## 3 Evaluation Results and Discussion
### Major Recommed Improvements  
When the SLS was conceived, it was designed for use in supporting and improving biomass logistics, not only for pruning biomass, but for any type of biomass, such as forestry woodchips and herbaceous agrarian residues. For this purpose, further improvements are suggested so that the SLS can be effectively adapted for biomass-to-energy businesses. The performance test results indicate that the SLS performs data collection and storage in the central database satisfactorily. The stored data and other relevant information enable the tool to support product traceability and supply chain management very effectively. For further improvement and service quality, assembly of the smart box components (mainly the associated cables) and data transfer intervals as well as column arrangement in the spreadsheet format for data storage could be improved more. In general, each batch of pruning biomass data entered into the online platform directly by actors (farmers, traders, etc.) was found to be well documented in the central database and easily visualized by intended users. However, some errors were noticed regarding data on parameters measured by the smart box (such as relative humidity, temperature, Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates during biomass transport) and transmitted to the database. These errors may be caused by improper initialization of the smart box, unplugging the power cables before data transmission is complete, or unexpected barriers that could interrupt data transmission from the smart box to the online platform. The smart system enables users to determine the transport distance and truck speed at the route planning stage. However, the real routes followed during transport are displayed only on maps. The actual driving distance and time (or speed) are not determined and displayed along the route maps. Through further improvement, these values can be either displayed on the maps or documented in the spreadsheet-based central database. To increase effective utilization of the information platform, additional functional options should be created (on the platform interface) for transporters and end consumers where they can confirm product delivery and acceptance, respectively. In addition, a billing system could be included as a component to facilitate trading of biomass products. \begin{table}
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**Attribute** & **Smart Logistics System Performance Description** \\ \hline Security & **Confidentiality**: Personal information of registered actors is confidential, as it can only be accessed by system administrators (of the information platform). **Integrity**: The system well integrates data recorded by the smart box and related data provided by pruning biomass producers. **Accountability**: All registered users are accountable for the information they provide to intended users of the information platform. The system enables pinpointing damages that could happen at any stage along the logistics chain through the pruning traceability system integrated in the smart system. **Authenticity**: All registered actors have specific codes and access to and recognition of data and information they provided. **Modularity**: The smart box components can be disassembled and reassembled by the prototype developer. This facilitates maintenance service. **Reusability**: The system can be maintained and reused. Maintenance service may be required on average once a year, and some parts of the smart box may need to be replaced. **Modiglability**: The information platform can be modified based on the interest of users or if additional service is required. **Testability**: Both the smart box and the information platform are testable. After appropriate maintenance, the system will be well tested before it is used. **Adaptability**: The possibility of adapting to logistics of biomass other than pruning residues, such as forest wood products, was taken into consideration during the development of the smart logistics system.