ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
A p-type semiconductor is one of two main types of semiconductors, the other being an n-type semiconductor. The p and n stand for positively-doped and negatively-doped, respectively. When a trivalent impurity (like boron, aluminum etc.) is added to an intrinsic or pure semiconductor (silicon or germanium), it is said to be a p-type semiconductor. Trivalent impurities such as boron (B), gallium (Ga), indium (In), aluminum (Al) etc. are called acceptor impurities. Ordinary semiconductors are made of materials that do not conduct (or carry) an electric current very well but are not highly resistant to doing so either. Metalloids, such as silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), arsenic (As), and a few other elements are commonly used for the main body of semiconductors. Their bulk conductivity falls halfway between that of conductors and insulators and so are called semiconductors. For an electric current to flow, have to move through a material. A p-type semiconductor has free holes in its crystal lattice which can move in response to an applied electric field, causing current to flow. Semiconductors are most often made from silicon. Silicon is an element with four electrons in its outer shell. To make a p-type semiconductor, extra materials like boron or aluminum are added to the silicon. These materials have only three electrons in their outer shell. When the extra material replaces some of the silicon it leaves a hole where the fourth electron would have been if the semiconductor was pure silicon. P-type semiconductors are doped with acceptors since they can accept electrons while n-type semiconductors are doped with donors since they 'donate' the free electrons. PN junctions such as diodes rely on the diffusion of electrons from N-type semiconductors to P-type semiconductors to function, only permitting current in one direction. Manufacture. P-type semiconductors are made by doping the pure semiconductor material. The amount of impurity added is very small compared to the amount of semiconductor. The exact character of the semiconductor can be changed by varying
The Finger Plan () is an urban plan from 1947 which provides a strategy for the development of the Copenhagen metropolitan area in Denmark. According to the plan, all future development of Copenhagen would be along five 'fingers'. These grouped business areas would be near S-train commuter rail lines. The finger-line areas extend from the 'palm' which represents the dense urban area of central Copenhagen. Between the 'fingers', is land for agriculture and recreational use. By the definition used in the Finger Plan, the metropolitan area has a population of 1,930,260 (1 October 2011). It has an area of over 34 municipalities. In 2007 the Finger Plan was updated to the "Finger Plan 2007". This plan is written into the laws and is legally binding over Greater Copenhagen. The Finger Plan for 2007 does share the metropolitan area like this:
The Savannah River is a major river in the southeastern United States. It makes up most of the border between the states of South Carolina and Georgia. The Savannah River drainage basin extends into the southeastern side of the Appalachian Mountains just inside North Carolina. It is bounded by the Eastern Continental Divide. It is formed by the confluence of the Tugaloo River and the Seneca River. Today this confluence is under Lake Hartwell, a man-made reservoir. From Lake Hartwell to the Atlantic Ocean the Savannah River is long. Two major cities are located along the Savannah River: Savannah, and Augusta, Georgia. They were the center of early English settlements during the Colonial period of American history. The Savannah River is tidal at Savannah. Downstream from there, the river widens into an estuary. Then it flows into the Atlantic Ocean. The area where the river's estuary meets the ocean is known as "Tybee Roads". The Intracoastal Waterway flows through a section of the Savannah River near the city of Savannah. References. &lt;br&gt;
Daniel Paul Fredinburg (September 8, 1981 – April 25, 2015) was an American engineer and Google executive. He was a product manager and head of privacy at Google X. He was born in Mission Viejo, California. From January 2013 to February 2014, he dated actress Sophia Bush. Fredinburg died on Mount Everest in an avalanche caused by the April 2015 Nepal earthquake. He was 33.
Sid Tepper (June 25, 1918 – April 24, 2015) was an American songwriter. He was best known for working with with Roy C. Bennett, which created several hits for Elvis Presley. Between 1945 and 1970, Tepper and Bennett published over 300 songs. He died on April 24, 2015, at the age of 96.
George Cressler Young (né Jung; August 4, 1916 – April 24, 2015) was an American lawyer and judge. He was a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida. Young was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. Young was reassigned to the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida on October 29, 1962. He served as chief judge from 1973 to 1981 and assumed senior status on October 19, 1981.  Young died of a heart attack in Orlando, Florida, aged 98.
