ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
D. G. Yuengling &amp; Son is the oldest operating brewing company in the United States. It was started in 1829. It is one of the largest breweries by volume in the country. Based on sales in 2011, Yuengling was tied with the Boston Beer Company, maker of Samuel Adams brands, as the largest producer of beer in the United States. Yuengling's headquarters are in Pottsville, Pennsylvania. Yuengling produces about 2.5 million barrels of beer a year. They operate two breweries in Pennsylvania and one in Tampa, Florida. Yuengling is pronounced /ˈjʏŋlɪŋ/ , and is an Anglicized version of "Jüngling", its founder's surname and the German term for "young man".
James Louis "Jim" Oberstar (September 10, 1934 – May 3, 2014) was an American politician. He served in the United States House of Representatives from 1975 to 2011. He represented Minnesota's 8th district. He was a member of the Democratic Party. Oberstar was born in Chisholm, Minnesota. Oberstar lived with his wife, Jean, in Potomac, Maryland, a suburb of Washington, D.C.. He also lived in his boyhood home in Chisholm, Minnesota. He died in his sleep at his home in Potomac on May 3, 2014, aged 79.
Grevenmacher () is a canton in Luxembourg. Its capital is Grevenmacher. Geography. With an area of , and a population (2017) of 29,525, the Grevenmacher canton has a population density of inhabitants/km². It is bordered on the north by the Echternach canton, on the east by the German district of Trier-Saarburg (part of the "Land" of Rhineland-Palatinate), on the south by the Remich canton, and on the west by the Luxembourg district. Communes. The Grevenmacher canton consists of the following 8 communes (2017 population).
The Eastern Theater of the American Civil War included the U.S. states of Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, the District of Columbia and the coastal seaports and fortifications of North Carolina. There were many battles fought in this area, especially in northern and eastern Virginia. Several battles were fought between the Union Army of the Potomac and Confederate Army of Northern Virginia. There was so much fighting in Virginia because the Confederate capital was at Richmond, Virginia. The Eastern Theatre was the scene of several key battles. These included the First Battle of Bull Run, the bloody Battle of Antietam and the greatest battle, the Battle of Gettysburg. Only 100 miles separated the two capital cities, Washington, D.C. the Union capital and the Confederate capital at Richmond, Virginia. Between the two lay the Shenandoah Valley, a natural corridor that could hide entire armies.  Background. After the fall of Fort Sumter in April 1861, both sides scrambled to create armies. President Abraham Lincoln issued a call for 75,000 volunteers to suppress the rebellion. This immediately caused the secession of four additional states, including Virginia. The United States Army had only around 16,000 men, with more than half spread out in the West. The army was commanded by the elderly Lt. Gen. Winfield Scott, veteran of the War of 1812 and the Mexican-American War. On the Confederate side, only a handful of federal officers and men resigned and joined the Confederacy. The formation of the Confederate States Army was a matter initially undertaken by the individual states.
Elena Sergeevna Baltacha (14 August 1983 – 4 May 2014) was a British professional tennis player. Baltacha was born in Kiev, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union to Olga and Sergei Pavlovich Baltacha. Her brother is Sergei Baltacha, Jr. She moved to the United Kingdom in 1989. She was British No. 1 intermittently from 2002 to 2012. However, due to her absence from competition, due to knee surgery, she dropped down the world rankings and at the time of her retirement, on 18 November 2013, she was ranked as the world No. 221 and British No. 6. She was a four-time winner of the Aegon Award. Baltacha was diagnosed with liver cancer in January 2014. She died of the disease three months later, aged 30.
An in the Japanese pop culture is a young media personality (a singer, an actor, a model, etc.). This is usually a teenager, who has a cute and innocent public image. Idols are a separate category of Japanese artists. The term is commercialized by Japanese talent agents. The talent agencies hold auditions for cute boys and girls and make them stars. Idols are intended to be an ideal object of love of frenzied fans. There is also a view that the Japanese people see idols as sisters or girls next door. Japanese idol singers work across genres of the Japanese pop music. This is usually whatever is most popular at the moment. Their songs do not require great singing skills, but the artist must be beautiful, sweet and nice to sing them. In their everyday life, idols must also match the songs they sing. They must have a perfect public image and be good examples to young people. History. The phenomenon appeared in the early 1970s. It was thanks to the popularity of young French actress Sylvie Vartan and the movie she played in called "Cherchez l'idole" ("Look for the Idol"). The movie came out in Japan in November 1964 under the title "Aidoru o Sagase". The term "idol" started being used for girls, mostly between 14 and 16, who were just beginning their path to stardom or for very young new stars. Selective list of Japanese idol music groups. This is a selective list of Japanese idol music groups, divided by projects or talent agencies.
