## 1 Introduction  
The rapid spread of drug-resistant bacteria is now occurring all over the world, posing a threat to the forms and availability of currently known treatments [1, 2, 3]. This situation has worsened over time and now, according to many scientists and clinicians, medicine is gradually entering the post-antibiotic era [4, 5]. The universality of antibiotic usage in various sectors of human life generates a selective pressure on human microflora and pathogens colonizing the human body [6]. Keeping in mind that the digestive system is the largest human reservoir of bacteria and is constantly subjected to the selection pressure to diverse antimicrobials, monitoring resistance and improving methods aimed at combating pathogens persistently colonizing this system is of paramount importance [7, 8]. In this context, _Helicobacter pylori_ seems to be one of the most important threats [9, 10]. _H. pylori_ is one of the most frequent human pathogens and a leading etiological agent of various gastric diseases, including gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancers (adenocarcinomas and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas) [11]. The success of _H. pylori_ as a gastric pathogen is associated with its ability to survive in harsh conditions generated by the stomach [12]. Complex physiological processes related to virulence, such as biofilm formation [13, 14, 15] and morphological transformation [16, 17, 18], although describedfor first time for _H. pylori_ a long time ago, just recently began to be shown as crucial to the survival of this microorganism and the relationship to therapeutic failures. This is reflected not only in the increasing amount of research conducted on both biofilms and coccoid forms of _H. pylori_, but also in recommendations encouraging efforts to intensify the search for methods effective in interfering with these mechanisms [13; 16; 19; 20]. In the past few years, the relevance of computational chemistry tools as partners to experimental investigations has been emphasized. Among several application fields, computer aided drug design is the most promising and intensively utilized. These in silico studies focus on searching for possible drug candidates and have become a strategy of choice in examining and developing novel compounds with the desired activity due to their satisfying results [21]. Not only does this approach significantly reduce the time required to conduct studies by screening the entire library in a short period of time and thus discarding inactive compounds at the outset, but it also provides opportunities to discover novel pharmaceuticals that may be used in the treatment of certain diseases such as cancers [22] or neurodegenerative disorders [23]. This is especially true nowadays, as the methodology is being coupled with artificial intelligence, which improves its accuracy and, therefore, leads to new discoveries [24]. Plant substances are well known for their beneficial, health-promoting properties [25]. Studies show that phytochemicals have a multidirectional mechanism of action in their antibacterial activity: disruption of cytoplasmic membrane function and structure (including the efflux system), interaction with the membrane proteins (ATPases and others), interruption of DNA/RNA synthesis and function, destabilization of the proton motive force and induction of ion leakage, prevention of enzyme synthesis, coagulation of cytoplasmic constituents, and interruption of microbial communication [26]. Some publications highlight the potential of natural products to influence the survivability of _H. pylori_, either by reducing resistance to specific antibiotics [27] or by postponing biofilm development [28]. It seems that stringent response may be an excellent target in novel therapies fighting pathogenic microorganisms [29]. The stringent response is a phenomenon related to microbial reprogramming during which ribosomal synthesis is downregulated, while stress-associated genes are upregulated.