ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Benjamin McLane Spock (May 2, 1903 – March 15, 1998) was an American pediatrician whose book "Baby and Child Care" (1946) is one of the best-sellers of all time. The book said to mothers "you know more than you think you do". Spock was the first pediatrician to study psychoanalysis to try to understand children's needs. His ideas influenced parents to be more flexible and affectionate with their children, and to treat them as individuals. However, his theories were also widely criticized by colleagues. According to the critics, he relied too heavily on anecdotal evidence rather than serious academic research. Spock was regarded as a radical during the troubled times of the Vietnam War. Spock won an Olympic gold medal in rowing in 1924 while attending Yale University.
East Midlands Airport is an international airport in the East Midlands of England. It is close to Castle Donington, Leicestershire, between Loughborough (), Derby () and Nottingham (); Leicester is () to the south. East Midlands Airport is a hub for low-fare airlines such as Jet2.com and Ryanair. It is also used by tour operators like TUI Airways which serve a range of domestic and European short-haul destinations. It is a base for BMI Regional, Flybe, and Thomas Cook Airlines.
Grasslands National Park () is a national park in Canada. It is near the village of Val Marie, Saskatchewan. It is the second national park of Canada that was created in Saskatchewan. The park is next to the border between Canada and the United States. It is next to the state of Montana. More than 18 000 people visit the park every year. The park was created in 1981. Before this, the only national park in Saskatchewan was Prince Albert National Park. The park has some of Canada's last prairie grasslands that humans have not affected. The park's climate also lets some rare and endangered plants and animals live there. Grasslands National Park also have Canada's last black-tailed prairie dog groups. The park is also a dark-sky preserve. Grasslands National Park is the darkest dark-sky preserve in Canada. It is also one of the darkest in the world. Grasslands National Park also has a lot of fossils. It has many fossils that can't be found in other parts of Canada. Some of the fossils come from the Miocene Era. History. Before the 1950s, the First Nations people of Canada lived in the park. They hunted animals in the park. Many people wanted to protect the grasslands in the area. They also wanted to protect the plants and animals that lived in the area. In the 1950s and 1960s, many people wanted a large area of grasslands protected. A study in 1965 showed that this area of Saskatchewan would be the best place to start a park. Both the governments of Alberta and Saskatchewan created a group to listen to the public's opinion in 1975. The group said that the public wanted the park to be created. In 1981, the governments of Saskatchewan and Canada signed an agreement. This would make sure that a park would be created. After the agreement was signed, Parks Canada bought two ranches. These ranches were near the Frenchman River and were . In 1988, many organisations came together to add to the 1981 agreement. This would make it so that Grasslands National Park would be created. The plan for the park would be that it would
Cherry County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. It is the largest county in the state by area. As of the 2020 census, 5,455 people lived there. The county seat is Valentine. It was founded in 1883.
Custer County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska, and was founded on February 17, 1877. As of the 2020 census, 10,545 people lived there. The county seat is Broken Bow. It is the second largest county in Nebraska by area, after Cherry County.
