ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Pig iron is iron with a high carbon content. Pig iron is made by smelting iron ore into ingot form, in a blast furnace. It’s called pig iron because when being cast, each ingot being cast looks like a Piglet suckling milk from a sow. History. Ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Chinese knew about pig iron, and were producing it as early as 1100 BC. Uses. Pig iron is refined into Wrought iron by melting it and blowing hot air through it. Pig iron can also be turned into gray iron. Modern Uses. Originally, pig iron was poured out the bottom of the furnace and shipped to a steel mill for processing. Now, we turn the metal into pellets before shipping it.
Charles Reis Felix (April 29, 1923 – January 25, 2017) was an America writer and teacher. He was known as a contributor to Luso-American literature. His work were mainly autobiography, historical narrative and fiction about the human experience. His first book, "Crossing the Sauer", was an account of his three months as a combat infantryman from January through March 1945. "Crossing the Sauer" was called by Paul Fussell as "one of the most honest, unforgettable memoirs of the war I've read."
Naděžda Kavalírová (13 November 1923 – 20 January 2017) was a Czechoslovakian-born Czech physician, human rights activist and former political prisoner.  She became actively involved in the resistance to Czechoslovakia's Communist government. She later headed the Confederation of Political Prisoners ("Konfederace politických vězňů České republiky") from 2003 until her death in January 2017. Kavalírová died in Pardubice, Czech Republic, on 20 January 2017, at the age of 93.
Đinh Xuân Lâm (4 February 1925 – 25 January 2017) was a Vietnamese historian. He was known for having to helped build the Department of Recent History and of Modern Vietnam. He served as vice president of the Vietnam History Science and Chairman of the Scientific Council Center for Information and Documentation UNESCO. He was promoted to Associate Professor in 1980 and Professor in 1984, branches of history.
Arnold Meyer Spielberg (February 6, 1917 – August 25, 2020) was an American electrical engineer of Jewish descent. He was known for his help "to real-time data acquisition and recording that significantly contributed to the definition of modern feedback and control processes". For General Electric he designed, with his colleague Charles Propster, the GE-225 in 1959. He said that his greatest contribution was to be the first computer-controlled "point of sale" cash register. He was the father of movie director Steven Spielberg. Spielberg died on August 25, 2020 at his home in Los Angeles, aged 103.
Eni Fa'aua'a Hunkin Faleomavaega, Jr. (; August 15, 1943 – February 22, 2017) was an American Samoan politician. He served as the territory's lieutenant governor and congressional delegate. He served as a U.S. House Representative from American Samoa's At-large congressional district from 1989 through 2015. Faleomavaega died at his home in Provo, Utah on February 22, 2017, aged 73.
Bradley Earl Ayers (March 7, 1935 – February 10, 2017) was an American soldier, CIA operative, writer and political activist. He was known for saying that the CIA played a role in the Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy. Ayers was one of the first career officers to voice opposition to the Vietnam War and to speak out publicly against it. He was born in St. Paul, Minnesota.  Ayers died in Somers Lake, Wisconsin on February 10, 2017, aged 81.
Harold Boyd Woodruff (July 22, 1917 – January 19, 2017) was an American soil microbiologist. He was a member of the National Academy of Sciences. He was known for the discovery of actinomycin, and the development of the industrial production by fermentation of many natural products. This included cyanocobalamin (a synthetic form of Vitamin B12), the avermectins, and other important antibiotics. Woodruff died on January 19, 2017, at the age of 99 at his home in Watchung, New Jersey.
John Ronald "Johnny" McCormack (August 2, 1925 – February 22, 2017) was a Canadian ice hockey centre. He was born in Edmonton, Alberta. McCormack began his National Hockey League career with the Toronto Maple Leafs in 1947. He also played for the Montreal Canadiens and Chicago Black Hawks. He retired from the NHL in 1955 season. McCormack won two Stanley Cups in his career, one in 1951 with Toronto and another in 1953 with Montreal. He also won the 1945 Memorial Cup with the St. Michael's Majors and the Allan Cup in 1950 with the Toronto Marlboroughs. McCormack died on February 22, 2017 at his home in Oshawa, Ontario, aged 91.
Rhys Wakefield (born 20 November 1988) is an Australian actor. He started his career in 2000. He is best known for his roles in the movies "The Black Balloon" (2008), "Sanctum" (2011) and "The Purge" (2013). He also appeared as Lucas Holden in the soap opera "Home and Away" from 2005 to 2008. Wakefield was born in Cairns, Queensland. He grew up in Sydney, New South Wales.
