Annual Report (Form 10-K), fiscal year 1994

ITEM 1. BUSINESS.
Monsanto Company and its subsidiaries are engaged in the worldwide manufacture and sale of a widely diversified line of agricultural products; chemical products, including plastics and manufactured fibers; pharmaceuticals; and food products, including low-calorie sweeteners. Monsanto Company was incorporated in 1933 under Delaware law and is the successor to a Missouri corporation, Monsanto Chemical Works, organized in 1901. Unless otherwise indicated by the context, "Monsanto" means Monsanto Company and consolidated subsidiaries, and the "Company" means Monsanto Company only.
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
On February 20, 1995, Monsanto completed its acquisition of the worldwide business of Kelco, a division of Merck & Co., Inc., for approximately $1,075 million. See "Review of Changes in Financial Position" and "Principal Acquisitions and Divestitures" on pages 42 and 49, respectively, of the Company's Annual Report to shareowners for the year ended December 31, 1994 (the "1994 Annual Report").
In December 1994, the Company's Board of Directors approved a plan to eliminate redundant staff activities across Monsanto and to consolidate certain staff and administrative business functions. In addition, Monsanto will close or exit certain facilities and programs. See "Review of Consolidated Results of Operations" and "Restructuring and Other Actions" on pages 29 and 48 of the 1994 Annual Report.
In 1995, The Chemical Group intends to merge its rubber chemicals and instruments businesses with the rubber chemicals business of Akzo Nobel N.V. to form a joint venture. See "Chemical Group Outlook" and "Principal Acquisitions and Divestitures" on pages 37 and 49, respectively, of the 1994 Annual Report.
INDUSTRY SEGMENTS; PRINCIPAL PRODUCTS
For 1994, Monsanto reported its business under four industry segments: The Agricultural Group, The Chemical Group, Searle, and NutraSweet. The tabular information appearing under "Operating Unit Segment Data" and "Geographic Data" on pages 33 and 40 of the 1994 Annual Report is incorporated herein by reference.
SALE OF PRODUCTS
Monsanto's products are sold directly to customers in various industries, to wholesalers and other distributors and jobbers, to retailers and to the ultimate consumer, principally by its own sales force, or, in some cases, through third parties. With respect to pharmaceuticals, such sales force concentrates on detailing to physicians and managed health care providers. As indicated on page 57 of the 1994 Annual Report, Monsanto's net income is historically higher during the first half of the year, primarily because of the concentration of generally more profitable sales of The Agricultural Group during that part of the year. Monsanto's marketing and distribution practices do not result in unusual working capital requirements on a consolidated basis, although the seasonality of sales of The Agricultural Group segment sometimes results in short-term borrowings to finance the customer accounts receivable and inventories. Inventories of finished goods, goods in process and raw materials are maintained to meet customer requirements and Monsanto's scheduled production. In general, Monsanto does not manufacture its products against a backlog of firm orders; production is geared primarily to the level of incoming orders and to projections of future demand. Monsanto generally is not dependent upon one or a group of customers. The NutraSweet segment, however, makes a majority of its sales to a few companies for use in carbonated soft drinks. Monsanto has no material contracts with the government of the United States or any state, local or foreign government. However, pursuant to contracts executed under U.S. federal and state laws, Monsanto's Searle segment pays rebates to state governments for pharmaceuticals sold under state Medicaid programs and under state-funded programs for the indigent. The Searle segment also grants discounts to certain managed health care providers. Sales through managed health care providers constitute an increasing percentage of Searle's sales.
Introduction of new products by The Agricultural Group, Searle and NutraSweet segments is typically subject to prior review and approval by the U.S. Food & Drug Administration, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and/or the U.S. Department of Agriculture (or comparable agencies of ex-U.S. governments) before they can be sold. Such reviews are often time-consuming and costly. These agencies also have continuing jurisdiction over many existing products of these segments.
RAW MATERIALS AND ENERGY RESOURCES
Monsanto is both a producer and significant purchaser of a wide spectrum of its basic and intermediate raw material requirements. Major requirements for key raw materials and fuels are typically purchased pursuant to long-term contracts. Monsanto is not dependent on any one supplier for a material amount of its raw materials or fuel requirements, but certain important raw materials are obtained from a few major suppliers. In general, where Monsanto has limited sources of raw materials, it has developed contingency plans to minimize the effect of any interruption or reduction in supply. Information with respect to specific raw materials is set forth in the table above under "Industry Segments; Principal Products."
While temporary shortages of raw materials and fuels may occasionally occur, these items are sufficiently available to cover current and projected requirements. However, their continuing availability and price are subject to unscheduled plant interruptions occurring during periods of high demand, or due to domestic and world market and political conditions, as well as to the direct or indirect effect of U.S. and other countries' government regulations. The impact of any future raw material and energy shortages on Monsanto's business as a whole or in specific world areas cannot be accurately predicted. Operations and products may, at times, be adversely affected by legislation, shortages or international or domestic events.
PATENTS, TRADEMARKS, LICENSES, FRANCHISES AND CONCESSIONS
