ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
The arrondissement of Saint-Étienne is an arrondissement of France. It is part of the Loire "département", Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. Its capital, and the prefecture of the department, is the city of Saint-Étienne. History. When the Loire department was created in 1793, the "arrondissement" of Saint-Étienne was part of that original department. Geography. The "arrondissement" of Saint-Étienne is bordered to the north and northeast by the Rhône department, to the east by the Isère department, to the southeast by the Ardèche department, to the southwest by the Haute-Loire department, and to the northwest by the "arrondissement" of Montbrison. It is the most southern "arrondissement" of the department and the smallest with an area of , but the one with more people living in it with a population of 411,402 inhabitants and a density of inhabitants/km². Composition. Cantons. After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". In the "arrondissement" of Saint-Étienne there are 12 cantons: Communes. The "arrondissement" of Saint-Étienne has 75 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes): The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are:
Eve Poole (December 29, 1924 - December 26, 1992) was a New Zealand politician of Jewish descent. Biography. She was born in Germany and fled with her family to Mandatory Palestine in 1932. During the war she served in the British army. She married a New Zealand tank commander and after the war she moved to New Zealand.  Being trained in theatre skills in Israel, she was teaching drama in New Zealand. She went into local politics by becoming a councillor in Invercargill in 1971, and a deputy mayor in 1974. She was mayor of this city on the very southern point of South Island from 1983 to 1992. As a politician she was promoting culture. She was also a member of several cultural institutions.  She died at the age of 67 in Dunedin.
Sino-Japanese vocabulary, Chinese-based Japanese words, or kango (kanji: 漢語, hiragana: かんご), are Chinese loanwords in the Japanese language. The two languages are unrelated to each other, since Chinese is a Sino-Tibetan language while Japanese is a language isolate (meaning that no known languages are related to it). However, Chinese has had a major influence on Japanese and has affected many parts of it, including its phonology (how it organizes sounds) and its vocabulary. Including Chinese words into Japanese lead to allowing words to have closed syllables (syllables ending in a consonant), like the words "san" (kanji: 三, hiragana: さん, meaning: three) and "udon" (kanji:饂飩, hiragana: うどん) and for words to have long vowels and long consonants, like "nō" (kanji:能, hiragana: のう) and "gakkō" (kanji: 学校, hiragana: がっこう). Before Chinese words came into the Japanese language syllables in Japanese words only had open syllables (words that end in a vowel) like "katana" (kanji:刀, hiragana: かたな) and "shinobi" (kanji and hiragana: 忍び, hiragana only: しのび). It is one of the three main sources of Japanese words, along with "yamato kotoba" (kanji: 大和言葉, hiragana: やまとことば), also known as "wago" (kanji: 和語, hiragana: わご), or native Japanese words, and "gairaigo" (kanji: 外来語, hiragana: がいらいご), or loanwords borrowed from languages other than Chinese (especially English since the post-WWII era). Chinese
Domleschg is a new municipality of the district Hinterrhein in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. On 1 January 2015, the former municipalities of Almens, Paspels, Pratval, Rodels and Tomils merged into the new municipality of Domleschg.
Venkatraman "Venki" Ramakrishnan (born 1952) is an Indian-born-American-British structural biologist. He received the 2009 Nobel Prize in Chemistry together with Thomas A. Steitz and Ada E. Yonath for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome. He was born in Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India.
was a Japanese chemist. He was best known for his discovery of the Negishi coupling. He was awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for palladium catalyzed cross couplings in organic synthesis" together with Richard F. Heck and Akira Suzuki. Negishi died in Indianapolis, Indiana on June 6, 2021 at the age of 85.
Muntaka Connmassie, CON (10 February 1946 – 12 October 2017) was a Nigerian judge. He was born in Kaduna State, Nigeria. He served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Nigeria from 2008 through 2016. Before to joining the Supreme Court of Nigeria in 2008, he was a Judge at the Court of Appeal, serving in Port Harcourt, Jos, Abuja, Ilorin, and Benin divisions. Connmassie died on 12 October 2017 in Abuja, Nigeria at the age of 71.
