# Digitalizing Maritime Containers Shipping Companies: Impacts on Their Processes
## 3 Results and Discussion  
The validated BPMo for maritime container shipping companies can be found as additional material of this paper. The application of the methodology from Section 3 resulted in a total of 46 application data sheets that contain the results of the research. These results are the applications data sheets, they have the impacts in the BPMo, and they can be found in Appendix A of the present work. Regarding the impacts on the processes, a total of 147 impacts have been found. The processes highly impacted by different applications are shown in Table 2.  
Figure 2: Application data sheet sample. The processes with higher impacts are within the operations process categories domain. The reason is that these processes are the ones that produce the wealth of the company, so these are the ones subject to higher investments. There are six new processes that need to be added to the business process model for different applications:  
* 3.3.1 BIS analysis of containers' capabilities. This process is added to the process group \"3.3 Acquire/Rent Containers\" for application \"5.01 Container tracking\". The introduction of this application recommends a process to group the tasks and activities related with the different use of a container and the technological capabilities from it in an IoT environment. * 4.2.2 BIS analysis of liner terms based on AI analysis of client information. This process is added to process group \"4.2 Analyze and Define Liner Terms\" for application \"2.05 Client offering optimization via AI analysis of client information\". * 6.2.1 BIS start equipment monitorization. This process is added to process group \"6.2 Depart, Sea Voyage and Berth\" for application \"5.02 Optimization of equipment usage\". * 6.2.6 BIS end equipment monitorization. This process is also added to process group \"6.2 Depart, Sea Voyage and Berth\" for the same reason, the application \"5.02 Optimization of equipment usage\". * 7.3.1 BIS analysis of operational data for maintenance. This process is also added to process group \"7.3 Ship Maintenance\" for applications \"2.06 Analysis of engine parameters to anticipate issues\", \"2.11 Optimizing maintenance process using digital twin and AI\", \"2.22 Using AI to reduce emissions\", \"3.02 Big data analysis for energy efficiency\", and \"3.03 Analysis of data on consumption and emissions for bunkering selection\". * 7.3.1 BIS capture and analysis of ship structure image. This process is added to process group \"7.3 Ship Maintenance\" for application \"2.13 Analysis of ship structure images to anticipate issues\". On the opposite side, there are three processes that will need to be decommissioned due to the introduction of different applications:  
* 6.2.4 Technical support at shore; the introduction of applications \"1.01 UV-controlling system\" or \"1.02 Autonomous vessels\" makes it unnecessary. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l c} \hline \hline
**Process** & **Number of Impacts** \\ \hline
6.2.2 Sea Voyage & 15 \\
7.3.1 Plan and Execute Ship Daily Maintenance & 9 \\ and Periodical Crew Exercises & 7 \\
6.1.5 Charge Ship & 7 \\
6.3.4 Unload Ship & 7 \\
6.2.1 Unberth Ship & 6 \\
6.2.6 Berth Ship & 6 \\
7.3.1 BIS Analysis of Operational Data & 5 \\ for Maintenance & 4 \\
2.2.1 Analyze Competitors’ Routes & 4 \\
6.1.3 Prepare Stowage Plan & 4 \\
6.3.2 Prepare Ship Unloading Plan & 4 \\
9.8.5 Define Safety Framework (Goals, KPIs, & 4 \\ Training, Drills, etc.) & 4 \\
6.1.2 Manage Departure Customs and Rest of & 3 \\ Departure Paperwork & 3 \\
6.3.1 Manage Arrival Customs and Rest of & 3 \\ Arrival Paperwork & 3 \\
9.3.3 Manage Employees Training & 3 \\
9.4.3 Manage Training on Board & 3 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Processes with more than two impacts. * 11.5.2 Define development plan; the introduction of application \"6.02 Use of SaaS via cloud\" makes it unnecessary. * 11.5.3 Develop and test solution for the same reason mentioned when talking of decommissioning process 11.5.2. The total number of KPIs used is 51.