## 5 Conclusions  
This research presents a contemporary and comprehensive approach to fire risk assessment at a building-block level, addressing the urgent need to combat extreme forest fire events threatening human life, the environment, and infrastructure, especially in urban and peri-urban areas. The presented fire risk assessment in the Attica Region of Greece provides an operational support tool for efficient pre- and during-fire event management, guiding stakeholders in immediate response efforts.  
The methodology incorporates innovative techniques, including modeling, remote sensing (RS), geographic information systems (GIS), artificial intelligence, and machine learning (AI/ML). By integrating diverse spatial layers such as fire hazard, vulnerability, and exposure, this study offers valuable insights into the spatial distribution of fire risk in high-risk areas like Kaki Thalassa settlement.  
The use of very-high-resolution data, meteorological inputs, and the parameterized FlamMap model enables a detailed analysis of fire spread patterns under various wind scenarios. The resulting worst-case fire hazard map becomes a critical tool for fire management and emergency planning, identifying high-risk areas and supporting proactive strategies to mitigate worst-case fire scenarios, enhancing community resilience and preparedness.  
Despite data limitations, this study optimizes vulnerability and exposure assessment by combining national cadaver data, high-resolution RS data, and AI/ML modeling. The incorporation of field campaigns fine-tunes and validates the methodology, generating targeted management plans and pre-event suggestions.  
This study's comprehensive and integrated approach surpasses existing fire management plans and guidelines in Greece, offering a building-block-level analysis. While facing challenges, such as data limitations and modeling constraints, this study's cautious approach, including educated overestimations for population safety, ensures a practical assessment.  
In conclusion, this research provides valuable guidance for policy-makers, firefighting departments, and traffic police, enabling focused fire risk reduction measures and evacuation plans for high-risk areas. The methodology sets a commendable standard for future research, continually refining and expanding fire risk assessment methodologies to adapt to evolving challenges and advancements in the field.  
Conceptualization, A.Y., N.S. and C.K.; methodology, A.Y., S.G. and C.K.; software, S.G., A.Y., M.-C.T., M.K. and M.Z.; validation, N.S., A.Y., S.G. and C.K.; writing--original draft preparation, A.Y., M.Z., M.K. and N.S.; writing--review and editing, C.K. and D.H.; visualization, M.K., M.-C.T., M.Z. and A.Y.; supervision, C.K.; project administration, N.S. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
This research work was developed under the project \"Seismic, Fire & Flood Risk Assessment in Attica Region, Greece\", funded by the Region of Attica (Programme Agreement, March 2021).  
Not applicable.  
Data Availability Statement: Data and information produced as part of this project constitute intellectual property of Attica Region, Greece. Formal permission is required for data acquisition and reuse.  
This study has been developed under the umbrella of the national research project \"Seismic, Fire Flood Risk Assessment in Attica Region, Greece\", led and coordinated by the Operational Unit \"BEYOND Centre of Earth Observation Research and Satellite Remote Sensing\" of the Institute for Astronomy, Astrophysics, Space Applications and Remote Sensing, National Observatory of Athens.  
The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.