# Comprehensive Optimization of Air Quality in Kitchen Based on Auxiliary Evaluation Indicators
## 1 Introduction
In contrast, when both supply and return air were located on the same side, indoor-outdoor air exchange efficiency significantly declined. Zhang et al. [19] investigated the optimization of make-up air and exhaust rates in commercial kitchens with multiple cookers. Using CFD simulations validated by field tests, the research identifies the optimal make-up air distribution method, which can reduce exhaust rates by up to 20%. Zhang et al. [20] analyzed thermal comfort in kitchens using an air-conditioned range hood. By optimizing airflow distribution, the study improves cooling efficiency and reduces heat exposure during cooking. Li et al. [21] examined the impact of a three-sided slit make-up air system on thermal comfort and air quality in low-energy buildings. The results show that the system reduces PM2.5 and TVOC concentrations while improving temperature control. Optimal operating parameters for pollutant control are also identified, offering insights for improving ventilation in air-tight kitchens. Song et al. [22] proposed an exhaust hood with air-filled slots to enhance pollutant capture efficiency. Through numerical simulations and experiments, it determines the optimal slot width and jet velocity for effective pollutant removal. The findings help optimize kitchen exhaust systems, improving indoor air quality and reducing exposure to cooking emissions. Liu et al. [23] presented a novel local ventilation strategy to enhance air quality in residential kitchens by reducing PM2.5 exposure. The study explores factors affecting system performance using CFD simulations and finds that optimized air supply and exhaust configurations can significantly improve pollutant capture efficiency while minimizing occupant exposure. Xie et al. [24] presented a combined range hood and air cleaner system to enhance kitchen air quality and energy efficiency. Simulation and experimental results show that the system effectively reduces PM2.5 and TVOC concentrationswhile saving energy compared to conventional exhaust-only ventilation. The findings contribute to the design of more effective kitchen ventilation solutions. Wu et al. [25] utilized CFD and a human thermoregulation model to evaluate thermal comfort under different kitchen ventilation modes. Their results show that mechanical ventilation with air curtains significantly improves thermal conditions, reducing temperature fluctuations and increasing comfort by 42%. The findings help optimize ventilation strategies for kitchens in varying climates. Although previous studies have made significant progress in evaluating IAQ, many have focused on either thermal comfort or pollutant dispersion in isolation, without integrating multiple IAQ factors [26; 27]. Additionally, research specifically addressing enclosed kitchens with high-pollutant cooking methods remains scarce. Most studies have examined office spaces, bedrooms, or industrial settings, which differ significantly from residential kitchens in terms of pollutant sources, ventilation patterns, and human exposure levels. Given the growing health concerns associated with indoor air pollution, an integrated approach considering airflow distribution, pollutant concentration, and human comfort is essential to develop optimized ventilation strategies for domestic kitchens [28]. This study introduces a novel methodology for assessing and optimizing kitchen IAQ through combined experimental testing and numerical simulations. Its primary innovation is the development of a comprehensive auxiliary evaluation index, Q, which integrates key IAQ indicators: COFP and CO2 concentrations, thermal comfort (PMV), and airflow distribution effectiveness (ADPI). Furthermore, the research explores ventilation optimization by analyzing the impact of air supply angles and airflow rates on pollutant removal efficiency. By establishing this holistic IAQ assessment framework and proposing targeted ventilation strategies, this work provides a foundation for improving IAQ in kitchens.