A better approach is to use a cryptosystem which is provably secure under chosen-ciphertext attack , including ( among others ) RSA-OAEP secure under the random oracle heuristics , Cramer-Shoup and many forms of authenticated symmetric encryption when one uses symmetric encryption rather than public key cryptography .
A better approach is to use a cryptosystem which is provably secure under chosen-ciphertext attack , including ( among others ) RSA-OAEP , Cramer-Shoup and many forms of authenticated symmetric encryption .