ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
This is a chronological list of every government formed by the prime ministers of Northern Cyprus. A new number is allocated to each new Prime Minister. List of prime ministers of Northern Cyprus (1975–present). Prime ministers of the Turkish Federated State of Cyprus (1975–1983). This list gives all prime ministers after the founding of the Turkish Federated State of Cyprus, which was intended as an autonomous part of Cyprus, but was rejected by the government of the Republic of Cyprus. Prime ministers of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (1983–present). This list gives all prime ministers after Northern Cyprus' unilateral declaration of independence in 1983, which followed after the refusal of the government of the Republic of Cyprus to recognize the Turkish Federated State of Cyprus.
Johannes Wilhelmus "Willy" Hautvast (31 August 1932 – 6 May 2020) was a Dutch clarinetist, composer and conductor. He was born in Maastricht, the Netherlands.  He became solo clarinet player in the "Dutch Royal Navy Band" from 1951 until 1974. He also became arranger, he arranged around 250 pieces for this band at the "Royal Air Force Chapel". In 1974 he became director at the Band and Classical Department at the Music Education Center The Lindenberg in Nijmegen. He has conducted several orchestras.  In 1991 he was awarded "Knight" in the Order of Orange-Nassau. Hautvast died in Nijmegen on 6 May 2020, aged 87.
List of speakers of the Assembly of the Republic (Northern Cyprus) is the list of individuals who were speakers of the Assembly of the Republic. List. Below is a list of office-holders:
The House of Representatives ( ; ) is the parliament of the Republic of Cyprus. Members are elected by proportional representation every five years. 30% of seats are given to the Turkish Cypriot community, but these have been empty since 1964. Presidents of the House of Representatives. The following people have been Presidents of the House
Carice Anouk van Houten (; born 5 September 1976) is a Dutch actress and singer. She became well known for her role in "Black Book" (2006). She was nominated for a Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress for "Valkyrie" (2008). Van Houten is also known for her role as Melisandre on the HBO television series "Game of Thrones" (2012–2019).
The Mortal Storm is a 1940 American drama movie directed by Frank Borzage and based on the 1937 novel of the same name by Phyllis Bottome. It stars Margaret Sullivan, James Stewart, Robert Young, Robert Stack, Frank Morgan, Irene Rich, Ward Bond, Esther Dale and was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. The movie shows the impact on Germans after Adolf Hitler becomes chancellor of Germany and a dictator.  A year after the film's release, Stewart began serving in the United States Army Air Forces during World War II.
The Father of the Nation is an honorific title given to a person considered the driving force behind the establishment of his country, state, or nation. (plural ), also seen as , was a Roman honorific meaning the "Father of the Fatherland". It was given by the Senate to heroes, and later on emperors. In monarchies, the monarch was often considered the "father/mother of the nation" or as a patriarch to guide his family. This concept is callef the Divine Right in some monarchies. In others it is part of constitutional law. In Spain the monarch is considered the personification and embodiment, the symbol of the unity and permanence of the nation. The title "Father of the Nation" may be politically contested, e.g. in 1972 the Constitution of Bangladesh declared Sheikh Mujibur Rahman to be "father of the nation". The BNP government removed this in 2004, to the protests of the opposition Awami League, led by Rahman's daughter Sheikh Hasina. List. The following Gentlemen are still often called the "Father" of their respective nations.
A round of drinks is a set of alcoholic beverages bought by one person in a group for the whole group. The buyer buys the round of drinks as a single order at the bar. In many places it is common for people to take turns buying rounds. It is a nearly ubiquitous custom in Ireland, the United Kingdom, Canada, New Zealand, and Australia. In Australia and New Zealand it is called shouting.
