ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
"Uptown Funk!" is a song by British DJ/producer Mark Ronson, featuring American singer Bruno Mars. This song was heavily influenced by Minneapolis sound from the early 1980s. The song was released on November 10, 2014. It reached #1 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. It was Mars' sixth #1 song on that chart. The song also hit #1 on other charts. The song samples "Bye Bye" by Chimbala featuring Liro Shaq and Mozart La Para and "I Don't Believe You Want to Get Up and Dance (Oops!)" by The Gap Band. It was written by Mars, Ronson, Jeff Bhasker, Philip Lawrence, Devon Gallaspy, Lonnie Simmons, Rudolph Taylor, and Robert, Ronnie, and Charlie Wilson. Mars, Ronson, and Bhasker produced the song. The song finished as the #1 song of the 2010s decade on the "Billboard" Hot 100.
Parthenay is a "commune", an ancient fortified town, in the Deux-Sèvres department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in western France. It is a subprefecture of the Deux-Sèvres department. It is also the capital of the "arrondissement" of Parthenay. Geography. Parthenay is considered the capital of the "Gâtine poitevine" (or "Gâtine de Parthenay"), a region with bocages that is found in the central third of the department of Deux-Sèvres. It is at to the southeast of Bressuire, the other subprefecture of the department. The city is at about from Bordeaux, from Paris, from Marseille and from Toulouse. The "commune" has an area of . Its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is . The "commune" of Parthenay is surrounded by the "communes": The Thouet river, a left tributary of the Loire river, flows through the city. Climate. The climate of Parthenay, in the Köppen climate classification, is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers. Population. The inhabitants of Parthenay are known, in French, as " Parthenaisiens" (women: "Parthenaisiennes"). With a population of 10,367, Parthenay has a population density of inhabitants/km2. Evolution of the population in Parthenay Administration. Parthenay is a subprefecture of the Deux-Sèvres department, the capital of the "arrondissement" of Parthenay and the administrative centre () of the canton of Parthenay. It is part of the intercommunality "Parthenay-Gâtine" (). Twinned and partner towns. Parthenay is twinned with:
Narbonne () is a French commune, a "subprefecture" in the Aude department. It is in the Occitanie region. It is also the capital of the "arrondissement" of Narbonne. It was a wealthy port and major city in Roman times but now is at about from the shores of the Mediterranean Sea. Geography. The "commune" of Narbonne has an area of . The lowest point in the "commune" is 0 m along the Mediterranean coast and the highest point is ; its average altitude is and the city hall is an altitude of . The "commune" of Narbonne is surrounded by the "communes": Climate. The climate of Narbonne, in the Köppen climate classification, is Csa - Mediterranean climate with hot summers. Population. The inhabitants of this city are known, in French, as "Narbonnais" (women: "Narbonnaises"). With a population of 52,855, Narbonne has a population density of inhabitants/km2. Evolution of the population in Narbonne Narbonne forms the urban area of Narbonne with a population of 52,855 inhabitants (2014) and an area of . This urban area is the centre of the metropolitan area of Narbonne, formed by 24 "communes" with a population of 91,825 inhabitants (2013) and an area of . Administration. Narbonne is a subprefecture of the Aude department, the capital of the "arrondissement" of Narbonne and the administrative centre () of three cantons It is part of the intercommunality "Le Grand Narbonne" (). Twinned and partner towns. Narbonne is twinned with:
A truncated icosahedron is an Archimedean solid. A regular icosahedron is made of 20 faces. When a regular icosahedron is truncated, this means that each "corner" (or vertex) is replaced by a pentagon, as there are five edges at each corner.  A truncated icosahedron is made of 12 regular pentagons and 20 hexagons. It has 60 vertices, and 90 edges.  Truncated icosahedra in nature. The molecule Fullerene is made of 60 carbon atoms and looks like a truncated icosahedron.  Most soccer balls are truncated icosahedra.
