## 5 Discussion  
In this section, the development of CDR in the Lembang Fault area is discussed. The themes of the discussion are the low level of participation and capacity on DRM, as well as the importance of government intervention on developing CDR that leads to the need of a sound land management strategy and land administration system. Furthermore, the discussion on the CDR development strategy based on demographic data and the importance of an organized community, as well as the strategy to allow the community to bounce back from the disaster, are also given in this section. Additionally, an issue on data management for supporting the development of CDR is also discussed in this section. The level of people's participation and capacity on DRM acts as the core of CDR development, especially in the Lembang Fault area. Subcategories and sub-subcategories of social domain are mainly utilized to assess the resilience of the community in the event of a disaster [34]. While community's demographic profile, risk knowledge, and social capital provides information concerning characteristics of the community acts as the basis on DRM strategy development [37], it is people's participation and capacity on DRM that determine the ability of the community to utilize their characteristics to develop resilience to disaster [1,13]. Unfortunately, the levels of people's participation and capacity on DRM in the Lembang Fault area were noticeably low. The low level of people's participation and capacity on DRM may be caused by several factors, namely the low level of training and education, linking of social capital, and past disaster experience. Additionally, the form of indigenous knowledge may also contribute to such circumstances. The argument on the low coverage of training and education from governments, universities, and NGOs in the Lembang Fault area was developed based on the response of the respondents who were expecting to be involved in such drills. As explained by [PERSON] and colleagues [1], training and education are important factors to develop local knowledge and capacity, as well as to respond to an emergency. Moreover, based on the Japanese experience, the responsiveness of the community was a result of local disaster drills. As described in Section 4.2.2, the local drills were attended by residents with various characteristics and backgrounds, while in Lembang Fault, education was only provided to the community leaders, few heads of families, and few primary school children. During the drills, the existing hazards and the evacuation plan, including the division of tasks among citizens, were explained, followed by the simulation of the evacuation. Most importantly, the drills should be included within a routine education curriculum [1,8], which did not exist in the Lembang Fault area. On the other hand, there was evidence that the capacity of universities and NGOs to provide training and education on DRM was limited. The low level of linking of social capital may also limit people's participation and capacity on DRM in the Lembang Fault area. The linking of the social capital sub-subcategory defines the ability of the community to connect itself to a higher ranked institution to acquire support concerning DRM [1,34]. This may explain the cause of the lack of training and education on DRM in the Lembang Fault area as the community cannot advocate and connect itself to the government, universities, and NGOs to acquire their support. Therefore, the low level of linking of social capital may be an indirect cause of the low level of people's capacity on DRM. Furthermore, the inability of the community to perform self-advocacy may directly be linked to a low level of participation [1]. In the Lembang Fault area, the correlation between past disaster experience and the level of participation and capacity on DRM is high. Past small-scale disaster experience may only lead to the assumption that people may be able to cope with any future event and it is not necessary to be prepared [36].