## 1 Introduction  
Since the national \"new infrastructure\" and other development strategies were put forward, in which the \"energy Internet\" has become an important form of construction, the \"West-East Gas Transmission\", \"West-to-East Electricity Transmission\", and other national cross-regional energy transmission projects have been implemented, effectively alleviating China's energy load center distribution imbalance and other issues to a great extent, to meet the social development needs of electricity, oil and natural gas, and other energy forms [1]. However, the new infrastructure also faces many problems, for example, to save land area, electricity, oil and gas, and other energy supply facilities often use the \"shared corridor\" construction method, leading to the inevitable formation of natural gas pipelines, electric power overhead line crossovers, and so on, which cause \"two lines and one land\" electromagnetic interference problems that are gradually becoming larger concerns [2,3]. When the overhead power conductor suffers a lightning strike, the lightning current in the intruding conductor will generate a space-alternating electromagnetic field around the conductor such that the adjacent pipeline, due to inductive coupling, produces a pipeline overvoltage [4; 5]. If the lightning current makes the line insulator flashover, the lightning current will be scattered along the surface of the flashover insulator through the tower grounding grid such that the adjacent pipeline, due to resistive coupling, produces a pipeline overvoltage [6; 7; 8]. Furthermore, due to the existence of resistive coupling and the pipeline insulation layer's potential difference, the safe operation of the pipeline has been threatened; thus, research into the overvoltage protection of the transmission line adjacent to the pipeline is of great significance. Protection for the transmission line near the natural gas pipeline mainly includes two aspects: the first concerns protection for the DC transmission line, research into the DC leakage current near the natural gas pipeline, and metal layer corrosion research to determine some measures to slow down or inhibit the metal layer corrosion; the second concerns the normal operation of the overhead line, research into grounding faults, and how a lightning strike near the natural gas pipeline induces overvoltage through studying some measures to reduce the magnitude of the pipeline overvoltage. [PERSON] studied the effect of pipe insulation coating breakage on electromagnetic interference between transmission lines and pipelines and proposed a law stating that the resistance of pipe insulation to soil decreases over time [9]. [PERSON] et al. used [PERSON]'s system of equations to derive the pipeline-induced electromotive force originating from the AC transmission line; established the pipeline equivalent circuit; analyzed the electromagnetic coupling to the neighboring underground pipelines during the steady-state operation of the AC transmission line; and, combined with a practical case, proposed a measurement method that can be corrected to the pipeline-ground potential distribution at the same moment [10]. Based on the influence of the pipeline coating resistance on the pipeline characteristic impedance, [PERSON] concluded that the smaller the impedance, the smaller the induced voltage on the pipeline; conversely, the greater the impedance of the coating, the greater the voltage difference between the pipeline and the coating [11]. [PERSON], by characterizing accidentally perforated pipes, concluded that the cause of the pipe perforation is a high-voltage arcing discharge from the pipe wall to the ground, which is mainly due to lightning strikes or the occurrence of ground faults in the overhead lines, and proposed three methods for protecting the insulation joint of the pipeline [12]. A significant amount of research has been conducted both domestically and internationally on protecting natural gas pipelines from electromagnetic interference caused by overhead lines.