ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Alexander Emmanuel Rodriguez (born July 27, 1975 in New York City, New York). In the past, he played as shortstop for the Seattle Mariners and Texas Rangers. He is currently first in runs scored and total bases; second in extra base hits and RBI, and 4th in hits among all players in baseball history since their 31st birthday. Also, Rodriguez has more HR, RBI, runs scored and more base hits than all-time leaders Hank Aaron (RBI), Barry Bonds (HR), Rickey Henderson (runs scored), and Pete Rose (hits) did before their 31st birthdays. He is the youngest player ever to hit 500 home runs, breaking the record Jimmie Foxx set in 1939. He has been said to be one of the best all-around players currently in baseball. In 2009, he admitted to using steroids from 2001-2003, during his time with the Texas Rangers, in order to become better at baseball. His playing career ended in August of 2016.
A wallaroo is an Australian macropod with its size between the big kangaroos and the small wallabies. The name "wallaroo" is a mix of wallaby and kangaroo. Most wallaroos are smaller than a kangaroo, and live in open, rocky country. Wallaroo means "rock kangaroo". There are three types of wallaroo. They all stand the same way: wrists raised, elbows close into the body, and shoulders back, and all have a large, black nose. Wallaroo species. "Macropus robustus". The eastern wallaroo, "Macropus robustus", sometimes called the, common wallaroo or just wallaroo lives on the sides of the Great Dividing Range (which runs for more than 3,000 km along the eastern and south-eastern coast of Australia). There are four subspecies of Eastern Wallaroo:  "Macropus bernardus". Woodward's wallaroo or black wallaroo, "Macropus bernardus", lives in steep, rocky ground in Arnhem Land. Between 60 to 70 cm in length (without tail) it is the smallest wallaroo and the most heavily built. Males weigh 19 to 22 kg, females about 13 kg.  "Macropus antilopinus". The antilopine wallaroo, "Macropus antilopinus", also called the antilopine kangaroo, is different to other wallaroos. It is, more like the eastern and western grey kangaroos. It lives in groups on the grassy plains and woodlands, where the other wallaroos live by themselves.
Zoë (and other such names) is a feminine name which came from ancient Greece and means "life" in Greek. The pronunciation of the name is [ zoh-ee, zoh ]. This name was ranked #42 on the US Popular Names in 2021.  Some uses of the name are:
Richard Duane "Rick" Warren (born January 28, 1954) is both founder and pastor of the evangelical Baptist Saddleback Church in Southern California. It is the largest church in California. He is also the best-selling author of many Christian books, such as "The Purpose Driven Life". He is also an influential evangelical leader. Warren was born in San Jose, California.
The antilopine kangaroo ("Macropus antilopinus"), also called the antilopine wallaroo or the antilopine wallaby, is a large macropod that lives only in the tropical areas of northern Australia. They live in Cape York Peninsula in north Queensland, the "Top End" of the Northern Territory, and the Kimberley region of Western Australia. They live in groups feeding on the open grass lands. Antilopine kangaroos are often in groups of all males, or all females. The male is a red colour and females are grey. The males can get as big as 70 kg, but the females are usually around 30 kg. It is slightly smaller than the red kangaroo ("Macropus rufus") and the eastern grey kangaroo ("Macropus giganteus"). Babies are born in the summer (February-March), and leave the mother's pouch in November, at the start of the wet season. Climate change could mean that this kangaroo could become extinct in the future.
Synchronization is the co-ordination of a set of events into a system that works according to time. For example, a conductor of an orchestra serves to keep the orchestra "in time", or "synchronized". Systems that operate with all their parts in synchrony are said to be "synchronous" or "in sync". In synchronization, time and order are important. It is used in many everyday systems, including those in transport, computer science, music, multimedia and telecommunication. Today, synchronization can be done across the world due to digital signals and GPS-enabled time-keeping systems.
Peptides are organic chemical molecules. They are polymers made from linking amino acids together in a certain order. The link between one amino acid residue and the next is known as an amide bond or a peptide bond. Linking peptides together gives proteins, which are "polypeptides". Gly-Gly, or Glycylglycine is (a dipeptide and also) the simplest peptide; It is the dipeptide of Glycine.
