esa-sceva/satcom-chunk-collection huggingface dataset:
## 4 Test Results and Analysis
### Test Results and Analysis of Horizontal Initial Displacement  
#### 4.2.1 Self-Vibration Characteristics of the Structure  
Under the condition of a horizontal initial displacement of 75 mm, the measured data of each floor are modal analyzed to determine the structure's fundamental period and damping ratio under the condition of a horizontal initial displacement of 75 mm. Given the possibility of measurement errors during the field test, the results from each measuring point are linearly weighted [30] and compared to the seismic model's theoretical values using the FEA software PERFORM-3D. Table 4 contains the final results. Due to the Y-direction nature of the initial displacement release test, the natural vibration period and damping ratio obtained are the actual values corresponding to the structure's first three Y-direction translational vibration modes.  
As illustrated in Table 4, the isolation structure's first-order natural vibration period is significantly longer than the seismic structure's at 2.82 times (1.173/0.416), achieving the goal of extending the structure's period; the damping ratio of the first-order mode is 22.39%, which is significantly greater than the seismic structure's by 5%. It shows a good level of energy consumption and achieves the goal of minimizing horizontal earthquakes.
###### Abstract  
Multi-camera-based simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) has been widely applied in various mobile robots under uncertain or unknown environments to accomplish tasks autonomously. However, the conventional purely data-driven feature extraction methods cannot utilize the rich semantic information in the environment, which leads to the performance of the SLAM system being susceptible to various interferences. In this work, we present a semantic-aware multi-level information fusion scheme for robust global orientation estimation. Specifically, a visual semantic perception system based on the synthesized surround view image is proposed for the multi-eye surround vision system widely used in mobile robots, which is used to obtain the visual semantic information required for SLAM tasks. The original multi-eye image was first transformed to the synthesized surround view image, and the passable space was extracted with the help of the semantic segmentation network model as a mask for feature extraction; moreover, the hybrid edge information was extracted to effectively eliminate the distorted edges by further using the distortion characteristics of the reverse perspective projection process. Then, the hybrid semantic information was used for robust global orientation estimation; thus, better localization performance was obtained. The experiments on an intelligent vehicle, which was used for automated valet parking both in indoor and outdoor scenes, showed that the proposed hybrid multi-level information fusion method achieved at least a 10-percent improvement in comparison with other edge segmentation methods, the average orientation estimation error being between 1 and 2 degrees, much smaller than other methods, and the trajectory drift value of the proposed method was much smaller than that of other methods.  
simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM); semantic; information fusion; orientation estimation; mobile robots +
Footnote †: journal: Sensors  
1
###### Abstract
To meet these challenges, we propose a blockchain-based DED supervision system, which simultaneously ensures reliable DED traceability and transportation safety. This system enables the users to query the DED information from production and distribution to the blasting of DEDs. We propose a DED supervision model with three codes in one mechanism that store the DED data on a blockchain before querying, inserting, and modifying them in a distributively verifiable manner, which can track and trace the DEDs. To store the circulation data, the key-value tables serve as the primary data structure for maintaining DED circulation data. To ensure the safety supervision of the DEDs in the supply chain, we employ smart contracts to allow relevant participants to upload and validate DED data on the blockchain. Our proposed system ensures DED safety supervision as follows. First, all the DED information stored on the blockchain cannot be modified. Once a DED explosion accident occurs, the information cannot be tampered with because of the consensus and cryptographic mechanism. Second, the DED information can be verified on the blockchain. Therefore, no one can deny his/her responsibility. Third, the data using the key-value stored on the blockchain contribute to tracking the provenance and transportation of DEDs. To summarize, we make the following major contributions:  
* To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work on a DED supervision system to achieve traceability and verification on the blockchain network using blockchain and smart contracts. * We propose a novel DED supervision model, together with three codes in one and the algorithms that can regulate the whole process of DED circulation. * We designed a blockchain- and smart contract-based DED supervision system that instantiates the supervision model. We used a blockchain to store the circulation of the DED in the supply chain. During the circulation process, the smart contracts can be used to verify that the DED data on the blockchain are consistent with the received DED information. * We leveraged a consortium blockchain platform, i.e., FISCO BCOS, to implement the DED system for supervision. We conducted empirical studies to validate the performance of the supervision system. The rest of the paper is organized as follows. Section 2 describes existing studies on blockchain for supply chain management. In Section 3, we present a blockchain-based DED system architecture and a supervision model. The smart contract design for DEDs is introduced in Section 4. The result is presented in Section 5. Finally, Section 6 concludes.
