ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Parainen, "Pargas", is a city in Southwest Finland. About 15,500 people lived there in January 2014. The municipalities next to it are Brändö, Sottunga, Kökar, Kemiönsaari, Sauvo, Kaarina, Turku, Naantali and Kustavi. It was created as Väståboland on 1 January 2009, when the former municipalities of Pargas, Nagu, Korpo, Houtskär and Iniö were merged into a single municipality. Most people speak Swedish.
Hans Erni (21 February 1909 – 21 March 2015) was a Swiss painter, designer and sculptor. He was known for illustrating postage stamps, activism, lithographs for the Swiss Red Cross, and participation on the International Olympic Committee. The Hans Erni Museum, in the grounds of the Swiss Museum of Transport, contains a large collection of artwork. Erni was born in Lucerne. He was the third of eight children. Ernie died in Lucerne on 21 March 2015 at the age of 106.
Sodankylä is a municipality in Lapland. Almost 8,890 people lived there in January 2014. The municipalities next to it are Inari, Kemijärvi, Kittilä, Pelkosenniemi, Rovaniemi and Savukoski. Some villages. Some villages in Sodankylä are Kersilö, Kierinki, Lismanaapa, Luosto, Torvinen.
Historical linguistics is the study of language change. It has five main concerns: History and development. Modern historical linguistics dates from the late 18th century. It grew out of the earlier discipline of philology, the study of ancient texts and documents dating back to antiquity. At first, historical linguistics was comparative linguistics. The focus was on the well-known Indo-European languages, many of which had long written histories. Scholars also studied the Uralic languages, another language family for which less early written material exists. Since then, there has been linguistic work in non-European languages, such as on the Austronesian languages and various families of Native American languages. Comparative linguistics is now part of a discipline of historical linguistics. For Indo-European languages, comparative study is now a well-developed field. Most research is being carried out on their later development, such as the development of the modern standard varieties. Some scholars have done studies attempting to establish super-families. They have, for example, linked Indo-European, Uralic, and other families into Nostratic. Such attempts have not been accepted widely. The information needed to establish relatedness becomes thinner the farther back. The time depth of linguistic methods is limited because of chance word resemblances and variations between language groups. Scholars can trace language changes back to around 10,000 years. The dating of the various proto-languages is also difficult; several methods are available for dating, but only approximate results are possible.
Nostratic is a hypothetical language family which includes many of the present-day language families of Eurasia. The idea is that Nostratic was spoken after the ice sheets melted but before people spread out throughout Europe and Asia. Many of today's languages are descendants of Nostratic, so it is thought. These include the Indo-European, Uralic, Altaic and Kartvelian languages. The Afroasiatic languages, native to North Africa, the Horn of Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and the Near East, as well as the Dravidian languages of the Indian subcontinent, are usually included as well. The name "Nostratic" is derived from the Latin "nostrates", meaning "us" (in other words, fellow countrymen). The idea was expanded in the 1960s by Soviet linguists, called the "Moscovite school" by Bomhard. It has received renewed attention in English-speaking academia since the 1990s. The hypothesis is controversial and has varying degrees of acceptance amongst linguists worldwide. Some linguists are unsure. The hypothetical ancestral language of the Nostratic family is called Proto-Nostratic. It would have been spoken between 15,000 and 12,000 BC, in the Epipalaeolithic period, near the end of the last glacial period.
Seligman () is a census-designated place (CDP) in Yavapai County, Arizona, United States. The population was 446 at the 2020 census. Delgadillo's Snow Cap Drive-In is a popular tourist attraction in the town.
In mathematics, the mediant of two fractions formula_1 is  formula_2. It is commonly referred to as the freshman sum, due to it being a common mistake when people learn about the addition of fractions. The operation is between two fractions, therefore the way these fractions are represented influence the mediant. For example, the mediant of 1/1 and 1/2 is 2/3, but the mediant of 2/2 and 1/2 is 3/4, even though the sum of both is 3/2.
The Eurocopter UH-72 Lakota is a Franco-German military helicopter design. It is built from the EC145 twin-turboshaft helicopter. It replaces the Bell UH-1 Iroquois in medical flights. The UH-72 can also replace Bell OH-58A &amp; C in communication and observation duties. The helicopter is built in the United States by American Eurocopter, a branch of Eurocopter. Users. In the US Navy this helicopter is used by US Naval Test Pilot School in support filghts.
