ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Drag racing is a competition between specially prepared automobiles or motorcycles. Racers compete, two at a time, to be the first to cross a finish line. Races are run from a standing start, in a straight line, over a measured distance, usually a ¼-mile straight track. The race track, known as a dragstrip, usually uses an electronic timing system to decide the winner. Basics of drag racing. Before each race, each driver is allowed to perform a burnout by spinning the driving tires. Burnouts heat the driving tires and lay rubber down at the beginning of the track to improve traction. The drivers then line up at the starting line. Races are started electronically by a system known as a Christmas tree.  Below the staging lights are three large amber lights, a green light, and a red light. When both drivers are staged, the tree is set to start the race causing the three large amber lights to illuminate, followed by the green light. If the front tires leave the starting line before the green light illuminates, the red light for that driver's lane illuminates instead. This indicates disqualification (unless a more serious violation occurs). Once a driver commits a red-light foul (also known as "redlighting"), the other driver can also commit a foul start by leaving the line too early but still win, having left later. Should both drivers leave after the green light illuminates, the one leaving first is said to have a "holeshot advantage". The first vehicle to cross the finish line wins the race. The elapsed time is a measure of performance only; it does not determine the winner. Because elapsed time does not include reaction time and each lane is timed separately, a car with a slower elapsed time can actually win if that driver's holeshot advantage exceeds the elapsed time difference. This is known as a "holeshot win". Several measurements are taken for each race: reaction time, elapsed time, and speed. Reaction time is the period from the lighting of the green light to the vehicle leaving the starting line. Elapsed time is the time from the vehicle leaving the starting line to crossing the finish line. Speed is measured through a speed trap covering the final to the finish line, indicating the
A dragstrip is a facility for conducting automobile and motorcycle acceleration events such as drag racing. Although a quarter mile (402 m) is the best known measure for a drag track, many tracks are eighth mile (201 m) tracks. The race is begun from a standing start. Three factors decide the outcome of the race: reaction time, torque, and traction. Features. A dragstrip is a straight racetrack, usually an eighth or a quarter of a mile long (660/1320 feet, 201/402 metres), followed by a "shutdown area" to allow automobiles room to stop after crossing the finish line. Common features also include a 'water box' where cars and motorcycles start their burn-outs to clean and heat up their tires to improve traction. There is a set of lights known as a 'Christmas Tree' that counts down to the start. There are also return lanes for the vehicles to return from the end of the track to the pit area.
Olympia is an 1863 oil painting by Édouard Manet. When it was first exhibited in 1865, the subject of the painting was controversial.  History. Manet reworked Giorgione's "The Sleeping Venus" (c. 1510) and Titian's "Venus of Urbino" (c. 1538) in creating "Olympia". "Olympia" may also take inspiration from Francisco Goya's "La maja desnuda" (c. 1800). This is uncertain however. Victorine Meurent was Manet's model for "Olympia". She posed as a bullfighter for him and also for the "Dejeuner sur l'Herbe" of 1862-63. Manet painted "Olympia" in the autumn of 1863. The work was first seen by the public at the 1865 Salon in Paris. Manet delayed showing the painting because he feared it might produce some negative reactions. Reaction. "Olympia" did produce negative reactions: people hated it. Some people thought the painting was immoral and vulgar. Critic Paul de Saint-Victor wrote in "La Presse", "People throng in front of Manet's putrid "Olympia" as they would in front of a body in the Morgue. This is art fallen so low that it is not even worthy of censure". Nathaniel Harris writes, "In reviewing "Olympia" Gautier wrote that the model was puny, the bed covered with cat's footprints, the general effect ugly: but then he made the point that "we would forgive the ugliness, were it only truthful ... The least beautiful woman has bones, muscles, skin, and some sort of colour", whereas on this woman the flesh colour was dirty and the modeling non-existent." Some liked the painting. Émile Zola said it was Manet's "masterpiece". He added, "When other artists correct nature by painting Venus they lie. Manet asked himself why he should lie. Why not tell the truth?" In 1866 Zola wrote with tongue-in-cheek,
Filipinos (Filipino: "mga Filipino") are a group of people from the Philippines, a country in Southeast Asia. They speak any of the languages of the Philippines. Most Filipinos also speak Filipino and English as second languages in addition to their native and first languages or the other languages of the Philippines. Most Filipinos are Christian, with a Muslim minority especially in southwestern and central Mindanao, which is the southern island group of the Philippines. Due to colonial influences, Filipino culture is a blend of Spanish, American, and indigenous cultures.
