ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Mount Hood is a dormant volcano, called Wy'east by the Multnomah tribe. It is in the U.S. state of Oregon, about 50 miles (80 kilometers) southeast of Portland. It is described as a "potentially active" stratovolcano. The volcano is high. It is the highest point in Oregon. There are several ski resorts on Mount Hood. There are 12 glaciers. Each year, runners race on foot between Mount Hood and the Pacific Ocean in the "Hood to Coast Relay."
Crater Lake is a caldera lake in the U.S. state of Oregon. A caldera is a volcanic crater. It is the main attraction of Crater Lake National Park. It is famous for its blue color and clear water. The lake partly fills a nearly deep caldera. The volcanic crater was formed by the collapse of the volcano, Mount Mazama, about 7,500 years ago.  There are no rivers flowing into or out of the lake. The evaporation is compensated for by rain and snowfall at a rate such that the total amount of water is replaced every 150 years. Crater Lake is among the snowiest places in the United States. Snowfalls average 463.1 inches (11.76 m, 38.6 ft) per year and maximum snow cover averaging 139 in (3.53 m, 11.6 ft) In 1853, miner John Wesley Hillman made the first recorded visit to the lake. He named the lake "Deep Blue Lake". The lake was renamed at least three times, as Blue Lake, Lake Majesty, and finally Crater Lake. Crater Lake is known for its famous piece of driftwood, named the "Old Man of the Lake". It is a tree that has been moving up and down in the water for more than 100 years. The lake water is cold, so the tree is well preserved.  Originally, fish did not live in the lake. However, people stocked the lake with different kinds of fish between 1888 and 1941. Several species of fish still live in the lake. Location, Dimensions and Depth. Crater Lake is in Klamath County, Oregon. The lake is about northwest of the county seat of Klamath Falls, Oegon and about northeast of Medford, Oregon.  The lake has an average depth of . Its maximum depth is . The depth changes slightly as the weather changes. On the basis of maximum depth, Crater Lake is the deepest lake in the United States. It is the second deepest in North America, after Great Slave Lake in Canada. Crater Lake is also the ninth deepest lake in the world.However, on the basis of
Driftwood is wood that has been washed onto the shore of a sea, river, or lake by winds, tides, waves or man. In some waterfront areas, driftwood is a major nuisance. However, the driftwood provides shelter and food for birds, fish and other aquatic species as it floats in the ocean. Gribbles, shipworms and bacteria decompose the wood and gradually turn it into nutrients that are reintroduced to the food web. Sometimes, the partially decomposed wood washes ashore, where it also shelters birds, plants, and other species. Driftwood can become the foundation for sand dunes. Driftwood can be: In history. According to Norse mythology, the first humans, Ask and Embla, were formed out of two pieces of driftwood, an ash and an elm, by the god Odin and his brothers, Ve and Vili.  Driftwood carried by Arctic rivers was the main, or sometimes only, source of wood for some Inuit and other Arctic populations living north of the tree-line until they came into regular contact with European traders.  Many people use driftwood as parts of decorative furniture or other art forms, and it is a popular element in the scenery of fish tanks.
The following is a list of incorporated places with the most people living in them in the United States. The United States Census Bureau says an "incorporated place" can have many names, such as city, town, village, borough, and municipality. A few special census-designated places (CDPs) are also in the Census Bureau's list of incorporated places. Consolidated city-counties are a type of place that includes all of a county, or something like it with a different name. Some consolidated city-counties, however, include more than one incorporated place. This list presents only that part (or "balance") of such consolidated city-counties that are not a part of another incorporated place. 50 states and the District of Columbia. The table below lists the 336 incorporated places in the United States with more than 100,000 people living in them on July 1, 2023, as estimated by the United States Census Bureau. A city is displayed in bold if it is a state or federal capital city, and in "italics" if it is the city with the most people of the state. Five states—Delaware, Maine, Vermont, West Virginia and Wyoming—do not have cities with more than 100,000 people living in them. The table below shows the following things:   Puerto Rico. The table below lists the five municipalities () of Puerto Rico with more than 100,000 people living in them on July 1, 2023, as estimated by the United States Census Bureau. If Puerto Rico were included with the broader U.S. list, San Juan would be the 58th largest city in the country. The table below contains the following information: Cities that used to have 100,000 people. The table below lists U.S. cities that, in past censuses, have had more than 100,000 people living in them, but do not anymore. Some of these cities were merged into another city. The table below contains the following information:
What Not to Wear is a makeover reality show that is aired on the BBC. The reality show is now presented by Mica Paris and Lisa Butcher, but before them, it was presented by the fashion experts Trinny Woodall and Susannah Constantine. On every episode of the show, there is a makeover of a man or woman who is very unfashionable. The person who is having the makeover is given £2000/$5000 to go shopping and buy new fashionable clothes with the two hosts who give them advice. The makeover helps the person to have a better appearance and be more fashionable.
