ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Erich Julius Eberhard von Zelewski or Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski (1 March 1899 – 8 March 1972), was a Nazi leader and a member of the SS, where he had the rank of "SS-Obergruppenführer". Although he was involved in the killing of thousands of people in Poland and Russia, he was never charged with war crimes. Biography. Early life. His parents were Otto Jan Józefat von Zelewski, a Roman Catholic, and his wife Elisabeth Eveline Schimansky, a Lutheran. His name when he was born was Erich Julius Eberhard von Zelewski. He later changed his last name to add "von dem Bach" in the 1930s. He removed "Zelewski" from his name in November 1941 because of its Polish sound. He was born in Lauenburg, in Pomerania, in the old German Empire (now called Lębork, Poland), on 1 March 1899. His family did not have very much money during his childhood. His father was often out of work. When his father died on April 17, 1911, in Dortmund, he was employed as an insurance clerk. His father's lack of success was partly because he was the brother of Emil von Zalewski, the leader of a colonial force fighting in Tanzania. On August 17, 1891, he and his men were killed in the battle of Rugarto, described as being like a German Custer at the Battle of Little Bighorn. This death and defeat brought great shame to the family. Erich would later restore his family's position in the community. Soldier. After his father's death, his uncle Oskar von Zalewski, a soldier, became very close to Erich and told Erich to become a soldier. In November 1914 Erich von Zalewski asked to join the Prussian army, and was one of the youngest soldiers and remained a soldier fighting for the army until the end of World War I. He was wounded twice, and was given the Cross of
William "Will" Mellor (born 3 April 1976 in Bredbury, Stockport, Greater Manchester) is an English actor and former pop star.  Early life. Mellor lived as a child in the Bredbury area of Stockport going to Bredbury Green Primary School and later going to Werneth School, Greater Manchester, and was the youngest of the family with four older sisters: Janice, Cheryl, Joanne and Sarah. Joanne was disabled and died in 2013 at the age 44. Mellor acted in a 2006 blood donation advert, where he tells about his sister's heart surgery. Mellor first started acting in 1990, when he acted as Ben Rowlingson in the children's programme "Children's Ward". In 1993 tried to play football with Vauxhall Motors FC, and was about to sign a deal with them until he argued with manager Alex Tannin over bootlaces. This helped his decision to become an actor. Career. In 1995, Mellor starting acting in the Channel 4 soap opera "Hollyoaks" in which he played (acted as) James 'Jambo' Bolton. He left the show in 1998. Soon after, he made a cover of Leo Sayer's "When I Need You" as a single, which went to number 5 in the British charts, as well as another song called "No Matter What I Do", which reached number 23.  He was also in the music video for Boyzone's Comic Relief single "When The Going Gets Tough". Shortly after, he returned to acting, playing Greg, in "Is Harry on the Boat?". He also played Jack Vincent in "Casualty" between 2001 and 2003 and has starred (played one of the main actors) as Gaz Wilkinson in the BBC comedy "Two Pints of Lager and a Packet of Crisps" since 2001. He also had a small role in a Christmas version of "Hollyoaks", in which he played the ghost of Jambo (even though Jambo is not dead). Will also stars as "Barmp
WiiWare was a collection of games available to download on the Wii Shop Channel that were typically exclusive to the Nintendo Wii. WiiWare was usually only available on the Wii Shop Channel, just like how many Wii games were only available on Wii discs. WiiWare allowed small developers to release shorter sized and creative games, which usually took up more storage than Virtual Console games, which were also available on the Wii Shop Channel. WiiWare was first available in Japan on March 25, 2008, then in North America on May 12, 2008, and in Europe and Australia on May 19, 2008.
Bembibre is a municipality in the province of León (Spain). Language. Spanish Language is the main language spoke in this municipality, in rural zones the Leonese Language might be spoken as well.
Rohr was a municipality in Gösgen in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland. On 1 January 2021, Rohr became a part of Stüsslingen.
The Malpighiales are a large order of flowering plants, included in the group named Eurosids I in the recent APG classification.  This diverse order includes plants as varied as violets and willows, passionfruit and mangrove, poinsettia and flax. "Euphorbia" is a toxic member of the order. "Euphorbia maculata", "Euphorbia esula" and "Euphorbia heterophylla" are euphorbia species that can be very harmful. This feature is a defence against herbivory.