Little Dancer of Fourteen Years () (1881) is a statue by Edgar Degas. The work measures 81 inches in height. The subject is a young dance student named Marie van Goethem. The relationship between van Goethem and Degas is uncertain. It was not unusual for the young dancers of the Paris Opera to seek protectors from among the well-heeled visitors at the back door of the opera. The statue was shown in Paris at the Sixth Impressionist Exhibition of 1881. It received mixed reviews. Most critics were shocked by the piece. They thought it was ugly. Degas exhibited it inside a glass case. Some thought it was a medical specimen. The head and face were thought grotesque and primitive. The dancer is dressed in a cotton skirt and is wearing a hair ribbon. For a finishing touch Degas used a wig made of real hair. He covered it with wax. The only parts not covered with wax were the ribbon given to him by van Goethem and the tutu. Each museum that shows this figure gives it a different tutu. The original wax model was acquired by Paul Mellon in 1956. The sculpture was originally made in wax before it was cast in bronze. Degas's wife and daughter made the decision to have 27 of them cast in bronze. The casting was undertaken at the Hébrard foundry in Paris from 1920 until the mid-20th century. These statues posthumous Degas bronzes can be seen in many museums. Sixty-nine original sculptures in wax and mixed-media survived the casting process.
Heavy mortars are large-calibre mortars which fire a heavy shell on a high angle trajectory. These weapons have a short range, but are usually less complex than similar sized field artillery. This category includes the "Trench Mortars" of World War I. These were all heavy and difficult to move.
Madame Georges Charpentier and Her Children (1878) is an oil on canvas by Pierre-Auguste Renoir. He displayed it at the Salon in 1879. It drew much attention and admiration. Publisher Georges Charpentier commissioned the painting. It is in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City.  The Metropolitan Museum of Art describes the painting: "Wearing an elegant Worth gown, Marguérite Charpentier sits beside her three-year-old son, Paul. Following the fashion of the time, his hair has not yet been cut and his clothes match those of his sister, Georgette, who perches on the family dog. Pleased with the painting, Madame Charpentier used her influence to ensure that it was hung in a choice spot at the Salon and introduced Renoir to her friends, several of whom commissioned work from him."
Kim Jang-saeng (, July 8 1548 - August 3 1631) was a Korean scholar, writer, politician, and Neo-Confucian philosopher of the Joseon period. His penname was Sagye (사계, 沙溪). His courtesy names were Huiwon () and Huiji () .
Hermes and the Infant Dionysos is a statue possibly made by the ancient Greek sculptor Praxiteles. The statue was discovered in 1877 in the ruins of the Temple of Hera at Olympia, Greece. It is now in the Archaeological Museum of Olympia. The statue was probably made in the 4th century BC. This date is based on a remark by the 2nd century Greek traveller Pausanias. Hermes stands 2.15 meters (7 ft. ½ in.) tall. He is missing two fingers of his left hand, both forearms below the elbow, the left foot, and his penis. Dionysos is missing his arms (except the right hand on Hermes' shoulder). He is missing the end of his right foot. Much of the tree trunk and the plinth are also lost. However, an ancient base survives, made of a grey limestone block between two blocks of marble. The group is sculpted from a block of Parian marble. Hermes measures 2.10/2.12 meters, 3.70 m with the base. The right foot of Hermes is integral with a section of the base. The face and torso of Hermes are striking for their highly polished, glowing surface. The back shows the marks of the rasp and chisel. The rest of the sculpture is not completely finished. At the time of its discovery, the hair had some slight traces of cinnabar, a form of mercury sulfate with a red color that may have been a preparation for gilding. Cinnabar tints are seen on the sandal straps of the original foot, with traces of gilding. The sandal also bears the motif of a Heraclean knot.
