ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
The Compromise of 1850 was a series of laws passed in 1850 that dealt with the controversial issue of slavery in the United States. As a result of the Mexican–American War, the United States acquired a large amount of new territory. The laws admitted California as a free state, and created the new territories of New Mexico and Utah. A dispute over the boundary between Texas and New Mexico was settled with Texas losing the New Mexico territory. It put an end to the slave trade in Washington, D.C. and made it easier for Southern slave owners to recover runaway slaves. The compromise called for each new state to decide for itself whether it would be a slave or free states. The commerce and trade compromise ended the slave trade and eventually led to the Emancipation Proclamation. Background. The Missouri Compromise, passed in 1820, was an agreement between the pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in the United States Congress. It concerned the regulation of slavery in the western territories. It admitted Missouri as a slave state to please the South. It admitted Maine as a free state to please the North. It kept the balance of power in the United States Senate between the free states and slave states. The plan also called for slavery to be banned from the Louisiana Territory north of the parallel 36 degrees 30' north (also known as the Missouri Compromise Line), except within the boundaries of the proposed state of Missouri. It was a temporary measure that reduced the conflict over slavery. But there was continued resentment between North and South. The South resented Congress interfering with slavery. The North resented having to compromise on the moral issues of slavery. Both sides wanted the political power necessary for their issue to win. In his book "Negro President: Jefferson and the Slave Power", historian Garry Wills wrote, “the South was not demanding slave representation to achieve a near-parity at the moment, but as a way of achieving majority control in the immediately foreseeable future.” In 1849, when Zachary Taylor became president, the new territories the U.S. gained after the Mexican-American war caused the issue of slavery to become critical again. The California Gold Rush had caused the population there to suddenly increase
West London Synagogue is the oldest Reform synagogue located in London, England, United Kingdom. The synagogue was established on 15 April 1840. Building. The current building, built in 1870, is located near Marble Arch in London. The main sanctuary is built in the Byzantine architectural style. The premises also contain offices, a library and community facilities.
Julio César Turbay Ayala (18 June 1916 – 13 September 2005) was the 25th President of Colombia from 1978 to 1982. Biographic data. Turbay was born in a poor neighborhood on June 18, 1916. His father, Antonio Amín Turbay, was a businessman who emigrated from Tannourine, Lebanon. His mother, Rosaura Ayala, was a peasant from the province of Cundinamarca. Turbay’s father was a hard working merchant who had built a fortune, which he completely lost during the civil war of the Thousand Days War. Presidency. 1978 Security Statute. In response to an increase in guerrilla activity, a 1978 decree known as the Security Statute was implemented by Turbay's administration. The Security Statute gave the military an increased degree of freedom of action, especially in urban areas, to detain, interrogate and eventually judge suspected guerrillas or their collaborators before military tribunals. Human rights organizations, newspaper columnists, political personalities and opposition groups complained about an increase in the number of arbitrary detentions and acts of torture as a result. 1980 Dominican embassy crisis. In late 1980, sixteen ambassadors were held hostage for 61 days as part of a takeover of the Dominican Republic's embassy. The incident soon spread throughout worldwide headlines, as ambassadors from the United States of America, Costa Rica, Mexico, Peru, Israel and Venezuela had been taken hostage, as well as Colombia's top representative to the Holy See. Turbay, despite pressure from military and political sectors, avoided deciding to solve the crisis through the use of direct military force, and instead eventually agreed to let the M-19 rebels travel to Cuba. Allegedly, the rebels also received USD 1 million as payment, instead of the initial $50 million that they had originally demanded from the government. Personal life. Turbay married his niece, Nydia Quintero Turbay, on July 1, 1948. They had four children together: Julio César, Diana, Claudia, and María Victoria. However, their marriage was annulled by the Roman Catholic
