ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
An aristocrat is a person of the highest social class of a society. In many places, aristocrats have hereditary titles. In some societies such as Ancient Greece, Rome, and India, aristocratic status may come from membership in a military caste. It has also been very common for aristocrats to belong to priestly dynasties. Aristocratic status can involve feudal or legal privileges. They are usually below only the monarch of a country or nation in its social hierarchy. In modern era European societies, the term aristocracy has often been used synonymously with the nobility. This was a specific class that arose in the Middle Ages. The term "aristocracy" derives from the Greek ἀριστοκρατία ("aristokratia" ἄριστος ("aristos") "excellent," and κράτος ("kratos") "power".
Discovery is the act of detecting something new, or something "old" that had been unknown. In science and academic disciplines, discovery is the observation of new phenomena. It is discovery of new actions, or new events. It provides new reasoning to explain the knowledge gathered through such observations. A discovery may sometimes be based on earlier discoveries, collaborations, or ideas. Some discoveries represent a radical breakthrough in knowledge or technology. Visual discoveries are often called sightings. Scientific discovery. Before the 17th century, it took extraordinary genius to make even small discoveries. Men such as Galileo Galilei, Isaac Newton and many of their contemporaries made great discoveries. But their greatest contribution was in developing and furthering the scientific method. This was an organized method of making new discoveries. By the end of the century science literally exploded with new discoveries. Ordinary educated scientists could now do what only geniuses could do before. Ancient Greeks depended on observation and philosophy to come up with theories about the physical laws of the universe. Beginning in the 17th century scientists now used scientific proof of their discoveries through experiments. They also defended their discoveries against their peers. This was an important part of the scientific method.
Vafa Guluzade (; 21 December 1940 – 1 May 2015) was an Azerbaijani diplomat, political scientist and specialist in conflict resolution. He worked as Foreign Policy State Advisor for Azerbaijan President Heydar Aliyev between 1990 and 1999. Guluzade was born in Baku to a Shia Muslim family. He was married to Leyla Ahmadova. They had a daughter (1974–2010). Guluzade died from heart failure after surgery on 1 May 2015 in Baku. He was 74.
Michael Joseph Ingelido (November 20, 1916 – April 28, 2015) was an American Air Force major general. He was Commander of the Fourteenth Aerospace Force, (Air Defense Command), Ent Air Force Base in Colorado. He joined the Air Force in 1941 less than two weeks before the attack on Pearl Harbor of World War II, and retired in 1972 during the Vietnam War. Ingelido was born in Meriden, Connecticut. He married his wife Elinor Affinto Ingelido in 1942. They had three sons. Ingelido died from a stroke on April 28, 2015 in Colorado Springs, Colorado, aged 98.
David Bruce "Dave" Goldberg (October 2, 1967 – May 1, 2015) was an American businessman. He was a Yahoo! executive before joining SurveyMonkey in 2009, and later became CEO. He also co-founded LAUNCH Media with Bob Roback. Goldberg was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota to a Jewish family. He graduated from Harvard University in 1989. He was married to Facebook COO Sheryl Sandberg and had two children. Goldberg died on May 1, 2015 at a resort in Punta Mita, near Puerto Vallarta in southwest Mexico, aged 47. He died from head trauma and blood loss after falling off a treadmill.
Elizabeth "Beth" Whittall (May 26, 1936 – May 1, 2015) was a Canadian champion breaststroke and freestyle swimmer. At age 17, she won a silver medal at the 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Vancouver, British Columbia. He won two gold medals at the 1955 Pan American Games in Mexico City, Mexico. In 1987, at the age of 50, she set a Canadian record in the 200-metre freestyle for competitors in the 50 to 54 age range. Whittall was born in Montreal, Quebec. She studied pharmacy at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana, United States. She died on May 1, 2015, aged 78.
Sarah Gonçalves Correa (14 August 1992 – 2 May 2015) was a Brazilian competitive free-style swimmer. She won the gold medal in the 4×200-metre freestyle at the 2010 South American Games in Medellín, Colombia, beating the competition record. At the 2011 Pan American Games in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico, she won the silver medal in the 4×200-metre freestyle. Born in Rio de Janeiro, retired from swimming in 2014 to become a model. Correa was hit by a car while waiting at a bus stop on 1 May 2015 near her home in Barra da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro. She died the next day (2 May), aged 22.
