ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Tropical Storm Pabuk, also referred to as Cyclonic Storm Pabuk, was a weak storm that hit the Malay Peninsula in January 2019. It was also the earliest storm in both the Western Pacific and North Indian Ocean basins on record. Forming on the last day of 2018, Pabuk went into 2019 and crossed into the North Indian Ocean basin several days later. The first storm of the 2019 Pacific typhoon and North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons, Pabuk first appeared as a tropical disturbance in the South China Sea on December 28, 2018, which organized into a tropical depression on December 31. Pabuk killed a total of 10 people, and the storm caused an estimated total of USS$95 million in damages. In Thailand, eight people were killed and the economic losses were estimated at $93.8 million. Pabuk also caused one death each in Vietnam and Malaysia.  Storm history. A tropical disturbance formed over the southern portion of the South China Sea on December 28, 2018, absorbing the remnants of on December 30. Under high vertical wind shear, the low-pressure area remained messy until December 31 when it was upgraded to a tropical depression by both the JMA and the JTWC. Under good conditions, including warm sea surface temperatures, good outflow but strong vertical wind shear, Pabuk did not manage to intensify further for another two days until it started to move west-northwestward and entered the Gulf of Thailand on January 3, where vertical wind shear was slightly weaker. Soon after Pabuk crossed over into the basin, the IMD started to make warnings on the storm, making Pabuk the earliest-forming cyclonic storm for this basin, as well as the first cyclonic storm with a name originally assigned by RSMC Tokyo. Over the few days days, Pabuk continued moved west-northwestward, before weakening into a well-marked low on January 7. The system's remnant low then turned to the northeast. Finally, it disappeared on January 8. Impact. The storm caused 10 deaths in total, and total damages were
Mobility as a Service (MaaS) is transportation that you can buy but do not have to own. For example, you can pay an Uber car to pick you up, but you do not own that car. Or you can pay for a city bike to travel around the city, but you do not own the bike. In each case, you pay for the transportation. Public buses, taxis, subways, high-speed rail, and airplanes are already forms of MaaS. MaaS is already becoming popular around the world from the US, Europe, Japan, Korea, to China. Examples. Examples include Short-term impact. MaaS may decrease how many people own cars. This is already the case in China, where more than half of the population do not have cars--they just do not need it. Benefits. MaaS can decrease traffic. Self driving cars (AV). Uber, Tesla, General Motors, Waymo, Apple, and Local Motors are building self-driving vehicles (or autonomous vehicles, AVs). Self-driving cars could take people where they wanted to go at a lower cost than a taxi or ridesharer. It could help benefit the environment, make transportation faster, and even improve healthcare.
The Khazars were a semi-nomadic Turkic people. They formed an empire called Khazaria in Russia from the 6th to 10th century CE. They are said to have originated from the Western Turkic Khaganate of the Eurasian steppe, a vast plain encompassing Central Asia and southeastern Europe. Overview. Khazaria was an international trading center. It was a hub on the Silk Road that linked ancient China, the Middle East and the Kievan Rus'. For three centuries (c. 650–965), the Khazars conquered the area from the Volga-Don steppes to Crimea and the Caucasus. Khazaria was located between the Byzantine Empire, the steppe nomads and the Umayyad Caliphate. It helped the Byzantines defend itself from the Sasanian Persian empire. The alliance ended around 900. Between 965 and 969, the Kievan Rus replaced Khazaria. Name. Khazar or "Xazar" may have come from *Qasar. The Turkic root "qaz-" means "to ramble, to roam" (used in Qazaqsa or Kazakh), similar to the Common Turkic "kez-". Some claimed that it came from "qas-" ("tyrannize, oppress, terrorize") because it is similar to the Uyghur name "Qasar". Others see it as a person or tribe's name. For instance, the Chinese name Kesa for "Khazars" may be one of the tribal names of the Uyğur Toquz Oğuz of the Göktürks, namely the "Gésà".  However, others say Kesa was not a tribal name but the name of the chief of the "Sijie" (思結) tribe of the Toquz Oğuz. In Middle Chinese, the name "Khazars" always comes before the word "Tūjué" ("Tūjué Kěsà bù": 突厥可薩部; "Tūjué Hésà": �
Batam (also called Batam City) is an industrial city in the province of Riau Islands, Indonesia. Over 1 million people live in it. It is the biggest city in Riau Islands, and the third biggest city in Sumatra. It is part of the Indonesia-Malaysia-Thailand and Indonesia-Malaysia-Singapore free-trade zone. The city administrative covers an area of 3 big islands with some small islands surround them. The 3 big islands are Batam, Rempang, and Galang. The islands are conected by bridges called Barelang Bridges () that is a short name for Batam-Rempang-Galang Bridges.
