## 5 Conclusions  
The convergence of 5G technology and the Internet of Things is an essential step towards achieving new business opportunities and improving connectivity worldwide. The ecosystem of IoT devices is complex, and choosing the right primary or complementary connectivity option depends on factors such as deployment costs, range, interference, and capabilities. Technical studies have shown that 5G and other services can coexist in specific frequency bands, provided that the technical conditions are adequately adapted. Compliance with the permitted exposure limits is also essential when designing new applications or technological accessories using 5G and IoT.  
The convergence of networks and services, driven by 5G technology, is transforming the internet into a complex and multifaceted ecosystem integrated into nearly every aspect of our daily lives. The availability and speed of access to the internet are increasing, allowing users to access high-quality media content in real-time and internet service providers to offer a range of new services and applications. Cellular connectivity will enable the achievement of key IoT goals, such as reducing device complexity and cost, increasing coverage to support remote applications, and providing deployment flexibility, high capacity, and long battery life.  
Businesses can benefit greatly from the optimization of network performance in 5G networks, which is essential for adequately functioning business processes, improving productivity, reducing downtime, and enhancing customer satisfaction. The potential of the convergence of networks and services in increasing the availability and speed of access to the internet enables a range of new and innovative applications and services, transforming the way we live and work.  
Managing interference in 5G networks is a significant challenge in ensuring the reliability and performance of IoT services. Effective interference management techniques, diverse connectivity and latency requirements of IoT devices and applications, and external interference are significant issues that must be addressed to ensure that 5G networks can support the massive number of devices and applications that rely on them.  
5G has a lot of features necessary for smart cities. However, it can be improved by combining it with protocols such as LoRaWAN, which provides low-range communication, Z-Wave, Zigbee, and SigFox for house IoT devices. 5G with IoT technologies combine all this to provide a more complex solution, taking care of the attenuation of the signal, security protocols, bandwidth, QoS, and more.  
[PERSON] reviewed, interpreted and drafted the comparison results and some tables. [PERSON] was involved on the formal analysis and the manuscript. [PERSON] made the figures and their comparison and performed the formal analysis. [PERSON] directed some formal concepts and review the manuscript. [PERSON] developed the analysis, supervised the research methodology and the approach of this work, prepared the scenario and analyzed the results. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research received no external funding.  
Not applicable.  
The authors declare no conflict of interest.