Harry Geisinger (October 31, 1933 – May 1, 2015) was an American politician for the Republican Party. He served in the Georgia House of Representatives from 1969 to 1975 and then from 2005 until his death. Geisinger was born in Roswell, Georgia. He got his Bachelors's degree in business from the University of Cincinnati in Cincinnati, Ohio. Geisinger died from leukemia on May 1, 2015, aged 81.
Michael Lennox Blake (July 5, 1945 – May 2, 2015) was an American writer and screenwriter. He was best known for the movie adaptation of his novel "Dances with Wolves", for which he won an Academy Award and a Golden Globe. Blake was born in Fort Bragg, North Carolina, and grew up in New Mexico, Texas and Southern California. He was married and had three sons. Blake died after a long illness on May 2, 2015 in Tucson, Arizona. He was 69.
Extreme Rules (2015) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view and WWE Network livestreaming show made by WWE. It took place on April 26, 2015 at the Allstate Arena in Rosemont, Illinois. It was the seventh Extreme Rules event held by WWE.  The main event saw Seth Rollins defeat Randy Orton in a steel cage match to keep hisWWE World Heavyweight Championship. In the match, Orton's RKO finisher was banned and Kane served as the gatekeeper for the cage.
Philip Solomon Goodman (February 20, 1926 – May 2, 2015) was an American screenwriter, producer, and movie director. He was best known for directing the drama movie "We Shall Return" (1963), starring Cesar Romero. He also wrote for television series such as "Profiles in Courage", "Danger", "Alfred Hitchcock Presents", "Rocky King Detective", and "Johnny Staccato". He also directed plays at the Actors Studio. Goodman was born in New York City to Flora and Solomon Goodman. He graduated from Brooklyn College and the University of Southern California (USC). He served in the U.S. Army from 1944 to 1946 during World War II. He was married to Evelyn Twersky and had two children, Nicholas, a producer, and Jody, a lawyer. Goodman died on May 2, 2015 in New York City, aged 89.
Abdul Wahid Aresar (11 October 1949 – 3 May 2015) was a Pakistani politician. He was the was one of the heads of the Jeay Sindh Qaumi Mahaz (JSQM), a political party in Sindh. He was the chairman of the party in the 1990s. Aresar died on 3 May 2015 at a private hospital in Karachi, aged 65.
Russell "Russi" Taylor (May 4, 1944 – July 26, 2019) was an American voice actress. She was best known for being the voice of Disney's Minnie Mouse since 1986. She also voiced numerous other Disney characters. Taylor was the wife of the late voice actor Wayne Allwine. He was the third voice of Mickey Mouse from 1991 up until his death in 2009. In 2008, she received a Disney Legends award. She died from colon cancer on July 26, 2019, at her home in Glendale, California, at the age of 75.
Dobri Dimitrov Dobrev () (born 20 July 1914 – 13 February 2018), better known as Grandpa Dobri, Elder Dobri (), or The Saint of Bailovo was a Bulgarian philanthropist. He walks several kilometers each day to sit or stand in front of the Cathedral of Alexander Nevsky in Sofia to collect money for charitable causes. Dobrev donates all the money he collects to charities, orphanages, churches and monasteries. He turned 100 in July 2014. On 13 February 2018, Dobrev died at Kremikovtsi Monastery at the age of 103.
Grace Lee Whitney (born Mary Ann Chase; April 1, 1930 – May 1, 2015) was an American actress and entertainer. She was best known as Janice Rand on the "Star Trek" television series. Whitney died at her home in Coarsegold, California on May 1, 2015 from natural causes, aged 85.
Danny Jones (6 March 1986 – 3 May 2015) was a Welsh professional rugby league footballer. He played at international level for Wales and at club level for Halifax and Keighley Cougars. Jones died of cardiac arrest while playing in London. He was 29 years old.
Colonel Bertram Stuart Trevelyan Archer GC OBE ERD (3 February 1915 – 2 May 2015), known as Stuart Archer, was a recipient of the George Cross, the highest British and Commonwealth award for gallantry not in the face of the enemy.  Archer was born in London. On 3 February 2015 Archer became the first recipient of the Victoria Cross or the George Cross to reach 100 years of age.  Archer died on 2 May 2015 at the age of 100.
