## 5 Discussion
### Analysing End Users' Perception and Adoption of the Remote Sensing Products and Technology  
Studies that have considered remote sensing technology's adoption by end users have been few in number. The published dates (Table 7) of the available studies show more efforts in the earlier years than in the last few years. The small proportion of studies on the adoption of the remote sensing of pasture monitoring show that remote sensing products are not at the level of adoption by end users. This review identifies two setbacks to the adoption of the technology. In theory, satellite launchers expect direct benefits of the products for all stakeholders; in practice, the spatial resolutions of the current satellites benefit regional, national, and global applications, as revealed by this review. Currently, the publicly available Sentinel-2 and Sentinel-1 are being under-utilised (Figure 5a). End usersmay be unlikely to be persuaded to adopt remote sensing technology not at the farm level, which would support management decisions. We recommend future studies to consider monitoring pasture at the paddock level. The second barrier is the value proposition that needs to be understood by the researchers. Existing knowledge suggests that end users (i.e., farmers) think more of value proposition over the conventional methods (i.e., RPM, C-Dax, visual monitoring) before adopting the technology [87]. From the perspective of service providers, vendors (re-searchers, consultants, etc.) view remote sensing as input data with other accompanying spatial skills (geographical information system (GIS), information and communication technology (ICT), etc.) in providing end users (i.e., government, range managers, commercial farm enterprise, herders) with customer service that meets specified objectives. Such objectives include (a) providing information that supports the stocking rate and carrying capacity and (b) providing a monitoring system that can reduce degradation and conserve extensive grasslands [27]. End users (e.g., government) view this approach as a knowledge-based conservation strategy. For instance, [70] pointed out that the principal motivation for enacting conservation policies and creating political awareness in some countries is to reduce pasture degradation [75]. For example, China is re-enacting a legislative framework that will prohibit the institutional over-use of grassland that has degraded the country's green land cover due to rapid industrialisation [22]. Summarily, commercial enterprises, satellite launchers, government agencies (Table 8), and service providers (i.e., Earth observation system (EOS), Cibo Labs, AgroInsider, SPACETM, DataFarming, GeoGraze, pasture.io, etc.) entering satellite markets in established countries (e.g., Australia, New Zealand, USA, European countries, etc.) could be the drivers of digital remote sensing of pasture monitoring, and its adoption by end users. High-tech companies such as Microsoft (Microsoft Planetary Computer), Google (Google Earth Engine), Amazon (Amazon Web Services), and Oracle (Oracle Cloud Infrastructure) with cloud computing services are providing applications to support digital agriculture. Social awareness, knowledge, skill, and well-defined research objectives are essential milestones to bring end users into the workflow.