## 1 Introduction  
Satellite internet systems, which can offer low-latency, high-bandwidth, seamless global coverage and flexible and convenient internet access services for users worldwide, are a crucial component of the national space information infrastructure and one of the main focal points of current space competition among major powers. In recent years, satellite internet systems have often adopted Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations. LEO satellites make it possible to achieve low latency and high-bandwidth communication. To achieve low latency, the location that processes the protocol is the key point. If the protocol is processed on the ground, a satellite terminal will opt to send a message to another one. First, it will send the message to the satellite that will forward it to the ground station. Then, after the message is processed by the ground station, it will send the message to a satellite that will then forward it to the destination satellite terminal. But, if processing on the satellite, the communication link between two satellite terminals only includes paths from the satellite terminal to the receiving satellite, and from that satellite to the satellite terminal, and hence the latency should be lower. However, processing on the satellite still poses a problem. Because of limitations to the satellite's resources, it is hard to fulfill all of the processing functions on the satellite. However, if there is an architecture that enables distributed deployment of these functions on different, nearby satellites, satellite-borne processing should be possible. Therefore, in this paper, a design for that architecture is proposed to allow distributed deployment of the processing function on different nearby satellites to process the satellite protocol. The protocol processing function is typically handled by a ground station system; on-satellite protocol processing, which primarily uses on-satellite transparent forwarding [1], is relatively constrained in traditional satellite mobile communication systems. In current satellite systems, most of the processing functions have been handled by ground station systems. [PERSON] performed an analysis of the architecture of the MEO satellite system [2], and it showed that almost all of the processing functions were performed by ground station systems. Recently, 3 GPP organizations proposed the NTN network, the processing functions of which are also performed by the ground station system, as described by [PERSON], showing the results of a field trial of a 5G non-terrestrial network [3]. All of these results show that the proposed NTN network experiences long transmission delays and long deployment times, and it is complicated to deploy system functions. So, it is necessary to propose a new architecture to overcome these disadvantages. Recently, a satellite-ground integrated network architecture for 6G was proposed [4]; it deploys the user access functions and lightweight core network functions on the satellite. Additionally, more and more works have focus on processing on the satellite side. [PERSON] proposed a novel architecture for cellular IoT in future non-terrestrial networks that also put the eNB/gNB and MME on an LEO satellite [5]. However, all these works only propose possible architectures and do not mention how to realize them under the limitations of LEO satellite constellations. Hence, with the development of satellite internet, how to migrate the access network functions from a conventional ground station system up to a satellite has been a hot topic for research in the field of satellite communications. As described in Table 1, the architecture proposed in this paper to fix the problem will have better performance in terms of transmission delays and deployment times compared to other architectures.