ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
A balikbayan box (literally "repatriate box") is a corrugated box filled with items given by Filipinos overseas to their family back home.  Most of the time the box is sent to its destination by people who work as "freight forwarders" who know a lot about shipping balikbayan boxes by sea, the boxes can be brought by Filipinos returning to the Philippines on air flights. History. The balikbayan box was invented sometime in the 1980s, in the United States because there were a lot of overseas Filipino workers in the country. The first freight forwarder to give balikbayan box services was Rico Nunga who founded REN International in Los Angeles, California in 1981. In 1982, Ramon Ungco, a Filipino living in New York City, founded Port Jersey Shipping International. Many people think these two companies are the “pioneers” of door-to-door delivery of balikbayan boxes, which back then they had to pay import duties when the boxes got into the Philippines.  On 30 June 1987, the President of the Philippines Corazon Aquino at that time, started Executive Order No. 206. This order changed Section 105 (f) and added a new subsection (f-1) to Republic Act No. 1937, which some people also know as the Tariff and Customs Code of the Philippines, which became law on 22 July 1957 by former president Carlos P. Garcia.  The now-changed Section 105 of the Tariff and Customs Code of the Philippines gives duty- and tax-free privileges to balikbayan boxes taken to the Philippines by overseas Filipino workers (OFWs) in recognition of the large impact of their contribution and sacrifices outside of the Philippines as well as bringing a lot of foreign exchange annually that helped the national recovery effort at that time.  This let tax-free entry of personal goods in the country from Filipinos overseas. People then started sending balikbayan boxes through friends and their co-workers who were going back to the Philippines. After the September 11 attacks in the US and the passage of the Patriot Act by
Asia Bibi blasphemy case involves the conviction of a Pakistani Christian woman, Asia Noreen, for blasphemy by a Pakistani court. She was sentenced to death in 2010. However, she was acquitted by the Supreme Court in 2018. Case background and Court verdict. In June 2009, while harvesting berries from a field, Asia was seen drinking water from a communal cup by some village women of that area. It was considered offensive by the women due to her religion, and the cup was labelled "contaminated". This resulted in an argument between them, and the women accused her of blasphemy. In 2010, a judge in Sheikhupura sentenced Asia to death, which was upheld by the Lahore High Court. Petitions were sent for her release, including one sent by Pope Francis. Noreen's husband appealed to the high court. Salman Taseer, the Governor of Punjab, supported Noreen throughout and requested President Asif Ali Zardari to pardon her. Due to this support, Taseer was killed by his guard Mumtaz Qadri. Several appeals were made during this period and the High Court upheld the decision. In October 2014, Lahore High Court rejected her appeal. In November 2014, her lawyer appealed to the Supreme Court. On 31 October 2018, the Supreme Court panel chaired by Justice Saqib Nisar, acquitted Asia Bibi. Although the majority supported the decision, it resulted in protests by the Islamic parties, mainly Tehreek-e-Labaik.
Geographical renaming is when a place's name gets changed.  There can be several reasons for geographical renaming. One such reason is countries joining together to form a new country. For example, after the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland joined together in 1701, they formed the United Kingdom. When Ireland joined in 1801, the unified country became the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. A second reason is a country splitting apart to form new ones. For example, after Czechoslovakia split in 1992, it became two new countries, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Also, after Ireland gained independence from Britain, the region of Northern Ireland stayed in the UK. Therefore, the country's name changed from United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to what it is today, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. A third reason could be a new government replacing or overthrowing the old one. After the Communist Party took overthrew the Russian Empire's emperor, the Tsar, and changed the country's name to the Soviet Union, the city of Saint Petersburg also changed to Leningrad. This was because the Communist Party wanted to honor its leader, Vladimir Lenin, and symbolize the Soviet Union's turning away from Russia's system of absolute monarchy, the Tsardom, that ruled before they did, since Saint Petersburg was named after Peter the Great, who was the Tsar that founded the city. When the city of New Amsterdam, founded by Dutch colonists in North America, was lost to the British Empire, it was renamed New York City after the Duke of York. A fourth reason could be changing a place's name to replace a name given by former colonizers with the name given by native people, and many more. For example, after India gained independence from Britain, they changed the name of the city Bombay to Mumbai. A fifth reason could be the change of standard spelling rules in the local language. When Pinyin was made the official romanization, or writing Mandarin Chinese using the Roman alphabet, in mainland China after the Chinese Communist Party took over, the spellings of many Chinese place names changed, including Peking becoming Beijing and Nanking becoming Nanjing. Even though
Ferrero is an Italian food company that produces chocolate and confectionery. It was founded in 1946 in Alba, Piedmont, Italy, by Pietro Ferrero. Nutella is the brand name of chocolate-hazelnut spread. In addition to Nutella, Ferrero produces many other products, for example Ferrero Rocher, Pocket Coffee, Mon Chéri, Giotto, Confetteria Raffaello, Tic Tac and more. Kinder is the Famous product line, which includes Kinder Surprise, Fiesta Ferrero, Kinder Chocolate tiles, Kinder Happy Hippo, Kinder Maxi, Kinder Délice and Kinder Bueno.
