## 6 Conclusions  
This paper proposes a new method named the bisection constraint method for handling TO problems with multiple-loading conditions. In addition, a framework that includes the TEWS method is introduced to generate the starting point for the BCM method. The use of the TEWS method in Stage 1 of the proposed framework helps to find a starting point that might be relatively close to the true solution, thereby increasing the possibility of convergence at the true solution. The proposed method offers automatic generations of a unique solution for every TO problem considering multiple-loading conditions, which sufficiently minimizes the maximum compliance amidst all given loading conditions. By gradually minimizing the maximum compliance and sectioning the gaps between the maximum compliance and the remaining ones, the proposed method can provide a unique and sufficient solution for the min-max compliance formulation of TO problems with respect to multiple-load cases, as evidenced by the numerical examples in this study. In contrast, conventional methods such as the WS method often require users to provide more information based on their preferences for the given loading conditions, and consequently, the results tend to reflect user preferences. WS methods also become impractical for visualizing stress levels using graphs with various weight combinations when dealing with a large number of loading conditions (i.e., more than three). This limitation makes it challenging to achieve a comprehensive overview and identify solutions with the lowest stress levels. Additionally, attempting numerous weight combinations requires significant effort to solve these problems using the WS method. In addition, when tracking the stress levels of structures obtained using different methods, calculation results also showcase the effectiveness of the proposed method in providing solutions with low stress levels for common scenarios, although the stress level is not the object of interest in the proposed method. In particular, when the loads are applied to common regions among different load cases, the reduction of the compliance under the most severe load case leads to a reduction in the maximum stress. Therefore, the BCM method also works effectively in terms of the stress level. Despite many advantages and promises in solving problems with multiple load cases, this BCM method still has a number of disadvantages, including the high computational cost owing to many nested loops. Furthermore, based on observation of the examples, it appears that when the loads are applied to geometrically different regions among different load cases, the TEWS method might give better results in general. This is because when the objective function is the sum of all compliances under each load case, it can capture all the load cases' impacts on different regions of the structure. The use of the proposed method for these cases must be considered with caution and with the post-optimization fine-tuning operation. Through the examination of numerous simple problems in this paper, we have gained insights into both the advantages and limitations of the proposed method. This provides an important basis from which to apply the proposed method to practical engineering problems in our future studies in our narrow field, namely, marine engineering. **Author Contributions:** [PERSON] authored the main manuscript and created the figures and tables. The codes and calculations were also performed by [PERSON], Y.K., as [PERSON]'s supervisor, provided extensive guidance, advice, and recommendations to help complete the manuscript. Additionally, [PERSON], as [PERSON]'s advisor, contributed significantly during the research process, offering valuable comments and advice, particularly regarding calculations and discussions on the effectiveness of the compliance approach in managing stress levels throughout the optimization process. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. **Funding:** This research received no external funding.