A cubic foot is a measure of volume. It is the amount of liquid that can be fit into a box 1 foot deep, one foot wide, and one foot in length. A cubic foot can be written ft3. It is used in the United States, and partially in Canada, and the United Kingdom.
Webmin is a web-based system configuration tool for OpenSolaris, Linux and other Unix-like systems. It can configure many operating system internals, such as users, disk quotas, services, configuration files, as well as modify and control many opensource applications, such as the Apache HTTP Server, PHP and MySQL. Webmin is largely based on Perl, running as its own process and web server. It defaults to TCP port 10000 for communicating, and can be configured to use SSL if OpenSSL is installed with extra required Perl Modules.
A family tree is a chart showing family relationships in a tree structure form. The more detailed family trees used in medicine, genealogy, and social work are known as genograms. As normally showed, a family tree "grows" down from the top, from the oldest generations at the top to the newer generations at the bottom. A tree showing the descendants of an individual (illustration right) will more closely look like a tree in shape; one showing the ancestors of an individual (illustration below in "The Family Tree of Sigmund") will be wider at the top than the bottom. When looking at the closer to the bottom of the tree, it will show more recent generations, and when looking farther up, there will be older generations. the oldest family members go on the right maybe the left.
Survival of the fittest is a famous phrase of Herbert Spencer which describes the idea that, in nature, there is competition to survive and reproduce. It is a metaphor, as are the phrases "struggle for existence", and "natural selection", both of which were used by Charles Darwin. Scientists often use such metaphors as shorthand for key ideas. These metaphors stick in the mind, but they need to be properly understood, or they may be used wrongly. Spencer invented the phrase. Herbert Spencer was a British social philosopher who applied his personal conception of evolution to many other fields, from the origin of the solar system to economics. He first used the term in his book "Principles of Biology", published in 1864. In that book (vol 1 p444) he wrote: "This survival of the fittest, which I have here sought to express in mechanical terms, is that which Mr. Darwin has called ‘natural selection’, or the preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life". Spencer later published a book called "The Man versus the State". There, he used the phrase to explain why societies of a militant type would not adopt his theories. The way he uses the term suggests he is talking about a general principle. Thus by survival of the fittest, the militant type of society becomes characterized by profound confidence in the governing power, joined with a loyalty causing submission to it in all matters whatever. Darwin using the phrase. In the first four editions of "On the Origin of Species", Darwin used only the phrase "natural selection". It was his way of making an analogy with artificial selection (selective breeding), a practice which was well understood in England at that time. Spencer's "Principles of Biology" was the first to use the phrase "survival of the fittest" in print. Darwin agreed that the phrase "survival of the fittest" was better than "natural selection". Natural selection personified nature, but was really about survival. "Survival of the fittest" would avoid this problem, but it "lost the analogy between nature's selection and the fanciers" (breeders). The phrase was first used by Darwin in the
Evolution was an idea debated before Charles Darwin published "On the Origin of Species". In very broad terms, this idea says that species change over time. Even today, some people still talk about the concept of evolution and what it means to them, to their philosophy and their religion. Sometimes these people also talk about the social implications of evolution. This debate is mostly about the meaning of evolution to human life, or about human nature, not about how evolution works. Debates about the fact of evolution. Some people believe in "guided evolution" or "theistic evolution". They say that evolution is real, but it is being guided it some way. There are many different concepts of "theistic evolution". Many creationists believe that the creation myth found in their religion goes against the idea of evolution. As Darwin found out early on, the most controversial part of the evolutionary thought is its implications for human origins. In some countries, especially in the United States, there is tension between people who accept the idea of evolution and those who reject it. The debate is mostly about if the ideas in evolution should be taught in schools, and in what way. Other fields, like cosmology and earth science also do not match with the original writings of many religious texts. These ideas were once also fiercely opposed. Death for heresy was threatened to those who wrote against the idea that the Earth was the centre of the universe. Giordano Bruno was burnt at the stake by the Holy Inquisition for teaching that the Earth moved around the Sun (and other ideas). Evolutionary biology is opposed much more from religious believers than other groups or organizations. The Roman Catholic Church now has a neutral position with regards to evolution. Pope Pius XII stated in his encyclical "Humani Generis" published in the 1950s: Pope John Paul II updated this position in 1996. He said that Evolution was "more than a hypothesis": The Anglican Communion also does not oppose the scientific account of evolution. Using evolution for other purposes. Many of those who accepted evolution were not much interested in biology. They were interested in using the theory to support their own ideas on society. Racism. In the Bible, for instance,
