ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Rugby boys (sometimes called solvent boys) is the name for gangs of street children in the Philippines. There are a well-known sign of poverty there. They can be found in many slums. They often use and are addicted to an adhesive "called Rugby", which gives them their name. They use this against hunger. Rugby is cheap, and easy to get. For this reason, many street children are addicted to it. Often, rugby boys will commit crimes such as robbery to get the money needed to get the adhesive. The formula for the adhesive has also been changed, ot make sniffing it less attractive. The problem is that sniffing solvents causes permanent damage to organs organs such as the liver, kidneys, brain, and heart. The phenomenon is not limited to boys, it also affects girls. Children usually begin sniffing because of peer pressure, they see other people doing it.
Murad II (, , 16 June 1404 – 3 February 1451) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1421 to 1444 and from 1446 to 1451. Murad II's reign was a period of important economic development. The amount of trade grew during his rule. Ottoman cities grew larger as well. In 1432, Bertrandon de la Broquière noted that Ottoman yearly revenue rose to 2,500,000 ducats. He said that if Murad II had used all of the resources of the Empire, he could easily have invaded Europe. Murad II defeated a large group of Crusader armies from different states of Europe at the Battle of Varna.
The British Rail Class 387 is a type of electric multiple unit passenger train. It was made for Great Western Railway. The train was built by Bombardier Transportation. A total of 107 units were made. The first train began being used in December 2014. The trains are currently used by Great Western Railway, Govia Thameslink Railway, and Heathrow Express. The Class 387 is a version of the Class 379 "Bombardier Electrostar."The Class 387 has dual-voltage capability. This lets the trains run on 750VDC third rail as well as use 25kVAC OLE. The class was the last rolling stock ordered by the Bombardier Electrostar family. As of 2023, 107 units were built.
Johannes Nicolaas “John” Leddy (13 January 1930 — 25 December 2022) was a Dutch television and movie actor. He was most known for his roles as Jan Engelmoer in the television series "De kleine waarheid" and as Koos Dobbelsteen in "Zeg 'ns Aaa". Leddy died on 25 December 2022 in the Jeroen Bosch Hospital at the age of 92.
Justin Gunnar Walter Chancellor (born 19 November 1970) is an English guitarist. He is best known for playing the bass guitar for Tool. Tool is an American progressive metal band. He has played the bass guitar for them since 1995. Before joining Tool, Chancellor played the bass guitar for a band named Peach. Peach played with Tool at concerts in England in the 1990s. Chancellor moved to the United States. When Paul D'Amour left Tool, Chancellor replaced him. The first Tool studio album he played music on was "Ænima" (1996).
Inhalant is the name for the type of chemicals that cause intoxication and a number of adverse effects when used. When a chemical or solvent is inhaled for abuse or fun it is a type of drug called an inhalant. Using drugs this way might be called "sniffing", "huffing" or "bagging" in some places. The "drugs," which are not made to be safe or used in this way, include household or industrial chemicals.  Effects can vary but usually include: euphoria, depression, hallucinations, fainting, spasms, nerve damage, organ damage, or death when used. While a person is high on inhalants, they are at risk of hurting themselves because of their altered state of mind. Because they are cheap and offer a potential high, and a from lack of other options such as illegal drugs, adolescents or adults may often use them recreationally. Many solvents contain substances. Usually, solvents that are used in the household are easy to get. In many cases, the effects come quickly but last only a few minutes and have to be used repeatedly to stay high.  When taking inhalants, fumes are inhaled at room temperature, or from compressed canisters of the chemical. These include glue, nail polish remover, paint thinner, jenkem, lighter fluid, or pressurized aerosol can fumes (like canned air horns). It does not include drugs that are sniffed after burning or heating such as tobacco, cannabis, or crack cocaine, even though these drugs are inhaled as smoke or vapor.  Products which are used as inhalants are often legal, but their sale to people under the age of 18 is restricted or banned, and sellers are expected to look for the signs of a product being purchased to be abused. In some countries, certain inhalants are banned. Even though inhalant drugs are often used outside of hospitals to get high, they still have legitimate applications in medical applications such as in a surgery room with different forms of nitrous (like NO). In the past, chemicals like chloroform were used in surgery for pain relief and anaesthesia. These have been replaced by other (safer) inhalants, and the use of nitrous has come a long way in medicine since it was first used.