Conan the Barbarian is a 1982 American fantasy-adventure movie directed by John Milius. Based on the stories of Robert E. Howard, the movie tells the story of a warrior prince (Arnold Schwarzenegger) who must battle and defeat Thulsa Doom (James Earl Jones), an evil sorcerer who murdered his parents. Although initial reception for the film was poor, it was a box-office hit and launched Schwarzenegger's career, and in the years since, it has become a cult movie. A sequel, Conan the Destroyer, was released in 1984, and a remake was also released in 2011. Plot. In the fictional country of Cimmeria, a sword is forged by a blacksmith (William Smith), who shows it to his young son Conan as he tells him "the Riddle of Steel", which is an aphorism of the importance of metal to their people. One day, the Cimmerians are massacred by the warriors of the sorcerer Thulsa Doom (James Earl Jones), who is the leader of a snake cult. Dogs kill Conan's father and his mother is killed when Doom decapitates her with his sword. The children, Conan among them, are taken into slavery and chained to a mill called The Wheel of Pain. Conan grows into a young man (Arnold Schwarzenegger), whose muscles have built from years of pushing the heavy grindstone. His master eventually trains him into a gladiator; he is eventually freed after winning several pit fights and receiving training in the East. Conan travels to a warrior's tomb and retrieves a sword. He later on encounters a prophetic witch (Cassandra Gava) and befriends the thief Subotai (Gerry Lopez). On the advice of the witch Conan and Subotai travel to the city of Zamora to find Doom. There, they encounter the female warrior Valeria (Sandahl Bergman). They steal treasure from the Tower of Serpents-killing a giant snake in the process-and after escaping, the thieves celebrate and Conan and Valeria fall in love. The city guards capture the trio and bring them to the court of King Osric
The Aisne is a river in northeastern France. It is a left tributary of the Oise river. It gave its name to the French department of Aisne. It was known in Roman times with its Celtic name of Axona. Geography. The Aisne river has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of . Course. The source of the Aisne is in the "Forest of Argonne", in the Rembercourt-Sommaisne "commune" (Meuse), near the border with the Marne department, at an altitude of about . From here, the Aisne flows to the west. The Aisne river flows through 2 regions and 5 departments. It flows through the following "communes", among others: Finally, it flows into the Oise river in the city of Compiègne. Main tributaries. The main tributaries of the Aisne river are: Left tributaries: Right tributaries: Hydrology. Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is at Trosly-Breuil in the Oise department. The Aisne shows typical seasonal fluctuations. The highest levels of the river are in winter and spring, from December to May inclusive, with the highest level in February. They are followed by a rapid fall in the flow during the low water period that goes from July to October.
The Damodar River is a river in India. It flows through the states of West Bengal and Jharkhand. The river is nicknamed "the Sorrow of Bengal" because of the floods in the plains of West Bengal. Tributaries. The Damodar River has many tributaries. They are: Sorrow of Bengal. Chota Nagpur Plateau receives an annual rainfall of around . The volume of this monsoon rain produces the floods of the Damodar River. Many of the floods of the Damodar River is recorded in the years of 1700, 1855, 1866, 1926, 1935 and 1943.
The History of the United States (1789–1849), sometimes called the Antebellum period, is the history beginning with the Presidency of George Washington and ending just before the American Civil War. The first government, formed under the Articles of Confederation, had ended and a new government based on the United States Constitution began. In the early 19th century, the country went though a number of dramatic changes. The country expanded its borders, cities became industrial centers and the economy grew. Sections of the United States developed differently leading to conflicts and eventually up to a civil war.  Federalist Era. This is the period from 1789 to about 1801 when the Federalist Party controlled the American government. In 1789, Washington was elected the first President of the United States. The Constitution only gave a vague outline of what a president should be. Washington defined the position of President and left office after two terms. During Washington's term, there was a Whiskey Rebellion, where country farmers tried to stop the government from collecting taxes on whiskey. In 1795, Congress passed the Jay Treaty, which allowed for increased trade with Britain in exchange for the British giving up their forts on the Great Lakes. However, Great Britain was still interfering with the U.S., such as impressment (making American sailors join the British Royal Navy).  John Adams defeated Thomas Jefferson in the election of 1796 to become the second President of the United States. This was the first American election that was between two political parties. Under Adams, the United States Navy was created on April 30, 1798. It replaced the earlier Continental Navy which had been disbanded by 1785. By the end of 1798 the U.S. Navy had 14 ships with more being built. Adams pushed for and signed the controversial Alien and Sedition Acts.  In the election of 1800, Jefferson defeated Adams. One of the most important things he did as President was to make the Louisiana Purchase from France, which made the United States twice as big. By 1800 24 treaties had been signed with nine European powers. Jeffersonian period. This is the period from 1800 through 181
There are 5 arrondissements in the Aisne department. The French departments, and in other countries, are divided into "arrondissements", which may be translated into English as districts (in some cases, as boroughs). The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture. If the prefecture (capital) of the department is in an arrondissement, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture. Arrondissements are further divided into communes. The arrondissements of the Aisne are: History. Since its creation, the Aisne department has had few changes:
