## 1 Introduction  
Research on Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) has been conducted across different fields, such as in agronomy, the military field, livestock, poultry, home automation, and vehicular traffic [1]. Their objective is to monitor the phenomena that occur, determine or take actions depending on the results obtained and extract useful information to reprogram systems through increasingly intelligent algorithms. WSN and communication protocols are useful in medical applications to develop monitoring systems and apply the benefits of technology focused on assisting elderly patients. Improved healthcare monitoring becomes possible if it can take values from either a phenomenon or object that is in motion or static to integrate Information and Communications Technology (ICT) with medicine to monitor a patient's principal vital signs and investigate the operation of wireless transmission. This work focuses on monitoring and applying the system for older adults, the most vulnerable population in society [2]. Improved monitoring of older adults could reduce mortality. The proposed sensor system is meant to be used in the comfort of the patient's home and provides safety recommendations on a daily basis. Sensor networks and their performance are increasingly being studied in health-monitoring applications. They greatly help the medical field by obtaining online, real, and highly available data [3]. A large number of tests carried out with the help of such sensors have already been conducted, from monitoring body temperature to smart sensors that help tissue reconstruction or surgical interventions [4; 5]. In medicine, various values to be sensed from the human body are considered critical when evaluating a patient. These data must be considered for any diagnosis, becoming proactive monitoring where the physician can observe the values generated online without having to be present in person [6]. In addition, there are fundamental aspects when diagnosing a patient that must be considered. These vital signs are considered essential when evaluating a patient's health status since they can provide an accurate signal of human body function before giving a diagnosis based on experience, symptoms, and tests carried out [7]. In older adults, due to their advanced age, it is difficult for them to make periodic visits to specialized health centers. This consequently gives rise to the need to adequately monitor the principal vital signs. This makes it possible to monitor them more effectively, avoid health status complications, and collect statistics of their different values [8]. Continuous monitoring of the state of health guarantees timely care by the doctor, preventing their health from deteriorating. Using sensors, this periodic monitoring is conducted remotely without the need for the patient to attend specialized health centers or for the doctor to have to mobilize. It is also helpful in maintaining personal reports with the possibility of sending them to relatives or loved ones and having an updated overview of the day-to-day health status of the older adult [9]. The study and application of WSN and the implementation of prototypes allow us to have a clearer idea of what is intended to be monitored. In this case, they would be the main vital signs of the elderly and some metrics related to sleep and the way we sleep. By having a system that allows this type of monitoring to be carried out, it is about positively impacting the quality of life of the elderly. With a timely assessment, future inconveniences can be avoided, premature death can be avoided, and appropriate actions can be taken. Having knowledge on how people sleep is essential to determine their state of health, especially when they suffer from stress or diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, or other conditions that affect rest [10]. To monitor sleep, sensors and electrodes are needed, which are uncomfortable and, in turn, can further impair mental rest.