Sabine Oberhauser (30 August 1963 – 23 February 2017) was an Austrian medical doctor and politician. She was a member of the Social Democratic Party. She was the Minister for Health and Minister for Women from 2014 until her death. She had also been a member of the National Council since 2006. Oberhauser was born in Vienna. She was married and had two daughters. Oberhauser said she had abdominal cancer in 2016. She died on 23 February 2017, at the age of 53.
Me'a She'arim, Hebrew: מאה שערים - "hundred gates", is a neighbourhood of Jerusalem.  The Me'a She'arim neighbourhood was founded in 1874 and its population consists primarily of Haredi Jews. It is one of the oldest neighbourhoods of the city and lies northwest of the Old City of Jerusalem.
Rishon LeZion, Hebrew: רִאשׁוֹן לְצִיּוֹן - "first of Zion", is a city in Israel. About 244,000 people were living here in 2015. Rishon LeZion is in the Gush Dan region in the Central District, south of Tel Aviv. It was founded by Russian Jews in 1882.
The State of Israel is divided into six districts. In Hebrew, a district is called "makhoz" - מחוז (plural: "mehozot" - מחוזות). These districts are:
Likud ( - HaLikud, meaning "The Consolidation", official name: "HaLikud-National Liberal Movement", commonly called "Likud"), is an Israeli political party. Its ideology is right-wing conservative, nationalist, and Zionist. Political leader is Benjamin Netanyahu (Prime Minister of Israel, 1996–1999, 2009–2021, 2022–). Likud was founded in 1973 as a result of an alliance (and later on a merger in 1988) of six liberal and nationalist parties, like Gahal, Herut and the Liberal Party. Founders were Menachem Begin and Yitzhak Shamir, who both became Prime Minister of Israel. Number of seats in the 25th Knesset: 32 (+3). Participating in the Fourth Netanyahu Government and the Netanyahu-Gantz Government.
Creos Luxembourg S.A. owns and manages electricity networks and natural gas pipelines in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. History. Creos was formed as a result of a deal to unite: 2000s. On 23 January 2009 Cegedel S.A. and Saar Ferngas AG were moved to Soteg S.A. This made a new energy group named Enovos. It included the parent company Enovos International S.A. and the two main subsidiaries: Creos Luxembourg (formerly Cegedel S.A.) in charge of network activities, and Enovos Luxembourg S.A. in charge of production, sales and marketing. Enovos and Creos each have a subsidiary for the German market: Enovos Deutschland and Creos Deutschland. 2010s. In 2010, Creos bought the natural gas networks from Luxgaz Distribution S.A. On 1 January 2011, the City of Luxembourg transferred its electricity and natural gas networks and its teams to Creos in exchange for owning units of property in Creos. The owned units of property increased from 5.71% to 24.57%.  In order to make a difference between the parent company and its subsidiaries – energy provider Enovos and grid operator Creos –, Enovos International is now called Encevo. Private equity firm Ardian sold its stake up to 24.92 percent in Encevo to China Southern Power Grid International, the second grid operator in China and in the world. 2020s. Following a reorganization of the Encevo Group in Germany at the end of October 2021, Creos Luxembourg sold its stake in Creos Deutschland Holding GmbH  . On 1 July 2023, Laurence Zenner, previously head of CFL Cargo, became the new CEO of Creos Luxembourg. Creos also has a shareholding in the following companies:  Business sector. Creos Luxembourg S.A. plans, constructs and maintains the electricity and natural gas transmission and distribution networks in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. In Luxembourg, following the liberalisation of the energy markets, an independent organisation – the Luxembourg Institute of Regulation
Cherry picking is when someone picks the case which supports his opinion. For example, suppose twenty studies have been done on a new medicine and 19 say it works, but one says it does not work. To "cherry pick" is to use the one failed study to "prove" that the medicine is useless. It is a type of confirmation bias, where a person sees evidence for what they want or expect to see, and ignores evidence which goes against their belief. The term cherry picking comes from when people harvest cherries from a tree - the cherry picker only takes the reddest, ripest fruits. If someone looked at all the fruit the person had picked, they might think that all the cherries were red, until they went to the tree and saw lots of pale, unripe cherries still on it. Cherry picking as a term is quite negative, as it implies that the person doing the cherry picking is trying to deceive the audience, or simply does not care about the facts. When applied to subjects like medicine and science, cherry picking is considered "bad science". or a sign of pseudoscience. Cherry picking can take several forms. The most obvious case of cherry picking is where only evidence that supports a given argument is used, and other evidence which does not support it or goes against it is ignored or covered up. Other examples can include giving a lot of emphasis to evidence which supports the idea but barely any to other evidence, and taking a quote out of context so that it seems to have a different meaning than it originally did. Pseudoscience is when untrue claims are made to appear as though they have a scientific basis, even though they do not. Many pseudoscientists cherry pick real scientific evidence to support their claims. It is quite common in science for some studies to contradict others, for example in cases where different methods are used to measure an outcome, or where human error or chance may lead to unusual results. This means that there is often a study someone can use to support their claim, and they can cherry pick that one study even if many more contradict it.
