## 4 Results and Discussion
### Construct IV-Attainment of Soft Skills or Graduate Capabilities  
In a conventional face-to-face classroom, the soft skills attained would include among others, communication skills, social skills, mastery of the English language and thinking skills [66]. However, in an online class, social and collaborative skills are rather difficult to develop, especially when academics are new to online pedagogy and do not know how to engage with the students virtually, nor encourage collaboration among students. In most cases, students do not even want to turn on their cameras, making the socialization process even more tedious. This study revealed that online lessons enhanced certain soft skills among students. The online classes using google collaborative slides, allowed students to hold discussions and present their ideas of the subject matter through interactive exchanges. The online lessons conducted through Teams or Zoom had enhanced peer-to-peer engagement, as reflected in the following excerpt:  
\"It enables collaboration between peer for assignment and presentation. Lectures are also being delivered smoothly despite some minor glitches due to internet connection and high traffic volume of users.\" (Student 15, 2020). Students also perceived that the online lessons had enhanced their graduate capabilities (thinking skills, digital literacy skills, and adaptability skills) that they believed would be of help in their future undertakings. \"The knowledge we have learned is not only taught on the module, the teacher also continues to expand our thinking.\" (Student 16, 2020). \"It's going really well, much satisfied that Taylor's was so smart, thoughtful, modern and cooperative that our course didn't pause or stop for a while otherwise international students would be in a big trouble; Learning the tools will be really helpful for us in our workplace in coming future too; We got to be more connected to our lecturers with this; Response rate among students & lecturers was too high; Mock exams was really good experience; didn't find any difficulty so far; In crisis like this, such measures need to be taken to keep the course and process going else our academics will remain slut for sometime and we might lose touch and interest from academics; Also with today's digitalization, everyone working in today's world need to be updated and be tech-savvy, this will not just help in self-improvement but also in running out businesses in new, creative and innovative approaches.\"_ (Student 1, 2020). \"It is a good chance to adapt to new world problems.\"_ (Student 17, 2020). Quite a number of students revealed how they gained self-discipline, self-control and self-reliant skills as they had to deal with the online learning setting, as reflected in the following excerpts:  
\"During MCO, self discipline is most important because lecturer can't really push your progress in online, so I really need to find ways to motivate myself and keep on track with every module I taken. Although online learning is far different than face to face class, but everyone have to deal with it and keep learning or else you will be left out.\"_ (Student 18, 2020). \"Online learning really required high self-control, with Microsoft teams, it was more organised than zoom in term of scheduling me up. However, MCO still demotivated me a lot.\"_ (Student 19, 2020). \"Online learning let me know the importance of self-discipline, it is very convenient but also many disadvantages. If I don't study independently, I will miss a lot of knowledge. But the good thing is that we have more time to do our own things and also to do our studies. I think the pros and cons are about the same.\" (Student 20, 2020). Studying in a virtual environment can be challenging to students as they take ownership of their own learning, as the control of learning is shifted from the HEIs to the often-isolated students [67].