Konstantin Konstantinovich Kuzminsky (; 16 April 1940 – 2 May 2015) was a Russian-American performance poet. He published "The Blue Lagoon Anthology of Modern Russian Poetry" as well as other publications including a collection of Russian poetry "The Living Mirror". He also appeared in many documentary movies, including two by Andrei Zagdansky. Kuzminsky was born in Leningrad (now called Saint Petersburg). He moved to the United States from the Soviet Union in 1978. He was married to Emma, nicknamed "Mouse". Kuzminsky died on 2 May 2015 in New York City, aged 75.
Ahmad Akmad Batabol Usman (1974 – 3 May 2015), better known as Abdul Basit Usman, was a Filipino Islamist and fugitive. He was a bomb making expert who was head of the Special Operations Group of the Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters and had links with Abu Sayyaf and Jemaah Islamiyah groups. Usman was born in a village in Shariff Aguak, Maguindanao to a Muslim family. He worked as an Overseas Filipino Worker (OFW) in Pakistan before taking part in militant activities. Usman was killed on 3 May 2014 in Guindulungan, aged 40/41.
Peter Nigel Terry (15 August 1945 – 30 April 2015) was an English stage and movie actor. He was best known by for his role of King Arthur in John Boorman's "Excalibur" (1981). He appeared in the movies "The Lion in Winter" (1968) and "Troy" (2004). He also appeared in the television series "Covington Cross", "Casualty", "Doctor Who", "" and "Waking the Dead". Terry was born in Bristol, Gloucestershire. He died from emphysema on 30 April 2015, aged 69.
A human is a member of the species "Homo sapiens", which means 'wise man' in Latin. Carolus Linnaeus put humans in the mammalian order of primates. Humans are a species of hominid, and chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas and orangutans are their closest living relatives. Humans are mammals. They are also social animals. They usually live in groups. They help and protect each other. They care for their children. Humans are bipedal, which means they walk on two legs. Humans have a complex brain, which is much larger than that of the other living apes. They use language, make ideas, and feel emotions. This brain, and the fact that arms are not needed for walking, lets humans use tools. Humans use tools far more than any other species. Their tools are very advanced. Humans first came from Africa. There are humans living on every continent. As of 2023, there were over 8.1 billion living on Earth. Overpopulation is a problem. Important features. Humans have a long period of development after birth. Their life depends less on instinct than other animals and more on learning. Humans are also born with their brains not so well developed as those of other mammals. This makes for an unusually long childhood, so family life is important. If their brains were better developed at birth, their head would be larger, and this would make birth more difficult. In birth, the baby's head has to get through the 'birth canal', the passageway through the mother's pelvis. Many animals use signs and sounds to communicate with each other. But humans have language. It lets them express ideas by using words. Humans are capable of abstract ideas and can communicate them to others. Human language can express things which are not present or talk about events that are not happening at that time. The things might be elsewhere, and the events may also have occurred at another place or time. No known animals have a system of communication that is as elaborate as human language. By using words to communicate with each other, humans make complex communities with laws, traditions and customs. Humans like to understand the world around them. They
Treehouses are platforms or buildings built into a tree. They are constructed around, next to, or in mature trees. They are usually above ground level. Tree houses can be used for recreation, work space or as an observation deck. A tree house can be a peaceful quiet place for seclusion or solitude. Practical uses. Treehouses are often built for children to play. They are a natural extension of children's love of climbing trees. Treehouses can also be a casual retreat or working space, especially if provided with electricity. In many parts of the world guests can rent a treehouse. They can also stay in a treehouse hotel. Sometimes they are built for protection against wild animals. In some parts of the tropics, houses are either fastened to trees or elevated on stilts. This is to keep the living quarters above the ground to protect occupants. A tree house can also be a place to store food from scavenging animals. The Korowai, a Papuan tribe in the southeast of Irian Jaya, live in tree houses. Some are nearly high (see image below). They are used as protection against a tribe of neighbouring head-hunters, the Citak. Tree houses are an option for building eco-friendly houses in remote forest areas. They do not require a clearing of a certain area of forest. Because they are elevated or built into forested areas, they are not desirable to some people.
Enter the Wu-Tang (36 Chambers) is the debut studio album by American hip-hop group Wu-Tang Clan released on November 9, 1993 by Loud Records. It was entirely produced by the group leader RZA. The album has been considered to be one of the greatest hip-hop album in history and Wu-Tang Clan's best work.
