###### Abstract  
_Triticum aestivum_ (wheat) is one of the most significant crops worldwide. This study compares the chemical composition and radical-scavenging activities of two cultivars of _T. aestivum_, Saekeumkang wheat (SW) and Baekang wheat (BW). Sprouted wheatgrass extracts of SW and BW were analyzed using assessments of total polyphenol and flavonoid contents, liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/MS), and high-performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode array (HPLC-PDA). Radical-scavenging activities were evaluated using 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS-+) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydraz1 (DPPH) assays. The results indicated that SW had a higher total polyphenol content than BW, while no significant differences were observed regarding total flavonoid content. HPLC-PDA analysis, guided by LC-ESI/MS, identified four compounds--saponarin, schafoside, isorientin, and isovitexin--with isoorientin (3.02 mg/g extract) and schafoside (4.23 mg/g extract) present in higher concentrations in SW compared to BW. In the ABTS-+ assay, the two samples did not show noticeable differences, with SW displaying a scavenging ability with an IC\({}_{50}\) of 3.36 mg/mL, and BW with an IC\({}_{50}\) of 3.19 mg/mL. Contrarily, the DPPH assay results showed an inverse trend, suggesting that the radical-scavenging behavior may be influenced by the synergistic and antagonistic interactions of the compounds in SW and BW extracts. _Triticum aestivum_; HPLC/PDA; phytochemical; total phenolic content; antioxidant activity +
Footnote †: journal: Applied sciences  
0000-0002-4307-2274][PERSON]  
0000-0002-333-1888][PERSON]  
0000-0002-3330-1888][PERSON]  
0000-0002-3330-1888][PERSON]
analyzed the phenolic profiles of six TAL cultivars using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and found that ferulic and \(p\)-coumaric acids were primary constituents. In addition, [PERSON] et al. [12] isolated 14 phenolic compounds from the aerial parts of TAL, including luteolin derivatives, such as isoorientin (luteolin-6-C-glucoside). The young grass of the wheat plant has also been shown to contain various other substances, such as chlorophyll and vitamins [13]. [PERSON] et al. [14] conducted a HPLC analysis to identify the chemical composition of TAL grass and found that it contained phenolic compounds, such as gallic acid, catechin, and chlorogenic acid. Furthermore, [PERSON] et al. [15] isolated eight compounds, including isoorientin, isoscoparin, and daucosterol, from a methanol (MeOH) extract of TAL sprouts. However, there is still a lack of research about the chemical composition and biological functions about the two less-studied cultivars, namely Saekeumkang wheat and Baekkang wheat. Sprouted TAL, or wheatgrass, is widely utilized as a juice for human consumption owing to its potential pharmaceutical uses, such as managing thalassemia and hemolytic anemia [16]. In addition, wheatgrass juice has become popular globally as a nutritional supplement, as it contains valuable nutrients, for example, amino acids and vitamins [17]. Several studies have demonstrated the nutritional and other benefits of sprouted vegetables, such as buckwheat and barley sprouts. For example, buckwheat sprouts have been studied for their abundance of minerals and amino acids; in addition, they possess higher ruin contents than buckwheat [18]. The phytochemicals that have been isolated from the seeds of tartary buckwheat include kaempfer, quercetin and kaempfer-3-O-runioside [19]. The results from an oral in vivo assay on inhibited rats confirmed that the flavonoids isolated from buckwheat sprouts conferred anti-stress effects [20]. Due to their flavor and scent, buckwheat sprouts are utilized as a food ingredient, for example, in salads [21]. Likewise, barley grass is a rich source of various components, such as vitamins, proteins, chlorophyll, and saponarin [22]. While comparing the chemical composition of the fermented and unfrenmented sprouts of barley, [PERSON] et al.