ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
The men's 100 metres was a sprinting event in the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris. It was on July 14, 1900. There were 20 athletes. These athletes were from 9 different nations. Frank Jarvis won the event. He was from the United States. Walter Tewksbury was in 2nd place. He was also from the United States. Australia won their first medal in the 100 metres. Stan Rowley won a bronze medal in this event. Background. This was the second time this event happened. None of the runners also ran in the 1896 Olympics. The American Arthur Duffey had just won the AAA Championships for 100 yards. He was the favorite for the competition. 7 people had ran the unofficial world record of 10.8 for this event. One of these people was Isaac Westergren of Sweden. He was also in this competition.  There were no athletes from France. Australia, Bohemia, India, and Italy were in this event for the first time. The 100 metres was not the shortest sprint. The 60 meters was the shortest sprint. This has only happened in 1900 and 1904. Records. These were the world records and Olympic records before the 1900 Olympics. The times are all in seconds. In the first heat of the first round, Arthur Duffey ran 11.4 seconds. This beat the Olympic record. In the second heat of the first round, Walter Tewksbury ran 11.4 seconds. This tied the Olympic record. In the third heat of the first round, Frank Jarvis ran 10.8 seconds. This tied the unofficial world record. In the second semifinal, Tewksbury also ran 10.8 seconds. This would tie the unofficial world record. Competition. The competition had 4 rounds. There was the heats, the semifinals, the repechage, and the final. The fastest 2 runners in the heats would run in the semifinals. In the semifinals, 12 men were put into each 3 semifinals. Each semifinals had 4 runners. In the semifinal, the
The Pakistan-China border is a line that separates China and Pakistan. This border runs through the Karakoram Range, a very high and tough mountain range. Geography. Terrain. The border crosses the Karakoram Range, which has some of the world's tallest mountains. This area is full of high peaks, deep valleys, and large glaciers. Some important features along the border include: Climate. The weather in this region is extreme. Winters are very cold with heavy snow, while summers are short and can have wide temperature changes. Historical background. Ancient trade routes. In ancient times, this region was part of important trade routes, like the Silk Road, which connected China, Central Asia, and India. Traders used these tough paths to exchange goods and ideas. Boundary agreement. The modern border was set by the Sino-Pakistan Agreement of 1963. In this agreement: Strategic importance. Geopolitical significance. The border is very important for both countries. It is a key point in the politics of South Asia and Central Asia. The border's location near India, Afghanistan, and Central Asia makes it strategically important. Economic and infrastructure projects. There has been a lot of development in the border region, especially through the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). Important projects include: Security and border management. Military presence. Both countries have strong military forces along the border to protect their land. The tough terrain and harsh weather make it hard to keep the border secure. Cooperation and joint exercises. Pakistan and China work together on military exercises to improve their readiness and cooperation. These exercises focus on counter-terrorism, mountain warfare, and border security. Environmental and cultural aspects. Conservation efforts. The border region has unique wildlife and delicate ecosystems. Efforts are made to protect endangered animals like the snow leopard and Marco Polo sheep and to preserve the environment. Cultural exchange. The border area has a rich cultural history, influenced by many different civilizations. The people in Gilgit-Baltistan and Xinjiang share cultural ties, creating a mix of traditions. Challenges and future prospects. Border disputes and regional tensions. While the border itself is not a major source of tension, the region is complex and sometimes unstable. Issues like the Kashmir conflict and
.みんな is a internet generic top-level domain. The name, ".みんな" is taken from the Japanese word "みんな", which means everyone.
