ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Self-censorship is the act of limiting and classifying one's own speech and expression. This affects the freedom of the press and the freedom of expression. It occurs at publishers,with people producing media or movies. There are many different reasons for self-censorship. The boundaries between self-censorship and censorship are often unclear. An investigative journalist may hold back a story, because he is unsure if it is true. He may also be forced to not publish it, because it would affect the people who currently run the state, or who have a big influence. The practice of self-censorship, like that of censorship itself, has a long history. Reasons. There are different reasons why people take part in self-censorship. These reasons can be broadly classified and include: Being part of a group. People may adjust their beliefs or opinions to go along with the majority attitude. There are different factors that contribute to self-censorship, such as gender, age, education, political interests, and media exposure. For some, the reason for their change in beliefs and opinions is rooted in fear of isolation and exclusion. For these people, the expression of their own beliefs is less important than the fear of negative reactions of others to the expression of those beliefs. Economic reasons. The editor of a periodical may consciously or unconsciously avoid topics that will anger advertisers, customers, or the owners in order to protect their livelihood either directly (i.e., fear of losing their job) or indirectly (e.g., a belief that a book will be more profitable if it does not contain offensive material). This phenomenon is sometimes called soft censorship. Taste and decency. Art or journalism involving images or footage of murder, terrorism, war and massacres may cause complaints as to the purpose to which they are put. Curators and editors will frequently censor these images to avoid charges. Concepts like political correctness and spiral of silence have been found to contribute to the existence of self-censorship. As preference falsification. Self-censorship is a form of preference falsification, but the concepts are not identical.  Self-censorship is a passive act. It amounts to the suppression of potentially objectionable beliefs, opinions, and preferences
The Mastaba of Ti is an important tomb, in Saqqara, on the outskirts of Cairo. It was built for Ti. Ti (also spelled Ty) was a senior official and royal architect in the Fifth Dynasty who served under several kings. He oversaw the sun temples of Neferirkare and Niuserre. His wife was Neferhetepes. Today, thre mastaba is mostly known for its reliefs, showing scenes form everyday life
The Marsh Arabs (Arabic: عرب الأهوار "ʻArab al-Ahwār"), also called the Ahwaris or Ma’dān, are the people who live in the Mesopotamian Marshes, as well as the Hawizeh Marshes. History. Origin theories. The origin of the Marsh Arabs is unclear, yet people have made theories about it. For example, an Iraqi scholar named Ali Al-Wardi claimed that they're descended from the Nabataeans of Iraq and others. 1950s-2003. In the '50s, the Mesopotamian Marshes were drained, which made the wetlands look like a desert. The Ahwaris' population decreased to around 20,000, thanks to Saddam's retaliations. Culture. Agriculture. The Marsh Arabs' agriculture is split into two groups. The first one raises water buffaloes, while the other group cultivates rice, wheat, and other grains. Mashoofs. The Marsh Arabs use a special type of canoe called a mashoof. It is used as a fishing vessel, water taxi, and transport for people and goods. Movies. The following movies are about the Ahwaris:
Vignale Monferrato is a "comune" in the Province of Alessandria in the Piedmont region in Italy.
San Damiano Macra is a "comune" in the Province of Cuneo in the Piedmont region in Italy.
Peyronie's Disease is a condition that causes scar tissue to form within the penis. It can make the penis bend or curve during an erection. This can cause pain. In some cases, it can cause difficulties with sexual intercourse. The exact cause of Peyronie's Disease is not fully understood. It is believed to be associated with injury to the penis that does not heal properly.
Milton is a village in West Dunbartonshire, Scotland. It is one mile from Dumbarton. The North Clyde Line goes through the village. However, the village does not have a station. Jackie Stewart, a former racing driver, was born in Milton.
Rickmansworth is a city in Herefordshire. It is about northwest of Central London. It is southwest of Watford. The Metropolitan Line of the London Underground connects it with central London. It is generally not considered part of Greater London. In 2011, about 24,000 people lived in Rickmansworth. The city grew a lot in the 1920s and 1930s. This growth was also due to the good connections the Metropolitan Line provided. This led to urbanization. Today it is mostly a commuter town.
