ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Carnelian (also spelled cornelian) is a brownish-red mineral commonly used as a semi-precious gemstone.  Similar to carnelian is a darker and harder stone called 'sard'. The two names are often used interchangeably. Both carnelian and sard are varieties of the silica mineral chalcedony coloured by impurities of iron oxide. The gemstone has been used since prehistory.
Aly Mahmoud Lotfy (6 October 1935 – 27 May 2018) was an Egyptian politician. He served as Prime Minister of Egypt from 4 September 1985 to 9 November 1986 during the Hosni Mubarak presidency. He was born in Al-Adwa, Faiyum, Egypt. He was a member of the National Democratic Party. Mahmoud died on 27 May 2018 in Cairo at the age of 82.
The Prime Minister of Egypt is the head of the Egyptian government. The prime minister heads the cabinet, which in turn plays a leading role in shaping the agenda of the houses of Parliament. It may propose laws to Parliament as well as amendments during parliamentary meetings. In the late 1970s, Egypt had several cohabitation governments which proved to be unstable, due to the struggle arising between the president and the prime minister. Living former Prime Ministers. As of , there are four living former Prime Ministers of Egypt, as seen below. The most recent Prime Minister to die was Sherif Ismail, on 4 February 2023, aged 67.
Sherif Ismail Mohamed ( ; born 6 July 1955 — 4 February 2023) was an Egyptian engineer and politician. He was Prime Minister of Egypt from 2015 to 2018.
Ahmed Nazif (; born 8 July 1952) served as the Prime Minister of Egypt from 14 July 2004 to 29 January 2011, when his cabinet was fired and removed by President Hosni Mubarak. On May 4, 2016, a final verdict by the highest court of appeal in Egypt acquitted Nazif of all charges of corruption.
Ibrahim Roshdy Mahlab (; born 8 May 1949) was the Prime Minister of Egypt from 1 March 2014 until 19 September 2015.  Mahlab resigned on 12 September 2015, though the cabinet remained in their posts.
Allyn Ann McLerie (December 1, 1926 – May 21, 2018) was a Canadian-born American actress, singer, and dancer. She was born in Grand-Mère, Quebec. From 1953 until his death in 2016, she was married to actor George Gaynes. McLerie was known for her roles in "They Shoot Horses, Don't They?", "The Way We Were", and in "All the President's Men". She played the recurring role of Arthur Carlson's wife Carmen on "WKRP in Cincinnati" (1978–82). McLerie died at her home in North Bend, Washington of Alzheimer's disease on May 21, 2018 at the age of 91.
North Bend is a city in King County, Washington, United States. It is located near the Seattle, Washington metropolitan area. The population was 7,461 at the 2020 census. North Bend is located at (47.493831, -121.786247).
Algoa Bay is a bay in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. It is on the east coast, 425 miles (683 kilometres) east of the Cape of Good Hope. Algoa Bay is between the Cape Recife on its west side and Cape Padrone on the east side. The bay is up to 436 meters deep. The harbour city of Port Elizabeth is next to the bay. It is a new Coega deep water port facility. The sauropod dinosaur "Algoasaurus" lived there during the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous.
Aeolosaurus (; "Aeolus' lizard") is a well-known titanosaur sauropod. "Aeolosaurus" is well known for a titanosaur, as it is represented by the remains of several individuals belonging to at least three species. However, like most sauropods, no remains of the skull are known. The holotype of "Aeolosaurus rionegrinus" consists of a series of seven tail vertebrae, as well as parts of both forelimbs and the right hindlimb. It was discovered in Argentina and is about about 83 to 74 million years old. "Aeolosaurus maximus" became "Arrudatitan" in 2021.
Agilisaurus (/ˌædʒɪlɪˈsɔːrəs/; 'agile lizard') is an ornithischian dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic Period of what is now eastern Asia. The fossils were first discovered from the Sichuan Province of China in 1915.
Agujaceratops (meaning "horned face from Aguja") is a chasmosaurine ceratopsid known from two species, "A. mariscalensis" (Lehman, 1989) and "A. mavericus" (Lehman "et al.", 2016), both discovered in Aguja, Texas. History of discovery. "Agujaceratops mariscalensis". The type species, "A. mariscalensis", was first discovered in 1938, when three bonebeds was discovered and excavated by William Strain. The material was described, studied and named in 1989. "Agujaceratops mavericus". "A. mavericus" was described, studied and named in 2016.
