ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Katriina Elovirta (15 February 1961 – 19 June 2018) was a Finnish female association footballer. She was a well known international match referee. She served as a referee with FIFA between 1995 to 2003. She also worked as a development manager for the Finnish Football Association until her death. Elovirta died at age 57 after a long illness on 19 June 2018.
Commodore Sir Laurence Whistler Street, AC, KCMG, KStJ, QC (3 July 1926 – 21 June 2018) was an Australian jurist. He was born in Sydney. He served as the fourteenth and second youngest Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales from 1974 to 1988 and Lieutenant-Governor of New South Wales from 1974 to 1989.  Street died on the night of 21 June 2018 in Sydney at the age of 91.
Nahum (Naum) Moiseyevich Korzhavin (; real surname Mandel, ; 14 October 1925 – 22 June 2018) was a Russian-American poet. He was born in Kiev of Jewish descent, He worked and lived in Boston, Massachusetts during most of his career. In 2005 Korzhavin participated in "They Chose Freedom", a four-part television documentary on the history of the Soviet dissident movement. He wrote many memoirs and novels about dissidents. Korzhavin died in Chapel Hill, North Carolina on 22 June 2018 at the age of 92.
Olga Teresa Krzyżanowska (10 September 1929 – 22 June 2018) was a Polish politician. She was born in Warsaw. Krzyżanowska served as a Senator of Poland and a Member of the Sejm from 1989 to 2005.  Krzyżanowska died on 22 June 2018 in Gdansk from respiratory failure at the age of 88.
Richard Joseph Leitsch (May 11, 1935 – June 22, 2018), also known as Richard Valentine Leitsch and more commonly Dick Leitsch, was an American LGBT rights activist. He was born in Louisville, Kentucky. He was president of gay rights group the Mattachine Society in the 1960s. He led many walkouts and sit-ins during protests to support the LGBT community. During the Stonewall riots, Leitsch was the first gay journalist to report on the riot. Lietsch died from liver cancer in Manhattan on June 22, 2018, aged 83.
Geoffrey Oryema (16 April 1953 – 22 June 2018) was a Ugandan-born French musician. Oryema was born in Soroti, Uganda. He was smuggled out of the country and moved to France where his career would be based from. He sang in the languages of his youth, Swahili and Acholi, the languages of the lost country, the 'clear green land' of Uganda, and he also sang in English and French. Oryema died on 22 June 2018 in France of cardiac arrest at the age of 65.
Vincent Paul Abbott (March 11, 1964 – June 22, 2018), also known as Vinnie Paul, was an American heavy metal drummer, guitarist, songwriter and producer. He was born in Abilene, Texas. He was best known for being the former drummer, and co-founder, of the heavy metal band Pantera. He was a member of Hellyeah. He also co-founded the heavy metal band Damageplan in 2003 with his younger brother, Dimebag Darrell. Paul died on June 22, 2018 in Las Vegas, Nevada at the age of 54. It was later revealed that Abbott had died from a "dilated cardiomyopathy and coronary artery disease."
Francisco Waldir Pires de Souza (21 October 1926 – 22 June 2018) was a Brazilian politician. He served as Minister of Defence under President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, before being fired in 2007. From 1987 to 1989, he served as Governor of Bahia. He was born in Acajutiba, Brazil. Pires died on 22 June 2018 in Rio de Janeiro of multiple organ failure at the age of 91.
Koro Tainui Wētere (22 June 1935 – 23 June 2018) was a New Zealand politician. He was an MP from 1969 to 1996, representing the Labour Party. He served as Minister of Māori Affairs from 1984 to 1990. He was a member of the Ngāti Maniapoto tribe. Wētere died in Te Kuiti on 23 June 2018, one day after turning 83.
Nalchik (; Kabardian: //; //) is the capital city of the Kabardino-Balkar Republic, Russia. It is in the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains. In 2010, 240,203 people lived there. It was occupied during World War II from 1942 to 1943 by Romanian troops, and was also the site of a forced labor camp, not far from the nearest valley in the area,known for it's systematic abuses, assaults, and tortures, of Russian citizens, nearly all of them targeted who were not Roman Catholic and/or Eastern Orthodox. It was liberated on a cold winter very early January day.
