ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
The Blue Whale Challenge, also called Blue Whale game, or simply Blue whale is an internet phenomenon that started in 2016, in Russia. Over a period of 50 days, participants are assigned tasks. Each player gets one task a day. At first, the tasks are harmless (such as: get up at 4.30am, and watch a horror movie). Later, the tasks require the participants to hurt themselves. The final task requires the player to commit suicide. When people want to quit, they are threatened. Sometimes, this includes threats to the family of the participant. The first to report on this was the Russian newspaper Novaya Gazeta, in 2016. It linked many deaths of children. All these children had been members of the group "F57", in the Russian social network called VK. The article claimed there were 130 deaths because of the challenge. The article was later criticized, because it made connections where none existed. None of the suicides were found to be related to the activities of the group. There were several suicides which have been linked to the challenge. So far, no link has been proven. Notable cases. Two girls in Irkutslk, aged 14 and 15 years committed suicide together, after solving 50 tasks. They jumped off a building. Another 14 year old threw herself in front of a train.
The Way It Is is the debut studio album by American R&amp;B singer Keyshia Cole; it was released on June 21, 2005, by A&amp;M Records. The album debuted at number 6 on the US "Billboard" 200 and it was supported by five singles, including "Never", "I Changed My Mind", "(I Just Want It) To Be Over", "I Should Have Cheated" and "Love". The album sold 89,000 units in its first week. The album was certified gold within 17 weeks, and then platinum, only eight weeks later. The album stayed on the charts for over a year, eventually selling over 1.6 million copies and it is Cole's second highest-selling album to date. Reception. Critical response. Upon its release, "The Way It is" garnered generally favorable reviews from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a rated mean out of 100 from mainstream critics, the album received a score of 77. Andy Kellman of Allmusic rated the album four out of five stars. He felt that "from the opener, the album seems to be set up like a linear narrative about a crumbling relationship, but it doesn't quite play out that way, with the scenes shuffled out of order. None of it's all that profound, but Cole sells it all extremely well. [Her] voice is sweet and ringing, like a wiser version of Lil' Mo who has had to weather a tremendous amount of drama. She could be around for a while." Janet Tzou, writing for "Entertainment Weekly" found that "Cole certainly nails all the basics on "The Way It Is": big-name guest talent and husky ballads lamenting those tricky matters of the heart. But Cole's native Oakland, California upbringing gives her vocals depth and her songs a genuine, lived-in feel."
The Arecibo Telescope is now destroyed by a collapse. The radio telescope was a spherical reflector dish built into a natural sinkhole at the Arecibo Observatory which was completed in November 1963.  For more than 50 years, the Arecibo Telescope was the world's largest single-aperture telescope. In July 2016 the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST) in China was put into service. On 19 November 2020, the National Science Foundation announced that they would close and dismantle the telescope. On 1 December 2020, the telescope collapsed.
Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine is a COVID-19 vaccine, developed by BioNTech, Pfizer and Fosun Pharmaceutical. The vaccine is given by injection. It is an RNA vaccine made of nucleoside-modified mRNA which is meant to create spike protein of SARS-CoV-2.
Mony Elkaïm (7 November 1941 – 20 November 2020) was a Moroccan-Belgian psychiatrist and psychotherapist. He was a part of the anti-psychiatry movement in the 1970s. He was born in Marrakesh, French Morocco. Elkaïm died on 20 November 2020 in Brussels at the age of 79.
Bonifácio Piccinini (13 May 1929 – 28 November 2020) was a Brazilian Roman Catholic archbishop. He became a priest in 1960. He was titular archbishop of Turres in Byzacena and as coadjutor archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cuiabá Brazil, from 1975 to 1981 and as archbishop of the archdiocese from 1981 to 2004. Piccinini died on 28 November 2020 at the age of 91.
Margaret L. "Peg" Murray (February 14, 1924 – November 29, 2020) was an American actress. She was born in Denver, Colorado. She won a Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Musical for her performance as the villain "Fräulein Kost" in the original Broadway production of "Cabaret" (1966).  Murray died on November 29, 2020 in Southold, New York at the age of 96.
