## 1 Introduction
### Medical Screening and Certification Prior to Space Travel
**Potential AI Applications**  
AI-based models for the identification of causal relationships between various exposures and subsequent cancer development (e.g., CRISP) [84]  
**Medical Screening Preflight and Inflight Monitoring**  
AI monitoring for gut microbiota dysbiosis using smart toilets during pre-, intra-, and post-flight periods [2; 85; 86]  
Screening for latent virus infection or reactivation based on immunological variables, which can then be used as a biomarker for assessment of adaptive immune function [87; 88]  
The Edge TPU and other similar low-power AI ASICs could be used to monitor genomic imprinting (e.g., DNA methylation signatures or epigenetic/transcriptomic-based tests) for inflight lung cancer screening (may be equivalent to low-dose CT chest screening) [63; 89; 90]  
AI screening for mental illness through facial recognition and vocal analysis [68; 69]  
A combination of AI and imaging could potentially identity abnormal or misfolded proteins [91; 92]  
Deep learning algorithms for the inflight telediagnosis of various conditions (e.g., skin lesions or SANS) [93; 94; 95]  
AI-integrated wearable technology for space suits (e.g., exoskeletons) to monitor biodata (e.g., electrocardiogram, blood pressure, sleep cycle, body temperature, etc.) [96; 97]  
AI monitoring of metabolomics-based biomarkers for assessment of sleep quality and circadian rhythm [98]  
AI can be used to analyze retinal fundus photography to identify and monitor space anemia [99]  
**Medical Diagnostic Tools**  
The Edge TPU and other similar low-power AI ASICs (i.e., Google Coral Edge TPU, NVIDIA Jetson Nano, Intel Neural Compute Stick 2) could advance image segmentation AI models, allowing for these models to be feasibly deployed in ultrasound point-of-care settings (e.g., detection of DVT, structural heart disease, hemodynamic changes), even procedural guidance [100]. AI-based system designed to guide non-physicians on the proper acquisition of medical diagnostic testing using The Edge TPU and deep reinforcement learning  
AI-enhanced 3D-imaging technology (e.g., micro-CT scanners) [101]  
Utilization of the Edge TPU and other similar low-power AI ASICs to provide the necessary processing power for high-performance parallel-processing space research [102]  
**Intervention**  
AI-guided minor surgical procedures [such as incision and drainage (I&D)] using next-generation High Performance Spaceflight Computing (HPSC) [103]  
AI-assisted, remotely controlled robotic PCI and robotic laparoscopic surgery (e.g., telechelocystectomy and teleappendectomy); made possible by a reduction in communication latency beyond a lag of 200 ms [103; 104; 105; 106; 107]  
Using AI predictions of drug metabolism and effectiveness based on an individual's multicomic data prior to medication or supplement distribution (e.g., melatonin, immune supplements, probiotics) [108; 109]  
**Disease Prevention**  
AI-integrated space suits (e.g., exoskeletons) to maximize EVA time and operating pressure, and minimize space radiation exposure [110; 111]  
3D printing of personalized devices (e.g., ear plugs to prevent noise source generated from man-made sources), space shields, space suits for use in emergency scenarios [112; 113; 114]  
AI-based chatbots or social media could potentially be used to prevent anxiety and depression during long-duration space travel. The Edge TPU could potentially be used in advancing an internet or social media for the moon, known as LunaNet [115].