## 3 Results
### Analysis of AI and Smart Technology Applications Across Industry Sectors
#### 3.2.1 Integration of AI and Smart Technologies in Safety Management for the Construction Sector
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l l} \hline \hline
**Safety Management Factor** & **AI and Smart Technology Research Methods** & **Research Numbers** \\ \hline
**Digital Technology and** & - Developed safety apps using smartphones and EPS32 with Bluetooth and beacons. & [11, 12, 18, 21] \\
**Smart Safety Management** & - Utilized web technologies (CSS, HTML, JavaScript) for hybrid applications. & [11, 12, 18, 21] \\
**System (SMS)** & - Implemented BLE Beacon-based detection and noise filtering algorithms. & \\  & - Integrated Arduino and multiple sensors for smart systems. & \\  & - Created IoT helmets with sensors, CCTV, and GPS. & \\  & - Digitalized safety management through detailed BIM models. & \\  & - Combined AI models with machine vision for hazard detection. & \\  & - Established real-time monitoring using video and image data. & \\ \hline
**Accident Prevention** & - Developed AI-based hazard detection systems. & [11, 13, 17, 24] \\
**and Response** & - Created real-time emergency detection using AI and sensors. & \\  & - Analyzed construction equipment accident data for prevention. & \\  & - Utilized drones for continuous safety monitoring at construction sites. & \\ \hline
**Complexity and High-risk** & - Conducted case studies on safety in tunnels and high-risk areas. & [14, 19, 20, 24] \\
**Working Environment** & - Performed field experiments to validate smart construction systems. & \\  & - Applied AI-based data analysis for safety management in complex environments. & \\ \hline
**Data-driven Safety** & - Developed data-driven safety algorithms and evaluated their reliability. & [14, 16, 22, 25] \\
**Management** & - Established real-time monitoring systems with video and image data. & \\  & - Conducted simulations using power grid and load data to test safety strategies. & \\ \hline
**IoT and AI-based Safety** & - Created IoT-based safety devices (fire detection, location monitoring, etc.). & [16, 17, 22] \\
**Management** & - Implemented BLE Beacon for real-time worker tracking. & \\  & - Integrated machine vision with AI for enhanced hazard detection. & \\  & - Developed IoT helmets with integrated sensors, CCTV, and GPS. & \\ \hline
**BIM and AI Integration** & - Combined BIM models with AI algorithms for safety management. & [16, 23] \\  & - Implemented VR-based safety training using BIM-VR protocols. & \\  & - Conducted literature reviews and expert interviews on BIM and AI integration. & \\  & - Proposed an integrated safety management framework based on BIM and AI. & \\ \hline
**Tunnel and Complex** & - Developed integrated safety systems with Bluetooth scanners and & [19, 20] \\
**Environment Safety** & environmental sensors. & \\
**Management** & - Tested and validated systems in actual tunnel construction sites. & \\  & - Applied AI-driven data analysis for tunnel safety management. & \\  & - Conducted case studies on safety practices in tunnels. & \\ \hline
**QR Code-based Safety** & - Developed AI-based QR code recognition systems. & [15] \\
**Inspection** & - Created smartphone applications for QR code safety inspections and management. & \\ \hline
**Elderly Worker Accident** & - Used AI to analyze data and develop accident prevention measures for & [75] \\
**Prevention** & elderly workers. & \\  & - Conducted interviews and surveys to gather expert insights on safety management & \\  & for elderly workers. & \\ \hline
**Smart Emergency** & - Developed real-time emergency detection systems using AI and sensors. & [73] \\
**Detection System** & - Applied and validated emergency detection systems in construction sites. & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 2: AI and smart technology research methods for safety management factors in the construction sector. Moreover, the implementation of frameworks like PIPSC/CMF integrates indoor GIS with Bluetooth and RFID-based positioning technologies to support comprehensive fire detection systems and command platforms.