# The Impact of Job Insecurity on Miner Safety Behavior--A Study Based on SEM and fsQCA
## 2 Research Hypothesis and Conceptual Model  
### Variable Definitions  
To ensure the operability and measurability of the model variables, this study further elaborates on the definitions and dimension divisions of miners' job insecurity, team safety climate, psychological resilience, and safety behavior within the coal mining enterprise context, based on previous research.  
(1) Job insecurity  
This thesis considers both subjective and objective job insecurity perspectives, aligns with the current coal industry transformation trends, and recognizes the high-risk job nature and characteristics of miners. The job insecurity of miners is divided into three sub-factors: job loss insecurity, job execution insecurity, and interpersonal insecurity. Job loss insecurity refers to the anxiety miners experience concerning the continuation of their employment contracts. Job execution insecurity is the anxiety related to the potential loss of key job characteristics. Interpersonal insecurity pertains to the anxiety miners feel about possible deterioration in relationships with other organizational members.  
(2) Team Safety Climate  
Recognizing the unique nature of coal mining, this study builds on [PERSON]'s (1980) definition to define team safety climate as the individual's psychological perception within the group organization and the employees' recognition and evaluation of the organization's emphasis on safety. Since there is no precise standard and principle for classifying the dimensions of team safety climate, this study does not categorize these dimensions further.  
(3) Psychological Resilience  
Psychological resilience is known to have various connotations and definitions depending on research subjects and objectives, yet scholars generally acknowledge it as a psychological phenomenon centered on individuals, featuring behavior or emotion as its medium. The higher the level of psychological resilience, the stronger the individual's psychological recovery ability. Therefore, this thesis starts from a psychological perspective, takes coal mine workers as the primary research object, considers the work characteristics of miners, and defines psychological resilience as a psychological phenomenon in which an individual's emotional state or work performance quickly returns to normal levels when facing stress, threats or other negative events, such as layoffs, unfavorable transfers or staff reductions.  
Considering the real situations miners face, this thesis draws from [PERSON]'s research, which investigates unsafe behavior in terms of personal safety quality, work characteristics, and safety management. Among these, personal safety quality refers to miners' self-awareness of their safety consciousness, knowledge, and skills. Work characteristics encompass miners' experiences concerning the nature of their work (monotony, urgency, complexity) and work environment (temperature, noise, lighting). Safety management refers to miners' understanding level of corporate safety management regulations, safety education, and safety culture. Based on this definition and actual coal mining circumstances, a frontline miner safety behavior scale is constructed and validated.