## 2 Materials and Methods
### Satellite Data  
The remote sensing dataset (Table 1) is composed of 21 images from TerraSAR-X (TSX) and 13 images from Sentinel-2 (S2) for 2016. The list of the images used is reported in Table 2, with the acquisition dates and the relative Day of the Year (DoY). Cloud cover for each image in the S2 dataset is reported, with the average value between the two tiles. The TSX sensor was chosen to simulate NOCTUA data because of the similarity of their technical characteristics. The images were selected to include at least one acquisition per month for the winter season and two for the spring-summer period to have complete data coverage throughout the entire year and a better temporal resolution in the growing period of summer crops. TSX images have been acquired in Stripmap mode, Single Look Complex format, single polarization (HH), and with the same flight track direction. S2 images have been \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Sensor**} & **Sensor** & **Acquisition** & \multirow{2}{*}{**Processing Level**} & **Spatial** & \multirow{2}{*}{**Revisit Time**} & **Spectral Ranges** \\  & **Type** & **Mode** & & & **Resolution** & \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{**sentinel-2**} & Optical & \multirow{4}{*}{-} & \multirow{4}{*}{Level 2A} & \multirow{4}{*}{10–60 m} & \multirow{4}{*}{5 days} & VIS \\  & Multispectral & & & & & NIR \\  & & & & & & SWIR \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{**TernSAR-X**} & Synthetic & Stripmap mode & \multirow{4}{*}{-} & \multirow{4}{*}{3 m} & \multirow{4}{*}{11 days} & \multirow{4}{*}{X band} \\  & Aperture Radar & Single Look & & & & \\ (SAR) & Complex & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Technical specification of sensors. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Sensor**} & **Data** & \multirow{2}{*}{**DoY**} & **Cloud** & **Cloud** & **Average Cloud** \\  & & & **Cover** & **Cover** & **Cover** \\  & & & **T32 TMR** & **T32 TNR** & **Cover** \\ \hline Sentinel 2 & 13/01/2016 & 13 & 6\% & 0\% & 3\% \\ TerraSAR-X & 19/01/2016 & 19 & & & \\ TerraSAR-X & 10/02/2016 & 41 & & & \\ TerraSAR-X & 21/02/2016 & 52 & & & \\ TerraSAR-X & 03/03/2016 & 63 & & & \\ Sentinel 2 & 23/03/2016 & 83 & 15\% & 36\% & 26\% \\ TerraSAR-X & 25/03/2016 & 85 & & & \\ TerraSAR-X & 05/04/2016 & 96 & & & \\ Sentinel 2 & 22/04/2016 & 113 & 25\% & 20\% & 23\% \\ TerraSAR-X & 27/04/2016 & 118 & & & \\ TerraSAR-X & 08/05/2016 & 129 & & & \\ Sentinel 2 & 22/05/2016 & 143 & 42\% & 8\% & 25\% \\ TerraSAR-X & 30/05/2016 & 151 & & & \\ TerraSAR-X & 10/06/2016 & 162 & & & \\ TerraSAR-X & 21/06/2016 & 173 & & & \\ Sentinel 2 & 01/07/2016 & 183 & 34\% & 37\% & 36\% \\ TerraSAR-X & 02/07/2016 & 184 & & & \\ Sentinel 2 & 11/07/2016 & 193 & 45\% & 36\% & 41\% \\ Sentinel 2 & 21/07/2016 & 203 & 50\% & 37\% & 44\% \\ TerraSAR-X & 24/07/2016 & 206 & & & \\ TerraSAR-X & 04/08/2016 & 217 & & & \\ Sentinel 2 & 10/08/2016 & 223 & 9\% & 24\% & 17\% \\ TerraSAR-X & 26/08/2016 & 239 & & & \\ TerraSAR-X & 06/09/2016 & 250 & & & \\ Sentinel 2 & 09/09/2016 & 253 & 13\% & 7\% & 10\% \\ Sentinel 2 & 19/09/2016 & 263 & 18\% & 16\% & 17\% \\ TerraSAR-X & 28/09/2016 & 272 & & & \\ Sentinel 2 & 29/09/2016 & 273 & 38\% & 29\% & 34\% \\ TerraSAR-X & 09/10/2016 & 283 & & & \\ TerraSAR-X & 20/10/2016 & 294 & & & \\ Sentinel 2 & 08/11/2016 & 313 & 1\% & 26\% & 14\% \\ TerraSAR-X & 22/11/2016 & 327 & & & \\ TerraSAR-X & 14/12/2016 & 349 & & & \\ Sentinel 2 & 28/12/2016 & 363 & 1\% & 0\% & 1\% \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Satellite dataset: Sentinel 2 (left) and TerraSAR-X (right). The acquisition dates are associated with the Day of the Year (DoY). For S2, the cloud cover for each tile (T32 TMR and T32 TNR) is reported, together with the average value. acquired at Level 2A from Theia Catalogue ([[https://www.theia-land.fr/](https://www.theia-land.fr/)]([https://www.theia-land.fr/](https://www.theia-land.fr/)), accessed on 20 October 2021) [36].