Theodore Miller Edison (July 10, 1898 – November 24, 1992) was an American inventor and businessman. He was the fourth son of Thomas Edison. Edison worked for his father's company, Thomas A. Edison, Inc., starting as a lab assistant. He later started his own company, Calibron Industries, Inc. After that, he built his own laboratory in West Orange, New Jersey. He earned over 80 patents in his career.
Alexis Jan Atthill Hunter (4 November 1948 – 24 February 2014) was a contemporary New Zealand painter and photographer. She used feminist theory in her work and was a member of Stuckism. Hunter was born in Epsom, Auckland. Her and her sister, Alyson, were twins. Her parents were from Australia. She married to Baxter Mitchell from 1986 until her death. Hunter died from motor neurone disease on 24 February 2014 in London, England. She was 65.
Maurice Faure (2 January 1922 – 6 March 2014) was a French politician and diplomat. He was a member of the French Resistance and a minister in several French governments. He was born in Azerat, Dordogne. Faure died on 6 March 2014 in Cahors, Lot. He was 92 years old.
Manlio Sgalambro (9 December 1924 – 6 March 2014) was an Italian philosopher, poet and writer. He wrote poetry between the 1940s until his death. He was born in Lentini, Province of Syracuse. Sgalambro died on 6 March 2014 in Catania. He was 89 years old.
The Shamrock Summit was a summit meeting that took place in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada on 17-18 March 1985. It was a meeting between Prime Minister of Canada Brian Mulroney and President of the United States Ronald Reagan.  It was nicknamed the "Shamrock Summit" because both leaders had an Irish background. The meeting is well known because both leaders began to sing the song "When Irish Eyes are Smiling" with their wives at the Grand Théâtre de Québec in Quebec City at the end of the summit. The leaders discussed military, environment and free trade issues.
Coleen Gray (October 23, 1922 – August 3, 2015) was an American movie, stage and television actress.  She was known for her roles in "Nightmare Alley", "Kiss of Death", "Red River", and in "The Killing". She began her acting career in 1944. Gray retired in 1988.  Gray was born in Staplehurst, Nebraska. She studied at Hamlin University.  Gray was married to Rodney Amateau from 1945 until they divorced in 1949. Then, she was married to William Bidlack from 1953 until his death in 1978. They had a son, Bruce Bidlack. She was last married to Fritz Zeiser from 1979 until his death in 2012.  Gray died in Los Angeles, California, aged 92.
Aaron Carter (December 7, 1987–November 5, 2022) was an American pop singer. He was born in Tampa, Florida. He became famous in the late 1990s. Career. Carter started his music career when he was seven years old as the singer of Dead End. He left the band after two years. Carter performed for the first time on his own in Berlin in March 1997 as the opening act for Backstreet Boys. He was 9 years old. After this he was signed to Edel America. His first album "Aaron Carter" was released in December 1997 in Europe. It was released in the United States on June 16, 1998.  Carter acted in the 2004 movie "Fat Albert" and "Popstar" in 2005 with the soundtrack "Saturday Night". Carter had an older brother, Nick, and three sisters, Angel (twin sister), B.J. and Leslie. On November 5, 2022, Carter died at home at the age of 34.
Alejandro Zaffaroni (February 27, 1923 – March 1, 2014) was a Uruguayan–American entrepreneur. He is best known for founding several successful biotechnology companies in Silicon Valley. He was born in Montevideo. Zaffaroni died from complications of dementia on March 1, 2014 at his home in Atherton, California. He was 91 years old.
Martin Luther Nesbitt, Jr. (September 25, 1946 – March 6, 2014) was an American Democratic member of the North Carolina Senate. He represented the 49th district (Buncombe County). He was born in Asheville, North Carolina. Nesbitt died from stomach cancer on March 6, 2014 in his hometown of Asheville, North Carolina. He was 67.
