ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Hyrax also called dassie is any of four species of thick, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea, any of six species of small hoofed mammal (ungulates) native to Africa and extreme southwestern Asia. Hyraxes are well-furred rotund creatures with a short tail. Most measure between 30–70 cm long and weigh between 2–5 kg. Hyraxes are mentioned in the Old Testament of the Bible and it is possible that the Hebrew word for hyrax ("shafan") is the source of the name of present-day Spain. Even though hyraxes are not native to Spain, rabbits are, and the theory states that early Hebrew explorers considered the rabbits to be a variety of hyrax.
Absorption is when something takes in another substance. It is a physical or chemical phenomenon or process. Atoms, molecules, or ions enter in the inner part (called "bulk") of a gas, liquid, or solid material.  This is different from adsorption. Molecules undergoing absorption are going deep into the volume of the material, instead in the case of adsorption molecules stop at the surface of the material. A more general term is "sorption", which covers absorption, adsorption, and ion exchange. Other meanings of "absorption" are:
Hillion is a commune. It is found in the region Bretagne in the Côtes-d'Armor department in the west of France. Sister city. Hillion is twinned with:
Plouha is a commune. It is found in the region Bretagne in the Côtes-d'Armor department in the west of France. Sister cities. Plouha is twinned with:
Tréguier is a commune. It is found in the region Bretagne in the Côtes-d'Armor department in the west of France. Sister city. Tréguier is twinned with:
Fréhel is a commune. It is found in the region Bretagne in the Côtes-d'Armor department in the west of France. Twin towns. Fréhel is twinned with: Sport. Cap Fréhel (8,5 km from Fréhel and on the commune of Plévenon) is the end of the 5th stage of the 2011 Tour de France.
The San Antonio Rampage are an American professional ice hockey team that began playing in 2002. They currently play in the American Hockey League and are the farm team of the Phoenix Coyotes of the NHL. They play their home games in San Antonio, Texas at the AT&amp;T Center. Their ECHL affiliate team is the Las Vegas Wranglers.
The Portland Pirates were an American professional ice hockey team that played from 1993 to 2016. Throughout this time, they played in the American Hockey League (AHL) and were the farm team of the Buffalo Sabres of the NHL. They played their home games in Portland, Maine at the Cumberland County Civic Center, and won one Calder Cup which was in 1993. The team left Portland after the 2015–16 season when it was bought by a group from Springfield, Massachusetts. That city had lost its AHL team, the Springfield Falcons, when the team was bought by the owners of the NHL's Arizona Coyotes and moved to Tucson, Arizona, where it now plays as the Tucson Roadrunners. The former Pirates team now plays as the Springfield Thunderbirds.
The Houston Aeros were an American professional ice hockey team that played from 1994 to 2013 in the American Hockey League. They played in Houston, Texas at the Toyota Center. On April 19, 2013, it was announced that the team would move to Des Moines, Iowa at the beginning of the 2013–14 AHL season and would be known as the Iowa Wild.
Mamta Banerjee () (born 5 January 1955), popularly known as "Didi", is an Indian politician. She became the Chief Minister of the Indian state of West Bengal on 20 May 2011. She is the first woman Chief Minister of the state. She is also the founder and chairperson of the Trinamool Congress. Mamata Banerjee is also the Minister for Home, Health and Family Welfare, Land and Land Reforms, Information and Cultural Affairs, Hill Affairs, Minority Affairs and Madrassah Education, Agriculture, Power and Personnel and Administrative Reforms departments. She is a good orator. Her followers call her "Didi" (meaning the elder sister). Mamata Banerjee has defeated the 34-year-old the Communist Party of India (Marxist)-led Left Front government in West Bengal. That government was the world's longest-serving democratically-elected communist government. In the past, she was the Minister of Railways twice, Minister of Coal once, and Minister of State for Human Resource Development, Department of Youth Affairs and Sports and Women and Child Development once in the cabinet of the Government of India.
