## 2 Current Cellulosic Ethanol Production Process in Commercial Plants
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l l l l} \hline \hline
**Company** & **Project** & **County** & \
\begin{tabular}{l} **Output Capacity** \\ **(ktona)** \\ \end{tabular} & **Status** & **Start-Up Year** \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Abergoa Bioenergy Biomass of Kansas, LLC} & Commercial (acquired by Synata Bio Inc. [21]) & US & 75 & idle & 2014 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Aemetis} & Aemetis Commercial & US & 35 & planned & 2019 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Beta Renewables (acquired by Versalis [22])} & Alpha & US & 60 & on hold & 2018 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Beta Renewables (acquired by Versalis)} & Energochemica & EU (Slovakia) & 55 & on hold & 2017 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Beta Renewables (acquired by Versalis)} & Fujiang Bioproject & China & 90 & on hold & 2018 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Beta Renewables 1 (acquired by Versalis)} & IIP-Italian Bio Fuel & EU (Italy) & 40 & idle & 2013 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Borregaard Industries AS} & ChemCell Ethanol & Norway & 16 & operational & 1938 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Clariant} & Clariant Romania & EU & \multirow{2}{*}{50} & under \multirow{2}{*}{2020} \\  & (Romania) & & construction & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{COCO Zhasedorg Co.} & COFCO Commercial & China & 50 & planned & 2018 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{DuPont} & Commercial facility & \multirow{2}{*}{US} & \multirow{2}{*}{83} & idle & 2016 \\  & IVERBO [23] & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Enviral} & Clariant Slovakia & EU (Slovakia) & 50 & planned & 2021 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Fiberight LLC} & Commercial Plant & US & 18 &
\begin{tabular}{l} under \\ construction \\ \end{tabular} & 2019 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{GranBio} & Bioflex 1 & Brazil & 65 & operational & 2014 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Ineos Bio} & Iranian River County & \multirow{2}{*}{US} & \multirow{2}{*}{24} & idle & 2011 \\  & Facility (acquired by & & & \\  & Alliance Bio-Products & & & & \\  & in 2016 [24]) & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Longlive Bio-technology Co. Ltd.} & Longlive & China & 60 & idle & 2012 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Mashierberg Energy Concept Consortium} & Flagship integrated & EU & \multirow{2}{*}{50} & on hold & 2018 \\  & biorefinery & (Denmark) & & & \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{FOFET-DSM Advanced Biofuels} & Project Liberty & US & 75 & operational & 2014 \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Raizen Energia} & Brazil & Brazil & 36 & operational & 2015 \\  & & Cellunolic\({}^{\text{\textregistered}}\) & EU (Finland) & 40 & planned & 2020 \\ \hline \end{tabular} \({}^{1}\) Joint venture of Mossi & Ghisolfi Chemtex division with TPG.  
\end{table} 
Table 1: Overview on a global commercial scale cellulosic ethanol plants. residues. Clariant has also announced on-going construction of the first large-scale commercial Sunliquid@plant for the production of cellulosic ethanol in Romania [28]. The Cellunolix@project (managed by St1 Biofuels Oy in cooperation with North European Bio Tech Oy) is planned to be operational in 2020 in Finland with an annual capacity of 40 kt. The plant will use saw dust and recycled wood as feedstock and will be located at UPM's Alholma industrial area [18]. In China, COFCO announced plans to build several 63 million liters (or 50 kt) capacity cellulosic fuel ethanol plants in future [11].