## 3 Results
### In-Home/School
#### 3.1.2 Case Study 2: \"The Cham Culture AR App\"  
The Cham Culture AR app (demo video available at [[https://youtu.be/5](https://youtu.be/5) iuNeLzh8]([https://youtu.be/5](https://youtu.be/5) iuNeLzh8) OA (last accessed on 1 July 2025)) was created as a proof of concept to showcase how smartphone AR can showcase ancient Cham cultural dance and artifacts, animating scenes from a Cham temple relief displayed in the Cham Museum, Da Nang, Vietnam. The app includes accurate music, dances, clothing, and coloring [64]. The Cham people, a Southeast-Asian ethnic minority, saw a decline in the 14 th century, leading to cultural erosion. The app uses QR codes to trigger animations on smartphones, preserving Cham traditions for young audiences. M\(\breve{\text{y}}\) Son, a famous Cham site, became a UNESCO world heritage site in 1999.  
User Interactions  
The AR app is driven by QR codes on small paper cards which trigger animations visible on the device's screen when aimed at the QR code. Users can move the QR code cards around to manipulate the scene. The animations include audio tracks with authentic music. An 11 th century sandstone relief found at My Son inspired the initial development, depicting musicians and dancers still used by the Cham during rituals and festivals. This AR app helps preserve and share Cham cultural heritage by making it accessible to a young audience through smartphones. [PERSON] [65]'s seven Universal Design (UD) principles for mobile AR interfaces (see Table 4) were used for the evaluation and an Acceptance and Opinion survey was conducted, using a tailored version of the international SUS. Persona descriptions were created to inform the choices for the best UXUI design solutions.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{l l} \hline \hline
**Interview Question** & **Interview Answer** \\ \hline What colors do you like the most for museum application? & Green, Pink, Orange, Blue \\ \hline Do you like to travel to the past and see traditional ceremonies movies? & Yes, No \\ \hline Do you like to be a king/queen or a soldier while you can dress up & King/queen, Soldiers \\ their customs and play their role? & \\ \hline Which one is your choice? & \\ Wearing a headset and participating in a traditional movie or using & Wearing a headset, Using a tablet \\ your tablet and watching the same movie? & \\ \hline What is your mother language? & Spanish, French, English, Others \\ \hline Do you like to use the Chilly Mo app in a group in your kindergarten & In a group, Alone \\ or individually at home? & \\ \hline Which part is your favorite? Coloring a painting in VR or participating & Participating in a party in VR, Coloring a painting in VR \\ in a new year party in VR & \\ \hline How much experience had you before with VR or AR? &
\begin{tabular}{l} One time, 2 or 3 times, More than 10, \\ Several times \\ \end{tabular} \\ \hline What do you like to do when you wear a headset? Painting, & Painting, Dancing, Parade \\ dancing, parade & \\ \hline What do you feel (what do you want to see) when you walk and visit & Learning, Fun, Boring \\ an ancient stony town with magnificent palaces? & \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 4: The interview questions for the Chilly Mo app MVP user validation [23].  
The Cham culture AR app is aimed at cultural heritage teachers, students, and museum visitors, allowing them to create animated scenes, using QR codes on palm-sized cards. Scanning these QR codes with a smartphone or tablet triggers 3D figures or artifacts and audio. Users can manipulate the on-screen artifacts, derived from Cham stone reliefs in the museum (see Figure 5). The app provides detailed text information and allows zooming and movement of artifacts on the device screen.