## 2 Methods
### Outcome Measures
#### 2.5.1 Neuropsychological Tests  
Tests assessing various cognitive domains were administered to evaluate the transfer of cognitive skills following CCT maze navigation from both proximal and distal domains. To streamline the administration of cognitive tests, a small group testing approach was adopted. Tests were conducted in small groups consisting of five to ten participants, with appropriate modifications made to the test instructions. When selecting neuropsychological tests, priority was given to choosing tests that could be effectively administered in a group testing setting. For most of the selected tests, standard instructions were utilized. Further details regarding modifications to the test applications are provided for each test individually. _The Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test:_[47; 48; 49; 50] The Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) is a neuropsychological assessment tool designed to evaluate auditory verbal memory. Memory domains assessed include learning across trials representing immediate learning and delayed recall representing retention [49; 51]. The AVLT comprises two lists (A and B), each containing 15 words. During the test, the administrator reads the 15 words from list A at a rate of one word per second. Following the presentation of the list, the participant is asked to recall and write down the words on paper, with no specific order required. This process is repeated five times, with the participant recalling the words on separate sheets of paper for each repetition. Subsequently, the participant is instructed to listen to list B, which serves as interference. Afterwards, another recall of words from list A is conducted. The participant is then asked to recall the words from list A after a delay of 20 to 30 min, reflecting longer term recall. To ensure accuracy in scoring, any confabulations (fabricated responses), intrusions, or substitutions are disregarded when counting correctly written words [49; 51]. _Verbal Fluency:_ This test measures the number of words recalled (written on paper) by a participant, typically within a specified category or in response to a particular letter, within a set time limit. This test assesses the recall of longer term verbal storage and general verbal abilities and has also been related to basic executive functions [52; 53; 54]. We utilized two basic types of verbal fluency tests:  
1. Letter Verbal Fluency (LVF) Test: In this test, participants were instructed to write down as many words as possible that begin with the letter \"F\" in the first testing session and \"S\" in the second testing session, within a time limit of 60 s.
2. Semantic Verbal Fluency (SVF) Test: Participants were asked to verbally generate and write down as many words as possible from the semantic categories of 'animals' during the Pre-CCT testing and 'fruits & vegetables' during the post-CCT testing. They were allotted 60 s for each category. The final raw score was determined by summing the words written in the test brochure within the specified time limit for each category in each task. Repetitions of the same word or intrusions (incorrect words) were not included in the final score. _Digit Span:_ The Digit Span test is a subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-III (DSpan) [55]. This test assesses direct verbal digit recall and the components measureboth basic attention and working memory/concentration. The test involves two different tasks. In the first task, the individual is required to recall numbers in the same order as they are originally presented (Digits Forward), while in the second task, the individual is asked to recall the given numbers in reverse order (Digits Backwards). The experimenter reads a continuous sequence of numbers, one per second, that are then repeated. Each task consists of two attempts for each sequence of numbers, ranging from two to nine in the Forward task and from two to eight in the Backward task. During group testing, the experimenter reads all the sequences, from the lowest to the highest sequence.