# Investigation of Geotechnical Seismic Isolation Systems Based on Recycled Tire Rubber-Sand Mixtures
### Research on Geotechnical Seismic Isolation
The dynamic properties of granular soils mixed with granulated rubber were experimentally scrutinized in terms of G\({}_{\text{max}}\) and D\({}_{\text{max}}\). The results reveal that the average particle size ratio of the mixture profoundly impacted the outcomes, and appropriate analytical expressions were proposed for engineering applications. [PERSON] et al. [16] conducted one-dimensional ground response analyses with the aid of the DeepSoil v.7.0 [17] and Cyclic 1D v.1.4 [18] programs at an offshore wind farm development site in the Taiwan Strait. This study employed equivalent linear and nonlinear analysis approaches, with the results subsequently compared to PLAXIS 2D 2015 [19]. The findings provided indispensable insights into peak ground acceleration, acceleration-time histories, and design response spectra. [PERSON] [20] studied soil and soil-structure interaction using PLAXIS 2D, DeepSoil, and EERA 2000 programs [21]. This study highlighted that PLAXIS 2D yields more reliable results than other methods, suggesting a more accurate observation of soil-structure interaction. [PERSON] et al. [22] investigated site performance post-soil improvement utilizing both experimental and numerical methods. Soil behavior under dynamic loads was analyzed through the use of DeepSoil and PLAXIS 2D, and it was found that soil improvement pronouncedly enhanced overall behavior. [PERSON] [23] performed one-dimensional nonlinear ground response analyses of the Isparta plain using DeepSoil to assess ground response. The study evaluated the seismic performance of soil profiles in the study area and produced maps showing surface ground acceleration and spectral acceleration distribution. [PERSON] [24] used the DeepSoil program to review amplification effects at sites within the Bayrakli region. Soil profiles at various sites were analyzed, revealing that amplification effects were distinctively associated with damping at lower energy levels. [PERSON] et al. [25] investigated the dynamic properties between soil layers utilizing a shaking table test. The study conducted a one-dimensional ground response analysis with DeepSoil software, and the results were compared with experimental data to evaluate amplification differences and dynamic properties across soil layers. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [26] evaluated the performance of resilient-friction base isolation (R-FBI) systems for multi-story structures. Their analyses found that such isolation systems significantly reduce seismic acceleration and displacement responses, enhancing the earthquake resilience of buildings. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [27] analyzed energy dissipation in structural devices and foundation soil under seismic loading. Their findings demonstrated that foundation rocking could serve as an effective energy dissipation mechanism. This study highlights the role of rocking behavior in dissipating seismic energy. [PERSON] [28] conducted extensive laboratory testing to develop a new family of normalized modulus reduction and material damping curves. The results enabled the creation of parametric models that can be used to predict dynamic response in different soil types. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [29] developed empirical relationships and curves for shear modulus and damping ratio in soils. Their study showed that the shear modulus increases under pressure but significantly decreases at higher strains. The findings provide a critical resource for predicting shear modulus and damping in engineering applications. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [30] investigated seismic acceleration amplification at slope crests using centrifuge modeling. Their findings demonstrated that topographic amplification is a function of frequency and becomes particularly significant at higher loading frequencies. The study emphasized that topographic amplification can create substantial tensile stresses in structures, necessitating consideration in seismic design. [PERSON] et al.