ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
King Lear is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare. He based it on an old British story about a king named Leir or Lyr. The play might have been first performed in December 1606. It was first printed in 1608. It was printed again in 1623 in the First Folio. This is a collection of all of Shakespeare's plays. Many great actors over the years have played the part of King Lear.  Story. The play is about an old king named Lear. He wants to divide his kingdom between his three daughters. To get the kingdom, they must tell him how much they love him. His youngest daughter Cordelia will not say how much she does, although she's the one who loves him most. She says words will not be able to describe her love. King Lear does not realise this is true love. Lear gets angry at her and will not give her land, and says she is not his daughter anymore. He gives his land to his other daughters Regan and Goneril.  The king soon finds out that Regan and Goneril do not love him. They only wanted his land. The King becomes very mad. The two daughters, and their husbands, throw him out of the land that is now theirs. Lear goes on a trip around the land that was once his as he becomes insane. Regan poisons Goneril out of jealousy. She also kills herself. Lear dies after discovering that Cordelia was the one who always cared for him as she came with a French army to help him but she and King Lear were caught by Edmund; who gave an order to get them both hanged, which happens to Cordelia and causes Lear's grief and death.
Mutual information measures how much more is known about one random value when given another. For example, knowing the temperature of a random day of the year will not reveal what month it is, but it will give some "hint". In the same way, knowing what month it is will not reveal the exact temperature, but will make certain temperatures "more or less likely". These "hints" or "changes in likelihood" are explained and measured with mutual information. Calculating mutual information. Required information. To calculate mutual information, the probability (chance) of all possible events, and the probability of them happening at the same time, is needed. For example, to measure mutual information between month and temperature we would need to know how many days in the year are 10 degrees Celsius, how many days out of the year are March and finally how many days are 10 degrees Celsius in March. Formula. The formula requires the summation, or adding up, of many terms or numbers. Every possible outcome has its own term. From the above calculation of mutual information between month and temperature, we will use the following variables: This means m(3) equals the probability of a randomly selected day being in March. This is 31/365, or about 0.085, since 31 out of 365 days in the year are in March. One term would be as follows: formula_1 In this formula, "log" means logarithm. Adding all possible terms together gives the value for mutual information. Understanding mutual information. Possible values. The larger the mutual information, the more you would learn about one random value (e.g. month) when told another (e.g. temperature). Important facts. Mutual information does not change based on which of the two random values is revealed. This means we know just as much about "temperature when told the month" as we know about "the month when told the temperature". Mutual information is difficult to compare. If we calculate mutual information for weather and another value for a card game, the two values cannot easily be compared.
Yoshi's Island DS (called in Japan) is a platform video game made by Artoon, and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS. It is the sequel to "". How the game is played. The gameplay of "Yoshi's Island DS" is much the same as the Super Nintendo Entertainment System game, but with some small add-ons. The player moves Yoshi through many stages. Yoshi has to get through these stages by not getting hit by enemies or losing the baby he is holding.  Reception. "Yoshi's Island DS" received good scores from lots of video game websites, including IGN and GameSpot who gave separate reviews of the game of 8.0 and 9.1.
The Tillamook are a Native American tribe from the state of Oregon. The word "Tillamook" means "people of Nekelim" in the Chinook language. Also, Tillamook can mean "Land of Many Waters" but it is not as widely used. Tillamook can also be spelled Calamox, Gillamooks, and Killamook. Language. The Tillamook tribe used to speak Tillamook. After a while they learned to speak English. The last person that spoke Tillamook died in 1970. This made the Tillamook language gone forever. Starting in 1965, a group of scientists tried to protect the Tillamook language by talking with the Tillamook people and creating a Tillamook language dictionary. History. The Tillamook tribe used to live between the Necanicum River and Tillamook Bay. The Tillamook were coastal Native Americans. Their name, Tillamook, means "Land of Many Waters" in their language. The first Tilamook people lived around the 1400s. In the 1700s, the population was counted at about 2200 people.
