## 1 Introduction  
_Camabis sativa_ L., commonly known as hemp, belongs to the _Camabucane_ family, which includes two primary cannabis varieties: hemp (_Camabis sativa_ L. var. _sativa_) and marijuana (_Camabis sativa_ L. var. _inida_). According to Polish regulations [1], in first-grade hemp, the combined content of \(\Delta^{9}\)-tetrahydrodcannabinol (THC) and tetrahydrodcannabinolic acid (THCA) must not exceed 0.3% on a dry-weight basis. In contrast, in narctic hemp, the concentration of this compound can reach up to 20% (\(w/w\)) [2]. Cannabis strains can be classified into five chemotypes: type I--narcotic plants with a high \(\Delta^{9}\)-THC content, type II--medical hemp containing \(\Delta^{9}\)-THC and cannabidiol (CBD) in various ratios, type III--fiber hemp with a high CBD content and low \(\Delta^{9}\)-THC (<0.3% \(w/w\)), type IV--fiber hemp containing cannabigerol(CBG), and type V--with plants mostly devoid of cannabinoids, primarily used in the textile industry [3]. Futura 75 is one of approximately 70 hemp varieties approved for commercial production and distribution in the European Union [4]. Over the past few decades, this monoecious cultivar of French origin has been the most widely cultivated hemp variety in Italy [5]. It is characterized by a low content of \(\Delta^{9}\)-THC and is commercially used in food preparation, particularly regarding seeds and fiber. Interest in hemp-based products has been steadily increasing each year. The most popular food products are produced from seeds, hemp flour, cannabinoid oils, and extracts [6]. According to the Regulation of the European Parliament and Council (EU), hemp seeds can be incorporated into food, whereas other hemp parts and extracts are classified as \"novel foods\". Hemp and its extracts are also gaining growing consumer attention for their therapeutic properties and health-promoting benefits. This trend increased after 2018 when the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Epidiolex (a CBD oral solution) as the medication for epilepsy. In hemp, 750 natural compounds have been identified. The primary ones include amino acids, fatty acids, and steroids, while the secondary metabolites consist of phyto-cannabinoids, flavonoids, terpen, lignans, and alkaloids [7]. Phytocannabinoids occur in glandular hairs and, from a chemical point of view, they are terpenophenic compounds (isoprenylated polyketides) containing 19 to 23 carbon atoms, depending on the length of the alkyl side chain. These include the following acids: cannabinoid acid (CBGA), which serves as a precursor of \(\Delta^{9}\)-tetrahydrodcannabinolic acid (\(\Delta^{9}\)-THCA); cannabinoid acid (CBDA); and cannabinoid acid (CBCA). In most hemp varieties, these compounds exist in their acidic form and are sensitive to light, oxygen, and temperature. Under the influence of these factors, a decarboxylation reaction takes place, giving the respective products: cannabinoid (CBG), \(\Delta^{9}\)-tetrahydrodcannabinol (\(\Delta^{9}\)-THC), cannabinoid (CBD), and cannabinoid (CBC), which often have higher biological activity than the initial acidic forms [8]. Over 140 cannabinoids have been identified in cannabis so far. Cannabigerol (CBG) has a wide range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory [9], antibacterial [10], and antifungal activity [11]. It also plays a role in the regulation of redox balance and gives a neuromodulatory effect. Therefore, this compound can be used in the treatment of patients requiring multidirectional pharmacotherapy [12]. Psychoactive THC has antienetic [13], anti-inflammatory [14], and analgesic effects and is used in the treatment of neuropathy and chronic pain [15]. Cannabidiol (CBD) is present in a much higher concentration in fibrous hemp and, as a non-psychoactive substance, has several therapeutic properties used in pharmacology. The results of numerous studies indicate that CBD exhibits the following effects: anticancer, analgesic, neuroprotective, antiemetic, anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, and antispasmodic.