Soviet Philatelist or Sovetskii Filatelist was a Soviet central philatelic magazine published in 1922–1932. In 1925 and in 1928–1932, its name was changed to Soviet Collector or Sovetskii Kollektsioner. History. By 1922, shortly after the Civil War, a number of magazines and pamphlets for collectors appeared in Soviet Russia: However, centralisation of collectors' organisations and periodicals was wanted: By 1924, these local magazines eventually closed down. In September 1922, the new magazine, "Soviet Philatelist", first saw print in Moscow. Its founder and editor was F. G. Chuchin, Commissioner for Philately and Scripophily. In 1925, the magazine name was changed to "Sovetskii Kollektsioner". The magazine was published biweekly. It was edited by V. A. Bessonov at that time. In 1926 three magazines, "Sovetskii Filatelist", "Sovetskii Kollektsioner" and "Radio de Filintern", were combined. They began to be published under one cover. Their individual lineal numeration was preserved. The last combined issue came out in December 1927. In the first half of 1928, the cover of the combined issues was only under one title, "Sovetskii Filatelist". In July 1928, the magazine was renamed to "Sovetskii Kollektsioner". It was published by the Soviet Philatelic Association and the All-Russian Society of Philatelists. The last issue appeared in December 1932.
An academic or scholarly journal contains articles written by experts in a particular subject. Academic journals are often forums for discussing new research, and the critique of existing research. They usually contain articles presenting original research, review articles, and book reviews. The purpose of an academic journal is to give researchers a place to exchange knowledge. Academic journals can be traced back to the 17th century. The term "academic journal" applies to scholarly publications in all fields. Scientific journals and journals of the social sciences vary in form and function from journals of the humanities. A particular type of academic journal is the peer reviewed journal. Articles are sent out anonymously to other experts in the same field. In this way they won't know the author's name and can remain impartial. Experts review the article before it is published.
Paul Eisler (1907 – 26 October 1992) was an Austrian inventor. He invented the modern circuit board. He also invented fish fingers (also called "fish sticks"). Early life and education. Eisler was born in Vienna, Austria. He was a student at Vienna University of Technology. German nationalists would not let Eisler get a job in Vienna, because he was Jewish. He got a job with an English company (Gramaphone Company, EMI from March 1931). He removed interference from music broadcast on trains. He moved to England but was sent to an internment camp during WWII. Eventually, his circuit boards for the Americans helped defeat German V-1 flying bombs. Inventions. He invented the modern circuit board. He created a pizza warmer, and the rear window defroster. He also invented fish fingers.
The Ziegfeld Follies were a series of elaborate theatrical productions on Broadway in New York City from 1907 through 1931, with renewals in 1934 and 1936. The Ziegfeld Follies were inspired by the Folies Bergère of Paris. They were conceived and mounted by Florenz Ziegfeld. The show producers were Klaw &amp; Erlanger, the top turn-of-the-twentieth-century showmen. History. The Follies were lavish variety shows, something like music hall or high class Vaudeville. Many of the top entertainers of the era appeared in the shows. The list includes W. C. Fields, Eddie Cantor, Josephine Baker, Fanny Brice, Ann Pennington, Bert Williams, Eva Tanguay, Bob Hope, Will Rogers, Ruth Etting, Ray Bolger, Helen Morgan, Louise Brooks, Marilyn Miller, Ed Wynn, Gilda Gray, Nora Bayes, Sophie Tucker. The Ziegfeld Follies also were famous for many, beautiful chorus girls commonly known as Ziegfeld girls, usually wearing elaborate costumes by designers such as Erté, Lady Duff Gordon or Ben Ali Haggin. The first "Follies" was produced in 1907 at the roof theatre "Jardin de Paris". The Ziegfeld girls "paraded up and down flights of stairs as anything from birds to battleships." The "Tableau vivants" were designed by Ben Ali Haggin from 1917 to 1925. Joseph Urban was the scenic designer for the "Follies" shows starting in 1915. After Ziegfeld's death, his widow Billie Burke, authorized use of his name for Ziegfeld Follies in 1934 and 1936 to Jake Shubert, who then produced the "Follies". When later it toured, the 1934 edition was recorded in its entirety, from the Overture to Play-out music. First issued as a series of 78 rpm discs, the recording was later released as a compact disc (1997). Media. They became a radio program in 1932 and 1936 as "The Ziegfeld Follies of the Air". The 1936 Academy Award Best Picture winner was M-G-M's "The Great Ziegfeld", starring William Powell as the master showman and co-starring Myrna Loy (as Ziegfeld's second wife Billie Burke),
