## 3 Smart5 Grid Platform
### M&O Framework  
The M&O framework is responsible for managing the end-to-end lifecycle of a NetApp deployment. It also provides services to cover all aspects of the complete lifecycle, including onboarding, instantiation, monitoring, scaling, and termination. It is composed of the following components:  
The _NetApp controller_ and _MEC orchestrator (MECO)_ manage the NetApps and MEC servers' lifecycles. This includes NetApp-specific functions like NetApp deployment, migration, termination, set, and forward the required traffic routing rules, but also functions like node (re-)provisioning and configuration. Since this is the component that decides where a NetApp should be deployed, it is usual that the MECO has a broader view than just the edge, and it usually can manage resources ranging from far and near the edge to public and private datacenters. The _slice manager (SM)_ is one of the key elements that guarantees the management and orchestration of the infrastructure resources, as well as the NetApp service deployment, in an agile way. The SM performs the logical partition in each resource offered by the infrastructure owner (5G radio access and core networks, compute, and transport). These logical partitions, simply named a collection of chunks, represent a network slice instance (NSI), which considers the service requirements specified by the customer. In detail, this component allows for the following functionalities:1. The dynamic provisioning of end-to-end network slices, both at the infrastructure level (infrastructure chunks) as well as at the network level (networks chunks), bearing in mind the performance requirements per slice, such as QoS policies. 2. The clients and third parties handle the network slices' lifecycle management (LCM) in an agile manner in terms of commissioning, deployment, fault, and configuration procedures performed over the chunking resources and the network slices (NS). 3. The interaction with the virtual infrastructure manager (VIM) technologies for the management of edge/cloud infrastructures, such as OpenStack, provide better support of multi-tenancy and multi-tier services. In addition, it interacts with ETSI NFV MANO frameworks, such as the open-source NVF management and orchestration (OSM), to coordinate the network services' LCM procedures in a multi-tier model. 4. Seamless and dynamic network service provisioning at the network level by establishing the service chain communication among several network functions, which together describe a NetApp. These NetApps can be distributed along with the multiple infrastructure domains. 5. A flexible interaction with open radio access network (O-RAN) [28] aligned access networks to enable a transparent and dynamic resource orchestration of the multiple wireless devices such as small cells, Wi-Fi networks, and 5 New Radio (NR). The _5G core network (CN) controller_ is responsible for the management and orchestration of the resources of the CN. It tightly collaborates with the SM, and, in certain deployments, it can be de facto realized as a submodule of the SM itself. It implements some functional capabilities that 3 GPP has assigned to the network slice subnet management function (NSSMF) and the network function management function (NFMF) [29; 30]. The management and configuration of radio devices of the 5G network are handled by a dedicated management module called the _radio access network (RAN) controller_. This module, which, depending on its implementation, may be a standalone component or integrated with the SM, exposes the available radio infrastructure to the upper layers of the architecture via its northbound API and enables its configuration and management. The RAN devices of the network are managed over the southbound API of the RAN controller using dedicated protocols. In Smart5 Grid, to manage VNFs and NetApps, it is necessary to focus on two components of the NFV framework.