## 5 Novel Combined Extraction Techniques
### Cavitation and Enzyme Assisted Extraction
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l l l l l} \hline \hline
**Type** & **Extract** & **Matrix** & **Conditions** & **Yield** & **Ref.** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{US/MW} & \multirow{2}{*}{Pectin} & \multirow{2}{*}{Pennole peels} & **MW: P (W): 643.4e Irradiation time (min): 64.0 & \multirow{2}{*}{38\%} & [81] \\  & & & (US//day: 40.4e; SORTation time (min): 27.52. & \multirow{2}{*}{38\%} & [81] \\  & & & & Scherent travel; PH:18.20 & \\ \cline{2-6}  & \multirow{2}{*}{Oligosaccharides} & \multirow{2}{*}{loss seeds} & **MW: P (W): 250** & \multirow{2}{*}{11.00} & \multirow{2}{*}{82} \\  & & & (US/day: 42.5); PN (W): 300.4e; ED (min): 5.42; L/S: 101; Solvent water & & \(11.00\pm 0.019\%\) & [82] \\ \cline{2-6}  & \multirow{2}{*}{Anthrasquines} & \multirow{2}{*}{Rubarb} & **MW: P (W): 500** & \multirow{2}{*}{28} & \multirow{2}{*}{28 mg/g} & [83] \\  & & & & US: P (W): 300. ED (min): 2. L/S: 15.1 & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{US/Enzyme} & \multirow{4}{*}{Polysaccharides} & \multirow{2}{*}{Pumpkin} & **MS: P (W): 440.2, **T** (C): 51.8; ED (min): 20.1/L/S: 5701. pH 5; & \(4.33\pm 0.15\%\) & [84] \\  & & & & Scherent water & & \\ \cline{2-6}  & \multirow{2}{*}{Prosphenical} & \multirow{2}{*}{Malberry must} & **US:** (/ 4H2): 34.P (W): 60.7; T (C): 20. Solvent water. & \multirow{2}{*}{298.00} & \multirow{2}{*}{379.24} & \multirow{2}{*}{85.14} \\  & & & & **Energy Enzyme concentration: 0.010\% (-w/w): ED (min): 12 & & (mg/100 mL) \\ \cline{2-6}  & \multirow{2}{*}{Pectin} & \multirow{2}{*}{Sial waste} & **US:** (/ 4H2): 20.P, 450 W. & \multirow{2}{*}{31.5\%} & \multirow{2}{*}{86} \\  & & & & & \\ \cline{2-6}  & \multirow{2}{*}{Polyaccharides} & \multirow{2}{*}{Cingalo biblo leaves} & **US:** (/ 4H2): 20.P (W): 130.T (C): 58.0; ED (min): 37.13; pH 4.34 & \(7.29\pm 0.21\%\) & [87] \\ \cline{2-6}  & \multirow{2}{*}{Oll} & \multirow{2}{*}{Prosphenarate Seeds} & **US:** (/ 4H2): 20.P (W): 130.T (C): 58.5 & \multirow{2}{*}{298.00} & \multirow{2}{*}{[88]} \\  & & & & **Energy Enzyme temperature: 25\% w/w; ED (min): 10.pH 5. & & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{SFE-US} & \multirow{2}{*}{Biactive compounds} & \multirow{2}{*}{Dedo de novo proper} & **S** solvent flow rate 12699.10\%-14 kg/s Pressure (M/s): 20. & \multirow{2}{*}{45\%} & [89] \\  & & & & US: P (W): 800.T (C): 40. ED (min): 60 & & \\ \cline{2-6}  & \multirow{2}{*}{Anthioslands} & \multirow{2}{*}{Oregon} & **S** solvent flow rate 1.4 \(\pm\) 1.0 kg/s Pressure (M/s): 35. ED (min): 60 & \multirow{2}{*}{26.4 \(\pm\) 1.1 mmol TE/g} & [90] \\  & & & & US: P (M): 30.T (C): 50. ED (min): 120.L/S: 40. & \multirow{2}{*}{9.87 \(\pm\) 0.40\%} & [91] \\ \cline{2-6}  & \multirow{2}{*}{Capsicionids} & \multirow{2}{*}{Malagette pepper} & **S** solvent flow rate 16735.10\%-14 kg/s Pressure (M/s): 15. & \multirow{2}{*}{75.3\%} & [92] \\  & & & & US: P (M): 320.P (W): 30.T (C): 40.ED (min): 60.L/S: 600 \(\pm\) 2 & & \\ \cline{2-6}  & \multirow{2}{*}{Oll} & \multirow{2}{*}{Almond} & **S** solvent flow rate 15.5 /s Pressure (M/s): 33. & \multirow{2}{*}{18\%} & [93] \\  & & & & US: (/ 4H2): 20.P (W): 75.T (C): 45.ED (D): 5.1/L/S: 80 & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}  
* P. Power,/_f_: Frequency; ED: Extraction duration L/S: Liquid to solid ratio MW: Microwave; US: Ultrasound.  
\end{table} 
Table 3: UAE based combined methods. Application of combined NPC and enzyme extraction has been reported by [PERSON] et al. [62], for the extraction of isoflavonoids (calycosin, formononetin) from _Radix astragali_, which is a well-known medicinal plant. Under optimum conditions, a higher extraction yield of 94.67% for calycosin was obtained compared to non-enzymatic pre-treated extraction. [PERSON] et al. [60] also used the coupled method for the extraction of genistein and apigenin from pigeon pea roots, which demonstrated an increase in the extraction yield up to 44.70% and 53.05% respectively, compared to only NPC method.