# Enhanced Bit Repair IP Fast Reroute Mechanism for Rapid Network Recovery
## 7 Conclusions  
In this paper, we introduced a new enhanced version of the original B-REP FRR mechanism, called the Enhanced B-REP mechanism, which provides an advanced reroute solution for IP network infrastructure. The EB-REP mechanism eliminates two significant disadvantages of the B-REP mechanism, namely the provision of protection against only one network error (even link or node) and only for specific but critical IP flows. Proposed EB-REP functionalities currently support protection against multiple outages in a single network. This protection can now be provided for all network flows. Both functions make EB-REP an interesting contribution to solving the IP FRR problem.  
We should also note that EB-REP inherits and retains several innovative properties of the B-REP mechanism. Let us mention the use of a standardized BIER header for packet tunneling and the usage of the header Bit-String field. This decision offers us the opportunity to use a standardized approach to tunneling user data and at the same time to transmit FRR information, within which the BS is a highly effective method of defining the entire multi-hop alternative route. Another benefit is routing by Bit-String, which creates  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **EB-REP** & **LFA** & **R-LFA** & **EM-REP** \\ \hline Time of Fast Reroute Process & 0.035144 & 0.035044 & 0.035148 & 0.035358 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 14: Comparison of FRR mechanisms.  
unique and exact hop-by-hop switching between the router around the failed element in the network. Another advantage of using Bit-String is the ability to perform unique and accurate hop-by-hop packet processing, such as efficient switching. The speed of EB-REP is comparable to existing FRR solutions.  
The EB-REP was implemented and tested in the OMNeT++ discrete event simulator with various scenarios and topologies. These tests validated the functional correctness of all EB-REP improvements. Our further research focuses on the application of EB-REP to other specific areas of deployment, such as the IP FRR managed through SDN and FRR protection in WSN. At present, we are focusing on the possibilities of implementing Fast Reroute technology into existing WSN protocols, such as Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) and Destination-Sequenced Distance-Vector Routing (DSDV). These protocols are implemented in the OMNeT++ tool and therefore are well suited to support further FRR investigation and FRR implementation intentions.  
Conceptualization, J.P. and P.S.; software, J.P.; validation, J.P. and P.S.; formal analysis, J.P., P.S., M.K.; investigation, J.P.; resources, J.P.; data curation, J.P.; writing--original draft preparation, J.P.; writing--review and editing, J.P., P.S., M.K.; investigation, J.P.; visualization, J.P. and P.S.; supervision, J.P. and P.S.; project administration, J.P. and P.S.; funding acquisition, J.P., P.S. and M.K. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This publication was realized with support of the Operational Programme Integrated Infrastructure in frame of the project: Intelligent systems for UAV real-time operation and data processing, code ITMS2014+: 313011V422 and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund.  
Not applicable.  
This publication was realized with support of the Operational Programme Integrated Infrastructure in frame of the project: Intelligent systems for UAV real-time operation and data processing, code ITMS2014+: 313011V422 and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund.  
The authors declare no conflict of interest.