ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
George Burba is a Science &amp; Strategy Fellow at LI-COR Biosciences, a Global Fellow at Robert B. Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute, and Graduate Adjunct Professor at University of Nebraska-Lincoln. He is a bio-atmospheric scientist, and a leading figure in micrometeorology, ecosystem gas and energy exchange, and the measurements of turbulent transport of greenhouse and other gases, water vapor and energy within atmospheric boundary layer, canopy and soil layers, and an author of the multiple books and other publications on the subject. Burba is an expert on the in-situ measurement methods: an author of instrument surface heating concept, related equations known as “Burba corrections”, and an inventor of the two types of gas analyzers known as “enclosed-path” and “semi-open-path”, and an inventor of methods for computing gas fluxes from the open-path high-speed laser-based analyzers and from the multiple types of low-speed gas analyzers. He is an elected Senior Member of the National Academy of Inventors. Education. Burba was educated at Lomonosov Moscow State University and University of Nebraska where he received a PhD in 2005 in Bio-Atmospheric Sciences for the study of water, light and energy transport in the ecosystems, supervised by Shashi Verma. Career and research. After his PhD, Burba worked as a graduate faculty at the University of Nebraska and as a scientist at the LI-COR Biosciences. In 2016, he was appointed Global Fellow at Robert B. Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute, and in 2017, he was appointed to the position of [ Science Fellow] at LI-COR Biosciences. Personal life. George Burba is a son of George A. Burba and a grandson of Aleksandr A. Burba.
Manuela Pinto Vieira d'Ávila (born 18 August 1981) is a Brazilian journalist and politician. She is a member of the Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB) since 2001. She was federal deputy from Rio Grande do Sul between 2007 and 2015 and leader of her party in the Chamber of Deputies in 2013.  During the Communist Party congress in November 2017, Manuela was launched as pre-candidate for President of Brazil in the 2018 election. She withdrew from the race an supported Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. On 11 September 2018, D'Ávila became the running mate of Fernando Haddad, who replaced Lula as candidate. They lost the election on 28 October 2018.
Medical Lake is a city in Spokane County, Washington. The population was 4,874 at the 2020 census. Medical Lake has a psychiatric hospital named Eastern State Hospital. History. The city of Medical Lake was founded in 1890. The city is named after a nearby lake. The Spokane Native American tribe which lived in the area for a long time, thought the water from the lake could heal sickness and injuries. White settlers who moved to the area in the 1870s, sold salts from the lake as medicine.
Lincoln's suspension of the Writ of Habeas Corpus. Since the end of the Civil War, historians have constantly reviewed Abraham Lincoln's suspension of the writ of habeas corpus. Habeas corpus is stated in Article 1, Section 9 of the constitution as follows: "the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in cases of rebellion and invasion the public safety may require it...", and is sometimes referred to in short as "the suspension clause."  The writ in essence requires that when arrested, a person has the right to be brought before a court or governmental judge to determine that there is a means to secure a person's release unless there are lawful grounds presented by the arresting authorities to justify detention of the accused. Lincoln's suspension of habeas corpus during the Civil War has been studied by historians from the time of the civil war and has not ceased until today with the subject of constitutional validity of the suspension. More specifically, the question of whether the power of suspension rests with the President or with Congress.
Åke Helge Ortmark (14 May 1929 – 18 October 2018) was a Swedish journalist, author and radio and television presenter. During a long career he worked for both television and radio. He was born in Stockholm. He started working at Sveriges Radio in 1958. Ortmark became the editor-in-chief of the weekly newspaper "Veckans Affärer" between 1974 and 1976. In 1997 he was the television presenter for his own interview show "O som i Ortmark" which was broadcast on TV8 until 2006. Ortmark died on 18 October 2018 in Stockholm of pneumonia at the age of 89.
Chappaquiddick (titled The Senator in the UK) is a 2017 American drama movie directed by John Curran, and written by Taylor Allen and Andrew Logan. The movie stars Jason Clarke as Massachusetts Senator Ted Kennedy and Kate Mara as Mary Jo Kopechne, with Ed Helms, Bruce Dern, Jim Gaffigan, Clancy Brown, and Olivia Thirlby.  The movie is about the 1969 Chappaquiddick incident in which Kennedy drove his car into Poucha Pond, killing Mary Jo Kopechne, the investigation into it and the Kennedy family's response. It was released in the United States on April 6, 2018, by Entertainment Studios. It received positive reviews from critics.
