ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
The chain pickerel ("Esox niger") is a species of fish that has a number of nicknames such as the grass pickerel, jack, pickerel, common pickerel, and eastern pickerel. It is a freshwater game fish and the smallest member of the Esocidae family. They are native to Atlantic and Gulf Coast tributaries.  Chain pickerel have been introduced into the Lakes Ontario and Erie drainages as well as other places.  They are found in shallow pools of lakes, streams, and tidal and non-tidal rivers. They are ambush feeders that will strike at anything that swims near them. They feed mainly during daylight hours. Physical description. Chain pickerel has the same torpedo-like shape of the Muskellunge and Northern pike. They have different markings than either of their family members. They have a chain-like pattern of dark markings on a yellowish to greenish body. This pattern is what they were named for. Like other pike they have a forked tail fin and a long pointed head. Chain pickerel have a dark bar underneath each eye. The eye color is yellow or yellowish. They can live up to 10 years. Habitat and forage. In waters not shared with Northern pike or Muskies, Chain pickerel can be abundant. They prefer shallow weedy pools and submerged trees, limbs or man-made structures. These can be dock pilings, or riprap. Pickerel ambush their prey. They eat other fish, frogs, crayfish and small mammals. Young pickerel eat aquatic insects and small Crustacea. During the winter months the adult fish move to deeper water. Spawning begins when water temperatures approach 50°F. Unlike others in the pike family, Chain pickerel eggs are sticky and ribbons of eggs stick to underwater weeds. Females lay up to 50,000 eggs. Unlike other fish, Chain pickerel do not remain to guard their young fry. Angling. Chain pickerel are not as popular as other game fish. A good number are caught by accident while fishing for other fish. But they are popular with ice fishermen in the winter. Chain pickerel are a very good fighting fish.
Jimmy Yves Newman (August 29, 1927 – June 21, 2014), better known as Jimmy C. Newman (the C stands for Cajun), was an American singer and a long time star of the Grand Ole Opry. He was known for his songs "Cry Cry Darling" and "A Fallen Star". Newman died of cancer in Nashville on June 21, 2014, aged 86.
Walter Kieber (20 February 1931 – 21 June 2014) was a Liechtenstein politician. He was born in Feldkirch, Austria. Kieber was the Prime Minister of Liechtenstein from 1974 to 1978. He was a member of the Progressive Citizens' Party. He died on 21 June 2014 from prostate cancer in Vaduz, Liechtenstein, aged 83.
Markus Büchel (14 May 1959 – 9 July 2013) was a Liechtenstein politician. He was in office from May to December 1993. He won the elections in 1993 as a candidate for the conservative FBP (Fortschrittliche Bürgerpartei) (Progressive Citizens' Party). In 2002, he became Honorary Consul of Russia in Liechtenstein. He died in 2013, aged 54 from a heart attack. He was survived by his wife, Elena and son David.
The office of Prime Minister of Liechtenstein is the highest and head of the government of Liechtenstein. They are elected every four years. The first Prime Minister of Liechtenstein was Josef Ospelt. The current Prime Minister is Daniel Risch. Head of government. Provincial administrator (1861–1921). The () was the title of the head of government from 1861 to 1921. Prime Minister (1921–present). The () is the current title for the head of government.
Mauren is a city of Liechtenstein. It has a population of 3,700 as of 2008. History. It was first called "Muron" in 1178. It has a memorial to the Liechtenstein educator and historian Peter Kaiser (1793 – 1864).
Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein ("Franz Josef Maria Aloys Alfred Karl Johannes Heinrich Michael Georg Ignaz Benediktus Gerhardus Majella"; 16 August 1906 – 13 November 1989) was the Prince of Liechtenstein from 1938 until his death. Franz Joseph was the son of Prince Aloys of Liechtenstein and Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria. He succeeded his great-uncle, Prince Franz I, after his father renounced his right of succession in his favour in 1921. Franz Joseph was the first ruling prince to live full-time in the principality. He also oversaw the economic development of Liechtenstein from a poor agricultural backwater into one of the richest countries (per capita) in the world.
Franz I, Prince of Liechtenstein, born "Franz de Paula Maria Karl August" (28 August 1853 – 25 July 1938), was the Prince of Liechtenstein between 1929 and 1938.  He was the son of Aloys II of Liechtenstein and his wife Countess Franziska Kinsky. Franz succeeded his older brother Johann II, as Prince of Liechtenstein on August 11, 1929.  Franz I died on 25 July 1938, and was formally succeeded by his grandnephew, Franz Joseph II.
