## 1 Introduction  
Rockburst is a common engineering disaster. In order to more accurately predict rockburst, so as to ensure smooth construction, researchers have used different methods and different angles to study the rockburst process and mechanism. The research methods for rockbursts include theoretical analysis, indoor tests, on-site tests, and numerical simulation. Representative rockburst theories include strength theory, energy theory, stiffness theory, and propensity theory. Researchers use theoretical analysis to study the rockburst mechanism and predict its occurrence. Indoor tests include uniaxial, biaxial, triaxial, and dynamic tests. On-site tests include on-site exploration, stress monitoring, microseismic monitoring, and so on. Researchers use different software to establish different models to analyze rockburst processes. Due to the limitations of experimental conditions and costs,there is relatively little analysis and summary of on-site rockbursts. However, on-site rockburst tests are the most practical and can better reflect the process of rockburst incubation and occurrence. The rockburst mechanism is complex, and rockburst prediction is difficult. Therefore, the prediction and prevention of rockbursts have always been a research hotspot. [PERSON] et al. [1] used empirical approaches to evaluate the proneness of rockburst occurrence. Numerical simulation was used to predict the actual failure zone well. This method can effectively analyze the mechanism of rockburst, but it cannot grasp the internal activity status of surrounding rocks in real time and predict the occurrence of rockburst in a timely manner. [PERSON] et al. [2] summarized the geotechnical issues encountered, including the various modes of rock mass instability and geological hazards, and introduced the current analytical techniques used for prediction in China. This article provided a comprehensive explanation of rock engineering technology. [PERSON] et al. [3] discussed the major challenges that were encountered during construction herein along with their countermeasures. The research results of this article have an important guiding significance for the excavation of deep-buried tunnels with complex geological environments. [PERSON] et al. [4] selected four typical rockburst events and described their temporal and spatial characteristics in detail. The research results were of great help in understanding the rockburst mechanism. They had relatively little research on the activity state inside surrounding rocks, which was very important for predicting rockbursts. During the excavation process, the rock mass will inevitably produce different-scale microcracks, which contain rich information [5; 6]. Microseismic monitoring technology is a three-dimensional spatial monitoring method that can form a spatial network structure by arranging a relatively small number of accelerometers, enabling real-time collection of microcrack information inside the rock mass. Then, by analyzing the microcrack information, the microseismic activity laws inside the rock mass can be better understood, revealing the precursor information of rock mass engineering instability and delineating the main damage zones and potential danger zones of the tunnel surrounding rock, which can provide a reference basis for later construction plans. The main characteristics of microseismic monitoring technology include: (1) It can directly determine important parameters such as the time, space, and energy release intensity of microcracks inside the rock masses; (2) Accelerometers can be deployed in areas far away from rock mass that are prone to damage, ensuring the safety of monitoring personnel and equipment, and ensuring that the monitoring system can operate for a long time without being damaged; (3) It can cover a large monitoring area with a limited number of sensors; (4) It can monitor in real time and transmit data remotely. Microseismic monitoring equipment can capture rock fracture signals in real time.