Isocrates (; ; 436–338 BC) was an ancient Greek teacher of rhetoric and was one of the ten . He was one of the leading Greek rhetorical speakers of his time and contributed to rhetoric and education through his teaching and written works. Some people say , a pupil of , was the teacher of Isocrates. Within two generations, rhetoric had become an important art, its growth driven by social and political changes such as democracy and courts of law. Isocrates starved himself to death, two years before his 100th birthday.
Ahmad Abbas Hattab Al-Saedi (Arabic: احمد عباس حطاب الساعدي, born May 9, 1994) is an Iraqi footballer who plays as a center midfielder for Al-Talaba in Iraq. Hattab made his International debut against Yemen in the 21st Arabian Gulf Cups on 12 January 2013.
Sweeney Todd is a fictional character who first appeared as the villain of the serial "" (1846–47). The original story became a feature of 19th-century melodrama and London legend. A barber from Fleet Street, Todd murders his customers with a straight razor and gives their corpses to Mrs. Lovett, his partner in crime, who bakes their flesh into meat pies. The tale has been retold many times since in plays, novels, film and other media. Scholars do not think Sweeney Todd was a real person.
Antinous (; ; – ) was a young Greek man from Bithynia and a favourite and likely lover of the Roman emperor Hadrian. Following his death aged eighteen, Antinous was deified (made into a deity) on Hadrian's orders, being worshipped in both the Greek East and Latin West, sometimes as a god () and sometimes as a hero (). Little is known of Antinous's life, although it is known that he was born in Claudiopolis (present day Bolu, Turkey), in the Roman province of Bithynia. He was probably introduced to Hadrian in 123, before being taken to Italy for a higher education. He had become the favourite of Hadrian by 128, when he was taken on a tour of the Roman Empire as part a group of people accompanying Hadrian. Antinous accompanied Hadrian when he attended the yearly Eleusinian Mysteries religious rites in Athens, and was with him when he killed the Marousian lion in Libya, an event highly publicised by the Emperor. In October 130, as they were part of a flotilla (group of small warships) going along the Nile, Antinous died amid mysterious circumstances. A number of suggestions have been put forward for how he died, ranging from an accidental drowning to an intentional human sacrifice or suicide. After his death, Hadrian deified Antinous and founded an organised cult devoted to his worship that spread throughout the Roman Empire. Hadrian founded the city of Antinoöpolis close to Antinous's place of death, which became a cultic centre for the worship of Osiris-Antinous. Hadrian also founded games in commemoration of Antinous to take place in both Antinoöpolis and Athens, with Antinous becoming a symbol of Hadrian's dreams of pan-Hellenism. The worship of Antinous proved to be one of the most enduring and popular of cults of deified humans in the Roman Empire, and events continued to be founded in his honour long after Hadrian's death.  Antinous became a symbol of male homosexuality in Western culture, appearing in the work of Oscar Wilde and Fernando Pessoa.
The Sura (Abhira) Kingdom is mentioned as one of the kingdoms or provinces of ancient India (Bharata Varsha) as per the epic Mahabharata. The Suras were a subdivision of the Haihayas. They were mentioned along with another tribe called the Abhiras along the banks of Saraswati River where it dried up in the desert. They were dominated by the Abhiras, sometimes referred to as Surabhira The Balarama visited this place during his pilgrimage along the partially dried up river Saraswati. After this place, only a dried up river bed existed and the desert or the "Maru" region began. According to Mahābhārata (IX.36.) Sura lived in the region of Vinasana, in the vicinity of Abhiras (tato vinaśanam rājanājagāma halāyudhaḥ śūrābhirān prati dveṣād yatra naṣṭā sarasvatī). The Suras and Abhiras' are associated together in the Mahabharata and Harivansa and appear to have been a pastoral people in the upper portion of the North-western Punjab represented by the Ahirs and Gwalas of the present day. References in Mahabharata. There are the Sura-abhiras, the Dardas, the Kasmiras, and the Pattis; the Kshatriyas; the Atreyas, the Bharadwajas, the Stanaposhikas, the Poshakas, the Kalingas, and diverse tribes of Kiratas; the Tomaras, the Hansamargas, and the Karamanjakas among the kingdoms of Bharata Varsha (6:9). Expeditions of Nakula. Nakula brought under subjection the mighty Gramaniya that dwelt on the shore of the sea, and the Suras and the Abhiras that dwelt on the banks of the Saraswati, and all those tribes that lived upon fisheries, and those also that dwelt on the mountains, and the whole
In elementary algebra, Completing the square is a technique in evaluating quadratic expressions. The technique is about converting the quadratic expression in the standard form formula_1, into the vertex form formula_2. History. The technique of completing the square was known in the Old Babylonian Empire. Muhammad ibn Musa Al-Khwarizmi, a famous polymath who wrote the early algebraic treatise Al-Jabr, used the technique of completing the square to solve quadratic equations.
