ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
YM (or Your Magazine) was an American magazine for teenaged girls. It originally began being published in the 1930s. It was published for 72 years. It was the second-oldest girls' magazine in the United States; the oldest being "Seventeen". It began as two separate magazines: "Compact" and "Calling All Girls". "Compact" was aimed at older teenagers. It was first published in 1932. "Calling All Girls" was intended for younger girls. It began publication in July 1941 after a teen column in "Parents' Magazine" produced a positive interest from readers. It was the first magazine for girls. Contents consisted of comics, fashion advice, and short stories. It was originally published four times a year, but soon became published every month. This was because it was popular. By 1945 it was selling 500,000 copies of each issue. The average reader was aged 13. The magazine never appealed to older teens or fashion advertisers because of its emphasis on comics. During the 1960s, the two titles ("Compact" and "Calling All Girls") merged into "Young Miss". The title changed again to "Young &amp; Modern" in the 1980s. It was changed one final time in 2000 to "YM". This was said to stand for "Your Magazine". "YM" stopped being published in 2004. Subscriptions were replaced with "Teen Vogue".
A Bantustan (also known as a Bantu homeland, black homeland, black state, or simply homeland) was a territory set aside for South Africa's black inhabitants during apartheid. Ten Bantustans were established in South Africa and ten more in South West Africa (now Namibia), with the goal of creating nation states for the black tribes of Africa. The term "Bantustan" comes from "Bantu" (meaning "people" in the Bantu languages) and "-stan" (meaning "land" in Persian). The founders of apartheid tried hard to make the Bantustans recognised internationally, but this never happened, and most blacks did not like the Bantustans. They were unpopular because: The Bantustans were dissolved in 1994 and their territory incorporated into the Republic of South Africa. From 1994, most parts of the country were redivided into new provinces. List of Bantustans. Bantustans in South Africa. Lesotho and Swaziland were not Bantustans, but former British colonies granted independence by Great Britain and internationally recognised. Four of the South African Bantustans, Transkei, Bophuthatswana, Venda, and Ciskei (also called the "TBVC States") were granted independence from South Africa, but were never internationally recognised. The other six had a high amount of autonomy. Bantustans in South West Africa. Beginning in 1968, ten Bantustans were established in South West Africa. Unlike the Bantustans in South Africa, only four Bantustans in South West Africa were granted autonomy, and none were granted independence. The Bantustans were abolished in May 1989 in the transition to independence.
In South African, Namibian, Zambian, Botswanan, and Zimbabwean context, the term Coloured (Kleurlinge in Afrikaans) is used to refer to people of mixed European and Khoisan or Bantu ancestry. They form the majority of the Northern Cape and Western Cape populations. Most Coloured speak Afrikaans as their first language, although there are some native English speakers. The majority of Coloureds living in Cape Town are able to speak both languages. Because of South Africa's history of racial discrimination, many feel that the term "coloured" is derogatory. The official term is "Coloured people", but many Coloureds prefer to call themselves "Black", "Khoisan", or just "South African". The majority of coloureds are found in the Western Cape, but are prevalent throughout the country. According to the 2022 South African census, Coloureds represent 8.15% of people within South Africa, while they make up 42.1% of the population in the Western Cape and 41.6% in the Northern Cape, representing a plurality of the population in these two provinces of South Africa. In the Western Cape, a distinctive Cape Coloured and affiliated Cape Malay culture developed. Genetic studies suggest the group has the highest levels of mixed ancestry in the world. Apartheid. During apartheid, people were classified into four groups: White, Black, Coloured, and Asian. The Cape Malays, who are of Asian descent, were not classified as Asians, but as Coloureds. Although they were discriminated upon by the government, many Coloureds and Asians got to enjoy certain rights during the apartheid era. For example, they did not have to carry around a passbook, had limited political representation, and were considered citizens of South Africa.