The Siege of Jinji (September 1690–January 1698) began when Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb sent Zulfiqar Ali Khan to capture the Maratha-held Jinji Fort after they killed 300 Mughal troops in the Carnatic. Ghazi ud-Din Khan was tasked with securing supply routes and reinforcing Zulfiqar Ali Khan. Rani Mangammal of the Madurai Nayak dynasty also assisted in the siege, which became the longest in Mughal history, lasting eight years.It was fought in four phases in first three phase Marathas were able to defend the fort defeating the Mughals but in 4th and final Phase the fort fell. Background. Jinji Fort, under Bijapur's control since 1649, was captured and renovated by Maratha king Shivaji in 1677, who enhanced its defenses with new ramparts, ditches, towers, and basins. It later served as the second capital for Chhatrapati Rajaram to relieve pressure from the Mughal Empire. In response to Maratha victories, Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb sent Zulfiqar Ali Khan to besiege the fort. However, its massive size (7 km²), 30 ft high and 66 ft thick walls, 80 ft wide moat, and strategic location made it a formidable stronghold. The Siege. First Phase (1690-1691). The siege of Jinji (1690-1691) was a prolonged conflict between the Mughal forces, led by Zulfiqar Khan, and the Marathas under Rajaram. The Mughals initially faced difficulties due to the fort’s strong defenses and a lack of supplies, prompting them to request help from the English and French. Despite reinforcements, internal tensions, logistical problems, and heavy rains hindered Mughal progress. By November 1690, several Mughal commanders defected to the Marathas, strengthening Rajaram’s defense. Shahaji of Tanjore also provided financial support, enabling the Marathas to continue resisting. In 1691, internal discord among Mughal leaders, particularly between
Nickelodeon is a kids' TV channel in India. It started on October 16, 1999, and has its headquarters in Mumbai. It is similar to the American Nickelodeon but shows different programs to suit Indian audiences. History. Nick India is the most viewed kids' channel in India since October 2020. First of all, it started using Hindi in 2004, and within a few years, it added Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, etc. In 2010, Nick India got a new look and logo similar to that of Nickelodeon in the US.The channel launched Nick Jr. for younger kids in 2012, running a TeenNick block in the evening up until 2017.  Nick India held its first Kids Choice Awards in 2013. In 2015, it launched Nickelodeon HD+. The channel kept adding new shows and language tracks, like Marathi, Bengali, Gujarati, and Malayalam in 2019. Programming. In the first years, Nickelodeon India mostly showed American cartoons like Rugrats, SpongeBob SquarePants, Hey Arnold!, The Fairly OddParents, and Danny Phantom. They also did broadcast live-action shows such as Kenan &amp; Kel, Drake &amp; Josh, and Legends of the Hidden Temple. Nick India created two local game shows called Dum Dama Dum and Gilli Gilli Gappa. and "Gilli Gilli Gappa".  In 2011, Nick India began creating its own local animated series. First was Keymon Ache.  Sister channels. Nickelodeon HD+. Nickelodeon HD+ started on 5 December 2015. Only original U.S. Nickelodeon shows are on this channel. Nick Jr.. Viacom18 launched the channel on 21 November 2012. But on 1 February 2017, TeenNick stopped airing, and Nick Jr. became a 24-hour channel. Nickelodeon Sonic. Nickelodeon Sonic was launched on 20 December 2011 and targeted teens and action shows.
Kavi Kalash was initially a poet later became a close friend of Sambhaji I . He was killed along with Sambahji in 1689. Early Life. Kalash Dev, a Kanyakubja Brahmin from Unnao, was a skilled administrator, warrior, and poet. He defeated Shahabuddin Khan near Raigad in 1684 and played a crucial role in the Agra escape plan. Sambhaji Maharaj honored him with the title Chandogamatya (Pinnacle of Poets). Death. In March 1689, Kavi Kalash was captured alongside King Sambhaji by the Mughal army under Aurangzeb in Sangameshwar. While Aurangzeb prayed in thanks for his victory, Kalash composed a defiant poem, comparing Sambhaji’s capture to Hanuman’s restraint in Ravan’s court and mocking Aurangzeb’s loss of power. Enraged, Aurangzeb ordered Kalash’s tongue to be cut out. Both were then paraded and allegedly killed in a gruesome manner using tiger claws.
