ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Karen Sue Batten Pence (born January 1, 1957) is an American schoolteacher who served as the second lady of the United States from 2017 to 2021 as the wife of Mike Pence, the 48th U.S. vice president. She was the first lady of Indiana from 2013 to 2017 when her husband was governor. Once her husband's vice presidency ended, she released a book detailing her life as a political spouse, titled "". Biography. Early life and education. Karen Sue Batten was born on January 1, 1957, at McConnell Air Force Base in Kansas to Lilian Hacker Batten and John M. Batten. She grew up in the Broad Ripple Village, Indianapolis until she graduated from high school. She attended schools such as, Bishop Chatard High School and Butler University. Marriage and family. Karen and Mike Pence officially got married on June 8, 1985 and the couple had three children together named Michael, Audrey, and Charlotte Pence. First lady of Indiana. Pence became the first lady of Indiana succeeding Cheri Daniels, when her husband became the 50th governor of Indiana on January 14, 2013. As first lady of the state, Pence created the Indiana First Lady’s Charitable Foundation. It's purpose is encourage and support young children and families in Indiana. Second lady of the United States. Pence became the second lady of the United States when her husband was sworn-in as the 48th U.S. vice president on January 20, 2017. As second lady, Pence raised awareness by teaching the public about mental health and art therapy in the United States and around the world. She observed art therapy programs in the Asia Pacific region, Australia, Europe, South America, Africa, Canada, and across the United States.  Pence served as the honorary chair of the Art Therapy Initiative at Riley Hospital for Children. She also served as a board member for Tracy’s Kids, an art therapy program for young cancer patients. In February 2017, Tracy’s Kids honored Pence with the Courage Award for her support of art therapy programs across the United States and world. Children’s National Health System also recognized her for
The association football tournament at the 2016 Summer Olympics were held from 3 to 20 August in Brazil. The tournament were feature both the men's and women's teams. The men's teams can only have players who were born on or after 1 January 1993, and the women's teams have no age limit. The tournament were played in six cities: Rio de Janeiro, Belo Horizonte, Brasília, Salvador, São Paulo, and Manaus. Qualified teams. Men. The top 4 teams in the 2015 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualify, the winner of the 2015 Pacific Games qualifies, the top 2 teams in the 2015 CONCACAF Men's Olympic Qualifying Championship qualify, the top 3 teams from the 2015 Africa U-23 Cup of Nations qualify, the top 3 teams from the 2016 AFC U-23 Championship qualify and the winner of the 2016 CONCACAF–CONMEBOL play-off qualifies. Women. The best two European teams from the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup qualify, the winner of the 2014 Copa América Femenina qualifies (which was Brazil but they already qualified for being hosts, so the runners-up qualified instead), the top 2 teams from the 2015 CAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament qualify, the winner of the 2016 OFC Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament qualifies, the top 2 teams from the 2016 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Championship qualify, the top 2 teams from the 2016 AFC Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament qualify and the winner of the 2016 UEFA Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament qualifies.
Pointe-Noire is the second largest town of the Republic of the Congo. It is in the south in Kouilou Department. As of 2007, 715,000 people lived there. Pointe-Noire is a commune divided into six urban districts ("arrondissements"):
Boueza is a departement of the Republic of the Congo, in the southwest. Its capital is Madingou. Bouenza is divided into two communes and ten districts:
Cuvette is a departement of Republic of the Congo, in the northeast. Its capital is Owando. Cuvette is divided into one commune and ten districts:
Cuvette-Ouest is a department of Republic of the Congo, in the northwest. Its capital is Ewo. Cuvette-Ouest is divided into one commune and six districts:
Lékoumou is a departement of the Republic of the Congo, in the south. Its capital is Sibiti. Lékoumou is divided into four districts:
Plateaux is a departement of the Republic of the Congo, in the center. Its capital is Djambala. Plateaux is divided into four districts:
The term Gambler's fallacy refers to a misconception about statistics. It is also known Monte Carlo fallacy or fallacy of the maturity of chances. In statistics, a random event has a certain probability of occurring. The fallacy is that if the event has occurred more frequently in the past, it will occur less frequently in the future; or that if it has been less frequent in the past, it will be more frequent in the future. Childbirth. As early as 1796, the idea of the gambler's fallacy was used to "predict" the sex of children. In his work "A Philosophical Essay on Probabilities", published in 1796, Pierre-Simon Laplace wrote of the ways in which men calculated their probability of having sons:"I have seen men [who wanted to have] a son, who could learn only with anxiety of the births of boys in the month when they expected to become fathers. Imagining that the ratio of these births to those of girls ought to be the same at the end of each month, they judged that the boys already born would render more probable the births next of girls." In short, the expectant fathers feared that if more sons were born in the surrounding community, then they themselves would be more likely to have a daughter. Some expectant parents believe that, after having multiple children of the same sex, they are "due" to have a child of the opposite sex. While the Trivers–Willard hypothesis predicts that birth sex is dependent on living conditions (i.e. more male children are born in "good" living conditions, while more female children are born in poorer living conditions), the probability of having a child of either sex is still generally regarded as near 50%.
