## 1 Introduction  
With the rapid advancement of agricultural tillage mechanization, the wear failure of soil-engaging components of agricultural tillage machinery has become increasingly serious [1]. The reduction in abrasive wear is of primarily engineering interest in the industrial sector of agricultural machinery, as it could lead to the design and development of novel soil-engaging components capable of reducing energy consumption and improving work quality in the fields [2]. Wear usually refers to the contact and relative movement of objects due to mechanical, physical and chemical effects, resulting in the displacement and separation of surface materials, surface shape, size, structure and performance change process. According to the different wear mechanisms, it can be divided into adhesive wear, abrasive wear, fatigue wear and erosion wear [3]. Abrasive wear is generated by the sliding motion of soil-engaging components that are in contact with the soil [4; 5]. The wear behavior of agricultural machinery could be classified as abrasive wear, which is commonly found in the mouldboard plough [6], rotary tiller blade [7], disc cutter [8], ditching disc [9] and other agricultural machinery soil working parts. In the working process, soil-engaging components are usually in direct contact with soil and gravel, resulting in serious low-stress abrasive wear, restricting its service life, and having a negative impact on the efficiency of agricultural operation [10]. At present, researchers mainly focus on the following methods to improve the abrasive wear performance of soil-engaging components of agricultural machinery: using high-strength wear-resistant materials, such as high manganese steel ZGMn13 [11] and wear-resistant chromium cast iron 3 Cr15 Mo1V1.5 [12]; resorting to a hot working treatment and surface strengthening process to increase the wear resistance, such as the secondary stage quenching of the 65 Mn steel stubble cutter blade with hardening agent [13]; adopting engineering technologies of surface treatment, such as surfacing welding, coating wear-resistant materials; using thermal spraying, in which a layer of wear-resistant material is formed on the surface of substrate to protect working parts [14], such as the thermal spraying of Al\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) composite coating on the surface of tillage machinery, for example, the plough share, plow moldboard plough wall, rake blade, rotary tillage blade, etc. [15; 16; 17]; designing the soil-engaging components of agricultural machinery detachable parts. Therefore, parts that prone to worn could be replaced regularly [18]. However, improving the wear resistance of soil-engaging components of agricultural machinery from the perspective of the material and treatment process is restricted by complex techniques and a high economic cost. The emergence of bionics provides a novel and effective method to solve the engineering problems. After billions of years of evolution, soil animals have formed excellent surface structure and morphology that to adapt to their surrounding living environment, which provides an important reference for solving the problem of the wear failure of agricultural machinery [19; 20; 21]. For example, [PERSON] et al. [22] designed a heavy tractor friction plate with a bionic hexagonal groove by studying the microstructure and friction adhesion mechanism of a frog toe end, and carried out a friction and wear test. It is was demonstrated that the bionic hexagonal groove friction plate has better friction and wear characteristics than an ordinary friction plate. [PERSON] et al. [23] observed the microstructure of a clam shell surface, and found that there were numerous of holes on the surface of prismatic layer. The wear behavior of clam shell was studied, and the abrasive wear resistance mechanism was investigated. [PERSON] et al. [24] learned from the pangolin scale and established a DEM model of the arranged scales; then, the abrasive wear behaviors were analyzed. [PERSON] et al.