# Wind Load Distribution in Float Photovoltaic System
## 3 Proposed Modeling Strategy
### Evaluating Load Distribution  
PV power plant consists of PV modules, a structure to support the PV modules, and a foundation to transfer the load to the ground. The structure is a plate structure, which has a relatively simple configuration to support the PV modules. In addition, the load is dominated by the wind load on the PV modules, so the structural design is determined by the wind load [10].  
As shown in Figure 3, most PV structures use independent foundations, so the wind load distribution varies depending on the location of the power plant, so the results of this study can be used.  
As a solar power plant is an area-intensive industry, the maximum amounts of solar modules are installed on a limited site with only enough spacing to prevent shading of the solar modules based on the winter solstice. Therefore, structures are installed according to the array direction of the solar modules, and each structure has an independent foundation.  
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c} \hline
**No.** & **Load Combinations** \\ \hline
1 & 1.4 (D + F) \\
2 & 1.2 (D + F + T) + 1.6 L + 0.5 (Lr, S, R) \\
3 & 1.2 D + 1.6 (Lr, S, R) + (1.0 L, 0.65 W) \\
4 & 1.2 D + 1.3 W + 1.0 L + 0.5 (Lr, S, R) \\
5 & 0.2 D + 1.0 E + 1.0 L + 0.2 S \\
6 & 0.9 D + 1.3 W \\
7 & 0.9 D + 1.0 E \\ \hline \end{tabular} where D: fixed load; E: seismic load; F: fluid load; L: live load; Lr: roof live load; R: rainfall load; S: snow load; T: thermal load; and W: wind load.  
\end{table}
Table 1: Load combinations.  
The PV structure is a lightweight structure that meets the basic conditions of installing PV modules, and the structural calculation is very simple when deriving the load on the site area where it is installed. The loads applied to the design of PV structures were described earlier. In the structural design of the PV structure, the wind load is assumed to be applied in the horizontal direction, and the basic assumption is that it is calculated by considering the projected area of the structure [11; 12].  
So far, the load resistance performance of the PV power generation structures has been evaluated by reloading the wind load on the horizontal projected area for each structure installed independently according to the PV module array, as shown in Figure 3.  
In structural design, the safety of the structure can be evaluated when the horizontal load is applied, but it is difficult to expect an accurate evaluation of the load transmitted to the ground. In other words, since the forward direction of the PV module is facing south, it is predicted that a large difference in the direction of the load transmitted to the ground will occur when the wind load is applied from the forward and backward directions of the PV module, respectively, and a large difference in the load transmitted to the power plant will occur depending on what flow characteristics the wind with fluid characteristics exhibits when passing through the PV module array as a whirlpool.  
In addition, arbitrarily applying the wind load derived from the horizontal projection area without adding it is very inefficient in terms of structure, and it is difficult to expect positive economic effects. Therefore, considering that the wind load characteristics of the entire PV power plant will cause differences in load effects and considering this effect will lead to an economical design, in this service, flow analysis was performed to evaluate the wind load characteristics of the PV power plant, and the load characteristics transmitted to the ground were analyzed through the analysis results. By considering the load characteristics transmitted to the ground, it is intended to be utilized as a design basis for the foundation method.