## 1 Introduction  
The rapid development of fields such as radar, electronic warfare, and satellite communication has led to an increasing demand for the bandwidth of signals that can be received. How to achieve the reception of RF signals with an instantaneous bandwidth of several GHz or even tens of GHz is one of the hot topics in current communication technology research [1; 2; 3]. Digital receivers are currently limited by the sampling rate of analog-to-digital converters and struggle to receive ultra-wideband signals, while analog receivers are constrained by electronic bottlenecks and similarly find it difficult to meet the application requirements for the reception of ultra-wideband signals [4]. Microwave photonics serves as a bridge for conversion between microwave and optical signals; it is capable of converting RF signals that are difficult to directly process into the optical domain for transmission and processing. It offers significant advantages such as large bandwidth, low transmission loss, and strong resistance to electromagnetic interference [5].  
Microwave photonic channelized receivers facilitate the complete reception of ultra-wideband RF signals by modulating them into the optical domain and segmenting the spectrum, utilizing multiple spectrally continuous sub-channels for parallel reception. A seminal work in [6] introduced a microwave photonic channelization reception scheme employing coherent dual optical combs, achieving the parallel reception of seven sub-channels, each with a bandwidth of 500 MHz, using two seven-line coherent optical combs with distinct comb-tooth spacings. The authors of [7] presented a channelization reception scheme based on dual optical frequency combs coupled with a Fabry-Perot cavity periodic optical filter. The authors of [8] proposed a channelization scheme leveraging the coherent optical frequency comb and stimulated Brillouin scattering effect. The authors of [9; 10] advanced the field with a microwave photonic channelization scheme featuringimage suppression down-conversion based on dual coherent optical combs, adept at mitigating post-down-conversion image interference. The authors of [11] introduced an innovative channelization reception scheme based on chirped-pulse linear frequency modulation, utilizing two chirped pulses in place of the dual optical combs. The authors of [12; 13] proposed a microwave photonic channelization scheme based on dual micro-ring resonators. The authors of [14] presented a channelization scheme based on polarization-multiplexed optical frequency combs and an integrated coherent receiver (ICR), with additional microwave photonic channelization schemes based on optical frequency combs, as surveyed in [15; 16].  
Virtually all of the aforementioned approaches necessitate the use of optical comb modules, with the number of sub-channels being limited by the count of teeth in the comb. The creation of optical combs that possess a high number of teeth and a uniform spectral profile continues to pose substantial difficulties, thereby restricting the maximum instantaneous bandwidth that the receiver can handle. This manuscript introduces a microwave photonic channelization reception scheme that leverages signal polarization multiplexing. In comparison to the approach outlined in [14], this scheme is capable of doubling the number of sub-channels to sixteen, under the same premise of utilizing a two-line polarization multiplexed optical comb, which significantly improves the channelization efficiency of the comb.