## 1 Introduction  
As a traditional and reliable rock-breaking technology, blasting has the characteristics of low cost and flexibility to adapt to complex geological conditions. Mining tunnels are be distributed at different depth levels, and the construction of these tunnels causes certain blasting impacts on the surrounding rock mass of adjacent tunnels; these impacts will affect the stability of the tunnel. Therefore, the dynamic distribution of tunnels under blasting disturbance is related to construction safety issues of tunnels. Since the 1970s, dynamic research into rock and soil structure has developed rapidly. In recent years, scholars have carried out corresponding research into the dynamic responses of rock and soil structures under blasting in terms of testing, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, etc. [PERSON] [1] simplified engineering tunnel blasting as a two-dimensional plane strain problem, and pointed out that the radial displacement and tangential stress on the inner surface of the lining are positively correlated with the distance from the center of the blasting source. By solving the structural dynamic equation, [PERSON] [2] obtained the dynamic concentration coefficient of the engineering structure, the structural internal force, bending moment, and displacement, and analyzed the influence of the surrounding rock grade, load action position, and positive pressure action time on the dynamic response of the tunnel structure. [PERSON]'s [3] research showed that the rock strength characteristics had a certain degree of impact on a tunnel's anti-blast durability, i.e., the higher the strength of the rock, the stronger the ability of the tunnel to resist loads. By changing the width and height of the rectangular section and the amount of explosives, [PERSON] [4] provided the positioning laws of the transition zone during the propagation of blasting stress waves. [PERSON] [5] pointed out that the stress release caused by the blasting led to the stress fluctuation at the tunnel excavation boundary, resulting in greater deviation stress and a wider compression shear damage zone than the maximum static stress. [PERSON] [6] studied the impact caused by gas blasting on the vertical deformation of a subway tunnel, and pointed out that the maximum vertical displacement of the tunnel increased nearly linearly with the increase in the intensity of the blasting loads. With the application of finite element, finite difference, discrete element and other numerical software, numerical simulation, as a technical means to reproduce experimental results, is also widely used in the analysis of tunnel blasting issues. Its effectiveness and accuracy have been verified [7; 8; 9; 10; 11]. Therefore, the numerical simulation is an effective and reliable method in tunnel dynamic research. [PERSON] [12] used the discrete element numerical calculation method to produce a tunnel displacement time-history curve and a maximum normal stress time-history curve; the tunnel displacement amplitude and maximum normal stress changed along the x-axis at a certain time. A numerical model of adjacent tunnels was established by [PERSON] [13], and the particle velocity, displacement and stress of the tunnel-surrounding rock caused by blasting-induced vibration was obtained. Through AUTODYN simulation, [PERSON] [14] found that the impact of the blasting wave on the lining structure gradually weakened with the increase in the distance from the blast center. The tunnel lining was in a tension state at the initiation time, and changed from a tension state to a compression state with the passage of time. Based on the DEM-UDEC program, [PERSON] [15] simulated the shear zone around the circular tunnel and the peak particle velocity on the tunnel surface, and found that the joints in the surrounding rock of the tunnel had a great impact on the tunnel damage.