# Taguchi Method-Based Synthesis of a Circular Antenna Array for Enhanced IoT Applications
###### Abstract
Circular antenna arrays [2; 3] are particularly attractive for IoT applications due to their omnidirectional radiation patterns, which enable them to provide uniform coverage in all directions. This characteristic is essential in environments where devices may be dispersed or mobile, such as in smart city infrastructures or industrial settings However, the design and optimization of circular antenna arrays present significant challenges. Traditional approaches often result in performance limitations, such as high levels of secondary lobes, which can lead to interference and degraded signal quality. To address these challenges, innovative design methodologies are required. The Taguchi method, originally developed for quality engineering and robust design, offers a systematic approach to optimization by focusing on variance reduction and performance improvement. This method emphasizes the identification of optimal design parameters through controlled experimentation, allowing designers to explore the trade-offs between various factors that influence antenna performance [4]. In this study, we propose a synthesis approach for circular antenna arrays based on the Taguchi method, specifically tailored to enhance their functionality for IoT applications. By employing this method, we aim to systematically analyze and optimize critical parameters, such as element spacing, feed distribution, and phase shifting, to improve the overall radiation characteristics of the array. Our objectives include minimizing secondary lobes and enhancing main lobe gain, thereby ensuring robust signal transmission and reception [5; 6; 7]. The results of this research are expected to provide valuable insights into the design of circular antenna arrays for IoT applications, offering practical solutions that can be implemented in real-world scenarios. Additionally, this work contributes to the broader field of antenna design by demonstrating the efficacy of the Taguchi method in achieving high-performance configurations. Ultimately, the findings from this study aim to facilitate the development of more reliable and efficient IoT communication systems, fostering the continued growth of interconnected technologies across diverse domains. This paper is structured into several key sections to provide a comprehensive overview of the topic. It starts with the introduction, which outlines the significance of optimizing radiation patterns in antenna design and introduces the Taguchi method as a robust optimization technique. Following the introduction, the second section delves into the Synthesis of the Radiation Pattern for a Circular Array Antenna Utilizing the Taguchi Method. This section explains the methodology used to achieve desired radiation characteristics and presents results demonstrating the effectiveness of the approach. The third section focuses on the Synthesis of Radiation Patterns for a Concentric Ring Antenna Array Using the Taguchi Method, detailing the unique challenges associated with concentric designs and how the Taguchi method is adapted to address these challenges. The paper concludes with a discussion of the findings in the Conclusions and Future Work section, summarizing the key results and proposing potential avenues for further research, including the application of advanced computational techniques and the integration of artificial intelligence for enhanced optimization [8; 9; 10].