A stick figure, also known as a stick man, is a very simple drawing of a  person or an animal, composed of a few lines, curves, and dots. It is often drawn by children, and known for its simplistic style. On a stick figure, the head is most often represented by a circle, which can be either a solid color or sometimes embellished with details such as eyes, a mouth, or hair. The arms, legs, torso, and abdomen are usually represented with these straight lines. Details such as hands, feet, and a neck may be present or absent; simpler stick figures often display an ambiguous emotional expression or disproportionate limbs, however, most stick figures can be drawn with four or three fingers. The stick figure is a universally recognizable symbol, in all likelihood one of the most well known in the world. It transcends language, location, demographics, and can trace back its roots for almost 30,000 years. Its simplicity and versatility led to the stick figure being used for a variety of purposes: info graphics, signage, comics, animations, games, film storyboards, and many kinds of visual media all employ the stick figure. With the advent of the World Wide Web, the stick figure became a central element within an entire genre of web-based interactive entertainment known as flash animation. Over a period of more than two decades, stick figure animation impacted and shaped the visual landscape of the internet. Animations. Stick figures have also become popular to make simple, and often violent, animations. YouTube channels such as Alan Becker and Hyun's Dojo community create small series of videos.
Hans Michael Frank (23 May 1900 – 16 October 1946) was a German lawyer. He worked for the Nazi Party during the 1920s and 1930s. Later he became a high-ranking official in Nazi Germany.  Frank was prosecuted during the Nuremberg trials for his role in the Holocaust. He was found guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity, and was executed on 16 October 1946. Before his execution, Frank returned to the Catholic Church.
The First Folio is the common name for the first collection of William Shakespeare's plays. It was published in 1623. Its title is Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, &amp; Tragedies. The collection was assembled by Shakespeare's theatrical colleagues, John Heminges and Henry Condell.  Four plays are missing: "Pericles, Prince of Tyre", "The Two Noble Kinsman", and the "lost plays" "Cardenio" and "Love's Labours Won". It is believed about 750 copies were originally published. Two hundred twenty-eight remain in existence. The Folger Library in Washington, D. C. holds the most copies at 82. Copies that arrive at auction realize prices in the millions.
Spotify Camp Nou is a football stadium used by FC Barcelona that was opened in 1957. It can hold 99,354 people, making it the largest stadium in Europe and the second largest football stadium in the world.  The stadium was used to host the 1982 FIFA World Cup and the 1992 Summer Olympics. It also hosted the 1999 UEFA Champions League Final between Manchester United and Bayern Munich.
The Dean of the United States Senate is the Senator that has been in office the longest. Unlike the office of President pro tem, the Office of Dean is not an official position. History. After the death of Daniel Inouye on December 17, 2012, Patrick Leahy became the new Dean of the Senate. Also since the death of Inouye, Leahy became the President pro tempore and "dean". Leahy is the senorist Democratic Senate politician in the United States. When Leahy retired, Chuck Grassley assumed the role in 2023.
38628 Huya, previously known by its provisional designation ) is a trans-Neptunian object (TNO). It was found in March 2000 by Ignacio Ferrin and announced on October 24, 2000. It was given the name Huya, after "Juyá," the Wayuu rain god, in August 2003 by the International Astronomical Union. Size. At the time when it was found, Huya was the biggest and brightest TNO yet found. It was found using data collected by at the CIDA Observatory in Venezuela. Astronomers think it's about 530 km in diameter. Surface. The object has a red-sloped reflectance spectrum, saying that the surface could be rich in organic material such as tholins. Orbit. Given the long orbit that TNOs have around the sun, Huya comes to opposition in early May of each year at an apparent magnitude of 19.3.
2101 Adonis was one of the first near-Earth asteroids to be found. It was found by Eugene Delporte in 1936 and named after Adonis, the beautiful youth with whom the goddess Venus fell in love. Adonis is thought to measure about 1 km in diameter. In the close approach that led to the first time it was found, not enough sightings could be made to find out it's orbit, and Adonis was lost until 1977 when it was found once again by Charles T. Kowal. Adonis was the second Apollo asteroid to be found (after 1862 Apollo itself). It may be a dead comet, and may be the source of some meteor showers.  It comes within 30 Gm of the Earth six times in the 21st century, the nearest being 5.3 Gm in 2036.