Edward Bonfoy Giller (July 8, 1918 – October 1, 2017) was an American Air Force (USAF) Major General. He was the assistant general manager for military application, United States Atomic Energy Commission, Germantown, Maryland. He was born in Jacksonville, Illinois Giller was assistant director and then director of the Research Directorate for the Air Force Special Weapons Center at Kirtland Air Force Base in the 1950s and 60s. Giller died in Bernalillo, New Mexico on October 1, 2017 of pneumonia complicated by Alzheimer's disease at the age of 99.
Montbrison is a French commune, a "subprefecture" in the Loire department in central France. It is in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. It is also the capital of the "arrondissement" of Montbrison. Geography. The "commune" of Montbrison is in the centre of the Loire department and has an area of . The average altitude is and the city hall is an altitude of . The distances from Montbrison to other cities are: The "commune" of Montbrison is surrounded by the "communes": Two small rivers flow through the "commune": Climate. The climate of Montbrison, in the Köppen climate classification, is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers. Population. The inhabitants of this city are known, in French, as "Montbrisonnais" (women: "Montbrisonnaises"). With a population of 15,689, Montbrison has a population density of inhabitants/km2. Evolution of the population in Montbrison Montbrison forms, with other 5 "communes", the urban area of Montbrison with a population of 23,329 inhabitants (2014) and an area of . This urban area is the centre of the metropolitan area of Montbrison, formed by 13 "communes" with a population of 27,829 inhabitants (2014) and an area of . Administration. Montbrison is a subprefecture of the Loire department, the capital of the "arrondissement" of Montbrison and the administrative centre () of the canton of Montbrison, with 40,780 inhabitants . It is part of the intercommunality "Loire Forez" (). Twinned and partner towns. Montbrison is twinned with:
William James Lombardy (December 4, 1937 – October 13, 2017) was an American chess grandmaster, chess writer, teacher, and a former Catholic priest.  Lombardy was one of the leading American chess players during the 1950s and 1960s, and a contemporary of Bobby Fischer, whom he coached from the time Fischer was age 11½ through the World Chess Championship 1972. Lombardy led the U.S. Student Team to Gold in the 1960 World Student Team Championship in Leningrad. He was the only World Junior Champion to win with a perfect score.
Bo Erik Holmström (18 October 1938 – 13 October 2017) was a Swedish journalist, reporter and author. He worked as a reporter both for SVT and TV4. He was the Swedish reporter covering the Norrmalmstorg robbery in 1973 and the West German Embassy siege in 1975. In 2007 he was awarded the Stora journalistpriset for his journalism work. In 2015 he was awarded an honorary Kristallen at the Kristallen awards.  In 2016, gangrene in his leg led to its amputation. He spent his last year at a nursing home in Vagnhärad and died on 13 October 2017.
Ylva Anna Maria Lindh (19 June 1957 – 11 September 2003) was a Swedish Social Democratic politician, chairman of the Social Democratic Youth League from 1984 to 1990 and a member of parliament from 1982 to 1985 and 1998 to 2003. Career. Joining the government as minister of environment in 1994, she was elevated to minister for foreign affairs by prime minister Göran Persson in 1998 and considered his successor as party chairman and prime minister (neither of which posts had ever been held by a woman) before her assassination in September 2003. Death. Lindh was stabbed in Stockholm on the afternoon of 10 September. She died in a next day at age of 46. Just after 16:00, she was attacked while shopping in the ladies' section of the Nordiska Kompaniet department store in central Stockholm by stabbing her in the chest, abdomen and arms. At the time of the attack, Lindh was not protected by bodyguards from the Swedish Security Service.
Satish Chandra (20 November 1922 – 13 October 2017) was an Indian historian whose main area of specialisation was medieval Indian history. Chandra has been described as of India's leading scholars of the Moghul period and as one of India's most influential historians. His book, "Medieval India", has been widely used as a textbook in schools and colleges around India.
