ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
The Darfur conflict is an ongoing military conflict in the Darfur region of Sudan, the third largest country in Africa. It is a conflict along ethnic and tribal lines that began in 2003. Many people and the United States Government, consider it to be a genocide. The United Nations currently does not see this as genocide. Those involved in the conflict. One side of the conflict is composed mainly of the Janjaweed, a militia group recruited from the Arab tribes who move from place to place herding camels. The Sudanese government tells the public that it does not support the Janjaweed. However, it has provided cash and assistance and has even participated in joint attacks. The other side of the conflict is made up of a number of rebel armies, including the Sudan Liberation Movement and the Justice and Equality Movement. These armies are recruited from Black ethnic groups who make a living farming the land. How the conflict is dealt with. The African Union sent a 7,000-troop peacekeeping force to Sudan. However, this force was poorly funded and under-equipped. So the United Nations decided to send an additional 17,300-troop peacekeeping force to help them. Sudan was strongly against this decision and saw the UN forces as foreign invaders. The next day, the Sudanese military launched a major offensive in the region. The Sudanese government may have suppressed information about the conflict. Some witnesses have been jailed, others may have been killed. This started in 2004. Also, some evidence, such as mass graves was tampered with, so that it became unusable. Some people say this was done by forces which are close to the Sudanese government. In addition, by obstructing and arresting journalists, the Sudanese government has been able to obscure much of what has gone on. The United States government has described it as genocide. The UN has declined to do so. In March 2007 the UN mission accused Sudan's government of "gross violations" in Darfur and called for urgent international action to protect civilians there. Effect of the conflict. There are different estimates of how many died in the conflict. According to Sudan's government, 9,000 people have been killed.
AIESEC (said like "Eye Seck"), is a big student organisation that was started in 1948. It was made to fix problems between countries and create peace after World War II. It has spread all over the world since it started. There are many members in about 125 countries. AIESEC is an organisation that helps its members to develop themselves as leaders. It also has an exchange program for students and university graduates to intern or volunteer in other countries. Most members are students at university but some are paid to work for AIESEC. The organisation is presented in 125 countries and territories in the world. The headquarters of AIESEC are in Rotterdam. Members say that AIESEC does a lot of good in the world through the exchange by helping people from different countries to share information about their culture. For over 60 years of working AIESEC's main impact had been its alumni all over the world. These alumni become successful business leaders, politicians, and NGO directors. The approximate number of alumni 1 million.
In cell biology, an organelle is a part of a cell that does a specific job. Organelles usually have a plasma membrane around them. Most of the cell's organelles are in the cytoplasm. The name "organelle" comes from the idea that these Structures are to cells what an organ is to the body. There are many types of organelles in eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotes were once thought not to have organelles, but some examples have now been found. They are not organized like eukaryote organelles, and are not bounded by plasma membranes. They are called bacterial microcompartments. Scope of the term. The term is now widely used to refer to cell structures surrounded by single or double plasma membranes. However, the older definition of a 'subcellular functional unit' still exists. So, the term is sometimes used for structures which are not membrane-bound. The plasma membrane is a lipid bilayer with some proteins embedded in it. It keeps the ions and molecules of the organelle from merging with the surroundings. Origin of organelles. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have double-membranes and their DNA. These are believed to come from incompletely digested or invading prokaryotes, which were adopted as a part of the invaded cell. This idea is supported in the endosymbiotic theory. Prokaryotic organelles. Prokaryotes are not so complex as eukaryotes. They were once thought to have no internal structures inside the lipid membranes. However, recent research has shown that at least some prokaryotes have microcompartments such as carboxysomes. These subcellular compartments are 100–200 nm in diameter and are enclosed by a shell of proteins. Even more striking is the description of membrane-bound magnetosomes in bacteria. as well as the nucleus-like structures of the "Planctomycetes" that are surrounded by lipid membranes.
That '70s Show is an American television series. It is about the lives of a group of teenagers living in Point Place, Wisconsin from May 17, 1976 to December 31, 1979. The series first started August 23, 1998 and its final episode aired May 18, 2006. The series continues to run in syndication on FX and the CW network in the United States and United Kingdom, CH in Canada, as well as the Seven Network in Australia and Star World in Asia, including Malaysia. It also runs on The NTV for teens.