Ali-Asghar Shahbazi (; November 1922 – 29 November 2020) was an Iranian actor. He was born in Tehran. He was known for his role as Nader's father in the 2011 drama "A Separation". Shahbazi died on 29 November 2020 in Tehran from cardiopulmonary arrest at the age of 98.
Liliane Juchli (19 October 1933 – 30 November 2020) was a Swiss nurse and writer. She was a member of the Merciful Sisters of the Holy Cross. She was the main author of an important German-language nursing textbook which was called "the Juchli". She was born in Obersiggenthal, Switzerland. Juchli died in Bern, Switzerland from COVID-19 on 30 November 2020 at the age of 87.
Roger Chappot (17 October 1940 – 7 April 2020) was a Swiss professional ice hockey player. He played for HC Villars and Genève-Servette HC in the National League A. He also represented the Swiss national team at the 1964 Winter Olympics. Chappot died from COVID-19 during the pandemic on 8 April 2020 at the age of 79.
Aleksandr Shatskikh (21 January 1974 – 30 November 2020) was a Kazakh footballer. He played as a striker. He was born in Taldıqorğan, Kazakhstan. His career lasted from 1990 to 2009. Shatskikh played club football for Zhetysu / Taldykorgan, Qaynar, Chkalovets, Astana Aqmola / Zhenis Astana, Irtysh Pavlodar, CSKA-Qayrat Almaty, Esil Bogatyr, Megasport and Lokomotiv Astana. He appeared once for the Kazakhstan national team in 2003. Shatskikh died on 30 November 2020, aged 46.
Anne Sylvestre (, born Anne-Marie Beugras 20 June 1934 – 30 November 2020) was a French singer-songwriter and guitarist. She was born in Lyon, France. She was known for her children's songs such as "Fabulettes" (1962). She also appeared many times as a musical guest on the television program "Discorama". Sylvestre died in Paris on 30 November 2020 from problems caused by a stroke, aged 86.
Dennis William Siahou Sciama, (; 18 November 1926 – 18/19 December 1999) was a British physicist. He was an important scientist for the development of British physics after the Second World War.  He was the PhD supervisor to many famous cosmologists, including Stephen Hawking, Martin Rees and David Deutsch. He is seen as one of the fathers of modern cosmology.
Jane Beryl Wilde Hawking Jones (born 29 March 1944) is an English author and teacher. She was married for 30 years to Stephen Hawking. She was born in St Albans, Hertfordshire, England. In 1999 she wrote an autobiography about her first marriage, "Music to Move the Stars: A Life with Stephen". Hawking was played by Felicity Jones in the 2014 movie "The Theory of Everything".
Isaak Markovich Khalatnikov (; ; 17 October 1919 – 9 January 2021) was a Soviet-born physicist. He was known for his role in developing the BKL conjecture in general relativity. Khalatnikov was born in Dnipro, Ukraine. Khalatnikov directed the Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics in Moscow from 1965 to 1992. He was elected to the Soviet Academy of Sciences in 1984. In 1994, he became a fellow at the Royal Society. Khalatnikov died in Chernogolovka, Russia on 9 January 2021, aged 101.
The Supreme Court (initialism: UKSC or the acronym: SCOTUK) is the final court of appeal in the United Kingdom for civil cases, and for criminal cases from England, Wales and Northern Ireland.  It hears cases of the greatest public or constitutional importance.
Luciano Guerzoni (1 April 1938 – 1 December 2020) was an Italian Communist politician. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies three times representing Parma for his first two terms from 1983 to 1992, and Mirandola in his final term from 1994 to 1996. Guerzoni was born in Naples, Italy. Guerzoni died on 1 December 2020 in Modena, Italy at the age of 82.
Brian Francis Kerr, Baron Kerr of Tonaghmore, (; 22 February 1948 – 1 December 2020) was a British politician and lawyer.  He was Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland and then as a Justice of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom from 2009 until his retirement in 2020. Until his retirement, Kerr was the longest serving Supreme Court Justice, and the last original member of the Court. Kerr died on 1 December 2020 at the age of 72.
