# QoS-Aware Scheduling Algorithm Enabling Video Services in LTE Networks
## 1 Introduction  
Long Term Evolution (LTE) is recommended as a mobile technology since it counters the growing demand for diverse data streaming services and backs an extensive gamut of multimedia and online services, such as Internet TV, file sharing, web browsing, VoIP, wireless sensors, and video streaming, even in high mobility scenarios [1]. LTE has been designed considering downlink transfer technology based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) [2] and by employing different Radio Resource Management (RRM) procedures, with the objective of achieving large bandwidths and higher-level modulation (up to 64 QAM), as well as spatial multiplexing, which can be obtained when there is a high downlink data rate in order to support higher spectral efficiency, reductions in packet delay and Packet Loss Ratio (PLR), and high data rates, compared with previous 3G networks [1, 3]; moreover, it is plausible that it is swiftly moving towards 5G wireless technology [4, 5].  
The users of networks judiciously grade the quality-of-service in terms of throughput, delay, packet loss, and jitter, particularly for time-sensitive web-based services. Due to this, high standards have been implemented for QoS needs in order to enable real-time services that need real-time data [6]. Furthermore, designers and mobile operators face issues when offering QoS sustainably to support different services and applications with a range of QoS requirements [7]. Different applications have varying QoS requirements; however, this research study concentrates on various parameters, including jitter, delay,throughput, and packet loss ratio, as well as making sure that different traffic flows use these requirements, which is also regarded as a key task, taking into account the continuing increase in the number of the network subscribers. Therefore, the delay factor is considered crucial for various multimedia applications, such as video conferences, IPTV, VoIP, and VoLTE. Maintaining this at a specific level has an impact on the transmission delay-jitter in the network, while it also has a considerable effect on the QoS during real-time transmitting. The jitter is regarded to be a key parameter pertaining to QoS on wireless networks that also impacts data flow, which could also result in data packet loss when there is buffer overflow, due to delays in processing the data; this ultimately results in the deterioration of QoS [7]. Thus, to address the issue of various network flows, it is crucial to study the impact of jitter and examine its behaviour. The researchers in [8] pointed out that real-time video transmission through a cellular network still encounters different challenges such as time-varying channel condition and inadequate bandwidth. Meanwhile, web-based video broadcasting is one of the most challenging services in network usage today. In earlier studies, researchers have focused on throughput, delay, and PLR, and used these as the key metrics to design the cellular networks. This research paper accounts for jitter in the LTE network, where a jitter can affect streaming video quality in the case of real-time services, as well as behaviour pertaining to video traffic in popular LTE downlink algorithms. To assess the performance of LTE networks with regards to throughput, delay, packet loss ratio and fairness, Proportional Fairness (PF), Exponential _PF (PF), Exponential Rule (EXP-rule), and Modified Largest Weighted Delay First (MLVDF) were examined._  
The rest of the paper is arranged as follows: Section 2 provides the state of art and Section 3 describes a downlink scheduling strategy in LTE networks. Section 4 presents the implementation of scheduling rules by taking into account jitter value. Section 5 explains the simulations as well as the evaluation of performance. The conclusion is presented in Section 6.