## 1 Introduction  
The mining method occupies a central position in the production of mines, and whether the mining method adopted by mines is reasonable directly affects the economic benefits, survival and development of mines. According to the different ways of controlling the ground pressure, mining methods in China are divided into three categories: stopping method, backfilling method and caving method. The shrinkage method is a kind of stopping method, and it is also one of the earliest and most widely used mining methods in China's underground mines, even in the early 1960s. When the rock gold mines were developed before the 1960s in Northeast China, Inner Mongolia, Shandong Province, Hebei Province, etc. they were almost exclusively developed using the shrinkage method. However, foreign mines have been gradually reducing the proportion with the shrinkage method and replacing it with other efficient mining methods in the last century. [PERSON], [PERSON] [1] proposed the shrinkage method as an important recovery method used in the days when there were few underground mining machines. This method is less important today and therefore alternative methods have been proposed to replace the shrinkage method, such as subsevel stopping, vertical retreat stopping, sublevel caving, and cut-and -fill mining. These are methods that can usually be employed under similar mining conditions. In the UK and Australia, thin-vein mining has been carried out using a highly mechanized deep-hole mining method, while the shrinkage method is only used to recover ore that can only be recovered using the shrinkage method [2, 3, 4]. However, in China, due to the late development of mine mechanization equipment and filling processes, especially in non-ferrous and gold mines, the shrinkage method is still used in a significant proportion of the mining volume due to the large proportion of mining volume of extremely inclined thin veins and small ore bodies. While the shrinkage method has been scaled back in some countries, it continues to be used in others and has been optimized to some extent. For example, in response to the problem of ore loss from the ore shrinkage method, [PERSON], [PERSON] [5] proposed a continuous mining method to recover the rib pillar of the shrinkage method. Artificial concrete pillar replacement is also a way to recover the ore pillars with recovery value, and the construction of LHD access roadways not only reduces the loss of ore from the bottom pillar, but also improves the efficiency of the ore discharge [6; 7]. In response to the ore dilution problem of the ore shrinkage method, the dilution of the ore proposed by the static shrinkage method was controlled to some extent. [PERSON] and [PERSON] [8] proposed the \"synchronous filling mining technology\" in mining technology, which solved the problem of loss and dilution in the ore release process of the shrinkage method by setting up flexible barriers and filling, and they conducted many in-depth studies on the basis of this method [9; 10; 11; 12; 13]. [PERSON], [PERSON] [14] proposed a blasting method to optimize the dilution of the shrinkage method, while [PERSON], [PERSON] [15] investigated the factors affecting the dilution of the goat of extremely inclined veins. The overall shrinkage stoping method was proposed to accommodate better ore body dip variations, and the ensuing stoping method was proposed to solve the problem of dilution in the back-mining of high-grade very thin veins [16]. Although the shrinkage method has been optimized to a certain extent, it still has problems such as low mechanization, low labor efficiency, safety hazards, high pressure on tailings surface stacking, high loss and dilution, and ore capital stockpiling [2], which is no longer suitable for China's safe production or the development concept of green mines. With the deepening of China's development concept of safe production and green mines, the shrinkage method has gradually failed to meet the current needs.