# Research Status and Development Trend of Wastewater Treatment Technology and Its Low Carbonization
## 3 Low-Carbon Sewage Treatment Technology
### Research Status
#### 3.1.3 Operation Parameter Optimization and Process Improvement
Existing studies [16] have shown that the improvement of the SBR process adds a pre-anoxic zone on the basis of the original, and the preliminary denitrification of the sewage is carried out through the pre-anoxic process, which provides a good reaction environment for the subsequent treatment, optimizes the selection of carbon sources in the distribution of raw water, and improves the efficiency of the sewage treatment overall and the recovery and utilization rate of water resources. With the improvement of the A2O process, the anaerobic phosphorus removal area and low oxygen aeration area are set next to the settlement area in order to form an integrated setting, which is conducive to improving work efficiency and shortening sewage treatment time. Making full use of the principle of air pressure, a low-oxygen aeration area in front of the air push zone is established to provide natural force and reduce energy consumption and impact load. The unique dissolved-oxygen control system can enhance the removal of COD, total nitrogen TN and total phosphorus TP. At the same time, the process has a wide range of applications, mainly in the efficient treatment of municipal sewage and various types of industrial waste water. It is the main process of urban sewage treatment with low-carbon sources. For the first time, the coupling process of SHARON and anammox was successfully applied to the treatment of sludge digestion solution with high ammonia nitrogen in the Dokhaven Sewage Treatment Plant in Rotterdam, Netherlands. Compared with the traditional nitrification and denitrification process, the coupling process of SHARON and anammox can reduce the CO\({}_{2}\) emission by 88% and the operating cost by 90%. Domestic studies on this process are mostly in the pilot stage. [PERSON] et al. [85] treated landfill leachate through the short-cut nitrification-coupled anammox process, and found that the average removal rate of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in this system was over 95%. [PERSON] et al. [86] started and acclimated the one-stage short-cut nitrification and anammox process in SBR. When the process reached stable operation, the SBR effluent was put into the filter column with different volume filling ratios of slow-release carbon sources to conduct in-depth nitrogen removal research. The results show that after 176 days of start-up and acclimation in SBR, stable operation of the one-stage short-cut nitrification and anammox process is successfully achieved, with the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen up to 98% and the total nitrogen removal rate up to 73%. Beijing Drainage Group adopted the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process to treat sludge digesters, with a total treatment scale of 15,900 m\({}^{3}\)/d, which can reduce carbon emissions by 10,500 t per year [71]. In the context of rapid development, the value of development needs to be well considered. Successful development must be of good long-term value. Through the improvement of the industry, improvement of shortcomings, improvement of the quality and efficiency of the process, the process operation can produce better value. For the optimization of process operation parameters, the process and sewage quality change rapidly with various factors, so it is more necessary to monitor the operation parameters in detail, utilize the best reaction parameters, realize the most efficient process operation, and improve the process value.