# Study of Sea Fog Environment Polarization Transmission Characteristics
## 1 Introduction  
Sea fog is a kind of condensation phenomenon that develops when a lot of water vapor condenses in the lower atmosphere as a result of saltwater evaporation. Polarized light interacts with complicated energies during transmission, such as collision and scattering with nearby sea fog particles, changing the amount of information conveyed by light transmission in the sea fog. Studying the polarized light transmission properties of sea fog particles is thus crucial for maritime exploration.  
Light will scatter, refract, or absorb in the medium as it moves through it. Polarized light, which is often more effective in carrying information about the target, is created when natural light scatters across the medium. As a result, several academics from both home and abroad have consistently conducted studies on polarization features in complex contexts [1; 2; 3; 4]. By examining the impact of altering the size and distribution of fog particles under scattering environment conditions (such as fog), [PERSON] et al. [5] performed a series of Monte Carlo simulations of polarized light with monodisperse particle size and different particle size distributions as scattering environment models. The persistence of the circumference and radius of linearly polarized light was also simulated. [PERSON] et al. [6] proposed that the particle size, waveform length, refractive index, and detection range mayall be altered when using polarization-tracking Monte Carlo simulation. Circular polarization propagates more effectively in radiation and advection fog, according to research, than linear polarization. [PERSON], [PERSON] et al. [7] proposed four MODTRAN fog models (moderate and severe radiation and moderate and severe advection fog), and four real-world-observed fog particle distributions were used to simulate polarized light propagation in fog. By resolving the vector radiative transfer equation, [PERSON], [PERSON] et al. [8] quantitatively evaluated the polarization radiation properties of the sea fog layer. By combining the scattering data of sunlight in the air and sea environment, [PERSON], [PERSON] et al. [9] were able to obtain the polarization reflection function of the entire atmospheric top and analyze the sensitivity of the reflection function to the wavelength, observation geometry, sea surface and ocean characteristics, aerosol and cloud microphysics, and optical characteristics. Sea surface flare is a significant source of interference in the identification of ocean objects, according to [PERSON], [PERSON] et al. [10], who examined the polarization properties of targets against a sea surface flare background.  
The majority of current research on sea fog focuses on the composition, distribution, and other key aspects of sea fog, with less attention being paid to its optical qualities and more attention being paid to the radiation and extinction properties of marine aerosols [11]. Studies on polarization transmission properties in sea fog environments are few. A polarization transmission model based on the RT3 sea fog environment was built in order to broaden the application range of polarization detection and further investigate the transmission properties of polarized light in complicated maritime environments. The results provide theoretical and technical support for high-precision imaging detection of marine targets by simulating the polarization characteristics of various wavelengths, polarization states, sea fog concentrations, and salt contents. One should also confirm the evolution law of vertical polarization transmission characteristics in multi-layer marine media environments.