sentence: Twenty-eight days after surgery , we assessed the effects of oltipraz on the expression of CD11b / c ( a microglial marker ) , phosphoinositide 3-kinase ( PI3K ) / phosphorylated protein kinase B ( p-Akt ) , nuclear factor-kappaB ( NF-kappaB ) transcription factor , and mitogen activated protein kinases ( MAPK ) in the spinal cord , hippocampus , and prefrontal cortex .