ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Soghomon Gevorki Soghomonyan - Komitas Vardepet (also "Gomidas Vartabed") (September 26 1869 in Kütahya, Ottoman Empire - October 22 1935, Paris, France), was an Armenian priest, composer, choir leader, singer, music ethnologist, music teacher and musicologist, known as the founder of modern Armenian classical music. He was born into a family whose members were deeply involved in music and were monolingual in Turkish. His mother died when he was one and ten years later his father died. In 1895 he became a priest and obtained the title Vardapet (or Vartabed), meaning a "priest" or a "church scholar". He established and conducted the monastery choir till 1896 when he went to Berlin, to the Kaiser Friedrich Wilhelm University. Here he studied music at the private conservatory of Prof. Richard Schmidt. In 1899 he acquired the title "doctor of musicology" and returned to Echmiadzin. He traveled extensively around the country, listening and recording details about Armenian folk songs and dances performed in various villages. This way he collected and published some 3000 songs, many of them adapted to choir singing. His major work is Badarak (Divine Liturgy), still used today as one of the two most popular musical settings of the Armenian Church liturgy. He was the first non-European to be admitted into the International Music Society of which he was a co-founder. On April 24, 1915, said to be the day when Armenian Genocide officially began, he was arrested. The next day he was put on a train with 180 other Armenian notables and sent to the city of Çankırı in northern Central Anatolia, at a distance of some 300 miles. His good friend, Turkish nationalist poet Emin Yurdakul, the authoress Halide Edip, and the U.S. ambassador Henry Morgenthau intervened with the government and, by special orders from Talat Pasha, Komitas was sent back to the capital. In autumn 1916, he was taken to
Oberägeri is a municipality in the canton of Zug in Switzerland. Oberägeri is on a plain on the northern shore of the Ägerisee.
Cham is a municipality in the canton of Zug in Switzerland. Other websites. Famous People from Cham Deniz Urcum DON LOZANO Oleksandr Mozoriuk
Solothurn is a canton of Switzerland. It can be found in the northwest of Switzerland. The capital is Solothurn. Districts. There are 10 districts in Solothurn: Municipalities. The canton has 125 municipalities:
A pickup truck is a type of vehicle designed to move things. It is an all-purpose vehicle generally used for the transport of goods. They have an uncovered rear (called a box, boat, raft, bucket, body, plate, bed or basin). It is a cargo area for products or objects. The style is common in North America. Pickup truck cabs have options that can make them as comfortable to drive as a car. History. In the early days of automobile manufacturing, vehicles were sold as a chassis only, and third parties added bodies on top. In 1902, the Rapid Motor Vehicle Company was founded by Max Grabowsky and Morris Grabowsky who built one-ton carrying capacity trucks in Pontiac, Michigan. In 1913, the Galion Allsteel Body Company, an early developer of the pickup and dump truck, built and installed hauling boxes on slightly modified Ford Model T chassis, and from 1917 on the Model TT. Seeking part of this market share, Dodge introduced a 3/4-ton pickup with cab and body constructed entirely of wood in 1924. In 1925, Ford followed up with a Model T-based, steel-bodied, half-ton with an adjustable tailgate and heavy-duty rear springs. Billed as the "Ford Model T Runabout with Pickup Body", it sold for ; 34,000 were built. In 1928, it was replaced by the Model A, which had a closed-cab, safety-glass windshield, roll-up side windows, and three-speed transmission. In 1931, GM introduced light-duty pickups for both GMC and Chevrolet targeted at private ownership. These pickup trucks were based on the Chevrolet Master. In 1940, GM introduced the dedicated light-truck platform, separate from passenger cars, which GM named the AK series. Ford North America continued to offer a pickup body style on the Ford Model 51, and the Ford Australian division produced the first Australian "ute" in 1932. In 1940, Ford offered a dedicated light-duty truck platform called the Ford F100, then upgraded the platform after World War II to the Ford F-Series in 1948. Dodge at first assumed heavier truck production from
The John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC) is a spaceport in Merritt Island, Florida. It is one of the ten field centers of NASA. It was originally known as Launch Operations Center. Since December 1968, KSC has been the main launch site of human spaceflight, research, and technology of the United States. Its Launch Complex 39 has been used to launch spacecraft under Apollo, Skylab and Space Shuttle programs. KSC borders Cape Canaveral Space Force Station (CCSFS), which works with KSC. The first Apollo flights and all flights under Project Mercury and Project Gemini took off from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station. It was known as Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS) when the flights took place. Launch Operations Directorate, and later Kennedy Space Center, looked after after their launches. Since the fourth Gemini flight, the Mercury Control Center (MCC), later the Launch Control Center (LCC), looks after a space vehicle until the vehicle takes off. After that, the Christopher C. Kraft Jr. Mission Control Center (MCC-H) in Houston looks after the vehicle. Before the fourth Gemini flight, the Mercury Control Center looked after the vehicle for the entire flight. Additionally, KSC looks after the launch of robotic and commercial crew flights. It also researches on food production and in-situ resource utilization to explore outside our Earth. Since 2010, KSC has worked to become a multi-user spaceport through industry partnerships. It also adds new launch pads, for example Launch Complex 39C and Launch Complex 48. There are about 700 facilities and buildings in the of KSC. The unique facilities of KSC are the tall Vehicle Assembly Building (VAB) to assemble rockets, the Launch Control Center (LCC) to start space launches, the Operations and Checkout Building (O&amp;C) for astronauts, the Space Station Processing Facility (SSPF) and the long Launch and Landing Facility (LLF). There is also a Visitor Complex open to the public. Location. Kennedy Space Center is on Merritt Island, Florida. It is northwest of Cape Canaveral on the Atlantic Ocean and east of Orlando.
