ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
This is a list of the main rivers of Wales. In Wales, flowing into the Liverpool Bay. "From Hoylake to Garth Pier, Bangor, Gwynedd" Isle of Anglesey. Anticlockwise from Menai Bridge / Porthaethwy Braint (ii) catchment. "Note "Afon Menai", known as the "Menai Strait" in English, is not technically a river, despite its Welsh name.". In Wales, flowing into the Irish Sea. "From Bangor Pier to St. Govan's Head" In Wales, flowing into the Bristol Channel. "From St. Govan's Head to M48 Bridge" Severn catchment. With the exception of a small part of the Rea Brook, all tributaries of the Severn downstream of the confluence of the Severn and the Vyrnwy are wholly in England. For details see List of rivers of England.
This is a list of streams and rivers in Zambia C. Chambeshi River - Congo River - Cuando River K. Kabompo River - Kafue River - Kalambo River - Kalungwishi River L. Luanginga River - Luangwa River - Luapula River - Luena River, Western Zambia - Lukasashi River - Lunga River (Zambia) - Lungwebungu River - Lunsemfwa River M. Mbereshi River - Mulungushi River Z. Zambezi
Richard Nikolaus von Coudenhove-Kalergi (November 16, 1894 – July 27, 1972) was an Austrian politician and philosopher, who was the founder of the first movement for the United States of Europe. He was a well known for works the founder of the "Paneuropean Union" and his wrote book "Pan-Europa".
This is a list of streams and rivers in Zimbabwe. B. Bubye River G. Gway River I. Inkankezi River - Insiza River - Inyankuni River K. Kwekwe River L. Limpopo River - Luenha River M. Manyame River - Mazowe River - Mtshabezi River - Mtshelele River - Mucheke River - Munyati River - Mupfure River - Mushawe - Mwenezi River - Mwewe River - Mzingwane River N. Ncema River P. Panhane River - Pungwe River R. Runde River S. Save River (Africa) - Sebakwe River - Sengwa River - Shangani River - Shashe River - Siwaze River T. Thuli River U. Umchabezi River Z. Zambezi River
The recognized flag of Afghanistan continues to be that of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, although the Taliban flag, which was used from 1997-2001 until their collapse, has reemerged under the name of Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan as of 2021. Afghanistan has had more changes of its national flag during the 20th century than any other country in the world. It has had 20 different flags since the first flag in 1747. In only 4 years (1926–1930), Afghanistan had 7 flag changes - many of these flags were used as the nation's flags for only a few months.
The "Afghan National Anthem" (; ) was used between 2006 and 2021. The words of the song were written by an Afghan poet named Abdul Bari Jahani, and the melody for his words were created by an German-Afghan composer named Babrak Wassa. It was "de facto" replaced by "This is the Home of the Brave" after the Taliban takeover in 2021. History. After the end of Taliban rule in 2001, a new national anthem was made for the "New Afghanistan". According to the 20th article of the new Afghan constitution, it would have the names of the many ethnic groups of Afghanistan. It said the phrase "Allāhu Akbar" ("God is the greatest") had to be in it. After a competition, "Millī Surūd" was made the official national anthem in May 2006. After the Taliban takeover on 15 August 2021, it was replaced by "This is the Home of the Brave". However, in the 2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup between October and November, it was still played as the national anthem of Afghanistan. The flag of the internationally recognized Islamic Republic of Afghanistan was also used. The Islamic Republic anthem and flag were also used in the 2022 CAFA U-19 Futsal Championship. Historical use. Similar to Romania, Afghanistan has used a bunch of other anthems in the past. A lot of times is due to the government of Afghanistan changing many times. When the country was ruled by a king, two national anthems were used: "Royal Salute" and "Grand Salute". Then right when Afghanistan was no longer ruled by a king, a new national anthem was used, but only for five years. Soon after, Afghanistan became a socialist republic and a national anthem for that was used. But that came to an end in 1992, when Afghanistan became an Islamic state, so another anthem was used. During the late 1990s, the Taliban took control over most of Afghanistan and ruled most of the country until late 2001. This was when the United States started a war (against the Taliban and al-Qaeda) right after 9/11. The Taliban were the winners in that war, so as of August 2021, Afghanistan is an Islamic Emirate to this day, and "This is the Home of the Brave" is now the country's national anthem.
