ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Hennepin County ( ) is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census the population was 1,281,565. It is the most populous county in Minnesota and the 35th-most populous county in the United States. Its county seat is Minneapolis.
Phylotaxy or phylotaxis is the mode of arrangement of leaves on the stem of a plant (from Ancient Greek "leaf" and "arrangement"). Phyllotaxy has a function: it avoids over-crowding of leaves, and exposes the leaves to the most sunlight for photosynthesis. The four main types of phyllotaxy are alternate, opposite, ternate and whorled.
Edward Joseph "Ed" McGuire (born 29 October 1964) is an Australian radio and television presenter, commentator, journalist and businessman. He is known for his long relation with Australian rules football and the Nine Network. His media company is known as McGuire Media. He is the current president of the AFL Collingwood Football Club and Melbourne Stars Twenty20 cricket team. He is also the current host of Channel Nine game show "Millionaire Hot Seat" (2009–present). He formerly hosted the Australian version of game show "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?" (1999–2007). He is also an Australian rules football commentator for Fox Footy, and a columnist for the "Herald Sun". McGuire was born in Melbourne, Victoria. He is married to Carla. The couple have two sons.
Fernando Haddad (born 25 January 1960) is a Brazilian academic and politician who is the Minister of Finance since 2023. He was Mayor of São Paulo, Brazil's largest city, from 2013 to 2017. He was the Minister of Education from 2005 to 2012 in the cabinets of Presidents Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and Dilma Rousseff. Haddad was the Workers' Party candidate for President in the 2018 elections, replacing former president Lula, whose candidacy was banned by the Superior Electoral Court under the Clean Slate law. He lost the second round of the election on 28 October 2018 to Jair Bolsonaro.
Luiza Erundina de Sousa (; November 30, 1934) is a Brazilian politician. In 1997 she changed to the PSB party. When her party supported the impeachment process against president Dilma Rousseff, Erundina switched to party PSOL in March 2016. Erundina was on the São Paulo city council from 1983–1987. From 1987–1988 she was a state deputy for the state of São Paulo. She was São Paulo's first female mayor, serving from 1989 to 1992. In 1993, she became Brazil's Minister for the Federal Administration. Since 1999, Luiza Erundina has served as a Congresswoman in Brazil's Federal Congress. She was re-elected six times in a row, and now is disputing her seventh election as a Federal Deputy. She's considered a champion on the fight for women's rights, and a role model for the socialist youth.
Paulo Salim Maluf (; born September 3, 1931) is a Brazilian politician. He was the State Governor of São Paulo, Mayor of the City of São Paulo, Congressman and Presidential candidate. As of 2011, Maluf is on a second consecutive term as Federal Deputy. His political base is founded on populism and the provision of major public works.
Adam Clymer (April 27, 1937 – September 10, 2018) was an American journalist. He was a political correspondent for "The New York Times". He was born in New York City. He was a national political correspondent for the 1980 presidential election, polling editor from 1983 to 1990, political editor for George H. W. Bush's presidential campaign in 1988, and chief Washington correspondent from 1999 through 2003. Clymer when in September 2000 George W. Bush and running mate Dick Cheney appeared at a campaign event at Naperville, Illinois. While on stage before the event, Bush said to Cheney, "There's Adam Clymer, major-league asshole from the "New York Times"." Cheney responded, "Oh yeah, he is, big time." The remarks were picked up by a live microphone, causing a minor campaign controversy. Bush later publicly stated "I regret that a private comment I made to the vice presidential candidate made it through the public airways. I regret everybody heard what I said." In 1981, Clymer co-authored "Reagan: The Man, the President" with fellow "New York Times" journalists Hedrick Smith, Leonard Silk, Robert Lindsey, and Richard Burt. In 1999, he wrote "Edward M. Kennedy: A Biography". Clymer died from pancreatic cancer on September 10, 2018 in Washington, D.C. at the age of 81.
Bert Parks (born Bertram Jacobson; December 30, 1914 – February 2, 1992) was an American actor, singer, and radio and television announcer. He was best known for hosting the annual Miss America pageants from 1955 to 1979. The first game show that Parks hosted was "Party Line" on NBC. Other games Parks hosted in early television included "Stop the Music", "Masquerade Party" and the pilot for "Hollywood Squares". Parks was known for singing "There She Is, Miss America" to each new Miss America when he hosted the pageant. Parks was born in Atlanta, Georgia to a Jewish family. He died from lung cancer near La Jolla, California at the age of seventy-seven.
