ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Mugello is a landscape in northern Italy. Mugello is north of Florence. The Santerno River's valley is nearby. The two valleys are separated by the Futa Pass (a path or way to cross over the mountain between those two valleys). In ancient times it was on the border between the area settled by the Ligurians (also called the Magelli tribe), the Etruscans and the Gauls. The Roman colonization left very few signs behind because the Mugello was mostly an agricultural area. In the Middle Ages it was home to many castles. Later on, Mugello was taken over by the Republic of Florence. Several families of the city built villas (large houses) there. They were similar to ones built by the Medici royal family.
Friars are special monks that do a service to a community and that lead a simple life, rather than living like ascets in a monastery. Orders. There are two classes of orders known as friars, or mendicant orders: the four "great orders" and the so-called "lesser orders".  Four great orders. The four great orders were mentioned by the Second Council of Lyons (1274), and are: Lesser orders. The lesser orders are:
Samael () (also Sammael and Şamil) is an archangel in Talmudic and post-Talmudic beliefs and stories, as well as Christian tradition and demonology. There are also other religions that believe in stories of Samael. It is said that he was the guardian angel of Esau and a patron of the sinful empire of Rome.  Samael is often compared to Satan because he often has grim and destructive duties. He is often considered a fallen angel, like Satan and the chief of the evil spirits. One of Samael's roles in Jewish beliefs is that of the Angel of Death. In this belief, he is a fallen angel but remains one of the Lord's servants. As a good angel, Samael supposedly lives in the seventh heaven, although he is said to be the chief angel of the fifth heaven.  In Judaism and Christianity. In Jewish beliefs, Sammael is said to be the Angel of Death, the ruler of the Fifth Heaven, and one of the seven regents of the world served by two million angels; he resides in the Seventh Heaven. "Yalkut I, 110" of the Talmud says Samael is Esau's guardian angel. In "Sotah 10b", Samael is Esau's guardian angel. In the "Sayings of Rabbi Eliezer", he is said to be the one who tempted Eve, then seduced and impregnated her with Cain. Some sources identify Gadreel as the angel that seduced Eve; ugh other Hebrew scholars say that it was Samael who tempted Eve as the Serpent.  Samael is also sometimes said to be the angel who wrestled with Jacob, and also the angel who held back the arm of Abraham as he was about to sacrifice his son. According to "The Ascension of Moses" (Chapter IV - Aggadah - The Legend of The Jews - By Louis Ginzberg) Samael is also mentioned as being in 7th Heaven: "In the last heaven Moses saw two angels, each five hundred parasangs in height, forged out of chains of black fire
"Halo" is a song by American singer Beyoncé. It was written by Ryan Tedder, Evan Bogart and Knowles for her third studio album, "I Am... Sasha Fierce". In the United States, the song was released on January 20, 2009 as the album's fourth single. Even before its official release the song debuted on the "Billboard" Pop 100 at number 87. Glee covered it with random mashup The song mentions Beyoncé's husband Jay-Z. It was a successful song worldwide, reaching the Top 10 in several countries. Background. Ryan Tedder wrote the song for Leona Lewis to sing. However, in an interview, Leona Lewis stated that she did not have the time to record the track for her album and felt that it better suited Beyoncé. The video premiered exclusively on iTunes on December 23, at the same time as the music video for "Diva".
The Eleventh Doctor is an incarnation of the Doctor, the  protagonist of the British science fiction television series "Doctor Who". He is played by Matt Smith in three series as well as five specials. As with previous incarnations of the Doctor, the character has also appeared in other "Doctor Who" spin-offs. Within the series' narrative, the Doctor is a centuries-old alien Time Lord from the planet Gallifrey who travels in time and space in the TARDIS, frequently with companions. At the end of life, the Doctor regenerates; as a result, the physical appearance and personality of the Doctor changes. Smith's incarnation is a quick-tempered but compassionate character whose youthful appearance is at odds with his more discerning and world-weary temperament. Preceded in regeneration by the Tenth Doctor (David Tennant), he is followed by the Twelfth Doctor (Peter Capaldi). This incarnation's main companions included Amy Pond (Karen Gillan), her husband Rory Williams (Arthur Darvill) and the mysterious Clara Oswald (Jenna-Louise Coleman).
