## 4 Conclusions  
In this paper, based on modeling tests, two sets of modeling tests were carried out using two different excavation sequences, the up-and-down excavation method and the left-and-right excavation method, to determine the interaction between the surrounding rock and the supporting structure by studying the surface settlement, the surrounding rock stresses, and the lining stresses induced by the different excavation sequences:  
(1) For the surface settlement law, at the same burial depth, the surface settlement is mainly related to the excavation surface approaching, penetrating, and moving away from the surface. With the excavation surface close to the surface, the settlement rate shows a trend of increasing and then decreasing. For tunnels with upper and lower multiple guide tunnels, the construction of the upper guide tunnels has a greater impact on the surface settlement. For tunnels with multiple guide tunnels on the left, center, and right, the surface in the middle is affected by the overlap of the construction of the left and right guide tunnels, which results in a greater settlement than the left and right surfaces. (2) For the surrounding rock stress law, the initial stress state of the tunnel around the points of the surrounding rock is in a state of pressure, and the size of the stress is positively correlated with the depth of burial. After the support structure is applied, the deformation of the surrounding rock gradually decreases until the surrounding rock and the support structure reach a new equilibrium. After the removal of the diaphragm wall that provides vertical support and the temporary elevated arch that provides horizontal support, the connection between the initial support and the temporary support shrinks and deforms inwardly, and the value of the stress decreases and transfers to the surroundings. (3) Lining the stress law, the stress value of the support structure increases because of the force given by the surrounding rock after the excavation of the guide hole. After the excavation of the lower guide hole and application of the support structure, the stress value of the lower structure increases while the stress value of the upper structure decreases. After the excavation of the middle and upper guide holes and the application of the support structure, the stress value of the two sides of the structure increases. After the middle and lower guide holes are excavated and the supporting structure is applied, the lining stress of the whole structure is redistributed and concentrated downward. When the temporary support is removed, the stress on the diaphragm wall and the temporarily elevated arch is transferred to be borne by the initial support, and the stress value of the initial support increases. (4) Compared with the upper and lower excavation method, the surface settlement caused by the left and right excavation method is smaller, and the timely formation of a closed loop of the support structure has a certain control effect on the surface settlement. The left and right excavation method causes less disturbance to the surrounding rock, which indicates that the overall structure can better restrain the surrounding rock. The support structure is allowed to be more evenly and stably loaded during the excavation process, and the excavation disturbances have a smaller impact on the support structure. **Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, Y.R. and Y.L. ; methodology, Y.R. ; validation, X.L., and J.L. ; formal analysis, Y.L. and B.Y. ; investigation, Y.R. and Y.L. ; resources, X.L. and B.Y. ; data curation, S.L. and C.L. ; writing--original draft preparation, Y.R. ; writing--review and editing, Y.L. and B.Y. ; supervision, C.L. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. **Funding:** National Natural Science Foundation of China: No. 51978177 and 52278336; Guangdong Basic and Applied Research Foundation: No.