From 1438 to 1533 , the Incas used a variety of methods , from conquest to peaceful assimilation , to incorporate a large portion of western South America , centered on the Andean mountain ranges , including , besides Peru , large parts of modern Ecuador , western and south central Bolivia , northwest Argentina , north and central Chile , and a small part of southern Colombia into a state comparable to the historical empires of Eurasia .
From 1438 to 1533 , the Incas used conquest and non-violent assimilation to gain a large portion of western South America , that centered on the Andean mountain ranges , and included large parts of what is now Ecuador , Peru , Bolivia , Argentina and Chile .