## 3 Results
### Systematic Content Review Results for Sensors Monitoring Mine Tailings Storage Facilities
#### 3.3.1 Content-Based Data Perspective Analysis
The following sensors are displayed in the figure: (1) piezometer, (2) temperature sensor, (3) inclinometer, (4) pressure cell, (5) settlement cell, (6) borehole extensometer, (7) water quality well, (8) V-notch weir, (9) crack gauge, (10) vented piezometer, (11) strain gauge load cell, (12) rain/wind/moisture content/evaporation gauge, (13) central data acquisition (gateways and nodes), (14) drone, (15) satellite, InSAR and radar (remote sensing), and (16) bathymetry with unmanned survey vessel. Figure 14:4 Examples of sensors used for mine TSF monitoring. 3.3. Comparision of the Main Characteristics of the Articles Selected Dealing with Sensors Monitoring Mine Tailings Storage Facilities  
A comparison of the main characteristics of the 52 selected articles is summarized in Figure 14:5 This table includes (i) the space scale of data measurement, (ii) the type of operation, (iii) data connectivity, (iv) TSF area, (v) engineering discipline, (vi) the use of cables or wireless, (vii) Industry 4.0 technology, and (viii) the cost in USD. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \# & **Reference** & **Reference** & **Reference** & **Reference** & **Reference** & **Reference** & **Reference** & **Reference** & **Reference** \\ \hline
1 & [PERSON] and [PERSON] [60] & 2019 & R & RTA & 4G & TB & C & W & AI & NS \\
2 & [PERSON] et al. [61] & 2021 & OS & RTA & SF & TB & G & C & UAVs & Y \\
3 & [PERSON] et al. [62] & 2017 & OS & RTA & 4G & D & C & W & AI & NS \\
4 & [PERSON] and [PERSON] [63] & 2020 & NS & RTA & NS & D & G & W & AI & NS \\
5 & [PERSON] et al. [64] & 2023 & R & RTA & 4G & D & G & W & AI & NS \\
6 & [PERSON] et al. [65] & 2022 & OS & RTA & NS & D & G & C & AI & NS \\
7 & [PERSON] et al. [47] & 2021 & OS & RTA & S & D & G & C & CC & NS \\
8 & [PERSON] et al. [66] & 2023 & R & RTA & S & D & M & W & UAVs & NS \\
9 & [PERSON] et al. [67] & 2011 & OS & RTA & 4G & D & G & C & NS & NS \\
10 & [PERSON] and [PERSON] [68] & 2021a & R & RTA & 4G & D & G & W & NS & NS \\
11 & [PERSON] and [PERSON] [37] & 2021b & R & RTA & 4G & D & G & W & NS & NS \\
12 & [PERSON] et al. [69] & 2021 & R & RTA & S & D & M & W & NS & Y \\
13 & [PERSON] et al. [70] & 2020 & R & RTA & S & D & G & W & NS & NS \\
14 & [PERSON] and [PERSON] [71] & 2011 & R & RTA & S & D & G & W & NS & NS \\
15 & [PERSON] et al. [72] & 2013 & R & RTA & Z & D & M & W & IoT & NS \\
16 & [PERSON] et al. [73] & 2020 & R & RTA & S & D & M & W & AI & NS \\
17 & [PERSON] et al. [74] & 2022 & R & RTA & S & D & M & W & NS & NS \\
18 & [PERSON] et al. [75] & 2020 & OS & RTA & 4G & D & G & C & AI & NS \\
19 & [PERSON] et al. [76] & 2021 & R & RTA & S & D & G & W & AI & NS \\
20 & [PERSON] and [PERSON] [77] & 2011 & R & RTA & S & D & M & W & NS & NS \\
21 & [PERSON] et al. [78] & 2020 & NS & RTA & NS & D & M & NS & AI & NS \\
22 & [PERSON] et al. [79] & 2019 & OS & RTA & 4G & TB & C & C & AI & NS \\
23 & [PERSON] and [PERSON] [13] & 2023 & R & RTA & Z & RL & C & W & IoT & NS \\
24 & [PERSON] et al. [80] & 2020 & R & RTA & S & RL & C & W & AI & NS \\
25 & [PERSON] et al. [81] & 2018 & NS & NRTM & NS & D & C & NS & AI & NS \\
26 & [PERSON] et al. [82] & 2018 & R & RTA & S & D & G & W & NS & NS \\
27 & [PERSON] and [PERSON] [83] & 2022 & OS & RTA & 4G & D & G & C & AI & NS \\
28 & [PERSON] and [PERSON] [84] & 2018 & OS & NRTM & NS & RL & G & C & NS & NS \\
29 & [PERSON] et al. [85] & 2023 & R & RTA & S & D & M & W & NS & NS \\
30 & [PERSON] et al. [36] & 2018 & OS & RTA & 4G & D & G & W & IoT & NS \\
31 & [PERSON] et al. [86] & 2023 & OS & RTA & 4G & D & G & C & AI & NS \\
32 & [PERSON] et al. [87] & 2022 & R & RTA & S & RL & M & W & NS & NS \\
33 & [PERSON] et al. [88] & 2022 & OS & NRTM & NS & NS & M & NS & AI & NS \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Comparison of the main characteristics of the 52 selected articles on the use of sensors to monitor TSFs.