Jan Christiaan Smuts, OM, CH, ED, KC, FRS, PC (24 May 1870 – 11 September 1950), was a South African soldier and Prime Minister, from 1919 to 1924 and again from 1939 to 1948. Biography. Early life. Jan Smuts was born into a wealthy Afrikaner family living in the British Cape Colony. He first went to school at age 12, going to Victoria College four years later to study science and the arts. He later went to Christ's College in Cambridge to study law. Boer War and Unification. Smuts was a supporter of Cecil Rhodes until it was revealed that he was apart of the Jameson Raid by a group of Uitlanders ("foreigners" in Afrikaans) in the Transvaal Republic. In 1898, Smuts moved to Johannesburg in the Transvaal to practice law and later became a minister in the Transvaal government until the outbreak of the Anglo-Boer War. During the Boer War, he led a Boer Commando in the Cape Colony using guerrilla tactics. After the war, Smuts joined the cabinet led by Louis Botha in 1907. However, uneasiness with his Afrikaner comrades cooperating with the British led him to disown the Afrikaners on year later, declaring himself to be South African instead. Soldier and Statesman. Two years after the Union of South Africa was formed, Smuts created the Union Defence Force (UDF). He led the UDF and was instrumental in the conquest of German South-West Africa and German East Africa during World War I. In 1917, Smuts was invited to join the Imperial War Cabinet. In 1918, Smuts helped created the Royal Air Force. Smuts and Botha were key negotiators at the Paris Peace Conference. After signing the Treaty of Versailles, which gave South Africa control over Namibia, Smuts returned to politics. When Botha died in 1919, Smuts became Prime Minister, serving until his defeat in 1924 to the National Party. World War II. After serving nine
Endless Love is an American romantic drama movie. It was released February 2014 in the United States and the United Kingdom. The movie is about a charismatic boy and wealthy girl. Her parents want them separated. This movie was rated PG-13 in the United States, for language, sexual content and brief nudity. It is a remake of the movie of the same name from 1981. They are both based on the novel of the same name.
A tension headache is a common form of headache. Tension headaches affect the head, eyes and nearby areas of the body. They are very common with adults. Females are twice as likely as males to have them. Tension headaches may be caused by:
About Last Night is a 1986 American romance-comedy-drama movie. Two people begin a relationship from a one-night stand after meeting in a Chicago bar. Demi Moore plays Debbie. Rob Lowe plays Danny. Megan Mullally plays Pat. This movie was released on July 2, 1986. It got very good reviews. A remake was released in 2014.
About Last Night is a 2014 American romantic comedy movie. It is a remake of the 1986 movie of the same name. It is about romantic encounters in Los Angeles. Paula Patton is in the cast. The original movie was set in Chicago. This one is set in Los Angeles and has an all-black cast The remake was released in mid February of 2014. It was rated R. The original romance movie was also rated R.
Sabotage is a 2014 action and crime thriller movie. It is about DEA officials busting safe houses of drug lords. An assassin begins to target them later on. Arnold Schwarzenegger plays John. Terrence Howard plays Sugar. The movie was released on March 28, 2014.
Natasha Henstridge (born August 15, 1974) is a Canadian model turned actress. She is best known for playing the extraterrestrial-human hybrid antagonist Sil in the 1995 science-fiction horror movie, "Species", which was her movie debut. She played Lisa Rayborn in the 1998 comedy movie, "You Lucky Dog". She also played Dawn in the television series, "The Secret Circle". Henstridge was born in Newfoundland. She was raised in Fort McMurray, Alberta.
Emma Catherine Rigby (born 26 September 1989) is an English actress. She is best known for portraying the role of Hannah Ashworth in the Channel 4 soap opera "Hollyoaks" (2005–2010, 2024–present). She later portryed Gemma Roscoe in "Prisoners' Wives". Rigby was born in St Helens, Merseyside, England.
"Dancing Crazy" is a popular single sung by singer Miranda Cosgrove. The song is about being involved in parties and having a lovely time. Avril Lavigne was the co-writer of this song. The music critics didn't accept "Dancing Crazy". It was, however, moderately strong in certain music charts. It was released in December 2010.
The term mass murder refers to when a murder of four people or more happens by the same person or group at the same time. Usually the murders happen at the same time or over a relatively short period of time.  Definition. The FBI defines mass murder as the killing of many people without any cooling-off period. By comparison a serial killer has a cooling-off period between murders. Murder can be done by a person, a gang, a terrorist group, a government or police.  Causes. Mass murderers commit their crime for many reasons. Examples of why they do it include: politics, religion, ethnicity, sadism and mental disorders. In many cases, the killer commits suicide or is killed by police. The University of Texas massacre in August 1966, the 1999 Columbine High School massacre, the September 11 attacks, the Virginia Tech massacre, the 2012 Aurora shooting and the 2012 Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting are some examples of mass murders that have happened in the United States. Examples. The United Kingdom's mass murders include the Denmark Place fire in London in 1980, the Hungerford massacre in Hungerford, Berkshire in 1987 and the Pan Am Flight 103 Lockerbie, Scotland in 1988. Australia's mass murders include the Port Arthur massacre in 1996. France's include the November 2015 Paris attacks. Turkey's include the 2015 Ankara bombings.