Satguru Sivaya Subramuniyaswami (January 5, 1927 – 2001), known as Gurudeva by his followers, was a Hindu leader and author. He was born in Oakland, California. He made a Hindu monastery in Kauai, Hawaii and founded the magazine "Hinduism Today". Subramuniyaswami was an author of many books on Hinduism and metaphysics. He was one of the most traditional and well known people of Hinduism during the last two decades of the 20th century. He was one of Saivism's most revered Gurus, the founder and leader of the world's first Hindu church ("Saiva Siddhanta Church"). Books. Subramuniyaswami has written several books on Hinduism, Saivism, yoga and meditation. His works are highly regarded by many of today's Hindu leaders. Subramuniyaswami's largest work, "Master Course", is a complete essay on all parts of Hinduism (Saivism), including the Hindu approach to meditation and metaphysics. It is in three books and more than 3,000 pages. The work is written in a flowing version of written English that is similar to the spoken language as well as ancient Hindu oral traditions.
The prime minister of New Zealand is New Zealand's head of government. This job is given to the leader of the party or coalition with the most support in the Parliament of New Zealand. Since 2023, the prime minister has been Christopher Luxon of the National Party. He became Prime Minister after his party won the 2023 New Zealand general election Responsibilities and powers. The power of the presidency has grown substantially since the office's establishment in 1789. While presidential power has ebbed and flowed over time, the presidency has played an increasingly strong role in American political life since the beginning of the 20th century, with a notable expansion during the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt. In contemporary times, the president is also looked upon as one of the world's most powerful political figures as the leader of the only remaining global superpower. As the leader of the nation with the largest economy by nominal GDP, the president possesses significant domestic and international hard and soft power. The prime minister holds the most senior post in the New Zealand Parliament. The prime minister is not able to give direct orders to other people in their party. The prime minister can call for an election by asking the Governor-General to close Parliament Living former prime ministers. As of , there are seven living former New Zealand prime ministers, as seen below. The most recent prime minister to die was Mike Moore (served 1990), on 2 February 2020, aged 71.
"The Masque of the Red Death" is a short story by Edgar Allan Poe. It was first published in May 1842 in "Graham's Lady's and Gentleman's Magazine". Plot. A painful and fatal disease involving blood aka kinbni  am and finds him lying dead. His courtiers try to unmask the figure..only to find nothingness! Only then do they realize the figure is the Red Death itself, and all of the guests contract and succumb to the disease. With the last of them die the clock and the flames illuminating the scarlet window both die out at the same time. "And Darkness and Decay and the Red Death held illimitable dominion over all". done!
Darfur (Arabic دار فور, meaning "home of the Fur") is a region of far western Sudan. It borders the Central African Republic, Libya, and Chad. It is divided into three federal states within Sudan: Gharb Darfur (West Darfur), Janub Darfur (South Darfur), and Shamal Darfur (North Darfur). Since 2003 there has been an ongoing humanitarian crisis that developed from the conflict between Janjaweed militias and the Sudan Liberation Movement and Justice and Equality Movement. Geography and climate. Darfur covers an area of about 493 180 km² (196,555 miles²)—just over two-thirds the size of France and more than half the size of Kenya. It is largely an arid plateau with the "Marrah Mountains" (Jebel Marra), a range of volcanic peaks rising up to 3000 m (10,100 ft), in the center. The region's main towns are Al Fashir, Nyala, and Geneina. There are four main features of the physical geography. The whole eastern half of Darfur is covered with plains and low hills of sandy soils, known as "goz", and sandstone hills. In many places the "goz" is waterless and can only be inhabited where there are water reservoirs or deep boreholes. To the north the "goz" is overtaken by the desert sands of the Sahara. A second feature are the "wadis", seasonal watercourses ranging from small rivulets that flood only occasionally during the wet season to large "wadis" that flood for most of the rains and flow from western Darfur hundreds of miles west to Lake Chad. Many "wadis" have pans of alluvium with rich soil that are also difficult to cultivate. The west of Darfur is dominated by the third feature, basement rock, sometimes covered with a thin layer of sandy soil. Basement rock is too infertile to be farmed, but provides some forest cover that can be grazed by animals. The fourth and final feature is the Marrah Mountains, that rise up to a peak at Deriba crater where there
For other uses see "Mill (disambiguation)" A grinding mill is a tool that is designed to break a solid material into smaller pieces. There are many different types of grinding mills and many types of materials processed in them.  Small mills can be powered by hand, such as a mortar and pestle or a pepper grinder. Large grinding mills were usually powered by working animals, wind (windmill) or water (watermill) in the past. In the 2000s, most large grinding mills are powered by electricity. Types of grinding mills. Mortar and pestle. People who need to grind a small amount of a food, such as spices or grain, for their own cooking often use a hand-powered mortar and pestle or a hand-powered grinder, such as a pepper grinder. In the 2000s, many people also used electric-powered grinding mills. These kitchen appliances have a metal blade that grinds the food into small pieces. Electric-powered grinding mills are often used for grinding nuts or coffee. Grain mills. For thousands of years, humans have ground their grains (such as wheat or corn) into flour using grain mills powered by animals (such as oxen or horses), wind (windmills) or by running water from a stream or river (watermill). In the 2000s, most grain mills are powered by electricity.  Mechanical process. After grinding the state of the solid is changed: the grain size, and the grain shape. Also, there may be more or less crushing. For process engineering, several things are important: increasing the surface area of the solid; making the solid have wanted grain size; and pulping the material to the desired state (squishing it).
