## 5 Medicinal Plants and Obesity
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c} \hline \hline
**Plant** & **Plant Family** & **Key Point** & **References** \\ \hline _Acosimum dasycarpum_ (Vog.) & & It is a Brazilian medicinal plant known as & \\ Yakovlev & Fabaceae & “Unha D/anta”, especially found in the & [133] \\ (Unha D\({}^{\prime}\)/anta) & & Cerrado (Brazilian Savanna) area. & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\begin{tabular}{c c} _Ascomium dasycarpum_ promoted \\ metabolic syndrome; its root bark clearly \\ ameliorates triglycerides; it has beneficial \\ impacts on adiposity and \\ weight reduction. \\ \end{tabular} [133]  
\begin{tabular}{c c} _Allium cpa_ [PERSON]. & & \\ (Onion) & Amaryllidaceae & \\  & & \\  & & \\  & & \\  & & \\ \hline _Aloe barbadensis_ [PERSON] & & _Aloe vera_ gel application regulated & [135] \\ (Aloe vera) & Asphodelaceae & adipose tissue accumulation in obese rats. & [135] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\begin{tabular}{c c} _Aloe vera_ gel regulated the dyslipidemia \\ as well as oxidative stress in obese rats. \\ \end{tabular} [135]  
\begin{tabular}{c c} _Amorphophilus konjac_ [PERSON]. [PERSON] \\ (Konjac) & Araceae & It has positive impacts on prevention and \\ treatment of obesity because of its \\ components konjak and glucomanan. \\ \end{tabular} [136]  
\begin{tabular}{c c} _Artemisia sphaerocephala_ & \\ Krasch (Artemisia) & Asteraceae & Its polysaccharide fractions \\ prevent obesity. & [137; 138] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} \
\begin{tabular}{c c} _Betula uttilis_ & \\ (Himalayan birch) & Betulaceae &
\begin{tabular}{c} _Betula uttilis_ bark is rich in pentacyclic \\ triterpenoids thus it can be considered for \\ management of overweight and \\ associated comorbidities. \\ \end{tabular} [139]  
\begin{tabular}{c c} _Buleuri Radix_ & \\ (Chaihu) & Apiaceae &
\begin{tabular}{c} _Bupleuri Radix_ extract (BupE) increased \\ HFD-induced lipid disorders through \\ FGF21 signaling pathway. \\ \end{tabular} [140]  
\begin{tabular}{c c} _Buleuri Radix_ & \\ (Chaihu) & Apiaceae &
\begin{tabular}{c} _Bupleuri Radix_ extract (BupE) increased \\ HFD-induced lipid disorders through \\ FGF21 signaling pathway. \\ \end{tabular} [140]  
\begin{tabular}{c c} _Buleuri Radix_ & \\ (Chaihu) & Apocynaceae & \begin{tabular}{c} _BupE reversed obesity-related changes in \\ structure and function of gut \\ microbial communities. \\ \end{tabular} [140] \\ \hline \hline \begin{tabular}{c c} _Butea monosperma_ & \\ (Sacred Tree) & Fabaceae & Its flower extract can normalize the \\ weight gain parameters. \\ \end{tabular} & [141] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} \begin{tabular}{c c} _Caralluna fimbriata_ & Apocynaceae & Application with C. _fimbriata_ extract \\ (Unha D\({}^{\prime}\)/anta) & Apocynaceae & while controlling overall dietary intake \\  & & and physical activity may be useful in \\ curbing central obesity, and the key \\ component of metabolic syndrome. \\ \hline \hline \begin{tabular}{c c} _Corchorus olivativis_ L. \\ (Nalta jute) \\ \end{tabular} & Malvacae & \begin{tabular}{c} Molokhia leaf extract ameliorated guy \\ dysbiosis and high-fat \\ diet-induced obesity. \\ \end{tabular} & [143] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} \begin{tabular}{c c} _Cuminum cyninum_ L. & & It contains essential fatty acids, \\ flavonoids, volatile oils, etc., and may \\ have influence on weight and other \\ anthropometric indices in obese and \\ overweight people. \\ \end{tabular} & [144] \\ \hline \hline \
\begin{tabular}{c c} _Carun carvi_ L. \\ (Caraway) \\ \end{tabular} & Apiaceae &
\begin{tabular}{c} Cumin promoted anthropometric and \\ metabolic indices in overweight and type \\ 2 diabetic subjects. \\ \end{tabular} & [145; 146] \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Anti-obesity potential of some medicinal plants and fruits.