## 1 Introduction  
The modern world remains exposed to a variety of threats, which, as the past decades have shown, can lead to serious global crises. The 21 st century is undoubtedly an era of profound transformation and rapid development, with technological advances, economic globalization, and international cooperation at the forefront [1, 2]. However, it is also a time marked by numerous global crises with diverse origins [3, 4, 5]. For instance, in 2008, the global financial and banking crisis stemmed from the collapse of the mortgage market in the USA [6]. In 2015, Europe faced significant challenges due to the sudden influx of migrants and refugees [7]. In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 pandemic, which disrupted all aspects of life and shock the global economy [8]. The 21 st century has also been marked by ongoing military crises, as evidenced by the armed conflict between Ukraine and Russia [9], as well as continued geopolitical tensions in the Middle East [10]. These challenges are further intensified by ongoing environmental degradation and climate system disruptions, which negatively impact human health, the economy, and society [11, 12]. Given the recent crises, it is essential to explore how to ensure the stability and security of the global economy in the face of new potential threats. One of the most important sectors significantly affecting the daily lives of billions of people worldwide is transport [13]. However, it is also responsible for a substantial portion of greenhouse gas emissions, which exacerbate the climate crisis. Therefore, developing sustainable transport, which balances efficiency, low emissions, and minimal environmental impact, has become a key challenge for the modern world. Recent years have seen rapid development of technology and innovative solutions aimed at transforming the transport sector into one that is not only more environmentally friendly but also more resilient to disruptions, such as a future pandemic or another global crisis [14]. Electromobility, infrastructure development, intelligent transport systems (ITS), and innovative approaches to logistics and public transport are just some of the directions in which modern transport is evolving. However, the implementation of these solutions depends on various factors, such as government policies, technology availability, and international cooperation. Equally important is to ensure that these innovations can be effectively applied and have practical uses during crises [15]. The purpose of this publication is to identify the latest solutions in sustainable transport development and to highlight their relevance in the context of potential global crises. This study is based on two key research questions:  
* What solutions related to sustainable transport development are described in the latest scientific research? * What is the significance of recent advances in transport solutions in the context of potential global crises? This article presents a systematic review of current research on transport industry innovations, categorizing these solutions and discussing their importance in the context of possible global crises. The findings not only highlight key solutions for ensuring the stability of the economy and the transport sector during crises but also suggest future research directions focused on developing strategies to improve security in the face of potential threats. Furthermore, these findings provide transport organizers with proposals for practical solutions that could help achieve a more resilient and sustainable flow of passengers and goods in the event of future crises. The article is structured into several sections. Following the introduction, Section 2 presents the theoretical framework, which outlines the categorization of modern transport solutions and the classification of contemporary global crises. This section also defines the concept of'sustainable transport' and explains its principles.