The President of Afghanistan was the head of state of Afghanistan. Afghanistan has only been a republic between 1973 and 1992 and from 2001 onwards. Before 1973, it was a monarchy that was governed by a variety of kings, emirs or shahs. There was a civil war from 1992 to 2001. After the 2021 Taliban offensive and the near seizure of the capital, incumbent President Ashraf Ghani fled Afghanistan to Tajikistan on 15 August 2021. After Ghani fled the country, the Taliban occupied the Presidential Palace. The office was abolished on 6th September 2021. Powers. The constitution of Afghanistan gave the president wide powers over military and legislative affairs. There was a weak national parliament.
Abdul Karim Khalili (born 1950) is a former Vice President of Afghanistan. He was in office from 2004 to 2014, under Hamid Karzai. Khalili was first Vice President in 2002. He was elected as running mate of Hamid Karzai in 2004. Since 1989 he has been one of the main leaders of the Hezbe Wahdat political party of Hazara people. Khalili was born in Wardak Province and attended a religious school. He participated actively in the Afghan resistance during Soviet Invasion. He also served as Minister of Finance of Afghanistan during the Mujahideen government in the early 1990s.
The Helmand River (also spelled "Helmend, Helmund, Hirmand"; Pashto/Persian: ', Greek: ' ("Etýmandros"), Latin: "") is the longest river in Afghanistan. The name means "dammed, having a dam". Helmand Province is named after the river. The Helmand river stretches for . It rises in the Hindu Kush mountains, about west of Kabul (), passing north of the Unai Pass. It crosses south-west through the desert of Dashti Margo, to the Seistan marshes and the Hamun-i-Helmand lake region around Zabol at the Afghan-Iranian border ().
Saif Ali Khan (born 16 August 1970) is an Indian actor. He was born to Sharmila Tagore, great-grandniece of Rabindranath Tagore.  In January 2025, Khan was hospitalized in Mumbai after being stabbed multiple times during a home invasion.
An official residence is the residence that a head of state or head of government has. They may actually live elsewhere, but the country makes this available to them. In federal countries, the local leader may also have an official residence. North America and Caribbean.  Former. None. The President uses own private residence. States. Querétaro Local. Note that some mayors in cities with an official mayor's residence choose instead to reside at their private residence, using the official residence for official functions only. This has occurred in the 21st century in Detroit and New York City, although the mayors of both cities live in the official residences. In the case of Denver, no mayor has ever lived in the official residence; the city instead makes it available to certain non-profit groups for special functions. Other. This section is reserved for official residences maintained by private, nongovernmental institutions.  - Cheong Wa Dae is the official presidential office and residence complex for the President of South Korea.  - Its address is "1 Cheongwadae-ro, Jongro-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea". It is located next to Gyeongbokgung, the main palace during the Joseon Dynasty.  - Cheong Nam Dae used to be one of the two vacation residences for the President of Republic of Korea. It was returned to public in 2003.  - It is in Cheongwon-gun, North Chungcheong Province.  - Cheong Hae Dae used to be one of the two vacation residences for the President of Republic of Korea. Although the president no longer uses this facility this compound is still under the administration of the Republic of Korea Navy, and thus is not open to public access.  - It is located on one of the islands of Geoje-shi, South Gyeongsang Province.  - This is the official residence for the Prime Minister of Republic of Korea. The Prime Minister, however, does not work here.  - Its address is "111-2 Samcheongdong-gil, Jongro-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea". It is located close to Cheong Wa Dae.  - This is
Uhwudong (, c. 1430 - October 18 1480), also written as Eoudong or Eowudong, was a Korean Joseon Dynasty gisaeng, writer, poet, and dancer. She lived during the reign of King Yejong and King Seongjong. She was also called Eeulwudong. famous for divorced from royal family wife. she was said to be charming, witty, very beautiful, and very smart. Her personal life has inspired movies, a TV series, operas, and many novels. She is one of Koreas modern popular cultural icons. Popular culture. In the late 20th century, Uhwudong's story was of interest in both North Korea and South Korea. There are books, movies and operas about her. In late 1985, a movie "Eoudong" was released. It starred Lee Bo-hee in the title role. Another movie, "Kim Mun-hee", was released on May 23, 1987. In 2007, KBS released a TV series entitled "King and I" starring Kim Sa-rang.
