ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Plymouth Congregational Church of Lawrence, Kansas is church that was created in 1854, months after the Territory of Kansas was opened to settlement. The present-day church building was built in 1870, and it is on the National Register of Historic Places. The architect was John G. Haskell. He designed the Kansas State Capitol. History. The Territory of Kansas was opened to settlement by the Kansas–Nebraska Act on May 30, 1854. Reverend Samuel Y. Lum of Middletown, New York was sent by the American Home Missionary Society to create a church in the Kansas Territory. This would become the first church in the entire territory. Before he came, sermons were given by laymen. The first service of Plymouth Congregational Church was held by Lum on October 1, 1854 in a mudbrick boarding house. Settlers who had come from New England came to the service. Reverend Richard Cordley became a pastor in 1857. This was when the people moved into its first permanent building, called the "Stone Church." Though the building was not completed until 1862. Cordley was an abolitionist and was a free-stater. During the American Civil War, some members were killed by pro-Confederate soldiers in the Lawrence Massacre of 1863. Cordley's home was burned, but the church building was not hurt. The Brick Church. The present-day building, also called "The Brick Church," was designed by architect John G. Haskell. Haskell also worked on other churches, schools, and the Kansas State Courthouse. Construction started in 1868. It was finished in May 1870. it costed $45,000. The windows were made in England. Services have been held regularly in the building since 1870. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 2, 2009. The building's architectural style is described as a Victorian-era church building with Gothic and Romanesque Revival characteristics.
Barber County (county code BA) is a county in the south-central part of the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2020, 4,228 people lived there. The county seat is Medicine Lodge. Medicine Lodge is also the biggest city in Barber County. Barber County was named after Thomas W. Barber (born 22 February 1814), an abolitionist martyr who was killed in Douglas County on 6 December 1855, during the Wakarusa War. Geography. The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (0.2%) is water. Major highways. Sources: National Atlas, U.S. Census Bureau Government. This county has generally voted Republican in recent elections. The last time a democratic candidate has carried this county was in 1964.
Bourbon County (county code BB) is a county in Southeast Kansas. In 2020, 14,360 people lived there. Its county seat is Fort Scott. Fort Scott is also the biggest city in Bourbon County. History. 19th century. In 1855, Bourbon County was founded. 21st century. Bourbon virus is a new strain of thogotovirus. It was first found in Bourbon County. In spring 2014, an otherwise healthy man was bitten by a tick. The man got the virus. He died 11 days later from organ failure. Geography. The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (0.6%) is water. Major highways. Sources: National Atlas, U.S. Census Bureau Government. Presidential elections. Bourbon County is a strongly Republican county. Only six presidential elections from 1888 to the present have resulted in Republicans failing to win the county, with the last of these being in 1964.
Decatur County (county code DC) is a county in Northwest Kansas. In 2020, 2,764 people lived there. Its county seat is Oberlin. Oberlin is also the biggest city in Decatur County. The county is named after Commodore Stephen Decatur, Jr. History. Decatur County was created on March 20, 1873 and organized on December 15, 1879. It is named after the Navy war hero Commodore Stephen Decatur, Jr.. He served during the First Barbary War and the Second Barbary War and the War of 1812. Oberlin was where the last Native American (specifically the Northern Cheyenne) Raid in Kansas happened. Geography. The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (0.07%) is water. Government. Decatur county is very Republican. The last time a democratic candidate won the county was in 1936 by Franklin D. Roosevelt.
Jewell County (county code JW) is a county in the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2020, 2,932 people lived there. Its county seat is Mankato. Mankato is also the biggest city in Jewell County. History. In 1887, Jewell County was created. It was named after Lieutenant Colonel Lewis R. Jewell of the 6th Regiment Kansas Volunteer Cavalry. In 1887, Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway built a railroad from Neva (3 miles west of Strong City) to Superior, Nebraska. This railroad connected Strong City, Neva, Rockland, Diamond Springs, Burdick, Lost Springs, Jacobs, Hope, Navarre, Enterprise, Abilene, Talmage, Manchester, Longford, Oak Hill, Miltonvale, Aurora, Huscher, Concordia, Kackley, Courtland, Webber, Superior. Geography. The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (0.5%) is water.