Elms are deciduous and semi-deciduous trees, found throughout the Northern Hemisphere from Siberia to Indonesia, Mexico to Japan. They have alternate, simple, single- or doubly-serrate leaves, usually asymmetric at the base and sharply pointed at the tip. Elms are hermaphroditic, having perfect flowers, and which, being wind-pollinated, are without petals. The fruit is a round samara. Elms take many decades to grow to maturity.
Just like the other 49 American states, Massachusetts has its own governor. The current governor is Maura Healey. She is a member of the Democratic Party. The first governor of Massachusetts was John Hancock. Commonwealth of Massachusetts: 1780–present. This is a complete list of governors of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Acting governors, denoted as "A" instead of numbered, are included when the Governor resigned or died. Acting governors show a vacancy in the lieutenant governorship. They remain as Lieutenant Governors and merely "act" as governor. Lieutenant governors in Massachusetts do not ascend to the governorship upon death or resignation of their predecessor.
A highway is a road made for travel by the public between important places, such as cities, towns and landmarks. The word "highway" can be different between countries and can also mean a road, freeway, superhighway, autoroute, autobahn, parkway, expressway, autostrasse, autostrada, byway or motorway. Highways come in many different designs. They can include many lanes of traffic, a median (strip of lane or barrier) between lanes of opposing traffic, and access control (ramps and bridges). Highways can also be as simple as a two-lane road. In many countries, these roads are numbered to easily tell them apart. These numbered highways are usually called routes. The United States includes a system called the Interstate Highway system, controlled by AASHTO, where major north/south routes are odd numbered and east/west are even numbered. In Canada, routes that are in the 400s are freeways. In China, types of routes are separated by the first letter of the route; "G" for national road, "S" for provincial road and "Y" for rural roads. Highways are sometimes criticised because of the pollution cars make when driving highways. When too many cars travel along a highway, traffic slows down; this is known as a traffic jam. Public transportation (such as buses) and special lanes for those who have a given number of people in a car are used to help stop these problems.