Hans-Adam II (Johannes (Hans) Adam Ferdinand Alois Josef Maria Marko d'Aviano Pius Fürst von und zu Liechtenstein; born 14 February 1945), is the reigning Prince ("Fürst") of Liechtenstein. He has been prince since 1989 and served as regent from 1984 to 1989.  Life. Hans-Adam was born on 14 February 1945 in Zürich, Switzerland. He is the son of Franz Joseph II, Prince ("Fürst") of Liechtenstein and his wife Countess Georgina von Wilczek. His godfather was Pope Pius XII.  In 1967, Hans-Adam married Countess Marie. The following year, the couple had their first child, Alois of Liechtenstein. They have three other children as well. In 1984, Prince Franz Joseph II, while legally remaining head of state, formally handed his powers and duties to Hans-Adam. Hans-Adam formally succeeded as Sovereign Prince of Liechtenstein upon the death of his father on 13 November 1989. Similarly to what his father did, as of 2004, Hans-Adam decided to hand most of his powers and duties to his son. Wealth. As of 2003, the princely family had a family fortune of US$7.6 billion and a personal fortune of about US$4 billion. Hans-Adam's net worth is estimated to be around US$6.20 billion, making him one of the richest heads of state in the world. Titles, styles and honours. Titles and styles. The official title of the Prince is "Fürst von und zu Liechtenstein, Herzog von Troppau und Jägerndorf, Graf zu Rietberg, Regierer des Hauses von und zu Liechtenstein." ("Prince of and at Liechtenstein, Duke of Troppau and Jägerndorf, Count at Rietberg, Sovereign of the House of and at Liechtenstein"). There is a distinction between the German titles of a reigning "Fürst" and non-reigning descendants of a "Fürst" who are titled "Prinz".
Alois Philipp Maria, Hereditary Prince of Liechtenstein and Regent of Liechtenstein, Count of Rietberg (born 11 June 1968), is the first in line to the throne of Liechtenstein. He is the eldest son of Hans Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein, and Countess Marie Aglaë Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau. Alois has been regent of Liechtenstein ("") since 15 August 2004. As such, he has undertaken many royal duties on behalf of his father. He is married to Duchess Sophie of Bavaria.
Peter Kaiser (1 October 1793 – 23 February 1864) was a Liechtenstein historian and politician. He was known for being a great educator and for helping educate the poor of Liechtenstein. He statue of him is in Mauren. He was born in Mauren. Kaiser died in Chur, Switzerland, aged 70.
The flag of Liechtenstein () shows two equal horizontal bands of blue (top) and red with a gold crown on the left side of the blue band. The colors are likely to have been added to represent the Country's royal household in the 1752 teenth century.
Stanford is a census-designated place (CDP) in Santa Clara County, California, United States and is the home of Stanford University. The population was 21,150 at the 2020 census, with a daily population of 35,000. It is next to Palo Alto.
Alan Roger Moller (February 1, 1950 – June 19, 2014) was an American meteorologist, storm chaser, nature and landscape photographer. He was known for advancing spotter training and bridging operational meteorology (particularly severe storms forecasting) with research. Moller died in Fort Worth, Texas from Alzheimer's disease, aged 64.
Elsie Quarterman (November 28, 1910 – June 9, 2014) was an American plant ecologist. She was a Professor Emerita at Vanderbilt University. She is known for her work on the ecology of Tennessee cedar glades. Quarterman was born on November 28, 1910 in Valdosta, Georgia. She earned a B.A. from Georgia State Women's College (now Valdosta State University) in 1932 and earned an M.A. in botany from Duke University in 1943. She died on June 9, 2014, at the age of 103.
Dame Joan Ann Plowright, Baroness Olivier (28 October 1929 – 16 January 2025) was an English actress. Her career spanned over sixty years. She won two Golden Globe Awards and a Tony Award and was nominated for an Academy Award, an Emmy and two BAFTA Awards. She was married to the actor Laurence Olivier from 1961 until his death in 1989. Plowright died at retirement home in Northwood, England on 16 January 2025, at the age of 95.
Curious George is a 2006 American animated adventure film based on the book "Curious George". It is directed by Matthew O'Callaghan. It stars Will Ferrell, Drew Barrymore, Dick Van Dyke, David Cross, Eugene Levy, Joan Plowright, Michael Sorich, Michael Chinyamurindi, Clint Howard, Ed O'Ross, and Frank Welker. It was released on February 11, 2006.