Lilith is a female demon in Jewish legends, found first in the Dead Sea scrolls and Book of Isaiah(34:14). The legend is related to a Hebrew language term lilith meaning night, and has also been linked to beliefs about demons called "lili" in ancient Mesopotamia. It is believed by some that during creation, Lilith was made before Eve was. This version states she was created from the same dirt as Adam.  She later came to change the earth and make it peaceful. To make the blind see. To let man kind have power over themselves and not let a narcissist rule. To let love and joy rule. Just like magic. As Lilth did not follow Adam, she later fled Eden after the creation of Eve. Lilith is commonly known for being Lucifer's wife and Queen of Hell. In the modern era some people think of Lilith as a sign for feminism as she refused to be ruled by a man.
A common year starting on Wednesday is a common year that begins on Wednesday, January 1 and ends on Wednesday, December 31. Thus, its dominical letter is E. Examples include 1986, 1997, 2003, 2014, 2025 (the current year), and 2031 in the Gregorian calendar, or likewise, 1998, 2009, 2015, and 2026 in the Julian calendar. This common year is one of the three possible common years in which a century year can begin on, and occurs in century years that yield a remainder of 200 when divided by 400. The most recent such year was 1800 and the next one will be 2200 in the Gregorian calendar (see bottom tables). In this common year, January and October begin on Wednesday, February, March and November begin on Saturday, April and July begin on Tuesday, May begins on Thursday, June begins on Sunday, August begins on Friday and September and December begin on Monday. This common year is one of three common years with only one Friday the 13th, the others being Common year starting on Friday and Common year starting on Saturday. The Friday the 13th in this common year is in June. This characteristic is shared with a Leap year starting on Tuesday. This common year is one of three common years with two Friday the 17ths, the other two being Common year starting on Thursday and Common year starting on Friday. The Friday the 17ths in this common year are in January and October. This common year is one of three common years with only one Tuesday the 13th, the others being Common year starting on Sunday and Common year starting on Tuesday. The only Tuesday the 13th in this common year is in May. Leap years starting on Tuesday share this characteristic. In this common year, Martin Luther King Jr. Day is on January 20, Valentine’s Day is on a Friday, Presidents Day is on February 17, Daylight Savings Time begins on March 9, St. Patrick’s Day is on a Monday, Mother’s Day is on May 11, Memorial Day is on May 26, Father
A common year starting on Tuesday is a common year that begins on Tuesday, January 1 and ends on Tuesday, December 31. Thus, its dominical letter is F. Examples include 1985, 1991, 2002, 2013, 2019 and 2030 in the Gregorian calendar, or, likewise, 1997, 2003, 2014 and 2025 in the Julian calendar (see bottom tables). In this common year, January and October begin on Tuesday, February, March, and November begin on Friday, April and July begin on Monday, May begins on a Wednesday, June begins on a Saturday, August begins on a Thursday and September and December begin on Sunday. This common year is one of three common years with two Friday the 13ths, the other two being Common year starting on Sunday and Common year starting on Monday. The Friday the 13ths in this common year are in September and December. This characteristic share it with a Leap year starting on Monday. From July of the year preceding this type of year (either a Leap year starting on Sunday or Common year starting on Monday) is the longest gap (14 months) between two instances of Friday the 13th. Leap years starting on Saturday share this characteristic, from August of the year that precedes it (Common year starting on Friday) to October in that type of year. This common year is one of three common years with only one Friday the 17th, the others being Common year starting on Monday and Common year starting on Saturday. The only Friday the 17th in this common year is in May. Leap years starting on Monday share this characteristic. This common year is one of three common years with only one Tuesday the 13th, the others being Common year starting on Wednesday and Common year starting on Sunday. The only Tuesday the 13th in this common year is in August. Leap years starting on Monday share this characteristic, but also have another one in February. If the year following this type of year is a leap year, this type of year will have the longest gap between two instances of Tuesday the 13th, from August to October of the following year