SK Admira Wien is a former football club from Vienna, Austria. It was founded in 1905 by a fusion of the two clubs „Burschenschaft Einigkeit“ and„Sportklub Vindobona“ which also played in the Jedelsee area of Vienna. The club existed till 1971 when he was merged with Sportclub Wacker Wien to FC Admira/Wacker. The most successful aera of the club was in the years between 1926 and 1939 when the club reached seven Austrian national titles and three Cups. During Nazi occupation of Austria they played in the Gauliga Ostmark. After the Anschluss in 1938 Admira played in the Gauliga Ostmark. Their win of the 1938–39 Gauliga Ostmark qualified them for the 1939 German football championship. They reached the final versus Schalke 04. They lost by a score of 0–9. After the Second World War they only reached one title in 1966 and three cup victories. In 1971 the club merged with Wacker Wien and was renamed Admira/Wacker. After financial problems 1997 VFB Mödling and Admira Wacker merges.
Maria Amalia of Saxony (24 November 1724 – 27 September 1760) was a Duchess of Saxony of the House of Wettin and wife of Charles III of Spain. Married to the then King of Naples, at the death of her brother in law Ferdinand VI of Spain, she became the queen of Spain. A cultured woman, she left a considerable architectural legacy in her adopted countries. She was also one of the shortest reigning queen consorts in Spanish history.  Biography. She was born at Dresden Castle in Dresden and was the eldest surviving the daughter of Frederick Augustus II, Elector of Saxony and Maria Josepha of Austria. She was one of 15 children and was baptised with the names Maria Amalia Christina Franziska Xaveria Flora Walburga.  Marriage. In 1737 Maria Amalia became engaged to the King of Naples and Sicily, the future Charles III of Spain. The marriage was confirmed on 31 October 1737. The following year, 1738, at the age of 14, Maria Amalia married King Charles, on 19 June at Gaeta, a proxy wedding having taken place in May the same year with her brother, Frederick Christian of Saxony representing Charles. Queen of Naples. The couple resided in Naples and were very content. This marriage was looked upon favourably by the Holy See and effectively meant the conclusion of the diplomatic disagreement Charles and the See had had. Festivities lasted till 3 July. Maria Amalia was a very cultivated woman and played an important role in the construction of the Caserta Palace as well as the Palace of Portici, Teatro di San Carlo, Palace of Capodimonte as well as the Royal Palace of Naples. She also popularised Neapolitan porcelain at the "Capodimonte Porcelain Manufactory" in 1743. Maria Amalia was also a patron of the composer Gian Francesco Fortunati who was a favourite at the Neapolitan court. She ans Charles eventually had 13 children. Queen of Spain. At the end of 1758, Charles' half brother Ferdinand VI was displaying the same symptoms of depression that his their father
Maria Luísa of Spain (24 November 1745 – 15 May 1792) was Holy Roman Empress, German Queen, Queen of Bohemia and Hungary as the spouse of Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor.  Background. Maria Luisa was born in Portici, in Campania, the site of the summer palace ("Reggia di Portici") of her parents, King Charles, King of Naples and Sicily and Maria Amalia of Saxony. She was the fifth daughter, and second surviving child, of her parents. Her father became King of Spain as Charles III in 1759, and she moved with her family to Spain. Her first cousins included Louis XVI, Maria I of Portugal and Charles Emmanuel IV of Sardinia. Grand Duchess of Tuscany. On 16 February 1764 she was married by proxy at Madrid to Archduke Peter Leopold, the second son of Emperor Francis I and Empress Maria Theresa of Austria, and the heir apparent to the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. The next year, on 5 August, she married him in person at Innsbruck. Only a few days later, the death of Emperor Francis made Maria Luisa's husband the new Grand Duke of Tuscany, and the newly married couple moved to Florence, where they would live for the next twenty-five years. Holy Roman Empress. In 1790, on the death of Peter Leopold's childless brother, Joseph II, Maria Luisa's husband inherited the Habsburg lands in Central Europe, and was shortly thereafter elected Holy Roman Emperor. Taking the name of Leopold II, the new Emperor moved his family to Vienna, where Maria Luisa took on the role of imperial consort. Leopold died scarcely two years later, dying on 1 March 1792. Maria Luisa followed her husband to the grave in less than three months, not living long enough to see her eldest son Francis elected as the last Holy Roman Emperor. Mozart's opera La clemenza di Tito was commissioned by the Estates of Bohemia as part of the festivities that accompanied the coronation of Maria Luisa and her husband
Spartacus is a 1960 American epic historical drama movie directed by Stanley Kubrick and based on the novel of the same name by Howard Fast. The life story of the historical figure Spartacus and the events of the Third Servile War were adapted by Dalton Trumbo as a screenplay. The movie stars Kirk Douglas as rebellious slave Spartacus and Laurence Olivier as his foe, the Roman general and politician Marcus Licinius Crassus. Co-starring are Peter Ustinov (who won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role as slave trader Lentulus Batiatus), John Gavin (as Julius Caesar), Jean Simmons, Charles Laughton, John Ireland, Herbert Lom, Woody Strode, Tony Curtis, John Dall and Charles McGraw. The movie won four Oscars in all. The titles were designed by Saul Bass. Anthony Mann, the film's original director, was replaced by Douglas with Kubrick after the first week of shooting.
