## 1 Introduction
* We evaluated the VLC system in terms of relevant metrics for wireless communication systems, such as the Channel Impulse Response (CIR) and the Bit Error Rate (BER). Related WorksUntil now, extensive work has been developed on the use of IRS technology in RF communications; however, few works have successfully studied and incorporated IRS into VLC systems [3]. The techniques developed for RF cannot be directly adapted to VLC systems, mainly due to some characteristics that these systems involve, such as real and non-negative amplitude and channel correlation, as well as lighting parameters [4; 8]. IRS systems are recognized to have great potential to improve wireless communications, but at the same time, they are also known to involve new challenges, including channel estimation, reflection enhancement, and integration of lighting requirements into communication systems [14]. In [18], a VLC model is proposed that consists of a simple nano-slit metasurface, whose purpose is to mitigate interference between the transistors, formed by a pair of neighboring LEDs of a VLC system. A mathematical analysis is performed for electromagnetic fields and Poynting's theorem, in order to obtain performance metrics, based on the received signal power and the Signal-to-Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR). The proposed solution focuses on the radiation pattern and behavior of the metasurface. In [15], a framework is presented to integrate indoor VLC systems with IRS is presented. This work consists of an overview of the IRS, including a description of the deployment and integration of the IRS, acquisition of Channel State Information (CSI), passive beam-forming design, and real-time IRS control. Furthermore, a categorization of the types of IRS into mirror-based and metasurface-based schemes is presented, including their potential applications and benefits for VLC systems. In [9], two configurations for intelligent reflective systems are proposed, the first based on programmable metasurfaces and the second on mirror arrays. The purpose of both methods is to direct the incident optical signal toward a specific VLC receiver. The analysis considers the use of IRS for noncoherent VLC systems, using the known IM/DD technique. The proposal consists of an analytical framework that allows studying the capacities of both the metasurface and the mirror array solutions to focus and direct the radiated energy towards a specific detector. In the field of IRS optimization for free-space optical (FSO)/VLC systems, the consideration of multiple parameters introduces a level of complexity that requires a careful formulation of optimization problems. These problems aim to strike a balance between the many parameters while meeting specific performance goals. Such optimization challenges can be addressed through various techniques and methodologies. One way to formulate these optimization problems is through mathematical models [12]. Furthermore, the need for IRS statistical characterization becomes important in scenarios involving FSO/VLC systems [19]. The performance of these systems is greatly influenced by atmospheric turbulence, which can cause fluctuations in signal strength and quality. Statistical models, such as the Fisher-Snedecor F-distribution model, provide a way to accurately characterize the impact of turbulence on signal propagation. In [20], the authors illustrate the importance of this statistical characterization. By incorporating the statistical properties of turbulence into the optimization process, a more accurate representation of real-world conditions is achieved. It is also important to mention that there are methods that allow us to optimize the operation of the IRS in optical systems. For example, in the literature, there are some works such as the wide Field of View (FoV) method that allows high VLC system operation capabilities and the Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) method that integrates well with the IRS to maximize the achievable angle of the receiver [21; 22].