# Mechanical and Conductive Behavior of Graphite Filled Polysulfone-Based Composites
## 1 Introduction  
Composite materials represent a combination of two or more materials into a multiphase material with no formations of new phases, so each of the constituents keeps its separate characteristics [1]. By absorbing electromagnetic energy and converting it to heat energy, electromagnetic interference shielding materials are frequently utilized in electric devices to prevent electromagnetic radiation pollution. Meanwhile, the high amounts of heat energy generated by the electronic components have the potential to overheat, which always causes the electronic equipment to age quickly or even fail [2]. Utilization of polymers for thermal management purposes is very attractive due to their affordability, lightweight nature, and easy processing. On the other hand, because of the intrinsic phonon scattering between polymer chain ends and impurities, most polymers are electrical insulators and exhibit very low thermal conductivity (0.2-0.5 W/m \(\cdot\) K), making it challenging to quickly transfer heat. Filled polymers are a highly nonhomogeneous material because of solid particles' presence inside the polymer matrix [3, 4]. A variety of good features, including good conductive properties, high specific strength and modulus, temperature stability, high corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance are present in conductive polymer composites [5, 6, 7]. These materials can be utilized as both functional materials and structural materials to support loads. Due to its many usable forms, such as carbon fibers (CF), graphite (Gr), carbon black (CB), graphene-based nanoparticles (nGr), and carbon nanotubes (CNT), which are utilized to build polymer matrix composites for a variety of applications, carbon is frequently used as a filler in polymer composites. Traditionally, micron-sized carbon fillers have been employed to enhance a polymer matrix's thermal, electrical, and mechanicalproperties [8; 9]. However, compared to micro-fillers, nano-size carbon fillers have significantly higher aspect ratios and surface areas, which provide a more significant increase in polymer properties. Polymers and polymer-based materials have largely replaced traditional structural materials including reinforced concrete, metal, and wood. The variety of polymers and fillers, as well as the unlimited variability of the compositions of composites based on them and the modalities of their modification, give polymeric materials an incredibly broad range of applications [10]. Such materials, on the other hand, require a unique approach and the introduction of novel solutions in the development and implementation of nondestructive testing methods and instruments. This is owing to the large range of materials available, the unique characteristics of their structures and manufacturing methods, the wide range of physical, mechanical, and strength properties, the various types of flaws that can develop during their creation and operation, and so on [11]. Enhancing conductive polymer composites (CPCs), including materials with electrical-mechanical performance, is necessary for many technical applications. Thermal conductivity, thermal stability, corrosion resistance, and the lightweight nature of composites are likewise important characteristics of CPCs [12]. Fuel cells seem to be a potential alternative to traditional energy converters such as heat engines because they are more inexpensive and environmentally friendly. Recently, interest in fuel cells has increased, and many research initiatives are working to enhance them [13]. Metals are the most often employed materials in the manufacture of fuel cells due to their better processability compared to polymer materials and strong electrical and thermal conductivity. However, metals are susceptible to corrosion, which can result in problems with fuel cell performance. They also have a significantly higher density than polymers, which results in heavy fuel cell stacks.