### Limitations of Field Method  
Before the advent of remote sensing, traditional methods for burned area mapping consisted of delimiting the perimeter of the area of interest by using GPS devices. This protocol showed its limitation in scenarios of harsh inaccessible morphology, still active wildfires, or uneven burning patches. Furthermore, the delimitation of the area is time-consuming and very expensive as it needs trained personnel [7]. Additionally, field methods provide limited spatial and temporal representation of post-fire ecological effects [8]. In the field of earth observation, fire causes spectral changes of the scenario with the charring of vegetation, thermal changes of land surface, and the general consumption of vegetation [9]. Likewise, fire reduces aboveground and belowground moisture [10; 11]. The reduction of chlorophyll absorption determines an increased reflectance in the visible electromagnetic region, coupled with leaf tissue damage, resulting in decreased reflectance in the near infrared (NIR) region [12; 13]. Fire is a strong agent able to alter the observed scenario in a wide range of severity, and therefore modifying the features spectral signature. Therefore, to exploit these spectral variations, complex and multitemporal indices have been developed: NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index), dNDVI (delta NDVI), NBR (normalized burn ratio), dNBR (delta NBR), RBR (relativized burn ratio), and BIAS2 (burned area index for Sentinel-2), coupled with vegetation biophysical indices: fCover (fraction of green vegetation cover), LAI (leaf area index), and fAPAR (fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation). Compared to the pre-satellite era, burned areas were mapped via field sketching or biome-aggregated best-guess values of the average annual area burned [14; 15]. Burned area information has gained relevance over the years due to the stipulation of international contracts related to fire emissions, such as the Kyoto protocol and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) [16; 17]. The development of satellite-based burned area index computation has allowed for a more precise world burned area assessment. The priority in assessing the area affected by wildfires is linked to the necessity of adopting practices for the reduction of the ecosystem impact, such as soil erosion and biodiversity reduction, and to assess the emission of greenhouse gasses (as CO2) coming from the biomass combustion. In the Italian context, attention is focused on the nature of fire as it is often used as a mean for uncontrolled edification [18]. At the European level, the most important group operating in the wildfire monitoring and prevention is EFFIS (European Forest Fire Information System). Developed by the European Joint Research Centre, this system is part of the Copernicus complex and multi-thematic earth observation program. Copernicus is a revolutionary satellite constellation dedicated to earth observation and monitoring [19], implemented to tackle the dispersion of founding and knowledge by fragmented European earth observation activities, providing the union members a communitarian portal for Earth observation free and opensource products. Within the thirty-plus satellites making up the Copernicus constellation, the Sentinel family is constituted by six new satellites equipped with different sensor platforms for earth observation, both sea and land, granting a small revisit period over Europe [20]. More specifically, in the field of land cover analysis, Sentinel-2 is a performing platform as it embarks a multispectral sensing instrument (MSI), acquiring thirteen bands in the optic to SWIR range, with particular focus on the red-edge band, one of the best chlorophyll content descriptors useful for vegetation analysis, Figure 1[21]. Due to these characteristics, Sentinel-2 has proved to be a performing platform for burned area mapping, both individually [22; 23; 24] and paired with other sensors [25; 26; 27].