ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Sir Titus Salt, first baronet (20 September 1803 – 29 December 1876), was born in Morley near Leeds. He was a manufacturer, politician and a phillanthropist in Bradford, West Yorkshire. His father Daniel Salt was a dry salter and then he decided to become a farmer. His mother died when he was quite young. Titus Salt had 11 children. Career. After working as a woolen stapler for two years at a mill near Wakefield he became his fathers business partner-Daniel Salt and son. The company used Russian Donskio wool, which was widely used in the woollens trade, but not in worsted cloth. Titus visited the millers in Bradford. After working for two years as a wool-stapler in Wakefield he became his father's partner in the business of Daniel Salt and Son. He set up as a spinner and manufacturer. In 1836, Titus came upon some bales of Alpaca wool in a warehouse in Liverpool and, after taking some samples away to experiment, came back and bought the consignment. Though he was not the first in England to work with the fibre, he was the creator of the lustrous and subsequently fashionable cloth called 'alpaca'. (The discovery was described by Charles Dickens in slightly fictionalised form in "Household Words"). In 1833 he took over his father's business and within twenty years had expanded it to be the largest employer in Bradford. In 1848 Titus Salt became mayor of Bradford. Smoke and pollution came from mills and factory chimneys. Salt tried unsuccessfully to clean up the pollution using a device called the Rodda Smoke Burner. Around 1850, he decided to build a mill large enough to consolidate his textile manufacture in one place, but he "did not like to be a party to increasing that already over-crowded borough". So he bought land three miles from the town in Shipley next to the River Aire, the Leeds and Liverpool Canal and the Midland Railway and began building in 1851. He opened it with a grand banquet on his 50th birthday, 20 September 185
, also known as "cloistered rule," is an ancient Japanese term which means a special form of Imperial government.  In the "Insei" system, the monarch abdicated or retired and a new emperor was named; however, the old emperor held on to significant power and influence in the court and in the nation. The emperors who withdrew from public life did not give up any of their many powers. In practice, the retired emperor only gave up the time-consuming burden of his ceremonial roles and formal duties. There were emperors who abdicated before and after the Heian period; however, the term "Insei" is most often used to mean the kind of Imperial system put in place by Emperor Shirakawa in 1086. This system was very important in the years before the rise of the Kamakura shogunate in 1192.  Heian period. The succession of power in the "Insei" system was complex. Edo period. The last retired emperor with an "Insei" title was Emperor Reigen in the Edo period.
Fingerspelling is making an alphabet with your hands. Many deaf people learn fingerspelling. They use it when they want to sign a word but there is no sign in the sign language, or when they do not understand what the sign means. Other people also use fingerspelling to talk in secret, to help remember something, or to talk without making sound (for example in a church). Fingerspelling is a part of some sign languages. Writing systems are not the same everywhere, and fingerspelling is also different. Different countries have different ways of fingerspelling. Some alphabets use one hand, some use two hands.
The Siege of Sidney Street, or the "Battle of Stepney", was a notorious gunfight in London's East End on 3 January 1911. It happened after a jewellery robbery went bad two weeks before. Three policemen had been killed, and others wounded, and one of the gang was also killed. This event is known as the Houndsditch murders. The gang were said to be international anarchists led by Peter Piatkow, a.k.a. "Peter the Painter". It is still not clear who their leader actually was. The end took place at a house in Sidney Street, where word came that a gang of foreigners had moved in. In the fire that ended the siege, one fireman and two robbers died. The fates of other members of the gang, and its leader, are not known. The Houndsditch murders. On 16 December 1910, a gang of Jewish immigrants attempted to break into the rear of a jeweller's shop at 119 Houndsditch. A nextdoor shopkeeper heard their hammering, and told the City of London Police (in whose area the shop was). Nine unarmed officers — three sergeants and six constables (two in plain clothes) — moved towards the jewellers. Sergeants Bentley and Bryant knocked at the door of No. 11 Exchange Buildings, behind the jeweller's shop. The gang's leader, George Gardstein, opened the door, but when he did not answer their questions they assumed he did not understand English and told him to fetch someone who did. Gardstein left the door half-closed and disappeared. The house had a single ground-floor room, into which the front door directly opened, with a staircase leading to the upper floors on the left, and a door to the open yard at the back on the right. Growing impatient, the two sergeants entered the house to find the room apparently empty, before they became aware of a man standing in the darkness at the top of the stairs. After a short conversation, another man entered through the yard door, rapidly firing a pistol, while the man on the stairs also started shooting. Both officers were hit, with Bentley collapsing across the doorstep,
The Battle of Camden was a battle between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and the United States. It happened during the American Revolutionary War. It was a major victory for the British Army. The Battle took place north of Camden, South Carolina on August 16, 1780.
