# HYPSO-1 CubeSat: First Images and In-Orbit Characterization
## 4 Discussion and Conclusions
Answering this will require investigating the performance of different algorithms and methods for compensating atmospheric effects [7; 9]. This paper focuses on the performance of the HYPSO-1 CubeSat, its payload, and the, more or less, raw data it is acquiring. Thus, looking at different atmospheric compensation methods is beyond this paper's scope. The atmospheric compensation of HYPSO-1 data will be a topic for future publication. We have also demonstrated that the imaging payload can capture various image formats, depending on the desired spatial and spectral resolution and data latency. Currently, the FPGA is used exclusively for lossless image compression of the nominal cube size [27]. In the future, with planned updates of the payload software, we aim to demonstrate how various imaging modes can improve the information throughput by using flexible onboard processing and reconfiguration the FPGA. With the experiences from developing and operating HYPSO-1, the development of HYPSO-2 is well underway. For HYPSO-2, the Goal is to include a Software Defined Radio (SDR) that can reduce the communication latency of different platforms in the envisioned observational pyramid [15]. The hyperspectral imaging payload will be the same concept used in HYPSO-1, with minor improvements to the optomechanical design. These improvements are made to make the platform more stable against vibrations during launch and pointing maneuvers and, as a result, improve image quality. The HYPSO-1 CubeSat can be an important agent in a system-of-systems for monitoring oceanographic phenomena. The observational pyramid aspires to integrate measurements from several different platforms, e.g., UAVs, ASVs, and AUVs, as well as existing infrastructure for ocean color monitoring and earth observation, e.g., time-series of key environmental variables, phytoplankton biodiversity, and biomass provided by sensor buoys. This assimilation of different sensor systems should give a sounder insight into the oceanographic area of interest than the sum of their contributions. Additional calibration and validation will be enabled by comparing data from HYPSO-1 with data from the other measurement platforms in the observational pyramid. With an operational system of systems, the collected remote sensing data will function as a feedback loop to control and correct the expected sensor degradation and other modeling limitations. The aim is that proper utilization of this feedback property can produce better and more accurate data and models for a target area over time. The observational pyramid can be both disruptive and cost-effective infrastructure for monitoring coastal ocean and in-land water areas of interest. From the perspective of sustainable development Goals, improving this infrastructure will benefit the health and well-being of populations near the areas of interest. In addition, it will help provide clean water for drinking and sanitation, aid in the responsible consumption of aquaculture resources, guide climate action, and provide a better basis for making decisions to ensure functional ecosystems. With a functioning HYPSO-1 satellite, as reported in this paper, we are closer to reaching this Goal. **Author Contributions:** Conceptualization, T.A.J. ; Data curation, S.B. ([PERSON]), M.B.H., R.B., D.D.L., S.B. ([PERSON]) and M.E.G. ; Formal analysis, S.B. ([PERSON]), M.B.H., D.D.L., Y.P., J.L.G., M.O. and G.J. ; Funding acquisition, A.J.S. and T.A.J. ; Investigation, S.B. ([PERSON]), M.B.H., D.D.L., S.B. ([PERSON]), Y.P., M.E.G. and F.S. ; Methodology, S.B. ([PERSON]), M.B.H., D.D.L., A.E.O., S.B. ([PERSON]), J.L.G., M.E.G. and F.S. ; Project administration, S.B. ([PERSON]), E.H.-L., M.O., A.J.S. and T.A.J. ; Resources, S.B. ([PERSON]), R.B., A.E.O., S.B. ([PERSON]), E.H.-L. and T.A.J. ; Software, S.B. ([PERSON]), M.B.H., D.D.L., S.B. ([PERSON]), Y.P. and J.L.G. ; Supervision, E.H.-L., M.O., A.J.S., G.J. and T.A.J. ; Visualization, S.B. ([PERSON]), M.B.H., D.D.L., Y.P. and J.L.G. ; Writing-original draft, S.B.