Alaskacephale is a pachycephalosaurid dinosaur that lived in the Late Cretaceous (around 80 to 69 million years ago). "Alaskacephale" was named by Robert Sullivan in 2006. "Alaskacephale" was about half the size of "Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis" and three quarters the size of "Prenocephale", and about the same size as "Sphaerotholus" and "Foraminacephale".
The 1984 Carolinas tornado outbreak of March 28, 1984 across North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia was the largest tornado outbreak in the two Carolinas since the Enigma tornado outbreak 100 years earlier. Forecast. Weather reports from that day were that a tornado watch was issued for Alabama and Georgia, where two tornadoes struck Barrow County at 2:25 p.m. Eastern Time, and Henry County at 2:30 p.m. Eastern Time in Georgia. The first reports were hail from Macon County, North Carolina. By mid-afternoon, a high risk was issued for Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina as severe thunderstorms had entered western South Carolina and tornado watches was issued for South Carolina, North Carolina, and Virginia. Aftermath. The outbreak killed 57 people (42 in North Carolina, 15 in South Carolina) and injured 1,249 others, and tornado damage in 2 counties in Georgia, 8 in South Carolina, and 17 in North Carolina. The day before, weak tornadoes were reported in locations from Louisiana to Alabama and thunderstorms also triggered floods in Florida that caused a train derailment. Severe thunderstorms also caused four additional deaths in Maryland and Pennsylvania before dropping snow across the northeast. Cities including Atlanta, Charlotte, Columbia, Greenville, Fayetteville, Norfolk, Raleigh, and Suffolk had wind damage and it was reported as north as Delaware.
The 1988 Raleigh tornado was a natural disaster in the state of North Carolina in the United States on November 28, 1988. The outbreak was mainly centered in North Carolina and Virginia between 1:00 and 5:45 a.m. Eastern Time.  Synopsis. The weekend prior to the tornado event was very warm and humid, with temperatures in the 70s and dew points in the 60s. All that weekend the National Severe Storms Forecast Center (NSSCFC) was watching the eastern part of the United States for the possibility for severe weather. The tornado event. A line of thunderstorms was spotted in the Charlotte area during the afternoon and evening hours, including some severe weather in the area and it crossed nearby Chatham County. No tornado watch had been issued for the Raleigh-Durham area when the tornado began touching down at 1:00 a.m. on Monday, November 28. The storm was rated F4 on the Fujita scale.  Warnings were quickly issued as the storm began carving a path through suburban north Raleigh. It damaged or destroyed nearly 2500 residences and over 75 businesses including entire shopping centers. By 1:30 AM, the tornado had moved out of northern Wake County and into Franklin County, North Carolina. Fluctuating between F1 and F3 in strength, the storm finally fell apart after crossing Interstate 95 in North Carolina between Roanoke Rapids, North Carolina and the Virginia state line. Overall, four people were killed: 2 children in Raleigh, 9-year-old Janet Barnes and 12-year-old Pete Fulghum, and a couple in their mobile home in Nash County).. The tornado was responsible for destroying 425 residences and 78 businesses, including a K-Mart. Over 157 people were injured as a result of the storms. Shortly after this tornado, other tornado storms began breaking out across North Carolina and Virginia.
Giuseppe Caruso (December 22, 1935 – May 28, 2018), best known as Pippo Caruso, was an Italian composer, conductor and music arranger. He was born in Belpasso, Italy. Caruso was known for composing movie soundtracks, such as "Kill Johnny Ringo" and "Maladolescenza". He also conducted the score of the television series "Canzonissima 1973". Caruso died in Passo Corese, Italy on May 28, 2018 at the age of 82.
Serge Dassault (; 4 April 1925 – 28 May 2018) was a French heir, business executive and politician. He served as the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Dassault Group and a conservative politician. He was born in Paris. According to Forbes, Dassault's net worth was estimated in 2016 at US$15 billion. Dassault served in the French Senate for Essonne from 2004 to 2017 as a conservative Independent. Dassault died at the age of 93 on 28 May 2018 in Paris of a heart attack.