Innamaadhoo (Dhivehi: އިއްނަމާދޫ) &lt;br&gt; This island is an inhabited island in Raa atoll. Like other islands, this island is made out of sand from corals.  People. The inhabitants are Maldivians and they speak their language, Dhivehi.  Economy. The economy of Innamaadhoo is built on carpentry. So, when you look at the whole country, the most carpenting experts are mostly from Innamaadhoo. From very small fishing boats to giant safari boats are built in this island. Even if wheat was grown few decades back, farming is not a very wide field. If we look at fishing, the islanders used to fish a lot in the 90's. So, putting salt on fish was a very wide field. But now, as the field perished, fishermen and fish-sellers are very less. The reason is believed to be because carpentry gives a lot of money (carpentry is a very good money-maker). In the field of tourism, inhabitants aren't directly contributing. It may be because there is no resort nearby. But diving boats, row boats, and ferries, etc. (needed for resorts) are built a lot here.
Stampa is a former municipality of the district of Maloja in the Swiss canton of Graubünden. On 1 January 2010 the municipalities of Bondo, Castasegna, Soglio, Stampa, and Vicosoprano merged into a new municipality of Bregaglia. Lägh da Cavloc is in the Val Forno.
Ringsted is a city in Denmark with a population of around 20,000. Ringsted is about 60 km from the capital Copenhagen.
Fontvieille is the southernmost ward in the Principality of Monaco. It was developed by an Italian architect, Manfredi Nicoletti, between the 1970s and the 1990s. Fontvieille is twinned with Santa Maria a Monte, Italy, since 1991.
A universal basic income (UBI) or simply basic income is a social program in which all citizens of a population regularly receive a sum of money from the government. A pure or unconditional basic income has no means test, much like Social Security in the United States. Basic income can be implemented nationally, regionally or locally. The idea gained attention in recent years because people fear that technology will make many jobs obsolete in the future. The idea has never been put in place by any country yet, but there have been some experimental trials. In a 2016 survey, 64% of Europeans voted for an UBI. Concept. An UBI is an income for everyone. There would be neither a social administrative means test nor a requirement of willingness to work. On the other hand, tax- and contribution-financed social benefits like unemployment benefit, social assistance or child benefit would no longer apply. The incomes would be: History. The Roman emperor Trajan gave 650 denarii to all common Roman citizens who applied. In the 1516 book "Utopia", Sir Thomas More describes a society in which every person receives a guaranteed income. In 1984, the Basic Income Research Group began researching on basic income. In the 21st century, the idea gained attention because many people fear that artificial intelligence (AI) and automation will make many jobs obsolete in the near future. During the COVID-19 pandemic, a petition in Europe called for an "emergency basic income". It got more than 200,000 signatures. The public opinion was largely positive. Reasons and arguments. Automation. One of the most popular reasons for an UBI is that artificial intelligence (AI) and automation will make many jobs obsolete in the near future. However, people still have to get enough money to live, even when there is no work for them anymore. An UBI could be a good solution for this problem. Better working conditions. Advocates of UBI say that with basic income, unattractive jobs would have to be better paid and their working conditions improved. This is because there is still a need for people who do this kind of work. And if they already get enough money from UBI, there has to
Vladikavkaz (, lit. "ruler of the Caucasus",) formerly known as Ordzhonikidze () and Dzaudzhikau (), is the capital city of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Russia. It is in the southeast of the republic at the foothills of the Caucasus Mountains, on the Terek River. As of 2024, 300,000 people lived there. It is one of the most populous cities in the North Caucasus. The city is an industrial and transportation center. Manufactured products include processed zinc and lead, machinery, chemicals, clothing and food products.
The Didcot, Newbury and Southampton Railway (DNSR) was a cross-country railway running north–south between Didcot, Newbury and Winchester in England.  The line opened in stages between 1882 and 1885. Owing to lack of money, it never reached Southampton, so trains from Winchester to Southampton went by another route. The line closed between 1960 and 1962 and some sections have become cycle routes. There are plans to build a cafe, the "Handlebar Cafe", on the cycle route near Winchester.
