ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
A balanced circuit is a way to connect electronic systems together so that they can exchange electrical signals (like sound) while avoiding interference. To do this, one uses a cable with two or more wires. The cable is "balanced" if the impedances of the two wires are the same. This causes the noise to be common-mode (the same on both wires). Since it is easy to remove common-mode noise, a balanced circuit is a good way to keep noise out of electronic systems. When used to send sound, balanced cables use XLR connectors or phone connectors. Balanced circuits first became common in early 20th century telephone lines.
Commodore VIC-20 was a home computer released in 1980. It was made by Commodore Business Machines. It was the first computer that sold over one million units. The Commodore VIC-20 was powered by a 6502 CPU, running at 1 MHz. Though the system had 5KB of RAM, users only had access to about 3.5KB for BASIC programs. It had no internal data storage, but could store programs on standard audio tapes. Later, it could use 5.25 inch floppy disks as well. In early 1985 this computer was discontinued.
Flight is a 2012 drama and action movie directed by Robert Zemeckis. It stars Denzel Washington, Kelly Reilly, Melissa Leo, Don Cheadle, and John Goodman. It got positive reviews. Movie critic Roger Ebert gave the movie four out of four stars. It was released on November 2, 2012. It was nominated for two Academy Awards.
Jessica Kelly Siobhán Reilly (born 18 July 1977) is an English actress. She is known for her roles in "Eden Lake", "Sherlock Holmes", "After Miss Julie", "", and "Flight".  Reilly was born on 18 July 1977 in Surrey, England. She has been married to Kyle Baughner since 2012.
Richard I of Normandy (933–996), also known as Richard the Fearless (French, "Sans Peur"), was the "Duke of Normandy" from 942 to 996. Richard made Normandy into a feudal society where he owned all the land. His followers held on to the lands given them by remaining loyal to him. He made Normandy a much stronger a power in western France. Early career. Richard was the son of William Longsword, princeps or ruler of Normandy. His mother's name was Sprota. She was a Breton prisoner captured in war who William later married. William Longsword was told of the birth of a son after the battle with Riouf and other viking rebels. But he kept this a secret until a few years later. When he first met his son he kissed him and made him the heir to Normandy. William then sent Richard to be cared for in Bayeux. When his father died, Richard was only 10 years old (he was born in 933). King Louis IV of France decided to take charge of Normandy himself. The king placed the young duke in the custody of the count of Ponthieu. Then the king gave the lands in lower Normandy to Hugh the Great. Louis kept Richard a prisoner at Lâon. Fearing the king was going to harm the boy Osmond de Centville, Bernard de Senlis (who had been a companion of Richard's grandfather Rollo), Ivo de Bellèsme, and Bernard the Dane freed Richard. Duke of Normandy. In 946, Richard agreed to be a ward of Hugh, Count of Paris. He then allied himself with the Norman and Viking leaders. Together they drove Louis out of Rouen and took back Normandy by 947. In 962 Theobald I, Count of Blois, attacked Rouen. But Richard's army defeated them. Lothair king of West Francia stepped in to prevent any more war between the two. For the rest of his reign Richard chose not to make Normandy bigger. Instead he worked on making Normandy stronger. Richard used marriages to build strong alliances. His marriage to Emma gave him
Betsy Ross (January 1, 1752 – January 30, 1836) is widely known as making the first American flag. There is, however, no evidence that the story is true.
Spherical geometry is the use of geometry on a sphere. It was started for cartography, as well as for making maps of stars. It is different from Euclidean geometry (which is always on a plane), and Non-Euclidean geometry. Points are defined in the same way as they are in Euclidean geometry: A point is at a defined location on the sphere. A "straight line" is different though: It is the shortest path between two points, which stays on the surface of the plane. Some theorems of Euclidean geometry cannot be used on the sphere, many of them have been adapted though.
The SPAD S.XII is a French fighter aircraft of World War I. It was used by French pilots, but also by Belgians, British, and American pilots. More than 8400 examples were built. Reference. 1.SPAD S.XII Reference book. Link to Book publisher.
