## 4 Conclusions and Future Trends  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE) enabled combined polyphenol extraction and almond skin separation with an efficiency up to +258% comparing to silent extraction. Microscopic study of treated almond skins showed noticeable impact of ultrasound on skin cells, acting through chain de-texturation mechanism respecting the following steps: local erosion, shear forces, sonoporation, and fragmentation. Polyphenol analysis indicated that extracts from almond skins have a high concentration in procyanidins (up to 87%) and isorhamnetin glucosides mainly. Lipid analysis results revealed that ultrasound has no negative effect on almond oils since yields in NA and UA are equal. Electrophoresis and PDI showed a slight difference between amino-acid profile of UA and NA and protein solubility in water. Overall, the results indicated that UAE is an innovative and sustainable process allowing an efficient extraction of polyphenols and skin separation, without any negative effect on almonds proteins and lipids. As a perspective, Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE) could be introduced to the production line, allowing skin separation at room temperature, and leading to a re-use of blanching water, preservation of proteins and oils quality towards eco-friendlier and green industries such as cosmetics, agriculture and pharmacy. In this article, we give an example of potential success story in food processing which could respond to these challenges of this 21 st century for enhancing nutritional quality, to reduce energy and unit operations for processing, eliminating wastes and by-products, reduction of water use, and more important, eliminating hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition worldwide.  
**Supplementary Materials:** The following are available online at [[http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/10/3628/s1](http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/10/3628/s1)]([http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/10/3628/s1](http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/10/3628/s1)), **Figure S1:** Comparison between SDS-PAGE protein profiles of NA, BA and UA under non-reduced conditions and reduced conditions. **Figure S2:** Experimental versus predicted extraction kinetics of phenolics from almonds. sonication; non-sonication. The solid line denoted to the diffusional model. Figure S3. UPLC chromatograms of the compounds resulting from the phylolynolysis of UA, NUA, BA and NA extracts. A: Phrologiculon-Catechin + Phrologiculon-Epiatechin; B: Catechin; C: Epiatechin. **Table S1:** p-values' for the effects (A: temperature; B: Ultrasonic Intensity). **Table S2:** De value for phenolics during extraction and fitness of diffusional model  
**Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, M.T., A.R., and F.C.; methodology, M.T., Y.T., C.G., I.B., N.R., A.R., and F.C.; software, M.T., Y.T., C.G., I.B., N.R., A.R., and F.C.; validation, M.T., Y.T., C.G., I.B., N.R., A.R., and F.C.; formal analysis, M.T., Y.T., C.G., I.B., N.R., A.R., and F.C.; investigation M.T., Y.T., C.G., I.B., N.R., A.R., and F.C.; resources M.T., Y.T., C.G., I.B., N.R., A.R., and F.C.; data curation, M.T., Y.T., C.G., I.B., N.R., A.R., and F.C.; writing-original draft preparation, M.T., Y.T., C.G., I.B., N.R., A.R., and F.C.; writing-review and editing, M.T., Y.T., C.G., I.B., N.R., A.R., and F.C.; supervision, A.R., and F.C.; project administration, A.R., and F.C.; funding acquisition, A.R. and F.C. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
**Funding:** This research received no external funding.  
**Acknowledgments:** Part of this work was supported by the microscopy facilities of the Platform 3A, funded by the European Regional Development Fund, the French Ministry of Research, Higher Education and Innovation, the Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur region, the Departmental Council of Vaucluse and the Urban Community of Avignon.  
Figure 6: Distribution of phenolics within almond skins during extraction.