ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Sir Henry Cooper OBE KSG KB (3 May 1934–1 May 2011) was an English heavyweight boxer known for the power of his left hook. People called it "Enry's 'Ammer" (Henry's hammer). He knocked down Muhammad Ali early in Ali's career. Cooper held the British, Commonwealth and European heavyweight titles several times. He unsuccessfully challenged Ali for the world heavyweight championship in 1966.  After he retired from boxing, Cooper was a television and radio personality. He was popular in Britain. He was the first (and is today one of just three people) to twice win the public vote for BBC Sports Personality of the Year Award. He is the only boxer to be awarded a knighthood. He is also named as one of the great Londoners in the "London Song" by Ray Davies on his 1998 album The Storyteller. Cooper married an Italian Catholic woman and converted to her faith.
A Sierpinski triangle or Sierpinski triangle gasket is a fractal resulting from doing the following: If this is done, the first few steps will look like this: If this is done an infinite number of times, its area will be 0. They can also be 3D:
"My Life Would Suck Without You" is a song from American singer Kelly Clarkson. It was the first single from her fourth studio album, "All I Ever Wanted". It was her second number-one hit in Canada and the United States and her first chart-topper in the UK. This song was released on January 31, 2009. The song has the largest jump to number one in "Billboard" Hot 100 history. It was also the biggest leap on the chart ever until 2019, when Taylor Swift broke this record. "My Life Would Suck Without You" entered at #97 and moved to the top the following week. In 2017, in a radio interview with Z100 in New York City, Clarkson discussed Dr. Luke (who was involved in a lawsuit with singer Kesha for reported assault). She claimed: Clarkson also said that she usually asks for writing credits if she knows she created a fair-sized portion of a song. She says she lost "millions" of dollars in royalties by not being listed on the writing credits of the song.
The tawny owl or brown owl ("Strix aluco") is a stocky, medium-sized owl commonly found in woodlands across much of Eurasia. There are eleven recognised subspecies, and some variation in the colouring.  The nest is usually in a tree hole where it can protect its eggs and young against potential predators. This owl is resident through the year, and highly territorial. Many young birds starve if they cannot find a vacant territory once parental care ceases. This nocturnal bird of prey hunts mainly rodents, usually by dropping from a perch to seize its prey, which it swallows whole; in towns its diet includes a higher proportion of birds. Vision and hearing adaptations and silent flight aid its night hunting. The Tawny is capable of catching smaller owls, but is itself vulnerable to the Eagle owl or Northern Goshawk. Red foxes are an important cause of mortality in newly fledged young. Although many people believe this owl has exceptional night vision, its retina is no more sensitive than a human's. Rather, it is its asymmetrically placed ears that are key to its hunting. They give the Tawny owl excellent directional hearing. Like most owls, it hunts at night. It has a rather strange, but easily imitated, call.
Ocean acidification is the decrease in the pH (scale of acidity and alkalinity) and increase in acidity of the Earth's oceans. It is caused by the increase of carbon dioxide (CO2) that humans have put into the atmosphere. More than 30% of the carbon dioxide in the air goes into the oceans. Therefore, when carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increases, the carbon dioxide in the ocean increases, too. When carbon dioxide enters the oceans, it makes it more acidic. Problems. The skeletons and shells of many sea animals need what is known as calcium carbonate minerals. Due to ocean acidification, there are fewer of these minerals and there are species that could no longer produce or keep their shells. With more carbon dioxide in the ocean, this problem becomes worse and many species will be at risk. As a result, if humans continue to emit greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, ocean life will be in severe danger. Also, coral is at risk, as it is being eroded by the acid in the ocean. Between 1751 CE and 1994 CE the ocean's pH on the surface went from 8.25 to 8.1.
William Wallace "Wally" Barron (December 8, 1911 – November 12, 2002) was a Democratic politician in West Virginia. He was the state's 26th Governor from 1961 to 1965. He later went to jail for corruption. Barron's governorship was corrupt. Many officials were convicted of criminal charges including bribery, making false records, conspiracy and . In 1971 Barron was convicted of in an earlier trial. Barron was sentenced to 5 years in prison. He died on November 12, 2002 in Charlotte, North Carolina.
