## 4 A Case Study of the LW7434
### Relationship between Main Impact Factors and the Seismic Events  
Research indicates that regions exhibiting abnormally high stress, such as those affected by geological and tectonic anomalies, tend to experience numerous seismic events during mining. Consequently, areas with stress anomalies can be preliminarily identified through the distinctive characteristics of these seismic events [26]. In this section, seismic data collected from LW7434 between February 2018 and December 2019 serve as the basis for a statistical analysis of the geological and technical factors significantly influencing rockburst risks. This section aims to identify and determine the principal factors impacting LW7434, thereby providing a foundation for establishing the main control factors in subsequent analyses. Figure 4 illustrates the correlation between variations in coal seam depth and the distribution of seismic events. Seismic events within each mining depth range exhibit varying degrees of clustering. Specifically, within the depths of 790-830 m, 830-870 m, and 870-910 m, there were 80, 165, and 118 seismic events, representing 22%, 45%, and 33% of the total events, respectively. Additionally, areas with mining depths exceeding 830 m demonstrate a significant increase in seismic event accumulation and distribution. Furthermore, the distribution of seismic events is positively correlated with the burial depth of coal seams in specific areas. A comparative analysis of high mining depth areas during the initial and final phases of mining reveals distinct patterns of agglomeration and dispersal, respectively, suggesting that coal seam depth does not exert an absolute influence on dynamic hazards. Figure 5 depicts the correlation between variations in coal seam thickness and seismic event distribution in LW7434. The thickness of the coal seam increases progressively from west to east. In areas where the coal seam thickness exceeds 4.4 m, 243 seismic events were recorded, constituting 67% of the total. However, in zones where the thickness surpasses 4.6 m, only 20 seismic events were observed, indicating a lack of a definitive correlation between coal seam thickness and seismic event distribution. In addition, regions with significant fluctuations in coal seam thickness exhibited concentrated seismic activity, suggesting that the extent of thickness variation significantly affects seismic event distribution. Therefore, while the impact of coal seam thickness on mine pressure is somewhat limited, the correlation between changes in coal seam thickness and seismic event distribution is notably stronger. Figure 6 illustrates the relationship between variations in coal dip and seismic event distribution. The inclination map, presented in Figure 6a, reveals that seismic activity is primarily concentrated in areas with a dip range of 20\({}^{\circ}\) to 25\({}^{\circ}\), where a total of 329 seismic events occurred, comprising 90.6% of the overall event count. Nonetheless, in the initial stages of mining, seismic events are more scattered across regions with steeper dip angles, indicating that the dip angle has a localized correlation with seismic event distribution. Consequently, it is difficult for the dip angle to significantly influence the seismic event distribution across the entire area. Figure 4: Relationship between changes in coal seam depth and seismic distribution in LW7434 mining. The inclination map along the strike direction, as shown in Figure 6b, indicates that the overall strike of LW7434 falls within the range of 3 to 5\({}^{\circ}\). In this region, 142 seismic events occurred in areas with a strike dip exceeding 4\({}^{\circ}\), and 75 events occurred in areas where the dip exceeded 4.5\({}^{\circ}\), constituting 39% and 21% of the total seismic events, respectively. Seismic events are more evenly distributed across the various strike dip ranges, demonstrating a lower correlation between the distribution of strike dips and seismic events.