A common year starting on Monday is a common year that begins on Monday, January 1 and ends on Monday, December 31. Thus, its dominical letter is G. Examples include 1979, 1990, 2001, 2007, 2018 and 2029 in the Gregorian calendar, or, likewise, 1991, 2002, 2013, 2019, and 2030 in the Julian calendar. This common year is one of the three possible common years in which a century year can begin on, and occurs in century years that yield a remainder of 300 when divided by 400. The most recent such year was 1900 and the next one will be 2300 in the Gregorian calendar (See tables at bottom). In this common year, January and October start on Monday, February, March and November start on Thursday, April and July start on Sunday, May starts on Tuesday, June starts on Friday, August starts on Wednesday and September and December start on Saturday. This common year is one of three common years with two Friday the 13ths, the other two being Common year starting on Sunday and Common year starting on Tuesday. The Friday the 13ths in this common year are in April and July. This characteristic is shared with Leap year starting on Sunday but they also have another one in January. If the following year is a common year, this type of year will have the longest gap (14 months) between two instances of Friday the 13th, from July of this year to September the following year. If the following year is a leap year, the gap is reduced to 11 months as the next Friday the 13th is in June. This common year is one of three common years with only one Friday the 17th, the others being Common year starting on Tuesday and Common year starting on Saturday. The only Friday the 17th in this common year is in August. Leap years starting on Sunday share this characteristic, but also have another one in February. If the year following this type of year is a leap year, this type of year will have the longest gap (14 months) between two instances of
A common year starting on Thursday is a common year that begins on Thursday, January 1, and ends on Thursday, December 31. Thus, its dominical letter is D. Examples include 1970, 1981, 1987, 1998, 2009, 2015, and 2026 in the Gregorian calendar, or, likewise, 1993, 1999, 2010, 2021, and 2027 in the Julian calendar (see bottom tables).  In this common year, January and October begin on Thursday, February, March, and November begin on Sunday, April and July begin on Wednesday, May begins on Friday, June begins on Monday, August begins on Saturday and September and December begin on Tuesday. This is the only common year with three occurrences of Friday the 13th, in February, March and November. The other type of year with three occurrences of Friday the 13th is a Leap year starting on Sunday which has three Friday the 13ths in January, April, and July. Additionally, with the exception of skipped leap years, leap years starting on Sunday fall exactly three years either side of two consecutive common years starting on Thursday; the most recent occurrence was 2012 between 2009 and 2015. From February until March in this type of year is also the shortest period (one month) that runs between two instances of Friday the 13th. This common year is one of three common years with two Friday the 17ths, the others being Common year starting on Wednesday and Common year starting on Friday. The Friday the 17ths in this common year are in April and July. Leap years starting on Wednesday share this characteristic, but also have another one in January. If the year following this type of year is a common year, this type of year will have the longest gap (14 months) between two instances of Friday the 17ths, from July of this year to September of the following year. If the following year is a leap year, the gap is reduced to 11 months as the next Friday the 17th is in June. This common year is one of three common years with two
A common year starting on Friday is a common year that starts on Friday, January 1 and ends on Friday, December 31. Thus, its dominical letter is C. Examples include 1971, 1982, 1993, 1999, 2010, 2021, and 2027 in the Gregorian calendar or, likewise, 1994, 2005, 2011, 2022, and 2033 in the Julian calendar. This common year is one of the three possible common years in which a century year can begin on, and occurs in century years that yield a remainder of 100 when divided by 400. The most recent such year was 1700 and the next one will be 2100 in the Gregorian calendar (see bottom tables). In this common year, January and October start on Friday, February, March, and November start on Monday, April and July start on Thursday, May starts on Saturday, June starts on Tuesday, August starts on Sunday and September and December start on Wednesday. This is one of three common years with only one Friday the 13th, the other two being Common year starting on