## 1 Introduction  
Photovoltaic greenhouse uses photovoltaic modules as roof coverings instead of traditional greenhouse coverings (films, PC polycarbonate board panels, glass panels, etc.) to achieve an organic integration of greenhouse crop production and photovoltaic power generation. More and more practices have been carried out in China [1, 2, 3]. The most typical one is photovoltaic solar greenhouse. There are mainly three deployments of photovoltaic solar greenhouse: (1) photovoltaic modules deployed on front roof covers; (2) photovoltaic modules deployed on roof ridges; (3) photovoltaic modules deployed on rear roof covers or two gable sides. For the second deployment, the distance between the front and the rear greenhouses has to be increased to ensure the daylighting of the greenhouse on the north side, which would occupy some land and change the properties of the photovoltaic greenhouse. The third deployment has a relatively small scale of photovoltaic moduleswith which it is hard to produce a scale effect of power generation. The directest result of deploying photovoltaic modules on daylighting roofs is the reduction of sunlight intensity and the change of the illumination distribution law in the greenhouse. Especially under different weather conditions, the amount of scattered light also significantly affects the light intensity in photovoltaic greenhouses. Therefore, a proper coverage and coverage method of photovoltaic modules on greenhouse roofs is of great importance for the balance of power generation and normal agricultural production. Except for illumination, temperature is also an important factor that has determinant effects on the production in photovoltaic greenhouses. Hence, both light and temperature parameters in photovoltaic greenhouses should be studied. [PERSON] et al. used a Ningxia generation II solar greenhouse as the contrast and systematically compared the internal environments of different photovoltaic greenhouse types in Ningxia area during winter [4]. The results showed that the highest temperature and illuminance of a photovoltaic solar greenhouse with photovoltaic modules deployed on the roof were significantly higher than those of the contrast group. [PERSON] et al. studied the impact of a greenhouse with a 40% coverage of photovoltaic modules on the microclimate and tomato production during winter and summer seasons, and their findings showed that the photovoltaic modules had little impact on the environmental parameters and production; they even reduced the temperature in the greenhouse during hot weather [5]. [PERSON] et al. tested the indoor and outdoor temperatures, humidity, and illumination of their greenhouse (shoulder height; 6 m; double-slope symmetrical roof; roof span, 4 m; roof angle, 24\({}^{\circ}\); photovoltaic film solar modules alternately deployed on the south daylighting cover; coverage, 39.4%), and the test results showed that the temperature reduction can reach 0.5-7.8 \({}^{\circ}\)C, the average transmittance can reach 66.27% in summer when using a fan-wet pad-cooling system, and the illuminance can satisfy the growth requirements of crops [6]. [PERSON] et al. performed comparative tests between a photovoltaic greenhouse and a traditional greenhouse, and the results showed that the indoor air temperature in the photovoltaic greenhouse on fine days was reduced by 1-3 \({}^{\circ}\)C, the relative humidity was reduced by 2%, and the solar radiation was reduced by 35-40% [7]. The premise of building a sustainable energy-saving greenhouse is to accurately predict the environmental parameters in the photovoltaic greenhouse, and a proper use of simulation software can overcome time and space limitations and help researchers quickly obtain large amounts of analytical data and maps [8]. This study intends to use Design Builder software with a daylighting analysis module and a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) building fluid analysis module to conduct light and thermal environment simulation under typical climate conditions.