Specialized English is a controlled version of the English language used for radio broadcasting, easier for non-native speakers of English. It is based on Voice of America (VoA) Special English. Specialized English was set up initially by Feba Radio in the UK. Feba now uses Specialized English with US radio companies Words of Hope and Back to God Ministries International. All three are Christian, but Specialized English is not used for religious preaching programs. Its main use is in the features service program 'Spotlight', which is widely broadcast on over sixty outlets globally. Scripts and audio are also available freely on the Spotlight website. Design and usage. Specialized English sounds the same as Special English, and it almost is the same. Both use a 1500 word core vocabulary, short sentences, and slow delivery (about 90 words per minute). Special English was used from about 1959 by Voice of America. Specialized was written in the late 1990's, independently of Voice of America. The basic design is identical, but there is a slight difference in the vocabulary, and Specialized is more international. VoA is a federal US government department, so it doesn't make Special English programs for anything other than VoA's own use. Specialized English was designed by the civil society, and the developers try to make programs for several purposes. The developers of Specialized felt they should choose a name to show both the similarity and the difference. The reason that Specialized was based on Special English is related to their respective usage. They are not primarily teaching tools (even though they are popular as an aid to learning) but communication tools. The choice of words in the 1500 word list depends to a degree on what is to be communicated. Most of the words are the most frequently learned, most commonly used English words. Both tools use these words. But many words are chosen for the intended purpose. For example, Special English uses words a US government news service might need, such as Congress, federal, administration, capitalism and recession. Specialized replaces some of these words with words used for religious subjects, such as blessing, prayer, miracle, and faith. The Specialized English word list has been
The Esperanto Wikipedia () is the Esperanto-language edition of Wikipedia. This edition was started in December 2001, which means that it was one of the first Wikipedias. It currently has articles. This makes it the 37th largest Wikipedia by article count.
Fulton County is a county in the state of Georgia. The county seat of Fulton County is Atlanta, which is the state capital. As of 2020, the population was around 1,070,000 persons.
A Fountain is an arrangement, usually made by man; in it, the water from a source is captured in some way. Most often, it is used to fill a basin of some kind. Sometimes there are many basins, and water runs from one into the next. It is also common to have sculptures in fountains.  Sometimes jets are used to make the water go high into the air, using pressure. History. Ancient civilizations built stone basins to capture and hold precious drinking water. A carved stone basin, dating to around 700 BC, was discovered in the ruins of the ancient Sumerian city of Lagash in modern Iraq. The ancient Assyrians constructed a series of basins in the gorge of the Comel River, carved in solid rock, connected by small channels, descending to a stream. The lowest basin was decorated with carved reliefs of two lions. The ancient Egyptians had ingenious systems for hoisting water up from the Nile for drinking and irrigation, but without a higher source of water it was not possible to make water flow by gravity, There are lion-shaped fountains in the Temple of Dendera in Qena. Drinking Fountains. A water fountain or drinking fountain is designed to provide drinking water and has a basin arrangement with either continuously running water or a tap. The drinker bends down to the stream of water and swallows water directly from the stream. Modern indoor drinking fountains may incorporate filters to remove impurities from the water and chillers to reduce its temperature. In some regional dialects, water fountains are called "bubblers". Water fountains are usually found in public places, like schools, rest areas, libraries, and grocery stores. Many jurisdictions require water fountains to be wheelchair accessible (by sticking out horizontally from the wall), and to include an additional unit of a lower height for children and short adults. The design that this replaced often had one spout atop a refrigeration unit. In 1859, The Metropolitan Drinking Fountain and Cattle Trough Association was established to promote the provision of drinking water for people and animals in the United Kingdom and overseas. More recently, in 2010, the FindaFountain campaign was launched in the UK to encourage people to use drinking fountains instead of environmentally damaging bottled water.
A Kilner jar is a jar that has a rubber ring to seal the top. It does not let out any air, and helps to store food. It was invented by the Kilner family and made by John Kilner &amp; Co in Yorkshire, England. Most jars made now-a-days have metal tops instead of rubber. They are also known as Terrine Jars.
A steamboat (also called a steamship or steamer) is a ship that uses a steam engine or steam turbine to move. At first, these were paddle steamboats. Some had a paddle wheel on the back. Others had two wheels on the sides. Most went down rivers. From about 1836, marine propellers, invented by Josef Ressel, were used. Claude François Jouffroy d’Abbans built the first working steamship in 1783. There were many steamboats in the 19th century in the United States and other countries. However, the first steamboat was built by John Fitch in 1787. It had many paddles. Fitch tried to make money from the steamboat, but could not do so. He died in 1798, and did not live long enough to see Robert Fulton become the first person to build a steamboat that could make money. In 1807, Fulton built a steamboat that could travel from New York City to Albany in 32 hours. Steamboats became much faster later in the 19th century. After the middle 19th century paddle steamers became rare, as the marine propeller gave more speed and burned less fuel. The new vessels were suited to the open ocean, and were usually called "steamships". During the 20th century, marine Diesel engines largely replaced steam propulsion.
