ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Chelsea Kane Staub (born September 15, 1988) is an American actress and singer professionally known as Chelsea Kane since December 2010. She is best known for her role as Stella Malone in the Disney Channel sitcom "Jonas L.A.". She also appeared in the Disney Channel Original Movies, "Minutemen" and "Starstruck". She also co-stars in the Disney Channel animated series, "Fish Hooks". Career. Kane grew up in Phoenix, Arizona, where she attended Mohave Middle School. She is an alumna of Valley Youth Theatre. In 2007, she played her first starring role as well as her first theatrical role, in the theatrical motion picture "", as "Meredith Baxter Dimly", the film's primary antagonist. She performs two of the songs on the film's soundtrack. In 2008, she acted in one of the Disney Channel Original Movies "Minutemen" as "Stephanie Jameson", which aired on Disney Channel in January 2008. She will be in the Jonas Brothers' brand new Disney Channel series "JONAS" as "Stella Malone", the boys' stylist and childhood best friend. She also has a song written about her performed by The Summer Set.
The common marmoset ("Callithrix jacchus") is a very small New World monkey that lives in Brazil. Marmosets can found in many forest habitats. Common marmosets eat gum, sap, latex, and resin from trees the most out of all the members of the "Callithrix" family.  A common group of marmosets is made up of 15 members, but usually has nine members. Common marmosets have a complex mating system. In a group of marmosets, there will usually be one or two females that will have babies and one male to be the father. The females are usually closely related, while the male is distantly related. If the male dies, the group will break up and form new groups. When marmosets get older, they leave the group they were raised with. It is not known why. To show fear or submission, marmosets flatten their ear-tufts close to their heads. Marmoset alarm calls tend to be brief and high-pitched. Marmosets monitor and find group members with calls called "trills".
An intron is a non-coding sequence in a gene. It is any nucleotide sequence within a gene that is removed by RNA splicing to get the final RNA product of a gene. The term "intron" refers to both the DNA sequence within a gene, and the corresponding sequence in RNA transcripts.  Sequences of coding DNA which are joined together in the final RNA after RNA splicing are exons. They code for amino acids in the final polypeptide. Introns are in the genes of most organisms and many viruses. They can be in a wide range of genes, including those that generate proteins, ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and transfer RNA (tRNA). RNA splicing takes place after transcription and before translation. The discovery of introns led to the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1993 for Phillip Sharp and Richard Roberts. The term "intron" was introduced by American biochemist Walter Gilbert. Biological meaning. There are many unanswered questions about introns. It is unclear whether introns serve some specific function, or whether they are selfish DNA which reproduces itself as a parasite. Recent studies of entire eukaryotic genomes have now shown that the lengths and density (introns/gene) of introns varies considerably between related species. There are four or five different kinds of intron. Some introns represent mobile genetic elements (transposons). Alternative splicing of introns within a gene allows a variety of protein isoforms from a single gene. Thus multiple related proteins can be generated from a single gene and a single precursor mRNA transcript. The control of alternative RNA splicing is performed by complex network of signalling molecules. In humans, ~95% of genes with more than one exon are alternatively spliced.