A windmill is a type of working engine. It converts the wind's energy into rotational energy. To do this it uses vanes called sails or blades. The energy made by windmills can be used in many ways. These include grinding grain or spices, pumping water and sawing wood. Modern wind power machines are used to create electricity. These are called wind turbines by engineers or wind mills by the average person. Before modern times, windmills were most commonly used to grind grain into flour for making bread. The windmill has been in history for many years. History. An organ powered by a "windwheel" was written about in the 2nd century AD by the Greek engineer Hero. It could have been the first machine in history that used wind power. Vertical axle windmills were used in eastern Persia (Sistar) by 60 AD. Horizontal axle windmills were invented in Northwestern Europe in the 1180s. This is the type often used today. Early history. The first windmills had long vertical shafts with rectangle shaped blades. They existed in Persia in the 9th century. There is a story about a windmill and the second caliph Umar (634\644 AD). It is not known if this is a true story. These windmills were made of six to twelve sails. The sails were covered in reed matting or cloth. They were very different from European versions. A similar type of vertical shaft windmill with rectangle blades can also be found in 13th century China. They were used for irrigation. How they work. The blades or sails of the windmill are turned by the wind. Gears and cogs makes the drive shaft inside the windmill turn. In a windmill used for making flour, this turns the grinding stones. As the stones turn, they crush the wheat (or other grain) between them. In a windmill used for pumping water, turning the drive shaft moves a piston. The piston can suck up and push out water as it moves up and down. In a windmill used for generating power, the drive shaft is connected to many gears. This increases the speed and is used to
A windmill is an engine powered by the wind to produce energy, often contained in a large building as in traditional post mills, smock mills and tower mills.  Windmill may also refer to:
Blood transfusion is a medical term. It means a procedure used to transfer blood (or some products based on blood) from the circulatory system of one human to that of another human. Uses. Blood transfusions can save the life of a person, if that person has lost a lot of blood. A person can lose blood from an injury, a trauma or from a medical operation. Blood transfusions can also be applied as a treatment to certain diseases of the blood (like Anaemia, for example). Blood is not collected and used immediately. Instead it is kept until it is needed. The storage area is informally called a blood bank. By adding anticoagulant to keep the blood from clotting and refrigerating the blood, it is possible to store it for a few days. Information about transfusion and donation is available at the National Institutes of Health website . Problems. Not all people are able to donate blood to all other people. Testing for blood types usually prevents any bad reaction to a blood transfusion. However, there are special problems for anyone with rare blood groups. It is very important, in order to avoid any complications during a blood transfusion, to detect individuals with rare blood types. The usual tests for ABO blood group system would show them as group O. It may not be possible to give a blood transfusion at all unless the repository has supply of blood which will not cause a reaction.
Delirium is a medical term. The condition is also known as acute confusional state. But, this term is not frequently used anymore, because this term can have many different meanings. Doctors use it to describe patients who have lost parts or all of their ability to focus attention. People who suffer from it may also have problems to concentrate, or to remember things or other people. Delirium is a medical symptom. It is not a disease. Delirium is also considered a type of confusion, but a more severe one, than simple weaker confusion. Delirium can be caused by many things, like anticholinergic medications, too much alcohol, and benzodiazepine medications. Delirium can be confused with other mental conditions like Schizophrenia, Dementia and Psychosis, because all of these conditions have symptoms similar to Delirium.  Symptoms. - Confused thinking - Not being aware of the surroundings - Trouble focusing on a topic or changing topics - Getting stuck on an idea rather than responding to questions - Being easily distracted - Not knowing where they are or who they are - Trouble with speech or recalling words - Rambling or nonsense speech - Trouble reading or writing - Quick changes in mood - Seeing things that others don't see - Slowed movement or being sluggish - Personality changes Causes. A delirium can have many causes. The most common ones include: Definition. There are several definitions of what constitutes a delirium, but in general, the following is true: Treatment. Deliria are often treated with special drugs, called antipsychotics. These medications can help people feel better with their Delirium. Benzodiazepines are the most commonly used medications for alcohol withdrawal and DTs. They help calm excited nervous system. Treatment also need intravenous fluids with vitamins and minerals to treat dehydration or bring your electrolytes back into balance. Delirium are always a medical emergency, because it is impossible to predict how they develop. Worst-case scenarios include cardiac arrest, and malfunctions of the metabolism. In order to be able to treat a delirium, its cause must usually be found. In the case of alcoholism, the most common cause for a delirium is the withdrawal of alcohol. This condition is known as Delirium tremens.
