# Emerging Topics in Joint Radio-Based Positioning, Sensing, and Communications
## 5 Conclusions  
Communications, sensing, and positioning tasks in emerging wireless transceivers can no longer be seen as separate tasks, as they have been converging over the past few years, meaning that they need to be optimized in a joint or integrated manner in order \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{p{142.3 pt} p{142.3 pt}} \hline \hline
**Project** & **Key Research Areas Related to JPSAC** \\ \hline
6G-DISC ([[https://www.godisac-project.eu/](https://www.godisac-project.eu/)]([https://www.godisac-project.eu/](https://www.godisac-project.eu/))) & Distributed intelligent sensing and communication; ISAC for 6G \\ \hline
6 th sens(https://[EMAIL_ADDRESS]/) & Sensing-assisted communications, communications-assisted sensing, and multi-functional AI-JCAS \\ \hline INSTINCT ([[https://cordiseuropa.eu/project/id/101139161](https://cordiseuropa.eu/project/id/101139161)]([https://cordiseuropa.eu/project/id/101139161](https://cordiseuropa.eu/project/id/101139161))) (accessed on 8 December 2023) & Distributed sensing and communications; ICAS for 6G \\ \hline ISAC-NEWTON ([[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101169496](https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101169496)]([https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101169496](https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101169496))) (accessed on 5 July 2024) & ISAC for perceptive mobile networks in 6G; enhanced positioning and localization \\ \hline
5 EE-6G ([[https://isee6g.eu/](https://isee6g.eu/)]([https://isee6g.eu/](https://isee6g.eu/))) & Joint communication, computation, sensing, and power transfer; RIS and agile beamforming; cross-layer designs and system-level solutions for 6G \\ \hline ISLANDS ([[https://www.islands-mscadoctoralnetwork.eu/](https://www.islands-mscadoctoralnetwork.eu/)]([https://www.islands-mscadoctoralnetwork.eu/](https://www.islands-mscadoctoralnetwork.eu/))) & Automotive radar-centric ISAC system design; radio-based SLAM techniques; resource allocation for ISAC-enabled vehicular networks \\ \hline MiFuture ([[https://mifuture.tsc.uc3m.es/](https://mifuture.tsc.uc3m.es/)]([https://mifuture.tsc.uc3m.es/](https://mifuture.tsc.uc3m.es/))) & Waveform design for ISAC; mm-Wave positioning and sensing; joint positioning and spatial resource allocation for cell-free systems; ISAC for mMIMO and umMIMO systems \\ \hline MultiX ([[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101192521/](https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101192521/)]([https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101192521/](https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101192521/))) (accessed on 7 November 2024) & Multi-sensor, multi-band, multi-static ISAC solutions in 6G; fully flexible ISAC deployment in 6G; addressing mobility challenges for sensing and localization services \\ \hline RIXISAC ([[https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101155806/](https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101155806/)]([https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101155806/](https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101155806/))) (accessed on 28 March 2024) & Design of RIS for ISAC; AI-driven resource allocation and network optimization \\ \hline SMARTTEST ([[https://dn-smarttest.eu/](https://dn-smarttest.eu/)]([https://dn-smarttest.eu/](https://dn-smarttest.eu/))) & Design of ISAC devices and algorithms for contact-free, continuous, and proactive remote health monitoring \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular}
\end{table} 
Table 3: Ongoing Horizon Europe projects addressing various aspects in JPSAC areas. to achieve the ambitious targets set for future wireless communications (e.g., 6G and beyond). The convergence of positioning, sensing, and communication tasks based on radio signals has been referred to in this editorial under the terminology encompassing JPSAC, attempting to unify all the different notations from the literature in this field; this has been illustrated through a comprehensive Venn diagram, in order to point out the different research directions under the JPSAC umbrella.