Hans Augusto Rey (September 16, 1898 – August 26, 1977) was an American illustrator and a writer. He was best known for the "Curious George" series of children's picture books that he and his wife Margret Rey created from 1939 to 1966.
Margret Elizabeth Rey (May 16, 1906 – December 21, 1996) was a German-American writer and illustrator of Jewish descent.  She was known best for the "Curious George" series of children's picture books that she and her husband H. A. Rey created from 1939 to 1966. She met her husband Hans Augusto Rey in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil while attempting to escape Nazism.
Ed O'Ross (born July 4, 1946) is an American actor. He is best known for playing Itchy in "Dick Tracy", ruthless Georgian mobster Viktor Rostavili in "Red Heat", and tough-then-alien-possessed police detective Cliff Willis in "The Hidden". O'Ross was born Edward Oross in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania,
Michael Joseph Kelly (born May 22, 1969) is an American actor.  He is best known for his roles in movies such as "Changeling", "Dawn Of The Dead", "Law Abiding Citizen", "The Adjustment Bureau", and "Chronicle", "Now You See Me". He also appeared in the television miniseries "Generation Kill" and the "Criminal Minds" spin-off series "".  He currently plays Doug Stamper in the American adaptation of "House of Cards".
Carla Gugino (born August 29, 1971) is an American actress. She is known for her roles in "Spy Kids", "Sin City", "Race to Witch Mountain", "San Andreas", "Watchmen", "Son in Law", and "Night at the Museum".
American Gigolo is a 1980 American crime drama movie. It is about a male escort in Los Angeles whose job pays for expensive cars, cocaine and clothing. Richard Gere plays Julian. Lauren Hutton plays Michelle. This movie was released on February 8, 1980.
Lena Olin (born 22 March 1955) is a Swedish actress. She played Josephine in "Chocolat". She also played Ruby in "Hollywood Homicide". Olin was born in Stockholm.
The Unbearable Lightness of Being is a 1988 American erotic romantic drama movie. It is based on the novel of the same name. The movie is set in 1968 in Prague and Switzerland. Daniel Day-Lewis plays brain surgeon Tomas. Lena Olin plays Sabina. Juliette Binoche plays Tereza. This movie was released in February 1988.
Maps to the Stars is a 2014 satirical and drama movie. It was directed by David Cronenberg. This movie is about two former child stars and about the relationship of the entertainment industry with western civilization as a whole. Havana is played by Julianne Moore. Dr. Stafford is played by John Cusack. The movie received mostly positive reviews from critics, and performances from the cast were praised. It was released in May 2014.
Leonard Sharp (May 7, 1924 – December 12, 2016) was an American World War II veteran and notorious drug courier, or "mule". He transported drugs, mostly cocaine, across the United States, mostly to and from the southern US border and Detroit, Michigan. He allegedly transported more than 1,000 pounds of cocaine during his years of dealing. Notoriety. He widely considered by the Sinaloa cartel and DEA authorities as an urban legend in Detroit until his arrest in 2013. He pleaded not guilty in October 2013 and was sentenced to three years in prison in May 2014. Sharp was the oldest drug mule in the world. He was released from prison in 2015 due to poor health. Personal life. Sharp was born in Michigan City, Indiana. He was raised in Detroit, Michigan. He fought in World War II and received a Bronze Star Medal for his service.  Sharp had dementia. He died of the natural causes related to the disease on December 12, 2016 in Michigan at the age of 92. The 2018 movie "The Mule" is based on Sharp's life, with Clint Eastwood playing "Earl Stone" (based on Sharp).
Alice Pung (born 1981) is an Australian writer, editor, lawyer and educator. She is best known for writing the memoir "Unpolished Gem" and editing the anthology "Growing Up Asian in Australia". Pung was born in Footscray, Victoria and raised in Braybrook. Her parents were immigrants living in Cambodia. They fled to Australia during Pol Pot's Khmer Rouge regime in 1980. She was born one month after the event. She is the oldest of four siblings.