Her Loss is a collaborative studio album by Canadian rapper Drake and British-American rapper 21 Savage. "Her Loss" was released on November 4, 2022. On October 22, 2022, Drake would reveal both the name "Her Loss" and release date for the album in the middle of the music video for the song "Jimmy Cooks". However, the album's release would have to be pushed back until November 4 because Drake's producer 40 had contracted COVID-19 while they were finishing the mixing and mastering of the album. Drake and 21 would promote the album by doing a press run of fake events like performing a fake version of a Tiny Desk Concert, creating fake issues of "Vogue" with both Drake and 21 on the cover, and having a deepfake interview on "The Howard Stern Show", and a performance of the song "On BS" on a fake set of "Saturday Night Live" switch help from actor Michael B. Jordan. The two would end up being sued by Condé Nast, a publisher for "Vogue" for not using their property and trademarks with their permission. Both parties would end up settling the $4 million lawsuit for an unknown amount of money. The album's cover art was made by Paris Aden and was proposed by Lil Yachty. It features a photography of stripper and model Quiana "Qui" Yasuka, known as Suki Baby.  The album debuted at #1 on the "Billboard" 200, selling 404,000 album-equivalent units. It was both Drake's twelfth and 21 Savage's third number-one album in the United States. Every song on the album made it on to the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart. "Her Loss" would be certified 2× Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). The album would be nominated for Best Rap Album at the 66th Annual Grammy Awards. It would win Top Rap Album at the 2023 "Billboard" Music Awards. The album features the singles "Rich Flex" and "Circo Loco" which were both released on November 11, 2022 and "Spin Bout U" which was released on February 24, 2023.
Loglan is a constructed language made to test the Sapir–Whorf hypothesis. Dr. James Cooke Brown made the language starting in 1955 with the goal of making it so different from natural languages that learners would think in differently if the hypothesis was true. Loglan was the first logical language, although the most famous one is Lojban. Lojban was inspired by Loglan. Brown founded The Loglan Institute (TLI) to expand the language and other applications of it. Although he released many publications about its design, he continued to claim legal restrictions on its use. Because of this, a group of his followers later formed the Logical Language Group to create the language Lojban along the same principles, but with the intention to make it freely available and encourage its use as a real language. In addition, Lojban had a new vocabulary. Goals. Loglan (a shorter version of "logical language") was made to test if people speaking a "logical language" would in some way think more logically, as the Sapir–Whorf hypothesis might predict. The language's grammar is based on predicate logic. The grammar was intended to be simple enough to be teachable and manageable, yet complex enough to allow people to think and speak in the language. Brown wanted Loglan to be as culturally neutral as possible and metaphysically parsimonious, which means that the language has few "categories" necessary to be used. In English an example of a necessary (or obligatory) category is the time-tense of verbs, as all verbs must have a tense. Brown also wanted the language to be completely regular and unambiguous. Readers can only understand a sentence in one way. Additionally, the syllables of words were made so that a series of syllables can be separated into words in only one way, even if the word separation is not easily known from pauses in speech. It has few phonemes (sounds that make up syllables), so that speakers with "accents" can be understood more often. To make the vocabulary easier to learn, words were made to be partly the same with related words in the eight most widely spoken languages in the world in 1955. Alphabet. In the final version of 1989 the alphabet used to write Loglan was the same as the alphabet used to write English, with 26 letters. Each letter represented a phoneme.
ScratchJr is a visual programming language designed to introduce programming skills to children aged 5 to 7 years old. The app is considered an introductory programming language. It is available for free to iOS, Android and Chromebook. ScratchJr is a coding language modeled after Scratch, which is used by over 10 million people worldwide. Programming in Scratch requires basic reading skills, so the creators saw a need for another programming language which would provide a easier way to learn programming at a younger age and without any reading or math needed to understand it.
The Free City of Cracow was a city state created by the Congress of Vienna in 1815, which included the Polish city of Cracow and its surrounding land. It was controlled by each its three neighbors (Russia, Prussia, and Austria). In 1846, in the aftermath of the failed , the Free City of Cracow was taken over by the Austrian Empire. It was a leftover of the Duchy of Warsaw, which was partitioned among the three states after the Congress in 1815.