The Svalbard Global Seed Vault () is a seed bank (a place where seeds are kept) in Norway. It is on the island of Spitsbergen, near Longyearbyen, in the Arctic Svalbard archipelago. It is about from the North Pole. Conservationist Cary Fowler worked with the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), to start the vault. The vault is there to save many different kinds of plant seeds. The seeds at the vault are copies of seeds from other places around the world. Copies of seeds are kept in case the seeds in other places are lost. Three organizations decided how to manage the vault. Those organizations were the Norwegian government, the Global Crop Diversity Trust (GCDT) and the Nordic Genetic Resource Center (NordGen). The Norwegian government paid for building the vault. It cost about 45 million Norwegian kroner () to build. Storing seeds in the vault is free. Norway and GCDT pay to operate the vault. GCDT gets money from organisations such as the Bill &amp; Melinda Gates Foundation and from different governments worldwide.
John Hack (November 26, 1842 – March 29, 1933) was a decorated hero of the Union Army in the American Civil War. He was born in Hessen, Germany and lived in Adrian, Michigan. Medal. According to the Military Times Hall of Valor, "on 3 May 1863, while serving with Company B, 47th Ohio Infantry, in action at Vicksburg, Mississippi. Private Hack was one of a party which volunteered and attempted to run the enemy's batteries with a steam tug and two barges loaded with subsistence stores." Hack and nine others in Company B did this while Confederate States Army batteries were shooting at them "under cover of darkness" Hack was awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor "for extreme bravery under fire" on January 3, 1907.
Sidney Haight (August 21, 1847 – September 17, 1918) was a soldier in the United States Army during the American Civil War. He received the Medal of Honor, the highest honor of the U.S. military. Biography. Haight was born in Reading, Michigan in 1846. He entered the U.S. Army at Goodland, Michigan, and served in Company E of the 1st Michigan Sharpshooters. He reached the rank of corporal. Haight received the citation for actions at Petersburg, Virginia on July 30, 1864, in the Battle of Petersburg, Virginia. He died Sep. 17, 1918 in Reading, Michigan. Haight's official Medal of Honor citation reads: Instead of retreating, remained in the captured works, regardless of his personal safety and exposed to the firing, which he boldly and deliberately returned until the enemy was close upon him. Haight was awarded the Medal of Honor on July 31, 1896.
Viterbo is a very old city and a "comune" in the Lazio region of Central Italy, the capital of the province of Viterbo. The University of Tuscia, established in 1979, is in the city of Viterbo. Geography. The "comune" of Viterbo has an area of , the largest "comune" of the province, and its altitude is above sea level. The "comune" borders with the "comuni" Bagnoregio, Bomarzo, Canepina, Caprarola, Celleno, Civitella d'Agliano, Graffignano, Marta, Monte Romano, Montefiascone, Ronciglione, Soriano nel Cimino, Tuscania, Vetralla, Vitorchiano. "Frazioni". The following "frazioni" (hamlets) are part of the "comune" of Viterboː Bagnaia, Fastello, Grotte Santo Stefano, La Quercia, Montecalvello, Ponte di Cetti, Roccalvecce, San Martino al Cimino, Sant'Angelo di Roccalvecce, Tobia, Vallebona. Population. , there are 67,173 persons (32,186 males and 34,987 females) living in the "comune", for a population density of inhabitants/km². Twinned and partner towns. Viterbo is twinned with:
Gustaw Lutkiewicz (29 June 1924 – 24 February 2017) was a Polish actor and singer. He started his career in 1948. He was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta in 1970, the Officer's Cross in 1985 and later the Medal for Merit to Culture – Gloria Artis in 2012. He was born in Kaunas, Lithuania. Lutkiewicz died on 24 February 2017 in Warsaw, at the age of 92.
