## 1 Introduction  
The use of algae for the removal, biotransformation, or mineralization of various nutrients and heavy metals from wastewater is an environmentally friendly process, as no secondary pollution occurs if the biomass produced is used as feedstock and the treated wastewater is reused. According to [1, 2], research in this field is not new and has demonstrated the ability of microalgae to efficiently use nitrogen, phosphorus, and other impurities in wastewater to promote their growth [3, 4, 5]. In addition to these nutrients that come with wastewater, microalgae also depend on other external parameters, such as light, which is absorbed and used in the photosynthesis process [6], and temperature, which has an effect on photosynthesis and cell division [7]. Furthermore, since microalgae are autotrophic microorganisms, they contribute to reducing the concentration of greenhouse gases by fixing CO\({}_{2}\) during their growth [8]. These efforts over the years allowed for an advanced level of mastery of this technology, which has led to its implementation in a rural community of 300 people [9]. A considerable number of research organizations [10, 11] have studied the effects of temperature and solar irradiance on the growth of many different strains of microalgae grown in open or closed systems. A study of the impact of temperature on microalgaeshowed a decrease in viable cells at high temperatures and an increase from 20 \({}^{\circ}\)C to 28 \({}^{\circ}\)C, the optimal temperature range [12]. This optimal temperature range varies depending on the strain of microalgae [11]. Regarding incident light, three different levels of solar irradiance (6213, 2741, and 3799 Wh m\({}^{-2}\) d\({}^{-1}\)) were investigated to understand the influence of solar irradiance on a microalgae-bacteria consortium grown in 80 L domestic wastewater in an outdoor high-rate algae pond (HRAP) [13]. Similarly, the effect of both parameters on microalgae growth was studied in [14] by modeling and validating the variation in the growth rate as a function of temperature at different light intensity levels. In addition to the importance of light intensity, its quality and photoperiodicity also play a key role in the metabolism of microalgae. For example, the work presented in [15] showed a faster growth rate and a higher lipid content in algae biomass when the medium received white light instead of red light. Large-scale outdoor microalgae cultivations under natural daily or seasonal solar irradiance and temperature produced satisfactory results for understanding the impact of both culture parameters [16; 17; 18]. However, it is important to know the long-term temporal variability in these parameters when planning the installation of an HRAP system at a given site. To consider climatic variability in outdoor mass cultures, typical meteorological sequences (TMSs) have been developed as a preliminary step to evaluate the effects of temperature and solar irradiance on the growth of microalgae in HRAPs, as in [19]. This allows for the consideration of the extreme conditions of these variables when assessing the long-term viability of a proposed project. However, the economic viability of an open pond cultivation system in a given location is strictly related to climatic variability. When microalgae are grown in an open pond, meteorological parameters, among others, are beyond our control. Daily and seasonal fluctuations in culture weather parameters significantly affect microalgae metabolism [18]. In some cases, this could have negative effects on the productivity of these microorganisms and therefore on the quality of the recycling of water, energy, and fertilizer nutrients. In an open-pond system for a microalgae culture, temperature and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) are the most relevant meteorological parameters.