## 5 Conclusions  
In this paper, a new system for real-time monitoring of rainfall and accumulated rainfall has been presented and discussed. The system implements a Sensor Network based on the IoT paradigm and can cover safety-critical \"hot-spots\" with a relatively small number of strategically placed sensors in areas not covered by traditional weather radars and rain gauges, with the advantage of lower costs of deployment and maintenance.  
The Monte Scarpino experimental plant was used as a test-bed for the entire system. The analysis of the sensors performance suggested that a dense measurement grid of satellite microwave link could constitute a valuable complement to traditional monitoring system, especially when the time-space variability of precipitation over small areas has to be monitored in real-time and processed by hazard now-casting tools. The experimental results, obtained by comparing the measurements at four different sites of the plant with those of the WR located at Monte Settepani and a RG placed on the near Monte Gazzo, have confirmed the effectiveness of the system. Therefore, it can be concluded that, although still at an early stage of development, the project is very promising and goes in the right direction to achieve a fast and reliable monitoring system, generally allowing for the activation of emergency procedures based on nowcasting.  
About possible future improvements, a study on the exploitation of satellite signals with different polarization is scheduled, in order to gather more information about the meteorological perturbations (e.g., presence of hail).  
Conceptualization, G.L.G., M.C., and D.D.C.; methodology, M.C. and D.D.C.; validation, M.C., E.T., and D.D.C.; formal analysis, M.C.; investigation, G.L.G., E.T., and D.D.C.; data curation, E.T.; writing--original draft preparation, G.L.G. and E.T.; writing--review and editing, G.L.G., M.C., and D.D.C.; visualization, G.L.G. and E.T.; supervision, G.L.G., M.C., and D.D.C. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research received no external funding.  
Not applicable.  
Data Availability StatementData available on requestDataset provided by ARPAL could be subject to formal authorization by the Environmental Protection Agency of the Liguria Region. For further information please contact Dr. [PERSON] ([EMAIL_ADDRESS]).  
The authors acknowledge the Azienda Multiservizi e d'Igiene Urbana (AMIU) for useful information and data on the Scarpino landfill. The authors also acknowledge the Environmental Protection Agency of the Liguria Region (ARPAL) for having provided access to the radar, RGs, and environmental temperature datasets used in this work.  
The authors declare no conflict of interest.  
The following abbreviations are used in this manuscript:  
\begin{tabular}{l l} ARPAL & Agenzia Regionale per la Protezione dell'Ambiente Ligure \\  & (Environmental Protection Agency of the Liguria Region) \\ CCTV & Closed-Circuit Television (Camera) \\ DVB-S & Digital Video Broadcasting Satellite \\ DVB-S2 & Digital Video Broadcasting Satellite second generation \\ GIS & Geographic Information System \\ IoT & Internet of Things \\ ITU & International Telecommunication Union \\ LNA & Low Noise Amplifier \\ LNB & Low Noise Block (down-converter) \\ SRS & Smart Rainfall System \\ WR & Weather Radar \\ \end{tabular}