## 4 Conclusions  
We studied the drying behaviors of the low-temperature ventilation and drying of a wheat pile, considering the non-uniform distribution of porosity. A self-designed program based on the thin-layering drying model was carried out to study the influence of non-uniform porosity on the drying process of a wheat pile under different ventilation conditions. The research results can predict and analyze the changes in the temperature field of the wheat piles, facilitating the formulation of effective control measures to reduce grain spoilage during storage, maintain the quality of grain, and ensure the safety of grain storage. The main conclusions drawn are as follows.  
1. By comparing the results with experimental data, the present method was verified as being capable of accurately reproducing the temperature and moisture content of a wheat pile inside a mesoscale silo.
2. The non-uniform porosity distribution model can better reflect the actual storage situation inside the wheat grain piles, and its predictive ability in terms of temperature and moisture is also greater than that of the uniform porosity distribution model.
3. For different ventilation cage heights, there is a certain similarity in the distribution of flow lines in silos. Some of the airflow will directly enter the wheat pile after entering the ventilation cage, while the other parts will flow along the height direction of the ventilation cage to the top of the ventilation cage before entering the wheat pile. The high-speed airflow area will decrease as the height of the ventilation cage increases. When the height of the ventilation cage is 0.7 m, the area covered by the high-speed flow of the grain pile is larger, and the efficiency of ventilation and cooling is higher.
4. The high-temperature accumulation areas inside the wheat grain pile disappear faster as the ventilation temperature decreases, and the rewetting area near the ventilation cage inside the wheat grain pile gradually expands with the increase in ventilation time.  
Conceptualization, L.L., K.L. and D.Z.; methodology, K.L. and D.Z.; software, K.L., L.L. and D.Z.; validation, K.L. and D.Z.; formal analysis, L.L. and Y.Z.; investigation, K.L. and D.Z.; resources, G.C. and D.Z.; data curation, K.L., L.L. and Y.Z.; writing--original draft preparation, L.L.; writing review and editing, D.Z. and Y.Z.; supervision, G.C. and D.Z.; project administration, D.Z.; funding acquisition, D.Z. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.  
Figure 12: Moisture distribution cloud map for 96 h of ventilation under different ventilation temperatures: (a) \(15\ ^{\circ}\)C; (b) \(17\ ^{\circ}\)C; (c) \(19\ ^{\circ}\)C.  
**Funding:** This research was funded by the joint fund project of Henan Science and Technology R&D Program (grant number 222103810082, 222103810073, 232103810078); the Young Backbone Teacher Cultivation Program of Henan University of Technology; the Backbone Training Program of Young Researcher in Henan University of Technology (Grant No. 21420194) and the Henan Key Laboratory of Grain and Oil Storage Facility & Safety (2022 KF04).  
**Institutional Review Board Statement:** Not applicable.  
**Informed Consent Statement:** Not applicable.  
**Data Availability Statement:** The data presented in this study are available in the article.  
**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.