## 2 Results and Discussion
### Antibacterial Properties of the Controlled APPJ Treatment  
The efficiency of elimination of plant pathogenic bacteria from the genera _Dickeya_ and _Pectobacterium_ from the surface of plant seeds significantly varied depending on the bacterial strain or the plant species (Table 1). The highest microbial inactivation rates, from 4.23 to 4.95 logs, were revealed for the _Vigna radiata_ seeds. Also, notable APPJ-based bacterial eradication rates were achieved from the surface of artificially inoculated _Cucumis sativus_ (1.61-3.28 log reductions) and _Pisum sativum_ (1.61-4.79 log reductions) seeds. The lowest percentage reduction rates, varying from 0.86 to 1.12 logs, were noted for plant pathogenic bacteria inoculated on the surface of _Zea mays_ seeds. The size, shape, and irregular surface of these seeds presumably impeded the efficacy of the APPJ treatment. It is also worth noticing that the _Zea mays_ seeds were the biggest ones examined in this study. In another piece of research by [PERSON] et al., 100% elimination of the naturally occurring bacteria from the maize seeds after 60 s APPJ exposition and similarly total inactivation of fungi after 180 s treatment have been achieved with the use of Diffuse Coplanar Surface Barrier Discharge (DCSBD) [43]. Though, it needs to be stressed that significantly lower initial microbial counts were determined in that research (5 \(\times\) 10\({}^{1}\) CFU per gram of seeds concerning bacteria and 3.2 \(\times\) 10\({}^{3}\) CFU/g of seeds regarding filamentous fungi) in contrast to the current one. Also, as stated before, [PERSON] et al. eliminated natural microflora in the case of fungi from the genera _Aspergillus_, _Fusarium_, _Penicillium_, _Cladosporium_, and _Penicillium_. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c r r r r} \hline \hline
**Bacterial Strain** & _Cucumis sativus_ & _Pisum sativum_ & _Vigna radiata_ & _Zea mays_ \\ \hline _Dickya solani_ & 99.6451\(\%\)\(\pm\) 0.6045\% & 99.9984\(\%\)\(\pm\) 0.0024\% & 99.9989\(\%\)\(\pm\) 0.0019\% & 88.2043\(\%\)\(\pm\) 9.5591\% \\  & (2.45) ab & (4.79) a & (4.95) a & (0.93) d \\ \hline _Pectobacterium_ & 97.539\(\%\)\(\pm\) 7.3272\% & 98.2651\(\%\)\(\pm\) 2.355\% & 99.9942\(\%\)\(\pm\) 0.0048\% & 92.4406\(\%\)\(\pm\) 10.1985\% \\ _atrospelicum_ & (1.61) a & (1.76) bc & (4.23) a & (1.12) c \\ \hline _Pectobacterium_ & 99.9477\(\%\)\(\pm\) 0.0722\% & 97.5813\(\%\)\(\pm\) 2.25\% & 99.9977\(\%\)\(\pm\) 0.0019\% & 86.2014\(\%\)\(\pm\) 16.002\% \\ _carotocorum_ & (3.28) a & (1.61) bc & (4.64) a & (0.86) d \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: The percentage (and logarithmic) reductions in the number of viable cells of soft rot _Pectobacteriaceae_ artificially inoculated on the surface of various plant seeds. The percentage reductions in the number of colony-forming units (CFU) per mL of the Ringer buffer were shown. A 0.5 McFarland (McF \(\approx\) 1–2 \(\times\) 10\({}^{8}\) CFU mL\({}^{-1}\)) density of the bacterial suspension was implemented for seed inoculation. Statistically significant differences between treatment groups for a single plant species are indicated by diverse letters as determined by Kruskal–Wallis test followed by applying the post hoc [PERSON]’s least significant difference criterion (\(p\) < 0.05). The experiment was repeated three times with three technical replicates. Figure 1: Constituents of the implemented model affecting the response of the system. The effect of the working parameters x\({}_{1}\) (the He flow rate, in L min\({}^{-1}\)) and x\({}_{2}\) (the modulation frequency of the HV AC, in Hz) on the measured response L (the length of sprouts, in mm) of the system. Verticillium_, while the exact bacterial species have not been identified in that research. In addition, artificial inoculation-based experiments with several fungal species have been conducted there.