1566 Icarus is an Apollo asteroid (a sub-class of near-Earth asteroid). At its closest approach to the Sun (perihelion) it is closer to the Sun than Mercury. In its orbit it crosses the orbits of Mercury, Venus and Mars. It is named after Icarus of Greek mythology, who flew too close to the Sun. The asteroid was found in 1949 by Walter Baade. Icarus makes a close approach to Earth at gaps of 9, 19, or 38 years. Sometimes, it comes as close as 6.4 Gm (16 lunar distances and 4 million miles), as it did on June 14, 1968. The last close approach was in 1996, at 15.1 Gm, about 40 times as far as the Moon. The most recent close approach was on June 16, 2015, 8.1 Gm (5 million miles). In 1967, Paul Sandorff of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology gave his students the task of making a plan to destroy Icarus, if it was going to hit the Earth. This plan is known as Project Icarus (which was the basis for the 1979 science fiction film Meteor, starring Sean Connery).
3200 Phaethon, sometimes incorrectly spelt Phaeton, is an Apollo asteroid and a dead comet. It was announced on 14 October 1983 in IAUC 3878, with optical confirmation that it looks like an asteroid. It was the first asteroid to be found by a spacecraft. It measures 5.10 km in diameter. Phaethon approaches the Sun closer than any other numbered asteroid. Its perihelion (closest approach to the Sun) is only 0.140 AU – less than half Mercury's perihelion distance. It is a Mercury-, Venus-, Earth- and Mars-crosser. The surface temperature at perihelion could reach ~1025 K, or 1400 F. For this reason, it was named after the Greek myth of Phaëton, son of the sun god Helios. Phaethon approached to 18.1 Gm on 10 December 2007. It will draw nearer in 2017, 2050, 2060, and closer still on 14 December 2093, passing within 0.0198 AU (3.0  Gm).
Minor planet designations are number-name combinations given by the Minor Planet Center, a part of the IAU. They are used for dwarf planets and small Solar System bodies such as asteroids, but not comets. They are given to a body once its orbit is secured and unrelated to provisional designations, given when an object is found.  The two parts of a formal designation are It looks like this: codice_1, for example (90377) Sedna or . According to what the astronomer wants, the brackets are now often removed, as in 90377 Sedna. In practice, however, the number is primarily a catalog entry for any reasonably well-known object. Therefore, the name or provisional designation is generally used in the formal designation: Sedna, . The rule for moons of minor planets, such as the formal designation (87) Sylvia I Romulus for the asteroid moon Romulus, is an extension of the Roman numeral convention used, on and off, for the moons of the planets since Galileo's time. The Minor Planet Center also managed comets but used a different cataloging system. History. By 1851, there were 15 asteroids, all but one with their own symbol. The symbols were becoming less and less simple, and, as they had to be drawn by hand, astronomers found some of them hard to draw. This difficulty was addressed by Benjamin Apthorp Gould in 1851, who suggested numbering asteroids in the order that they were found, and placing this number in a circle as the symbol for the asteroid, such as ④ for the fourth asteroid, Vesta. This practice was soon coupled with the name itself into an official number-name designation, "④ Vesta", as the number of minor planets increased. By "ca" 1858, the circle had been simplified to brackets, "(4)" and "(4) Vesta", which was easier to typeset. Other punctuation such as "4) Vesta" and "4, Vesta" was also used, but had more or less completely died out by 1949. The major exception to the convention that the number tracks the order they were or the order that they're orbit
is a popular ball-shaped Japanese dumpling. It is like a savory pancake in a ball-shape which is cooked in a special pan. "Takoyaki" is a specialty of Osaka and Kyoto. It is usually eaten as a snack. Many people in Osaka and Kyoto have a special cooker that makes takoyaki. This is because they eat takoyaki often. History. "Takoyaki" was invented in Osaka in 1935 by Tomekichi Endo. It is most often made with flour and small pieces of boiled octopus. Minor planet. A minor planet named "6562 Takoyaki" was discovered in 1991 by M. Yanai and K. Watanabe at Katani. The name was selected by children who visited the Funai Space Festival which was held in Osaka in 2001.