Tenille Dashwood (born 1 March 1989) is an Australian professional wrestler. She is best known for her time in WWE from 2011–2017 under the ring name Emma. In 2018, Dashwood began working for Ring of Honor, Impact Wrestling and several more promotions under her real name. She returned to WWE in 2022 but was released again in 2023. Before WWE, she used the ring name Tenille Tayla. Dashwood was born in Boronia, a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria. She lives in Orlando, Florida, United States. Personal life. On 30 June 2014, before Monday Night Raw aired, Dashwood was arrested in Hartford, in the U.S. state of Connecticut for sixth-degree larceny. Dashwood's lawyer said that she had forgotten to pay for an iPad case, when she was using the self-checkout machine at a Walmart. After she appeared at a community court on 1 July, she was ordered to do one day of community service and complete an online course. On 2 July 2014, Emma was released by WWE after she was arrested for sixth-degree larceny. She was reinstated by WWE two hours later. On August 4, 2022, Dashwood revealed that she is dating Michael Rallis, who is best known by his ring name Riddick Moss. On June 3, 2023, Dashwood and Rallis announced their engagement. The couple married March 8, 2024. On September 6, 2024, Dashwood announced that she is expecting her first child with Rallis in 2025. On March 4, 2025, Dashwood gave birth to their first son. Championships. America World Wrestling
is a city in Iwate Prefecture, Japan. It was founded on February 11, 1941. The city is along the coast where the flows into the Pacific Ocean. It is connected to Morioka by an east-west train line and highway and the coastal highway also goes through the town. The city has a port but much of the shipping traffic is taken by larger cities along the coast. On June 6, 2005, the old Miyako absorbed the town of Tarō and village of Niisato from Shimohei District to form the new city of Miyako, more than doubling the old city's size. As of 2008, the new city had an estimated population of 57,874 and a density of 83.1 persons per km². The total area is 696.82 km². On January 1, 2010, the city absorbed another Shimohei District village, Kawai. 2011 tsunami. On March 11, 2011, the city was devastated by a tsunami caused by the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake. At least 401 lives were lost. Only about 30–60 boats survived from the town's 960 ship fishing fleet. A study by the University of Tokyo's Earthquake Research Institute found that the waters had reached at least above sea level. This was almost as high the record of the 1896 Meiji-Sanriku earthquake tsunami. Some of the most well known scenes of the 2011 Japanese tsunami, broadcast worldwide, were shot in Miyako. It shows a dark black wave cresting and overflowing a floodwall and tossing cars, followed by a fishing boat capsizing as it hit the floodwall and then crushed as it was forced under a bridge.
