ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Atchison is a city and county seat of Atchison County, Kansas, United States, and is along the Missouri River. As of the 2020 census, its population was 10,885. The city is named for David Rice Atchison, a United States senator from Missouri. It was the original eastern starting point of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. Aviator Amelia Earhart was born there. The Amelia Earhart Festival is held every year in July. Atchison is also home of Benedictine College, a Catholic liberal-arts college. History. Founding. Atchison was founded in 1854. It was named for Senator David Rice Atchison, who, when Kansas was opened for settlement, interested some of his friends in the scheme of forming a city in the new territory. Senator Atchison was interested in making sure that the population of the new Kansas Territory would be mainly pro-slavery. He had been a prominent promoter of both slavery and the idea of popular sovereignty over the issue in the new lands. However, it seems that all were not agreed upon the location he had selected. On July 20, 1854, Dr. John H. Stringfellow, Ira Norris, Leonidas Oldham, James B. Martin and Neal Owens left Platte City, Missouri, to decide definitely upon a site. They found a site that was the natural outlet of a remarkably rich agricultural region just open to settlement. Eighteen persons were present when the town company was formally organized by electing Peter T. Abell, president. James Burns was elected treasurer. Dr. Stringfellow was elected the town secretary. Civil War. At the outbreak of the American Civil War there were three militia companies organized in Atchison. They joined other Kansas regiments. They were known as Companies A, C and “At All Hazards”. Early in September 1861, a home guard was organized in the town to protect it in case of invasion from Missouri. On the 15th of the month another company was raised, which later became a state regiment. In 1863 the city of Atchison raised $4,000
Gadmen was a municipality in the administrative district Interlaken-Oberhasli in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. On 1 January 2014, the former municipality of Gadmen merged into the municipality of Innertkirchen.
The Eagle nebula is a young open cluster of stars in the constellation Serpens.  The nebula is catalogued as Messier 16 (M16), and as NGC 6611. It is also called the Star Queen nebula and The Spire. These last names refer to visual impressions of the dark patch near the center of the nebula. This is called the "Pillars of Creation". It was photographed by the Hubble Space Telescope. The nebula contains several active star-forming gas and dust regions, including the Pillars of Creation.
William Adams (24 September 1564 – 16 May 1620), was an English navigator. He was the first Englishman to visit Japan. He was born in Gillingham, Kent, England. William's father died when his at age 12. He apprenticed to a shipwright, and studied shipbuilding, astronomy, and navigation. He joined the Royal Navy during Anglo-Spanish War. He served in the Royal Navy under Sir Francis Drake. He became a pilot for the Barbary Company, a trading company established by Queen Elizabeth I of England. In 1598, Adams shipped as pilot major with a five-ship fleet. The fleet was owned by a company of Rotterdam merchants (Dutch East India Company). The fleet went from the isle of Texel, North Holland to the Eastern world.
The New England Emigrant Aid Company (est.1854), originally the Massachusetts Emigrant Aid Company, was a transportation company in Boston, Massachusetts. It was created to bring immigrants to the Kansas Territory. This was done to make sure Kansas would become a free state. The company was created by Eli Thayer, a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives, over a month before the Kansas-Nebraska Act was passed in 1854. This act allowed the population of Kansas Territory to choose for themselves whether or not slavery would be legal. The concept was called popular sovereignty. The company was chartered in Massachusetts and started with a capital of $5 million. Thayer's plan was to play on antislavery sentiment in the Northern United States. At the time there was a very delicate balance between slave states and free states. The Company send settlers to Kansas to buy land and build houses, shops and mills. The settlers could then sell the land at a significant profit and send the money back to Thayer and his investors. Because several investors found the idea of profiting from the antislavery cause unpleasant, the company's model was shifted to that of a benevolent society. The name was changed to the New England Emigrant Aid Company in 1855. The Company never made a profit or made a significant impact on the population of Kansas. But, it caused Border Ruffians from nearby Missouri, where slavery was legal, to move to Kansas in order to ensure its admission to the Union as a slave state. This in turn further galvanized Free-Staters and abolitionists to act. To protect the settlers they sent, the Company secretly sent armed men and Sharps rifles to Kansas. The rifles were sent in crates marked "books" and "Bibles". This played a part in what would become Bleeding Kansas.
