## 1 Introduction  
The concept of communication space is used in sociology and reflects a view of the development of society [1]. It is implied that without interaction (communication), society could not arise and exist. At present, modern means of information exchange are used for communication: the Internet, telephones, etc. Communication, according to [PERSON], is a key type of operation of social systems; it constitutes systems and ensures their differentiation and reproduction. Social systems and society are communications; systems consist of interconnected communications; society is a special form of social system, including all possible communications [2]. Everything that is not communication is excluded from the operational area of social systems; if there is communication, there is society. If it is possible to identify the signs of communication, then we can talk about the existence of society. If there are no communications in the system, then it is impossible to talk about the existence of a social system. The communication space is a set of communication links of various natures that are generated and perceived by communication agents. Communication agents are understood as separate individuals or groups of individuals, as well as cultural, social, or political institutions. It should be taken into account that each society under consideration forms a unique communication space with its own characteristics and features [3]. In the 21 st century, the world communication space is usually associated with the media, the Internet, and the virtual information field [4; 5]. However, we should not forget about the real communication processes associated with the movement of a large number of people in a short time. These processes are provided exclusively by means of transport systems. For the socio-cultural space, it is not so much the geographical location of the centers of social and cultural attraction that plays an important role, but their transport accessibility. This allows for the formation of a much more complex system of interconnected peripheral and central nodes. On the one hand, transport systems and transport processes are an effective tool for the dense internal aggregation of different spatial segments within the world as a whole. On the other hand, transport facilitates the expansion of individual civilizations into the outside world [6; 7]. In this case, not only the ability to reach a certain point in space in a certain time is important, but also the dependence of the economic and cultural components of a given geographic point on transport communications. Despite the fact that individual regions of the world are developing in different directions, the general trend in the development of global society is interconnectedness. This point of view is reflected in one of the modern concepts of world development, namely connectography. This social hypothesis reflects a new developing trend, which is characterized by active human mobility, both from the position of tourism and from the position of migration. Also, within the framework of this hypothesis, an active global exchange of material and intellectual resources is implied. Connectography substantiates the transition from traditional political geography to functional geography. In other words, within the framework of this concept, the emphasis shifts from the official division of the world into countries and regions towards the infrastructure that ensures global socio-cultural and economic ties [8]. Globalization and high levels of technology contribute to a radical change in the modern socio-cultural and economic space, as well as the system of relationships in it. Transport communications have always played a key role in intercultural exchange between regions, both within individual countries and for the world as a whole. The peculiarities of the formation of transport communications are associated with differences in the economic and geographical position of regions of the world and individual states [9].