ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Absorption spectroscopy is a technique used to find out what makes up a sample of a substance – in other words, a chemical analysis. When a full spectrum of light (light with all the colours, like light from the sun) passes through the sample (which is often a gas) some specific colours do not show up on the other side. These colours of light are being absorbed by the sample. An image is created of the spectrum of light with black breaks where the light has been absorbed. These breaks are called absorption lines, and every element has its characteristic pattern of absorption lines. On an atomic scale, this happens because of the electrons in the atoms of the sample - an electron can absorb light to gain energy. From experiments, electrons only ever absorb certain amounts of energy, suggesting an electron's energy must fit onto set, quantised, discrete "energy levels". The process of an electron going to a higher energy level is called "excitation". For any atom of a particular element, the energy needed to excite an electron from one specific energy level to another will be the same. This is important because it allows us to compare the absorption lines of say, the atmosphere of a far away planet, to the absorption lines of elements we know to exist in a lab. We can then reach a conclusion about what the distant planet's atmosphere may be made of. The missing colours give us information about the energy of the photons that cause excitation. Note that the energy gained by the excited electron is equal to the energy of the incident photon (a particle of light), so only photons with fitting energies will cause an excitation. The energy of a photon is proportional to its frequency:" " formula_1 Where "E" is the energy of a photon, "h" is Planck's constant (a constant is a set number that doesn't change) and "f" is the frequency of the photon. Since a colour can be described as a specific frequency of light, this is why the black breaks can be used to identify element(s) which the light is passing through. The intensity of the absorption varies as a function of frequency, and this variation is the absorption spectrum. In chemistry, the technique is used to detect
"This is about the sportsman. For the North Korean politician, see Kim Jong-nam." Kim Jung-Nam (, Hanja: 金正男, born January 28, 1943) is a South Korean association football player. He was a member of the Korean national team, including the 1964 Summer Olympics. He was a K-League manager; and he served as K-League Vice President.
is a Japanese football player. Club career statistics. 3||0||1||0||0||0||1||0||5||0 3||0||1||0||0||0||1||0||5||0
Takefumi Toma (born 21 March 1989) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Kashima Antlers. Club career statistics. 0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0 0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0
is a Japanese professional athlete. He is best known as a Association football or soccer player. Club career statistics. 95||8||2||1||97||9 95||8||2||1||97||9
Atsushi Ichimura (born 18 November 1984) is a Japanese professional athlete. He is best known as a Association football or soccer player. Club career statistics. 198||8||10||1||208||9 198||8||10||1||208||9
is a Japanese professional athlete. He is best known as a Association football or soccer player. Club career statistics. 116||7||5||0||0||0||121||7 116||7||5||0||0||0||121||7
Snowy River National Park is a national park in Victoria (Australia), 323 km east of Melbourne. The park includes much of the Snowy River. A lot of the park is a protected wilderness area, with no access for vehicles. The park in the Little River Gorge area, has one of the last natural habitats for the endangered Brush-tailed Rock Wallaby. Numbers for this species are estimated as extremely small, with the rugged terrain making it difficult to count the population. Over 250 species have been found in the park, 29 are rare or threatened in Victoria. These include the Long-footed Potoroo, Spotted Quoll (Tiger Quoll), Giant Burrowing Frog and Eastern She-oak Skink. Little River Gorge. Little River Gorge is Victoria's deepest gorge. The Little River drops 610 metres from the Wulgulmerang plateau over a distance 14 km to where it joins the Snowy River at a height of 122 metres above sea level. McKillops Bridge. McKillops Road is the northern park boundary, with the Alpine National Park to the north of the road. The road is not suitable for caravans, trailers and large trucks because it is steep and winding. At McKillops Bridge the road which crosses the Snowy River near its junction with the Deddick River. A camping site near McKillops Bridge has excellent spots for swimming. It is also a good place to begin canoe and raft trips through the rugged gorges downstream. It is the start for the 18km Silver Mine Walking Track and the short Snowy River Trail.