###### Abstract  
Injury prevention and performance enhancement are key objectives in sports training. The FIFA 11+ program, originally developed to reduce injury risks, has gained attention for its potential benefits in improving physical performance and dynamic balance. This study aimed to examine the impact of an 8-week FIFA 11+ training program on vertical jump, Illinois Agility, and Y-Balance Test (YBT) performances in adult male handball players. Twenty-five players from two senior national male handball teams were recruited and randomly assigned to an experimental group (\(n=13\)) or a control group (\(n=11\)). Assessments were conducted before and after the intervention, including the countermovement jump (CM), the Illinois Agility Test (IAT), and the Y-Balance Test (YBT), which measured anterior (AT), posteromedial (PM), and posterolateral (PL) reach directions as well as a composite score (CS). The FIFA 11+ group showed significant improvements after the eight-week program, with increased CMJ (\(p=0.013\)) and reduced IAT time (\(p<0.001\)). Dynamic balance, as measured by the YBT, improved significantly in both lower limbs (\(p=0.022\)-\(0.001\)), with enhanced postural stability across multiple directions (F = 6.92-\(20.23\), \(p=0.022\)-\(0.001\), \(\eta\)p\({}^{2}=0.366\)-\(0.628\), power = 0.68-\(0.98\)). In contrast, the control group exhibited minimal or no significant changes. While the results suggest that the FIFA 11+ program can improve specific performance outcomes in this population, the relatively small sample size and focus on a single sport and age group warrant caution in generalizing these findings. Further studies involving larger and more diverse cohorts are recommended.  
physical performance; balance; handball; FIFA11+ training program; vertical jump 2025157311 202
## 3 Experimental Results
black crosses, the different positions of the receiver are represented by red crosses and the point cloud represents the 100 measurements taken for every point and angle. An error ellipse with a confidence of 95% has also been drawn. The system has a higher precision and less dispersion in the center of the exploration area (P1) in contrast with the results obtained below a transmitting beacon (P5) or in the corner of the grid (P7). An Optitrack system [28] was used to obtain the real positions (ground-truth) of the transmitting  
Figure 11: Estimated positions and ground-truth in points P1 to P7 after 100 trials: (**a**) general view; (**b**) zoom in point P1 of the XY plane; (**c**) zoom in point P5 of the XY plane; (**d**) zoom in point P1 of the YZ plane; (**e**) zoom in point P5 of the YZ plane. beacons and the different positions at which the receiver was placed. This system consists of a set of cameras distributed throughout the room that allow the position of the desired object to be obtained with an accuracy of 0.1 mm. Table 1 shows the numerical results obtained and presented in Figure 6:0 The average errors obtained are 1.5 and 10 cm, and the standard deviation is less than 1 and 1.5 cm in the XY plane at P1 and P5, respectively. It can also be observed that the angle of rotation where the greatest errors are obtained in the XY plane is \(\beta=45^{\circ}\) for P1 and \(\beta=5^{\circ}\) for P5. The greatest errors appear where the transmitting beacons and the axes of the QADA photoreceptor are aligned.
# Real-Time Object Detection Based on UAV Remote Sensing: A Systematic Literature Review
## 3 Analysis of Selected Publications
### Overview of Reviewed Publications  
This subsection analyzes the general information contained in the 77 papers and provides an overview of the papers reviewed.  