Rangiora is the largest town in the Waimakariri District, New Zealand. It is located 29 kilometers north of Christchurch and 11 kilometers northwest of Kaiapoi. It has several primary schools and a high school in the town. In 1973 it recorded the hottest temperature of 42.4 degrees.
Fabio Alperowitch is a Brazilian businessman, investor and is a co-founder of FAMA Investimentos, one of the leading independent asset management firms in Brazil, recognized for its focus on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria in investment strategies.  Early Life and Education. Alperowitch was born in Brazil. He pursued higher education in Brazil and abroad, obtaining degrees and certifications that contributed to his expertise in the financial sector.  Career. Alperowitch began his career in finance in the 1990s, a period marked by significant economic changes in Brazil. In 1993, he co-founded FAMA Investimentos with the aim of creating an asset management firm that not only focused on financial returns but also on the social and environmental impacts of investments. This approach was relatively novel at the time, especially in Brazil, where the concept of ESG was still emerging. Under Alperowitch’s leadership, FAMA Investimentos became a pioneer in the field of socially responsible investment in Brazil. The firm developed a reputation for its rigorous analysis of companies, evaluating not just financial performance but also corporate governance, environmental practices, and social responsibility. This approach attracted a clientele interested in ethical investing and positioned FAMA as a leader in sustainable finance.
Kaduna Polytechnic is one of the oldest and largest polytechnic institutions in Nigeria, located in Kaduna State. It has played a significant role in the development of technical and vocational education in the country, providing a wide range of programs and producing a substantial number of skilled professionals.  History. Kaduna Polytechnic was established in 1956 as the Kaduna Technical Institute, making it one of the earliest technical institutions in Nigeria. The primary aim of the institute was to address the growing demand for technical and vocational training in the country, particularly in the Northern Region. At its inception, the institute offered a limited number of courses, focusing mainly on engineering and technical disciplines. In 1968, the institution was elevated to the status of a polytechnic, and its name was changed to Kaduna Polytechnic. This upgrade marked a significant expansion in the range of courses offered, as well as an increase in student enrollment. The polytechnic began offering diploma and higher national diploma (HND) programs in various fields, including engineering, science and technology, business studies, environmental studies, and arts and humanities. Over the years, Kaduna Polytechnic grew rapidly, both in terms of infrastructure and academic programs. The institution became known for its commitment to providing practical, hands-on training, preparing students for careers in industry, business, and public service. By the 1970s, it had established itself as a leading center for technical education in Nigeria.
The Centre d'Estudis Colombins (CEC) is an association dedicated to the study of the historical links between Christopher Columbus and the discovery of America and the Catalan world, particularly, in the possible Catalanity of Christopher Columbus. The Center was born in 1989 following a cycle of conferences organized by Òmnium Cultural in Barcelona. The association is a functional delegation of Òmnium Cultural with its own legal character, which brings together experts, scholars and sympathizers, each with a defined function, interested in research, study and promotion of the historical ties that exist, from any aspect of science, between the Catalan Countries, the Discoverer and other Discoveries, in principle, to the subsequent events of the conquest and colonization. Pere Català i Roca, Joaquim Arenas i Sampera, Miquel Porter Moix, Francesc Albardaner, Nito Verdera, Miquel Manubens, and Charles J. Merrill, among others, are or have been part of the CEC. Among the organization's activities are the preparation and edition of the Centre's Bulletin, the "Tertúlia Colombina", a forum where local and foreign scholars present topics that are the result of their research or study, conferences, colloquiums and round tables at the request of associations and entities, and the publication and dissemination of works produced by members and the promotion of the publication of books that refer to Columbus and the Catalan world. The most outstanding contributions in studies or collaborations of the entity are the following:
Storm Isha was a powerful windstorm that affected Northwestern Europe in January 2024. The storm was named by the United Kingdom’s Met Office on 19 January 2024. In England and the Netherlands, yellow and orange wind warnings were issued. In Ireland and Scotland red wind warnings were issued.  In Sweden, snowstorm warnings were issued.  In total there were 4 fatalities as result of the storm.  In Ireland 2 individuals died, a woman who collided with a tree, and a man who got caught in flooding. In Scotland an elderly man died when his car hit a fallen tree, and in Northern Ireland another man died when his car collided with a fallen tree.  In the United Kingdom and Ireland, thousands of power outages were reported due to the storm.