The croissant is a type of bread shaped like a crescent moon. It is usually eaten for breakfast in various countries. It can be called a crescent or a crescent roll. Although a crescent roll may be smaller. It is made of a variant of puff pastry. A croissant can be eaten with savory or sweet fillings. This was first invented in France. History. Breads shaped like crescents have been around since the Medieval times. Before the croissant, there was a version of the croissant called a "feteer meshaltet". It came from Egypt. Many years later, a crescent-shaped version of feteer meshaltet was made. It was called "feteer halali" (crescent feteer). The feteer halali became popular throughout Europe, especially France. Later, feteer halali became known as a croissant.  Croissants used to be only available to aristocrats. Marie Antoinette is believed to have introduced it to the French elites. Now they are available in many supermarkets.
Suguru Hino (born 29 July 1982) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Tokushima Vortis. Club career statistics. 76||0||6||0||3||0||85||0 76||0||6||0||3||0||85||0
Grizzly Rage is a Syfy (used to be called The Sci-Fi Channel) television movie. Plot summary. Four high school friends go to the woods to celebrate their graduation. When they break into a part of the woods that is closed, they hit and kill a grizzly cub with their car. Now the mother of the cub tries to attack and kill the four teenagers. DVD. The movie is widescreen, has a Dolby Digital English 5.1 stereo track, and has no extras. Reception. David Johnson, of DVD Verdict, said that there are better ways to spend your time instead of watching this movie. Paul Mavis, of DVD Talk, said that the movie fulfills none of the requirements of a bear attack exploitationer. A Bloody Disgusting review says that the movie is a pretty silly but satisfying flick.
In human, trapezius muscle or trapezius is a large muscle that extends longitudinally on the upper portion of a human spine. Its functions are to move the scapulae and support the arm. The trapezius has three functional regions: the superior region, which supports the weight of the arm; the intermediate region, which retracts the scapulae; and the inferior region, which rotates and depresses the scapulae. Exercising. The upper portion of the trapezius can be developed by elevating the shoulders. Middle fibers are developed by pulling shoulder blades together. The lower part can be developed by drawing the shoulder blades downward while keeping the arms almost straight and stiff.
William of Ockham was a Franciscan friar who lived in the 14th century. He was born around 1285, in Ockham, Surrey, England, and died on 9 April 1347 in Munich. He was a scholastic philosopher and theologian. He is most famous for inventing Occam's razor. He wrote about logic, epistemology, natural philosophy, political philosophy, metaphysics and ethics.  William of Ockham went to school at the University of Oxford, where he studied theology. After he graduated, he became a teacher of philosophy at the school. However, the Church did not like the ideas he was teaching, and brought him to court on charges of heresy in 1327. Because he was afraid he would be executed, William of Ockham fled the school and spent the rest of his life living with a group of friars who also did not like the large power that the Church had.
The palm cockatoo (binomial name Probosciger aterrimus) (also known as the goliath cockatoo) is a black or dark-gray parrot of the cockatoo family.  In the wild, it eats nuts and palm tree fruit by cracking them open with its strong and curved beak. In captivity, people feed palm cockatoos a variety of fruits, vegetables, and nuts. Palm cockatoos are native to Cape York Peninsula in northern Australia, the Aru Islands, Papua New Guinea, and other surrounding smaller islands. Palm cockatoo are common in these places, but scientists believe they are becoming less common because people are using their habitat for mining. They are intelligent and can be kept as pets.
Sterling Knight (born March 5, 1989) in Houston, Texas. is an American actor, and singer. He is in "Sonny With a Chance" as Chad Dylan Cooper. He also in plays Christopher Wilde in "Starstruck". He will be playing Ty Parker in the upcoming movie "Elle: A Modern Cinderella Tale". Personal life. Sterling Knight was born in Houston, Texas. He has a younger sister, Samantha Scarlett, and a younger brother, Spencer Shuga. He lived in Texas before moving to Los Angeles, California to keep going with his acting career. Knight had acted in many Houston theater plays like "On Golden Pond", "Lost in Yonkers", "Bye Bye Birdie" and "Mad Adventures of Mr. Toad.".