Spaceship Earth (or Spacecraft Earth or Spaceship Planet Earth) is a world view encouraging everyone on Earth to act as a harmonious crew working toward the greater good. History. The earliest known use is a passage in Henry George's best known work, "Progress and Poverty" (1879). From book IV, chapter 2:  It is a well-provisioned ship, this on which we sail through space. If the bread and beef above decks seem to grow scarce, we but open a hatch and there is a new supply, of which before we never dreamed. And very great command over the services of others comes to those who as the hatches are opened are permitted to say, "This is mine!" George Orwell later paraphrases Henry George in "The Road to Wigan Pier": The world is a raft sailing through space with, potentially, plenty of provisions for everybody; the idea that we must all cooperate and see to it that everyone does his fair share of the work and gets his fair share of the provisions seems so blatantly obvious that one would say that no one could possibly fail to accept it unless he had some corrupt motive for clinging to the present system. In 1965 Adlai Stevenson made a famous speech to the UN in which he said: We travel together, passengers on a little space ship, dependent on its vulnerable reserves of air and soil; all committed for our safety to its security and peace; preserved from annihilation only by the care, the work, and, I will say, the love we give our fragile craft. We cannot maintain it half fortunate, half miserable, half confident, half despairing, half slave—to the ancient enemies of man—half free in a liberation of resources undreamed of until this day. No craft, no crew can travel safely with such vast contradictions. On their resolution depends the survival of us all. The following year, "Spaceship Earth" became the title of a book by a friend of Stevenson's, the internationally influential economist Barbara Ward. Also in 1966, Kenneth E. Boulding, who was influenced by reading Henry George, used the phrase in the title of an essay, "The Economics of the Coming Spaces
Sir Edward Frederick William David Walugembe Mutebi Luwangula Muteesa II (19 November 1924 – 21 November 1969) was Kabaka of the Kingdom of Buganda from 22 November 1939 until his death. He was the thirty-fifth Kabaka of Buganda and the first President of Uganda. The foreign press often referred to him as King Freddie, a name rarely used in Uganda.
Erwang Sanke (二王三恪) or "the two crownings and the three respects" is something Chinese emperors did to honor the previous dynasty. For example the Sui dynasty came directly before the Tang. So the Tang may honor descendants of the Sui royal family. The Tang would do this by giving these Sui descendants land to rule over. The Tang said you can control these lands and use laws of the previous Sui dynasty if you wish. There may also be a sacrifice at a religious place. This was done to show respect to previous dynasties. This was also to make a peaceful transition of power. It has been done in every major Chinese dynasty from the Xia to the Qing. Sometimes people would pretend to be the descendants of the previous dynasty just to get this benefit. Name. Er wang 二王 means two rulers. This refers to the current ruler and the previous ruler. San ke 三恪 means three respects. This could refer to how this was done for the first three generation descendants of the previous ruler (their children, grandchildren, and great grandchildren).
is a Japanese multinational provider of information technology (IT) services and products. It is headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. It provides IT and network solutions to businesses, communications services providers and to government agencies. It has also been the biggest PC seller in Japan since the 1980s. The company was known as the Nippon Electric Company, Limited, before rebranding in 1983 as NEC. NEC was the world's fourth biggest PC manufacturer by 1990. Its NEC Semiconductors business unit was the global semiconductor sales leader between 1985 and 1990, the second largest in 1995, one of the top three in 2000, and one of the top 10 in 2006. It was still one of the top 20 semiconductor sales leaders before merging with Renesas Electronics. NEC is a member of the Sumitomo Group. NEC was #463 on the 2017 Fortune 500 list.