Neale James Cooper (24 November 1963 – 28 May 2018) was a Scottish football player and coach. He was born in Darjeeling, India to Scottish parents. He was raised in Aberdeen, Scotland. Cooper played as a midfielder during the 1980s and 1990s, mainly for the Aberdeen team managed by Alex Ferguson. He later played for Aston Villa, Rangers, Reading, Dunfermline Athletic and Ross County.  Cooper then became a coach, and worked as a manager in England with Hartlepool United and Gillingham, and in Scotland with Ross County and Peterhead. On 28 May 2018 it was reported that Cooper was in a critical condition after being found collapsed in the stairwell of flats in Aberdeen. He died later that day of suspected cardiac arrest, aged 54.
The President of the Arab Republic of Egypt () is the head of state of Egypt. Under the president is also the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces and head of the executive branch of the Egyptian government. The current president is Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, in office since 8 June 2014. 2005/2007 constitutional amendments. In 2005 and 2007, constitutional amendments were made. Principles in the amended constitution include: Candidacy. Candidates must have the recommendation of 20 members of the House of Representatives or the endorsement of 25,000 people across 15 governorates, with at least 1,000 signatures from each. Term. The president of the republic may be re-elected once. The constitution specifies the number of terms a president shall remain in office to be limited to two terms. Living former Presidents. There are no living former presidents. The latest to die was Hosni Mubarak, who served from 1981 to 2011, on 25 February 2020, aged 91.
The Prime Minister (, literally "Minister of the State") is the head of government in Sweden. The office was created in 1876. Louis Gerhard De Geer, the architect behind the new bicameral Riksdag of 1866 that replaced the centuries-old Riksdag of the Estates, became the first officeholder in 1876. Until 1974, the executive authority in Sweden had been exercised through the King in Council. Constitutional reform provided a new Instrument of Government which "de jure" established the parliamentary system and created a cabinet government with constitutional powers not derived from the Crown. The current prime minister is Ulf Kristersson, leader of the Moderate Party, since 2022.
The prime minister of Norway (, literally the "minister of the state") is the head of the government of Norway and the most powerful person in Norwegian politics.  The prime minister and Cabinet is almost always the leader of the majority party in the Storting, or the leader of the senior partner in the governing coalition. Norway has a Constitution, which was adopted on 17 May 1814. The position of prime minister is the result of legislation. The current prime minister of Norway is Jonas Gahr Støre, of the Labour Party since October 2021.
Kjell Magne Bondevik (; born 3 September 1947) is a Norwegian Lutheran minister and politician (Christian Democratic Party). He served as Prime Minister of Norway from 1997 to 2000, and from 2001 to 2005. He is Norway's longest serving non-Labour Party Prime Minister since World War II. On 31 January 2017, he was the first high-ranking politician from another country detained and questioned in the United States as a result of President Donald Trump's executive orders banning immigration from seven predominantly Muslim nations, because of a diplomatic visit to Iran he had made in 2014.
António Luís Santos da Costa (born 17 July 1961) is a Portuguese lawyer and politician who has been the President of the European Council since 2024. He was the 119th Prime Minister of Portugal from 26 November 2015 to 2 April 2024. He served as Mayor of Lisbon from 2007 to 2015. He was elected as Secretary-General of the Socialist Party in September 2014. His near-9 year tenure as prime minister is the longest of any officeholder in the Iberian Peninsula in the 21st century. On 7 November 2023, Costa resigned after ongoing searches and arrests involving members of his Socialist government. This resignation was accepted by the president, Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa, a few hours later. After his resignation, Costa was elected as President of the European Council. Early life. Costa was born in 1961 in Lisbon, Portugal. He is the son of writer Orlando da Costa and journalist Maria Antónia Palla.  Costa graduated from the Faculty of Law of the University of Lisbon in the 1980s. He first entered politics when he was elected as a Socialist deputy to the municipal council. He later practiced law briefly from 1988, before entering politics full-time. President of the European Council. In the aftermath of the 2024 European Parliament election, Costa was seen as the frontrunner candidate for the Presidency of the European Council. On 27 June 2024, Costa was elected as President of the European Council, one of the three most important leadership posts of the European Union, by the 27 EU member state leaders. Personal life. In 1987, Costa married Fernanda Maria Gonçalves Tadeu, a teacher. The couple have a son and a daughter. Costa also holds an Overseas Citizenship of India.