The lowland rocket frog ("Ectopoglossus lacrimosus") is a frog. It lives in Colombia. Home. This frog lives in forests in low places and on hills. Scientists saw the frog between 100 and 640 meters above sea level. One of the places this frog lives is a protected park: Parque Nacional Natural Farallones de Cali. Young. Scientists think the tadpoles swim in streams. Danger. Scientists say this frog is in some danger of dying out. Humans cut down the forests to make farms, to get wood to build with, and to make places for people to live. Some of the farms are against the law. Bad chemicals from farms, can also kill this frog
Banco Itaú Unibanco S.A. is a Brazilian financial services company headquartered in São Paulo, Brazil.  Itaú Unibanco was formed through the merger of Banco Itaú and Unibanco in 2008. It is the largest banking institution in Brazil, as well as the largest in Latin America, and the seventy-third largest bank in the world. The bank is listed on the B3 in São Paulo and in NYSE in New York.
HSBC Bank USA, an American subsidiary of the British banking group HSBC, is a bank with its operational head office in New York City and its nominal head office in Tysons, Virginia (as designated on its charter). The company has 22 branch locations. History. In 1980, The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation acquired a 51% controlling interest in Marine Midland Bank, headquartered in Buffalo, New York. HSBC acquired the remaining interest in 1987. The banks continued to operate under the Marine Midland name until 1998, when the offices were re-branded as HSBC Bank. In 1994, Marine Midland acquired Spectrum Home Mortgage, which operated in eight states. In 1995, Marine Midland acquired United Northern Federal Savings Bank, with branches in Watertown and Lowville, New York. Marine Midland also acquired The HSBC's 6 New York City retail branches, and the next year Hang Seng Bank's two branches in New York City.
The sacking of Burhanpur (31 January - 2 February 1681) occurred when Maratha ruler Sambhaji, along with Sersenapati Hambirrao Mohite, led an attack on the wealthy city of Burhanpur in Madhya Pradesh. The Maratha forces plundered the city for three days, gaining a large loot before evading Mughal forces and returning to Raigad. Following this, they also sacked Aurangabad. This event prompted Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb to shift his focus to the Deccan, leading to the eventual capture and execution of Sambhaji. The Sack. In 1680, Prince Mu'azzam (Shah Alam), the eldest son of Emperor Aurangzeb, was recalled from his post as Viceroy of the Deccan to assist his father in the campaign against the Rajputs. To replace him, Kha-i-Jahan (Bahadur Shah) was appointed Subahdar of the Deccan for the second time, arriving in May 1680. In July, he laid siege to Ahivant, a fort controlled by the Marathas, but his attempt to capture it failed as the Marathas mounted a strong defense. In August 1680, the Marathas dealt a significant blow to the Mughals by seizing twenty-five guns near Sholapur that were being transported under Khan-i-Jahan’s orders. These guns were captured, and as a result, the officers in charge of the transport—Ali Aqa Rumi, Jagat Singh Hada, and Raja Jaswant Singh Bundela—lost their mansabs and were ordered to compensate for the loss. Meanwhile, Shambhu (Shivaji's son, Sambhaji) sent a defiant message to Khan-i-Jahan, declaring he would fight the Mughals in open battle after the monsoon. According to Khafi Khan, at the time, the Subahdar of Burhanpur was Khan-i-Jahan Bahadur, but his deputy, Kakkar Khan, was away collecting the jizya tax. Taking advantage of the absence of a Mugh
Clydebank is a town in West Dunbartonshire, Scotland. It is on the northern bank of the River Clyde. About 25,000 people live there.
Babur who wanted to recapture his ansectory land Samarqand attacked sultan Shaibani in 1501-6 and retreated to Kabul. In 1507 he again attempted t to capture Samarkand but failed. He got the news of defeat and death of Shaibani in the Hands-of Ismail I of Iran. He formed an alliance with Ismail and successfully captured Tashkent, Qunduz, Hisar, Samarqand, Bukhara, Farghana, Kabul and Ghazni... His victory was short lived as Ubaid-Ulahb Khan defeated him and recovered almost all land.  He gave up the idea of capturing Samarqand and then invaded India establishing the Mughal Empire. Battle. Babur, the ruler of Farghana, dreamed of ruling from his ancestor Timur's throne in Samarqand. In 1494, his uncle died, and Babur saw a chance to take Samarqand. He succeeded in 1497 but lost the city after only 100 days when he fell ill, and a rebellion broke out in Farghana. Babur tried to regain control but failed and was left with almost nothing. For years, he wandered with only a few hundred followers. He briefly regained Farghana in 1498 but lost it again in 1500. In 1501, Babur took Samarqand from the Uzbek ruler Shaibani Khan, but Shaibani Khan defeated him in 1502, forcing Babur to leave again. Babur had to give his sister in marriage to Shaibani Khan to buy his freedom. For the next three years, he lived as a fugitive, often begging for food and traveling in tough conditions. Despite all his hardships, Babur stayed hopeful and never lost his cheerful spirit. Babur settled in Afghanistan but still wanted to reclaim Samarquand, his ancestral homeland. In 1507, he visited his cousins in Herat, hoping for help to defeat his enemy, Shaibani Khan, but returned disappointed. In 1510, Babur learned that Shaibani Khan had been killed in battle by Shah Ismail of Iran. Bab
"I'll Get You" is a 1963 song by the Beatles and written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney. It was released as the B-side to the 1963 single "She Loves You".
