## 4 Discussion  
Treating the two soils with salt/brine solutions resulted in reduced particle resuspension, as shown by extremely low PM\({}_{10}\) fluxes (equivalent to background levels) and high resuspension suppression efficiencies (>94%). The impact of the brine solutions was directly related to the salt treatment rather than the wetting of the soils since similar particle resuspension fluxes were obtained from untreated soils or soils sprayed with tap water only. Brine solutions are, therefore, effective stabilizers, leading to reduced resuspension of soil particles. These results are consistent with previous work performed by [PERSON] et al. [3], which tested the impact of diverse dust control products of synthetic and organic polymers (Lignin, Resin, Bitumen, PVA, Brine) on unpaved roads. The authors showed that some products significantly reduced dust emission from quarry roads, especially when using magnesium chloride (Brine). All three salt\(\backslash\)brine solutions tested in this study function primarily by helping cement small particles into larger ones that are more difficult to resuspend [2]. Their capability to enhance the cohesion of smaller particles is expected to vary with the composition of the salt solution, as well as the specific particles involved. Aiding in this cohesion is the fact that salts such as CaCl\({}_{2}\) and MgCl\({}_{2}\) are hygroscopic, so when they dry out after being applied (usually by spraying an aqueous solution), some water may be present, which helps enhance cohesion [2]. The effectiveness of the stabilizers is expected to occur immediately after the applied solutions dry, which in desert climates is expected to not take long, as shown in this work. While all salt solutions have operational relevance, the most effective stabilizer was the Dead Sea salt solution, yielding 100% resuspension suppression efficiency of PM\({}_{10}\) and saltating particles over all wind velocities tested. The motivation to test the Dead Sea salt solution as a stabilizer was it being an easily available, natural resource of salts. Saltwater from the Dead Sea can be derived directly from the sea or procured locally. MgCl\({}_{2}\) and CaCl\({}_{2}\) were also highly effective but slightly less effective than the Dead Sea salt in limiting PM\({}_{10}\) resuspension from the Ze'elim soil (>97%). CaCl\({}_{2}\) was also slightly less effective in limiting the resuspension of saltating particles from the Yamin plateau (>94%). The Dead Sea solution is expected to contain other substances, such as specific ions and humic substances that help retain hydration, which may enhance the cohesion of small particles. Significantly lower resuspension levels were observed from the Yamin soil when compared with the Ze'elim soil (>10-fold difference), indicated by lower PM\({}_{10}\) concentrations recorded under identical conditions (Figures 6 and 9). This may result from differences in the cohesiveness of the soil particles between the two soil types, rather than the content of the PM\({}_{10}\) in the soil (Table 5), which is significantly higher in the Yamin than the Ze'elim soil (28 wt% and 7 wt%, respectively). It demonstrates the role of sand transport in dust-PM\({}_{10}\) emission from sandy soils [14]. Resuspension fluxes of saltating particles from the two soils were >10-fold lower than dust particles, demonstrating that PM\({}_{10}\) are the major resuspension contributors  
Figure 9: Wind-driven PM\({}_{10}\) emissions from the Yamin soil six weeks following treatment with stabilizers. under natural conditions. This result confirms that dust emission is expected to cause the major spread of the contamination in the case of an emergency event in the Negev desert, highlighting the importance of limiting resuspension of contaminated dust.