Beverly Atlee Cleary (née Bunn; April 12, 1916March 25, 2021) was an American children's writer. She was the author of over 80 books for young adults and children. Her characters are normal children facing challenges of growing up, and her stories are filled with humour. Some of her best known and loved characters are Ramona Quimby and her sister Beatrice ("Beezus"), Henry Huggins, Ralph S. Mouse, and Ribsy. Biography. Beverly Cleary was born Beverly Atlee Bunn in McMinnville, Oregon. When she was 6, her family moved to Portland, Oregon, where she went to grammar and high school. She was slow in learning to read, partly because she did not like the books the school wanted her to read, and partly due to an unkind first grade teacher. It was not until she was in third grade that she found enjoyment from books, when she started reading "The Dutch Twins" by Lucy Fitch Perkins. From then on, she visited the library often, though she rarely found the books she most wanted to read — those about children like herself. In 1934, she moved to Ontario, California to attend Chaffey College, from which she earned an Associate of Arts diploma. She then moved to Berkeley to major in English at the University of California. After graduating with a B.A in English in 1938, she studied at the School of Librarianship at the University of Washington in Seattle, where she earned a degree in librarianship in 1939. Her first job was as a librarian in Yakima, Washington, where she met many children who were looking for the same books that she had always hoped to find as a child herself. In response, she wrote her first book which was published in 1950. "Beezus and Ramona", Cleary's first novel to feature the Quimby sisters as the central focus of the story, was published in 1955, although Beezus and Ramona made frequent appearances in the Henry Huggins series as supporting characters. In 1940 she married Clarence
London, Ontario is a large city halfway between Detroit, Michigan and Toronto, Canada. The city had 422,324 people in it in 2021. History. The city had 3,500 people in it in 1846. It had buildings including a jail and court house. Growing. Byron and Masonville, joined London in 1961 adding 60,000 people and almost doubling its area. After this, growth sped up as London grew in all directions. On 1 January 1993, London nearly doubled in size again because other towns joined it. Parks. London has a lot of parks. Victoria Park in downtown London has many events. Some other major parks are Harris Park, Gibbons Park, Fanshawe Conservation Area, Springbank Park, White Oaks Park and Westminster Ponds. Government and law. London's local government is divided among fourteen councillors and the mayor. Josh Morgan was elected mayor in the 2022 election.
Amy Jade Winehouse (14 September 1983 – 23 July 2011) was an English jazz, soul and R&amp;B singer and songwriter. She debuted with the well-received album "Frank" in 2003. Winehouse won five Grammy Awards for her 2006 album "Back to Black". This made her the first British female to win five Grammys. Winehouse had many uncles who were jazz musicians, and she was interested in jazz from a young age. She named her first album after Frank Sinatra. Her music was also influenced by girl groups of the 1960s. Early life. Amy Jade Winehouse was born to Jewish parents Janis and Mitch Winehouse. She was given her first guitar when she was 13 years old. When she was 14 she started writing songs. She'd often write music about her day to day experiences in a book given to her by father. It was later revealed that she used some of the songs she wrote as a teenager on her debut album Frank She went to Sylvia Young Theatre School and the BRIT School. Both schools have very notable alumni including soul-singer Adele and X-Factor contestant, Leona Lewis Career. On 20 October 2003 Winehouse's first album "Frank" was released. She won an Ivor Novello Award for it. On 30 October 2006 her second album "Back to Black" was released. Five singles were released from the album. The first single "Rehab" spent 57 weeks in the UK Singles Chart. It won Record of the Year, Song of the Year, and Best Female Pop Vocal Performance at the 2008 Grammy Awards. Winehouse sung on Mutya Buena's 2007 single "B Boy Baby". Winehouse performed at Nelson Mandela's 90th Birthday Party concert at London's Hyde Park on 27 June 2008. The next day she performed at the Glastonbury Festival. In 2011 "Lioness: Hidden Treasures", a collection of Winehouse's unreleased songs, was released. It reached No.1 in the UK Albums Chart. Winehouse sung on the song "Cherry Wine"
"Canuck" is a slang term for Canadian people. History. The term was first used in the 19th century, although its etymology (origin) is not clear. Some possibilities are: Meaning. The Random House Dictionary says that: "The term Canuck is first recorded about 1835 as an Americanism, originally referring specifically to a French Canadian. This was probably the original meaning, though in Canada and other countries, Canuck now more often refers to any Canadian."  Usage and examples. When "Canuck" is used by Canadians, the meaning is usually affectionate, friendly or patriotic. The history and use of the term include: The use of "Canuck" is similar to the use of some other potentially offensive nicknames. When it is used by the people it names – Canadians in this case – it is usually acceptable. But when it is used by an outsider it can be thought of as insulting one's heritage.
Charles Kirk Clarke (c. 1857 - January 20 1924) was a psychiatrist who had a major role in Canadian politics. He was born in Elora, Ontario, to a former parliamentarian. He went to college at the University of Toronto in 1879. He later went on to found the Canadian National Committee for Mental Hygiene. Clarke first practised psychiatry at the 999 Queen Street institution in Toronto. In 1880 and then took a post at the Hamilton asylum. Clarke was a student and brother-in-law of Joseph Workman, the superintendent of the Toronto Asylum. By 1905, Clarke had abandoned the movement, and many of the other leading psychiatrists would follow suit by the end of World War I since it was clear that eugenic measures did not have the desired effects.