Sexual violence a sexual act or attempt to get sex by force, violence, unwelcome harassment or advances. Impact. Sexual violence can cause sexually transmitted conditions and mental troubles. Sexual violence happens mostly to females. Males can also be victims.
Speed Badminton (or "Speedminton") is a form of badminton played without a net. It is faster than ordinary badminton. It combines rules from different sports like badminton, squash and tennis. Today, Speedminton is played all around the world. There are about 3,000 registered players that compete internationally and about 2 million players around the world. There is no net in between players. There is also no firm rules about where it is played. It can be played on tennis courts, streets, beaches, fields or gyms. The court is two squares of 5.50–metre (18 ft) length. They are fixed opposite to each other at a distance of 12.8 m (42 ft). There are tournaments all over the world. Tournaments are organized into a growing number of clubs. In some countries, associations are already established, for example the German Speed Badminton Association (DSBV) and the Swiss Speed Badminton (SSB). On August 25, 2011 the international Speed Badminton Organization (ISBO) was founded in Berlin.
Marquinhos (real name Marcos Aoás Corrêa, born 14 May 1994 in São Paulo) is a Brazilian footballer. He plays as a defender for Paris Saint-Germain F.C. in France. "The Guardian" newspaper think that he is one of the 10 best young football players in the world. He was bought by his current club from A.S. Roma for €32 million in 2013.
is an anime series written by Kazuki Nakashima and directed by Hiroyuki Imaishi. It is produced by Trigger. The anime began airing on October 3, 2013 and ended on March 27, 2014. There is also a manga that is illustrated by Ryō Akizuki. On September 3, 2014, an original video animation episode will be released along with the ninth volume. Plot. The series follows Ryuko Matoi, a student at a high school in Tokyo Bay set in post-apocalyptic Japan called Honnouji Academy. The academy is run by the student council which wear special uniforms called Goku Uniforms. The uniforms give them superhuman abilities and they use them to rule over the rest of the students and staff of the academy. Ryuko Matoi owns one-half of a scissor-shaped longsword and transferred to the academy to look for the owner of the other half of the scissor blade, the person that killed her father. When she attempts to interrogate the leader of the student council Satsuki Kiryuin about the killer, she is defeated. After her defeat, she finds a sentient sailor uniform which she names Senketsu. Ryuko is able to use Senketsu's powers to fight Satsuki and her henchmen, the Elite Four.
Constantin "Dinu" Cocea (22 September 1929 – 26 December 2013) was a Romanian actor, screenwriter, and award-winning director. He was born in Periș, Ilfov County, Romania. Cocea graduated from Gheorghe Lazăr National College before he began his acting career in 1958. However, he made his mark as a director and screenwriter, most notably directing "Haiducii lui Șaptecai". In 2010 he received the Lifetime Achievement Award of Excellence at the Iasi International Film Festival. Dinu Cocea died from heart failure on 26 December 2013, aged 84, in Paris, France, where he had lived since 1986. He was survived by his daughter, Oana. Filmography. Film directed by Dinu Cocea:
Jan Skopeček (19 September 1925 – 27 July 2020) was a Czech actor and playwright.  Early life and career. He was born in Litoměřice, Czechoslovakia. Skopeček began his acting career in 1949, appearing in a number of plays. He was married to actress Věra Tichánková. The two remained together until Tichánková's death in January 2014. He died on 27 July 2020 in Prague, aged 94.
Richard Bull (June 26, 1924 – February 3, 2014) was an American movie, stage, and television actor. He is best known for his role as Nels Oleson on the NBC TV series "Little House on the Prairie" which aired from 1974 to 1983 and "Doc" on "Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea". Bull died on the morning of February 3, 2014 at the Motion Picture Television Fund campus in Calabasas, California from pneumonia. He was 89 years old.
