## 3 Results  
### Descriptive Statistics  
A total of 118 out of 120 dental casts were included for final analysis. Data related to two dental casts (1 male and 1 female) were excluded from the final sample due to corrupted files during analysis. The mean age in years for males and females were \(23.3\pm 3.22\) (Mean \(\pm\) SD) and \(21.45\pm 2.46\), respectively, and \(22.3\pm 3.01\) for the total study sample. The intraclass correlation coefficient for MD width and ICD of permanent maxillary canines displayed by intraexaminer agreement was between 0.956 and 0.974 (excellent; 95% CI: 0.910-0.981). Males had significantly larger mean dimensions of both the right and left maxillary permanent canines compared to females. The mean MD width of the maxillary canine for males and females on the right side was 7.65 and 7.39 mm, respectively, while on the left side it was 7.55 mm in males and 7.33 mm in females. The difference in the mean MD width of the maxillary canine between males and females was statistically significant on both the right (\(p<0.001\)) and the left (\(p<0.001\)) sides. The mean MD width of the right canine was greater than that of the left canine in both males and females. The mean maxillary ICD was significantly higher in males than that seen in females (\(p<0.001\)). The 95% confidence interval of maxillary canine MD width and ICD for the study sample shows that there is a probability of 95% that the mean width of the right and left maxillary canines is greater than 7.53 and 7.43 mm, respectively, in males and lower than 7.46 and 7.40 mm, respectively, in females. The mean values of MCI calculated for both the right and left maxillary canines showed statistically significant differences between the genders (\(p<0.05\)) (Table 1).  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Variable**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Tooth**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Gender**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**N**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Mean \(\pm\) SD (mm)**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**95\% Confidence Interval**} & \multirow{2}{*}{\(p\)**-Value \({}^{*}\)**} \\ \cline{5-8}  & & & & & **Lower** & & **Upper** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Mesiodistal Width} & \multirow{2}{*}{13} & Male & 59 & 7.65 \(\pm\) 0.453 & 7.53 & 7.76 & 0.000 \\ \cline{2-8}  & & Female & 59 & 7.39 \(\pm\) 0.266 & 7.32 & 7.46 & (\(Z=-5.034\)) \\ \cline{2-8}  & & Male & 59 & 7.55 \(\pm\) 0.448 & 7.43 & 7.66 & 0.000 \\ \cline{2-8}  & & Female & 59 & 7.33 \(\pm\) 0.264 & 7.26 & 7.40 & (\(Z=-4.035\)) \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Intercamine Distance} & \multirow{4}{*}{13} & Male & 59 & 35.28 \(\pm\) 0.679 & 35.10 & 35.45 & 0.000 \\ \cline{2-8}  & & Female & 59 & 34.21 \(\pm\) 0.692 & 34.03 & 34.39 & (\(Z=-6.731\)) \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Maxillary Canine Index} & \multirow{2}{*}{13} & Male & 59 & 0.216 \(\pm\) 0.012 & 0.2129 & 0.2194 & 0.045 \\ \cline{2-8}  & & Female & 59 & 0.214 \(\pm\) 0.007 & 0.2116 & 0.2158 & (\(Z=-2.005\)) \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-8}  & & \multirow{2}{*}{23} & Male & 59 & 0.214 \(\pm\) 0.012 & 0.2109 & 0.2173 & 0.030 \\ \cline{1-1} \cline{2-8}  & & Female & 59 & 0.212 \(\pm\) 0.008 & 0.2096 & 0.2137 & (\(Z=-2.167\)) \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} \({}^{*}\) Mann–Whitney U test; SD: standard deviation; N: number of subjects; Tooth numbering in FDI system.  
\end{table}
Table 1: Comparison of right and left maxillary canine dimensions of study sample.