The Cotentin Peninsula (\kō-ˌtäⁿ-ˈtaⁿ\), also known as the Cherbourg Peninsula, is a peninsula in Normandy that is part of the coast of France. It extends in a northwest direction into the English Channel. To its west are the Channel Islands and to the southwest is the Brittany Peninsula. It is in the Departement of Manche, in the region of Normandy. The largest town is Cherbourg on the north coast. Cherbourg is a major port on the English Channel. The west coast of the Cotentin known as "Côte des Îles" ("Islands Coast") faces the Channel Islands. Ferry links serve Carteret, and the islands of Jersey, Guernsey and Alderney from the port of Dielette. History. The peninsula formed part of what the Romans called Armorica. Coutances was the capital of the Unelli, a Gaulish tribe. It got its name "Constantia" in 298 during the reign of Roman emperor Constantius Chlorus. Under the Carolingians it became known as the Cotentin and was controlled by viscounts. For some time these were members of the Saint-Sauveur family. They lived at Saint-Sauveur on the Douve river. In the ninth century, Vikings settled the Cotentin, which became part of Normandy in the early tenth century. Many place names there come from the Norse language. Examples include La Hague, and La-Hougue both derived from the Old Norse word "haugr" meaning a hill or mound. Until the construction of modern roads, the peninsula was almost inaccessible in winter because of marshland cutting off the higher ground. This explains occasional historical references to the Cotentin as an island. King Alan the Great of Brittany waged war successfully on the Norsemen. As the result of his conquests, the Cotentin Peninsula was included in the territory of the Duchy of Brittany. After his death, the Norsemen invaded and occupied Brittany from 907 to 939. While they were eventually expelled by Alan's grandson, Alan II, Duke of Brittany, the subsequent rulers of Brittany were weaker than Alan the Great. The succeeding D
The Division of Northern Melbourne was an Australian Electoral Division in the state of Victoria. It was one of the first 75 divisions set up for the first Federal election in 1901. It was located in the inner northern suburbs of Melbourne, including the suburbs of Carlton, North Melbourne and Fitzroy. It was abolished in 1906 when the boundaries were redrawn and mostly replaced by the Division of Batman. Members. The division was held by one member, H. B. Higgins. Higgins was Attorney General from 1904 to 1905. He was appointed a Justice of the High Court of Australia in 1906. Isaac Selby, who was an unsuccessful candidate in the 1901 election, became famous in 1905 when he tried to shoot a judge during a court case in San Francisco.
Soups have been made since ancient times. This page lists a selection of well-known soups from the various cuisines around the world. They are sorted by the type of soup. Some soups are served with large chunks of meat or vegetables left in the liquid; these are categorised below as "chunky". A broth is a flavoured liquid usually made from boiling a meat and bone or vegetable for a period of time in a stock. A common type of broth is consommé. A potage is a category of thick soups, stews or porridges. In some of them, meat and vegetables are boiled together with water until they turn into a thick mush. Bisques are creamy soups traditionally made with shellfish, but can be made with any type of seafood. The base of cream soups is dairy. Chowders are thick soups usually containing some type of starch. Coulis were originally meat juices, and now are thick purees. Some soups are only ever served cold, and other soups can be served cold as an option.
Fedor Jeftichew, better known as Jo-Jo the Dog-Faced Boy (1868 - January 31, 1904) was a Russian sideshow performer. Like his father, Adrien, with whom he performed, Jo-Jo was afflicted with hypertrichosis, an abnormal growth of hair over the face and body. Jo-Jo was covered with long, silky hair and was said to resemble a Skye terrier. Jo-Jo was born in St Petersburg, Russia in 1868. He began touring Europe in 1873. He was five feet eight inches tall, had only four or five teeth, and spoke Russian, German, and a little English. He dressed like a Russian cavalryman. He would bark at an audience, and would perform as often as 23 times a day. In 1886, he was making US$500 a week. Jo-Jo toured Europe and Russia, playing in fairgrounds. He was discovered by Charles Reynolds in London, England. Jo-Jo was performing with his father, Adrien, who resembled a poodle. Reynolds realized the Dog-Faced Boy could be presented in a more professional manner. He took the boy to the United States on the "City of Chicago" on 12 October 1884. A press conference was called. Journalists were allowed to pull Jeftichew's hair to be assured it was real and not pasted on. The "New York Herald" described Jeftichew as "the most extraordinary and absorbingly interesting curiosity that has ever reached these shores." In 1884, Jeftichew signed with P. T. Barnum. Barnum stated (falsely) that Jo-Jo was captured by a hunter in the wilds of central Russia. Barnum advertised him as "the most prodigious paragon of all prodigies secured by P. T. Barnum in fifty years. The Human Skye Terrier, the crowning mystery of nature's contradictions." He toured Europe with Barnum and Bailey's Greatest Show on Earth in 1901 and 1902. He died in Greece in 1904 while on tour of pneumonia. He was the subject of a song recorded by Annette Funicello in the 1960s and was referenced in an episode of the television series, "Buffy the Vampire Slayer".