Wawasan 2020, or Vision 2020, was introduced by Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad in 1991. The goal was for Malaysia to become a fully industrialized and self-sufficient nation by 2020. This plan aimed for 7% annual economic growth from 1990 to 2020, increasing the GDP from RM115 billion in 1990 to RM920 billion by 2020. The Vision 2020 plan included three key phases: the National Development Policy (1991-2000), the National Vision Policy (2001-2010), and the New Economic Model (2011-2020) with the National Transformation Programme (NTP).
The National Development Policy was a plan by Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad to grow Malaysia’s economy and help everyone benefit. It began in 1991 and lasted 10 years before being replaced by the National Vision Policy in 2001.
MSC Malaysia, formerly the Multimedia Super Corridor, is a special business zone in Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya, Selangor, and parts of Negeri Sembilan. Launched by Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad on 12 February 1996, it aimed to help Malaysia become a modern, knowledge-based country by 2020.
Gerakan Tanah Air (GTA, "Homeland Movement" or "Homeland Party") is a group of Malay political parties started by former Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad in August 2022. Mahathir said GTA would compete in the next election against the ruling Barisan Nasional. The group applied for official registration on 6 September 2022, but did not win any seats in the 2022 General Election.
The men's 1500 metres was a middle-distance running event. It was apart of the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris. It was held on July 15, 1900. The race on a track. This track had a circumference of 500 metres. There were 9 athletes. These athletes were from 6 different nations. The event was won by Charles Bennett of Great Britain. This was their first medal in this event. Background. This was the 2nd time this event was run at the Olympics. It is one of 12 athletics events that has been at every Summer Olympics. None of the runners in the 1896 Summer Olympics also ran in this event. John Bray from the United States had the unofficial world record. Other than Bray, there were not many important 1500 runners. John Cregan, Alexander Grant, and George Orton were some of the most important distance runners in the 1900 Olympic games. However, they did not run in this event. This might have been because the event was on a Sunday. This was the first time that Austria, Bohemia, Denmark, and Great Britain ran in this event. France and the United States were the only countries that had competed in 1896 and in 1900 in this event. Competition. The competition had one round. It was 3 laps around the track. The track was 500-metres long. Records. These were world records and Olympic records before the 1900 Summer Olympics. The times are in minutes. Charles Bennett ran a new Olympic record and an unofficial world record. His time was 4:06.2. Results. Bennett was in front of the race the entire time. Deloge was slightly behind. In the last lap, Bennett sped ahead. His last 500 metres was in 1 minute and 10.2 seconds. This beat he unofficial world record. Bennett finished 5 yards ahead of Deloge. John Bray beat David Hall by two yards.
BET Jams is an American pay television channel airing hip-hop and urban contemporary music videos on a thrice-daily automated wheel schedule of eight hours outside of temporary "roadblock" closures during Paramount Global's awards events, with all of its programming currently denoted in hour blocks as "BET Jams – Music Videos" within electronic program guide listings. The channel launched on May 1, 2002, as MTV Jams, and carried that name until October 5, 2015, and was placed under BET's purview as MTV drifted away from music programming along with "106 &amp; Park". "MTV Jams Hits", a compliation album based on the channel, was released in June 2002 by Columbia and Epic. The network space itself launched on August 1, 1998, as MTVX, carrying modern rock videos, and was re-focused around hip-hop music on that date, to some controversy from MTVX's former viewers.
