## 4 Experimental Results  
### Concept Validation through Audience Analysis  
To examine audience acceptance of the proposed approach, we undertook an online survey (N = 100). Online surveys allow for generalized data collection, and they are proven to be feasible methods to reach a broad and representative sample. Table 2 synopsizes the final set of questions selected for the needs of this survey. In general, the results showed that many people are not familiar with what DJ is. The majority of the participants expressed their interest in the mediated breaking news experience that is aimed to be achieved within the current project, as thoroughly analyzed below. In total, 60% of the respondents are not familiar with the DJ term. However, 85% of them would use an automated breaking news reporting system similar to the one presented, while 83,3% of them believe that such a system would be useful. The system is further validated by the fact that 77% believe that such a system would be useful, while 77% would use it for automated breaking news reporting. In total, 55% believe that crowdsourced data coming from citizen journalists that use mobile devices would offer better news coverage, and the same percentage (55%) believe that GPS-enabled devices would offer better news localization. This primitive user acceptance is also evaluated by the fact that 58% of the respondents do not see crowdsourced multimodal content as a threat but rather as an opportunity for better data management of breaking news. Demographics  
Out of 100 respondents, 27% are male and 73% are female. As far as the age groups to which the respondents belong, 58%, 31%, and 11% of them belong in the age group of 18-25, 26-40, and above 40, respectively. Most of the respondents' roles (74%) are that of news consumers, while only 9% have a journalistic role (either as professional journalists or professionals in the broader mass communication field). In sum, 17% of the collected responses come from people that consider themselves as dynamic news consumers and/or distributors (via personal pages or blogs). Almost all of the respondents (99%) use the \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{5}{c}{**Questions Answered in Likert Scale**} & **1** & **2** & **3** & **4** & **5** \\ \hline Q1 & I am interested in breaking news & 0 & 4\% & 15\% & 40\% & 41\% \\ \hline Q2 & Cross check upon breaking news alert is necessary & 0 & 0 & 8\% & 46\% & 46\% \\ \hline Q3 & An automated breaking news alert system would be useful & 1\% & 6\% & 16\% & 59\% & 18\% \\ \hline Q4 & I would use an automated breaking news alert system & 2\% & 4\% & 19\% & 53\% & 22\% \\ \hline Q5 & I am familiar with the term “drone journalism” & 46\% & 21\% & 18\% & 9\% & 6\% \\ \hline Q6 & Citizen journalists’ contribution with multimodal data (image, video, text) & 2\% & 4\% & 24\% & 47\% & 23\% \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Q7} & Contribution with multimodal data (image, video, text) by citizen & \multirow{2}{*}{0} & \multirow{2}{*}{4\%} & \multirow{2}{*}{16\%} & \multirow{2}{*}{60\%} & \multirow{2}{*}{20\%} \\  & journalists’ that use mobile devices with geo-tagging capabilities makes & & & & & \\ \cline{1-1}  & breaking news detection easier & & & & & \\ \hline Q8 & Citizen journalists’ contribution with multimodal data (image, video, text) & \multirow{2}{*}{0} & \multirow{2}{*}{2\%} & \multirow{2}{*}{23\%} & \multirow{2}{*}{60\%} & \multirow{2}{*}{15\%} \\  & makes local breaking news reporting easier & & & & & \\ \hline Q9 & Citizen journalists’ contribution with multimodal data (image, video, text) & \multirow{2}{*}{2\%} & \multirow{2}{*}{15\%} & \multirow{2}{*}{41\%} & \multirow{2}{*}{31\%} & \multirow{2}{*}{11\%} \\  & leads to misconceptions & & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: The analysis questionnaire was answered by 100 people. (1: strongly disagree, 2: disagree, 3: neutral, 4: agree, 5: strongly agree). internet at least once a day, and 78% of them use the internet for news retrieval.