# A Study on Technology Competition of Graphene Biomedical Technology Based on Patent Analysis
## 4 Analysis
### Patent Analysis
#### 4.1.2 Competitive Position of Top Assignees  
The INNOGRAPHY platform's patent map is a powerful visualization software that enables stakeholders to understand how a particular market or technology stacks up and explores a competitive landscape among top assignees. By also integrating multiple data dimensions (e.g., litigation, product and technology standards) into a single view, the INNOGRAPHY platforms's patent map enhances the ability to understand the TC of competitors, helping discovery of new competitors and opportunities. Three dimensions' values (e.g., revenue, litigation, and locations) related to company resources are summed and plotted on the vertical axis, while three other dimensions' values (e.g., patents, classifications, and citations) related to patent strength are summed and plotted on the horizontal axis. The higher score on the vertical axis indicates that assignees would have a greater ability to obtain resources, while the higher score on the horizontal axis indicates that assignees would also have a greater competitive strength on patenting activities. Therefore, the INNOGRAPHY platform's patent map is designed to give an overview on competitive position of top assignees in a given technology field. We employ the INNOGRAPHY platform's patent map to find the top assignees of TC in the field of graphene biomedical technology (see Figure 3). Figure 3: Competitive position of top assignees in graphene biomedical technology. Figure 2: Annual trend of patent activities of graphene biomedical technology. In Figure 3, it illustrates that two assignees from enterprises and eighteen assignees from universities and research institutes. These two patentees from enterprises are Lockheed Martin Corporation from the U.S. and Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. from Korea. It should be recognized that assignees from China are all belong to universities and research institutes, which suggest a lack of Collaboration among enterprises, universities, and research institutes. As for geographical location, China (12 assignees) overtakes Korea (5 assignees), and the U.S. (3 assignees), and takes the lion's share, indicating its principle role in graphene biomedical technology. The top three assignees regarding the number of patents are Chinese Academy of Sciences (33), Guangxi Chinese Medicine College (29), and Seoul National University (24). These assignees situated in the lower right quadrant, indicating their competitive advantages in patenting activities. Harvard University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Lockheed Martin Corporation have relatively higher technological innovation capability in patent strength, locating in the lower right quadrant. Lockheed Martin Corporation, holding 12 patents, is situated relatively close to the area of the upper right quadrant. This indicates that Lockheed Martin Corporation has a relatively high competitive advantage in technical strength and resources, and plays a crucial role in the future TC. It is clearly shown that there are no assignees situated in the area of the upper right quadrant, which indicate that currently no assignee is the technological and marketable leader with competitive advantage over patent activities as well as resources. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. is the only competitor situated in the upper left quadrant, which shows its distinct competitiveness in company resources, so it is challenger in graphene biomedical technology and will become a potential buyer. More than half of the patentees are still situated in the lower left quadrant. Most of the Chinese assignees with relatively lower technological innovation capability are situated in this quadrant. For example, although Jiangsu University, Zhengzhou University, Fudan University, and Shanghai University ranked the top 10 in owning patents, their ability in company resources is relatively low. Lacking technological strength as well as company resources, these Chinese assignees are followers.