Mississippian culture is the culture of the Mississippian people. They were Native Americans who lived in the Mississippi River Valley. Around 900–1450 AD, the Mississippian culture developed and spread through the Eastern Woodlands. Mississippian people were most often farmers who settled into river valleys and grew the "three sisters" of corn, beans and squash. The Mississippian peoples lived throughout the Southeast and Midwest, an area from the Florida panhandle westward into Oklahoma, northward to Minnesota and eastward to Ohio.
Pan Arabism is a political movement and belief system that promotes the idea that all Arabs should unite to form one country or state. The idea of Pan Arabism was first created during the late 19th century. Pan Arabism’s popularity grew, and in the 1950s Middle Eastern leaders, including Egypt’s President Gamal Abdel Nasser, became major supporters of the Pan-Arab movement. Pan Arabists generally believe that all countries with Arab populations should come together or unify and that Western powers, like the United States or Great Britain, should not have any political power or influence in North Africa or the Arabian Peninsula. Origin &amp; Development. During the 19th century, the Ottoman Empire controlled most of the Middle East. The Middle East, at the time, was very diverse. Many different ethnic and cultural groups of people lived in the region. By 1900, the Ottoman Empire was in decline and many of the different groups of people living in the Empire wanted to form independent governments managed by people living within their own communities.  One group that began to form their own ideas about a self-governed or self determined community were Arabs. Many educated Arab students and professors working at universities, like Al-Azhar University, began to publish magazines and form clubs promoting the idea of a unified Arab community or nation. These ideas became very popular across Arab regions of the former Ottoman Empire. By 1913, Arab organizations from all around the Middle East met to form the first Arab Congress in Paris, France. At the Congress, Arabs from around the Ottoman Empire discussed the possibility of freeing themselves from the Ottoman Empire and establishing Arab-governed countries.  The Ottoman Empire responded to the Arab Congress by punishing Arab nationalists. In some territories of the Ottoman Empire, Arab nationalists were put in jail and even killed for their activities.  During World War One, many Arab groups support the Allied powers’ military campaign against the Ottoman Empire. At the end of World War I, the Ottoman Empire collapsed, and the Allied Powers met together to decide what would happen to the territory formerly under Ottoman control. Despite supporting the Allies during the war, many Arab countries were not granted their freedom by the Allies. Still eager to gain
The National School Lunch Program (NSLP) is a government-funded program that helps provide free and reduced-price lunches to students in American schools. History. The National School Lunch Program was created to fight hunger and bad nutrition that existed during World War I. One-third of the young men called to be soldiers in World War I were turned down from service. This was due to poor nutrition-related problems such as being underweight. After the war, teachers, parents, doctors, and scientists began to fight poor nutrition in children. ‘Hot Lunch Clubs’ opened up all over the country to give healthy meals to schoolchildren. This program started as a volunteer-run school lunch program in the 1920s. However, in the 1930s, this program received public support and some state funding.  During the Great Depression, many farmers were paid record low prices for their food. This was because there was more farm-grown food than people needed. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) tried to solve the problem by giving the extra food to schools. The USDA was allowed to use government money to buy extra food and give it to the schools. In order to receive the food donations, school lunch programs had to run on a non-profit basis. This meant that the meals needed to be served to poor students at free or reduced rates. School cafeterias began to pop up around the country. Both the schools and the USDA began to depend on the relationship.  