Ahmaud Arbery was a 25-year-old African American man. On February 23, 2020, three white men chased him in trucks and shot him while he was running in Satilla Shores near the town of Brunswick in Georgia. His death became famous because a video of the shooting on the internet, because of an #IRunWithMaud Twitter campaign, because there was a long delay before the men who shot him were arrested, and because his death and their arrests happened around the same time as the deaths of George Floyd and Breonna Taylor and the Black Lives Matter protests. Floyd and Taylor are African Americans who were killed by police. The three men who chased Arbery were charged with many crimes, including murder. Their hearings and trials were delayed many times because of the COVID-19 pandemic. On November 24, 2021, all three men were found guilty of murder in a Georgia state court. They were sentenced to life in prison. In February 2022, all three men were found guilty of hate crimes in a United States federal court. Shooting. On February 23, Gregory McMichael, 64 years old, and his son Travis, 34 years old, saw Arbery running through the neighborhood. They said they thought he looked like the same man who had been breaking into houses nearby. They got their guns and got into their truck to chase Arbery. Another man, William Bryan, came with them in his own car. There was some kind of fight, during which Arbery was shot and killed. According to the Georgia Board of Investigation, Travis, not Gregory, shot Arbery. Gregory McMichael said that Arbery had attacked Travis. According to Arbery's family and friends, he was running for exercise and was in Santilla Shores because he lived nearby. Arrests and hearings. On May 5, a video showing the shooting was released to the public. Gregory and Travis McMichael were arrested on May 7. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) both said it was bad that it had taken so long. The McMichaels are both white. The
Sara Fabel is model, actress, and tattoo artist from Finland. Biography. She initially started posting her artworks and modeling photos through her social media platforms like Facebook, Tumblr and Instagram. In late 2010, she had developed a fan base around her art and modelling. Then she started traveling to create contacts with international photographers and artists to get herself involved in collaborations and campaigns. After coming to United States in 2013, Sara Fabel retired from modeling and started her career in art. She also collaborated with Kevin Llewellyn which was featured in Kat Von D's Wonderland gallery.
Khichdi (), is a dish from the Indian subcontinent made from rice and lentils ("dal"), but other variations include "bajra" and mung "dal kichri". In Indian culture, it is considered one of the first solid foods that babies eat. Kichri is a salty porridge. The Anglo-Indian dish Kedgeree is thought to derive from khichri.
Richard Jantz is an American Anthropologist. He focused on fields such as forensic anthropology, genetics, and also organized existing information in databases. He has written over 100 published articles, and his research has led the fields of physical and forensic anthropology. Jantz is currently a professor for the Department of Anthropology at the University of Tennessee.  Background. Richard Jantz grew up in central Kansas, and went to Kansas University. At school, he found that his strengths lay in statistical analysis.  Research. Jantz's recent research involves measuring the differences in bone size and shape between different Native American tribes. In this research, he challenged work done by Franz Boas, a founder of modern anthropology. The original study, done by Boas in the early 1900s, showed that children born in America had bones closer to other American adults, and children born in Europe had bones closer to those of other Europeans. In 2002, Jantz did his own study to test Boas' findings. He writes that he found no significant difference between the bones of American and European children, but his study receives criticism from many other anthropologists.  A well-respected anthropologist, Jonathan Marks, said that Jantz's new research "has the ring of desperation to it (if not obfuscation), and has been quickly rebutted by more mainstream biological anthropology." Later, other anthropologists also looked back over Boas' study and found that he was actually correct.  Richard Jantz has also worked to advance scientific methods of determining sex based on bone shape. He has worked with many Native American remains to organize data in large computer databases.  Jantz played a large role in the discovery and legal battle over a prehistoric skeleton called the Kennewick Man, suing the government to get more access to it for research. He argued that since the skeleton was radiocarbon dated to about 9,000 years old, no modern-day Native American tribes could really claim the skeletons as their own under the NAGPRA law.  He worked to identify the crew of a confederate shipwreck found near South Carolina, and was part of a reexamination of the Nikumaroro bones to determine if they could have belonged to Amelia Earhart.
Marc Alfos (May 20, 1956 – August 3, 2012) was a French voice actor.
