## 1 Introduction
The entire accumulated archive of geological surveys was transferred to private companies that did not want to share information. Since 2007, [PERSON], under the supervision of [PERSON], began to collect together all the data on engineering and geological surveys for the city of Nur-Sultan, which at that time was experiencing a construction boom and was in dire need of geotechnical data [18]. When developing a geological map for the major cities on the territory of Kazakhstan, it was necessary to take into account its climatic and engineering-geological features. The climate of Kazakhstan is a moderate continental one, with dry hot summers and severe cold and windy winters [19]. The temperature of the northern and central part of the country in winter time often reaches to \(-\)35 \({}^{\circ}\)C and sometimes even \(-\)40 \({}^{\circ}\)C. The snow cover period in the youngest and the second coldest capital of the world, Nur-Sultan, lasts for 111 days, while the number of days with negative temperatures is up to 160-170 days. The Nur-Sultan region is classified as a III-climate zone with a minimum day temperature of \(-\)41 \({}^{\circ}\)C in winter and a record low temperature \(-\)52 \({}^{\circ}\)C. The average annual humidity is 59% [19]. The new capital of Kazakhstan was moved to Nur-Sultan, a regional city in the center of the republic, in December 1997. This led to intensive internal migration to the new capital and there was an urgent need for large-scale construction of the residential sector, business and industrial buildings and structures. According to [20] within 23 years, the population of Nur-Sultan has almost tripled and the building area of the city exceeded 797.33 km\({}^{2}\). In terms of the geological characteristics of the Nur-Sultan soils pertaining to the Kazakh Steppe. As a result of chemical and physical weathering, an irregular layer of residual soil mantle has been formed, which exhibits a progressive downwards transition to the weathered rock [21]. These are underlain by ancient sedimentary rocks of Paleozoic undivided sediments in the northern part and mid-Quaternary sediments in the southern and western parts, including claystone, siltstone, and sandstone. The general vertical sequence of the soils consists of about 1 m of alluvium over fine-grained residual soils on the left embankment of the Esil River, the newly built business center of Nur-Sultan city. The hydrographic network of the city is represented not only by the only Ishim River, but also by its insignificant right tributaries--Sarybulak and Akbulak. Within a radius of 25-30 km around the city there are numerous fresh and salt lakes. Therefore the ground water level is typically relatively high, being between 0.5 and 0.8 m of the existing ground surface [21; 22]. The predominant type of geomorphological origin of the Nur-Sultan city and adjacent areas are the plain terrains separated by river water. In the south-western part there are two types of upper and lower valleys. In accordance with the geomorphological characteristics of the study area, geomorphological zoning was carried out as a topological unit by dividing the river valley into areas depending on the structure of the terrain [23]. The study area, according to [PERSON]. [PERSON], was divided into five zones (Table 1), the boundary of which is the main landforms in Figure 1.  
I-terrace over the first floodplain valley-\(a(Q_{II\_III})\) middle and upper quaternary geological period sands, claye sands, sandy clays, and clays (Table 1). II-the watershed plain is composed of Carboniferous \(e(C_{1})\) and Jurassic \(e(I_{1})\) rocks, with an average of modern quaternary geological period \(a(Q_{II\_IV})\) with upper layers of sand, claye sands, sandy clays, and clays of different particle sizes over sandy clays and clays. III-small hill-Carboniferous \(e(C_{1})\) rocks, covered with a layer of sand, sandstones, and loans of various sizes \(a(Q_{II\_III})\).