Tidal locking (or captured rotation) is when one side of an astronomical body always faces another. It is also called synchronous rotation. The classic example is the Moon: the same side of the Moon always faces the Earth.  A tidally locked body takes just as long to rotate around its own axis as it does to revolve around its partner. This makes one hemisphere constantly face the partner body. Usually, at any given time only the satellite is tidally locked around the larger body. If the two bodies are similar in mass, and their distance apart is small, the tidal force will lock "each" to the other. This is the case between Pluto and Charon.  If the Moon were not spinning at all, it would alternately show its near and far sides to Earth, while moving around Earth in orbit. It is possible to work out how long it takes for a particular case of tidal locking to occur. It is just a rough estimate, because some factors are poorly known. An example is the rigidity of a planetary body and its change in shape under tidal force. Tidal locking is an aspect of orbital resonance. List of known tidally locked bodies. Solar System. Locked to the Sun Locked to the Earth Locked to Mars Locked to Jupiter Locked to Saturn Locked to Uranus Locked to Neptune Locked to Pluto "Other" Extra-solar. Hot Jupiters are usually tidally locked to their star.  The close-orbiting giant planet Tau Boötis b is known to be locked to the star Tau Boötis A. Libration. Libration is an oscillating motion of orbiting bodies relative to each other. Examples include the motion of the Moon relative to Earth, or of Trojan asteroids relative to planets. The Moon generally has one hemisphere facing the Earth, due to tidal locking. Therefore, our first view of the far side of the Moon resulted from lunar exploration in the 1960s.  However, this simple picture is only approximately true: over time, slightly "more" than half (about 59%) of the Moon's surface is seen from Earth due to libration. Libration is a slow rocking back and forth of the Moon as viewed from Earth, permitting an observer to see slightly different halves of the surface at different times.
The Horsehead nebula (also known as Barnard 33) is a dark nebula in the constellation Orion.  The nebula is part of the much larger Orion complex. The nebula is located just to the south of the star Alnitak. Alniak is the farthest east on Orion's Belt. It is part of the much larger Orion Molecular Cloud Complex.  Early history. The nebula was first recorded in 1888 by Scottish astronomer Williamina Fleming. It was recorded on photographic plate B2312 taken at the Harvard College Observatory. The Horsehead Nebula is about 1500 light years from Earth. It is one of the most known nebulae because of its shape when seen from Earth.  Composition of the nebula. The dark cloud of dust and gas is a region in the Orion nebula where star formation is taking place. The nebula contains over 100 known organic and inorganic gases. It also consists of large and complex organic molecules. The red or pinkish glow comes from hydrogen gas behind the nebula. Magnetic fields channel the gases leaving the nebula into streams that show as streaks in the background glow. A glowing strip of hydrogen gas marks the edge of the massive cloud. Thee densities of stars are different on either side.  The darkness of the Horsehead is caused by thick dust blocking the light of stars behind it. The lower part of the Horsehead's neck casts a shadow to the left. Bright spots in the Horsehead Nebula's base are young stars just in the process of forming.
Louise Élisabeth de Bourbon (Louise Élisabeth; 22 November 1693–27 May 1775) was a daughter of Louis de Bourbon, Prince of Condé, and his wife, Louise Françoise de Bourbon, herself an illegitimate daughter of Louis XIV of France and Madame de Montespan. She was the wife of Louis Armand de Bourbon. She was the Princess of Conti by marriage. It was Louise Élisabeth who presented Madame de Pompadour to the court of Louis XV; she also built the Hôtel de Brienne, present seat of the French Ministry of Defence. Louise Élisabeth was the Duchess of Étampes in her own right, having succeeded to the title at the death of her aunt Marie Anne de Bourbon.  Biography. Louise Élisabeth was born on 22 November 1693, at the Palace of Versailles. She was a "princesse du sang". In youth, she was known at court as "Mademoiselle de Charolais", a style later borne by her younger sister. Her parents' second daughter, and third child, she was one of nine children: She was baptised in the chapel of Versailles on 24 November 1698 with her brother Louis Henri and her sister Louise Anne. Marriage. The first years of her marriage were full of court cases at the "Parlement de Paris" against her husband due to his violent temper and her desire to leave him.
Lufkin is a city in Texas. History. Lufkin was created in 1882. Geography. Lufkin is located at (31.336874, -94.730374). According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and , or 0.8%, is water. Lufkin is at the crossroads of East Texas at the intersections of Highways US 59, future Interstate 69, which leads to Houston and the Rio Grande Valley to the south and Nacogdoches and Texarkana to the north, and US 69, which leads from the Golden Triangle of southeast Texas (Port Arthur and Beaumont) to points such as Jacksonville, Tyler, Dallas, and Oklahoma to the north. Climate. Regional cities and their distance from Lufkin, Texas include:
Cecilia Helena Payne-Gaposchkin (May 10, 1900 – December 7, 1979) was a British-American astronomer and astrophysicist.  Early life. Payne was born in Wendover, England. In 1919, she won a scholarship to Newnham College, Cambridge University. She studied botany, physics, and chemistry. She was not given a degree because women were not given degrees by Cambridge until 1948. In 1923 she moved to the United States. She became an American citizen in 1931. Personal life. In 1933, she met Russian-born astrophysicist Sergei I. Gaposchkin in Germany. She married him in 1934. She also discovered what elements made up stars.
