ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
In basketball, a flagrant foul is a serious personal foul. It is considered flagrant if it involves too much or too violent contact that can injure another player. A flagrant foul may or may not be intentional. In the NCAA, if intentional, a flagrant foul is called an "intentional foul". The NBA made a flagrant foul rule in the 1990s. It is intended to stop contact which puts a player's safety and health at risk. In the NBA, Flagrant 1 and Flagrant 2 are fouls. A player who commits a flagrant 2 foul must immediately leave the game.  Flagrant fouls can also be punished with fines.
Joey Don Essex (born 29 July 1990) is an English television personality and DJ for Sugar Hut, a nightclub in Brentwood, Essex. He rose to fame in 2011 after appearing in the ITV2 television series "The Only Way Is Essex". Essex and his sister Frankie left the show in 2013, although his cousin Chloe remains on it. In 2013, Essex took part in the first series of the celebrity diving show "Splash!" and the thirteenth series of "I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!", where he finished in fourth place. In 2015, he won the Channel 4 reality series "The Jump". Essex is at least an ex-social smoker. This picture was taken, and published on the Metro Website on 3rd November 2011.
Brooke Astor (born Roberta Brooke Russell; March 30, 1902 – August 13, 2007) was an American philanthropist, socialite and author. She was the chairwoman for the Vincent Astor Foundation. The VAF was founded by her third husband, Vincent Astor, son of RMS "Titanic" passenger John Jacob Astor IV. Brooke Astor wrote two novels. Astor was born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. She died in Briarcliff Manor, New York at age 105 from pneumonia.
Gerhard Mayer-Vorfelder (March 3, 1933 – August 17, 2015), often called "MV", was the Vice President of the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA). Prior to his UEFA career, Mayer-Vorfelder was a politician of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany. He served in the state cabinet of Baden-Württemberg from 1976 to 1998. He was later president of German soccer club VfB Stuttgart, and the German Football Association. He was born in Mannheim. He died in Stuttgart.
Hotter Than July is the nineteenth album by American recording artist Stevie Wonder. It was released on Motown's Tamla label on September 29, 1980. It was certified platinum, which means it sold more than 1,000,000 copies in the US. It reached number three on the US Billboard chart. This was Stevie Wonder's most successful album in the UK, where it reached number two on the sales charts, and produced four top ten singles. "Hotter Than July" was nominated for Favorite Soul/R&amp;B Album at the American Music Awards in 1982. Track listing. All songs written, produced and arranged by Stevie Wonder except where noted.
Geraldine Carroll (born 21 August 1968, Newmarket, England), best known as Dina Carroll, is a British singer. She is of Scottish and African American heritage. Carroll had a number of hit songs during the 1990s. She had two platinum albums. Early career. Carroll started singing at age of five, mainly at home with her sister. She did not have any formal training as a singer. In 1981, at the age of 13, she won a local talent competition. She sang Barbra Streisand's "Woman in Love". After leaving school, she worked in various jobs. This includes a one-day job as a maid in a Cambridge hotel in 1985. At the age of 16, she was signed to the London record label "StreetSounds". Carroll moved to West London and recorded two singles, "Set It Off" and "One Nation". Both were released in the mid-1980s. They were credited to a non-existent group, Masquerade. After six months she left StreetSounds. Her first album has sold more than 350,000 copies.
Khaled Mohamad al-Asaad (, January 1932 – 18 August 2015) was a Syrian archaeologist. He was the head of antiquities in the city of Palmyra for more than forty years. In May 2015, Palmyra came under the control of the terrorist militant group Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), and Asaad was amongst those captured during this time. He was executed on 18 August 2015.
Louis Stokes (February 23, 1925 – August 18, 2015) was an American attorney and politician. He was born in Cleveland, Ohio. He served 15 terms in the United States House of Representatives from 1969 through 1999. He was the first black congressman elected in the state of Ohio. Stokes died in Cleveland, Ohio from lung and brain cancer, aged 90.