William Warren Bush (born November 7, 1935) is an American actor, usually credited as Billy "Green" Bush and sometimes as Billy Greenbush. His movie roles include "The Savage Seven" (1968), "Five Easy Pieces" (1970), "Monte Walsh" (1970), "The Jesus Trip" (1971), "The Organization" (1971), "Welcome Home, Soldier Boys" (1972), "The Culpepper Cattle Co." (1972), "40 Carats" (1973), "Electra Glide in Blue" (1973), "Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore" (1974), "Mackintosh and T.J." (1975), "The Call of the Wild" (1976), "The Beasts Are on the Streets" (1978), "The Jericho Mile" (1979), "Tom Horn" (1980), "The River" (1984), "The Hitcher" (1986), "Critters" (1986), "Rampage" (1987) and "" (1993).
Willi "Ille" Gerdau (February 12, 1929 in Heide – February 11, 2011 in Uetersen) was a German footballer. Gerdau was a midfielder, who played for Heider SV. He participated in the 1956 Summer Olympics in Australia, and also in the national football team of West Germany in 1957. Willi Gerdau died the day before his 82th birthday.
The traditional music of Africa, given the vastness of the continent, is historically ancient, rich and diverse, with different regions and nations of Africa having many distinct musical traditions. Music in Africa is very important when it comes to religion. Songs and music are used in rituals and religious ceremonies, to pass down stories from generation to generation, as well as to sing and dance to. Afropop. Afropop is a term sometimes used to describe contemporary African pop music. Characterized by a mixture of dances and sounds between American pop music and African music, Afropop does not refer to a specific style or musical sound, but the word is used as a general term for popular music. African.
The President of the Republic of Liberia is the head of state and government of Liberia. The president serves as the leader of the executive branch and as commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of Liberia. The current President is Joseph Boakai since January 22, 2024. History. Between 1847 and 1980, the presidency was exclusively held by Americo-Liberians, the original American settlers of Liberia and their descendants. The original two-party system, with the Republican Party and the True Whig Party, ended in 1878, when the election of Anthony W. Gardiner marked the beginning of 102 years of single-party rule by the True Whigs. Under the 1986 Constitution, the president is directly elected by eligible voters to a six-year term, which may be renewed once. Overall, 22 individuals have served as president. On January 22, 2018, George Weah was sworn in as the twenty-fifth and current president. Terms. Under the original 1847 Constitution, the president was elected to a two-year term, which was increased to four years on May 7, 1907. Under this amendment, a new president would serve for eight years and could be re-elected to unlimited four-year terms. Currently, the president is elected by popular vote to a six-year term and is limited to two terms. Eligibility. To be eligible for office under the current Constitution, a presidential candidate must:
General elections were held in Liberia on 10 October 2017, electing the President and House of Representatives. No candidate won a majority in the first round of the presidential vote, so a run-off was held. The elections are overseen by the National Elections Commission (NEC). The run-off was held on 26 December. George Weah won the election with 62% of the vote. Candidates. Incumbent President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, in office since 2006, is constitutionally barred from running for a third term; the election will thus choose her successor.
Joseph Nyumah Boakai, Sr. (born 30 November 1944) is a Liberian politician who is the 26th President of Liberia since 2024. He was the Vice President of Liberia from 2006 until 2018, serving under President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf. In 2016, Boakai announced his intention to run for the Liberian presidency in the 2017 general election. He is viewed by many as a safe and uncorrupt candidate. He faced Senator and football star George Weah in the second round, but lost the round to Weah. Boakai ran for president again in 2023 facing Weah again in a rematch, this time narrowly winning.
A handjob is the sexual stimulation of a penis by another person's hands. It is similar to male masturbation but is done by someone else instead of by one's self. It is usually done by lightly grabbing the middle of the penis with one hand and while grabbing slightly above from the middle towards the testicles, repeatedly stroking the penis until the male reaches orgasm. Stimulation of the scrotum may also be accompanied, such as placing both the index and rude finger against the males testicles then placing your little finger on the tip of his foreskin. It is like fingering which is the sexual stimulation of a female's vulva using the fingers. Handjobs are very common in sexual intercourse (the act of breeding two humans or animals together to form life).
Malix was a municipality of the district of Plessur of the Swiss canton of Graubünden. On 1 January 2010, the former municipalities of Malix and Parpan merged into the municipality of Churwalden.
