## 2 Printed Electronics  
The first topic is related to inkjet printing process. [PERSON] et al. investigated geometrical characteristics of the inkjet-printed nanosilver lines on plasma-treated substrates [1]. They analyzed the fluidic behavior and hydrodynamic instability during line formation by using various printing variables such as surface energy, droplet overlap ratio, printing frequency, substrate temperature and printing procedure. They also found the interlacing overprinting procedure is more advantageous to fabricate thick and narrow nanosilver lines on a hydrophobic substrate. [PERSON] et al. conducted measurement of the dynamic properties of inkjet-printed Ag thin films on various substrates such as polyimide, silicon wafer and glass using flexural wave propagation [2]. They fabricated beam-shaped Ag-printed substrates using pico-second laser cutting and measured Young's modulus and loss factor of the Ag thin films using laser Doppler vibrometer without any damage to the thin films. Experimental results combined with wave propagation analyses showed that Young's moduli of Ag films are around 46 to 90% of those of bulk Ag depending on substrates, and loss factors tend to increase with an increasing modulus. The second topic presents current progress in EHD printing, which uses a high DC voltage to charge ink and produce an electrical field for jetting. EHD printing can generate a droplet muchsmaller than a nozzle diameter, so higher resolution printing is feasible as compared with inkjet printing even though it has a limitation of low-speed and non-uniform line printing. A new vector printing method for EHD printing was proposed by [PERSON] et al. in order to overcome this limitation and obtain uniform EHD-printed lines [3]. They developed an encoder processing unit as well as a built-in computer-aided design software to consider both the acceleration or deceleration region and the constant speed region of the moving stage. They also validated their new method by comparing it with a conventional method and found the new method produced more uniform patterns even at much higher printing speed. In the viewpoint of meniscus deformation and oscillation of EHD printing, [PERSON] et al. investigated the influence of damping ratio on the stability of EHD jetting performance [4]. Damping ratios were controlled by adopting different nozzle geometries, and a simplified linear damping model was used to describe the oscillating motion of Ag ink inside the nozzle. The effects of damping ratio and natural frequency were discussed, and the relationship between jetting frequency and pulsating frequency was experimentally examined. The next topic is about nanoparticles. Ag nanoparticle is one of the materials which are widely used in the field of printed electronics. There is one paper dealing with production of nanoparticles. [PERSON] et al. investigated the effect of the laser pulse width ranging from femtoseconds to nanoseconds on the mean diameter and the yield rate of Ag nanoparticles [5]. Laser beam controlled by a galvanometer scanner was irradiated onto Ag target in distilled water, and Ag nanoparticle produced by laser irradiation were analyzed using a transmission electron microscopy and a particle size analyzer. The mean diameter tended to increase as the laser pulse width increased from femtoseconds to picoseconds to nanoseconds. However, the femtosecond and a few picosecond region showed a similar mean diameter due to similar mechanism of nanoparticle generation with little heat transfer effect at the particle surface. The yield rate was found to be higher at a shorter pulse width. Flexible plastic substrates are also an important factor for reliable printing of functional inks. [PERSON] et al. focused the tension of a plastic film in roll-to-roll gravure printing [6].