## 4 Applying SWE
### SWE Projects and Applications
OOSTethys lead two test-beds under the umbrella of the OGC, the Oceans Science Interoperability Experiment (Oceans IE) 1 & 2, to evaluate and advance the SOS. The two test-beds produced reference implementations as well as engineering reports and best practices [112, 113] about how to implement and utilize SOS services. Similar to the Oceans IE 1 & 2 test-beds, but based on other thematic domains, the Groundwater IE (_[[http://www.opengeospatial.org/projects/initiatives/gwie_](http://www.opengeospatial.org/projects/initiatives/gwie_)]([http://www.opengeospatial.org/projects/initiatives/gwie_](http://www.opengeospatial.org/projects/initiatives/gwie_))) as well as the Surface Water IE (_[[http://www.opengeospatial.org/projects/initiatives/swie_](http://www.opengeospatial.org/projects/initiatives/swie_)]([http://www.opengeospatial.org/projects/initiatives/swie_](http://www.opengeospatial.org/projects/initiatives/swie_))) have been conducted. Within the GITEWS project (_[[http://www.gitews.de/_](http://www.gitews.de/_)]([http://www.gitews.de/_](http://www.gitews.de/_))) [114], a tsunami early warning system for the Indian Ocean has been developed based on SWE. The system integrates terrestrial observation \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|l|l|l|l|l|l|l|} \hline
**Project Name** & **Funding Source** & **Time Frame** & **SOS** & **SPS** & **SAS** & **SES** & **WNS** & **SIR** & **SOR** \\ \hline AFIS & ESKOM, CSIR & & + & & + & & + & & \\ South Esk & & & + & & & & & & \\ Hydrological Sensor Web & & + & & & & & & & \\ GITEWS & BMBF & 2005–2008 & + & & & & & & \\ OSIRIS & EC FP-6 & 2006–2009 & + & + & + & + & + & + & + \\ SANY & EC FP-6 & 2006–2009 & + & + & + & & & & \\ Intamap & EC FP-6 & 2006–2009 & + & & & & & & \\ OOSTethys & NOAA, NSF & 2006–2009 & + & & & & & & \\ Oceans IE 1 \& 2 & _unfunded_ & 2006–2009 & + & & & & & \\ SoKNOS & BMBF & 2007–2010 & + & + & & & & & \\ h2.0 & Google.org & 2009–2010 & + & & + & + & & & \\ Groundwater IE & _unfunded_ & 2010 & + & & & & & & \\ Surface Water IE & _unfunded_ & 2010–2011 & + & & & & & & \\ GeoCENS & CANARIE & 2009–2011 & + & + & & & & & \\ GENESIS & EU FP-7 & 2009–2012 & + & & + & + & + & + & + \\ ESS & EC FP-7 & 2009–2013 & + & + & & + & & & \\ EO2 Heaven & EC FP-7 & 2010–2013 & + & & & & & & \\ UncerWeb & EC FP-7 & 2010–2013 & + & & & & & & \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 7: Overview of selected projects and their utilization of certain SWE services. networks of seismology and geodesy with marine measuring sensors, satellite technologies and pre-calculated simulation scenarios. The SoKNOS project (_[[http://www.soknos.de/_](http://www.soknos.de/_)]([http://www.soknos.de/_](http://www.soknos.de/_))) developed concepts to support governmental agencies, private companies, and other organizations in handling disastrous events. The SOS was used to integrate live sensor data into the situation map of a disaster management organization [76]. Additionally, a concept for tasking mobile sensors and optimizing their coverage based on interpolation errors was developed using the SPS [115]. The h2.0 project [116] has aimed at developing community-driven services for monitoring the water supply in East Africa. This is achieved by developing a Human Sensor Web in which user generated content submitted via cell phones is integrated with SWE services to inform communities about water supply. Also a user-driven platform is developed within the GeoCENS project (_[[http://www.geocens.ca/_](http://www.geocens.ca/_)]([http://www.geocens.ca/_](http://www.geocens.ca/_))). The SWE based platform shall serve for biogeoscience researchers to store and share ground-based sensor array data regardless of their location on a scale not currently possible.