Natasha Marian Obama (born June 10, 2001) is the younger daughter of the 44th president of the United States Barack Obama and Michelle Obama. Early life. Natasha Marian Obama was born at University of Chicago Medical Center on June 10, 2001, as the younger of two daughters to Barack Obama and Michelle Obama. She was delivered by her parents' friend and physician Anita Blanchard. Her elder sister is Malia Obama. Obama and her sister were named two of "The Most Influential Teens of 2014" by "TIME" magazine. Career. Obama made her television debut in a 2008 episode of "Access Hollywood".
David Plouffe (; born May 27, 1967) is an American political strategist who helped propel the Barack Obama Presidential campaign to success in the 2008 US Elections where he served as campaign manager.  In 2017, he joined Facebook owner Mark Zuckerberg's wife, Priscilla Chan's charity organization, the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, after leaving Uber as a lead effort and advocacy. Plouffe was born in Wilmington, Delaware to Frances Vincent and James Plouffe.
The duodecimal system (also known as base-12 or dozenal) is a base twelve number system. This means that it has 12 digits to represent numbers, instead of the 10 that decimal uses. In other words, it can represent numbers from zero to eleven with just one digit. Twelve has more factors than any smaller number. As a result, duodecimal is considered better than decimal with fractions. Duodecimal can handle halves, thirds, quarters, and sixths with very simple fractions. Decimal only has very simple fractions for halves and fifths. How to represent 10 and 11 in duodecimal. There are no numerical symbols that represent 10 and 11 in duodecimal, so letters taken from the English alphabet are used, specifically X (from the Roman numeral for ten) and E (from the initial of eleven). Some people use A and B (as ann and bet) as well. Edna Kramer in her 1951 book "The Main Stream of Mathematics" used * and # for 10 and 11. The symbols were chosen because they are available in typewriters and push-button telephones. This article uses ↊ (dec) and ↋ (elf) for 10 and 11.
Alberto Jorge Fouilloux Ahumada (22 November 1940 – 23 June 2018) was a Chilean football midfielder and striker. He earned 70 caps and scored 12 goals for the Chile national team during his career. After retiring as a player Fouilloux went on to become a manager, serving as head coach of Huachipato and Colo-Colo. Fouilloux died on June 23, 2018 aged 77 in Santiago of lung cancer.
Phan Huy Lê (23 February 1934 – 23 June 2018) was a Vietnamese historian. He was born in Lộc Hà district. He was professor of history at the Hanoi National University. Phan was the author of many studies on village society and Vietnamese history in general. He was thought by many as "doyen of Vietnamese historians." He was also director of the Center for Vietnamese and Intercultural Studies at Vietnam National University, Hanoi. Phan died of heart disease on 23 June 2018 in Hanoi, aged 84.
The Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea (국무총리 / 國務總理, "Gungmuchongni") is appointed by the President of South Korea, with the National Assembly's approval. The officeholder is not required to be a member of the National Assembly. The Prime Minister is not the head of government but is similar to that of a vice president. The Sino-Korean word "gungmu" (/) means "state affairs" and "chongni" (/) means "prime minister", "premier" or "chancellor", so the full title in Korean means literally "Prime Minister for State Affairs", but it is not used as official English title. The short title in Korean is just "Chongni".
Lho Shin-yong (Korean: 노신영, 28 February 1930 – 21 October 2019) was a South Korean politician, diplomat and intelligence chief. He served as the 18th Prime Minister, the 18th Foreign Minister and the 12th Director of the Agency of National Security Planning (ANSP, now National Intelligence Service) of the fifth South Korean republic. Lho died in Seoul on 21 October 2019 at the age of 89.
Ana María Francisca Adinolfi (known by her stage name, Violeta Rivas; 4 October 1937 – 23 June 2018) was an Argentine singer and actress. She was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina. She was known for singing in the music program "El Club del Clan". She performed "¡Que Suerte!" in Uruguay, which became her greatest hit. Rivas toured Latin America singing melodic songs. After the 1960s, she continued to perform in other films and to sing other songs such as "Colorado", "El Baile del Ladrillo", "El Cardenal", and others. Rivas died of a stroke in Buenos Aires on 4 October 1937, aged 80.
Pavel Vranský (29 April 1921 – 24 June 2018) was a Czech brigadier general. He was known for serving during the Siege of Tobruk. He is a recipient of the War Cross and Medal of Merit He was born in Lipník nad Bečvou. Vranský died on 24 June 2018 in Lipník, aged 97.