Mohammad Maleki (; 11 July 1933 – 1 December 2020) was an Iranian academic and pro-democracy nationalist-religious activist. He was president of the University of Tehran for a short time in 1979. Maleki died of cancer and diabetes in Tehran on 1 December 2020 at the age of 87.
Erlend Rian (15 June 1941 – 1 December 2020) was a Norwegian politician. He was a member of the Conservative Party. He was editor-in-chief of the newspaper "Tromsø" from 1974 to 1979. He was mayor of Tromsø City from 1980 to 1995. Rian died on 1 December 2020 in Tromsø at the age of 79.
Henri Antoine Marie Teissier (21 July 1929 – 1 December 2020) was a French-Algerian Catholic prelate. He was the Bishop of Algiers and Archbishop Emeritus of Algiers from 1998 to 2008. He was born in Lyon, France. Teissier died on 1 December 2020 at a hospital in Lyon from problems caused by multiple strokes at the age of 91.
Mohamed Abarhoun (3 May 1989 2 December 2020) was a Moroccan professional footballer. He played as a defender. Abarhoun joined Portguese Primeira Liga club Moreirense in 2017. After two seasons he joined Turkish club Çaykur Rizespor. Abarhoun played nine games for the Morocco U20 team and eight for the Morocco U23 team, including three at the 2012 Summer Olympics. He made his senior international debut in 2013, earning 7 international caps. In February 2020, Abarhoun was diagnosed with stomach cancer. He died from the disease on 2 December 2020 in Istanbul, aged 31.
Hasna Begum (February 24, 1935 – December 1, 2020) was a Bangladeshi philosopher and feminist. She was a professor of philosophy at the University of Dhaka until her retirement in December 2000. Begum was born in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Begum was chair of the Department of Philosophy at the University of Dhaka from 1991 to 1994 and was appointed to the University Grants Commission (UGC) of Bangladesh's Rokeya Chair in 2010.  She was a board member of the International Association of Bioethics (IAB) from 1997 to 2005. She was a member of the editorial board of "Bioethics". Begum died at a Dhaka hospital on December 1, 2020 from COVID-19 at the age of 85.
Boris Grigoryevich Plotnikov (; 2 April 1949 – 2 December 2020) was a Soviet and Russian actor. His career began in 1970 and he retired in 2019. Plotnikov appeared in more than seventy movies and television series. He was born in Nevyansk, Soviet Union. His best known roles were as Sotnikov in the 1977 drama movie "The Ascent", as Nikolai in the 1988 crime movie "The Cold Summer of 1953" and as Ivan in the 1988 science fiction television movie "Heart of a Dog". Plotnikov died on 2 December 2020 in Moscow from COVID-19 at the age of 71.
Defection is when a person leaves their home country in a way the home country claims to be illegal. To the first country, they can be seen as traitors. It is a political label used by authoritarian countries. More broadly, it involves abandoning a person, cause, or doctrine to which one is bound by some tie. The tie may be one of allegiance or of duty. An example of this today are North Koreans who escape the country to live in a new country, such as South Korea or the United States. The North Korean government makes leaving the country without permission illegal, and punishments for this are extremely harsh. Escapees who are caught usually get sent to a prison camp or are publicly put to death. There have been around 33,000 defectors from North Korea since the North Korean famine.
Bullseye is the mascot of Target Corporation. It is a Bull Terrier that is used for Target's advertising and marketing starting in 1999. The dog has the Target logo on its left eye. The makeup used for the logo is natural and non-toxic.  There have been many Bull Terriers that have had the role of Bullseye. Only one dog works as Bullseye at a time until another one can get the role. Bullseye lives on a ranch next to Los Angeles. Its owner is dog trainer David McMillan. In 2004, Target asked the artist Amy Brazil to make a painting of Bullseye. Brazil made an 8 ft by 8 ft portrait of Bullseye. The portrait is now in Target's headquarters in Minnesota.
A spark plug also known as a "sparking plug", is a device used in delivering the electric current to the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber in an internal combustion engine. It us connected to the ignition coil and as the electricity flows through the coil, a voltage difference develops between the electrodes on the spark plug. This causes electricity to jump the gap, making a spark which ignites fuel.