Bedford is a town in Westchester County, New York, USA. The population was 17,309 at the 2020 census. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which is land and , or 5.5%, is water. The town is bordered to the west by Mount Kisco and the town of New Castle.
New Castle is a town in Westchester County, New York, United States. The population was 18,311 at the 2020 census. New Castle has several locations on the National Register of Historic Places, including The Williams-DuBois House, Old Chappaqua Historic District, and Isaac Young House. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which is land and , or 1.50%, is water.
Lynching is a form of murder. It is normally by hanging. Lynching is often by a group of people as a form of punishment. In the United States, lynchings happened more often after the American Civil War in the early-to-mid 1860s. Although the number of lynchings went down in the 1920s, they have continued into the 21st century. Most, but not all, lynchings were of African American men in the South. Ninety-two women were lynched in the United States between 1882 and 1927. The lynchings of black people by white people happened in the Midwest and border states. There were also lynchings of Native Americans, Hispanics and Asian Americans in the West. White people were also lynched but these lynchings were less common.  According to the Tuskegee Institute, 4,743 people were lynched between 1882 and 1968 in the United States. This includes 3,446 African Americans and 1,297 whites. More than 73 percent of lynchings after the Civil War happened in the Southern states. According to the Equal Justice Initiative, 4,084 African-Americans were lynched between 1877 and 1950 in the South. Whites lynched blacks to defend white supremacy. Blacks were lynched for violating social norms, including segregation (the separation of whites and blacks), and the lower status of blacks. White acted together to lynch an individual black person. In the Deep South, lynching was also used to scare blacks away from voting. After the Civil War, nearly four million slaves in the South were made free. In some states and many counties, freed blacks made up over half the people who lived there. The first Ku Klux Klan was founded in 1866 by Confederate veterans in Tennessee. Ku Klux Klan groups were then founded by veterans throughout the South. They wanted to keep African Americans in fear, as they were before the war. This was when lynchings became common. In the 1890s, African American journalist and anti-lynching fighter Ida B. Wells was one of the first people to study
Anabolic steroids (anabolic-androgenic steroids) are steroidal androgenics. They include natural androgens such as testosterone and synthetic androgens. The synthetic androgens have similar chemical structure and similar effects to testosterone. The steroids increase protein within cells, mainly skeletal muscles. They cause the development and maintenance of male secondary sexual characteristics. They stimulate the growth of hair on the face and body. The word anabolic, in reference to anabolism, comes from the Greek word "anabole". That means: "That, which is thrown up, mound".  Androgens (or AAS) were synthesized in the 1930s. They are now used in medicine to bring on muscle growth and appetite. They also cause male puberty. AAS can also be used to treat chronic wasting conditions such as AIDS and cancer. Long term use of androgens can lead to or cause harmful health effects. These effects include harmful changes in cholesterol levels, acne, high blood pressure and liver damage. Use of androgens in sports, racing and bodybuilding as performance enhancing drugs is under controversy because of their adverse effects. There is also the chance to gain unfair advantage in physical competitions. The use of androgens in sports is called doping. Their use is banned by most major sporting bodies.
Wayne County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 9,697. Its county seat is Wayne. It was founded in 1870. Wayne County, like the City of Wayne, was named for the Revolutionary War hero General Anthony Wayne.
Guðmundur Þór Kárason (born 14 June 1974) is an Icelandic puppeteer and puppet designer, best known for his work on "LazyTown", as well as the voice of Ziggy. He was born in Reykjavík, Iceland. Starting in 2004, Guðmundur was one of the founders of LTS Garðbær Studios (also known as LazyTown Entertainment), puppet performer and voice of Ziggy in "LazyTown". In 2010, he was a photographer for the Eurovision Song Contest 2010. In 2011 he was the director and producer for the postcards and made the graphics for the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2011 in the Armenian capital Yerevan.