In statistics, a central tendency (or 'measure of central tendency') is a central or typical value for a probability distribution. Measures of central tendency are often called averages. The most common measures of central tendency are the arithmetic mean, the median and the mode.
James Stevenson (July 11, 1929 – February 17, 2017) was an American illustrator and author. He wrote over 100 children's books. His cartoons appeared regularly in "The New Yorker" magazine. He usually used a special comic book style of illustration that is very well known. His books, like "What's Under My Bed", have been featured on the "Reading Rainbow" television series. He was born in New York City. Stevenson died on February 17, 2017 in the neighborhood of Cos Cob in Greenwich, Connecticut, from complications of pneumonia, aged 87.
Marilyn B. Young (April 25, 1937 – February 19, 2017) was an American historian of American foreign relations. She served as professor of history at New York University. In 2000, she was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship and an American Council of Learned Societies Fellowship, and the Berkshire Women's History Prize for "The Vietnam Wars, 1945–1990". She was elected President of the Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations in 2011. Young died in New York on February 19, 2017, aged 79.
HaAvoda, Hebrew: העבודה , meaning "The Labor", (full name: Mifleget HaAvoda HaYisrelit, Hebrew: מפלגת העבודה הישראלית , meaning "Israeli Labor Party", often called like that or just "Labor Party") is an Israeli political party. Its ideology is social democratic, and Zionist. Political leader is Merav Michaeli (was Amir Peretz).  HaAvoda was founded in 1968 as a result of a merger of three leftist parties: Mapai, Ahdut HaAvoda, and Rafi. Number of seats in the 24th Knesset: 7 (+4). HaAvoda was cooperating with HaTnu'a ("The Movement") and HaTnu'a HaYeruqa ("The Green Movement") as HaMahaneh HaTziyoni ("The Zionist Union"). Together they had 24 seats in the 20th Knesset (2015-2019). Participating in the Netanyahu-Gantz Government and the Bennett-Lapid Government.
Edwin Kessler III (December 2, 1928 – February 21, 2017) was an American atmospheric scientist. He was known for being part of the development of Doppler weather radar and was the first director of the National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL). Kessler died in Austin, Texas on February 21, 2017, aged 88.
David Charles Waddington, Baron Waddington (2 August 1929 – 23 February 2017) was a British politician. He was a member of the Conservative Party, and a supporter of Margaret Thatcher. Waddington was born in Lancashire]. He studied at Hertford College, Oxford and at Gray's Inn, where he qualified as a barrister.  Waddington served as a Member of Parliament (MP) in the House of Commons from 1968 to 1974 and from 1979 to 1990. He was then made a life peer. He was the government Chief Whip from 1987 to 1989, and served in the Cabinet as Home Secretary from 1989 to 1990.  He served as Leader of the House of Lords from 1990 to 1992. He then served as the Governor of Bermuda from 1992 to 1997. Waddington died on 23 February 2017 in England, aged 87.
Andrew Jackson "Jack" Pope, Jr. (April 18, 1913 – February 25, 2017) was an American judge, attorney, author and legal scholar. He served as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Texas from November 1982 through January 1985. Pope holds the record of the longest sitting justice in Texas Supreme Court history, having served for 38 years. He was the oldest living former Chief Justice of any supreme court in the United States, as well as the longest living chief justice of any supreme court of any state in United States history. Pope was born in Abilene, Texas. He studied at the University of Texas Law School and at Abilene Christian University. He turned 100 in 2013. Pope died at his home in Austin, Texas on February 25, 2017, aged 103.
ActiveX is a system for managing computer files. it controls the "DLL" (Dynamic-link library) that can be used as a shared data over the applications. ActiveX is a type of library in the file DLL.  In any operating system, such as Linux, Mac or the Microsoft Windows, data files have the same kind of file format as that of the Dynamic-link library. They can be called a resource DLL. Examples of such DLLs include icon libraries, sometimes having the extension ICL, and the font files, having the extensions FON and FOT. For example, ActiveX is well-known for use in web browsers.
