However, the end goals for flight crews and ATCOs might differ, and flight performance might deteriorate if both sides are unable to establish a common understanding. [PERSON] et al. [22] reviewed the current assessment approaches to measuring situational awareness in the aviation context and denoted that individual situational awareness might not be adequate for complex environments such as arrival and departure management under extreme weather conditions. The literature suggests that measuring shared situational awareness is more important than realising individual situational awareness. The current practice in shared situational awareness training for ATCOs is to provide them with flight training, such that they will be able to understand the roles of pilots through acquiring basic flying knowledge. Therefore, a suitable digital twin should be adopted to train shared situational awareness between pilots and ATCOs. Such a simulation platform can permit real-time interaction between pilots and ATCOs in order to develop a shared situational awareness, as well as serving as a solid research support platform for academic researchers to study shared situational awareness via experiment for the development of intelligent automation aids to pilots and ATCOs. Despite well-developed commercial flight simulators and ATC simulators being readily available, they are standalone systems and not integrated with each other. There is a lack of a collaborative decision-making training platform for air traffic operations in the industry. Therefore, the core contribution of the study is a cost-effective platform for pilot and ATCO training in collaborative decision making with high popularity. By linking and integrating the two digital twins for flights and ATC operations, i.e., the flight simulator and the ATC simulator, collaborative decision-making training and the corresponding intelligent automation aids could be realised and supported. In particular, as the flight simulation software is publicly affordable and the ATC simulation software is open-sourced, this provides a highly affordable and feasible solution for academic research and training. Therefore, the solution proposed in this paper serves as a solid foundation for developing advanced expert systems that strengthen future aviation safety. Furthermore, regarding the feasibility of collaborative decision-making training, the current study fosters a new direction for education and research in the aviation industry and academic community. Previously, most research only focused on either one of the parties but did not consider both roles. With the utilisation and integration of information and communications technology (ICT) resources for aviation operations, more work could be done to further strengthen the literature on teamwork in aviation. Most importantly, airline management and official bodies might consider incorporating this system into the current training plan for achieving a safer airspace in the future. Managerial insights could be gained from the current research to turn research ideas into real practice in the industry. Therefore, the core research questions of the current study are as follows:  
1. How could one incorporate the available digital twin into a suitable platform for shared situational awareness training? 2. Could the proposed platform reach a satisfying or even promising performance for shared situational awareness training? The remainder of the paper is organised as follows: Section 2 reviews the theoretical background and related work on collaborative decision making in air transport operations, the use of the digital twin-based platform in aviation vocational training, and the application of intelligent automation in aviation. Section 3 illustrates the system architecture of the digital twin-based platform. Section 4 presents the performance analysis and the discussions of the results. The conclusions, limitations of this study, and potential future work are presented in Section 5.