## 1 Introduction  
During the transportation of solid-liquid two-phase mixtures, the flow channels of the pump are subjected to varying levels of wear. In addition, each particle (e.g., particle size) and operational (e.g., flow rate) parameter exerts a different effect on the wear characteristics of the flow-passing components of a pump. Therefore, studies regarding the internal wear characteristics of a pump transporting solid-liquid two-phase flows are necessary to improve pump design, and usage and achieve optimization [1; 2; 3; 4; 5]. Several factors can cause pump wear; however, the five primary factors that cause significant wear are slurry concentration, flow rate, angle of impact, particle size, and particle shape [6]. [PERSON] et al. reviewed the literature on pump wear characteristics from various perspectives, including the properties of the solid particles, flow characteristics of the slurry, and the concentration of solids, and consequently provided a useful reference for the optimization of pump design [7]. [PERSON] et al. performed maximum stress computations to study the wear caused by coarse particles in the flow-passing components of a centrifugal pump and showed that the wear on the flow-passing components of a pump depends on particle size, particle shape, angle of impact, and flow rate [8]. [PERSON] et al. performed numerical simulations to study the effects of slurry-particle impact velocity, mass concentration, and particle size on the wear of the flow-passing parts and casing of a centrifugal pump. They found that particle concentrations greater than 20% resulted in the wearing of the casing wall to gradually increase over time [9]. [PERSON] et al. studied the effects of sediment particle size, particle shape, and particle concentration on the erosion wear of the impeller of a double-suction pump in the Jingtai Yellow River Irrigation Project and found that erosive wear primarily occurred around the leading edge (LE) and trailing edge (TE) of the impeller [10]. [PERSON] et al. analyzed the impeller wear caused by solid particles, considering a variety of sediments with varying LE angles, and found that it mainly occurred on its working surfaces and rear cover [11]. Further, to predict the wear caused by solid-liquid two-phase flows on slurry pumps, [PERSON] et al. studied the velocities and concentrations of solid particles in a radial cross-section of a slurry pump and performed simulations using a 3D slurry pump model [12; 13]. Based on an analysis of impeller wear in centrifugal slurry pumps, [PERSON] et al. proposed an optimal hydraulic design to minimize impeller wear [14]. In addition to numerical studies regarding the effects of particle size parameters and operating conditions on pump wear characteristics, many researchers have also employed experimental methods to study pump wear characteristics. However, the vast majority of these studies are qualitative in nature, and they aim to address pump wear problems by observing the state of wear zones inside the flow channels of a pump. It has been experimentally demonstrated that particle erosion is the primary cause of impeller damage in centrifugal pumps [15; 16]. In a computational study by [PERSON] et al. focused on the wear of heavy-duty slurry pumps, small flow rates were found to result in very unstable pump flow as well as significant backflow. In addition, they also found that an increase in particle concentration increased flow resistance, backflow, and local wall abrasion. These computational results were subsequently confirmed via field tests [17]. [PERSON] et al. performed a comparison between the wear of slurry pumps in field and laboratory conditions, based on which specific wear conditions of a pump (local velocity, concentration, particle size, size distribution, and particle shape) were concluded to be important for further study to better understand pump wear problems [18]. [PERSON] et al.