Ancient Hawaii covers the time before Western explorers arrived in 1778. During this period, the Hawaiian Islands were settled by Polynesians who created a unique and complex society. Early Settlers. Polynesian Voyages. The first people to arrive in Hawaii came from the Marquesas Islands between 300 and 600 AD. They used their knowledge of the stars, wind, and ocean currents to navigate across the Pacific. They brought plants, animals, and cultural practices that shaped early Hawaiian life. Second Wave of Settlers. Another group of Polynesians came from Tahiti around 1000-1300 AD. They introduced new customs, including the kapu (taboo) system, which became an important part of Hawaiian culture and governance. Social Structure. Aliʻi (Chiefs). Hawaiian society was organized with a class of chiefs called aliʻi. These leaders controlled different areas or entire islands. They held power through their control of land and resources, as well as their religious and military influence. Makaʻāinana (Commoners). Most Hawaiians were makaʻāinana, or commoners. They worked the land, fished, and crafted goods. They were required to provide labor and resources to the aliʻi. Kahuna (Priests). Kahuna were priests and experts in various fields like medicine and navigation. They played an important role in religious ceremonies and advised the aliʻi on important matters. Religion and Beliefs. Polytheistic Religion. Ancient Hawaiians worshiped many gods and goddesses who were believed to control different aspects of life. Some important deities were: Kapu System. The kapu system was a set of sacred laws and taboos that guided everyday life. Breaking a kapu could lead to severe punishment. This system helped maintain social order and religious practices. Heiau (Temples). Heiau were sacred places where people performed religious rituals. These temples ranged from simple stone platforms to large, complex structures and were central to Hawaiian religious life. Economy and Agriculture. Ahupuaʻa System. Hawaii's land was divided into areas called ahupuaʻa,
Alan Michael Gratz (born January 27, 1972) is the author of 19 novels for young adults. They include "Prisoner B-3087", "Code of Honor", "Grenade", "Something Rotten", "Ground Zero" and "Refugee". Life. Alan Gratz was born in Knoxville, Tennessee. He has a B.A. in creative writing and a master's degree in English education, both from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. He worked for the school's newspaper, the "Daily Beacon". Gratz now lives in Portland, Oregon with his wife and children.
A consul is a government official who lives in a foreign city to help and protect the government’s citizens and interests there. Their role can vary depending on their home country and the rules of the host country. History. Ancient Rome. The term "consul" started in Ancient Rome. Back then, consuls were high-ranking officials who led the government and the army. Their role was more about governing and military leadership than the modern diplomatic role. Development of the role. The modern consul role developed during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. As international trade grew, countries needed representatives abroad. Initially, consuls were often merchants. Over time, their role became official, focusing on protecting citizens and helping with trade. By the 19th century, consuls had become an important part of international relations. Functions and duties. Protecting citizens. Consuls help their country's citizens abroad by providing legal assistance, helping in emergencies, and ensuring fair treatment by local authorities. They help with issues like arrests, hospital visits, and getting citizens back home if needed. Issuing visas and passports. Consulates handle visas for people who want to visit their home country. They also provide passport services for their own citizens living or traveling abroad, including renewals and emergency documents. Promoting trade and investment. Consuls work to support their country’s economy by helping businesses find partners, navigate local rules, and promote their products and services. They play a key role in strengthening economic ties between their home country and the host nation. Cultural exchange. Consulates organize cultural events and programs to promote understanding between countries. These activities help build good relationships and mutual respect through art, education, and public diplomacy. Reporting on conditions. Consuls gather information about the host country’s political, economic, and social conditions. They report this back to their home government to help with foreign policy and negotiations. Types of consulates. Consulate-general. A Consulate-General is in major cities and has more responsibilities and staff compared to smaller consular offices. The head is called a Consul-General. These offices handle many important tasks and provide various services. Honorary consulate. An honorary consulate is run by an Honorary Consul, who is not a career diplomat but a local