ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
A brig is a sailing ship with two square-rigged masts. During the Age of Sail, brigs were seen as fast and maneuverable. They were used as both naval warships and merchant vessels. Even after the sailing age ended they were used as training ships. The brig was one of the smaller two-masted sailing ships. They were popular in the 18th and early 19th centuries. Brigs fell out of use with the arrival of the steam ship because they required a relatively large crew for their small size. They were also difficult to sail into the wind. They are not to be confused with a brigantine, which has different rigging (a brigantine has a gaff-rigged mainsail, while a brig has a square mainsail with an additional gaff-rigged spanker behind the mainsail). A brig is different from a three-masted ship because it only has two masts. Rigging. In sailing, a full-rigged brig is a vessel with two square rigged masts (called the fore and main). The main mast of a brig is the aft (rear) one. To improve maneuverability, the mainmast carries a small (gaff rigged) fore-and-aft sail. Brig sails are named after the masts to which they are attached. Those attached to the main mast are called the mainsail; above that the main topsail and above that the main topgallant sail. Occasionally a very small sail, called the royal, is above that. Behind the mainsail there is a small fore-and-aft sail called the spanker or boom mainsail (it is similar to the main sail of a schooner). On the foremast is a similar sail, called the trysail. Attached to the respective yards of square-rigged ships are smaller spars. These can be extended, which lengthens the yard. This allows it to receive an additional sailing wing on each side. These are called studding sails. They are used with fair and light wind only. The wings are named after the sails to which they are fastened. For example, the main studding sails, main top studding sails
The 1956 Grand Canyon was a mid-air collision that happened on Saturday, 30 June 1956 at 11:31 am Mountain Standard Time. A United Airlines plane running as United Airlines Flight 718 hit another airplane owned by Trans World Airlines "(TWA)", operating as Trans World Airlines Flight 2. The aircraft involved was a Douglas DC-7 and a Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation. The crash happened over the Grand Canyon within the boundaries of Grand Canyon National Park. All 128 passengers and crew on board both flights died in the collision. The crash was the first commercial airline crash with over 100 deaths, and led to many changes in flight safety in the United States. The crash site today is considered as a National Historic Landmark. Aircraft. A total of two airplanes were involved in the collision. These planes were: United Airlines Flight 718 - nicknamed "Mainliner Vancouver", the aircraft was a Douglas DC-7. The airplane had an aircraft registration of . The aircraft carried a total of 58 people "(53 passengers and 5 crew members)". The aircraft was flying under the orders of pilot Robert F. Shirley, co-pilot Robert W. Harms,and flight engineer Gerard Fiore. Trans World Airlines Flight 2 - nicknamed "Star of the Seine", the aircraft was a Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation. The aircraft had an aircraft registration of . The aircraft carried 70 people "(64 passengers and 6 crew members)". The aircraft was flying under the orders of pilot Jack S. Gandy, co-pilot James H. Ritner, and flight engineer Forrest D. Breyfogle. Accident. At about 11:31 AM MST, the track of both airplanes intersected over the canyon, and they hit each other. other websites. A photograph of the TWA funeral by Life Magazine in 1956
Glyfada is a district in southern Athens and a famous coastal resort. The area developed as a tourist destination through the 1970s and 1980s and has a large number of hotels, shops, restaurants and clubs. It is situated close to the old international airport.
A cutter is typically a small, but in some cases a medium-sized, watercraft designed for speed rather than for capacity. Traditionally a cutter is a smaller sailing ship with a single mast. It is fore-and-aft rigged, with two or more headsails and often has a bowsprit. The cutter's mast may be set farther back than on a sloop. In modern usage, a cutter can be either a small- or medium-sized ship whose occupants exercise official authority. Examples are harbor pilots' cutters and cutters of the U.S. Coast Guard or UK Border Force. Cutters can also be a small boat serving a larger one to ferry passengers or light cargo between larger ships and the shore. This type of cutter may be powered by oars, sails or a motor.