Maria Clementina of Austria (24 April 1777 – 15 November 1801) was an Austrian archduchess and the tenth child and third daughter of Leopold I, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Maria Luisa of Spain. She was the mother of the famous "duchesse de Berry". Infancy. Archduchess Maria Clementina was born at the Villa del Poggio Imperiale, Poggio Imperiale then located in the Grand Duchy of Tuscany which was then ruled by her father Leopold I (later Holy Roman Emperor) since 1765. She was named after Prince Clemens Wenceslaus of Saxony, her mothers uncle and brother of Maria Amalia of Saxony, Maria Clementina's maternal grandmother.  Marriage. She was married by proxy to Prince Francis, Duke of Calabria, her first cousin, on 19 September 1790. On 26 June 1797 in Foggia, Maria Clementina married the Duke of Calabria, eldest surviving son of Ferdinand IV of Naples and, Maria Carolina of Austria. Prince Francis was the Heir apparent to both the Neapolitan and Sicilian throne's. This marriage was the last of three between the Austrian and Neapolitan royal families, the previous two being between Archduke Francis, her oldest brother and Maria Teresa of Naples and Sicily in 1790 after Archduke Ferdinand and Luisa of Naples and Sicily. They were double first cousins as they shared all their grandparents in common. They had two children. She died in Naples after giving birth to a son the previous year which undermined her health. She is thought to have died from lung disease or tuberculosis. She was buried in Basilica of Santa Chiara, Naples with her son.  After her death, her husband married Infanta Maria Isabella of Spain, again his first cousin, the youngest surviving daughter of Charles IV of Spain (brother of Maria Clementina's mother) and Maria Luisa of Parma.  Her only daughter Carolina, married Charles Ferdinand, Duke of Berry in April 1816. He was the son of Charles X of France and Maria Teresa of Savoy. They were the parents of the French pretender Henri d'Artois, Count of Chambord and the Duchess of Parma making Maria Clementina an ancestress of the present Duke of Calabria and his rival the Duke of Castro.
"Paparazzi" is a song by American pop singer Lady Gaga from her first album, "The Fame" (2008). It was released May 15, 2009. The song managed to reach number one in Germany; the top five in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and the UK; and the top ten in the US. It became Gaga's fourth consecutive number-one song on "Billboard"'s Pop Songs airplay chart. On February 29, 2016, the Recording Industry Association of America certified "Paparazzi" 4× Platinum for sales and streams equal to four million copies in the United States.
Chaudière-Appalaches is region of Quebec, Canada. It is named for the Chaudière River and the Appalachian Mountains. According to the Canadian 2006 census 393,669 people live in Chaudière-Appalaches. It also has an area of . Its main cities are Lévis, Saint-Georges, Thetford Mines, Sainte-Marie and Montmagny. Subdivisions. Regional County Municipalities Independent City
The Peoria Rivermen were an American professional ice hockey team that played in the American Hockey League from 2005 to 2013. They play in Peoria, Illinois at the Carver Arena. The AHL announced that on June 14, 2013, the Rivermen franchise would relocate to Utica, New York and be known as the Utica Comets for the 2013-14 AHL season.