Jamal Ahmad Khashoggi (13 October 1958 – 2 October 2018) was a Saudi Arabian journalist and "Washington Post" columnist, famous for his critical opinions on his country's government and gained international attention following his controversial disappearance and murder in 2018. After finishing university at Indiana State University in the United States, Khashoggi returned home to Saudi Arabia and became a journalist for various newspapers. In his articles, he promoted democracy, women’s and human rights, and reforms leading to disagreements with the religious and political elites. Jamal Khashoggi fled to the US to continue expressing his opinion. In preparation for his planned marriage, he travelled to Istanbul to get the required paperwork at the Saudi consulate. After entering the Saudi consulate, Jamal Khashoggi was killed, likely on orders of Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed Bin Salman. Journalistic Career. After finishing primary and secondary education in Saudi Arabia, Khashoggi obtained a bachelor's degree in Business Administration at Indiana State University. After his studies, Khashoggi became a journalist for the Saudi newspaper Saudi Gazette. Between 1987 and 1999, Khashoggi worked for Alsharq Alawsat, Arab News and Al Hayat. Over that time he documented the Afghanistan War and the first Gulf War and became an expert in political Islam. In 1999 he started working for the Saudi newspaper Al-Watan but was fired for criticising the political and religious Saudi elites. He then became advisor to the Saudi ambassador to the United Kingdom, Prince Turki Al-Faisal. In 2007, he started working again for Al-Watan and was fired again for his liberal views. Khashoggi’s 2015 initiative to start his own liberal broadcast channel based in Bahrain was immediately shut down by the government of Bahrain. After his exile to the United States, Khashoggi worked as an independent writer for the Washington Post and his columns were published both in English and Arabic. Political Views. Jamal Khashoggi's job as a journalist made him document the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and the first Gulf War between 1979 and 1991. He met Osama Bin Laden whom he initially supported
Sir Roger Geoffrey Gibbs (13 October 1934 – 3 October 2018) was a British financier. He held senior positions on the board of directors of Arsenal Football Club, the Wellcome Trust and Fleming Family &amp; Partners. Gibbs died on 3 October 2018 at the age of 83.
Joseph Kamaru (8 November 1938 – 3 October 2018) was a Kenyan rock and gospel musician and political activist. He was a leading Kikuyu musician, who has sold about half a million records. He was known for his politically motivated songs. His music covered the teachings of life and sexual harassment in Kenyan politics and social culture. He was known for his friendship with Presidents Jomo Kenyatta and Daniel arap Moi. Kamaru died on 3 October 2018 at the age of 79 at a hospital in Nairobi from complications of Parkinson's disease.
Bent Lorentzen (11 February 1935 – 3 October 2018) was a Danish composer. He was born in Djursland, Denmark. He was one of the outstanding figures in contemporary Danish music. In 1970, he was awarded the "Prix Italia". He was named Choral Composer of the Year in Denmark in 1989. Lorentzen was one of the earliest composers in the field of Danish electronic music such as "The Bottomless Pit" in 1972 for the "Nordic Music Days" in Oslo, and "Visions 1978". His last opera " Der Steppenwolf" was shown in 2016. Lorentzen died on 3 October 2018 in Copenhagen from lymphoma at the age of 83.
Hamiet Bluiett (; September 16, 1940 – October 4, 2018) was an American jazz saxophonist, clarinetist, and composer. His instrument was the baritone saxophone. Bluiett was born in Brooklyn, Illinois. He was thought to be one of the finest players of this instrument. He was member of the World Saxophone Quartet, he also played (and records with) the bass saxophone, E-flat alto clarinet, E-flat contra-alto clarinet, and wooden flute. Bluiett died of complications from a stroke in Brooklyn, Illinois on October 4, 2018 at the age of 78.
Brooklyn (popularly known as Lovejoy), is a village in St. Clair County, Illinois, United States. It is located two miles north of East St. Louis, Illinois and three miles northeast of downtown St. Louis, Missouri. It is the oldest town incorporated by African Americans in the United States.  In 2015, the county's state attorney Brendan Kelly described the village as a 'failed state.' In 2020, the population was 649.
Kevin Marcus Ellison (January 8, 1987 – , 2018) was an American football safety. He was born in Inglewood, California. He last played for the Seattle Seahawks of the National Football League. He was drafted by the San Diego Chargers in the sixth round of the 2009 NFL Draft.  He played college football at Southern California. Ellison died in October 2018, according to the University of Southern California, at the age of 31. After his death, an autopsy revealed that Ellison had been suffering from Stage 2 chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE).
Kurt Malangré (18 September 1934 – 4 October 2018) was a German politician. He was born in Aachen.  In 1972 he was elected Mayor of Aachen, and from 1973–1989 he was Lord Mayor. From 1979 to 1999 he was also Member of the European Parliament. Malangré died on October 4, 2018 in Aachen from lung cancer at the age of 84.