The Territory of Kansas was a territory of the United States that existed from May 30, 1854, until January 29, 1861. This was when the eastern portion of the territory was admitted to the Union as the state of Kansas. The territory extended from the Missouri border west to the summit of the Rocky Mountains. North-south it ran from the 37th parallel north to the 40th parallel north. Much of the eastern region of what is now the State of Colorado was part of Kansas Territory. The western region of the former Kansas Territory, the Territory of Colorado, was created on February 28, 1861. Kansas–Nebraska Act. Kansas Territory was established by the Kansas–Nebraska Act. The Kansas–Nebraska Act became a law on May 30, 1854, establishing the Nebraska Territory and Kansas Territory. The Act repealed the Missouri Compromise of 1820 which marked a line of latitude to be the separation of free and slave states. The Kansas-Nebraska Act allowed the settlers of Kansas Territory to determine by popular sovereignty whether Kansas would be a free state or a slave state. The Act contained thirty-seven sections. The provisions relating to Kansas Territory formed the last eighteen sections. Some of the more notable sections were: ;Section 19 Defines the boundaries of the Territory, gives it the name of Kansas, and states that "when admitted as a State or States, the said Territory, or any portion of the same, shall be received into the Union with or without slavery, as their constitution may prescribe at the time of their admission." It further provides for its future division into two or more Territories, and the attaching of any portion thereof to any other State or Territory; and for the holding inviolable the rights of all Indian tribes until such time as they shall be extinguished (replaced) by treaty. ;Section 28 Declares the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 to be in full force in the Territory. ;Section 31 Locates the seat of government of the Territory, temporarily at Fort Leavenworth, and authorizes the use for public purposes of the governmentbuildings. ;Section 37 Declares all treaties, laws
Gerzensee is a municipality in the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. The town is named after its lake: Gerzensee.
Club de Regatas Vasco da Gama also known as Vasco da Gama or simply Vasco, is a Brazilian professional sports club based in Rio de Janeiro, in the neighborhood of São Cristovão. Although it competes in a number of different sports, Vasco is mostly known for its football team.
Central Italy ( or just ) is one of the five official statistical regions of Italy used by the National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT), a NUTS1 level region. Geography. Central Italy borders to the northwest with Liguria (Northwest Italy); to the northeast with San Marino and Emilia-Romagna (Northeast Italy); to the south with Abruzzo, Molise and Campania (South Italy). The Adriatic Sea is to the east and the Tyrrhenian Sea and the Ligurian Sea to the west. The Apennines are mountain ranges that go across Central Italy. The highest point, in the region, is Monte Vettore () that is high. The main rivers are the Arno and Tiber rivers. The largest lakes are Trasimeno, Bolsena and Bracciano. Regions. Central Italy encompasses four of the 20 regions of Italy, including 41 provinces and 985 comuniː As geographical region, however, Central Italy also includes the regions of Abruzzo and Molise, which are usually part of Southern Italy for historical reasonsː both were part of the southern Kingdom of the Two Sicilies The "comuni" with more than 100,000 persons living in them areː
The Chinese Football Association Super League (Chinese: "中国足球协会超级联赛"; Pinyin: "Zhōngguó Zúqiú Xiéhuì Chāojí Liánsài"; usually called Chinese Super League ("中超联赛") or CSL; and known as Ping An Chinese Football Association Super League for sponsorship reasons) is the highest tier of professional association football in China. It is controlled by the Chinese Football Association. The league was created in 2004 and replaced the "Chinese Football Association Jia-A League". Currently, 16 teams play in the league. The Chinese Super League has been won by 7 teams: Shanghai Shenhua, Shenzhen Jianlibao, Dalian Shide, Shandong Luneng, Changchun Yatai, Beijing Guoan, and Guangzhou Evergrande. History. In 1994, the Chinese Jia-A League became the country's first professional football league. People in the Chinese Football Association began to talk about creating a new league in late-2000. In 2002, the CFA made a decision to establish the Chinese Super League, which started in 2004. Results and statistics. Champions. The following table shows who won the league and when.