Plastic wrap (also cling wrap, food wrap, or clingfilm) is a thin plastic material. It is used for sealing food in containers. It keeps food fresh over a long period of time without spoiling. It is usually sold on rolls in boxes with a cutting edge. Plastic wrap was first made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC). A common, cheaper alternative to PVC is low-density polyethylene (LDPE). LDPE doesn't stick to itself as well as PVC. In the United States and Japan, Plastic wrap has sometimes been made of polyvinylidene chloride (PVdC). PVdC was the main ingredient in Saran Wrap, a popular brand of plastic wrap. Now, Saran Wrap is made with polyethylene. Research shows that plastic wrapping of food is often not wasteful, because the food lasts longer. A study showed that only 3% of wrapped food was wasted in the UK, but up to 50% of food was wasted in an African country, where it was sold unwrapped.
Bad Moms is a 2016 American comedy movie. It was released in July 2016. Plot. Amy Mitchell is a married woman with two children, Dylan and Jane. Amy feels overworked and over-committed. She works as a sales representative for a "hip" coffee company. She is active in her school's Parent-Teacher Association or PTA. The PTA is run by Gwendolyn James (Christina Applegate), Stacy (Jada Pinkett Smith) and Vicky. Reception. "Bad Moms" took in over $179 million at the box office. The movie's reviews were mixed. It scored a 60 on Metacritic's reviews. Rotten Tomatoes gave the movie a 60% rating.
Carshalton railway station is a railway station at Carshalton in the London Borough of Sutton in South London. It is located between Sutton and Hackbridge. The station opened on 1st October 1868. The two main trains that run in this station is Southern and Thameslink. This station is in fare zone 5. Platforms. There are two station in this station. Platform 1 is for trains towards Central London and Bedfordshire. This includes trains towards Victoria station, St Albans and Luton. Platform 2 is for southbound trains. This includes trains to Sutton (Surrey) and Epsom. Frequency. This list shows the frequency of trains on typical off-peak hours. Buses. London buses routes 127, 157 and S3 operate at this station. Departures. This table shows the departures from this station with the calling points and the time that is taken to get to the end of the line.
Beah Richards (July 12, 1920 – September 14, 2000) was an American actress. She performed on stage, in movies and on television. During her career, she received two Primetime Emmy Awards for her performances on television. Richards made many guest television appearances in shows, like "The Bill Cosby Show", "Designing Women" and "ER". Richards was born in Vicksburg, Mississippi. Emphysema took her life in September 2000. She was age 80.
ER is an American medical drama television series that aired on NBC from September 19, 1994 to April 2, 2009. Novelist Michael Crichton was the creator of the show. Overview. The show is about the fictional County General Hospital in Chicago. It showed stories from the emergency room.  "ER" won 23 Primetime Emmy Awards. It won 116 awards overall, including the Peabody Award. The show was nominated for 124 Emmys.