As World War II began, the government wanted to focus on good health so that the soldiers would be ready for war. Government officials asked health professionals to create standards (rules) for the amount of vitamins, calories and other things needed to stay healthy. These became known as the Recommended Daily Allowances (RDAs). School lunch programs had to use the standards when planning their menus. In 1946, President Truman signed the law that would provide long-term funding to the National School Lunch Program. The USDA continued to manage the school lunch program. Budget and funding. Today the National School Lunch Program serves more than 31 billion meals a day. In 2012 this equaled more than $11 billion dollars spent on the program. Additionally, more than
In calculus, the first derivative test is used to find local maxima and minima of a function. The first derivative test can be used to determine intervals of increase and intervals of decrease. Critical Points (and how to find them). Critical points are values in the domain of a function where its derivative is 0 or undefined (formula_1 or formula_2 does not exist). To find the critical points of a function, the first derivative of the function is computed and set equal to zero. Next, the zeroes of this equation are solved for. If is is a rational function (formula_3, where formula_4) the values that will cause the denominator to be equal to 0 are found. This is done because this will make the function undefined. In this case, the equation is not differentiable at that point. These are all of the critical numbers. These numbers into put into the original function to find the coordinate of these critical points. Example. If: formula_5 formula_6 formula_7 formula_8 and formula_9 formula_10 formula_11 So, the two critical points are formula_12 and formula_13. First derivative test. The intervals between points must be considered to know if the points are local maximas, minimas, or neither. To do this, a value from each interval is put into the first derivative of the function. If the value is positive, then it is an interval of increase. If the value is negative, then it is an interval of decrease. If two neighboring intervals change signs, that point is either a local maxima or minima. If the first interval is positive and the second interval negative, the critical point is a local maxima. If the first interval is negative and the second interval positive, the critical point is a local minima. If both intervals are positive or both intervals are negative, the critical point is not a local maxima or minima. The first derivative test is used in calculus optimization problems.
Frankenstein’s monster, otherwise known as Prometheus Frankenstein, Adam Frankenstein or Luficer Frankenstein, is a fictional character from Mary Shelley’s 1818 novel "Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus". He is a humanoid replicant who is created by another character in the novel called Victor Frankenstein. The creature has no name in popular culture but is sometimes named "creature", "fiend", "spectre", "fiend", "wretch", "insect", "demon", "ogre", "being", "thing" or "it". In the novel, Victor creates the human-like monster in the upstairs room of his apartment at the University of Ingolstadt. He creates it by putting together body parts from graveyards and butcher shops. He uses a method that is not clearly explained involving chemistry and galvanism to make the creature come alive. Victor leaves the creature in horror the minute it is awake. It leaves his apartment in the middle of the night. Appearance. In the novel, the monster looks as though: He is 8.1 feet tall because Victor believed that it would be easier to make a human body if all the body parts were bigger. In popular media and culture, he is shown with green skin. In the novel, his skin is actually more of a yellow hue. The green portrayal of the creature with electricity bolts in his neck came from Boris Karloff’s movie portrayal of the monster. Personality. In the beginning, Frankenstein’s monster is like a baby. He is unable to talk. He discovers the world through sensing and observing. The monster develops understanding of simple things such as temperatures of hot and cold, sounds of birds chirping, and the differences between the sun and the moon. He eats roots, nuts, and berries when he is hungry. He finds a coat and some books while out in the wilderness. He is described as sensitive, emotional, intelligent, prone to anger and violence, and very good at speaking. He learns how to speak from a family that he observes. He teaches himself how to read the books that he found. He has a severe sense of rejection from Victor and from every human he encounters. He has bad experiences with
