# Risk Assessment in Supplier Selection for Intelligent Manufacturing Systems Based on PLS-SEM
## 2 Literature Overview  
The research objects of supplier selection and evaluation are usually divided into traditional suppliers and intelligent manufacturing suppliers. For the selection and evaluation of traditional suppliers, [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON] proposed a framework based on an economic selection model in the research, which balances cost, delivery, flexibility and service characteristics in the process of commodity raw material supplier selection [4]. [PERSON] and [PERSON] discussed how suppliers view the supplier evaluation communication process of purchasing companies and its impact on supplier performance [5]. [PERSON] and [PERSON] proposed a supplier risk profile grouping method based on clustering to evaluate suppliers [6]. The work of [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON] aimed to evaluate and select suppliers by integrating an analytic hierarchy process and grey relationship analysis, so as to develop an appropriate hybrid model [7]. With the development of intelligent manufacturing, more and more scholars have begun to pay attention to the influence of intelligent manufacturing system software in the process of enterprise intelligent development, and study the selection and evaluation of intelligent manufacturing software in different industries. Scholars [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON] clearly described the essence of automotive software, and discussed the selection and rating of Automotive Software Engineering [8]. [PERSON] carried out research on how small and medium-sized enterprises in developing countries choose computer accounting software suppliers [9]. [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON] took the results of software process (ISO/IEC15504) evaluation as one of the requirements for software companies to obtain software orders [10]. [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON] discussed various obstacles that have a negative impact on software outsourcing customers in the selection process of offshore software development outsourcing suppliers [11]. [PERSON] and [PERSON] summarized the pricing model of software, analyzed the characteristics of software as a product and the general conditions for evaluating software suppliers [12]. [PERSON], [PERSON] and [PERSON] believed that effective IT service provider selection criteria can enable managers to make the most appropriate decisions [13]. Scholars, such as [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON], took the BIM software supplier evaluation index system as the research starting point, constructed the evaluation index system through literature statistics, and calculated the corresponding weight of the index based on a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, so as to provide a scientific basis for enterprises in selecting BIM software suppliers [14]. [PERSON] studied a total of 10 evaluation problems of embedded software suppliers, based on a VDA6.3 evaluation structure of an embedded software supplier evaluation method, designed to evaluate the quality assurance ability of embedded software suppliers [15]. The above literature mainly involves two aspects: traditional supplier selection and evaluation and intelligent manufacturing software supplier evaluation, and has formed some achievements in the field of supplier selection and evaluation. However, in the process of selecting IMSS suppliers, manufacturing enterprises have some potential risks, such as insufficient supplier qualification, imperfect system, core technology \"neck\", low service ability, insufficient project experience and imperfect information system solutions; the existing literature research lacks the consideration of supplier risk, and ignores the implicit impact of supplier risk in supplier selection and evaluation. Risk assessment can help intelligent manufacturing enterprises find hidden problems in time and select high-quality IMSS suppliers, so as to accelerate the transformation and upgrading of intelligent manufacturing enterprises and promote the popularization and implementation of intelligent manufacturing.