## 1 Introduction  
The sustainable development of trucking industry is an indispensable part of the sustainable development of the modern logistics industry and supply chain management [1]. Scholars have begun to pay more attention to the sustainable development of the trucking industry in emerging markets, such as truck scheduling, truck delivery, truck routing model, and transport routes [2]. Yet few scholars have studied technological attributes for sustainable development and how the willingness to pay for sustainable technological innovations differs between organizational buyers (carriers) and individual buyers (owner-operators). In today's market, a considerable proportion of trucks are sold by manufacturers from emerging markets, such as Dongfeng Motor, FAW, CNHTC, and Tata Motors [3]. Over the last decade, Chinahas become the largest heavy truck market in the world, accounting for over half of total sales and an average contribution rate to global heavy truck sales of 40% to 50% [3]. With its huge domestic market and the introduction of advanced technologies from foreign partners, China is now the largest manufacturer of medium and heavy trucks in the world. Today, almost all global companies within the automotive industry have set up production in China [3]. Sustainable development in the global market is not entirely dependent on sales but also on whether companies can outperform their competitors in terms of quality, reliability, and sustainable technological attributes. Research in sustainability literature has emphasized that China's trucking industry is one of the industries that need to be improved in the sustainability goals. The Chinese government also attaches great importance to the sustainable consumption and sustainable development of trucking industry [3]. Therefore, studying sustainable technologies in the trucking industry will enhance the sustainable development goals in China. Global trucking's sustainable development is confronted with many challenges, such as pressure on total cost of ownership (TCO), demand shift to growth regions, continuous market cyclicality, suitable business models, and brand strategies. To remain competitive and cater to customer needs, businesses have to be continually attuned to the emergence and application of cutting-edge technologies. They need to respond to the demands of a highly diversified market and monitor growth trends in emerging markets, such as China and India. There is no universal business model that can adequately address all the issues in the global market. Instead, the demands of regional and local submarkets need to be considered, with innovations and technologies being tailored to address the sustainable technological challenges in each specific area. Therefore, the first research question was proposed:  
RQ1: To achieve the sustainable development goals in China, what emerging sustainable technologies are important in trucking industry? With increasing diversification and specialization of the motor carrier industry, many researchers have analyzed the development of specific technologies in this area. For example, [PERSON] et al. [4] studied one of the most popular innovations in the U.S. trucking industry, satellite communication systems. [PERSON] et al. [5] focused specifically on vehicle routing technologies and their applications in distribution management. [PERSON] et al. [6] examined trucking firms' adoption of new safety technologies. Another cohort of researchers has examined the industry from a more macro perspective. For example, [PERSON] and [PERSON] [7] highlighted six major drivers of technology change and offered suggestions to the carrier industry on how to respond to emerging trends and meet the needs of customers. Other studies have assessed the most important features of the carrier industry from the shippers' perspective [8; 9].