eromang/cyberscale-training-cves huggingface dataset:
CVE-2023-20817
In wlan service, there is a possible out of bounds write due to improper input validation. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07453600; Issue ID: ALPS07453600.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 6.7
CVE-2025-3449
A Generation of Predictable Numbers or Identifiers vulnerability in the SDM component of B&R Automation Runtime versions before 6.4 may allow an unauthenticated network-based attacker to take over already established sessions.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 4.2
Weakness: CWE-340
CVE-2024-2719
A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in Campcodes Complete Online DJ Booking System 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file /admin/admin-profile.php. The manipulation of the argument adminname leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-257472.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 3.5
Weakness: CWE-79
CVE-2026-2391
### Summary
The `arrayLimit` option in qs does not enforce limits for comma-separated values when `comma: true` is enabled, allowing attackers to cause denial-of-service via memory exhaustion. This is a bypass of the array limit enforcement, similar to the bracket notation bypass addressed in GHSA-6rw7-vpxm-498p (CVE-2025-15284).

### Details
When the `comma` option is set to `true` (not the default, but configurable in applications), qs allows parsing comma-separated strings as arrays (e.g., `?param=a,b,c` becomes `['a', 'b', 'c']`). However, the limit check for `arrayLimit` (default: 20) and the optional throwOnLimitExceeded occur after the comma-handling logic in `parseArrayValue`, enabling a bypass. This permits creation of arbitrarily large arrays from a single parameter, leading to excessive memory allocation.

**Vulnerable code** (lib/parse.js: lines ~40-50):
```js
if (val && typeof val === 'string' && options.comma && val.indexOf(',') > -1) {
    return val.split(',');
}

if (options.throwOnLimitExceeded && currentArrayLength >= options.arrayLimit) {
    throw new RangeError('Array limit exceeded. Only ' + options.arrayLimit + ' element' + (options.arrayLimit === 1 ? '' : 's') + ' allowed in an array.');
}

return val;
```
The `split(',')` returns the array immediately, skipping the subsequent limit check. Downstream merging via `utils.combine` does not prevent allocation, even if it marks overflows for sparse arrays.This discrepancy allows attackers to send a single parameter with millions of commas (e.g., `?param=,,,,,,,,...`), allocating massive arrays in memory without triggering limits. It bypasses the intent of `arrayLimit`, which is enforced correctly for indexed (`a[0]=`) and bracket (`a[]=`) notations (the latter fixed in v6.14.1 per GHSA-6rw7-vpxm-498p).

### PoC
**Test 1 - Basic bypass:**
```
npm install qs
```

```js
const qs = require('qs');

const payload = 'a=' + ','.repeat(25);  // 26 elements after split (bypasses arrayLimit: 5)
const options = { comma: true, arrayLimit: 5, throwOnLimitExceeded: true };

try {
  const result = qs.parse(payload, options);
  console.log(result.a.length);  // Outputs: 26 (bypass successful)
} catch (e) {
  console.log('Limit enforced:', e.message);  // Not thrown
}
```
**Configuration:**
- `comma: true`
- `arrayLimit: 5`
- `throwOnLimitExceeded: true`

Expected: Throws "Array limit exceeded" error.
Actual: Parses successfully, creating an array of length 26.