The Bradleys Head Fortification Complex is near Toronga Park Zoo. This fort was part of Sydney Harbour’s protection plan. It [the fort] remembers a time when the colony of New South Wales became more aware of its isolation and wealth. The fort is on Bradleys Head Road, Mosman, New South Wales, Australia. History. They first started work to build the fort in 1840-42. It had a gun pit (special place for the cannon to sit and fire from) and firing wall (pictured in intro) that was built out of large blocks of sandstone and carved partly from the original rock that was already there. The first part of the building process around this time was done under the watchful eye of Major George Barney, a Commanding Royal Engineer who used hired workers provided by Governor Gipps. In 1871 the fort got an extra barracks. The barracks were made from large sandstone blocks and carved out of the rock on the headland. This addition was the work of James Barnet, a colonial architect. This most recent add-on had three gun pits and had connecting walkways for the people in the army that worked there. The upgrade of 1871 was complementary to some of the larger fortifications being constructed during the same period. The site is now part of the Sydney Harbour Federation Trust.
Schaffhausen is a canton of Switzerland. The capital city of the canton is Schaffhausen. Geography. The canton of Schaffhausen is the canton of Switzerland farthest north, located to the north of Zurich.  The Rhine Falls are the largest waterfalls in Europe and lie on the border of the canton of Schaffhausen, the canton of Zurich and Germany.
Vermes was a municipality, in the new municipality of Val Terbi and district of Delémont in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
The Rhine Falls, called the Rheinfall in Switzerland, are the biggest waterfalls of Europe. They can be found in the High Rhine in the upper parts of the river Rhine, in the municipalities of Neuhausen am Rheinfall and Laufen-Uhwiesen, near the town of Schaffhausen in the north part of Switzerland and close to the German border. They are 150 meters (450 ft) wide and 23 meters (75 ft) tall.  The Rhine Falls were made in the last ice age about 14,000 to 17,000 years ago. &lt;br&gt;
Vicques was a municipality of the district of Delémont in the canton of Jura in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013, the former municipalities of Vicques, Montsevelier and Vermes merged into the new municipality of Val Terbi.
Robert Dyas is a large United Kingdom company. They sell goods that people can use in their homes and gardens. The company has over 100 stores in Greater London and South East England. History. The company was established in 1872. It was taken over in 2004 by Change Capital, headed by former Marks and Spencer chairman Luc Vandevelde and former M&amp;S CEO and head of B&amp;Q Roger Holmes.
Cologne Government Region (German: "Regierungsbezirk Köln", Kölsch: "Rejierungsbezirk Kölle") is one of the five governmental districts of the German Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia. It is in the southwest of that state. It covers the hills of the Eifel as well as the Bergisches Land. It was made in 1815, when Prussia reorganised its districts.
Detmold () is one of the five Regierungsbezirke of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is in the northeast of the state. The Regierungsbezirk was created in 1947 when the old state of Lippe was put into North Rhine-Westphalia and joined to the old "Regierungsbezirk Minden". Regierungsbezirk Minden was one of the original Regierungsbezirke, formed in 1815.
Neuhausen am Rheinfall is a municipality in the canton of Schaffhausen in Switzerland. The municipality is known for the Rhine Falls, Europe's largest waterfall.
Düsseldorf is one of the five Regierungsbezirke of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, in the northwest of the country. It covers the western part of the Ruhr Area. It is the most populated of all German administrative areas of the kind. It was formed in 1815 when Prussia first made districts.