Aplin's tree frog ("Litoria aplini") is a frog. It lives in Papua New Guinea. Scientists have seen it in exactly one place, the Sepik River in Sandaun Province. The adult frog is 30-35 mm long from nose to rear end. The skin of the frog's back can be green or brown in color. The belly and inner legs are yellow in color. Parts of the hind legs are blue and brown in color. This frog can change color. The same frog may look different during the day and at night. The iris of the eye is gray in color with dark brown marks and a blue circle. The male frogs sit on plants 5 m over pools of water. Then they sing for the female frogs. The scientists named this frog after their friend Ken Aplin. Dr. Aplin helped study the animals of New Guinea for many years.
Litoria richardsi is a frog. It lives in Papua New Guinea and Indonesia. Scientists have seen it about 80 m above sea level. The adult male frog is about 26.5 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog 29.5 mm. The webbed skin of the front and back feet is black in color. The belly is black, white, and yellow in color. The outermost part of the eardrum is clear. Only one other frog in that part of the world has a clear outer eardrum. Scientists are not sure how this frog is related to other frogs in "Litoria".
Leslie Edward Claypool (born September 29, 1963) is an American musician, singer, writer, and movie maker. He is best known for being the bassist and main member of Primus, an American rock band. He has been in Primus since it was made in 1984. Many people say Claypool is one of the best bassists of all time. He has a unique way of playing the bass guitar. He is known for using tapping, slapping, and vibrato when playing the bass guitar. Claypool has been in many different bands. He has been a member of many supergroups (a band that has members who are already popular musicians). He has worked with musicians such as Buckethead and Sean Lennon. He has also made his own bands. These are Colonel Les Claypool's Fearless Flying Frog Brigade and Les Claypool's Fancy Band. Claypool has made albums by himself, such as "Highball with the Devil" (1996) and "Of Whales And Woe" (2006).
Primus are an American rock band. It was made in El Sobrante, California in 1984. The people that made Primus were bassist and singer Les Claypool and guitarist Todd Huth. The band's first drummer was Vince Parker. Jay Lane replaced Parker. Lane and Huth left the band in 1989. Guitarist Larry LaLonde and drummer Tim Alexander replaced them. As of 2022, Primus has made nine studio albums. The band's most popular albums are "Sailing the Seas of Cheese" (1991), "Pork Soda" (1993), and "Tales from the Punchbowl" (1995). The band has had two albums certified platinum by the RIAA. "Pork Soda" and "Tales from the Punchbowl" went into the top ten on the "Billboard" 200, an American music chart. "Sailing the Seas of Cheese" was their first popular album. It had a popular single named "Jerry Was a Race Car Driver". Primus has made other popular songs, such as "My Name Is Mud", "Wynona's Big Brown Beaver", and "John the Fisherman". The band took a break in 2000. They started making music again in 2003. They did not make another album until "Green Naugahyde" in 2011. Since then, Primus has made two more albums. History. The band starts, "Frizzle Fry" (1984–1990). The band started in El Sobrante, California in 1984, under the name Primate. It was made by Les Claypool and Todd Huth. They used a drum machine, as the band didn't have a drummer at the time. They used the machine until Vince Parker, Claypool's friend, joined the band. Parker played the drums for the band. The three of them made a demo. After making the demo, they changed the band's name to Primus. This was because a band named the Primates said they would sue them for using a similar name. After making the demo, Primus had many different drummers. None
Sokołów Podlaski is a town in Masovian Voivodeship, Poland. It is about east of Warsaw. The town is on the Cetynia river. It is in the historical area of Podlachia. Sokołów Podlaski is the capital of Sokołów County. The town was first settled in the 6th century. The town received its charter in 1424. In 2004, 18,434 people lived in Sokołów Podlaski. 18,481 people live there in 2010 and 18,720 in 2013.