### Impact
Denial of Service (DoS) via memory exhaustion.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 3.7
Weakness: CWE-20
CVE-2023-6656
** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** A vulnerability was found in DeepFaceLab pretrained DF.wf.288res.384.92.72.22. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file DFLIMG/DFLJPG.py. The manipulation leads to deserialization. The attack may be launched remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-247364. NOTE: This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 5.0
Weakness: CWE-502
CVE-2023-24566
A vulnerability has been identified in Solid Edge SE2022 (All versions < V222.0MP12), Solid Edge SE2022 (All versions), Solid Edge SE2023 (All versions < V223.0Update2). The affected application is vulnerable to stack-based buffer while parsing specially crafted PAR files. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. (ZDI-CAN-19472)
CVSS 3.1 base score: 3.3
Weakness: CWE-121
CVE-2025-2004
The Simple WP Events plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file deletion due to insufficient file path validation in the wpe_delete_file AJAX action in all versions up to, and including, 1.8.17. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to delete arbitrary files on the server, which can easily lead to remote code execution when the right file is deleted (such as wp-config.php).
CVSS 3.1 base score: 9.1
Weakness: CWE-73
CVE-2025-20987
Improper access control in fingerprint trustlet prior to SMR May-2025 Release 1 allows local privileged attackers to get a auth_token.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 5.2
Weakness: CWE-200
CVE-2024-21920
A memory buffer vulnerability in Rockwell Automation Arena Simulation could potentially let a threat actor read beyond the intended memory boundaries. This could reveal sensitive information and even cause the application to crash, resulting in a denial-of-service condition. To trigger this, the user would unwittingly need to open a malicious file shared by the threat actor.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 4.4
Weakness: CWE-125
CVE-2023-2219
A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester Task Reminder System 1.0 and classified as problematic. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /classes/Users.php. The manipulation of the argument id leads to cross site scripting. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-226985 was assigned to this vulnerability.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 3.5
Weakness: CWE-79
CVE-2022-28223
Tekon KIO devices through 2022-03-30 allow an authenticated admin user to escalate privileges to root by uploading a malicious Lua plugin.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 9.1
CVE-2020-3448
A vulnerability in an access control mechanism of Cisco Cyber Vision Center Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass authentication and access internal services that are running on an affected device. The vulnerability is due to insufficient enforcement of access control in the software. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by directly accessing the internal services of an affected device. A successful exploit could allow an attacker to impact monitoring of sensors that are managed by the software.
CVSS 3.0 base score: 5.8
Weakness: CWE-284
CVE-2023-21826
Vulnerability in the Oracle Hospitality Reporting and Analytics product of Oracle Food and Beverage Applications (component: Reporting).   The supported version that is affected is 9.1.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTPS to compromise Oracle Hospitality Reporting and Analytics.  Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in  unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Hospitality Reporting and Analytics accessible data as well as  unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Hospitality Reporting and Analytics accessible data and unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of Oracle Hospitality Reporting and Analytics. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 7.6 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts).  CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:H).
CVSS 3.1 base score: 7.6
CVE-2021-22518
A vulnerability identified in OpenText™ 
Identity Manager AzureAD Driver that allows logging of sensitive information into log file. This impacts all versions before 5.1.4.0
CVSS 3.1 base score: 5.8
Weakness: CWE-532
CVE-2024-10390
The Elfsight Telegram Chat CC plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data to a missing capability check on the 'updatePreferences' function in all versions up to, and including, 1.1.0. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 6.4
Weakness: CWE-862
CVE-2025-60559
D-Link DIR600L Ax FW116WWb01 was discovered to contain a buffer overflow via the curTime parameter in the function formSetDomainFilter.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 7.5
CVE-2025-62820
Slack Nebula before 1.9.7 mishandles CIDR in some configurations and thus accepts arbitrary source IP addresses within the Nebula network.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 4.9
Weakness: CWE-420
CVE-2025-23252
The NVIDIA NVDebug tool contains a vulnerability that may allow an actor to gain access to restricted components. A successful exploit of this vulnerability may lead to information disclosure.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 4.5
Weakness: CWE-1244
CVE-2026-22247
GLPI is a free asset and IT management software package. From version 11.0.0 to before 11.0.5, a GLPI administrator can perform SSRF request through the Webhook feature. This issue has been patched in version 11.0.5.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 4.1
Weakness: CWE-918
CVE-2025-54569
In Malwarebytes Binisoft Windows Firewall Control before 6.16.0.0, the installer is vulnerable to local privilege escalation.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 4.5
Weakness: CWE-863
CVE-2020-11086
In FreeRDP less than or equal to 2.0.0, there is an out-of-bound read in ntlm_read_ntlm_v2_client_challenge that reads up to 28 bytes out-of-bound to an internal structure. This has been fixed in 2.1.0.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 3.1
Weakness: CWE-125
CVE-2024-12218
The Woocommerce check pincode/zipcode for shipping plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 2.0.4. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to inject malicious web scripts via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 6.1
Weakness: CWE-352
CVE-2021-21103
Adobe Illustrator version 25.2 (and earlier) is affected by a memory corruption vulnerability when parsing a specially crafted file. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to disclose sensitive memory information in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 4.3
Weakness: CWE-788
CVE-2024-6730
A vulnerability was found in Nanjing Xingyuantu Technology SparkShop up to 1.1.6. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /api/Common/uploadFile. The manipulation of the argument file leads to unrestricted upload. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-271403.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 6.3
Weakness: CWE-434
CVE-2024-36513
A privilege context switching error vulnerability [CWE-270] in FortiClient Windows version 7.2.4 and below, version 7.0.12 and below, 6.4 all versions may allow an authenticated user to escalate their privileges via lua auto patch scripts.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 7.4
Weakness: CWE-270
CVE-2023-0116
The reminder module lacks an authentication mechanism for broadcasts received. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 7.5
CVE-2024-3311
