ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Cordell Hull (October 2, 1871 – July 23, 1955) was an American politician from Tennessee. He was the Secretary of State for 11 years. He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1945 for helping make the United Nations. He was a lawyer in his younger years, and an Army officer in the Spanish–American War. He was a US Representative for over 20 years. He later was appointed to the Democratic National Committee. He then became a US Senator, but resigned because he was appointed Secretary of State. As Secretary he promoted a "good neighbor" policy towards Latin America and help for China in its war against Japan. He resigned from the secretary position when his health failed. He died in 1955 from heart attacks and strokes.
The Boys' Singles tournament of the 2010 US Open started on Sunday September 5th, the seventh day of the main tournament. Bernard Tomic was the defending champion, but was no longer eligible to compete as a Junior this year. Jack Sock, who received wildcard into the singles main draw, won this tournament, after defeating Denis Kudla in the final. Qualifying draw. The following player received the lucky loser spot:
Sir Peter Markham Scott (London, 14 September 1909 – Bristol, 29 August 1989) was a British ornithologist, conservationist, painter, Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve officer and sportsman. Scott was knighted in 1973 for his contribution to the conservation of wild animals. He had been a founder of the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), a founder of several wetlands bird sactuaries in Britain, and an influence on international conservation. He received the WWF Gold Medal, and the J. Paul Getty Prize for his work. Early life. Scott was born in London, the only child of Antarctic explorer Robert Falcon Scott ("Scott of the Antarctic") and sculptor Kathleen Bruce. He was two years old when his father died. Robert Scott, in a last letter to his wife, advised her to "make the boy interested in natural history if you can; it is better than games". He was educated at Oundle School and Trinity College, Cambridge, at first taking Natural Sciences but graduating in the History of Art in 1931. After graduating, he studied art in Germany and London. He had his first exhibition in London in 1933, and sold his first paintings. In 1935 he published "Morning Flight", illustrated by himself. As a young man, Scott was not wealthy, and the income from his paintings was the basis of his life. The paintings themselves sold well, but most of the income came from books and reproductions. The reproductions, which were printed by Ankermann of Bond Street, are still selling well. From this 'income stream' Scott was able to keep a family, and buy some of the land he wanted for wildfowl refuges. In the 1936 Berlin Olympic Games, he represented Great Britain at sailing, winning a bronze medal in the smallest class of boat, the O-Jolle or dinghy. World War II. As war approached, in 1939, he joined the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve. In 1940 he was a in a Destroyer as a Lieutenant. After joining Coastal Forces he rose to Lieutenant-Commander and commanded a flotilla of Motor Gun Boats in the Channel.
Heather Watson was the defending champion, but was no longer eligible to compete as a Junior that year. Daria Gavrilova won this event, after beating her compatriot Yulia Putintseva 6–3, 6–2 in the final. Qualifying draw. The following player received the lucky loser spot:
Márton Fucsovics and Hsieh Cheng-peng were the defending champions, but Hsieh did not enter the junior competition this year. Fucsovics played alongside Máté Zsiga, but the team lost to Guilherme Clézar and Tiago Fernandes in the second round. Duilio Beretta and Roberto Quiroz defeated Oliver Golding and Jiří Veselý 6–1, 7–5 in the final.
Valeria Solovieva and Maryna Zanevska were the defending champions but did not enter the junior competition this year. Tímea Babos and Sloane Stephens won the title, after their opponents - An-Sophie Mestach and Silvia Njirić withdrew before the final match.
Stéphane Houdet and Stefan Olsson were the defending champions, but lost in the first round to eventual champions Maikel Scheffers and Ronald Vink. Maikel Scheffers and Ronald Vink won this event, after won 6–0, 6–0, against Nicolas Peifer and Jon Rydberg in the final.
Korie Homan and Esther Vergeer were the defending champions, only Vergeer competed in the event. Esther Vergeer and Sharon Walraven won this tournament, after they won in the final 6–3, 6–3, against Daniela Di Toro and Aniek van Koot.
