## 3 Results and Discussion
### The Nature of the Materials and Their Preservation State
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{3}{*}{**Chemical Element**} & \multicolumn{6}{c}{**Elemental Composition in Weight Percent (\%):**} \\ \cline{2-7}  & **Preparation** & **Varnish +** & **Red Pigment** & **Blue Pigment** & **Ag Foil** & **Au Foils** & **Bronze Gilding** \\  & **from P1** & **Dirt from P2** & **from P3** & **from P4** & **from P5** & **from P6** & **(Regilding from** \\  & **Sample** & **Sample** & **Sample** & **Sample** & **Sample** & **Sample** & **P2 Sample** \\ \hline Au & - & - & - & - & 10.91 & 46.33 & - \\ Ag & - & - & - & - & 47.27 & 3.54 & - \\ Cu & - & 1.95 & - & - & - & 1.92 & 59.31 \\ Zn & - & 0.53 & - & - & - & 0.61 & 17.66 \\ Hg & - & - & 20.02 & - & - & - & - \\ Pb & - & - & 26.43 & - & - & - & - \\ C & 11.36 & 20.08 & 10.43 & 18.74 & - & 11.95 & 9.27 \\ O & 45.38 & 64.54 & 22.57 & 64.46 & 30.31 & 24.73 & 13.75 \\ S & - & 0.70 & 8.21 & 4.47 & - & - & - \\ Si & 1.36 & 2.37 & 2.23 & 2.98 & - & 2.72 & - \\ Al & 0.72 & 0.86 & 3.21 & 1.40 & - & 2.39 & - \\ Ca & 38.03 & 3.73 & 2.57 & 2.54 & 9.22 & 3.62 & - \\ Mg & 0.54 & 0.36 & 1.00 & 0.94 & - & - & - \\ Na & 1.15 & 1.56 & 0.89 & 2.49 & - & - & - \\ K & 0.44 & 1.98 & 0.53 & 1.01 & - & - & - \\ Fe & 1.02 & 1.01 & 1.86 & - & - & 2.19 & - \\ Cl & - & 0.33 & - & 0.91 & 2.30 & - & - \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: EDX elemental composition of the analyzed samples of pictorial materials and gildings. The spectra of the three samples have a similar complexity, as pigments and fillers are closely dispersed in the two groups of binders: dried boiled flax oil, very poorly sapgnified, for red and blue colors and the animal glue for the chalk powder preparation and red bolus from earth colors. The characteristic peaks of the old flax oil in P3 sample (red pigment) corresponding to the two ranges 4000-1500 and 1500-600 cm\({}^{-1}\) are: 3424, 2958, 2865 and 1743 cm\({}^{-1}\), respectively, 1477, 885, 856, 835, 797, 727 cm\({}^{-1}\), which, as a result of aging and poor sapgnification processes due to the lead-based colors (Minium and ceruse) differ in value for the P4 sample, with peaks: 3547, 2975, 2877, 2675, 2602 and 1747 cm\({}^{-1}\), respectively, 1468, 887, 797,697 cm\({}^{-1}\). At 1743 cm\({}^{-1}\), for P3 sample, and 1747 cm\({}^{-1}\), for P4 sample, are the representative peaks of the ester, which is attributed to fatty acids formed by hydrolysis of glycerin esters, whose degradation is limited by oxygen access [16; 33; 53]. The same peaks with small value changes of the wave number and intensity are found in P2 sample: 3470, 2964, 2874, 1942, respectively, 1469, 1322, 796, 723 and 631 cm\({}^{-1}\). The representative peak of the ester, attributed to the fatty acids formed by the hydrolysis of chemically modified glycerin esters by aging, is found in P2 sample at 1747 cm\({}^{-1}\). Similarly, the peaks specific to the animal glue from the preparation, in the form of traces, are found in all three samples, with some changes in the wave number and the intensity values. The spectrum appearance for Vermilion or Cinnabar overlaps with that of the boiled flax oil from the P3 sample composition, with very small differences in the specific area of the deformation vibrations (\(\delta\)) at 642 cm\({}^{-1}\). The Vermilion also has representative peaks that overlap with those of the waters (3318, 3330 and 2205 cm\({}^{-1}\)), then over those of the ceruse and Minium at 1526, 1223 and 925 cm\({}^{-1}\). The relatively intense peak at 1526 cm\({}^{-1}\) is attributed to lead soap [16; 33]. The IR spectra for ultramarine pigment (Na\({}_{8}\)Al\({}_{6}\)Si\({}_{6}\)O\({}_{24}\)S\({}_{4}\)) show specific absorption bands: aluminosilicates (1352, 1098, 1054, 1000, 907, 853, 655 and 622 cm\({}^{-1}\)), calcite (1450 and 870 cm\({}^{-1}\)) and residual kaolinite (907 cm\({}^{-1}\)).