ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
A matross was a soldier of artillery. He was a member of an artillery (gun) crew. A matross ranked next below a gunner. The duty of a matross was to assist the gunners in loading, firing and sponging the guns. They were armed with muskets and bayonets. They marched with the store-wagons, acting as guards. In the American army a matross ranked as a private of artillery.  History. Matrosses were first used in the British Army in 1639. Before that they were called gunner's assistants. In the German language a matrose means a sailor. The work assigned to the matross was considered sailor's work on a ship. It was an effort to give the assistant a respectable title. But their pay rate remained the same. In 1873 all matrosses were promoted to the rank of gunner. The rank of matross was no longer used. A soldier's manual for artillery used by Americans in the Revolutionary war gave a detailed instruction for a matross. In part it said: By the War of 1812 an ideal gun crew could be up to 15 men. Each man would have a specific task in the sequence of loading and firing the artillery piece. Often a non-commissioned officer would commanded the gun crew and aimed the gun. Like the other gun crew members, the matross had a specific place to stand as he performed his duties. References. &lt;br&gt;
David Rotem (‎; 11 January 1949 – 8 June 2015) was an Israeli politician. He served as a member of the Knesset for Yisrael Beiteinu between 2007 and 2015. He was born in Bnei Brak to a Orthodox Jewish family, and grew up in Jerusalem. Rotem died from cardiac arrest on 8 June 2015 in Efrat, West Bank, aged 66.
The Iceland women's national football team is a women's association football team that represents Iceland. Although the team has not qualified for a FIFA Women's World Cup, it has been at two UEFA Women's Championship tournaments. As of 8 June 2015, The top scorer is Margrét Lára Viðarsdóttir with 70 goals, and the woman with the most appearances is Katrín Jónsdóttir with 132 caps. Other websites. Official website
Katrín Jónsdóttir (born on 31 May 1977 in Reykjavík, Iceland) is former Icelandic association football defender who played for various clubs throughout Norway, Iceland and Sweden, most notably Valur. She was a regular in the Iceland women's national football team, and she now has the record for the most appearances for the team. Club career. She has played for the Icelandic clubs of Valur, Breiðablik UBK, Stjarnan; the Norwegian club of Kolbotn Fotball; and the Swedish clubs of Umeå IK and Djurgårdens IF. International career. Jónsdóttir played for the Under-17 and Under 21 Icelandic youth teams. She made her senior team debut in May of 1994 in a exhibition game against Scotland.  She helped Iceland qualify for the UEFA Women's Championship in 2009, however, her team lost all three group stage matches against Norway, France and Germany. She appeared in the UEFA Women's Euro 2013 and helped her team advance to the knockout stage, where Iceland would eventually get knocke out in the quarter-finals against Sweden.
Wapping is an area in East London. It is in the borough of Tower Hamlets, in London, United Kingdom. Wapping is by the River Thames (the longest river in England). Wapping was probably named by the Saxons when they lived here. Their leader was named Waeppa. England's first marine police force was created in 1798 in Wapping. There were 163 bombs dropped in Wapping (including St Katherine's docks) during World War II. This was from October 7, 1940 to June 6, 1941. There is a famous landmark in Wapping called the Prospect of Whitby which is a very famous pub. In Wapping there are two primary schools. St. Peter's London Docks primary school and Hermitage primary school. References. &lt;br&gt;
Deepin is a free operating system that uses the Linux kernel. It is one of the most popular Chinese Linux distributions and it is based on Debian. The goal with deepin is to make it easy to use and install onto a computer. deepin can be used on all types of personal computers. deepin is downloaded as a DVD, which is free to download on the deepin website. It can be installed or tested by running the DVD. Started in 2004, deepin has been developed at a fast rate by Wuhan Deepin Technology Co., Ltd, a Chinese company. Releases. The release cycle has followed various schedules but currently aims at four releases per year. Releases are delayed if the work of development and testing has not been completed. Comparison with Debian, Ubuntu and deepin. deepin is based on Debian and both distributions have a lot in common. Both distributions use the same software repositories. Most differences are on the desktop. Debian has a vastly larger support community than deepin. However, the majority of Debian help and advice is also applicable to deepin. Debian and deepin support also x86-64 CPU architecture. Many popular multimedia codecs are not installed by default in deepin. deepin and many other gratis GNU/Linux distributions such as Debian and Ubuntu, do not distribute these codecs with the initial install media due to patent encumberment issues. deepin 2014.x was based on Ubuntu; Ubuntu and deepin both focus on usability, but deepin offers a different user experience (DDE) and it includes a number of applications that are not available in Ubuntu (Deepin Store).