A vulnerability was found in Dreamer CMS up to 4.1.3.0. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function ZipUtils.unZipFiles of the file controller/admin/ThemesController.java. The manipulation leads to path traversal. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Upgrading to version 4.1.3.1 is able to address this issue. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The identifier VDB-259369 was assigned to this vulnerability.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 6.3
Weakness: CWE-22
CVE-2025-2529
Applications using affected versions of Ehcache 3.x can experience degraded cache-write performance if the application using Ehcache utilizes keys sourced from (malicious) external parties in an unfiltered/unsalted way.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 2.9
Weakness: CWE-228
CVE-2025-12926
A weakness has been identified in SourceCodester Farm Management System 1.0. The affected element is an unknown function of the file /review.php. This manipulation of the argument pid causes sql injection. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be exploited.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 6.3
Weakness: CWE-89
CVE-2019-3711
RSA Authentication Manager versions prior to 8.4 P1 contain an Insecure Credential Management Vulnerability. A malicious Operations Console administrator may be able to obtain the value of a domain password that another Operations Console administrator had set previously and use it for attacks.
CVSS 3.0 base score: 5.8
CVE-2025-67536
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in ThimPress LearnPress learnpress allows Stored XSS.This issue affects LearnPress: from n/a through <= 4.2.9.4.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 6.5
Weakness: CWE-79
CVE-2022-1909
Cross-site Scripting (XSS) - Stored in GitHub repository causefx/organizr prior to 2.1.2200.
CVSS 3.0 base score: 9.0
Weakness: CWE-79
CVE-2022-29816
In JetBrains IntelliJ IDEA before 2022.1 HTML injection into IDE messages was possible
CVSS 3.1 base score: 2.8
Weakness: CWE-74
CVE-2024-34134
Illustrator versions 28.5, 27.9.4 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 5.5
Weakness: CWE-125
CVE-2020-15101
In freewvs before 0.1.1, a directory structure of more than 1000 nested directories can interrupt a freewvs scan due to Python's recursion limit and os.walk(). This can be problematic in a case where an administrator scans the dirs of potentially untrusted users. This has been patched in 0.1.1.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 2.8
Weakness: CWE-400
CVE-2024-37442
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection') vulnerability in Photo Gallery Team Photo Gallery by Ays allows Code Injection.This issue affects Photo Gallery by Ays: from n/a before 5.7.1.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 3.8
Weakness: CWE-74
CVE-2022-23531
GuardDog is a CLI tool to identify malicious PyPI packages. Versions prior to 0.1.5 are vulnerable to Relative Path Traversal when scanning a specially-crafted local PyPI package. Running GuardDog against a specially-crafted package can allow an attacker to write an arbitrary file on the machine where GuardDog is executed due to a path traversal vulnerability when extracting the .tar.gz file of the package being scanned, which exists by design in the tarfile.TarFile.extractall function. This issue is patched in version 0.1.5.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 5.8
Weakness: CWE-23
CVE-2024-34716
PrestaShop is an open source e-commerce web application. A cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability that only affects PrestaShops with customer-thread feature flag enabled is present starting from PrestaShop 8.1.0 and prior to PrestaShop 8.1.6. When the customer thread feature flag is enabled through the front-office contact form, a hacker can upload a malicious file containing an XSS that will be executed when an admin opens the attached file in back office. The script injected can access the session and the security token, which allows it to perform any authenticated action in the scope of the administrator's right. This vulnerability is patched in 8.1.6. A workaround is to disable the customer-thread feature-flag.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 9.7
Weakness: CWE-79
CVE-2024-42185
BigFix Patch Download Plug-ins are affected by an insecure package which is susceptible to XML injection attacks.  This allows an attacker to exploit this vulnerability by injecting malicious XML content, which can lead to various issues including denial of service and unauthorized access.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 2.5
Weakness: CWE-611
CVE-2021-43936
The software allows the attacker to upload or transfer files of dangerous types to the WebHMI portal, that may be automatically processed within the product's environment or lead to arbitrary code execution.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 10.0
CVE-2023-3196
This vulnerability could allow an attacker to store a malicious JavaScript payload in the login footer and login page description parameters within the administration panel.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 4.7
Weakness: CWE-79
CVE-2017-1265
IBM Security Guardium 10.0, 10.0.1, 10.1, 10.1.2, 10.1.3, 10.1.4, and 10.5 does not validate, or incorrectly validates, a certificate. This weakness might allow an attacker to spoof a trusted entity by using a man-in-the-middle (MITM) techniques. IBM X-Force ID: 124740.
CVSS 3.0 base score: 3.7
CVE-2022-35951
Redis is an in-memory database that persists on disk. Versions 7.0.0 and above, prior to 7.0.5 are vulnerable to an Integer Overflow. Executing an `XAUTOCLAIM` command on a stream key in a specific state, with a specially crafted `COUNT` argument may cause an integer overflow, a subsequent heap overflow, and potentially lead to remote code execution. This has been patched in Redis version 7.0.5. No known workarounds exist.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 7.0
Weakness: CWE-190
CVE-2023-41898
Home assistant is an open source home automation. The Home Assistant Companion for Android app up to version 2023.8.2 is vulnerable to arbitrary URL loading in a WebView. This enables all sorts of attacks, including arbitrary JavaScript execution, limited native code execution, and credential theft. This issue has been patched in version 2023.9.2 and all users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability. This issue is also tracked as GitHub Security Lab (GHSL) Vulnerability Report: `GHSL-2023-142`.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 8.6
Weakness: CWE-345
CVE-2024-22093
When running in appliance mode, an authenticated remote command injection vulnerability exists in an undisclosed iControl REST endpoint on multi-bladed systems. A successful exploit can allow the attacker to cross a security boundary.  Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated
CVSS 3.1 base score: 8.7
Weakness: CWE-77
CVE-2025-13391
The Product Options and Price Calculation Formulas for WooCommerce – Uni CPO (Premium) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized loss of data due to a missing capability check on the 'uni_cpo_remove_file' function in all versions up to, and including, 4.9.60. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to delete arbitrary attachments or files stored in Dropbox if the file path is known. The vulnerability was partially patched in version 4.9.60.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 5.8
Weakness: CWE-862
CVE-2024-30210
IO-1020 Micro ELD uses a default WIFI password that could allow an adjacent attacker to connect to the device.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 7.4
Weakness: CWE-1392
CVE-2022-50339
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