Nishinomiya is a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. It is in the Kansai region of Japan and has a population of 483,598.  It has been recognized as a core city since 2008. History. The Great Hanshin Earthquake on January 17, 1995 killed 1,134 people in Nishinomiya and injring 6386 people. 34,181 buildings were completely destroyed with 27,116 buildings being partially destroyed. Nishinomiya had 194 evacuation spots with 44,351 evacuees. Some famous places in Nishinomiya include Koshien Stadium, where the professional baseball team the Hanshin Tigers play, and Nishinomiya Gardens. Economy. Nishinomiya is famous in Japan for its sake (rice wine) production. Other food production is the main industry. There are also docks for shipping. Leisure and Culture. There are huge shopping centres that are very popular. The city is the home of the famous Hanshin Tigers baseball team who play at Koshien Stadium. The Tigers have won the Central League pennant five times (1962, 1964, 1985, 2003, 2005) and the Japan Series once (1985). In each of 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2009, more than three million people attended games at their Nishinomiya stadium. There are many shrines, such as Nishinomiya Shrine, Hirota-jinja and Kannō-ji. A popular light novel, manga, and anime series 'The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya' is set in Nishinomiya.
The 1979 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, 1979 and ended on November 30, 1979. This was an average season with 20 storms, however only 9 became tropical. This was a damaging and deadly season most of the damage was caused by Tropical Storm Claudette, Hurricane David and Hurricane Frederic. Most deaths were caused by Hurricane David. Storm names. This is the list of names that were set aside for the 1979 Atlantic hurricane season. The list is not the same as in 1973 because in 1979 male names were added to the list. Names that were not used are marked in . Retired names. In the spring of 1980, the names, David and Frederic were retired and replaced with the names Danny and Fabian.
The 1969 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, 1969 and ended on November 30, 1969. This season was highly active in fact, at that time it was the most active it has since fallen many times. This season featured the very powerful, Hurricane Camille. Retired names. In the spring of 1970, Camille was retired.
Hanasaka-jiisan(花咲か爺）is a famous folk story of Japan. The name means "old man who made flowers blossom(Japanese flower)". The story became famous in Japan in the Edo Period (1603-1868). Story. There was a kind-hearted old man, Hanasaka-jiisan, who grew cherry blossoms. The old man and his wife had a white puppy. One day, their dog barked, “Koko-hore-wan-wan,” (meaning "Dig here! Bark bark!") while digging in a field. The old man dug up gold and made the old man very rich. The old man was very happy. The old man's neighbor saw the dog barking and watched as the old man dig up the treasure. The old couple’s neighbors were jealous of this. So they stole the white puppy away, and ordered him to search for treasure. They beat him, then he went to search for treasure. But they only found rubbish. So, then they killed the dog. The old man was crushed with grief. The neighbor's gave the old man and his wife the dog's ashes.  Then, the dog appeared in the old man's dream. The dog said, "Please scatter my ashes on the dead cherry blossom tree!" The old man followed the dog's directions. Then, the dead cherry blossom tree came into full bloom. The old man and his wife received great praise from a feudal lord passing by.
ICOCA is an IC (Integrated Circuit) Card used on the JR West rail network in Japan. It stands for "Integrated Circuit Operating Card." It can be used as a riding ticket or digital cash. For example, you can use it to get on a train or, to buy a drink at a convenience store, or bread from a bakery. How To Purchase. The Green Windows ("midori-no-madoguchi") of JR stations sell ICOCA cards. The price of the card is 500 yen (about $5 USD), but at first you must pay 2,000 yen (about $20 USD), and you immediately get 1,500 yen (about $15 USD) of cash on the card. The limit you can have on the card is 20,000 yen (about $200 USD). Origin of Name. The name of the card is a play on the phrase, "Ikoka" (行こか), which means, "Let's go," in the western Japanese dialect.