The Stone Roses are an English rock band fronted by Ian Brown. It was started in Manchester in 1983.  History. In 1989 the band released their first album "The Stone Roses". Seven singles were released from the album which went on to be voted the best British album of all time.  In 1994 the band released their second album, "Second Coming". In 1996 the band broke up. The band got back together in 2011. On May 21, 2012 the band announced a reunion tour and performed for the first time in 16 years. In 2013 a documentary called "The Stone Roses: Made of Stone" was released.  The band split up for a second time in 2017.
The Boeing C-40 Clipper is a military of the Boeing 737-700C. It is used by the US Air Force and the US Navy. Only 19 versions have been built. The C-40A version is built for the US Navy. It is used to provide logistics support. The C-40A is capable of carrying 121 passengers, cargo, or cargo and passengers. The C-40B is the US Air Force model. It is designed to be an "office in the sky" for senior military, senators and government leaders.
Chernóbil, la noche del fin del mundo () is a Spanish documentary. It was produced by Plural Entertainment. It is hosted by Iker Jiménez and his partner and wife, Carmen Porter. The documentary is about the 1986 Chornobyl disaster. It was broadcast for the first time on 11 June 2008 at Yelmo Islazul cinemas in Madrid.
Luis Villoro Toranzo (3 November 1922 – 5 March 2014) was a Spanish–Mexican philosopher, researcher, university professor, diplomat, academic and writer. He published more than ten books between 1950 and 2007. He was born in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Villoro died from respiratory failure on 5 March 2014 in Mexico City. He was 91 years old.
Welsh English, or Wenglish (), is a mixture of Welsh and English that is spoken mainly by people in Wales. Welsh English also has , with the use of different words and grammar, in different parts of Wales. That is in addition to the several different accents that are used throughout Wales.
Lappajärvi is a municipality in Finland. It had 3,310 people living there in January 2014. The municipalities next to it are Alajärvi, Evijärvi, Kauhava, Lapua, Veteli and Vimpeli. Some villages. Mynkelinmäki, Nissi, Itäkylä, Savonkylä, Tarvola and Karvala.
Eye contact occurs when "two people look at each other's eyes at the same time". Eye contact is a form of nonverbal communication. It is a meaningful sign of social communication, but exactly what it means depends on the situation. The customs and significance of eye contact vary widely between cultures, with religious and social differences often altering its meaning greatly. Eye contact and facial expressions give social and emotional information. People, perhaps without consciously doing so, probe each other's eyes and faces for positive or negative mood signs. Sometimes, the meeting of eyes arouses strong emotions. Eye contact is also an important element in flirting, where it may serve to establish and gauge the other's interest in some situations. Different societies. In traditional societies, the role of women is usually very different from men. So, women lower their eyes, and do not to look directly at a man's face. Lustful glances at the opposite sex, young or adult, are forbidden. Another social difference is that of status. Japanese children are taught in school to direct their gaze at the region of their teacher's Adam's apple or tie knot. As adults, Japanese lower their eyes when speaking to a superior as a gesture of respect. In many cultures, such as East Asia and Nigeria, it is respectful not to look the dominant person in the eye, but in Western culture this can be interpreted as being "shifty-eyed", or untrustworthy.
Hellmuth Walter (26 August 1900 in Wedel near Hamburg – 16 December 1980 in Upper Montclair, New Jersey) was a German engineer. He pioneered research into rocket engines and gas turbines.  His most noteworthy contributions were rocket motors for the Messerschmitt Me 163 and Bachem Ba 349 fighter planes. He designed JATO (jet-assisted take-off) units for various Luftwaffe aircraft during World War II, and a revolutionary new propulsion system for submarines known as air-independent propulsion (AIP). In 1945 he got the Knight's Cross for his work. After the war he worked for the Royal Navy and in America. Finally, in 1956, he founded the company Hellmuth Walter GmbH in Kiel. In 1967 he built a civilian submarine, STINT, with Walter propulsion.
Kronoby () is a municipality in Ostrobothnia, Finland. It had about 6,700 people living there in January 2014. The municipalities next to it are Evijärvi, Kaustinen, Kokkola, Luoto, Pedersöre and Veteli.  The municipality was established in 1607.
Kaustinen is a municipality in Central Ostrobothnia, Finland. It had 4,293 people living there in January 2014. The municipalities next to it are Halsua, Kokkola, Kruunupyy and Veteli. The municipality was established in 1868.
