# The Future of the Human-Machine Interface (HMI) in Society 5.0
## 1 Introduction  
Industry 5.0 (I5.0) [1] is a subset of the larger concept of Society 5.0 (S5.0) [2], which envisions a super-smart and intelligent human-centered society that leverages advanced technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), robotics, and eXtended Reality (XR) for addressing a plethora of societal problems. Industry 5.0 specifically focuses on the application of these technologies in manufacturing and production systems to enable more efficient human-robot collaboration (HRC) [3]. More specifically, I5.0 is an upcoming manufacturing concept that aims to improve collaboration between humans and robots by promoting the use of human-machine interfaces (HMI) in manufacturing systems and production networks [4]. This involves utilizing advanced technologies such as cloud computing, 5G networks, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and digital twins (DTs) for the design of more robust decision making frameworks for engineers. Automation and robotics are key areas of focus in the development of smart factories, which are enabled by various information and communication technologies (ICTs), infrastructure, and control systems such as smart machinery, cyber-physical machine tools (CPMTs), robotics, and processes in factories [5]. The concept of a Humachine, as has been mentioned, emphasizes the integration of humans and machines, leveraging the strengths of both to enhance their overall capabilities. To improve human-machine interaction (HMI), it is essential to understand the distinct characteristics and capabilities of each. Humans possess certain abilities that machines do not, such as creativity, intuition, empathy, and common sense. Humans can understand complex situations and respond to them appropriately, whereas machines can only respond based on pre-programmed instructions. Humans can also learn and adapt to new situations quickly, while machines require training and reprogramming. On the other hand, machines have some advantages over humans, such as processing speed, accuracy, and consistency. Machines can handle vast amounts of data and perform complexcalculations much faster than humans. They are also not subject to human limitations such as fatigue, boredom, and emotional bias. Therefore, in order to address these challenges and improve HMI, new ways to combine the strengths of humans and machines have to be found. For example, machines can assist humans in performing repetitive and time-consuming tasks, freeing up time for humans to focus on more creative and strategic work. Machines can also analyze and process data, presenting it to humans in a way that is easy to understand and use [6]. To achieve this, the development of more advanced Machine Learning algorithms and Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies that can mimic human decision-making processes is necessary. Further to that, it is important to improve the design of HMIs, making them more intuitive, user-friendly, and able to provide real-time feedback and guidance. To that end, this paper deals with the Humachine concept and emphasizes the integration of humans and machines, combining their strengths to improve the overall performance of manufacturing processes and systems.