###### Abstract  
Foodborne microorganisms are an important cause of human illness worldwide. Two-thirds of human foodborne diseases are caused by bacterial pathogens throughout the globe, especially in developing nations. Despite enormous developments in conventional foodborne pathogen detection methods, progress is limited by the assay complexity and a prolonged time-to-result. The specificity and sensitivity of assays for live pathogen detection may also depend on the nature of the samples being analyzed and the immunological or molecular reagents used. Bacteriophage-based biosensors offer several benefits, including specificity to their host organism, the detection of only live pathogens, and resistance to extreme environmental factors such as organic solvents, high temperatures, and a wide pH range. Phase-based biosensors are receiving increasing attention owing to their high degree of accuracy, specificity, and reduced assay times. These characteristics, coupled with their abundant supply, make phages a novel bio-recognition molecule in assay development, including biosensors for the detection of foodborne bacterial pathogens to ensure food safety. This review provides comprehensive information about the different types of phage-based biosensor platforms, such as magnetoelastic sensors, quartz crystal microbalance, and electrochemical and surface plasmon resonance for the detection of several foodborne bacterial pathogens from various representative food matrices and environmental samples. b 202218 October  
Salmonella, Campylobacterbacter, Staphylococcus, Yersinia, Clostridium, and Listeria are transmitted through food animals, poultry, milk, or eggs [3]. Environmental transmission has been frequently reported for several of the pathogens, including Salmonella, E. coli O157:H7, and Campylobacter, during pre- and post-harvest food processing, storage, and transportation [4]. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) routinely monitors the presence of these pathogens in food [5]. The US FDA (Food and Drug Administration) and FSIS (Food Safety Inspection Service) agencies strictly regulate their presence in raw or ready-to-eat products [5]; therefore, reliable detection methods that are capable of detecting live pathogens are critical. Conventional foodborne pathogen detection methods mainly depend on specific biochemical, serological, and nucleic-acid-based techniques [6; 7]. These methods require skilled technicians and are time-consuming, expensive, and difficult to interpret. Most rapid detection methods cannot distinguish dead from live cells unless a growth-based enrichment step is used, making them inapplicable in many food processing facilities [8]. Conversely, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) or lateral flow immunochloratographic assays are simple and rapid biochemical immunoassays, but they have a low sensitivity [9; 10]. Similarly, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), biochips, and microarrays are some, but not all, of the nucleic-acid-based techniques that have been used for the investigation of foodborne microbes [6; 9; 11]. Nevertheless, various types of PCR techniques such as reverse transcriptase and multiplex PCR are ineffective at processing a large volume of samples without a pre-enrichment step and have high processing costs that make them impractical for day-to-day use [12]. Over the last few decades, bacteriophage-based biosensors have been recognized as a promising platform for detecting pathogens or sensing various biological analytes. Compared to other bio-receptors such as aptamers and antibodies, bacteriophages provide quite a few advantages in the detection of pathogens. Firstly, phages have a unique structure, including tail fibers that aid their binding to bacterial hosts, are highly specific, and are harmless to human cells (Figure 1). Virulent phages take 1-2 h to complete the infection cycle, quickening the release of the cytoplasmic marker from the infected host to be used in numerous detection systems.