ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
On June 6, 1981, a train crashed in Bihar, India. It was carrying more than 800 passengers, traveling between Mansi railway station and Saharsa railway station. It derailed and fell into the River Bagmati while it was crossing the bridge over the river.  Casualties. Five days after the accident only 200 out of 800 passengers had been recovered as dead bodies with hundreds more people missing. The missing passengers were thought to have been washed away by the River Bagmati. Total deaths were listed as 500-800. This derailment stands in 4th place in the worst railway accidents by death toll in the world. Reasons. Many reasons were given for this railway derailment accident. They were:
Firozabad rail disaster is the second most worst rail accident in India after the Bihar train derailment. It occurred on 20 August 1995 near Firozabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. Accident. The crash happened at 02:55 when a passenger train named Kalindi Express from Kanpur Railway station collided with Purushottam Express from Puri. At first the Kalindi Express from Kanpur Railway station struck a cow but was unable to proceed further as its brakes were damaged. Next the Purushottam Express from Puri struck the Kalindi Express behind with a speed of 70 kph.  The last three carriages of the Kalindi Express and two carriages along with the engine of Purushottam Express were destroyed. About 358 passengers were killed.
William Gordon Welchman (15 June 1906, Bristol – 8 October 1985, Newburyport, Massachusetts) was a Second World War codebreaker at Bletchley Park. He was a British mathematician, university professor, and author. After the war he moved to the US, and later took American citizenship. Bletchley Park. Welchman was one of four early recruits to Bletchley park (the others being Alan Turing, Hugh Alexander and Stuart Milner-Barry). They were also the four signatories to the letter to Winston Churchill in October 1941, asking for more resources for the code-breaking work at Bletchley Park. Churchill responded with one of his 'Action This Day' written comments. Welchman's main work at Bletchley was "traffic analysis" of encrypted German communications. This is, first, looking for an increase in signals. Major events in warfare are signalled in advance by a huge increase in messages. Second, there are standardized parts of a message, such as message origination, message destination, time/date information, and so on. These are much easier to decipher than the actual message content. Welchman developed this approach. Today we describe this as "metadata" analysis. Welchman helped improve Alan Turing's design of the Polish electromechanical Enigma-cipher-breaking machine, the bombe. Welchman's 'diagonal board', made the device much more efficient in the attack on the ciphers of the German Enigma machine. Bombes became the main mechanical aid in breaking Enigma ciphers during the war. They speeded up the search for current wheel order settings being used with the Enigma machines. The settings were changed often, initially at least once per day. Welchman was initially head of Hut Six, the section at Bletchley Park responsible for breaking German Army and Air Force Enigma ciphers. During his time at Bletchley, Welchman opposed engineer Tommy Flowers' efforts on the Colossus computer (the world's first programmable electronic computer) because Colossus used vacuum tubes. In 1943, he became Assistant Director in charge of mechanisation and also had responsibility for
Accession is the attainment or acquisition of a position of rank or power, typically that of monarch or president. Eg."the queen's accession to the throne".  Accession day is a celebration. It is usually the anniversary of when a monarch takes office. The earliest record of accession celebrations are from the reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England. Accession is not the same as coronation or inauguration. Coronation and inauguration are both ceremonies which take place after the accession.
Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision occurred on 12 November 1996 over the village of Charkhi Dadri in Haryana, India. The collision happened between Saudi Arabian Airlines Boeing 747-100B from Delhi to Dhahran (Saudi Arabia) and Kazakhstan Airlines Illyushin II-76 from Chimkent, Kazakhstan to Delhi. There are no survivors among 349 people both airplanes.  Accident. SVA763 (Saudi Arabian Airlines Flight 763 - Boeing 747-100B) departed from Delhi International Airport to Dhahran at 18:35. KZA1907 (Kazakhstan Airlines Flight 1907 - Illyushin II-76) was descending to Delhi airport at the same time. Both flights were controlled by VK Dutta. KZA1907 was cleared to descend 15,000 feet altitude, whereas SVA763 was cleared to climb to 14,000feet. After 8 min, KZA1907 reported that they reached 15000 ft altitude, but they were descending to 14,500 ft at that time and were continuing the descent. The collision and crash. Not noticing it, soon the KZA1907's tail cut through SVA763's left wing. SVA763 lost control and hit the ground at 1135 kmph. The Ilyushin remained structurally intact as it went in a steady but fast and uncontrolled descent until it crashed in a field, killing everyone both airplanes. Crash site. The collision took place about west of Delhi. The wreckage of the Saudi aircraft crashed near Dhani village, Bhiwani District, Haryana. The wreckage of the Kazakh aircraft hit the ground near Birohar village, Rohtak District, Haryana. Investigation. The crash was investigated by the Lahoti Commission, headed by then-Delhi High Court judge Ramesh Chandra Lahoti. The flight data recorders were decoded by Kazakhstan Airlines and Saudi Airlines under the supervision of air crash investigators in Moscow and Farnborough, England, respectively. The commission determined that the accident had been the fault of the Kazakh Il-76 commander, who had descended from the assigned altitude
Church of the Company Fire is the largest fire accident ever by death toll in the world. It occurred on 1863 December 8 in Santiago, Chile. About 2000 to 3000 people are said to have been killed in the fire accident. Church of the Company of Jesus was a Jesuit church in Santiago, Chile.The day of the fire was the celebration of the Feast of the Immaculate Conception. The fire started at 7 P.M. when an oil lamp had ignited the place and it caught fire. About 2000-3000 people inside the church got roasted. The cleanup of the bodies took about ten days, and since most of the bodies were burned beyond recognition, they were placed in a mass grave at the Cementerio General de Santiago. A Santiago newspaper printed the names of over 2,000 known victims, and the same paper also printed a list of the objects saved by the priests and their value, which led to public outcry against the priests who had saved valuable objects but not people. The tragedy, and the fact that one of the contributing factors was the lack of an organized fire-brigade, motivated José Luis Claro y Cruz to organize the first Volunteer Firemen's Corps in Santiago, on December 20 of the same year. Fire brigades in Chile, even today, are still made up only of unpaid volunteers. New fire regulations also resulted, and the tragedy contributed to the partial secularization of Chilean government over the next two decades.
The 1931 China floods or the 1931 Yellow River Floods were a series of floods that occurred in China in the year 1931. It is the most deadly natural disaster by death toll. About 1,000,000-3.7 million people were said to be dead in this series of floods. Cause. In the period of 1928-30 China faced a severe drought. Due to some abnormal weather conditions heavy snowstorms and heavy rainfall occurred in parts of central China. The water levels increased in the rivers. The rain grew heavier in July and August in 1931. China faced nine cyclones in July 1931 alone. Death. Chinese sources say 1,000,000 died due to the overflow of the Yangtze River. Western sources say a death toll of 3.7 million-4 million people. In July alone, four weather stations along the Yangtze River reported rain totaling over for the month. The Yangtze and Huai River floods soon reached Nanjing, the capital of China at the time. The city, located on an island in a massive flood zone, suffered catastrophic damage. Millions died of drowning while some died due to starvation, from waterborne diseases such as cholera and typhus. The high-water mark was reached on 19 August at Hankou town in Wuhan, with the water level exceeding above normal. On the evening of 25 August 1931, the water rushing through the Grand Canal washed away dikes near Gaoyou Lake. Some 200,000 people drowned in their sleep in the resulting deluge.
The Trans-Siberian Orchestra is an American progressive rock group. They were founded around 1996. They became popular around 1999. This was when they began touring with their second studio album, "The Christmas Attic". Both "Billboard Magazine" and "Pollstar" ranked them as one of the top ticket-selling groups in the first decade of the new millennium.
