## 4 Results
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Subset** & \(n\) & \(n_{\text{Pass}}\) & \(n_{\text{Fail}}\) & \% Pass & \% Fail & **Imbalance** \\ \hline All & 2372 & 1191 & 1181 & 50.21\% & 49.79\% & No \\
6-year programmes & 1726 & 893 & 833 & 51.74\% & 48.26\% & No \\
4-year programmes & 646 & 298 & 348 & 46.13\% & 53.87\% & No \\ Electricity & 372 & 149 & 223 & 40.05\% & 59.95\% & Yes \\ Geography & 172 & 67 & 105 & 38.95\% & 61.05\% & Yes \\ Industry & 444 & 267 & 177 & 60.14\% & 39.86\% & Yes \\ Informatics & 248 & 163 & 85 & 65.73\% & 34.27\% & Yes \\ Mechanics & 330 & 190 & 140 & 57.58\% & 42.42\% & Yes \\ Metallurgy & 126 & 56 & 70 & 44.44\% & 55.56\% & No \\ Mining & 260 & 103 & 157 & 39.62\% & 60.38\% & Yes \\ Civil & 180 & 71 & 109 & 39.44\% & 60.56\% & Yes \\ Chemistry & 240 & 125 & 115 & 52.08\% & 47.92\% & No \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 4: Observed per-class frequencies and proportions for each student subsample. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Variable** & **Type** & **Description** \\ \hline P\_TYPE & Dichotomous & Indicates the programme duration. \\ DPT & Categorical & Indicates which department manages the programme. \\ PSU\_SCI & Integer & Score in Science admission test. \\ PSU\_LAN & Integer & Score in Language admission test. \\ PSU\_MAT & Integer & Score in Maths admission test. \\ PSU\_GPA & Integer & Normalised high-school grade point average. \\ PSU\_AVG & Integer & Weighted average admission score. \\ CAL & Real & Final grade after taking Calculus I \\  & for the first time \([1.0,7.0]\). \\ PHY & Real & Final grade after taking Physics I \\  & for the first time \([1.0,7.0]\). \\ ALG & Real & Final grade after taking Algebra I \\  & for the first time \([1.0,7.0]\). \\ MET & Real & Final grade after taking Study Methods \\  & for the first time \([1.0,7.0]\). \\ INT & Real & Final grade after taking Introduction to \\  & Engineering for the first time \([1.0,7.0]\). \\ GPA & Real & Grade point average after the first semester \([1.0,7.0]\). \\ CLASS & Dichotomous & Indicates if a student passed the theory component of FCYP. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Subset** & \(n\) & \(n_{\text{Pass}}\) & \(n_{\text{Fail}}\) & \% Pass & \% Fail & **Imbalance** \\ \hline All & 2372 & 1191 & 1181 & 50.21\% & 49.79\% & No \\
6-year programmes & 1726 & 893 & 833 & 51.74\% & 48.26\% & No \\
4-year programmes & 646 & 298 & 348 & 46.13\% & 53.87\% & No \\ Electricity & 372 & 149 & 223 & 40.05\% & 59.95\% & Yes \\ Geography & 172 & 67 & 105 & 38.95\% & 61.05\% & Yes \\ Industry & 444 & 267 & 177 & 60.14\% & 39.86\% & Yes \\ Informatics & 248 & 163 & 85 & 65.73\% & 34.27\% & Yes \\ Mechanics & 330 & 190 & 140 & 57.58\% & 42.42\% & Yes \\ Metallurgy & 126 & 56 & 70 & 44.44\% & 55.56\% & No \\ Mining & 260 & 103 & 157 & 39.62\% & 60.38\% & Yes \\ Civil & 180 & 71 & 109 & 39.44\% & 60.56\% & Yes \\ Chemistry & 240 & 125 & 115 & 52.08\% & 47.92\% & No \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Variables in the processed data set. Figure 2: Confusion matrices for classifiers built using all the observations. Values have been calculated considering the 10 repeats of the tuning process. Matrices have been normalised by row. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l} \hline \hline
**Subset** & **Selected Features** \\ \hline All & GPA, PSU\_LAN \\
6-year programmes & PSU\_LAN, INT, ALG, GPA, PSU\_MAT, CAL, PHY, PSU\_SCI \\  & GPA, PHY, PSU\_MAT, ALG, PSU\_SCI, CAL, MET, \\  & PSU\_AVG, PSU\_GPA \\ Electricity & GPA, CAL \\ Geography & CAL \\ Industry & GPA, CAL, PSU\_SCI, PSU\_LAN, PHY \\ Informatics & PSU\_LAN, GPA, INT \\ Mechanics & GPA, PSU\_MAT, PSU\_AVG, CAL \\ Metallurgy & PHY, GPA, PSU\_LAN, CAL \\ Mining & GPA \\ Civil & GPA, ALG, PHY, CAL, INT \\ Chemistry & GPA, CAL, PSU\_AVG, PHY, PSU\_GPA, INT, ALG, \\  & PSU\_SCI, PSU\_LAN \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 5: Feature selection for each student subset.