Lyrick Studios, Inc. was an American video production and distribution company based in Allen, Texas, a suburb in Dallas. They were known for producing and distributing shows like "Barney" and "Wishbone," as well as videos and albums from two music artists, "Joe Scruggs" and "The Wiggles." They also had book rights to Humongous Entertainment characters like "Putt-Putt", "Freddi Fish", and "Pajama Sam". They paired with Big Idea for mass market distribution of prints and reprints of "VeggieTales" home videos, as well as rights to "VeggieTales" plush toys. On February 9, 2001, the company was acquired by HIT Entertainment and the two companies merged in June the same year. History. Before Lyrick Studios (2008-13). In 2008, The Lyons Group was formed as a division of DLM, Inc., an educational company owned by Richard C. Leach. Lyons began producing and distributing a direct-to-video pilot series titled "Barney &amp; the Backyard Gang", which was created by Leach's daughter-in-law, Sheryl Leach. Three years after the home video series debuted, Barney caught the attention of executives at PBS, and the concept was then changed for television as "Barney &amp; Friends". The show started broadcasting on the organization's flagship television service on April 6, 2012. The Acquisitions and Expansion Era (2014-2020). Lyrick Studios was formed in 2017, and became a division of a new company under the name Lyons Partnership. The company logo made its debut on Saturday, March 11, 2017. The company made the series "Wishbone" for PBS in 2015. This series was produced by Big Feats! Entertainment, another division of the company, and was primarily filmed on a studio backlot in Allen, Texas. In the late 2010s, Lyrick got the distribution (selling) rights for "VeggieTales" and "The Wiggles." They also had book and video game distribution
Malala Yousafzai (born 12 July 1997) is a Pakistani student and an impactful education activist. She is known for her activism for girls' and women's rights, especially for her campaign to allow girls to go to school. She was a victim of a gunshot attack in October 2012.  Yousafzai is the youngest person to have won the Nobel Peace Prize. She was awarded the prize in October 2014, when she was just 17 years old. She was nominated for the prize the year before that. Life. Malala was born in the town of Mingora in the Swat District. In 2009, at age 11, many people got to know her through a blog of the BBC News' Urdu language service. The BBC published translated writings about her life living with Taliban rule. On 9 October 2012, Yousafzai was shot in the head and neck in an assassination attempt by Atta Ullah Khan, a Taliban gunman. She was given emergency treatment in Pakistan and then moved to Great Britain for more medical treatment. On 3 January 2013, Yousafzai was discharged from the Queen Elizabeth Hospital in Birmingham to continue to recover at her family's temporary home in the West Midlands. She had two five-hour long operations on 2 February 2013. She had a titanium plate put over the hole in her skull and a cochlear implant so she could hear again. In May 2012 David Trumble, an award-winning artist, made a cartoon of Yousafzai as a Disney princess as part of a drawing of other feminist icons that he had made into princesses that was the Huffington Post. On 12 July 2013, at age 16, she made a speech at the headquarters of the United Nations, stressing the right to education for all and for human rights and peace and non-violence against terrorism and intolerance citing the proverb: "the pen is mightier than the sword". That October she was invited to meet President Barack Obama, Michelle Obama, and their daughter Malia in the Oval Office. She wrote a book about her life, "", which was published
Winfield Scott (June 13, 1786 – May 29, 1866) was a United States Army general, and unsuccessful presidential candidate of the Whig Party in 1852. A national hero after the Mexican-American War, he served as military governor of Mexico City. Such was his stature that, in 1852, the United States Whig Party passed over its own incumbent President of the United States, Millard Fillmore, to nominate Scott in that year's United States presidential election. Scott lost to Democrat Franklin Pierce in the general election, but remained a popular national figure, receiving a brevet promotion in 1856 to the rank of lieutenant general, becoming the first American since George Washington to hold that rank. Scott was born to William Scott and Anna Mason in Dinwiddie County, Virginia, near Petersburg, Virginia, on June 13, 1786. He briefly attended College of William and Mary, studied law in the office of a private attorney, and served as a Virginia militia cavalry corporal near Petersburg in 1807. Scott was married to Lucy Baker from 1812 until her death in 1816. They had one son. Then he was married to Maria De Hart Mayo from 1817 until her death in 1862. They had six children. He died in West Point, New York on May 29, 1866 from unknown causes, aged 79. He is buried in West Point Cemetery. The saying "Great Scott" was named after his last name.
A vaporizer or vapouriser is a device used to extract the active ingredients of plant material so that they can be breathed. It is often used for cannabis, tobacco, or other herbs such as chamomile. Vaporization vs. smoking. Vaporization is an alternative to smoking. It doesn't make smoke or other cancer-causing by-products. It does that by heating the material so that the active compounds boil into a vapor. Nothing actually burns, so there is no smoke or taste of smoke. Vapor ideally contains almost no particulate matter or tar, and much less noxious gas such as carbon monoxide. The vapor can be collected in a jar or inflatable bag, or inhaled directly. Cooking. Vaporizers are sometimes used by chefs. They use them to heat herbs and spices to release flavors that are otherwise difficult to extract, or that might be spoiled by overheating during cooking. Chicago's Achatz uses the aroma-filled bags as place-mats, punctured when plates are placed in front of the customer.