Peter Norfolk is the defending champion, but he lost in the final 6–0, 2–6, 6–3, against David Wagner. Draw. Round Robin. "Standings are determined by:"
Bob Bryan and Mike Bryan were the defending champions, but lost in the semifinals against Lukáš Dlouhý and Leander Paes. Lukáš Dlouhý and Leander Paes won in the final 3–6, 6–3, 6–2 against Mahesh Bhupathi and Mark Knowles.
Commander is a naval rank. It may also be used as a general term for a leader. Numerous law enforcement agencies in the United States have personnel who are in charge of running their entire operations. Commander is a rank used in many navies and some air forces. It is rarely used as a rank in armies, except in special forces for a team leader.  Naval rank. The title (originally "Master and Commander") originated in the 18th century Royal Navy for naval officers who commanded ships of war too large to be commanded by a Lieutenant but too small to warrant the assignment of a Post-captain.  In practice, these were usually unrated sloops-of-war of no more than 20 guns. The Royal Navy shortened "Master and Commander" to "Commander" in 1794; however, the term "Master and Commander" remained in common use for many years. A corresponding rank in some navies is frigate captain. In the 20th and 21st centuries, the rank has been assigned the NATO rank code of OF-4. A Commander in the Royal Navy is above the rank of Lieutenant-Commander, below the rank of Captain. It is equivalent in rank to a Lieutenant Colonel in the British Army and Wing Commander in the Royal Air Force. A Commander may command a frigate, destroyer, submarine, aviation squadron or shore installation, or may serve on a staff.
The Federalist Papers were a series of essays about the United States Constitution. In total, there were 85 articles, 77 of them appeared in newspapers between October 1787 and August 1788. Many talked about how the Constitution would solve America's political problems. Most of them were published in newspapers in New York and Virginia, states where it was not clear whether or not the Constitution would pass (it did). Most were written by Alexander Hamilton or James Madison, though a few were written by John Jay. One of the most famous of the Papers is Federalist No. 10. It was written by Madison and says that the Constitution would keep the United States from being run by small groups called "factions". The collection of all papers was also published as a book. The papers were published using a false name, "Publius". This name was used in reference to Publius Valerius Publicola, a Roman Consul and one of the aristocrats who overthrew the Roman Kingdom in the 5th century BC. The papers are often thought of as one of the most important works of American political thought. Sometimes they are used by Supreme Court justices to try to say what the founders were thinking.
is a prefecture in the Tōhoku region of Japan on the island of Honshu. The capital city is Akita. Akita prefecture is famous for rice and sake. History. The area of Akita was created from Dewa Province and Mutsu Province. Historic places. The site of castle of the Kubota Castle built by Satake, a daimyo from Hitachi. Landscape gardener, Abira Nagaoka, designed the park in 1896. The name "Akita" became established in Tenpyou era. Geography. Akita Prefecture faces the Sea of Japan. It is bordered by Aomori Prefecture in the north, Iwate Prefecture in the east, Miyagi Prefecture in the southeast, and Yamagata Prefecture in the south. Mt. Chokai is the second hightest mountain in the Tohoku Region. Shirakami-Sanchi is a large mountain range along the border between Akita and Aomori prefectures. Cities. There are 13 cities in Akita Prefecture: National Parks. National Parks cover about 11% of the total land area of the prefecture. including Shrines and Temples. "Ōmonoimi jinja" and "Tsutsukowake jinja" are the chief Shinto shrines ("ichinomiya") in the prefecture.
