## 1 Introduction
These findings highlight the intricate relationship between environmental conditions and the mechanical behaviour of AM-fabricated CFRP composites, guiding their optimisation for real-world applications across diverse industries [11]. [PERSON] et al. delve into addressing CFRPs' vulnerability to impact damage and moisture absorption by proposing graphene incorporation for improved mechanical properties and moisture resistance. Their study investigates NH2-functionalised graphene-modified CFRP composites, analysing their flexural properties and diffusion characteristics across varying environmental conditions. Initial findings show reduced flexural strength and modulus with graphene addition, exacerbated by post-impact delamination and cracking. While graphene slows diffusion, it compromises flexural properties due to poor bonding. Although GNPs/CFRP samples do not boost strength, they exhibit enhanced moisture resistance. Challenges persist with NH2-GNPs, lowering flexural strength and underscoring the need for enhanced bonding. Post-curing reduces flexural properties but slows diffusion, suggesting GNPs' potential for moisture mitigation despite bonding challenges. Further research into manufacturing methods and GNP functionalisation is vital for maximising graphene-enhanced CFRP composites [12]. In [PERSON] et al. 's study, the impact damage resistance of recycled carbon-fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites was investigated through low-velocity impact and compression after impact (CAI) tests. They analysed the relationships among load, force, and time to understand the damage characteristics of three types of composite laminate: virgin CF-reinforced polymer (V-CFRP), recycled CF-reinforced polymer (R-CFRP), and treated recycled CF-reinforced polymer (TR-CFRP). By examining ultrasonic c-scanning, photography, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), significant differences were observed in impact shape, area, and mode of damage. V-CFRP exhibited superior impact damage resistance with less damage, higher residual strength, and a greater shear failure angle compared to R-CFRP. Surface cleaning improved damage resistance up to 80% of V-CFRP, while R-CFRP reached only 50%. SEM analysis revealed reduced delamination in TR-CFRP compared to R-CFRP. This study demonstrates that recycled composites can match the low-velocity impact response of virgin composites, paving the way for their widespread use in various applications [13]. The [PERSON] et al. study investigates the impact of two innovative fireproof coatings on the fire resistance of carbon-fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite sheets. After fire exposure, the post-fire flexural performance of CFRP sheets coated with these fireproof coatings is evaluated through three-point bending tests. Results show a remarkable up to 80% reduction in post-fire flexural properties for CFRP sheets without coatings. However, those coated with fireproof coatings demonstrate significant enhancement. Under large-space fire conditions, coatings of at least 25 mm thickness provide fire-resistance durations exceeding 2 h, meeting specific fire-resistance class requirements. Similarly, under standard fire conditions, coatings of 35 mm thickness meet relevant fire-resistance class requirements [14]. The present article describes a comprehensive project that involved multiple interconnected tasks. It began with fabricating three unique configurations of test sheets using advanced vacuum infusion technology, ensuring precise control over their properties. Subsequently, the project focused on cutting specimens with standardised dimensions from these sheets for subsequent testing phases. This study examined the strength properties of a carefully chosen configuration before and after ageing tests, providing insights into its durability over time. Additionally, the investigation explored the material's resistance to staining. These tasks collectively aimed to provide a holistic understanding of the material's characteristics, performance, and suitability for intended applications.