Epic (stylized as epic) is a 2013 American 3D computer-animated action-adventure movie loosely based on William Joyce's children's book "The Leaf Men" and the "Brave Good Bugs". It was produced by Blue Sky Studios, written by William Joyce, James V. Hart, Daniel Shere, Tom J. Astle and Matt Ember and directed by Chris Wedge, the director of "Ice Age" (2002) and "Robots" (2005). The movie stars the voices of Colin Farrell, Josh Hutcherson, Amanda Seyfried, Christoph Waltz, Aziz Ansari, Chris O'Dowd, Pitbull, Jason Sudeikis, Steven Tyler and Beyoncé Knowles. The film was released on May 24, 2013, by 20th Century Fox. Epic received mixed reviews from critics and earned $268 million on a $93 million budget.
Daniel "Danny" Leiner (May 13, 1961 – October 18, 2018) was an American movie director. His credits include "The Great New Wonderful", "Harold &amp; Kumar Go to White Castle", "Dude, Where's My Car?", "Layin' Low", and "Time Expired". Leiner also directed a wide range of television, including "Arrested Development", "Everwood", "Gilmore Girls", "Freaks and Geeks", "Sports Night", "Felicity", "Action", "The Tick", MTV's "Austin Stories" and HBO's "The Mind of the Married Man", "The Sopranos", and "How to Make It in America". He also directed an episode of "The Office" entitled "WUPHF.com." Early life. Leiner was born Daniel Leiner in Brooklyn, New York on May 13, 1961. Death. On October 18, 2018, Leiner died from lung cancer in Los Angeles, California at the age of 57.
, better known as , was a Japanese actor and voice actor. He was born in Ōhito, Shizuoka, Japan (now Izunokuni, Shizuoka). He was known for his roles in "The Demon", "Mr. Baseball" and "The X from Outer Space". Hozumi died on October 19, 2018 from gallbladder cancer, aged 87.
Brookings County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2020 census, 34,375 people lived there, making it the fifth-most populous county in South Dakota. Its county seat is Brookings. The county was created in 1862 and organized in 1871. Brookings County comprises the Brookings, SD Micropolitan Statistical Area. Communities. Townships. The county is divided into twenty-three townships:
Password is a television game show. It was hosted by Allen Ludden from October 2, 1961 to September 15, 1967 during daytime and was on primetime from January 2, 1962 to May 22, 1967 on CBS. A revival was made in 1971 and aired on ABC. The show spawned two revivals in 1979 and 1984 respectively, "Password Plus" and "Super Password". In 2022, NBC made a revival of the show produced by Jimmy Fallon and hosted by actor Keke Palmer. Game play. Two celebrities play with two civilians in two teams of two people each – a celebrity and a civilian. A "password" shown on the screen is given to the celebrities/civilians and they have to give the partners one-word clues to get it correctly. For example, if the password was "word", someone would give the clue "pass" and the civilian/celebrity would try to guess the password (e.g. "word"). If the password is guessed in one guess, they get 10 points. Each wrong guess removes a point (e.g. 1 wrong guess makes it 9, 2 wrong guesses makes it 8, etc.). Two word clues (e.g. "light sleeper") or "sounds" were not allowed, other wise a buzzer would sound and Allen Ludden would say "When you hear this sound it means your clue has not been accepted by our word authority (name of word authority)". The first person to get 25 points wins $250 and goes to the "Lightning Round" where they are given 60 seconds to guess 5 words worth $50. Each one correct will cost that amount and a second game is played where a new set of civilians comes in (Prior to November 1962, the civilians switched seats instead). At the end of the show, Allen Ludden would give a "password of the day" (e.g. "parties") and would make a sentence about the password (""Password" is a great game to play at "parties"") before signing off. The show was announced by Jack Clark and announced all the
Bazilije Stjepan Pandžić (30 January 1918 – 16 April 2019) was a Croatian historian, archivist and orientalist. He entered the Franciscan Order in 1935 and was became a priest in 1941. From 1947 to 1985, he was the general archivist and analyst of the Franciscan Order in Rome.  In 1958, he was named vice-president of the International Association of Church Archives. He turned 100 in January 2018.
Sir Lloyd George Geering (born 26 February 1918) is a New Zealand theologian. He faced charges of heresy in 1967 for his controversial views. He believes that Christian and Muslim fundamentalism to be "social evils". Geering is Emeritus Professor of Religious Studies at Victoria University of Wellington. He turned 100 in February 2018.
