# Therapeutic Potential of Chrysin in Improving Bone Health
## 3 Results
### Effect of Therapeutic Interventions on Urinary Calcium, Magnesium, and Phosphorus Levels  
The study showed a significant (\(p<0.05\)) surge in the excretion of urinary calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus levels in vitamin-D-deficient, diet-treated animals when compared with normal animals. This hinted toward the increased excretion of calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus, which coincides with the decreased availability in the serum. A significant (\(p<0.05\)) decline in the excretion of urinary parameters was found in the groups treated with chrysin along with other treatment combinations, i.e., groups III, IV, V, and VI, when compared with the vitamin-D-deficient diet groups (Table 2). \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Parameters** & **Body Weight (gm)** & **Calcium (mg/dL)** & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Phosphorus (mg/dL)**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Magnesium (mg/dL)**} & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**ALP (mg/dL)**} \\ \hline
**Days** & **7 th** & **28 th** & **7 th** & **28 th** & **7 th** & **28 th** & **7 th** & **28 th** & **7 th** & **28 th** \\ \hline Group I & 167.9 \(\pm\) & 166.6 \(\pm\) & 7.24 \(\pm\) & 9.83 \(\pm\) & 11.19 \(\pm\) & 11.53 \(\pm\) & 1.87 \(\pm\) & 1.76 \(\pm\) & 17.04 \(\pm\) & 17.52 \(\pm\) \\  & 0.91 & 2.22 & 0.38 \(\pm\) & 0.55 & 1.00 \(\pm\) & 0.58 & 0.28 & 0.28 & 0.91 & 1.88 \\ \hline Group II & 162.4 \(\pm\) & 155 \(\pm\) & 7.24 \(\pm\) & 9.60 \(\pm\) & 9.024 \(\pm\) & 9.12 \(\pm\) & 1.34 \(\pm\) & 1.16 \(\pm\) & 19.26 \(\pm\) & 29.63 \(\pm\) \\  & 1.24 \(\pm\) & 1.92 \(\pm\) & 0.39 & 0.68 & 0.98 \(\pm\) & 0.61 \(\pm\) & 0.41 & 0.27 \(\pm\) & 0.63 \(\pm\) & 1.74 \(\pm\) \\ \hline Group III & 156.66 \(\pm\) & 162.5 \(\pm\) & 7.29 \(\pm\) & 11.12 \(\pm\) & 9.98 \(\pm\) & 10.2 \(\pm\) & 1.66 \(\pm\) & 1.98 \(\pm\) & 17.45 \(\pm\) & 15.31 \(\pm\) \\  & 2.1 \({}^{\ast}\) & 0.96 \({}^{\ast}\) & 0.47 \({}^{\ast}\) & 0.34 \({}^{\ast}\) & 0.66 & 0.52 \({}^{\ast}\) & 0.32 & 0.18 \({}^{\ast}\) & 0.58 \({}^{\ast}\) & 1.45 \({}^{\ast}\) \\ \hline Group IV & 161.6 \(\pm\) & 156.66 \(\pm\) & 7.50 \(\pm\) & 11.63 \(\pm\) & 10.08 \(\pm\) & 11.81 \(\pm\) & 2.06 \(\pm\) & 2.18 \(\pm\) & 17.83 \(\pm\) & 16.51 \(\pm\) \\  & 1.04 & 1.24 & 0.85 \({}^{\ast}\) & 1.14 \({}^{\ast}\) & 0.96 \({}^{\ast}\) & 0.78 \({}^{\ast}\) & 0.25 \({}^{\ast}\) & 0.35 \({}^{\ast}\) & 0.84 & 1.53 \({}^{\ast}\) \\ \hline Group V & 173.3 \(\pm\) & 165 \(\pm\) & 7.69 \(\pm\) & 11.56 \(\pm\) & 9.84 \(\pm\) & 12.08 \(\pm\) & 1.67 \(\pm\) & 2.01 \(\pm\) & 17.92 \(\pm\) & 15.15 \(\pm\) \\  & 0.96 \({}^{\ast}\) & 2.35 \({}^{\ast}\) & 0.84 \({}^{\ast}\) & 0.51 \({}^{\ast}\) & 0.72 \({}^{\ast}\) & 0.85 \({}^{\ast}\) & 0.35 \({}^{\ast}\) & 0.24 \({}^{\ast}\) & 0.12 & 1.30 \({}^{\ast}\) \\ \hline Group VI & 162.85 \(\pm\) & 171.6 \(\pm\) & 7.55 \(\pm\) & 12.53 \(\pm\) & 10.95 \(\pm\) & 12.04 \(\pm\) & 1.95 \(\pm\) & 2.08 \(\pm\) & 17.63 \(\pm\) & 13.50 \(\pm\) \\  & 2.51 & 2.63 \({}^{\ast}\) & 0.32 \({}^{\ast}\) & 0.43 \({}^{\ast}\) & 0.83 \({}^{\ast}\) & 0.83 \({}^{\ast}\) & 0.41 \({}^{\ast}\) & 0.28 \({}^{\ast}\) & 0.49 & 1.37 \({}^{\ast}\) \\ \hline  & & & & & & & & & & \\ \end{tabular} Note: Data are expressed as the mean \(\pm\) SD (\(n=6\)), analyzed by two-way ANOVA followed by [PERSON]’s multiple comparison test. \({}^{\ast}=p<0.05\) is considered statistically significant when comparing group, I (normal) vs. group II (diet control group). \({}^{\ast}=p<0.05\) is considered statistically significant when compared with the other treatment groups (group II, IV, V, and VI) vs. diet control group.  
\end{table} 
Table 1: Effect of therapeutic interventions on body weight, serum calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and alkaline phosphatases (ALP) levels. Effect of Therapeutic Interventions on Bone Ash Parameters Such as Asl Weight, Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium  
Among all the bone ash parameters, the disease control (group II) showed a significant (\(p<0.05\)) decrease in ash weight and calcium levels, which indicates a decrease in bone calcification and bone formation.