## 2 Architectural Models and Research Methods
In this paper, the indoor flow field is calculated using the standard k-\(\epsilon\) turbulence model. The CFD method is used to solve the wind field by establishing the conservation of mass, momentum, and energy of the fluid flow in the computational domain. This is carried out by establishing a mathematical governing equation, which has the following general form:  
\[\frac{\partial(\rho\phi)}{\partial t}+div(\rho UL\phi)=div(\Gamma_{\phi}grad \phi)+S_{\phi} \tag{4}\]  
\(\phi\) in this formula can be physical quantities such as velocity (m/s), turbulent kinetic energy (m\({}^{2}\)/s\({}^{2}\)), turbulent dissipation rate (m\({}^{2}\)/s\({}^{3}\)), and temperature (T), as shown in Table 3.  
\(\mu\) is the dynamic viscosity of air (Pa-s), \(\mu_{\mathrm{t}}\) is the component of the fluid along the \(t\) direction, \(\rho\) is the density of air (kg/m\({}^{3}\)), \(\alpha\) is the thermal diffusivity (m\({}^{2}\)/s), \(G_{\mathrm{k}}\) is the turbulent momentum caused by the average velocity gradient,\(C_{\mu}=0.0845\), \(C_{1e}=1.0\), \(C_{2e}=1.42\), and \(\sigma\) is the turbulence parameter. The equations are discretized using the second-order upwind scheme, which meets the accuracy requirements for general fluid simulation calculations. Figure 4: Hourly load of substation main control building throughout the year. The inlet boundary conditions for the calculation model mainly consist of wind speed and direction data under different working conditions. The inlet wind speed is calculated using Formula (5), while the free flow is used as the exit boundary condition. The wind field's two side boundaries and top boundary are set as sliding wall surfaces. This ensures that the air flow is not affected by wall surface friction, allowing for a simulation of real outdoor wind flow. The ground boundary of the wind field is set as a non-slip wall, which affects the air flow due to ground friction. \[v_{in}=v_{R}\cdot\big{(}\frac{Z}{Z_{R}}\big{)}^{\alpha_{1}} \tag{5}\]  
where \(v\) is the average wind speed of any point, \(Z\) represents the height of the point, and subscript \(R\) represents the parameter under the standard height. Additionally, \(\alpha\)1 represents the ground roughness coefficient. The multi-area network method is used to simulate and calculate the natural ventilation volume of multi-room for natural ventilation, in order to obtain the ventilation times. The software extracts the wind pressure of single building doors and windows through outdoor ventilation calculation and then calculates the air exchange times of the whole building through the multi-area network method. The heating and air conditioning systems used in the above-mentioned system are electric heating and split air conditioning, respectively. However, according to Article 9.1.2 of the \"Design Code for Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning of Industrial Buildings\" [21] GB50019-2015, industrial plants and auxiliary buildings should not use electric direct heating equipment as a heat source for heating and air conditioning, unless they meet one of the following conditions and cannot use heat pumps. Isolated buildings without access to central heating and lacking any other heat source can be challenging to heat. In such cases, the use of fuel oil and coal-fired equipment is strictly restricted due to environmental and fire safety concerns. In areas with sufficient electricity supply and peak and valley electricity prices, heat can be stored during the low power period at night and used during peak hours or periods of non-use. Additionally, important electrical premises that cannot be heated by hot water or steam may require alternative heating solutions. Renewable energy can be used to generate electricity, which can then be used for electric heating. Therefore, the original heating system does not meet current standards and requires improvement.