A Condorcet method (; ) is one of many election methods. It is part of a group of voting methods called ranked voting: people rank the candidates, by their preference. A condorcet method will elect the candidate that is preferred by more voters than their opponent in every head-to-head election against each of the other candidates, whenever there is such a candidate. This candidate, known as the "pairwise champion" or "beats-all winner", is formally called the "Condorcet winner". When voters rank the people according to their choice, they can also assign the same rank to more than one candidate. To get the result, the people analyzing will look at how often a candidate is ranked higher than its competitors. Candidates that are always above their opponents are the Condorcet winners. There are different Condorcet methods. When there is a Condorcet winner, they will agree on who the Condorcet winner is. There are situations, when there is no Condorcet winner. In these situations, the different methods use different ways to pick a candidate, who they then declare as successful. Social choice theory looks at different methods of selecting a winner; each of the methods as benefits and drawbacks.  There may be situations, where such a Condorcet winner might not exist in a particular election. This is because the preference of a group of voters selecting from more than two options can possibly be cyclic — that is, it is possible (but very rare) that every candidate has an opponent that defeats them in a two-candidate contest. (This is similar to the game rock paper scissors, where each hand shape wins against only one opponent and loses to another). The possibility of such cyclic preferences in a group of voters is known as the Condorcet paradox. However, there always exists a smallest group of candidates that beats all candidates not in the group, known as the Smith set, which is guaranteed to only have the Condorcet winner in it when one exists; many Condorcet methods always elect a candidate who is in the Smith set when there is no Condorcet winner, and are thus said to be "Smith-efficient". The Condorcet winner is also usually but not necessarily the
In voting systems, the Smith set, named after John H. Smith, but also known as the top cycle, or as Generalized Top-Choice Assumption (GETCHA), is the smallest non-empty set of candidates in an election such that more voters prefer any candidate in the set over any candidate not in the set in head-to-head matchups. The Smith set is one way to determine who the best candidates in an election are. Voting systems that always elect a candidate from the Smith set pass the Smith criterion and are said to be "Smith-efficient". A set of candidates where every candidate in the set pairwise beats every candidate not in the set is known as a dominating set. Algorithms. The Smith set can be calculated with the Floyd–Warshall algorithm in time Θformula_1. It can also be calculated using a version of Kosaraju's algorithm or Tarjan's algorithm in time Θformula_2. It can also be found by ordering the candidates by their number of pairwise victories minus pairwise defeats (a Copeland method ranking), and then looking for the smallest group of candidates, starting from the top, who pairwise beat all candidates not already in the group. Example using the Copeland ranking: A pairwise loses to C, so it is certain that all candidates from A through C (A, B, and C) are in the Smith set. However, there is one matchup where a candidate who is known to be in the Smith set loses or ties someone who may or may not be in the Smith set: C loses to D; so D is confirmed to be in the Smith set. Another such matchup can now be seen: D ties with E. So E is added into the Smith set. Because all of A through E beat all candidates other than each other, the Smith set is A through E.
Tomás Felipe Carlovich (20 April 1949 – 8 May 2020) was an Argentine professional football player and coach. He was born in Rosario, Argentina. As a player, he played for Rosario Central, Central Córdoba and Independiente Rivadavia. As a coach, he managed Central Córdoba. On 6 May 2020, Carlovich was beaten with a shovel by a robber in Rosario while riding his bike. He died two days later in a coma at a hospital from his injuries, aged 71.
Cécile Rol-Tanguy (10 April 1919 – 8 May 2020) was a French communist. She was a Resistance fighter during World War II. She was active in the liberation of Paris. She was secretariat and a liaison officer, in charge of operations and confidential communications. She was born in Royan, Saintonge. In 2008, Rol-Tanguy became the Grand Officer of the Legion d’Honneur. Rol-Tanguy died at her home in Monteaux, Loir-et-Cher on 8 May 2020, aged 101.