Jonathan Joseph Heder (born October 26, 1977) is an American actor and producer. He is best known for his role as the title character in the movie "Napoleon Dynamite" (2004). He appeared in the movies "The Benchwarmers" (2006), "Blades of Glory" (2007) and "When in Rome" (2010). He had voice roles in the animated movies "Monster House" (2006) and "Surf's Up" (2007). He also appeared in the television series "Napoleon Dynamite" (2012), again as the title character. Heder was born in Fort Collins, Colorado. He married Kirsten Bales in 2002. The couple have four children. He is a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
The Copley Medal is awarded by the Royal Society for the most important scientific discoveries. It was first awarded in 1731. It was awarded for "the most important scientific discovery or for the greatest contribution made by experiment". The Copley Medal is the world's oldest scientific prize and it was awarded 170 years before the first Nobel Prize. Notable winners include James Cook, Benjamin Franklin, William Herschel, John Hunter, Carl Friedrich Gauss, Charles Darwin, Michael Faraday, Dmitri Mendeleev, Albert Einstein, Max Planck and Francis Crick. Recent winners have been:
Richard Henderson (born 19 July 1945) is a Scottish molecular biologist and biophysicist. He is a pioneer in the field of electron microscopy of biological molecules. He shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2017 with Jacques Dubochet and Joachim Frank. Henderson has worked at the Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology (MRC LMB) in Cambridge since 1973, and was its director between 1996 and 2006. He was also a visiting professor at the Miller Institute of the University of California, Berkeley in Spring 1993. He worked out the structure of bacteriorhodopsin, a molecule in bacteria. The molecule captures energy from light, and uses it to move protons out of the cell. This was the second ever atomic model of a membrane protein. The techniques Henderson developed for electron crystallography are still in use.  Henderson's methods help to solve the structures of several G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs). They are a large protein family of receptors that detect molecules outside the cell. They activate internal signal transduction pathways. This leads to cell responses to the molecules outside the cell.
The Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratory of Molecular Biology (LMB) is a research institute in Cambridge, England. It was involved in the revolution in molecular biology which occurred in the 1950–60s. It is a major medical research laboratory with a broad focus.  A new £212m replacement building constructed close by to the original site on the Cambridge Biomedical Campus was opened in May 2013. The road outside the new building is named Francis Crick Avenue after the 1962 joint Nobel Prize winner, who co-discovered the helical structure of DNA in 1953. Scientific staff of the LMB who have been awarded Nobel prizes are:  Visitors who received a Nobel prize for work done, or started at the LMB and alumni include:
Dubuque County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 99,266. The county seat is Dubuque. The county is named for Julien Dubuque, the first European settler of Iowa. Dubuque County was founded on September 6, 1834.
Guthrie County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,623. The county seat is Guthrie Center. The county was founded on January 15, 1851 and named after Captain Edwin B. Guthrie, who had died in the Mexican–American War.
Shen Chun-shan (29 August 1932 – 12 September 2018) was a Taiwanese academic. He was known for being President of National Tsing Hua University from 1994 to 1997. He was known as one of the "four princes of Taiwan" along with Chen Li-an, Fredrick Chien, and Lien Chan, all of whose fathers became famous in politics before their sons' successes. In 2012, Shen suffered a massive stroke and was left in a coma. He died six years later on 12 September 2018 at a Hsinchu hospital from an gastrointestinal hemorrhage, aged 86.
Jackson County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,485. The county seat is Maquoketa. The county was founded on December 21, 1837 and named after U.S. President Andrew Jackson. Geography. The county has a total area of . Communities. Townships. Jackson County is divided into 18 townships:
Rachid Taha (Arabic: رشيد طه) (18 September 1958 – 12 September 2018) was an Algerian singer-songwriter and activist. His career was based in Paris. He was described as "sonically adventurous". His music was inspired by many different styles such as rock, electronic, punk and raï. raï, Taha was born in Sig (Mascara Province), Algeria. He was known for his songs "Voilà, Voilà", "Ya Rayah", and "It's Now or Never". Taha was also a known political activist and critic of the George W. Bush and Donald Trump administrations for their nuclear weapons stance. Taha suffered a heart attack in his sleep on 12 September 2018 in Paris, aged 59.
