## 1 Introduction  
The combination of IoT with Artificial Intelligence (AI), known as Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT), has become an emerging means to digitize manufacturing industries in the context of Industry 4.0. AIoT-based solutions offer numerous benefits in terms of efficiency, waste reduction and safety [1]. These technologies are being successfully used in different industrial manufacturing processes as discussed in [2]. IoT applications typically separate processing into three layers, known as fog/edge/cloud computing [3], which must be adequately integrated [4]. Although the adoption of AIoT technologies has proven benefits in manufacturing processes, particularly in terms of productivity and flexibility, the aeronautical industry is finding more difficulties in the digitization of the aeronautical chain of production and certification. The aeronautical industry is, in general, traditional and conservative, mainly due to the high safety and reliability requirements. In order to maintain the certified safety levels, changes in the current procedures and methodologies are carried out very gradually, since they have to be verified under a long list of safety criteria and must pass through evaluation tests again. As identified by [5], (1) the aeronautical sector uses a strong hierarchy of subcontractors at different levels; (2) it is weakly automated, since it requires low production volumes and complex manufacturing and (3) the production program of commercial aircraft is profitable over an average of 10 years or more. The readiness levels of diverse Industry 4.0 technologies as applied to aircraft manufacturing are analyzed in [6], which identifies IoT as a key technology. Aircraft manufacturing involves numerous certification tests in order to ensure the high reliability and safety of all components. Diverse standardized tests are carried out on the aircraft materials and components, to evaluate their mechanical, chemical and fire resistance properties [7]. Frequently, the standards defined by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) are accepted as a reference for different Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs). The requirements for the certification of parts, components and subcomponents are specific for each aircraft model. These requirements are defined and analyzed in order to satisfy the required safety measures by companies with Design Organization Approval (DOA) as well as the responsible aeronautical authorities, such as the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) in Europe, Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in USA and Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) in China. Aeronautical components are certified by means of very rigorous tests that evaluate and validate the mechanical requirements of the components following the so-called test pyramid. Both theoretical analysis, based on the Finite Element Method (FEM), and experimental analysis, carried out in certified laboratories, are used to certify the aeronautical parts [8]. Experimental tests over the tested specimens require monitoring correctly diverse physical magnitudes, such as deformations, displacements and temperatures (e.g., [9]). For each specific test, the accuracy and uncertainty levels are set by the DOA. Data acquired during structural health tests are sent to processing centers for control, analysis and storage purposes. However, the traditional approach has a wide margin for improvement in terms of efficiency, time reduction and data analysis capacity. Typically, sensors are connected by means of wires.