Lizard (often confused with the peninsula "The Lizard") is a village on the Lizard peninsula in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is about south of Helston, and is mainland Britain's most southerly settlement. Lizard is a tourist centre and its large village green is surrounded by cafes and gift shops. The name comes from the Cornish "Lis" for 'place' and "Ard" for 'high'. The village is in the civil parish of Landewednack, the most southerly parish on the British mainland.
John Dennis Hodge (10 February 1929 – 19 May 2021) was a British-born aerospace engineer. He worked for the CF-105 Avro Arrow jet interceptor project in Canada. In 1959, he became a member of NASA's Space Task Group, which later became the Johnson Space Center. During his NASA career, he worked as a flight director and planner. When he returned to NASA in the 1980s, he worked as a manager on the Space Station Freedom project, which later became the International Space Station. He also was an administrator at the United States Department of Transportation. Hodge died on 19 May 2021 in Herndon, Virginia, aged 92.
Crystal Marie Reed (born February 6, 1985) is an American actress, best known for playing Allison Argent on the "Teen Wolf" television series. Reed played Sofia Falcone in the fourth season of "Gotham" (2017–2018) and the lead role of Abby Arcane in the series "Swamp Thing" (2019).
Matthew George Whitaker (born October 29, 1969) is an American lawyer and politician. He was the Acting United States Attorney General from November 7, 2018 until February 14, 2019. He was appointed by President Donald Trump after Jeff Sessions resigned at Trump's request.  Whitaker was a U.S. Attorney during the Bush Administration and was Chief of Staff to Sessions from September 2017 to November 2018. In November 2024, President-elect Trump nominated Whitaker to be the United States Ambassador to NATO.
Bernard "Bernie" Glassman (January 18, 1939 – November 4, 2018) was an American Zen Buddhist roshi. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. Glassman was the founder of the Zen Peacemakers. In 1996, he co-founded the Zen Peacemaker Order with his wife Sandra Jishu Holmes.  Glassman was a Dharma successor of the late Taizan Maezumi-roshi, and gave inka and Dharma transmission to several people. Glassman was known as a leading figure of social enterprise, socially engaged Buddhism and "Bearing Witness Retreats" at Auschwitz and on the streets. Glassman died on November 4, 2018 from complications of a stroke in Springfield, Massachusetts at the age of 79.