Extragalactic astronomy is astronomy about objects outside our Milky Way galaxy. It is the study of everything that is not covered in galactic astronomy: the study of objects in our galaxy. Because of improvements in technology, we can see distant objects in more detail. Two versions of extragalactic astronomy are: near-extragalactic astronomy (the study of galaxies in our Local Group) and far-extragalactic astronomy (the study of objects outside our Local Group).  Pages on extragalactic astronomy include:
Snapchat is a photo sharing app. Using the app, people can take pictures, add a text or drawing and send them to a list of contacts. The service started in September 2011. At first it was intended to send selfies that would disappear quickly but people learned how to save the pictures. In June 2017 the app added "Snap Map". Snap Map is a feature that broadcasts the user's location on a map. This caused concerns over privacy and safety. In June 2022, Snapchat introduced Snapchat Plus, a paid subscription offering early access to features, custom app icons, and the ability to see who rewatched stories.  In July 2022, Snapchat+ feature, Friend Solar System, get famous for its unique way of ranking best friends in a solar system format.
Reus is a city in Catalonia, Spain. It is the capital of Baix Camp, in the province of Tarragona. The area has always been an important producer of wines and spirits. It was famous at one time for its brandy. Today Reus is a popular center for rock-climbing. As of 2014, 104,962 people live in the city. The famous architect, Antoni Gaudí, was born in Reus. The poet and playwright Joaquín Bartrina (1850–1880) was born in Reus. References. &lt;br&gt;
Raheem Shaquille Sterling (born 8 December 1994) is an English football player. He currently plays for the English Premier League team Chelsea in the winger position. He received the Golden Boy award for 2014 from a pan-European panel of sports journalists.  "As of match played 8 September 2020. England score listed first, score column indicates score after each Sterling goal."
Zin Mar Aung (; born 14 June 1976) is a Burmese activist. She received the International Women of Courage Award from the U.S State Department in 2012. Life. Zin Mar Aung studied botany in the university. She received a degree from the University of Distance Education in Yangon.  Work. Zin Mar Aung was part of the Burma democracy movement. Because of this, she was a political prisoner for eleven years. She started a group for Asian culture and democracy. She also started a group to help women who were political prisoners. She also helped start a group for women's empowerment. In 2012, she became the leader of an organization for ethnic minorities in war areas. In 2013 she started to work with the International Foundation for Electoral Systems on women’s political empowerment under the Global Women’s Leadership Fund.
Dabbala Rajagopal (Raj) Reddy (born Kattoor, India 19 June 1937) is an Indian computer scientist and Carnegie Mellon University professor. He is noted for his contributions to artificial intelligence, robotics and speech recognition. Reddy developed Hearsay I, the first speech recognition system, which is the foundation for all commercial speech recognition programs today. He received his master's degree in computer science at the University of New South Wales in 1961 and his PhD from Stanford University in 1966. Reddy served on the faculty of Stanford and Carnegie Mellon University for over 40 years. He has won many international awards for his work, including the Turing Award (which is computer science's greatest honor), membership in the National Academy of Engineering and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the Legion of Honour, the IBM Research Ralph Gomory Fellow Award, the Padma Bhushan, the Okawa Prize, the Honda Prize, the IJCAI Donald E. Walker Distinguished Service Award, and the Vannevar Bush Award. Other sources. "Raj Reddy." World of Computer Science. Gale, 2006. Biography in Context. Web. 8 May 2015. "Dr Raj Reddy makes PCs talk the masses language." Businessline. 21 Dec. 2004 eLibrary. Web. 29 May. 2015. http://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/reddy_9634208.cfm http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1533587/Raj-Reddy