Figure 3 illustrates that the need for real-time object detection was raised by researchers as early as 2002. In that study [28], the authors tried to use a UAV to track a target and maintain its position in the middle of the image. They ensured real-time performance through the combination of a successive-step and multi-block search method. However, it was not until 2019 that the number of relevant studies began to increase dramatically, reaching 27 in 2021. Although the number of studies decreased in 2022, the number remained above 20,  
Figure 2: The process of publication selection.  
and the overall trend has increased during the past years. We insist that real-time object detection thus remains a significant interest in the field of UAV remote sensing.  
In terms of literature sources, the majority of the literature comes from journals rather than conference proceedings. Figure 4 illustrates the names and the number of journals that have at least two papers, and the remaining journals with only one document are summarized in the 'Other' category. All conferences included only one selected paper. Therefore, they are presented as a whole in Figure 4, called 'Conferences proceedings'.  
The result indicates that publications on UAV real-time object detection were published in 40 different journals and 12 different conference proceedings. Of these, 46 journals or  
Figure 4: Distribution of selected publications in specific journals (_Remote Sensing, IEEE Access, Journal of Real-Time Image Processing, Sensors, Multimedia Tools and Applications_, and _Electronics_) or conference proceedings. Only journals with two publications or more are mentioned. Additional publications are presented in the ’Other’ category.  
Figure 3: The year of publication and the distribution of literature type.  
conference proceedings included only one piece of literature, with the research being relatively scattered across various fields, for example, in electronics [29; 30], multimedia applications [31; 32; 33], and transportation engineering [34; 35; 36]. The most popular journal is _Remote Sensing_, which had 11 papers, followed by _IEEE Access_ with 7 papers and _Sensors_ and _Journal of Real-time Image Processing_ with 4. From this, it can be derived that research on UAV real-time object detection has been focused on remote sensing and real-time image processing.
# Controlling Traffic Congestion in a Residential Area via GLOSA Development
## 2 Materials and Methods  
### Case Study  
This work is focused on a highway road and a residential road, with a focus on vehicles. Figure 1A,B depict a map of a significant road in Baghdad that connects the provinces in the southwest to the city center. Residents of the area complain of heavy traffic on a continuous basis. The study focuses on a segment of this road that runs between points A and B. Point A consists of an intersection of four legs. Two of these lanes lead to point B, one of which passes through the residential area, spanning 2.6 km in distance. It takes a vehicle approximately 4 min to cover this distance on the highway. In contrast, the same vehicle only takes 3 min to traverse the residential road, which is relatively short, as per Google Maps. The city suffers from high levels of pollution due to population growth over the past years, with a population of 9 million people. By focusing on traffic routing conditions, for example, eco-driving and eco-routing, governments seek to reduce the generation of pollutants and energy use by reducing traffic congestion and improving other factors [22]. Therefore, there has been a need to conduct more relevant research to improve the level of air quality. We propose a simulation model to study how to improve the level of air quality in residential areas by diverting vehicles outside the area at peak times and use the results of this simulation in order to generalize them to all regions.  
Figure 1: (**A**) Map of Baghdad showing traffic details and location of the section in the city. (**B**) Information and distance between point A and point B.
## 3 Construction of Integrated Network
### Establishment of the Air Network  
Most airports in China are now dual-use airports for passengers and cargo; therefore, in this study, only the connections between the nodes of the aviation network were considered; the volume and frequency of freight transportation between the nodes were not considered. The data on the air transportation network primarily came from the direct routes between cities listed in the \"Catalogue of Domestic Routees with Market-Adjusted Prices\" published by the Chinese government. Many of these cities only have one airport, but some cities have multiple airports; cities with multiple airports were represented by the city name. For example, Pudong and Hongqiao airports in Shanghai were represented by Shanghai. Only one airline route was reserved between each pair of cities, and repetitive routes were deleted. After screening, since there are no airports in Dongguan, Tangshan, Jiujiang, and Suzhou, 462 direct routes were selected among 40 node cities in the air transportation network. A topological map of the air transportation network was drawn using ArcGIS 10.2 software based on the data from the 462 direct links among the 40 node cities, as shown in Figure 5, which denotes the air transportation network among the 40 node cities connected by the air network.
