# Cooperative Admission Control with Network Coding in 5G Underlying D2D-Satellite Communication
## 1 Introduction  
Cooperative communication is a significantly promising technology in providing diversity and efficient use of resources. Meanwhile, cooperative communication supported by network coding is a technique widely used for secure and effective communication without upgrading traditional network architecture on the physical layer. Network coding (NC) provides improved network capacity, diversity, efficiency, and flexibility. Joint admission control under consideration of energy efficiency, capacity, and fair usage policy plays a vital role in cooperative communication to provide uninterrupted communication. Initially, the network coding is used for the single-mode devices, i.e., cellular devices, where devices form a wireless cluster of NC instead of all devices individually communicating to the base station [1]. The result is increased performance in terms of data rate, robustness, delay, security, and energy consumption. The cooperative network coding then extended to the device to device (D2D) communication, which further increases the overall capacity and throughput ofthe network [2; 3; 4]. The utilization of D2D and cellular network in network coding decreases the packet recovery time, and meets the performance of cellular via network coding [5]. Satellite multicast delivery is superior to multi terrestrial cast in the number of scenarios because of the bigger footprint [6]. Cooperative terrestrial-satellite transmission aided by satellite link increases the bandwidth, which is further strengthened by the network coding [7; 8; 9]. The satellite is also be used as a backhaul with the advantage to offload base station [10]. Utilizing the multiple modes under optimized network codes provides quick recovery of the lost packet and higher capacity. However, the authors did not consider the cooperative admission control based on the network code and channel condition in multiple access network devices. Apart from multiple access control, the network code based transmission strategy has vast potential to provide good service quality under the efficient utilization of resources in future D2D content distribution [11]. Two-level decentralized joint relay selection and resource allocation named NC-D2D proposed in [12], assisted by network coding underlying D2D communication. Joint relay selection and resource allocation in perceptive of network coding aided by D2D explored in [13], which consists of a two-level decentralized approach termed NC-D2D. This technique solves the relay selection and resources allocation problems alternatively to obtain stable solutions for these two problems. The Games algorithm associates the D2D with network coding, and the greedy algorithm associates the resources with the network and provides cooperative communication for resource allocation and network codes for the D2D network resource allocation with the opportunistic network coding improves the network's performance and provides another dynamics in terms of optimization of the network [14]. Relay based network coding has been proposed by adapting to the requirement of multi source-destination, where signals are limitedly affected by external interference and provide reliable communication [15; 16]. The authors in [17] define the topology and resource allocation for network coding, which increases the throughput and energy efficiency. Network aware resource allocation with random network coding for cooperative communication using a gradient algorithm in [18] improves throughput overall. Fast resource allocation for network traffic is developed in [19] that maximizes the utility in multicast based on the capacity and coded in the same session. The authors considered the admission control/topology and network coding separately and not optimized jointly to improve performance. Besides, multiple access, including the terrestrial-satellite network, is not considered in cooperative communication. Designing the cooperative network code, which also considers channel condition increases the overall performance [20].