## 2 A Method for Assessing the Maturity Level of Key Areas in Manufacturing Companies
### Characteristics of the Key Area
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Level Characteristic** & & **Description and Recommendations** \\ \hline \multirow{6}{*}{Growth opportunities} & Machinery, infrastructure, and equipment: & \\  & Monitoring market trends, & \\  & Development of own standards with a knowledge-sharing policy. & \\  & Human resources: & \\  & Human resources: & \\  & Continuous improvement, looking for tools to help automate decision-making processes. & \\  & Processes: & \\  & Optimization of business processes by seeking dedicated or in-house solutions, & \\  & Focus on acquiring orders and maintaining demand for products. & \\ \hline \multirow{3}{*}{Development recommendations} & \multirow{3}{*}{\(\bullet\) recommendations} & Keeping abreast of changes in market and technological trends, & \\  & Continuous development of staff competencies, management, and talent acquisition, & \\ \cline{1-1}  & Continuous maintenance, updating, and control of all factory systems. & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 7: _Cont._in place. Level three only includes stationary units in enclosed production workstations or collaborative robots; mobile robots are not included. The level thus covers the classic applications of robots to perform technological, assembly, and manipulation operations directly at workstations (adding an axis could allow for movement, but its ability to move is limited). The deployment of mobile robots is becoming increasingly common in intralogistics as they fill the labor shortage gap in internal transport operations. The recommended developments include deploying wireless communication network solutions, eliminating information silos, conducting a needs audit, and optimizing intralogistics processes. The fourth level of maturity involves using AGV/AMR mobile robots for transportation, handling, loading, and unloading purposes. To transition to the mobile robot level, it is essential to integrate with existing OT and IT infrastructure. This involves transferring data to other IT systems to manage business processes in the short term. Robots collect data for advanced analysis and integration into company process management systems. Connecting with WMS, MES, or ERP systems to schedule and delegate tasks is possible. For mobile units, there are additional requirements beyond platform selection. These include navigation systems, power supply, recharging methods, and adapting existing shop floor infrastructure to meet regulations. A commonly overlooked issue is the improper management of material and product flows between production sites and warehouses. Implementing mobile vehicles without proper intralogistics organization is a common mistake that hinders investment and development. Under certain circumstances, reorganizing the machine setup or grouping into production cells may be required. It is also necessary to organize and optimize the space of the production facilities (separation of storage bays, designation of staging and loading areas, setting up of additional inter-operational storage facilities, and reorganization of working methods). The type of mobile vehicle chosen determines the kind of navigation system needed. Physical paths (following lines--magnetic guide tape, inductive cable; markers--magnetic points embedded in the floor, QR codes, or other types of codes) usually interfere with the existing construction of the production facilities (marking out planned movement routes). Laser guidance (laser triangulation), vision guidance, natural navigation (scan matching--SLAM, feature matching--natural feature navigation ANT), inertial navigation (gyroscopic), and geo-guidance require the preparation of infrastructure for data exchange and robot integration. In vision systems, it is crucial to eliminate dust and harmful fumes. The method of charging and battery replacement is vital. Battery replacement can be manual or automatic, and charging can be automatic contact or wireless inductive.