# Mechanisms and Models of Attenuation of Shock Waves through Rock Formations
###### Abstract  
Rock bursts have become one of the worst disasters in deep mines, and the safety of roadways is affected by stress waves generated when hard roots fracture. Pictures of a mine site were collected using the Huijahe mine as a case study. The damage characteristics of the roadway were analyzed and the damage process was reproduced using numerical simulation software. The attenuation characteristics of the strength of the shock wave as it passes from the impact shock source to the roadway are summarized. Based on the stress wave transmission mechanism and geological characteristics, a \"shock wave attenuation model through rock formations\" was established to analyze the transmission characteristics of impact stress under the composite roof structure. The strength criterion and energy balance equation for roadway damage under the action of shock waves are derived. This work provides a reference for roadway support under similar conditions and can be generalized and applied elsewhere. rock burst; roadway support; field research; numerical simulation; attenuation equation +
Footnote †: journal: Medical and Environmental Physics  
0000-0001-9999-4000-0000-0000-0000-0000-0000-0000-0000-0000-0000-0000-00000-0000-00000-0000-00000-00000-00000-00000-00000-00000-00000-00000-00  
-frequent mine earthquakes. Based on the geological conditions of the mine, it is necessary to derive the effect of the dynamic wave on the roadway in the event of a rock burst by numerical simulation and equations [14, 15]. In the last century, there were many scholars who tried to assess the process through theoretical calculation and computer simulation. The main focus has been on two areas: on the one hand, analysis of the level of energy released from the impact vibration source to measure the danger to the roadway [16], and n the other hand, the dynamic and static load stresses in the roadway have been studied, with increasing support strengths and decompression measures [17]. However, less research has been carried out in the area of rock burst stress wave attenuation. [PERSON] et al. [18, 19, 20] described a strain-softening numerical model based on the Hoek-Brown failure criterion that was developed to evaluate the destressing efficiency of RDHB in selected underground coal mines. [PERSON] et al. [21, 22] proposed the concept of \"high strength, strong pressure relief, and integrity\" roadway support and the impact of \"staggered peak pressure regulation + blasting top cut strong support\" according to the violent and large-deformation characteristics of a rock burst in roadways. [PERSON] et al. [23, 24] established a mechanical model for rock burst to obtain critical indexes of the surrounding rock fracture and rock burst occurrence. The main influencing factors and laws of rock bursts were determined quantitatively. The numerical simulation of [PERSON] et al. [25, 26] demonstrated that the surrounding rock of the roadway underwent expansion and deformation, accompanied by redistribution of the surrounding rock stress due to the reinforcement of the roof and two sidewalls. [PERSON] et al. proposed the \"Stress Relief-support Reinforcement\" synergistic technology for preventing a rock burst in deep roadways, studied the energy release mechanism of coal bodies and analyzed the failure characteristics and types of the surrounding rock due to different energy releases. [PERSON] et al. [27] Proposed that the roadway surrounding rock will collapse and lose stability in a large area under the roof cyclic dynamic load, and the ordinary supporting structure cannot fulfil its control function of the surrounding rock, resulting in the surrounding rock destruction and supporting structure failure. [PERSON] et al. [16] evaluated the abutment stress applied to the roadway surrounding rock by constructing an abutment stress transfer model after roadway excavation. Stress criterion and energy criterion for rock burst occurrence were proposed according to the three types of roadways.