# An Optimized Planning Tool for Microwave Terrestrial and Satellite Link Design
## 4 Use Case
### Satellite Project  
In this subsection, a satellite communication system is simulated using the developed tool. The tool, at the conclusion of the design phase, outputted the necessary antenna characteristics required to ensure a reliable connection.  
The simulated satellite system characteristics are presented in Table 9.  
For the present simulation, the orbit of satellite LCS 1 was used, with the main Keplerian elements listed in Table 10.  
The connection made between the satellite and the stations is depicted in Figure 14.  
Following the methods presented and using the weather characteristics outputted, the attenuation values were determined, which are presented in Table 11.  
Using all the inputted and outputted elements, in this step, the antenna characteristics were determined to establish a reliable communication system. Considering the  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Space diversity} & Distance between space diversity antenna & \multirow{2}{*}{10} \\  & and transmission antenna (m) & \\ \cline{2-3}  & Gain ratio between space diversity antenna & \\  & and transmission antenna & 1 \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Frequency diversity} & Carriers frequency separation (GHz) & 4 \\ \cline{2-3}  & Gain ratio between frequency diversity & \\  & antenna and transmission antenna & 1 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Signal equalization} & Minimum phase gain factor & 490 \\ \cline{2-3}  & Non-minimum phase gain factor & 35 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 7: Diversity and equalization characteristics for the simulated terrestrial project.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Frequency (GHz)**} & **1** & **3** & **5** & **7** & **9** \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{SESR critical margin (dB)} & \(-37.3\) & \(-0.5\) & \(11.7\) & \(4.97\) & \(-15.4\) \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{BBER critical margin (dB)} & \(-44.98\) & \(-8.2\) & \(4.0\) & \(-2.7\) & \(-23.1\) \\ \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{ESR critical margin (dB)} & \(-23.8\) & \(12.13\) & \(18.3\) & \(15.9\) & \(-1.9\) \\ \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{Unavailability due to rain critical margin (dB)} & \(1.3\) & \(19.454\) & \(23.7\) & \(13.6\) & \(-7.4\) \\ \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{Project critical margin (dB)} & \(-44.99\) & \(-8.2\) & \(4.02\) & \(-2.7\) & \(-23.1\) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 8: The critical margins of project clauses for the simulated terrestrial project using diversity and equalization.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline \hline Transmission antenna coordinates & \(39^{\circ}23^{\prime}59^{\prime\prime}\) N-\(8^{\circ}1^{\prime}0^{\prime\prime}\) W \\ \hline \hline Receptive antenna coordinates & \(16^{\circ}07^{\prime\prime}\) N-\(24^{\circ}0^{\prime}0^{\prime\prime}\) W \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{Uplink frequencies (GHz)} & \(2,4,6,8,10\) \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{Downlink frequencies (GHz)} & \(2,4,6,8,10\) \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{Transmission rate (Mbits/s)} & \(60\) \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{Bandwidth (MHz)} & \(36\) \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{Residual BER (RBER)} & \(10^{-4}\) \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{Unavailability year percentage (\%)} & \(0.15\) \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{Modulation} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{4-QAM} \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{Uplink polarization} & Horizontal \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{1}{c}{Downlink polarization} & Horizontal \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 9: Simulated satellite-link characteristics.  
elements presented for this simulation, the antenna characteristics outputted are presented in Table 12.