## 1 Introduction  
The global cross-border e-commerce (CBEC) market has exhibited a significant growth trend in recent years, emerging as a transformative force in international trade. According to a report by Market Data Forecast, the global CBEC market is projected to reach USD 344.116 billion in 2024 and is anticipated to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 21.6% between 2024 and 2032, ultimately reaching USD 1645.029 billion by the end of 2032 [1]. CBEC has emerged as a new engine driving the growth of global trade. It has facilitated the growth of imports and exports by providing businesses with a platform to reach millions of potential customers worldwide. In 2024, China's foreign trade achieved a new peak in total value. CBEC imports and exports reached a record-breaking CNY 2.63 trillion, marking an increase of CNY 1 trillion from 2020, accounting for nearly six percent of the total foreign trade [2]. CBEC offers numerous benefits to both businesses and consumers. One of the most significant advantages is its ability to overcome geographical constraints, thereby lowering search and transaction costs, making it easier to source products and materials from different parts of the world, enhancing the quality of exported products [3]. This is particularly evident in the way it has enabled businesses to reach a global audience with minimal investment. This global reach not only increases revenue potential, but also provides businesses with the opportunity to diversify their markets, thereby reducing dependency on any single market and enhancing overall stability. For example, Chinese manufacturers have been particularly adept at using CBEC channels to expand their international footprint and build new brands. This has not only improved their competitiveness globally, but also contributed to the upgrading of the entire industrial chain, from design and development to production, warehousing, and logistics [4]. For consumers, CBEC offers competitive pricing and personalized experiences. Platforms utilize AI-driven recommendations to enhance customer satisfaction, while machine learning is employed to reduce search costs. These innovations improve accessibility to global products, fostering consumer loyalty and market diversification [5]. Concurrently, the rapid expansion of CBEC has introduced unprecedented environmental challenges, exacerbating unsustainable practices across global supply chains, particularly in terms of carbon emissions and resource consumption. Logistics and transportation constitute the primary source of CBEC-related emissions, contributing 65-70% of total sectoral emissions [6]. This emissions-growth correlation underscores the environmental cost of unregulated market expansion, which is further complicated by competitive dynamics in delivery time guarantees and logistics strategies [7]. These impacts are amplified by market dynamics: consumer preference for expedited shipping increases carbon-intensive air freight utilization by 18-25%, while price competition discourages green technology adoption [8]. In this context, there is an urgent need for innovative solutions that simultaneously address escalating consumer demands, optimize the operational efficiency of cross-border supply chains, and achieve enhanced sustainability through reduced carbon intensity. Emerging advanced information technologies (IT) have demonstrated transformative potential in fulfilling these dual imperatives. These technologies offer new opportunities for optimizing supply chain operations, improving resource allocation and reducing the environmental footprint of business activities. Technological and strategic interventions demonstrate the potential to mitigate carbon emissions. For example, logistics optimization through AI route planning reduces emissions by 12-15% [9].