## 3 Challenges and Related Recommendation
### Future Research Challenges
#### 3.2.5 Al-Enabled Networks
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c c} \hline \hline  & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Hybrid RF-Optical**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Space-Air-Ground-Sear**} & \multicolumn{2}{c}{**Integrated Sensing and**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Cloud-Edge Computing**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Digital Twins Networks**} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{**Al-Enabled Networks**} \\  & **Networks** & **(SAGS) Networks** & & **Computing Networks** & & & & & & \\ \hline
1. & mixed-signal and & 1. & network design, & 1. & computational & 1. & computing core & 1. & computational & 1. & resource usage, \\  & 2. & building and & & complexity, & location, & complexity, & 2. & processing techniques, \\
2. & transfer protocols & development, & 2. & transmission data rate & 2. & data provider reliability, & 2. & user data and privacy, & 3. & AI model, \\  & development, & 3. & preservation and & requirements, & 3. & security and data & 3. & power supplies, & 4. & sensory wireless \\
3. & traffic and load & maintenance, & 3. & range of transmission, & retrieval, & 4. & running costs, & systems, \\  & balance, & 4. & optimization and & 4. & base stations and & 4. & storage and capacity, & 5. & systems architectures, \\
4. & data synchronization, & upgrading, & & network search, & 5. & network structure, & 6. & user interaction & process, \\
5. & distribution of 5. & channel structure and & 5. & LDG route and & 6. & cloud-computing & 6. & running costs, \\  & resources, & & topology, & multi-bounce route, & 7. & network speed, & 7. & systems architectures, \\
6. & energy efficiency & 6. & coverage and hardware & 6. & hardware requirements, & 7. & network congestion and & 8. & media access control, & 8. & transmission setting \\  & enhancement, & & capabilities, & & delay, & & & & & \\
7. & distribution of power, & 7. & environment and & mechanisms, & 8. & collecting, interpreting, & requirements, & 9. & information analysis, \\
8. & connection access & weather, & & 8. & user data and privacy, & analyzing, and mining & 10. & performance & 10. & shared data set policies, \\  & points, & 8. & adaptability and & 9. & components & 4 da, & & optimization, & 11. & AI algorithms, \\  & access point selection, & scalability, & & management, & 9. & user data and privacy, & 11. & visualization, & 12. & assets allocation, \\
1. & handover and & 9. & installation of aerial BSs, & 10. & data collection and & 10. & network speed, & 12. & closed-loop & 13. & negative environmental \\  & blockages, & 11. & accuracy of the & management, & 11. & gateway asset & management, & effects, \\  & infrastructure & UAV-to-ground channel, & 11. & communication, & distribution, & 13. & life cycle & 14. & computing load of deep \\  & power for buildings, & 11. & UAV-to-chip connectivity & & detecting, and & 12. & decision-making & administration, & 14. & learning, \\
12. & mobility and user & 12. & mobility, & processing, & 14. & practical execution and & 15. & computational \\  & speed. & 12. & mobility, & 12. & waveform layout and & 13. & task allocation, assets & functionalities of & demands, \\  & single and multi-bounce, & 14. & reflections and fading of & 13. & integrated sensing and & segmentation, & hardware, & 16. & new model training, \\  & multiple paths, & communication & 14. & use of energy, & handling, and & 16. & high quantity of data \\  & structure layout, & detection, & 15. & servers and load & 15. & servers and load & 15. & servers and load \\
16. & network procedure, & 14. & power supplies, & distribution, & 16. & information analysis. & 16. & data curation expenses, \\  & resource placement and & 15. & systems architectures, & & 16. & task loading and & 20. & energy-efficient in data \\  & routing tactics, & & & & & & & \\
18. & elevated network latency, & & & & & & & \\
19. & sporadic interrupptions, & & & & & & & \\
20. & imbalanced network & & & & & & \\ traffic, & & & & & & & \\
21. & information hub and data & & & & & & \\ privacy, & & & & & & \\
22. & data collection. & & & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}