Palembang is a city in Indonesia. It is in the south of the Indonesian island of Sumatra. As of mid-2019, 1,662,893 people live there. It is the capital of the province of South Sumatra. History. The city was the capital of the old, Buddhist kingdom of Srivijaya that included a large part of Malaysia and Indonesia. After a 1025 raid by the Chola Empire of southern India it became less imortant. Srivijaya's capital moved north to Jambi. Palembang is also the home of Parameswara, the ruler of Malacca (a state in Malaysia) who started the most important empire in Malaysian history.  The Battle of Palembang was fought near the city during the Second World War between February 13-February 15 1942. Japanese forces captured the airport and nearby oil refinery after a short but bloody battle. Economy. Palembang's economy has grown after it became a venue for National Sporting Event in 2004. . Palembang was also one of hosts of the 2007 AFC Asian Cup. The city is served by Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II Airport which has many flights to many cities in Indonesia and also to Singapore and Malaysia. This city is famous in Indonesia for its "Pempek" fish cakes.
Social Darwinism refers to any way of thinking that tries to apply biological evolution to human societies. Social Darwinists believe that some people are superior to others. They think that people should be treated differently because of this. Social Darwinism was used to support racism, eugenics, fascism, and Nazism.  Evolution by natural selection is a biological theory created by Charles Darwin. This theory says that in nature some individuals will be more successful than others. The successful individuals will live longer and produce more offspring. This is sometimes called “survival of the fittest”. The offspring will have the traits that made their parents successful, causing the species to have more of these traits over time. Darwin’s "On the Origin of Species" did not discuss human evolution. "The Descent of Man" did, but Darwin opposed racism and generally did not believe that natural selection was acting in modern society.  Darwin did not create social Darwinism. In the late 1800s and early 1900s, people started using the idea of “survival of the fittest” or evolution on humans. Early social Darwinists include Herbert Spencer and Francis Galton. Social Darwinists use evolutionary theory in different ways. Some argued that people who were superior (smarter or stronger) should have more wealth and power. Other people argued that different races or nations were less advanced than others.  Proponents. Herbert Spencer. Herbert Spencer believed in evolutionary progressivism. This means that all human societies go through the same stages of progress. In "The Social Organism" (1860), Spencer compares society to a living organism and argues that society evolves and increases in complexity the same way biological organisms evolve. He believed that European societies were more advanced than other ones.  Spencer was inspired by Thomas Malthus. He followed Lamarck’s theory of evolution instead of Darwin’s natural selection. Spencer's major work, "Progress: its law and cause" (1857), was released two years before the publication of Darwin's "On the Origin of Species". However, his later theories were influenced by Darwin and he created the phrase “survival of the fittest”. In many ways, Spencer's theory of social evolution has
Beccles is a small market town in Suffolk, England, around the area of The Broads. The town had a population of about 9, 850 people around 2005. Beccles has a suburb called Worlingham which has a combined population of about 13,580. Beccles is twinned with Petit-Couronne in France. History. Beccles was once a flourishing Saxon riverport, but today it is in the Waveney valley. There is a popular boating centre. The town was granted its Charter in 1584 by Queen Elizabeth I. The Peck family was associated with Beccles for a long time. The Puritan Peck was eventually forced to leave, and went to Hingham, Massachusetts, founded by many members of his parish, where he lived for several years, until King Charles I had been executed and Oliver Cromwell was in charge of government. At that time, Robert Peck decided to return to Hingham, Norfolk, and continued his pastorship of St. Andrews Church. He died in Hingham but he left descendants in America, as well as his brother Joseph Peck, who settled in Rehoboth, Massachusetts.