The Great Chinese Famine was a terrible famine in China from 1958 to 1961. It killed between 15 million and 55 million people. It is the deadliest famine in known history. The famine was mostly man-made. It resulted from Mao Zedong's policies, like the Great Leap Forward and the Four Pests campaign. A badly managed economy, social pressure, bad weather, and drought also played a role.  Causes. "Also see: The Great Leap Forward and Collectivization" The Great Chinese Famine has been called "the worst man-made catastrophe ever." Mao's policies. Mao Zedong was China's first president and the Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party. During the Great Leap Forward, he made many drastic changes to China's economy. Many of his policies caused or worsened the famine.  For example, Mao collectivized farms in China. He cancelled farmers' private property rights, took over their land, and formed large government farms called people's communes. It was illegal for a person to own a farm; everybody had to work on the communes. They often had to use poor agricultural techniques, which made crop harvests smaller. Mao also ordered millions of farmers to become iron and steel workers. As a result, there were not enough farm workers left. Meanwhile, the Chinese government's Four Pests campaign killed so many sparrows that they disrupted the ecosystem. Without sparrows, crop-eating insects had no predators, and their populations grew quickly. Mao's response to famine. Food was not distributed fairly in China's new planned economy. Even during the famine, Mao insisted that China still had to export grain to other countries. He continued to send grain to other countries as Chinese people starved. Government leaders knew about the famine as early as 1958, as proved by scholars like Yang Jisheng. In 1959, Mao told colleagues:"To distribute resources evenly will only ruin the Great Leap Forward. When there is not enough to eat, people starve to death. It is better to let half the people die so that others can eat their fill." Official statements. In early 1962, Chinese president Liu Shaoqi said the famine
The Navy of the Confederate States (CSN) was the Navy of the Confederate States of America. After the Confederacy established itself in 1861, the elected president, Jefferson Davis appointed Stephen Mallory as his Secretary of the Confederate Navy. At the time the South had no ships capable of challenging the United States Navy's frigates. It did not have the shipbuilding capability or the raw materials necessary to build a navy. While they had limited resources, and did not have the firepower of the Union Navy, they developed a number of technologies. The Confederates developed naval mines, ironclad techniques and managed to sink a Union warship with a working submarine.  History. The Republican Party, led by Abraham Lincoln, won the 1860 presidential election. Southerners were outraged by the election of Lincoln, who opposed slavery in territories and new states. After the election seven Southern states seceded and declared their independence from the Union. They formed the Confederate States of America, even before Lincoln became president on March 4, 1861. The outgoing U.S. president, James Buchanan, said this was against the law, but did nothing to stop them. Lincoln and his Republican party treated this secession as a rebellion. Fighting started when the Confederates bombarded Fort Sumter, a Union Army fort. Lincoln called for 75,000 volunteers for a period of 90 days. He also set up a blockade of the Southern coast and ports. Lincoln had no more than 40 usable warships and needed to start building up his Navy. This was to prevent the South from exporting its cotton and importing the war materials they needed to wage war. The North also needed to develop a fleet of gunboats for a "brown-water navy". This was to support the Union Army in operations around major rivers like the Mississippi. Norfolk shipyard. In 1861, Virginia joined the Confederate States of America. Fearing that the Confederacy would take control of the facility, the shipyard commander Charles Stewart McCauley ordered the burning of the shipyard. At the time it was called the Gosport Navy Yard. Despite conflicting orders from the Secretary of the Navy, the resignation of many of his officers
Joan Chen (born April 26, 1961) is a Chinese-American actress, movie director and movie producer. She became famous for her performance in the Academy Award-winning 1987 movie "The Last Emperor". She also had a role in the 1990-1991 television series "Twin Peaks". Chen played Mrs. Yee in the 2007 award-winning erotic thriller "Lust, Caution". Chen was born in Shanghai, China.
Sylvia Chang (born 21 July 1953) is a Taiwanese movie director, actress, singer and producer. She began her career in the 1970s. She has acted in, directed and produced many movies. Chang won the Hong Kong Film Award for Best Actress. Her movies have been accepted into movie festivals. She was born in Chiayi City, Taiwan.