Neoconservatism (often shortened as neocon) is a form of American conservatism that emphasizes an aggressive American foreign policy. It started in the United States during the 1960s. Neocons supported the Vietnam war, but disliked the Democratic party, Great Society, and the New Left. Neoconservative sometimes refers to people who started as anti-Stalinists and then became American conservatives during the 1960s and 1970s. Examples. Some neocons are Republicans, like the United States Presidents from the 1970s to the 2000s. For example, George W. Bush started the 2003 invasion of Iraq. His neocon advisors include Paul Wolfowitz, Elliott Abrams, Richard Perle, and Paul Bremer. Dick Cheney and Donald Rumsfeld are also often said to be Neocons. They supported the defence of Israel during the Second Intifada and the American wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. Very few of those people actually called themselves Neoconservatives though. Some people who call themselves Neoconservatives are Douglas Murray and Reihan Salaam. Where it came from. The idea started in the 1960s with Jewish magazine "Commentary", edited by Norman Podhoretz and published by the American Jewish Committee. They opposed the New Left and thus started the neocon movement. The name was invented in the 1970s.
Han Buddhism () or Chinese buddhism refers to Buddhism written in Chinese characters (hanzi) or that of the East Asian cultural sphere. It is one of the three main existing schools of Buddhism: the other two are Tibetan Buddhism and Theravada. It is mainly practiced in China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam. It has had a great impact on East Asian culture. Like Tibetan Buddhism, Han Buddhism comes from Mahayana, the branch of Buddhism written mainly in Sanskrit and from northern Gandhara (modern-day Pakistan). Han Buddhism has a lot of interaction between Buddhism and Taoism. History. There are legends that Laozi was the Buddha himself, or that the Buddha came from the Tibetan kingdom of Zhangzhung. There are other legends that Buddhism had existed in China since ancient times (before the Qin dynasty). Qin dynasty (221–206 bc). The Shiji 《》has a section called「禁不得祠」(jin bude ci). It says: “徙謫，實之初縣。禁不得祠。明星出西方。” In the 20th century, Japanese scholar Fujita Toyohachi () said Buddhism entered China during the Qin dynasty. The word 不得 (pinyin: "bude"; rough pronunciation: boo-duh) is pronounced nearly exactly like the Sanskrit word "Buddha". It was used to write down Buddha in the Chinese language. Others (like ) disagreed. Moreover it is unlikely 得 would be used to transliterate. And based on the evolution of Chinese tones, 不得 would sound something like putug ( says “不得” is [pɯtɯːɡ]). Han Dynasty (206 bc–220 ce). It is generally believed Buddhism was introduced during the (Western, before 1 BC) Han dynasty. It came from the western regions and Silk Road. According to the Weilüe《‧西戎傳》、《‧釋老志》and other records, Emperor Ai of Han's men gave the people the Pagoda Sutra《浮屠经》。 In
is a Japanese video game programmer, designer, and producer. He is best known as the former head of Sonic Team, where he was the lead programmer of the original "Sonic the Hedgehog" series of games on the Sega Genesis. In 2006, he created Prope, an independent game company. In January 2018, he joined Square Enix. Career. Naka learned how to program by copying and debugging video game code printed in magazines. The experience made him want to study assemblers and practice writing code during his school classes. After graduating high school, Naka decided to skip university and stay in his home town. Around 1983, Naka saw that Sega was looking for programming assistants. He decided to apply. After a short interview, he started working for Sega in April 1984. His first task was designing maps and checking floppy disks for a game called "Road Runner" for the SF-7000. Naka can't remember if the game was ever released. His first major project was a game called "Girl's Garden". He and Hiroshi Kawaguchi created it together as part of their training process.
American exceptionalism is the belief that  Unique nation. The US started from the American Revolutionary War. Martin Lipset calls it the "first new nation". It developed an American set of ideas (Americanism) based on republicanism, democracy, laissez-faire (no government interference in economy), liberty, equality, individualism (importance of individual). Unique mission. Abraham Lincoln said in the Gettysburg address (1863), that Americans have a responsibility to make sure that the "government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth."
Neoconservatism in Japan refers to the new generation of Japanese conservatives. They are nationalistic and think Japan is unique and special. They think they are not responsible for Japan's conquests and wartime history, Japanese war crimes, the Nanjing Massacre, and the Japanese colonization of Korea. They want to change the Japanese constitution and remove Article 9. After losing WW2, Japan wrote into its constitution that it is not allowed to wage war. This is Article 9. The USA helped write it because he wanted to prevent Japan from ever attacking the US or any other country like when Japan attacked Pearl Harbor.  However Japanese neoconservatives want to restore the military in that they want to use the Japanese "Self-Defense" Forces to for more than just "self-defense". But this is against Article 9. Some like Shinzō Abe have visited the Yasukuni Shrine to honor Japanese soldiers who murdered and raped Koreans, Chinese, and other Asians.  They do not like China and refuse to apologize for Imperial Japan's war crimes.  They do not like Korea either, North or South. They do not think their relationship with Korea is special.  Some like Shintaro Ishihara want fewer immigrants. Some want to ban foreigners from voting, and only "Japanese nationals" should have the right.