William R. "Bill" Sinkin (May 19, 1913 – February 3, 2014) was an American community activist for equality, international cooperation and alternative energy in San Antonio, Texas. He created the company "Solar San Antonio". Sinkin died on February 3, 2014 from natural causes in San Antonio, Texas, aged 100.
Wu Ma (real name: ) (22 September 1942 – 4 February 2014) was a Chinese-Hong Kong actor, director, producer and writer.  Wu Ma's career began in 1963. He made over 180 appearances to his name (plus 38 directorial credits within a twenty-five year period). Wu Ma is mostly known for appearing in many movies about the history of Hong Kong Cinema. He is best known as the Taoist ghosthunter in "A Chinese Ghost Story". Wu Ma died on 4 February 2014 in Hong Kong from lung cancer, aged 71.
Hans Jakob "Jack" Steinberger (25 May 1921 – 12 December 2020) was a German-born American physicist of Jewish descent. He co-discovered the muon neutrino, along with Leon Lederman and Melvin Schwartz. He was given the 1988 Nobel Prize in Physics. Steinberger now lives in Switzerland. He studied at the Illinois Institute of Technology and the University of Chicago. He was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 1991. Steinberger was an atheist, and a member of the International Academy of Humanism. Steinberger died on 12 December 2020 in Geneva, Switzerland at the age of 99.
Leon Max Lederman (July 15, 1922 – October 3, 2018) was an American experimental physicist. He received, along with Martin Lewis Perl, the Wolf Prize in Physics in 1982. He won the prize for their research on quarks and leptons, and the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1988. He received the prize along with Melvin Schwartz and Jack Steinberger, for their research on neutrinos. Lederman was of Jewish descent. He was an atheist. Lederman died on October 3, 2018 at a care-facility in Rexburg, Idaho from complications of dementia at the age of 96.
Melvin Schwartz (November 2, 1932 – August 28, 2006) was an American physicist of Jewish descent. He shared the 1988 Nobel Prize in Physics with Leon M. Lederman and Jack Steinberger for their development of the neutrino beam method and their demonstration of the doublet structure of the leptons through the discovery of the muon neutrino. Schwartz died on August 28, 2006 in Twin Falls, Idaho from Parkinson's disease and hepatitis C, aged 73.
Martin Lewis Perl (June 24, 1927 – September 30, 2014) was an American physicist of Jewish descent. Perl won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1995 for his discovery of the tau lepton. Pearl died at Stanford University Hospital on September 30, 2014 from a heart attack at the age of 87.
Patrice Munsel (May 14, 1925 – August 4, 2016) was an American coloratura soprano. She was the youngest singer who ever starred at the Metropolitan Opera. She was sometimes called "Princess Pat". Munsel was born in Spokane, Washington on May 14, 1925. She died on August 4, 2016 in Schroon Lake, New York, aged 91.
Adolfo Suárez González, 1st Duke of Suárez, Grandee of Spain (25 September 1932 – 23 March 2014) was a Spanish lawyer and politician. Suárez was Spain's first democratically elected prime minister after the dictator of Franco. Suárez was born in Cebreros, Spain. During his term as Prime Minister, Suárez was the key figure in the country's change to democracy. He led and founded some democratic political parties in Spain. He created the "Political Reform of Spain" in 1976 which helped Spain to become a democratic country. In 2005, he was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. He died nine years later in Madrid at the age of 81. Early life. Suárez was born in Cebreros, Spain. His parents were Hipólito Suárez Guerra and Herminia González Prados. He studied at the University of Salamanca. Suárez married María Amparo Illana Elórtegui in 1961. Political career. On 4 July 1976, King Juan Carlos appointed Suárez as Prime Minister of Spain. He was the first Prime Minister under the 1978 Constitution of Spain. In late July of 1977, Suárez became a member of the Congress of Deputies for Madrid. He was a member until he retired from politics in 1991. In 1977, Spain had its first free elections in 41 years. Suárez was elected Prime Minister. He and the people working with him won the 1979 elections under the new constitution. He resigned as Prime Minister on 29 January 1981. In 1981, King Juan Carlos of Spain gave Suárez the hereditary title of "Duque de Suárez" (Duke of Suárez). He also received the title "Grande de España" (English: Grandee of Spain) because of his role in the change to democracy. The Prime Minister after Suárez was Leopoldo Calvo Sotelo. In 1986, Suárez ran again for Prime Minister. He lost to
George Fernandes (3 June 1930 – 29 January 2019) was the former Indian trade unionist, politician, journalist, agriculturist, and member of "Rajya Sabha" from Bihar. He was a key member of the Janata Dal (United), and is the founder of the Samata Party. Fernandes suffered from Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, and in January 2010 was underwent treatment at Baba Ramdev's ashram at Haridwar He died of complications from the diseases on 29 January 2019 in New Delhi, aged 88.