The Korean Demilitarized Zone (often shortened to DMZ) is a piece of land in Korea that is as a buffer zone between North and South Korea. The DMZ cuts the Korean Peninsula almost in half, crossing the 38th parallel. The west end of the DMZ is south of the parallel and the east end is to the north of it. It is long, and about wide and is the most highly militarized border in the world. The border between both Koreas in the Yellow Sea and its coastline is known as the Northern Limit Line. Both sides of the Northern Limit Line are also very guarded. History. The 38th parallel north cuts the Korean peninsula roughly in half. The parallel was the original boundary between the US-occupied and Soviet-occupied areas of Korea at the end of World War II. When the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK, informally North Korea) and the Republic of Korea (ROK, informally South Korea) were created in 1948, this line became a de facto international border between the two countries. It was also one of the most tense fronts in the Cold War. Both the North and the South remained heavily dependent on their sponsor states from 1948 to the outbreak of the Korean War. The conflict claimed over three million lives and divided Korea along ideological lines. On June 25, 1950, a Soviet-sponsored DPRK invasion crossed the 38th parallel. The conflict ended three years later. International troops had been deployed and pushed the frontline back to near the 38th parallel. In the ceasefire of July 27, 1953, the DMZ was created. Each side agreed in the armistice to move their troops back from the front line, creating a buffer zone wide. The Military Demarcation Line (MDL) goes down the center of the DMZ and indicates exactly where the front was when the agreement was signed. In theory, this is a stalemate. Neither side won or lost. Because of this, both sides of the conflict are still enemies, and a large number of troops are still stationed along both sides of the line. The armistice agreement explains exactly how many military personnel
Captain Robert Falcon Scott CVO, RN (6 June 1868 – 29 March 1912) was an English Royal Navy officer and explorer who died on an expedition to the South Pole. He is widely known as "Scott of the Antarctic", the title of a 1948 movie. Scott led two expeditions to the Antarctic regions: the Discovery Expedition, 1901–04, and the ill-fated Terra Nova Expedition, 1910–13. Before his appointment to lead the Discovery Expedition, Scott had followed the conventional career of a naval officer in peacetime Victorian Britain, where opportunities for career advancement were keenly sought after by ambitious officers. It was the chance for personal distinction that led Scott to apply for command of the "Discovery". His name became associated with the Antarctic, his field of work for the final twelve years of his life. Terra Nova Expedition 1910–1913. During this second venture, Scott led a party of five which reached the South Pole on 17 January 1912, only to find that Roald Amundsen's Norwegian expedition had got there first. On the return journey, Scott and his four comrades died from exhaustion, starvation and extreme cold. The tragic fate of his expedition is still remembered throughout the world. Scott's leadership. After his death, Scott became a British hero. His reputation suffered from several books written later in the 20th century. Still later, Scott's record was reviewed more favourably. The main cause of the failure of the expedition is now said to be the exceptionally adverse weather at the end of the return from the pole. Scott took ponies, motorised sleds and ordinary sleds, which he and his men pulled. He thought that the number of animals overworked and killed should be held as low as possible and considered his rival Roald Amundsen's approach as cruel. Amundsen, on the other hand, killed dog after dog to feed himself, the men and the rest of the dogs. He did not feel bad about it. The ponies helped travelling part of the way to the pole, but some of them were so stubborn that the expedition members, especially Lawrence Oates, lost much energy that
Tellurium trioxide, also known as tellurium(VI) oxide is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is TeO3. It contains tellurium and oxide ions. It contains tellurium in its +6 oxidation state. Properties. Tellurium trioxide can come in two forms. There is a yellow-red form and a gray form. The yellow red form is more reactive. It is a powerful oxidizing agent. It reacts with strong bases to make tellurates. It releases oxygen to turn into tellurium dioxide when heated. Preparation. It is made by taking the water from telluric acid. The gray form can be made from this by reacting the yellow-red form with sulfuric acid and air.
