## 4 Discussion
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Gene** & **SNP** & **Adjustment \({}^{\text{a}}\)** & **Additive Model** & **Dominant Model** & **Recessive Model** \\ \hline
**Group** & & & **_p-Value, OR_** & _p-Value, OR_** & _p-Value, OR_** \\  & & & **(95\% CI)** & **(95\% CI)** & **(95\% CI)** \\ \hline PRKAG2 & rs7805747 & A & 0.219, 1.323 & 0.578, 1.266 & 0.038, 1.979 \\  & PRKAG2 & rs7805747 & A & (0.847–2.067) & (0.551–2.907) & (1.04–3.765) \({}^{\text{a}}\) \\  & & B & 0.211, 1.558 & 0.384, 1.758 & 0.014, 3.477 \\  & & & (0.777–3.125) & (0.494–6.264) & (1.287–9.391) \({}^{\text{a}}\) \\ DAB2 & rs11959928 & A & 0.002, 2.1 & 0.001, 3.344 & 0.049, 2.266 \\  & & & (1.31–3.368) \({}^{\text{a}}\) & (1.639–6.822) \({}^{\text{a}}\) & (1.003–5.118) \({}^{\text{a}}\) \\  & & B & 0.04, 2.125 & 0.009, 4.199 & 0.079, 2.8 \\  & & & (1.036–4.356) \({}^{\text{a}}\) & (1.437–12.27) \({}^{\text{a}}\) & (0.888–8.828) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} SNP—single nucleotide polymorphism. * Multivariate logistic regression: A for unadjusted and B for adjusted for age, C-reactive protein, body mass index, diabetes mellitus, and smoking. * \(p\) \textless{0.05}.  
\end{table} 
Table 4: _Cont._of missense mutations in the regulatory subunit, PRKAG2, causes AMPK activation and, consequently, cardiomyopathy [24]. DACH1, as a transcription factor, has a role in organogenesis, and it is expressed in the kidney [19]. It has been demonstrated that rs626277, rs7805747, and rs11959928 are associated with glomerular filtration rate and incidents of CKD [1]. A recent meta-analysis of these genetic variants did not show a significant association with CKD in East Asian populations [25]. Our study showed no significant effect of this variant. These are novel findings, and the molecular mechanisms behind these gender-specific associations seem to be unclear. However, previous studies revealed heterogeneous associations of different polymorphisms only in one gender, or manifesting in opposite directions in the two genders. For example, the rs4235308 variant was associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in females, while it played a protective role in males [26]. There are some limitations to this study. Firstly, the study was designed as a retrospective study. The results were not anticipated to be influenced by the estimator's bias because each variable was evaluated by an investigator who was blinded to the genotyping results. Secondly, a relatively small number of patients allows us to consider the results obtained as preliminary, requiring verification in larger studies. In conclusion, rs7805747 has a statistically significant protective effect in females. rs11959928 and rs7805747 were significantly associated with the prevalence of CKD in males. Different polymorphisms have variable influences in different population groups and genders. These variables should be clarified in each case. Conceptualization, A.H.S. and K.S.Z. ; methodology, A.H.S. and G.K.; formal analysis, A.H.S. and G.K.; investigation, Z.C., S.K., M.S., J.M., L.U. and A.N. ; data curation, A.H.S. and G.K.; writing--original draft preparation, A.H.S., G.K., K.S.Z. and J.B.; writing--review and editing, A.H.S. and G.K.; supervision, J.B. and A.N. ; project administration, A.H.S., Z.C. and G.K.; funding acquisition, A.H.S. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. This research was funded by Uj Szecsenyi Terv Gazdasagfejlesztesi Operativ Program (GOP-2.1.1-11/M-2013-2529). The study was approved by the Debrecen University Ethics Committee. Informed Consent Statement: Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study. Data Availability Statement: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.