Lee County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. It was founded in 1838. In the 2020 census, 33,555 people lived there. Its county seats are Fort Madison and Keokuk. It has 539 square miles (1,400 km2) of land.
The Allegheny River ( ) is a principal tributary of the Ohio River. It is located in the Eastern United States. The Allegheny River joins with the Monongahela River to form the Ohio River at the "Point" of Point State Park in Downtown Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The Allegheny River is, by volume, the main headstream of both the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers.
Andre A. "Andy" Martel (December 16, 1946 – December 22, 2016) was an American businessman and politician. Martel served in the New Hampshire House of Representatives from 1998 to 2002 and from 2012 until his death and served in the New Hampshire State Senate from 2002 to 2006. He was a Republican. Martel was born in Manchester, New Hampshire on December 16, 1946 and died at Catholic Medical Center in Manchester, New Hampshire on December 22, 2016, aged 70.
Kurt Helmudt (7 December 1943 – 7 September 2018) was a retired Danish rower. Together with Bjørn Hasløv, Erik Petersen and John Hansen he won a gold medal at the 1964 Summer Olympics and a silver medal at the 1964 European Championships in the coxless fours event. He also won a bronze medal at the 1970 World Rowing Championships with another team. He was born in Copenhagen. Helmudt died on 7 September 2018, in Copenhagen at the age of 74.
Donald David Newman (November 22, 1957 – September 11, 2018) was an American basketball coach and player and Canadian football wide receiver and an assistant coach for the Washington Wizards and San Antonio Spurs of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Newman was head coach of the Arizona State Sun Devils for the 1997–98 season, and the Sacramento State from 1992 to 1997.  Newman played Canadian football for the Saskatchewan Roughriders from 1981 to 1983. He was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. Newman died of cancer on September 11, 2018 in New Orleans at the age of 60.
Fredrick Chien, or Chien Foo (; born 17 February 1935) is a Chinese politician. He was the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of China on Taiwan from 1990 to 1996 and president of the Control Yuan from 1999 to 2005.  Chien was born in Hangzhou, Chekiang.
The Greenland halibut or Greenland turbot ("Reinhardtius hippoglossoides") is part of the Pleuronectidae family and is the only species of the genus Reinhardtius. It is a deep water fish, ranging between about , and is found in the northern Atlantic and northern Pacific Ocean. The Greenland halibut is a flatfish, and the left eye has migrated during the fish's development so that it is on the right side of the head. This fish is used for food and is caught mostly by trawling. Greenpeace thinks the fishery is unsustainable and has added the Greenland halibut to its seafood red list. This designation is widely considered to be based upon limited and unverifiable data.
Chen Li-an (; born 22 June 1937), sometimes spelled Chen Lu-an, is a Taiwanese electrical engineer, mathematician and retired politician. He was born in Qingtian, Zhejiang, Republic of China. From 1993 to 1995, he was the President of Control Yuan. Chen was Minister of Economic Affairs of the Republic of China from 1988 to 1990. He was Minister of National Defense of the Republic of China from 1991 to 1993.
Peter Michael "Pete" Davidson (born November 16, 1993) is an American comedian and actor. He was a cast member on "Saturday Night Live". He was born in Staten Island, New York City. He is also known for dating tons of gorgeous women. Davidson has also appeared on the MTV shows "Guy Code", "Wild 'n Out", and "Failosophy". He has performed stand-up comedy on "Adam DeVine's House Party", "Jimmy Kimmel Live!", and "Comedy Underground with Dave Attell", and guest-starred in "Brooklyn Nine-Nine". Davidson's father was one of the many firefighters who were killed in the September 11 attacks while last seen at the Marriott World Trade Center. Davidson has borderline personality disorder and Crohn's disease. On June 20, 2018, Davidson confirmed that he and singer and actress Ariana Grande were married.