Michael Thomas Richter (born September 22, 1966) is an American retired professional ice hockey goaltender. He played parts of 14 years in the National Hockey League (NHL) all with the New York Rangers. He also played for the United States in international play and won a silver medal with them at the 2002 Winter Olympics. He was inducted into the United States Hockey Hall of Fame along with his former teammate Brian Leetch in 2008. Career. Before playing in the NHL, Richter played college hockey with the University of Wisconsin–Madison Badgers from 1985 until 1987. He also played 2 years in the International Hockey League (IHL) with the Colorado Rangers/Denver Rangers organization. He was drafted 28th overall by the New York Rangers in the 1985 NHL Entry Draft. On April 9, 1989, Richter made his NHL debut in Game 4 of the Division Semifinals against the Pittsburgh Penguins. The Rangers lost the game and were eliminated from the playoffs but Richter was chosen to be a regular member of the team. The next two seasons, he shared goaltending duties with John Vanbiesbrouck. When the Rangers traded Vanbiesbrouck to the Vancouver Canucks before the 1993–94 season, Richter became the Rangers starting goaltender. During his first year as the Rangers starter, he was able to record 42 wins and a 2.57 goals against average, as the Rangers won the Presidents' Trophy. Richter was also named the Most Valuable Player of the NHL All-Star Game that year. Richter helped the Rangers reach the Stanley Cup Finals against the Vancouver Canucks. During Game 4, Richter made a career highlight when he was able to stop a penalty shot by Pavel Bure. The Rangers were able to defeat the Canucks in Game 7 and win the Stanley Cup, their first since 1940. He helped the United States win the 1996 World Cup of Hockey and was named as the Most Valuable Player. Richter was able to record 300 regular season wins before he was forced to retire from playing professional ice hockey on September 3, 2003 because of a skull fracture and concussion. On February 4, 2004, the Rangers retired Richter's jersey #35.
Andrew Lewis (11 December 1970 – 4 May 2015), nicknamed "Six Heads", was a Guyanese professional boxer in the middleweight division. He was the WBA World Welterweight Champion. Lewis was born in Georgetown. He died in a motorcycle accident, aged 44.
Ryan McHenry (13 December 1987 – 2 May 2015) was a Scottish movie director. He was best known for the movie "Zombie Musical" in which he received a nomination for the Best Director at the 2011 British Academy Scotland New Talent Awards. He also created the popular "Ryan Gosling Won't Eat His Cereal" series on Vine. McHenry was born in Dumfries. He died from osteosarcoma (a type of bone cancer), in Dumfries, aged 27.
Norman Thaddeus Vane (July 7, 1928 – May 2, 2015) was an American screenwriter, producer, playwright and movie director. He served as writer for the 1968 movie "Mrs. Brown, You've Got a Lovely Daughter".  Later he was writer and associate producer of the movie "Lola". He wrote the screenplay for the 1972 movie, "". Vane went on to direct the 1983 movie, "Frightmare". Vane died on May 2, 2015 from heart failure in Hollywood, California at age 86.
Ste-Anne is a Catholic church building in the Lowertown neighbourhood of Ottawa, Canada. It was built in 1873 by architect J.P. LeCourt. It is built like churches in Quebec even though it is in Ontario. Ste-Anne is the home of St. Clement Parish, a bilingual parish community that celebrates the Mass and other sacraments in Latin using the 1962 Roman Missal. History. In the 1870s, the French Catholics in Ottawa were meeting at Notre-Dame Cathedral. This church was too small for them, so Bishop Joseph-Bruno Guigues decided to make a new church. The church was designed by J.P. LeCourt and built by Pierre Rocque. Bishop Guigues laid the cornerstone on May 4, 1873. In April 2009, part of the roof fell down. The church was closed for 18 months while the roof was fixed. When the church was opened again, not many people were meeting there anymore, so the Archdiocese of Ottawa closed it again. Archbishop Terrence Prendergast gave the church to St. Clement Parish, who started to meet there on June 3, 2012. Heritage Designation. Ste-Anne Catholic Church is an important building in the history of Ottawa. The province of Ontario lists it as a designated heritage property. The church has a plaque that describes the history of the church. Architecture. The building is plain and made of stone. It has a round rose window like churches used to have in the Middle Ages. It has a steeple with four bells.
Frederik "Frits" Bolkestein (; 4 April 1933 – 17 February 2025) was a Dutch politician of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD). He served as a Member of the House of Representatives from 16 January 1978, until 5 November 1982. Bolkestein died in Laren, Netherlands on 17 February 2025, at the age of 91.