Robert Kiprono Cheruiyot (born 1988) is a Kenyan marathon runner. Cheruiyot was the winner of the 2010 Boston Marathon, setting a course record. He finished fifth in the 2009 Boston Marathon. He won the 2008 Frankfurt Marathon, setting a course record, and finished second in the 2009 Frankfurt Marathon. Cheruiyot is not related to countryman and fellow marathon runner Robert Kipkoech Cheruiyot, although their similar names are often mentioned in press articles. Robert Kiprono Cheruiyot broke Robert Kipkoech Cheruiyot's course record when he won the Boston Marathon in 2010.
Bellatrix Lestrange (née Bellatrix Black) is a fictional character of the "Harry Potter" series and is the sister of Narcissa Malfoy, the wife of Lucius Malfoy, and Draco Malfoy's aunt. Her parents are Cygnus Black III and Druella Black (née Rosier) and the eldest of three sisters: Bellatrix, Andromeda and Narcissa. She is an enthusiastic Death Eater who believes that Lord Voldemort is the supreme and everyone should follow him. She marries Rodolphus Lestrange, but it was Voldemort that she truly loved. In the Harry Potter movies she was played by Helena Bonham Carter. She has been to Azkaban, the wizard prison, but Lord Voldemort helped her and the other Death Eaters in Azkaban escape. She murdered many well-loved characters, such as Dobby, (a house-elf), Sirius Black, and Nymphadora Tonks, but she is ultimately killed by Molly Weasley at the end of book 7 when she attempts to kill Ginny Weasley with the killing curse Avada Kedavra. But her infamous legacy lived on through her illegitimate daughter, Delphini, who was born due to Bellatrix's relationship with Lord Voldemort. Her name literally means "female warrior" in Latin, which is a nod to her aggressive behavior. Her surname Lestrange is a French variant of "strange", a perfect description of her strange personality and her maiden name Black is also a telltale about her dark life, as the color itself doesn't absorb light at all.
Long Wittenham is a village on the south bank of the River Thames in South Oxfordshire. In 1974 it came from Berkshire to the county of Oxfordshire. History. There are crop marks (dating from the 6th Century) that there must have been a large collection of buildings, maybe a royal palace or at least high status Saxon enclosure. The number of objects that were found in Saxon burial sites around the village support this. These large, Saxon burial sites also indicate a good sized population, that lasted over many years. The village was mentioned in the Domesday Book. By Tudor times, it had a population of around 200, with crops: wheat, oats, barley and even rye. Following a local legend Oliver Cromwell addressed the villagers on his way to his niece's wedding, in neighbouring Little Wittenham. Buildings. The village Cross has First Millennial origins: the base dating from the 7th century. St. Birinus preached here when he brought Christianity to the area. The Church of England parish church of Saint Mary, begun around 1120, is on the site of a previous Saxon church. Cruck Cottage can be architecturally dated to being around 800 years old and as such is (possibly) the oldest house in South Oxfordshire. The building housing Pendon Museum, originally started life as The Three Poplars - a working man's pub. It was sold in 1954 and now houses a model railway museum. Location. Long Wittenham is in the Thames Valley north of Didcot, and southeast of Abingdon. To the west is the village of Appleford, which has the nearest railway station, on the line between Didcot and Oxford.
