## 1 Introduction
They observed that the heat transfer coefficient increased by about 6% by increasing from 110 \({}^{\circ}\)C to 130 \({}^{\circ}\)C, and the energy efficiency decreased by 4%. With experimental data obtained from 9 different drying operations in a 10-chamber hot-oil-heated stenter and 12 different empirical and semi-empirical thin-layer models, [PERSON] and [PERSON] [12] mathematically modeled the drying behavior of 67% cotton + 33% polyester knit fabrics containing Thessaloniki knit fabrics. Their models were in good agreement with experimental data for different thin-layer drying models. [PERSON] et al. [13], using MATLAB SIMULINK software ([[https://www.tutorialspinont.com/matlab/matlab_simulink.htm](https://www.tutorialspinont.com/matlab/matlab_simulink.htm)]([https://www.tutorialspinont.com/matlab/matlab_simulink.htm](https://www.tutorialspinont.com/matlab/matlab_simulink.htm)), accessed on 17 January 2024), developed a mathematical model for mass, moisture, and heat transfer balance for rotary dryers that can be used in different industries and demonstrated the applicability of the model in a stenter machine. [PERSON] et al. [14] conducted a comparison study based on energy modeling for two different stenter machines and belt conveyors. Based on their energy modeling, it was shown that cotton and wool fabrics could be dried and transported with ten percent less energy consumption when using stenter machines and belt conveyors. Airflow in stenter machines has also been numerically investigated by other researchers. [PERSON] et al. [15] modeled the airflow in the injector channel of a stenter machine using ANSYS CFX software ([[https://www.ansys.com/products/fluids/ansys-cfx](https://www.ansys.com/products/fluids/ansys-cfx)]([https://www.ansys.com/products/fluids/ansys-cfx](https://www.ansys.com/products/fluids/ansys-cfx)), accessed on 17 January 2024). The effects of the injector channel's geometry (flat-inclined), the height of the injector channel (40 mm, 80 mm, and 160 mm), and the injector hole's geometry (circle, ellipse, quadrilateral, and pentagon) on the flow were investigated. They compared the mass flow rates passing through each injector on the nozzle and revealed that a 40 mm channel height, circular hole geometry, and straight channel type gave better results. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [16] numerically presented the velocity distribution of airflow in a stenter machine channel and examined the effect of some geometric parameters of the injector duct and nozzle on airflow velocity distribution in the stenter machine cabin. According to the available literature, although many studies have been conducted on the drying performance and energy efficiency of stenter machines, investigations into airflow distribution in stenter machines are limited. Most of all, it appears that there are hardly any studies on the cooling performance of stenter machines in the available literature. This study aims to reveal the effect of geometric and operating parameters such as porosity (\(\beta\)), injector angle (\(\alpha\)), airflow velocity (V\({}_{\text{a}}\)), and fabric velocity (V\({}_{\text{f}}\)) on the fabric-cooling performance of stenter machines and airflow distribution.