ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Zvi Zamir () (born Zvicka Zarzevsky; 3 March 1925 – 2 January 2024) was a Polish-born Israeli major general in the Israel Defense Forces. He was the director of the Mossad from 1968 to 1974. During his time as Mossad director, he oversaw the country's response to the Munich massacre and the Yom Kippur War. He was also a businessman and was CEO of BAZAN Group in the 1970s. Zamir was born in Łódź, Poland. He moved to the British Mandate of Palestine when he was seven months old. Zamir died on 2 January 2023 in Tel Aviv, Israel at the age of 98.
Lindsey Haun (born November 21, 1984) is an American actress, singer and director.
The Florida land boom of the 1920s was the first real estate bubble in Florida. It happened between 1924 to 1926. It attracted investors from all over the United States and around the world. It left behind new properties in Florida. Some of these properties were racially segregated for many years.  The main cities affected by this economic bubble were Miami Beach, Coral Gables, Hialeah, Miami Springs, Opa-locka, Miami Shores, and Hollywood, Florida. It also left behind failed projects such as Aladdin City, the original plan of Boca Raton, Chevelier, Fulford-by-the-Sea, Interocean City, Isola di Lolando, Okeelanta, Palm Beach Ocean, Poinciana, and Sun City.  The economic bubble made new cities. It ended in a financial collapse that ruined many investors and property owners. It made the local economy worse for many years after. Background and history. The economic growth in the 1920s, along with a lack of knowledge of weather conditions and bad building standards started it. People outside of the United States pictured Miami as a tropical paradise. More tourists began to visit Miami or immigrate to Miami.  By 1925, investors were beginning to read negative articles about Florida investments. "Forbes" magazine wrote that Florida land prices were based on no real land value. The Internal Revenue Service began to say that the economic bubble was as a big sham operation. In October 1925, the main railroad companies in Florida stopped sending many products to the state. Also in 1925, Florida began to pass laws to control real estate. One law was that salespeople had to have licenses and offices. This caused more demand for office spaces. The city's image as a tropical paradise began to crumble. In May 1926, the boom was about to end. The 1926 Miami hurricane ended the boom, and the 1928 Okeechobee hurricane completely stopped it.
Li Sigrid Andersson (born 13 May 1987) is a Finnish politician. She was the Minister of Education from 2019 to 2023. She has been the leader of the Left Alliance since 2016. She has been a Member of Parliament since 2015.  In September 2023, Andersson announced her candidacy for President of Finland in the 2024 election.
Jussi Kristian Halla-aho (; born 27 April 1971) is a Finnish politician. He is the Speaker of the Parliament of Finland since 2023. Halla-aho has served as a member of the Parliament of Finland from 2011 to 2014 and again since 2019. He was the leader of the Finns Party from 10 June 2017 to 14 August 2021.  Between 2014 and 2019, he was a member of the European Parliament. He is a candidate for President of Finland in the 2024 election.
Sari Miriam Essayah (born 21 February 1967) is a Finnish retired racewalker and a politician. She has been a member of the Parliament of Finland since 2015. She is the president of the Finnish Christian Democrats party. She is the Minister of Agriculture and Forestry since 2023. She competed in the 1992 Summer Olympics and the 1996 Summer Olympics, coming in 4th and 16th place respectively. In 2016, Essayah became a member of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), and she has been a member of the Ethics Committee, Finnish Athletics Association since 2014. Essayah ran for President of Finland in the 2012 election, coming in last place. She is running again in the 2024 election.
Presidential elections were held in Finland on 28 January 2024, and a second round was held on 11 February 2024. Voters elected the President of the Republic for a six-year term. Current President Sauli Niinistö is term-limited and cannot run for re-election since he has served the maximum two terms. Had the new president been elected in the first round on 28 January by winning more than half of valid votes cast, their term would have begun on 1 February. However, No candidate received a majority of votes. Alexander Stubb and Pekka Haavisto ran in a runoff on 11 February with Stubb winning 51.6% to Haavisto's 48.4%. The result in the second round was the closest in the history of presidential elections in Finland. Stubb will be inaugurated as president on 1 March.
Robert Watson Ferguson (born February 23, 1965) is an American lawyer and politician who has been the 24th Governor of Washington since 2025. He was the 18th attorney general of Washington from 2013 to 2025. He is a member of the Democratic Party.  In 2017, Ferguson was included on the annual "Time" 100 list of the most influential people in the world. In September 2023, Ferguson announced that he is a candidate for Governor of Washington in the 2024 election. He won the election in November 2024, defeating former U.S. Representative Dave Reichert. Ferguson is an internationally rated chess master. He has twice won the Washington State Chess Championship.
