# Detection of Personality Traits Using Handwriting and Deep Learning
## 1 Introduction  
Although the development and widespread use of digital equipment has led to a substantial reduction in the number of handwritten documents, handwriting is a valuable skill that contributes to personal, educational, and emotional development. Even though modern technology facilitates electronic communication, maintaining the habit of handwriting can bring significant benefits. Handwriting helps develop hand-eye coordination and dexterity. These skills are essential not only for writing but also for other daily activities. Research suggests that handwriting can improve information retention [1]. The process of writing words by hand helps to understand and retain concepts, compared to typing. The activity of handwriting can have a calming effect, helping to reduce anxiety and organize thoughts. Handwriting requires more attention than typing, which can lead to better concentration and a deeper understanding of the material studied. Handwriting analysis, also known as graphology, has several applications in various fields:  
* Psychology and personal development: Graphology can provide clues about a person's personality traits, temperament, and emotions. It is used to better understand individual behaviors and motivations [2]. * Human resources: Some companies use handwriting analysis in the recruitment process to assess the characteristics of candidates. Graphologists can provide insights into compatibility with an organizational culture or interpersonal skills [3]. * Forensic science: In crime investigations, handwriting analysis can help identify the authors of anonymous letters or establish the authenticity of documents. Comparing handwriting can provide clues about the identity of a suspect [4]. * Education: In education, handwriting analysis can be used to assess learning styles and personalize teaching methods, depending on the needs of each student [5]. * Therapy: Handwriting is used in art therapy or occupational therapy to help express emotions and process trauma. Handwriting analysis can provide therapists with information about the emotional state of patients [6]. * Interpersonal relationships: Graphology can be used to improve communication in personal or professional relationships, providing insights into communication styles and preferences of partners [7]. * Market research: In marketing, handwriting analysis can help understand consumer preferences and create more effective campaigns [8]. Graphologists focus on the vertical and horizontal features of a person's handwriting. In the vertical plane, the writing direction (in relation to the horizontal axis) is observed along with the proportions and size of the letters. When a person begins to write a word or a phrase, they look back to the past, but the ends of the words and sentences expose the writer's future outlook. The angle of writing the characters horizontally has the most information about the personality of the person. The analysis then continued in depth and looked at the shape of the letters, the spacing between them, and the pressure of the writing. Of course, all these analyses cannot be generalized, and we must consider the fact that graphologists analyze writing through the lens of all associated graphic elements. Personality models are theories and frameworks that describe and classify people's traits, behaviors, and thought patterns. They are used in psychology to understand human diversity and predict behavior in various contexts. Here are some of the most well-known types of personality models:  
* The Big Five Model--this is one of the most widely accepted models in modern psychology and includes five major dimensions: Openness to Experience, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism [9]. * HEXACO Model--similar to the Big Five model but adds an additional dimension: Honesty-Humility [10]. * Enneagram--describes personality into nine basic types, each with distinct motivations, fears, and behaviors [11].