## 3 Results and Discussion
### Antagonistic Properties
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Strains**} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{_Trichoderma asperellum_} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{_Trichoderma atroviride_} \\ \cline{2-7}  & **First Day** & **Third Day** & \
\begin{tabular}{c} **Sevent** \\ **Day** \\ \end{tabular} & **First Day** & **Third Day** &
\begin{tabular}{c} **Sevent** \\ **Day** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline _Neofisicocum_ & & & & & & & \\ _batangarum_ & & & & & & \\ _Neofisicocum parvum_ & & & & & & \\ _Colletotrichum acutatum_ & ND & & & & & \\ _Colletotrichum_ & ND & & & & & \\ _Colletotrichum_ & ND & & & & & \\ _Zoloesporioides_ & & & & & & \\ _Phylophthora parcispora_ & & & & & & \\ _Phylophthora microtiamine_ & & & & & & \\ _Penicillium digithatum_ & ND & & & & & \\ _Penicillium commune_ & ND & & & & & \\ _Penicillium expansum_ & ND & & & & & \\ _Penicillium roqueforti_ & ND & & & & & \\ _Penicillium camberti_ & ND & & & & & \\ _Penicillium_ & ND & & & & & \\ _Penicillium_ & ND & & & & & \\ _Penicillium verrucosum_ & ND & & & & & \\ _Aspergillus parasiticus_ & & & & & & \\ _Aspergillus flavus_ & ND & & & & & \\ _Aspergillus niger_ & ND & & & & & \\ _Aspergillus steynii_ & ND & & & & & \\ _Aspergilluscarbonitrileus_ & ND & & & & & \\ _Aspergillus lacticoffeatus_ & ND & & & & & \\ _Fusarium proliferatum_ & ND & & & & & \\ _Fusarium verticillioides_ & & & & & & \\ _Fusarium sporotrichoides_ & & & & & & \\ _Fusarium langselthiae_ & & & & & & \\ _Fusarium pone_ & & & & & & \\ _Fusarium graminearum_ & ND & & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: The percentage inhibition of radial growth (PIRG) in dual culture assay. Results are expressed as the \(\pm\) standard error of PIRG after 1-, 3-, and 7-day incubation; * Represents pathogens that showed signs of mycelial lysis due to mycoparasitism by _Trichoderma asperellum_ IMI393899 and _T. atroviride_ TS;According to the generally accepted definition, antibiosis is the mechanism mediated by specific metabolites such as enzymes, volatile compounds, and nonvolatile antibiotics [23]. The involvement of enzymes in biological control complicates the distinction between mycoparasitism and antibiosis. Mycoparasitism is one of the main strategies of _Trichoderma_ spp. to antagonize pathogens as supported by previous studies. [PERSON] et al., 2010 [24] reported mycoparasitic activity from _Trichoderma viride_ on _Pythium ar arribenomanes_ and _Fusarium oxysporum_ f. sp. _adzuki; Trichoderma_ showed a mycoparasitic activity on both pathogens, but mainly on _Pythium_. [PERSON] et al., 1998 [25], showed that the MP11 variety of _Trichoderma_ spp. was able to mycoparasitize various pathogens (_Fusarium_ spp., _Colletotrich_ spp., _Botryodipidia thebroma_, and _Nigrospora phaherica_). In another study, [PERSON] et al., 2005 [26], showed the invasion of the mycelium of _Trichoderma harzianum_ on _Fusarium oxysporum_ f. sp. _radicals-lycopersici_ cultures after 6 days in direct contact. Microscopic observations, made at the level of the contact area between _T. harzianum_ and _F. oxysporum_ f. sp. _radicals-lycopersici_, showed a profound change in the mycelium of the pathogen characterized by significant lysis, in which the hyphae of _Trichoderma_ were enveloping those of the pathogen. In the study of [PERSON] et al., 2007 [27], in which the four strains of _Trichoderma_ were used to control the black pod disease of cocoa caused by a _Plytophthora megakarya_,  
Figure 3: Dual culture assay after 7-days of incubation. _Fusarium gramtimearum_ (**A**), _Penicillium commune_ (**B**), and _A Aspergillus parasiticus_ (**C**) in coculture (left side of each plate) with _Trichoderma atroviride_ TS (**a**), _Trichoderma aperellum_ IMI393899, (**b**) and the control (**c**). the biological principle of their actions was discussed. According to these authors, the mycoparasitic activity of the _T. asperellum_ strains involves both direct penetration and enveloping the hyphae of the pathogen; in the latter case, a high level of hydrolytic enzymes is produced before the destruction of the hyphae.