The Ottawa River is a river in Ontario and Quebec, Canada. Most of it is on the border of Ontario and Quebec. The city of Ottawa gets its name from this river. Geography. The Ottawa River starts at Lake Capimitchigama in Quebec. It flows west to Lake Timiskaming, where it begins to define the border between Ontario and Quebec. From Lake Timiskaming the river flows southeast to Ottawa and Gatineau where it tumbles over the Chaudière Falls. The Rideau and Gatineau Rivers flow into the Ottawa River here. The Ottawa River drains into the Lake of Two Mountains and the St. Lawrence River at Montreal. The total length of the river is 1,271 km.
A dandy (also known as a beau or gallant) is a man who dresses elegantly and fashionably, but that was not necessarily of aristocratic origin. He exaggerates his manners, including the way he stands and moves, and the way he speaks. He promotes himself. This is called dandyism. The word 'Dandy' was originally a version of 'Andrew'. The female equivalent is a "dandizette". The word "dandy" first came out in the Scottish verse of about 1780: &lt;poem&gt;I've heard my granny crack O' sixty twa years back When there were sic a stock of Dandies O.&lt;/poem&gt; Dandies in the 18th and 19th centuries in the United States and Great Britain were often men from middle-class backgrounds who were trying to become people from high society. The model, or archetype, of a dandy was Beau Brummell from the Regency period of George IVth. He was a friend of the then Prince of Wales. Lord Byron is also an example. The writer Oscar Wilde is another, later example. Less extreme versions were the American artist who lived in London, James McNeill Whistler, and the French composer Maurice Ravel. "The Scarlet Pimpernel" is a famous example from literature. Today, in the 21st century, the word "dandy" is often used as a joke word to mean "fine" or "great".
Robert Costanza (born 14 September 1950) is an American ecological economist and the Gund Professor of Ecological economics and Director of the Gund Institute for Ecological Economics at the University of Vermont.  Biography. Robert Costanza was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He studied architecture and urban and regional planning from the University of Florida and got a Masters degree. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Florida in 1979 in systems ecology, with a minor in economics.  In 1982, he was selected as a Kellogg National Fellow, in 1992 he was awarded the Society for Conservation Biology Distinguished Achievement Award and in 1993 he was selected as a Pew Scholar in Conservation and the Environment. In 1998, he was awarded the Kenneth Boulding Memorial Award for Outstanding Contributions in Ecological Economics. In 2000, he received an honorary doctorate in natural sciences from Stockholm University.  Before he moved to Vermont in August 2002, he was director of the University of Maryland, College Park Institute for Ecological Economics, and a professor in the Center for Environmental Science, at Solomons, and in the Biology Department at College Park.  Costanza is co-founder and past-president of the International Society for Ecological Economics (ISEE) and was chief editor of the society’s journal "Ecological Economics" from its inception until 9/02. He serves on the editorial board of eight other international academic journals. He is president of the International Society for Ecosystem Health.  Work. Dr. Costanza's research has focused on the interface between ecological and economic systems. This includes landscape level spatial simulation modeling; analysis of energy and material flows through economic and ecological systems; valuation of ecosystem services, biodiversity, and natural capital; and analysis of dysfunctional incentive systems and ways to correct them.  Literature. Costanza is the author or co-author 16 books. and over 300 scientific papers. Books, a selection:  His work has been cited in more than 1700 scientific articles since 1987 (according to the Science Citation Index) and more than 80 interviews and reports on his work have appeared in various media, including Newsweek, US News and World Report, the Economist, the New York Times, Science, Nature, National Geographic, and National Public Radio.
