# A Review of Worldwide Strategies for Promoting High-Temperature Heat Pumps
## 4 The Promotion of IHPs over the World
### Eu
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Promotion Programs**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Characteristics**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Investment**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Reference**} \\ \hline Energy Efficiency Technological Strategies & It promotes both the development and the implementation of & & [87] \\  & highly efficient technologies like HTHPs & - & [87] \\ \hline Green Innovation Fund & A financial instrument to promote industry decarbonization & - & [87] \\  & without harming competitiveness & - & [87] \\ \hline Electricity Business Act & A tool to reinforce the national electricity grid aiming to support & - & [87] \\  & the use of HPs in the building sector & - & [87] \\ \hline The New Energy and Industrial & National R\&D agency promoting many research projects on & - \\ Technology Development Organization (NEDO) & HTHPs. It involves many key industrial partners & - & [90] \\ \hline Energy Conservation Grand Prize Award & It recognizes outstanding energy conservation products ad & - & [93] \\  & activities across all the sectors & - & [93] \\ \hline Award for Climate Action & It rewards individuals or groups that have significantly contributed & - & [93] \\  & to coping with climate change & - & [93] \\ \hline USA–Japan Climate Partnership & It consists of three pillars: the implementation of the Paris & & \\  & Agreement; development, deployment, and innovation in clean & - & [92] \\  & energy technologies; supporting decarbonization actions in other & - & [92] \\  & countries, especially in the Indo-Pacific area & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: _Cont._Apart from the regulative initiatives, EU funding instruments play a crucial role in supporting HP technology development and deployment across various stages, from low-TRL breakthroughs to large-scale implementation and skills development. These projects often view HPs as integral to larger systems, including industrial applications. The European Investment Bank (EIB) is a significant global financier for climate action, supporting small- and medium-sized enterprises through the European Investment Fund (EIF), which commits EUR 250 million to mobilize EUR 2.5 billion for climate action investments [102]. Additionally, the EIB supports the REPowerEU plan with up to EUR 30 billion over five years for renewables, energy efficiency, grids, storage, and breakthrough technologies. EU support for Research, Development, and Innovation (RD&I) in HPs is facilitated by the European Research Council (ERC), Horizon Europe Programme (HEP), and Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) [102]. These funding instruments collectively enhance the performance and cost-effectiveness of HPs, particularly in the industrial sector, by demonstrating technical feasibility and supporting large-scale deployment through specific R&D projects. Several EU countries are carrying out a variety of projects to phase out fossil boilers and promote the use of HPs across various sectors. For instance, in Austria, the DryFiciency Project aims to enhance energy efficiency in European industries by recovering waste heat for process heat streams up to 160 \({}^{\circ}\)C. It involves three vapor compression HHTPs demonstrated in industrial settings [103]. France is developing a full-scale transcritical IHP demonstrator for a paper facility within the TRANSPAC Project [104]. Norway is also very active in the HP R&D field, especially with its HighEFF Research Center that collaborates on advancing HTTPs across sectors like metal production and food processing and is leading many innovative projects to demonstrate the reliability and viability of the use of HTTPs in industrial applications [105]. These initiatives highlight the diverse and collaborative efforts across Europe to enhance the deployment of HTTPs, aiming to reduce energy consumption, improve efficiency, and transition to more sustainable energy systems.