Samar Mohammad Badawi (Arabic: سمر بدوي born 1981) is a Saudi Arabian human rights activist. In 2012, she received the International Women of Courage Award from the U.S. State department. "Adhl" court case. Samar started a court case against her father, who abused her for 15 years. She accused her father of "adhl", because he did not permit her to marry. Samar's father started a court case against her. He accused her of disobedience, because he was her guardian. In Saudi Arabia, all women must have a guardian. Samar went to jail in April 2010. In October 2010, she got out of jail, after an international campaign. Her uncle became her new guardian. Campaign for women to vote. Samar tried to register to vote in the 2011 Saudi Arabian elections. Her registration was refused. She started a court case against the Ministry of Municipal and Rural affairs. Campaign for women to drive. In 2011 and 2012, Samar was part of the Women to drive movement. She drove regularly, and she helped other women drivers with police and court cases. In November 2011, Samar and Manal al-Sharif applied for driver's licenses. Their applications were refused. They filed charges with the Grievances Board against the Saudi Arabian General Directorate of Traffic. American citizenship. In November 2013, Samar wrote on Twitter that she received American nationality. Problems with travel. On 16 September 2014, Samar went to a meeting of the United Nations Human Rights Council in Geneva, Switzerland. She represented the organizations Americans for Democracy and Human Rights in Bahrain (ADHRB), the Bahrain Institute of Rights and Democracy (BIRD), and Human Rights Watch in Saudi Arabia. She spoke about Human Rights advocates in Saudi Arabia, and her husband, Waleed Abulkhair. Her husband was in jail because he was an activist. On 18 September 2014, Samar met with the High Commissioner of Human Rights, Prince Zeid bin Ra'ad. On 20 September 2014, she went to the US, where she met with US Senators and Secret
Shad Begum (شاد بیگم) is a social worker from Pakistan. In 2012 she received the International Women of Courage Award from the U.S. Department of State.  Life. Shad comes from a conservative and religious family. She is the first woman in her family to study in a university. Shad's family supports the political party named Jamaat-i-Islami, a conservative religious party. Shad says she always got support for her work from her father, her brothers, and her husband.  Work. In 1994, Shad started the Association for Behaviour and Knowledge Transformation (ABKT). The organization helps women in the area with projects for education, politics, and health. It also has projects for bridges, pumps, wells, streets, and loans for small business. The association gets its money from the Pakistani government and from international groups. Difficulties. Shad had many problems because the society is conservative and dominated by men. There are very few working women. When the Taliban came to the area, Shad was threatened, so she moved the office to Peshawar. When Shad received the International Women of Courage Award, she asked news reporters not to write about it, because she was afraid.
Maryam Durani (مَریَم دورانی) (born 1987) is an activist and women's advocate. In 2012 she received the International Women of Courage Award.  Life. Mariyam is the daughter of Haji Mohammad Eisa Durani. She is from the Durrani tribe. Maryam graduated from the American University of Afghanistan. She has a degree in business. She also studied law and political science.  Work. Mariyam was Kandahar people’s representative in the provincial council. She was director of Khadijatul Kubra women's association for culture. She was the owner of Merman Radio of Kandahar, a special women's radio. She started the Kandahar women's advocacy network. Maryam also started Malalai Maiwandi Internet cafe, a free women's internet cafe. It is a safe space for women to use the internet, and the first of its kind in Afghanistan.  Awards. In 2012, Time Magazine chose Maryam as one of "The 100 Most Influential People in the World". According to Time, "As the owner and operator of a radio station (Merman Radio) that focuses on women's issues and as a member of the Kandahar provincial council, Durani stands up for the region's women with remarkable bravery." In March 8, 2012 she received the U.S. Secretary of State’s International Women of Courage Award. In May 2014, Maryam received the Roosevelt Four Freedoms Award in Middelburg, [[the Netherlands]]. Freedom of Speech and Expression  Other websites. [[Category:Women who received the International Women of Courage Award]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Afghan women's rights activists]] [[Category:1987 births]] [[Category:Kandahar Province]]
Pricilla de Oliveira Azevedo is a Brazilian police officer. In 2012 she received the International Women of Courage Award.  Work. In 1998, de Oliveira joined the Rio de Janeiro military police. In 2000 she started work in street operations. In 2007, she was attacked and kidnapped. She escaped and arrested three of her kidnappers. In 2008 she became head of the first “Police Pacification Unit” (UPP) in Rio de Janeiro. In 2013, a man disappeared in Rocinha. The officers of the Police Pacification Unit were accused of being part of the crime. De Oliveira became head of the police unit.  Awards. In 2012 De Oliveira received the International Women of Courage award, and "Veja" magazine named her Defender of the City.