Monsanto owns a large number of patents which relate to a wide variety of products and processes, has pending a substantial number of patent applications, and is licensed under a small number of patents of others. Also, Monsanto owns a considerable number of established trademarks in many countries under which it markets its products. Monsanto's patents and trademarks in the aggregate are of material importance in the operation of its business, particularly in The Agricultural Group and Searle segments and with respect to NutraSweet(R) brand sweetener. Certain proprietary products such as Roundup(R) herbicide are covered by patents. Although patents protecting Roundup(R) herbicide have now expired in most countries, compound per se patent protection for the active ingredient in Roundup herbicide continues in the United States into the year 2000. All patents covering the use of aspartame as a sweetener have expired. NutraSweet(R) brand sweetener is currently manufactured under several patents owned by The NutraSweet Company and patented processes licensed from a third party for the duration of the applicable patents. Calan(R) SR, an antihypertensive pharmaceutical, is licensed through the year 2004 to Searle by a third party, which has retained co-marketing rights. The product no longer has patent protection nor non-patent regulatory exclusivity conferred by the Waxman-Hatch amendments to the U.S. Food, Drug and Cosmetics Act. Cytotec(R) ulcer preventive drug is protected by a U.S. compound patent to March 26, 1996 and a U.S. composition patent until July 29, 2000. Ambien(R) short-term treatment for insomnia is licensed to a joint venture, of which Searle is a general partner and holds a controlling interest, for the duration of the venture. This product is protected by a U.S. patent to October 21, 2006, and by non- patent regulatory exclusivity until December 16, 1997. Daypro(R) once- a-day arthritis treatment is licensed to Searle until January 5, 2003 in the U.S. and varying dates in other countries. This product is protected by a U.S. process patent that expires on February 26, 1999, and by non-patent regulatory exclusivity extending to October 29, 1997.
The trademarks "Roundup," "Equal(R)," "Canderel(R)" and "NutraSweet" and the NutraSweet symbol are protected by registration in the United States and in other countries where the products are marketed.
Roundup herbicide, Calan SR antihypertensive and NutraSweet brand sweetener are each substantial contributors to earnings.
Monsanto holds (directly or by assignment) numerous phosphate leases, which were issued on behalf of or granted by the United States, political subdivisions of various states, or private parties. None of these leases taken individually is deemed by Monsanto to be material, although Monsanto's phosphate leases in the aggregate are significant to The Chemical Group segment of its business. Monsanto's phosphate leases have varying terms, with leases obtained from the United States being of indefinite duration subject to the modification of lease terms at twenty-year intervals.
COMPETITION
Monsanto encounters substantial competition in each of its industry segments. This competition, from other manufacturers of the same products and from manufacturers of different products designed for the same uses, is expected to continue in both U.S. and ex-U.S. markets. Depending on the product involved, various types of competition are encountered, including price, delivery, service, performance, product innovation, product recognition and quality.
The number of Monsanto's principal competitors varies from product to product. It is not practical to discuss Monsanto's numerous competitors because of the large variety of Monsanto's products, the markets served and the worldwide business interests of Monsanto. Overall, however, Monsanto regards its principal product groups to be competitive with many other products of other producers and believes that it is an important producer of many of such product groups.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Research and development constitute an important part of Monsanto's activities. See "Operating Unit Segment Data" on page 33 of the 1994 Annual Report, incorporated herein by reference.
ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS
Monsanto is subject to various laws and government regulations concerning environmental matters, employee safety and employee health in the United States and other countries. It is anticipated that increasingly stringent requirements will be imposed upon Monsanto, its competitors and industry in general. U.S. federal environmental legislation having particular impact on Monsanto includes the Toxic Substances Control Act; the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act; the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act; the Clean Air Act; the Clean Water Act; the Safe Drinking Water Act; and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act ("CERCLA," commonly known as "Superfund"), as amended by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act ("SARA"). Monsanto is also subject to the Occupational Safety and Health Act and regulations of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration ("OSHA") concerning employee safety and health matters. The Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA"), OSHA and other federal agencies have the authority to promulgate regulations which have an impact on Monsanto's operations. In addition to these federal activities, various states have been delegated certain authority under the aforementioned federal statutes. Many state and local governments have adopted environmental and employee safety and health laws and regulations, some of which are similar to federal requirements. State and federal authorities may seek fines and penalties for violation of these laws and regulations.
Monsanto is dedicated to a long-term environmental protection program that reduces emissions of hazardous materials into the environment, as well as to the remediation of identified existing environmental concerns. In 1988, management committed to a 90 percent reduction in toxic air emissions from worldwide operations by the end of 1992, including emissions reportable in the U.S. under Title III of SARA. Monsanto achieved its goal, based on 1992 year-end operating rates. The cost to accomplish this target did not materially affect operating results. In fact, some of the target capital projects lowered operating costs and improved operating efficiency.
Expenditures in 1994 were approximately $47 million for environmental capital projects and approximately $202 million for management of environmental programs, including the operation and maintenance of facilities for environmental control. Monsanto estimates that during 1995 and 1996 approximately $35 million-$45 million per year will be spent on additional capital projects for environmental protection.
