# Subarctic Vegetation under the Mixed Warming and Air Pollution Influence
## 3 Results
### Tree Growth and Mortality Dynamics
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Equation** & **Adjusted \(R^{2}\)** & **AICc** & **Explained Variance** & **Fraction of Variance** \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{5}{c}{Larch (impact zone)} \\ \hline \hline (1) GI = \(-0.39\times\) SD + \(0.50\times\) TJul + \(0.26\times\) & 0.60 ** & 52.7 & 65\% & SD + = 34\%, \\ POCKMay \(-0.05\) & & & & \\ (2) GI = \(-0.33\times\) SD + \(0.29\times\) POCKMay + \(0.53\times\) & 0.54 ** & 56.1 & 59\% & SD + = 34\%, POCKMay * = 6\%, \\ STJul \(-0.06\) & & & & \\ (3) GI = \(-0.45\times\) SD + \(0.51\times\) TJul \(-0.02\) & 0.61 ** & 56.9 & 64\% & SD + = 41\%, TJul ** = 24\%. \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{5}{c}{Larch (LSB zone)} \\ \hline (1) GI = \(0.63\times\) TJul \(-0.07\) & 0.42 ** & 63.6 & 45\% & TJul ** = 45\% \\ (2) GI = \(0.60\times\) STJul \(-0.07\) & 0.39 ** & 65.3 & 41\% & STJul ** = 41\% \\ (3) GI = \(0.57\times\) TJunJul \(-0.07\) & 0.34 * & 67.2 & 37\% & TJunJul ** = 37\% \\ \hline \multicolumn{5}{c}{Spruce (LSB zone)} \\ \hline (1) GI = \(-0.55\times\) SD + \(0.47\times\) TJul \(-0.01\) & 0.68 ** & 52.1 & 71\% & SD ** = 52\%, TJul ** = 19\%. \\ (2) GI = \(-0.54\times\) SD + \(0.28\times\) POCKMay + \(0.37\times\) & 0.61 ** & 54.7 & 66\% & SD + = 53\%, POCKMay * = 5\%. \\ STJul \(-0.02\) & & & & \\ (3) GI = \(0.72\times\) TJunJul + \(0.30\times\) POCKMay - \(0.01\) & 0.47 ** & 55.5 & 52\% & TJunJul ** = 42\%. \\  & & & & \\ \hline \multicolumn{5}{c}{Birch (LSB zone)} \\ \hline (1) GI = \(0.68\times\) STJul + \(0.08\) & 0.54 ** & 55.9 & 56\% & STJul ** = 56\% \\ (2) GI = \(0.76\times\) TJunJul & 0.57 ** & 60.9 & 58\% & TJunJul ** = 58\% \\ (3) GI = \(0.04\times\) TJun \(-0.50\times\) SMJul & 0.49 ** & 67.2 & 53\% & TJun * = 29\%, SMJul * = 23\%. \\ \hline \hline \multicolumn{5}{c}{Alder (impact zone)} \\ \hline (1) GI = \(0.37\times\) TJun + \(0.46\times\) POCKMay + \(0.44\times\) & 0.55 ** & 56.0 & 60\% & TJun * = 21\%, POCKMay ** = 22\%, \\ STJul \(-0.08\) & & & & \\ (2) GI = \(-0.84\times\) TJul + \(0.48\times\) POCKMay + \(1.42\times\) & 0.51 ** & 57.8 & 57\% & TJul * = 19\%, POCKMay * = 17\%, \\ STJul \(-0.11\) & & & & \\ (3) GI = \(0.42\times\) POCKMay + \(0.58\times\) STJul \(-0.09\) & 0.44 ** & 59.4 & 49\% & POCKMay * = 13\%, STJul ** = 36\%. \\ \hline \multicolumn{5}{c}{Willow (impact zone)} \\ \hline (1) GI = \(0.71\times\)TJunJul + \(0.51\times\) POCKMay \(-0.01\) & 0.67 ** & 47.8 & 69\% & TJunJul ** = 46\%, \\ (2) GI = \(0.52\times\) TSep + \(0.37\times\) STJul + \(0.02\) & 0.57 ** & 51.2 & 61\% & TSep * = 50\%, STJul * = 11\%. \\ (3) GI = \(0.41\times\) TJun + \(0.52\times\) POCKMay + \(0.51\times\) & 0.63 ** & 52.4 & 68\% & TJun * = 19\%, POCKMay ** = 32\%, \\ STJul + \(0.02\) & & & & \\ \hline \multicolumn{5}{c}{Larch (reference zone)} \\ \hline (1) GI = \(+0.67\times\)TJul \(-0.09\) & 0.43 ** & 60.9 & 45\% & TJul ** = 45\% \\ (2) GI = \(-0.39\times\)TMay \(-0.59\times\)PJunJul \(-0.08\) & 0.39 * & 63.8 & 44\% & TMay * = 10\%, PJunJul ** = 34\% \\ (3) GI = \(-0.55\times\)PJunJul \(-0.07\) & 0.27 ** & 67.5 & 30\% & PJunJul * = 30\% \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: Dependence of tree and bush species on the eco-climate variables. Abbreviations: LSB–mixed larch-spruce-birch zone; SD—sulfur dioxide emission; TMay, TJul, TJunJul, and TSep—air temperature in May, July, June–July, and September, respectively; STJul—July soil temperature; SMJul—July soil moisture; POCKMay—October–May precipitation. Study period is 1993–2021. *–significant at \(p<0.05\). Figure 8: Comparative growth index dynamics of bushes (willow (**a**) and alder (**b**)) in the impact zone. Solid lines indicate an 11-year moving average. Stars (*) indicate significant trends at \(p<0.05\). Figure 7: The LSB zone (brown dots in Figure 2). Comparative growth index dynamics of spruce and birch trees. Solid lines indicate an 11-year moving average. Stars (*) indicate significant trends at \(p<0.05\).