Epiphany is a Christian holiday or festival on January 6. It celebrates the revelation of the Christ child to the Gentiles, when the Magi ("wise men") visited Bethlehem to see Jesus, by following a star. It is recorded in the Gospel of Matthew, chapter 2. Epiphany is included in the Christmas time.
Ranua is a municipality in Finland. As of 2013, almost 4,200 people lived there. Neighbouring municipalities are Ii, Simo, Tervola, Rovaniemi, Posio and Pudasjärvi. As of January 2014, there were almost 4,150 people living in Ranua.  Lakes. Simojärvi, Näskäjärvi, Penämönjärvi, Impiönjärvi and Ranuanjärvi. There is also many smaller lakes in the area.
Posio is a municipality in Finnish Lapland. As of January 2014, about 3,660 people lived there. The settlements Rovaniemi, Kemijärvi, Ranua, Salla, Kuusamo, Taivalkoski and Pudasjärvi are near to Posio. Riisitunturi National Park is in Posio.
The Magi or the Three Wise Men are people in Christianity. They were "wise men from the east" who came to Jerusalem during the reign of Herod: 'saying, Where is he that is born King of the Jews?' ( Gospel of Matthew chapter 2 verse 1) Their visit to Jesus, guided by the Star of Bethlehem is celebrated every year at Epiphany on January 6, just after Christmas. The Epiphany marks the end of the liturgical season 'Christmas'. India is east of Israel, and some say that the Magi could have come from India. At the time of Jesus there were many spiritual seekers there. In India, Christian celebrations of Christmas sometimes include the arrival of the Magi on camels. An Armenian tradition says the "Magi of Bethlehem" were Balthasar of Arabia, Melchior of Persia, and Caspar of India.
Tornio ("") is a town in Lapland, Finland. As of January 2014, the municipality had a population of almost 22,400. Neighbouring municipalities are Kemi, Keminmaa, Tervola and Ylitornio. Bordering Tornio in Sweden is Haparanda. Lot of discusion have been about waste water systems with Haparanda. Culture: The natioanal museum is in the city; The museum has Finland's most famous political painting.
Inari is a municipality in Lapland. As of 2013, about 6,730 people lived there. Neighbouring municipalities are Enontekiö, Kittilä, Sodankylä and Utsjoki. The largest urban area in Inari is Ivalo. Culture: The museum, Sámi Museum Siida, won the "European museum of the year" award (2024). Geography. Inari covers more area than any other municipality in Finland. Lake Inari is in Inari. There are also over 8,000 other lakes. That is why the size of the municipality is so large. The River Vaskojoki is located in western Inari. It flows to the lake Paateri.
Enontekiö is a municipality in Lapland, Finland. As of 2013, about 1,890 people lived there. Neighbouring municipalities are Inari, Kittilä and Muonio. National park: Part of the Pallas-Yllästunturi National Park, is in Enontekiö. History. Enontekiö shares a border with Norway and Sweden. The point where the borders of Finland, Norway and Sweden meet is Treriksröset. This is located about 10 km west of Kilpisjärvi village. A monument was built at Treriksröset in 1926. It replaced an earlier monument built of stone in 1897.
Pukkila is a municipality in Finland. As of 2013, about 2,040 people lived there. The municipalities next to it are Orimattila, Myrskylä, Askola and Mäntsälä. The municipality of Pukkila was established in 1898. Some villages. Kantele, Naarkoski, Savijoki (Pukkila), Syvänoja (Pukkila) and Torppi (Pukkila).
The 2012 Pacific hurricane season was started on 15 May 2012 in the eastern Pacific, and on 1 June 2012 in the central Pacific. It ended on 30 November. These dates are usually the period during which most tropical cyclones form in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. However, Tropical Storm Aletta formed on 14 May. Hurricane Bud was the first major hurricane of the season. It was one of three storms to turn into a hurricane during the month of May. In the middle of June, Hurricane Carlotta came ashore near Puerto Escondido, Mexico. Seven people were killed by Carlotta and caused damage costing about MX$1.4 billion (US$107.7 million). Hurricane Paul caused major damage to Baja California Sur. Hurricane Emilia was the only Category 4 hurricane. It started as a Tropical Depression near the coast of Mexico. It then intensified into a Category 3 hurricane, and later into a Category 4.
Trinity Church () is a Roman Catholic church in Halmstad in Sweden. It is part of Saint Mary Catholic Parish within the Catholic Diocese of Stockholm. It was opened on 24 May 1981.