Jaundice (also called icterus) is when the skin and the whites of the eyes become a yellow color. People with jaundice have a problem with their liver, which stops it from removing heme properly. Heme (from hemoglobin) changes to a chemical called bilirubin after red blood cell death. Bilirubin causes the yellow coloring of the skin. Jaundice is common in newly born babies. It usually starts the second day after birth. Jaundice can also be caused by other diseases, like malaria, hepatitis, or gallstones. Jaundice is the most common of all liver problems. The yellow colour of the skin and mucous membranes happens because of an increase in the bile pigment, bilirubin, in the blood. The bile, made by the liver, is a vital digestive fluid needed for proper nutrition. It also stops decaying changes in food. If the bile is stopped from entering the intestines there is an increase in gases and other products. Normally, the production of bile and its flow is constant. Types of Jaundice. There are three types of jaundice: Yellow discoloration of the skin and the whites of the eyes happens in all types of jaundice. Symptoms. The symptoms of jaundice are: Causes. Jaundice is a sign that the liver is not working. It may be caused by a blockage of the bile ducts which release bile salts and pigment into the intestines. The bile then gets mixed with blood and this gives a yellow colour to the skin. The blockage of the bile ducts could be caused by: Other causes of jaundice are pernicious anaemia and diseases affecting the liver such as typhoid, malaria, yellow fever and tuberculosis.
Hildegard of Bingen (born Bemersheim nr. Alzey in about 1098; died 17 September 1179) was a German writer, composer and mystic. She was an abbess who is well known for her literary works and her songs. She also wrote about medical and scientific things, and wrote letters to many important politicians. Hildegard was born into a noble family. Her parents sent her to a monastery because she was the tenth child of the family. She took the veil (became a nun) at the age of 15. By the time she was 38 she had the title of “mother superior”. She founded (started) a monastery on the Rupertsberg in the Rhine valley near Bingen. Later she founded a daughter house on the other side of the river near Rüdesheim. She travelled a lot and talked to many important people. She later had the title of “abbess”. After she died several popes suggested she should be made a saint, but this never happened. She does, though, have a feast day on September 17, which is celebrated in some parts of Germany. Known as the "Sybil of the Rhine", Hildegard had many visions, many of which she wrote down.They were mostly about God and his relationship with humans, the church, redemption from God, and creation. She wrote lyrical poetry which was very colourful and had lots of visionary ideas. Her music does not use plainchant like the music of many other medieval composers at the time. It mostly has small patterns of melody which are repeated many times in slightly different ways. Her music was also different because the chants she wrote were written for female voices, in a higher range than earlier chants. This made them easier for women's voices. She wrote a morality play in verse with 82 melodies. Hildegard of Bingen is the first composer whose life we know about. She may possibly be the first woman to write about female sexuality and sex
Alternative medicine describes practices used instead of normal medical treatments. Some patients seek these practices along with normal medicine. When the patient's medical doctor works with an alternative medicine therapist, this is called "complementary medicine." Alternative medicine includes practices that incorporate spiritual, metaphysical, or religious belief; non-evidence-based practices, non-European medical traditions, or newly developed approaches to healing. Examples include acupuncture, chiropractic and homeopathy. Alternative medicine does not prevent or cure any disease. The opposite of alternative medicine are medical diagnoses and treatments that are proven to work. This is called evidence-based or conventional medicine.
Divaldo Pereira Franco or simply, Divaldo Franco is a Brazilian medium, born in Feira de Santana, Bahia, on May 5th, 1927. He has been, for almost 60 years, an important spiritual speaker and writer, having devoted more than 50 years to spirituality and more than 40 years dedicated taking care of the street children of Salvador, Bahia. On 15 August 1952, he founded (along with Nilson de Souza Pereira), the "House of Assistance" (Mansão do Caminho), responsible for the orientation and education of over 33,000 devoid children and adolescents. The First Years. Divaldo graduated from the Escola Normal Rural de Feira de Santana, where he received his Primary School Professor diploma in 1943. Since his infancy, he claimed to be able to communicate with spirits. When he was young, he was traumatized by the death of his two older brothers, so much so that he became sick. He was taken to several Medical specialists, none of them could give a satisfactory diagnosis. After this, he met Dr. Ana Ribeiro Borges, who persuaded him to take up the spiritist doctrine. During his period of convalescence, he dedicated himself to the study of spiritism. After the body health be restored, he continued studying the spiritism.