Zhané (pronounced jah-nay) was an American R&amp;B-soul group. The group was known for several major songs, like "Groove Thang", "Hey Mr DJ" and "Sending My Love". The group was part of Queen Latifah's Flavor Unit collective. The group broke up during the late 1990s.
Oleg Protopopov (1932–2023) and Ludmila Belousova (1935–2017) (often called "The Protopopovs") were Russian figure skaters. They skated for the Soviet Union. They won Olympic gold medals in 1964 and 1968. They won the World Figure Skating Championships every year from 1965 to 1968. In 1979, Protopopov and Belousova defected to Switzerland. They became Swiss citizens in 1995. They continued to skate at ice shows and skating exhibitions through their seventies. Career. Protopopov and Belousova met in Moscow in 1954. They trained in Leningrad. They competed internationally for the Soviet Union. Their first coach was Igor Moskvin. Their second coach was Petr Orlov. After some disagreements, they left Orlov. They then trained without a coach at a rink in Voskresensk, Moscow Oblast. In 1961, they decided to work with Stanislav Zhuk to raise their technical difficulty. The Protopopovs' first competition was at the 1958 World Championships. They finished in 13th place. At the 1960 Winter Olympics, they finished in 9th place. In 1962, they won the silver medal at the World Championships. They were the first pair from the Soviet Union or Russia to win a world medal in their sport. They also won silver at the 1962 European Figure Skating Championships. The Protopopovs' won their first major international gold medal at the 1964 Winter Olympics. It was the first Olympic pairs gold for the Soviet Union. From this Olympic Games to the 2006 Winter Olympics, only Soviet/Russian skaters won gold medals in pairs skating. That was the longest streak in Olympic history. The Protopopovs won their first World and European gold medals in 1965. They were the first Soviet/Russian pair to win those. They won Olympic gold medals for the second time at the 1968 Winter Olympics. At 32 and 35 years old
Gary Stanley Becker (December 2, 1930 ~ May 3, 2014) was an American economist. He was a professor of economics and sociology at the University of Chicago and a professor at the Booth School of Business. He won the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1992 and received the United States Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2007.  Becker was one of the first economists to study topics that were usually researched in sociology. He studied family organization in new and interesting ways. He studied racial discrimination, crime, and rational addiction. He said that many different types of human behavior that seem self-destructive or irrational can be seen as rational and utility-maximizing. He also studied altruism in human behavior. He showed that sometimes altruism was really to help oneself. He was a strong supporter of studying human capital. According to Milton Friedman, he was "the greatest social scientist who has lived and worked" in the second part of the twentieth century. Becker was born in Pottsville, Pennsylvania. Gary Becker died in Chicago, Illinois from complications of ulcer surgery, aged 83.
Tatiana Yevgenyevna Samoilova (; 4 May 1934 – 4 May 2014) was a Soviet and Russian movie actress. She starred in "The Cranes Are Flying" (1957), "The Unsent Letter" (1959) and "Anna Karenina" (1967).  Samoilova's career began in 1955. She starred in over 50 Russian movies. She retired in 2008. Samoilova was born in Leningrad, Russia SFSR, Soviet Union. On 3 May 2014, the eve of her 80th birthday, Samoilova was taken to hospital in Moscow. She had a serious condition with coronary heart disease and hypertension. She died, two days later on 4 May 2014.
Newington Butts is a former village, now an area of south London. It is most famous as the location of the Newington Butts Theatre in the late 1500s. Some of the first performances of plays such as Hamlet, Titus Andronicus and The Taming of a Shrew happened here. It probably gets its name from an archery butts, or practice field. It is also the birthplace of the great physicist Michael Faraday.
Regina Belle (born July 17, 1963) is an African American singer-songwriter and musician. She performed the award-winning "A Whole New World". She also did "I Can't Imagine". Belle was born in Englewood, New Jersey.
