# Synergistic Effect and Phase Behavior of SCG-CAPB-H\({}_{2}\)O
## 3 Results and Discussion
### The Phase Behavior of SCG/CAPB System
#### 3.2.1 POM and SAXS Results  
In comparison to visual observation, polarized light microscopy allows for a more precise determination of the phase state of anisotropic solution samples. Different phases of samples exhibit distinct interference patterns under polarized light, presenting varied texture structures when detected by a polarizer [8; 9; 10]. Selected representative samples were characterized using polarized light microscopy, and the composition of these samples is provided in Table 4.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c c c} \hline \(X_{1}\) & \(X_{1}^{m}\) & \(X_{1}^{\sigma}\) & \(\beta^{m}\) & \(\beta^{\sigma}\) & \(ln\frac{C_{1}^{m}}{C_{2}^{s}}\) & \(ln\frac{C_{2}^{s}}{C_{2}^{s}}\) & \(\beta^{\sigma}-\beta^{m}\) & \(ln\frac{C_{2}^{m}C_{1}^{s}}{C_{1}^{sThe polarized optical microscope images of samples 1-4 are shown in Figure 4. In Figure 4a, the sample appears dark under the polarized microscope, indicating that it belongs to an isotropic solution. Previous visual observations also confirmed the sample to be a clear, colorless solution. Combined with visual observations and polarized microscope characterization, it can be inferred that sample 1 is a micellar solution. Figure 4b exhibits the characteristic \"Maltese cross\" pattern [68], indicating a layered phase. Figure 4c displays fan-shaped stripes under the polarized microscope, providing strong evidence for the existence of a hexagonal phase, as hexagonal phases exhibit distinctive fan-shaped textures under polarized microscopy. Figure 4d shows pronounced oily streaks, suggesting that sample 4 likely belongs to a layered phase. However, it should be noted that polarized microscopy characterizes the samples optically, providing only one perspective on their phase behavior. To further confirm the results obtained from polarized microscopy, additional characterization using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) is necessary.  
For samples in the POM characterization results where birefringence phenomenon is not observed, they can be classified as micellar phase solutions. Both polarized light microscopy and viscosity measurements indicate their isotropic nature. Sample 1 falls into the category of micellar phase solution, thus negating the necessity for SAXS characterization.  
The small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) characterization results of samples 2, 3, and 4 were analyzed by calculating the ratios between the Bragg peaks to determine the phase states of the samples. As depicted in Figure 5a, the ratio of the scattering vector q at the Bragg peak positions is 1:2, which is a characteristic ratio for layered phases. Combined with the \"Maltese cross\" pattern [68] observed in the POM (polarized optical microscope) image in Figure 4b, it can be inferred that sample 2 exhibits a layered phase. In Figure 5b, the ratio of the scattering vector q at the Bragg peak positions is 1:\(\surd\)3, which is a characteristic ratio for hexagonal phases. This observation, coupled with the fan-shaped texture seen in  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Sample No.** & **SCG (wt\%)** & **CAPB (wt\%)** & **H\({}_{2}\)O (wt\%)** \\ \hline
1 & 5 & 10 & 85 \\
2 & 5 & 40 & 55 \\
3 & 15 & 45 & 40 \\
4 & 15 & 25 & 60 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 4: The composition of typical samples.  
Figure 4: Results of polarized light microscopy characterization of different samples at 25 \({}^{\circ}\)C: (**a**) sample 1; (**b**) sample 2; (**c**) sample 3; (**d**) sample 4.  
the POM image in Figure 4c, indicates that sample 3 displays a hexagonal phase. Similarly, in Figure 5c, the ratio of the scattering vector q at the Bragg peak positions is 1:2, in line with the oily streaks observed in the POM image in Figure 4d, suggesting that sample 4 adopts a layered phase. This interpretation integrates the small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) data with the polarized optical microscopy (POM) images, providing comprehensive insights into the phase behavior of the samples.