Lake Clarke Shores is a town in Palm Beach County, Florida, United States. The population was 3,564 at the 2020 census. Land. Lake Clarke Shores is next to the cities of West Palm Beach and Lake Worth Beach. The Village of Palm Springs is west of the town. The town is roughly bounded by Interstate 95 to the east, Florida Mango Road to the west, Summit Boulevard to the north, except for the Lake Patrick neighborhood, and 10th Avenue North to the south, except for the Waterside neighborhood.  Lake Clarke Shores is located at (26.645644, -80.075379). According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of . of it is land and of it (10.8%) is water. People. As of the census of 2020, there were 3,564 people living in the town. The people made up 1,414 households. The population density was 3,860 people per square mile (1,490/km²). There were 1,478 housing units at an average density of 1,600 per square mile (618/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 67.1% White (60.0% were Non-Hispanic White), 3.2% African American, 0.1% Native American, 1.7% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 6.6% from other races, and 21.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 32.7% of the population. There were 1,414 households out of which 31.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.8% were married couples living together, 7.6% were unmarried couples living together, 24.3% had a female householder with no husband or partner, and 12.4% had a male householder with no wife or partner. 20.4% of all households were made up of people living alone and 10.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years
Flagler County, in Florida, United States, was created in 1917. It was named for Henry Morrison Flagler, a famous railroad builder who built the Florida East Coast Railway. At the 2020 census, 115,378 people lived in the county. In 1998, when two brush fires threatened to become one huge brush fire in Flagler County, a mandatory evacuation was ordered for the entire county. This was the first and so far the only time a whole county was evacuated in Florida. Flagler is also a sports town. Three Flagler baseball teams have made it to the State Tournament in the last 2 years. Land. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and (15.0%) is water. People. At the 2020 census, 115,378 people lived in the county. There were 48,450 households and 804 people who did not live in households. The population density was 237.3 people per square mile (91.6/km²). The median age was 54.0 years (52.8 for males, 54.9 for females). Of the total population, 16.5% were under 18 years old, 51.3% were 18 to 64, and 32.2% were 65 or over. Males made up 48.0% and females made up 52.0% of the people. The population was 73.1% White (non-Latino), 10.7% Hispanic or Latino, 9.1% Black (non-Latino), 2.1% Asian (non-Latino), and 4.1% "Two or more races" (non-Latino). Less than 1% of the people were from other races. Of the 48,450 households, 34,022 (70.2%) were families, 10,575 (21.8%) had children under 18, 26,528 (54.8%) had a married couple, and 11,619 (24.0%) had one person living
David James "Mac" McAllister (born 12 January 1971) is a German politician of the conservative Christian Democratic Union (CDU). On 1 July 2010 he was elected Minister-President of the state of Lower Saxony, succeeding Christian Wulff, who resigned following his election as President of Germany. Until 2013, McAllister headed a coalition government with the liberal FDP, the Cabinet McAllister. In 2013, he was succeeded by Social Democrat Stephan Weil. Since 2014 he has been a Member of the European Parliament. A lawyer by profession, he has been the chairman of the CDU parliamentary group in the Landtag of Lower Saxony from 2003 to 2010 and was elected chairman of the state party from 2008 until 2016. From 2010 until 2013, he was also a member of the supervisory board of Volkswagen. McAllister is of German and Scottish descent, and he leads a state that has historic ties to Britain, as the old Kingdom of Hanover makes up parts of the state and the state capital is Hanover City. Biography. McAllister was born in West Berlin on 12 January 1971 to a Scottish father and a German mother. His father, James Buchanan McAllister, was a British civil servant, originally from Glasgow (where the family still has relatives). He had been stationed in West Berlin since 1969, attached to the Royal Corps of Signals. His mother, Mechthild McAllister, is a music teacher. David McAllister was raised bilingual (speaking English and German) and attended a British primary school in Berlin. After his parents moved to the small town of Bad Bederkesa in Lower Saxony in 1982, he went to the Lower Saxon "Internatsgymnasium" (boarding school) in Bederkesa, where he took his Abitur in 1989. From 1989 till 1991, McAllister served as a soldier in the Bundeswehr, in Panzerbataillon 74 in Cuxhaven. From 1991–96 he studied law