Dansbandskampen was a Swedish television show. It was created by Peter Settman and his production company Baluba. Peter Settman was also the show host. It was broadcast over Sveriges Television, with season one airing October–December 2008. The show was a music competition with dansbands. There were talks of spreading the concept outside Sweden, with a disco/folk music version in Poland and a country music version in the USA.
A Swedish American () is an American person of Swedish descent. They usually came from the great migration from Sweden to the United States in the 19th century. Many of them settled in Minnesota.
Nykvarn Municipality () is a municipality in Stockholm County in central Sweden. The seat is in Nykvarn. The municipality was established on 1 January 1999. It was broken out of Södertälje Municipality.
The Central Division is one of three divisions in the Eastern Conference of the National Basketball Association, along with the Southeast Division and the Atlantic Division. The division consists of the Chicago Bulls, Cleveland Cavaliers, Detroit Pistons, Indiana Pacers, and the Milwaukee Bucks. The Milwaukee Bucks have the most titles in the division, with 13.
Ystad is a town in the county of Scania in southern Sweden. It is the seat of Ystad Municipality. Sister cities/towns.  Haugesund, Rogaland, Norway
Hovet is an indoor ice hockey stadium in the town of Stockholm in Sweden. It was opened on 4 November 1955.
Hugh the Great or Hugues le Grand (895–16 June 956) was duke of the Franks and count of Paris. Early career. Hugh was the son of King Robert I of France and Béatrice of Vermandois. She was the daughter of Herbert I, Count of Vermandois. Hugh was born in 895 in Paris, France. His eldest son was Hugh Capet who became King of France in 987. Hugh was a member of the family known as the Robertians. Duke of France. In 922 the barons of western Francia revolted against the Carolingian king Charles the Simple. In his place they elected Robert I, Hugh's father, as King of Western Francia. Robert I died in battle at Soissons in 923. When Hugh refused the crown it went to his brother-in-law, Rudolph of France. Charles the simple asked his cousin Herbert II, Count of Vermandois for help in getting back his crown. But instead of helping the king he put him in prison. Herbert then used the threat of releasing his prisoner to get what he wanted. But Charles died in 929. From then on Hugh the great, acting for King Rudolph, had to struggle with Herbert II. Finally Rudolph and Herbert II came to an agreement in 935. At the death of King Rudolph in 936, Hugh possessed nearly all of the region between the Loire and the Seine. This was the same territory as Neustria with the exceptions of Anjou and of Normandy. Hugh was one of those who brought Louis IV ("d'Outremer") from the Kingdom of England in 936. In 937 Hugh married Hedwige of Saxony, a daughter of Henry I the Fowler of Germany and Matilda of Ringelheim. Very soon however Hugh was quarrelling with King Louis. In 939 king Louis attacked Hugh the Great and William I, Duke of Normandy. But soon after they made a truce which lasted until June. That same year Hugh, along with Herbert II of Vermandois, Arnulf I, Count of Flanders and Duke William Longsword paid homage to the Emperor Otto the
Doomwyte is a fantasy book written by Brian Jacques in 2008. It is the 20th book in the Redwall series. Plot. A young mouse named Bisky who lives at Redwall Abbey figures out riddles with his friends to find four beautiful jewels that had been hidden in Redwall a long time ago. But at the same time an evil raven is trying to find the gems too, because they had belonged to his kingdom a long time ago.
