## 3 Results and Discussion
### Some Chemical and Phytochemical Components
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Algae**} & **Chlorophyll \(a\),** & **Chlorophyll \(b\),** \\  & \(\mu\)g/g & \(\mu\)g/g \\ \cline{2-3}  & **Mean \(\pm\) SD** & **Mean \(\pm\) SD** \\ \hline _Chlorella_ spp. (lyophilized) & \(1659.1\pm 1.2\)\({}^{\text{b}}\) & \(3533.7\pm 2.1\)\({}^{\text{b}}\) \\ _E. crimita_ (lyophilized) & \(163.6\pm 0.78\)\({}^{\text{e}}\) & \(251.1\pm 0.78\)\({}^{\text{d}}\) \\ _U. intestinalis_ (lyophilized) & \(193.1\pm 0.83\)\({}^{\text{d}}\) & \(9.9\pm 0.1\)\({}^{\text{e}}\) \\ _A. platensis_ & \(588.41\pm 1.0\)\({}^{\text{c}}\) & \(1337.02\pm 2.0\)\({}^{\text{c}}\) \\ _A. platensis_ & \(4237.29\pm 4.1\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) & \(4843.27\pm 5.1\)\({}^{\text{a}}\) \\ (convection dried) & & \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 8: Chlorophyll content in algae samples. Figure 4: The phenolic acids content of algae (mg/100 g) determined by HPLC. 1. _A. platensis_ (convection dried); 2. _A. platensis_ (lyophilized); 3. _U. intestinalis_; 4. _C. limum_; 5. _E. crimita_; 6. _Chlorella_ spp. The chlorophylll content obtained by ultrasonic extraction at 45 kHz from dry _A. platensis_ samples is similar to the one reported by [PERSON] et al. for ultrasonic acetone extraction between (2.6-4.7) mg/g) [90]. According to [PERSON] [91], the optimal conditions for ultrasonic extraction of chlorophyll are with ethanol at 20.52 kHz, 32.59 \({}^{\circ}\)C, for 4.91 h and yield 17.98 mg/g. Increasing temperature and extraction time can cause the breakdown of chlorophylls in _A. platensis_, as chlorophylls are sensitive to heat [91]. Our chlorophyll content data are close to those presented by [PERSON] et al. [92] for chlorophyll \(b\) content obtained by CO2 supercritical extraction from dry _A. platensis_. Freeze-dried seaweeds _E. crimita_ and _U. intestinalis_ have lower chlorophylll content than marine green macroalga _Cladophora glomerata_ (0.30 mg/g) [93]. The chlorophylll content, especially chlorophyll \(b\) detected in _E. crimita_, that we detected was higher than the one found in _Gongolaria barbata_ (formerly _Cystoseira barbata_) (Phaeophyceae) from Rusalka Cape, Bulgaria [94] and comparable with the data reported for the same age from the Black sea coast in Sinop, Turkey [95]. Of course, we should not overlook the fact that the chlorophyll content depends on algae nutrient media and environmental factors [96; 97; 98]  
Algae are a fascinating natural source of novel components with biological activity used as functional ingredients. Some types of algae are organisms that live in complex habitats and are subject to extreme conditions (such as changes in water salinity, temperature, nutrients, and ultraviolet radiation); therefore, in order to survive, they must quickly adapt to new environmental conditions to survive, producing a wide variety of secondary (biologically active) metabolites that cannot be found in other organisms [99]. A key component in the nucleus of the _Chlorella_ spp. cell is the so-called growth factor (_Chlorella Growth Factor_--C.G.F). This nucleotide-peptide complex of substances is found only in _Chlorella_ spp. It is called a growth factor because it is produced during intensive photosynthesis and this allows these algae to reproduce very quickly. C.G.F. contains nucleic acids and amino acids, peptides, polysaccharides, vitamins and beta-glucans. This complex of substances is not found in other minerals, herbs or foods and can help improve the body's natural defenses and contribute to its detoxification [100].