## 3 Results and Discussion
### Fatty Acid Profile of the Two Monocultivar Olive Oils
Those results are in agreement with our previously published data as well as other relevant studies, demonstrating that fatty acid profile plays a crucial role in the classification of virgin olive oils according to their cultivar [28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33]. Finally, according to our findings, this local Greek olive variety has the tendency of exhibiting higher concentrations in the poly-unsaturated omega-6 linoleic acid and lower concentration in the mono-unsaturated omega-9 oleic acid compared to the most systematically cultivated variety of cv. Koroneiki. Of course, further in-depth research for more crop years is necessary for the adequate characterization of the fatty acid profile of Lianolia Kerkyras olive oils. the southern Peloponnese, enhancing and clearly depicting an \"intrinsic characteristic\" for Koroneiki cultivar [44]. The European Commission Regulation (EEC 2568/91) imposes limits or ranges for each type of sterol and total sterols based on the natural levels found in traditional olive oil types [25]. Sterol profiles outside these limits, in combination with other chemical parameters, could theoretically suggest that the oil is not authentic. However, a number of cases have found olive oils which naturally exceed or succeed the limits for sterols [45; 46]. Analysis of virgin olive oils from cv Koroneiki in completely different geographical regions such as Crete and Australia has also shown a tendency of low total sterol concentration [47; 48]. Thus, low mean value in the concentration of total sterols may depict a \"special and intrinsic characteristic\" for Koroneiki cultivar in general, which has to do with the cultivar itself [44]. With respect to the profile of the individual sterols, Lianolia Kerkyras olive oils samples showed a higher mean value for the major phytosterol \(\beta\)-sitosterol (89.21%) and for sitostanol (0.69%) compared to the relative values of Koroneiki olive oil samples (Table 3). Moreover, Lianolia Kerkyras exhibited lower mean values for the most abundant sterols, namely \(\Delta\)-5-avenasterol (4.31%),  
Figure 1: Diagram illustrating total sterols parameter (40.9% of Koroneiki olive oil samples are below the set limit of 1000 mg/kg). Dotted line represents the limit according to EEC/2568/91 for the EVOO category. \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c c c} \hline \hline  & **cv. Koroneiki** & **cv. Lianolia** & **Calculating** & **EEC Limit for** \\  & **(N = 44)** & **Kerkyras (N = 60)** & **\(p\)-Value** & **EVOO Category** \\ \hline
**Sterols and Triterpene Diols** & **Mean \(\pm\) SD** & **Mean \(\pm\) SD** & & \\ \hline Cholesterol (\%) & 0.10 \(\pm\) 0.08 & 0.12 \(\pm\) 0.06 & n.s & \(\leq\)0.5 \\
24-methylene-cholesterol \% & 0.23 \(\pm\) 0.09 & 0.08 \(\pm\) 0.04 & 0.000 & \\ Campesterol \% & 3.82 \(\pm\) 0.35 & 3.42 \(\pm\) 0.17 & 0.000 & \(\leq\)4.0 \\ Campestanol \% & 0.07 \(\pm\) 0.03 & 0.04 \(\pm\) 0.02 & 0.000 & \(<\)compesterol \\ Stigmasterol \% & 0.63 \(\pm\) 0.18 & 0.49 \(\pm\) 0.15 & 0.000 & \\ Chlorosterol \% & 0.81 \(\pm\) 0.20 & 0.81 \(\pm\) 0.16 & n.s & \\ \(\beta\)-Sitosterol \% & 85.95 \(\pm\) 2.68 & 89.21 \(\pm\) 1.27 & 0.000 & \\ Sitostanol \% & 0.48 \(\pm\) 0.24 & 0.69 \(\pm\) 0.17 & 0.000 & \\ \(\Delta\)-5-avenasterol \% & 6.93 \(\pm\) 2.38 & 4.31 \(\pm\) 1.27 & 0.001 & \\ \(\Delta\)-5, 24-stigm/dienol \% & 0.29 \(\pm\) 0.14 & 0.22 \(\pm\) 0.11 & 0.002 & \\ \(\Delta\)-7-stigmstenol \% & 0.32 \(\pm\) 0.15 & 0.29 \(\pm\) 0.11 & n.s & \(\leq\)0.5 \\ \(\Delta\)-7-avenasterol \% & 0.25 \(\pm\) 0.16 & 0.26 \(\pm\) 0.11 & n.s & \\ Apparent b-Sitosterolol \% & 94.63 \(\pm\) 0.70 & 95.28 \(\pm\) 0.35 & 0.000 & \(\geq\)93.0 \\ Total Eryththroidi \% & 2.76 \(\pm\) 1.07 & 1.43 \(\pm\) 0.45 & 0.000 & \(\leq\)4.5 \\ Total sterols (mg/kg) & 1020.8 \(\pm\) 120.7 & 1343.7 \(\pm\) 115.1 & 0.000 & \(\geq\)1000 \\ \hline \hline \end{tabular} Values are expressed as means \(\pm\) standard deviation (SD). n.s = not-significant. The \(p<0.05\) was set at the level of statistical significance.  
\end{table}