Sabeen Mahmud () was a Pakistani human rights activist and social NGO worker. She was the founder and director of the Karachi-based cafe The Second Floor (T2F) and president of the Karachi branch of TiE.  On 24 April 2015, she was shot dead by unidentified gunmen in Karachi while on her way home after attending a seminar.
William James Fanning (September 14, 1927 – April 25, 2015) was an American catcher, manager and front office executive in Major League Baseball. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. He was the first general manager of the Montreal Expos of the National League (appointed in August 1968), he served the Expos in a number of capacities for almost 25 years. He served as their field manager in 1981. He guided Montreal into the playoffs for the only time in the 36-year history of the franchise. Fanning died on April 25, 2015, at his home in London, Ontario, aged 87.
Kenneth Joseph "Ken" Birch (31 December 1933 – 24 April 2015) was an English footballer. He played as a right-half for Everton and Southampton. Later, he led Welsh club Bangor City to victory in the Welsh Cup in 1962. He played from the 1951 until after 1963. Birch was born in Birkenhead, Cheshire. He died on 24 April 2015, aged 81.
Wang Guozhen (; 22 June 1956 – 26 April 2015) was a Chinese poet and painter. He began writing in 1985, and publishing in 1990. He released at least ten poetry books between 1990 and his death, most notably "Top Modem Chinese Poem: Wang Guozhen's 80 Poems in English Verse". Wang was born in Beijing. His ancestral home was in Xiamen, Fujian. He graduated from Jinan University in 1982. Wang died from liver cancer on 26 April 2015 in Beijing, aged 59.
There are 6 arrondissements in the Gironde department. The French departments, and in other countries, are divided into "arrondissements", which may be translated into English as districts (in some cases, as boroughs). The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture. If the prefecture (capital) of the department is in an arrondissement, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture. Arrondissements are further divided into communes. The 6 arrondissements of Gironde are: History. Since its creation, the Gironde department has had some changes:
The arrondissement of Arcachon is an arrondissement of France. It is part of the Gironde "département". Its capital is the city of Arcachon. History. The "arrondissement" of Arcachon was created on 6 December 2006, to begin on 1 January 2007, with four cantons taken from the "arrondissement" of Bordeaux. Geography. The "arrondissement" of Arcachon is in southwestern Gironde, with an area of . It has 146,160 inhabitants and a population density of inhabitants/km². The "arrondissement" is bordered to the north by the "arrondissement" of Lesparre-Médoc, to the northeast by the "arrondissement" of Bordeaux, to the southeast by the "arrondissement" of Langon, to the south by the Landes department and to the west by the Atlantic Ocean ("Gulf of Biscay"). Composition. Cantons. After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". In the "arrondissement" of Arcachon, there is only one canton where not all their "communes" are in the "arrondissement": Les Landes des Graves. The following table shows the distribution of the "communes" in the cantons and "arrondissements": Communes. The "arrondissement" of Arcachon has 17 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes): The "communes" in the "arrondissement" with more inhabitants are:
The arrondissement of Blaye is an arrondissement of France. It is part of the Gironde "département" in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. Its capital is the city of Blaye. History. When the Gironde department was created on 17 February 1800, the "arrondissement" of Blaye was part of that original department. Geography. The "arrondissement" of Blaye is the smallest of the "arrondissements" of the Gironde department, with an area of . It is in northern part of the department and it has 88,115 inhabitants and a population density of inhabitants/km². The "arrondissement" of Blaye is bordered to the north and northeast by the Charente-Maritime department, to the southeast by the "arrondissement" of Libourne, to the south by the "arrondissement" of Bordeaux and to the west by the "arrondissement" of Lesparre-Médoc. The Gironde estuary is to northwest of the "arrondissement". Composition. Cantons. After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". In the "arrondissement" of Blaye, there are only two cantons:  Communes. The "arrondissement" of Blaye has 63 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes): The "communes" in the "arrondissement" with more inhabitants are:
The arrondissement of Bordeaux is an arrondissement of France. It is part of the Gironde "département" in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. Its capital, and préfecture of the department, is the city of Bordeaux. History. When the "arrondissements" of Gironde were created in 1800, Bordeaux was one of them in the Gironde department. Geography. The "arrondissement" of Bordeaux is in the centre of the Gironde department and it has an area of , and a population of 921,668 inhabitants; its population density is of inhabitants/km². The "arrondissement" of Bordeaux is surrounded by other "arrondissements" of the department. It is bordered to the north by the "arrondissement" Blaye, to the northeast by the "arrondissement" Libourne, to the southeast by the "arrondissement" Langon, to the southwest by the "arrondissement" Arcachon and to the northwest by the "arrondissement" Lesparre-Médoc. Composition. Cantons. After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". In the "arrondissement" of Bordeaux, there are only two cantons where not all their "communes" are in the "arrondissement": L'Entre-deux-Mers and Le Sud-Médoc. The following table shows the distribution of the "communes" in the cantons and "arrondissements": Communes. The "arrondissement" of Bordeaux has 82 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes): The "communes" in the "arrondissement" with more inhabitants are:
The arrondissement of Langon is an arrondissement of France. It is part of the Gironde "département" in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. Its capital is the city of Langon. History. When the Gironde department was created on 17 February 1800, the "arrondissement" of Langon was part of that original department, with the name of "Arrondissement of Bazas". When the subprefecture was moved in 1926 from Bazas to Langon, the name of the arrondissement was changed to "Langon". Geography. The "arrondissement" of Langon is in the southeast of Gironde, with an area of , the largest of the "arrondissements" of the department. It has 130,911 inhabitants and a population density of inhabitants/km². The "arrondissement" is bordered to the north by the "arrondissement" of Libourne, to the east by the Lot-et-Garonne department, to the south by the Landes department, to the west by the "arrondissements" of Arcachon and Bordeaux. Composition. Cantons. After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". In the "arrondissement" of Langon, there are four cantons; only the canton of Le Sud-Gironde has all its "communes" in the "arrondissement". The following table shows the distribution of the "communes" in the cantons and "arrondissements": Communes. The "arrondissement" of Langon has 197 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes): The "communes" in the "arrondissement" with more inhabitants are:
The arrondissement of Lesparre-Médoc is an arrondissement of France. It is part of the Gironde "département" in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. Its capital is the city of Lesparre-Médoc. History. When the Gironde department was created on 17 February 1800, the "arrondissement" of Lesparre-Médoc was part of that original department, with the name of "Arrondissement of Lesparre". The "arrondissement" was dissolved on September 1926 but it was again an "arrondissement" on June 1942 but with the name of "Arrondissement of Lesparre-Médoc". Geography. The "arrondissement" of Lesparre-Médoc is in the northwest of Gironde, with an area of , the second largest, after the "arrondissement" of Langon, of the "arrondissements" of the department. It has 86,560 inhabitants and a population density of inhabitants/km². The "arrondissement" is bordered to the north by the Charente-Maritime department, to the east by the "arrondissements" of Blaye, to the southeast by the "arrondissement" of Bordeaux, to the south by the "arrondissement" of Arcachon and to the west by the Atlantic Ocean ("Gulf of Biscay"). Composition. Cantons. After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". In the "arrondissement" of Lesparre-Médoc, there are only two cantons: Communes. The "arrondissement" of Lesparre-Médoc has 50 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes): The "communes" in the "arrondissement" with more inhabitants are:
The arrondissement of Libourne is an arrondissement of France. It is part of the Gironde "département" in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. Its capital is the city of Libourne. History. When the Gironde department was created on 17 February 1800, the "arrondissement" of Libourne was part of that original department. Geography. The "arrondissement" of Libourne is in the northeast of Gironde, with an area of . It has 152,602 inhabitants and a population density of inhabitants/km². The "arrondissement" is bordered to the north by the Charente-Maritime department, to the east by the Dordogne department, to the southeast by the Lot-et-Garonne department, to the south by the "arrondissement" of Langon and to the west by the "arrondissements" of Bordeaux and Blaye. Composition. Cantons. After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". In the "arrondissement" of Libourne, there are only two cantons where not all their "communes" are in the "arrondissement": Le Nord-Gironde and Le Réolais et Les Bastides. The following table shows the distribution of the "communes" in the cantons and "arrondissements": Communes. The "arrondissement" of Libourne has 129 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes): The "communes" in the "arrondissement" with more inhabitants are:
William Terry "Bill" Valentine, Jr. (November 21, 1932 - April 26, 2015) was an American professional baseball umpire. He worked in the American League from 1963 to 1968. Valentine was an umpire in the 1965 Major League Baseball All-Star Game. In his career, he umpired 947 Major League games. Valentine died on April 26, 2015 in Little Rock, Arkansas, aged 82.
