# Research on the Correlation of Safety Risk of Railway Bridge Construction Based on Meta-Analysis
## 2 Literature Review  
In the 1980s, several large- and medium-sized enterprises in China began incorporating safety system engineering into their management departments and implementing various risk management methods. These methods included fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, Monte Carlo simulation, and grey theory, which were utilized to address risk identification and yielded some positive outcomes [1]. However, most of the studies focused on developing a project complexity framework based on a single variable dimension of the risk source. They aimed to assess the safety risk of large-scale construction projects [2] or conducted in-depth investigations into the characteristics of railway bridge safety risk management from a single case perspective [3]. Consequently, these studies identified safety risks in the railway bridge construction process based on individual risk sources or engineering cases, without elucidating the interaction mechanisms among safety risk factors. To address this gap, this paper explores the innovation of the security risk management approach from a systemic perspective, discussing the interaction mechanisms of safety risk factors. In recent years, technological advancements, including the Internet of Things, big data analysis, and artificial intelligence, have been increasingly implemented in traditional industry production safety risk management [4]. These technologies enable timely monitoring and prediction of potential safety risks, facilitating the implementation of appropriate intervention and management measures to minimize the occurrence of accidents.  
Meta-analysis is a quantitative and comprehensive method used in conducting literature research. It enables the objective analysis of research findings from similar studies, reducing inconsistencies in conclusions and mitigating the impact of negative results. By overcoming the limitations of small individual samples, it enhances the accuracy of the literature research, providing a more comprehensive and reliable analysis. Through the utilization of meta-analysis, [PERSON] analyzes the findings of risk identification and summarizes various types of risks [5]. The paper introduces the risk matrix for quantitative evaluation into a meta-network analysis tool. From a network perspective, [PERSON] examines the impact of risks on project objectives, the relationships between risks, and the influence of risk factors on risks [6]. Additionally, [PERSON] qualitatively analyzes the impact of risk factors on the historical literature in order to identify key risk factors [7]. Furthermore, [PERSON] employs risk data to construct an early warning model [8]. The use of the meta-analysis method facilitates the rational utilization of published literature data from multiple researchers. This enables the identification of major risks from a broader perspective and provides a theoretical foundation for safety risk management.  
This paper conducts a meta-analysis of safety risk factors during the construction stage of railway bridges in China since the 21 st century, utilizing various sources such as literature databases, case databases, official website data, and news reports. By integrating the intricate relationship between cases and safety risk factors from diverse perspectives, it explores the correlation of safety risks in railway bridge construction. Furthermore, it delves into theoretical advancements in the field of safety risk management and investigates the innovation path paradigm in traditional industries. This research holds reference value and practical significance for enhancing safety risk management capabilities in the production construction of the railway industry and other traditional industries.