The Habsburg rulers ( chiefly Charles I and Philip II ) reached the zenith of their influence and power , controlling territory , including the Americas , the East Indies , the Low Countries and territories now in France and Germany in Europe , the Portuguese Empire from 1580 to 1640 , various other territories such as small enclaves like Ceuta and Oran in North Africa .
Under Habsburg rule ( mostly under Charles I and Philip II ) , Spain reached the height of its influence and power . They had land including the Americas ; the East Indies in Asia ; the Low Countries , territories now in France and Germany in Europe ; from 1580 to 1640 the Portuguese Empire ; and various other lands such as small enclaves like Ceuta and Oran in North Africa .