Scott County (standard abbreviation: SC) is a county in the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2020, 5,151 people lived there. Its county seat is Scott City. Scott City is the only city in the county. History. In 1873, Scott County was created. Geography. The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (0.02%) is water. Government. Presidential elections. Before 1940, Scott County was a swing county. They voted for the national winner in every presidential election from 1904 to 1936. After 1940, it has become one of the most Republican counties in the entire nation. Each of the last six presidential elections have resulted in the Republican candidate winning over 70 percent of the county's vote. Education. Library. The Scott County Public Library is at 110 West 8th in Scott City. The Scott County Library was the first free county public library in the state of Kansas. It was created in 1923.
Seward County (standard abbreviation: SW) is a county of the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2020, 21,964 people lived there. The county seat is Liberal. Liberal is also the biggest city in Seward County. The county was created on March 20, 1873. It was named after William Henry Seward. Geography. The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (0.2%) is water. It borders Oklahoma to the south. People. The Liberal, KS Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Seward County. Government. Presidential elections. Seward County has voted Republican since 1940. The last time Seward County voted for a Democratic candidate for President was Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1936. In the Kansas Senate it is currently represented by Republican Garrett Love. In the Kansas House of Representatives it is represented by Republicans Bill Light and Carl Holmes.
Sumner County (standard abbreviation: SU) is a county in the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2020, 22,382 people lived there. Its county seat is Wellington. History. 19th century. On February 26, 1867, Sumner County was created from parts of Marion County and Butler County. It was named after Charles Sumner, a U.S. Senator from Massachusetts (1811–74), who was wanted Kansas to be a free state. In 1887, the Chicago, Kansas and Nebraska Railway built a north-south railroad from Herington to Caldwell. This railroad connected Herington, Lost Springs, Lincolnville, Antelope, Marion, Aulne, Peabody, Elbing, Whitewater, Furley, Kechi, Wichita, Peck, Corbin, Wellington, Caldwell. By 1893, this railroad was slowly built to Fort Worth, Texas. This line is called the "OKT". 21st century. In December 2011, the Kansas Star Casino opened about west of the center of Mulvane. Geography. The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (0.3%) is water. People. Sumner County is part of the Wichita, KS Metropolitan Statistical Area Government. Sumner County often votes for the Republican Party in Presidential elections. However, in 1992 George H. W. Bush won the county by less than two percent. The last time they have voted for a Democratic candidate was in 1976 for Jimmy Carter.
Reno County (standard abbreviation: RN) is a county in the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2020, 61,898 people lived there. The county seat is Hutchinson. Hutchinson is also the biggest city in Reno County. History. In 1867, Reno County was created. In 1887, the Chicago, Kansas and Nebraska Railway built a railroad from Herington to Pratt. This railroad connected Herington, Ramona, Tampa, Durham, Waldeck, Canton, Galva, McPherson, Groveland, Inman, Medora, Hutchinson, Whiteside, Partridge, Arlington, Langdon, Turon, Preston, Natrona, Pratt. In 1888, this main line was extended to Liberal. Later, this railroad was extended to Tucumcari, New Mexico and El Paso, Texas. This railroad is called the "Golden State Limited". Geography. The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (1.3%) is water. It is the third-biggest county by area in Kansas. People. The Hutchinson Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Reno County. Government. Russell county is almost always Republican. The last time a democratic candidate won the county was in 1976 by Jimmy Carter.
