## 1 Introduction  
The growing adoption of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and artificial intelligence (AI) in modern agriculture for monitoring agricultural lands and forests presents significant challenges to secure data transmission. Traditional encryption methods, which rely on computational complexity, are facing serious threats due to the advent of quantum computing. Quantum computers have the potential to break many modern cryptographic algorithms, rendering sensitive agricultural data vulnerable to unauthorized access [1,2]. This vulnerability poses significant risks, including economic losses and threats to food security. It is important to note that Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) does not replace traditional symmetric or asymmetric encryption algorithms. Instead, QKD enhances security by providing an information-theoretically secure method for distributing encryption keys, which are then used in conventional algorithms like AES for data encryption. In the context of UAV-based GIS, this hybrid approach addresses both key distribution vulnerabilities (through QKD) and data confidentiality (through AES-128), ensuring comprehensive protection against both classical and quantum-based cyber threats. Agrotechnical activities have become increasingly data-driven, utilizing advanced technologies such as UAVs, IoT devices, and AI to enhance productivity and efficiency. This digital transformation, while beneficial, also introduces significant cybersecurity vulnerabilities. The sensitive data collected and transmitted within these systems--including crop health metrics, soil conditions, and proprietary farming methodologies--are critical assets that, if compromised, could disrupt food supply chains and economic stability. The agriculture sector has already been identified as a target for cyberattacks. For instance, from 2018 to May 2023, there were 157 ransomware attacks on food, beverage, and agriculture organizations, with high-profile incidents impacting the beef supply chain. Agricultural cooperatives have also faced numerous cyber-attacks due to their vital role in the food supply chain and the time-sensitive nature of their operations [3]. The emergence of quantum computing exacerbates these vulnerabilities. Quantum computers have the potential to break traditional encryption methods, such as RSA and ECC, which underpin the security of digital communications and data transfer. This capability poses a significant threat to the confidentiality and integrity of agricultural data. The concept of \"harvest now, decrypt later\" is particularly concerning; adversaries can intercept and store encrypted data today, with the intention of decrypting it once quantum technology becomes sufficiently advanced [4]. In the military domain, the security of agricultural data is recognized as a component of national security. Foreign investments in agricultural land, especially near sensitive military installations, have raised concerns about potential espionage and data collection that could compromise both food and national security [5]. Additionally, the use of foreign-manufactured agricultural drones has been scrutinized due to the risk of data being accessed or manipulated by adversarial nation-states, posing threats to the resilience of the food supply and providing detailed intelligence on agricultural practices [6]. Given these considerations, integrating Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) into agrotechnical monitoring systems is a proactive measure to safeguard sensitive agricultural data against current and emerging threats. QKD offers a method of secure communication that is theoretically impervious to quantum attacks, ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of data transmissions within agricultural operations [7]. This study addresses the problem of ensuring secure data transmission in the UAV-based geographic information systems (GIS) used for agricultural monitoring, including the monitoring of forest fires and agricultural fields.