In chem, the Van der Waals force is a type of intermolecular force that attracts molecules together. An intermolecular force is a relatively weak force between molecules. Van der Waals forces are the weakest type of intermolecular force. They are named after the Dutch scientist Johannes Diderik van der Waals (1837–1923). Negatively charged electrons orbit around molecules or ions. The electrons shift their orbits to create slightly different charges from one end of the molecule to the other as a response to each other. These slight differences are called "partial charges", described by using the variables δ- or δ+.  Van der Waals force is sometimes used loosely to mean for "all" intermolecular forces. Van der Waals forces are weaker than covalent bonds and usually weaker than hydrogen bonds, but they play a important role in supramolecular chemistry, enzymes, polymer science, nanotechnology, surface science, and condensed matter physics. Van der Waals forces define many properties of organic compounds, including their ability to dissolve.
Michel Wachenheim, (born 16 January 1951 at Saint-Maur-des-Fossés) is a French ambassador and permanent representative of France at the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). Graduate from "École Polytechnique" (promotion 1972) and "École nationale de l'aviation civile" (promotion 1975), Michel Wachenheim starts his career in 1977 at the air traffic department. In 2007, he becomes Chief of Staff of the Ministry of Transport Dominique Bussereau. The 1st of September 2009, he becomes French ambassador and permanent representative of France at the International Civil Aviation Organization. Michel Wachenheim is married, has three children and is "Officier de la Légion d'honneur". The 2009-2010 promotion of the "institut de formation universitaire et de recherche du transport aérien" (research and training air transport institute) bears his name.
The goose step is a kind of marching done by the military. It is usually done in formal parades and other ceremonies. While marching together, the troops swing their legs high off the ground, while keeping their knees unbended (so that their legs are straight). It resembles the walking style of a goose. The march comes from the Prussian army in the mid-18th century. It was called the Stechschritt (meaning, "piercing step") or Stechmarsch. It is still used today by the armed forces of nearly 30 countries.
James Hong (traditional Chinese: 吳漢章, Wú Hànzhāng; born February 22, 1929) is an American stand-up comedian, character actor, voice artist, and comedian. He is perhaps best known as the voice of Mr. Ping in the "Kung Fu Panda" franchise. He played Gong Gong in "Everything Everywhere All at Once". In 1980, Hong appeared in the film "Airplane!" Family. Hong and his family came out in an around-the-world mountain biking travel adventure called . The Hong family rode their mountain bikes on a trail near the Hollywood sign. James' daughter named April was born in 1975.
