# Effect of Human Hair Fibers on the Performance of Concrete Incorporating High Dosage of Silica Fume
## 2 Materials and Method
### Mixing and Casting Procedure  
The percentage of HHFC in the modified high-volume SF concrete was calculated using design expert software design of experiment (DOE). According to the RSM study, the proportion of HHF ranged from 0 to 5%, while the percentage of SF ranged from 0 to 30%. As illustrated in Table 4, a total combination with various percentages of HHFC and SF was created. The concrete ingredients were dry mixed for three minutes, followed by wet mixing for an additional three minutes, SP was then added, and the final mixing required no less than 4 min. Following that, the properties of fresh concrete were determined. A 150 mm \(\times\) 300 mm cylinder and a 100 mm \(\times\) 100 mm \(\times\) 500 mm prismatic beam were then made from the fresh concrete mixture. The compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexure strength of HHFC was measured and assessed for each mixture. The loading rate was set at 3.0 kN/s, and the hardened cubes were tested at 7, 14, and 28 days for each combination, with three specimens tested for each test and the average results reported. The prismatic beams measuring 100 mm \(\times\) 100 mm \(\times\) 500 mm were made for the ASTM three-point loading bending test [29; 30].  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Mix Design**} & **Cement** & **Fine** & **Coarse** & **Water** & **Humar** & **Silica** & **Superplasticizer** & **Slump Test** \\  & **Segregate** & **Aggregate** & **Kg/m3** & **Kg/m3** & **Hair Fiber** & **Fume** & **Kg/m3** & **Kg/m3** & **Kg/m3** \\ \hline C1 & 383 & 727 & 1103 & 191.6 & 0 & 0 & 4.5 & 50 mm \\ \hline C2 & 383 & 727 & 1103 & 191.6 & 1.91 & 0 & 4.5 & 48 mm \\ \hline C3 & 383 & 727 & 1103 & 191.6 & 3.83 & 0 & 4.5 & 46 mm \\ \hline C4 & 383 & 727 & 1103 & 191.6 & 5.75 & 0 & 4.5 & 45 mm \\ \hline C5 & 383 & 727 & 1103 & 191.6 & 7.85 & 0 & 4.5 & 41 mm \\ \hline C6 & 383 & 727 & 1103 & 191.6 & 9.5 & 0 & 4.5 & 38 mm \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 4: Defining Cases for Each Mix Design Samples.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Oxide (\%)** & **OPC-Type 1** & **SF** \\ \hline CaO & 65 & 0.25 \\ \hline SiO\({}_{2}\) & 17.15 & 95 \\ \hline Na\({}_{2}\)O & 1.86 & 0.1 \\ \hline MgO & 1.74 & 0.4 \\ \hline Al\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) & 5.6 & 0.2 \\ \hline K\({}_{2}\)O & 1.19 & 1.2 \\ \hline Fe\({}_{2}\)O\({}_{3}\) & 3.21 & 0.05 \\ \hline SO\({}_{3}\) & 2.66 & 0.1 \\ \hline TiO\({}_{2}\) & 0.32 & - \\ \hline P. size \(\mu\)m & 20 \(\pm\) 1 & 0.2 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 2: Chemical Composition of Cement and Silica Fume.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l l l} \hline \hline
**Property** & **Fine Aggregate** & **Coarse Aggregate** & **Range** & **Standard** \\ \hline Aggregate particle size & Less than 4.75 mm & 20 mm nominal size & 4.75 mm to 20 mm & ASTM: C192/C 192M-06 \\ \hline Specific gravity & 2.65 & 2.72 & 2.5 to 3.0 & AASHTO T 85-88 \\ \hline Fineness modulus & 2.7 & 4.3 & 2.5 to 5.0 & AASHTO T 85-88 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 3: Properties of Aggregates.