A ventilator is a machine which artificially moves air in and out of the lungs of a patient in order to help them breathe if that patient cannot breathe properly on their own. Some ventilators can also be used in order give patients anesthesia and can be part of an anesthetic machine. How do they work. There are different types of ventilators. They can vary or work differently, but they all help pump air into and out of the lungs using pressure. Manual resuscitators. Some types of ventilators require someone else to make them work by hand and help the patient breathe for a short period of time. These are called manual resuscitators. Bag-valve masks (BMVs) have an oxygen mask which covers the nose and mouth of the patient, a one-way valve attached between the mask and the bag which filters the moving air and prevents the air to be breathed back into the bag, and an inflatable bag which holds the air in and is squeezed by hand. An operator squeezes the bag which forces air into the patient's lungs, and as the hand releases the bag is the patient breathes out into the outer environment and the bag refills itself with outside air. The bag is squeezed and released by hand repeatedly in order to keep the patient breathing. Amnesia bags is another type of manual resuscitator in which the bag does not refill itself with air as the patient is breathing. Instead, the bag is filled with air or gas beforehand and the bag is either squeezed by hand or the patient can inhale the air or gas inside the bag if they can breathe on their own. Mechanical ventilators. Mechanical ventilators work by themselves without manual operation and are usually controlled by computers, and can be powered by either electricity connected to a wall outlet or battery, or pneumatics without the use of electricity. The air can be moved in and out of the patient by attaching an oxygen mask on the patient or by connecting the ventilator to a breathing tube inserted into the nostrils, the larynx or the trachea. They are used to help the patient breathe for a long period of time. Positive pressure ventilators work by blowing air from the outside or from an oxygen tank or air tank
The Killing of a Sacred Deer is a 2017 psychological thriller and horror movie. The movie was directed by Yorgos Lanthimos. It tells the story of a surgeon having a familial bond with an evil and sinister teenage boy. The results are disastrous. Lanthimos and Efthymis Filippou won a Best Screenplay award at the Cannes Film Festival. Reception. The movie has an 84 out of 100 percent scale rating from the Metacritic, representing high marks. Rotten Tomatoes has rated the movie at 80%, meaning "Fresh". Release. The movie will be released on October 20 and 27 for the United States.
Kim Isabel Fredrika Wall, (23 March 1987 - 10 August 2017) was a Swedish journalist. She worked mostly in other countries and was murdered during work, writing a report about Peter Madsen and his submarine UC3 Nautilus in Køge Bugt Denmark. At the time of her death she lived in Gislöv in Trelleborg. After school she continued her studies at Lunds University in Sweden. In 2011 she graduated in studies of international relations at London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE). During her years of studies she also studied at Beijing University. She also graduated from studies in international affairs from Columbia University in New York, there she also studied journalism. During her time as a freelance journalist her work was published in "The Guardian", "New York Times", "Harper's Magazine", "Vice", "Slate". And for her work at Exodus in writing the reportage on nuclear tests and climate changes at the Marshall Islands she in 2016 was awarded the Hansel Meith award for Best Digital reportage. In April 2018 Madsen was found guilty of killing Kim Wall and sentenced to prison for the rest of his life.
The 2016 United States presidential election in Maine was held on 8 November 2016. It was part of the 2016 United States presidential election, in which all other states plus the District of Columbia voted. Presidential. Polling. Below is a table with the polling results in Maine. Maine as a whole has voted Democrat in the general election since 1992. Caucuses. Democratic. The Democratic caucus occurred on 6 March 2016. Republican. The Republican caucus occurred on 5 March 2016.
The Tagus ( ; ; ; Ancient Greek: Τάγος "Tagos") is the longest river in the Iberian Peninsula.  Geography. It is long, in Spain and in Portugal. For it forms the border between Portugal and Spain. The river flows into the Atlantic Ocean near Lisbon.  It drains an area of (the second largest in the Iberian peninsula after the Douro). The Tagus is highly utilized for most of its course. Several dams and diversions supply drinking water to most of central Spain, including Madrid, and Portugal, while dozens of hydroelectric stations create power.  Between dams it follows a very constricted course, but after Almourol it enters a vast alluvial valley prone to flooding. At its mouth is a large estuary on which the port city of Lisbon is situated. The source of the Tagus is the Fuente de García, in the Frías de Albarracín municipal term, Montes Universales, Sistema Ibérico, Sierra de Albarracín Comarca. All its major tributaries enter the Tagus from the right (north) bank. The main cities it passes through are Aranjuez, Toledo, Talavera de la Reina and Alcántara in Spain, and Abrantes, Santarém, Almada and Lisbon in Portugal.