Repentless is the twelfth studio album by the American thrash metal band Slayer. It was released on September 11, 2015, and is the band's first album to be released on Nuclear Blast. It is also the first Slayer album to feature guitarist Gary Holt of Exodus and the first to feature drummer Paul Bostaph since 2001's "God Hates Us All". The album made it to #4 on the Billboard 200, which was the highest charting album from the band in the United States. It also topped the chart in Germany and was featured in the top ten of almost twenty charts around the world. It got mixed to positive reviews from critics. Background. Slayer where asked in 2011 if they were going to make another album, which then-Slayer drummer Dave Lombardo replied that although nothing had been written yet, there were "definitely plans". In early 2011, guitarist Jeff Hanneman became ill with necrotizing fasciitis. Some said that he got the illness from a spider bite he claimed to have received while in a friend's hot tub. When asked about a new record, bassist Tom Araya stated that any work would have to wait until Hanneman had recovered. On February 20, 2013, it was announced that Lombardo would not take part in Slayer's Australia tour because of contractual disputes, and he would be replaced by former drummer Jon Dette. Lombardo's permanent replacement was later announced to be Paul Bostaph, who was previously the band's drummer from 1992–2001, appearing on several albums. On May 2, 2013, Jeff Hanneman died of liver failure in a Los Angeles hospital. A week later, it was announced that he died from an alcohol-related cirrhosis. Hanneman and his family had did not know how bad his condition was until shortly before his death. Kerry King later said that he wants the band to continue, but Araya was unsure. He said that, "After 30 years, it would literally be like starting over," and told about his doubts that Slayer's fanbase would approve of such a change. In March 2015, Araya revealed that the band had recorded one song before Hanneman died, and that the song will appear on the album. Personnel. Credits came from the album's notes.
Oluremi Comfort Sonaiya (born March 2, 1955), is a Nigerian politician, educationist and writer. Sonaiya is notable for being Nigeria's first female presidential candidate. She contested the position in the 2015 general election under the platform of the KOWA Party. Life. Sonaiya was born in Ibadan, Oyo State, South-Western Nigeria where she had her early education. She is a graduate of French from Obafemi Awolowo University, Oyo State in 1977. She also holds a Master of Arts degree in French Literature and a Ph.D in Linguistics from Cornell University, U.S.A. In 1982, she got employed as Assistant Lecturer in the Department of Foreign Languages, Obafemi Awolowo University before she rose to the position of Professor of French language and Applied Linguistics in 2004.  At the 2015 presidential election where she received 13,076 votes and finished in 12th place.
David James Woodard (; born April 6, 1964 in Santa Barbara, California) is an American postmodern writer and conductor, and a descendant of prominent colonial families. He invented the concept and portmanteau word prequiem, which designates a musical composition to be rendered as its beneficiary lay dying. Woodard invented a fictional psychoactive machine called the Feraliminal Lycanthropizer. At the end of the 20th century he fabricated replicas of an actual psychoactive device called the Dreamachine. Woodard is also known for his work with Nueva Germania, a settlement in Paraguay. His German book of correspondence "Five Years", coauthored by Swiss novelist Christian Kracht, describes some of the humanitarian work performed there.