Nitish Kumar (born 1 March 1951) is an Indian politician. He was the chief minister of Bihar from 2015 until 2022. He is the President of Janata Dal (United). He is best known for constantly switching sides between alliances, earning the name 'Paltu Ram' (turncoat).
Francine Fuhara Muyumba (born 18 February 1987) is a Congolese youth leader serving as President of the Pan African Youth Union. In 2011, Muyumba became the first International Student to be elected President of the University of Namibia Student Representative Council. The other International student to have held the position was Joseph Kalimbwe seven years later. In 2017, Muyumba was chosen among the 100 Influential young Africans.
A nickel–zinc battery, abbreviated NiZn, is a type of rechargeable battery. It is similar to the nickel cadmium battery but with a higher voltage of 1.6 V. Large nickel–zinc battery systems have been known for over 100 years. Since 2000, development of a stabilized zinc electrode system has made this technology competitive with other commercially available rechargeable battery systems. Cells in "AA" and "AAA" sizes are available. Nickel–zinc batteries are not as toxic as nickel–cadmium batteries, and they are less of a fire risk than lithium–ion batteries. The energy density is higher than nickel–cadmium, but not quite as high as lithium–ion.
A fire-tube boiler is a type of boiler in which hot gases pass from a fire through many tubes. These run through a sealed container of water. The heat of the gases passes through the walls of the tubes, and this heats the water and creates steam. Most steam locomotives have fire-tube boilers.
A motor–generator is a device for converting electrical power to another form. Motor–generator sets are used to convert frequency, voltage, or phase of power. They may also be used to isolate electrical loads from the electrical power supply line. Large motor–generators were widely used to convert industrial amounts of power while smaller motor–generators were used to convert battery power to higher voltages. Nowadays, motor–generators have largely been replaced by semiconductor devices. Examples include rectifiers for converting alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) and inverters for converting DC to AC.
Kenneth Ian Albiston (11 November 1926 – 20 June 2018) was an Australian rules footballer. He played for Richmond and Melbourne in the VFL. He served in the royal air force during the last years of World War II. He was born in Balwyn, Victoria. Albiston died on 20 June 2018 in Melbourne, Victoria at the age of 91.
Richard Benjamin Harrison Jr. (also known by the nicknames The Old Man and The Appraiser; March 4, 1941 – June 25, 2018) was an American businessman and reality television personality. He was born in Danville, Virginia, but raised in Lexington, North Carolina. He was best known as the co-owner of the World Famous Gold &amp; Silver Pawn Shop, as featured on the History channel series "Pawn Stars". Harrison was usually referred to by his nickname, "The Old Man". Harrison died on June 25, 2018 in Las Vegas, Nevada from Parkinson's disease at the age of 77.
Jamsheed Marker (Hilal-e-Imtiaz) (24 November 1922 – 21 June 2018) was a Pakistani diplomat. He served as Ambassador to the United States serving from 17 September 1986 to 30 June 1989. He was the head of mission during the administrations of Prime Ministers Muhammad Khan Junejo and Benazir Bhutto. He helped negotiate the Soviet military withdrawal from Afghanistan. Marker died on 21 June 2018 in Karachi at the age of 95.
Francesco Forleo (13 November 1941 – 24 June 2018) was an Italian politician and policeman. He served as a Deputy from 1987 to 1994. He was born in Turin. Forleo died of dementia in Genoa on 24 June 2018 at the age of 76.
Siskiyou County ( ) is a county in the northernmost part of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 44,076. The county seat is Yreka. Siskiyou County is in the Cascade Mountains on the Oregon border.
Yreka ( ) is the county seat of Siskiyou County, California, United States. It is near the Shasta River at 2,500 feet (760 m) above sea level and covering about 10.1 sq mi (26 km2) area, of which most is land. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 7,807. In 1941, it was proposed that Yreka were to be the capital city of the proposed Jefferson state, which would be made-up of southern Oregon and northern California.