Miami County (county code MI) is a county in east-central Kansas. In 2020, 34,191 people lived there. Its county seat is Paola. Paola is also the biggest city in Miami County. Geography. The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (2.5%) is water. People. Miami County is included in the Kansas City, MO-KS Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Republic County (standard abbreviation: RP) is a county in the state of Kansas. It is south from the Nebraska border. In 2020 census, 4,674 people lived there. The county seat is Belleville. Belleville is also the biggest city in Republic County. History. Indian tribes lived in the area before white settlers came. The tribes included the Pawnee, Iowa, and Otoe. In 1860, Republic County was created by the Kansas legislature. The county is named after the Republican River. Daniel and Conrad Myers were the first white settlers. They arrived in February 1861. By 1868, Republic County was holding elections. After the Civil War and during the 19th century, a lot of European immigrants (mostly from Sweden and the Czech Republic) came to Belleville and the area around it. In 1887, Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway built a railroad from Neva (3 miles west of Strong City) to Superior, Nebraska. This railroad connected Strong City, Neva, Rockland, Diamond Springs, Burdick, Lost Springs, Jacobs, Hope, Navarre, Enterprise, Abilene, Talmage, Manchester, Longford, Oak Hill, Miltonvale, Aurora, Huscher, Concordia, Kackley, Courtland, Webber, Superior. This railroad was called "Strong City and Superior line". Later the name was shortened to the "Strong City line". Geography. The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, (or 99.45%) is land and (or 0.55%) is water. Government. Presidential elections. Republic County is very Republican. No Democratic presidential candidate has won the county except for Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1932 and Woodrow Wilson in 1912 and 1916. Since 1996, the Republican candidate has won seventy percent of the county’s vote.
Rice County (standard abbreviation: RC) is a county in the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2020, 9,427 people lived there. The county seat is Lyons. Lyons is also the biggest city in Rice County. The county was named after Samuel Allen Rice, Brigadier-General, United States volunteers, killed April 30, 1864, at Jenkins Ferry, Arkansas. History. In 1867, Rice County was created. Geography. The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (0.2%) is water.
Pratt County (standard abbreviation: PR) is a county in the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2020, 9,157 people lived there. The county seat is Pratt. Pratt is also the biggest city in Pratt County. History. In 1867, Pratt County was created. Geography. The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (0.09%) is water.
Rawlins County (standard abbreviation: RA) is a county in the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2020, 2,561 people lived there. The county seat is Atwood. Atwood is also the biggest city in Rawlins County. It was named after Union Civil War General John Aaron Rawlins. History. In 1873, Rawlins County was created. Geography. The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (0.1%) is water. Government. Presidential elections. The county is part of the very Republican Kansas's 1st congressional district. It has voted for the Republican candidate for President in each of the last eighteen elections. The last Democrat to win the county was Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1936. In the last five Presidential elections the Democratic candidate has never won more than 21% of the county's vote.
Meade County (standard abbreviation: ME) is a county in the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2020, 4,055 people lived there. The county seat is Meade. Meade is also the biggest city in Meade County. The county was created in 1873. It was named after General George G. Meade. Geography. The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (0.1%) is water. Government. Meade County is often won by Republican Candidates. The last time a democratic candidate has won this county was in 1936 by Franklin D. Roosevelt.
Mitchell County (standard abbreviation: MC) is a county in the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2020, 5,796 people lived there. The county seat is Beloit. Beloit is also the biggest city in Mitchell County. History. In 1867, Mitchell County was created. Geography. The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (2.4%) is water. Government. Presidential elections. Before 1940, Mitchell County was a swing county. They voted for the national winner in every presidential election from 1900 to 1936. Since 1940, it has become very Republican. Only George H. W. Bush in 1992 failed win a majority in the county due to Ross Perot's strong showing in Kansas.
Russell County (standard abbreviation: RS) is a county in the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2020, 6,691 people lived there. The county seat is Russell. Russell is also the biggest city in Russell County. History. In 1867, Russell County was established. Geography. The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (1.5%) is water.