The Marriott World Trade Center was a 22-story steel-framed hotel building with 825 rooms. It opened in July 1981 as the Vista International Hotel and was located at 3 World Trade Center in Manhattan, New York City, with the World Trade Center complex. The hotel was destroyed as a result of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, after the collapse of the Twin Towers. The hotel was not replaced as part of the new World Trade Center complex, but will rather share its name with the new office tower. The Vista International was the first hotel to open in Lower Manhattan since 1836. The building was designed by Skidmore, Owings &amp; Merrill.
Lars Onsager (November 27, 1903 – October 5, 1976) was a Norwegian-born American physical chemist and theoretical physicist. He held the Gibbs Professorship of Theoretical Chemistry at Yale University. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1968. Education and early life. Lars Onsager was born in Kristiania (now Oslo), Norway. His father was a lawyer. After completing secondary school in Oslo, he attended the Norwegian Institute of Technology (NTH) in Trondheim, graduating as a chemical engineer in 1925. Career and research. In 1925 he discovered that the Debye-Hückel theory of electrolytic solutions was wrong. This theory explained Brownian movement of ions in solution. In 1926 he published a correction to the theory. He traveled to Zürich, where Peter Debye was teaching, and told him his theory was wrong. Debye was so impressed by Onsager's work that he asked him to become his assistant. Onsager stayed at the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) until 1928. Johns Hopkins University. In 1928 Onsager went to the United States to teach at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland. He was a genius in developing theories, he was not a very good chemistry teacher, and he was dismissed after one semester. Brown University. His next job was teaching statistical mechanics at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island. Again he was found to be no good at teaching. He did make significant contributions to statistical mechanics and thermodynamics. The only student who could really understand his lectures on electrolyte systems was Raymond Fuoss. Fuoss eventually joined him at Yale University.  In 1933, during the Great Depression Brown's decided they could not afford to employ someone who could not teach and he was dismissed. . His research at Brown was on the effects on diffusion of temperature gradients. He came up with a set of equations  in 1929 now called Onsager reciprocal relations. The importance of these equations in statistical mechanics was not realized for many years
The Chicago blizzard of 1967 struck northeast Illinois and northwest Indiana on January 26–27, 1967, with a record-setting snow fall in Chicago and its suburbs before the storm abated the next morning.  As of 2017, it remains the greatest snowfall in one storm in Chicago history.  As the blizzard was a surprise during the day with people already at work or school, it stopped the city for a few days as people dug out. "The storm was a full-blown blizzard, with 50 mph-plus northeast wind gusts creating drifts as high as 15 feet."
The Chicago blizzard of 1979 was a major blizzard that affected northern Illinois and northwest Indiana, United States on January 13–14, 1979. It was one of the largest Chicago snowstorms in history at the time, with 21 inches of snowfall in the two-day period.  Only two to four inches of snow was expected but by the end of January 14, the depth of snow on the ground peaked at 29 inches. The blizzard lasted for a total of 38 hours.  At its peak, wind gusts reached speeds of 39 miles per hour. Five people died during the blizzard, with about 15 others seriously injured. One of the five deaths came when a snowplow driver attacked 34 cars and a man.
The iPhone X and iPhone X Max (pronounced "ten S" and "ten S Max") are smartphones sold by Apple Inc. The two phone models were announced on September 12, 2018, at the Steve Jobs Theater in Cupertino, California. Along with the lower-cost iPhone X, they are succeeding the iPhone X that was released in 2017. The X and X Max are available in silver, space gray, and gold, with 64, 256, or 512 GB storage options. The X has a 5.8″ OLED screen, while the Max has a 6.5″ OLED screen, the biggest on any iPhone ever. The X sells starting at US $999, while the X Max starts at US $1,099. Both models contain a notch that holds the front camera into place and also lack a home button, like the previous iPhone X. The X, X Max, and XR are the first iPhones to not include a Lightning-to-3.5 mm audio adapter. Lightning-to-3.5 mm audio adapters can only be bought separately. Pre-orders for the phones began on September 14, 2018, with the phones available to the public on September 21.
Japan Victor Company (Japanese: 日本ビクター株式会社, "Nihon Bikutā Kabushiki-gaisha?") is known as JVC. It is a Japanese company making electronic devices for the domestic and professional markets. They make many products, such as camcorders, VCRs and DVD players, CD-R and DVD-R discs, and televisions. Its headquarters are in the city of Yokohama, Japan. It was founded in 1927. JVC's two big milestones are being the first Japanese company to make televisions, and the invention of a system of the domestic video VHS.