A jib is a triangular sail that sets ahead of the foremast of a sailing vessel. Its tack (lower leading edge) is attached to the bowsprit, to the bow, or to the deck between the bowsprit and the foremost mast. Jibs and spinnakers are the two main types of headsails on a modern boat. Traditional vessels. Schooners typically have up to three jibs. The foremost one sets on the topmast forestay and is generally called the "jib topsail". A second jib on the main forestay is called "the jib". The innermost jib is called "the staysail". Actually, all three sails are both jibs and staysails, in a general sense. A large square-rigged ship typically has four jibs, but could have as many as six.  From forward (fore) to the back of the boat (aft), these sails are called: The first two were rarely used except by clipper ships in light winds. A storm jib was a small jib of heavy canvas set to a stay to help to control the ship in bad weather. Modern vessels. Boats may be sailed using a jib alone. More commonly jib(s) make a minor direct contribution to moving the boat, compared to a mainsail. Generally, a jib's most important function is as an airfoil, increasing performance and overall stability of the mainsail. On boats with only one jib, it is common for the clew of the jib to be further aft than the mast, meaning the jib and mainsail overlap. An overlapping jib is called a "genoa jib" or simply a genoa (see illustration). These are efficiently used when reaching more broadly than a close reach. Alternatively, a boat may carry smaller jibs, to compensate aerodynamics when the mainsail is reefed; these more rugged sails are called "storm jibs" or "spitfires". On a boat with two staysails the inner sail is called the "staysail", and the outer (foremost) is called the jib. This combination of two staysails is called a "cutter rig
LaMia Airlines Flight 2933 was a flight operated by LaMia that crashed near the city of Medellín in Colombia. The airplane was carrying players from the Chapecoense football team. The airplane had an aircraft registration of . The airplane crashed on 28 November 2016, at around 22:00 local time. The crash killed 71 people. Seven people originally survived the crash. However, one of the survivors, a goalkeeper known as Danilo, died a few hours after the plane crashed. The three Chapecoense players that survived were Alan Ruschel, Jakson Follmann, and Neto. It crashed on November 28, 2016 at approximately 21:58 (UTC-5: 00). Among the passengers were players from the Brazilian soccer team Chapecoense, who were on their way to play the 2016 Copa Sudamericana final against Atlético Nacional. Six people survived the accident. The Colombian Civil Aeronautics Special Administrative Unit investigated the accident with the support of the British Air Accidents Investigation Branch. The preliminary Colombian report indicated that the plane was traveling overweight and with fuel at the limit, and that the pilots mistakenly decided not to make stopovers to refuel at the Alfredo Vásquez Cobo de Leticia or El Dorado of Bogotá airports. In addition, they did not inform air control of the fuel shortage until the last moment. They did not comply with the flight plan, which should not have been approved by the airport authorities. The final report of Aeronáutica Civil de Colombia, released on April 27, 2018, highlights that the LaMia company "did not comply with the minimum quantity of fuel requirements demanded in international standards, since it did not take into account the fuel required for fly to an alternate airport, the contingency airport, the reserve airport, or the minimum landing fuel" Aircraft. The aircraft was an Avro RJ85, registration CP-2933, which made its first flight on March 26, 1999. After being in service with other airlines and going through a storage period between 2010 and 2013, it
Hurricane Otto was a strong tropical cyclone in November 2016. The storm was the southernmost hurricane on record to hit Central America. It was also the first Atlantic storm to survive the crossover into the Pacific Ocean since Hurricane Cesar-Douglas in 1996. Otto started late on November 21 in the southwest Caribbean Sea. Costa Rica, southern Nicaragua and Panama had heavy damage from the storm. At least 23 people died because of Hurricane Otto.
The NES Classic Edition (also known as NES Mini) is a smaller version of the Nintendo Entertainment System with 30 games pre-installed. It is also known as the Famicom Mini in Japan. It was released in North America and Europe on November 11, 2016, in Japan and Australia on November 10, 2016, and November 23, 2016 in Russia. The console comes with one controller. The cable of the controller is 0.7 meter long. The Super NES Classic Edition, released in 2017, is the successor to the NES Classic Edition. Hardware. The console features a 720p HDMI display output and controllers that are similar to the original NES controller. The console also includes an emulation engine developed by Nintendo European Research and Development. Games. The NES Mini comes with 30 games. Each game can be saved. There are 4 save states for each game. All versions of the console (no matter what region) include the following games: The North American, European, and Australian versions have the following exclusive games: The Japanese "Famicom" version has the following exclusive games: Reception. Some people think that the cables of the controllers of the NES Mini are too short. Sales. The NES and SNES Classic editions sold more than 10 million units by September 30, 2018.
Morton Sobell (born April 11, 1917 in New York City, died December 26, 2018) was an American engineer with General Electric and Reeves Electronics. He worked on military and government contracts. He was found guilty of spying for the Soviets as a part of a ring that included Julius Rosenberg and others. Sobell was tried and convicted of espionage in 1951 and sentenced to 30 years in prison. He was released in 1969 after spending 17 years and 9 months in prison. In 2008, at the age of 91, he told "The New York Times" that he did turn over military secrets to the Soviets during World War II. This was the first time he publicly admitted guilt. Sobell died on December 26, 2018. He was 101 years old.