Field artillery in the American Civil War were cannon that could be moved around the battlefield or could travel with an army unit. Field artillery could only fight unlimbered (disconnected from the cart and horses that pulled it). The limber (or caisson) along with the team of six horses would be moved to a safe area nearby. Gun crews were organized into an artillery battery, six guns (later in the war, four) were deployed along a line about wide with the guns spaced about apart.  At times the horses remained hitched to the limber or caisson so the battery could move quickly. An artillery crew was made up of eight highly trained men. An artillery battery had a total of between 70 and 100 soldiers. There were several types of field artillery used during the Civil War. These included the 6 pounder gun, 12 and the 24 pound Howitzer, the famous Model 1857 12-Pounder Napoleon Field Gun, the 3 inch Ordnance rifle and the 10 and 20 pound Parrott rifle.  Most cannons were muzzleloading weapons. Cannon barrels were of two types. One was the older smoothbore cannons as used during the Mexican–American War.  They usually had barrels made of bronze and fired round iron cannonballs. The newer type was the rifled cannon that were made of cast iron and wrought iron. They fired Bullet-shaped shells. Both guns and ammunition had a tendency to be unreliable and they were dangerous to shoot. Smoothbore cannon. Before the outbreak of the American Civil War, the United States government did not encourage any new developments in ordnance. Most ordnance experts in the U.S. Ordnance Department were older military officers who believed what worked during the Mexican–American War would work now and did not need improving. Inventors had to go through years of field experiments and political red tape just to get their ideas introduced. Most used their own money and could lose all their money trying to introduce a new idea. Early cannons were identified by the term "pounder" (abbreviated "pdr"). This referred to the weight of the cannonball the gun fired. For example, a 12 pound
The Nera () is a river in central Italy that starts in the Marche region but flows mainly through the Umbria region. It is the main tributary of the Tiber river. Geography. The Nera river has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of approximately . Course. The Nera river starts in the "Monti Sibillini", within the Monti Sibillini National Park (), at an elevation of about ., in the "comune" of Castelsantangelo sul Nera, Province of Macerata, Marche. The river flows through the "comuni" of Castelsantangelo sul Nera, Viso and Ussita in the Marche and then, after about , it flows in the Umbria. After flowing through the province of Perugia, it gets in the province of Terni and keeps flowing to the east and flows through the city of Terni. After flowing through the city of Narni, it gets into the Lazio region (Province of Viterbo) and soon finally flows in the Tiber river as a left tributary near the city of Orte. Main tributaries. Only the tributaries coming from the left of the Nera are of some importance; those coming from the right are small streams. Left tributaries:
Jacqueline Fernandez is a Sri Lankan actress, former model, and the winner of the 2006 Miss Universe Sri Lanka pageant. Jacqueline Fernandez was born on 11 August 1985, in Manama, Bahrain,[5][6] and was raised in a multi-ethnic family. Her father, Elroy Fernandez, is a Sri Lankan Burgher, and her mother, Kim, is of Malaysian and Canadian descent.[7] Her maternal grandfather is Canadian and her great-grandparents were from Goa in India.[6] Her father, who was a musician in Sri Lanka, moved to Bahrain in the 1980s to escape civil unrest between the Sinhalese and Tamils and subsequently met her mother, who was an air hostess.[6] She is the youngest of four children with one elder sister and two elder brothers.[8][6] After receiving her early education in Bahrain at Sacred Heart School,[9][10][11] she studied mass communication at the University of Sydney in Australia.[12][13] After graduating she did a couple of television shows in Sri Lanka.[6] She also attended the Berlitz school of languages, where she learned Spanish and improved her French and Arabic.[14] Jacqueline Fernandez was named after iconic U.S. First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis. In an interview, Jacqueline revealed that her mother Kim was a huge admirer of Jackie Kennedy's style, intelligence and cultural contributions and decided to name her daughter after the iconic First Lady.  Jacqueline said she feels deeply honored to share her name with someone her mother looked up to for her courage, intelligence and contributions to global culture. Growing up, she learned about Jackie Kennedy's influence and presence on the world stage. According to Fernandez, she had aspired to become an actress at a young age and fantasized about becoming a Hollywood movie star.[15] She received some training at the John School of Acting.[14] Although, she was a television reporter, she accepted offers in the modeling industry, which came as a result of her pageant success. In 2006, she was crowned the winner of the Miss Universe Sri Lanka pageant and represented Sri Lanka at the world Miss Universe 2006
John Abraham (born 17 December 1972), is an Indian film actor, producer and a former model who appears in Hindi films. Early life. Abraham was born on 17 December 1972 into a family of mixed religious and ethnic heritage. His father is a Syrian Christian from Kerala and his mother is a Zoroastrian Irani. Abraham's Zoroastrian name is "Farhan", but he was baptised with the name "John." He has a younger brother named Alan Abraham. He considers himself a spiritual person but does not follow any particular religion. Abraham grew up in Mumbai and studied at the Bombay Scottish School in Mumbai, Maharashta. He attended Jai Hind College, University of Mumbai, and then got an MBA degree from Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS), Bombay. His cousin Susy Matthew is an author and has written novels like "Mahabharat".