Richard II (23 August 963 - 28 August 1026), called the Good (French: "Le Bon"), was the Duke of Normandy from 996 to 1026. He was the first to assume the title of duke and built up his court to resemble that of a king. He commissioned Dudo of Saint-Quentin to write a detailed history of the Norman Dukes showing their and Christian patronage. Early career. Richard II was the oldest son of Richard I the Fearless and Gunnora. He succeeded his father as Duke of Normandy in 996. During his minority, which was the first five years of his reign, his was his uncle Count Ralph of Ivrea. Ralph put down a peasant revolt at the start of Richard's reign. Richard was very religious like his overlord king Robert II of France. Richard used his army to support the king against the duchy of Burgundy. He formed a marriage alliance with Brittany by marrying his sister Hawise of Normandy to Geoffrey I, Duke of Brittany. It became a double alliance when he married Geoffrey's sister, Judith of Brittany. Vikings and England. In the 980s the Vikings had been raiding England again. They would then cross the English Channel to Normandy to sell their plunder. Norman and Viking relations were good. Richard's father had hired Viking mercenaries in the 960s. He also allowed them safe haven in Normandy. This caused problems in England and with the Pope in Rome. In 990 representatives of the Pope negotiated a treaty between England and Normandy. Richard I agreed not to aid enemies of England (including Vikings). From 997 to 1000 a great Viking army attacked Wessex a number of times. In 1000 they came to Normandy and were allowed to land by Richard II. This broke the treaty between his father and the English king. In 1000-1001 the English attacked Normandy on the Cotentin Peninsula. The raid was led by king Ethelred the Unready of England. Ethelred had given orders that Richard be captured, shackled and brought to England. But the English were not prepared for the rapid response of the Norman cavalry and were
The Sable Quean is a children's fantasy novel. It was written by Brian Jacques in 2010, and it's the twenty-first book in the Redwall series. Plot summary. The evil Vilaya, who's a sable (that's a kind of animal) queen, wants to take over Redwall Abbey. To do this, she kidnaps children from the Abbey and the area around it, so that if the woodlanders want their kids back, they'll have to give her their abbey. Luckily, several good guys come to the rescue. But will the good guys and the good Redwallers be able to win against the Sable Quean?
Saint Joachim was the father of the Virgin Mary and the grandfather of Jesus. Joachim means "Yahweh prepares". According to tradition, Joachim wanted to pray in the temple but was turned away because of his childlessness. He went to a mountaintop to pray to God. An angel appeared to him and his wife, Anna. The angel told Joachim that the Lord heard their prayers and that Anna was with child.  It is believed that Anna and Joachim gave Mary to the service of the Temple when she was three years old. St. Joachim and Saint Anna's feast day is July 26.
The Golden Gate (, ; Arabic: ) is one of the gates of the Old City of Jerusalem. It is in the western side of the walls and the main gate that was connected the Temple Mount to outside the old city. According to the Jewish tradition, the Messiah will come through this gate to the Temple. In the 16th century, the gate was blocked by the Ottoman Sultan and a Muslim cemetery was created to insure that Messiah will never come through this gate. According to the Christian tradition, Jesus came into this gate to Jerusalem. The Hebrew name for the gate translates to the "Gate of Mercy". In ancient times the gate was known as the "Beautiful Gate".
Orimattila is a town in Päijänne Tavastia, Finland. As of 2010, about 16,350 people lived there. Nearby municipalities include Hollola, Iitti, Kärkölä, Lahti, Lapinjärvi, Myrskylä, Mäntsälä, Nastola and Pukkila. The former municipality of Artjärvi was merged with Orimattila in 2011.
Kärkölä is a municipality in Päijänne Tavastia, Finland. In 2013, about 4,776 people lived there. Nearby municipalities include Hausjärvi, Hollola, Hämeenkoski, Hämeenlinna, Mäntsälä and Orimattila. Villages. Järvelä, Hevonoja, Hongisto, Hähkäniemi, Iso-Sattiala, Karvala, Kirkonkylä, Lappila, Maavehmaa, Marttila, Uusikylä and Vähä-Sattiala.
Hämeenlinna is a town in Finland. As of January 2014, about 67,750 people lived there. Nearby municipalities include Akaa, Asikkala, Hattula, Hausjärvi, Hämeenkoski, Janakkala, Kärkölä, Loppi, Padasjoki, Pälkäne, Tammela, Urjala and Valkeakoski. The former municipalities of Hauho, Kalvola, Lammi, Renko and Tuulos were merged with Hämeenlinna in 2009.
Padasjoki is a municipality in Päijänne Tavastia, Finland. About 3,319 people lived there as of 31 May 2013. Nearby municipalities include Asikkala, Hämeenlinna, Kangasala, Kuhmoinen, Pälkäne and Sysmä. History. People lived in the area of Padasjoki during the Stone Age. There is hill fort around the town.
Kuhmoinen is a municipality in Pirkanmaa, Finland. It was part of Central Finland until 2021. Almost 2,400 people lived there as of January 2014. Nearby municipalities include Jämsä, Kangasala, Luhanka, Orivesi, Padasjoki and Sysmä. Villages. Harjunsalmi, Harmoinen, Kirkonkylä, Kissakulma, Kylämä, Patavesi, Pihlajakoski, Poikkijärvi, Puukkoinen, Päijälä, Ruolahti amd Sappee.
Pori is a city and municipality in Finland. The city had a population of 83,364 as of 31 August 2012. It covers without sea-areas. Yyteri, a sand beach, is located at Pori.