# Main Trend Topics on Industry 4.0 in the Manufacturing Sector: A Bibliometric Review
## 3 Results
### Document Analysis
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Ranking Paper** & **DOI** & **TC** & **TC per Year** & **Normalized TC** \\ \hline
1 & OZTEMEL E, 2020, J INTELL MANUF [3] & 10.1007/s10845-018-1433-8 & 807 & 161.40 & 10.35 \\
2 & CHORAKHLOO M, 2020, J CLEAN PROD [41] & 10.1016/j.clepro.2019.119869 & 612 & 122.40 & 7.85 \\
3 & LU Y, 2020, ROBOT COMPUT-INTEGR MANUF [42] & 10.1016/j.rcim.2019.101837 & 550 & 110.00 & 7.06 \\
4 & ACETO G, 2020, J IND INF INTEGR [43] & 10.1016/j.jni.2020.100129 & 345 & 69.00 & 4.43 \\
5 & LEZCOHE M, 2020, COMPUT IND [41] & 10.1016/j.compth.2020.103187 & 297 & 59.40 & 3.81 \\
6 & ZONTA T, 2020, COMPUT IND ENC [45] & 10.1016/j.cie.2020.106898 & 267 & 53.40 & 3.43 \\
7 & ZHENG T, 2021, INT J PROD RES [7] & 10.1080/00207543.2020.1824085 & 254 & 63.50 & 5.86 \\
8 & BODKHE U, 2020, IEEE ACCESS [48] & 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2988579 & 250 & 50.00 & 3.21 \\
9 & GOH GD, 2021, ARIT INTEGR.I REV [46] & 10.1007/s10462-020-09876-9 & 239 & 59.75 & 5.51 \\
10 & DANTAS TE, 2021, SUSTAIN PROD CONSUPP [47] & 10.1016/j.spec.2020.100.005 & 227 & 56.75 & 5.24 \\
11 & DOLGIU A, 2020, INT J PROD RES [49] & 10.1080/00207543.2020.1774679 & 218 & 43.60 & 2.80 \\
12 & IVANOV D, 2021, INT J PROD RES [50] & 10.1080/00207543.2020.1798035 & 214 & 53.50 & 4.94 \\
13 & PERERA S, 2020, J IND INF INTEGR [51] & 10.1016/j.jiiii.2020.100125 & 210 & 42.00 & 2.69 \\
14 & [PERSON] T, 2020, IND MARK MANAGE [52] & 10.1016/j.indmarmaran.2020.02.012 & 205 & 41.00 & 2.63 \\
15 & [PERSON] P, 2020, INT J PROD ECON [50] & 10.1016/j.ippe.2019.08.011 & 203 & 40.60 & 2.60 \\
16 & LENG J, 2021, J MANUF SYST [54] & 10.1016/j.imsy.2021.05.011 & 200 & 50.00 & 4.61 \\
17 & AWAN U, 2021, BUS STRATEG ENVRON [55] & 10.1002/bse-2731 & 196 & 49.00 & 4.52 \\
18 & SIMA V, 2020, SUSTAINABILITY [56] & 10.3390/s11204035 & 186 & 37.20 & 2.39 \\
19 & LV Y, 2020, J MANUF SYST [57] & 10.1016/j.imsy.2020.06.010 & 183 & 36.60 & 2.35 \\
20 & SEMERADO C, 2021, COMPUT IND [58] & 10.1016/j.compind.2021.103469 & 179 & 44.75 & 4.13 \\
21 & ZHANG C, 2020, J IND INTEGR RANAG [59] & 10.1142/S244862219500192 & 178 & 35.60 & 2.28 \\
22 & BAG S, 2022, INT J ORGAN ANAL [60] & 10.1108/IDA-04-2020-2120 & 178 & 59.33 & 11.14 \\
23 & CINAAR ZM, 2020, SUSTAINABILITY [61] & 10.3390/s11298211 & 178 & 35.60 & 2.28 \\
24 & BEIER G, 2020, J CLEAN PROD [62] & 10.1016/j.clepro.2020.120856 & 175 & 35.00 & 2.25 \\
25 & SONY M, 2020, BENCHMARKING [63] & 10.1108/BJ-09-2018-0284 & 173 & 34.60 & 2.22 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Most Global Cited Documents. Upon analyzing the behavior of the main terms over the 5 years taken as reference, with emphasis on the top 4 terms, we obtained the \"Trend topics\" graph (Figure 13), from which the following analysis emerges: \"Industry 5.0\" appears in 2023, indicating a growing interest in the next phase of industrial development, while \"Learning\" and \"Sustainability\" appear in 2022 and 2023, suggesting a shift towards a focus on continuous improvement and sustainability within Industry 4.0. On the other hand, concepts such as \"Cyber-Physical Systems\" and \"Smart Factory\" mature, as they are present throughout the period, indicating that they are established areas within Industry 4.0. From the analysis of the co-occurrence network (Figure 14) and its accompanying data, emerging trends, mature concepts, and relationships between keywords can be identified. The network is comprised of three main clusters. Figure 12: WordCloud. Most Frequent Key Words. Figure 13: Trend Topics. Cluster 1 (red): Sustainability is formed by keywords related to sustainability in general, including the term itself, sustainable development, circular economy, sustainable supply chain, and supply chain management. The terms in this cluster have a high betweenness centrality and closeness, indicating their importance in connecting different areas of sustainability research.