Monsanto periodically receives notices from the EPA that it is a potentially responsible party ("PRP") under Superfund. The EPA has designated Monsanto as a PRP at 92 Superfund sites. Monsanto has resolved disputes, entered partial consent decrees, and executed administrative orders between Monsanto and the EPA in 47 of these cases, settling a portion or all of Monsanto's liability for these Superfund cases. Six other matters involve sites where allegations are predicated on tentative findings of reuse of drums by others that once contained products sold by Monsanto. These six matters have been inactive as to Monsanto for at least ten years. At one other site, Monsanto has determined that it has no liability whatsoever.
Monsanto's policy is to accrue costs for remediation of waste disposal sites in the accounting period in which the responsibility is established and the cost is estimable. Monsanto's estimates of its liabilities for Superfund sites are based on evaluations of currently available facts with respect to each individual site and take into consideration factors such as existing technology, presently enacted laws and regulations, and prior experience in remediation of contaminated sites. Monsanto does not discount these liabilities, and they have not been reduced for any claims for recoveries from insurance or from third parties. However, Monsanto is engaged in litigation with some of its insurance carriers regarding both the applicability and the amount of its coverage responsive to claims for damages at these sites. Monsanto has an accrued liability of $72 million as of December 31, 1994, for Superfund sites. As assessments and remediation activities progress at individual sites, these liabilities are reviewed periodically and adjusted to reflect additional technical, engineering and legal information that becomes available. Major sites in this category include the noncompany-owned Brio, Fike/Artel, MOTCO and Woburn sites, which account for $54 million of the accrued amount.
Monsanto's estimate of its Superfund liability is affected by several uncertainties such as, but not limited to, the method and extent of remediation, the percentage of material attributable to Monsanto at the sites relative to that attributable to other parties, and the financial capabilities of the other PRPs at most sites. Due to these uncertainties, primarily related to the method and extent of remediation, potential future expenses could be as much as $25 million for these sites. These potential future expenses may be incurred over the balance of the decade.
There are various other lawsuits, claims and proceedings that state agencies and others have asserted against the Company seeking remediation of alleged environmental impairments. Monsanto is in the process of determining its involvement, if any, at 41 of these sites. Monsanto has an accrued liability of $108 million as of December 31, 1994, for these matters and for environmental reserves at certain former Monsanto plant sites. The Company's estimate of its liability related to these sites is affected by several uncertainties such as, but not limited to, the extent of Monsanto's involvement, and the method and extent of remediation. Due to these uncertainties, potential future expenses could be as much as $75 million for these sites. Four sites in this category account for $58 million of the accrued amount and for approximately $55 million of the potential future expenses.
Monsanto spent $52 million in 1994 for remediation of Superfund and other waste disposal sites. Most of these expenditures related to The Chemical Group, and similar or greater amounts can be expected in future years.
For hazardous and other waste facilities at operating locations, Monsanto recognizes post-closure environmental costs and remediation costs over the estimated remaining useful life of the related facilities, not to exceed 20 years. Monsanto spent $13 million in 1994 for remediation of these facilities and has an accrued liability of $27 million as of December 31, 1994, for these sites. Uncertainties related to these costs are evolving government regulations, the method and extent of remediation, and future changes in technology. Monsanto's estimated closure costs for these facilities are approximately $135 million.
While the ultimate costs and results of remediation of waste disposal sites cannot be predicted with certainty, Monsanto's liquidity, financial position and profitability are not expected to be materially affected.
EMPLOYEE RELATIONS
As of December 31, 1994, Monsanto had approximately 29,000 employees worldwide. Satisfactory relations have prevailed between Monsanto and its employees.
INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS
Monsanto and affiliated companies are engaged in manufacturing, sales and/or research and development in the United States, Europe, Canada, Latin America, Australia, Asia and Africa. A large number of products are manufactured abroad. Ex-U.S. operations are subject to a number of potential risks and limitations, including: fluctuations in currency values; exchange control regulations; approvals of therapeutic claims and pricing for pharmaceutical and other products; employment regulations; import and trade restrictions, including embargoes; governmental instability, civil disorders, civil wars and other hostilities; and other potentially detrimental domestic and foreign governmental practices or policies affecting U.S. companies doing business abroad. See "Geographic Data" on page 40 of the 1994 Annual Report, incorporated herein by reference.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Because of the size and nature of its business, Monsanto is a party to numerous legal proceedings. Most of these proceedings have arisen in the ordinary course of business and involve claims for money damages. While the results of litigation cannot be predicted with certainty, Monsanto does not believe these matters or their ultimate disposition will have a material adverse effect on Monsanto's financial position.