La Ciudad del Dorado (Spanish for "The City of the Golden One"), otherwise referred to as simply El Dorado ("The Golden One"), is a mythical city in South America. A story of the same name first referred to a deity El Dorado was called after named "El Hombre Dorado" ("The Golden Man"), "El Rey Dorado" ("The Golden King") or "El Dorado" for short. Later, it was used for a city, and in the end, for a whole country. When the Spanish came to South America, they were greedy and tried to find El Dorado. Legend. According to the legend, the new king had to sacrifice things to the sun god. This happened at Lake Guatavita, a small lake near modern-day Bogotá. At night, fires were lit, and the naked torsos of the noblemen were covered in a paste made of gold dust. With the noblemen, the ruler used a raft to navigate to the middle of the lake. There, they sacrificed the valuables, made of gold or precious stones. The king then jumped into the lake, and the gold paste, as well as the other sacrifices went to the bottom of the lake.
Lester Lawrence Lessig III (born June 3, 1961) is an American academic and political activist. He is known for his work in reducing legal restrictions on copyright, trademark and radio frequency, and helped create the free culture movement. He has been an activist against the Second Amendment and created the Second Constitutional Convention. Early life. Lessig was born in Rapid City, South Dakota, the son of Patricia, who sold real estate, and Lester L. "Jack" Lessig, an engineer. He grew up in Williamsport, Pennsylvania. He studied at the Wharton School, at Trinity College, Cambridge, and at Yale University. For a year, he worked as a clerk in Chicago. Career. Academic. Lessig started his academic career at the University of Chicago Law School, where he was Professor from 1991 to 1997. From 1997 to 2000, he was at Harvard Law School, holding for a year the chair of Berkman Professor of Law, affiliated with the Berkman Center for Internet &amp; Society. He subsequently joined Stanford Law School, where he established the school's Center for Internet and Society. Lessig returned to Harvard in December 2008 as Professor and Director of the Edmond J. Safra Center for Ethics. In 2013, Lessig was appointed as the Roy L. Furman Professor of Law and Leadership; his chair lecture was titled "Aaron's Laws: Law and Justice in a Digital Age." In 2013, Lessig was also awarded an honorary doctorate by the Faculty of Social Sciences at Lund University, Sweden. Political activism. Lessig is currently considered politically liberal. As a law clerk, however, he worked for both Judge Richard Posner and Justice Antonin Scalia, two influential conservative judges. Lessig has emphasized in interviews that his philosophy experience at Cambridge radically changed his values and career path. Previously, he had held strong conservative or libertarian political views. 2016 presidential campaign. In August 2015, Lessig announced that he was exploring a possible candidacy for President of the United States in the 2016 election. On September 6, 2015, Lessig announced that he would run for
A scam is a kind of fraud. It works by first gaining the trust of the victims, and then either asking them for money, or other things, or asking them to commit fraud. For this reason, scams are also known as confidence tricks. Researchers have defined confidence tricks as "a distinctive species of fraudulent conduct ... intending to further voluntary exchanges that are not mutually beneficial", as they "benefit con operators ('con men') at the expense of their victims (the 'marks')". History. The shell game dates back at least to Ancient Greece. William Thompson (1821–1856) was the original "confidence man". Thompson was a clumsy swindler who asked his victims to express confidence in him by giving him money or their watch rather than gaining their confidence in a more nuanced way. A few people trusted Thompson with their money and watches. Thompson was arrested in July 1849. Reporting about this arrest, James Houston, a reporter for the "New York Herald", publicized Thompson by naming him the "Confidence Man". Although Thompson was an unsuccessful scammer, he gained the reputation as a genius operator mostly because Houston's satirical tone was not understood as such. The "National Police Gazette" coined the term "confidence game" a few weeks after Houston first used the name "confidence man". Stages. In "Confessions of a Confidence Man", Edward H. Smith lists the "six definite steps or stages of growth" of a confidence game. He notes that some steps may be omitted. It is also possible some can be done in a different order than the one shown or carried out simultaneously.  The game must be prepared. This includes hiring of any assistants required and studying the background knowledge needed for the role.  The victim is approached or contacted.  The victim is given an opportunity to profit from participating in a scheme. The victim's greed is encouraged, such that their rational judgment of the situation might be impaired.  The victim receives a small payout as a demonstration of the scheme's purported effectiveness. This may be a real amount of money or faked in some way (including physically or electronically). In a gambling con, the victim is allowed to win several small bets. In a stock
