## 3 Results
### Body Composition  
A cohort of 54 Caucasian male patients, divided into two groups, was enrolled: the ccRCCC-VHL group composed of ccRCCC patients with VHL gene mutation (\(n\) = 41; mean age: 57.1, range: 40-77) and the ccRCCC-TTN group composed of ccRCC patients with TTN gene mutation (\(n\) = 13; mean age 633, range 40-77). In the ccRCCC-TTN group, five patients had concomitant VHL mutation. No patient of the ccRCCC-VHL group had TTN gene mutation. No differences were found between the ages of the ccRCCC-VHL and ccRCCC-TTN groups. Descriptive data of ccRCCC-VHL group and ccRCCC-TTN group are listed in Tables 1 and 2.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline
**Sex** & **Male (41)** \\ \hline Mean age; range & 57.1; 40–77 (41) \\ \hline Ethnicity & Caucasian (40) \\ Hispanic (1) \\ \hline Histology & ccRCC (41) \\ \hline History of other malignancy & No (30) \\  & Yes (11) \\ \hline History of neoadjuvant treatment & No (38) \\  & Yes (3) \\ \hline  & T1N0M0 (1) \\  & T1 aN0M0 (3) \\  & T1 aNXM0 (12) \\  & T1 aNXM1 (1) \\  & T1 bN0M0 (3) \\  & T1 bNXM0 (7) \\  & T2N0M0 (3) \\ Staging & T2 NXM0 (1) \\  & T2 NxM0 (1) \\  & T3 aN0M0 (1) \\  & T3 aNXM0 (2) \\  & T3 aNXM1 (1) \\  & T3 bNXM0 (1) \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: Descriptive data of ccRCCC-VHL group.  
Figure 4: Kaplan-Meier curves showing statistically significant difference (\(p\) < 0.05) of survival between high TTN expression and low/medium TTN expression (respectively red curve and blue curve).  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline
**Sex** & **Male (13)** \\ \hline Mean age; range & 63.3; 40–77 (13) \\ \hline Ethnicity & Caucasian (13) \\ \hline Histology & ccRCC (13) \\ \hline History of other malignancy & No (8) \\  & Yes (5) \\ \hline History of neoadjuvant treatment & No (12) \\  & Yes (1) \\ \hline  & T1 aN0M0 (1) \\  & T1 aNXM0 (5) \\  & T1 bN0M0 (1) \\ Staging & T1 bNXM0 (1) \\  & T2 NXM0 (1) \\  & T3 aN0M0 (2) \\  & T3 bNXM0 (2) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} Statistically significant differences (i.e., decrease in the ccRCC-TTN group) between the ccRCC-VHL group and the ccRCC-TTN group were obtained for the TAT area (\(p\) < 0.01), VAT area (\(p\) = 0.02), SAT area (\(p\) = 0.01) and TAM area (\(p\) = 0.01) (Table 3 and Figure 5). No statistically significant differences were obtained between the two groups for VAT/SAT ratio. The full results are listed in Table 3 and Figure 5. Examples of CT cases are provided in Figure 6.  
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **TAT Area (cm\({}^{2}\))** & **VAT Area (cm\({}^{2}\))** & **SAT Area (cm\({}^{2}\))** & **TAM Area (cm\({}^{2}\))** & **VAT/SAT Ratio** \\ \hline ccRCC-VHL group & 479.8 & 254.4 & 225.3 & 166.8 & 1.2 \\ (mean, range and & 158.7–914.7 & 40.7–505.1 & 64.6–632.1 & 76.3–219.2 & 0.3–2.7 \\ standard deviation) & 200.5 & 113.6 & 119.6 & 32.2 & 0.6 \\ \hline ccRCC-TTN group & 305.8 & 169.5 & 136.3 & 140.9 & 1.2 \\ (mean, range and & 97.3–583.8 & 18–410 & 66.7–280.4 & 91–200.5 & 0.2–2.3 \\ standard deviation) & 150.8 & 110.6 & 57.8 & 30.7 & 0.6 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 3: Mean of the ccRCC-VHL group and ccRCC-TTN group and Student’s t-test results.  
Figure 5: Bar chart with error bars showing a significant difference of mean values of TAT, SAT, VAT and TAM areas between ccRCC-VHL group and ccRCC-TTN group.  
Tables 1 and 2 show the descriptive data of the two groups.