is a former Japanese football player. Club career statistics. 77||8||0||0||16||3||93||11 77||8||0||0||16||3||93||11
Sun Xiang (born 15 January 1982) is a Chinese football player. He plays for Guangzhou Evergrande and China PR national team. Club career statistics. 136||13 5||0 19||2 150||15 International career statistics. !Total||49||4
Manuel Pablo (born 25 January 1976) is a Spanish football player. He plays for Deportivo La Coruña. Club career statistics. 310||4482 310||2 International career statistics. !Total||13||2862
Shogo Shiozawa (born 9 September 1982) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Sagawa Printing. Club career statistics. 104||25||4||0||108||25 104||25||4||0||108||25
Aldo Duscher (born 24 March 1979) is an Argentine football player. He plays for Sevilla. Club career statistics. 31||1 55||6 218||5 304||12 International career statistics. !Total||3||0
Álvaro Arbeloa Coca (born 17 January 1983) is a retired Spanish footballer player. He has played for Real Madrid, Liverpool, and the Spanish national team. International career statistics. !Total||56||0 Honours. Liverpool Real Madrid Spain
Wilson Carlos Mano (born 23 May 1964) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for Brazil national team. He played for Corinthians for seven years, but not always a starter. But never declined an opportunity to enter the field, especially for its versatility. Originally a steering wheel, played on both sides, in the core of defense after the half and attack. All wore shirts possible, except for the number 1, the goalkeeper. Such dedication to the club earned him a reward: even getting several departures from the bank, Mano Wilson became the 15th player Corinthians with more games played, with 408 matches. Club career statistics. 143||11 143||11 International career statistics. !Total||1||0
Tomoya Osawa (born 22 October 1984) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Sagawa Shiga. Club career statistics. 95||16||2||0||0||0||97||16 95||16||2||0||0||0||97||16
Francismar Carioca de Oliveira (born 18 April 1984) is a Brazilian football player. He plays for Atlético Goianiense. Club career statistics. 4||0||0||0||1||0||5||0 4||0||0||0||1||0||5||0
Blerim Džemaili (born 12 April 1986) is a Swiss football player. He plays for Parma and Switzerland national team. Club career statistics. 111||9 0||0 30||0 141||9 International career statistics. !Total||10||0
Dominique Rocheteau (born 14 January 1955) is a former French football player. He has played for France national team. Honours. Saint-Étienne Paris Saint-Germain France
Pablo Mastroeni (born August 29, 1976) is an American soccer coach and former player who is the head coach of Major League Soccer club Real Salt Lake. Club career statistics. Playing statistics. 257||4 257||4 International career statistics. !Total||64||0
José Nasazzi Yarza (24 March 1901 – 17 June 1968) is a former Uruguayan football player. He has played for Uruguay national team. He is considered one of the best South-American defenders of all time and the best in Uruguayan football. Nasazzi was characterized by being a strong, fast defender, with great recovery, excellent positioning, perfect in the high and low game. He was a technical defender. He stood out for his great personality, for his innate command condition, for his courage, for the great ascendancy over his comrades. He was a "boss", caudillo and driver. By the International Federation of Football History and Statistics, Nasazzi was elected, also for the twentieth century, the seventh greatest Uruguayan player, ahead of Pedro Rocha (eighth) and Alcides Ghiggia (tenth), and the 26th greatest in South America, ahead of even Romário, Paulo Roberto Falcão, Rivellino, Carlos Alberto Torres and Daniel Passarella, among others. The British magazine World Soccer included the Uruguayan among the hundred greatest players of the twentieth century, precisely in 75th position, ahead of Alessandro Del Piero, Enzo Francescoli, again Falcao, Ryan Giggs, Sepp Maier, Zbigniew Boniek, Giacinto Facchetti and Raymond Kopa, among others.  Club career. At the club level, Nasazzi wore the Lito shirt and founded in 1920 the club of his neighborhood, the Club Atlético Bella Vista, Nasazzi does not hesitate to ask for a pass. Faced with the refusal of Club Lito, he had to stay a year without playing in AUF championships, having to play in the Roland Moor for all of 1921. In Bella Vista, in 1922 he achieved promotion to the first division, achieving great campaigns in the highest category, highlighting the vice-championship of 1924 and the championship of the B series of the "Laudo Serrato" Tournament. In Nacional he made his official debut in 1933 and won the Uruguayan Championships of 1933
Savo Milošević (born 2 September 1973) is a former Serbian football player. He has played for Serbia national team. "Scores and results list FR Yugoslavia, Serbia and Montenegro and Serbia's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Milošević goal." Honours. Player. Partizan  Aston Villa  Rubin Kazan  Individual Manager. Partizan
The Snowy River is a major river in south-eastern Australia. It starts on the slopes of Mount Kosciuszko, Australia's highest mountain. It gets its water from the eastern slopes of the Snowy Mountains in New South Wales, and then flows through the Snowy River National Park in Victoria and finally into Bass Strait. Up until the middle of the 20th century, the river was known for the large amount of fresh water it carried, its wide reach and large rapids.  The river's course and surroundings have not changed very much, as it is protected by the Snowy River National Park. However, its flow of water was almost stopped in the 1950's by the building of the Snowy Mountains Scheme to make hydroelectricity. Four large dams were built, at Guthega, Island Bend, Eucumbene, and Jindabyne, as well as many smaller dams and tunnels. Less than 1% of the river flow, as measured at Jindabyne, New South Wales, continued to flow down the river. Concern over the health of river led to an agreement between the state and federal governments to increase the amount of water released back into the river. From 2002 to 2008 the flow was increased from 1% to 4%. The agreement planned to increase the flow to 15% by 2009 and 21% by 2012.