The Company was named as a defendant in a lawsuit filed in United States District Court, Southern District of Texas, Houston Division on December 3, 1991 by IT Corporation (IT), a remediation contractor at the MOTCO site, an 11 acre waste site in La Marque, Texas. IT sought compensatory and punitive damages for alleged breach of contract, negligent misrepresentation and fraud relating to conditions at the site. On April 20, 1994, a jury returned a verdict in IT's favor on all claims, and awarded IT $52.8 million in compensatory damages, $28.6 million in punitive damages and $2.6 million in attorneys' fees. On December 13, 1994, the federal trial judge set aside the jury's findings of fraud and negligent misrepresentation but upheld the finding of breach of contract. The court set aside the punitive damage award and reduced the amount of compensatory damages to $43.8 million. On January 26, 1995, the trial judge issued a memorandum confirming that prejudgment interest would be awarded to IT and specifying the manner in which the amount of such interest should be calculated. Based upon that memorandum, it is not likely that such interest will exceed approximately $21 million. No judgment has yet been entered. The Company believes based on the advice of counsel that it has meritorious defenses to IT's claims, including that the Company and the Trust did not breach the contract with IT; that IT bore the risk that the conditions at the site were different from the conditions set forth in the site remedial investigations; that IT had the opportunity to, and in fact did, investigate site conditions, and that IT represented that it was familiar with site conditions when it submitted its bid on the contract. The Company will appeal the judgment when it is entered and will continue to defend this matter vigorously. No provision for loss has been made in the Company's consolidated financial statements.
On April 12, 1985, the Company was named as a defendant in the first of a number of lawsuits in which plaintiffs claim injuries resulting from alleged exposure to substances present at or emanating from the Brio Superfund site near Houston, Texas. The Company is one of a number of companies that had sold materials to the chemical reprocessor at that site. Currently pending against the Company are the following matters: (a) The Company is one of a number of defendants in 10 cases brought in Harris County District Court on behalf of 863 plaintiffs who owned homes or lived in the Southbend or Sageglen subdivisions, attended school in the Southbend subdivision, or used nearby recreational baseball fields. Plaintiffs claim to have suffered various personal injuries and fear future disease; the need for medical monitoring; and, in the case of the homeowners, property damage. In addition to their claims of personal injury, seven plaintiffs in one of these cases allege business losses. Plaintiffs seek compensatory and punitive damages in an unspecified amount. (b) The Company is one of a number of defendants in two additional actions brought in Harris County District Court by 408 plaintiffs, who are former employees of the owners/operators of the Brio site, and members of the employees' families or persons who worked near the Brio site. Plaintiffs claim physical and emotional injury and seek compensatory and punitive damages in an unspecified amount. The Company believes that it has meritorious defenses to all of these lawsuits including lack of proximate cause, lack of negligent or other improper conduct on the part of the Company, and negligence of plaintiffs (or their parents) and/or of builders and developers of the Southbend subdivision. The Company is vigorously defending these actions.
In 1974, Searle introduced in the United States an intrauterine contraceptive product, commonly referred to as an intrauterine device ("IUD"), under the name Cu-7(R). Following extensive testing by Searle and review by the FDA, the Cu-7 was approved for sale as a prescription drug. Searle has been named a defendant in a number of product liability lawsuits alleging that the Cu-7 caused personal injury resulting from pelvic inflammatory disease, perforation, pregnancy or ectopic pregnancy. As of March 1, 1995, there were approximately 68 cases pending in various U.S. state and federal courts and approximately 346 cases filed outside the United States (the vast majority in Australia). The lawsuits seek damages in varying amounts, including compensatory and punitive damages, with most suits seeking at least $50,000 in damages. Searle believes it has meritorious defenses and is vigorously defending each of these lawsuits. On January 31, 1986, Searle voluntarily discontinued the sale of the Cu-7 in the United States, citing the cost of defending such litigation.
On September 30, 1994, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA") issued an administrative Complaint and Proposed Compliance Order alleging violations by the Company of certain sections of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. The alleged violations relate to the disposal of certain wastes at the Company's facility in Addyston, Ohio. The EPA has proposed penalties in the amount of $555,900. The Company has denied the allegations and is vigorously defending itself in the proceedings.
The Company registered, on June 27, 1991, for the Compliance Audit Program ("CAP") administered by the EPA under the authority of Section 8(e) of the Toxic Substances Control Act ("TSCA"). It has been reported that over 120 companies in the United States registered for the CAP. The CAP requires registrants to audit health and environmental effect information in order to determine whether information in the registrant's possession is reportable to the EPA under TSCA Section 8(e). A registrant's liability, under the CAP, for late reporting of information under TSCA 8(e), will be assessed on the basis of a set amount per study submitted with the total liability not to exceed $1,000,000. The Company voluntarily entered into a similar Consent Agreement with the EPA before the CAP, and under that Agreement performed a more limited audit than is required by the CAP and paid a settlement of $648,000. This settlement amount has been credited to the Company under the CAP. It has now been determined that the Company's remaining liability under the CAP will be $352,000.
RISK MANAGEMENT
Monsanto continually evaluates risk retention and insurance levels for product liability, property damage and other potential areas of risk. Monsanto devotes significant effort to maintaining and improving safety and internal control programs, which reduce its exposure to certain risks. Based on the cost and availability of insurance and the likelihood of a loss, management determines the amount of insurance coverage to be purchased from unaffiliated companies and the appropriate amount of risk to retain. Since 1986, Monsanto's liability insurance has been on the "claims made" policy form. Management believes that the current levels of risk retention are consistent with those of other companies in the various industries in which Monsanto operates. There can be no assurance that Monsanto will not incur losses beyond the limits of, or outside the coverage of, its insurance. However, Monsanto's liquidity, financial position and profitability are not expected to be affected materially by the levels of risk retention that the Company accepts.
ITEM 2.