David Poole Anderson (May 6, 1929 – October 4, 2018) was an American sportswriter. He was born in Troy, New York. In 1981 he won a Pulitzer Prize for commentary on sporting events. He was the author of 21 books and more than 350 magazine articles. Anderson died on October 4, 2018 at the age of 89 in Cresskill, New Jersey from heart failure.
William Gale "Will" Vinton (November 17, 1947 – October 4, 2018) was an American animator and filmmaker. He won an Oscar for his work and several Emmy Awards and Clio Awards. He was born in McMinnville, Oregon. Vinton was known for his works "The California Raisins", "The Adventures of Mark Twain" and "Return to Oz". Vinton died of multiple myeloma in Portland, Oregon on October 4, 2018 at the age of 70.
The coat of arms of Brazil was adopted on November 19, 1889, four days after Brazil became a republic. The coat of arms has the central emblem bordered by coffee (at the left) and tobacco (at the right) branches, which are important crops in Brazil. In the blue circle in the center, the Southern Cross () can be seen. The ring of 27 stars around it represents Brazil's 26 states and the Federal District. The blue ribbon has the official name of Brazil (República Federativa do Brasil — Federative Republic of Brazil) in its first line. In the second line, the date of the federative republic's establishment (November 15, 1889) is written.
Jimmy Duquennoy (9 June 1995 – 5 October 2018) was a Belgian cyclist. He rode for WB Aqua Protect Veranclassic. He was born in Tournai, Belgium. Duquennoy died at age 23 after suffering cardiac arrest at his home in Wez-Velvain, Belgium.
On October 6, 2018, at approximately 19:11, a magnitude 5.9 earthquake struck 19 km northwest of Port-de-Paix, Haiti. The earthquake killed at least 12 people, and shaking was felt as far away as Port-au-Prince. The earthquake was the strongest to hit Haiti since January 12, 2010.
The United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement (USMCA; Spanish: "Acuerdo Estados Unidos-México-Canadá", AEUMC; French: "Accord États-Unis-Mexique-Canada", AÉUMC) is a free trade agreement between Canada, Mexico, and the United States, replacing the previous North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). It is the result of the 2017–2018 renegotiation of NAFTA by its member states, which informally agreed to the terms on September 30, 2018, and formally on October 1. The agreement came into effect on July 1, 2020. Compared to NAFTA, the agreement gives the U.S. more access to Canada's $19 billion dairy market, more domestic production of cars and trucks, increases environmental and labor regulations, and introduces updated intellectual property protections.
Ivar Odnes (25 May 1963 – 5 October 2018) was a Norwegian politician for the Centre Party. He was a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Oppland during the term 2013–2017. He was born in Østre Toten and was from 2011 the deputy county mayor of Oppland. Odnes died of pancreatic cancer on 5 October 2018 in Oslo at the age of 55.
Evert (Eef) Brouwers (9 March 1939 – 6 October 2018) was a Dutch journalist and spokesman. He was born in Zwolle, Netherlands. He worked as a news presenter at Regionale Omroep Noord en Oost, AVRO, NOS Studio Sport, NOS and NOS Journaal. From 1977–1983 he was editor in chief of the Northern Dutch regional journal Nieuwsblad van het Noorden. In 1995 he made a career move to become director-general of the Dutch information service "Rijksvoorlichtingsdienst", a position he had until January 1, 2004. Brouwers died on 6 October 2018 in The Hague from colorectal cancer at the age 79.
Melvin Harrison Turpin (December 28, 1960 – July 8, 2010), who commonly went by Mel Turpin, was an American professional basketball player. He played college basketball at the University of Kentucky, and professionally in the NBA for the Cleveland Cavaliers, Utah Jazz and Washington Bullets. He also played briefly in Liga ACB in Spain. After a brilliant college career, which saw Turpin set several SEC records, Turpin was considered a draft disappointment in the 1984 NBA draft class, which is considered by many to be the greatest NBA draft class in history (Hall of Famers from the class include Hakeem Olajuwon, Michael Jordan, Charles Barkley, John Stockton and Oscar Schmidt - in the NBA, Jordan performed a rather famous dunk on Turpin). Turpin's relatively lackluster play in the professional ranks earned him many condescending nicknames, including Dinner Bell Mel and The Mealman. Other nicknames he obtained over his career include Big Dipper, and in Spain, El Mel and El Mucho Grande. On July 8, 2010, Turpin committed suicide in his home in Lexington, Kentucky from an apparent self-inflicted gunshot wound.
