# Upscaling Customer Access Network Using Spectrum Conversion-Slicing-Duplication Technique
## 3 Results and Discussion
### Results for Power, Bandwidth and Group of Users  
Tests were conducted to identify the appropriate bandwidth for the network. The bandwidths studied ranged from 100 GHz to 300 GHz. The following are the results of the Q factor and the bit error rate for each bandwidth. The AWG bandwidth is changed while the power and number of output ports (separation ratio) are the same, which are 0 dBm and 6 \(\times\) 32 \(\times\) 32 \(\times\) 32 (196,608 users). From the data and graphs that have been plotted (Figure 7), it can be seen that the greater the bandwidth, the better the Q factor and the bit error rate (BER) value. This is because when the bandwidth is increased, the signal carried is high, making the final signal that reaches the user good, even if it has been sliced and duplicated. This theory can be described as the size of the pipe and the water that passes through it; when the size of the pipe is large, more water can pass through the pipe. Just like the analogy, the larger the bandwidth, the more signals or data that can pass through and can be transmitted at one time.  
Figure 6: Eye diagram, Q factor and bit error rate.  
After studying the user group as well as obtaining the appropriate bandwidth, a test was conducted to investigate the appropriate power for the network. The power studied ranged from 0 dBm to 4 dBm. The following are the results of the Q factor and the bit error rate for each power. The power is changed while the bandwidth and number of output ports are the same, which are 300 GHz and 6 \(\times\) 32 \(\times\) 32 \(\times\) 32 (196,608 users). From Figure 8 that has been plotted, it can be seen that the more the power increases from 0 dBm to 4 dBm, the lower the value of the Q factor and the value of the bit error rate (BER). This is because when the optical power is too high, the 'gain coefficient' will decrease, which, in turn, will reduce the power of the signal. More precisely, when the optical power exceeds the saturation of the optical power (saturation optical power), the 'gain' will be saturated (saturated). This is related to the 'gain saturation' in EDFA, so the appropriate power for this network that uses EDFA is 0 dBm.  
Figure 8: Power of CW laser versus Q factor (number of users = 196,608).  
Figure 7: Bandwidth of AWG versus Q factor (number of users = 196,608).  
Once the appropriate power and bandwidth were determined, tests to confirm the best user group were conducted. The following are the data on the number of end users while ensuring that the end signal received is good. The bandwidth and power values are fixed at 300 GHz and 0 dBm.  
Next, we tested the transmission rate of the network that had been modified while making sure the final signal received was acceptable. All other values that had been studied previously, such as bandwidth, power and splitting ratio values for the number of users (user groups), were fixed, i.e., at 300 GHz, 0 dBm and 196,608 users (AWG \(\times\) power splitter \(\times\) WDM Demux \(\times\) power splitter: 6 \(\times\) 32 \(\times\) 32 \(\times\) 32), as depicted in Figure 9.