## 5 Integrated Machine: Description, Plant Linking and Behaviour Analyses
### Integrated Machine Behaviour and Needs Coverage
\begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \multirow{2}{*}{**Day of Test**} & \multirow{2}{*}{**Temperature**} & **Relative** & **Water** & **Energy** \\  & & **Humidity** & **Production** & **Consumption** \\ \cline{2-5}  & (°C)** & **(\%)** & **L/Day** & **kWh/Day** \\ \hline
5 & 21.7 & 62.6 & 1423 & 827 \\ \hline
6 & 20.1 & 74.6 & 1777 & 846 \\ \hline
7 & 21 & 73.2 & 1775 & 864 \\ \hline
8 & 20.7 & 53.6 & 1544 & 847 \\ \hline
9 & 19.8 & 64.2 & 1022 & 795 \\ \hline
10 & 19.6 & 63.2 & 1253 & 826 \\ \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: _Cont._an AWG machine. The indicator has the same structure of the Coefficient of Performance (COP) and of the Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER) and can be expressed as follows [37]:  
\[\text{WET}=\frac{Qc\cdot m}{en} \tag{2}\]  
WET is defined as the ratio between the condensation energy and the whole energy input _en_ (kJ) required to obtain it. The condensation energy is given by the product between \(Qc\) (kJ), the latent heat of condensation per mass unit, on average equal to 2460 kJ/kg, and the water mass unit \(m\) (kg). The water treatment unit of the machine has an average daily consumption of about 24 kWh. Such an amount was deducted from the whole energy consumption in order to calculate the WET indicator, as underlined in ref. [37]. In Figure 8, the comparison between the WET results coming from, respectively, real and simulated data of energy consumption can be seen. The average error, in this case also, is below 3%; thus, the simulated data, about energy consumption, were considered acceptable. Once fine-tuned and tested the simulation tool, it was possible to use it to determine the behaviour of the machine for an entire year with the hourly weather data coming from the weather station of Al Makatoum International Airport. Hour by hour, the simulation tool gave the water production, the energy consumption. As side outputs, the simulator gave the treated airflow, in terms of quantity, temperature and relative humidity after the treatment, and the heating energy available at the plate condenser. A first application of the calculation model was carried out, forcing the plate condenser to provide domestic water heating at 40 \({}^{\circ}\)C. In this case, the machine average production of water was near to 1650 L/day. A second calculation was carried out, raising the water temperature to 50 \({}^{\circ}\)C. In this case, the average daily water production was 1585 L/day. Taking into account this second temperature setting, the average daily production, calculated on the basis of hourly data, month by month, is reported in the graph of Figure 9.  
Taking into account the drinking water provision, given to each host, the produced water is enough to cover, on average, the needs of 792 persons. The total amount of produced water, considering the entire year and 120 h of machine stop, due to maintenance is equal to 825,543.5 L.  
Figure 7: Daily water production: comparison between real and simulated data. The thermal heating energy, daily available for domestic water heating, is reported in Figure 10.  
Considering the stop hours mentioned above, the heating energy available yearly is equal to 903,623.8 kWh. Taking into account a direct heating into the plate exchange of the domestic water, as performed during the test, it was possible to determine the average daily water mass to be heated considering the following equation:  
\[m=\frac{en_{t}}{C\cdot\Delta t} \tag{3}\]  
where \(en_{t}\), here expressed in kJ, is the heating energy coming from the coolant condensation, \(C\) is the water specific heat, equal to 4.186 kJ/(kgK), and the difference of temperature, \(\Delta t\), is supposed to be equal to 40 \({}^{\circ}\)C, considering a set point temperature of 50 \({}^{\circ}\)C.  
Figure 8: WET indicator: comparison between values coming, respectively, from real and simulated data. Figure 9: Average daily water production expressed in L/day.