## 4 Results and Discussions  
The experimental setup entails a simulated environment where a transmitting vehicle and a receiving vehicle are examined, both equipped with reflectors of varying half power bandwidth (HPBW) values. The antenna angle for steering and tracking is configured at 14 distinct angles: 0, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 235, 270, 310, and 360 degrees. Notably, these angles are not set at four intervals, as the receiving end employs a switched beam antenna instead of an omnidirectional antenna. The algorithm is executed at both the transmitting and receiving ends. In accordance with the DSRC standard, the transmitting beam steers every 100 ms, and the receiving beam follows the same rate, facilitating improved connectivity between moving vehicles. The Packet Delivery Rate (PDR) depends on two parameters: the current situation's density (congested or not), received from the base station, and the road's asphalt value, as specified by the DSRC for different environments. Optimizing the PDR is crucial for reducing the power and computational complexity while enhancing the power connection over long distances or in power-constrained scenarios. In the experimental setup, a lane-changing scenario is observed, where a beam-to-beam connection is established using a message size of 1 KB. The utilization of beam angle slicing assists in establishing low-power or long-distance connections, which constitutes the main focus of this research. The first performance metric is the Time to Collision, relative to the vehicle speed, as depicted in Figure 6. By optimizing the Full HPBW and First Null Bandwidth (FNBW), denoted as \(T(safe)\), in comparison to conventional approaches, notable improvements are achieved, primarily attributed to the enhanced operation of the dual-side switched beam antenna. The algorithm, designed to monitor various crucial parameters and adapt to the situation, demonstrates that at a vehicle speed of 120 km/h, the promptness of the warning message increases by 4 s. This signifies a more efficient delivery of warning messages compared to the previous methodology, significantly reducing the computational power required by the system. The quality of V2V communication links directly affects the bit error rate (BER). In comparison to conventional systems [7; 32; 33], the proposed system demonstrates a more efficient BER. To evaluate the system's performance, a high-speed lane-changing scenario is chosen, where both the On-Board Units (OBU) function as both transmitters and receivers, employing a switched beam system. The distance between the two vehicles is set at 500 m, with an average speed of 100 km/h. The transmission packets consist of 1 KB, containing warning messages as the core information. Figure 6: Time to collision in seconds with respect to vehicular speed. Unreliable V2V links with high bit error rates (BER) compromise traffic safety, as incorrect warning messages may be received. Throughput, another critical Quality of Service (QoS) metric, can be estimated using the approximation method, as illustrated in Figure 7.  
The packet error rate (PER) is a vital metric for evaluating the efficiency of the system. It is defined as the ratio of the number of error packets, after Forward Error Correction (FEC), to the total number of received packets. A packet refers to a data unit transmitted through radio waves and is subjected to FEC. In comparison to previous research, the proposed system exhibited a 10% improvement in the PER, as depicted in Figure 8. This improvement directly enhances the transmission reliability. The notable factor contributing to the PER improvement is the utilization of a low computational power and lightweight algorithmic systems in the system. The throughput analysis demonstrates that the proposed system achieves faster message delivery compared to the conventional system. Algorithmic design and computational complexity play a pivotal role in this regard.