## 3 Research Background
The data do not say where exactly the residents who left the district for work went, but it is reasonable to assume that in most cases, the destination was Presov, as the only point of significant concentration of economic activity in the region [48]. In 2018, due to significant attendance, the number of people present daily in the Presov district increased by 3% (or 4257 people) compared to the number of residents of the district, even though, e.g., 20.7% of economically active residents (or 16,172 persons) left it daily for work, mainly to Kosice. In Presov, the number of people present daily increased by up to 25% (or 22,946 people) compared to the number of city residents, even though, e.g., 10.6% of economically active residents (or 9728 persons) left it daily for work, mainly to Kosice. At the same time, the number of people present daily in the Bardejov district was lower by 13% (resp. 10,122 people), in the Svidnik district also lower by 13% (resp. 4321 people), in the Stropkov district by 14% (resp. 2930 persons), and in the district of Vranov nad TopI'ou lower by 12% (or 9564 persons) compared to the number of inhabitants of the given district. The active population in this region travels regularly to schools, work, civic amenities, and healthcare. The data are valid as of November 2018 [48]. The target state of the integrated transport system in eastern Slovakia is a modern, attractive public transport system consisting of all types of public transport (trains, buses, and public transport), covering the entire territory of the Presov and Kosice self-governing regions and enabling travel on one travel document (one-time or time-based subscription), regardless of transfers or used modes of transport, with uniform transport and tariff conditions and mutually agreed travel schedules. The name or brand of this system is IDS Vychod. The benefits for passengers with the gradual construction of the integrated transport system will mainly be as follows [49]:  
* Uniform transport and tariff conditions in trains, buses, and public transport;
* New types of fares: transfer tickets, timed subscription tickets (monthly, quarterly, etc. ), and so on;
* Technological news: mobile application, near-field communication payments (NFC payments, etc. );
* More regular, faster, and more comfortable connections within the region and within cities;
* Harmonised system of public transport (regular guaranteed continuity of connections and lines);
* A simple and clear transport system (schemes of routes, timetables, etc. );
* Timely information about transport emergencies (delays, detours, etc. );
* Generally higher quality of services provided in transport. The benefits for operators and those ordering transport services will be mainly as follows [49]:  
* Growing demand for transport (more passengers);
* Greater efficiency of vehicle circulation;
* Stabilisation of transport performance. The Transport Infrastructure Network in the Examined Region  
As part of the design of the public passenger transport lines in the region, a compact area was selected in the north-eastern quarter of the Presov catchment area. The territory is defined by the current lines of public passenger transport starting from Presov in the direction of the village of Kapusany (and continuing in all directions), while to the north and east, it is bordered by the cities of Bardejov, Giraltovce, and Hanusovce nad TopI'ou. This territory is not an isolated transport unit, and for the effective design of public passenger transport lines, it must necessarily be extended by the routes of the four skeleton transport lines crossing its borders. This is the railway line Presov-Hanusovce nad TopI'ou-Vranov nad TopI'ou-Humene and the road communications Presov-Giraltovce-Svidnik, Presov-Giraltovce-Stirpkov, and Presov-Hanusovce nad TopI'ou-Vranov nad TopI'ou,which connect the regional city with the district city in its catchment area (see dashed line in Figure 2).