Running horizontally along the graph, is "ecological footprint," which is a measure of how much resources we use and how much pressure we put on the planet. More is bad. Running vertically upwards, is a measure called "happy life years." It's about the well-being of nations.
Горизонтальная прямая это "Экологический след" т.е. показатель того, сколько ресурсов мы используем и сколько давления оказываем на планету. Чем больше, тем хуже.