Ratna Rajya Lakshmi Devi Shah (born 19 August 1928) was Queen consort of Nepal from 1955 to 1972 and Queen Mother from 1972 to 2008 when the royal family were removed of all titles and privileges. She is the second wife of King Mahendra of Nepal (1920–1972). Queen Ratna belongs to the aristocratic Rana family. She is the daughter of late Honorary General Hari Shamsher Jang Bahadur Rana and his wife, Megha Kumari Rajya Lakshmi.
Helen Joanne "Jo" Cox (née Leadbeater; 22 June 1974 – 16 June 2016) was an English UK Labour Party politician. She was the Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency of Batley and Spen from her election in May 2015 until her assassination in June 2016. She won the seat with an increased majority for Labour in the 2015 general election. She also worked at humanitarian organisation Oxfam. Assassination. On 16 June 2016, Cox was shot and stabbed many times in Birstall, where she had been holding a small meeting with her constituents. Cox was left in critical condition and she died from her injuries about an hour later at the age of 41. A 52-year-old man was arrested after the attack.
Gilbert C. Bartosh, Sr. (May 21, 1930 – June 4, 2016) was an American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at the University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP) from 1974 to 1975, with a record of 6–28. He was born in Granger, Texas. He died in Liberty Hill, Texas, aged 86.
Sulabha (or Sulbha) Deshpande (; 1937 – 4 June 2016) was an Indian movie, theatre and television actress and theatre director. She was known for her roles in "Bhumika" (1977), "Arvind Desai Ki Ajeeb Dastaan" (1978) and "Gaman" (1978). Deshpande died on 4 June 2016 from a long-illness in Mumbai at the age of 78 or 79.
Antti Kalevi Hyry (20 October 1931 – 4 June 2016) was a Finnish writer. He won the Eino Leino Prize in 2005. For his 2009 book "Uuni" ("Oven"), Hyry won the Finlandia Prize, Finland's premier prize for literature. Hyry was born in Kuivaniemi. He is married to Maija Hyry. He died in Espoo, aged 84.
Lois Duncan Steinmetz (April 28, 1934 – June 15, 2016), known as Lois Duncan, was an American writer of children's books. She was best known for young-adult novels of suspense. She wrote two early novels under the pen name Lois Kerry. Duncan won the 1992 Margaret Edwards Award from the American Library Association for her contribution in writing for teens. On June 15, 2016, at the age of 82, Duncan died at home in South Sarasota, Florida from complications of a stroke.
Iron ores are rocks and minerals from which metallic iron can be got.  Ores with high quantities of hematite or magnetite (more than about 60% iron) are known as "natural ore" or "direct shipping ore". They can be fed directly into iron-making blast furnaces. Iron (Fe) is one of the most abundant rock-forming elements. It makes up about 5% of the Earth's crust. It is the second most abundant and widely distributed metal (Aluminium is the most common). People have used it for more than 3,000 years. However, its use only became widespread in the 14th century, when smelting furnaces (the forerunner of blast furnaces) began to replace forges. Iron is made in the runaway fusion and explosion of type Ia supernovae. It was picked up as the Sun moved through areas where supernovae had exploded. All higher elements on Earth have this origin. Iron is abundant on the ancient continents, but not so on island chains formed by volcanoes (Japan, Hawaii). That reflects the difference between the continental crust (which has many rare and common elements), and the island chains formed by volcanism (oceanic islands). They have basalt, and very little else. Islands which were once part of a supercontinent usually carry heavy element ore. The classic example is the British Isles, which are a snapped-off part of the large ancient continent, the Old Red Sandstone Continent (Larussia). Consequently, the British Isles has a very wide range of metallic ores, whereas Hawaii and the Japanese archopelago do not. The main source of ore for the steel used in modern Japan comes from Western Australia. Iron ores. The ores are usually rich in iron oxides and vary in colour from dark grey, bright yellow, deep purple, to rusty red.
