## 3 Results
On the other hand, for the arm span variable, significant changes were observed when comparing the early maturing group with the rest (\(p\) < 0.000-0.001). With the inclusion of the maturity offset covariate, significant differences were only found in BMI z-score and sitting height when comparing the average maturer and late \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline  & & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Model**} \\ \cline{3-5}
**Variable** & **Group Comparison** & \multicolumn{3}{c}{**Biological Maturation**} \\ \cline{3-5}  & & **Mean Difference \(\pm\) SD** & \(p\) & **95\% CI** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Maturity Offset} & Early—Average & 0.96 \(\pm\) 0.27 & 0.002 & 0.29 to 1.63 \\  & Early—Late & 1.33 \(\pm\) 0.36 & 0.001 & 0.46 to 2.21 \\  & Average—Late & 0.38 \(\pm\) 0.32 & 0.720 & \(-\)0.40 to 1.16 \\  & Early—Average & \(-\)0.79 \(\pm\) 0.07 & 0.000 & \(-\)0.96 to \(-\)0.62 \\  & Early—Late & \(-\)1.68 \(\pm\) 0.09 & 0.000 & \(-\)1.90 to \(-\)1.46 \\  & Average-Late & \(-\)0.89 \(\pm\) 0.08 & 0.000 & \(-\)1.08 to \(-\)0.69 \\  & Early–Average & 10.55 \(\pm\) 3.08 & 0.003 & 2.99 to 18.11 \\ Body mass & Early–Late & 19.55 \(\pm\) 4.01 & 0.000 & 9.72 to 29.39 \\  & Average–Late & 9.00 \(\pm\) 3.59 & 0.044 & 0.19 to 17.81 \\  & Early–Average & 0.10 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 0.000 & 0.05 to 0.16 \\ Height & Early–Late & 0.13 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 0.000 & 0.06 to 0.19 \\  & Average–Late & 0.02 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 1.000 & \(-\)0.04 to 0.08 \\  & Early–Average & 1.02 \(\pm\) 0.88 & 0.746 & \(-\)1.14 to 3.18 \\ BMI & Early–Late & 3.89 \(\pm\) 1.15 & 0.003 & 1.08 to 6.70 \\  & Average–Late & 2.87 \(\pm\) 1.03 & 0.020 & 0.35 to 5.39 \\  & Early–Average & 0.39 \(\pm\) 0.28 & 0.512 & \(-\)0.29 to 1.07 \\ BMI z-score & Early–Late & 1.55 \(\pm\) 0.36 & 0.000 & 0.66 to 2.44 \\  & Average–Late & 1.17 \(\pm\) 0.33 & 0.002 & 0.37 to 1.96 \\  & Early–Average & 6.44 \(\pm\) 1.09 & 0.000 & 3.75 to 9.12 \\ Sitting height & Early–Late & 10.03 \(\pm\) 1.42 & 0.000 & 6.54 to 13.52 \\  & Average–Late & 3.59 \(\pm\) 1.27 & 0.019 & 0.47 to 6.72 \\  & Early–Average & 8.84 \(\pm\) 2.49 & 0.002 & 2.72 to 14.96 \\ Arm span & Early–Late & 10.25 \(\pm\) 3.25 & 0.007 & 2.28 to 18.21 \\  & Average–Late & 1.40 \(\pm\) 2.91 & 1.000 & \(-\)5.73 to 8.54 \\  & Early–Average & 0.76 \(\pm\) 0.49 & 0.376 & \(-\)0.44 to 1.96 \\ Cormic Index & Early–Late & 2.27 \(\pm\) 0.64 & 0.002 & 0.71 to 3.83 \\  & Average–Late & 1.51 \(\pm\) 0.57 & 0.031 & 0.11 to 2.91 \\  & Early–Average & 4.74 \(\pm\) 1.35 & 0.002 & 1.42 to 8.07 \\ Muscle mass & Early–Late & 7.98 \(\pm\) 1.76 & 0.000 & 3.66 to 12.31 \\  & Average–Late & 3.24 \(\pm\) 1.58 & 0.132 & \(-\)0.63 to 7.11 \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{MB throw} & Early–Average & 0.99 \(\pm\) 0.33 & 0.013 & 0.16 to 1.81 \\  & Early–Late & 1.60 \(\pm\) 0.44 & 0.001 & 0.53 to 2.67 \\  & Average–Late & 0.61 \(\pm\) 0.39 & 0.359 & \(-\)0.34 to 1.57 \\ \cline{1-1}  & Early–Average & 3.77 \(\pm\) 1.50 & 0.042 & 0.09 to 7.44 \\ \cline{1-1}  & Early–Late & 2.53 \(\pm\) 1.95 & 0.595 & \(-\)2.25 to 7.30 \\ \cline{1-1}  & Average–Late & \(-\)1.24 \(\pm\) 1.74 & 1.000 & \(-\)5.52 to 3.04 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} SD: standard deviation; CI: confidence interval; APHV: the age of peak height velocity; BMI: body mass index; MB: medicine ball.  
\end{table} 
Table 2: Post hoc comparison between biological maturation groups after ANOVA analysis for kinanthropometric characteristics and physical test results. maturer groups (\(p<0.021\) and \(0.006\), respectively) and in arm span when comparing early and late maturers (\(p<0.038\)). For the rest of the kinanthropometric characteristics and physical test results, no significant difference was found (\(p=0.084\)-\(1.000\)). With the inclusion of the covariate KIDMED score, significant differences were found in all comparisons between all groups for the variables of body mass and sitting height (\(p<0.000\)-\(0.029\)). For the variables of height, arm span, MM and medicine ball throw, significant differences were found when comparing the group of early maturers with the rest (\(p<0.000\)-\(0.006\)).