# Remanufacturing Shoemaking Machine: Feasibility Study Using AHP and DEMATEL Approach
## 5 Conclusions  
The study investigates the feasibility and prioritization of remanufacturing strategies for shoemaking machines considering resource constraints faced by OEMs. The AHP and ANP with sensitivity analysis are employed to identify the most promising remanufacturing options and the key criteria for developing successful strategies. Additionally, DEMATEL analysis provides insights into the causal relationships between these criteria. The findings reveal that sole-making equipment presents the most favorable opportunity for remanufacturing within the shoemaking machinery sector, followed by surface production and forming equipment. This prioritization aligns with the potential economic benefits of extending the lifespan of complex, specialized machines used in sole production. Furthermore, the study highlights the paramount importance of appropriate product design for developing effective remanufacturing strategies. Easy disassembly and the use of high modular components emerge as crucial design considerations. A complete recycling system also plays a significant role, fostering a more sustainable approach. The results can be tailored to the most critical criteria identified in the AHP/ANP analysis and include: (1) Auditing production processes: It is recommended to conduct audits to assess the current production processes for opportunities to integrate DfR (Design for Remanufacturing) principles. This could involve evaluating factors like material selection, component modularity, and ease of disassembly; (2) Modular design integration: This might include recommendations for standardized component interfaces, readily available remanufactured parts, and clear disassembly instructions which should integrate modular design principles into new machinery development; (3) Sustainable design training: It is important to train engineers in sustainable design practices. This could involve incorporating DfR principles into engineering curricula, conducting workshops on remanufacturing feasibility assessments, and promoting collaboration between design and remanufacturing teams. Interestingly, DEMATEL analysis positions both \"appropriate product design\" and \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{12.3 pt} p{12.3 pt} p{12.3 pt} p{12.3 pt} p{12.3 pt}} \hline \hline  & & & **Playing to Strengths** & **Mitigating Weaknesses** \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Embrace opportunities} & Opportunities (external) & & Strengths/Opportunities & \\  & Government support for resource efficiency and circular economy. & & Leveraging India’s skilled workforce to develop a robust remanufacturing manufacturering infrastructure. & \multirow{4}{*}{Weaknesses/Opportunities} \\  & & Rising environmental awareness among consumers. & & & \\  & Advancements in automation that could improve remanufacturing efficiency. & & & & \\ \hline \multirow{8}{*}{Deal with threats} & Threats (external) & & & & \\  & & & & & \\  & & & & & \\  & & & & & \\  & & & & & \\  & & & & & \\  & & & & & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 13: _Cont._\"complete recycling system\" as causal variables, emphasizing their foundational role in influencing a good business model and positive corporate image. One limitation of this study is that it does not explicitly address the potential knowledge gap between OEMs and third-party remanufacturers. OEMs possess a deeper understanding of the original design and functionalities of their machines. Conversely, third-party remanufacturers may need to rely on reverse engineering to gain this knowledge, potentially impacting the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of the remanufacturing process. Future research could explore strategies to bridge this knowledge gap, such as developing standardized information exchange protocols or collaboration models between OEMs and remanufacturers.