Instagram, often known as Insta or IG, is an American online photo and video sharing social networking service, which allows users to take photo and videos. It also allows their addition of digital filters and sharing to followers, from where they can be further shared to other social networking services, such as Facebook, Twitter, Tumblr and Flickr. History. 2015. In 2015, Instagram confined photos to a square shape, similar to Kodak Instamatic and polaroid images.  2016. In August 2016, Instagram launched Instagram Stories, a feature that allows users to take photos by adding effects and layers to be placed into user stories. Photos uploaded to user stories will expire after 24 hours. This was different than the 4:3 typically used by digital cameras. Users were able to share very short videos.  2017. In 2017, the length limit was raised to ten minutes. Instagram was created by Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger. When Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger talked to famous photographer Peter Parker, a photographer for the Daily Bugle, Systrom and Krieger were inspired to make an app just for photography. It was released on October 6, 2010. 2021. As of December 2021, Cristiano Ronaldo was the user with the highest number of followers on the platform. Controversy. Antisemitism. Antisemitism is common on Instagram. Some celebrities, including Israeli Jewish actresses Gal Gadot and Noa Cohen, are also victims, who have to restrict commenting on their Instagram profiles to reduce antisemitic harassment from purported pro-Palestinian groups.  Holocaust denial and distortion. On January 23, 2025, the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) said in a press release that a UNESCO study found 16% of all Holocaust-related content across social media, especially Instagram, to be denying or distorting.
Guy Damien Lafleur OC, CQ (September 20, 1951 – April 22, 2022) was a Canadian retired professional ice hockey right winger. Lafleur became the first player in the National Hockey League to score 50 goals and 100 points in six straight seasons. Lafleur spent 17 seasons in the NHL, playing for the Montreal Canadiens, New York Rangers and Quebec Nordiques. During his time in the NHL, he won five Stanley Cups. He went by the nicknames "The Flower" and "The Demon Blond". He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1988. Lafleur died on April 22, 2022 in Montreal, Canada from lung cancer, aged 70.
Halsua is a municipality in Central Ostrobothnia, Finland. It had 1,233 people living there in January 2014. The municipalities next to it are Kaustinen, Kokkola, Lestijärvi, Perho and Veteli. Halsua was established in 1868. Many swamps cover the municipality's area, up to 60%.
Daniel Andre Sturridge (born 1 September 1989) is an English former professional footballer who played as a striker and is now a television pundit for Sky Sports. "England score listed first, score column indicates score after each Sturridge goal" Honours. Chelsea Liverpool Individual
The Battle of Glorieta Pass was a battle during the American Civil War. It was fought in New Mexico Territory on 28 March 1862. It was one of the farthest west battles of the war. There was a skirmish (or minor battle between small groups) on March 26. This was between scouting parties from each army. The main battle took place on March 28. The Confederates were able to push the Union force back through the pass. However, the Confederates had to when their supply train was destroyed and most of their horses were run off. Eventually, the Confederates had to leave the territory and return to Texas.  Other websites. The Battle of Glorieta Pass: A Shattered Dream, "National Park Service"
Benjamin Siegel (February 28, 1906 – June 20, 1947) was an American mobster with the Luciano crime family. He was Jewish. Siegel was a sociopath who had a criminal record for rape, robbery and murder. Siegel was one of the founders and leaders of Murder, Inc. and became a bootlegger during Prohibition. After Prohibition was repealed in 1933, he turned to gambling. He was one of the key people in the rise of Las Vegas in the 1940s. Warren Beatty starred as Siegel in the 1991 movie of his life, Bugsy. Siegel was the model for the character Moe Greene in "The Godfather" (Godfather part I).