In statistics, the interquartile range (IQR) is a number that indicates how spread out the data are, and tells us what the range is in the middle of a set of scores.  The interquartile range IQR is defined as: formula_1 That is, it is calculated as the range of the middle half of the scores. The scores are divided into four equal parts, separated by the quartiles formula_2 and formula_3, after the scores have been arranged in ascending order (becoming bigger as one goes further). The second quartile formula_4 is also known as the median. The interquartile range is not sensitive to outliers (scores that are much higher or much lower than the other scores). In fact, it eliminates them. Example. Given the following 20 scores arranged from the smallest to the largest:  1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 9, 11, 11, 14, 14, 15, 15, 29 We can put them into four different groups of five numbers each: 1, 2, 2, 2, 3 | 4, 6, 8, 8, 8 | 8, 8, 9, 11, 11 | 14, 14, 15, 15, 29 The groups are thus separated by: formula_5 Hence the interquartile range is: formula_6 If the observation 29 has accidentally been written down as 92 instead, then this number is an outlier. If that happens the interquartile range is not affected.
The Binghamton Devils were an American professional ice hockey team. They were in the American Hockey League (AHL). The team was in Binghamton, New York. It was the farm team for the New Jersey Devils of the NHL. The team moved to Binghamton from Albany in 2017.Their ECHL affiliate team was the Trenton Devils. The team ended operation in 2021 and became the Utica Comets. Albany Devils. The Binghamton Devils played as the Albany Devils starting in 2010. In 2017, they moved to Binghamton. When they were located in Albany, they would play their home games in Albany, New York at the Times Union Center and sometimes at the Boardwalk Hall.
The Abbotsford Heat were a Canadian professional ice hockey team that began playing in 2009 and stopped in 2014. They played for 5 seasons in the American Hockey League and were the farm team of the Calgary Flames of the NHL. They played their home games in Abbotsford, British Columbia at the Abbotsford Entertainment &amp; Sports Centre.  The team struggled with financial problems and had low attendance near the end. The city of Abbotsford terminated their contract with the Heat on April 15, 2014. On May 5, 2014, The AHL's Board of Governors said at their spring meeting in Chicago that they had approved the relocation of the team to Glens Falls, New York for the 2014-15 AHL season.
The ECHL (formerly East Coast Hockey League) is a professional ice hockey league based in the United States and is considered a lower tier than the American Hockey League (AHL).  Overview. The ECHL and the American Hockey League are the only ice hockey leagues that receive recognition by the collective bargaining agreement between the National Hockey League and the National Hockey League Players' Association which means that any player that is signed to an entry-level NHL contract and is designated for assignment must report to a club either in the AHL or the ECHL.  The major championship in the ECHL that the two winning team of their conferences play for is the Kelly Cup. There are currently 29 teams in the ECHL.
The Hamilton Bulldogs are a Canadian professional ice hockey team that began playing in 1996. They play in the Onatrio Hockey League. They formerly played in the American Hockey League and are the farm team of the Montreal Canadiens of the NHL.  They play their home games in Hamilton, Ontario at the Copps Coliseum which is nicknamed "The Dog Pound".
The Charlotte Checkers are an American professional ice hockey team. They began playing in 1990. The team plays in the American Hockey League (AHL). They play their home games in Charlotte, North Carolina at the Bojangles Coliseum. They are the AHL affiliate for the Florida Panthers of the National Hockey League (NHL). Their ECHL affiliates are the Florida Everblades. The were previously the affiliate for the Carolina Hurricanes and the Seattle Kraken for the 2021–22 season. The team originally played as the Capital District Islanders from 1990 until 1993. The team played their games in Troy, New York. After the 1993 season, the team would be sold to insurance executive Albert Lawrence and he would move to Albany to become the Albany River Rats. Michael Kahn would buy the River Rats in 2010. Kaun also owned the ECHL team of the same name. When Kaun bought the River Rats, he decided to rename the team as the Charlotte Checkers and move the team to Charlotte, North Carolina. He would also give up the ECHL he owned in the process. This made them the third team in ice hockey history with the Charlotte Checkers name. A team called the Checkers played in the Eastern Hockey League (EHL) from 1956 until 1977. The ECHL Checkers played from 1993 until 2010. On October 9, 2010, the Checkers would play their first game. They would be defeated by the Connecticut Whale 4–2. On April 15, 2019, the Checkers would win their first Calder Cup after they defeated the Chicago Wolves four games to one.
