## 3 Results and Discussion
#### 3.1.5 Discussion of Key Studies Regarding the Research Question  
In organizing the contributions of the previously mentioned works, we have categorized them based on their specific applications. For example, numerous systems have been created mainly for fall detection, which is crucial in safeguarding vulnerable groups such as the elderly. These systems employ various sensor technologies and algorithms to detect falls in real time and alert caregivers or emergency services when \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{56.9 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt} p{113.8 pt}} \hline \hline
**Platform Type** & **Technology Used** & **Primary Use Cases** & **Innovative Features** & **References** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Mobile Apps} & Android-based systems, Bluetooth, wearable technology, facial video processing & Assists elderly, continuous vital sign monitoring, TIA/stroke telemonitoring, medication reminders & Accuracy in monitoring, real-time tracking, integration with wearable devices, SMS alerts & [57, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108] \\ \cline{2-4}  & Web dashboards, server applications, Web3 technology, CSS/HTML, MQTT messaging & Health data aggregation, remote monitoring, patient-healthcare provider communication & Real-time alerts, seamless integration of data sources, cost-effectiveness, sustainability in healthcare & [89, 93, 101, 104, 109, 110] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Summary of studies in the web-based and mobile applications category. needed. By categorizing these contributions based on their intended applications, we can better comprehend the strengths and functionalities of each system within the larger context of health and safety technology. For instance, [30] monitors indoor human activities and detects falls using radar sensors, while [31] attains high accuracy in fall detection by utilizing WiFi signals. Both systems can operate under various environmental conditions--Doppler radar functions regardless of lighting, and DeFall does not require prior training in new environments. However, there are potential privacy concerns associated with constant monitoring. Other systems concentrate on domains including cardiovascular health and sleep monitoring, as highlighted in [28; 29], which discusses an innovative mattress created from low-cost plastic optical fibers. While these mattresses are affordable and scalable, they may not be effective for individuals with minimal body movement during sleep. Consequently, both systems have limitations tied to specific monitoring scenarios. Additionally, for comprehensive health monitoring, we have the pioneering telehealthcare system in [25], the millimeter-wave radar health detection system in [32], and the home robotics system based on cyber-physical systems in [33]. These systems share common strengths, such as real-time data analysis and visualization through cloud-based platforms. However, they may feature complex setups that could be challenging for users. Some studies focus on integrating AI to enhance real-time decision-making and promote the use of mobile applications for improved accessibility. These studies, such as [35; 36; 37; 44; 50], highlight how these advancements can reduce healthcare costs and improve access, particularly in remote areas. Nevertheless, these innovations often rely heavily on internet connectivity, which may limit their effectiveness in rural locations. Monitoring systems, such as those described in [26; 39; 53; 75], leverage specialized microcontrollers like NI's MyRIO, NodeMCU, and ESP32 for signal acquisition and processing. These systems prioritize local data processing, reducing the dependence on cloud storage and making them well-suited for home environments. However, their scalability is limited compared to cloud-based solutions, requiring specialized hardware and software expertise. Moreover, IoT-based wearable health monitoring systems, as highlighted in [71; 79], have been developed for real-time health monitoring with wearable devices and GSM modules for emergency alerts and remote communication.