Korumburra is a town in the Australian state of Victoria. It is south-east of Melbourne. The town is above the sea level. In 2006 there were 4465 people living in Korumburra. History. The word "Korumburra" is believed to be an Aboriginal word meaning "maggot".  The first European settlers began farming cattle in the area in 1846. In 1878 coal was discovered at what was called Coal Creek. Farmers began to create small farms in the area. In 1887 the town was planned to be along the railway line which would go to the coal mine. The first Post Office in the area opened on 1 September 1884. The railway arrived in 1891. The first school opened in 1897. The Town today. Korumburra is the home of Coal Creek Community Park and Museum. This museum shows life in the area from the 1870s to 1920s, as the town rapidly expanded following the discovery coal. The outdoor museum covers of bushland, including 60 exhibits. These include the Giant Earthworm, National Bank, Anzac exhibit, mining exhibits, dairy exhibit at the Boston Carriageworks and Railway Museum. The Park is free entry and open Thursdays to Mondays, and seven days a week during school holidays. A tramway runs on weekends around the lower end of the park with an old-time farm and bush oval. Many local organisations use the Park and environs and special events are held during the year. There is an Olympic swimming pool (open November–March), basketball stadium, art gallery, the South Gippsland tourist railway. The towns main industries include dairy and beef. The region is home to the world's largest earthworms. The town is also home to Burra foods which is a dairy company. The town has an Australian Rules football team competing in the Alberton Football League. The town has a soccer team competing in the South Gippsland Soccer League under the name Korumburra City. Golfers play at the course of the Korumburra Golf Club on Warragul Road. In DC
Sagarmatha () was one of the fourteen zones in Nepal. It included mountain districts of the Himalayas (including Mount Everest) in the north, hill districts in the center, and valley districts of the Terai in the south. The total area of Sagarmatha Zone was 10,591 sq. km and the population of 2,054,326. It was bordered by China to the north, India to the south, the Koshi Zone to the east and the Janakpur Zone to the west. The main city of the Sagarmatha Zone was Rajbiraj which is also the headquarters. Sagarmatha was divided into six districts:
Janakpur ( ), was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal, reaching from the Indian border in the south to the Tibetan border in the north and Sagarmatha Zone in the east and Bagmati and Naryani Zones in the west. The headquarters of Janakpur Zone and its main city was Janakpur. It is a historic city of Hinduism. The city was believed to be the capital city of King Janak, the father in law of Lord Rama, the son of the then king of Ayodhya, Dasharatha. The name of this zone is related to the historic King Janak and his capital Janakpur.  Other cities within Janakpur Zone were Kamalamai (in Inner Terai) and Bhimeshwor and Bardibas, Dhalkebar, Jaleshwor, Malangwa, Gaushala Bazar and Matihani (Outer Terai). Districts. Janakpur was divided into six districts. They are :-
Bagmati ( "Bāgmatī Añcal"), was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal. It is named after the Bagmati River. Bagmati was in the Central Development Region of Nepal. The zone contained the Kathmandu Valley. The capital was Kathmandu. In 2011 the total population was 3,843,596.  Limestone, talc, zinc, lead and silver are mined and exported from Bagmati. Brown, white and pink marble are also exported. The hill districts around Kathmandu are notorious for human trafficking in young girls. The girls are taken to India where they are sold to brothels. Bagmati was divided into eight districts:
Point Grey Secondary School is a public secondary school in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It was built in 1929. It was designed in the Collegiate Gothic style by Townley &amp; Matheson. It is on Heritage Vancouver Society’s Top 10 most-endangered sites list for 2015. The school is at risk of being damaged by an earthquake. The Fraser Institute gives the school a ranking of 52 out of 289 schools for 2013–2104.