Imperial may mean: 1. The things associated with a country led by a powerful leader (an empire) or with that leader (Emperor) as a person. 2. A system of weights and measures (Imperial units) formerly used by the old British Empire, and in places it controlled or affected, including inches, feet, ounces, pounds, and other measurements which are frequently used by English-speaking people, as opposed the International System based on meters and liters.
was the 47th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. His reign started in 758 and ended in 764. Traditional narrative. Before he became the monarch, this prince's personal name ("imina") was Ōi"-shinnō" (Ōi-no-ō). The posthumous name of Emperor Junnin was given by Emperor Meiji. He was the seventh son of Prince Toneri, a son of Emperor Temmu. His father died when he was at the age of three, and he was given no rank nor office of the court. In the older Japanese documents, he was often referred as the . Events of Junnin's life. His fate was changed in 757 when Empress Kōken named him as her heir (crown prince). Junnin caused grain storage centers ("Jōheisō") to be established in the provinces. The government stored rice from the years of good harvests. This rice was used to control higher prices when harvests of rice were not good. The "Jōheisō" were abolished during the Kamakura period. After his death. The actual site of Junnin's grave is known. This emperor is traditionally venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine ("misasagi") at Awaji. The Imperial Household Agency designates this location as Junnin's mausoleum. It is formally named "Awaji no misasagi". In 1870, Emperor Meiji conferred the posthumous name and title by which he is now known. Era of Junnin's reign. The years of Junnin's reign are identified by a single era name.
Macaroni is a pasta food which is made of wheat and flour. It is from Italy. It is in the shape of a small tube. It can either be straight or curved. The curved type is called elbow macaroni. Macaroni is almost never eaten by itself. It is usually eaten with another food or covered in a sauce. A very popular type of macaroni is "Macaroni and cheese", which is macaroni covered in melted cheese. In Libya, macaroni is called Macroona Imbakbaka. Libya has Italian food because it used to be an Italian colony.
Fried chicken are pieces of chicken that have been either battered or floured and then pan fried, pressure fried or deep fried. The breading adds a crisper crust to chickens' exterior. The chicken is cut at the joints with the bones and skin being left. Some fast food restaurant chains serve fried chicken, most notably Kentucky Fried Chicken, Popeyes and Chick-fil-A. The term "fried chicken" was first used in the 1830s. Scottish people were the first European people who were frying chicken, they added battering and seasoned it with herbs an cayenne pepper. People in West Africa later added different seasonings. However, the first dish which was deep fried was fritters. Fritters were popular during the Middle Ages. Some fried chicken is marinated in buttermilk and pickle juice before battering. There is a racial stereotype that black people like eating fried chicken. There have been a number of public controversies about remarks that people have made about fried chicken and black people that have been considered racist.
Jon Meade Huntsman, Jr. (born March 26, 1960) is an American businessman, diplomat and politician. He was the 8th United States Ambassador to Russia from October 3, 2017 to October 3, 2019 for the Donald Trump administration. He was the 11th United States Ambassador to Singapore from September 22, 1992 through June 15, 1993. He served as the 16th Governor of Utah from January 3, 2005 through August 11, 2009. During the Barack Obama administration, Huntsman served as the United States Ambassador to China from August 28, 2009 through April 28, 2011. Huntsman ran for president in the 2012 United States presidential election, but lost the Republican nomination to Massachusetts Governor Mitt Romney. On March 8, 2017, Huntsman accepted a position as United States Ambassador to Russia under the nomination from President Donald Trump. He was sworn in on October 3, 2017. On August 6, 2019, Huntsman submitted his resignation letter to President Donald Trump as Ambassador to Russia, effective October 3, 2019. He unsuccessfully ran for Utah Governor again in the 2020 race. Early life. Huntsman was born in Palo Alto, California, but went to school in Salt Lake City, Utah. His father is businessman Jon Huntsman Sr.. He dropped out of high school to be in a rock band. Later, he got a G.E.D. and went to college at the Universities of Utah and Pennsylvania. Political career. After living in Taipei for a year, Huntsman served in the Reagan and Bush Administrations. He was Ambassador to Singapore when he was only 32. When Bill Clinton was President, Huntsman ran his family's multimillion-dollar chemical company. He served as George W. Bush's Ambassador to Indonesia and Deputy Trade Representative. In 2004, Huntsman was elected Governor of Utah. While in office, he cut taxes. While governor, most people in Utah approved of him. He was re-elected in 2008, but resigned as Barack Obama's Ambassador to China.