Hyla orientalis (also known as the oriental tree frog, eastern tree frog, Caucasian tree frog or Shelkovnikov's tree frog) is a frog from both Europe and Asia. Scientists saw it in Turkey, Romania, Poland, Ukraine, Georgia, Russia, Iran, Azerbaijan and Armenia. It may also live in Greece. Scientists used to think this frog was part of "Hyla arborea" but they do not think so now.
A camera flash, sometimes called a strobe or just a flash, is a device used in photography to allow pictures to be taken of dark areas by producing a flash of very bright light. Flashes are often built into cameras, but external flashes are available and are mostly used by professional photographers, they can be mounted directly to the camera, or used 'off-camera' on a special stand or tripod. Flashes were first used in the late 1800's in the form of a stick with magnesium on the top that when burned would produce very bright light (the stick was held in the air, and the camera shutter released at the same time), later camera flashes used a special type of light bulb known as a flashbulb, and modern flashes use LED's or a special type of tube which emits a flash of mostly blue light when electricity is applied to it from the flash capacitor (known as a xenon flashtube). The use of a flash to take photographs is mostly known as 'flash photography'  The use of flashes is not allowed in some places where it may be annoying to other people or where the bright light could damage rare or very old objects (like paintings) such as in a museum.
George Ross Anderson Jr. (January 29, 1929 – December 1, 2020) was an American lawyer and politician. He was a Judge of the United States District Court for the District of South Carolina from 1980 until his retirement in 2016. He was nominated by President Jimmy Carter to the court. He also was a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1955 to 1956.  Anderson was born in Anderson, South Carolina. He was a Democrat. Anderson died on December 1, 2020 at a South Carolina nursing home at the age of 91.
The United States District Court for the District of South Carolina (in case citations, D.S.C.) is the federal district court. They cover the state of South Carolina.  Court is held in the cities of Aiken, Anderson, Beaufort, Charleston, Columbia, Florence, Greenville, and Spartanburg.
Hugh Keays-Byrne (18 May 1947 – 2 December 2020) was an English-Australian actor and movie director. He moved to Australia in 1973. He was known for his roles as Toad in the 1974 movie "Stone", Toecutter in the 1979 movie "Mad Max", and Immortan Joe in the 2015 movie "". He was born in Srinagar, then-British India. Keays-Byrne died on 2 December 2020 at a hospital in Gosford, New South Wales at the age of 73.
Arnie Paul Robinson Jr. (April 7, 1948 – December 1, 2020) was an American athlete. He won a bronze medal in the long jump at the 1972 Olympics and a gold medal in 1976. Robinson was born in San Diego, California. Robinson died on December 1, 2020 at the age of 72.
Walter Edward Williams (March 31, 1936 – December 1, 2020) was an American economist, commentator, and academic. He was the John M. Olin Distinguished Professor of Economics at George Mason University. He was known for his classical liberal and libertarian views. His writings frequently appeared on Townhall.com, "WND", and "Jewish World Review". He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Williams died on December 1, 2020, in Devon, Pennsylvania at the age of 84.
Chamalières (Auvergnat: "Chamalèira") is a commune in the Puy-de-Dôme department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in central France. Chamalières is the third-largest town in the department and lies about from Lyon.
Mahashian Di Hatti Private Limited, doing business as MDH, is an Indian spice producer and seller based in New Delhi, India.  It is the second largest leader in the Indian market with 12% market share, following S Narendrakumar's Everest Spices.
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of arthritis. There is a long-term inflammation of the joints of the spine.  Usually the joints where the spine joins the pelvis (the sacroiliac joints) are also affected. Eye and bowel problems may also occur. Pain in the back is a typical symptom of AS, and it often comes and goes. Stiffness of the affected joints usually gets worse over time. Ankylosing spondylitis inflames the sacroiliac joints located between the base of the spine and pelvis from there the disease starts and gradually captures the entire spinal cord and there is complete tilt in the body. Some of the bones in the spine fuse, this fusing makes the spine less flexible. If ribs are affected, it can be difficult to breathe deeply. What are the symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis? If the pain in the back bone lasts more than 3 months and the stiffness is more on getting up in the morning, then a rheumatologist should be seen as soon as possible.  In this disease, the bones of the spine are completely fused, ie, the bones joining in this disease become one bone in 8-10 years, which then means the patient can not get up, sit, walk, bend, twist of the neck. It shuts down and affects all day-to-day activities.