Lamarckism (also called Lamarckian evolution) is a wrong hypothesis regarding evolution. Evolution tries to explain how species change over time. Today, the only widely accepted theory of evolution is that developed from the ideas of Charles Darwin. Lamarckism is named after Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck. He based his ideas, to some extent, on those of Erasmus Darwin, the grandfather of Charles Darwin. Lamarckism says that individuals do not only pass on the things they received from their parents, but also some things they experienced during their lifetime. As an example, he cited giraffes. Giraffes, which have long necks, must have evolved from ancestors with much shorter necks. His idea was that adults needed to stretch their neck to reach leaves from high branches. Therefore, he thought, the children inherited longer necks. This idea is called "the inheritance of acquired characteristics". Although Darwin did not entirely break with these ideas, his characteristic idea of natural selection relates to the individuals's relative survival and success in reproduction. Better adapted forms leave, on average, more offspring. This changes the proportion of alleles in the population. Gregor Mendel discovered some basic rules of heredity. These rules of Mendelian inheritance contradict Lamarck's hypotheses entirely, but are consistent with natural selection. This explains why Lamarck's ideas are no longer regarded as a sound explanation of evolution. Where Lamarck and Darwin do agree is that evolution did take place. Lamarck's theory. The identification of "Lamarckism" with the inheritance of acquired characteristics alone is regarded by some as an over-simplification, rehashed in textbooks repeatedly. Stephen Jay Gould wrote that late 19th century evolutionists "re-read Lamarck, cast aside the guts of it... and elevated one aspect of the mechanics – inheritance of acquired characters – to a central focus it never had for Lamarck himself". He argued that "the restriction of Lamarckism to this relatively small and non-distinctive corner of Lamarck's thought must be labelled as more than a misnomer, and truly a discredit to the memory of a man and his much more comprehensive system". Gould advocated defining "Lamarckism"
Darwinism is a term used to talk about ideas connected to those Charles Darwin had about evolution. The meaning of 'Darwinism' has changed over time, and depends on who uses the term. History. The term was coined by Thomas Henry Huxley in April 1860. He used it to describe evolutionary concepts, including similar ideas such as Malthusianism and Spencerism. In the late 19th century, it came to mean the concept that natural selection was the only mechanism of evolution, in contrast to Lamarckism. Around 1900, Gregor Mendel's work was rediscovered. Today, Darwin and Mendel's ideas have been brought together. The term 'Darwinism' has become associated with the modern evolutionary synthesis.
Istria (Croatian, Slovene: "Istra", Italian: "Istria"), formerly Histria (Latin), is the biggest peninsula in the Adriatic Sea. Census data. Source: Croatian Census - 2001. Slovenian Census - 2002. Italian Census - 1970/2001
Prenatal testing or Prenatal diagnosis are tests done on pregnant women. They are used to test fetuses for birth defects and some genetic disorders.  Prenatal tests can be non-invasive or invasive. Non-invasive tests include things like utrasounds. In invasive tests, a needle is inserted - for example, to get a sample of fluid from the placenta).  Prenatal tests can check for many conditions, like: In some cases, the tests are administered to determine if the parents want to abort the fetus. In some cases, fetal screening has been done to identify things that are not birth defects. For example, in some parts of the world, if an ultrasound shows that a fetus is female, it is sometimes aborted. The rise of designer babies raises a number of ethical and legal issues.