Bluetooth: avoid hci_dev_test_and_set_flag() in mgmt_init_hdev()

syzbot is again reporting attempt to cancel uninitialized work
at mgmt_index_removed() [1], for setting of HCI_MGMT flag from
mgmt_init_hdev() from hci_mgmt_cmd() from hci_sock_sendmsg() can
race with testing of HCI_MGMT flag from mgmt_index_removed() from
hci_sock_bind() due to lack of serialization via hci_dev_lock().

Since mgmt_init_hdev() is called with mgmt_chan_list_lock held, we can
safely split hci_dev_test_and_set_flag() into hci_dev_test_flag() and
hci_dev_set_flag(). Thus, in order to close this race, set HCI_MGMT flag
after INIT_DELAYED_WORK() completed.

This is a local fix based on mgmt_chan_list_lock. Lack of serialization
via hci_dev_lock() might be causing different race conditions somewhere
else. But a global fix based on hci_dev_lock() should deserve a future
patch.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 7.0
CVE-2024-10122
A vulnerability was found in Topdata Inner Rep Plus WebServer 2.01. It has been classified as problematic. Affected is an unknown function of the file /InnerRepPlus.html of the component Operator Details Form. The manipulation leads to missing password field masking. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 2.7
Weakness: CWE-549
CVE-2023-39216
Improper input validation in Zoom Desktop Client for Windows before 5.14.7 may allow an unauthenticated user to enable an escalation of privilege via network access.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 9.6
Weakness: CWE-80
CVE-2022-22269
Keeping sensitive data in unprotected BluetoothSettingsProvider prior to SMR Jan-2022 Release 1 allows untrusted applications to get a local Bluetooth MAC address.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 4.0
Weakness: CWE-285
CVE-2025-14205
A vulnerability was found in code-projects Chamber of Commerce Membership Management System 1.0. Impacted is an unknown function of the file /membership_profile.php of the component Your Info Handler. Performing manipulation of the argument Full Name/Address/City/State results in cross site scripting. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 2.4
Weakness: CWE-79
CVE-2021-39878
A stored Reflected Cross-Site Scripting vulnerability in the Jira integration in GitLab version 13.0 up to 14.3.1 allowed an attacker to execute arbitrary javascript code.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 5.8
CVE-2022-39859
Implicit intent hijacking vulnerability in UPHelper library prior to version 3.0.12 allows attackers to access sensitive information via implicit intent.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 4.0
Weakness: CWE-200
CVE-2023-51298
PHPJabbers Event Booking Calendar v4.0 is vulnerable to CSV Injection vulnerability which allows an attacker to execute remote code. The vulnerability exists due to insufficient input validation on Languages section Labels any parameters field in System Options that is used to construct CSV file.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 4.7
CVE-2024-8281
An input validation weakness was discovered in XCC that could allow a valid, authenticated XCC user with elevated privileges to perform command injection through specially crafted command line input in the XCC SSH captive shell.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 7.2
Weakness: CWE-78
CVE-2021-20328
Specific versions of the Java driver that support client-side field level encryption (CSFLE) fail to perform correct host name verification on the KMS server’s certificate. This vulnerability in combination with a privileged network position active MITM attack could result in interception of traffic between the Java driver and the KMS service rendering Field Level Encryption ineffective. This issue was discovered during internal testing and affects all versions of the Java driver that support CSFLE. The Java async, Scala, and reactive streams drivers are not impacted. This vulnerability does not impact driver traffic payloads with CSFLE-supported key services originating from applications residing inside the AWS, GCP, and Azure network fabrics due to compensating controls in these environments. This issue does not impact driver workloads that don’t use Field Level Encryption.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 6.4
Weakness: CWE-295
CVE-2025-46824
The Discourse Code Review Plugin allows users to review GitHub commits on Discourse. Prior to commit eed3a80, an attacker can execute arbitrary JavaScript on users' browsers by posting links to malicious GitHub commits. This problem is patched in commit eed3a80 of the discourse-code-review plugin. As a workaround, one may disable the plugin.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 3.1
Weakness: CWE-79
CVE-2022-4506
Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type in GitHub repository openemr/openemr prior to 7.0.0.2.
CVSS 3.0 base score: 7.6
Weakness: CWE-434
CVE-2022-40605
MITRE CALDERA before 4.1.0 allows XSS in the Operations tab and/or Debrief plugin via a crafted operation name, a different vulnerability than CVE-2022-40606.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 6.1
CVE-2022-49287
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

tpm: fix reference counting for struct tpm_chip

The following sequence of operations results in a refcount warning:

1. Open device /dev/tpmrm.
2. Remove module tpm_tis_spi.
3. Write a TPM command to the file descriptor opened at step 1.

------------[ cut here ]------------
WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 1161 at lib/refcount.c:25 kobject_get+0xa0/0xa4
refcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free.
Modules linked in: tpm_tis_spi tpm_tis_core tpm mdio_bcm_unimac brcmfmac
sha256_generic libsha256 sha256_arm hci_uart btbcm bluetooth cfg80211 vc4
brcmutil ecdh_generic ecc snd_soc_core crc32_arm_ce libaes
raspberrypi_hwmon ac97_bus snd_pcm_dmaengine bcm2711_thermal snd_pcm
snd_timer genet snd phy_generic soundcore [last unloaded: spi_bcm2835]
CPU: 3 PID: 1161 Comm: hold_open Not tainted 5.10.0ls-main-dirty #2
Hardware name: BCM2711
[<c0410c3c>] (unwind_backtrace) from [<c040b580>] (show_stack+0x10/0x14)
[<c040b580>] (show_stack) from [<c1092174>] (dump_stack+0xc4/0xd8)
[<c1092174>] (dump_stack) from [<c0445a30>] (__warn+0x104/0x108)
[<c0445a30>] (__warn) from [<c0445aa8>] (warn_slowpath_fmt+0x74/0xb8)
[<c0445aa8>] (warn_slowpath_fmt) from [<c08435d0>] (kobject_get+0xa0/0xa4)
[<c08435d0>] (kobject_get) from [<bf0a715c>] (tpm_try_get_ops+0x14/0x54 [tpm])
[<bf0a715c>] (tpm_try_get_ops [tpm]) from [<bf0a7d6c>] (tpm_common_write+0x38/0x60 [tpm])
[<bf0a7d6c>] (tpm_common_write [tpm]) from [<c05a7ac0>] (vfs_write+0xc4/0x3c0)
[<c05a7ac0>] (vfs_write) from [<c05a7ee4>] (ksys_write+0x58/0xcc)
[<c05a7ee4>] (ksys_write) from [<c04001a0>] (ret_fast_syscall+0x0/0x4c)
Exception stack(0xc226bfa8 to 0xc226bff0)
bfa0:                   00000000 000105b4 00000003 beafe664 00000014 00000000
bfc0: 00000000 000105b4 000103f8 00000004 00000000 00000000 b6f9c000 beafe684
bfe0: 0000006c beafe648 0001056c b6eb6944
---[ end trace d4b8409def9b8b1f ]---

The reason for this warning is the attempt to get the chip->dev reference
in tpm_common_write() although the reference counter is already zero.

Since commit 8979b02aaf1d ("tpm: Fix reference count to main device") the
extra reference used to prevent a premature zero counter is never taken,
because the required TPM_CHIP_FLAG_TPM2 flag is never set.

Fix this by moving the TPM 2 character device handling from
tpm_chip_alloc() to tpm_add_char_device() which is called at a later point
in time when the flag has been set in case of TPM2.

Commit fdc915f7f719 ("tpm: expose spaces via a device link /dev/tpmrm<n>")
already introduced function tpm_devs_release() to release the extra
reference but did not implement the required put on chip->devs that results
in the call of this function.

Fix this by putting chip->devs in tpm_chip_unregister().

Finally move the new implementation for the TPM 2 handling into a new
function to avoid multiple checks for the TPM_CHIP_FLAG_TPM2 flag in the
good case and error cases.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 7.8
CVE-2023-45213
A potential attacker with access to the Westermo Lynx device would be able to execute malicious code that could affect the correct functioning of the device.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 6.6
Weakness: CWE-942
CVE-2025-65020
Rallly is an open-source scheduling and collaboration tool. Prior to version 4.5.4, an Insecure Direct Object Reference (IDOR) vulnerability in the poll duplication endpoint (/api/trpc/polls.duplicate) allows any authenticated user to duplicate polls they do not own by modifying the pollId parameter. This effectively bypasses access control and lets unauthorized users clone private or administrative polls. This issue has been patched in version 4.5.4.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 6.5
Weakness: CWE-285
CVE-2019-19705
Realtek Audio Drivers for Windows, as used on the Lenovo ThinkPad X1 Carbon 20A7, 20A8, 20BS, and 20BT before 6.0.8882.1 and 20KH and 20KG before 6.0.8907.1 (and on many other Lenovo and non-Lenovo products), mishandles DLL preloading.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 7.8
CVE-2020-5214
In NetHack before 3.6.5, detecting an unknown configuration file option can cause a buffer overflow resulting in a crash or remote code execution/privilege escalation. This vulnerability affects systems that have NetHack installed suid/sgid and shared systems that allow users to upload their own configuration files. Users should upgrade to NetHack 3.6.5.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 5.0
Weakness: CWE-120
CVE-2022-26308
Pandora FMS v7.0NG.760 and below allows an improper access control in Configuration (Credential store) where a user with the role of Operator (Write) could create, delete, view existing keys which are outside the intended role.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 3.7
Weakness: CWE-284
CVE-2022-48674
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

erofs: fix pcluster use-after-free on UP platforms

During stress testing with CONFIG_SMP disabled, KASAN reports as below:

==================================================================
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in __mutex_lock+0xe5/0xc30
Read of size 8 at addr ffff8881094223f8 by task stress/7789

CPU: 0 PID: 7789 Comm: stress Not tainted 6.0.0-rc1-00002-g0d53d2e882f9 #3
Hardware name: Red Hat KVM, BIOS 0.5.1 01/01/2011
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
..
 __mutex_lock+0xe5/0xc30
..
 z_erofs_do_read_page+0x8ce/0x1560
..
 z_erofs_readahead+0x31c/0x580
..
Freed by task 7787
 kasan_save_stack+0x1e/0x40
 kasan_set_track+0x20/0x30
 kasan_set_free_info+0x20/0x40
 __kasan_slab_free+0x10c/0x190
 kmem_cache_free+0xed/0x380
 rcu_core+0x3d5/0xc90
 __do_softirq+0x12d/0x389