Baikonur Cosmodrome (; ) is a spaceport in southern Kazakhstan. It is the first and most active space port in the world. It is leased to Russia until 2050, and is managed by Roskosmos and the Russian aerospace forces. It was originally built by the Soviet Union in the late 1950s. There are many commercial, military and scientific rocket launches each year All crewed Russian spaceflights are launched from Baikonur. Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite, was launched from Baikonur in 1957. Vostok 1, the first human spaceflight, was also launched from Baikonur, carrying Yuri Gagarin. The launchpad used for both of these missions was renamed Gagarin's Start.
Proton is an expandable launch vehicle used for both commercial and Russian government launches. It is still in use as of 2018. All Protons are built at Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center, and are then launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome. It can launch around 22.8 tonnes to Low Earth orbit, and it can launch around 6.3 tonnes to Geostationary orbit. It is expected to be retired before 2030. It was originally created as a super heavy Intercontinental ballistic missile. The first Proton rocket was launced in 1965. Proton's design was kept secret until 1986. It launched several sections of the Mir space station, and also launched two modules to the ISS.
The North British Locomotive Company (NBL) was created in 1903 through the merger of three Scottish locomotive manufacturing companies. They were Sharp, Stewart and Company and Neilson, Reid and Company and Dübs and Company. This created the largest locomotive manufacturing company in Europe at the time. The company closed in 1962.
In economics, the term volatility is used to measure how much the price or value of an economic good or service changes over time. Goods or services where the price changes a lot are said to have a "high volatility", those that don't have a "low volatility". The word come from the Latin verb "volare" meaning "to fly". In the securities markets, volatility is often associated with big swings in either direction. For example, when the stock market rises and falls more than one percent over a sustained period of time, it is called a "volatile" market. An asset's volatility is a key factor when pricing options contracts. In statistical terms, volatility is the standard deviation of a market or security’s annualised returns over a given period - essentially the rate at which its price increases or decreases. Historical volatility is calculated using a series of past market prices, while implied volatility looks at expected future volatility, using the market price of a market-traded derivative like an option. Causes of volatility. Market volatility is caused by a host of several factors
Joshua David Hawley (born December 31, 1979) is an American politician. He is the senior United States Senator of Missouri since January 3, 2019. He was the Attorney General of Missouri from 2017 to 2019. He is a member of the Republican Party. He was born in Springdale, Arkansas. Hawley studied at Stanford University and at Yale University. He is a former law clerk to Chief Justice John Roberts of the Supreme Court. In October 2017, Hawley announced his candidacy for U.S. Senate. He defeated Claire McCaskill in the general election in November 2018.
Geoff Case (18 September 1935 – 22 June 2018) was an Australian rules footballer. He played in the Victorian Football League (VFL). He was born in Victoria, Australia. Case was a tough midfielder and played his 122 VFL games for Melbourne, which included the 1955, 1957, 1959 and 1960 winning grand finals. He also represented the VFL, but retired at the relatively young age of just twenty-six in 1962. Case died on 22 June 2018 in Melbourne at the age of 82.
Deanna Lund (May 30, 1937 – June 22, 2018) was an American actress. She was born in Oak Park, Illinois. Lund was best known for her role in the Irwin Allen television series "Land of the Giants", where she played the character of Valerie Ames Scott. Lund died on June 22, 2018 at her home in Century City, California of pancreatic cancer, aged 81.
Constance Adams (16 July, 1964 – 25 June, 2018) was an American space architect. She worked in the space program. In the late 1990s she was employed by Lockheed Martin Space Operations, to support the NASA’s Mars exploration research efforts at the Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas. Among other projects, Adams was involved in developing the Lockheed-Martin design of an inflatable module for the International Space Station. Adams died of colorectal cancer in Houston on June 25, 2018, aged 53.
Anthony Steven Evers (born November 5, 1951) is an American politician and educator. He is the 46th and current Governor of Wisconsin. He was elected Governor on November 6, 2018, defeating Scott Walker. Before becoming Governor, he served as the 26th Superintendent of Public Instruction of Wisconsin from 2009 to 2019. Evers serves as President of the Council of Chief State School Officers and was Wisconsin's Deputy Superintendent of Public Instruction from 2001 to 2009.  Evers was the Democratic nominee for Governor of Wisconsin in the 2018 gubernatorial election. His running mate is community organizer Mandela Barnes. Evers won the election by 1%. Evers was re-elected governor in 2022, defeating businessman Tim Michels. Evers had esophageal cancer before undergoing intensive surgery in 2008.