Monte Urano is a "comune" in the Province of Fermo in the Marche region in Italy.
Écuelle is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Haute-Saône department in east France.
Éhuns is a commune. It is in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in the Haute-Saône department in east France.
After Ubaid Khan, the Uzbek leader, defeated the Timurid ruler Babur near Samarkand at Kul-i-Malik, Shah Ismail of Persia sent General Najm-i Thani to help Babur. However, at Ghujduwan, the Timurid and Persian forces were badly beaten. After this defeat, Babur decided to focus on his plans to conquer India, starting on November 12, 1512.
Central European studies is a subfield of European studies, focusing on the languages, cultures, histories, economies, societies, politics, international relations, and other aspects of the region of Central Europe.  Its subfields include Austrian studies (German studies), Czech studies, Slovak studies, Polish studies, Hungarian studies, Slovenian studies, Croatian studies, among others. Education programs. Some academic institutions offer degrees, majors, minors, certificates, specializations, or other forms of educational qualifications to students.
European studies is a field of study that focuses on the history of Europe and European integration. These programmes usually include a combination of political science, EU public policy, European history, European law, economics and sociology. Others include topics like European culture, European literature and European languages.
John Ruuka (born 13 August 1995) is an I-Kiribati sprinter. Ruuka competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics.
The alb is a simple, white robe worn by clergy in Christian services. It is a long piece of clothing that covers the body from the neck to the feet. The alb is usually tied at the waist with a rope belt called a cincture. Use. The alb is worn under other vestments, like the chasuble or dalmatic. Bishops, priests and deacons wear it during Mass and other religious services. The alb is always white. The alb is made from white fabric, often linen or cotton. History. The alb began as a long white tunic. In the 6th century, it became a clergy vestment. In the 10th century, people added embroidery to the hem and cuffs. In the 16th century, lace covered much of the alb. In the 20th century, the simple white alb returned after the Second Vatican Council.
The Mughal–Uzbek Wars is a series of Millitary engagements between the Timurid Empire, Later Mughals supported by Safavid Empire till 1512 and the Khanate of Bukhara. It Began in 1497 with Babur desire to conquer his ansectoral land of Samarkandin which he was somewhat successful but the suffered heavy reverses first by Sultan Shaibani of Khanate of Bukhara and then by Sultan Ubaid-Ulahb Khan of Khanate of Bukhara even tho getting support from Safavid Empire both were unsuccessful in crushing Khanate of Bukhara. In 1588 Sultan Abdullah Khan II attacked the Mughal territory of Herat and captured it. Akbar himself laid his army at Kabul to face Abdullah Khan after a Siege of a year Akbar and Abdullah Khan signed a Peace treaty according to which Herat was secured to Mughals tho Balkh remaind with Uzbeks. In 1646 Shah Jahan launched a campaign to Central Asia with his son Aurangzeb and commanders like Jai Singh and Murad Baksh to recapture territories lost during the reign of Akbar. He successfully defeated the Uzbeks and annexed Balkh and Badakhasthaninto Mughal Land for a brief period of time. It was only recaptured by Uzbeks after the end of their war with Mughals in 1648 during the Mughal–Safavid wars during the reign of Shah Jahan were Uzbeks supported Safavid Empire. Under Babur (1497-1512). Babur, the ruler of Farghana, had long dreamed of ruling from the throne of his ancestor Timur in Samarqand. When his uncle died in 1494, Babur seized the opportunity to take the city in 1497. However, after just 100 days, he was forced to abandon it due to illness and a rebellion in Farghana.Despite his attempts to regain control, Babur was left with almost nothing. For years, Babur wandered with only a few hundred followers, briefly regaining Farghana in 1498, only to lose it again in
Lataisi Mwea (born 26 July 2000) is an I-Kiribati sprinter. Mwea competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics.