Last potentially related work creation:
 kasan_save_stack+0x1e/0x40
 __kasan_record_aux_stack+0x97/0xb0
 call_rcu+0x3d/0x3f0
 erofs_shrink_workstation+0x11f/0x210
 erofs_shrink_scan+0xdc/0x170
 shrink_slab.constprop.0+0x296/0x530
 drop_slab+0x1c/0x70
 drop_caches_sysctl_handler+0x70/0x80
 proc_sys_call_handler+0x20a/0x2f0
 vfs_write+0x555/0x6c0
 ksys_write+0xbe/0x160
 do_syscall_64+0x3b/0x90

The root cause is that erofs_workgroup_unfreeze() doesn't reset to
orig_val thus it causes a race that the pcluster reuses unexpectedly
before freeing.

Since UP platforms are quite rare now, such path becomes unnecessary.
Let's drop such specific-designed path directly instead.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 6.2
CVE-2022-25869
All versions of the package angular; all versions of the package angularjs.core; all versions of the package angularjs are vulnerable to Cross-site Scripting (XSS) due to insecure page caching in the Internet Explorer browser, which allows interpolation of <textarea> elements.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 4.2
Weakness: CWE-79
CVE-2025-24296
Improper input validation in some firmware for the Intel(R) E810 Ethernet before version 4.6 may allow a privileged user to enable denial of service via local access.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 6.0
Weakness: CWE-20
CVE-2024-20897
Use of implicit intent for sensitive communication in FCM function in IMS service prior to SMR Jul-2024 Release 1 allows local attackers to get sensitive information.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 4.0
Weakness: CWE-927
CVE-2024-21815
Insufficiently protected credentials (CWE-522) for third party DVR integrations to the Command Centre Server are accessible to authenticated but unprivileged users. 

This issue affects: Gallagher Command Centre 9.00 prior to vEL9.00.1774 (MR2), 8.90 prior to vEL8.90.1751 (MR3), 8.80 prior to vEL8.80.1526 (MR4), 8.70 prior to vEL8.70.2526 (MR6),  all version of 8.60 and prior.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 9.1
Weakness: CWE-522
CVE-2025-57821
Basecamp's Google Sign-In adds Google sign-in to Rails applications. Prior to version 1.3.0, it is possible to craft a malformed URL that passes the "same origin" check, resulting in the user being redirected to another origin. Rails applications configured to store the flash information in a session cookie may be vulnerable, if this can be chained with an attack that allows injection of arbitrary data into the session cookie. This issue has been patched in version 1.3.0. If upgrading is not possible at this time, a way to mitigate the chained attack can be done by explicitly setting SameSite=Lax or SameSite=Strict on the application session cookie.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 4.2
Weakness: CWE-601
CVE-2024-5368
A vulnerability was found in Kashipara College Management System 1.0. It has been classified as problematic. Affected is an unknown function of the file delete_faculty.php. The manipulation of the argument id leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-266280.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 3.5
Weakness: CWE-79
CVE-2018-20105
A Inclusion of Sensitive Information in Log Files vulnerability in yast2-rmt of SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15; openSUSE Leap allows local attackers to learn the password if they can access the log file. This issue affects: SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 yast2-rmt versions prior to 1.2.2. openSUSE Leap yast2-rmt versions prior to 1.2.2.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 4.0
Weakness: CWE-532
CVE-2025-7090
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Belkin F9K1122 1.00.33. Affected by this issue is the function formConnectionSetting of the file /goform/formConnectionSetting of the component webs. The manipulation of the argument max_Conn/timeOut leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 8.8
Weakness: CWE-121
CVE-2023-30704
Improper Authorization vulnerability in Samsung Internet prior to version 22.0.0.35 allows physical attacker access downloaded files in Secret Mode without user authentication.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 3.8
Weakness: CWE-285
CVE-2024-10095
In Progress Telerik UI for WPF versions prior to 2024 Q4 (2024.4.1213), a code execution attack is possible through an insecure deserialization vulnerability.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 8.4
Weakness: CWE-502
CVE-2025-1941
Under certain circumstances, a user opt-in setting that Focus should require authentication before use could have been be bypassed (distinct from CVE-2025-0245). This vulnerability affects Firefox < 136.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 9.1
CVE-2022-44591
Auth. (admin+) Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Anthologize plugin <= 0.8.0 on WordPress.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 4.8
Weakness: CWE-79
CVE-2023-0375
The Easy Affiliate Links WordPress plugin before 3.7.1 does not validate and escape some of its block options before outputting them back in a page/post where the block is embedded, which could allow users with the contributor role and above to perform Stored Cross-Site Scripting attacks.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 6.8
Weakness: CWE-79
CVE-2024-47553
A vulnerability has been identified in SINEC Security Monitor (All versions < V4.9.0). The affected application does not properly validate user input to the ```ssmctl-client``` command.
This could allow an authenticated, lowly privileged remote attacker to execute arbitrary code with root privileges on the underlying OS.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 9.9
Weakness: CWE-88
CVE-2026-24770
RAGFlow is an open-source RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) engine. In version 0.23.1 and possibly earlier versions, the MinerU parser contains a "Zip Slip" vulnerability, allowing an attacker to overwrite arbitrary files on the server (leading to Remote Code Execution) via a malicious ZIP archive. The MinerUParser class retrieves and extracts ZIP files from an external source (mineru_server_url). The extraction logic in `_extract_zip_no_root` fails to sanitize filenames within the ZIP archive. Commit 64c75d558e4a17a4a48953b4c201526431d8338f contains a patch for the issue.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 9.8
Weakness: CWE-22
CVE-2023-20735
In vcu, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07645149; Issue ID: ALPS07645178.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 6.7
CVE-2023-1490
A vulnerability was found in Max Secure Anti Virus Plus 19.0.2.1 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function 0x220020 in the library SDActMon.sys of the component IoControlCode Handler. The manipulation leads to improper access controls. An attack has to be approached locally. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-223376.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 4.4
Weakness: CWE-284
CVE-2021-21889
A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the Web Manager Ping functionality of Lantronix PremierWave 2050 8.9.0.0R4 (in QEMU). A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to remote code execution. An attacker can make an authenticated HTTP request to trigger this vulnerability.
CVSS 3.0 base score: 9.9
Weakness: CWE-121
CVE-2025-2584
A vulnerability was found in WebAssembly wabt 1.0.36. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function BinaryReaderInterp::GetReturnCallDropKeepCount of the file wabt/src/interp/binary-reader-interp.cc. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation appears to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 5.0
Weakness: CWE-122
CVE-2025-33212
NVIDIA NeMo Framework contains a vulnerability in model loading that could allow an attacker to exploit improper control mechanisms if a user loads a maliciously crafted file. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, escalation of privileges, denial of service, and data tampering.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 7.3
Weakness: CWE-502
CVE-2026-20006
A vulnerability in the TLS cryptography functionality of the Snort 3 Detection Engine of Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause the Snort 3 Detection Engine to unexpectedly restart, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition.