Mono no aware (物の哀れ) is a Japanese phrase. Overview. "Mono no aware" means "the pathos of things" in English. Pathos is the power in literature that creates feelings of sorrow, pity and tenderness. "Mono no aware" is a very important concept when reading old literature so that the reader can understand the importance and beauty of the literature. It is used to express the keen emotion and pathos of a piece of literature and the feeling it gives the readers' senses, such as the description of a sound or scenery. "The Tale of Genji", said to be the world's oldest novel, is a good example of literature that gives its readers the sense of "mono no aware". Origin. "Mono no aware" was first used by Motoori Norinaga (1730 – 1801) to describe Heian Period (794 – 1185 ) literature, especially "Tales of Genji". Contemporary culture. Notable manga artists who use "mono no aware"-style storytelling include Hitoshi Ashinano, Kozue Amano, and Kaoru Mori. In anime, both "Only Yesterday", by Isao Takahata, and "Mai Mai Miracle", by Sunao Katabuchi make note of the passing of time in a gentle way by presenting the main plot against a parallel one from the past. In addition, the Japanese director Yasujiro Ozu was well known for making a sense of "mono no aware".
Salmon (pronounced sa-mon, as the l is silent) is a range of pale pinkish-orange to light pink colors, named after the color of salmon flesh. The first recorded use of "salmon" as a color name in English was in 1776.
A saddle is like a seat for a rider, which is held to an animal's back by a belly strap called a girth. The most common type is the equestrian saddle made for a horse. Saddles have been made for camels and other animals. The earliest saddles were simple pads fixed with a surcingle seen by 800 BC, with the saddle tree coming into use about 200 BC, and paired stirrups by 322 AD Saddles in use today, date back to the 1700s. Today, modern saddles come in different styles, designed for different equestrian activities. They need careful fit for both the rider and the horse. Proper saddle care can extend the useful life of a saddle, often for many years. The two most common saddle types used for horse riding are the English saddle and the Western saddle. The English saddle is used for horse sports like show jumping, dressage, and eventing. It is also used for horse showing. It has less leather and is lighter than most Western saddles.  The Western saddle is used for horse activities where the rider needs more support than in and english saddle. It is also used for showing, barrel racing, rodeo, and many other sports. The biggest difference is it has a horn on the front, and a higher cantle. This was used originally for tying cattle off when working, so the ranchers could brand or work with the cow. It's now used more widely, in barrel racing it's used for support, in roping events, it's still used to tie cattle.  There are many different types of English and Western saddles. All are designed for a specific purpose. So while they might look different, they all help the rider for the sport or activity for which they were designed. For example, a rider would not want to jump in a Western saddle because the horn would make it hard for them to stay in the correct position over the jump. A rider would not want to work cows in a jumping saddle because they would not have a horn and because the Western saddle puts the rider in a better position for working cows.
A bridle is equipment used to direct and control a horse. The bridle holds a bit which goes in the mouth of a horse, and has reins which are joined to the bit. Bridles are usually made of leather. They are made of different parts which are buckled together. The headpiece, also called a crownpiece, goes behind the horse's ears. The browband is placed across the horse's forehead. Sometimes, a strap called a martingale is attached to the noseband. A bridle without a bit uses a noseband to control a horse, and is called a hackamore, or a bitless bridle. Bitless bridles work by pressure and leverage on the horse's nose and chin groove. Bitless bridles can be useful for horses that have problems with their mouths. It is more difficult to turn a horse using a bitless bridle. Bitless bridles can provide tremendous leverage and stopping power.
The Greek Wikipedia (also Hellenic Wikipedia, Elliniki Vikipedia, ) is the fifth language of the online encyclopedia Wikipedia. It started on December 1, 2002. By 15 December 2003, it had 1,000 articles. As of October 2009, it had reached over 45,000 articles. As of October 2015, it is the 50th largest edition of Wikipedia by number of articles.
August Franz Anton Hans Fritzsche (21 April 1900 in Bochum – 27 September 1953 in Cologne) was a Nazi official. At the end of World War II, he was "Ministerialdirektor" at the Propagandaministerium ("Ministerial Director at the Ministry of Propaganda"). Fritzsche was one of the 24 people charged at the Nuremberg Trials. He was acquitted.