## 2 Related Works  
Several research efforts have been made to incorporate efficient scheduling techniques for both real-time and non-real-time applications. The role of 5G in smart grid communications networks has also been investigated recently. For instance, [13] explored the use of 5G slicing technology in which a carrying method based on a neural network is proposed to dynamically predict traffic in the slicing network. A GSM triplexer for 5G-enabled IoT is also designed and evaluated in [14] for smart grid edge computing and the Metaverse. The proposed triplexer is, however, seen to possess low insertion losses. It is the primary aim of the scheduling technique in a communication network to effectively and conveniently share resources among all tasks and processes in a fair manner [15]. Several scheduling techniques exist depending on how it is implemented and its suitability to improve the system's communications. In a work by the authors in [16], a fair share scheduler is proposed in which each process is given a weight of the user's share of the resources in the system as a fraction of the overall resource usage. An algorithm is used to partition the system's asset into different portions and then allotted to the different fair-share groups by the process schedulers. Also, in [17], the authors proposed a multi-core migration and placement technique to manage resource fairness amongst the processes in a system which eventually enhances its performance by default. A hybrid scheduling algorithm comprising a primary and secondary phase is proposed in [18]. The primary phase aims to limit information conditions amongst subtasks and adjust loads, while the secondary phase limits the \"makes-span\" without abusing user priorities. The technique employs an elective processor that utilizes a higher capacity to perform subtasks inside a certain cut-off time. Emerging and developed applications in smart grids, for instance, autonomous cars, require low latency to transmit their packets. That means that implementing low-latency communications will result in each packet having deadline needs that are to be met. In a typical real-time system, if a packet does not deliver before the stipulated deadline, it will be regarded as lost packets. These real-time system issues have been extensively studied in [19; 20; 21]. A scheduler algorithm known as the Earliest Deadline First (EDF) scheduling algorithm is one of the most popular scheduling techniques employed in a real-time system. EDF is ideal amongst several queuing approaches [22; 23; 24], yet, amid in prioritized packets, it might not be the ideal technique [25]. In a bid to improve the EDF technique, a controlled pre-emptive EDF (CP-EDF) scheduling approach is proposed in [26] to avoid the occurrence of pre-emption in the system. When the pre-emptions are high in the system, the algorithm behaves like a non-pre-emptive EDF where each of the tasks are computed based on having a task with the least deadline. But when pre-emptions are low, it behaves like a full pre-emptive algorithm where pre-emption is due to occur when the deadline of other processes is lower than the deadline of the task presently being executed. Quite a few other scheduling techniques have also been proposed to ensure a better performance of resource allocation in systems. Although the complexity of these algorithms is low, most of them are channel-unaware strategies and do not pay much attention to the channel quality, such as the First-In-First-Out strategy in [27] and the Round Robin scheduling method in [28]. A channel-aware strategy that takes into consideration the user's channel quality so as to boost the system's throughput is proposed in [29] using the Max C/I algorithm. However, the Quality of Service (QoS) is not taken into consideration. Scheduling policies that take serving priority and rewards as a major importance in their algorithms are presented in [30; 31; 32], in which packets are placed in a queue and a cost function system is utilized to ascertain the amounts of packets in the queue.