A Dame school was a private elementary school in English-speaking countries. The children were usually taught by women. The schools were most common from the 17th century to the 19th century. Most of these schools were in Britain, the United States, and Australia.  Britain. The Statistical Society of London found almost half of all children in Dame schools surveyed were only taught spelling. Few were taught mathematics and grammar. Dame schools became less common in Britain after the introduction of compulsory education in 1870.  North America. In North America, "dame school" is a name for a private school with a female teacher during the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries. The education at these schools could be good or very good. Most dame schools were in New England, where every child needed to be literate because of the laws. In the Southern colonies, there were not as many women who knew enough to teach the children. Motivated by their Puritan religion, some Austrailian women in 17th century opened small, private schools in their homes to teach reading to young children. All children needed to know their religion and how to read because of the Massachusetts School Law of 1642. This law was later made more important by the famous Old Deluder Satan Act. According to Puritan beliefs, Satan would try to keep people from understanding the Scriptures, therefore all children had to be taught how to read. For a small fee, women, often housewives or widows, offered to take in children to whom she would teach a little writing, reading, basic prayers, and religious beliefs. These women received pay in coin, home industries, alcohol, baked goods, and other valuables. Teaching materials generally included a hornbook, primer, Psalter, and Bible. Both girls and boys were provided education through the dame school system. Dame schools generally focused on the four R's of education-"Riting, Reading, Rithmetic, and Religion". In addition to primary education, girls in dame schools might also learn sewing, embroidery, and other "graces". Most girls received their only formal education from dame schools because of sex-segregated education in common or public schools during
A marine is a member of a military force. Marines specialize in military actions in other countries, such as amphibious warfare. Marines usually have strong links with the country's navy. The commander in the field is usually the commander of the fleet. Support for the marines such as medical, legal, and supplies come from the navy. The anchor is often used as a symbol for the marines. The word "marine" is from the English word "marine", meaning "of the sea", from the French "marin(e)", "of the sea" which was from the Latin "marinus" ("maritime"). The name "marine" means "navy" in French, Dutch, and German. Marine forces are usually part of the navy, but they can be part of the army or act on their own. In the past the marines have protected ships at sea. When ship crews were pressed (forced to serve) the marines protected the ship from mutiny. They would also board other ships during battle or capture prize ships. They carried out raids on the shore to help the navy. Marines would also take part in campaign ashore, to help the army. History. In the earliest days of naval warfare, there was little difference between sailors and soldiers on a warship. The oarsmen of Ancient Greek and Roman ships had to be able to fight the oarsmen of other ships. Armed soldiers were used on Greek ships to get on board enemy ships to fight their crews. The Roman Navy's two legions, I "Adiutrix" and II "Adiutrix", were among the first special naval infantry units. The first organized group of marines was created when Charles V first assigned the naval infantry of the "Compañías Viejas del Mar de Nápoles" (Naples Sea Old Companies) to the Escuadras de Galeras del Mediterráneo (Mediterranean Galley Squadrons) in 1537. This was the start of the current Spanish Navy Marines (Infantería de Marina) corps. The American Marine Corps began on 10 November 1775 in Tun Tavern, Philadelphia, just seven months before America declared
Pope Paul I (; 700 – 28 June 767) was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 94th Pope from May 29, 757 to June 28, 767. Early life. He was the brother of Pope Stephen II. Deacon. Paul was ordained as a Roman deacon. Pope. After Pope Stephen's death, Paul was elected in 757. Paul's papacy was troubled by disputes with the Lombards. He had good relations with Pepin, who was king of the Franks.
