## 4 Discussion
### Neuromuscular Performance  
In the present study, straight leg raise, vertical jump performance, isometric leg strength, and anaerobic power were measured as indicators of neuromuscular performance. We found that WGE supplementation has no benefit on neuromuscular performance recovery. Ginseng supplementation has long been believed to improve stamina or fatigue recovery, but it is unclear whether the apoptogenic properties can facilitate the performance recovery or not. In particular, the discrepancy among literature to confirm the roles as an ergogenic aid may be limited. While the favoring results have been found mostly in animal studies [15; 16], the literature with human studies are limited. [PERSON] et al. reported that five days of Panax Notoginseng supplementation, before and after downhill running exercise, did not show significant improvement in jump performance [27]. A recent study showed the 14 days of Korean Ginseng supplementation (GINST15, high dose: 960 mg/day, low dose: 160 mg/day) following acute resistance exercise (5 sets of 12 repetitions at 70% one-repetition maximum (1 RMmax)) had no benefit on peak power in healthy adults [39]. However, authors pointed out an important consideration about the responder and non-responder effect in the supplementation research. Although this approach is not a novel concept, [PERSON] et al. reported that the responders among high dose trials showed greater peak power compared to low dose and placebo trials [39]. Relatively long-term treatment (> 8 weeks) also demonstrated no benefits on neuromuscular performance, such as anaerobic peak power and mean power in active women [46]. As opposed to the current study, [PERSON] et al. reported that 30 days of Panax notoginseng (1350 mg/day) supplementation have contributed to improve endurance performance time by >7 min in young adults [24]. Supplementation of ginseng saponin complex mixed with taurine and other substances for 15 days improved free fatty acid utilization during exhaustive cycling tests, which resulted in improving endurance performance by average 2.94 min in male adults [26]. Interestingly, the efficacy of ginseng supplementation has been observed in the particular area of performance, such as endurance performance [24; 25; 26]. A recent study reported12-week administration of high-dose ginseng complex (500 mg/day) improved maximal oxygen consumption, but the efficacy was not found in muscle strength [25]. It has been proposed that ginseng supplementation improves energy utilization [15]. Although it is difficult to explain the outcomes of the animal study directly into human studies, [PERSON] et al. reported that the administration of Panax ginseng extract improves glucose uptake, fatty acid utilization, and lower the lactate concentration that possibly contributed to the improvement of endurance swimming performance [15]. We assumed that if ginseng or active ingredients, such as ginseng, modulate the energy metabolism, such as glucose and free fatty acid utilization during exercise, the improvement of neuromuscular performance that predominantly utilized the energy through ATP-PCr and glycolytic energy system may be limited. In summary, we confirm that the administration of WGE immediately after an eccentric exercise, and the following four days, have no benefit on neuromuscular performance recovery, such as muscle strength and anaerobic power. Further studies may be needed to clarify whether WGE could act as a potential ergogenic aid for endurance performance.