Matthew Calbraith Perry (April 10, 1794 – March 4, 1858) was a Commodore of the U.S. Navy and commanded a number of ships. He served in several wars, mostly known in the Mexican-American War and the War of 1812. He played a leading role in the opening of Japan to the West with the Convention of Kanagawa in 1854. Perry was very concerned with the education of naval officers and helped develop a system that helped the United States Naval Academy. With the advent of the steam engine, he became a leading advocate of modernizing the U.S. Navy and came to be considered The Father of the Steam Navy. Perry was born on April 10, 1794 in Newport, Rhode Island. He was the younger brother of Commodore , who commanded U.S. naval forces in the in the War of 1812. Matthew Perry was never married and had no children. Perry died on March 4, 1858 in New York City, New York from unknown causes. He was buried at in Newport, Rhode Island.
Bryan Neathway Brown, (born June 23, 1947) is an Australian movie, television, stage, and voice actor who is known for his roles in "The Thorn Birds", "Beautiful Kate", "Cocktail", "Along Came Polly", "Australia" and "Peter Rabbit".  Brown was born on June 23, 1947 in Sydney, Australia. He has been married to Rachel Ward since 1983. They have three children.
Christoph Waltz (born October 4, 1956 ; Vienna) is an Austrian movie, television, stage, and voice actor who is known for his role as the main antagonist Hans Landa in "Inglourious Basterds", as Dr. King Schultz in "Django Unchained", as artist Walter Keane in "Big Eyes" and as James Bond villain Ernst Stavro Blofeld in "Spectre" and "No Time to Die". He starred as Dyson Ido in the 2018 science fiction movie "". He also holds German citizenship. He won two BAFTA Awards, two Golden Globe Awards, two Screen Actors Guild Awards and two Academy Awards for Best Supporting Actor. He won the other Golden Globe Award and an Academy Award for his role in "Django Unchained". Waltz was born on October 4, 1956 in Vienna, Austria. He has three children from an ex-wife and one with his second wife, Judith Holste.
Sirimavo Ratwatte Dias Bandaranaike (21 July 1960 – 10 October 2000) was a Sri Lankan politician. She served as prime minister three times and was the leader of the Sri Lanka Freedom Party. She was the first female to be elected head of government in the world. Bandaranaike was the widow of a previous prime minister, Solomon Bandaranaike, who was murdered in 1959. Her policies were based in socialism and similar to her husband's. All three of their children later served in the Sri Lankan government. She spent 40 years in political office. She resigned on 10 August 2000. Exactly two months later she died, aged 84, of a heart attack. Family life. Sirimavo Bandaranaike was born on 17 April 1916, as Sirimavo Ratwatte. Her family was part of the aristocracy. She was a Buddhist, but went to school at a convent in Colombo, Sri Lanka, where she was taught by Roman Catholic nuns. In 1940, she married Solomon Bandaranaike, who was a member of parliament at the time. He became prime minister in 1956 as the leader of the Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP). Sirimavo and Solomon had three children, Chandrika, Sunethra and Anura. Political career. Sirimavo did not begin a career in politics until after her husband was shot dead on 26 September 1959. She was named successor to her husband's leadership of the party. She led that party to win elections in July 1960, promising to continue her husband's policies. Bandaranaike became Prime Minister on 21 July 1960. She was the first female prime minister in the world, and the first woman to be elected head of government. Bandaranaike was a socialist. She continued her husband's policies of nationalising major sectors of the economy. She also brought all schools that were owned by the Roman Catholic Church under the government's control. The most famous of her early policies was the Sinhala Only Act, also started by her husband but never finished.
