# Optimization of Slotted Steel Plate Shear Walls Based on Adaptive Genetic Algorithm
## 5 Conclusions  
This paper proposes an improved adaptive genetic algorithm (IAGA) that incorporates an elitism strategy to effectively address the local optimum problem inherent in basic genetic algorithms while accelerating the convergence speed. Utilizing the finite element analysis platform ABAQUS, the proposed IAGA was implemented to optimize the slit configurations in 14 steel frame-slotted steel plate shear wall systems. Subsequent numerical analyses were conducted to investigate the mechanical performance of the optimized systems, with a particular emphasis on identifying the optimal slit configuration that maximizes the ductility performance while maintaining the required lateral stiffness. The following key conclusions can be drawn:  
1. The improved adaptive genetic algorithm demonstrates superior computational efficiency and significantly reduces the susceptibility to local optima entrapment, particularly advantageous for structural optimization applications. This enhanced algorithm offers adaptable parameter customization to accommodate diverse engineering requirements. 2. For slotted steel plate shear walls, two-side connection configurations with a reduced plate thickness (0.75-1.25 mm range) prove more mechanically favorable than thicker alternatives. In frames with aspect ratios below 2:1, the embedded slotted steel plates \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **Story Drift (\%)** & **0.25** & **0.5** & **1** & **1.5** & **2** & **2.5** & **3** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{SPSW} & Equivalent Viscous Damping & 0.01 & 8.04 & 30.17 & 30.62 & 30.09 & - & - \\  & Energy Consumption (k) & 0.02 & 35.54 & 283.15 & 367.46 & 488.47 & - & - \\  & Equivalent Viscous Damping & 0.00 & 0.00 & 6.80 & 17.19 & 25.48 & 30.69 & 35.81 \\  & Energy Consumption (k) & 0.00 & 0.01 & 19.68 & 85.62 & 188.25 & 293.66 & 439.91 \\  & Equivalent Viscous Damping & 0.00 & 0.01 & 4.35 & 15.18 & 23.50 & 29.26 & 34.01 \\  & Energy Consumption (k) & 0.00 & 0.01 & 11.33 & 71.85 & 165.72 & 277.31 & 410.87 \\  & Equivalent Viscous Damping & 0.17 & 2.34 & 11.87 & 21.15 & 27.34 & 30.71 & 34.37 \\  & Energy Consumption (k) & 0.06 & 2.77 & 44.23 & 132.03 & 247.53 & 352.96 & 488.22 \\  & Equivalent Viscous Damping & 0.21 & 2.32 & 9.26 & 18.86 & 26.40 & 30.80 & 34.28 \\  & Energy Consumption (k) & 0.05 & 2.27 & 28.08 & 100.86 & 212.07 & 325.04 & 444.42 \\  & Equivalent Viscous Damping & 0.40 & 4.95 & 9.61 & 18.77 & 25.66 & 30.77 & 33.70 \\  & Energy Consumption (k) & 0.11 & 2.43 & 30.62 & 104.35 & 210.70 & 343.16 & 451.31 \\  & Equivalent Viscous Damping & 0.10 & 1.72 & 10.41 & 20.63 & 26.11 & 29.54 & 32.93 \\  & Energy Consumption (k) & 0.03 & 1.93 & 39.51 & 130.73 & 229.82 & 334.17 & 458.18 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Equivalent viscous damping ratios and energy consumption. should account for 30-40% of the total lateral stiffness, with a particular emphasis on maintaining this proportion through proper slot geometry optimization. 3. Notable disparities exist in the post-buckling behavior and load-transfer mechanisms between the two-side and four-side connection configurations. The two-side connection enables controlled yielding and plastic hinge formation at the slot terminals, effectively leveraging the slotted configuration's inherent deformation characteristics. While this design introduces an intentional stiffness reduction (approximately 15-20% compared to solid walls), it achieves remarkable displacement performance enhancements: a 35-50% increase in the yield displacement and a 60-75% improvement in the ultimate displacement. Furthermore, the system achieves 2-3 times higher ductility coefficients and demonstrates 120-150% greater energy dissipation capacity compared to its conventional non-slotted counterparts, serving as reliable energy-dissipating components in seismic-resistant systems. Methodology, J.H. ([PERSON]); Validation, L.W. and J.H. ([PERSON]); Formal analysis, L.W. and Z.H. ; Investigation, L.W. ; Data curation, J.H. ([PERSON]); Writing--original draft, Z.H.