# Inter-Beam Co-Channel Downlink and Uplink Interference for 5G New Radio in mm-Wave Bands +
## 5 Simulation Results
### UL Scenario  
In Figures 10-13, the simulation results are depicted for the UL scenario. Figures 10 and 11 present the SIR curves versus separation angles for selected distances between the gNodeB and UE-I, under LOS and NLOS conditions, respectively. Figure 12 shows the CDFs of SIR for the UL scenario, which were obtained based on curves in Figures 10 and 11.  
Figure 11: SIR versus separation angle for UL scenario, selected \(D_{I}=\{50,\,100,\,150\}\) m, \(D_{S}=100\) m, and NLOS (TDL-B) conditions.  
The obtained results are evident because the SIR graphs correspond to the inversion of the gNodeB beam pattern for the useful link. This testifies the correctness of the developed simulation procedure. The comparison of graphs in Figures 10 and 11 shows the smoothing effect of a multipath propagation environment on changes in the SIR as a function of \(\Delta\alpha\). Figure 11 shows that as the distance between the UE-I and gNodeB increases, the shape of the analyzed graph becomes similar as to the graph for LOS conditions. In this case, the distance increase contributes to the convergence of the signal reception directions to the distribution concentrated around the UE-I-gNodeB direction. Similar as to the DL scenario, the comparative analysis of the CDFs (see Figure 12) shows better beam separation with respect to the NLOS conditions. In this case, for 80% of the simulation test results, the SIR value may be about 25 dB greater. The graphs illustrated in Figures 10 and 11 also show that the proposed model is able to reproduce the observed signal reception directions.  
Figure 12: CDFs of SIR for UL scenario, selected \(D_{I}=\{50,100,150\}\) m, \(D_{S}=100\) m, (**a**) LOS (TDL-D) and (**b**) NLOS (TDL-B) conditions.  
Figure 13: SIR versus distance \(D_{I}\) for UL scenario, selected \(\Delta\alpha=\{15^{\circ},20^{\circ},30^{\circ}\}\), \(D_{S}=100\) m, under (**a**) LOS (TDL-D) and (**b**) NLOS (TDL-B) conditions.  
that under both LOS and NLOS conditions, to ensure the desired quality of the received signal, i.e., a given value of the SIR, the separation angle decreases with increasing the distance. From a practical viewpoint, this conclusion is obvious. However, the possibility of quantitative SIR assessment in multi-beam radio links operating under NLOS conditions determines the originality of the presented solution. This fact is a premise for the practical use of the developed method in the process of planning and power control in radio links with multi-beam antenna systems.  
Figure 13 displays the SIR charts versus \(D_{I}\) for \(D_{S}=100\) m, selected \(\Delta\alpha\), under LOS and NLOS conditions. The presented results are obtained for \(\Delta\alpha\) equal to \(15^{\circ}\), \(20^{\circ}\), and \(30^{\circ}\). For these values, the gNodeB beam pattern of the serving link reaches the first minimum, maximum of the first side-lobe, and second minimum, respectively (see Figure 10).  
Analyzing the results for LOS conditions, we can see the same effect as for the DL simulation study scenario. Despite the larger separation angle for \(\Delta\alpha=20^{\circ}\), we obtain a lower useful beam resistance to interference compared to \(\Delta\alpha=15^{\circ}\). Of course, the reason for this effect is the same as in the DL scenario. For NLOS conditions, the scattering phenomenon of electromagnetic waves under these conditions makes it impossible to concentrate the received power in the Tx-Rx direction. Therefore, we do not see this effect in Figure 13b. The obtained results show the possibility of the SIR evaluation for various propagation conditions enabling optimal management of co-channel beams, which is the basis for interference mitigation, minimizing energy and spectral resources of wireless networks.