Agnes Grey, A Novel is the first novel written by the English author Anne Brontë and first published in 1847. The novel is about a governess of that name and is said to be based on Anne Brontë's own experiences. Like her sister Charlotte's novel "Jane Eyre", it addresses the uncertainty of the position of a governess. Plot. Agnes Grey is the daughter of Mr. Grey, a minister who is not very rich, and Mrs. Grey, a woman who left her wealthy family and married out of love. Mr. Grey tries to make more money, but he end up losing money in an investment. That plunges the family into debt. Agnes, her sister Mary, and their mother all try to keep expenses low and bring in extra money, but Agnes is frustrated that everyone treats her like a child. To prove herself and to earn money for the family, she wants to be a governess. Eventually, she is offered a position, and gets her parents' permission. With some doubt about how it would be to be governess, she travels to to work for the Bloomfield family. The Bloomfields are rich and much crueller than Agnes had expected. Mrs. Bloomfield pampers her children while Mr. Bloomfield constantly finds fault with Agnes's work. The children misbehave a lot and Agnes is responsible for their behaviour even though she does not have power over them. Tom, the oldest Bloomfield child, even tortures small animals. In less than a year, Mrs. Bloomfield fires Agnes, thinks that her children are not learning quickly enough. Agnes then returns home. She then begs her mother to help her find a new position. Agnes advertises and is given a position in an even wealthier family – the Murrays. The two boys, John and Charles, are both sent to school soon after her arrival, but the girls Rosalie and Matilda remain in her care. Matilda is a tomboy and Rosalie is a flirt. Both girls are selfish and sometimes annoying, and although Agnes's position is slightly better than it was at the Bloomfield's, she is often
The Tenant of Wildfell Hall is the second and final novel by English author Anne Brontë, published in 1848 under the pseudonym Acton Bell. Story framed as a letter from Gilbert Markham to his friend and brother-in-law. He writes about events leading to his meeting his wife. It is a classic of English literature. Plot. Part One (Chapters 1 to 15) Gilbert Markham writes about a young widow, Mrs Graham, who arrives at the old mansion, named Wildfell Hall with her small son and a servant. Gilbert is at first interested in Eliza Millward, the vicar's younger daughter. He casually courts her, even though his mother does not like her.  Mrs Graham does not want to talk about her life with her new neighbours, so they decided that she did something wrong in her past. Gilbert then becomes close to her, and falls in love with her. Eliza then spreads rumours about when she realises Gilbert is interested in Mrs Graham. The rumor is that she is having an affair with her landlord, Frederick Lawrence (who is actually her brother). At a chance meeting on a road, Gilbert strikes Lawrence, who was on a horse, with a whip handle, causing him to fall from his horse. Though she is unaware of this attack, Helen Graham still refuses to marry Gilbert, but when he accuses her of loving Lawrence she gives him her diaries. Part Two (Chapters 16 to 44) In her diary, Helen writes about a man, Arthur Huntingdon, courting her. Huntingdon is witty and handsome. She falls in love with him. Despite her aunt warning her of his bad character, she still marries him and plans to reform him.  After Helen is married, she realises Huntingdon is an alcoholic and he spends some of his time away in London. He and his friends drink a lot of alcohol and behave themmselves badly. Before marrying Helen, Huntingdon flirts with Annabella Wilmot. After her marriage, Helen once encounters Huntingdon flirting with Annabella, who is married to Lord Lowborough.  After the birth of their son, also named Arthur, he is jealous of their son
Poems by Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell was a book of poetry published together by the three Brontë sisters, Charlotte, Emily and Anne in 1846. It is their first printed work.
Alex Riley (born 29 March 1968 in Sheffield, Yorkshire) is an English DJ, television personality and comedian. His DJ career began when he became a DJ on BBC Radio 7. Some of the shows he hosted are "The Comedy Club", "Sony Gold Award" and "Station Sound". He began his TV career performing with the city's Crucible Youth Theatre during which time he originated, and appeared in, dozens of sketches and devised pieces, as well as appearing in a number of plays and farces at the Library Theatre. Riley then had a succession of jobs including managing an alternative shopping centre, selling aerial photographs and answering an on-air appeal for researchers on BBC TV's Top Gear programme. He is best known for "Britain's Really Disgusting Food" first aired in 2008, with a second series in 2009 and an alternative but same universe series "Britain's Really Disgusting Drink". He also acted in "Chelsea Flower Show", "Britain in Bloom", "Bigamy", "Short Circuits", "Discovery Home and Leisure", "Boys Toys", the Caravan Show, "You Know You Want To" and "Classic Car Club" among other TV shows. He also has a career as a stand-up comedian.