Tecumseh ( ; March 1768 – October 5, 1813) was a Native American leader of the Shawnee and a large tribal confederacy (known as Tecumseh's Confederacy) which opposed the United States during Tecumseh's War and became an ally of Britain in the War of 1812. He is also the earliest known ruler of the Shawnee Tribe.  Family. Tecumseh had a brother named Tenskwatawa. Tenskwatawa was known as the town drunkard in the town until he changed and became religious. When Tecumseh left for a business trip and left Tenskwatawa in charge, he didn't do a good job. He started a war with his leadership, and a while after Tecumseh returned, Tecumseh was killed. Tecumseh also has a son named Cheeseekau. References. Notes
The arrondissement of Château-Thierry is an arrondissement of France, in the Aisne department, Hauts-de-France region. Its capital is the city of Château-Thierry. History. When the Aisne department was created on 1800, the "arrondissement" of Château-Thierry was part of that original department. On 10 September 1926, the "arrondissement" of Château-Thierry was eliminated but in 1942 it was made again an "arrondissement". Geography. The "arrondissement" of Château-Thierry is the most southern of the "arrondissements" of the Aisne department. It is bordered to the north by the Soissons "arrondissement", to the south and southeast by the Marne department, to the southwest by the Seine-et-Marne department and to the northwest by the Oise department. The "arrondissement" of Château-Thierry is the second smallest "arrondissement" of the department both in area, , and population (73,188 inhabitants). Composition. Cantons. After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". The cantons of the "arrondissement" of Château-Thierry are: Communes. The "arrondissement" of Château-Thierry has 108 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are:
Computational Linguistics is a field of linguistics that deals with making computers understand human language. Some of the biggest sub-fields of computational linguistics are: Speech recognition, which is a computer program that listens to people talk and writes down what they said Speech synthesis, which is a computer program that takes writing and reads it out loud Machine translation, which is a computer program that turns a language into a different one Dialog Systems, which is a computer program that talks with a human to help them do something
The arrondissement of Laon is an arrondissement of France, in the Aisne department, Hauts-de-France region. Its capital, and the Prefecture of the department, is the city of Laon. History. When the Aisne department was created on 1800, the "arrondissement" of Laon was part of that original department. Geography. The "arrondissement" of Laon is the central "arrondissement" of the Aisne department. It is bordered to the northwest by the Saint-Quentin "arrondissement", to the northeast by the Vervins "arrondissement", to the east by the Ardennes department, to the southeast by the Marne department, to the south by the Soissons "arrondissement", to the southwest by the Oise department and to the northwest by the Somme department. The "arrondissement" of Laon is the largest "arrondissement" of the department both in area, , and in population (165,489 inhabitants). Composition. Cantons. After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". The cantons of the "arrondissement" of Laon are: Communes. The "arrondissement" of Laon has 244 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are:
The arrondissement of Saint-Quentin is an arrondissement of France, in the Aisne department, Hauts-de-France region. Its capital is the city of Saint-Quentin. History. When the Aisne department was created on 1800, the "arrondissement" of Saint-Quentin was part of that original department. Geography. The "arrondissement" of Saint-Quentin is in the northwest of the Aisne department. It is bordered to the north by the Nord department, to the east by the Vervins "arrondissement", to the south by the Laon "arrondissement" and to the west by the Somme department. The "arrondissement" of Saint-Quentin is the smallest "arrondissement" of the department in area, , but is the second in population (130,918 inhabitants). Composition. Cantons. After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". All the cantons of the "arrondissement" of Saint-Quentin have their "communes" in the "arrondissement"; they are: Communes. The "arrondissement" of Saint-Quentin has 126 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are:
The arrondissement of Soissons is an arrondissement of France, in the Aisne department, Hauts-de-France region. Its capital is the city of Soissons. History. When the Aisne department was created on 1800, the "arrondissement" of Soissons was part of that original department. Geography. The "arrondissement" of Soissons is in the central part of the Aisne department. It is bordered to the north by the Laon "arrondissement", to the east by the Marne department, to the south by the Château-Thierry "arrondissement" and to the west by the Oise department. The "arrondissement" of Soissons has an area of and a population of 103,840 inhabitants. Composition. Cantons. After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". The cantons of the "arrondissement" of Soissons are: Communes. The "arrondissement" of Soissons has 166 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are:
Full Circle is the fourth studio album by Creed. The album was released on October 27, 2009 through Wind-up Records.
The arrondissement of Vervins is an arrondissement of France, in the Aisne department, Hauts-de-France region. Its capital is the city of Vervins. History. When the Aisne department was created on 1800, the "arrondissement" of Vervins was part of that original department. Geography. The "arrondissement" of Vervins is in the northeast of the Aisne department. It is bordered to the north by the Nord department, to the northeast by Belgium (), to the east by the Ardennes department, to the south by the Laon "arrondissement" and to the west by the Saint-Quentin "arrondissement". The "arrondissement" of Vervins has an area of . It is the "arrondissement" of Aisne with fewest people living in it, 66,348 inhabitants. Composition. Cantons. After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". The cantons of the "arrondissement" of Vervins are: Communes. The "arrondissement" of Vervins has 130 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are:
Dhuys-et-Morin-en-Brie is a commune in the Aisne department of northern France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2016 and consists of the former communes of Artonges, La Celle-sous-Montmirail, Fontenelle-en-Brie and Marchais-en-Brie. The town hall is in Marchais-en-Brie. Name. The "commune" of Dhuys-et-Morin-en-Brie gets is name from: Geography. Dhuys-et-Morin-en-Brie is in the southern part of the Aisne department at to the south of Laon, the prefecture of the department, and at to the southeast of Château-Thierry, the subprefecture of the "arrondissement". It has an area of with an altitude of . Composition. The "commune" is formed by:
Gennifer Flowers (born January 24, 1950) is an American model and actress. She became known after she revealed a sexual affair with President Bill Clinton. Before Clinton's presidency, she posed nude in "Penthouse" magazine. She also acted in two movies and one television show. Flowers was born in Oklahoma City.
iOS 10 is a version of iOS released on September 13, 2016, preceded by iOS 9. iOS 10 includes new features such as 3D touch improvements, the lock screen, Emojis in Messages, Siri's compatibility to third-party apps, and many others. This is the first time Apple has dropped support for devices since iOS 8. Apple since then have a limited support for the iPhone 5, iPhone 5C, and the fourth-generation iPad. Changes. iOS 10 supports Xserve. Messages. The user now has the option of downloading applications from a app store in Messages.
The ivory-billed woodpecker ("Campephilus principalis") is a possibly extinct species of woodpecker. It would be about in length. Its wingspan would be . It is one of 23 species which the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has declared extinct.However, the UCN have not changed its assessment of the species, and the USFWS statement might be revoked in 2022, according to Matt Courtman from Mission Ivorybill. The last sighting was in Arkansas in 2004. They were often mistaken for pileated woodpeckers. The males had red crests, and the females had black crests.
The McCollough effect is a phenomenon of human vision: Colorless gratings appear colored contingent on the orientation of the gratings. People need time to see the effect. For example, if someone looks at a red horizontal grating and then at a green vertical grating for a few minutes, a black-and-white horizontal grating will look greenish and a black-and-white vertical grating will then look pinkish. The effect is remarkable for often lasting up to three months or more. The effect was discovered by American psychologist Celeste McCollough in 1965.
Vallées-en-Champagne is a commune in the Aisne department of northern France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2016 and consists of the former communes of Baulne-en-Brie, La Chapelle-Monthodon and Saint-Agnan. The town hall is in Baulne-en-Brie. Geography. Vallées-en-Champagne is in the southeastern part of the Aisne department, on the border with the Marne department, at to the south of Laon, the prefecture of the department, and at to the southeast of Château-Thierry, the subprefecture of the "arrondissement". It has an area of with an altitude of . Composition. The "commune" is formed by:
Mitchell Lee "Mitch" Hedberg (February 24, 1968 – March 30, 2005) was an American stand-up comedian, actor, and comedian. He was born and raised in St. Paul, Minnesota. Hedberg's trademark was his hippie look and his relaxed unconventional comedic delivery. Career. Hedberg began his stand-up career in Florida. He later moved to Seattle and began to tour. He soon appeared on MTV's "Comikaze". This was followed by a 1996 appearance on the "Late Show with David Letterman" that brought him his big break. He won the 1997 grand prize at the Seattle Comedy Competition. The next year he appeared in an episode of Fox's series "That '70s Show". In 1999, he completed his own independent feature movie, "Los Enchiladas!". He was the star, writer, director and producer. He recorded three comedy CDs: "Strategic Grill Locations", "Mitch All Together", and "Do You Believe in Gosh?". The last was released posthumously. He also appeared at the Montreal Just for Laughs comedy festival in 1996, and again in 1998 and 2001. At the same time as his rising fame in the entertainment industry, Hedberg appeared on Letterman nine more times. He signed a half-million dollar deal with Fox for a television sitcom. Hedberg was supposed to be the next Jerry Seinfeld. George Carlin, Dave Chappelle, Mike Birbiglia and Lewis Black were reportedly among his comedian fans.
Les Septvallons is a commune in the Aisne department of northern France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2016 and consists of the former communes of Glennes, Longueval-Barbonval, Merval, Perles, Révillon, Vauxcéré and Villers-en-Prayères. The town hall is in Longueval-Barbonval. Geography. Les Septvallons is in the eastern part of the Soissons "arrondissement", in the valley of the Aisne river; the "commune" is on the border with the Marne department, at to the south of Laon, the prefecture of the department, and at to the east of Soissons, the subprefecture of the "arrondissement". It has an area of with an altitude of . Composition. The "commune" is formed by: