## 2 A Case Study for the MSW Management of the Procida Island
### Life Cycle Inventory
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{5}{c}{**2011 and 2021**} \\ \hline  & **Plastics** & **Glass** & **Paper** & **Metals** \\ \hline Hydrated lime, g & - & - & - & 625 \\ \hline Nitrogen, g & - & - & - & 508 \\ \hline Residues, kg & 132 & - & 34 & 92 \\ \hline _Air emissions_ & & & & \\ \hline CO\({}_{2}\) non fossil, kg & - & - & 73 & - \\ \hline CO\({}_{2}\) fossil, kg & - & - & 150 & - \\ \hline CO non fossil, g & - & - & 0.3 & - \\ \hline CO fossil, g & - & - & 17 & 0.02 \\ \hline N\({}_{2}\)O, g & - & - & 72 & - \\ \hline CH\({}_{4}\) fossil, g & - & - & 31 & - \\ \hline CH\({}_{4}\) non fossil, g & - & - & 0.2 & - \\ \hline SO\({}_{2}\), g & - & - & 61 & 52 \\ \hline
**AVOIDED BURDENS** & & & & \\ \hline Avoided PE production, kg & 127 & - & - & - \\ \hline Avoided PET production, kg & 203 & - & - & - \\ \hline Avoided PP production, kg & 34 & - & - & - \\ \hline Avoided PS production, kg & 5 & - & - & - \\ \hline Avoided glass production, kg & - & 903 & - & - \\ \hline Avoided newspaper production, kg & - & - & 173 & - \\ \hline Avoided testliner production, kg & - & - & 225 & - \\ \hline Avoided steel foils, kg & - & - & - & 600 \\ \hline Avoided aluminium billets, kg & - & - & - & 141 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: _Cont._ \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline  & **2011** & **2021** \\ \hline \hline  & **Composting** & **Anaerobic Digestion** \\ \hline
**Input, kg** & 1000 & 1000 \\ \hline
**Direct Burdens** & & \\ \hline
**Consumptions** & & \\ \hline Water, kg & 528 & 10 \\ \hline Diesel for general plant activities, L & 0.96 & 0.3 \\ \hline Electric energy, kWh & 53 & - \\ \hline
**Residues** & & \\ \hline Solid residues to landfill, kg & - & 153 \\ \hline Solid digestate to landfill, kg & - & 156 \\ \hline Leachate to treatment, kg & 74 & - \\ \hline
**Air emissions** & from biofiliter & from CHP and biofilter \\ \hline NOx, g & - & 336 \\ \hline CO, g & - & 278 \\ \hline TOC, g & - & 38 \\ \hline VOC, g & 484 & - \\ \hline PM, g & 35.3 & 3.1 \\ \hline SO\({}_{2}\), g & - & 41.3 \\ \hline H\({}_{2}\)S, g & 15.5 & - \\ \hline HCl, g & - & 6.4 \\ \hline Hg, g & 2.6 & 0.01 \\ \hline HF, g & - & 0.58 \\ \hline NH\({}_{3}\), g & 16.7 & 8.55 \\ \hline Cd + Tl, g & - & 0.03 \\ \hline PCDD/DF, g & - & \(3.7\times 10^{-9}\) \\ \hline PHA, g & - & 0.09 \\ \hline Sb, g & - & 0.04 \\ \hline As, g & - & 0.04 \\ \hline Co, g & - & 0.04 \\ \hline Cr, g & - & 0.04 \\ \hline Mn, g & - & 0.07 \\ \hline Ni, g & - & 0.07 \\ \hline Pb, g & - & 0.04 \\ \hline Cu, g & - & 0.04 \\ \hline Vn, g & - & 0.04 \\ \hline Heavy metals, g & 18.8 & - \\ \hline Mercaptans, g & 2.6 & - \\ \hline Aldehydes, g & 2.6 & - \\ \hline Ketones, g & 5.9 & - \\ \hline Amine, g & 2.6 & - \\ \hline Fat volatile acids, g & 3.3 & - \\ \hline Biogenic CO\({}_{2}\) from biogas combustion, kg & - & 262 \\ \hline
**Water emissions from liquid digestate treatment** & & \\ \hline COD\({}_{\text{max}}\), g & - & 47 \\ \hline BOD\({}_{5}\), g & - & 15 \\ \hline Suspended solids, g & - & 3 \\ \hline NH\({}_{4}\), g & - & 1.8 \\ \hline
**AVOIDED BURDENS** & & \\ \hline Electric energy exported to the grid, kWh & - & 154 \\ \hline Compost used for landfill capping, kg & 290 & - \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Direct and avoided burdens related to management of separately collected biowaste (EWC 200108 and 200201). Data Source: [8; 25]. Unsorted residual waste. The management of URW includes a mechanical stage aimed at producing a solid recovered fuel (SRF) to be sent to a combustion-based WHe plant. Residues from the mechanical stage, the amount of which (Figure 2) is strictly related to the URW composition, as quantified starting from W-MySir, include the organic fraction sent for biostabilisation and metals sent for material recovery.