Compulsory sterilization is a term used for laws that force certain groups of people to be sterilized so that they can no longer make babies. Often, this is done against their will, or at a time when they cannot consent. It has also been done for the following reasons: The International Criminal Court considers compulsory sterilization for a "crime against humanity". Transgender persons are often obliged to undergo sterilization for legal rocognition of legal status depite the Principle 3 of the Yogyakarta Principles. By country. United States. In 1907, Indiana passed a law allowing forced sterilization. It was the first in the world. Forced sterilization was legal in the U.S. until 1981. Untils 2013, U.S. prisoners were often sterilized. Women of indigenous people in the U.S. were often sterilized. Most of these cases occurred in the 1960s and 1970s. Sweden. In 1921, the State Institute for Racial Biology opened, at Uppsala University. Between 1935 and 1976, about 58.000 people underwent forced sterilization in Sweden. The Swedish laws did not call this process forced sterilization, but talked about "sterilizations without consent". Doctors were told to dissipate doubts, in relevant cases. This was also the case in other Scandinavian countries. United Kingdom. In the United Kingodm, forced sterilization was used against homosexuals, until the 1950s. Alan Turing was a well-known victim of these laws. The foreign aid programme of the United Kingdom supports a forced sterilization plan in India, for reasons of protection against climate change. Germany. Until the end of the Second Word War. In 1933, Germany passed a law "zur Verhinderung erbkranken Nachwuchses" (this law is called Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring in English). With thia law, about 400.000 people were sterilized, between 1934 and 1945. Those sterilized were not only people who were physicallly disabled, or mentally ill, but also other patients at psychiatric hospital, and
Malthusianism is a set of ideas developed by Reverend Thomas Robert Malthus. Malthus was an economist who lived during the industrial revolution. In 1798, Mathus published a book, called "An Essay on the Principle of Population". In it, he describes his Malthusian growth model. He wrote that the growth of the population is exponential, but the growth of the food supply is only arithmetical. This means if there are no limits to the growth of the population, it will not be possible to produce food for all of them. Malthus was read by Charles Darwin. It showed Darwin that the survival of a species was something which needed explaining. The Tory party had paternalistic ideas such as charity for the poor. Malthus said this would not work, and it would only lead to increased numbers of the poor. The theory was developed into Whig economic ideas such as The Poor Law Amendment Act of 1834. Its opponents described the act as "a Malthusian bill designed to force the poor to emigrate, to work for lower wages, to live on a coarser sort of food". The act brought the construction of workhouses despite riots and arson. By that time the ideas were widespread in progressive social circles. One supporter was the novelist Harriet Martineau who also knew Charles Darwin. The ideas of Malthus were a significant influence on the development of Darwin's ideas. Though Malthusianism has since come to be identified with the issue of general over-population, the original Malthusian concern was more specifically with the fear of over-population by the dependent poor. One of the earliest critics of Malthusian theory was Karl Marx who referred to it. Many people today believe that Malthus was right about human population growth getting out of hand.
Gregory James "Greg" LeMond (born June 26, 1961 in Lakewood, California) is an American road racing cyclist who raced as a professional from 1981 to 1994. He became the first American to win the Tour de France in 1986. In 1987 he was injured in a shooting accident, and could not race again until 1989, when he won the Tour de France again. He beat the French cyclist Laurent Fignon in an individual time trial using aero bars, which made him more aerodynamic (able to move through air easily). He won the Tour de France again in 1990. He now runs a bicycle company, and works to help people who are victims of sexual abuse. He has been diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.  UCI Road World Championships U23 Road Race  Member, United States Olympic Cycling Team Major achievements and accolades. "First year as a professional."  Coors Classic (1st overall; 2 stage wins)  Tour of Oise (1 stage win)  Tour de l'Avenir (1st overall; 3 stage wins)  UCI Road World Championships Road Race (2nd-Silver Medal)  Tour Méditerranéen (2nd overall)  Giro di Lombardia (2nd)  Grand Prix des Nations (2nd)  UCI Road World Championships Road Race (1st - Gold Medal)  Dauphiné Libéré (1st overall; 3 stage wins)  Tour Méditerranéen (Stage 1 win)  Tour de France (3rd overall; 1st young rider, 1st Stage 3 Team Time Trial)  Liège-Bastogne-Liège (3rd)  Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré (3rd overall; Stage 7b win)  Tirreno-Adriatico (5th overall)  UCI Road World Championships Road Race (2nd - Silver Medal)  Coors Classic (1st overall; Stage 5 win)  Tour de France (2nd overall; 2nd points; 1st