Dixie County is a county in the U.S. state of Florida. As of 2020, 16,759 people lived there. Its county seat is Cross City, Florida. History. Dixie County was created in 1921 from the southern portion of Lafayette County. "Dixie" is a common nickname for the Southern United States. Land. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and (18.4%) is water. People. At the 2020 census, 16,759 people lived in the county. There were 6,248 households and 1,876 people who did not live in households. The population density was 23.8 people per square mile (9.2/km²). The median age was 47.5 years (45.6 for males, 49.9 for females). Of the total population, 18.1% were under 18 years old, 58.8% were 18 to 64, and 23.2% were 65 or over. Males made up 55.6% and females made up 44.4% of the people. The population was 82.0% White (non-Latino), 9.3% Black (non-Latino), 4.1% Hispanic or Latino, and 3.7% "Two or more races" (non-Latino). Less than 1% of the people were from other races. Of the 6,248 households, 3,905 (62.5%) were families, 1,545 (24.7%) had children under 18, 2,706 (43.3%) had a married couple, and 1,868 (29.9%) had one person living alone. The average household size was 2.4 people. There were 9,276 housing units, and 67.4% had people living in them all year, while 21.5% were for seasonal use (part of the year). Of the households, 79.7% were owner-occupied, while
Gadsden County is a county in the panhandle of the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2020 census, 43,826 people lived there. Its county seat is Quincy, Florida. Gadsden County is the only majority African American county in Florida. Gadsden County is home to only one public high school - Gadsden County High School, located on Highway 90 east of Quincy. The county is part of the Tallahassee, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area. History. Gadsden County was created in 1823. It was named for James Gadsden of South Carolina. He was Andrew Jackson's aide-de-camp in Florida in 1818. There were once only two high schools that blacks in Gadsden County could attend: Carter-Parramore (which is now a middle school) and Stevens High Schools. Land. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and (2.3%) is water. Gadsden County is part of the Tallahassee Metropolitan Statistical Area. Gadsden County is in the Eastern Time Zone. Its western border with Jackson County forms the boundary in this area between the Eastern and Central Time Zones. Politics. Gadsden County is known for being a stronghold of the Democratic Party in north Florida, along with Leon County and Jefferson County to its east, and Alachua County to its southeast.  People. Gadsden County is the state's only county with an African American majority population. At the 2020 census, 43,826 people lived in the county. There were 16,806 households and 2,073 people who did not live in households. The population density was 84.9 people per square mile (32.8/km²). The median age was 43.4 years (41.7 for males, 45.1 for females). Of the total population, 21.0% were under 18 years old, 59.0% were 18 to 64, and 20.0% were 65 or over. Males made up 48.7% and females
Gulf County is a county in the panhandle of the U.S. state of Florida. As of 2020, 14,192 people lived there. Its county seat is Port St. Joe, Florida. History. Gulf County, created in 1925, was named for the Gulf of Mexico. Wewahitchka was its first county seat and the 1927 Gulf County Courthouse is still there. In 1965, the county seat was moved to Port Saint Joe, which under its original name Saint Joseph, had been the site of Florida's first Constitutional Convention in 1838. Land. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and (25.4%) is water. Gulf County is one of a few counties in the United States to be in two time zones, Eastern and Central in this case. Other examples include Idaho County, Idaho, and Malheur County, Oregon, having parts in both Mountain and Pacific Time Zones as well as Cherry County, Nebraska which is in both the Mountain and Central Time Zones.  People. At the 2020 census, 14,192 people lived in the county. There were 5,571 households and 1,233 people who did not live in households. The population density was 25.6 people per square mile (9.9/km²). The median age was 48.8 years (46.7 for males, 51.5 for females). Of the total population, 16.7% were under 18 years old, 58.7% were 18 to 64, and 24.6% were 65 or over. Males made up 53.4% and females made up 46.6% of the people. The population was 79.1% White (non-Latino), 11.9% Black (non-Latino), 3.9% Hispanic or Latino, and 4.0% "Two or more races" (non-Latino). Other races each made up less than 1% of the population. Of the 5,571 households,
A spliceosome is a complex of special RNA and protein subunits. Spliceosomes are amazingly complex molecular machines. They remove introns from a transcribed pre-mRNA segment. This process is generally referred to as splicing. Each spliceosome is composed of five small nuclear RNAs, (snRNA)s, and more than 50 proteins.