Wednesday and Common year starting on Saturday. The Friday the 13th in this common year is in August. This characteristic is shared with Leap Years starting on Thursday but also have another one in February. If the year following this type of year is a leap year, this type of year will have the longest gap between two instances of Friday the 13ths, from August of this year to October of the following year. If the year following this type of year is a common year, the gap is reduced to 9 months as the next Friday the 13th is May. This is one of three common years with two Friday the 17ths, the other two being Common year starting on Wednesday and Common year starting on Thursday. The Friday the 17ths in this common year are in September and December. Leap years starting on Thursday share this characteristic. From July of the year preceding this year (either a Leap year starting on Wednesday or Common year starting on Thursday) is the longest gap (14 months) between two instances of
A common year starting on Saturday is a common year that begins on Saturday, January 1, and ends on Saturday, December 31. Thus, its dominical letter is B. Examples include 1977, 1983, 1994, 2005, 2011, 2022, and 2033 in the Gregorian calendar, or likewise, 1995, 2006, 2017, 2023 and 2034 in the Julian Calendar (see tables below for more). In this common year, January and October begin on Saturday, February, March, and November begin on Tuesday, April and July begin on Friday, May begins on Sunday, June begins on Wednesday, August begins on Monday, and September and December begin on Thursday. This common year is one of three common years with only one Friday the 13th, the others being Common year starting on Wednesday and Common year starting on Friday. The Friday the 13th in this common year is in May. This characteristic is shared with a Leap year starting on Friday. This common year is one of three common years with only one Friday the 17th, the others being Common year starting on Monday and Common year starting on Tuesday. The only Friday the 17th in this common year is in June. Leap years starting on Friday share this characteristic. This common year is one of three common years with two Tuesday the 13ths, the others being Common year starting on Thursday and Common year starting on Friday. The Tuesday the 13ths in this common year are in September and December. Leap years starting on Friday share this characteristic. From July of the year preceding this type of year (either a Leap year starting on Thursday or Common year starting on Friday) is the longest period (14 months) between two instances of Tuesday the 13th. Leap years starting on Wednesday share this characteristic, from August of the year that precedes it (Common year starting on Tuesday) to October in that type of year. In this common year, Martin Luther King Jr. Day is on January 17, Valentine’s Day is on a Monday, Presidents Day is on its latest possible date, February 21, Daylight Savings
A common year starting on Sunday is a common year that begins on Sunday, January 1 and ends on Sunday, December 31. Thus, its dominical letter is A. Examples include 1978, 1989, 1995, 2006, 2017, 2023, and 2034 in the Gregorian calendar, or, likewise, 1990, 2001, 2007, 2018, and 2029 in the Julian calendar. In this common year, January and October start on Sunday, February, March, and November start on Wednesday, April and July start on Saturday, May starts on Monday, June starts on Thursday, August starts on Tuesday, and September and December start on Friday. This common year is one of three common years with two Friday the 13ths, the other two being Common year starting on Monday and Common year starting on Tuesday. The Friday the 13ths in this common year are in January and October. This common year is the only one with three Friday the 17ths. The Friday the 17ths in this common year are in February, March, and November. The other type of year with three Friday the 17ths is Leap year starting on Wednesday, which has Friday the 17ths in January, April, and July. This common year is one of three common years with only one Tuesday the 13th, the other two being Common year starting on Tuesday and Common year starting on Wednesday. The only Tuesday the 13th in this common year is in June. Leap years starting on Saturday share this characteristic. In this common year, Martin Luther King Jr. Day is on January 16, Valentine’s Day is on a Tuesday, Presidents Day is on February 20, Daylight Savings Time begins on March 12, St. Patrick’s Day is on a Friday, Mother’s Day is on its latest possible date, May 14, Memorial Day is on May 29, Father’s Day is on June 18, Independence Day is on a Tuesday, Labor Day is on September 4, Columbus Day is on October 9, Halloween is on a Tuesday, Daylight Savings Time ends on November