Carter Godwin Woodson (December 19, 1875 – April 3, 1950) was an African-American historian. Woodson was one of the first scholars to study African-American history. He started the "Journal of Negro History". Woodson was born to James and Eliza Riddle Woodson in Buckingham County, Virginia. He was a famous African-American historian, journalist, author, and founder of the Association for the Study of African American Life and History.
Rodney James Alcala (born Rodrigo Jacques Alcala Buquor; August 23, 1943 – July 24, 2021) was an American rapist and serial killer.  He committed five murders in California from 1977 to 1979. He was sentenced to death in 2010. He was given an extra sentence of 25 years to life after he pled guilty to two homicides in New York which took place in 1971 and 1977. Alcala was sometimes called the ""Dating Game" Killer". During the middle of his murder spree, he appeared on the show in 1978 and won. Early life. When Alcala was 17, Alcala joined the army. In 1964, he was discharged and was diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder. In 1968, he gained a bachelor's degree from UCLA. Death. Alcala died of natural causes on July 24, 2021 in Corcoran, California at the age of 77.
Małgorzata Braunek (30 January 1947 – 23 June 2014) was a Polish actress of movies and stage. She won a Best Supporting Actress Award at the Polish Film Awards for her role in "Tulipany" (2004). She also had roles in movies such as "The Third Part of the Night" (1971), "The Devil" (1972) and "The Deluge" (1974). Braunek was born in Szamotuły. She graduated from the Ludwik Solski Academy for the Dramatic Arts, Warsaw in 1969. She was married to movie director Andrzej Żuławski. They had a son actor and movie producer, Xawery Żuławski (1971). She was a follower and teacher of Zen Buddhism. Braunek died from cancer in Warsaw on 23 June 2014, aged 67.
Peter Greste (born 1 December 1965) is a Latvian-Australian journalist. He is best known for his work as a foreign correspondent. From 1991 to 1995, he was based in the United Kingdom, Bosnia and South Africa. During this time, he worked for Reuters, CNN, WTN and the BBC. He eventually worked for Al Jazeera. In May 2012, he won a Peabody Award for his work on the documentary "Somalia: Land of Anarchy". Greste was born in Sydney, New South Wales. Greste's ethnicity is Latvian. He is a dual citizen of Australia and Latvia. On 29 December 2013, he and other Al Jazeera journalists were arrested in Cairo, Egypt by authorities on terrorism charges relating to the Muslim Brotherhood. On 23 June 2014, Greste was found guilty by the court, and sentenced to seven years jail. United States Secretary of State John Kerry and Australian officials were quick to show support for the jailed journalists. On 2 February 2015, Greste was released from prison and made to leave Egypt. This was ordered by the President of Egypt, Abdel Fattah al-Sisi, because of a new law which lets the government deport foreign prisoners.
The Orion complex (sometimes called the Orion molecular cloud complex) is a huge star-forming area in the constellation of Orion.  It is a large group of bright nebulae, dark clouds, and young star clusters. The cloud is between 1,500 and 1,600 light-years away and is hundreds of light-years across. Several parts of the nebula can be seen through binoculars and small telescopes. Some parts (such as the Orion nebula) are visible to the naked eye. The nebula is important because of its sheer size. It is also one of the most active regions of stellar formation that can be seen in the night sky. In it are protoplanetary discs and many very young stars. The nebula is very bright in the infrared wavelengths due to the heat-intensive processes involved in star formation. The complex contains dark nebulae, emission nebulae, reflection nebulae, and HII regions. Nebulae in the complex. The following is a list of notable nebulae in the larger nebula complex: Also the Orion OB1 Association is part of this complex. This is a group of several dozen hot giant stars of spectral types O and B. These are blue and blue-white stars.
Sara Kristina Widén (9 May 1981 – 13 June 2014) was a Swedish opera singer (soprano). From 2013 until her death, she was starring in productions by the Royal Swedish Opera. Widén was born in Halmstad, Halland County. Her younger brother Jacob Widén (born 1983) is a member of the punk rock band Neverstore. Widén died from cancer on 13 June 2014 in Stockholm, aged 33.