# Staining-Independent Malaria Parasite Detection and Life Stage Classification in Blood Smear Images
## 4 Experimental Results
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{**MP-IDB (_P. vivax_) Dataset**} & **Precision** & **Recall** & **F1-Score** & **Accuracy** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Direct cropping} & Red blood cell & 1.00 & 1.00 & 1.00 & \multirow{4}{*}{0.95} \\  & Ring & 0.97 & 0.96 & 0.97 & \\  & Trophozoite & 0.90 & 0.90 & 0.91 & \\  & Schizomet & 0.95 & 0.97 & 0.96 & \\  & Gameetocyte & 0.96 & 0.94 & 0.94 & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Zero padding} & Red blood cell & 1.00 & 1.00 & 1.00 & \multirow{4}{*}{0.93} \\  & Ring & 0.89 & 0.98 & 0.95 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Trophozoite & 0.87 & 0.93 & 0.90 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Schizomet & 0.99 & 0.91 & 0.95 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Gameetocyte & 1.00 & 0.89 & 0.94 & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Cropping with Background} & Red blood cell & 1.00 & 1.00 & 1.00 & \multirow{4}{*}{0.93} \\  & Ring & 0.86 & 0.84 & 0.84 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Trophozoite & 0.96 & 0.94 & 0.95 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Schizomet & 0.85 & 0.84 & 0.84 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Gameetocyte & 0.99 & 0.94 & 0.97 & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 6: Malaria parasite life stage classification results on MP-IDB (_P. vivax_) dataset. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{2}{c}{**MP-IDB (_P. oval_) Dataset**} & **Precision** & **Recall** & **F1-Score** & **Accuracy** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Direct cropping} & Red blood cell & 1.00 & 0.97 & 0.99 & \multirow{4}{*}{0.93} \\  & Ring & 0.97 & 1.00 & 0.98 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Trophozoite & 0.84 & 0.85 & 0.85 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Schizomet & 0.92 & 0.89 & 0.99 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Gameetocyte & 0.92 & 0.94 & 0.93 & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Zero padding} & Red blood cell & 1.00 & 0.97 & 0.98 & \multirow{4}{*}{0.87} \\  & Ring & 0.96 & 0.98 & 0.96 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Prophozoite & 0.76 & 0.72 & 0.74 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Schizomet & 0.77 & 0.78 & 0.77 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Gameetocyte & 0.87 & 0.91 & 0.88 & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Cropping with Background} & Red blood cell & 0.96 & 0.99 & 0.97 & \multirow{4}{*}{0.92} \\  & Ring & 0.93 & 0.89 & 0.91 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Prophozoite & 0.81 & 0.80 & 0.81 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Schizomet & 0.91 & 0.90 & 0.90 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Gameetocyte & 1.00 & 0.97 & 0.99 & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 7: Malaria parasite life stage classification results on MP-IDB (_P. oval_) dataset. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **MBB Dataset** & **Precision** & **Recall** & **F1-Score** & **Accuracy** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Direct cropping} & Red blood cell & 0.99 & 0.98 & 0.99 & \multirow{4}{*}{0.93} \\  & Ring & 0.91 & 0.92 & 0.91 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Trophozoite & 0.84 & 0.80 & 0.82 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Schizomet & 0.93 & 0.94 & 0.93 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Gameetocyte & 0.92 & 0.97 & 0.94 & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Zero padding} & Red blood cell & 0.98 & 1.00 & 0.99 & \multirow{4}{*}{0.92} \\  & Ring & 0.91 & 0.89 & 0.90 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Prophozoite & 0.82 & 0.76 & 0.79 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Schizomet & 0.89 & 0.93 & 0.91 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Gameetocyte & 0.91 & 0.95 & 0.93 & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Cropping with Background} & Red blood cell & 0.96 & 0.99 & 0.97 & \multirow{4}{*}{0.92} \\  & Ring & 0.93 & 0.89 & 0.91 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Prophozoite & 0.81 & 0.80 & 0.81 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Schizomet & 0.91 & 0.90 & 0.90 & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Gameetocyte & 1.00 & 0.97 & 0.99 & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Malaria parasite life stage classification results on MBB dataset. The first malaria parasite detection results are for the MBB dataset using different preprocessing methods when each input color image was preprocessed by 1 of the 5 methods in the color space, and then each output was converted into a grayscale image. As shown in Table 2, the proposed detection method achieves precision, recall, F1-score, and accuracy scores of 0.97, 0.94, 0.95, and 0.92, respectively, on the test set of the MBB dataset when the CLAHE was applied as the preprocessing method.