Amor de barrio (English title: "Love from the Hood"), is a Mexican telenovela produced by Roberto Hernández for Televisa. It is a remake of the 1979 Mexican telenovela, "Muchacha de barrio". Production of "Amor de barrio" began on February 23, 2015. The telenovela began airing on June 8, 2015. The program is expected to have 210 episodes. Cast. Mane de la Parra, Renata Notni, Alejandra García and Pedro Moreno star as the main characters. Plot. Living and working in the colorful neighborhood, La Lagunilla, two friends, Paloma and Laura, long for respective boyfriends and true love. Paloma, a law student and waitress, falls for Daniel, a wealthy doctor with a manipulative mother and a family filled with secrets. Laura finds love with Daniel's cousin, Raul, a business manager with his own complicated past.
Hana Elhebshi or Hana El Hebshi is a Libyan activist and architect. In 2012 she received the International Women of Courage Award. During the Libyan revolution, Hana advised NATO on strikes. She also made public how many people Gaddafi's government killed during the war. She did this under the name "Numidia". She also fought for women's rights in Libya.
Gwen Verdon (January 13, 1925 – October 18, 2000) was an American dancer and actress. She acted on stage and in movies. She won four Tony Awards for her musical comedy performances. In the musical "Damn Yankees", she played Lola. She played Abigail in "The Farmer Takes a Wife". Verdon was born in Culver City, California. She died following a heart attack in Vermont at age 75.
Patricia Kimberley Reid (later called Kim Stanley; February 11, 1925 – August 20, 2001) was an American actress. She acted mostly in theater and television. She also acted in a few movies. Stanley began her acting career in theater. She received the 1952 Theatre World Award for her role in "The Chase" (1952). During the 1950s, she worked a lot in television. She played Emily Ann Faulkner in "The Goddess" (1959). She later played Adult Scout in "To Kill a Mockingbird". Stanley was born in Tularosa, New Mexico. She died in Santa Fe, New Mexico from uterine cancer.
Renata Notni (born January 2, 1995 in Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico) is a Mexican actress and model. Early life. Notni was born in Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico. As a child, she attended acting lessons at Centro de Educación Artística, the children's version of drama school. Centro de Educación Artística is run by Televisa in Mexico City. Personal life. Notni had a relationship with Diego Amozurrutia. The relationship ended but they remain friends. She currently resides in Mexico City. Other websites. &lt;br&gt;
Kenya Airways is the flag carrier of Kenya. It began in 1977 after East African Airways stopped flying. Its main hub is at JKIA. In 1995, KLM and Kenya Airways signed a codeshare agreement. KLM purchased 26% of Kenya airline's shares. Kenya Airways joined the SkyTeam alliance in 2010 as a full member. As of 2015, the airline has 43 airplanes. They fly to Africa, Europe and Asia. Fleet. Current fleet. , the Kenya Airways fleet consists of the following aircraft: References. &lt;br&gt;
Mentone may mean one of many places: Also, Menton, France can be "Mentone".