On 2 January 2024, Japan Airlines Flight 516 was involved in an accident when it collided with a Japan Coast Guard aircraft while landing at Haneda Airport in Tokyo. Both planes caught fire after the impact. On the Japan Airlines plane, all of the 379 people on board got out safely. The Japan Coast Guard plane had 6 people, but 5 of them died, leaving 1 survivor. In total, 380 people survived. This is the first major accident and hull loss of an Airbus A350. Aircraft and crew. The Japan Airlines plane involved was an Airbus A350-941, registration JA13XJ, made in 2021, with two Rolls-Royce engines. The Japan Coast Guard plane was a De Havilland Canada Dash 8, registered as JA722A. Accident. Japan Airlines Flight 516 left New Chitose Airport in Sapporo at 16:27 JST, and around 17:47, it collided with a Japan Coast Guard Dash 8 while landing at Haneda Airport. The Coast Guard plane was getting ready to deliver supplies to Niigata after the 2024 Noto earthquake.
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A circle of competence is the subject area that is a person or group's skills or expertise. The circle of competence can be determined by many factors, including their profession, spending habits, and the types of products they normally use.
The is the coast guard of Japan. The Japan Coast Guard has about 13,700 personnel and is responsible for the protection of the coastline of Japan. The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism is in charge of the coast guard. The Japan Coast Guard was founded in 1948. The motto of the Japan Coast Guard is .
Michael Christopher Johnston (born November 17, 1974) is an American educator and politician. He is the 46th and current mayor of Denver, Colorado since 2023. He is a member of the Democratic Party. Johnston was a member of the Colorado Senate from 2009 to 2017. He was a candidate for Governor of Colorado in 2018, losing in the primary to Jared Polis. He was also a candidate for the U.S. Senate in 2020, before withdrawing from the race in September 2019.
John Cooper (born October 15, 1956) is an American businessman who was the mayor of Nashville, Tennessee from 2019 to 2023. He is a member of the Democratic Party. He is the brother of former U.S. representative Jim Cooper, who represented Tennessee's 5th congressional district. On January 31, 2023, Cooper announced that he would not run for reelection in the 2023 Nashville mayoral election.
Frank Beall Ryan (July 12, 1936 – January 1, 2024) was an American professional football player. He was born in Fort Worth, Texas. He was a quarterback in the National Football League (NFL) for the Los Angeles Rams from 1958 to 1961, Cleveland Browns from 1962 to 1968 and Washington Redskins from 1969 to 1970.  Ryan was also a mathematician and was a faculty member at Case Western Reserve University from 1967 to 1974. Ryan died at a nursing home in Waterford, Connecticut on January 1, 2024 from problems caused by Alzheimer's disease, aged 87.
This is a list of tornadoes rated F5 on the Fujita scale, EF5 on the Enhanced Fujita scale, IF5 on the , or T10-T11 on the TORRO scale, which is equivalent to an F5 rating. These ratings (F5/EF5/IF5/T10/T11) are the highest possible ratings on the various global tornado intensity scales. These various scales attempt to estimate the strength of a tornado by classifying the damage caused to nature and man-made structures in the tornado's path. Tornadoes are among the most violent known meteorological phenomena. Each year, more than 2,000 tornadoes are recorded worldwide, with the majority occurring in North America and Europe. In order to assess the intensity of these events, meteorologist Ted Fujita created a way to estimate highest wind speeds within tornadic storms based on the damage caused; this became known as the Fujita scale. The scale ranks tornadoes from F0 to F5, with F0 being the least intense and F5 being the most intense. F5 tornadoes were estimated to have had maximum winds between 261-318 mph (420–512 kilometers per hour).  Following two particularly devastating tornadoes in 1997 and 1999, engineers questioned the reliability of the Fujita scale. Ultimately, a new scale was created that considered 28 different damage indicators; this became known as the Enhanced Fujita scale. The Enhanced Fujita scale is used almost entirely in North America. Most of Europe, however, uses the TORRO tornado intensity scale (TORRO scale or T-Scale), which ranks tornado intensity between T0 and T11; F5/EF5 tornadoes are about the same to T10 to T11 on the T-Scale. In the United States, between 1950 and January 31, 2007, a total of 50 tornadoes were officially rated F5, and since February 1, 2007, a total of nine tornadoes have been officially rated EF5. Since 1950, Canada has had one tornado officially rated an F5. Outside the United States and Canada, seven tornadoes have been
