## 3 A Summary of the Research on Integrated Building and Energy Systems
The advantages of the TB heating/cooling technique are outlined\". As per the study of [PERSON]. [7], 2014, \"The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effect of demand-side control strategies on the performance of a thermally activated building system applied in a commercial building. The objective is to estimate the potential of TABS to shift the load demanded by the power system. The analysis is performed using a sample case: first, the existing TABS control strategy is analyzed and then the possible implementation of DSM mechanisms is analyzed. In particular, three different demand-side control mechanisms are evaluated: a peak shedding strategy, a random on/off system request, and a night load shifting strategy. The simulation results show the high potential of TABS in the DSM framework, as TABS enable load control while hardly affecting thermal comfort\". As per the study of [PERSON] [8], 2014, \"This study aims to develop operational guidelines for TABS according to the heating and cooling load characteristics of a specific campus building. The load characteristics of the building were analyzed, then the load zones were defined according to the heating and cooling characteristics. At the same time, the thermal performance of TABS for heating and cooling with a range of supply water temperatures was calculated. Operating guidelines, classified according to the load zone, are proposed\". As per the study of [PERSON] [9], 2014, \"The objective of this study was to present a simulation study estimating the thermal comfort and energy consumption of a thermally activated building system (TABS) combined with radiant floor heating and a packaged air conditioning system in a conventional residential building. and a low-thermal loaded residential building. Two residential buildings with different shell types were modeled using EnergyPlus. This study combines the proposed TABS heating and cooling system with the existing one. The results indicate that TABS combined with the current system is thermally comfortable and energy-efficient, especially for buildings with low thermal loads\". As per the study of [PERSON] [10], 2015, \"Active Solar Thermoelectric Radiant Wall (ASTRW) system represents a new solar wall technology that uses solar energy to offset passive heat losses or gains through the building walls. Experiments have been conducted in different regimes. The results show that the ASTRW system can not only eliminate the conventional heat load on the building envelope but also provide thermal capacity for space heating\". As per the study of [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON] [11], 2016, \"A three-dimensional non-stationary model developed to study the heat transfer performance for a vertical U-tube ground heat exchanger (GHE) is investigated. The location of the transient heat transfer process analysis during short-term accumulation was between the inner and outer sides of the borehole. From its results, it can be concluded that the soil temperature field in the depth direction in the middle part is distributed in a \"narrow belt shape\". For short-term heat accumulation, the thermal interference distance of the ground heat exchanger is 1.0 m in the radius, and the main heat transfer field is 0.4 m in the radius. The internal temperature field of the borehole is dominated by the inlet branch of the U-tube and becomes uniform due to the influence of the prolonged heat accumulation time. The temperature differential between the borehole wall and the surrounding soil is greater the longer the accumulation time is, compared to the temperature difference between the interior and outside of the borehole. In addition, the temperature difference between the fluid in the U-tube and the borehole wall decreases as the accumulation time increases. The unknown is the change in the temperature differential between the nearby and farther-off boundary soil\".