# Analysis of Driving Behavior of Micromobility Vehicle Users at Mini-Roundabouts
## 1 Introduction  
In order to achieve the objectives of Agenda 2030, today's urban city centers have to face the dual challenge of reducing pollution and traffic congestion while improving accessibility and quality of life for citizens. Within this context, bicycles have played and continue to play an important role, while e-scooters have emerged as an outstanding innovation. Originally introduced as a novelty for the leisure sector, e-scooters have spread rapidly due to their convenience, enabling a paradigm shift in urban transportation. Their compact design, ease of maneuverability, and ability to navigate crowded urban areas make them an attractive solution for people seeking efficient, environmentally friendly mobility [1]. In modern European towns, e-scooters are the most common electric vehicles [2]. Field observation statistics indicate that, in certain cities, they have already surpassed regular bicycles in terms of popularity. It is estimated that the uptake of e-scooters exceeds that of e-bike sharing schemes by a factor of four, with over 20 million users in Europe alone [3]. This growth trend makes e-scooters a crucial element in the urban transportation system, especially in bridging the last mile between public transport hubs and final destinations. This expansion highlights the potential of e-scooters to reduce dependence on private cars for short trips, promoting a more resilient and sustainable urban transport system. The rise of micromobility, driven primarily by the proliferation of e-scooters and e-bikes, has brought significant benefits to both urban dwellers and urban systems. However, it has also brought significant challenges, particularly in terms of safety and the integration of micromobility vehicles into the traditionally car-dominated urban road network. The rapid uptake of e-scooters underscores the need for cities to rethink their infrastructure and make the necessary adjustments to accommodate these new forms of mobility. While these vehicles offer a sustainable and convenient mode of transportation, they interact with road systems that were originally designed for conventional motor vehicles. This leads to potential conflicts and safety risks for micromobility users and other road users. Therefore, a sophisticated understanding of the interactions between road infrastructure and micromobility vehicles has become an important area of research [4; 5]. While cyclist safety has been extensively researched in recent decades, research on other forms of micromobility, including e-scooters, electric skateboards, and unicycles, remains limited. Recent studies indicate a growing interest in these devices, driven primarily by the increase in public sharing schemes [6; 7]. However, there remains a significant gap in understanding the usage patterns and safety implications of these newer forms of micromobility, particularly in relation to their interactions with existing road infrastructure [8; 9]. In particular, gaps concern the knowledge of the driving behavior of micromobility vehicle users in relation to different road infrastructure configurations. This knowledge gap represents a significant obstacle to the effective design of infrastructure and the formulation of regulatory measures necessary to safely accommodate micromobility. An adequate understanding of how e-scooter users interact with different types of road infrastructure, such as mini-roundabouts, intersections, and cycle lanes, is essential for creating a safe and accessible urban environment for all road users. Effective regulatory measures, comprehensive urban transport planning, and the redesign of road infrastructure are essential to ensure the safety of micromobility users alongside other road users. This may include redesigning roads with dedicated lanes for micromobility, better signage, and traffic calming measures to create a safer and more equitable urban environment.