Rush County (standard abbreviation: RH) is a county in the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2020, 2,956 people lived there. The county seat is La Crosse. La Crosse is also the biggest city in Rush County. History. 19th century. In 1867, Rush County was created. Rush County was organized on December 5, 1874. La Crosse and Rush Center competed to become the county seat. This lasted 10 years until La Crosse finally became the county seat. 20th century. The first county fair was held in 1910 south of Rush Center. 21st century. In 2015, the "Alexander Wind Farm" was built south of Alexander. It cost about $85 million. It generates 48 megawatts of power. Geography. The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (0.03%) is water. Walnut Creek, a tributary of the Arkansas River, goes through the county. Other streams help provide it water. Government. Presidential elections. Rush County is very Republican.
Ruanruan (; also called Rouran) is an extinct language of Mongolia and northern China. It was spoken in the Rouran Khaganate from the 4th to the 6th centuries CE. Most linguists argue it is likely a Mongolic or Turkic language but some say Ruanruan may be a Yeniseian language.  In 2018, "Brāhmī Bugut" and "Khüis Tolgoi" inscriptions suggest that the Ruanruan language was a Mongolic language, close to Middle Mongolian.
Phillips County (standard abbreviation: PL) is a county in the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2020, 4,981 people lived there. The county seat is Phillipsburg. Phillipsburg is also the biggest city in Phillips County. History. In 1867, Phillips County was created. Geography. The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (1.0%) is water. Government. Presidential elections. Phillips County is very Republican. No Democratic Presidential candidate has won Phillips County since Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1932.
Pawnee County (standard abbreviation: PN) is a county in the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2020, 6,253 people lived there. The county seat is Larned. Larned is also the biggest city in Pawnee County. The county is named after the Pawnee Tribe. Geography. The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (0.05%) is water. Government. Presidential elections. Pawnee County has been mostly Republican for its history. However, there have been multiple time where it was considered a swing county. This means backing the national winner in all presidential elections from 1904 to 1936 as well as 1964 to 1988. It has moved away from bellwether status since 1988.
Chautauqua County (county code CQ) is a county in Southeast Kansas. In 2020, 3,379 people lived there. Its county seat is Sedan. Sedan is also the biggest city in Chautauqua County. Chautauqua County is named after Chautauqua County, New York, where Edward Jaquins was born. Jaquins was a Kansas politician who was important in getting the county created. History. Chautauqua County was created by an act of the Kansas legislature on June 1, 1875. They divided Howard County into Elk County (the northern half) and Chautauqua County (the southern half). At the time of its creation, about 7,400 people lived there. The first white settlers in the area that became Chautauqua County came in July 1868. Geography. The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (0.9%) is water. Major highways. Sources: National Atlas, U.S. Census Bureau Government. Presidential elections. Chautauqua is a very Republican county. The only Republican to ever lose the county has been Herbert Hoover in 1932. Other than the never-Democratic, historically Yankee Doniphan County, Chautauqua County was the only Kansas county to give incumbent President William Howard Taft a plurality in 1912. The last Democrat to win thirty percent of the county’s vote was Michael Dukakis in 1988. In 2016 Hillary Clinton won only thirteen percent.
