## 3 Results and Discussion
### GC-MS Analysis of Beetroot Extracts  
The GC-MS analysis of the methanolic beetroot extract led to identification of the 17 compounds presented in Figure 3. The active principles of beetroot (taproot) are various components whose compound names, molecular weights, peak areas (%), molecular formulas, and retention times are presented in Table 3. It was found that the most effective constituents of BME were 1-dodecanamine, n,n-dimethyl (43.75%); hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (synonym: palmitic acid, methyl ester) (3.02%); 9-octadecenoic acid (Z)-, methyl ester (2.47%); 9-octadecenoic acid (Z)-(2.32%); 9,12-octadecenoic acid (Z,Z)-, methyl ester (1.89%); n-hexadecanoic acid (1.74%); 9-octadecenoic acid (Z)-, 2-hydroxy-1- (hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester (0.90%); and octadecanoic acid, methyl ester (synonym: methyl stearate) (0.53%) (Table 3). In the ethanolic extract (BEE), 25 chemical constituents were identified (Table 4 and Figure 3), and the most abundant of them were oxirane, methyl- (23.22%); 9-octadecenoic acid (z)-(1.03%); ethanol,2-(9-octadecenyloxy)-, (Z)- (1.81%); cyclopentane acetic acid, 3-oxo-2-pentyl-, methyl ester (2.13%); patohuli alcohol (1.43%); propanal (6.23%); 2H-pyran-3-ol,tetrahydro-2,2,6-trimethyl-6-(4-methyl-3-cyclohexan-1-yl),[3S-[3a, 6a (R*)]]- (5.09%); hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, (10.72%), n-hexadecanoic acid (9-octadecenoic acid (z)-) (7.32%); 11,14-octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester (3.76%); 9-octadecenoic acid (Z)-, methyl ester (5.99%); octadecanoic acid, methyl ester (2.99%); 9,12-octadecadienyl chloride, (Z,Z)-(linoleoyl chloride) (5.35%); hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester (1.49%); hexadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester (1.14%); n-methyl-n-benzyltetradecanamine (2.05%); and 9-octadecenoic acid (Z)-, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester (2.74%). The composition we determined for the methanolic extract corresponded to 86.63% of the entire GC-MS chromatogram, while in case of BEE, it corresponded to 100% of the GC-MS chromatogram curves. Beetroot extracts were found to contain a variety of constituents that may be the cause of their therapeutic potential. 1-dodecanamine, n,n-dimethyl is an antioxidant which acts as a natural or synthetic food preservative against oxidative deterioration during storage and processing due to its high stability and low volatility. It is essential for animal and plant life since it is involved in complex metabolic and signaling mechanisms [46]. Antioxidants have essential roles in deactivation of mycotoxins and avoiding oxidative stress. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [47] evaluated the antioxidant activities of 36 vegetable extracts, using a model system consisting of \(\beta\)-carotene and linoleic acid, and found that the ethanolic extract of beetroot had a high antioxidant activity (>70%). [PERSON] and [PERSON] [48] reported that 1-dodecanamine, n,n-dimethyl, used as a surfactant, could be more active in bacterial protoplast lysis than quaternary ammonium bromide and dodecyl sulfate. [PERSON] et al. [49] noticed that dodecanamine had antifungal and antibacterial effects on many gram-negative or positive bacteria. Consequently, we propose that dodecanamine and/or its derivatives may have antimycotoxigenic activity. The GC-MS analysis of the crude extracts showed some significant compounds that contributed to the taproot antimicrobial activity. These included oleic acid; (Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid; \(n\)-hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester; (Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid; and (E)-9-octadecenoic acid, which are known to have antifungal potential [50; 51]. Additionally, benzyl chloride, detected in BME, is used as a precursor of a wide range of quaternary ammonium derivatives, including benzalkonium chloride, which has a practical antimicrobial application [52]. [PERSON] [53] found that benzalkonium chloride could prevent the growth of _Aspergillus_ spp., _Penicillium_ spp., and _A. alternata_ in inoculated fruits and prevented them from decaying in vitro.