Tellurite is an ion. Its chemical formula is TeO32-. They are some of the more stable tellurium compounds. They are weak oxidizing agents. In slightly acidic conditions, it makes hydrogen tellurite, HTeO3-. When it is very acidic, it makes tellurous acid. They are normally made by reacting tellurium dioxide with a metal oxide.  Tellurite is also a rare mineral. This mineral consists of tellurium dioxide. It is a yellow to white mineral. It is in areas that tend to oxidize minerals (oxidation zone). Otherwise telluride or native tellurium would be there.
is a Japanese city in Chiba Prefecture on the island of Honshu. It is the capital city of the prefecture. It is about southeast of the center of Tokyo near the Tokyo Bay. It has been recognized as a city designated by government ordinance since 1992. Weather. Chiba has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification "Cfa"). It is very hot i summer, and cool until mild winter. There is a lot of precipitation throughout the year, but there is less precipitation in winter. People. As of February 2016, Chiba had an estimated 972,861 people living there. It had a population density of 3,580 persons per km². The total area of Chiba is . There were 19,135 registered foreign residents in Chiba as of March 31, 2007. Foreigners are about 2% of the total number of people. It has the 14th most amount of people in Japan. Transportation. Airports. There is no commercial airport in Chiba. Narita International Airport and Tokyo International Airport (Haneda) are the closest major airports. Education. High schools. Chiba has 20 public high schools. They are controlled by the Chiba Prefectural Board of Education. Two public high schools are controlled by the Chiba City Board of Education. This includes Inage Senior High School. There are also nine private high schools. They include the Makuhari Junior and Senior High School. Elementary and middle schools. Chiba has 114 public elementary schools. It also has one private elementary school. There are 59 public middle schools. It also has one private middle school. Sister cities. Chiba is twinned with:
is a Japanese prefecture in the Kantō region on the island of Honshu. The capital city is Chiba City. Chiba is the sixth most populous prefecture, and 27th largest by land area. History. Chiba Prefecture is made from the old province of Awa, Kazusa and Shimōsa. Geography. Chiba borders Ibaraki Prefecture to the north at the Tone River, Tokyo and Saitama Prefecture to the west at the Edo River, the Pacific Ocean to the east and Tokyo Bay around its southern boundary. Most of Chiba lies on the hilly Bōsō Peninsula, a rice farming region: the east coast, known as the Ninety-Nine League Plain, is an especially productive area. The most populous zone, in the northwest of the prefecture, is part of the Kantō region that extends into the urban agglomeration of Tokyo and Saitama. The Kuroshio Current flows near Chiba, which keeps it relatively warm in winter and cooler in summer than neighbouring Tokyo. Cities. There are thirty-seven cities in Chiba Prefecture: ‡ Scheduled to be dissolved after mergers. Towns and villages. These are the towns and villages in each district: National Parks. National Parks are established in about 6% of the total land area of the prefecture. Economy. Chiba is one of Japan's biggest industrial areas. This is because it has a long coastline on Tokyo Bay. Chiba was chosen as the place for a major Kawasaki Steel factory in 1950. The prefectural government started a very big land reclamation program. They filled in the water areas to make big, new waterfront properties for factories, warehouses, and docks. Chemical production, petrochemical refining, and machine production are the three main industries in Chiba. They are 45% of Chiba's exports. In recent years, the government has given more than eighty industrial parks money. This is to bring development further inland. Chiba also has the second-highest farming output in Japan. Only Hokkaidō makes more farm products. Chiba makes more vegetables than Hokkaidō. Seaweed is harvested
Chiba means more than one thing. Chiba is also a common family name in Japan.