Chase County (county code CS) is a county in the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2020, 2,572 people lived there. Its county seat is Cottonwood Falls. Cottonwood Falls is also the biggest city in Chase County. The center of population of Kansas is in Chase County, about four miles north of Strong City. History. In 1859, Chase County was created in the Kansas Territory. In 1871, the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway built a railroad from Emporia to Newton. In 1887, Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway built a railroad from Neva (3 miles west of Strong City) to Superior, Nebraska. This railroad connected Strong City, Neva, Rockland, Diamond Springs, Burdick, Lost Springs, Jacobs, Hope, Navarre, Enterprise, Abilene, Talmage, Manchester, Longford, Oak Hill, Miltonvale, Aurora, Huscher, Concordia, Kackley, Courtland, Webber, Superior. The south-western border one mile "notch" into Marion County was created under strange circumstances. There was a murder. Marion County didn't want to have the trial, so a section one mile wide and eighteen miles long was given to Chase County. This was to make it so that the murder had happened there. The one mile strip of land is still part of Chase County. Geography. The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (0.6%) is water. Major highways. Sources: National Atlas, U.S. Census Bureau
Cheyenne County (county code CN) is a county in the northwest corner of the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2020, 2,616 people lived there. Its county seat is St. Francis. St. Francis is also the biggest city in Cheyenne County. History. In 1873, Cheyenne County was created. Geography. The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (0.1%) is water. Major highways. Sources: National Atlas, U.S. Census Bureau Time Zones. The county is in the Central Time zone, but is bordered by the Mountain Time Zone in three directions; it is the only county in the United States to be like this. Dundy County, Nebraska to the north, Yuma County, Colorado and Kit Carson County, Colorado to the west, and Sherman County to the south are all in the Mountain Time Zone. Because of this, Rawlins County is Cheyenne County's only neighbor to also practice Central Time. Government. Presidential elections. Cheyenne County is very Republican. Only four Republican presidential candidates since 1888 have lost the county.
The Rouran () ruled northern China during the Sixteen Kingdoms period. They were proto-Mongols . They spoke the Ruanruan language, an Altaic. They descended from the Xianbei. The Rouran are the first to use the words "khan" or "khagan". The Rouran Khaganate existed between the 4-6 centuries. They were then overthrown by the Gokturks which then led to the rise of the Turkic peoples. The Rouran may have fled west after that and become part of the Pannonian Avars. The Göktürks chased after these "Avars" into the Byzantine Empire. Origin. The Rouran were nomads. They lived in the eastern Eurasian Steppe (Mongolia and northeast China). They overthrew the Xianbei. Most Xianbei moved south and lived in Northern China. Kwok Kin Poon argues the Rouran descended from the Donghu Xianbei. History. The founder of the Rouran Khaganate was Yujiulu Shelun. He descended from slaves of the Xianbei. The Xianbei used the word rouran to mean "wriggling worms". After the Xianbei moved south in the 3rd century, the Rouran took over and conquered a lot of land. In 402 Shelun unified all of the Rouran. They defeated the neighboring Tiele and expanded to the Silk Roads. They then conquered and vassalized the Hephthalites (of Central Asia) until 5th century. The Hepthalites then moved towards India and replaced the Yuezhi in Bactria. The Hephtalites borrowed much culture and language from the Rouran: including the word "Khan". In 429, Northern Wei (where the Xianbei settled) attacked the Rouran and killed many. In 434, the Rouran made a heqin with Northern Wei. Between 440-460, the Northern Wei attacked and defeated the Rouran several times. The Rouran made a heqin with the Han-Ch
The Eurasian Steppe (or Ya'ou Steppe; 亚欧草原) is a steppe ecoregion (a huge stretch of grasslands) in north Eurasia. It stretches from Eastern Europe, Russia, Kazakhstan, to Mongolia and north China. It is south of Siberia. For most of history, nomads lived and wandered there on horseback. The horse may have came from the steppe, around Kazakhstan. With the horses the steppe was a highway that moved people from China to Europe. For this reason it became important for the Silk Road. The steppe has been ruled by many empires. Examples are the Altaic people, Chinese, Slavic people, and Central Asians: including the Xiongnu, Scythians, Han dynasty, Xianbei, Sogdians, Turkic Khaganate, Khazars, Tang Dynasty, Mongol Empire, Russian Empire, and Qing dynasty.
Ötüken was the capital of the Turkic Khaganate. Otugan was around Mongolia and Central Asia on the Khangan Plateau. Ötüken probably stretched "from the Khangai Range of Central Mongolia to the Sayan Mountains of Tuva [Siberia], at the centre of which is the Orkhon Valley". which for centuries was regarded as the seat of the imperial power of the steppes. It was also an important place in Turkic mythology and Tengrism. Otukan means Mother Earth.