Santa Clarita, officially the City of Santa Clarita, is the third largest city in Los Angeles County, California. It is the 17th largest city in the state of California. The city has annexed unincorporated areas, which has made the population higher. Santa Clarita is about 35 miles (56 km) northwest of downtown Los Angeles. It takes up most of Santa Clarita Valley. It is a good example of a U.S. edge city or boomburb. Santa Clarita was ranked by "Money" magazine in 2006 as 18th of the top 100 places to live. There are four smaller communities in Santa Clarita. They are called Valencia, Saugus, Newhall, and Canyon Country. Santa Clarita is well known for the amusement park Six Flags Magic Mountain as well as the TV program Santa Clarita Diet. History. Santa Clarita became a city in December 1987, but its history stretches back many hundreds of years. In the year 450, a group of Native Americans called the Tataviam arrived in the valley, and as many as 2,000 lived there at their height. In 1842, Francisco Lopez found gold in the area. It was the first recorded gold in the state. It is marked in an area called Placerita Canyon, which was also the original "back lot" area for Hollywood movie makers. The town of Newhall is named after Henry Mayo Newhall, a businessman who became rich during the California Gold Rush. At first, he founded H.M. Newhall &amp; Company, an auction house in San Francisco. Then, he got into the railroad business. He put money into companies that would join San Francisco to other cities and was in charge of the San Francisco and San Jose Railroad. He sold the business to the Southern Pacific Railroad in 1870, and was one of the people in charge of it. After railroads, Newhall started focusing on real estate and ranching. He bought 143,000 acres of land between Los Angeles and Monterey counties. The largest piece of land was the 46,460 acres of land in northern
Mission Hills is an urban residential community of the San Fernando Valley, within the city of Los Angeles, California. It is near the northern junction of the Golden State Freeway (I-5) and the San Diego Freeway (I-405). The Ronald Reagan Freeway (SR-118) runs through it. Mission Hills is at the northern end of the long Sepulveda Boulevard. Other main roads are San Fernando Mission Boulevard, Woodman Avenue, and Rinaldi, Brand, Chatsworth, Devonshire, and Lassen Streets. The boundaries are roughly Sepulveda Blvd and Interstate 405 to the west, Interstate 5 to the north and east, Van Nuys Boulevard to the southeast, and Lassen Street to the south. The Granada Hills community lies to the west, Sylmar to the north, the city of San Fernando to the northeast, Pacoima to the east, Arleta to the southeast, and Panorama City to the south. The community is named for the nearby Spanish Mission San Fernando Rey de España of 1784. The Andrés Pico Adobe, the second oldest residence still standing in Los Angeles, is there. The San Fernando Mission Cemetery, located a short distance away, is one of the oldest active cemeteries within the San Fernando Valley.
Lev Konstantinovich Durov (, 23 December 1931 – 20 August 2015) was a Soviet-born Russian theatre and movie actor. He was born in Moscow. He began acting since 1955. He was a People's Artist of USSR. Durov died on 20 August 2015 at the age of 83.
Joseph G. Hakobyan (born 28 August 1931) is a Russian scientist. He is an expert on missiles development. He was the Deputy General of the Moscow Research Institute.  Hakobyan was born in Saratov, Russia.
