# Territorial Development as an Innovation Driver: A Complex Network Approach
## 3 Results
### Rethinking StartupBlink Ranking in the Framework of Wealth Communities
We focus the attention on countries whose score in a ranking is either above or below the expectations provided by the score of other countries, both in the same community and in other communities. In particular, we define _top-of-the-class_ countries in a given ranking those whose score falls, at the same time  
* Beyond the 75 th percentile of the community to which they belong;
* Beyond the 25 th percentile of at least one higher-wealth community. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**StartupBlink Index** & **Quality Index** & **Quantity Index** & **Business Index** \\ \hline
**2.661** & 0.863 & 0.148 & **1.789** \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Resolution ratio values for the global StartupBlink index and its constituents. In bold, \(R\) values greater than \(1\). Figure 8: Violin plots of the distributions in the three wealth communities of the overall StartupBlink index (**top left** panel), and of the specific business (**top right**), quantity (**bottom left**) and quality (**bottom right**) indexes. The plots related to the overall and the business index show a tendency of community distributions to separate from each other. This tendency, more pronounced in the overall case, is confirmed by the analysis of the resolution ratio. An analogous criterion is applied to define _room-for-improvement_ states, as those whose score is placed both  
Under the 25 th percentile of the community to which they belong;  
Under the 75 th percentile of at least one lower-wealth community. We can consider top-of-the-class countries as reference cases that can be taken as models by states similar in terms of development that aim at improving their status in the considered ranking. The mismatch of their performances and the community-based expectation can be further characterized by assigning a symbol \"\(\uparrow\)\" for each 25 th percentile of a higher-wealth community that is overcome by its score. On the other hand, _room-for-improvement_ countries are the ones that, given their wealth level, can potentially achieve better results in the ranking, possibly closing the gap with countries in similar development conditions. In this case, we provide a further characterization of performance by marking a country with a symbol \"**\" each time the score lies under the 75 th percentile of one lower-wealth community. Countries having either the highest scores in community I or the lowest scores in III are not covered by the previous definitions, since it is not possible to compare their results with more or less developed communities, respectively. We thus introduce two specific categories to classify these remarkable performances. _Benchmark countries_ are those belonging to community I, characterized by a score beyond the 75 th percentile of that community: hence, they can be viewed by the rest of the world as best-practice. _Training countries_ are those belonging to III, with their scores smaller than the 25 th community percentile: trailing states could require specific support to improve their political and economic practices in boosting their innovation ecosystems. We report below the complete evaluation of country performances, as measured by StartupBlink index and business index, according to the aforementioned criteria:  
_StartupBlink index_  
**Community I**. _Benchmark_: USA, GBR, CAN, ISR, AUS, NLD; _Room for improvement_: NZL (*), AUT (*), NOR (*), LUX (*), ISL (*), MLT (*). **Community II**. _Top-of-the-class_: ESP (\(\uparrow\)), EST (\(\uparrow\)), RUS (\(\uparrow\)), LTU (\(\uparrow\)), KOR (\(\uparrow\)), POL (\(\uparrow\)), CZE (\(\uparrow\)); _Room for improvement_: BLR (*), MKD (*), MDA (*), CYP (*), PRI (*), BIH (*). **Community III**. _Top-of-the-class_: IND (\(\uparrow\)), MEX (\(\uparrow\)), THA (\(\uparrow\)), COL (\(\uparrow\)), BRA (\(\uparrow\)), ARE (\(\uparrow\)), IDN (\(\uparrow\)), TUR (\(\uparrow\)), ARG (\(\uparrow\)), MYS (\(\uparrow\)); _Training_: BGD, JAM, BWA, SLV, ZMB, VEN, TTO, BHR, PRY, QAT, BOL, DZA, ETH. _Business index_  
**Community I**.