# Barriers to Enduring Pro-Environmental Habits among Urban Residents
## 2 Literature Review
It is natural that financial concerns lead to purchasing recycled items instead of buying new things [38]. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [39] noted that economic concern is a critical factor of natural behavior toward green purchasing. Therefore, the study formulated the following hypothesis for examination. **Hypothesis 2 (H2). **_There is no significant effect of economic concerns on pro-environmental habits._  
Health concern is another essential feature of pro-environmental behavior, which reflects well-being-related issues, such as awareness, significance, or stress of those who might be healthy but are nevertheless indirectly affected, such as the families of patients or medical care staff. Climate change is now widely acknowledged as one of the most severe risks to human health today. Overt examples of projected health implications include differences in cold-related mortality, heat, zoonotic diseases, parasitic, infectious, and the consequences of extreme events. Chronic, insidious effects of climate change are not well understood, but they are likely to be significant and increase with time. Moreover, secondary impacts, such as tertiary impacts and restricted freshwater flow, are associated with rising resource conflicts. According to the World Health Organization's (WHO) newest assessment, climate change is expected to cause around 250,000 more unequally distributed deaths yearly between 2030 and 2050 [40]. However, these values are likely to be underestimated because longer-term secondary and tertiary effects are not considered. As a result, both health experts and the general population are unaware of the problem. As a result, there have been insufficient investments in preparing for the health effects of climate change and a lack of awareness of the critical need for interactive cooperation among the health, behavioral, and environmental sectors. On the other hand, health effects due to climate change have become more apparent, and this problem is receiving significant attention in the health sector and policy discussions. A few studies have also looked into how well the general public understands the health effects of climate change. This highlights the importance of explaining the health hazards that our unsustainable behavior causes. Climate change has been suggested to be reframed as a public health issue in order to comprehend our reliance on healthy ecosystems better. Even though there are various ecological issues, such as contamination (e.g., water, air, soil), environmental change has become an impressive wellspring of general medical conditions through various illnesses [41]. People who see ecological issues as a genuine danger to their health and well-being have more natural habits, such as reusing, water protection, and buying items harmless to the ecosystem [42]. Apparently, clients with a significant degree of well-being concern are relied upon to have a more grounded empathy for ecological practices. [PERSON] et al. [43] found that well-being mindfulness positively correlated with the support of environmental practices. Furthermore, well-being as an individual aspect has been found to be a driver for the buying of green items [44]. Thus, the literature suggests that buyers with a significant degree of worry about health concerns will purchase more green items. Based on the above discussion, this study formulated the following hypothesis,  
**Hypothesis 3 (H3)**. : _There is no significant effect of health concerns on pro-environmental habits._  
[PERSON] et al. [45] defined pro-environmental socioeconomic norms as \"recognized or implied standards on how members of a society act and should act.\" Likewise, [PERSON] and [PERSON] [46] found that socioeconomic standards significantly impacted pro-environmental behavior. The existing literature is clear that perceived socioeconomic norms significantly impact pro-environmental behavior. When people perceive less favorable socioeconomic norms, affect is more likely to be related to behavior than when they perceive more accepted norms.