## 5 Implementation Study of the Cluster in the Seaport of Aveiro
The Port of Aveiro and the renewable energy sector are regulated, respectively, by the Ministry of Infrastructure and Housing and the Ministry of the Environment and Climate Action, therefore, it is necessary to outline a well-structured project for both ministries, in order to bid for support from them, belonging to the constitutional government, which, as it turns out, are fundamental to the creation of the cluster. Another relevant aspect refers to the type of companies that make up the cluster. An essential condition for the development of this type of group concerns the presence of companies that are competitive in the various markets associated with the sector. Thus, when it is intended to create a cluster, one must consider competitiveness indicators, such as a high level of efficiency of companies and sectors of the cluster; a high level of export of goods and services; and high economic indicators of the activities associated with the various companies. In addition, the existence of competitors associated with the various markets seems to be a strategic advantage for the development of the cluster. Based on the objective of the present study and the supply chain related to offshore wind energy, it can be deduced that wind turbine companies, offshore foundations, steel and hydraulics, as well as offshore wind energy developers, consultancy, and transport would be relevant to the formation of the cluster. With regard to the Port of Aveiro, it already has a foundation production company (ASM Offshore), which is an advantage for the development of the cluster. Moreover, this entity enjoys a good maritime transport network that is seen as an asset for the formation of offshore wind farms. Still related to this factor, it is considered that the growing recognition of the importance of universities and research institutions as centers of collective learning and knowledge transfer agencies with regard to the development of new technologies and structures to support the various levels of government. It is believed that the presence of these types of companies contributes to the integration of theoretical perspectives with empirical evidence and to the constant innovation in the offshore wind energy sector, which, as it turns out, is a sector in constant change. Innovation increasingly depends on a close interaction between the scientific base and the commercial sector, since the degree of connectivity between knowledge agents and the companies that develop the activity is an essential aspect for obtaining a high-level innovation system. The competitive advantages of the region where the cluster is formed were also considered a relevant point. A good geographic location, professionals in human resources, a favorable transportation network, suppliers of available components, appropriate services, specialized educational establishments and programs, and a strong economy are factors that favor the competitiveness of the territory and lead to high investments. Regarding these factors, the region of Aveiro is considered one of the most economically dynamic Portuguese districts. It has a firm socio-economic and business structure, with companies and sectors based on activities with a high technological potential and an intensive workforce, as well as sectors that bet on tradition and new industrial and technologically evolved investments. The industrial zones are in excellent locations, associated with the proximity of large urban centers, making this region innovative, competitive, and attractive to national and foreign investors [77]. One of the most significant aspects of this analysis comes from the geographical concentration and proximity of the companies that make up the cluster. If the main members of the clusters are very close to each other, in geographic terms, competitive advantages and opportunities for active cooperation are created. The geographic scale can vary according to the type and particularities of each cluster and can include several entities that contribute to its development.