Pairwise comparison is any process of comparing things in pairs to judge which of two things is preferred, or has a greater amount of some something, or whether or not the two things are identical. The method of pairwise comparison is used in the scientific study of preferences, attitudes, voting systems, social choice, public choice, requirements engineering and multiagent AI systems. In psychology literature, it is often referred to as paired comparison. Overview. If someone shows what they like more between two options, this preference can be expressed as a pairwise comparison. If the two alternatives are "x" and "y", these three pairwise comparisons are possible: The person prefers "x" over "y": ""x" &gt; "y" or "xPy" The person prefers "y" over "x": "y" &gt; "x" or "yPx" The person has no preference between both alternatives: "x" = "y" or "xIy"" Transitivity. It is generally assumed that pairwise comparisons are transitive. Most agree on what transitivity is, though there is debate about the transitivity of indifference. The rules of transitivity are as follows. This is linked to (xPy or xIy) being a total preorder, P being the related strict weak order, and I being the related equivalence relation. Argument for intransitivity of indifference. Some believe that indifference (lack of preference) is not transitive. Consider the following example. Suppose you like apples and you prefer apples that are larger. Now suppose there exists an apple A, an apple B, and an apple C that are the same except for the following. Suppose B is larger than A, but it is not possible to see this without an extremely sensitive measuring device. Also suppose C is larger than B, but this also can't be seen without a sensitive measuring device. However, the difference in sizes between apples A and C is large enough that you can see it. In psychophysical terms, the size difference between A and C is above the just noticeable difference ('jnd') while the size differences between A and B and B and C are below the jnd. You are confronted with the
Madeleine Riffaud (23 August 1924 – 6 November 2024) was a French poet, journalist, war correspondent and a member of the French Resistance. She was born in Arvillers, France. Riffaud was awarded the National Order of Merit. She began operating for the French Forces of the Interior at the age of 18 under the codename "Rainer". On July 23, 1944, at age 19, she became known for the killing of a German officer, whom she shot dead. Shortly afterwards, she was captured by the Gestapo and was nearly executed. After the war ended in 1945, she became a journalist for , a French newspaper. She turned 100 on 23 August 2024, and died on 6 November 2024, in her Paris apartment.
Marie-José Chombart de Lauwe ("née" Wilborts; born 31 May 1923) is a French sociologist, activist and World War II resistance fighter. She was born in Paris. In 2008, she was honored with the Legion of Honour.  During World War II, she was arrested by the Gestapo to La Santé Prison. She was nearly executed.  In 1954, she began working for the National Centre for Scientific Research. In 1996, she became Chair of the Fondation pour la Mémoire de la Déportation.
Irish Home Rule was a proposed system of government in Ireland, in which Ireland would have its own government inside the United Kingdom. Until 1920, Ireland was ruled directly by the British government. British members of parliament tried to pass bills for Home Rule in 1886, 1893, and 1912, but they never got enough votes to pass. Irish Nationalists supported Home Rule, and Irish Unionists opposed it. The 1886 bill was supported by the Liberal Party, but did not get enough votes in the House of Commons. The 1893 bill got enough votes to pass in the House of Commons, but not the House of Lords. William Gladstone was an important supporter of both. The 1912 bill also passed in the House of Commons, but not the House of Lords. In 1912, Unionists in Ulster signed a document called the Ulster Covenant, and made an army called the Ulster Volunteers, to fight against Home Rule. Although many Nationalists wanted Home Rule, some thought it was not good enough. Most members of the party Sinn Féin wanted Ireland to be completely separate from Great Britain. Sinn Féin became the most powerful party in 1916 and made their own government in Dublin, the Dáil Éireann. Irish Nationalists fought in the Irish War of Independence against the British government from 1919-1921. In 1920, Britain passed a law that said there would be two parliaments, one for Northern Ireland, and one for Southern Ireland. This was a form of Home Rule. However, the Southern Ireland parliament never met. The war did not end until the 1921 Anglo-Irish Treaty, which created the Irish Free State. The Irish Free State still had the same king as Britain, but had a separate government.