Mohammed Hassan Al-Jundi (1938 – 25 February 2017) was a Moroccan author, movie director and movie actor. Career. Al Jundi was best known for his role as Abu Jahl, Amr ibn Hisham in the Arabic version of the movie "The Message" and also acted as Kisra in the English language version of the movie. He was also popular the role of Rustam in the movie "Qadisiyah". He acted as Utbah ibn Rabiah in the 2012's in the historical drama series "Umar ibn al-Khattab". Death. Al-Jundi died on 25 February 2017 in Marrakesh, Morocco, aged 79.
Daryl Easton (August 13, 1955 – February 24, 2017) known professionally as Daryl and born Daryl Martinez, was an American magician. He was born in Las Vegas, Nevada. He would call himself "The Magician's Magician." Daryl usually went by his forename only. He specialized in card tricks, close-up and parlor magic. Two of his most famous contributions to magic were the "Hot Shot Cut", a knuckle-busting sleight where the spectator's chosen card spins like a boomerang out of the deck, and the "Ultimate Ambition" trick which allows a card to be inserted fairly into the middle of a deck and yet appear back on top. Daryl accidentally hanged himself in the closet of his hotel room in Hollywood, California on February 24, 2017. He was 61.
Leon Ware (February 16, 1940 – February 23, 2017) was an American music artist, songwriter and composer. He was born in Detroit, Michigan. Besides a solo career as a performer, Ware was best known for producing hits for other artists including Michael Jackson, Quincy Jones, Maxwell, Minnie Riperton and Marvin Gaye. He was known for co-producing the latter's album and the song "I Want You". Ware died on February 23, 2017 from complications of prostate cancer in Los Angeles, California, aged 77.
The WWE Universal Championship is a professional wrestling world championship in WWE for the men of the SmackDown brand. It is one of three world championships in WWE, along with the WWE Championship (with which it is currently defended together as the Undisputed WWE Championship) and the World Heavyweight Championship from the Raw brand. The current champion is Cody Rhodes, who is in his first reign. He beat Roman Reigns in a Bloodline rules match on April 7, 2024 at night two of WrestleMania XL. Reigns had held the title for more than one thousand days. History. Creation. With the return of the WWE Brand Extension in the middle of 2016, a draft took place in July 19. The WWE Champion Dean Ambrose was drafted to "SmackDown". And as a result, "Raw" was left without a world title. On the July 25, 2016 episode of "Raw", Stephanie McMahon and the general manager Mick Foley created the WWE Universal Championship to be the world title of the program. The first champion was determined at SummerSlam on August 21, 2016. Finn Bálor beat Seth Rollins to win the title. Undisputed WWE Universal Championship. At WrestleMania 38 Night 2 on April 3, 2022, SmackDown's Universal Champion Roman Reigns defeated WWE Champion Brock Lesnar in a Winner Takes All match to win both championships and become the Undisputed WWE Universal Champion. WWE called the match a championship unification match; however, both titles's histories are still seperately active with Reigns being a double champion, defending both titles together across both brands as the Undisputed WWE Universal Championship. On the April 24, 2023, episode of "Raw", WWE Chief Content Officer Triple H announced that regardless of what brand Reigns was drafted to in the 2023 WWE Draft, he and his undisputed championship would become exclusive to that brand. Triple H then presented a new World Heavyweight Championship for the other brand, which was won by Seth "Freakin" Rollins at Night of Champions. Reigns was drafted to SmackDown and the World Heavyweight Championship
The WWE Women's Championship is a professional wrestling championship in WWE competed for by women of the SmackDown brand. It was created on April 3, 2016 at WrestleMania 32 and replaced the WWE Divas Championship as the women's title in WWE. Between September 2016 and June 2023 it was called the WWE Raw Women's Championship and was exclusive to the "Raw" brand. History. At WrestleMania 32 on April 3, 2016, Lita announced that a new WWE Women's Championship would be created. In the process, the Divas Championship would be retired. Later in the night, the Divas Champion Charlotte beat Becky Lynch and Sasha Banks to win the new Women's Championship. The title shares its name with the old Women's Championship. However, the new title does not share the same title history as the original. The first Women's Championship was unified with the Divas Championship in 2010. As result, they combined their histories. In the draft that took place on July 19, 2016, Charlotte was drafted to "Raw" and the title was renamed "WWE Raw Women's Championship" on September 5. It became exclusive to "SmackDown" on April 28, 2023, when champion Bianca Belair was drafted there. It got its old name back on June 9 and its design was also changed.