## 3 Results
### Tests on Prefabricated Elements  
An important feature when selecting gypsum composites for their use in lightweight partitions is the relationship existing between their bulk density and thermal conductivity. Therefore, first of all, Figure 8 presents the results obtained for these two properties. As can be observed in Figure 8, the decrease in density caused by the partial substitution of the original gypsum material with hemp additions results in an improvement in the thermal behavior of the composites. Thus, for compounds with a higher hemp powder G0.65-30%P and hemp fiber G0.65-30%F addition, the thermal conductivity was reduced by around 50% with respect to the original material without additions (G0.65). Additionally, bulk densities below 1000 kg/m\({}^{3}\) are obtained, which, combined with the fulfillment of the minimum mechanical resistances shown in Figure 4, suggests the potential application of these composites as a material for the manufacturing of lightweight building partitions. The results obtained for thermal conductivity and bulk density are aligned with those observed by other researchers. [PERSON], for instance, achieved a reduction in thermal conductivity in gypsum composites with crushed rice husk close to 25.5%, as well as a  
Figure 8: Determination of the thermal conductivity of the composites: (**a**) Thermal box used in the tests; and (**b**) results obtained for thermal conductivity and bulk density of the gypsum composites. 45.4% reduction using rice husk ash [51]. [PERSON] et al. also observed a decrease in the thermal conductivity of gypsum composites made with wool and coconut fibers for use in prefabricated false ceiling boards [62]. Similarly, the addition of crushed cork fibers can be employed in the manufacturing of lightweight plasterboards, with the primary advantage being a reduction in thermal conductivity by over 50% compared to the traditional material without additions [63]. On the other hand, it is advisable to analyze the mechanical strengths of gypsum composite materials by testing samples with dimensions close to those used in their final form for commercialization. In this regard, two different types of panels with dimensions of 40 \(\times\) 30 \(\times\) 1.5 cm\({}^{3}\) were designed. One of them was solely composed of the gypsum materials designed in this study, whereas the other, which was closer to reality, incorporated Kraft paper reinforcement strips on both sides of the prefabricated panels. This manufacturing process is schematically illustrated in Figure 9.  
The results of the bending strength test on panels are shown in Figure 10. Additionally, Figure 11 shows the testing device and the final state of the panels after being tested. Figure 10: Bending strength test on panels: determination of the maximum breaking load. Figure 9: Preparation process of the prefabricated panels made with hemp-gypsum composites. As can be observed in Figure 10, gypsum composites containing hemp fiber yielded the best results in this bending test. In the initial phase, where the panels without Kraft paper reinforcement were tested, the sample G0.65-15%F achieved a breaking load 13.0% higher than the reference material G0.65. However, in this first phase of tests, some composites, such as G0.65-30%P, did not surpass the minimum value established by current regulations at 0.18 kN. For this reason, a study closer to reality was conducted, using Kraft paper reinforcement to enhance the flexural strength in panels, as is performed in commercial products. This is the case where the best results were obtained, especially in fiber-reinforced composites, showing that all gypsum materials designed in this work can be used to produce lightweight plasterboards. When examining Figure 11, it is noteworthy to highlight the correct integration of hemp addition into the matrix, as well as its uniform distribution in all the composites and substitution percentages analyzed.