"The Internationale" (, ;  , , , ) is a very well known communist, socialist, and social democratic/socialist song. While it was originally written in French, it was translated into many other languages, including English. The most famous versions, however, are those in Russian and Chinese. The French words, written by Eugene Pottier, were originally supposed to be sung to the tune of "La Marseillaise", but a separate tune was created for it by a Belgian named Pierre Degeyter. The Russian version, written by Arkady Yakolevich Kots () in 1902, was adopted as the national anthem of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR) in 1918 and as that of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (the Soviet Union) in 1922. It stayed like this until 1944, when it was replaced by the State Anthem of the Soviet Union written by Alexander Alexandrov. The Chinese lyrics were written by Qu Qiubai (). The song is known by its tune, and its chorus, which in French begins with "" (meaning "It's the final battle"). Performance. The song has been translated into over 100 languages, making it one of the most translated songs of all time. The song and its translations have been adopted and sung by communists all around the world. In communist countries, it is often sung not just in political party meetings, but also in official gatherings, schools, protests and many other situations.
Hartley is a village in Kent, England. It is 6 miles south of Gravesend and Dartford. The old church is called All Saints. Hartley has many new buildings and some old houses, it now joins Longfield, the place in the north. In 2001 there were 5,395 persons living here. There are also woods and a farm near the houses. Most of the 2,145 houses in Hartley are owned by the persons who live in them. The name Hartley means "place in the wood where the deer are". It was a very small place, but now is like a town. No great events happened here, and not many famous persons lived in Hartley. Geology. In the Cretaceous time, much of England was under the sea. In the deep waters, the chalk of the North Downs of Kent was made. Then the sea made the clay which is over the chalk. Then the Ice Age froze the chalk and there were rivers which made the "dry valley" at Hartley Bottom. History. In the year 1086, 15 families and 3 slaves lived in Hartley. Before the Black Death (1348) about 150 persons lived here. 53 persons made tax payments in 1377, which means about 85 lived here then. In 1392 a paper tells us that there was a chief house, where a manager lived. He farmed land for the owner. This land was called Hartley Court. Other persons who owned land in Hartley, had to go to the court of the owner and do some other work for him.  There was a fight at Hartley Wood in 1554, between supporters and opponents of Queen Mary I of England. Her supporters won. Hartley in 1650 was like the place in 1850, because almost all the buildings were there then. In 1770 the writer Edward Hasted said not many persons go to Hartley. Some buildings were made in the 1700s (like Hartley House and Yew Cottage). In 1841 there were 224 persons living in Hartley. Almost all worked on the farms. There was also
Stephanie Marie McMahon (born 24 September 1976), professionally called Stephanie McMahon is an American businesswoman and former professional wrestler who serves as the vice president of "Talent and Creative Writing" for WWE. She is also the daughter of Vince McMahon. She was the former CEO of WWE before the return of her father. In 2023, Stephanie was listed "Top 10 richest WWE wrestlers" by Times of India. Biography. Stephanie was born in Hartford, Connecticut to Vince McMahon and Linda McMahon with Shane McMahon as brother. She grew up in the United States and has served as the WWE chief brand officer since December 2013. In 2003, She married Triple H. Accolades. In 2020, Women in Toys, Licensing &amp; Entertainment announced Stephanie for the "'WIT Changemaker Award" alongside Pam Lifford, president of Warner Bros. Global Brands and Experiences for the WIT’s Mentor of the Year at the 16th Annual Wonder Woman Awards. She was named "Variety's 2022 Women's Impact Honorees."