# Misalignment-Resilient Propagation Model for Underwater Optical Wireless Links +
## 2 Underwater Photon Propagation Model
### Emitter and Sensor Rotation  
The emitter was frequently pointed along the \(z\) axis in the literature ([PERSON] et al., 2017). Yet, in this work, the ability to rotate the emitter along any direction when given a direction vector \(w\), as represented in Figure 5, was introduced.  
An efficient routine with no square roots or trigonometric functions to speed up the running time was implemented to generate a three-dimensional rotational matrix that rotated any unit vector \(f\) into \(w\) at an angle \(\alpha\)([PERSON] et al., 2017). Here, we considered \(f\) to be the unit vector on the \(z\) axis, which was defined as \(\hat{z}\). The vector product of \(\hat{z}\) and \(w\) was defined as \(s\) with vector components \(\left(s_{x},s_{y},s_{z}\right)\):  
\[s=\hat{z}\times w, \tag{13}\]  
In addition, the dot product of \(\hat{z}\) and \(w\) is expressed as  
\[q=\hat{z}\cdot w. \tag{14}\]  
An auxiliary variable \(m\) is defined as  
\[m=\frac{1-q}{1-q^{2}}=\frac{1-q}{s\cdot s}, \tag{15}\]  
Figure 4: Comparison of simulation results for the normalized received power with [PERSON]’s experimental data for a 3.6 m water tank, with different attenuation coefficients made by adding different quantities of scattering agent Maalox.  
Then, after considerable algebra, the rotation matrix can be simplified to [24]  
\[R(\mathbf{f},\mathbf{w})=\begin{bmatrix}q+ms_{x}^{2}&ms_{x}s_{y}-s_{z}&ms_{x}s_{z}+s_{y}\\ ms_{x}s_{y}+s_{z}&q+ms_{y}^{2}&ms_{y}s_{z}-s_{x}\\ ms_{x}s_{z}-s_{y}&ms_{y}s_{z}+s_{x}&q+ms_{z}^{2}\end{bmatrix}. \tag{16}\]  
Figure 6 shows a diagram of the complete system, including the AUV, diverging beam, propagation channel and receiver, composed of \(N\) lenses and detectors. The figure shows an example of angularly misaligned communication, in which the rotation angle of the emitter and the plane of the sensors are given by \(\gamma_{e}\) and \(\gamma_{s}\), respectively.
# Resilience Evaluation of Multi-Path Routing against Network Attacks and Failures
###### Abstract  
The current state of security and availability of the Internet is far from being commensurate with its importance. The number and strength of DDoS attacks conducted at the network layer have been steadily increasing. However, the single path (SP) routing used in today's Internet lacks a mitigation scheme to rapidly recover from network attacks or link failure. In case of a link failure occurs, it can take several minutes until failover. In contrast, multi-path routing can take advantage of multiple alternative paths and rapidly switch to another working path. According to the level of available path control, we classify the multi-path routing into two types, first-hop multi-path (FMP) and multi-hop multi-path (MMP) routing. Although FMP routing supported by networks, such as SD-WAN, shows marginal improvements over the current SP routing of the Internet, MMP routing supported by a global Internet architecture provides strong improvement under network attacks and link failure. MMP routing enables changing to alternate paths to mitigate the network problem in other hops, which cannot be controlled by FMP routing. To show this comparison with practical outcome, we evaluate network performance in terms of latency and loss rate to show that MMP routing can mitigate Internet hazards and provide high availability on global networks by 18 participating ASes in six countries. Our evaluation of global networks shows that, if network attacks or failures occur in other autonomous systems (ASes) that FMP routing cannot avoid, it is feasible to deal with such problems by switching to alternative paths by using MMP routing. When the global evaluation is under a transit-link DDoS attack, the loss rates of FMP that pass the transit-link are affected significantly by a transit-link DDoS attack, but the other alternative MMP paths show stable status under the DDoS attack with proper operation.  