In medieval history, Ifriqiya or Ifriqiyah () was the area of the coastal regions of what are today western Libya, Tunisia, and eastern Algeria. This area included what had been the Roman province of Africa. In modern Arabic, the term simply means "Africa". It comes from the Latin term "Africa".
Bring Me the Horizon is an British rock band from Sheffield, Yorkshire, England. The band was formed in 2004 from members of other bands within their local area. They play a style of music that combines rock and metalcore, but they have taken on a more rock style with their latest album.  Their album from 2006 called "Count Your Blessings" was a deathcore album and often people nickname that type of music "Screamo". The band's name comes from a Pirates of the Caribbean quote.
The Roman province of Africa was established after the Romans defeated Carthage in the Third Punic War. It roughly includeded the territory of present-day northern Tunisia, north-eastern Algeria and the Mediterranean coast of modern-day western Libya along the Syrtis Minor. The Arabs later named roughly the same region as the original province Ifriqiya, an other word for "Africa". Economics. The prosperity of most towns depended on agriculture. Called the "granary of the empire", North Africa, according to one estimate, produced one million tons of cereals each year, one-quarter of which was exported. Additional crops included beans, figs, grapes, and other fruits. By the second century, olive oil rivaled cereals as an export item. In addition to the cultivation of slaves, and the capture and transporting of exotic wild animals, the principal production and exports included the textiles, marble, wine, timber, livestock, pottery and wool.
The Third Punic War (149 BC to 146 BC) was the third and last of the Punic Wars. It was fought between the former Phoenician colony of Carthage, and the Roman Republic. The war was a much smaller engagement than the two previous Punic Wars, and was mostly just the Romans attacking the city of Carthage in the Battle of Carthage. The Romans killed or captured all the people living inside of the city and tore down the buildings. They did this because they hated the Carthaginians after fighting two other wars with them, and didn't want to fight another, so they totally destroyed them.
The Punic Wars were a series of conflicts fought between Rome and Carthage between 264 and 146 BC. They were probably the largest wars in the ancient world. The term "Punic" comes from the Latin word "Punicus" (or "Poenicus"). This was the word the Romans used for the Carthaginians, due to their Phoenician ancestry.  The main cause of the Punic Wars was the clash of interests between the existing empire of Carthage and the expanding Roman Republic. What was at stake was control of the trading around the Mediterranean sea. Carthage lost the three wars. Context. Carthage was a trading nation founded by Phoenicians. It was the dominant sea power in the western Mediterranean. It was a maritime empire, in contrast to the land-based Roman empire. The Romans decided that having Sicily under complete Carthaginian control would be a threat to their growing empire. The Romans feared the independent nation of Syracuse would collapse, allowing the Carthaginians to threaten the nation of Rome. The resulting decisions resulted in a series of wars which lasted over a hundred years, and ended in the utter destruction of Carthage.
Scooby-Doo is the main character in the long running series "Scooby-Doo". He is a talking Great Dane who loves eating food. His best friend is Shaggy. Portrayals. Scooby was first voiced by Don Messick. Messick continued to play Scooby until he died. Then Scott Innes started to play Scooby Doo instead. Since 2002, Frank Welker started playing Scooby.
