# A 5G-Based VR Application for Efficient Port Management
## 2 Smart Ports' Demand Analysis
### Edge Computing  
MEC is the foundation of 5G technology and is indispensable for smart ports to make real-time interactions with the real world through VR. The schematic diagram of the edge computing capability network topology is shown in Figure 1. MEC provides multiple network access, computing platforms, and edge computing platform capabilities for industry users to support the digital transformation of industry customers.  
1. Network connection. MEC, based on 4G/5G converge, can provide high-bandwidth, low-latency network access services for industry and enterprise customers. At the same time, it can be extended to provide the existing wired, narrowband Internet of Things (IoT) and other network connections in the park through plug-ins.
2. Computing platform. Based on the general X86 server architecture, mobile edge computing provides an open-source cloud computing management platform and a container-based multi-core cloud management framework. It adopts a lightweight platform and provides different forms such as virtual machines, bare machines, and containers for industry applications.
3. Edge computing platform capabilities. We further superimpose the convenience of wireless communication and Platform as a Service (PaaS) capability, providing wireless network information services, Quality of Service (QoS), bandwidth management, DNS processing, routing distribution, and other network capabilities. At the same time, it provides edge application capabilities such as application lifecycle control, application registration, routing policy management, indoor positioning, and video rendering for third-party applications. It also provides Application Programming Interfaces (API) to open network capabilities and services to the outside world. PaaS is a software development platform as a service, and the development environment is relatively perfect. However, the application supported by PaaS is limited and lacking in universality, and the enterprise has no access to the underlying business logic. As a result, it is difficult for terminal devices providers to develop PaaS, which cannot meet all the needs of the enterprise.  
Figure 1: Edge computing network topology.  
MEC provides edge cloud Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) platform service, which can host third-party services. The IaaS edge cloud includes the underlying hardware, servers, storage, and other equipment. The virtualization layer uses an open-source cloud computing management platform architecture and a standardized x86 architecture underlying server. The edge cloud IaaS platform adopts lightweight resource management Virtual Infrastructure Management (VIM), and only basic components are retained. The consumption of physical resources is reduced by reducing the number of component service worker threads. The computing unit supports the dual-core solution of virtual machine and container to meet the different resource requirements of supporting applications and facilitate rapid deployment and upgrades. The edge cloud is small in scale, the bearer business is mainly local processing, and the required storage capacity is small, whereas either local storage or distributed cloud storage can be adopted.  
IaaS offers computing infrastructure (servers, networking technology, storage, and data center space) as a service to customers. It includes providing operating systems and virtualization technologies to manage resources. Consumers can obtain services from a sophisticated computer infrastructure over the Internet. IaaS is more versatile and less difficult to develop than PaaS. However, IaaS is not economical and more expensive to maintain. Therefore, in our scenario, IaaS and PaaS were both used to save costs as much as possible on the premise of industrialization. The relationship between IaaS and PaaS is shown in Figure 2: