ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Mary Anna Randolph Custis Lee (1 October 1808 – 5 November 1873) was the wife of Confederate Army military officer Robert E. Lee. She was also his third cousin. They married at her parents' home, and had seven children together. Life. She was born in Clarke County, Virginia on 1 October 1808; although her birth appears in the Custis family Bible and in records kept by her mother to have happened in 1807. She was born at the Annefield plantation when her mother's coach stopped there during a journey. She was well educated, having learned both Latin and Greek. She liked talking about politics with her father and later her husband. She kept current with all the new literature. After her father died, she edited and published his writings as "Recollections and Private Memoirs of Washington, by his adopted son George Washington Parke Custis, with a Memoir of this Author by his Daughter" in 1859. She was a small but spirited woman. She knew her third cousin, Robert E. Lee, since childhood. She also dated Governor of Texas, Sam Houston. Mary and Robert were married at her parents' home, Arlington House, on 30 June 1831. They had three sons and four daughters together: George Washington Custis "Custis", William H. Fitzhugh "Rooney", Robert Edward Jr., Mary, Eleanor Agnes (called Agnes), Anne, and Mildred Lee. When the American Civil War began, her husband Robert and their sons were all called to service in Virginia. She didn't evacuate her home until 15 May 1861. Robert wrote to his wife saying: War is inevitable, and there is no telling when it will burst around you . . . You have to move and make arrangements to go to some point of safety which you must select. The Mount Vernon plate and pictures ought to be secured. Keep quiet while you remain, and in your preparations . . . May God keep and preserve you and have mercy on all our people. After the war, the Lees lived in Powhatan County for a short time before moving to Lexington. Robert E. Lee would become the
Captain Patrick DeLacy (November 25, 1835 – April 27, 1915) was an American soldier. He fought in the American Civil War. DeLacy received the Medal of Honor. It is the United States highest award for bravery in combat. He got the medal for his action during the Battle of the Wilderness in Virginia on 6 May 1864. He was given the award on 24 April 1894. Biography. DeLacy was born in Carbondale, Pennsylvania on 25 November 1835. He enlisted into the 143rd Pennsylvania Infantry. He was promoted from private to sergeant major to lieutenant before he got out of the army in June, 1865. He was promoted to the rank of Captain after he died and after the war on June 8, 1987. This was due to the work of Elizabeth Hicks Jaquinot. He died on 27 April 1915 and his remains are interred at Saint Catherine's Cemetery in Moscow, Pennsylvania. He got his Medal of Honor on 6 May 1864 when he shot a Confederate color bearer and took the flag of the 1st South Carolina Infantry regiment.
Norman Francis Bates (November 6, 1839 - October 16, 1915) was an American soldier. He got the Medal of Honor for valor during the American Civil War. The Medal of Honor is the highest military award of the United States. Biography. Bates served in the American Civil War. He was in the 4th Iowa Cavalry for the Union Army. He got the Medal of Honor on June 17, 1865 for his actions at Columbus, Georgia. Medal of Honor citation. Citation: Capture of flag and bearer
Carbondale is a city in Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania. Carbondale is located in Northeastern Pennsylvania. It is about 15 miles northeast of Scranton. The population was 8,828 at the 2020 census. The land area that became Carbondale was developed by William and Maurice Wurts. They were the founders of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company. The company mined anthracite coal mining in the early 19th century. Carbondale was the site of the first deep vein anthracite coal mine in the United States. It was also a major terminal of the Delaware and Hudson Railroad.
States' rights is a belief found in the United States Constitution in which some rights are reserved for state governments and may not be changed by the federal government. They are also protected by the Tenth Amendment as part of the Bill of Rights. The discussion over states' rights is the oldest constitutional debate in the United States. People are still debating about it. History. States' rights, meaning the sovereignty and independence of individual US states, was guaranteed in the Articles of Confederation, the precursor to the US Constitution. It stated that the individual states "hereby severally enter into a firm league of friendship with each other, for their common defense, the security of their liberties, and their mutual and general welfare". The articles created a weak central government with most of the power being kept by the individual states. Within a short time, it was realized that a stronger central government and a constitution was needed. States' rights were debated at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia in 1787. The question was the main point of debates between the Federalists and Anti-Federalists while the Constitution was being ratified. Fueled mainly by the issue of slavery, the question came up during the 1820s and the 1830s, when the United States was expanding westward. Southern states wanted the new territories to allow slavery. Northern states wanted the territory to be free of slavery. As the North's economy grew and the South's economy stalled, the two began moving farther apart on the issue. By the 1840s and 1850s, both had adopted extreme positions, which were based on the morality of slavery and economic self-interests. As long as both North and South had equal representation in the US Senate, neither side could dictate to the other. However, with each new state applying for statehood, the balance of power was threatened. In the 1850s, the issue of secession was raised again. The South made the argument was that when it agreed to join the United States in the late 1780s, it kept the power to cancel the agreement. South Carolina threatened to secede unless the Senate passed a constitutional amendment to give the South “the power she possessed of protecting herself before
Lampeter (), also known locally as "Llambed", is a town and community in Ceredigion, Wales. In 2011, it had a population of 2,970 people. It is the United Kingdom's smallest university town. Its population makes it Ceredigion's third-largest settlement, after Aberystwyth and Cardigan. The town's Welsh name "Pont Steffan" means "Stephen's Bridge". Lampeter is best known as being the founding place of the Free Wales Army, a paramilitary organisation that wanted independence for Wales. Twinning. Lampeter is twinned with:
Obergesteln is a village and former municipality in the district of Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Obergesteln, Oberwald and Ulrichen merged into the new municipality of Obergoms.
Oberwald is a village and former municipality of the district of Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Oberwald, Obergesteln and Ulrichen merged into the new municipality of Obergoms.
Champex-Lac or Champex is a village of the canton of Valais in Switzerland. Champex-Lac is in the municipality of Orsières. Champex is also a small ski-resort.
A scripting or script language is a programming language that supports scripts. Scripts are usually short computer programs that do steps that could be done one at a time by a person. This automates a job to make it easier and more reliable. A scripting language is often a simpler language, and easier to learn than other languages, but still can do many things. Scripts may run inside of another program, like in a web browser or Microsoft Excel. They may also be a "shell" that runs from a command line interface and makes calls to the operating system (OS). The shell is considered "interactive" - the user can choose what to type, and the shell responds to the command. These can be used to control jobs on mainframes and servers. Some people say a scripting language must be tied to a specific use. Others use a wider definition and include general-purpose programming languages that are interpreted, not compiled. "General-purpose" means it can be used in many ways for different things. Some general-purpose languages (such as Java) have variations that can be scripted . There is no specific rule on what is, or is not, a scripting language. Examples. Some common examples of scripting languages: Characteristics. Most scripting languages are made to be easy to learn. They often can be either short files with source code, or entered one command at a time in a command line interface, which has a read–eval–print loop (REPL, language shell). This usually means a simple set of commands. There might not be functions or a "main", it just runs from start to finish. If something doesn't work, a programmer can make quick changes and run it again. This makes a scripting language good for making a "rapid prototype" to see if an idea works. For example, most people do not call Java a scripting language, because of its lengthy syntax and rules about which classes exist in which files, and because Java cannot be executed interactively in a REPL. It needs files with source code, and they can only contain definitions that must be used by a host application or application launcher. (Java is not the same as JavaScript). But Python allows choices - functions can be put in a file, it can be run
Reckingen-Gluringen was a municipality, in the new municipality of Goms and the district Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. On 1 January 2004, the former municipalities of Reckingen and Gluringen merged into the new municipality of Reckingen-Gluringen.
Ulrichen is a village and former municipality of the district Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Ulrichen, Obergesteln and Oberwald merged into the new municipality of Obergoms.
Emilia Lanier (1569-1645) was an English poet, the author of only one book of poems named (in Latin) "Salve Deus Rex Judaeorum". Biography. Emilia Lanier was the first woman in England who published a sepatate book of poems. Her name and surname were written in many ways, Emilia, Aemilia, Amelia, Lanier or Lanyer. She was born in the beginning of 1569. She was baptised on 27 January 1569. She was partly of Italian origin. Her father was Baptist Bassano. He was a musician. He came from Venice. Her mother was Margaret Johnson. For some years she was in informal relation with Henry Carey. He was a cousin and chamberlain of the queen Elizabeth the Great. She got pregnant. She married her cousin Alphonso Lanyer, who was a musician like her father. In 1593 she gave birth to her son Henry who was named after his father, Henry Carey. In 1598 she gave birth to a daughter, Odillya, who lived for only ten months. The poet lived with her son's family. In 1623 he married Joyce Mansfield. Emilia Lanier had two grandchildren, Mary (born 1627) and Henry (born 1630). Works. Emilia Lanier published her collection of poems in 1611. It contains pieces of religious poetry. They differ from each other in the field of poetic form. Emilia Lanier used many stanzas, build of six lines (rhymed ababcc), seven lines (ababacc or ababbcc that is rhyme royal) or eight lines (abababcc that is ottava rima). Emilia Lanier or Dark Lady. Emilia Lanier is considered to be the Dark Lady of William Shakespeare's sonnets. John Hudson suggests that she was the real author of some Shakespeares plays.
"Satyameva Jayate" ( ; lit. "Truth alone triumphs.") is a "mantra" from the ancient Indian scripture "Mundaka Upanishad". Upon independence of India, it was adopted as the national motto of India. It is inscribed in script at the base of the national emblem. The emblem and the words "Satyameva Jayate" are inscribed on one side of all Indian currency. The emblem is an adaptation of the Lion Capital of Ashoka which was erected around 250 BCE at Sarnath, near Varanasi in the north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is inscribed on all currency notes and national documents.
Angioedema is swelling that is similar to hives, but the swelling is under the skin instead of on the surface. Hives are often called welts. They are a surface swelling. It is possible to have angioedema without hives. Causes. Angioedema may be caused by an allergic reaction. During the reaction, histamine and other chemicals are released into the bloodstream. The body releases histamine when the immune system detects a foreign substance called an allergen. In most cases, the cause of angioedema is never found. The following may cause angioedema: Hives and angioedema may also occur after infections or with other illnesses (including autoimmune disorders such as lupus, leukemia, and lymphoma). A form of angioedema happens in families and has different triggers, complications, and treatments. This is called hereditary angioedema.
Institut d'études politiques de Saint-Germain-en-Laye is a special university in France. The school is in Saint-Germain-en-Laye. It was created in 2013. It is a specialist in the fields of economics, administration, social sciences and politics.
Obergoms is a municipality of the district of Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. On 1 January 2009, the former municipalities of Obergesteln, Oberwald and Ulrichen merged into the new municipality of Obergoms.
The Ain (in Franco-Provençal: En) is a river in eastern France. It is a right tributary of the Rhône river. It gave its name to the French department of Ain. Geography. The Ain river has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of . Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is at Chazey-sur-Ain in the Ain department. Course. The source of the Ain is a "karst spring" (a spring that is part of a karst system) in the Jura mountains, between the Conte an the La Favière "communes" (Jura department), at an altitude of about . From here, the Ain flows to the south. The Ain river flows through 2 regions, 2 departments and 66 "communes". It flows through the following "communes", among others: Finally, it flows into the Rhône river in the "commune" of Saint-Maurice-de-Gourdans, on the border with the Isère department. Main tributaries. The main tributaries of the Ain river are: Left tributaries: Right tributaries:
WSTRN is an English West London singing group consisting of Akelle Charles, Louis Rei and Haile.  They are known because of their debut song, "In2", which was released on 13 October 2015 and peaked at number 4 on the UK Singles Chart. Louis Rei was formerly known as LB, Akelle was formerly known as A-Star and is Haile's cousin.
peanuts skeleton is the internal framework of the body. It is made up of about 300 bones at birth. As some bones join together, there are 406a bones in adulthood. The bones are at their strongest around age 20. The human skeleton can be divided into the "axial skeleton" and the "appendicular skeleton". The axial skeleton is formed by the vertebral column, the rib cage, the skull and other associated bones. The appendicular skeleton, which is attached to the axial skeleton, is formed by the shoulder girdle, the pelvic girdle and the bones of the upper and lower limbs. The human skeleton performs six major functions. These are: support, movement, protection, production of blood cells, storage of minerals, and endocrine regulation. The male and female skeletons are not so different as those of many other primates. There are subtle differences between sexes in the morphology of the skull, teeth, long bones, and pelvis. In general, female skeletal elements tend to be smaller and less robust than corresponding male elements. The human female pelvis is different from that of males in order to facilitate child-birth. The hips on a female are proportionately wider than males, and so the ball joints at the top of the legs are set more apart than in males. This, and the pelvic shape, gives a birth channel which allows the newborn foetus to pass through. The critical factor is the baby's head, which is much larger than in other primates. Unlike most primates, human males do not have penile bones. This is an adaptation to the human upright stance.
Didier Guillemot (born in 1960) is a French doctor, specialized in infection. He was President of the "Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines" from May 2016 to Septembre 2017. Graduate from the Paris Diderot University in innovation and public health, he starts his career at Inserm in 1994. He moved to Institut Pasteur in 2001. He worked on the HIV. On April 2016, he was elected President of the "Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines", succeeding Jean-Luc Vayssière. He left his in September 2017 for health reasons.
Blessed Joseph Gérard, OMI (March 12, 1831 – May 29, 1914) was a French Catholic missionary.  Gérard mostly worked among the Basotho people of modern-day Lesotho and the Free State province of South Africa. Gérard was beatified by Pope John Paul II on September 15, 1988. His feast day is on May 29.
Ambattur is a neighbourhood place of Northern Chennai. It is located in the Ambattur taluk of the Chennai Corporation, Tamil Nadu. It was added in the part of the Chennai Corporation in the year 2011. It is one of the fast growing residential area in the Chennai Corporation. The area of the place is 45 km2.The neighbourhood is served by the Ambattur Railway Station. In the time of 1960s Ambattur was a village with large extends of agricultural lands. The Ambattur Lake supported the irrigational purpose.The growth of the village heightened when the Ambattur industrial estate was established in the year 1964. It was said that the place has got its name of Ambattur from the Tamil words (ஐம்பத்து ஊர்) becvause this place was the colloboration of 50 places. The population of this area in 2011 is 466,205 with a sex ratio of 985 per 1000 males and literacy rate of 82%.
T21, originally T2 is a diesel-hydraulic locomotive operated by Swedish State Railways () and Nora Bergslags Järnväg (NBJ) of Sweden. 60 units were built during the 1950s by Maschinenbau Kiel and Svenska Järnvägsverkstäderna based on the German DB Class V65. The T21 was technically identical with the MaK 800D. The T21 was used to replace steam locomotives on branch lines. They were used until the 1990s. The order consisted of 56 locomotives, of which ten were to be built in Sweden with a Swedish hydraulic shift, designated T3, later T22. The shift did not work particularly well, and only four were delivered, the rest with a German shift. Later two units were rebuilt to T21s. NBJ bought four T21 units in 1963.
The Vossloh DE 18 is a Bo-Bo diesel-electric locomotive. It is the first new diesel-electric locomotive to be built in Kiel since production of the DE 1002 ended in 1993. Up to 60% of the components are shared with the diesel-hydraulic G 18. Operations. The prototype locomotive was shown together with the smaller, diesel-hydraulic G 12 on InnoTrans 2010. The launch customer for the DE 18 was BASF, ordering 2 DE 18 locomotives for services at its plants in December 2011.
