## 3 Results and Discussion
### Color Assessment  
Chemically, plants are rich in compounds that can be used as coloring agents in the food or cosmetic industries, among an array of other applications [57; 58]. The present study included an assessment of the effect of the concentration of burdock and black radish powders on changes in the color of the cosmetic emulsions formulated with the addition of these ingredients. The results of the assessment are listed in Table 3.  
The addition of plant powders to the cosmetic emulsions was found to induce changes in all measured parameters (Table 3). The highest value of the L* parameter was recorded for the baseline sample HC_0 (71.54). Even at the lowest proposed concentration (c = 0.25 wt%) of the plant powders, a decrease in the measured parameter was noted, and the downward trend for the L* value was maintained with the increasing percentage content of both plant-derived powders. The lowest degree of whiteness was observed in the sample containing 1% of the _Raphanus sativus_ var. _niger_ powder (L* = 56.84). The value was 20% lower compared to an emulsion without any plant powder. Figure 6: Hardness and adhesive force of analyzed hair conditioners. The parameter a* was altered by the incorporation of plant-derived materials into the formulation as well. For the baseline emulsion, a*\({}_{\text{HC\_0}}\) was equal to \(-1.54\). In the hair conditioners containing _Articum lappa_ and the _Raphanus sativus_ var. _niger_ powders, the values of a* ranged from \(-1.52\) to \(-1.39\) and \(-0.48\) to \(0.57\), respectively. Hence, as the percentage content of the powders in the formulation rose, the intensity of the green color in the emulsions decreased and that of the red color increased. The b* value determined for the reference emulsion (HC_0) equaled \(-1.62\). On the other hand, in the cosmetics containing burdock powder and black radish powder, the values of the b* parameter were positive. Notably, however, the higher the concentration of the powder in the formulation, the greater the measured value. The highest value of b* (8.67) was obtained for a cosmetic product containing black radish powder (HC_6). In practical terms, these test results mean that an increase in the concentration of the plant-derived powders contributes to an increase in the intensity of the yellow color of the samples. The tests (Table 3) showed changes in the saturation of the color (\(\Delta\text{C}^{\text{*}}_{\text{HC}}\)) of the formulated hair conditioners. The differences in \(\Delta\text{C}^{\text{*}}\) varied depending on both the type of the plant-based powder used and its concentrations in the formulation. The difference in color saturation in the conditioners containing _Articum lappa_ powder was \(0.63\) in the formulation containing the ingredient at a concentration of \(0.25\) wt% and increased over five times (\(\Delta\text{C}^{\text{*}}_{\text{HC\_3}}\) = \(3.31\)) in the conditioner with added powder at a concentration of \(1\) wt%. A similar change trend was noted for the cosmetics formulated with the addition of the _Raphanus sativus_ var. _niger_ powder, though the intensity of the changes was greater. Color saturation in the samples containing black radish varied from \(1.80\) to as much as \(6.45\). To recapitulate, a rise in the concentration of burdock and black radish powders obtained by low-temperature drying in hair conditioners resulted in a more saturated color compared to the reference sample. [PERSON] et al. (2019, 2020) assessed the effects of adding aqueous-ethanol extracts obtained from six different plants to cosmetic emulsions, including the impact on their color. The authors noted a significant effect of the extracts on the L*, a*, and b* values, and on the values of \(\Delta\text{C}\). The greatest impact on the measured parameters was noted for the _C. terntaea_ L. extract. The application of that extract imparted a blue-purple color on the sample and affected the values of L* = \(68.19\), a* = \(6.23\), and b* = \(18.92\).