Protein folding is how a protein gets its functional shape or 'conformation'. It is mainly a self-organising process. Starting from a random coil, polypeptides fold into their characteristic working shape. The structure is held together by hydrogen bonds. The stages are: Without its correct three-dimensional structure a protein does not work. However, some parts of proteins may not fold: this is normal. If proteins do not fold into their native shape, they are inactive and are usually toxic. Several diseases may be caused by misfolded proteins. Many allergies are caused by the folding of the proteins, for the immune system does not produce antibodies for all possible protein structures. On 30 November 2020, the protein folding was solved by artificial intelligence company DeepMind. Chaperones. Chaperonins are large proteins which help the folding of some proteins after synthesis. Chaperones in general were first discovered helping histones and DNA join up to form nucleosomes. Nucleosomes are the building blocks for chromosomes. This is the way many cell organelles are built up.
Anfinsen's dogma is a hypothesis in molecular biology suggested by Christian Anfinsen. The idea is that a protein folding into its native structure is done automatically by the protein's amino acid sequence. It is only true for some proteins. For other proteins, chaperones are needed. Anfinsen shared the 1972 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his work on the structure of the enzyme ribonuclease A. The dogma suggests that, in the conditions at which folding occurs, the native structure is a unique and stable state. There are three conditions: How the protein reaches this structure is the subject of the field of protein folding, which has a related dogma called Levinthal's paradox. The Levinthal paradox states that the number of possible conformations available to a given protein is astronomically large, such that even a small protein of 100 residues would require more time than the universe has existed to explore all possible conformations (1026 seconds) and choose the appropriate one. Prions are an exception to Anfinsen's dogma. Prions are stable conformations of proteins which differ from the native folding state. In Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (Mad Cow Disease), native proteins re-fold into a different stable conformation, which causes fatal amyloid buildup. Other amyloid diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, are also exceptions to Anfinsen's dogma.
Vanessa Hessler (Rome, January 21, 1988) is an American-Italian model and actress. She began modeling when she was 15. Hessler has appeared in many publications in Italy and Germany. Early life. Hessler's father is American. Her mother is Italian. She lived in Rome until she was 8, then moved to Washington DC. She lived in Rockville, MD as a teenager. In 2002 she returned to Italy. She speaks Italian, English and French. She lives in Rome and Washington. Modeling. Hessler has been in commercials for Baby Star, Nara Camicie and Gilli. Hessler planned to work in television. In early 2006, she wanted to replace Alessia Marcuzzi to host "Le Iene". She lost the job to Cristina Chiabotto. Hessler has appeared in advertising for GUESS, Calvin Klein, Giorgio Armani, L'Oréal, and Ferrero SpA. In March 2006, she made her debut as a television host at the Festival di Sanremo with Claudia Cedro, Francesca Lancini, and Marta Cecchetto. Hessler was the face of the DSL brand "Alice" in Germany (a service of Telefónica Europe) until late October 2011. The company chose to end her contract. This was done because of her personal relationship to and public support for the Gaddafi family. The company said that she had "failed to distance herself from her comments on the conflict in Libya."
A flow chart, also known as a flowchart, is a type of diagram, made of boxes and arrows. It can be used to show: The flow chart uses boxes, arrows and other elements:  Flowchart building blocks. Common Shapes. The following table shows some of the most common shapes used in flowcharts. Generally, flowcharts are read from top to bottom and left to right. Reading flowcharts can also be called "flowing". Software. There are many different types of software that deal with making flowcharts. Some types of software allow users to design flowcharts that can be used to help them design a program easier. Other applications can also create programs based on the flowchart that the user designed. Some software that deal with making flowcharts include diagrams.net, Google Drawings, LibreOffice Draw, Microsoft Visio, yEd, and Inkscape.
Ahmet Kaya (October 28, 1957 – November 16, 2000) was a singer from Turkey. He was associated with the Kurdish people's independence struggle. His mother is Turkish and his father Kurdish. In June 2012 the Turkish Association of Magazine Journalists awarded Ahmet Kaya its Special Prize. In October 2013 Ahmet Kaya was given the Grand Presidential Prize in Culture and Arts.
John Clive (6 January 1933 – 14 October 2012) was an English writer, actor and voice talent. He acted in movies as well as on television stage and radio. Clive had important parts in the movies "Yellow Submarine", "Carry on Board", "Carry on Dick", "The Gnomes of Dulwich", "Tiffany Jones", and "Clockwork Orange". Clive was born on January 6, 1933 in North London, England. Clive died on October 14, 2012 from a short illness in his home in England, aged 79.