This vulnerability is due to improper implementation of the TLS protocol. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a crafted TLS packet to an affected system. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause a device that is running Cisco Secure FTD Software to drop network traffic, resulting in a DoS condition.&nbsp;
Note: TLS 1.3 is not affected by this vulnerability.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 5.8
Weakness: CWE-388
CVE-2025-2586
A flaw was found in the OpenShift Lightspeed Service, which is vulnerable to unauthenticated API request flooding. Repeated queries to non-existent endpoints inflate metrics storage and processing, consuming excessive resources. This issue can lead to monitoring system degradation, increased disk usage, and potential service unavailability. Since the issue does not require authentication, an external attacker can exhaust CPU, RAM, and disk space, impacting both application and cluster stability.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 7.5
Weakness: CWE-400
CVE-2024-11005
Command injection in Ivanti Connect Secure before version 22.7R2.1 (Not Applicable to 9.1Rx) and Ivanti Policy Secure before version 22.7R1.1 (Not Applicable to 9.1Rx) allows a remote authenticated attacker with admin privileges to achieve remote code execution.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 9.1
Weakness: CWE-78
CVE-2025-64345
Wasmtime is a runtime for WebAssembly. Prior to version 38.0.4, 37.0.3, 36.0.3, and 24.0.5, Wasmtime's Rust embedder API contains an unsound interaction where a WebAssembly shared linear memory could be viewed as a type which provides safe access to the host (Rust) to the contents of the linear memory. This is not sound for shared linear memories, which could be modified in parallel, and this could lead to a data race in the host. Patch releases have been issued for all supported versions of Wasmtime, notably: 24.0.5, 36.0.3, 37.0.3, and 38.0.4. These releases reject creation of shared memories via `Memory::new` and shared memories are now excluded from core dumps. As a workaround, eembeddings affected by this issue should use `SharedMemory::new` instead of `Memory::new` to create shared memories. Affected embeddings should also disable core dumps if they are unable to upgrade. Note that core dumps are disabled by default but the wasm threads proposal (and shared memory) is enabled by default.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 1.8
Weakness: CWE-362
CVE-2025-32652
Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type vulnerability in solacewp Solace Extra allows Using Malicious Files. This issue affects Solace Extra: from n/a through 1.3.1.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 9.9
Weakness: CWE-434
CVE-2023-25451
Auth. (admin+) Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in WPChill CPO Content Types plugin <= 1.1.0 versions.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 5.9
Weakness: CWE-79
CVE-2024-7634
NGINX Agent's "config_dirs" restriction feature allows a highly privileged attacker to gain the ability to write/overwrite files outside of the designated secure directory.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 4.9
Weakness: CWE-22
CVE-2023-24334
A stack overflow vulnerability in Tenda AC23 with firmware version US_AC23V1.0re_V16.03.07.45_cn_TDC01 allows attackers to run arbitrary commands via schedStartTime parameter.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 8.0
CVE-2022-42038
The d8s-ip-addresses package for Python, as distributed on PyPI, included a potential code-execution backdoor inserted by a third party. The backdoor is the democritus-csv package. The affected version is 0.1.0.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 9.8
CVE-2025-41229
VMware Cloud Foundation contains a directory traversal vulnerability. A malicious actor with network access to port 443 on VMware Cloud Foundation may exploit this issue to access certain internal services.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 8.2
Weakness: CWE-22
CVE-2023-5624
Under certain conditions, Nessus Network Monitor was found to not properly enforce input validation. This could allow an admin user to alter parameters that could potentially allow a blindSQL injection.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 7.2
Weakness: CWE-20
CVE-2021-1591
A vulnerability in the EtherChannel port subscription logic of Cisco Nexus 9500 Series Switches could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass access control list (ACL) rules that are configured on an affected device. This vulnerability is due to oversubscription of resources that occurs when applying ACLs to port channel interfaces. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by attempting to access network resources that are protected by the ACL. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to access network resources that would be protected by the ACL that was applied on the port channel interface.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 5.8
Weakness: CWE-284
CVE-2026-0495
SAP Fiori App Intercompany Balance Reconciliation allows an attacker with high privileges  to send uploaded files to arbitrary emails which could enable effective phishing campaigns. This has low impact on confidentiality, integrity and availability of the application.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 5.1
Weakness: CWE-15
CVE-2019-19915
The "301 Redirects - Easy Redirect Manager" plugin before 2.45 for WordPress allows users (with subscriber or greater access) to modify, delete, or inject redirect rules, and exploit XSS, with the /admin-ajax.php?action=eps_redirect_save and /admin-ajax.php?action=eps_redirect_delete actions. This could result in a loss of site availability, malicious redirects, and user infections. This could also be exploited via CSRF.
CVSS 3.0 base score: 9.0
CVE-2024-36894
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