Azerbaijanfilm () is an Azerbaijani state movie studio. It is located in the capital city Baku. They mainly make movies and sometimes documentaries. History. "Azerbaijanfilm" started in 1920 as a photo-cinema department at the Azerbaijan SSR People's Commissariat (Government Ministry). In 1923 it was renamed to "Azerbaijani Photo-Cinema Office" (AFKI). There were several name changes, including "Azdovletkino" (1926–1930), "Azkino" (1930–1933), "Azfilm" (1933), "Azdovletkinosenaye" (1934), "Azerfilm" (1935–1940), and "Baku Cinema Studio" (1941–1959). In 1960 it became "Azerbaijanfilm" cinema studio named after Jafar Jabbarly. Currently, "Azerbaijanfilm" is a part of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism of Azerbaijan.
Cognitive impairment (also called cognitive deficit) is a condition in which mental functioning is not good. The term "cognitive impairment" may mean problems with intelligence, like intellectual disability (also called "mental deficiency"). It may also mean specific problems, such as learning disability, slow learning or dyslexia. Cognitive impairment may be congenital or caused by environmental problems, such as brain injuries, neurological disorders or mental illness.
Borderline intelligence (also called borderline intellectual functioning or borderline mental disability) is a category of intelligence in which a person has lower than normal mental ability. IQ levels are between 70 and 85. It is not as bad as intellectual disability (IQ 69 and under). In school years, people with borderline intelligence are known as "slow learners".
The 2016 United States presidential election in Texas was held on 8 November 2016. It was part of the 2016 United States presidential election, in which all other states plus the District of Columbia voted. On 1 March 2016, the state also voted for who they wanted to be the nominee of their respective parties. Presidential. Prediction. Texas has not voted for any Democratic candidate since the 1980 election. Below is a list of predictions from credible news organizations: Caucuses. Democratic. The Democratic caucus occurred on 26 March 2016. Republican. The Republican caucus occurred on 1 March 2016.
Profilage is a French crime drama TV series. It was developed in 2009 by Fanny Robert and Sophie Lebarbier along with TF1. Background. The series focuses on Chloé Saint-Laurent ("Odile Vuillemin"), a criminologist who works at police department in Paris. To solve crimes she uses her own experiences and intelligence.
The Vegas Golden Knights are a professional ice hockey team based in the Las Vegas metropolitan area and are owned by Bill Foley. The team started play in the 2017–18 NHL season as a member of the Pacific Division of the Western Conference of the National Hockey League (NHL). In their very first season, they reached the Stanley Cup Finals where they lost to the Washington Capitals in five games, and five years later, they won their first Stanley Cup over the Florida Panthers in five games. This accomplishment was predicted by owner Bill Foley before the team had even been named. History. Formation and First Season (2017-2018). After a successful vote on June 22, 2016, Las Vegas was officially approved to get an expansion team. They were allowed to begin playing in the 2017-2018 season. George McPhee was announced as the first general manager of the team. On November 22, 2016, it was revealed that the team name would be the Vegas Golden Knights. After the team paid their expansion fees on March 1, 2017, the Vegas Golden Knights were officially able to start operating. Gerard Gallant was announced as the teams first Head Coach on April 13, 2017. On June 21, 2017, the Vegas Golden Knights participated in the 2017 NHL Expansion Draft at the T-Mobile Arena in Las Vegas. The Knights were able to select 1 player from each of the 30 teams in the NHL to join the Golden Knights.  The Vegas Golden Knights played their first game on October 6th against the Dallas Stars. They won the game 2-1. The Golden Knights played their first home game at T-Mobile Arena on October 10, 2017 against the Arizona Coyotes. Before the game started, the team honoured the victims of the October 1 mass shooting that happened in Las Vegas just 9 days prior. The Golden Knights won the game 5-2. The Golden Knights had a very successful first season. The players on the Golden Knights played a lot better than people thought they would, so they got labelled as the "Golden Misfits". They won the Pacific Division with 109 points
Turtmann was a municipality of the district Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013, the former municipalities of Turtmann and Unterems merged into the new municipality of Turtmann-Unterems.
Unterems (Walliser German: "Unneräms") was a municipality of the district Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013, the former municipalities of Unterems and Turtmann merged into the new municipality of Turtmann-Unterems.
Turtmann-Unterems is a municipality of the district Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013, the former municipalities of Turtmann and Unterems merged into the new municipality of Turtmann-Unterems.
