## 1 Introduction  
In 2021, British Petroleum (BP) released the 2021 World Energy Statistics Yearbook, in which non-renewable resources, such as oil, natural gas, and coal, accounted for an extremely high proportion of energy consumption around the world, reaching 83%. Even in recent years, the whole world has emphasized energy saving and emission reduction, and put forward related concepts such as \"carbon neutrality\" and \"carbon peaking\" to reduce carbon emissions [1,2] The consumption of renewable resources, such as wind and solar energy, has reached a historical peak and only accounts for 6% of the total consumption. Figure 1 shows the proportion of energy consumption in all continents and regions of the world [3]. Especially for developing countries, their dependence on non-renewable resources, such as oil and natural gas, is even more serious. For example, China's consumption of non-renewable energy accounts for as high as 85%, which is higher than the world average. The proportion of energy consumption is shown in Figure 2. It can be seen that human beings are still highly dependent on the utilization of non-renewable resources, such as petrochemicals and oil and gas. People's high dependence on petrochemical resources has led to the gradual depletion of minerals and oil and gas resources in the shallow parts of the earth, and the exploitation of resources needs to continue to go to the deeper parts of the earth [4]. Efficient exploration and accurate assessment of deep oil and gas resources are crucial for their exploitation [5,6]. However, the existing deep resource mining work lacks consideration of the real physical and mechanical parameters and model basis of the core in the deep in situ environment, resulting in failure to achieve safe, efficient and economical deep resource mining and utilization [7]. Therefore, obtaining fidelity cores with deep in situ environmental conditions is of great significance to the exploration and evaluation of deep oil and gas resources [7]. At present, the research and application of fidelity core technology at home and abroad mostly belong to the category of holding pressure, and the fidelity of temperature is rarely involved [8,9]. However, changes in in situ sample temperature will also have a significant impact on rock porosity, permeability, and mechanical properties. The conventional coring technology lacks consideration of insulation, leading to serious deviations in results, affecting the preparation and evaluation of deep resources. It also helps researchers understand the microbial life in the deep subsurface of the Earth [10,11,12]. To find out the laws of the Earth's oil and gas resource storage, it is necessary to overcome the influence of changes in the in situ sample temperature and other occurrences  
Figure 1: Percentage of energy consumption by continents and regions in the world in 2020. Figure 2: Proportion of China’s energy consumption in 2020.  
in the environment on the in situ properties of the rock during the coring process [13]. However, the extreme environment and complicated working conditions deep underground make it extremely difficult to achieve power and data transmission at the bottom of the hole, making it extremely difficult to achieve core temperature fidelity [9]. The research and development of key technologies and equipment for intelligent geological drilling at large depths is one of the necessary means to realize deep exploration [6] In this paper, aiming at the technical difficulties of in situ thermal insulation and coring in deep rocks, the mechanism and technical requirements for in situ thermal insulation and coring in deep rocks are analyzed, and innovative design methods are used to design and optimize the conductive center pole. Based on the independence axiom of axiomatic design and integrating TRIZ conflict resolution theory, the innovative design process of a downhole drilling conductive center rod is established.