Stacy Lattisaw (born November 25, 1966) is an American R&amp;B and gospel singer. Since the 1990s, she has performed only gospel music. Lattisaw's major singles include "Love on a Two-Way Street" and 1989's "Where Do We Go from Here". Lattisaw was born in Washington, D.C..
Robert John Aumann (Hebrew name: , "Yisrael Aumann"; born June 8, 1930) is an Israeli-American mathematician and economist. He is a member of the United States National Academy of Sciences.  He is specialized in mathematical economics and game theory. Aumann won the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2005 for his work on conflict through game-theory analysis. He shared the prize with Thomas Schelling. He was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 2020.
Monty Alexander (born Montgomery Bernard Alexander; June 6, 1944) is a jazz pianist, who also plays the melodica. His career began in 1958.  He was born in Kingston, Jamaica, but was raised in Miami, Florida. He was married to musician Emily Remler, but their marriage ended in divorce.
A satellite state is an officially independent country that is strongly influenced or controlled by another country.  Unlike puppet states, satellite states are generally internationally recognized by most countries, as most of them were already independent countries, which later came under the influence of more powerful countries. Examples of satellite states include the Warsaw Pact countries which were called Soviet satellite states, because they were influenced by the Soviet Union. Belarus is currently a satellite state of Russia.
Fangbone is a Canadian animated television series. It is produced by Radical Sheep Productions and distributed by Disney XD Canada. The series is based on the New York Times best-selling comic books by Michael Rex. The first episode aired in March 2016. The last episode was in January 2017.  The series' pilot first aired in Canada. It won numerous awards including Best One-Off Or Special from the 2015 Kidscreen Awards, Best Animated Writing from the 2015 Writer's Guild Of Canada Awards, and Best TV Show Ages 9-14 from the 2015 Youth Media Alliance Awards. It was also nominated for Best Animated Series at the 2015 Canadian Screen Awards.  Plot. Fangbone is a nine-year-old barbarian warrior from Skullbania. He has landed in Eastwood Elementary's third grade class to save his native land from the villain, Venomous Drool. With the help of his new friend Bill, a lovable, normal, goofy kid, Fangbone beats his enemies while discovering the modern world. Broadcast. A pilot for the series premiered on Disney XD Canada in 2014. Soon after, production began on a first season. This first aired in March 2016 in North America.
The Toba catastrophe was the largest volcanic eruption in the last 2.6 million years. It is called a catastrophe because its effects may have damaged the human species. The eruption. Lake Toba in Sumatra, Indonesia, is the site of a supervolcanic eruption that occurred 73,000 (±4000 years) years ago. It was a climate-changing event. The eruption was two orders of magnitude (= x100) larger than the largest known historic eruption, that of Tambora, also in Indonesia. This eruption was the last and largest of four eruptions of Toba during the Quaternary epoch. It had an estimated Volcanic Explosivity Index of 8 (described as "apocalyptic"). It made a sizable contribution to the 100x30 km caldera complex. The mass it threw out was 100 times greater than the largest volcanic eruption in recent history. That was the 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora in Indonesia, which caused the 1816 "Year Without a Summer" in the northern hemisphere. Consequences. The eruption of Toba led to a volcanic winter with a worldwide decline in temperatures between 3-5 degrees C, and up to 15 degrees C in higher latitudes. Effect on humans. According to the Toba catastrophe theory, it had global consequences. It killed most humans then alive. It created a population bottleneck in Central Eastern Africa and India that affected the genetic inheritance of all humans today. According to the theory, only 10,000 (perhaps only 1,000) pairs of humans survived the disaster. Perhaps it led to the other hominids becoming extinct, though the Neanderthals certainly survived in Europe and Eurasia. There is no direct evidence that the theory is correct. And there is no evidence for any other animal decline or extinction, even in environmentally sensitive species. There is evidence that human habitation continued in India after the eruption. The theory in its strongest form seems to be incorrect.
Laurie Strode is a fictional character in the "Halloween" movies. The first movie she was in was the 1978 movie. She is an example of the "final girl" character, the last girl alive to fight the killer in a movie. Jamie Lee Curtis was the first actress to play Laurie Strode.
Heather Thomas (born September 8, 1957) is an American actress and writer. She is also a political activist. She co-starred as Judy Banks on "The Fall Guy". Thomas was born in Greenwich, Connecticut.