Sugar Land is a city in Texas. It is in the big city area and Fort Bend County. It is one of the richest cities in Texas. It is growing quickly. It grew more than 40 percent from 2010 to 2020. As of the 2020 census, its population was 111,026. It is here that Miss Teen USA Katie Blair lived during her freshmen, sophomore and junior years.  Geography. Sugar Land has a total area of 43 square miles. People. Sugar Land has 111,026 people living there.
Abancay is a city in Peru. It is the capital of Apurímac Region. Location. Abancay is located at an elevation of above sea level in the southern Peruvian Andes, above the Pachachaca River, and straddles the Marino River.
Brian Ferlin (born June 3, 1992) is an American professional ice hockey right winger. He currently plays for the Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League (NHL). Career. Before playing in the NHL, Ferlin played parts of 2 years with the Indiana Ice of the United States Hockey League (USHL) and parts of 3 years of college hockey with the Cornell University Big Red. Ferlin won the Greg Ratushny Award for most promising freshman. He was drafted 121st overall by the Boston Bruins in the 2011 NHL Entry Draft. On April 11, 2014, Ferlin signed a two-year entry-level contract with the Bruins. He began playing for their AHL-affiliate, the Providence Bruins. On February 20, 2015, the Bruins called Ferlin up and he made his NHL debut in a 5-1 loss to the St. Louis Blues. On February 22, 2015, Ferlin recorded his first NHL point when he assisted a Gregory Campbell goal in a 6-2 win against the Chicago Blackhawks.
Jayson Megna (born February 1, 1990) is an American professional ice hockey center. He currently plays for the Colorado Avalanche of the National Hockey League. He also played for Pittsburgh Penguins, Vancouver Canucks, and New York Rangers of the (NHL). He was born in Fort Lauderdale, Florida and grew up in Northbrook, Illinois. Career. Before playing in the NHL, Megna played 2 seasons with the Cedar Rapids RoughRiders of the United States Hockey League (USHL) and half a year of college hockey with the University of Nebraska Omaha Mavericks. During his time with the Mavericks, Megna was named to the WCHA All-Rookie Team. He was not drafted but he signed a two-way contract with the Pittsburgh Penguins on August 1, 2012. He was sent down to play for their AHL-affiliate, the Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins. The Penguins called Megna up on October 24, 2013. Megna made his NH L debut the next day in a 4-3 loss against the New York Islanders. On October 28, 2013, Megna recorded his first NHL point on a Tanner Glass goal and also scored his first NHL goal in a 3-1 win against the Carolina Hurricanes. On July 10, 2014, the Penguins re-signed Megna to a one-year, two-way contract.
Michael Charles "Mike" Phillips (March 24, 1956 – April 25, 2015) was an American basketball player. He played for teams such as Kentucky Wildcats and FC Barcelona between the 1970s and 1990. Phillips was born in Akron, Ohio. He died after a fall at his home in Madisonville, Kentucky, aged 59.
Dickie Owen (26 March 1927 – 7 April 2015) was a British actor. He was known for his roles in "Chitty Chitty Bang Bang", "Z-Cars", "Zulu", "The Curse of the Mummy's Tomb" and "The Mummy's Shroud". He acted between 1959 and 1968. He died at the age of 88.