Beijing Guoan F.C. (Chinese: 北京国安; Pinyin: "Běijīng Guó'ān") is a Chinese professional association football club based in the Chaoyang District of Beijing, China. The club currently plays in the Chinese Super League. Beijing Guoan also plays in the Workers' Stadium (which has a capacity of 66,161 people). The club was formed professionally on 29 December 1992 as the Beijing Football Club, and they have won many titles since. Honours. All-time honours list including semi-professional Beijing period. Winners: 2009 "Runners Up" (2): 2011, 2014 Winners (5): 1957, 1958, 1973, 1982, 1984 Winners (4): 1985, 1996, 1997, 2003, 2018 Winners (2): 1997, 2003
Shandong Luneng Taishan Football Club (Chinese: 山东鲁能泰山;Traditional Chinese: 山東魯能泰山; Pinyin: "Shāndōng Lǔnéng Tàishān") is a Chinese professional association football club based in Jinan, Shandong, China. The club currently plays in the Chinese Super League. Shandong Luneng Taishan also plays in the Jinan Olympic Sports Center Stadium (which has a seating capacity of 56,808 people). The club was formed professionally on 2 December 1993 and was previously called the Shandong Provincial team. The club has since won many domestic titles.
The 2015 Ping An Chinese Football Association Super League (Chinese: 2015中国平安中国足球协会超级联赛) was the 12th Chinese Super League season and was won by Guangzhou Evergrande Taobao. Table. Below shows the results of the tournament.
Graben, Switzerland is a municipality in the administrative district of Oberaargau in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. Villages. Baumgarten, Burach, Gsoll, Hubel, Kleinholz, Schörlishäusern, Schwendi and Stadönz.
Grafenried was a municipality in the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. On 1 January 2014, the former municipalities of Grafenried, Büren zum Hof, Etzelkofen, Limpach, Mülchi, Schalunen and Zauggenried merged into the municipality of Fraubrunnen.
Haute-Ajoie is a municipality in the district of Porrentruy in the canton of Jura in Switzerland. On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Chevenez, Damvant, Réclère and Roche-d'Or merged into the new municipality of Haute-Ajoie. On 1 January 2018, the former municipality of Rocourt merged into the municipality of Haute-Ajoie.
Silenen is a municipality in the canton of Uri in Switzerland. It has an area of . Villages. Amsteg, Bristen, Dägerlohn, Dörfli, Maderanerthal, Ried and Rusli.
Unterschächen is a municipality in the canton of Uri in Switzerland. It is in the upper Schächental. It has an area of . Villages. Urigen, Schwanden, Schwandenbergen, Brunni and Klausenpass.
Cyrus Kurtz Holliday (April 3, 1826 – March 29, 1900) was a prominent Kansas businessman who was part of the free-state movement during the period called Bleeding Kansas. Holliday was one of the founders of the city of Topeka, Kansas and was its first president. He was also the founder of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. He served in the Kansas Senate. Holliday was president of the Merchants National Bank and also the Excelsior Coke and Gas Company, both of Topeka. In 1890, he was the president of the Kansas State Historical Society. In 2012, Holliday was inducted into the Kansas State Hall of Fame. Early career. Holliday was born near Carlisle, Pennsylvania on April 3, 1826. His parents were David and Mary (Kennedy) Holliday. Holliday attended public school and in 1852 graduated from Allegheny College in Meadville, Pennsylvania. He intended to become a lawyer but instead became a businessman. Holliday made a considerable profit of $20,000 in a short-line railroad in Pennsylvania. Career in Kansas. Political. In 1854, when Kansas Territory was opened up for settlement, he became one of the first settlers. His wife, Mary Dillon Jones, remained behind in Pennsylvania until after the birth of their two children, Lillie and Charles. Holliday settled first at Lawrence, Kansas and became active in the Free State movement. Believing Kansas would become a free state, he and several business associates decided to establish the town of Topeka as the capital of the new state of Kansas. He was Topeka's delegate to the Wyandotte Constitutional Convention in July 1859. That same year he was elected to the first of several terms as mayor of Topeka. He helped found the Kansas Republican Party. Holliday was a member of both the territorial and state legislatures. Railroad. He obtained a charter for a new railroad to run from Atchison, Kansas to the state capital at Topeka in 1859. In 1863, Holliday decided to extend
Andeer () is a municipality in the district of Hinterrhein in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. On 1 January 2009 the former municipalities of Clugin and Pignia merged into the municipality of Andeer.
