## 3 Results and Discussion
### Dissipation of Pore Water Pressure  
For the saturated condition, the pore pressure at H is zero throughout the entire duration of the applied load. According to the one-dimensional consolidation theory, pore pressure is initially highest in areas where water cannot escape and gradually decreases toward the drainage zones [1,43]. In the case of saturated soil with surface drainage, the pore pressure will be zero due to the immediate release of water. This behavior is defined by the boundary condition in consolidation theory [1,44]. Figure 12 shows the pore pressure dissipation at the selected control points under different vertical stresses. In this study of copper-filtered tailings, the pore water pressure supports the applied load for approximately 10 min, except after the 800 kPa load is applied. This indicates that the pore water dissipates more quickly as the applied stress increases. Moreover, there is a difference between the models used and the height ratios analyzed for the same load. In Figure 12, it is observed that, at t = 0, the pore pressure equals the applied load in saturated soils, in accordance with [PERSON]'s theory [1]. This behavior is more evident in the height ratios analyzed in the deeper zones (H = 0), as these take longer to drain due to their distance from the soil's hydraulic boundary conditions. This phenomenon is consistent across all cases studied. However, as the load increases, the height ratios closer to the surface tend to deviate from the theory at the initial moment (t = 0). In summary, as the applied stress increases, the Soft Soil model generates higher initial pressures and dissipates pore pressure more slowly, reflecting the typical behavior of soft and compressible saturated soils. Conversely, the Hardening Soil model generates lower initial pressures and dissipates more rapidly, better capturing the stiffness of more resistant  
Figure 12: Pore pressure dissipation at different height ratios with applied loads in saturated models. soils. The lowest points exhibit the slowest dissipation, while the highest points dissipate much faster due to their proximity to the drainage boundaries. Figure 13 compares the HS_99% model with the saturated models. Due to its similarity to the saturated condition, it follows that, at t = 0, the pore pressure equals the applied load and can dissipate completely over time. It also holds true that, at greater depths, dissipation takes longer to begin, allowing the soil to bear more load [45]. In unsaturated soils, both water and air in the pores participate in dissipation [45]. Air pressure dissipates faster than water pressure, leading to differences in settlement times and magnitudes [44,46]. Higher initial saturation results in slower water dissipation and greater long-term settlements. In contrast, in soils with low saturation, air acts as a regulator, influencing both the time and magnitude of consolidation [47]. Figure 14 shows how the HS_80% model significantly differs from SS_60% in the magnitude of pore pressure obtained under any applied load. For lower loads (10-400 kPa), the pore pressure dissipation in SS_60% remains constant at very low values, so small that it is barely noticeable in the graphs. It is only from 800 kPa onward that a more defined behavior begins to appear, with more noticeable pore pressure values. This demonstrates that the degree of saturation significantly affects water dissipation. For applied stresses equal to or less than 400 kPa, the curves with lower saturation (HS_60%) show positive pore pressure values. This indicates that it is not the water bearing the load but rather the air in the soil pores [46,47]. Additionally, these curves demonstrate almost static behavior in initial pressures, indicating minimal dissipation within this time range. Figure 13: Pore dissipation at different height ratios with applied loads in saturated and partially saturated HS_99% mode.