# Analysis of the Impact of Vibrations on the Driver of a Motor Vehicle
## 2 Measurement Process
### Calculated Vibration Parameters  
The relevant parameters can be calculated either as overall values, meaning that one obtains a single value once the measurement is completed, or as values recorded at intervals. With a known recording interval value, the recording interval is defined in seconds: RMS is a statistical measure of the weighted signal quantity (root mean square value), PEAK is the maximum signal deviation from the zero line (peak value), VDV is the fourth power vibration dose value, MSDV is the motion sickness dose value, MTVV is the maximum transient vibration value (calculated at a one-second interval), and A(8) is the daily vibration dose (as per the applicable standard).  
The vibrations transferred to the whole body should be assessed with reference to the result obtained for the A(8) daily dose, expressed as equivalent frequency-weighted acceleration over eight hours and calculated as the highest RMS or VDV value determined in the three axes of X, Y, and Z.  
Quantities characteristic of the mechanical vibrations observed in the working environment and the permissible exposure limits (PEL) applicable to these quantities have been specified in an annex to the Regulation of the Minister of Labour and Social Policy of 12 November 2018 on the permissible exposure limits of concentration and intensity of agents harmful to health in the working environment [55]. In line with this regulation, the vibrations which affect the human organism through upper limbs (local vibrations) are characterized by the following parameters:  
* Daily exposure A(8), expressed as a vector sum of frequency-weighted RMS values of vibration acceleration, equivalent in terms of energy for 8 h of action and established for three directional components (a\({}_{\text{hwx}}\), a\({}_{\text{hwy}}\), a\({}_{\text{hwz}}\));
* Exposure times of 30 min or less, expressed as a vector sum of frequency-weighted RMS values of vibration acceleration (a\({}_{\text{hwx}}\), a\({}_{\text{hwy}}\), a\({}_{\text{hwz}}\)).  
The following are the characteristics of the second kind of vibrations, i.e., those of general effect on the human organism (general vibrations):  
* Daily exposure (A(8)), i.e., the highest of the exposure limits determined for three directions: max{Ax(8), Ay(8), Az(8)}, expressed as a frequency-weighted RMS value of vibration acceleration, equivalent in terms of energy for 8 h of action;
* Exposure times of 30 min or less, expressed as frequency-weighted RMS value of vibration acceleration (a\({}_{\text{w},30\text{min}}\)), dominant among the vibration accelerations established for the three directional components by taking adequate factors (1.4a\({}_{\text{wx}}\), 1.4a\({}_{\text{wy}}\), a\({}_{\text{wz}}\)) into account.  
The permissible limits of mechanical vibration must not exceed the thresholds provided in Table 2.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Vibration** & **Exposure Action Value** & **Exposure Limit Value** \\ \hline Hand-arm vibration & 2.5 m/s\({}^{2}\) (A8) & 5 m/s\({}^{2}\) (A8) \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Whole-body vibration} & 0.5 m/s\({}^{2}\) (A8) & 1.15 m/s\({}^{2}\) (A8) \\ \cline{2-3}  & 9.1 m/s\({}^{1.75}\) VDV & 21 m/s\({}^{1.75}\) VDV \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table}
Table 1: Vibration limits.