# The Role of Climbing Exercises in Developing Balance Ability in Children
## 2 Materials and Methods
### Research Instruments  
The students were initially and finally evaluated on two developmental levels: physical and motor development. To assess physical development, body height (BH), body weight (BW), and body mass index (BMI) were measured and recorded. The following tests were used to measure the level of motor ability development:  
(a) The Standing Stork test (Figure 1) was used for two tests: static single-leg balance ability on the right foot (SSB-R) and the left foot (SSB-L). The Standing Stork test [16] was conducted as follows: standing on both feet, palms on the hips, the participant lifts their right foot and places their sole on the lateral-internal side of the left foot (Figure 1). At the assessor's command, the participant lifts the heel of their supporting (left) foot and stands on tiptoe for as long as possible. The timer, which is started when the heel of the right foot is placed on the left foot, stops when the heel of the left foot touches the floor or when the right foot moves from its original position. After a 3 min break, the test continues with the other foot. * (b) Balance tests using the Sensbalance MiniBoard 1.0 system [17] for 10 tests:
* lateral dynamic two-leg balance with eyes open (LDB_EO) and eyes closed (LDB_EC);
* vertical dynamic balance with eyes open (VDB_EO) and eyes closed (VDB_EC);
* static balance on both feet with eyes open (SBFB_EO) and eyes closed (SBFB_EC);
* static balance on the right foot with eyes open (SRFB_EO) and eyes closed (SRFB_EC);
* static balance on the left foot with eyes open (SLFB_EO) and eyes closed (SLFB_EC). * The Sensbalance MiniBoard 1.0 system consists of the following:
* a mini-board device with a maximum tilt of 10\({}^{\circ}\) on all sides (Figure 2);
* a computer on which the image is generated and recorded (Figure 3);
* basic and supplementary software packages that generate data regarding balance and the directions of the general center of gravity (GCG) movement (Figure 4). The Sensbalance MiniBoard (Sensbalance MiniBoard; Sensamove(r), Utrecht, The Netherlands) is an assessment tool also used in training and therapy. This innovative device was designed and developed by the Dutch company Sensamove and is part of their range of interactive balance equipment. It is equipped with five measurement devices; includes basic and additional software packages for evaluating and improving balance stability, and coordination; and stores information in Notepad, Excel, and graphic files. The SensBalance MiniBoard was used successfully in several studies, which confirms its  
Figure 1: Assessment position for the Standing Stork test. Figure 3: The computer on which the image is generated and recorded: (**a**) position on the mini-board in front of the computer; (**b**) data recording. Figure 2: Sensitive mini-board. reliability and validity. [PERSON] [18] compares the effectiveness of conventional physiotherapy training with and without visual feedback in ambulatory stroke patients and concludes that the use of the Sensbalance MiniBoard equipment with visual feedback was the most effective. The assessment process involves activating the stabilometric platform; providing instructions to the student and recording their personal data (height, weight, age); setting up the test and placing one or both feet on the mini-board; conducting the evaluation; which lasts 30 s; recording the data on the computer; and transferring the data from the computer to tables for processing and analysis. The test requires participants to complete it twice: first with their eyes open and then with their eyes closed. The dynamic balance test evaluates an individual's ability to maintain the projection of the GCG within the base of support. Vertical dynamic balance assesses an individual's ability to maintain the CGG projection above the base of support without lifting or lowering. Establishing an evaluation grid is challenging because anterior-posterior deviations of the GCG depend on its height relative to the support surface and the length of the lower limb.