Notts County Football Club is a football club in Nottingham, England, and also the oldest professional association football club in the world. The club now plays in Football League One of the EFL, part of the English football league system. "The Magpies" play at the Meadow Lane stadium in black and white striped shirts. The club has also played many times in the top division of English football, the most recent in 1991–92, when they played in the last season of the old First Division before the creation of the Premier League. Well-known past managers of Notts County have been Jimmy Sirrel, Neil Warnock, and Sam Allardyce. Formation and early years. Notts County started in 1862. The club was started before The Football Association and in the beginning they played a game with club rules, rather than association football. When it started, Notts County, like most sports teams, were considered to be a "gentlemen-only" club. Notts County are thought to be to be one of the starters of the current game, even being credited with the invention of the offside trap. Notts County is the oldest of the world's professional association football clubs (There are older professional clubs in other codes of football.) The club in the beginning played at Park Hollow at Nottingham Castle. In December 1864, the decision was made to play games against outside teams, and it was decided that the club needed to find a larger stadium. After playing at several places, The Magpies settled at Trent Bridge Cricket Ground in 1883. When the ground was used for Cricket, they played at Castle Ground or Nottingham Forest's Town Ground. The club moved to their current stadium, Meadow Lane, in 1910. Football League. In 1888, Notts County, along with eleven other football clubs, became a founding member of The Football League. They finished their first league season in eleventh place. Notts County got their highest ever league finish of third in 1890-91, and they also finished third ten seasons later. FA Cup finals. On 25 March 1891, Notts County reached the FA Cup final for the first time but did not win
The Gringo Gazette is a newspaper in the English language founded by Carrie Duncan, published every other week for the American expatriate communities in Baja California and Baja California Sur, Mexico. It has been published since 2001. Most of its contributors are Americans living in Mexico or Americans with a second home in Mexico. Most of the subscribers of this newspaper are located in San Felipe, La Paz and Cabo San Lucas.
2 Girls 1 Cup is the unofficial nickname of the trailer for Hungry Horney Bitches, a 2007 Brazilian scat fetish pornographic film produced by MFX Media. The video features two women defecating into a cup, taking turns eating their feces, and vomiting it into each other's mouths. "Lovers Theme" from Hervé Roy's Romantic Themes album released by Tele Music in 1992 plays throughout the trailer. This one-minute viral video became a well-known Internet meme among bloggers and message boards due to its viewers reaction to its content. Around mid-October of 2007, video sites such as YouTube were flooded with videos showing others reactions to squirting in the video for the first time. Origin. The video came from a Brazilian, Marco Fiorito, who talks of himself as a "compulsive fetishist". Fiorito first produced foot fetish videos but soon moved on to coprophagia. The movie was made by MFX-Video, one of several businesses owned by Fiorito. Fiorito says his movies are legal in Brazil, but authorities in the United States have branded some of his movies as dirty and filed charges against Danilo Croce, a Brazilian lawyer living in Florida, listed as an officer of a company shipping Fiorito's movies in the United States. Croce accepted a plea bargain and was sentenced to 3 years of unsupervised probation and forfeiture of $98,000. Fiorito said he did not know his movies were illegal in the United States and that his movies often contained chocolate instead of feces to appease some of his actors who were willing to appear in scat movies but not actually eat fecal matter. The first few seconds of the 2 Girls 1 Cup video contain the text "MFX 1209" (the product code for "Hungry Bitches") and the URL mfxvideos.com. The website is Fiorito's MFX-Video. This causes some in the media to incorrectly believe the video is one of the many Croce had to surrender to the Department of Justice but was somehow leaked in the process. Reactions. 2 Girls 1 Cup's spread because of the reactions it causes.
WWE No Way Out was a series of Professional wrestling pay-per-view shows made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). The event usually took place in February and typically was the last pay-per-view before WrestleMania. The first "No Way Out" event was in 1998 as an In Your House event, called . The event did not take place in 1999, 2010 and 2011, but was brought back in 2000 and 2012. The 2008 and 2009 events were based around the Elimination Chamber match. In 2010, WWE created their own Elimination Chamber PPV event, which replaced No Way Out in its February slot.
Bridgeport is a city of Connecticut in the United States. It is the most populated city in the state of Connecticut with a population of 148,654 as of 2020. It is also the fifth largest city in New England, and part of the New York combined statistical area. The very first Subway restaurant was opened in Bridgeport.
Danbury is a city in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. It is northeast of New York City making it part of the New York metropolitan area. Danbury's population at the 2020 census was 86,518. The city is named for Danbury in Essex, England. It is nicknamed the "Hat City".