Kung Fu Panda Holiday, also known as Kung Fu Panda Holiday Special, is a 2010 American television special, based on the "Kung Fu Panda" franchise. It premiered on NBC on November 24, 2010. It features the voices of Jack Black, Dustin Hoffman, Angelina Jolie, Jackie Chan, Seth Rogen, Lucy Liu, David Cross, James Hong, and Jack McBrayer. The special's premiere broadcast drew 5.925 million viewers. "Kung Fu Panda Holiday" got mostly positive reviews. Storyline. One day, Master Shifu (Dustin Hoffman) assigns Master Po (Jack Black) to host the upcoming annual Winter Feast that's to be held at the Jade Palace with every single Kung Fu master. But Po declines because he's gonna spend Christmas with Mr. Ping (James Hong) instead. Other websites. ]
Mazār-i-Sharīf or Mazār-e Sharīf is the fourth-largest city of Afghanistan. The population was about 375,000 as of 2006. It is the capital of Balkh province. It is linked by roads to Kunduz in the east, Kabul in the south-east, Herat to the west and Uzbekistan to the north. The city is a major tourist attraction in Afghanistan because of its famous shrines as well as the Muslim and Hellenistic archeological sites. In 2006, the discovery of new Hellenistic remains was announced. History. The region around Mazar-e-Sharif has been historically part of Greater Khorasan and was controlled by the Tahirids followed by the Saffarids, Samanids, Ghaznavids, Ghurids, Ilkhanates, Timurids, and Khanate of Bukhara. The name Mazar-e-Sharif means "Noble Shrine". This name represents the Blue Mosque which is widely known to be the grave of Hazrat Ali (prophet Mohammad's son-in-law). The city and region became part of the Afghan Durrani Empire around 1750. Mazar-e Sharif remained peaceful for the next one hundred years. In 1979 the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan. During the 1980s Soviet war, Mazari Sharif was a strategic base for the Soviet Army. Taliban conquest. Between May and July 1997, the Taliban unsuccessfully attempted to take Mazar. About 3,000 Taliban soldiers were killed by Abdul Malik and his Shia followers. The Taliban returned on August 8, 1998 and led a six-day killing frenzy of Hazaras. Soon after, the city was occupied and taken over by the Taliban. United States military action. Following 9/11, Mazar Sharif was the first Afghan city to fall to the Northern Alliance (United Front). The Taliban's defeat in Mazar quickly turned into defeat from the rest of the north and west of Afghanistan. On November 9, 2001 the city was captured by the Afghan Northern Alliance forces after the Battle of Mazar e Sharif with help
Badakhshan (Persian: بدخشان - "Badakhshān") is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan. It has 28 Districts. The capital is Feyzabad. It is located in the north-east of the country, between the Hindu Kush and the Amu Darya.  Geography. Badakhshan is bordered by Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province and Khatlon Province in Tajikistan to the north and east. In the east is the Wakhan Corridor. The province has a total area of 44,059 km². Much of the land is the Hindu Kush and Pamir mountain ranges. Economy. Badakhshan is one of the poorest areas in the world. Opium poppy growing is the only real source of income in the province. Lapis lazuli has been mined in the Sar-e-Sang mines for over 6,000 years. The mines were the largest and most well-known source in ancient times.  Demographics. The population of the province is estimated at 889,700 people. The majority of them are Persian-speaking Tajiks.  The residents of the province are largely Sunni. Sport. The province is represented in Afghan domestic cricket competitions by the Badakhshan Province cricket team.
Fayzabad (also spelled Feyzabad, Fazelabad or Faizabad) () is the provincial capital and largest city in Badakhshan Province, Afghanistan. There are around 50,000 people. It is the main commercial and administrative center of the Pamir region. Geography. Fayzabad is in northeast Afghanistan. The city is located on the right bank of the Kokcha River. Economy. Fayzabad has been separate from other parts of the country because of the lack of paved roads. There are two active bazaars in the city where items as different as cotton, cotton cloth and goods, salt, sugar, tea, indigo, and cutlery are traded.  Demographics. The majority of the people are Tajiks. There also are some Pashtun, Uzbek and Turkmen.  Culture. There are a number of mosques and shrines of historical importance in the city. Public services. The city has several schools including an all-girls school. There is also a hospital which is considered the best in the province, and a police station. There is a guest house called Lapis Lazuli for expatriates.
The Bactria–Margiana Archaeological Complex (or BMAC, also known as the Oxus civilization) is the modern archaeological name for a Bronze Age culture of Central Asia, dated to ca. 2300–1700 BCE. It was in present-day Turkmenistan, northern Afghanistan and northeastern Iran, southern Uzbekistan and western Tajikistan. Its sites were discovered and named by the Soviet archaeologist Viktor Sarianidi (1976). "Bactria" was the Greek name for the area of "Bactra" (modern Balkh), in what is now northern Afghanistan. "Margiana" was the Greek name for the Persian satrapy of Margu, in today's Turkmenistan. Sarianidi's excavations from the late 1970s onward found many buildings in many sites. Reports were mostly in Soviet journals, until the last years of the Soviet Union. The findings were unknown to the West until Sarianidi's work was translated in the 1990s.