Grossaffoltern is a municipality in the administrative district of Seeland in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. Villages. Ammerzwil, Kaltenbrunnen, Kosthofen, Ottiswil, Suberg, Vorimholz and Weingarten.
"This Is What You Came For" is a song written and produced by Scottish DJ Calvin Harris. It features Rihanna. The song was released on May 1, 2016, via digital outlets. The song has reached number one in Canada and Australia, number two in the United Kingdom, and the top five in the United States. In the U.S., "This Is What You Came For" entered the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart at number nine. It later reached number three there and was certified triple-Platinum by the RIAA. The song is Rihanna's 28th top-ten song in the U.S. The song reached number 17 on the year-end Hot 100 of 2016 in the US. Harris' ex-girlfriend, American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift, co-wrote the song under the name Nils Sjöberg. BMI, which publishes a list of songwriting credits, changed the name to Swift's real name. Music video. The music video for the song was released at midnight (Eastern daylight time) on June 17, 2016. It shows Rihanna wearing a black ponytail and a large gray sweater. She dances inside of a white cube with changing backgrounds. The scenes of fields are similar to those that are in the music video for "We Found Love", which is also a collaboration between Rihanna and Harris. Some critics viewed the changing colors and cube background to be similar to the music video for Canadian rapper Drake's 2015 single "Hotline Bling". The music video won the award for Best Male Video at the 2016 MTV Video Music Awards on August 28, 2016.
Hotel for Dogs (1971) is a children's novel by Lois Duncan. It was made into a movie of the same name by DreamWorks Pictures. When the book was originally released in 1971, Andi's name was Liz, and Friday's name was Sadie. The book was re-released December 1, 2008, to promote the movie with the names changed. Two sequels were released: "News for Dogs" in 2009 and "Movie for Dogs" in 2010.
An exothermic reaction is a chemical reaction where the substances reacting release energy as heat. An example of this is combustion. Exothermic reactions transfer energy to the surroundings. The reaction that does the opposite (it absorbs heat) is an endothermic reaction. The energy is usually transferred as heat energy, causing the reaction mixture and its surroundings to become hotter. The temperature increase can be detected using a thermometer, and the thermal energy by a calorimeter. Some examples of exothermic reactions are:
A banana split is a type of dessert. It is made with ice cream, sliced bananas, and usually toppings. The toppings often include flavored sauces, whipped cream, nuts, and most notably a cherry on top of the dessert. One banana split has 893 calories. History. There are a few different stories about the first banana split. People in Chicago, Illinois; Cincinnati, Ohio; and Wilmington, Ohio say that the first banana split was made in their city. However, most people say that David "Doc" Strickler made the first banana split in the city of Latrobe, Pennsylvania in 1904. He sold the first banana splits for ten cents. Many students at St. Vincent College, a school in Latrobe, liked the banana splits and told their friends in other cities about them. After a few years, the banana split was popular in many cities in the United States.
Hawthorn Football Club, known as the "Hawks", is a team in the Australian Football League. They won four premierships in 2008, 2013, 2014 and 2015. Their home ground is the Melbourne Cricket Ground. The coach Alastair Clarkson, is a former student at Ballarat and Clarendon College. Club song. &lt;poem&gt; "We're a happy team at Hawthorn" "We're the Mighty Fighting Hawks." "We love our club and we play to win," "Riding the bumps with a grin at Hawthorn." "Come what may, you'll find us striving" "Team work is the thing that talks," "One for all and all for one" "Is the way we play at Hawthorn." "We are the Mighty Fighting Hawks." &lt;/poem&gt;
Andiast was a municipality of the district of Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. On 1 January 2018, the former municipalities of Andiast and Waltensburg/Vuorz merged into the municipality of Breil/Brigels.
Ardez () is a former municipality of the district of Inn in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. On 1 January 2015, the former municipalities of Ardez, Ftan, Guarda, Sent and Tarasp merged into the municipality of Scuol.
Arosa is a municipality and a ski resort in the district of Plessur in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Calfreisen, Castiel, Langwies, Lüen, Molinis, Peist and St. Peter-Pagig merged into the municipality of Arosa.
Arvigo was a municipality in the district of Moesa in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. On 1 January 2015 the former municipalities of Arvigo, Braggio, Cauco and Selma merged into the new municipality of Calanca.