network security; multi-path routing; high availability; Internet-scale evaluation
## 3 The Image-Based Model
### Saliency-Driven Layout  
When a student is interacting with the virtual scene, specific spatial attributes of his/her state can be exploited to compute salient locations for that attribute in a given volume \(V\). Such list of locations can be really useful for teachers/analysts as it provides _volumetric_ data comprising spatial propensities, visual attention, locomotion fixations, etc. A policy can be employed to _rank_ specific locations in \(V\) during the session, for instance, persistence over time and/or other contributing factors (see for instance [7] regarding focus). This offers analysts a more compact overview of single or multiple  
Figure 3: Quantized session atlas (QSA) layout. A sample locomotion from \(L_{0}\) to \(L_{t}\) locations, involving only XY-plane for clarity (**A**); encoding motion into color-coded signal (**B**); QSA layout (**C**) and temporal compression (**D**).  
sessions to discover specific interaction patterns in selected portions of the scene, once again encoded as lightweight images.  
The main goal of saliency tables (\(\sigma\)) is to keep a running record of salient locations inside \(V\), sorted by rank (left to right, see Figure 4). We adopt the same color-coding approach described in Section 3.2 to produce a single image, using alpha channel to store rank. Such running list is maintained constant in size (k) using an algorithm based on [28] to keep frequency counts. Once exchanged as image data, such layout allows to easily perform routines on GPU or offline image processing to partially evaluate \(\sigma\)--for instance by discarding rightmost pixels (lower rank). It becomes also quite easy to compare different signatures produced by one or more students by using image-based manipulations. As an example, \(\sigma_{p}\) (locomotion) can be useful for analysts and teachers to study exploration patterns, map location preferences in \(V\) or even support the creation or improvement of locomotion graphs [29] for the IVE. Furthermore, there are several advantages of encoded saliency tables:  
* compactness: the layout suits very well networked scenarios and remote analytics (see results in Section 5).
* partial evaluation: the sorted approach of \(\sigma\) allows the rightmost pixel to be discarded (less relevant voxels for chosen policy) maintaining overall approximation of the signature.
* multiple attributes: different spatial attributes can be arranged in one atlas (like QSA layout in Section 3.2) to transport multiple \(\sigma_{0},\sigma_{1},...\sigma_{h}\) per volume, using a single lightweight image.
# SteXMeC: A Student eXperience Evaluation Methodology with Cultural Aspects
## 6 Student eXperience Evaluation Methodology Validation
### Expert's Backgrounds  
Understanding the background of expert evaluators is essential to ensuring the rigor of the methodology validation process. The evaluators' years of specialization, areas of expertise, and experience working with relevant populations provide vital context for interpreting their feedback and assessments. Their diverse professional backgrounds contribute to a more comprehensive evaluation of the methodology.  
1. For this study, we engaged 14 expert evaluators, evenly split between men and women.
2. The evaluators come from seven different nationalities: Chile, Spain, Colombia, France, Romania, Brazil, and Argentina.
3. Their areas of expertise cover several fields, such as HCI, UX, CX, and Psychology.
4. On average, the experts have 12.43 years of experience in their respective fields, which brings significant depth to the evaluation.
5. In response to the question, \"Before participating in our research, were you familiar with the concepts of CX or SX?\", 78.57% of the experts confirmed their familiarity with these areas.
6. Additionally, when asked, \"Before becoming a collaborator in our research, have you had experience working with university students?\", 85.71% of the experts affirmed prior or ongoing experience working with students, averaging 14.45 years in this capacity.
7. Finally, in response to \"Have you previously participated in any expert judgment evaluations?\", 71.42% of the evaluators indicated prior experience in such evaluation processes.  
This expertise and experience ensure that the feedback and assessments provided by the evaluators are well-informed and reliable, offering a strong foundation for validating our methodology.