## 3 Results
### Association of Multifactors with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
[PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON] and [PERSON] [72] explored the association of the clinical and baseline severity of patients with anxiety, depression, health-related quality of life, and the costs of CTS in patients referred to secondary care, where 753 patients with CTS provided complete baseline data and self-reported symptom severity, and NCS for one hand per patient were used. Multivariable linear regression, adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, duration of CTS, smoking status, alcohol consumption, employment status, BMI, and comorbidities were performed. Patient-reported symptom severity in CTS is significantly and positively associated with anxiety, depression, health-related quality of life, and National Health Service and societal costs, even after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, comorbidities, smoking, drinking, and occupational status. [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON] and [PERSON] [73] determined the effects of factors such as age, sex, and socioeconomic status on carpal and cubital tunnel management syndromes. The records of 273 patients diagnosed with CTS or cubital tunnel syndrome were analyzed. Information was collected regarding demographic, clinical, and socioeconomic (insurance) aspects (average income). A regression analysis was performed to determine which input variables contributed to surgical release of their neuropathy and to wait times for those who underwent surgery. The age of the patient was identified as the most critical predictor in terms of the surgical release, and among those with multiple neuropathies, men were more likely to have surgery than women. One study considered trigger digit release with CTS. [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON] and [PERSON] [74] studied 101 cases of patients with trigger digit release operations before and after the release of CTS in two comparison studies. The first study investigated cases that required endoscopic CTR using age, sex, and NCS data, while the second, conducted between the open CTR and endoscopic carpal tunnel release-trigger digit release groups regarding trigger digit release occurrence after CTR and NCS improvement after CTR. The statistical evaluations were done utilizing the Mann-Whitney U test. There was no evidence of any difference due to age or sex. [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON] and [PERSON] [75] considered the role of sleep position as a factor of CTS based on the prevalence of night symptoms, where 68 cases and 138 control subjects were analyzed. Comparisons between the preferred sleeping positions was made and the data were stratified by age and sex, controlled by BMI. The logistic regression models were developed in which sleep position was made a function of CTS, adjusting for BMI. A strong and significant association was found between a preference for sleeping on the side and the presence of CTS in men and women under 60 years of age, and BMI was associated with CTS in women but not in men. One out of the 42 multifactorial studies determined whether ultrasound could be an alternative to NCS in the diagnosis of CTS [76]. Twenty-nine patients participated in the study and the cross- section of the median nerve was measured using ultrasound, finding that there was no significant difference in age, sex, BMI, and side involvement between the patients. Therefore, it was concluded that ultrasound is not accurate enough to replace the nerve conduction study to diagnose CTS. [PERSON] et al. [77], when studying the disposition of clinical symptoms in patients with CTS through NCS, identified the primarily symptoms in the male sex in the three lateral fingers, hand, and forearm, while the female sex registered greater symptoms in the tips of the lateral fingers and the hand. Regarding the influence of age, patients 50 years and older had more significant symptoms in the three lateral fingers; in contrast, patients aged \(<\)50 years of age presented more symptoms in the wrist.