Richard John "Rick" Santorum (born May 10, 1958) is an American lawyer and politician. He served as the United States senator of Pennsylvania from 1995 to 2007. He ran for President of the United States in 2012 and in 2016. Early life. Santorum was born in Winchester, Virginia. He is of Italian American descent. He was raised in West Virginia, Butler, Pennsylvania, and Illinois. He went to college and to law school at Penn State University. Soon after, he became a lawyer in Pittsburgh. U.S. senate (1995-2007). Santorum served in the House of Representatives from 1991 to 1995. With the 1994 elections that elected many Republicans, he was elected to the United States Senate. He served in the Senate for two terms, from 1995 to 2007. In the Senate, Santorum was known for having very conservative views about abortion and gay marriage. Santorum lost in the 2006 election for a third term as a Senator to State Treasurer Bob Casey, Jr and C. Richard Semple II. After being in the Senate, he worked in a think tank and for Fox News. 2012 presidential campaign. In 2011 and 2012, Santorum ran for President of the United States in the Republican primaries. He based his campaign on social issues. He dropped out of the race in 2012. Today, Santorum writes a political column for the conservative news website World Net Daily. 2016 presidential campaign. Santorum announced his candidacy for the 2016 presidential election on May 27, 2015. He dropped out of the race on February 3, 2016 after poor polling numbers and loosing the Iowa caucuses. He later announced his endorsement for Marco Rubio. Personal life. Santorum married Karen Garver in 1990. Together, they have seven children.
Pope Paul II (; 23 February 1417 – 26 July 1471), born Pietro Barbo, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 212th Pope from 1464 until his death in 1471. Early life. Pietro Barbo was born in Venice. He was a nephew of Pope Eugene IV. Cardinal. Barbo became a cardinal in 1440. He was sometimes called the Venetian cardinal. Pope. Barbo was elected Pope on 30 August 1464; and he chose to be called Paul II. Pope Paul was involved in Italian and European political disputes. The Cardinals' right to wear the red biretta was granted by Paul II. After his death. The accounts of histories written soon after his death were unfavorable.
Tetration is the hyperoperation which comes after exponentiation. formula_1 means y exponentiated by itself, (x-1) times. List of first 4 natural number hyperoperations, the inverse of tetration is the super root shown in the example ' copies of ' combined by exponentiation, right-to-left. The above example is read as "the nth tetration of a".
Pope Paul IV (; 28 June 1476 – 18 August 1559), born Giovanni Pietro Carafa, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 221st Pope from 23 May 1555 until his death. Early life. Giovanni Pietro Carafa was born in Capriglia Irpina in a noble family of Naples. Bishop. Pope Leo X sent Carafa as ambassador to England and then as papal nuncio in Spain. In 1524, Pope Clement VII allowed Carafa to retire from diplomacy to head a monastery. Pope Paul III recalled him to Rome. Cardinal. In 1536, Carafa was made Cardinal and Archbishop of Naples. He reorganized the Roman Inquisition. Pope. Cardinal Carafa was elected popein 1555; and he chose to be called Paul IV. Pope Paul was involved in Italian and European political disputes. Pope Paul IV quarrelled with Philip II. of Spain, who sent the Duke of Alba with an army from Naples to invade the Papal States. At the gates of Rome, a peace was concluded in 1557. In the context of the Counter-Reformation, this pope supported the Inquisition in Italy. After his death. He was buried in St. Peter's Basilica but was later transferred to Santa Maria sopra Minerva.
A hyperoperation is a generalization of addition, multiplication, exponentiation, tetration, etc. They are often written using Knuth's up-arrow notation. Natural number level hyperoperations can be defined recursively as a piecewise function:  formula_1 This is used to express really large numbers while being able to write them.