Richard Bache "Dick" Ayers (April 28, 1924 – May 4, 2014) was an American comic book artist and cartoonist. He was best known for his work as one of Jack Kirby's inkers during the Silver Age of Comics period in the late-1950s and 1960s. He worked on some of the earliest issues of Marvel Comics' "The Fantastic Four". He was born in Ossining, New York. Ayers died on May 4, 2014 in White Plains, New York, aged 90.
County Armagh is one of six counties that together make up Northern Ireland. It is also one of the 32 counties of Ireland. County Armagh lies in the north-east of the island of Ireland. The county is 1,326 km² big. About 174,792 people live there. The county is named after the city Armagh. The name "Armagh" comes from the Irish word "Ard" meaning "high place" and "Macha". In stories, Macha is a goddess of Ireland. Armagh was the main town for the historic Ulaid kings of Ulster. Landscape. The landscape has hills in the south. Slieve Gullion is the highest mountain. It goes down from there and becomes flatter with small hills called drumlins in the middle and the west. It is fairly flat in the north, and is at sea level at Lough Neagh. There are a few small islands in the lake. History. Ancient Armagh was the territory of the Ulaid people before the year 400. The Red Branch ruled the county. Their capital was a fort called Emain Macha near Armagh. The Red Branch play an important role in the stories in the Ulster Cycle. They are also part of the story the "Cattle Raid of Cooley". Armagh was the Roman Catholic home of Saint Patrick. The Troubles. South Armagh is mostly nationalist. In the late 20th century, a significant minority of its inhabitants supported the IRA. Baronies. "Baronies" are old divisions of Ireland. Below is a list of the baronies in County Armagh. Transport. Two major highways run through County Armagh. The M1 links Belfast to Dungannon in the north of the county. The A1/N1 from Belfast to Dublin runs in the far south east. Armagh has lots of local roads connecting the towns and villages. There used to be many railways in County Armagh, but there are only a few stations left. Ulsterbus is the bus company that runs most public transport in the county. It includes buses from most towns to Belfast. Railway companies Northern Ireland Railways and Iarnród
Palaeotheres are an extinct group of herbivorous mammals. They are related to tapirs and rhinoceros, and probably ancestral to horses. They ranged across Europe and Asia during the Eocene and Oligocene 5528 million years ago. They were small to medium-sized. They lived in dense forests. They ate soft leaves, shoots, berries, and leaf matter picked up from the forest floor. Genera:
Our Lady of Lourdes is a name for the Virgin Mary recalling Marian apparitions near Lourdes, France. The first appearance was on 11 February 1858. It was seen by Bernadette Soubirous, 14 years old, made saint by the Catholic Church in 1933. "Our Lady" was standing in a niche above the main cavity of the Massabielle grotto. Seventeen more appearances were reported that year. In the course of the apparitions, our Lady instructed Bernadette to go in the nearby ground; a spring with healing properties flowed, still active today. After detailed investigation, the apparitions were approved for devotion by the Catholic Church.  Following a request of the Virgin Mary to Bernadette, a chapel at the grotto was built. Subsequently, due to the great increase of people visiting the chapel following the apparitions, a shrine was also built becoming a popular place of pilgrimage and prayer. During the years, many miraculous healings have been recognized by the Catholic Church, with the support of medical consultation; a large group of physicians was permanently established in the site to provide continuous advice. Also, many conversions are reported. The statue of the Lady of Lourdes with a white veil, a white robe with a blue ribbon and at the feet two golden roses, holding a crown of the Holy Rosary prayer, is a representation of the Virgin Mary as described by Saint Bernadette. The feast day of Our Lady of Lourdes is February 11.
Helga Königsdorf (Helga Bunke; July 13, 1938 – May 4, 2014) was a German author and physicist. Her writings helped women's rights in Germany during the 1970s and 1980s. She worked with Christa Wolf, Brigitte Reimann and Maxie Wander. She retired in 1990. Königsdorf was born in Gera, Germany. Königsdorf died in Berlin, Germany from Parkinson's disease, aged 75.
The Division of Herbert is an Australian Electoral Division in Queensland. It was one of the 75 divisions set up for the first federal election in 1901. It is in northern Queensland, and is named after Sir Robert Herbert, the first Premier of Queensland (1859–1866). In 1901 the division covered an area from Mackay to the Torres Strait, but today it only covers an area around the city of Townsville, as well as some nearby islands, including Magnetic Island, Orpheus Island and Palm Island.
