# Change of Competences in the Context of Industry 4.0 Implementation
## 4 Discussion
This implies the need to deepen continuous knowledge of the field in which the worker is an expert but at the same time to take an active interest in developments in other disciplines. Formal education will no longer be sufficient in the future; lifelong learning will become necessary. * **Design mindset--**The ability to represent and develop tasks and work processes for desired outcomes. With the use of sensors, communication tools and the computing power of the PC world come new opportunities to apply a design approach to work. Workers will need to become skilled at recognising the kind of thinking that different tasks require and adapt their work environment to enhance their ability to perform these tasks. * **Cognitive load management--**Preparing for continuous work environment changes. There is a trend towards work-life blending, which implies that workplaces should be reconfigurable so that employees feel comfortable at work and are able to perform at a high and sustainable level. Related to the virtualisation of work is the necessary ability to differentiate and filter information in terms of relevance and to maximise a human's cognitive functioning using a variety of tools and techniques. The new generation of workers will need to develop their own techniques to deal with the problem of cognitive overload, and they will also need to become proficient in the use of new tools to help them cope with the onslaught of information. * **Virtual collaboration--**Remote working is becoming more and more widespread due to the globalisation of work. The ability to work productively, to manage and demonstrate presence as a member of a virtual team, to be able to communicate with colleagues working from the other side of the world or country, is becoming a necessity. Virtual team leaders must learn to work effectively with people they may never meet in person and be able to apply management tools in a virtual environment. Virtual team members need to improve their skills in finding a supportive environment that promotes productivity and well-being. * **Business Agility--**the employee's ability to compete and thrive in the digital age by responding flexibly to market changes, as well as reflecting on emerging opportunities with innovative and digitally-enabled business solutions [54]. It is a set organizational skills and work behaviours that allows freedom, flexibility and resilience to achieve goals [55]. The results of our research show that employees themselves are aware of the need for new skills that they do not yet possess or only to a limited extent. This creates a favourable environment for the application of learning on the part of employees who are willing to acquire the necessary skills. Our findings show that employees feel most strongly about the need for digital skills and technical (vocational) skills and the ability to learn. The research results show that on the employees' side, the skills (\"competences\") closely related to the introduction of new Industry 4.0 technologies are perceived as the most needed. The results also show that the idea that the implementation of Industry 4.0 is not a means of dehumanising work but a way to reduce the physical demands of work needs to be better publicised. This is important so that employees are motivated to acquire the missing skills and do not sabotage the implementation of Industry 4.0 because of the fear of losing their jobs. However, it is necessary to look at the issue of the skills needed in the future comprehensively, not only from the subjective perspective of employees but also from the perspective of the needs of industrial practice, given the rapid technological innovation where employees will soon share their workplaces with artificial intelligence and robots [51], the need to stay ahead of the competition and also by embracing the idea of the need for lifelong learning.