Cirque du Soleil (, ; "Circus of the Sun" or "Sun Circus") is a Canadian entertainment company. It is the largest contemporary circus producer in the world. Located in the inner-city area of Saint-Michel, it was founded in Baie-Saint-Paul on 16 June 1984 by former street performers Guy Laliberté and Gilles Ste-Croix. Accidents. On 29 November 2016, 42-year-old set technician Olivier Rochette, of Canada, died in San Francisco, California, from head injuries he had sustained after accidentally being hit in the head by an aerial lift while preparing for a production of "Luzia". Rochette was the son of Cirque du Soleil co-founder Gilles Ste-Croix. On 17 March 2018, 38-year-old aerial straps performer Yann Arnaud, of France, died at a hospital in Tampa, Florida, after falling during a performance of "Volta". He had been with the company for 15 years.
Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk (, literally "South Sakhalin City") is a city on Sakhalin island. It is also the administrative center of Sakhalin Oblast, Russia. It is in the Far East part of Russia. It is north of Japan. Gas and oil extraction and processing are the main industries of the island. It was named Vladimirovka () from 1882 to 1905, then when Imperial Japan controlled it from 1905 to 1946. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 181,728. History. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk started as a small Russian settlement called Vladimirovka. It was founded by convicts in 1882. In the Treaty of Portsmouth in 1905, the southern part of Sakhalin was given to Japan. This treaty ended the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905. Because Vladimirovka was in southern Sakhalin, it was given to Japan. Vladimirovka was renamed Toyohara (meaning "bountiful plain" in Japanese). During the Soviet–Japanese War within World War II, the city was taken by Soviet soldiers. After the war, it was given to the Soviet Union. It was renamed Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk and given town status in 1946. Demographics. Population. Most citizens are ethnic Russians, but there is also many Korean Russians. There are also smaller numbers of indigenous minorities, such as Ainu, Nivkhs and Oroks. Geography. The city is on the Susuya River. It is the largest city on Sakhalin. It is the only one with more than 100,000 inhabitants on the island. Twin towns and sister cities. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk is twinned with:
Les Misérables is a 1909 American silent drama movie directed by J. Stuart Blackton and stars William V. Ranous, Maurice Costello, and Hazel Neason.
Svatove () or Svatovo () is a city on the Krasna river in Luhansk Oblast (region) of Ukraine. It is the administrative center of Svatove Raion. Its population is . History. After the creation of the separatist Luhansk People's Republic on 27 April 2014, Luhansk Oblast became a battlefield of the War in Donbas. Svatove stayed under Ukrainian control. The separatist referendum on 11 May on independence was not held in the city. On 29–30 October 2015, two people were reported dead and eight wounded because of explosions caused by fire at the munitions depot in Svatove. 2022 invasion. During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Svatove was occupied by Russian and Luhansk People's Republic forces on 6 March 2022. Following a major counteroffensive by Ukrainian forces in early September 2022, it was reported that Russian forces were leaving the city. On 14 September it was reported that Russian soldiers had came back.  the city has been occupied by Russian forces. Demographics. In 2021 it had a population of 16,420. At the time of the 2001 census, the population was 89.87% Ukrainian and 8.61% Russian.