A parliamentary republic is a name for a government. The system is used in many countries. What it looks like. In a parliamentary system, the legislature is the part of government that makes laws. The legislature also gives power to the executive (the part of government that enforces laws). This is the basic form of a parliamentary republic. The difference is how the legislature gets its power. The legislature is not chosen by a ruler or by birth. The people choose the legislature in an election. This means that the executives get their power from the legislature, but the legislature gets its power from the people. How it works. The people choose the legislature. There are many people in the legislature. That group then gets together to choose one person to be their leader. The leader is often part of the legislature. The name for this job is Prime Minister in most countries. The Prime Minister is the head of government. This person leads the country. This way, the people are the power behind the parliamentary republic. They choose the units that make government work.  This is different from other parliamentary systems because the legislature is chosen in a different way. In other parliamentary systems, members are chosen by the head of state, the local leaders, or by birth. In a parliamentary republic, the people choose the members. The people do this through elections. Sometimes they vote for every person in parliament. Other times they vote for people in their area. The politicians they elect go to parliament to make laws and select the head of state. This gives the people power to decide who is in government.
Nicolaas "Nico" Bloembergen (March 11, 1920 – September 5, 2017) was a Dutch-American physicist. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1981.  He won the award with Arthur Schawlow and Kai Siegbahn. He won the prize for his works in laser spectroscopy. Bloembergen was born in Dordrecht, Netherlands. He studied at Leiden University and at the University of Utrecht. Bloembergen became a naturalized citizen of the United States in 1951.
Francis Eugene George OMI (January 16, 1937 – April 17, 2015) was an American cardinal of the Catholic Church. He was the eighth Archbishop of Chicago. George resigned in September 2014 because of health issues. Blase J. Cupich succeeded him. From 2007 to 2010, he was President of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. George was born in Chicago, Illinois. He was diagnosed with bladder cancer in 2012. George died in Chicago from the disease at the age of 78.
William Harrison "Bones" Dillard (July 8, 1923 – November 15, 2019) was an American track and field athlete. He was the only male so far to win Olympic titles in both sprinting and hurdling events.  Dillard was born in Cleveland, Ohio. He studied at East Technical High School and at Baldwin-Wallace College. Dillard died of stomach cancer in Cleveland on November 15, 2019 at the age of 96.
Fred Waldron Phelps Sr. (November 13, 1929 – March 19, 2014) was an American pastor, civil rights activist and disbarred lawyer. He was born in Meridian, Mississippi. He is best known for heading the Westboro Baptist Church (WBC), an independent Baptist church based in Topeka, Kansas. He was often called "the most hated man in America". Early life. On September 3, 1935, when Phelps was five years old, his mother died of esophageal cancer. After the death of their mother, Phelps and his younger sister were raised by their great-aunt Irene Jordan in Meridian. In 1950, Jordan died in a car accident. On December 25, 1944, Phelps' father married Olive Briggs, and Phelps and his sister were raised by their father and stepmother in Meridian. Legal career. Phelps earned a law degree from Washburn University in 1964. He started the Phelps Chartered law firm. In 1989 Phelps' legal career ended. Political views. Phelps was a member of the Democratic Party. Death. Phelps died from congestive heart failure on the morning of March 19, 2014 in Topeka, Kansas. He was 84 years old.
Flight of the Conchords is a New Zealand comedy duo. They consist of Bret McKenzie and Jemaine Clement. Together they are actors, comedians and musicians. Their work spawned a BBC radio series and then a HBO television program "Flight of the Conchords" (2007–09). The group was formed in Wellington during 1998.
Jemaine Atea Mahana Clement (born 10 January 1974) is a New Zealand comedian, actor and musician. He is best known as one half of the Grammy Award-winning comedy duo Flight of the Conchords with Bret McKenzie. He has starred in movies such as "Gentlemen Broncos" (2009), "Rio" (2011), "Men in Black 3" (2012), "The BFG" and "Moana" (both 2016). Clement was born in Masterton, Wellington Region. He is of Māori ancestry. He has a son with his wife, theatre actress and playwright Miranda Manasiadis.
The Geneva Summit of 1985 was a meeting in Geneva, Switzerland. It was held on November 19 and 20, 1985. It was between U.S. president Ronald Reagan and Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev.  The two leaders met for the first time. They met to hold talks about not to use nuclear weapons and to seek a partnership between the United States and the Soviet Union.
The Moscow Summit was a summit meeting between U.S. President of the United States Ronald Reagan and General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Mikhail Gorbachev.  It was held on May 25 through June 3, 1988. The summit was held in order to seek peace and to ban nuclear weapon use between the Soviet Union and the United States. The treaty they signed was the INF Treaty.