## 3 Results
### LC-MS Profiling of the F. hystrix Root Extract
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**No. **} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**t, min**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**ESI-MS, \(m/z\)**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Compound [Ref. ]**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**IL \({}^{\ast}\)**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Content, mg/g**} \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{**12**} & \multirow{3}{*}{8.63} & 639 [M+K]\({}^{+}\), 623 [M+Na]\({}^{+}\), 607 [M+Li]\({}^{+}\), 601 [M+H]\({}^{+}\), 559 & & &  
The largest coumarin group found in the _F. Instrrix_ root (i.e., vaginidiol derivatives) includes 28 members. Unsubstituted vaginidiol (**18**) was identified after a comparison of its spectral parameters with that of the reference substance, and it has been previously found in an _F. Instrrix_ of Mongolian origin [22]. Two unknown vaginidiol O-pentosyl-O-hexosides, **4** and **5**, with \(m/z\) 557 [47], the known glycosole apterin (vaginidiol 1\({}^{\prime}\)-O-glucoside, **10**) [54], and the unknown vaginidiol O-acetyl-O-hexoside (**17**) with m/z 467, are new phytcomponents of _F. Instrrix_. The remaining vaginidiol derivatives are mono- and diesters of acetic, angelic/senecic, and isovaleric/2-methylburric acids, methanol, and ethanol, and they are known to exist in apaceous plants. We have previously reported the specific mass-spectral patterns of coumarins with neighboring hydroxyls [48], which allowed us to determine the most likely structure of these compounds. Among the various vaginidiol esters, two were identified, using reference standards, as peucenidin (vaginidiol 9-O-acetyl-1\({}^{\prime}\)-O-senecioyl ester, **36**) [48] and libanotin (vaginidiol 9-O-angeloyl-1\({}^{\prime}\)-O-acetyl ester, **37**) [22]. Both coumarins were found in the Mongolian samples of _F. Instrrix_. Mono- (**21**) and dimethyl esters (**23**) that were found with \(m/z\) 277 and 291, respectively, as well as a monoethyl ester (**24**, **25**) with \(m/z\) 291, are rare comumarins, and they are identified as being derived from the apiaceous plant for the first time. Monoesters of acids included 9-O-angeloyl/senecioyl esters (**22**, **26**; \(m/z\) 345), 9-O-acetyl esters (**27**; \(m/z\) 305), 9-O-isovaleroyl/2-methylbutroyoyl esters (**28**, **29**; \(m/z\) 347), and 9-O-isobutyroyl esters (**30**; \(m/z\) 333); only the vaginidiol 9-O-2-methylbutroyoyl ester has been previously found in _F. Instrrix_[22]. Diesters of vaginidiol included the 9,1\({}^{\prime}\)-di-O-acetyl ester (**31**; \(m/z\) 347), 9-O-acetyl-1\({}^{\prime}\)-O-isobutyroyl ester (**32**; \(m/z\) 375), 9-O-acetyl-1\({}^{\prime}\)-O-isovaleroyl/2-methylbutroyoyl esters (**33**, **34**; \(m/z\) 389), 9-O-acetyl-1\({}^{\prime}\)-O-angeloyl ester (**35**; \(m/z\) 387; isomer of **36**), 9-O-isovaleroyl/2-methylbutyroyl-1\({}^{\prime}\)-O-acetyl ester (**38**; \(m/z\) 389), 9,1\({}^{\prime}\)-O-O-angeloyl/senecioyl esters (**39**, **40**; \(m/z\) 427), 9,1\({}^{\prime}\)-di-O-isobuturovyl ester (**41**; \(m/z\) 403), and 9,1\({}^{\prime}\)-di-O-isovaleroyl/2-methylbutyroyl ester (**42**; \(m/z\) 431). Coumarins with a similar structure have not been found in _F. Instrrix_. Quantitative data showed a high coumarin content in the _F. Instrrix_ root extract (229.39 mg/g). The content of vaginidiol derivatives was the largest (203.85 mg/g). The content of the next largest coumarin group, umbelliferones, was 24.21 mg/g. Peucadenosyl exhibited the lowest  
Figure 2: High-performance liquid chromatography data of the _F. Instrrix_ root extract after electrospray ionization triple quadrupole mass-spectrometric detection (positive ionization, base peak chromatogram). Compounds are numbered as listed in Table 1.  
content (1.33 mg/g). Two basic compounds included peucenidin (170.35 mg/g) and skimming (22.57 mg/g), which, in combination, accounted for 84% of coumarins in the extract. This suggests that these compounds are responsible for bioactive effects.