## 8 Conclusions  
In conclusion, this research paper focused on the challenges of message routing in EnFVs and explored the application of GAs to optimize multi-objective message routing in these dynamic transportation systems. This paper highlighted the unique requirements and complexities posed by EnFVs, such as limited energy resources, airspace regulations, and dynamic operating conditions. Traditional routing algorithms designed for conventional vehicles were found to be inadequate in addressing these challenges. To tackle the multi-objective nature of message routing in EnFVs, researchers turned to GAs, which proved effective in optimizing routing decisions considering multiple objectives and constraints specific to EnFVs. GAs leveraged evolutionary principles to develop potential solutions, allowing for the exploration of the solution space and identifying trade-offs between conflicting objectives. The key findings of this paper emphasized the importance of multi-objective optimization, the effectiveness of GAs in addressing routing problems, and the benefits showcased in case studies. However, the paper acknowledged challenges such as scalability, the integration of real-time data, uncertainty handling, and energy efficiency that require further research and development. The implications of GA-based routing optimization in EnFVs were far-reaching, including reduced energy consumption, improved system reliability, minimized travel time, and enhanced sustainability. Moreover, the integration of real-time data and dynamic routing updates can improve the adaptability and responsiveness of routing algorithms. Future research directions and opportunities were identified, including real-time data and dynamic routing updates, investigating hybrid approaches, considering uncertainty and risk management, addressing scalability, and enhancing energy efficiency in routing.  
In summary, this research paper demonstrated the potential of GAs in addressing the multi-objective message routing problem in EnFVs. By providing a comprehensive review of methodologies, highlighting key findings, and suggesting future research directions, this paper significantly contributes to the field of routing optimization in dynamic transportation systems. The application of GAs in EnFV routing offers exciting prospects for advancing the efficiency, reliability, and sustainability of transportation systems. By leveraging the power of GAs, researchers and practitioners can optimize routing solutions and pave the way for more efficient, sustainable, and reliable transportation systems in the future.  
Conceptualization, M.A., T.H., M.Z., A.K. and S.L.; Methodology, M.A.; Software, T.H.; Validation, M.A., T.H., A.K. and S.L.; Formal analysis, M.A.; Resources, T.H. and M.Z.; Data curation, M.A.; Writing--original draft, M.A.; Writing--review & editing, A.K. and S.L.; Visualization, M.A. and M.Z.; Supervision, M.Z., A.K. and S.L.; Project administration, M.Z. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research received no external funding.  
Not applicable.  
Data Availability Statement: Data sharing not applicable  
The authors declare no conflict of interest.