Milford is a city in Connecticut in the United States. Professional wrestler Goldust was born in Milford.
Stamford () is a city in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. At the 2024 census, 136,188 people live in Stamford. It the third-largest city in the state (behind Bridgeport and New Haven). It is about from Manhattan.
Rehoboth Beach is a city in Delaware in the United States. It is next to the Atlantic Ocean in Sussex County, which is in the south part of the state. Rehoboth Beach had 1,108 people in 2020. There is an amusement park in Rehoboth Beach called Funland.
Certain operating systems use paging to get virtual memory. This means that a part of the hard disk or a file is used so that the applications or the operating system see more memory that is actually there. A Page replacement algorithm is an algorithm that decides which pages should be written to disk or file, when a new page needs to be allocated.  Some of the algorithms used are:
A page cache or disk cache is a buffer of pages certain operating systems keep in memory. These operating systems usually use paging.  The page cache uses virtual memory techniques to cache file data as pages rather than as file system oriented blocks. Caching file data is far more efficient than caching through physical disks blocks. Several systems - including Solaris, Linux, and Windows NT, 2000, and XP - use page caching to cache both process pages and file data. This is known as Unified Virtual Memory.
Dendrobates is a genus of poison dart frogs which are protected by warning colouration. They are highly poisonous. The yellow-banded poison dart frog, "Dendrobates leucomelas", is one of the most common species, found in the northern part of South America in Venezuela, Guyana and Brazil.
The bumblebee poison dart frog, yellow banded poison frog, yellow-headed poison frog, or yellow-banded poison arrow frog ("Dendrobates leucomelas") is a frog. It lives in Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia, and Guyana. Body. The adult frog is about 31 to 38 mm long from nose to rear end. The skin of the frog's back is black with side-to-side stripes. The stripes are either bright yellow, orange-yellow, or orange in color. There can be marks on the stripes. The belly is black in color. These bright colors tell animals that want to eat the frog that there is poison in the frog's body. The frog makes chemicals on its feet to help it climb and stay still without falling. Home. This frog is awake during the day. It lives on the ground in rainforests. People have seen it on dead leaves on the ground, on rocks, and on plants. Sometimes people see them in gardens. People have seen this frog between 0 and 500 meters above sea level. Young. Scientists say this is the only frog that lays eggs at the time of year when it does not rain. The male frog calls to the female frogs. He buzzes and chirps. He lets the female frog see his bright colors. The female frog hits the ground with her feet. Then she follows him to a good place to lay eggs. The female frogs compete for males. The male frog watches the eggs. He moves them around so they all get enough air. When the eggs hatch, the adult frogs carry the tadpoles to water. The tadpoles will eat almost anything they can catch. They become frogs after 70 to 90 days. Young frogs look like adult frogs but their colors are not as bright. They will eat fruit flies, crickets, and other small animals with no bones. Some people say they like to eat caterpillars the most. Chemicals. This frog makes chemicals in its skin. Scientists say people could use those chemicals to make medicines. It make the chemicals by eating ants. Danger. Scientists say this frog is not in danger of dying out because it lives in a large place and there
Belleview is a city of Florida in the United States. It is part of the Ocala Metropolitan Statistical Area. The name Belleview means beautiful view. The name of the city came from one of the first settlers whose daughter was named “Belle”. People. The city had a population of 5,413 people in the 2020 census.
Blountstown is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Calhoun County. Geography. Blountstown has a total area of 3.2 square miles.
Boca Raton is a city in Southern Palm Beach County, Florida. Boca Raton is has the second highest number of people in Palm Beach County. As of 2020, the city of Boca Raton had nearly 100,000 people living within the city. The southern end of the city borders Deerfield Beach in Broward County. The mayor of Boca Raton is Scott Singer. The main campuses of Florida Atlantic University and Everglades University are in Boca Raton. The headquarters of Office Depot is also in the city.