Johannes Juliaan Gijsbert "Hans" Jansen (17 November 1942 - 5 May 2015) was a Dutch scholar of contemporary Islam and politician in the Netherlands. He was born in Amsterdam. Until his death he was a Member of the European Parliament for the political party Party for Freedom. Jansen died of a stroke at the age of 72.
Cara Carleton "Carly" Fiorina (née Sneed; born September 6, 1954) is an American businesswoman. Fiorina is known for being Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Hewlett-Packard (HP) and Chair of the philanthropic organization Good360. She ran for the Republican Party's nomination of President of the United States in 2016. In March 2016, Fiorina endorsed Ted Cruz for the nomination. On April 27, 2016, Cruz named Fiorina as his running mate. Cruz dropped out of the race on May 3. On December 19, 2016, after Trump's victory in the election, the Electoral College convened; Fiorina received one electoral vote for Vice President of the United States. As Chief Executive Officer of HP from 1999 to 2005, Fiorina was the first woman to lead a Top-20 company as ranked by "Fortune" Magazine. In 2002, Fiorina oversaw what was then the largest technology sector merger in history, in which HP acquired rival personal computer manufacturer, Compaq. The transaction made HP the world's largest seller of personal computers. HP subsequently laid off 30,000 U.S. employees in order to save 80,000 jobs. The company then grew to 150,000. In February 2005, she had to resign as CEO and Chair, following a boardroom disagreement. Early life. Fiorina was born in Austin, Texas. Her parents were Joseph Tyree Sneed, III and Madelon Montross. She studied at Stanford University, at the University of Maryland, and at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Fiorina was raised Episcopalian. Career. In 2002, Fiorina undertook the biggest high-tech merger in history with rival computer company Compaq, which made HP the world's largest personal computer manufacturer. Fiorina performed unpaid service on the Defense Business Board, which looked at staffing issues, among others, at The Pentagon. Fiorina spent two years leading the Central Intelligence Agency's External Advisory Board, from 2007 to
Austin St. John (born Jason Geiger; September 17, 1974) is an American EMT and former actor and martial artist. He is best known for his role as Jason Lee Scott, the original Red Ranger and first leader of the Power Rangers on the television series "Mighty Morphin Power Rangers". St. John holds a second-degree black belt in taekwondo, a first-degree black belt in judo, and is also a practitioner of kenpo. St. John has also worked as an emergency medical technician and firefighter in Washington, D.C. and on the East Coast. He graduated from Concordia University.
The Avon River is a perennial river in the West Gippsland area of Victoria, Australia. When rain falls on the south eastern slopes of the Great Dividing Range, the water flows down the river to form the Gippsland Lakes. Location and features. The Avon River begins on the south eastern slopes of Mount Wellington, part of the Great Dividing Range. The river to the south, then east, then south by southeast, before reaching its mouth to form Lake Wellington. The Avon has ten tributaries including the Turton River and the Perry River. The Latrobe River also flows into Lake Wellington. This lake empties into Bass Strait through the Mitchell River south of Lakes Entrance. The Avon River drops over its course. The upper parts of the river are inside the rugged, forested and largely inaccessible Avon Wilderness Park. The river then passes through hills covered in forest, and then through cleared farm land. Around Stratford the river is up to across, flowing through sand and pebble banks. Along the edge of the river is the Macallister Irrigation District. The water from this irrigation area flows into the river along Nuntin Creek which joins downstream of Stratford.  The Avon does not have any large dams, and its water is mostly unused. Nearby, the Latrobe and Thomson Rivers supply Melbourne's drinking water, Australia's largest pulp and paper mill, the power industry in the Latrobe Valley, and irrigation,  The Avon River was important to the indigenous Gunai/Kurnai people. At Knob Reserve, south of Stratford, is the Gunai/Kurnai "Bataluk Cultural Trail". This trail follows the paths used by the indigenous people of East Gippsland for 30,000 years. Names. In the Australian Aboriginal Brataualung language the river has two names, the first, Dooyeedang, has no known meaning. The second name, Kutbuntaura-wurk, means "fire carriers" and "wurk", meaning "land" or "country". The river was named the Avoca River by the explorer Thomas Mitchell. It was named the Avon by Angus McMillan in about 1840.