## 1 Introduction  
Flooding is a well-known, ongoing, serious problem worldwide, especially in countries such as Russia, Malaysia, Nigeria, China, UK, Nepal, USA, Thailand, and Ecuador. Several major floods have been experienced within the last decade [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]. Flooding is typically categorized into two types: heavy rains (monson) floods and flash flooding [9]. Floods are a natural hazard that seriously threatens sustainable development, and they also cause environmental damage [10]. It is also well known that floods usually destroy people's houses and property, cause displacements and loss of life, pose health risks, and adversely affect people's livelihoods, thereby accentuating poverty. With the advent of climate change, floods have been projected to increase in frequency and intensity in many parts of the world [11, 12]. About 350 million people worldwide are affected by floods, and it has been forecasted that flood devastation will double by the end of 2050 [13]. From 1996 to 2015, around 150,061 flood events occurred globally and were responsible for 11.1% of global disaster fatalities, based on the information from the United Nations Office for Disaster RiskReduction (UNISDR) [14,15]. Researchers and scientists have found that the main causes of floods tend to be both natural and anthropogenic, including climate change, deforestation, increasing population, environmental degradation, and intensified land use. Thus, the effect of flooding restricts the sustainable development of economies and societies [7]. There is anticipation of frequent extreme flooding every year in some parts of the globe due to heavy monsoon rainfall [5, 6, 7, 10, 16]. The stationary assumption has been challenged in recent years due to increased extreme weather, potentially leading to underestimating flood quantiles and an increased risk of structural failures [6]. [PERSON] concentrates on flood frequency mitigation, while many current studies concentrate on the recovery stage of the flood because flooding destroys infrastructures [5, 6, 7, 10]. Therefore, come studies concentrate on the recovery framework, which involves building a permanent settlement by producing a building system in which the structures can be built quickly and must be robust and cheap [17,18]. There are many proposed solutions, which include: containers, modular blocks, and industrialized building system (IBS) frame structures that are readily available in the local market. IBSs have been acknowledged as one of the best solutions with some shortcomings. The performance of IBSs has not been fully investigated, especially the performance and the behavior at the joint [19]. Since floods with debris move at high speed, the sudden impact imposed by a flood with debris onto the sidewall of a permanent settlement may cause failure, especially at the joint. IBSs have been proposed as one of the best solutions for building a permanent settlement in flood-prone zones experiencing extreme flood disasters. IBS can offer speedy site assembly with high-quality construction; this makes it the best candidate for rebuilding post-disaster permanent settlements [15, 20]. Moreover, IBSs are very strong for sustaining vertical loads, but most of them were not designed to sustain horizontal sudden impact loads, especially at the joint [18, 21, 22, 23]. Since some of the existing IBSs were not designed to sustain the horizontal impact of floods with debris, the construction of newly built permanent settlements could be destroyed by floods in the next cycle. Hence, the cost of flood disaster recovery will increase in the long term. However, studies on the behavior and performance of IBSs subjected to horizontal impact are lacking. Furthermore, the joint of an IBS is likely to be more vulnerable to failure when subjected to horizontal load. [PERSON] [24], [PERSON] [25], and [PERSON] [26] proposed an effective steel frame system and evaluated the structural performance of its beam-column connection through experimental and analytical work.