## 3 Results and Discussion  
### Results and Discussion of Experiment 1  
Figures 1-3 present the period index vs. network speed, period index vs. network density, and period index vs. network flow, respectively; in these Figures, the black dots represent the data from simulation 1, the blue circles represent the data from simulation 2, and the red crosses represent the data from simulation 3. Figures 4-6 show the network density vs. network speed, network speed vs. network flow, and network density vs. network flow, respectively. These Figures present the data of each simulation. In addition, green dots represent the modeled pattern with the data of simulation 1, green circles represent the modeled pattern with the data of simulation 2, and green crosses represent the modeled pattern with the data of simulation 3. We obtain \(\mathrm{D_{speed}^{S1S2}}=0.6592\;\mathrm{m/s}\), \(\mathrm{D_{speed}^{S2S3}}=0.7956\;\mathrm{m/s}\), and \(\mathrm{D_{speed}^{S1S3}}=1.4486\;\mathrm{m/s}\), and therefore a sigma difference of 0.5 does not modify the DS pattern, but a sigma difference of 1 modifies the DS pattern. The DS patterns between S1 and S2 are similar, the DS patterns between S2 and S3 are similar, and the DS patterns between S1 (with sigma = 0) and S3 (with sigma = 1) are dissimilar. \(\mathrm{D_{flow}^{S1S2}}=|0.138787-0.134236|=0.00455\;\mathrm{vch/s}\), \(\mathrm{D_{flow}^{S3S3}}=|0.134236-0.119678|=0.014557\;\mathrm{vch/s}\), and \(\mathrm{D_{flow}^{S1S3}}|0.138787-0.119678|=0.019108\;\mathrm{vch/s}\)hence the capacities of S1 and S2 are similar, the capacities of S2 and S3 are dissimilar, and the capacities of S1 and S3 are dissimilar. \(\mathrm{D_{density}^{S1S2}}=|0.018376-0.0202025|=0.001826\) veh/m, \(\mathrm{D_{density}^{S2S3}}=|0.0202025-0.0258002|=0.005597\) veh/m, and \(\mathrm{D_{density}^{S1S3}}|0.018376-0.0258002|=0.007424\) veh/m, hence the critical densities of S1 and S2 are similar, the critical densities of S2 and S3 are dissimilar, and the critical densities of S1 and S3 are dissimilar. The results presented above are summarized in Table 1. According to these results, the precision for driving (sigma) is a variable that can affect the MFD; the MFDs between S2 and S3, and between S1 and S3, are dissimilar. Figure 1: Period index vs. network speed: experiment 1. Figure 2: Period index vs. network density: experiment 1. In Table 2, the mean (AVG) and standard deviation (STD) of the network speed, network density, and network flow for simulations S1, S2, and S3 in experiment 1 are presented across three phases. In Figure 4, it can be observed that as the driving imperfection is set higher (i.e., as its value is increased from simulation 1 to simulation 3), a greater maximum density is reached, which also implies a lower minimum speed. Then, a simulation with a higher sigma value than other presents a lower minimum speed and a higher maximum density. In simulation 1, the maximum observed density is 0.0184 veh/m, in simulation 2, it is 0.024 veh/m, and in simulation 3, it is 0.0388 veh/m. In simulation 1, the minimum observed speed is 7.4179 m/s, in simulation 2, it is 6.0352 m/s, and in simulation 3, it is 3.526 m/s. The  
Figure 4: Network density vs. network speed: experiment 1. Figure 3: Period index vs. network flow: experiment 1.  
network density vs. network speed pattern of S1 is above the DS pattern of S2, and the DS pattern of S2 is above the DS pattern of S3, which indicates that for the density value, higher speed occurred in S1, followed by S2 and then S3. Figure 5: Network speed vs. network flow: experiment 1. Figure 6: Network density vs. network flow: experiment 1. The duration of simulations 1 and 2 was from period 1 to 204, whereas for simulation 3 it took place from period 1 to 258. During the simulations, we generated vehicles during the first 5 h (5 h = 200 periods, since 1 period = 90 s).