Chinese place names are the names of places in China. Since the Chinese language has not had any sort of phonetic alphabet until only about a few hundred years ago (compared to the thousands of years the Chinese characters have been used), there has been a lot of confusion on naming places in Chinese. Since Chinese characters are a logographic writing system, meaning that the writing mainly shows the words' meaning rather than its pronunciation, it can be used to write down words in many different languages. On top of all this, the Chinese language is not one unified language, but an entire branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family. Many of the Chinese languages or dialects are mutually unintelligible, which means a speaker of one language or dialect cannot understand a speaker of another unless one of them already knew the other's language or dialect. For example, Mandarin and Cantonese are both dialects of Chinese, but they are so different from each other than their speakers cannot understand the other unless at least one speaker knew both. Therefore, knowing which spoken dialect to use when writing out the name in the Roman alphabet, which is a phonetic writing system and not a logographic one, can be challenging. For example, while the name of the city is written as 北京 in Chinese, it is called "Běijīng" in Mandarin and "Bak1 Ging1" in Cantonese. In mainland China, most place names are in Mandarin Chinese, the country's official spoken language. Even though the sounds of Mandarin Chinese have not changed for a long time, there were many different ways to write Chinese place names in Mandarin using the Roman alphabet, or many different kinds of romanizations. This created a lot of confusion and misinformation for non-Chinese speakers on what to call Chinese place names. For example, Beijing was spelled Peking, Nanjing was called Nanking, Tianjin was spelled Tiantsin, and Qingdao was spelled Tsingtao. These many spelling systems caused confusion among non-Chinese speakers and therefore whatever name speakers of other languages called place names ended up sounding very different from Mandarin Chinese. In order to teach people how to correctly pronounce Mandarin Chinese, to mainland Chinese and non-Ch
François N. Macerola (January 31, 1942 – November 8, 2018) was a Canadian lawyer and movie executive. He was born in Montreal, Quebec. Macerola worked for the National Film Board of Canada and Telefilm Canada. His career began in 1976.  Macerola dealt with the controversy surrounding the 1982 docudrama "The Kid Who Couldn't Miss", about the life of fighter pilot Billy Bishop because the movie poorly depicted his life with accuracy. Macerola died on the morning of November 8, 2018 in Montreal at the age of 76.
Irene Cara Escalara (March 18, 1959 – November 25, 2022) was an American singer-songwriter, actress and dancer. She co-wrote the song "Flashdance... What a Feeling" from the movie "Flashdance". She won the Academy Award for Best Original Song for the song. For that same song, she also won a Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance. Cara played Coco Hernandez in the 1980 movie "Fame" and recorded the song of the same name. Before that, she played Sparkle Williams in the 1976 musical-drama movie "Sparkle". In 1982 Cara earned an Image Award for Best Actress when she co-starred in NBC's Movie of the Week, "Sister, Sister".  Cara was born in The Bronx, New York City, New York. Cara died November 25, 2022, at her home in Largo, Florida. She was 63 years old.
Richard Paul Conaboy (June 12, 1925 – November 9, 2018) was an American judge. He was a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania from 1979 to 1992. He was appointed by President Jimmy Carter. From 1989 to 1992, he was Chief Judge of the court. He was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania. Conaboy died on November 9, 2018 at a hospital in Scranton from a heart attack at the age of 93.
Manuel Lawrence Real (January 27, 1924 – June 26, 2019) was a Senior United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of California. He was appointed in 1966 by President Lyndon B. Johnson. He was the last remaining federal judge in active service appointed by Johnson. He was the longest-serving active federal judge until his retirement in 2018. Real died on June 26, 2019 in Los Angeles, California at the age of 95.
Jack Bertrand Weinstein (August 10, 1921 – June 15, 2021) was an American Senior District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York. He was on the court from 1967 to 1993 after being appointed by President Lyndon B. Johnson. From 1980 to 1988, he was Chief Judge. Weinstein was born in Wichita, Kansas. Weinstein died on June 15, 2021 in Great Neck, New York at the age of 99.
William Joseph Nealon Jr. (July 31, 1923 – August 30, 2018) was an American jurist. He was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania. Nealon Jr. was United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania. He was the last judicial appointee from the Kennedy administration. He was on the court from 1962 to 1989. Nealon Jr. was the longest-serving current federal judge at his death. On August 28, 2018, he became the longest serving federal district judge in history, two days before his death. Nealon Jr. died in Scranton on August 30, 2018 from pneumonia at the age of 95.
Dana George Mead (February 22, 1936 – October 31, 2018) was an American businessman and corporate director. He was born in Cresco, Iowa. Mead was chairman emeritus of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Foundation's board of trustees, where he was chairman from 2003 through 2010. Mead died in Boston, Massachusetts on October 31, 2018 at the age of 82.