usb: gadget: f_fs: Fix race between aio_cancel() and AIO request complete

FFS based applications can utilize the aio_cancel() callback to dequeue
pending USB requests submitted to the UDC.  There is a scenario where the
FFS application issues an AIO cancel call, while the UDC is handling a
soft disconnect.  For a DWC3 based implementation, the callstack looks
like the following:

    DWC3 Gadget                               FFS Application
dwc3_gadget_soft_disconnect()              ...
  --> dwc3_stop_active_transfers()
    --> dwc3_gadget_giveback(-ESHUTDOWN)
      --> ffs_epfile_async_io_complete()   ffs_aio_cancel()
        --> usb_ep_free_request()            --> usb_ep_dequeue()

There is currently no locking implemented between the AIO completion
handler and AIO cancel, so the issue occurs if the completion routine is
running in parallel to an AIO cancel call coming from the FFS application.
As the completion call frees the USB request (io_data->req) the FFS
application is also referencing it for the usb_ep_dequeue() call.  This can
lead to accessing a stale/hanging pointer.

commit b566d38857fc ("usb: gadget: f_fs: use io_data->status consistently")
relocated the usb_ep_free_request() into ffs_epfile_async_io_complete().
However, in order to properly implement locking to mitigate this issue, the
spinlock can't be added to ffs_epfile_async_io_complete(), as
usb_ep_dequeue() (if successfully dequeuing a USB request) will call the
function driver's completion handler in the same context.  Hence, leading
into a deadlock.

Fix this issue by moving the usb_ep_free_request() back to
ffs_user_copy_worker(), and ensuring that it explicitly sets io_data->req
to NULL after freeing it within the ffs->eps_lock.  This resolves the race
condition above, as the ffs_aio_cancel() routine will not continue
attempting to dequeue a request that has already been freed, or the
ffs_user_copy_work() not freeing the USB request until the AIO cancel is
done referencing it.

This fix depends on
  commit b566d38857fc ("usb: gadget: f_fs: use io_data->status
  consistently")
CVSS 3.1 base score: 5.6
CVE-2024-46539
Insecure permissions in the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) component of Fire-Boltt Artillery Smart Watch NJ-R6E-10.3 allow attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS).
CVSS 3.1 base score: 8.2
CVE-2025-4405
The Hot Random Image plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via the ‘link’ parameter in all versions up to, and including, 1.9.2 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 4.9
Weakness: CWE-79
CVE-2023-54340
WorkOrder CMS 0.1.0 contains a SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to bypass login by manipulating username and password parameters. Attackers can inject malicious SQL queries using techniques like OR '1'='1' and stacked queries to access database information or execute administrative commands.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 8.2
Weakness: CWE-89
CVE-2024-56753
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

drm/amdgpu/gfx9: Add Cleaner Shader Deinitialization in gfx_v9_0 Module

This commit addresses an omission in the previous patch related to the
cleaner shader support for GFX9 hardware. Specifically, it adds the
necessary deinitialization code for the cleaner shader in the
gfx_v9_0_sw_fini function.

The added line amdgpu_gfx_cleaner_shader_sw_fini(adev); ensures that any
allocated resources for the cleaner shader are freed correctly, avoiding
potential memory leaks and ensuring that the GPU state is clean for the
next initialization sequence.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 5.5
CVE-2022-41315
Auth. Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Ezoic plugin <= 2.8.8 on WordPress.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 4.8
Weakness: CWE-79
CVE-2023-43505
A vulnerability has been identified in COMOS (All versions). The affected application lacks proper access controls in SMB shares. This could allow an attacker to access files that the user should not have access to.
CVSS 3.1 base score: 9.6
Weakness: CWE-284
CVE-2022-37009
In JetBrains IntelliJ IDEA before 2022.2 local code execution via a Vagrant executable was possible
CVSS 3.1 base score: 3.9
Weakness: CWE-94