Gabriel de Sousa das Dores (born March 5, 2004), better known as Byel, is a Brazilian actor, YouTuber, filmmaker, and entrepreneur known for producing content for the YouTube video platform. He has 1.5 million followers on Instagram. Early life and career. Byel was born on March 5, 2004, in São Bernardo do Campo. He started to become nationally known after he began to publish videos on YouTube, and soon his Instagram began to gain notoriety, leading many celebrities to follow his day-to-day life.
BMW 5 Series is a car produced by BMW since 1972. It is currently in its eighth generation. The 5 Series has an M version in the form of the M5. The 5 Series has come in multiple body styles and engine types. The 5 Series has been sold as saloon and estate.
Ali Hadi Mohammed Al-Bulaihi ( born 21 November 1989) is Saudi football player who plays centre-back Al Hilal for Saudi Professional League and Saudi Arabia national team. Club Career. Al-Bulaihi started first his career at Al-Amal were in he spent three years before joining Al-Nahda in 2014. On 23 July 2015, he joined Al-Fateh and Signed it. On 21 June 2017 He joined Al Hilal SFC and Signed it in Fee transfer. In 9 April 2024, Cristiano Ronaldo hit Al-Bulaihi by elbowing and given a red card to Cristiano Ronaldo during Al-Nassr vs Al Hilal Matches In Saudi Super Cup International Career. In June 2018 He called in Saudi Arabia Squad for 2018 World Cup Russia. He made in debut against uruguay, In November 2022 He called in Saudi Arabia Squad for 2022 World Cup Qatar, Al-Bulaihi scored a goal against Argentina and won 2-1, Al-Bulaihi slapped argentine footballers Lionel Messi back during Saudi Arabia vs Argentina matches. In January 2024 Al-Bulaihi shoving and grabbing korean footballers Called Son Heung-min Hair during Saudi Arabia vs South Korea Matches in Round of 16 2023 AFC Asian Cup "Statistics accurate as of match played in 5 September 2024."
The BMW XM is a SUV produced by BMW since 2022.  For November 2024, the car is produced at the Spartanburg plant in Greer, South Carolina, USA.  The XM is available with 6 or 8-cylinder petrol engines.
The Battle of Odžak, was the last battle of the European theatre of World War II, it was fought from April 19 - May 25 1945. The battle ended 17 days after the official end of the war in Europe. The participants were the NDH, (the armed forces of Croatia) and the Yugoslav People's Army (the armed forces of Yugoslavia) the battle took place in the Bosnian town of Odžak and the battle was a victory for the Yugoslav partisans. This marked the end of fighting in Europe and the collapse of the Independent State of Croatia.
Stellantis N.V. is a car manufacturing company formed from the merger in 2021 of the Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCA) and the PSA Group. Stellantis designs, manufactures and sells cars of 14 brands: Opel, Peugeot, Citroën, Alfa Romeo, Jeep, Dodge, Fiat, Chrysler, Maserati, Lancia, Vauxhall, DS, Ram Trucks and Abarth.
Agricola Borcea is a Romanian football team from Borcea, Călărași County, which plays in Liga III since 2017. The club was founded in 1980 and also plays in the Romanian Cup after they beated CSM Slatina on penalties. History. Agricola Borcea was founded in 1980.
Veronica Maya (born Veronica Maya Russo in Paris, 14 July 1977) is an Italian actress. She performs mostly on television. She acted also in movies.
Andrea Piribauer is an Austrian para-alpine skier. She skied for Austria at the 1992 Winter Paralympics and won a bronze medal. She was in the Women's Giant Slalom B1-3 event. She was fourth place.
Ethan Chidiebere Nwaneri (born 21 March 2007) is an English professional footballer. He plays as an attacking midfielder for Premier League club Arsenal. Club career. Nwaneri was born in London and joined Arsenal as an eight years old. He played his first Premier League match on 18 September 2022, against Brentford, at the age of 15 years and 181 days. This made him the youngest ever Arsenal player, and the youngest person to play in the Premier League, breaking Harvey Elliott's record.