"Cheap Thrills" is a song by Australian singer-songwriter Sia. It was recorded for her seventh studio album, "This Is Acting", after it was rejected by Barbadian recording artist Rihanna. On February 11, 2016, the song was released as a remix with Jamaican recording artist Sean Paul. The remix of the song has been very successful, reaching the top ten in Sia's country of Australia, the top two in the UK, and number one in Canada, most of mainland Europe, and the United States. "Cheap Thrills" became Sia's first "Billboard" Hot 100 number-one hit and Sean Paul's fourth. Sean Paul's last number-one U.S. song was "Temperature" in 2006. She never shows her face or even is in her music videos because of privacy. The song reached number 11 on the year-end "Billboard" Hot 100 of 2016. It was certified double-Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America. The remix was nominated for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance at the 2017 (59th) Grammy Awards.
Merced is a city in Merced County, California, United States. As of 2020, 86,333 people lived there. Merced is the county seat of Merced County in the San Joaquin Valley of California. Merced has the first research university built in the 21st century, University of California, Merced. UC Merced is the newest school in the University of California system. Government. Merced runs off of the Council-Manager form of government. Economy. Employment. The unemployment rate in Merced as of June 2014 is 14.10%. The average per capita income in Merced is $17,331 while the median household income is $38,253. Sales tax in Merced is 8% while the income tax is 6%.
Slaughterhouse-Five is a science fiction book by American author Kurt Vonnegut. It has been popular all over the world since its was published in 1969. It is often picked as one of the best books of all time. Slaughterhouse 5 is about a time travelling American soldier during World War II who is in the German city of Dresden when it is bombed by the Allies. The author experienced this event in his real life and so the novel is semi autobiographical. Plot summary. The novel follows the story of American soldier Billy Pilgrim. Billy is what is known in literature as an "unreliable narrator" - his experiences are written in a way that might make the reader think they are not exactly true. To reflect this, the novel is structured in a non linear fashion. This means events are not always written in the order that they happened. Billy's stories from the war are interrupted when he is taken by aliens (called Tralfamadorians) to live in a zoo on their home planet. He also becomes "unstuck in time" and experiences his life in a random order of flashbacks.