In the United States, Social Security is the term for the federal Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program. That program is run by the Social Security Administration. The original Social Security Act was signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1935. The current version of the Act, as amended, involves many social welfare and social insurance programs. Social Security gets its money through payroll taxes. Those taxes are called Federal Insurance Contributions Act tax (FICA) or Self Employed Contributions Act Tax (SECA). Tax deposits are collected by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). Almost all salaried income, up to an certain amount set by law (see tax rate table below), is taxed by the Social Security payroll tax. All income over the set amount is not taxed. In 2019, the maximum amount of taxable money is $132,900. In 2017, Social Security spent $806.7 billion for OASDI and $145.8 billion for DI. History. A limited form of the Social Security program started during President Franklin D. Roosevelt's first term. It started using "social insurance" to help during the Great Depression of the 1930s.
Duffield Castle was a Norman Castle in Duffield, Derbyshire. The site is a Scheduled Ancient Monument. The rocky site was easy to defend, because it was surrounded by the river in three sides and hard to climb. It is not clear whether the site was inhabited in prehistoric times. The Roman army might have been there to protect the ford nearby where people from Lutudarum Wirksworth passed before joining Rykneld Street at Derventio (now part of Derby) which was N-shaped route for the North Sea ports. Ancient items of Anglo-Saxons have been found there. They suggest that Saxon Thane named Siward or his relatives might have occupied the site. Also, many Roman or Romano-British pottery has been found, including roof tiles of Roman pattern. Some of them were kept in the Derby Museum, but others kept in the Parish Room were unfortunately lost. The Norman Castle. Henry de Ferrers (Ferrars) faithfully served King William and was given land in Derbyshire, which became known as Duffield Frith. It was between Heage and Shottle on the North, and Tutbury on the South. He built Tutbury Castle as his main residence. He built another castle at Duffield to protect north side of his land. This castle was probably built of wood. His third son, Robert, fought the Scots in the Battle of the Standard in 1138, and became the first Earl of Derby. His great grandson, William, became the Earl in 1162. He supported King's sons when they resisted Henry II, and finally both castles were destroyed in 1173. William II was favored by King John, and took back the land of Wirksworth, Ashbourne, and Horston Castle (Horsley). The castles at Tutbury and Duffield were rebuilt with stone. William III was also favored as William II was. The next Earl (the 7th generation), Robert, fought against Henry III and Tutbury Castle was destroyed. Once the king forgave Robert, but he resisted again and was defeated in battle at Chesterfield. He lost his land in 1269 and D
Les Casquets or (The) Casquets () is a group of rocks 13 kilometres (8.08 mi) northwest of Alderney and are part of an underwater sandstone ridge. Other parts which emerge above the water are the islets of Burhou and Ortac. Little grows on them. Origin of name. Theories as to the origin of the name include:  A map ("Leyland map") dated from around 1640 gives a Latin name "Casus Rupes" (broken rocks), which would seem to confirm the third theory above, but which may be a folk etymology. History. Wrecks. There have been numerous wrecks on the islets; fierce tides reaching 6-7 knots on springs and a lack of landmarks account for many wrecks in the area. The most famous include SS "Stella", wrecked in 1899. The largest wreck was the 8000 tonne water tanker "Constantia S". It was believed for centuries that HMS "Victory" was wrecked in 1744 on the Casquets, the lightkeeper of Alderney even being court-martialled for failure to keep the light on at the time of the ship's loss. However, when the wreck of that ship was found in 2008, it was over 60 nautical miles (110 km) from the Casquets. Casquets lighthouses. The first lighthouses started operation on 30 October 1724, and were three towers lit by coal fires called St Peter, St Thomas and the Dungeon. Three stone towers were built so the lights would not look like those in nearby France. They were built by Thomas Le Cocq, owner of the rocks, under licence from Trinity House and who was paid a halfpenny per ton of ship when vessels passed the rocks and in turn he paid Trinity House 50 pounds per year for the right to run the lighthouses. The lighthouses reverted to Trinity House in 1785. They were converted to oil lamps with metal reflectors which were first used on 25 November 1790; and upgraded again with apparatus to rotate a