Prime Minister (Portuguese: "Primeiro-Ministro"; ) is the current title of the head of government of Portugal. Duties. As head of government, the Prime Minister coordinates the actions of ministers, represents the Government of Portugal to the other bodies of state, is accountable to Parliament and keeps the President informed. The Prime Minister can hold the role of head of government with the portfolio of one or more ministries. Appointment. There is no limit to the number of terms a person can serve as Prime Minister. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President of the Republic. List of prime ministers. Portuguese prime ministers of the Third Portuguese Republic: Living former prime ministers. As of , there are eight living former prime ministers of Portugal, as seen below. The most recent Prime Minister to die was Diogo Freitas do Amaral (served 4 December 1980 – 9 January 1981), on 3 October 2019, aged 78.
Rodney Procter Frelinghuysen (born April 29, 1946) is an American politician. He was the U.S. Representative for , serving from 1995 to 2019. Frelinghuysen has served as Chair of the House Appropriations Committee since 2017. Frelinghuysen announced on January 29, 2018, that he would not seek re-election that year.
Harold Dallas Rogers (born December 31, 1937) is an American politician. He is the U.S. Representative for , serving since 1981. He is a member of the Republican Party. He is the dean of the Kentucky congressional delegation. In 2022, he became the 46th Dean of the United States House of Representatives after Don Young's death. Rogers was the Republican nominee for Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky in 1979. He was on the ballot with former Governor of Kentucky Louie B. Nunn. He lost to Democratic nominee Martha Layne Collins 63%-37%. The following year Rogers won election to Congress.
David Ross Obey ( ; born October 3, 1938) is an American politician. He was the United States Representative for from 1969 to 2011. He is a member of the Democratic Party. Obey served as Chairman of the powerful House Committee on Appropriations from 1994 to 1995 and again from 2007 to 2011. He is the longest-serving member ever of the United States House of Representatives from the state of Wisconsin. On May 5, 2010, Obey announced that he would not seek reelection to Congress in November 2010. He left Congress in January 2011.
Charles Jeremy Lewis (October 21, 1934 – July 15, 2021) was an American politician. He was a U.S. Representative, last serving . He is a former chairman of the House Appropriations Committee, serving in that role during the 109th Congress.  In January 2012 he announced that he was not running for re-election and would end his congressional career in January 2013. Lewis died on July 15, 2021 in Redlands, California at the age of 86.
Richard Andrew Gephardt (born January 31, 1941) is an American politician. He served as a United States Representative from Missouri from 1977 to 2005. He is a member of the Democratic Party. He was House Majority Leader from 1989 to 1995 and Minority Leader from 1995 to 2003. He ran unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for President of the United States in 1988 and 2004. Gephardt was mentioned as a possible vice presidential nominee in 1988, 1992, 2000, 2004, and 2008.
The President of the Portuguese Republic (, ) is the executive head of state of Portugal. The current President of Portugal is Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa, who took office on 9 March 2016. Duties. The President exercises the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces and Grand Master of the Three Orders and shall appoint and remove, at the proposal of the Government, the Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces and the Military Staff Heads of the three branches the Armed Forces. The President appoints the Prime Minister, given the election results, and appoints the other members of the Government by proposal of the Prime Minister. The President declares a state of siege and emergency upon consultation with the Government and with permission of the Parliament. The President decides on referendums put forth to him by Parliament. Terms. Under the Portuguese Constitution adopted in 1976, in the wake of the 1974 Carnation Revolution, the President is elected to a five-year term; there is no limit to the number of terms a president may serve, but a president who serves two consecutive terms may not serve again in the next five years after the second term finishes or in the following five years after his resignation. If the president dies or becomes incapacitated while in office, the President of the Assembly assumes the office with restricted powers until a new president can be inaugurated following fresh elections. Living former Presidents. There are two living former Portuguese Presidents:
Jorge Fernando Branco de Sampaio, , , () (18 September 1939 – 10 September 2021) was a Portuguese lawyer and politician. He was the 18th President of Portugal from 1996 to 2006. He was also the Mayor of Lisbon between 1990 until 1995. Between 1988 until 1992, he was the Leader of the Opposition. In May 2006, Sampaio was appointed by the United Nations Secretary-General as his first Special Envoy for the Global Plan to Stop Tuberculosis. In April 2007, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon designated him as High Representative for the Alliance of Civilizations, a position he held till September 2012. Sampaio died at a hospital in Carnaxide e Queijas, Portugal on 10 September 2021 from respiratory failure, aged 81.