Su Dingfang (, 591–667) was a leading general of the Tang Dynasty. He won many battles. In 657 he destroyed the Western Turkic Khaganate. This expanded the Tang's western borders to their farthest extent (deep into Central Asia, close to modern Iran). In 660, he also conquered Baekje. He was born in Wuyi (武邑, modern Hengshui, Hebei). Western Turks. In spring 657, Emperor Gaozong sent Su Dingfang to attack the Western Turks. He had the following friends to help him: The Tang took went north.  Su defeated Chumukun first.  Su had fewer than 20,000 men. Ashina Helu's army had nearly 100,000 men. Ashina Helu thought he could defeat Su easily. His army ran at Su but could not break through Su's defense: the front line pointed long spears. Su then counterattacked with cavalry, defeating Helu's army and killing and capturing several tens of thousands of men. Helu ran away. Su kept going. Many tribes of the Western Turks surrendered to Su, including the general Huluwu (胡祿屋), surrendered, and Ashina Helu fled along with his general Qulü (屈律). The rest surrendered to Ashina Buzhen. Su kept chasing Helu but ran into snow storms. Su's men said maybe they should wait for weather to get better. But Su said that Helu would be surprised if they attacked him. So Su and his army kept going. They joined Mishe and Buzhen, made a surprise attack on Helu, and captured or killed tens of thousands. But Helu fled to Shi (石國, modern Tashkent, Uzbekistan), a vassal of the Western Turks.  But Shi did not want to be attacked and defeated by the Tang as well. So they just captured and handed Helu to the Tang.  And so the Tang conquered the Western Turkic Khaganate and brought Central Asia under Chinese control. Some Turks escaped west and became the Khazars in
is a platform game developed by Aspect and published by Sega for the Master System and Game Gear. The Master System version was released in Europe on October 1992. The Game Gear version was released in Europe in October 1992, and in North America and Japan in November 1992. It's a sequel to "Sonic the Hedgehog" for Master System and Game Gear. The Master System version of the game was not released outside Europe and Brazil. The Master System version was released for the Wii's Virtual Console in 2008.
Zhongyuan () or the Central Plains are plains in the middle of China. It is southwest of Beijing. The Yellow River goes through it. It is where Chinese civilization originated from. It is part of the North China Plain. Since the beginning of recorded history, the Central Plain had central importance to the Middle Kingdom (China 中国). It was considered the “Center of the World”. It was the capital of the Xia dynasty. The earliest Chinese writing, the Jiahu symbols and Jiagu writing came from here. "Zhongyuan" is sometimes used to refer to all of Chinese civilization.
Cuphead is a run and gun indie video game developed and published by StudioMDHR. It was announced in 2013. It was released for Microsoft Windows and Xbox One in September 2017. It was released for macOS in October 2018, and for Nintendo Switch in April 2019. The game was inspired by the rubber hose style of animation used in cartoons of the 1930s. Reception. Ben Kuchera of "Polygon" wrote that "Cuphead" was one of the five most interesting games at Microsoft's E3 2014 press conference, even though he knew little about the game other than its aesthetic. He said it "stood out immediately" and that everyone in the website's press room reacted well to the trailer. "Cuphead" won the "IGN" Best Xbox One game at E3 award in 2015. It won the award for "Best Indie Game" at the Gamescom 2015 Awards. It was also nominated as "Best Independent Game" at the E3 2016 Game Critics Awards. Many people say that "Cuphead" is a difficult game. Awards. "Entertainment Weekly" said "Cuphead" was fifth on the list of its "Best Games of 2017". GamesRadar said it was ninth on their list of the 25 Best Games of 2017". "Polygon" said it was 14th on their list of the "50 best games of 2017". Animated series. A animated series based on the video game, which is titled The Cuphead Show!, was released on February 18, 2021.
