# The Potential Role of Timosaponin-AIII in Cancer Prevention and Treatment
## 4 The Anticancer Effects of TSAIII
### Miscellaneous
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Cancer Types** & **Cell Lines** & **Concentrations** & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Key Molecular Targets or**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Effects**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Refs.**} \\ \cline{5-6} Colon cancer & & IC\({}_{50}\) = 6.1 \(\mu\)M, cell cycle & & & \\  & & & GO/G1 and G2/M arrest, & & \\  & & & cyclin A.\(\downarrow\), cyclin B1\(\downarrow\), CDK2\(\downarrow\), & Causes cell & \\  & HCT-15 & 5, 10, 20 \(\mu\)M & CDK4\(\downarrow\), proliferating cell & cycles, inhibits & \\  & & nuclear antigen\(\downarrow\), \(\circ\)-Myc\(\downarrow\), & proliferation, and & \\ Colon cancer & & & Bcl-2\(\downarrow\), Bcl-xL\(\downarrow\), cleaved & induces apoptosis & \\  & & & caspase-3\(\uparrow\), caspase-8\(\uparrow\), & & \\  & & & caspase-9\(\uparrow\), PARP\(\uparrow\) & & \\ \cline{5-6}  & HCT116 & 7.5, 10, 12.5 \(\mu\)M & MID1I\(\uparrow\downarrow\), CNOT2\(\downarrow\), & Inhibits & \\  & HCT116 & 7.5, 10, 12.5 \(\mu\)M & c-Myc\(\downarrow\), c-Myc\(\downarrow\), & proliferation and & \\  & & & caspase-3\(\uparrow\), PARP\(\uparrow\) & induces apoptosis & \\ \hline  & & IC\({}_{50}\) = 15.41 \(\mu\)M, apoptotic & Induces & \\  & & & rate\(\uparrow\), caspase-3\(\uparrow\), & mitochondria & \\  & & & caspase-7\(\uparrow\), caspase-8\(\uparrow\), & mediated and & \\  & & & caspase-9\(\uparrow\), Bcl-2\(\downarrow\), Mcl-1\(\downarrow\), & caspase- & \\ Liver cancer & & & cIAP-1\(\downarrow\), cIAP-2\(\downarrow\), XIAP\(\downarrow\), & dependent & \\  & & & survivin\(\downarrow\), livin\(\downarrow\), & apoptosis & \\ \cline{2-6}  & HepG2 & & & & \\  & MHCC97L & & & & \\  & PLC/PRF/5 & & & & \\  & Hep3B & & & & \\ \hline Nasopharyngeal & & 15 \(\mu\)M TSAIII + 8 & Apoptotic rate\(\uparrow\), Bad\(\uparrow\), & Inhibits & \\ cancer & & Mm PTX & RAP1 GAP\(\uparrow\), Bcl-2\(\downarrow\), & proliferation and & \\  & & & RAP1\(\downarrow\), RasGRP2\(\downarrow\) & induces apoptosis & \\ \hline  & & & \(\beta\)-catenin\(\downarrow\), cyclin D\(\downarrow\), & \\  & U87 MG & 5, 10 \(\mu\)M & Bcl-2\(\downarrow\), PDE5, \(\circ\)6\(\uparrow\), & Inhibits & \\  & & & cGMP\(\uparrow\), PKG\(\uparrow\), & proliferation and & \\  & & & p-VASP-Ser239\(\uparrow\) & & \\ \cline{2-6} Glioma & & & IC\({}_{50}\) = 9.5 and 8.9 \(\mu\)M, & & \\  & GBM8401 and & & & respectively. Cleaved & \\  & M059K & & & caspase-3\(\uparrow\), caspase-9\(\uparrow\), & Induces autophagy & \\  & & & PARP\(\uparrow\), \(\Delta\)P\(\uparrow\)m\(\downarrow\), cyto c\(\uparrow\), & and apoptosis & \\  & & & Mcl-1\(\downarrow\), p62\(\uparrow\), & & \\  & & & LC3-II\(\uparrow\), LAMP1\(\uparrow\) & & \\ \hline  & & & Autophagic flux\(\uparrow\), p62\(\downarrow\), & & \\  & & & LC3-II\(\uparrow\), p7086K\(\downarrow\), & Induces autophagy & [57] \\  & HeLa & & ULK1\(\uparrow\), mTOR\(\downarrow\) & & \\ \cline{2-6} Cervical cancer & & & LC3-II\(\uparrow\), ROS\(\uparrow\), SOD\(\uparrow\), & Induces autophagy, & \\  & & & CAT\(\uparrow\), \(\Delta\)P\(\uparrow\)m\(\downarrow\), cyto & apoptosis, and & \\  & & & c\(\uparrow\), caspase-3\(\uparrow\) & oxidative stress & \\ \hline SiHa, HeLa & 2, 4, 6 \(\mu\)M & migration\(\downarrow\), invasion\(\downarrow\), & \\  & & & uPA\(\downarrow\), p-p38\(\downarrow\), SOX2\(\downarrow\), & Inhibits migration & \\  & & & OCT4\(\downarrow\), CD49\(\downarrow\), Nanog\(\downarrow\) & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: _Cont._