Eduardo Mac Entyre (20 February 1929 – 5 May 2014) was an Argentine artist. He was known for his geometric paintings. Mac Entyre has also created a body of more traditional Abstract, Cubist and Figurative art.  He was honored by the Organization of American States in 1986 for his works to Modern art in Latin America and his work is widely displayed in Argentina and elsewhere. He was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Entyre died in Buenos Aires, Argentina, aged 85.
Billy Frank, Jr. (March 9, 1931 – May 5, 2014) was a Native American environmental leader and treaty rights activist. Frank is known for his grassroots campaign for fishing rights on the tribe’s Nisqually River in Washington. He was mostly active during the 1960s and 1970s. He helped keep natural resources in the state. He was born in Nisqually, Washington. Frank died on May 5, 2014, aged 83.
Butler Carson Derrick, Jr. (September 30, 1936 – May 5, 2014) was an American politician. He was a U.S. Representative from South Carolina. Derrick was a representative for South Carolina's 3rd district. He served from 1975 to 1995. He was succeeded by Lindsey Graham. Derrick was a member of the Democratic Party. He was born in Springfield, Massachusetts. Derrick died in Easley, South Carolina from cancer, aged 77.
Willem (Wil) Albeda (13 June 1925 - 6 May 2014) was a Dutch politician. From 1966, he was member and from 1973 chairman of the Anti-Revolutionary Party group in the Senate. He was Minister of Social Affairs in the first cabinet Van Agt. After this he returned to the Senate. He later became chairman of the Scientific Council for Government Policy. Albeda was born in Rotterdam. He died in Maastricht, aged 88.
Otto Carius (27 May 1922 – 24 January 2015) was a German former Nazi tank commander. He destroyed over 150 foreign tanks. He received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves. After the war, Carius worked as a pharmacist. He also wrote books about his experiences during the war. Carius was born in Zweibrücken, Weimar Germany. He died from a short illness in Herschweiler-Pettersheim, Germany, aged 92.
Keith Harvey Miller (March 1, 1925 – March 2, 2019) was a Republican politician from Alaska. He was the second Secretary of State of Alaska, under Governor Walter Hickel. When Hickel resigned in 1969, Miller became Governor. He was governor until December 5, 1970. Miller died from pancreatic cancer while in hospice in Anchorage a day after his 94th birthday on March 2, 2019.
William Jennings Sheffield, Jr. (June 26, 1928 – November 4, 2022) was an American Democratic politician. He was the fifth Governor of Alaska from 1982 to 1986. Sheffield's term as governor was marked by controversy including attempts to have him impeached. He was born in Spokane, Washington. He died at his Anchorage home on November 4, 2022. He was 94.
Albert Harold "Al" Quie (September 18, 1923 – August 18, 2023) was an American politician. He was the 35th Governor of Minnesota, from January 4, 1979 to January 3, 1983. Quie was born in Dennison, Minnesota. From 1958 until 1979, he was a member of the United States House of Representatives. Quie died on August 18, 2023, at his home in Wayzata, Minnesota, one month before his 100th birthday.
Wendell Richard Anderson (February 1, 1933 – July 17, 2016) was an American politician. He was the 33rd Governor of Minnesota from January 4, 1971 to December 29, 1976. In late 1976, he resigned to be named U.S. Senator. He replaced Senator Walter Mondale, who had been elected Vice President of the United States. Anderson was in the U.S. Senate from December 30, 1976 until December 29, 1978. He was a member of the Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party. Anderson died on July 17, 2016 from pneumonia in St. Paul, Minnesota, aged 83.
Bryant Winfield Culberson Dunn (July 1, 1927 – September 28, 2024) was an American politician, dentist, and medical industry official. He was Governor of Tennessee from 1971 to 1975. He was the state's first Republican governor in fifty years, and was the sixth one since the Civil War. Dunn ran for a second term in 1986. He lost to Ned McWherter. He remained active in the Republican Party and the medical field after his term as governor. Dunn was born in Meridian, Mississippi. Dunn died on September 28, 2024 from natural causes at his home in Nashville, Tennessee at the age of 97.