An automated external defibrillator is a special type of defibrillator which can be used by people without medical education. A defibrillator is used to treat certain kinds of heart problems using controlled electric shocks. Almost all heart problems are medical emergencies. For each minute, that such a heart problem is left untreated, the chance of survival drops by about ten percent. Even if they are alerted immediately, emergency teams take some time to arrive. For this reason automated external defibrillators have been placed in locations where they are easily accessible, such as airports, and railway stations. In many cases, using such a defibrillator will alert emergency services. Very often, the defibrillator will guide the person helping through its use. In some countries such as the United Kingdom, regional public ambulance services provide lists for people to show where all the publicly accessible defibrillators are located in their region (East of England Ambulance Services Trust for example). In some open public locations, defibrillators are secured in special cases which need a code to open them (see the example on the right). When you call for an ambulance, you tell the operator the location code on the case, and they give you the code to unlock it to get the defibrillator out. Studies where conducted to see the survival rates of cardiac arrest. They showed that when public access defibrillators were used, the patient had a median chance of survival of forty percent. When operated by non-dispatched lay first responders they have the highest likelihood of leading to survival.
Commodity substitution bias is a problem with the calculation to find the change in an item's price change over time.  It occurs when a new item which costs less is purchased instead of an item that was already available. This problem occurs because the CPI ( Consumer Price Index) is calculated from a "fixed basket" of goods and services. The CPI ignores the substitution of the inexpensive item for the expensive item. So CPI says the price of the expensive item had increased.
Sasha Clements (born March 14, 1990) is a Canadian actress. She was born in Toronto, Ontario. She grew up in Toronto. Cuthbert played Kiki Kincaid in "Majority Rules!". She starred as the title character in "The Snow Queen". She played one of the main characters in the sitcom "Open Heart".
Lekh Tandon (13 February 1929 – 15 October 2017) was an Indian actor and movie director. His best known directorial works were "Professor", "Prince", "Ek Baar Kaho" and "Agar Tum Na Hote". In the 2000s, he began his acting career with movies such as "Swades", "Rang De Basanti", "Chennai Express", and "Chaarfutiya Chhokare". He shared the 1978 Filmfare Best Screenplay Award for his movie, "Dulhan Wahi Jo Piya Man Bhaye", with Vrajendra Gaur and Madhusudan Kalekar.
Wolfgang Bötsch (8 September 1938 – 14 October 2017) was a German politician. He was born in Bad Kreuznach. He was a representative of the Christian Social Union of Bavaria. Between 1974 and 1976 he represented the Landtag of Bavaria. From 1976 to 2005 he was a member of the Bundestag, and between 1993 and 1997 he was the last Minister of Post and Telecommunications.  Bötsch died on 14 October 2017 in Würzburg, Germany at the age of 79.
The Rhins or Reins is a river in central France in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. It is a right tributary of the Loire river. Geography. The Rhins river has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of . Course. The Rhins starts in the "Monts du Beaujolais", in the "commune" of Ranchal, (Rhône department), at an altitude of about . From here, the Rhins flows first to the south, then to the west and ends flowing to the northwest. The Rhins river flows within the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, 2 departments and 21 "communes". It flows through the following "communes", among others: Finally, it flows into the Loire river in the "commune" of Roanne. Main tributaries. The main tributaries of the Rhins river are: Left tributaries: Right tributaries: Hydrology. Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is at Saint-Cyr-de-Favières in the Loire department, for the period 1969 - 2017. The Rhins is a very irregular small river; it shows typical seasonal changes. The highest levels of the river are in winter and spring, from November to May inclusive, with the highest level in February. They are followed by a rapid fall in the flow during the low water period that goes from late June to early October.