## 1 Introduction  
Nowadays, many things such as autonomous vehicles, collaborative transport systems, and intelligent roads are directly linked to IoT for ITM, enhancing data transmission and generating heterogeneous communication and low-bandwidth devices in large-capacity areas worldwide. India is a developing country, and its GDP was estimated to contract by 7.7% in the financial year 2020, compared to the growth rate of 4.2% in 2019 as per the report released by NSO [1]. This report proves that the economy of India has significantly improved and enhanced the living standards of civilians. The development of any country increases the number of personal and commercial vehicles. This has caused traffic congestion, a delay in logistic supply, a higher number of road accidents, and pollution. The demand for ITM systems has increased [2]. Mostly manual traffic controlling systems required higher manpower. These systems have desperately poor traffic policies and human resources strength, so authorities cannot manage traffic effectively in all cities using a manual system. In order to solve traffic congestion, traffic signal systems are established in urban areas. However, the frequency division of traffic lights is equivalent and persistent for all the roads. Due to the dynamic nature of arrival traffic on all sides of the road, the signals are not equal, resulting in resource waste. As the volume of road infrastructures and automobiles grows, managing a traffic and transport network will be difficult. Generally, each road has a zebra crossing near the road signal, and each signal also has an assigned time to perform its function [3]. This complete process appears in a series. This traditional traffic-handling framework has a flaw in that it cannot detect the occurrence of automobiles across each route, and when a route is vacant, the traffic signal for that route squanders time. This traditional automobile management structure cannot handle traffic and control traffic jams. So, cities want a better alternative for the \"Intelligent Transport Management System\". An ITM system is a widely accepted system to overcome traffic management issues. ITM systems can reduce traffic congestion and enhance the quality of transportation for Logistics and passengers. The smartness and sustainability of the development of IoT-based ITM Systems depend on the solutions implemented to improve individuals' standard of living. One crucial component of ITM strategies is smart-city governance, which creates planning methods for better policies. One of the core components of the smart-city management system is the public value of innovative services [4]. Over the last couple of decades, mobile appliances, sensors, and actuators have become more intelligent, facilitating communication between devices and the performance of complicated projects. Smart mobile devices, embedded systems, wireless sensors, and nearly all instruments are linked to a local network or internet leading into the IoT. Due to the increasing number of communication devices, the volumes of data generated by those devices also increase rapidly [5]. IoT includes linking physical things to the internet to create intelligent networks and mobile communication connectivity with innovative materials such as ITM. Communication among IoT-based automobiles is a new information-exchange paradigm contributing to ITM. IoT is a composition of data collection and analysis of sensor data and computing to effectively manage and support traffic networks [6]. On the other hand, automatic transportation containing a traffic signal utilizes a timer for each phase. The use of electronic sensors is another method of tracking automobiles. Although electronic traffic-control sensors have been used for traffic control, road traffic also happens. An intelligent transport system can resolve traffic congestion and other issues [7]. The primary aim of a smart city is to build a social structure that can accomplish the productive usage of urban services and infrastructure via AI and ML.