LGBT people living in Afghanistan face legal and social challenges. Being a homosexual, or cross-dressing (wearing clothes usually worn by the opposite gender), are serious crimes in Afghan culture. The punishment for homosexuality has been death penalty since 2021 when the Taliban overthrew the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan and brought back the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan. In rural parts of the country, local villagers take the law into their own hands and punish people. Homosexual practices with boys. Even though both society and law try to stop homosexual activities, there is a form of bisexuality (sexual attraction to both sexes) within mainstream Afghan culture. Boys are kidnapped to act as sexual slaves for adult men. This often happens in a military where there is no access to women. It also happens when an adult man gives money or gifts to young boys in return for sexual activity. These acts are accepted because they are not seen as being an act of LGBT identity, but rather an act of male power and dominance. The boys are forced to be the "female" partner in the relationship. The boys involved are called "Bacha bazi" in Dari and there are many them in the big cities of Afghanistan. A law has been passed to stop Afghan male soldiers from having the boys they sexually abuse to live with them. Military members generally do not have access to women, and often boys are kidnapped to be humiliated and raped by adult men. Other boys become prostitutes for adult men, regardless of their sexual orientation. In 2007, reports stated that the practice of "bacha bareesh" (beardless boys) is still prevalent in parts of northern Afghanistan. This practice involves teenage boys being dressed in women's clothing and made to participate in dance competitions and engage in sexual acts. Homosexuality is often associated with both sexual abuse and prostitution, a popular misconception that affects the laws made in the country.
Wang Dongxing (1 January 1916 – 21 August 2015) was a Chinese communist politician. He served as Vice Chairman of the Communist Party of China from 1977 to 1980. He was born in Yiyang County, Jiangxi. Wang died on 21 August 2015 in Beijing, aged 99.
Harry Volkman (April 18, 1926 – August 20, 2015) was an American meteorologist. He was the first weatherman to issue a tornado warning. He retired in 2004. He was born in Medford, Massachusetts. He won three Emmy Awards. Volkman died from respiratory failure in Des Plaines, Illinois, aged 89.
Airbourne are an Australian hard rock band from Warrnambool, Victoria, Australia. Original members are Joel O'Keeffe, Ryan O'Keeffe, David Roads and Adam Jacobson, but Adam leaves the band in 2004 and was replaced by Justin Street. In 2004, the band release their first EP, called "Ready to Rock". Their first studio album was released in 2007 and is called "Runnin' Wild". This album have three singles: "Runnin' Wild", "Too Much, Too Young, Too Fast" and "Diamond in the Rough". In 2010, the band released their second studio album, called "No Guts. No Glory". The third studio album is called "Black Dog Barking" and was released in 2013. History. Formation and "Ready to Rock" (2001–2006). Airbourne formed as a hard rock band in late 2001 in the Victorian country town of Warrnambool by Joel O'Keeffe (born c. 1985) and his younger brother Ryan (born c. 1986). Joel had played guitar since the age of 11 and Ryan got his first drum kit four years later also at the age of 11. Joel met David Roads (born c. 1983) when the two worked at the Hotel Warrnambool. The pair brought their guitars to work and, after their shifts, jammed on song ideas, Roads was asked to join the O'Keeffe brothers on rhythm guitar for rehearsals at their house. By late 2003, Adam Jacobson had joined on bass guitar, the group was named Airbourne and played regular gigs at the local Criterion Hotel. In March 2004 the four-piece won a statewide band competition, Push-On, in Melbourne. Their early material was influenced by Australian rock bands AC/DC, The Angels, Billy Thorpe and Rose Tattoo. They recorded an eight-track extended play, "Ready to Rock", which appeared in July 2004 as an independent self-funded release. By that time Jacobson was replaced by Justin Street (born c. 1986) on bass guitar
Love? is the seventh studio album by American singer and entertainer Jennifer Lopez. It was released on April 29, 2011 by Island Records. It was the only album that Lopez released on that label. This was Lopez' third consecutive album to have all singles reach number one on the "Billboard" Hot Dance Club Songs. That made eleven number ones for her. Lopez also worked with many entertainers including Pitbull, Lil Wayne, Lady Gaga, and The-Dream. The album's first single was "On the Floor". Pitbull sings on it. The song reached number three on the "Billboard" Hot 100. It reached number one on more than eighteen international charts. Certifications. !scope="row"|Middle East (IFPI)
A.K.A. is the eighth studio album by American singer and entertainer Jennifer Lopez. It was released June 13, 2014 by Capitol Records. It features guest appearances from a wide range of rappers such as Nas, Iggy Azalea, French Montana, T.I. and Rick Ross. The album returns Lopez to her hip hop and R&amp;B roots.