## 2 Related Works  
The exploration of reliability in communication systems within the scope of the RED/BLACK equipment domains, intersects various fields, including aviation communication, information security, and reliability engineering. This Section reviews relevant research that contributes to the foundation and context of this study. Issues of reliability of ATC are very important for the safety of flights. The chapter [4] describes a system for air traffic management (ATM), designed to manage multiple flight trajectories simultaneously for safe and efficient air traffic flow. The paper [5] addresses the challenges of data exchange in the ATM system, particularly as air traffic volumes increase, impacting the interoperability between the ATM system and its data sources. The study [6] introduces a comprehensive model to assess air traffic network reliability, considering connectivity, travel time, and capacity aspects. Applying this model to the air traffic network reveals a reliable system, identifying key operational strengths and areas for improvement, which is valuable for future traffic planning and management. The novel semantic-based searchable encryption scheme for enhancing data security in the aviation industry, addressing the vulnerability of unencrypted aircraft communications and flight data is introduced in [7]. The proposed solution, rigorously analyzed for security and efficiency, is effective for text-level encryption and is tested with a real-world aviation dataset, demonstrating its potential for secure, privacy-preserving, and lightweight data protection against distinguishability attacks in the aviation sector. The study [8] examines the security vulnerabilities in aviation communication systems, particularly the controller-pilot data link communications (CPDLC), in the face of increasing hacking risks. It assesses CPDLC's technological aspects to construct a threat model and suggests several solutions for enhancing the security of data messaging in ATM. The paper explores the potential of elliptical curve cryptography, protected aircraft communications addressing and reporting systems, and the Host Identity Protocol as countermeasures. Additionally, it evaluates identity-defined networking as a comprehensive security solution that would necessitate global changes in air traffic communication systems. The paper [9] addresses the security vulnerabilities in automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) data transmission within communications, navigation, and surveillance/air traffic management (CNS/ATM) systems. It proposes a security framework that employs simple public key infrastructure certificates for ADS-B sensor authorization and symmetric cryptography for encrypting data between ADS-B sensors and ATC. This framework includes an ADS-B sensor authentication module, an encrypted data processing module, and an ADS-B sensor information management module. By implementing this framework, the CNS/ATM system can effectively counter security threats like ground station flood denial, ghost injection, and data modification. Mission-critical communications of ATM are discussed in [10]. The paper outlines the increasing risks of communication failure in busier airports and complex ATM environments. It emphasizes the importance of real-time, deterministic CNS/ATM information transmission for aircraft safety and operational efficiency. The optimization of radio resources in aviation has been the subject of numerous studies. The study [11] addresses enhancing reliability in ATM communication systems by proposing a dynamic distribution of communication equipment across channels. It contrasts this approach with traditional redundancy methods, using a mathematical model for channel reliability and comparative analysis in real ATM conditions. The report [12] outlines the development and evaluation of a prototype internet protocol-based voice communication system for ATC, designed to connect controllers with pilots via radio.