Varen (Walliser German: "Faru"; ) is a municipality in Leuk in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. It is known as the birthplace of skier Brigitte Albrecht-Loretan.
Septic shock is a medical condition which can result from sepsis. Sepsis is a special form of infection. With septic shock, the circulation of blood changes or stops. This makes septic shock a medical emergency, which is usually treated in intensive care. Between a quarter and half the people with the condition die. Treatment is usually done in the following steps:
David Evan McMullin (born on April 2, 1976) is a former CIA operations officer and independent presidential candidate. He ran for office as an independent in the 2016 United States presidential election. He calls himself a conservative alternative to the main presidential candidates. McMullin did not win any states in the election, but he performed well in Utah, where he got 20% of the popular vote. Early life and career. McMullin was born on 2 April 1976 in Provo, Utah, to David McMullin and Lanie Bullard. At a young age, his family moved to a rural area outside of Seattle, Washington, where his father worked as a computer scientist and his mother sold bulk foods to neighbors from the family's garage. He joined the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) after the September 11 attacks. 2016 Presidential campaign. On 8 August 2016, McMullin announced that he would run as a candidate for President of the United States in the 2016 presidential election as an independent. He decided to run because he saw Donald Trump as being an unfit conservative candidate. McMullin had the support of several anti-Trump Republican donors. McMullin's campaign was supported by some members of the "Never Trump" movement. On 6 October, he named Mindy Finn to be his running mate. His support in Utah mainly arrived after a 2005 audio recording in which Donald Trump was heard bragging in about making unwanted sexual advances on women. After the 2016 campaign. After the 2016 campaign, McMullin became a strong critic of Trump and Putin. In a December 2016, op-ed, McMullin blasted Trump as a threat to American constitutional government, saying that the president-elect's actions were "consistent with the authoritarian playbook" and "undermined critical democratic norms including peaceful debate and transitions of power, commitment to truth, freedom from foreign interference and abstention from the use of executive power for political retribution." To answer if there was any possibility of him running for Jason Chaffetz's seat in 2018, he said: "It is likely that I will seek public
Bulgogi is a Korean dish. It is usually made of grilled beef which has been soaked in sauce for a long time. History. Bulgogi is believed to have come from Goguryeo, one of the three kingdoms of ancient Korea. It was called "Maekjeok" at first. In the Joseon dynasty, it was called "Neobiani" which means 'thinly spread'. Nutrition. There are a lot of essential nutrients in bulgogi. In bulgogi, there are lots of lysine, which is an essential amino acid. It helps children's growth and development.
They is the third person plural pronoun in English, used to describe a subject. The object form is "them". "They" can be used for both people or objects.  'They' can also be used for the singular third person if the gender of the person is unknown, or to purposely be ambiguous, or neither male nor female. Some people choose to use 'they' as their pronouns. Singular 'they' is conjugated the same way as the plural form, similar to the matching conjugations of the plural and singular 'you' in English. Singular 'they' is never used for objects, only people. 'They' can also be used to refer to a generic group of people, such as "In Britain, they celebrate Christmas in December".
The Lençóis Maranhenses National Park (Parque Nacional dos Lençóis Maranhenses) is a national park in Maranhão, northeastern Brazil.  It is an area with low, flat, occasionally flooded land, between large sand dunes. It is about . Despite abundant rain, it has almost no vegetation.  With large, white, sweeping dunes, Lençóis Maranhenses looks like a typical desert, but in fact it is not one. Being just outside the Amazon Basin, the region gets a regular rainy season in first half of the year. When it rains, fresh water collects in the valleys between sand dunes. The water is prevented from sinking down by a layer of rock underneath the sand. This results in blue, green and black lagoons surrounded by the desert-like sand. The lagoons are at their fullest between July and September. When the lagoons are full, they are interconnected to rivers such as the Rio Negro. From the river, large numbers of fish arrive. One species of fish, however, is resident. The wolf fish or tiger fish ("Hoplias malabaricus") stays dormant in the mud and moist areas after most of the water has evaporated, re-emerging during the next rainy season.