# Visioning the Future of Smart Fashion Factories Based on Media Big Data Analysis
## 5 Conclusion and Discussion  
Research on smart factories, along with research on technological applications, such as IoT, CPS, and smart grids, has been conducted using various approaches in various industries such as food [45], cars [46], and shipbuilding [47]. However, there are not many smart factory studies on the fashion industry. Furthermore, the media plays an important role in shaping public opinion and policy making. There is a need to study of smart fashion factories based on related discourse in the media. Moreover, analysis with big data has rarely been conducted in smart factory studies. The purpose of this study was to analyze the development degree and direction of global smart factories through automatic content and semantic network analysis based on more than 15,000 news articles. In addition to making suggestions on the future development directions and policies for the development of the fashion manufacturing sector. The findings of this study were as follows. First, it can be inferred from words that appear frequently in related news articles that smart factories are being actively adopted in the manufacturing and production fields. In addition, along with the development  
Figure 3: Word clouds of the emotions extracted from the news articles on smart factory. direction of smart factories such as automation, unmanned, and intelligent, words such as jobs, workers, and people appeared frequently, indicating that we need to pay attention to the people whose jobs are threatened by the development of smart factories. In other words, as it was an analysis of news articles, both high-tech words about smart factories and negative words about social problems were analyzed. This is because, like the results of previous studies [12; 13; 14; 15], news written in the form of a report on the application of advanced technology and news of social criticism were also used for keyword analysis. Through this, it can be confirmed that positive aspects exist about the advanced technology of smart factories, but there are also many negative viewpoints in public opinion. However, looking at the ranking, we found that words related to _job_ were lower than those related to _technology_, and the word _global_ also appeared, indicating that public opinion on a paradigm shift toward smart factories can be formed in the future. Therefore, it can be confirmed that although the fashion industry is labor-intensive and of low-maturity, it is indispensable to prepare for smart factories. Next, the CONCOR analysis observed four themes: construction status of smart factory, smart development direction, technologies applied to smart factories, and features of smart factories. These results are about the current smart factory construction and technology, and specific details can be confirmed. They show what needs to be developed and applied carefully compared to the current technology of the smart fashion factory discussed above. In the fashion industry, very advanced technology has appeared in Adidas and Amazon, but most SMEs are at maturity level 1. Most of them use irons, sewing machines, barcode attachments, and so on, and basic smart factory solutions such as devices, software, and networks are hardly present [11]. Only when these basic solutions are built, can fashion manufacturing step forward and undergo a paradigm shift. In addition, after this foundation is built, if robots, data, sensors, and cloud gradually access higher smart factory solutions, it will develop to the final stage. However, it is still at a low level, so a systematic strategy should be established for smart fashion factories. Finally, the opinion mining of articles related to smart factories reveal advantages such as efficiency, safety, speed, and ecological sustainability. Building a smart factory through these articles helps to form public opinion that various advantages exist. Mostly, cost reduction and usability approaches have been investigated in previous studies [12; 13; 14; 15], but this study focuses on sustainability.