José Antonio Díaz (born February 19, 1963), better known as Joey "CoCo" Diaz, is a Cuban-born American stand-up comedian and actor. He has appeared in movies and television shows such as "The Longest Yard", "My Name Is Earl", "Grudge Match", "The Dog Who Saved Christmas" and "Spider-Man 2". He is also well known for his appearances on podcasts such as his own that he hosts, "The Church of What's Happening Now" (2012–present), and as a guest on "The Joe Rogan Experience". He also voiced Roman "The Butcher" Barbieri in the video game "Mafia III" (2016). Diaz was born in Havana. He moved to the United States with his parents in the 1970s, living in North Bergen, New Jersey. He was a heavy cocaine user until 2007. He has been married to Terrie Clark since 2009. He also has a daughter with his ex-wife.
Michael Ellis Fisher (3 September 1931 – 26 November 2021) was an English physicist, chemist and mathematician. He is known for his work on statistical physics, including the theory of phase transitions and . Academic background. Michael E. Fisher studied science at King's College London in 1951, and a PhD in physics in 1957. He began teaching at the college in 1958 and became a full professor in 1965. In 1966 he moved to Cornell University as professor of chemistry, physics, and mathematics. In 1971, he became a Fellow of the Royal Society. In 1983, he was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences, chemistry section. Since 1987 he has been at the Institute for Physical Science and Technology, at the University of Maryland College of Computer, Mathematical, and Natural Sciences. Fisher lived in Maryland with his wife Sorrel. They have four children. Two of them are also theoretical physicists: Daniel S. Fisher is professor of Applied Physics at Stanford, while Matthew P. A. Fisher is professor of Physics at the University of California, Santa Barbara. He did on 26 November 2021, at the age of 90. Awards. Fisher together with Kenneth G. Wilson and Leo Kadanoff won the Wolf Prize in 1980. In 1983, Fisher was awarded the Boltzmann Medal for his work on phase transitions and critical phenomena. He won the Lars Onsager Prize in 1995 for his work on statistical mechanics. Other awards include:
Statistical physics is a branch of physics. It uses probability theory, statistics, and mathematical tools to solve certain physical problems. It can describe fields where objects or events seem to be random. It can be used for problems in physics, biology, chemistry, neurology, and even some social sciences, such as sociology.  Its main purpose is to explain the properties of matter in total, by physical laws governing atomic motion. It was first used in physics to study how particles or objects moved when subjected to a force. Examples of its use include explaining and quantitatively describing superconductivity, superfluidity, turbulence, and plasma, and the structural features of a liquid. It is widely used in modern astrophysics.
Rory Bushfield (born May 30, 1983) is a Canadian professional skier, filmmaker, and reality show star. Bushfield is a former member of Canada's World Cup team, skiing moguls. He has also competed in slopestyle skiing before focusing on backcountry skiing and filmmaking. Bushfield was a contestant on the reality diving competition "Splash" beginning in March 2013. He won the competition, defeating Nicole Eggert, on May 7, 2013. Personal life. Bushfield and fellow freeskier Sarah Burke were married in Pemberton, British Columbia on September 25, 2010. Burke was a four-time gold medalist at the Winter X Games and won the world championship in halfpipe in 2005. She died after a training accident in Utah on January 19, 2012. He started the Sarah Burke Foundation in her memory. Bushfield lives in Squamish, British Columbia. He is also a single-engine pilot.
Coös County (, with two syllables), frequently spelled Coos County, is a county in the state of New Hampshire, in the United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 31,268, the least of any New Hampshire county. The county seat is Lancaster. Coös County was founded in 1803.
Sullivan County is a county in the U.S. state of New Hampshire. As of the 2020 census, the population was 43,063, making it the second-least populous county in New Hampshire. The county seat is Newport. Sullivan County was founded in 1827 named for John Sullivan (1740–1795), the Revolutionary War hero and a former governor. It was formed from the northern part of Cheshire County.
Lucas County is a county in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,634. The county seat is Chariton. The county was founded in 1846 and named for Robert Lucas, a governor of the territory.