Sumner Murray Redstone (born Sumner Murray Rothstein; May 27, 1923 – August 11, 2020) was an American businessman and media magnate. He was the majority owner and chairman of the board of the National Amusements theater chain. Redstone and his family are majority owners of CBS Corporation and Viacom (itself the parent company of Viacom Media Networks, BET Networks, and the movie studio Paramount Pictures). According to "Forbes", as of September 2015, he was worth US$5 billion. Redstone was formerly the executive chairman of both CBS and Viacom. In February 2016, at the age of 92, a week after a court-ordered examination by a geriatric psychiatrist, Redstone resigned both chairmanships, replaced by Leslie Moonves at CBS and Philippe Dauman at Viacom. Redstone then became chairman emeritus. Redstone was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He studied at Harvard College and at Georgetown University. He was married to Phyllis Raphael from 1947 until they divorced in 1999. He then was married to Paula Fortunato from 2002 until they divorced in 2009. He had two children: Brent and Shari. Redstone died on August 11, 2020 at his mansion in Beverly Hills, California at the age of 97.
Sid Hartman (March 15, 1920 – October 18, 2020) was an American sports journalist for the Minneapolis "Star Tribune" and the WCCO 830 AM radio station. He was also a 20-year panelist on the weekly Sports Show with Mike Max, which aired Sunday nights at 9:30 p.m. on WUCW 23 in the Twin Cities metro area. Hartman died on October 18, 2020 in Minneapolis at the age of 100.
Jonas Mekas (December 24, 1922 – January 23, 2019) was a Lithuanian-American filmmaker, poet and artist. He was often called "the godfather of American avant-garde cinema." His work were exhibited in museums and festivals worldwide. His best known works were "Walden", "Reminiscences of a Journey to Lithuania" and "As I Was Moving Ahead Occasionally I Saw Brief Glimpses of Beauty". Mekas died on January 23, 2019 at his home in New York City at the age of 96.
Institut national universitaire Jean-François Champollion is a graduate engineering school in France. It is in a campus of the Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées. Its different curricula lead to the following French &amp; European degrees : Academic activities and industrial applied research are performed mainly in French and English languages. Students from a dozen of nationalities participate to the different curricula at Univ JFC. Research labs. Research activities at Univ JFC relate to the following topics:
Desmond John Morris (born 24 January 1928) is an English zoologist, educator, ethologist and surrealist painter. He is a popular author in human sociobiology. He was known for writing "The Naked Ape" (1967).  Morris was born in Purton, Wiltshire, England. He studied at Dauntsey's School in West Lavington, Wiltshire.
Carshalton Beeches railway station is a railway station in south Carshalton in the London Borough of Sutton in south London. It opened on the 1st October 1906. The train operator on this station is Southern (train operating company). This station is in fare zone 5. Platforms. There are two platforms on this station. Platform 1 is for northbound trains towards Victoria Station only. Platform 2 is for southbound trains towards, Sutton (Surrey), Epsom and Epsom Downs. Frequency. This list shows the frequency of trains on typical off-peak hours. Buses. London buses routes 154 operates at this station. Departures. This table shows the departures from this station with the calling points and the time that is taken to get to the end of the line.