Hurricane Carol was one of the worst hurricanes in New England, which is in United States. Carol formed from a tropical wave near the Bahamas on August 25, 1954. Carol was like the New England Hurricane of 1938. Both were fast-moving storms. They also both hit the same area. Carol was the most damaging United States hurricane at the time. Retirement. Hurricane Carol was later retired (meaning it was not used for any more hurricanes afterwards) due to the impact in New England. The name "Carol" was the first name to be retired from the Atlantic hurricane name lists.
In mathematics, a field is a certain kind of algebraic structure. In a field, one can add (formula_1), subtract (formula_2), multiply (formula_3) and divide (formula_4) two numbers (with division only possible if formula_5 is non-zero). A field is a special ring in which division is possible. Both the set of rational numbers and the set of real numbers are examples of fields. The set of integers, formula_6, is not a field, because the result of a division is not always an integer. One can also use the symbol formula_7 as a variable for a field. Rules. Since a field is always a ring, it consists of a set (represented here with the letter R) with two operations: addition (+) and multiplication (•). The properties of a ring are: A field is a ring (so it follows the rules above), with these extra rules: Another way of describing a field is this: Examples of fields. Examples of fields include:  In fact, among the subsets of complex numbers, the largest field is formula_10 and the smallest field is formula_8.
The Eurovision Song Contest 2009 was the 54th Eurovision Song Contest, it was held in Moscow, Russia after Dima Bilan won the 2008 contest for Russia with "Believe". The semi finals took place on May 12 and May 14 and the final was held on May 16. It was won by Alexander Rybak for Norway with "Fairytale".  There were 42 countries taking part with Slovakia making a return for the first time in 11 years and San Marino and Georgia, two countries from last year, not appearing in the contest.
The violone (pronounced: "Vee-o-LOH-ne") is a very big string instrument that used to be used in the 16th and 17th centuries. It is like a double bass, but it belongs to the viol family. The name "violone" means "large viol". It was really a "double-bass viola da gamba". It usually had six strings, and the fingerboard had frets (like a guitar) which showed where to put the fingers of the left hand to make the notes. The bow was held underhand (with the palm of the hand facing up). Usage. The violone is sometimes heard today in early music groups who are playing Renaissance and early Baroque music music. The instruments used today are usually ones that have been made recently to look and sound like the old ones. History. The violone was the last member of the viol family to die out. When the other sizes of viol had been replaced by orchestras with violins, violas and cellos the violone was often used instead of a double bass. Bach used the violone in his cantatas. Eventually the violone was no longer used, and the double bass was used instead. The double bass still looks a little bit like the old viol because it has sloping shoulders and the strings are tuned in fourths. Use of the name "violone" in organs. In organs "Violone" is the name given to a soft organ stop made of metal or wood, usually in the pedals.
The tragedy of the commons was an article published by Garrett Hardin in the journal "Science" in 1968. It describes a problem where many people with their own ideas can make something they all share worse, even if no one wants to. For example, even if no one wants to pollute water because that makes it unhealthy, it can still end up like that because so many want to use the water for their own reasons, like washing and throwing away rubbish. Each person thinks that their small bit of pollution of the water is too small to affect the quality of the water, but because there are many people the total effect ends up making the water too polluted for mostly anybody to use for drinking or even washing. This may occur in slums and other overcrowded places like refugee camps. The idea was not Hardin's, but a person named William Forster Lloyd who wrote about it in 1833. In those days herders often grazed cows on common land. Lloyd pointed out that each cow added benefit to its owner but damaged the land overall for all herders by overgrazing. The tragedy of the commons is often used in modern debates on ecology and externality. It is also a topic in game theory.
Andrew Manze (pronounce: "MAN-zee"), (born Beckenham, 14 January 1965) is an English violinist and conductor who is famous for performing music from the Baroque period. Manze spent his childhood in Bedford. He went to Bedford School where he learned to play the violin. While studying Classics at Cambridge University he started to play the Baroque violin. Then he studied with Simon Standage at the Royal Academy of Music, and then he studied with Lucy van Dael at The Hague and with Marie Leonhardt. In 1988 he became first violinist of the Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra which was conducted by Ton Koopman. He also played with two other musicians: the harpsichordist John Toll and the lutenist Nigel North, in a trio called Romanesca. From 2003 to 2007 he directed The English Concert. He also introduced many music programmes on BBC Radio 3 and appeared in television programmes, e.g. Handel's Water Music. He often performed with the harpsichordist Richard Egarr. He has appeared twice at the BBC Proms. Manze is now taking a rest from playing the violin and concentrating on conducting. He lives in Sweden where he is Principal Conductor of the Helsingborg Symphony Orchestra and Principal Guest Conductor of the Norwegian Radio Orchestra. He is also Associate Conductor of the BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra. In 2011 Andrew Manze was awarded the Rolf Schock Prize laureate in Musical Arts, a Swedish prize which is awarded every three years
The Finnish Wikipedia is the Finnish-language edition of Wikipedia. This edition began in 2002. It is the 25th largest edition. As of September 2021, it had over 516 000 articles.
