# Exploring the ViDiDetect Tool for Automated Defect Detection in Manufacturing with Machine Vision
## 3 Proposed Solution to the Problem
### Selection of the Camera and Its Components  
Choosing the right smart camera is a critical decision for any industrial or commercial application. To make an informed choice, there are several key reference parameters to consider. First and foremost, the scope of the application should be clearly defined. Understanding the specific requirements, such as image quality, processing speed, and environmental conditions, is essential. Next, the type and resolution of the camera's sensor play a crucial role in capturing the necessary details. Data acquisition speed is another critical factor, especially for applications that require real-time monitoring. Connectivity and compatibility with existing systems are vital to ensure seamless integration. Physical dimensions and mounting options should align with the installation environment. Budget constraints must also be taken into account, as well as any additional features required for the application, such as specialized lighting or onboard processing capabilities. By carefully considering these reference parameters, the In-Sight D900 (ISD90S-61-3709) camera from Cognex was selected for the analysis of the issue discussed in this paper. The camera is shown in Figure 1.  
The parameters of the In-Sight D900M camera were read from the technical documentation provided by the manufacturer. Table 2 compares the types of D900 series cameras. The D905M camera used in this application, according to its specification, is a monochrome camera and has a data acquisition speed of 26 fps. Figure 1: Smart camera Cognex In-Sight D900M [36]. After the analysis and experimental measurements of the stand, the LEC-59870 lens was selected. The proposed lens is shown in Figure 2.  
Lens Parameters:  
* Focal length: 16 mm;
* f/1.4: 16 aperture;
* Minimum detection distance: 100 mm. Due to the need to adjust the focus on the site of the vision system assembly, a lens with a variable aperture was selected, which makes it possible to precisely focus depending on the height of the lens above the detail. Another element of the vision system is the illuminator. Lighting is one of the most important components of a machine vision application. Improper target lighting can lead to loss of information and productivity. The lighting technique includes the light source and its position relative to the part and the camera. Cognex vision systems offer different combinations of external and built-in lighting options, depending on the environment and application. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Image Type** & **D905M** & **D905C** & **D902M** & **D902C** \\ \cline{3-4}  & **Monochrome** & **Color** & **Monochrome** & **Color** \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Imager Typer Resolution  Acquisition (pixels)} & 2/3 inch CMOS & 2/2.3 inch CMOS \\  & (3.45 μm \(\times\) 3.45 μm pixels) & (3.45 μm \(\times\) 3.45 μm pixels) \\  & 5 MP (2448 \(\times\) 2048) & 2.3 MP (1920 \(\times\) 1200) \\  & 26 fps & 16 fps & 51 fps & 34 fps \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Memory Memory  Additional Storage (\(\over\) 16 GB non-volatile flash memory)} & \multirow{3}{*}{3 GB SD card, network drive via FTP over gigabit network} \\  & \multirow{3}{*}{Lenses  SD card status, pass/fail LED and 360° viewing indicator ring, network LED, and error LED} \\  & & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Ligting} & External lights via light control connector \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{I/O} & Network  Built-in & Gigabit Ethernet (10/100/1000 Mbps) 1 dedicated trigger IN, 1 general purpose IN, 2 general purpose OUT, 2 bi-direction IN/OUT \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Mechanical  Production (\(\over\) 16 Weight  Protection & 16 dedicated trigger IN, 1 general purpose IN, 2 general purpose OUT, 2 bi-direction IN/OUT \\  & 16-In the case of the discussed situation, testing the wear of the cutting tool, depending on the appearance of the surface of the tested detail, high-intensity, diffused ODS75 OverDrive Brick Light LED lighting (Figure 3) with the possibility of a stroboscopic effect was used.