Marvin Darnell Harrison (born August 25, 1972) is a former American football wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for Syracuse University, and was drafted by the Indianapolis Colts in the first round of the 1996 NFL Draft. He spent all 13 of his NFL seasons with the Colts, most of them with quarterback Peyton Manning, and is widely considered as one of the greatest and most productive wide receivers in NFL history. He earned a Super Bowl ring with the team in Super Bowl XLI over the Chicago Bears. Harrison was a Pro Football Hall of Fame finalist for the Classes of 2014 and 2015 before being elected in 2016, the same year his former coach Tony Dungy was voted into the Hall.
"Louie Louie" is a rhythm and blues song written by Richard Berry in 1955 and best known for the 1963 hit version by The Kingsmen. It is a rock standard. "Louie Louie" tells, in simple verse–chorus form, the first-person story of a Jamaican sailor returning to the island to see his lady love. The Kingsmen's cover recording was the subject of an FBI investigation about the supposed but nonexistent obscenity of the lyrics, an investigation that ended without prosecution. Ironically, the recording notably includes the drummer yelling "Fuck!" after dropping his drumstick at the 0:54 mark. While the Kingsmen's version did not top the "Billboard" chart, it did reach #1 on "Cashbox" for two weeks, and it was the last #1 before Beatlemania hit the United States with "I Want to Hold Your Hand". The Kingsmen's version of "Louie Louie" is considered the epitome of garage rock and is often considered one of the greatest rock songs of all time.
"White Rabbit" is a song written by Grace Slick and recorded by the American rock band Jefferson Airplane for their 1967 album "Surrealistic Pillow". The song is notable for its opening bassline played by Jack Casady, its bolero-type form, and for its drug references, which are believed to be the first of their kind to make it past radio censorship.  The song is influenced by "Alice in Wonderland". It is notably used in the movie "Platoon" (not to be confused with the film's theme, which is "Adagio for Strings"). The song often appears on critics' lists of the greatest songs of all time, and at 2:31, it is often one of the shortest songs in length on these lists.
A red supergiant (RSG) is a larger and brighter type of red giant star. Red supergiants are often variable stars. They are between 100 to 1,600 times bigger than the Sun. Examples of a red supergiant star include Antares, 119 Tauri, Betelgeuse, Epsilon Pegasi, and VV Cephei A. Most red supergiant stars explode as supernovae. Some of the brightest become Wolf-Rayet stars before they explode.  Red supergiants are stars are some of the brightest stars. They are also the largest stars in the universe. Betelgeuse and Antares are the brightest and best known red supergiants. They are also the only first magnitude red supergiant stars.
Hyakutake is a comet. It had the longest found comet tail of any comet, similar to 500 million kilometers. It will return in about 70,000 years. It was discovered on January 31, 1996. Because of its brightness and visibility, it was named the Great Comet of 1996.
Benevenuto Daciolo Fonseca dos Santos (born 30 March 1976), known as Cabo Daciolo (Corporal Daciolo in English), is a Brazilian military firefighter and politician. He was born in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. He is a member of Patriota (PATRI). In 2014, he was elected federal deputy from Rio de Janeiro. He wa expelled from PSOL in 2015.  On 28 March 2018, he was chosen by Patriota as pre-candidate for President of Brazil in the 2018 general election.