Harohalli Srinivasaiah Doreswamy (10 April 1918 – 26 May 2021) was an Indian activist and journalist. He turned 100 in April 2018. He was known for being an important figure in the Indian independence movement. He worked alongside Gandhi during the movement. He was born in Harohalli, Mysore State, British Indian Empire.  Doreswamy died on 26 May 2021 in Bangalore, Karnataka from cardiac arrest, aged 103.
Frank Popper (April 17, 1918 – July 12, 2020) was a French historian of art and technology. He was Professor Emeritus of Aesthetics and the Science of Art at the University of Paris VIII. He was author of the books: "Origins and Development of Kinetic Art", "Art, Action, and Participation", "Art of the Electronic Age" and "From Technological to Virtual Art".  He turned 100 in April 2018. Popper died on July 12, 2020 in Lugano, Switzerland at the age of 102.
Henrietta Boggs (May 6, 1918 – September 9, 2020) was a Costa Rican-American author, journalist, and activist. She was the first wife of José Figueres Ferrer and served as First Lady of Costa Rica from 1948 to 1949 in the years after the Costa Rican Civil War. She turned 100 in May 2018. She was born in Spartanburg, South Carolina. Boggs died at her home in Montgomery, Alabama on September 9, 2020 from COVID-19 at the age of 102.
Brenda Milner, (born July 15, 1918) is a British-Canadian neuropsychologist. Her work focused on the field of clinical neuropsychology, is sometimes known as "the founder of neuropsychology". Milner is a professor in the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery at McGill University and a professor of Psychology at the Montreal Neurological Institute. She turned 100 in July 2018.
Paul Caswell Powe Farnes, (16 July 1918 – 28 January 2020) was a Royal Air Force fighter pilot. He was born in Hampshire, England. He was a Second World War flying ace who flew during the Battle of Britain as one of "The Few", during which he scored 8 kills (comprising 7 and 2 shared destroyed, 2 'probables' and 11 damaged). Farnes died on 28 January 2020 in Hampshire at the age of 101.
Paul O'Brien (22 January 1954 – 16 October 2018) was a British chemist. He was professor of Inorganic Materials at the University of Manchester where he was head of the School of Chemistry from 2004 to 2009 and head of the School of Materials from 2011 to 2015.  O'Brien was made Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (CBE) in January 2016. He was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 2018. O'Brien died on 16 October 2018 at the age of 64. Education. O'Brien was awarded with a Bachelor of Science degree at Cardinal Langley Grammar School in Middleton, Greater Manchester and in 1978 the University of Liverpool and completed a PhD at University College, Cardiff. Award. O'Brien was appointed a Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2016. Also, in the 2016 New Year Honours for services to science and engineering, received the RSC Longstaff Prize and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering (FREng).
Leone Frollo (9 April 1931 – 17 October 2018) was an Italian comic book artist. He was known for his work in "Biancaneve". He was also known for his works in "Lucifera" and "Yra". He was born in Venice. Frollo died on 17 October 2018 at the age of 87.
was a Japanese organic chemist and marine biologist. He was Professor Emeritus at Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL) in Woods Hole, Massachusetts and Boston University School of Medicine. He was born in Kyoto. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2008 for the discovery and development of green fluorescent protein (GFP) with two American scientists: Martin Chalfie of Columbia University and Roger Tsien of the University of California-San Diego. Shimomura died on October 19, 2018 in Nagasaki at the age of 90.
Ilie Balaci (; 13 September 1956 – 21 October 2018) was a Romanian football midfielder and manager. He spent most of his professional career with Universitatea Craiova, appearing in more than 300 official games with the club and winning seven major titles. Balaci was thought as one of the greatest Romanian footballers of all time. Balaci played for the Romanian national team between 1974 and 1986. Death. Balaci died on 21 October 2018, while at his home in Craiova, Romania, at the age of 62 from a heart attack caused by a stroke.
