# Distance Estimation with a Stereo Camera and Accuracy Determination
## 4 Potential Application of the System  
Distance measurement systems play a key role in medicine, especially in the context of evolving diagnostic, surgical, and rehabilitation technologies. Distance measurement systems, such as stereo cameras or 3D sensors, are used to monitor patient movements, analyze posture, and precisely guide surgical instruments in minimally invasive procedures. Distance measurement with stereo cameras is also finding significant use in analyzing mandibular movement, which is particularly important in dental, orthodontic, and oral surgery diagnostics. Stereo cameras can accurately track and record three-dimensional images, allowing for the precise monitoring of dynamic jaw movements. This is important to examine temporomandibular joint dysfunction, plan orthodontic treatment, or evaluate progress after surgery. The system's current capabilities, with its precision in the distance ranges of 25-60 cm for larger objects and 30-47.5 cm for smaller objects, indicate its usefulness in monitoring larger areas of a patient's body or objects such as prostheses or rehabilitation aids. However, for more precise medical applications, especially in internal diagnostics or microscopic surgical interventions, further optimization of the algorithm and the calibration system is needed. The use of more advanced error correction algorithms, better camera calibration,or the use of more precise cameras could significantly reduce measurement errors for smaller objects, increasing the potential application of the system in precision medical interventions. Implementing more precise cameras, capable of operating from just a few millimeters, could significantly increase the system's range of applications. Such cameras would allow for the more accurate monitoring of fine anatomical structures and support complex medical procedures, where measurement at the microscopic level counts. With appropriate adjustments, the system could not only monitor patient movements, but also support physicians during complex surgical procedures that require extremely accurate distance measurement and instrument positioning. With appropriate adjustments, including calibration and the improvement of detection algorithms, the system could also become a useful diagnostic tool in dentistry and oral surgery, offering a noninvasive method for analyzing mandibular biomechanics and assisting in the treatment of patients suffering from masticatory organ problems. Stereo camera-based distance measurement technology, such as the one described in this paper, has the potential to revolutionize many aspects of medicine, including endoscopy. The addition of an additional camera to existing endoscopic systems would make it possible to obtain precise information about the distance of objects in the field of view, which would significantly improve control and precision during procedures. Such a system, enhanced by stereoscopic analysis, could provide surgeons not only with images, but also with accurate data on the position of surgical instruments relative to the patient's tissues. Such a solution would support the entire surgical process, allowing for the more precise manipulation of instruments in tight and hard-to-reach spaces, which is important in many endoscopic procedures. The introduction of such technology could also reduce the risk of damaging sensitive anatomical structures, as surgeons would have access to an additional layer of information to help assess the depth and spatial arrangement of tissues. With the ability to precisely determine the distance between the tools and anatomical structures, the surgeon could make better rational decisions during surgery, which could ultimately reduce the duration of procedures, reduce the risk of complications, and speed up patient recovery.