## 3 Results and Discussion  
### TPC, TFC and Antioxidant/Antiradical Activities  
The TPC, TFC, antioxidant/antiradical activities and extraction yield of the extracts obtained by CE and MAE are summarized in Table 1.  
The extraction yield ranged between 21.14% and 26.10% for CE and MAE extracts, respectively. These results are higher than the ones reported by [PERSON] et al. for the halophyte _Limonium densiflorum_ extracts that were prepared by Soxhlet extraction with hexane (10.33%), dichloromethane (6.66%), methanol (18.00%), and ethanol (11.06%) [32]. The TPC obtained were, respectively, 15.02 and 8.34 mg GAE/g dw for CE and MAE extracts (_p_ < 0.01). These results were in line with [PERSON] et al. that evaluated the antioxidant activity of _S. ramossissima_ with different levels of salinity extracted using 80% of acetone (1:40, \(w/v\)) [2]. According to the authors, the TPC ranged between 6.18 and 12.9 mg GAE/g dw, being the highest value described for the _S. ramossissima_ cultivated in 200 mM of salinity [2]. In another study, [PERSON] et al. reported a TPC of 33.00 mg GAE/g dw for the ethanolic extracts (1:40, \(w/v\)) of _S. ramossissima_, being higher than the one obtained in the present work [4]. However, the authors used ethanol as solvent, which may lead to the \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline
**Extraction Techniques** & **Extraction Yield (\%)** & **TPC (mg GAE/g dw)** & **TFC (mg CAE/g dw)** & **FRAP (\(\upmu\)mol FSE/g dw)** & **ABTS (\(\upmu\)age AAE/g dw)** \\ \hline CE & 21.14 \(\pm\) 1.32 & 15.02 \(\pm\) 2.01 \({}^{\ast}\) & 8.44 \(\pm\) 0.45 & 60.61 \(\pm\) 6.64 & 15.55 \(\pm\) 0.78 \\ MAE & 26.10 \(\pm\) 2.07 & 8.34 \(\pm\) 1.22 & 8.41 \(\pm\) 0.45 & 65.56 \(\pm\) 8.68 & 17.74 \(\pm\) 2.95 \({}^{\ast}\) \\ \hline \end{tabular} \({}^{\ast}\) Indicate significant differences between extracts (_p_ < 0.05).  
\end{table} 
Table 1: Extraction yield, total phenolic and flavonoid contents (TPC and TFC, respectively), and in vitro antioxidant/antiradical activities (evaluated by FRAP, ABTS and DPPH assays) of _S. ramossissima_ extracts prepared by conventional and microwave-assisted extraction (CE and MAE, respectively). Values are expressed as mean \(\pm\) standard deviation (_n_ = 3). extraction of different compounds. Besides, many abiotic/biotic factors may also influence the level of secondary metabolites present in haplotypes [33]. In what concerns TFC, both extracts shown similar values, respectively, 8.44 mg CAE/g dw and and 8.41 mg CAE/g dw, for the CE and the MAE extracts. No significant differences (\(p<0.05\)) between them were observed. [PERSON] et al. also analyzed the TFC of _S. ramossissima_, but the values reported were lower than those reported in Table 1, ranging from 0.15 to 0.50 mg CAE/g dw [2]. However, [PERSON] et al. obtained a highest TFC result (17.50 mg CAE/g dw) for the alcoholic extract [4]. As previously mentioned, these values may be due not only to the solvent employed, but also to the extraction time and temperature used during extraction [34]. The capacity of _S. ramossissima_ extracts to reduce ferric ions were evaluated by FRAP assay and revealed that MAE extract exhibited the highest value (65.56 \(\upmu\)mol FSE/g dw) and the CE extract the lowest (60.61 \(\upmu\)mol FSE/g dw), without significant differences (\(p>0.05\)). [PERSON] et al. analysed the antioxidant activity of _Crithum martiimum_ L. and _S. europaea_ extracts obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) using different concentrations of ethanol [35]. According to the authors, the antioxidant activity of _S. europaea_ UAE extracts, evaluated by the same assay, ranged between 27.4 and 180.2 \(\upmu\)mol FSE/g dw, with the lowest result being described for the extraction with 100% of ethanol and the highest for the extract obtained with 80% of ethanol. For the SFE extracts, [PERSON] et al. obtained lower values (5.22, 10.22 and 10.38 \(\upmu\)mol FSE/g dw, respectively, for the extractions with 10%, 20% and 40% of ethanol).