## 5 Discussion and Conclusions
Many destinations have implemented NFC technologies to improve the activity sustainability, to increase guest loyalty, boost the image and brand of the destination and to ultimately improve turnover [103]. In France a number of NFC field trials have been made. In June 2010 the first pilot study for the general public was launched in the city of Nice under the name \"Cityzi\" [102]. In Spain, the historic city of Caceres was pioneer in the use of NFC technology applied to tourism from 2011. Also, in the Spanish city of Cordoba the NFC technology has been used [111] to help the user to find the location of interest points within the city and navigate through them. The users assessed very positively the simplicity of its use and the help that the system provides for surfing in urban environments, finding quite attractive that they just need their mobile device, as a support or alternative to traditional techniques. According with the authors in [111], touristic cities would require systems based on the NFC technology in order to provide its touristic offer with extra added value, given the social and economic impact of the tourism revenue in those kinds of cities. In Italy the NFC technology has been implemented in different regions [108; 111] offering a wide range of services (information supply, mobile payment, mobile ticketing, device pairing, location based services, access 508 authorization, management of loyalty, bonus and membership cards). Destinations and attractions have the opportunity to know more about the tourist mobility and also, to enhance the consumer experience, through for example, the creation of new customer touchpoints through the use of NFC technology in different areas (information, ticketing or for access control) [103]. Even more, there are some authors [112] that highlight the future implication of NFC technology in within Smart City concepts. To achieve these goals, it is necessary the good cooperation with and between the stakeholders in the destinations [103]. The advantages provided by NFC technology are very much recognized for the previous applications, reflected in the literature: first, because enables de sustainable tourism activity because it allows tourism destination a deeper knowledge about the tourism movements, what facilitates de management of the carrying capacity. Second because NFC encourages paperless travel, making the mobile phone all a tourist might need when travelling to certain, technologically advanced destinations [102]; third, because it is possible the connection with social media networks, such as Facebook, that are widely used both by consumers and companies and also because its high level of security [113]. It is important also to recognise the main limitations of the NFC technology applied in tourism destinations [108]; (i) the first one is related to the high fragmentation of the tourism sector, characterized by the existence of many small companies that often lack sufficient resources to invest in new technologies and infrastructure; (ii) secondly, this technology include a wide variety of heterogeneous and diversified services and this could be a barrier for the implementation of this offer; (iii) finally, local tourism destinations have few financial resources to invest in improving tourist offerings. As a recommendation and according to the results presented, when historic cities are subject to the risk of increasing their flow of visitors that can concentrate in specific points, affecting their load capacity and putting at risk the sustainability of the cultural heritage (architectural and urban), as proposed by [114], it is necessary a better management that considers that its heritage is a non-renewable good. The sustainability of a tourist destination is directly related to the tourist reception capacity, a concept that according to [PERSON] [115], is also applied to historic cities that are considered heritage ecosystems (more complex to manage) and have the challenge to manage the tourist activities in a responsible and sustainable way.