## 3 Results and Discussion  
### Pistacia treebinth L. Fruit Oil Quality Parameters and Aroma Composition  
Some physical and chemical properties of cold-pressed PTFO are shown in Table 2. The low acidity and peroxide value of PTFO showed that the prepared oil has low hydrolytic and oxidative reactivity. According to the results, PTFO is rich in unsaturated fatty acid and has a quite bright yellow color. Table 3 demonstrates the aroma composition of treebinth fruit oil. In total, 24 different aroma compounds were identified. Terpenes were found to be the most abundant class, followed by ketone, acid, and ester compounds. The major aroma compounds were d-limonene (29,626 \(\upmu\)g-kg\({}^{-1}\) oil), ocimene (20,808 \(\upmu\)g-kg\({}^{-1}\) oil), \(\upalpha\)-terpinene (18,937 \(\upmu\)g-kg\({}^{-1}\) oil), and p-cyclene (17,140 \(\upmu\)g-kg\({}^{-1}\) oil). Most of the aroma compounds identified in treebinth fruit oil were similar to those previously identified in the treebinth fruit by  
[PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON] [7]; [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], [PERSON], and [PERSON] [6]; and [PERSON] et al. [45]. Physical and chemical properties of PTFO. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l} \hline \hline
**Physical-Chemical Parameters** & **Value** \\ \hline \hline Acidity (oleic \%) & 1.11 \(\pm\) 0.01 \\ Peroxide (meq/kg oil) & 2.52 \(\pm\) 0.07 \\ p-Anisidine value & not detected \\ TBARS & not detected \\ Color & \\ L\({}^{*}\) & 77.33 \(\pm\) 0.08 \\ a\({}^{*}\) & 16.71 \(\pm\) 0.10 \\ b\({}^{*}\) & 97.74 \(\pm\) 0.25 \\ Fatty acid composition (\(\%\)) & \\ Myristic acid (C14:0) & 0.05 \(\pm\) 0.03 \\ Palmitic Acid (C16:0) & 25.04 \(\pm\) 0.21 \\ Palmitoleic acid (C16:1) & 5.12 \(\pm\) 0.10 \\ Heptadecanoic acid (C17:0) & 0.01 \(\pm\) 0.01 \\ Margaric acid (C17:1) & 0.1 \(\pm\) 0.02 \\ Stearic acid (C18:0) & 1.58 \(\pm\) 0.32 \\ Oleic acid (C18:1) & 51.77 \(\pm\) 0.17 \\ Linoleic acid (C18:2) & 15.17 \(\pm\) 0.40 \\ Eicosanoic acid (C20:0) & 0.11 \(\pm\) 0.02 \\ Linolenic acid (C18:3) & 0.92 \(\pm\) 0.03 \\ Docosahexaenoic acid (C22:0) & 0.02 \(\pm\) 0.03 \\ Eicosadienoic acid (C20:2) & 0.01 \(\pm\) 0.02 \\ Eignoceric acid (C24:0) & 0.04 \(\pm\) 0.01 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Physical and chemical properties of PTFO. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l l} \hline \hline
**LRI 1a ** & **Compounds** & **Concentration (ug-kg-1)b ** & **Identification c ** \\ \hline
1023 & \(\alpha\)-Pinene & 8588 \(\pm\) 54.0 & LRI, MS, Std \\
1112 & \(\beta\)-Pinene & 7778 \(\pm\) 2.1 & LRI, MS, Std \\
1119 & Sabiente & 4427 \(\pm\) 21.8 & LRI, MS, tent \\
1132 & \(p\)-Xylene & 15,321 \(\pm\) 41.1 & LRI, MS, Std \\
1144 & \(\delta\)-3-Careene & 5241 \(\pm\) 44.0 & LRI, MS, tent \\
1160 & \(\beta\)-Myrcene & 1278 \(\pm\) 19.0 & LRI, MS, Std \\
1179 & \(\alpha\)-Terpinene & 18,937 \(\pm\) 27.6 & LRI, MS, Std \\
1197 & D-Limonene & 29,626 \(\pm\) 26.6 & LRI, MS, Std \\
1210 & \(\beta\)-Phellandrene & 7220 \(\pm\) 23.6 & LRI, MS, Std \\
1254 & (\(Z\))-\(\beta\)-Cimene & 8685 \(\pm\) 225.0 & LRI, MS, Std \\
1236 & Ocimene & 20,808 \(\pm\) 146.0 & LRI, MS, Std \\
1268 & \(p\)-Cymene & 17,140 \(\pm\) 11.4 & LRI, MS, Std \\
1286 & \(\alpha\)-Terpinolene & 14,880 \(\pm\) 77.2 & LRI, MS, tent \\
1366 & Alloocimene & 11,545 \(\pm\) 46.1 & LRI, MS, tent \\
1441 & Acetic acid & 2678 \(\pm\) 2.1 & LRI, MS, Std \\
1486 & \(\alpha\)-Copaene & 1567 \(\pm\) 47.0 & LRI, MS, Std \\
1545 & Linalool & 1984 \(\pm\) 69.2 & LRI, MS, Std \\
1574 & Bornyl acetate & 1287 \(\pm\) 57.7 & LRI, MS, Std \\
1596 & 4-Terpineol & 1352 \(\pm\) 56.7 & LRI, MS, Std \\
1668 & \(\alpha\)-Terpineol & 1562 \(\pm\) 41.9 & LRI, MS, Std \\
1711 & Piperitone & 2232 \(\pm\) 51.5 & LRI, MS, tent \\
1749 & \(\delta\)-Cadinene & 1884 \(\pm\) 22.7 & LRI, MS, Std \\
1832 & (\(\cdot\))-Calamenene & 3123 \(\pm\) 37.2 & LRI, MS, tent \\
2116 & Thymol & 644 \(\pm\) 20.0 & LRI, MS, Std \\  & General Total & 189,785 \(\pm\) 248.0 & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Aroma composition of terephthal fruit oil.