## 1 Introduction
### Previous Studies
Using a local thermal comfort standard as a reference, the e-Quest simulation software was used to simulate the effects of the equipment on cooling and heating, and the reduction in energy consumption was calculated. In winter, the suitable operating temperature range for the device was 15.0 \({}^{\circ}\)C to 17.7 \({}^{\circ}\)C. [PERSON] et al. [34] classified the passive cooling technologies of buildings in detail and introduced their functions, application scopes, and latest development status. They indicated how the cooling load and room temperature affected the passive cooling technology. The results showed that the reasonable use of passive cooling technology could ensure the indoor thermal comfort of the building, while effectively reducing the indoor cooling load. [PERSON] et al. [35] used specific experiments and numerical studies to reset a residential ventilation rate and solar chimney design parameters and determined the relationship between the earth-air heat exchanger geometric specifications, pressure, and climatic conditions. Taking Egyptian houses as the main research object, they simulated passive cooling, heating, and ventilation of the rooms. Based on a \"TRNSYS\" simulation, they found that this correlation could be used to calculate the indoor temperature and load, making it easier for buildings to reach the conditions required for thermal comfort and reducing the building energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. [PERSON] et al. [36] proposed a new ventilation strategy for museum buildings based on combining active and passive ventilation so as to comprehensively improve the ventilation efficiency of a museum and used a computational fluid dynamics simulation to verify it. The results showed that even on the coldest day of winter, the building could still meet the temperature requirements for thermal comfort. Regarding the passive ventilation of buildings, [PERSON] et al. [37] proposed a passive device that used solar energy as the main source of power for passively generating power and improving the ventilation efficiency. The system consisted of a solar photovoltaic system including a chimney and solar distiller. Based on experiments, and using the heat energy obtained by the new equipment, the indoor air was found to change an average of 12 times per hour. The average daily air intake speed as measured on the window was 0.14 m/s. Compared with an independent photovoltaic system, the electrical efficiency of the photovoltaic system in the building-integrated passive solar energy technology increased from 4% to 17%. The solar static performance of the integrated system increased from 3% to 11%. [PERSON] et al. [38] proposed a new type of solar chimney system for improving the ventilation efficiency of tropical buildings, meeting the corresponding thermal comfort requirements, and managing energy reasonably. It was determined that the new system, as combined with solar chimneys, had an indoor impact in a well-ventilated state. Under the action of the new system, the indoor wind turbines were controlled to change the airflow rate. [PERSON] et al. [39] proposed that a variable air volume system could be used to dynamically optimize night ventilation (NV) and active building air conditioning in an integrated operation. They established a physical model based on differential-algebraic equations, introduced a configuration method to form a nonlinear program, and then used the \"General Algebraic Modeling Language\" platform to process the solver using the \"Interior Point Optimizer.\" The research results showed that relative to the scheme without NV, using this method could save 23.19-49.31% of the energy consumption under different climatic conditions and could save 14.97-39.70% of energy consumption relative to the NV scheme. After a glass roof receives direct solar radiation in winter, it can effectively enhance the heat storage capacity of the courtyard, and the heat stored in the courtyard can be used to heat rooms adjacent to the courtyard [40]. [PERSON] et al.