ITEM 2. PROPERTIES.
The General Offices of the Company are located on a 285-acre tract of land in St. Louis County, Missouri. The Company also owns a 210-acre tract in St. Louis County on which additional research facilities are located. Monsanto also has research laboratories and technical centers throughout the world. Information with respect to Monsanto's manufacturing locations worldwide and the industry segments which use such plants as of January 1, 1995, is set forth under "Business- Industry Segments; Principal Products" in Item 1 of this Report, which is incorporated herein by reference.
Monsanto's principal plants are suitable and adequate for their use. Utilization of these facilities may vary with seasonal, economic and other business conditions, but none of the principal plants is substantially idle. The facilities generally have sufficient capacity for existing needs and expected near-term growth. Most of these plants are owned in fee. However, the land at the Antwerp, Belgium plant is leased. In addition, a portion of a plant at Augusta, Georgia is currently leased with an option to purchase, pursuant to an industrial revenue bond financing. The Company has granted leases, with options to purchase, on approximately 366 acres of the 3,000 acres at the Alvin, Texas plant site. In limited instances, Monsanto has granted leases on portions of other plant sites not required for current operations.
ITEM 3.

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
For information concerning certain legal proceedings involving Monsanto, see "Business-Environmental Matters" and "Business-Legal Proceedings" contained in Item 1 of this Report.
ITEM 4.

ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS.
No matters were submitted to the security holders during the fourth quarter of 1994.
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT.
Information regarding executive officers is contained in Item 10 of Part III of this Report (General Instruction G) and is incorporated herein by reference.
PART II
ITEM 5.

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.
The narrative or tabular information regarding the market for the Company's common equity and related stockholder matters appearing under "Review of Cash Flow" on pages 45 through 47 and "Quarterly Data" on page 57 of the 1994 Annual Report is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 6.

ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA.
The tabular information under "Financial Summary-Operating Results, Earnings per Share and Year-End Financial Position" and the amounts of Dividends per Share, all appearing on page 58 of the 1994 Annual Report, are incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 7.

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATION.
The tabular and narrative information appearing under "Review of Consolidated Results of Operations" on pages 29 through 32, "Operating Unit Segment Data" on pages 33 through 39, "Review of Changes in Financial Position" on page 42, and "Review of Cash Flow" on pages 45 through 47 of the 1994 Annual Report is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 8.


ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.
The consolidated financial statements of Monsanto appearing on pages 28, 41, 43, 44 and 47 through 56; the Independent Auditors' Opinion appearing on page 27; and the tabular and narrative information appearing under "Quarterly Data" on page 57 of the 1994 Annual Report are incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 9.

ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.
None.
PART III
Mr. Mahoney will retire on March 31, 1995 and Mr. Shapiro will become Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of Monsanto Company, effective April 1, 1995. Dr. Gilgore will retire on April 26, 1995 and Mr. De Schutter will become Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of G. D. Searle & Co. Otherwise, the above-listed individuals are elected to the offices set opposite their names to hold office until their successors are duly elected and have qualified, or until their earlier death, resignation or removal.
ITEM 11.




ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION.
Information appearing under "Directors' Fees and Other Arrangements" on pages 8 and 9 and under "Executive Compensation" on pages 13 through "Certain Agreements" on page 18 of the 1995 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 12.

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT.
Information appearing under "Stock Ownership of Management and Certain Beneficial Owners" on pages 5 and 6 of the 1995 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 13.

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS.
None.
PART IV
ITEM 14.

ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K.
(a) Documents filed as part of this Report:
1. The financial statements set forth at pages 28, 41, 43, 44 and 47 through 58 of the 1994 Annual Report (See Exhibit 13 under Paragraph (a)3 of this Item 14)
2. Financial Statement Schedules
The following supplemental schedule for the years ended December 31, 1994, 1993 and 1992:
V--Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
All other supplemental schedules are omitted because of the absence of the conditions under which they are required.
3. Exhibits--See the Exhibit Index beginning at page 19 of this Report. For a listing of all management contracts and compensatory plans or arrangements required to be filed as exhibits to this Form 10-K, see the Exhibits listed under Exhibit Nos. 10.1 through 10.32 on pages 19 through 22 of the Exhibit Index, all of which were previously filed. The following Exhibits listed in the Exhibit Index are filed with this Report:
13 The Company's 1994 Annual Report to shareowners
21 Subsidiaries of the registrant (See page 23)
23 1. Consent of Independent Auditors (See page 24)
2. Consent of Company Counsel (See page 24)
24 1. Powers of attorney submitted by Joan T. Bok, Robert M. Heyssel, Robert B. Hoffman, Gwendolyn S. King, Philip Leder, Howard M. Love, Richard J. Mahoney, Frank A. Metz, Jr., Buck Mickel, Jacobus F.M. Peters, Nicholas L. Reding, John S. Reed, William D. Ruckels- haus, Bruce R. Sents, Robert B. Shapiro and John B. Slaughter.
2. Certified copy of Board resolution authorizing Form 10-K filing utilizing powers of attorney
27 Financial Data Schedule (part of electronic submission only)
99 Computation of the Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges for Monsanto Company and Subsidiaries (See page 25)
(b) Reports on Form 8-K during the quarter ended December 31, 1994:
No reports on Form 8-K were filed by the Company during the quarter ended December 31, 1994.
OPINION OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
Monsanto Company:
We have audited the statement of consolidated financial position of Monsanto Company and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 1994 and 1993 and the related statements of consolidated income, shareowners' equity and cash flow for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1994 and have issued our opinion thereon dated February 24, 1995; such financial statements and opinion are included in your 1994 Annual Report to shareowners and are incorporated herein by reference. Our audits also comprehended the schedule of Monsanto Company and Subsidiaries, listed in Item 14(a)2. This schedule is the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion based on our audits. In our opinion, such schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information shown therein.
DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Saint Louis, Missouri February 24, 1995
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
MONSANTO COMPANY ................................................ (Registrant)
By BRUCE R. SENTS ............................................. Bruce R. Sents Vice President and Controller (Principal Accounting Officer)
Date: March 17, 1995
APPENDIX
Throughout the printed Form 10-K, trademarks are initially designated on each page by the superscript letter "R" in a circle or by the superscript letters "TM."