Tabassum Adnan (Urdu: تبسم عدنان) (born 1977) is a women's rights activist from Pakistan. In 2015, she won the U.S. State Department's International Women of Courage Award because of her work for justice for Pakistani women. Life. Tabassum Adnan was born in 1977. She grew up in the Swat Valley of Pakistan. Tabassum was married when she was 13 years old. She had four children. She was a victim of domestic violence. After she was married for 20 years, she divorced her husband.  The jirga for women. Tabassum did not have a home or money, so she went to a local group for women. The group gave her the idea to work for more participation for women. First, she went to the Swat Qaumi Aman Jirga, a group with only men, but they refused her. A jirga is an informal court that enforces "qisas" (retribution laws). It is not a formal court, but many times the formal courts will listen to their decisions. In May 2013, Adnan started her own jirga. It was the first women's jirga in Pakistan.  In Pakistan, women are used as chattel, or property, to settle disagreements between men. They are traded in marriage to pay debts and claims of honor, and to pay for crimes. Because women have little power, Adnan knew that her group needed to get the police and the courts to act. Her jirga has 25 women. It works to pressure the police and the traditional court system, and it gives legal help to the victims. The "Khwendo Jirga", or Sister’s Council also works for free education for girls, good health for women and girls, training in both home skills and work skills, loans for small business, and voting. The jirga also works for laws to stop violence against women, especially honor killings, dowry harassments, acid attacks, and torture. At first, the men's jirgas did not like the "Khwendo J
Margaret Isabel Dunning (June 26, 1910 – May 17, 2015) was an American philanthropist. She was the benefactor of the Plymouth (Michigan) Historical Museum. She was born in Redford, Michigan. Dunning died at the age of 104 from complications from a fall while on a trip in Santa Barbara, California.
Jerome Cooper (December 14, 1946 – May 6, 2015) was an American free jazz musician. He was known as a multi-dimensional drummer. Cooper played balafon, chirimia and electronic tonal activator in addition to trap drums. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. Cooper died in Brooklyn, New York City from multiple myeloma, aged 68.
Dean S. Potter (April 14, 1972 – May 16, 2015) was an American free climber, alpinist, BASE jumper, BASEliner, and highliner. He was known for hard first ascents, free solo ascents, speed ascents, and enchainments in Yosemite National Park and Patagonia. Death. On May 16, 2015, Potter and Graham Hunt were killed while attempting a wingsuit flight from Taft Point above Yosemite Valley. While attempting to maneuver through the cliffs, each in turn collided with the rocks. Their bodies were discovered by a helicopter searching for the two men. Neither had deployed their parachute.
Flora MacNeil, MBE (1928 – 16 May 2015) was a Scottish Gaelic singer. MacNeil was born in 1928 on the island of Barra. She was known for signing "Mo Run Geal Og" (“My Fair Young Love”), one of the greatest of the "Orain Mor", or “Big Songs”. She was known as the "Queen of Gaelic singers". MacNeil died after a short-illness, aged 86.
"The Thrill Is Gone" is a 1969 slow minor-key blues song written by West coast blues musician Roy Hawkins and Rick Darnell in 1951. Hawkins' recording of the song reached number six in the "Billboard" R&amp;B chart in 1951. In 1970, "The Thrill Is Gone" became a major hit for B.B. King. Afterwards, many blues and other artists have recorded their versions of the song.
"Wind of Change" is a 1990 hard rock pop ballad song by the Scorpions. The song is about the ending of the Cold War and hope when tense conditions came up.  The song was released in January 1991. It became a worldwide hit single during 1991. The song has sold millions of copies worldwide since then. It hit #4 on the American "Billboard" Hot 100. notable soundtrack includes is featured in the films or television "The Powerpuff Girls Movie" unused trailer, "Godzilla vs. Kong" fan-fiction dub version, "Nutri Ventures" as a international dub parody version.  There is also a Russian language version of the song.