# Supporting Immersive Video Streaming via V2X Communication
## 3 Simulation Results and Discussion  
In this study, the proposed algorithm was simulated on a personal computer equipped with an Intel Core i7 2.9 GHz CPU and 64 GB RAM. Historical traffic data were sourced from a website that provides traffic volume counts for New York City [42]. In-vehicle video applications are categorized into live video and VoD, including 2D video, 360-degree video, and 6 DoF video. The 6 DoF video format includes two types: PtCl video and MIV video. The simulated data for the aforementioned video applications were obtained from statistics on the user base of VoD and live video streaming platforms [43], estimates of market growth and share for immersive video [44], and projections of user numbers for 360-degree video and interactive immersive 6 DoF video [45]. Additionally, factors such as the relative ease of producing MIV format compared to PtCl format in 6 DoF video were considered in determining the counts and ratios for various applications. Table 1 shows the minimum bandwidth requirements for various resolutions of 2D live video and 2D VoD [46]. Live video is encoded using AVC, while VoD is encoded using VVC, with both enhanced into a base layer and an enhancement layer through LCEVC [8; 47]. Tables 2 and 3 show the minimum bandwidth requirements for 360-degree VoD and 360-degree live video [48; 49], respectively. For 360-degree live video, AVC encoding is used, while 360-degree VoD employs VVC encoding, both enhanced with LCEVC. The 360-degree video is segmented into multiple tiles, with tiles within the FoV range transmitted at normal resolution, and tiles outside the FoV at the lowest resolution [50]. Premium users have a 120-degree FoV setting, allowing for a broader video view, whereas regular users have the standard 90-degree FoV setting. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Video Type**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Resolution/Frame Rate**} & **Minimum Required** & **Bandwidth Required** & **Bandwidth Required for** \\  & & **Bandwidth** & **for Base Layer** & **Enhancement Layer** \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{VoD} & 1080P/30 FPS & 1.644 Mbps & 0.987 Mbps & 0.657 Mbps \\  & 2K/30 FPS & 3.288 Mbps & 2.304 Mbps & 0.984 Mbps \\  & 4K/30 FPS & 7.193 Mbps & 5.036 Mbps & 2.157 Mbps \\  & 8K/30 FPS & 16.443 Mbps & 11.511 Mbps & 4.932 Mbps \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Live video} & 720P/30 FPS & 2.52 Mbps & 2.142 Mbps & 0.378 Mbps \\  & 1080P/30 FPS & 6.3 Mbps & 2.52 Mbps & 3.78 Mbps \\ \cline{1-1}  & 2K/30 FPS & 9.45 Mbps & 7.56 Mbps & 1.89 Mbps \\ \cline{1-1}  & 4K/30 FPS & 18.9 Mbps & 15.12 Mbps & 3.78 Mbps \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 1: Minimum bandwidth requirements for 2D Video. Tables 4 and 5 detail the minimum bandwidth requirements for 6 DoF PtCl video, consolidating specifications from several studies [17; 23; 51; 52; 53] according to the density of the PtCl. Table 4 outlines the bandwidth needs for 6 DoF PtCl VoD using V-PCC technology. VVC encoding is used for PtCl compression, enhanced by LCEVC. The compression mode, either All-Intra (AI) or Random Access (RA), influences both the compression level and video quality of PtCl. AI mode delivers high-quality video, while RA mode requires half the bitrate of AI mode but with reduced quality. Premium users are provided with the AI encoding mode and a 120-degree FoV, whereas regular users receive the RA mode and a 90-degree FoV, which is more bitrate-efficient. Table 5 presents the bandwidth requirements for 6 DoF PtCl live video using G-PCC technology. According to [23], there are three different PtCl processing methods based on FoV: Occlusion Visibility (OV), which excludes occluded PtCl; Distance Visibility (DV), which adjusts PtCl density based on viewing distance; and Viewport Visibility (VV), which transmits PtCl only within and around the FoV. Premium users utilize the OV processing method, while regular users employ a mixed strategy of OV, DV, and VV to minimize bandwidth requirements.