# Clutch Pressure Plate Temperature Prediction Based on Bi-LSTM and Migration Learning
## 3 Pressure Plate Temperature Prediction  
### Fuda Clutch Pressure Plate Temperature Prediction  
The new Fuda model is used to predict the clutch pressure plate temperature. Initially, the model was trained and tested using temperature data recorded between the 840-870 s. Subsequently, predictions from the model were verified and analyzed against experimental data. The predicted values were then used as input parameters for temperature prediction in the 870-900 s range, and this prediction was also validated through experimentation. This iterative process was repeated for temperature prediction in the 900-930 s range. Finally, the experimental and predicted data were organized, and their index parameters were calculated, as presented in Table 5. The temperature profiles at three different positions of the platen for the duration of 840-930 s are illustrated in Figure 9.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c} \hline \hline _MSE_ & _RMSE_ & _MAE_ & _R_\({}^{2}\) & _Maximum Error_ &
\begin{tabular}{c} **Maximum** \\ **Relative Error** \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline
11.4712 & 3.3869 & 2.4823 & 0.9983 & 17.87 & 5.63\% \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 4: Migration model indicators (\({}^{\circ}\)C).  
Figure 8: Validation image of the Valeo pressure plate ((**a**–**c**) are the three positions of the plate).  
According to Table 5 and Figure 9, the model predicts an \(R^{2}\) of approximately 0.90 over three cycles. The maximum error of 840-870 s is is 8.4339 \({}^{\circ}\)C, the maximum error of 870-900 s is 7.3884 \({}^{\circ}\)C, and the maximum error of 900-930 s is 9.5811 \({}^{\circ}\)C. Overall, in the predicted 840-930 s, the maximum error of the three positions of the pressure plate is within 10 \({}^{\circ}\)C, which proves that the prediction method has a certain effectiveness.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c c c} \hline \hline
**Time (s)** & **MSE** & **RMSE** & **MAE** & **\(R^{2}\)** & **Maximum Error** & **Maximum Relative Error** \\ \hline
840–870 & 6.2002 & 2.4900 & 1.9380 & 0.9000 & 8.4339 & 3.17\% \\
870–900 & 7.7276 & 2.7799 & 1.9671 & 0.8930 & 7.3884 & 2.78\% \\
900–930 & 7.3142 & 2.7045 & 1.8340 & 0.9086 & 9.5811 & 3.48\% \\ Average & 7.0807 & 2.6581 & 1.9130 & 0.9005 & 8.4678 & 3.14\% \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 5: The total prediction index of Fuda clutch pressure plate.  
Figure 9: Comparison of experimental values and predicted values at different time points of Fuda pressure plate: (**A**) 840–870 s; (**B**) 870–900 s; (**C**) 900–930 s.  
Table 6 presents the specific index parameters of the platen at three different positions during various cycles (where one cycle lasts for 30 s). This section may be divided into subheadings. It should provide a concise and precise description of the experimental results, their interpretation, and the experimental conclusions that can be drawn.  
Table 6 presents platen position a has a slightly lower prediction effect than the remaining two positions and has the largest Root Mean Squared Errors for 840-870 s, which are 7.55 \({}^{\circ}\)C, 3.88 \({}^{\circ}\)C, and 6.96 \({}^{\circ}\)C. However, platen position b has the largest error with a parameter of 9.58 \({}^{\circ}\)C, which is higher than that of platen positions b and c. The best effect is found in platen position c, which has the errors all within 5 \({}^{\circ}\)C, and it has _MSE_, _RMSE_, and _MAE_ all below 1, and \(R^{2}\) is also close to 1.