Chopin invented the concept of instrumental ballade ; his major piano works also include sonatas , mazurkas , waltzes , nocturnes , polonaises , études , impromptus , scherzos , and preludes , some published only after his death .
Chopin also created the instrumental ballade , along with the addition of new ideas to the piano sonata , mazurka , waltz , nocturne , polonaise , étude , impromptu , scherzo and prélude .