## 3 Conclusions  
The presented literature review on the sensitization of emulsion explosive matrices demonstrates that several sensitization methods exist, each differing in its underlying mechanism. These methods are typically classified into two primary categories: chemical and physical. In chemical sensitization, specific chemical compounds are added to the EE matrix. The decomposition of these compounds produces gases that form bubbles, thereby reducing the density of the matrix. These gas bubbles are adiabatically compressed by the propagating shock wave generated by an initiator, leading to the formation of \"hot spots\" that are critical for the initiation of detonation. In contrast, physical sensitization encompasses several distinct mechanisms. The incorporation of low-bulk-density substances into the matrix similarly results in the formation of \"hot spots\" analogous to those produced by chemical gas generation. Furthermore, the introduction of solid heterogeneities--particularly materials with high hardness--represents a conventional approach to sensitizing explosives. The interaction of the shock wave with high-impedance inclusions results in localized temperature increases, which, in turn, trigger the exothermic decomposition of active molecules in their immediate vicinity. Additionally, the inclusion of high-detonation-capable explosive materials into the EE matrix leads to an exothermic reaction upon the passage of a shock wave, thereby creating centers that facilitate the propagation of detonation throughout the entire matrix. An analysis of the described EE sensitization methods suggests that chemical sensitization is the most optimal approach, particularly when inexpensive components are employed to generate gas bubbles within the matrix. Its principal advantages include low cost and the ability to produce EE in situ. Sensitizing the matrix directly in the blasthole obviates the need for transporting explosive materials via public roads, a factor that is critical for ensuring transport safety and mitigating potential terrorist threats. The broader field of explosive materials represents a highly specialized domain in both scientific research and industrial applications. Examples include the diverse EE formulations currently in use, as well as various explosive mixtures. Black powder, developed in the 9 th century by the Chinese, remains one of the most effective ignition agents; nitrocellulose, synthesized in 1846 by [PERSON], continues to serve as a fundamental component in gunpowder formulations; and TNT, invented in 1863 by [PERSON], is the most commonly used low-sensitivity explosive in military mixtures. A similar scenario applies to emulsion explosives. Despite 56 years having elapsed since their initial patenting by [PERSON], EEs are still regarded as the most advanced blasting agents in mining. Compared to the original patents, significant changes in composition have not been observed, with only modifications such as the incorporation of polyisobutylenesuccinic anhydride as an emulsifier [61; 62] or the development of Low-Water-Composition EEs [63], which include additives like ammonium nitrate and aluminum powder. Based on the current state of knowledge, it is challenging to delineate new research directions for EEs. A potential innovation in this field may be the development of explosive mixtures in which hydrogen peroxide acts as the oxidizer [64], building on the findings of previous studies by [PERSON] et al. [65; 66; 67; 68]. Notably, in the explosives investigated by [PERSON] et al., a matrix based on a concentrated aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide was sensitized using either glass microspheres or chemical methods. Conceptualization, A.M.; methodology, A.M.; data curation, B.K. and D.M. ; writing--original draft preparation, A.M., B.K. and D.M. ; writing--review and editing, A.M., B.K., D.M. and W.J. ; funding acquisition, W.J. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.