# RDSP: Rapidly Deployable Wireless Ad Hoc System for Post-Disaster Management
## 2 Related Work
The proposed system deploys robots that utilize mesh technology to create autonomous broadband wireless networks. The actions of robots are controlled by relative signal strength indicators (RSSI). By redistributing the network nodes, it is possible to increase the existing system's throughput. The system is adaptable, self-forming, and self-healing. Energy in rapidly deployable networks is a major constraint, because the intermediate relays consume a high amount of energy while establishing a connection with other nodes, exchanging information, and routing critical information towards the command center [13; 14]. Since wireless relays are battery powered and have a limited power supply, an energy-efficient routing protocol is essential for rapidly deployable networks. The authors in [15] outlined an ad hoc airborne communication scheme using balloons, having excellent line-of-sight, wide transmission range, and low interference. The flying balloons create a multi-hop ad hoc network and get access to internet through an internet gateway placed in disaster hit areas. The rescue workers access internet services by connecting the flying balloons. On each balloon, a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver is installed to find the balloon's position. In work [16], the authors proposed a Movable and Deployable Resource Unit (MDRU). The goal of the MDRU is to transport resources to a disaster location and set up the network to provide the necessary communication services after a disaster. A van-type MDRU was deployed to establish a temporary network in disaster zones. The van carries all necessary equipment required to establish ad hoc communication at the disaster area. The authors in [17] suggested a model to enhance the MDRU-based network's energy resource utilization and spectrum improvement. The proposed model consists of two stages, named topology formation and transmission division. The former stage configures the gateways of the k spectrum and the later stage divides the transmission from the sender gateways to the MDRU resource unit. In [18; 19; 20; 21; 22; 23; 24; 25], the authors proposed various deployment schemes for disaster response to a building collapse, search and rescue, as well as a resource request through ad hoc networks. In [18], the authors proposed a novel approach, called Supporting Urban Preparedness and Emergency Response using Mobile Ad hoc Network (SUPER-MAN). The main objective of that approach was to enable structural engineers and first responders to efficiently disseminate a damaged building status and resource request information towards the control sever with minimum possible interference and delays. The proposed SUPER-MAN system relies on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags to store assessment information during disaster. A Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) of RFID tags is established where Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) is implemented as the routing protocol. In [19], the authors proposed a novel method using a ground penetrating radar (GPR) that automatically detects, locates, and characterizes empty space within disaster rubble. In the proposed method, radargrams are preprocessed to segment the boundaries of empty spaces on the basis of radar signal patterns. To search for uncertainties, 95% confidence intervals are constructed around the segmented boundaries. The geometric relations of the detected boundaries and their signal characteristics are examined to confirm the existence of free space and to improve detection accuracy. Then, the calibrated velocity of a radar wave and its travel time are used to estimate the location and dimension of empty spaces or voids. In [20], the authors proposed an emergency resource repository portal (E2 RP) system, which is a web-based geo-database service that enables on-site and off-site decision makers to access resource information. The whole E2 RP framework incorporates a web collaboration service, radio frequency identification RFID tags, a building blackbox system BBS, a geo-database, and a geographic information system GIS.