# Communication Infrastructure Design for Reliable UAV Operations in Air Mobility Corridors
They show that redundancy strategies and repair dynamics significantly influence system-level catastrophic failure rates and must be modeled explicitly, even when individual component failure rates are already low. To analyze the impact of communication node reliability on mission success, this paper proposes a Markov-based framework for assessing repeater deployment strategies and  
Figure 1: Air mobility corridor. system-level robustness. It is important to clarify that the modeling assumptions, including component failure probabilities, do not claim to simulate real-world failure rates directly. Instead, the models are designed to support sensitivity analyses--exploring the effectiveness of various deployment configurations and redundancy strategies across a range of conditions. The failure probabilities in the Markov chains are adjustable parameters--allowing the approach to be tailored for environments with both low and high infrastructure failure risks. A fundamental requirement in civil aviation--for both manned and unmanned operations--is the maintenance of continuous, reliable communication between aircraft and ground control [6]. This communication is typically conducted over very high-frequency (VHF) radio channels, which operate effectively only within line-of-sight conditions. While this constraint is manageable in conventional aviation at cruising altitudes, it poses a significant challenge for UAM systems operating at lower altitudes within complex urban environments. Tall buildings, narrow corridors, and rapidly changing altitudes in urban canyons can obstruct line-of-sight paths, leading to signal degradation or temporary communication loss [7]. As a result, UAM systems must incorporate enhanced communication architectures to ensure compliance with aviation safety regulations and to preserve continuous situational awareness in high-density, obstacle-rich environments. This imposes strict requirements on the continuity and reliability of the communication infrastructure. A momentary loss of connection may result in navigation errors, mission failure, or even safety incidents, particularly when multiple UAVs operate in shared airspace. To address this challenge, one promising approach involves deploying a network of radio repeater stations (RS) along the UAV flight corridor. These stations serve as communication relays that maintain continuous contact with UAVs as they traverse the corridor [8]. However, the question of how to best deploy these repeaters to balance reliability, cost, and redundancy remains open. This study is motivated by the need to systematically analyze and compare different deployment strategies of repeater stations to ensure communication reliability under various operational scenarios. By evaluating the performance and resource implications of each strategy, this research aims to support the design of resilient and scalable UAV corridor infrastructure. Ultimately, the findings contribute to safer integration of UAVs into the airspace and more robust implementation of the air mobility concept in both urban and non-urban settings.