"Marry the Night" is the fifth and final single off Lady Gaga's second studio album "Born This Way". It was written and produced by Gaga. "Marry the Night" is a dance-pop song influenced by house and electropop. It additionally combines elements of disco and rock, with a funk rock-inspired breakdown. The song's lyrics are an homage to New York City and to the city's nightlife. The song reached number 29 on the "Billboard" Hot 100, number 11 on the Canadian Hot 100, and number 16 on the UK Singles Chart. On March 27, 2012, the Recording Industry Association of America certified the song Gold for sales and shipments of over 500,000 copies in the US. Music video. The music video for the song has autobiographical elements, showing Gaga after she was dropped from Def Jam Records. The video starts off in a hospital, and shows scenes of the singer dancing on top of a car and with a dance troupe.
John Graham Mellor (21 August 1952 – 22 December 2002), better known by his stage name, Joe Strummer, was the co-founder, lyricist, rhythm guitarist and lead vocalist of the British punk rock band The Clash. He was also member of The 101ers, Latino Rockabilly War, The Mescaleros and The Pogues, in addition to his own solo music career. Strummer's work included acting, creating film scores, songwriting, radio broadcasting, and a position as a radio host. He is one of the most iconic figures of the British punk movement. He died of heart disease at his home in Broomfield, Somerset, England.
A premise is a statement which an argument claims will justify a conclusion. The proof of a conclusion depends on both the truth of the premises and the validity of the argument. Aristotelian logic. Aristotle held that any logical argument could be reduced to three premises and a conclusion. Premises are sometimes left unstated in which case they are called missing premises, for example: Socrates is mortal, since all men are mortal. It is understood that Socrates is a man. The fully expressed reasoning is thus: Since all men are mortal and Socrates is a man, Socrates is mortal. In this example, the first two independent clauses before the comma (namely, "all men are mortal" and "Socrates is a man") are the premises, while "Socrates is mortal" is the conclusion. Mathematical logic. In logic, an argument requires a set of two declarative sentences (or "propositions") known as the premises, with another declarative sentence (or "proposition") known as the conclusion. This structure of two premises and one conclusion forms the basic argumentative structure. More complex arguments can use a series of rules to connect several premises to one conclusion, or to derive a number of conclusions from the original premises. An example of this is the use of the rules of inference found within symbolic logic.
Illustrissimi ("To the Illustrious Ones") is a book written by Pope John Paul I when he was Patriarch of Venice.  The book is a collection of letters which were first published in the Italian Christian paper "Messaggero di S. Antonio" between 1972 and 1975. They were reprinted in book form in Italy in 1976.  The work was first published in English in 1978 when Cardinal Luciani was elected Pope, but it only reached the public after the death of John Paul I. The letters. The 40 letters in all are addressed to people in Italian history and fiction, including
The Space Launch System (SLS) is a NASA rocket. It is a super heavy-lift launch vehicle. It is the second most powerful rocket ever built, less powerful than Starship. The SLS is a replacement for the retired Space Shuttle. Many parts are modified versions of parts designed for the Space Shuttle. Others are new designs. The first flight with astronauts will be no earlier than April 2026. The planned flight is Artemis 3. Types. The Space Launch System comes in many different types meant to launch different kinds of missions. Block 1. The least powerful kind of the SLS is the Block 1. The core stage will use the parts of the Space Shuttle External Tank. It will also use four Space Shuttle Main Engines. The rocket boosters are connected to the sides are the 5-segment Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Boosters. The top stage will use is the Interim Cryogenic Propulsion Stage (ICPS). Block 1B. Block 1B is similar to the Block 1. The top stage will change with Exploration Upper Stage (EUS). A crew version and a cargo version will be made. Block 2. Block 2 is similar to Block 1B. The 5-segment SRBs will be changed with advanced boosters.
Knuth's up-arrow notation is a way of expressing very big numbers. It was made by Donald Knuth in 1976. It is related to the hyperoperation sequence. The notation is used in Graham's number.  One arrow represents exponentiation, 2 arrows represent tetration, 3 for pentation, etc.: This notation is used to describe the incredibly large Graham's Number.