## 3 Results
### Equity Changes Based on the Location Quotient  
#### 3.3.1 Spatial Characteristics of the Location Quotient  
The spatial distribution of the location quotient (LQ) in Wuhan's central urban area from 2014 to 2021 is illustrated in Figure 9. To precisely analyze the spatial equity of urban green resources, we focused on residential clusters with LQ values less than 0.5 and greater than 2 (indicating that the street green visibility for residents in these areas is half and twice the average level, respectively). Overall, the distribution patterns across the three time points show consistency. Over time, the density of low LQ areas has decreased, while the density of high LQ areas has remained relatively stable. Specifically, the distribution of low LQ areas west of the Yangtze River is roughly the same as the visibility results of the corresponding years, indicating a significant impact of low visibility values on the LQ. In contrast, the distribution east of the Yangtze River is more dispersed, with a notable cluster only in the northwest of East Lake. These low LQ residential clusters generally have a higher population density. Interestingly, some areas with better visibility are also present within these low LQ clusters, suggesting that high population density can negatively impact visibility values, thus affecting green space equity.  
Figure 8: Gini coefficients of various districts from 2014 to 2021.  
Figure 7: Gini coefficient and the Lorenz curve of Wuhan’s central urban area from 2014 to 2021.  
On the other hand, high LQ areas typically have better visibility and less population. They are more widely distributed east of the Yangtze River, particularly around regions such as Shahu Lake, East Lake, and Nanhu Lake, where there are many grouped residential clusters. West of the Yangtze River, high LQ areas are mainly distributed along the Han River, forming smaller clusters along the Yangtze River in the JA District and around Changqing Talent Park and Houxianghe Park in the JH District.  
Both extreme regions (\(\text{LQ}\leq 0.2\) and \(\text{LQ}\geq 5.0\)) exhibited a gradual decrease in area and residential population over time (Table 2). Further analysis of regions with LQs between 0.2 and 0.5, as well as between 2.0 and 5.0, indicates that although there was a slight increase in the area and population proportions in some of these regions between 2017 and 2021, the overall decrease from the start to the end of the time series exceeded the observed increases. This indicates a narrowing gap in the distribution of green visibility resources around residents, suggesting a trend towards greater equity. However, it is noteworthy that in Wuhan's central urban area, over 40% of the residential areas still have visibility supply and demand levels below the regional average (LQ less than 1), and these areas are home to more than 70% of the population. Conversely, over 30% of the residential areas have a high LQ (greater than 2), but only less than 10% of the population can enjoy this high level of supply and demand service. Despite the overall positive trend, addressing this issue of an unequal distribution in green resources remains a significant challenge for Wuhan. Ensuring that the majority of residents have access to basic green environmental benefits is crucial for the city's future development.