# The IoT/IoE Integrated Security & Safety System of Pompeii Archeological Park
## 1 Introduction  
Managing a cultural heritage site as vast and complex as the Pompeii Archeological Park [1, 2, 3, 4] requires a dedicated commitment to ensuring security, safety, conservation, andaccessibility. Special attention must be given to providing equal access for all individuals, particularly those with disabilities, as well as to supporting the personnel responsible for maintaining and overseeing the site's daily operations. To achieve these objectives, the implementation of integrated technological systems is essential [5; 6]. Recent advancements in technology, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and the Internet of Everything (IoE), have introduced innovative solutions to improve the security, monitoring, and management of heritage sites [7]. These smart systems enable the connection of people, objects (such as mobile devices, intelligent sensors, and wearables), and valuable data, facilitating a more efficient and responsive approach to site maintenance and visitor experience enhancement. To effectively integrate these technologies into a structured security and safety model, the development of an Integrated Multidisciplinary Model for Security and Safety Management (IMMSSM) [8] tailored to the specific needs of Pompeii is fundamental, starting with a proper risk assessment. To this end, targeted initiatives such as the \"Safety & Security for Pompeii Archeological Park\" and \"Smart@Pompeii\" projects have been launched. These interrelated programs focus on implementing intelligent monitoring systems, improving emergency response mechanisms, and optimizing resource allocation for the sustainable preservation of the site. The primary aim of this work is to illustrate the functionalities and benefits of the IoT/IoE integrated system, detailing the methodologies, results, and insights gained from the study and implementation of an innovative communication network designed to support security, safety, and overall site management at the Pompeii Archeological Park. By leveraging cutting-edge technological advancements, Pompeii can continue to thrive as one of the world's most extraordinary cultural heritage sites while ensuring its long-term preservation for future generations. In the following sections, a general overview of the work carried out will be presented. Given the extensive number of technological interventions that must be illustrated, it will not be possible to delve into the details beyond a certain level of depth. The description will therefore focus on providing a comprehensive yet high-level summary, highlighting the main innovations, objectives, and outcomes achieved. Detailed technical specifications, implementation procedures, and component-level analyses will be omitted or only briefly mentioned to maintain clarity and ensure that the narrative remains accessible. This approach is necessary to effectively convey the breadth and complexity of the initiatives undertaken without overwhelming the reader with excessive technical minutiae. Moreover, given the nature of the system, which is designed to ensure the protection and safeguarding of a highly sensitive site, it is essential to adopt a cautious and responsible approach to the dissemination of information. In particular, since this pertains to security, the disclosure of specific technical details--such as the exact configuration of the subsystems, the positioning and capabilities of surveillance devices, the detailed architecture of the communication infrastructure, or the operating logic of control mechanisms--must be strictly avoided. Revealing such information could unintentionally expose the system to vulnerabilities or exploitation attempts, potentially compromising not only the effectiveness of the protective measures in place but also the security of the site as a whole.