Hamilton County is a county in the U.S. state of Florida. As of 2020, 14,004 people lived there. Its county seat is Jasper, Florida. History. Hamilton County was created in 1827 from portions of Jefferson County. It was named for Alexander Hamilton, first United States Secretary of the Treasury. Land. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and (1.0%) is water. The Suwannee River forms the borders it shares with all of the neighboring Florida counties - Suwannee County, Columbia County, and Madison County. People. At the 2020 census, 14,004 people lived in the county. There were 4,690 households and 2,435 people who did not live in households. The population density was 27.2 people per square mile (10.5/km²). The median age was 43.0 years (41.1 for males, 45.9 for females). Of the total population, 19.1% were under 18 years old, 62.0% were 18 to 64, and 18.9% were 65 or over. Males made up 57.7% and females made up 42.3% of the people. The population was 54.5% White (non-Latino), 31.6% Black (non-Latino), 10.4% Hispanic or Latino, and 2.7% "Two or more races" (non-Latino). Less than 1% of the people were from other races. Of the 4,690 households, 3,072 (65.5%) were families, 1,365 (29.1%) had children under 18, 1,933 (41.2%) had a married couple, and 1,372 (29.3%) had one person living alone. The average household size was 2.5 people. There were 5,596 housing units, and 83.8% had people living in them all year. Of these households, 72.9
RNA splicing is a stage in gene transcription. Messenger RNA (mRNA), which transfers the code from DNA to proteins, is built in two stages.  In the first stage, each gene is translated into a pre-mRNA. Then the exons in pre-mRNAs are joined by splicing, which is done in the spliceosomes.  This is needed because the gene is split into code sections called exons and non-coding sections called introns. The exons are brought together by splicing. So, in molecular biology, splicing is a process where introns are removed and exons are joined. This makes the final mRNA. This messenger RNA is then used to produce a correct protein by translation.  Alternative splicing. In many cases, the splicing process creates a range of unique proteins by varying the exon composition of the same messenger RNA. This phenomenon is called alternative splicing. Alternative splicing can occur in many ways. Exons can be extended or skipped, or introns can be retained. Eukaryotes vs prokaryotes. Splicing occurs in all the kingdoms or domains of life, however, the extent and types of splicing can be very different between the major divisions. Eukaryotes splice many protein-coding messenger RNAs and some non-coding RNAs. Prokaryotes, on the other hand, splice rarely. Another important difference is that prokaryotes completely lack spliceosomes. Discovery. Phillip Sharp and Richard Roberts were awarded the 1993 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discovery of introns and the splicing process. In 1977, work by the Sharp and Roberts labs showed that genes of higher organisms are "split" or present in several distinct segments along the DNA molecule.  The coding regions of the gene are separated by non-coding DNA which is not involved in protein expression. The non-coding regions, the introns, are cut from the precursor mRNAs in a process Sharp called "splicing". The split gene structure was found to be common to most eukaryotic genes.
Holmes County is a county in the U.S. state of Florida. As of 2020, 19,653 people lived there. Its county seat is Bonifay, Florida. History. Holmes County was named after an Indian Chief that lived in the area when the land was settled. Holmes County has had three county seats in its history, the first being Cerro Gordo, then Westville, and finally Bonifay. Bonifay has been the county seat since 1905. Historic places. Historic places in the county include: Land. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and (2.1%) is water. People. At the 2020 census, 19,653 people lived in the county. There were 7,282 households and 1,912 people who did not live in households. The population density was 41.0 people per square mile (15.8/km²). The median age was 43.1 years (41.2 for males, 45.4 for females). Of the total population, 20.6% were under 18 years old, 58.7% were 18 to 64, and 20.7% were 65 or over. Males made up 53.4% and females made up 46.6% of the people. The population was 85.3% White (non-Latino), 6.2% Black (non-Latino), 3.5% Hispanic or Latino, and 3.8% "Two or more races" (non-Latino). Other races each made up less than 1% of the population. Of the 7,282 households, 4,778 (65.6%) were families, 2,094 (28.8%) had children under 18, 3,371 (46.3%) had a married couple, and 2,158 (29.6%) had one person living alone. The average household size was 2.4 people. There were 8,622 housing units, and 84.5%