A gribble is any species of marine isopod from the family Limnoriidae. They are mostly pale white and small (1-4  mm long) crustaceans.  The term gribble was originally used for the wood-boring species, especially the first species described from Norway by Rathke in 1799, "Limnoria lignorum". The Limnoriidae have species which bore into seaweed and sea grass, as well as wood borers.  There are three genera, "Paralimnoria", "Limnoria" and "Lynseia". "Limnoria" has species in most seas. Those gribbles able to bore into living marine plants are thought to have evolved from a wood (dead plant) boring species.  Gribbles bore into wood and plant material for food. The cellulose of wood is digested. The most destructive species are "Limnoria lignorum", "L. tripunctata" and "L. quadripunctata". According to an expert, they are the only animals able to make a cellulase to dissolve plant cell walls. Other animals that eat plant fibres make use of bacteria in their gut to produce the enzyme. Gribbles do not. This has led some biologists to think of biofuels.
Tuatara ("Sphenodon punctatus") are a species of reptiles which look like lizards. However, they are the only surviving member of an order of reptiles which flourished 200 million years ago. There is now only the genus Sphenodon, with two species of Tuatara. Both are endemic to (only live in) New Zealand. Lizards and snakes are the closest living relatives of the tuatara. Tuatara are green-brown, and measure up to 80 cm from head to the end of their tail. They have a spiny crest along the back: the Maori word "tuatara" refers to this. The crest is more pronounced in males. Tuatara are special in many ways. One of these is the pattern of their teeth. They have two rows of teeth in the upper jaw overlap one row on the lower jaw. This is unique among living species. Sense organs. Third 'eye'. Tuatara are also unusual because they have a third 'eye'. They have two normal eyes. The third eye is on top of their head, in between their other eyes. It does not see like a normal eye. The parietal eye, as it is called, is only visible in hatchlings. They have a translucent patch at the top centre of the skull. After four to six months this becomes covered with opaque scales and pigment. The function of the parietal eye is unknown, but it may be useful in absorbing ultraviolet rays to manufacture vitamin D. It may also do other things. Of all living tetrapods, the parietal eye is most obvious in this animal. The parietal eye is part of the pineal system. The animal's pineal gland secretes melatonin at night. Some salamanders use their pineal body to perceive polarised light, which helps navigation. Unlike lizards they have no eardrums or external male sexual organ. Hearing. Tuataras do not have ears, but they can hear. They have a number of unique features in their skeleton (bones), some of them shared through common descent with fish. Endangered species. The tuatara has been
Dinosaur Jr is an American rock band. The band was formed in 1984 in Massachusetts. The band stopped playing in 1997 but came back together in 2007. The people in the band right now are J Mascis, Lou Barlow and Murph. The band has recorded many albums over the years that were very important to rock music. Some of these albums are "You're Living All Over Me", "Green Mind" and "Beyond". The band is famous for J Mascis' guitar sounds and his powerful guitar solos. Discography. https://www.dinosaurjr.com/music
Band Aid was a British and Irish charity music supergroup. It was started in 1984 by Bob Geldof and Midge Ure. The purpose was to raise money for famine relief in Ethiopia by making the record "Do They Know It's Christmas?" The single was very successful. It was Number One on the music charts during Christmas. Two re-recordings of the song were done. They raised more money and also finished Number One on the charts. Band Aid II re-recorded the song in 1989, and Band Aid 20 did the same in 2004.
Hüsker Dü was an American hardcore punk and later alternative rock band from the 1980s. The band formed in 1979 in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The people in the band were Bob Mould who sang and played electric guitar, Greg Norton (later replaced by Enrique Peña Nieto) who played bass guitar and Grant Hart who sang and played drums. The band stopped playing together in 1987. The band's sound changed very much over the years they were together, but it was always very loud and powerful. The band began as a hardcore band. They played extremely loud and very fast and often screamed their vocals instead of singing. As time went on, the songs began to get slower and more melodic. By the time the band had stopped playing together, their music was no longer punk rock and had changed to alternative rock. Hüsker Dü always had more than one singer. This is because the band decided early in their time together that whoever wrote the lyrics of a song would sing that song. This meant that many of the songs were be very different from each other, but it also caused fights within the band. In 1987, the band stopped playing together because of these fights.