# Creation of One- and Two-Dimensional Copper and Zinc Oxides Semiconductor Structures
## 1 Introduction
ZnO is highly transparent in the visible range of the spectrum, making it an ideal material for solar panels and LED applications [20]. Moreover, the planar structures of zinc oxide limited to two dimensions possess higher transparency than 1D materials. Due to its light-emitting properties, ZnO is also used in optoelectronics and photonics, including the creation of LED displays and lasers [21]. It is interesting to note that both oxides under consideration also have piezoelectric properties, meaning that they can generate electrical charge when mechanically deformed [22]. Thus, both 1D and 2D structures of copper and zinc oxides have special properties that determine their potential use in various applications and make them valuable materials for a variety of innovative applications [23; 24; 25]. To develop innovative advanced technologies that meet the growing needs of high-tech sectors, promising laser-thermochemical processes for oxidizing metal surfaces are being actively researched [26]. These developments are important for creating more efficient and sustainable devices; for example, the laser-induced thermochemical recording of micro- and nano-dimensional structures is gaining attention for its applications in photonics, particularly in the production of optical transducers [27; 28; 29]. When a laser beam interacts with a material, the primary processes are related to localized heating, in which the energy of the electromagnetic wave is transferred to the substance. One of the key aspects of the laser-matter interaction is the ability to precisely control the laser beam's parameters, such as the intensity, duration, and wavelength. By manipulating these factors, the interaction can be controlled, achieving desired outcomes [30]. The interaction between laser radiation and metals in the presence of oxygen is a highly significant issue. Ref. [31] highlighted the substantial alteration in the ability of metallic materials to absorb laser radiation based on the thickness of the oxide film and emphasized the importance of considering thermochemical processes occurring on metal surfaces in an oxygen-rich environment. These processes have a profound impact on the heating dynamics, as the formation of the oxide film leads to a significant change in the absorption capacity. Consequently, the temperature-time relationships exhibit noticeable non-linear characteristics. Understanding the behavior of laser radiation when it interacts with metals in an oxidizing environment is crucial for various applications, in which the presence of an oxide film on the metal surface can significantly affect the absorption of laser energy, altering the heating process [32]. Laser thermochemistry investigates chemical processes influenced by the thermal effect of the laser beam, occurring under conditions close to thermodynamic equilibrium. The peculiarities of thermal processes in chemically active media when exposed to a laser beam are studied [33]. The laser beam's high spatial coherence allows precise focusing, enabling chemical reactions to occur with excellent spatial resolution in specific areas [34]. The nonisothermal nature of the process of metal oxidation opens up opportunities for the effective control of the chemical processes, and laser irradiation serves as a valuable tool in achieving this objective. To effectively control the laser-matter interaction, it is essential to create a specific intensity spatial profile in the target region of the material. This can be achieved by employing beam parameter transformation systems that have the ability to create the necessary temperature exposure [35]. The effect of laser irradiation of non-transparent materials depends mainly on the ability of the optical system to distribute energy over their surface with a given intensity. The significant interest shown by researchers in this field is evident from the diverse range of optical systems currently in use and being developed [36].