## 1 Introduction
The high mobility of UAVs, coupled with the dynamic and unpredictable nature of low Earth orbit (LEO) communication channels, introduces several challenges for traditional encryption methods [3;4]. Packet loss, high latency, channel variability, and limited bandwidth in LEO environments can hinder the effectiveness of traditional encryption algorithms such as AES and RSA. To overcome these challenges, this study proposes an innovative approach based on Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), which uses the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics to ensure the unconditional security of data transmission. QKD offers information-theoretic security, meaning that its security is not based on computational assumptions but on the laws of physics [5;6]. Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), specifically the BB84 protocol, is a secure key distribution mechanism that leverages the principles of quantum mechanics to establish cryptographic keys between communicating parties. Unlike traditional asymmetric key exchange algorithms (e.g., RSA), QKD provides information-theoretic security, meaning that its security does not rely on computational hardness assumptions. The encryption of data itself is performed using symmetric algorithms such as AES-128, with the quantum-generated keys serving as the basis for encryption. This hybrid approach enhances the overall security by combining the unbreakable key distribution properties of QKD with the efficiency of symmetric encryption algorithms. This makes QKD resistant to attacks by quantum computers, ensuring long-term viability for secure UAV communications. QKD is a secure communication method that implements a cryptographic protocol involving components of quantum mechanics. QKD has been shown to be a promising solution for securing UAV communications due to its potential for providing information-theoretic security, which is a level of security that is not based on computational assumptions but on the laws of physics. While the BB84 protocol forms the foundation of our QKD implementation, this study introduces several enhancements tailored to the specific requirements of UAV-based GIS for agrotechnical monitoring. First, we propose an adaptive QKD framework that integrates real-time environmental data to dynamically adjust key generation parameters based on atmospheric conditions, such as fog, rain, and varying light conditions, which can significantly impact quantum communication reliability. Second, we incorporate a multi-layered hybrid encryption scheme that combines QKD with advanced data compression algorithms (LZW) and AES-128 for optimized data throughput and security efficiency. Third, to address the challenge of scalability in multi-UAV networks, we introduce a decentralized synchronization mechanism using quantum entanglement-based coordination, enabling secure key distribution among multiple UAV nodes without a central authority. Finally, we explore advanced error-correction algorithms, including adaptive LDPC codes, to mitigate quantum channel noise, ensuring high key generation rates even in adverse conditions. These innovations extend the traditional BB84 protocol, making it more resilient, adaptable, and suitable for complex agrotechnical environments. While prior works have explored the integration of QKD with AES and LZW compression, this study distinguishes itself through its specific adaptations for UAV-based agrotechnical monitoring systems operating within the constraints of low Earth orbit (LEO) environments.