Nassau County is a county in the state of Florida. As of 2020, 90,352 people lived there. Its county seat is Fernandina Beach, Florida. Nassau County is part of the Greater Jacksonville Metropolitan area. History. Nassau County was created in 1824. It was named for the Duchy of Nassau in Germany. Law and government. Nassau County is governed by the five-member Nassau County Board of County Commissioners, who are elected to four-year terms by the voters. The terms are set up so that either three or two commissioners (alternately) are up for election every two years. The main environmental and agricultural body is the Nassau County Soil and Water Conservation District, which works closely with other area agencies. Local law enforcement is conducted by the Nassau County Sheriff's Office. Land. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of , of which is land and (10.6%) is water, much of it in the Atlantic Ocean. Fernandina Beach is located on Amelia Island, the county’s only island with people living on it. People. At the 2020 census, 90,352 people lived in the county. There were 35,919 households and 747 people who did not live in households. The population density was 139.3 people per square mile (53.8/km²). The median age was 46.9 years (45.7 for males, 48.1 for females). Of the total population, 20.1% were under 18 years old, 56.2% were 18 to 64, and 23.7% were 65 or over. Males made up 48.7% and females made up 51.3% of the people. The population was 83.9% White (non-Latino), 5.5% Black (non-Latino), 4.9% Hispanic or Latino, 1.0% Asian, and 4.1% "Two or more races" (non-Latino). Less than 1% of the people were from other races. Of
Alternative splicing allows DNA to code for more than one protein. It varies the exon make-up of the messenger RNA. In alternative splicing the exons of the pre-messenger RNA produced by transcription are reconnected in different ways during RNA splicing. This produces different mature messenger RNAs from the same gene. They get translated into different proteins. Thus, a single gene may code for multiple proteins. Alternative splicing is normal in eukaryotes. It greatly increases the diversity of proteins that can be encoded by the genome. In humans, ~95% of multiexonic genes are alternatively spliced. There are various kinds of alternative splicing: the most common is exon skipping. An exon may be included in mRNAs under some conditions or in particular tissues, and omitted from the mRNA in others. There are splicing activators that promote the use of a particular splice site, and splicing repressors that reduce the use of a particular site. New types of alternative splicing are being found. Abnormal variations in splicing occur in disease. Many human genetic disorders come from splicing variants. Abnormal splicing variants may also contribute to the development of cancer. High-throughput sequencing of RNA can for example be used to measure the genome-scale amount of deviating alternative splicing, such as in a cohort of colorectal cancers, where high amount of aberrant splicing was associated to poor patient survival. Non-working splicing products are usually dealt with by post-transcriptional quality control. That is, they are chopped up by enzymes. Source of diversity. Alternative splicing (the re-combination of different exons) is a major source of genetic diversity in eukaryotes. One particular Drosophila gene (DSCAM) can be alternatively spliced into 38,000 different mRNA.
Gun control is the attempt, usually by a government, to restrain or stop people from owning or using guns. Gun control may also regulate the making, moving, and selling of guns. People want gun control because guns are very dangerous. Gun control is very controversial in some countries, such as in the United States. Some countries such as the United States, Switzerland, and Israel allow people to own guns to defend themselves, but most countries do not. Gun Control in the United States. There is a strong "gun lobby" in the United States. It is led by the National Rifle Association of America (NRA), which supports the right to own guns. They want it to be fairly easy to get a gun. Other groups, such as the Brady Campaign, want guns to be hard to get because they believe that guns cause violence, injury and death. Some states have very strict gun laws, but others, such as Arizona, Utah, Idaho and Mississippi, do not. In the 70's Gun Control gained more national attention. In 1977 Guns Rights Activists changed the NRA's focus from sports to gun rights. They started running ads marketing self defense primarily towards women. In the 80's the NRA ran ads about concealed carry.  The 2nd Amendment to the United States Constitution Amendment says, "A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed." This is taken to mean, every American citizen has the right to "keep and bear arms". Originally, it was thought that the federal government could not ban guns, but states and cities could. However, in 2010, the Supreme Court said that states and cities could not ban handguns. Although banning all guns is not allowed anymore, states and cities can still stop the sale and use of certain kinds of guns, such as automatic rifles that fire many bullets very quickly. They can also say that certain people, such as criminals, cannot own guns.