Phyllis Ann George (June 25, 1949 – May 14, 2020) was an American businesswoman, former sportscaster and former Miss America. She was Miss America 1971. From 1979 to 1983 she was the First Lady of the U.S. state of Kentucky. In August 1971, George traveled to Vietnam with several other contestants from the Miss America 1971 pageant. George and the other contestants participated in a 22-day United Service Organizations tour for American troops there. In 1985, CBS chose George to be the permanent presenter for its morning news program, "CBS Morning News". She interviewed a number of news makers, including then-First Lady Nancy Reagan. In 2003, George created the company Phyllis George Beauty. The company markets a line of cosmetics and skincare products through the television network the Home Shopping Network. She appeared in the comedy movie "Meet the Fockers". George was born in Denton, Texas. She died of problems caused by a blood cancer in Lexington, Kentucky on May 14, 2020 at the age of 70.
Jameed (, literally "hardened") is a form of dried yoghurt made made from goat's milk or sheep's milk. It is made by draining thick yoghurt of its whey, shaping it into balls, and letting it harden. Drying prevents spoilage.  Jameed is eaten in Jordan, especially in Bedouin cooking. It is also common among the Bedouin in Palestine, Egypt, and even Syria. It is also customary to add to a sauces or soups.
Jefferson County is a county in the Arkansas Delta of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 67,260. Its county seat and largest city is Pine Bluff. Jefferson County was founded on November 2, 1829, and named for Thomas Jefferson, third President of the United States (1801–1809).
Lafayette County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,308, The county seat is Lewisville. It was founded on October 15, 1827.
Microsoft Plus! is a discontinued commercial operating system improvement product by Microsoft. The last edition is the Plus! SuperPack, which includes a variety of screensavers, themes, and games, as well as multimedia applications. The Microsoft Plus! product was first announced on January 31, 1994 under the internal codename "Frosting". The first version was  an upgrade for Windows 95, Windows 95 Plus! The features that make up Microsoft Plus! were generally developed by Microsoft itself. The Plus! packs also included games and software from third-party companies; for example, in Plus! for Windows XP, the "HyperBowl" game developed by Hyper Entertainment Inc. was included. Plus! features that enhance the base operating system or provide utility are generally included free of charge in the next release of Windows. Microsoft Plus! was discontinued in favor of Windows Ultimate Extras in Windows Vista.
ʻOumuamua () is an object from another star system that visited our solar system. Its official name is 1I/2017 U1. ʻOumuamua is the first interstellar object that we know has passed through our solar system. Oumuamua was first discovered on 19 October 2017 using the Pan-STARRS1 telescope at the Haleakala Observatory in Hawaii. Its appearance is long and narrow, and it had a dark red color, similar to objects in the outer Solar System.
The Chukotka Autonomous Okrug is the farthest east of all 85 federal subjects of Russia. It is located in the Asian part of Russia. It is grouped and governed as part of the Far Eastern District. The Far Eastern District contains ten other federal subjects too. Chukotka also shares an international sea border with Alaska of the United States. History. In ancient times, the present area of Chukotka was joined with North America by a land bridge known as Beringia. It was believed that humans first migrated to the Americas using this route. Later, the area was home to the Chukchi people and other natives. Some of these natives are related to the Inuit. By the 17th century, the Russians first arrive to gain control of the natives. At first, not much attention was given to the remote land of Chukotka. But its natural resources and the ability to use the area to attack land further away was soon discovered. The Russians then made multiple attempts to bring the natives under their control by force. However, these attempts failed. The Russians finally made peace with the Chukchis in 1778. Through the 19th and 20th centuries, other foreign powers also attempted to claim the land and resources in the region. They were instead driven away by the Russians. The Russians were increasingly worried about their presence. During the Soviet Union, the natives were brought under state's control and made to resettle. Multiple gulags were also built in the area. Tin and much later gold was mined from the area after the start of World War II. The tin and gold were used to supply the war efforts. In 1991, at the collapse of the Soviet Union, Chukotka declared its separation to become a subject of Russia. It continues to remain as an autonomous okrug till today. Geography. Chukotka is the eastern most point of Russia and mainland Asia. It is separated from Alaska, United States, by the Bering Strait and the International Date Line. Chukotka is found in the north-eastern part of Siberia. Because of this it has a polar tundra climate, which have long, cold
Joel Barcellos (November 27, 1936 – November 10, 2018) was a Brazilian actor. He appeared in 53 movies and television shows between 1955 and 1997. He starred in the 1974 movie "", which was entered into the 24th Berlin International Film Festival. He was born in Espírito Santo, Brazil. Barcellos died on November 10, 2018 in Rio das Ostras, Brazil from a stroke, aged 81.