The II Antofagasta Region () is one of Chile's 15 first order administrative divisions. It is the second-largest region of Chile. To the east it borders Bolivia and Argentina. The capital of the region is the port city of Antofagasta. History. The area away from the coast was populated by the Atacama people around the great dry salt lake called Salar de Atacama, the river basin of the Loa and valleys and oasis across the altiplano, with the most important settlement being the town of San Pedro de Atacama. The region used to be Bolivian until the War of the Pacific started in 1879. Geography. The Antofagasta region borders the Tarapacá region to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the southeast, the Atacama region to the south and the Pacific Ocean to the west. The Llullaillaco volcano is the region's highest elevation at ; it is on the border with Argentina. The only river of the region is the Loa river, the longest river of Chile, with a length of . Climate. The climate of the region is extremely arid (a desert climate) but somewhat milder near the coast and the highest mountains. The three types of desert climate in the region are, (with the Köppen climate classification) Nearly all of the region does not have any vegetation except close to the Loa river or at oases such as San Pedro de Atacama. Population. , there were (estimated) 622,640 persons living in the region, for a population density of inhabitants/km². The largest cities (2002 census) of the region are the capitals of the three provincesː Antofagasta (285,255 inhabitants), Calama (126,135 inhabitants) and Tocopilla (23,352 inhabitants). Administration. The Antofagasta region is divided in three provincesː
Levi's Stadium is a stadium in Santa Clara, California. The San Francisco 49ers play there. History. A year after the stadium opened, Super Bowl 50 was held there. After the 2019 San Francisco 49ers season, the stadium held its first playoff game on against the Minnesota Vikings, and the first NFC Championship game against the Green Bay Packers. The 49ers won both games. The stadium hosted the 2019 College Football Playoff National Championship, in which the Clemson Tigers defeated the Alabama Crimson Tide, 44-16. Construction. The stadium's construction was completed on July 17, 2014. There are 174 executive suites. The capacity is 68,500, which is expandable to 75,000. The cost of the stadium's construction was $1.27 billion. The first match held in the stadium was an MLS league match between the San Jose Earthquakes and the Seattle Sounders (1-0) on August 2nd 2014. On September 14, 2014, the 49ers played their first game at the stadium against the Chicago Bears, but lost 20-28.
Gunmetal, or red brass in the United States, is a metal alloy. It is a type of bronze – an alloy of copper, tin and zinc.  Proportions of its metals vary. 88% copper, 8-10% tin and 2-4% zinc is usual.  Originally it was used for making cannons. Guns are now made of steel. Gunmetal is easy to cast and work on a lathe. It resists corrosion from steam and salt water. It is used to make steam and hydraulic castings, valves, gears, statues, and various small objects such as buttons.
Football Club Astana (Kazakh: «Астана» футбол клубы; usually just called FC Astana or simply Astana) is a professional association football club from Astana, Kazakhstan. They currently play in the Kazakhstan Premier League. They were founded as Lokomotiv Astana in 2009 from football clubs Almaty: Megasport and Alma-Ata, the club changed its name to Astana in 2011.  Their short history already included two league titles, two Kazakhstan Cups and two Kazakhstan Super Cups. In 2015, Astana qualified to the UEFA Champions League group stage, becoming the first Kazakh team to do so. Winners (7): 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2022 Winners (3): 2010, 2012, 2016 Winners (6): 2011, 2015, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2023
Ashdod (Hebrew: אַשְׁדּוֹד; Arabic: اشدود, إسدود) is the sixth-largest city in Israel. Ashdod is Israel's largest port, since about 60% of the country's imported goods come through the city. Climate. Ashdod has a Mediterranean climate with hot summers, pleasant spring and fall, and cool, rainy winters. The humidity is usually high many times year round, and rain occurs mainly from November to March.  Demographics. Ashdod had a population of about 220,000 in 2015, making it the sixth-largest city in Israel. The ratio of women to men is about 1.05 to 1.00. Also, 19.7% of the population was under the age of 10, 15.7% from age 10 to 19, 14.9% from 20 to 29, 19.1% from 30 to 44, 19.1% from 45 to 64, and 11.3% were 65 or older. The population of Ashdod is a lot younger than the Israeli average because there are a lot of young couples in the city. Over 95% of Ashdod's population is Jewish, even though only about 30% follow their religion. The city is also home to the world's largest Karaite community, with about five thousand members.
The end justifies the means is a paraphrase of Niccolò Machiavelli. It means that if a goal is morally important enough, any method of getting it is acceptable. The idea is very old, but it was not meant to allow people to be cruel or mean if they do not need to be. It was part of a political philosophy (way of thinking) called consequentialism. The basic idea is that doing something can be judged by what happens because of it. All modern forms of consequentialism have to prevent tyrants (absolute rulers) from using this idea for evil.