Koba Davitashvili (; July 31, 1971 – December 2, 2020) was a Georgian politician. He was a leader of the Georgian People's Party and co-founder of the United National Movement. He was a member of the Georgian Parliament between 1999 to 2006. Davitashvili died on December 2, 2020 in Tbilisi from ankylosing spondylitis, aged 49.
Franco Giraldi (11 July 1931 – 2 December 2020) was an Italian director and screenwriter. He was born in Comeno, Kingdom of Italy. He directed "Seven Guns for the MacGregors" (1966), "Sugar Colt" (1966) and "Up the MacGregors!" (1967). Giraldi died on 2 December 2020 in Trieste, Italy from problems caused by COVID-19 at the age of 89.
Warren Berlinger (August 31, 1937 – December 2, 2020) was an American actor. He was born in New York City. His career lasted from 1946 to 2016. He was best known for his roles in "The Joey Bishop Show", "The Cannonball Run" and in "The World According to Garp". Berlinger died on December 2, 2020 at a hospital in Santa Clarita, California at the age of 83.
Aldo Moser (7 February 1934 – 2 December 2020) was an Italian cyclist. Moser rode in 16 editions of the Giro d'Italia and 4 of the Vuelta a España, totaling in 20 Grand Tours. He was the older brother of Francesco Moser, Enzo Moser and Diego Moser. He was born in Giovo, Italy. Moser died on 2 December 2020 in Trento, Italy from COVID-19 at the age of 86.
Rafer Lewis Johnson (August 18, 1934 – December 2, 2020) was an American decathlete and actor. He was born in Hillsboro, Texas. Johnson was a silver medalist at the 1956 Summer Olympics and a gold medal at the 1960 Summer Olympics. He also played Mullens the DEA agent in the 1989 James Bond movie "Licence to Kill". In 1968, Johnson, football player Rosey Grier, and journalist George Plimpton tackled Sirhan Sirhan moments after he had fatally shot Robert F. Kennedy. Johnson died on December 2, 2020 at a Sherman Oaks, California hospital from a stroke, aged 86.
George Ames Plimpton (March 18, 1927 – September 25, 2003) was an American journalist, writer and editor. He was widely known for his sports writing and for helping to found "The Paris Review". He was born in New York City. Plimpton, along with former decathlete Rafer Johnson and American football star Rosey Grier, helped wrestle Sirhan Sirhan to the floor when Robert F. Kennedy was assassinated in 1968. Plimpton died on September 25, 2003 at his New York City apartment from a heart attack caused by supraventricular tachycardia, aged 76.
Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is an abnormally fast heart rhythm caused from improper electrical activity in the upper part of the heart.  There are four main types: atrial fibrillation, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT), atrial flutter, and Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome. Symptoms may include palpitations, feeling faint, sweating, shortness of breath, or chest pain.
Yuvensius Alfonsius Biakai (9 November 1956 – 5 November 2020) was an Indonesian politician. He was the Regent of Asmat from October 2005 to October 2015 . He was the first regent of Asmat.  Biakai died in Timika, Indonesia on 5 November 2020 from COVID-19 at the age of 63.
Franciscus Johannes "Frank" Erik Kramer (27 November 1947 – 1 December 2020) was a Dutch footballer. He played as a striker, television presenter and football commentator. Kramer was born in Amsterdam. His career lasted from 1970 to 1984.  Kramer played for Amsterdam, MVV Maastricht, Telstar, Volendam and Haarlem. He also made appearances on television sports networks as a commentator for AVRO and Eurosport. Kramer suffered from a stroke on his 73rd birthday and fell in a coma. He died four days later.
Thomas James Sandt (December 22, 1950 – December 1, 2020) was an American Major League Baseball player and coach. Sandt played for the Oakland Athletics in 1975 and 1976. He also coached the Florida Marlins during their 1997 World Series win. He was born in New York City. Sandt died on December 1, 2020 at his home in Lake Oswego, Oregon at the age of 69.