The European Severe Storms Laboratory (ESSL) is a scientific organisation that conducts research on severe convective storms, tornadoes, intense precipitation events, and avalanches across Europe and the Mediterranean. It operates the widely cited European Severe Weather Database (ESWD). ESSL is also responsible for leading the creation of the International Fujita scale in 2018 to replace the Fujita scale. History and purpose of the ESSL. The European Severe Storms Laboratory started as an informal network of European scientists with the goal to advance research on severe convective storms and extreme weather events on a European level. It was initiated in 2002 by Nikolai Dotzek and became a non-profit organization with charitable status in 2006. The ESSL focuses on research questions concerning convective storms and other extreme weather phenomena which can be treated more efficiently on a pan-European scale. It can be seen as roughly the European counterpart to the US's National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL). Some members of ESSL participate in the European Storm Forecast Experiment (ESTOFEX) which issues daily forecasts of severe convective storms. It can be seen as the operational counterpart to the US Storm Prediction Center (SPC) akin to ESSL being the research counterpart to NSSL, although both European organizations currently lack the institutional support enjoyed by the US organisations which are government entities. The purposes of the ESSL are:
Hastings Ndlovu (2 February 1961 – 16 June 1976) was a South African activist who was shot and killed during the 1976 Soweto uprising. Life and death. Ndlovu was 15 years old on the day of the uprising. He and other Black students protested against an official order making Afrikaans required in their schools and banning their local languages in these schools. On that morning, he led these students towards the bridge in Khumalo Street, where they met police from the Orlando Police Station led by Colonel Kleingeld. Kleingeld later claimed that he was "inciting the mob". There he was shot at, and he was actually the first to be shot according to police records. However, his death did not become as iconic as Hector Pieterson's because no photographer was present to record Ndlovu's death and it was not immediately known. Ndlovu was taken, in the middle of the morning, to Chris Hani Baragnawath Hospital with gunshot wounds. More specifically, he had a bullet wound to one side of his head. Brains and blood spilled out of a large exit wound on the other. He also had a coma from the moment he was shot, and he was dead at some time around midday. This was all recorded by his doctor, Malcolm Klein, in his report from 2003, now in the Hector Pieterson Museum. Ndlovu's legacy was passed on by his family. His father died in 2003 and his two sisters went into exile shortly after 16 June but have returned to Johannesburg. It is believed that his mother died shortly after her two daughters left South Africa. Legacy. Ndlovu was laid to rest in the same cemetery as Pieterson, Avalon Cemetery, and is honoured alongside Pieterson at the Hector Pieterson Museum His home was given a blue plaque on June 16, 2012 as a spot on the June 16 Soweto Heritage Trail to remember his sacrifice. Ndlovu's bridge, on the corner of Klipspruit Valley and Khumalo roads, marks the location where he was shot by the police. On the bridge there is a statue of young Ndlovu dressed in uniform and standing on a plinth (heavy supporting base). He is smiling and holding his arm up. Storyboards line each side of the bridge, on the sides of a new steel and concrete structure with seating.
The Japan Trench is a long oceanic trench in the Pacific Ocean near Japan. It is a deep and wide trench, and it is famous because it's where one of the most powerful earthquakes happened in 2011. This earthquake caused a big tsunami that affected Japan's eastern coast. The Japan Trench is important because it's where two of Earth's tectonic plates meet: the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate. These plates move and sometimes cause earthquakes and tsunamis in the region. The rate of subduction associated with the Japan Trench has been recorded at about 7.9–9.2 centimetres (3.1–3.6 in)/yr.
Eyestalk ablation is a common practice in shrimp farming. "Ablation" is a more technical word for "removal". With eyestack ablation, one or both eyestalks are removed from female shrimps. Sometimes the eyestalks are not removed, but they are made unusable. This is done to encourage the crustaceans to develop mature ovaries and lay eggs. In captivity, female shrimps often face challenges in maturing their ovaries. Even when a species can reproduce in captivity, eyestalk ablation boosts egg production and the number of females involved in reproduction. After eyestalk ablation, complete ovarian development can happen in as little as three to ten days, making shrimp farming more reliable. The main idea behind eyestalk ablation is to reduce the inhibitory effect of a hormone called gonad inhibitory hormone (GIH).This hormone is produced in the eyestalk. It is usually present in higher levels during non-breeding seasons, inhibiting ovary development. By removing the eyestalk, the level of GIH decreases, allowing mature ovaries to develop. Another theory suggests that eyestalk ablation affects light perception, influencing ovarian maturation. The exact way eyestack ablation works is not fully understood. Critics argue that eyestalk ablation is harmful to shrimps as it is often done without anesthesia, causing stress due to impaired vision. In some shrimp species, like the tiger prawn, the eyestalks can fully regenerate in less than six months. There is also a debate about the ways in which crustaceans feel pain. Eyestalk ablation is currently prohibited in Europe for organic production. In 2016, Seajoy, one of the major producers of premium farmed shrimp in Central America, started to farm only ablation-free shrimp. Effects. Eye ablation in female shrimps has various effects, including: Methods. There are different ways to do eyestalk ablation, including: Alternatives. There are viable alternatives. They include: Non-ablated females have lower mortality rates and produce more robust offspring; this reduces the need for chemicals and antibiotics.