"Frinkcoin" is the 13th episode of the 31st season of "The Simpsons". It was first shown on television in the United States on the Fox network on February 23, 2020. In the episode, Professor Frink makes a new cryptocurrency. The episode was watched by 1.84 million people when it was first shown on television. Plot. The Simpson family are eating at a vegan restaurant, wanting Lisa to pick them for a project at school. She chooses Professor Frink because he wants to help the world with science. At Springfield University, Lisa interviews Professor Frink. Frink says he is making a new cryptocurrency called Frinkcoin. Frinkcoin becomes well known, making Frink the richest man in Springfield. Mr. Burns is angry because he is no longer the richest man in Springfield. Frink feels lonely, so Marge says that he should go to Moe's Tavern. Frink gets every question correct in Moe's trivia questions, so they become friends with Frink. Frink shows his friends Springfield's best places. Smithers gets a team of people to create a cryptocurrency for Mr. Burns. The team creates an equation to make Frinkcoin worth nothing, but it will take thousands of years to calculate. Instead, Mr. Burns tells Frink that his friends only like him because he is rich. Burns brings the equation to Springfield for a crowdsourcing solution. Frink finds out that his friends only like him because he is rich. Frink solves the equation himself, but only Lisa knows. Frink loses all of his money, but he is happy to be friends with Lisa and to go back to his university.  Reception. Dennis Perkins of "The A.V. Club" gave the episode a score of B and says that the episode "uses the cryptocurrency concept as an excuse for a largely successful exercise in side-character development." "Den of Geek" gave the episode a 4 out of 5 stars and says "'Frinkcoin' is a satisfying episode" and that Lisa and Frink's actions add up to a "solid half hour investment."
Postal Index Number is also called as Pincode. It is used in India For Post office Numbering or post office system. It is also used for couriering in India. It is used by India Post and many courier Companies. It is six digit long code to identify the city or area.
Esme &amp; Roy is an American-Canadian animated children's television series created by Dustin Ferrer and Amy Steinberg. The series is produced by Sesame Street producer Sesame Workshop and Corus Entertainment's Nelvana. The show follows a little girl named Esme and her best friend, a monster named Roy, who take care of all kinds of creatures when their regular guardians need aid. "Esme &amp; Roy" was broadcast simultaneously on HBO in the United States and Treehouse TV in Canada on August 18, 2018. On May 6, 2019, it was announced that it was renewed for a second season. It was also announced Summer 2019 that season one would premiere on PBS Kids Family Night on August 30 or August 31, 2019 depending on the local station, with regular airtime on Saturday and Sunday mornings on the 24/7 PBS Kids Channel only thereafter. In September 2019, it was announced new episodes of the show would be moving from HBO to HBO Max starting with the second season. The second season aired on March 6, 2021 on PBS Kids. The series ended on PBS Kids on June 27, 2021.
Arie Slob (born November 16, 1961 in Nieuwerkerk aan den IJssel) is a Dutch politician of the ChristianUnion (CU). Slob studied history and went into politics, first on behalf of the Reformed Political Alliance (GPV), later on of its successor the ChristianUnion. Slob was a councillor of Zwolle and a member of the House of Representatives. From 2017 to 2022, he was minister for education for children and teenagers in the Third Rutte cabinet.
Ritva Valkama (real name Valkama-Palo, 13 November 1932 – 8 May 2020) was a Finnish actress. She was known for her comic roles. Harrell was known for her roles in "Häpy Endkö? Eli kuinka Uuno Turhapuro sai niin kauniin ja rikkaan vaimon", "Herr Puntila and His Servant Matti" and "Borrowing Matchsticks". Valkama died on 8 May 2020 in Helsinki, aged 87.
Andre Harrell (September 26, 1960 – May 8, 2020) was an American record producer and hip hop musician. He was born in Harlem, New York. Harrell was the founder of the record label, Uptown Records. Harrell was president/CEO of Motown Records. He was the first half of the hip hop duo Dr. Jeckyll &amp; Mr. Hyde. Harrell was most known as the man that turned Diddy into a music mogul. Harrell died on May 8, 2020 at his home in Hollywood, California of heart failure at the age of 59.