Madison County is a county of the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,521. The county seat is Huntsville. The county was founded on September 30, 1836, and named for James Madison, 4th President of the United States (1809–1817). Madison County is in the Northwest Arkansas region.
"Thank U, Next" is a song recorded by American singer and actress Ariana Grande, from her fifth studio album "Thank U, Next".  The song was released on November 2, 2018. Grande co-wrote the song with Victoria McCants, Tayla Parx, Tommy Brown, Charles Anderson, and Michael Foster, while the last three produced the song. The song was released after Grande broke off her engagement to comedian Pete Davidson, who is known for starring on "Saturday Night Live". Its lyrics talk about some of her exes (such as rappers Big Sean and Mac Miller) and why the relationships ended. Grande thanks them for helping her grow as a person throughout the song. The song topped the Irish and UK Singles Chart and entered the "Billboard" Hot 100 at number one, giving Grande her first US chart-topper. "thank u, next" is the first song by a female to debut at number one in the US since Adele with "Hello" in 2015.
Roger Ernest Hoy (6 December 1946 – 9 November 2018) was an English professional footballer. He was born in Poplar, London. He played as a defender. Hoy made a total of 112 appearances in the Football League for Tottenham Hotspur, Crystal Palace, Luton Town and Cardiff City before moving into non-league football with Dagenham. Hoy died on 9 November 2018 at the age of 71.
Raffaele Baldassarre (23 September 1956 – 10 November 2018) was an Italian politician. He was a member of the European Parliament from 2009 to 2014. He was a member of the European People's Party. He was born in Lecce, Italy.  Baldassarre died in a hospital in Rome from a heart attack on 10 November 2018 at the age of 62.
Ronald Adolphis Johnson (October 17, 1947 – November 10, 2018) was an American football running back. He was born in Detroit, Michigan. Johnson played college football at the halfback position for the University of Michigan from 1966 to 1968. Johnson played for the Cleveland Browns in 1969 and for the New York Giants from 1970 to 1975. Johnson died on November 10, 2018 in Madison, New Jersey from complications of Alzheimer's disease at the age of 71.
Madison is a borough in Morris County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 16,937. It is known as "The Rose City" and was named in honor of President James Madison.
The Citgo Petroleum Corporation (or simply Citgo) is a United States-based refiner, marketer and transporter of transportation fuels, petro-chemicals, lubricants and other industrial products. Citgo started as the Cities Service Oil Company in 1910. In the 1980s PDVSA, the Venezuelan oil company, bought the company. Before 2006, 7-Eleven convenience stores had a 20-year contract with Citgo. That came to an end in autumn 2006. The name "Citgo" (stylized as CITGO) was first used during the early-to-mid 1960s. Political donations. According to filings with the United States' Federal Election Commission, Citgo gave US$500,000 towards the Presidential inauguration of Donald Trump. Headquarters. Citgo has its headquarters in the Energy Corridor of Houston, Texas. Before 2004, Citgo was headquartered in Tulsa, Oklahoma.
Elizabeth Johnston Patterson (November 18, 1939 – November 10, 2018) was an American politician. She was born in Columbia, South Carolina. She was a member of the Democratic Party. Patterson was a member of the United States House of Representatives from South Carolina's 4th congressional district. Patterson died from a long-illness on November 10, 2018 in Greenville, South Carolina at the age of 78.