Clarel: A Poem and Pilgrimage in the Holy Land is an epic poem by American writer and poet Herman Melville. The work was published in New York by G. P. Putnam &amp; Company in 1876. It was author's last big book. The poem is really huge. It is composed of four parts. It consists of 150 cantos and comprises almost 18, 000 lines. It is written in rhymed verse. All the poem is written in iambic tetrameter, only final section is written in iambic pentameter. In some places the poet uses alliteration. The poem tells about a young man, named Clarel, who went on a trip to the Holy Land. The journey became for him a pilgrimage. The main theme of the poem is the seeking for faith. The main hero had lost his faith during his studies and wanted it back. One of his companions, named Vine, is believed to be a portrait of Nathaniel Hawthorne. Hawthorne was Melville's friend and a writer, too. The poem ends with some words of hope for the hero. &lt;poem&gt; "Then keep thy heart, though yet but ill-resigned --" "Clarel, thy heart, the issues there but mind;" "That like the crocus budding through the snow --" "That like a swimmer rising from the deep --" "That like a burning secret which doth go" "Even from the bosom that would hoard and keep;" "Emerge thou mayst from the last whelming sea," "And prove that death but routs life into victory." &lt;/poem&gt; Melville's poem was not much appreciated in 19th century. In 20th century, however, it was called by Robert Penn Warren a precursor of "The Waste Land". In fact, T.S. Eliot's poem is about seeking for faith, too.
Mauisaurus ("Maui reptile") is a genus of plesiosaur that lived during the Upper Cretaceous about 80 to 69 million years ago. It was the largest plesiosaur, and perhaps the largest marine reptile in New Zealand waters at the time. "Mauisaurus haasti" is the only known species of the genus. A handful of specimens have been found, although only a few are well preserved and mostly complete.  With 68 cervical vertebrae, "Mauisaurus" had one of the longest necks of any plesiosaur. It was large, over in length. Like other plesiosaurs, it had a long slender body, with numerous vertebrae, allowing flexible movement. On its underside, "Mauisaurus" had two sets of large flippers. These aided in swimming at high speeds, but may have also allowed the plesiosaur to venture onto shorelines for short amounts of time. "Mauisaurus" was a carnivore, with sharp jagged teeth that would have been used to grip fish or squid.
In sailing the parts of a sail have certain terms that clearly describe them. There are two types of common mainsails. The Three Sided Mainsail and the Four sided Mainsail. Each of these Mainsail types have many different names according to exact location and relationship of supporting spars. Parts of a headsail. The headsail of a sailboat is any sail set forward of the mast (on a single masted boat) or foremast (the mast nearest the bow). The corresponding parts are the same relative to the front of the boat. (Note: The headsail tack is the name for the lower corner of the headsail -- the sail closest to the front of the boat.)
Pterygotus is an extinct eurypterid, related to arachnids and commonly called as the famous sea scorpions. It lived in the Silurian and Devonian periods. Fossils have been found in North America, South America, Europe and Australia. It is related to the larger eurypterid "Jaekelopterus," which also lived during the Silurian and Devonian. It is similar to the freshwater creature "Slimonia". "Pterygotus" could reach a body length of 16 meters long. It had a pair of large compound eyes. It also had another pair of smaller eyes in the center of its head. It had 4 pairs of walking legs. A fifth pair of legs were swimming paddles. It also had a pair of large pincers.
American Airlines Flight 96 was a flight operated by American Airlines. The flight was operated with a McDonnell Douglas DC-10. On 12 June 1972, the flight went into explosive decompression after a cargo door was blown out from the airplane. This incident occurred near the city of Windsor, Ontario, Canada. Because the incident occurred near the city, this incident is sometimes referred to as the Windsor Incident. The incident was caused because of the cargo door. The cargo door was blown out of the plane because the locks of the cargo door failed. When the locks failed, the cargo door blew out and caused rapid decompression in the cargo area of the airplane. This caused the collapse of part of the passenger section of the airplane, which in turn led to some problems with the controls of the plane. The rudder of the airplane was jammed to the right, and cable controls to the second engine were separated. Luckily, no hydraulics were broken. Despite having little control of the airplane, Captain Bryce McCormick was successful in landing the airplane at Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport. After the incident, McDonnell Douglas, the maker of the aircraft, made minor changes to the locks of the cargo door. These changes would prove to be not successful with the crash of Turkish Airlines Flight 981. The crash was caused by exactly the same reason as this incident.