## 2 Literature Review
### Identification of PFSC Enablers
#### 2.1.1 Perishable Supply Chain Related to RFID and IoT Technologies (Digitalization)
(2011) [19] identifies the strengths and weaknesses of a company's CC performance for perishable products and then prioritizes the possible improvements. The proposed framework helps decision-makers to better comprehend the complicated relationships between CC performance \begin{table}
\begin{tabular}{c c c} \hline \hline
**Theme** & **Enablers Number** & **Name of the Enabler** \\ \hline \multirow{2}{*}{Digitalization} & 1 & Radiofrequency identification (RFID) \\ \cline{2-3}  & 2 & Internet of things (IoT) \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Inventory} & 3 & Shelf life (SL) \\ \cline{2-3}  & 4 & Cold storage (CS) \\ \cline{2-3}  & 5 & Inventory control (IC) \\ \cline{2-3}  & 6 & Decision making (DM) \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Transportation} & 7 & Third-party logistics (3 PL) \\ \cline{2-3}  & 8 & Vehicle routing (VR) \\ \cline{2-3}  & 9 & Unit capacity (UC) \\ \cline{2-3}  & 10 & Fuel consumption (FC) \\ \cline{2-3}  & 11 & Freshness keeping (FK) \\ \cline{2-3}  & 12 & Cost–benefit analysis (CBA) \\ \hline \multirow{4}{*}{Sustainability} & 13 & Global warming (GW) \\ \cline{2-3}  & 14 & Carbon emission (CE) \\ \cline{2-3}  & 15 & Energy utilization (EU) \\ \hline \end{tabular} The enablers mentioned above were discussed in detail in the following subsections according to their themes.  
\end{table} 
Table 1: Fifteen enablers from Vosviewer keyword co-occurrence analysis. factors. According to the SC structure, [PERSON] et al. (2012) [20] developed a methodology to evaluate the performance of a CC in terms of predicted product quality at the retail store and estimated the expected proportion of perished products. Later, [PERSON] et al. (2018) [21] provided an overview of data capture, types of technologies used for data collection, sharing of information, and decision making. Based on findings from 38 publications, the data across the CC can aid various types of perishable foods. 1.3 Perishable Supply Chain Related to Third Party Logistics (3 PL), Vehicle Routing, Unit Capacity, Fuel Consumptions, Cost-Benefit Analysis, and Freshness  
3 PL plays a critical role in maintaining the quality of perishable products. Based on ten different criteria, [PERSON] et al. (2018) [22] presented a hybrid model (Fuzzy AHP and TOPSIS) for selecting 3 PL that can handle the perishable products based on an emphasis on automation and innovation in the CC processes. [PERSON] et al. (2020) [1] analyzed the effects of different time windows for the retailer and other cost-related factors on the choice of legitimacy, food quality, and pollutant emissions of distribution firms in urban areas. Their study suggests that the government time frames would increase distribution costs and pollutant emissions while improving food safety. [PERSON] et al. (2020) [23] reviewed food SC products' distribution work and suggested a dynamic vehicle modeling and routing while considering product quality and environmental impacts. [PERSON] et al. (2018) [18] analyzed a VRP with time windows for fruit-and-vegetable co-distribution using GA. However, [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2020) [24] designed a problem regarding refrigerated routing where multiple deliveries of frozen food were made from a central facility to customers, with an objective of selecting the route for refrigeration that gives the lowest fuel consumption. [PERSON] et al. (2010) [25] developed an optimization model for decision parameters (such as the damage during transportation and cost associated with the freshness-keeping process) in perishable goods' SC. Their computational studies have assessed the results of freshness-keeping efforts along with profit-loss trade-offs. Moreover, [PERSON] et al. (2020) [3] looked into a fresh product SC involving cost-based freshness-keeping efforts by formulating a function with linear demand. Their studies reveal better greenness levels compared to a decentralized model. Furthermore, [PERSON] and [PERSON] (2022) [26] proposed MILP for location inventory routing problem for perishable goods. The CPLEX solver is used to minimize the total cost of the SC involved.