# New Landslide Disaster Monitoring System: Case Study of Pingding Village
## 2 Material and Methods
### Data Collection
#### 2.4.1. Equipment for the Collapse Monitoring System  
The Linbeiken area in Pingding, upstream of the Pingding River, has faced constant side slope collapses during torrential rain seasons since the 921 Earthquake in 1999. To assess the condition, this study monitored the collapse changes of the Pingding area and established a side slope collapse monitoring system to understand the real-time activities of the collapse zone during flooding (Figure 3). The following work was planned: The establishment of relevant monitoring equipment, including camcorders and devices and equipment related to rainfall monitoring and land surface deformation monitoring, as well as recording, storage, transmission, and display systems for monitoring the above equipment. In light of the simulation analysis results of [PERSON] [29], the completed work included an inbuilt GPS-4 and GPS-5, a retractable cable meter (group 3), a retractable cable meter (group 4) on the sliding surfaces, an inbuilt retractable magnetic induction meter (groups 1), and a retractable meter (groups 1 and 2) in two open spaces that contained obvious cracks and may have suffered from possible continuous displacements. Finally, GPS-1, GPS-2, GPS-3, and slope circles were placed on the top of the fixed soil retaining wall. The details of the monitoring device numbers are shown in Table 1; the monitoring station is equipped with the following sensors: (1) Two sets of rain gauges; (2) three sets of CCD (A charge-coupled device) camcorders; (3) two sets of high-pressure illuminators; (4) one set of remote camcorders; (5) four sets of retractable meters; (6) one set of slop circles; (7) one sets of GPSs. The device arrangement is displayed in Table 1, Figure 5, which highlights the slope deformation monitoring system contained in the GPS receiver base station and five GPS receiver mobile stations. The precision of the real-time coordination solution was \(\pm\)3 cm, while the solution speed was over one piece of information (including one) every 3 s. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Devices** & **Numbers** & **Brand** & **Device Functions** \\ \hline Rain gauge & Two sets & \begin{tabular}{c} Taketa Keiki Industry Co., Ltd. \\ Itabashi City, Tokyo \\ 173-0024, Japan \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Observing rainfall as a reference for \\ real-time rainfall vigilance values \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline CCD (A charge-coupled \\ device) camcorder & Three sets & \begin{tabular}{c} AXIS \\ Lund, Sweden \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Observing local slopes and transmitting \\ back real-time local images \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline High-pressure illuminator & Two sets & \begin{tabular}{c} Micro Balance \\ Wuqi District, Taichung \\ City, Taiwan \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Assisting the night-time observation of \\ CCD camcorders \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline Remote camcorder & One set & \begin{tabular}{c} AXIS \\ Lund, Sweden \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Helping to make the controls on the \\ way to the Command Post remote to aid \\ in the understanding of the on-site \\ situation \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline Retractable meter (retractable \\ displacement meter) & Four sets (10 m) & \begin{tabular}{c} Novotechnik \\ Ostfiltern, Germany \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Monitoring the changes in land surface \\ cracks as a reference for emergency \\ evacuation \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline (Dual direction) Slope circles & One set & \begin{tabular}{c} Micromor Inc. \\ Camarillo, CA 93012, \\ United States \\ \end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c} Measuring the changes in buildings’ \\ trace angles of inclination \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline GPS slope deformation & One set (six GPS) & \
\begin{tabular}{c} Leica \\ Wetzlar, Germany \\ \end{tabular} &
\begin{tabular}{c} Monitoring the slope spatial 3D change \\ condition through GPS as a reference \\ for emergency evacuation \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline GPS, Global Positioning System; 3D, three-dimensional. & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}