José Maria Eymael (born 2 November 1939) is a Brazilian politician, lawyer and businessman. He is the founder of the Democracia Cristã (DC), known in English as the Christian Democracy. He was born in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. In 1985 Eymael was a candidate for mayor of São Paulo, but lost the election. In 1986 and again in 1990, he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies of Brazil, the lower house of the National Congress of Brazil. He ran again for mayor of São Paulo in 1992 but lost again. He unsuccessfully ran for President of Brazil in the 2018 election and 2022 election under the Christian Democracy party.
Quentin Evan Kenihan (27 February 1975 – 6 October 2018) was an Australian disability activist, politician, comedian and actor. He was born with osteogenesis imperfecta, a bone disease in Box Hill, Victoria. He later was the host of a Ten Network television show "Quentin Crashes". In 2016, Kenihan was interviewed by Ray Martin in a notable interview that helped Kenihan's recognition. He was best known for his role in "" in the role of Corpus Colossus.  Kenihan was nominated as a councillor candidate for Adelaide at the elections on 9 November 2018. Kenihan died on 6 October 2018 in Adelaide, South Australia from an asthma attack, aged 43.
Oleg Pavlov (; 16 March 1970 – 7 October 2018) was a Russian novelist. From Moscow, he was the winner of the Russian Booker Prize. Pavlov went on to win the Prize in 2002 with his next book, the second novel in what would become the trilogy "Tales from the Last Days". His first novel, "Captain of the Steppe", has been translated into English and published by And Other Stories in 2013. In his 2003 book "The Russian Man in the 20th Century", he wrote about Russian life, not only based on his personal experience. Pavlov died in Moscow on 7 October 2018 from a heart attack at the age of 48.
Small seal script, or xiaozhuang characters, was the first set of Chinese characters that were made the standard all across China. Previously, each of the Warring States had their own Chinese characters. People from one state did not understand the characters from another. When the Qin dynasty (221 BC to 206 BC) conquered the other states, Emperor Qin Shi Huang forced all Imperial China to use Qin characters and Qin units of measurement. This allowed people all across China to communicate with each other without confusion. Since the strokes used to write small seal script characters were very long, curvy, and difficult to write quickly, officials of the Han dynasty replaced small seal script with traditional characters, which are still used today in China. However, since small seal characters look very artistic, they can still be seen in Chinese seals and calligraphy today.
Imperial China is a period of Chinese history. It lasted over 2,000 years. It began with Qin Shi Huang's uniting of China under the Qin dynasty in 221 BC. It ended with the overthrow of the Qing dynasty in 1911. Throughout this period, many features of Chinese civilization spread throughout all of China. These included Confucianism, standardized testing, standardized weights and counting systems, trade routes, and Chinese characters. China became known worldwide for all these features.  Throughout this period, China had been ruled by many different dynasties, or ruling family lines. They included the Qin, Han, Sui, Tang, Song, Yuan/Mongol, Ming, and Qing/Manchu dynasties. There were also several periods where China had been ruled by several different kingdoms. Throughout most of Imperial China, China had been ruled by emperors and empresses who were Han Chinese. However, there were some dynasties where the ruling class was made of Chinese minority groups, such as the Yuan and Qing dynasties. They were ruled by the Mongols and Manchus in that same order.
A standardized test is a test that is done and scored in a consistent, or "standard", manner. Standardized tests are designed so that everything about them are standard. They are administered and scored in a predetermined, standard manner. Often they are used as a test to join an institution or gain a license of some sort. The grading system is the same no matter where they are taken. They can be used for university entry, like the SAT and ACT in the United States or the Gaokao in the People's Republic of China (PRC). They can be used a requirement to get a job, like the LSAT for lawyers. In the United States the term is often used for the multiple-choice questions used in the educational system. They are thought by some to be a poor way to measure educational progress. They are, however, convenient and cheap. Marking does not require expertise in the subject-matter. Many psychological tests are designed to be standardized. They are designed to be "an objective and standardized measure of a sample of behavior". The first known standardized test was in Imperial China, when Empress Wu allowed anyone who passed the test to be a government official based on their merit rather than birthright, meaning that people work to become leaders rather than being born into leadership. However, we do not know the details of this system.