# The IoT/IoE Integrated Security & Safety System of Pompeii Archeological Park
## 5 The Implemented Technologies and the IoT/IoE-Based Integrated Technological System  
The technologies that have been implemented, along with the integrated system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) and the Internet of Everything (IoE), are the result of extensive development and deployment efforts carried out through the following two major and interrelated projects: Smart@Pompeii and Safety&Security of the Archeological Park of Pompeii (PAP). These initiatives were designed not only to introduce digital innovation to one of the world's most important archeological sites but also to set a benchmark for the application of cutting-edge technologies in the cultural heritage sector.  
The Smart@Pompeii project, launched in 2015, marked a turning point in the digital transformation of archeological areas. Its primary objective was to create a \"smart\" archeological site by integrating advanced technologies with an IoT/IoE-based system capable of monitoring, managing, and enhancing various aspects of the park. This included environmental monitoring, visitor flows, structural health of ruins, and energy efficiency. The ultimate aim was to provide a holistic and data-driven management approach to the Archeological Park of Pompeii (PAP), enabling more efficient operations, better preservation strategies, and an improved experience for visitors. By doing so, Smart@Pompeii positioned itself as the first large-scale implementation of a smart archeological park, blending the ancient world with modern technological innovation in an unprecedented way.  
Following and complementing the Smart@Pompeii initiative, the Safety&Security project, initiated in 2018, was conceived with the specific purpose of enhancing the levels of safety and security across the entire archeological area. This project also made use of an integrated IoT/IoE framework, expanding upon the existing infrastructure established by Smart@Pompeii. It introduced a wide array of smart surveillance systems, intelligent access controls, real-time risk monitoring, emergency response solutions, and predictive maintenance systems, all designed to protect both the cultural assets and the visitors of the site. The Safety&Security project addressed new and emerging challenges related to public safety, site protection, and digital risk management in heritage environments.  
These two projects are closely interconnected and mutually reinforcing. Smart@Pompeii laid the technological foundation and conceptual framework for a smart, data-centric site management system, while Safety&Security extended this vision into the realm of protection, resilience, and operational continuity. Together, they form a comprehensive and unified digital ecosystem within the PAP; one that is capable of adapting to future challenges and continuously evolving through new technological advancements. Their integration represents a model for future initiatives aiming to apply digital transformation strategies to cultural heritage and archeological preservation on a global scale.  
Extensive use was made of components and devices characterized by high reliability, in order to ensure, together with the adoption of robust and resilient system architectures, the high overall reliability of the entire integrated system, as further illustrated in the following section dedicated to the results obtained.  
Moreover, all components, devices, subsystems, etc., are powered by independent and autonomous energy sources, separate from the main power grid supply (including the use of green energy sources, as detailed below), in order to ensure the high reliability and resilience of the power supply and, consequently, of the entire integrated system.