Slavic paganism describes Slavic pagan beliefs before Christianisation Slavs had their own mythology. Sources about Slavs and their beliefs mainly come from the old Ruthenian chronicles and notes of German bishops. A lot of information is in Helmold's Chronica Sclavorum. There's also Chronicle of Thietmar, and the other chronicles, although they are not the only sources of information about Slavs and their beliefs. There's also for example the diary of a Jewish trader of the Slaves - Ibrahim Ibn Jacob. Gods and Goddesses. The pantheon of gods in Slavic beliefs was large. Some of the most important are: Some regions had different gods for different concepts. For example, West Slavs (mainly Polabians and Volinians) believed that Svetovid was a creator of the world while eastern ones believed that it was Rod. Demons. Slavs had their own demonology. One of the most well-known demons in Slavic beliefs is Baba Yaga, with the appearance of an ugly and deformed woman. Baba Yaga has counterparts in many European beliefs, such as the German Frau Holle and Italian Befana. There are also a lot of similarities with the Greek mythological witch Circe. There are also : History. Poland. Polans and other Polish tribes came to the territory of today's Poland, probably in the VIII and IX century, bringing their beliefs on the west. Polans and their beliefs are described in the Primary Chronicle by Ruthenian chronicler Nestor. There are also famous Helmold's Chronica Slavorum and the other chronicles and notes of German bishops, geographs, as well as the old Ruthenian chroniclers and Jewish or Arabian traders of Slavs. The history of paganism as the main religion in Poland ends in the Baptism of Poland in 966, but it is not the end of Slavic paganism. Pagans would not agree to the Christian reforms of Mieszko I and his sons, causing a Pagan Reaction in Poland. There was an uprising of pagans in 1037-1038 (later supressed by Casimir the Restorer). During the uprising,
was a Japanese diplomat. He was the Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) from July 2009, until his death in July 2019. Amano was an international civil servant for the United Nations.  Amano died on 18 July, 2019 at the age of 72.
Donald Louis Mossi (January 11, 1929 – July 19, 2019) was an American major league pitcher from 1954 to 1965. He was a left-handed control pitcher. He played for the Cleveland Indians (1954–1958), Detroit Tigers (1959–1963), Chicago White Sox (1964) and for the Kansas City Athletics (1965). Mossi was born in St. Helena, California. Mossi died on July 19, 2019, in Nampa, Idaho at age 90.
Peter McNamara (5 July 1955 – 20 July 2019) was an Australian tennis player and coach. McNamara won five singles titles and nineteen doubles titles in his career. He won the 1980 and 1982 men's doubles championship at Wimbledon and the Australian Open doubles in 1979. McNamara's highest rank in doubles was No. 3. He was born in Melbourne. McNamara died on 20 July 2019, at the age of 64, from prostate cancer in Sonthofen, Bavaria, Germany.
Hugo Omar Cóccaro (4 May 1954 – July 21 2019) was an Argentine Justicialist Party (PJ) politician. He was Governor of Tierra del Fuego Province from 2005 to 2007. Cóccaro was born in Saladillo, Argentina. Cóccaro died on 21 July 2019 in Buenos Aires at the age of 65. The cause was cancer.
Antonino Cuffaro (21 April 1932 – 20 July 2019) was an Italian politician. He was born in Sambuca di Sicilia, Italy. Cuffaro was a member of the Italian Parliament from 1976 to 1987 and again from 1994 to 1996. He was a member of the Italian Communist Party. Cuffaro died on 20 July 2019 in Trieste, Italy at the age of 87.
Paul Krassner (April 9, 1932 – July 21, 2019) was an American writer and satirist. He was the founder, editor and a contributor to the freethought magazine "The Realist". Krassner became an important figure in the counterculture of the 1960s as a member of Ken Kesey's Merry Pranksters. He was a founding member of the Yippies.  Krassner died on July 21, 2019 in Desert Hot Springs, California at the age of 87.
Lois Jean Wille (née Kroeber; September 19, 1931 – July 23, 2019) was an American journalist, editor, and author. She won her first of two Pulitzer Prizes in 1963 for her reports about how the Chicago local government’s failure to have good services to low-income women.  Her stories led to a number of important policy changes in women’s healthcare, public housing, and the juvenile court systems. She was born in Chicago. In 1989, she received her second Pulitzer Prize for editorial writing. Wille died on July 23, 2019 in Chicago from a stroke at the age of