Aleksandr Kerzhakov (born 27 November 1982) is a retired Russian football player. He played for Zenit St. Petersburg, Dynamo Moscow, Sevilla and Zürich. He is currently the top scorer of the Russian national team. International career statistics. !Total||91||30 Honours. This is a list of all the awards and tournaments he won with his team.
Makoto Watanabe (born 25 September 1980) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Kataller Toyama. Club career statistics. 175||16||11||0||186||16 175||16||11||0||186||16
Kazuaki Kamizono (born 28 January 1981) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Kataller Toyama. Club career statistics. 217||20||15||3||0||0||232||23 217||20||15||3||0||0||232||23
Kyohei Noda (born 6 October 1981) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Gifu. Club career statistics. 130||0||10||0||0||0||14||0 130||0||10||0||0||0||14||0
Slashing is an illegal hockey or lacrosse play. A referee calls slashing when a player swings their hockey stick at an opposing player. Slashing is called whether or not the player is hit with the stick. It can also be called if a player breaks an opposing player's stick with their own. The penalty can be small or large. It often depends on how badly the opposing player is injured.
Pierre Clermont (March 19, 1941 – December 2, 2020) was a Canadian professional wrestler. He was better known by the ring name Pat Patterson. He worked as a creative consultant for the WWE. His career highlights were 2 matches against Sgt. Slaughter at Madison Square Garden in 1981. The rematch was called an "Alley Fight" (with no referee) and remains the wildest and one of the greatest matches in wrestling history. Patterson was the very first man to hold the Intercontinental Heavyweight Championship. Patterson was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame in 1996. Patterson invented the WWE Royal Rumble, which is one of the most popular type of matches and is a hit with fans every year since the first one in 1988. Patterson was openly gay. Patterson died of cancer at a Miami, Florida hospital on December 2, 2020. He was 79 years old.
Peer support is when a peer who has had the same experience helps another person by teaching them and listening to them. For a person with a disability, peer support is when a disabled person helps another person with the same kind of disability learn about independence and equal rights and how to take part in society. Peer support can help any kind of person who has any kind of problem. Some people can become peer mentors to help younger people.  The Article 26 of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities requires also peer support as rehabilitation.
Sulphur-crested cockatoos (binomial name Cacatua galerita) are large white parrots with yellow heads and tails. There are four subspecies of the bird. They live in Australian forests. Farmers do not like sulphur-crested cockatoos because the cockatoos eat vegetables that the farmers have grown. They are a protected species, but sometimes get shot. Many people like sulphur-crested cockatoos and keep them as pets. They are very loud and have a natural desire to chew wood and other materials. They are very long-lived. In captivity they can live to 70 years. One cockatoo called Fred was still alive at 100 years of age in 2014.
Salty liquorice, or Salmiak, is a salt candy that is eaten in Finland, Sweden, Denmark and the Netherlands. The candy comes in different strengths; in the Netherlands, it comes as "Zout" (salt), "Dubbel zout" (double salt, or DZ) and "Drievoudig zout" (triple salt, or 3Z). The substance used to give salt liquorice its characteristic taste is not regular table salt, sodium chloride (NaCl), but ammonium chloride (NH4Cl). The Dutch name for this type of liquorice, Salmiak, comes from the words "sal ammoniac", another name for ammonium chloride.
The Hebrews (Hebrew: עברים or עבריים) is an ancient Semitic people of Middle East. They are ancestors of Israelites, son of Isaac and Arabs son of Ishmael and descend from Shem, son of Noah and cousin as the descendants of Japheth and the descendants of Ham.  They escape from Ancient Egypt is recounted in Torah in book called Exodus in English, or "" שמות in Hebrew.