Ira Lewis Metsky (August 27, 1932 – April 7, 2015) was an American actor, writer, and playwright. He was best known for his one-act play, "Chinese Coffee", which opened at the Circle in the Square Theatre in 1992, starring Al Pacino. A movie adaptation of "Chinese Coffee", also starring Pacino, as well as Jerry Orbach, was released in 2000. His career started in 1955, and ended in 2004. Lewis was born in Newark, New Jersey. He died from problems caused by open heart surgery in Edison, aged 82. At the time of his death, he was living in Westfield.
Vivian Nathan (born Vivian Firko; October 26, 1916 – April 3, 2015) was an American actress. She was an original and founding member of the Actors Studio, which opened in 1947. She served on the Actors Studio's board of directors until 1999. She appeared in the original Broadway debut productions of "The Rose Tattoo" (1951) and "Camino Real" (1953). Her movie credits included "Klute" (1971). Nathan was born in New York City, New York. Her husband, Nathan Schwalb, died in 2000 after 50 years of marriage. Nathan died on April 3, 2015 in Englewood, New Jersey, aged 98.
Dishwashing liquid is liquid detergent. It is used for washing dishes. It is designed not to hurt people's skin while they are washing dishes. This liquid is useful for cleaning oil because dishwashing liquid reduces the surface tension of oil and, when washed with water, the oil can be washed away. It is also used to clean sea birds if they get covered in oil after a spill. The main chemical in dishwashing liquid is phosphate.
Masudur Rahman Baidya (1968 – 26 April 2015) was an Indian swimmer. He was the world's first physically handicapped swimmer to swim across the English Channel (1997), the Strait of Gibraltar (2001), and the Palk Strait (2010). He was a double amputee below the knees. Baidya was born in Ballabhpur, North 24 Parganas, West Bengal. He has married and had two daughters. Baidya died from a heart attack on 26 April 2015 in Kolkata, aged 46.
Catherine Bach (born March 1 1954) is an American actress. She acted as Daisy Duke in "The Dukes of Hazzard". She also played Linda in "Murder in Peyton Place". She was born in Warren, Ohio.
Gordon Keith Mackenzie Moyes (17 November 1938 – 5 April 2015) was an Australian Christian evangelist, broadcaster and politician. From 3 September 2002 to 4 March 2011, he was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Council, first for the Christian Democratic Party until March 2009. From November 2009, he was the Family First Party's only parliamentary representative in New South Wales. Moyes was born in Melbourne, Victoria. He was married and had four children. Moyes died on 5 April 2015 in Sydney, aged 76.
Christine Susan Stewart (January 3, 1941 – April 25, 2015) was a Canadian politician for the Liberal Party of Canada. She was member of the Canadian Parliament for Northumberland from 1988 to 2000. She was also the Minister of the Environment during the government of Jean Chrétien from 1997 to 1999. Stewart was born in Hamilton, Ontario. She was also a nurse and graduated from the University of Toronto. Stewart died on April 25, 2015 in Cobourg, aged 74.
Izatullo Khayoyev (; 22 June 1936 – 26 April 2015) was a Tajik politician. He was the Vice-President of Tajikistan between December 1990 and 25 June 1991 and Prime Minister of Tajikistan between 25 June 1991 and 9 January 1992. He served as Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic from 4 January 1986 until 6 December 1990. Khayoyev died on 26 April 2015 in Dushanbe, aged 78.
Macaé Esporte Futebol Clube (or Macaé E.F.C.) is a football club which plays in Brazil. 2014 1998
Bill Farmer (born November 14, 1952) is an American voice actor, comedian and impressionist. He is best known for being the current voice of the Disney character Goofy, since 1986. He also voices Pluto, Horace Horsecollar and many other Disney characters. He was born in Pratt, Kansas. At age 10 he was already doing voice impressions. While in college he worked in radio and television. He worked as a stand-up comedian. In late 1986 he was one of hundreds of voice actors competing for a few roles at Disney studios. He got the voice acting job for Goofy, one of his favorite characters growing up. He has been the voice of Goofy ever since. In 2009 Farmer was named a Disney Legend.