The SNCF Class BB 61000 diesel locomotives were built by Vossloh to their G1206 design between 2002-2005 for the French state railways. Twenty three locomotives were built, numbered 61001-61023. As they are operated by the freight sector, the locomotives carry a '4' prefix (i.e. they are numbered 461001-461023). These are the second locomotives to be numbered in this range, the first being the Class C 61000 (+ TC 61100).
SNCF 040.DF was a class of one prototype diesel-hydraulic locomotive built for the SNCF built in 1952 by Renault. In 1962 it was renumbered from 040.DF.1 to BB 60041. Like the 060.DA, it was delivered in a livery of dark green with a yellow stripe.
The SNCF Class BB 7200 is a 1.5 kV DC electric locomotive. It is operated by the SNCF in France. The BB 7200 are part of the "Nez Cassé" family of locomotives. SNCF Class BB 15000 is the alternating current (AC) version. The Class BB 22200 is a dual-voltage version. They are numbered to show that the DC and AC class make the dual-voltage locomotives (7200 + 15000 = 22200). Another similar model is the NS Class 1600. It is operated in the Netherlands. It is a DC locomotive based on the BB 7200. Locomotive numbers 7209, 7210, 7308 and 7348 have all been destroyed in accidents. The class are numbered 7201 - 7440. Some have cast plates. In 2012 and 2013, the locomotives numbered 7311, 7312, 7314, 7325, 7327, 7330m 7332, 7335, 7337, 7339, 7341 and 7342 were modified. They became BB 7600 locomotives. They were operated on the Transilien Paris – Montparnasse line. Names. Some of the class carry the name of a city in France:
Regional parliaments of Russia are the legislative/parliamentary bodies of power in the regions of Russia (Republics, Krais, Oblasts, Autonomous okrugs and Federal Cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg), which have different names, often collectively referred to in the media as regional parliaments.  The federal structure of Russia includes 83 regional parliaments. The biggest regional parliament is the State Assembly of Bashkortostan which consists of 120 deputies. The smallest one is the Assembly of Deputies of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug which consists of 11 deputies. Parties in Each Parliament. In the table are marked in bold parliaments, elected solely by the proportional system.
Crêt de la Neige is a high mountain in the "commune" of Thoiry. It is the highest peak in the Jura Mountains and the department of Ain in France. It is in the Jura Mountains Regional Natural Park (). Geography. Crêt de la Neige is between the "communes" of Lélex (to the northwest) and Thoiry (to the southeast) in the Ain department. It is found in the "Haute Chaîne", the most eastern and highest chain of the French Jura mountains; it is in the "Pays de Gex" (the Arrondissement of Gex, Ain department), about to the northwest of the city of Geneva. The Crêt de la Neige is surrounded by the plain of the "Pays de Gex" to the east and the Valserine valley (a valley among the Jura mountains formed by the Valserine river) to the west. From the summit (or near the summit because it is covered with shrubs and trees), it is possible to see Geneva and the "Pays de Gex" and there is a 360° view over the Lake Geneva, the Valserine valley, La Dôle (a peak of the Jura mountains that is in Switzerland) and the Alps. On a clear day, it is possible to see the Vosges mountains and the Black Forest. Elevation. In the past, the official elevation given for the Crêt de la Neige was , and so it appears in old maps, only higher than the near peak of Reculet . But recent studies made by the Institut géographique national (IGN) in Villeurbanne found that the true altitude of the Crêt de la Neige is above sea level. In 2024, a team of researchers locates the actual highest peak in a protected area and measures its elevation at 1720.83 m, while they found the geodetic marker at Crêt de la Neige at 1718.06 m elevation. Getting there. The easiest route to get to the Crêt de la Neige is from the Tiocan lookout point that is beyond Thoiry.
During the 2016 United States presidential election on November 8, in the state of California, all 55 electoral votes were for Democrat, Hillary Clinton because 61.7% of people in the state voted for her. Presidential. Polling. The following are poll results from www.realclearpolitics.com All polls showed that Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton had a big lead. Primaries. Democratic. By county. Again, yellow is a victory for Clinton while green is a victory for Sanders.