Uzbek ("O'zbek tili" or "O'zbekcha" in Latin script, Ўзбек тили or Ўзбекча in Cyrillic script, أۇزبېك تیلی in Arabic script) is a Turkic language. It is the official language of Uzbekistan. It has about 40 million native speakers. It is spoken by the Uzbeks in Uzbekistan and elsewhere in Central Asia. Uzbek belongs to the southeastern Turkic or Karluk family of Turkic languages.
Turkmen (, Cyrillic: , Persian: ) is the national language of Turkmenistan. It is spoken by about 7,000,000 people in Turkmenistan and by an about 380,000 more people in Northwestern Afghanistan and 500,000 in Northeastern Iran. Literature. The leading Turkmen poet is Magtymguly Pyragy, who wrote in the 1700's.
The Nuristani languages (زبان نورستانی) are one of the three groups in the Indo-Iranian language family. The other two languages being Indo-Aryan and Iranian. They are spoken mainly in the Nuristan Province of eastern Afghanistan and Chitral District of northwestern Pakistan. The speakers of the Nuristani languages are known as Nuristani people.
Area codes in Afghanistan are two digits long. It is common to write phone numbers as (0xx) yyy-yyyy, where xx is the area code. The 0 prefix is for long-distance dialing from within the country. International callers should dial +93 xx yyyyyyy. Area codes for common cities are:
Helmand (Pashto/Dari: هلمند) is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan. It is in the southwest of the country. Its capital is Lashkar Gah. The Helmand River flows through the mainly desert region, providing water for irrigation. Helmand is the world's largest opium-producing region. It makes 75% of the world's total production. This is more than all of Burma, which is the second largest producing nation after Afghanistan. Afghan opium accounts for more than 90% of the global supply. The current governor is Mohammad Golab Mangal (since March 2008). Much of the fighting between NATO and Taliban forces is taking place in this province. Helmand is said to be a Taliban stronghold. Border with Pakistan. Helmand has a southern border with the Balochistan province of Pakistan. Many domestic and international observers have criticized Pakistan's efforts towards securing the border against Taliban insurgents. Demographics. The population is 1,441,769. The area is 58,584 square kilometres. Pashtuns are the majority estimated at 92% of the population. There are also Balochs who are in the south. Also there are small numbers of Hazara, Brahui and Tajik.
Ghazni () () is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan. It is in the east of the country. Its capital is Ghazni City.  Demographics and geography. The major ethnic groups in the province are Hazaras, Pashtuns and Tajiks. There are also some Burki, and Uzbeks. Ghazni is made up of 19 districts. Some Sikhs and Hindus also live in Ghazni province. During the Taliban regime they fled the country. With the current administration they have returned to Ghazni city. Infrastructure. Band E Sardeh Dam is located in Andar District near the border with Paktika Province. It creates a large water reservoir that is important to the irrigation of the Kahnjoor farming zone.
Ghazni (Persian/Pashto: غزنی - "Ġaznī"; historically known as غزنین / "Ġaznīn" and غزنه / "Ġazna") is a city in central-east Afghanistan. It is the capital of Ghazni Province. Just like other cities of Afghanistan, Ghazni is very old and has seen many military invasions. Infrastructure. Education. The city has a number of public schools. Resources. Ghazni City is located in an area of extreme drought. In 2007, one of the gates on a fifty-year-old dam on the Jikhai River broke. This worried the people of Ghazni city about the water supply. The dam serves as a good source of irrigation water to Ghazni City and the surrounding agricultural areas. Nearby rivers have a history of flooding and causing severe damage and death, though efforts have begun to fix this.
Pashayi - also known as Pashai - are a group of Dardic languages spoken by the Pashai people in parts of Kapisa, Laghman, Nuristan, Kunar, and Nangarhar Provinces in northeastern Afghanistan. It is spoken by over 216,842 people who are mostly Muslim. Most of them are bilingual in Pashto. Only 25% are able to read. The Pashai language was not written prior to 2003.
The Kushan or Kaswan Empire was first formed in the early 1st century AD. It was located in Afghanistan, most of Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and parts of northwest India.  The Kushan were a branch of the Yuezhi or tibetian confederation. Previously a nomadic people living in eastern Central Asia, the Yuezhi moved southwest and settled in ancient Bactria.