The Battle of Svatove is a current battle between Russia and Ukraine over the eastern Ukrainian city of Svatove. It is part of the Russo-Ukrainian War and the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and part of the Battle of the Svatove-Kreminna line. The battle began on October 3, 2022, a day after the Ukrainian army recaptured the town of Lyman in Donetsk Oblast. Background. During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Svatove was occupied by Russian and Luhansk People's Republic forces on 6 March 2022. In early September 2022, it was reported that Russian forces were leaving the city. This was because of a Ukrainian counteroffensive in Kharkiv Oblast. However, Russian troops had came back by 14 September. After Putin announced partial mobilization on 21 September, some of the newly recruited conscripts were sent to Svatove to the front line after only 2 days of training at most to counter Ukrainian advances. Russian forces mined all roads leading to Svatove and Kreminna to defeat Ukrainian advances. Battle. After the Ukrainian recapture of Lyman on October 2, Ukrainian forces went towards the Kharkiv-Luhansk oblast borders. On October 3, they took back Borova and the nearby town of Shyikivka. To the south, Ukraine took back the villages of Izyumske and Druzhelyubivka on the border of Kharkiv and Luhansk oblasts.  To the north of Borova, Ukrainian forces took back Bohuslavka and Borivska Andriivka. To the east, Ukrainian forces also took Hrekivka and Makiivka. On October 9, Ukrainian forces took back Kruhlyakivka. Between October 9 and 13, Ukrainian forces made small advances into Luhansk Oblast. They took back the villages of Novolyubivka, Nevske, Novoiehorivka, Nadiia, and Andriivka, all southwest of Svatove. In the north, Ukrainian forces took
As Scotland is part of the United Kingdom, the British national song "God Save the King" is used in Scotland on royal occasions, for example, or when Scottish athletes participate at the Olympics. However, in other situations, other songs are used as "acutual" Scottish songs, especially "Flower of Scotland" and "Scotland the Brave". There have been calls for Scotland to have its own official national song. In 2004, lawyers for the devolved Scottish Parliament advised that it was within the legal smart ability of the Scottish Parliament to choose a national song for Scotland, going against the suggestion that it would be a matter reserved to the Parliament of the United Kingdom. This ruling caused some interest in the idea, and a petition to the Scottish Parliament's petitions committee supported by the Scottish Green Party was referred without recommendation to the Scottish Executive, but they decided to take no action, thinking about the issue not to be a political priority. There have been subsequent attempts to re-open the debate on a national anthem for Scotland. In 2006, the Scottish Parliament Enterprise Committee denied a formal request from Scottish National Party MSP Michael Matheson on the subject. Current use. At most international sporting events Scotland uses "Flower of Scotland" as its national song. These events include matches of the Scottish national football team, Scottish cricket team and the Scottish rugby union team. The song has also been used as the victory song of Scotland at the Commonwealth Games since 2010, replacing "Scotland the Brave". Possible candidates. In June 2006 the Royal Scottish National Orchestra conducted an online opinion poll on their website, asking visitors to choose a favourite to be Scotland's national song. With over 10,000 votes cast, "Flower of Scotland" came first with 41% of the votes, followed by "Scotland the Brave" with 29%. Other songs which have been suggested include Robert Burns' "Auld Lang Syne", and Hamish Henderson's "Freedom Come-All-Ye". Both of these songs, from the 18th and 20th centuries respectively, are written in Lowland Scots.
Babruysk, Babrujsk, Bobruisk, or Bobruysk ( , Łacinka: , , ) is a city in the Mogilev Region of eastern Belarus. It is on the Berezina River. , its population was 209,675. It is the seventh-largest city in Belarus by population and area. The name Babruysk (as well as that of the Babruyka River) probably comes from the Belarusian word (; 'beaver'). Many beavers used to live around the Berezina. However, they were almost gone by the end of the 19th century because of hunting and pollution. Babruysk has an area of . It has over 450 streets. Babruysk is at the intersection of railroads to Asipovichy, Zhlobin, Aktsyabrski and roads to Minsk, Homyel, Mahilyow, Kalinkavichy, Slutsk, and Rahachow. It has the biggest timber mill in Belarus. It is also known for its chemical, machine making and metal-working industries. In 2021, there were 38 public schools in Babruysk, and over 24,000 students. There are three schools focusing on music, dance and visual arts. There is also a medical school. History. Babruysk is one of the oldest cities in Belarus. It was first mentioned in writing in the middle of the 14th century. Archaeologists found that in the 5th and 6th centuries there were Slavic settlements up the river Berezina from where Babruysk is right now. Stone tools and weapons found suggest that people have lived there since the Stone Age. During the reign of Vladimir I, Prince of Kiev, Babruysk was a small village. The people of the town were fishermen and beaver trappers. This is where the name Babruysk comes from. Babruysk was part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth for many centuries. It was an important border post and military base. In the 14th century, a castle was built on one of the hills