The Honorable Sir Charles Kuen Kao, (November 4, 1933 – September 23, 2018) was a Chinese-born American and British electrical engineer and physicist. He helped discover the development and use of fiber optics in telecommunications. Kao was awarded the 2009 Nobel Prize in Physics for "groundbreaking achievements concerning the transmission of light in fibers for optical communication". Kao holds dual citizenship of the United Kingdom and the United States. Kao is known as the "Godfather of Broadband". Kao was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease in 2002 and had speech difficulty. He died on September 23, 2018 from complications of the disease in Sha Tin, Hong Kong at the age of 84.
Auguste Deter (; 16 May 1849 – 8 June 1906) was a German woman.  She is the first person to be diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. Auguste had a normal life. However, during the late 1890s, she started showing symptoms of dementia, such as: loss of memory, delusions, and even temporary vegetative states. She would have trouble sleeping, would drag sheets across the house, and even scream for hours in the middle of the night. She died on 8 June 1906 from Alzheimer's in Frankfurt, aged 57.
Courtney Keith Allen (August 21, 1923 – February 4, 2014) was a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman and former National Hockey League (NHL) head coach and general manager. He was born in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. He was the executive vice president of the Philadelphia Flyers. Allen died at an assisted living facility on February 4, 2014. He was 90 years old. He had suffered from dementia in his later years.
Child's Play 2 is an American horror movie released in 1990. The movie is about a serial killer doll named Chucky that is causing violent terror in Chicago. Brad Dourif plays Chucky. This movie was released in November 1990 across North America. The reviews were mixed. The box office was successful.
William Collins (15 November 1950 – 11 January 2023), better known by his stage name Billy McColl, was a Scottish actor. He was born in Hamilton, Scotland, McColl began his career in 1978. He had many different roles on British television shows such as "Doctor Who", "Hamish MacBeth", "The Bill" and "Taggart". Billy McColl died on 11 January 2023, aged 72, in New York, USA. He was survived by his daughter, Maud.
Urban history is the study of the history of urbanism. It looks into why and how cities developed. Urban history also studies the social, political, cultural and economic aspects of cities. Most urban historians focus on the larger or more important cities. There is much less attention to small cities, towns and suburbs. Urban history involves several other fields of study as they affect cities. These include archaeology, architecture, sociology, and the political and economic aspects of cities over time.  References. &lt;br&gt;
Ladislav Šmíd (born February 1, 1986) is a Czech former professional ice hockey defenceman. He played parts of eleven seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Edmonton Oilers and Calgary Flames. He also played for Bílí Tygři Liberec of the Czech Extraliga (ELH). Career. Before playing the NHL, Šmíd played 3 seasons with HC Bílí Tygři Liberec of the Czech Extraliga. He was drafted by the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim with the 9th overall pick in the 2004 NHL Entry Draft. He spent 1 season with the Mighty Ducks AHL affiliate team, the Portland Pirates and was traded along with Joffrey Lupul and draft picks to the Edmonton Oilers for Chris Pronger on July 3, 2006. He played 8 seasons with the Oilers and was known as a shutdown defencemen when he was paired with Jeff Petry. On November 8, 2013, the Oilers traded Šmíd along with Olivier Roy to the Calgary Flames for Roman Horák and Laurent Brossoit. On September 23, 2016, it was announced that Šmíd would miss the entire 2016-17 season because of a neck injury that he had been suffering for years from. On May 23, 2017, he would sign a two-year contract to return to Bílí Tygři Liberec in the Czech Extraliga (ELH). He would play five seasons with the team. He would retire from playing professional ice hockey after the team was eliminated in the 2022 playoffs. After retiring, Šmíd would return to Edmonton and he would accept a job to become a development coach for the Edmonton Oil Kings.