Willy Wonka &amp; the Chocolate Factory is a 1971 American musical fantasy movie directed by Mel Stuart. It stars Gene Wilder as Willy Wonka and Jack Albertson as Grandpa Joe. It is a movie version of the 1964 novel "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory" by Roald Dahl. Filming took place in Munich in 1970. It was released by Paramount Pictures on June 30, 1971. The movie became highly popular in part through repeated television airings and home entertainment sales. In 1972, the movie received an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Score, and Wilder was nominated for a Golden Globe as Best Actor in a Musical or Comedy, but lost both awards. In 2014, the movie was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
Diana Sowle (June 19, 1930 – October 19, 2018) was an American actress. She was born in California. Sowle was known for her roles as Mrs. Hellen Bucket in the 1971 hit movie "Willy Wonka &amp; the Chocolate Factory" and as a variety of characters in the video game "Fallout 3". Her only other screen roles were in 1994, when she appeared in "Clear and Present Danger" and "Guarding Tess". Sowle died on October 19, 2018 at the age of 88.
Joachim Holmboe Rønneberg, DSO (30 August 1919 – 21 October 2018) was a Norwegian Army officer and broadcaster. He was known for his resistance work during World War II. He commanded Operation Gunnerside. Rønneberg reported for national service in 1938, being told to report for duty with the surveying department in 1940. Rønneberg died on 21 October 2018 at the age of 99.
The Curse of La Llorona is an American supernatural horror movie. It was directed by Michael Chaves. It was written by Mikki Daughtry and Tobias Iaconis. James Wan produced the movie. It stars Linda Cardellini, Raymond Cruz, Patricia Velásquez, Marisol Ramirez, Sean Patrick Thomas and Tony Amendola as Father Perez.  This movie is the sixth installment in "The Conjuring Universe". It is based on the Mexican folk tale La Llorona. The movie was released on April 19, 2019 by Warner Bros. Pictures and New Line Cinema.
Linda Edna Cardellini (born June 25, 1975) is an American actress. She is known for playing Lindsay Weir on "Freaks and Geeks" (1999–2000), Samantha Taggart on "ER" (2003–09), and Meg Rayburn on "Bloodline" (2015–17).  Cardellini is also known for her role as Velma Dinkley in the "Scooby-Doo" live-action movie series (2002–04). Cardellini's voice work includes CJ from "Regular Show", Wendy from "Gravity Falls", and Megan from "Sanjay and Craig".
Gary Mark Gilmore (December 4, 1940 – January 17, 1977) was an American criminal who gained international attention for demanding that his death sentence be carried out for two murders he committed in Utah. Due to a ruling by the Supreme Court of the United States, Gilmore was the first person executed in the United States after ten years during which no executions were carried out in the country. Gilmore is also the last person in the United States to request to be executed by firing squad and have their request granted (meaning the combination of the two; other people have requested to be executed by firing squad in the United States since then). Immediately before his execution, Gilmore observed the Last Rites with a Catholic priest; he had converted to the Catholic Church.
The Srebrenica massacre, also known as the Srebrenica genocide (), was the July 1995 genocide of 8,373 Bosniaks, mainly military-aged men and boys in and around the town of Srebrenica during the Bosnian War by the Army of Republika Srpska (the Serb Republic of Bosnia) instructed by Ratko Mladić. The Genocide is like the Armenian genocide by the Ottoman Empire from 1915 to 1917 and the Nazi Genocide known as the Holocaust from 1941 to 1945 during World War 2 in Nazi Germany (planned by the notorious Nazi SS Officer Reinhard Heydrich) . The Bosnian genocide from 1992 to 1995 during the Yugoslav Wars when the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia started to collapse in 1992 after 47 year's of Communism since 1945 and since the death of Josip Broz Tito in 1980 just 35 year's after Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes or the Kingdom of Yugoslavia became a Communist State . In 2005, Kofi Annan, then Secretary-General of the United Nations, described the genocide as the worst crime against humanity in Europe since the Second World War. In July 2015, Russia disliked a UN request that would have declare the Srebrenica massacre as a genocide. The Serbian Prime Minister at that time, Tomislav Nikolić, later thanked Russia for disliking said request, as it would paint Serbia up as a country of genocide. No further request by the UN has been attempted to declare it as a genocide since. but May 23, 2024, a date has been set as genocide commemoration day. July 11 is the International Day of Reflection and Commemoration of the 1995 Genocide in Srebrenica, established by the UN.