The São Francisco River is a river in Brazil. It is around 3,100 kilometers long. The main tributaries of the São Francisco River are the Paraopeba, Abaeté, das Velhas, Jequitaí, Paracatu, Urucuia, Verde Grande, Carinhanha, Corrente, and Grande rivers. It is an important river for Brazil, called “the river of national integration” because it unites diverse climes and regions of the country, in particular the Southeast with the Northeast.
The Data Base Task Group (DBTG) was a working group founded in 1965 by the "Cobol Committee", formerly "Programming Language Committee", of the "Conference of Data Systems Language" (CODASYL). In April 1971, The DBTG published a report containing specifications of a "Data Manipulation Language" (DML) and a "Data Definition Language" (DDL) for standardization of network database models. The first DBTG proposals had already been published in 1969. The specification was subsequently modified and developed in various committees and published in other reports in 1973 and 1978. The specification is often referred to as the DBTG database model or the CODASYL database model. As well as the data model, many basic concepts of database terminology were introduced by this group, notably the concepts of schema and subschema.
David Popper (born Prague, 18 June 1843; died Baden, Austria, 7 August 1913) was a Bohemian cellist and composer. He composed many works for the cello which today are performed by cellists all over the world. Life. Popper was born in the old Jewish part of Prague. His father was a Cantor in two synagogues. When he was three years old he was imitating his father’s singing. He learned the violin when he was six and, at the age of twelve, he got a place to study music at the Prague Conservatory, but he had to learn the cello. His cello teacher was Julius Goltermann. His first job was as cellist to the Prince of Hohenzollern who soon gave him the title “Kammervirtuoso”. He was only 21 when he played a difficult concerto by Robert Volkmann. The conductor, Hans von Bülow, was very impressed and so were the critics. He gave many concerts in Vienna and became very famous. He started to travel around Europe, visiting England and Russia. He had a lot of energy and was able to compose a lot while travelling. He composed many short cello pieces. His "Elfentanz" (Dance of the Elves) and "Spinning Song" were especially popular with the audiences. Budapest. In 1886 Popper married for the second time. In the same year he took up a job at the Royal Hungarian Academy of Music in Budapest. He was a famous teacher and charged a high fee for lessons. He formed a string quartet with three other musicians including the violinist Jenő Hubay. Hubay and Popper often played piano trios with Johannes Brahms. Popper made a long visit to England and Scotland where he was described as the world’s greatest cellist by many people including George Bernard Shaw. When he returned to Prague he played with Béla Bartók who was only 19 years old and not yet famous. He was also impressed when he heard the young Pablo Casals, although he did not agree with his technique. Popper had one son who died
Herbert Backe (1 May 1896 – 6 April 1947) was a German politician and war criminal. He was born in Batumi, Georgia in the Russian Empire . He worked in the Third Reich government and was made Minister of Food in May 1942 and Minister of Agriculture in April 1944. He had that job in the short-lived Cabinet of Admiral Karl Dönitz in the last days of World War II, from late April to May 1945, as the political request of Adolf Hitler. During the war, Alfred Rosenberg said that Backe should become the leader of the Ukraine Reichskommissariat (Nazi government in Ukraine). He was one of the people who planned and made happen the Hunger Plan - a plan to starve to death tens of millions of Slavic people in order to make sure there was enough food available for the German people and military. He was taken prisoner by the Allies after the war, he was to be tried in the Ministries Trial, but he killed himself by hanging in his cell at Nuremberg on 6 April 1947.
Joseph Berchtold (March 6, 1897 in Ingolstadt – August 23, 1962 in Herrsching am Ammersee), a former salesman who sold office products, became Reichsführer SS after Julius Schreck in 1926. Berchtold was in the World War I and had the rank of second lieutenant at the end of the war. In 1920 he joined the NSDAP and in 1922 also the SA. He was thought to be better than Julius Schreck, but was still not able to keep the people who started the party under control. After a lot of arguing he resigned in 1927 and was replaced by his deputy, Erhard Heiden. During Nazi Germany he was a councillor of Munich from 1934 to 1945, and a member of the Reichstag from 1936 to 1945.
Pahariwood is the name of a Kashmiri movie industry that is based in the city of Kotli. Pahari-Pothwari are the native tongues of the ethnic population of Kotli, Mirpur and other area of Azad Jammu and Kashmir. References. Founder name is is Saleem Ahmed Qureshi this industry also work on Urdu English languages as well .