Saleh al-Arouri (, also transliterated as Salah al-Arouri or Salih al-Aruri; 19 August 1966 – 2 January 2024) was a senior leader of Hamas, and a founding commander of its military wing, the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades, at the time of his death. He lived in Lebanon.  On 2 January 2024, al-Arouri was killed in Dahieh, suburban Beirut, in a missile attack by the Israel Defense Forces. References.
Sartaj Aziz (; 7 February 1929 – 2 January 2024) was a Pakistani economist and politician. Aziz was born in Mardan, then-British India. Aziz was the Minister of Finance from 1990 to 1993 and 1997 to 1998. He was the National Security Advisor from 2013 to 2015. He also was the Minister for Foreign Affairs from 1998 to 1999 and again from 2013 to 2017. He worked in the government of Nawaz Sharif. Aziz was also a member of the Senate from 1988 to 1999. Aziz died on 2 January 2024 in Islamabad, Pakistan at the age of 94.
The Professional Women's Hockey League (PWHL; ) is a professional women's ice hockey league. It was made on August 29, 2023. There are 6 teams in the league; 3 in Canada and 3 in the United States. The league was first announced on August 29, 2023. The first game of the league was held on January 1, 2024 between PWHL New York (now the New York Sirens) and PWHL Toronto (now the Toronto Sceptres). The league is owned by the Mark Walter Group and management of the league is headed by commissioner Jayna Hefford. Brian Burke also works as an executive director of the players' union.
Ali Christie-Upton (born 1 December 1969 Jersey) is a Scottish rugby union player. Career. From 1994 to 2004, she competed for Scotland. She competed at the 2002 Women's Rugby World Cup She competed at Womens Six Nations Championship. She played for Richmond Rugby. She has also represented the Classic Lionesses team, in the 2003 Bermuda Classics and in 2007 Murrayfield Stadium.
Pain in crustaceans is the debate of whether or not crustaceans can feel pain, and in what way they feel pain. Pain is a complex state, and it may involve suffering. It is difficult to see if an animal feels pain. In general, pain is caused by harmful stimuli, and animals that feel pain will avoid these stimuli. To actually feel the pain, the animal also needs a more or less complex nervous system. Crustaceans fulfil several criteria. They do have a complex nervous system, they have opioid receptors, and they react less, when they are given anesthetics (painkillers).  Also, they show some degree of learning how to avoid the bad stimulus.
The Maria Callas Museum is a museum created for the famous Greek soprano Maria Callas. It opened on 26 October 2023, and is located in Athens, Greece. History. In 2000, the City of Athens bought some of Callas' personal objects, and started a collection about the soprano, with the goal of creating an exhibition for the 2004 Summer Olympics. In 2010, the City bought a three storey building of the interwar period located on 44 Mitropoleos Street, for 7 million euros. Three years later, it was decided that the Callas collection would be moved to that building. The study for the museum made by Erato Koutsoudaki, Andromache Gazi and Alexandros Charkiolakis was first presented in 2014. The Maria Callas Museum opened a decade later, on Thursday, 26 October 2023. The museum's management was given to the managers of the Technopolis of Athens cultural centre, for the years 2023 to 2028. Collections. The museum has many of Callas' personal objects, costumes for opera and personal haute couture clothes. According to the museum's co-designer, architect and museum specialist Erato Koutsoudaki, the museum's collection is not its greatest element; its exhibitions were based on Callas' personality and they include her singing voice and interviews of hers.
Float glass is a sheet of glass made by melting glass and spreading it on molten metal that has a low melting point, such as tin, or lead. In this way, we get a very flat and evenly thick surface. Making float glass like that, is also known as the Pilkington process. It was given this name, because the glass-making company Pilkington was the first to use this way of making glass in the 1950s, at their factory in St Helens, Merseyside, England. Modern windows are usually made from float glass. Some types of glass used for screens are also made in the same way as float glass.
The United Football League is an American Football league that was founded (created) in 2023 from the merger of the 2020 XFL and 2022 USFL. The first season was played in 2024. Teams. Four teams came from the XFL and three came from the USFL, while each league's Houston, Texas-based team was merged with its counterpart to create one. The XFL's Roughnecks take the Gamblers' place in the USFL while keeping the Roughnecks brand and Gamblers' player rights and coaching staff.
"You're All I Need to Get By" is a 1968 song by Marvin Gaye and Tammi Terrell from their album "You're All I Need". It went to number 7 in the United States, number 19 in the United Kingdom and number 17 in Canada. It was covered by Johnny Mathis featuring Denice Williams in 1978 for their album "That's What Friends Are For" and went to number 47 in the United States, number 45 in the United Kingdom and number 52 in Canada. It was also covered by Aretha Franklin in 1971 and Tony Orlando &amp; Dawn in 1975.