Dr. Fu Manchu is a fictional character in novels by British author Sax Rohmer in the first half of the 20th century. The character was also featured in cinema, television, radio, comic strips and comic books for over 90 years He is an archetype of the evil genius. Details. The author's description of him was: "Imagine a person, tall, lean and feline, high-shouldered, with a brow like Shakespeare and a face like Satan, ... one giant intellect, with all the resources of science past and present ... Imagine that awful being, and you have a mental picture of Dr. Fu-Manchu, the yellow peril incarnate in one man".–"The Insidious Dr. Fu Manchu" A master criminal, Fu Manchu's murderous plots are marked by a use of biological warfare. He usually avoids guns or explosives, preferring dacoits, thuggee, and members of other secret societies as his agents. They use knives, or "pythons and cobras ... fungi and my tiny allies, the bacilli ... my black spiders" and other peculiar animals or natural chemical weapons. In the earliest books, Fu Manchu is an agent of the secret society, the "Si-Fan". and is the mastermind behind a wave of assassinations of Western imperialists. In later books, he seeks control of the Si-Fan. The Si-Fan is largely funded through criminal activities, particularly the drug trade and white slavery. Dr. Fu Manchu has extended his already considerable lifespan by use of the "elixir vitae" (elixir of life), a formula he spent decades trying to perfect. Fu Manchu is opposed by a typical English detective of the Sherlock Holmes type: Denis Nayland Smith. Fu Manchu's daughter, Fah Lo Suee, is a devious mastermind in her own right, plotting to usurp her father's position in the Si-Fan, and aiding his enemies within and outside of the organisation. Her real name is unknown; Fah lo Suee was a childhood term of endearment. She has been played by Anna May Wong, Myrna Loy, and several other actresses. Criticism.
Grand Theft Auto is a series of video games created by a company named Rockstar Games. The game is very popular in the world. Due to this popularity it has become a platform to develop small programs which are called mods. The full form is modifications. The name itself suggests that it makes small modifications in the game and gives it special abilities which have not given by the creators. There are several websites on the web which provide mods of most of the GTA games. Some mods are installed externally in the game directory while installing some mods require to replace it with an original file. People could install many mods and create their own GTA with new players, missions, etc. The web is already filled with many mods. Grand Theft Auto Roleplay Mod. Mods are modifications created by the community to change or expand the game. Mods are about adding new functions, improvements or even completely new game elements GTA. GTA Roleplay stands for roleplay in the world of Grand Theft Auto, giving players the unique opportunity to slip into the skin of different characters and write their own story. Whether as a gangster boss on the streets or a police officer for law and order - there are no limits to creativity in GTA 6 RP. Unlike in GTA Online, players in GTA RP can communicate with other players via voice chat.
Wage theft is when employers illegally hold back money due to their workers (employees). They may withhold wages or deny benefits that are rightfully due to an employee. It is a term used in the in the United States, but the idea applies more widely.  Examples are: failure to pay overtime, paying less than the minimum wage, illegal deductions in pay, working off the clock, or not being paid at all. Wage theft from low wage immigrant workers is common in the United States. The Economic Policy Institute reported in 2014 that survey evidence suggests wage theft costs US workers billions of dollars a year. The rights violated by wage theft have been guaranteed to workers in the United States in the 1938 Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA). In February 2010 Miami-Dade County, Florida became the first jurisdiction in America to ban wage theft. Before that, wage theft was called "the crime wave that almost no one talks about".
Thomas Dartmouth Rice (May 20, 1808 – September 19, 1860) was an American entertainer. He developed a character called Jim Crow. Using African-American speech, song, and dance, Rice performed successfully as Jim Crow in America and England. Rice is known as the "Father of the Minstrel Show".  Early years. Rice was born in New York City in 1808. He had some formal schooling, and was apprenticed to a woodcarver in his teens. By 1827 though, he had entered the entertainment field and was acting in theaters around the United States. Career. About 1828, Rice developed a burnt-cork blackface character called Jim Crow. This character was a witty, raggedy black man, and was based on a real-life black stableman Rice saw singing and dancing to a tune called "Jump Jim Crow". By 1830, Rice was performing in theaters as Jim Crow. His act was widely popular in America and England.  In the last quarter of the nineteenth century, "Jim Crow" became a term used to describe racial segregation laws in the United States. Whites referred to all black males as "Jim Crows". Rice wrote and appeared in "Ginger Blue, Jim Crow in London", and a comic rendition of "Othello". He also appeared on Broadway as the title character in an adaptation of "Uncle Tom's Cabin". Death. About 1840, Rice began to suffer from a paralysis that affected his speech and movement. He died of a stroke on September 19, 1860, and was buried in Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn, New York.
A LED lamp is a product that uses a Light-emitting diode and that is assembled into a lamp or a light bulb. LED lamps last much longer, and are more efficient than incandescent lamps. Many LED lamps are also better than fluorescent lamps.  Unlike fluorescent lamps, most LED lamps do not need to "warm up" before they emit the full amount of light.