Harold Athol Lanigan Fugard OIS (11 June 1932 – 8 March 2025) was a South African playwright, novelist, actor, and director. He was best known for his political plays opposing the system of apartheid and for the 2005 Academy Award-winning movie of his novel "Tsotsi", directed by Gavin Hood. Fugard was a professor of playwriting, acting and directing in the Department of Theatre and Dance at the University of California, San Diego. He was also an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature. Fugard died at his home in Stellenbosch, Western Cape on 8 March 2025 at the age of 92.
Justin Cole Moore (born March 30, 1984), is an American country music singer-songwriter and guitarist. He has released four studio albums—his self titled debut album in 2009, "Outlaws Like Me" in 2011, "Off the Beaten Path" in 2013, and "Kinda Don't Care" in 2016. He has also charted eleven times on the Hot Country Songs, including with the #1 singles "Small Town USA", "If Heaven Wasn't So Far Away", "Til My Last Day", "Lettin' the Night Roll", "You Look Like I Need a Drink", and "Somebody Else Will"; and the top 10 hits "Backwoods" and "Point at You". Personal life. Moore married his wife, Kate of Houma, Louisiana, in 2007. They have three daughters. Moore is a supporter of the Republican Party. In 2016, he endorsed Donald Trump in the presidential election.
Cornelia Frances Zulver (7 April 1941 – 28 May 2018), credited professionally as Cornelia Frances, was an English-born Australian actress. She was born in Liverpool, England. Frances became well known for her long-running role of Morag Bellingham on "Home and Away" from 1988 until 1993. She also starred as Sister Grace Scott on Nine Network series "The Young Doctors", and Barbara Hamilton on "Sons and Daughters" on Network Seven. In January 2018, Frances revealed that she had bladder cancer that had spread to her hip. She died from the disease on 28 May 2018 in Sydney at the age of 77.
Donald Herod Peterson (October 22, 1933 – May 27, 2018) was an American astronaut. He was born in Winona, Mississippi. Career. Peterson was a United States Air Force officer and NASA astronaut. Peterson was selected for the Manned Orbiting Laboratory (MOL) program, but, when that was canceled, he became a NASA astronaut in September 1969. He was a mission specialist on STS-6 on board "Challenger". During the mission Peterson performed a spacewalk to test the new airlock and space suits. He logged 120 hours in space. Peterson retired from NASA in 1984. Death. Peterson died on May 27, 2018 at his home in El Lago, Texas of Alzheimer's disease and bone cancer at the age of 84.
The serpent is an ancient, low-sounding wind instrument in an 'S' shape. It looks a bit like a snake or serpent. It is made of wood, but had a mouthpiece similar to a trumpet and is classified as a brass instrument. The serpent has a range from C below the bass clef to around F above middle C. It was perhaps invented by Frenchman, Edme Guillaume, in the late 1500s. It made a comeback in the late 1800s and can be heard in Berlioz' "Symphonie Fantastique". The nearest musical instrument to the serpent is the ophicleide, which replaced it in the 19th century. Its place was taken later on by valved bass brass instruments such as the euphonium and tuba.
Xbox is a video game console brand made by Microsoft. It began in 1998 when four employees decided to try to make a system to compete with Sony's PlayStation 2. The employees took apart four Dell computers and built the console from the parts. The employees named the console DirectX Box because it used Microsoft's DirectX graphics program. They showed the console to Ed Fries, who was the leader of Microsoft's game publishing business, and he liked the idea. During work on the project, the name was changed to Xbox. Systems. There are four generations of the Xbox.