Stetten can be one of many different places: Switzerland. Stetten is the name of two Swiss municipalities:
112 ("one-twelve") is an American R&amp;B quartet that came from Atlanta, Georgia. They started in 1991. In 1997 they won a Grammy Award.
Bucheggberg is one of the 10 districts of the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland, found in the southwest of the canton.  Bucheggberg contains the following municipalities:
Dorneck is one of the 10 districts of the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland, found in the north of the canton.  Dorneck contains the following municipalities:
Gäu is one of the 10 districts of the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland, found in the center of the canton.  Gäu contains the following municipalities:
Gösgen is one of the 10 districts of the canton of Solothurn, Switzerland, found in the northeast of the canton.  Gösgen contains the following municipalities:
Boney M. was an R&amp;B, disco and reggae group created by West German record producer Frank Farian. They were very successful in the 1970s. Chart positions. Singles. Singles chart peaking in various countries. Includes U.S. Hot Dance Club Play chart entries.
Münster is one of the five "Regierungsbezirke" of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, in the north of the state. The "Regierungsbezirk" was made in 1815. This means it is one of the original 25 "Regierungsbezirke" made to help govern Prussia. The last time the boundaries of the region were changed was 1975. This was when the number of districts was changed from 10 to 5, and the number of district-free cities (urban districts) from six to three.
Caffè Nero (Italian for "black coffee") or Caffè Nero Group Plc is a British coffee shop chain. It was established in 1997 and runs more than 330 shops nationwide. The company successfully dismissed a hostile takeover attempt during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Costa Coffee is a British multinational coffeehouse and retail company headquartered in Dunstable, Bedfordshire, and a wholly owned subsidiary of Coca Cola. It is the largest coffeehouse chain in the world behind Starbucks and the largest in Britain.[2] Costa Coffee was founded in London in 1971 by the Costa family as a wholesale operation supplying roasted coffee to caterers and specialist Italian coffee shops. Acquired by Whitbread in 1995 for £19M, it has since grown to over 3,277 stores across 31 countries. The business has 2,121 UK restaurants, over 6,000 Costa Express vending facilities and a further 1,280 outlets overseas (including 395 in China).[1][3] History. Italian emigrant brothers Bruno and Sergio Costa founded a coffee roastery in Lambeth, London, in 1971, supplying local caterers. The family having moved to England in the 1960s.[4][5] Costa branched out to selling coffee in 1978, when its first store opened on Vauxhall Bridge Road, London. In 1985, Sergio bought out Bruno's share of the company. Bruno went on to found a tableware company.[6] By 1995, the chain had 41 stores in UK.[7] In 1995, the business was acquired by Whitbread for £19M, UK's largest hotel and coffee shop operator, becoming a wholly owned subsidiary. In 2009, Costa opened its 1,000th store - in Cardiff. In December 2009, Costa Coffee agreed to acquire Coffee Heaven for £36 million, adding 79 stores in central and eastern Europe.[8] On 31 August 2018, Coca Cola paid US$4.9 billion for the Costa chain worldwide. After approval from regulatory authorities in the European Union and China, the deal went ahead, extending Coca-Cola's presence in the coffee and restaurant market.
Israel W. Charny (1931 – 14 December 2024) was an Israeli psychologist and genocide scholar. He was a world renowned genocide expert. He is the editor of the two-volume "Encyclopedia of Genocide". He is executive director of the Institute on the Holocaust and Genocide in Jerusalem. He was born in New York City. An affiliate of the Institute for the Study of Genocide, the International Association of Genocide Scholars was founded in 1994 by Israel Charny and other historians. He has been devoted to the study of the Holocaust and genocide since the mid 1960s. His first publication on the subject which appeared in Jewish Education in 1968 was "Teaching the Violence of the Holocaust: A Challenge to Educating Potential Future Oppressors and Victims for Nonviolence." Charny died on 14 December 2024 in Jerusalem at the age of 93.
Vahakn Norair Dadrian (; 26 May 1926 – 2 August 2019) was a researcher and historian of the Armenian Genocide. He was the director of Genocide Research at "Zoryan Institute". Biography. Dadrian was born in Istanbul. He first studied mathematics at the University of Berlin, after which he decided to switch to a completely different field, and studied history at the University of Vienna, and later, international law at the University of Zürich. He completed his Ph.D. in sociology from the University of Chicago. Dadrian was a professor of sociology, and an internationally renowned expert on the Armenian genocide. The particularity of Dadrian's research is that by mastering many languages, including German, English, French, Turkish, Ottoman Turkish and Armenian.
David Lynn Selby (born February 5, 1941 in Morgantown, West Virginia) is an American actor, mostly in movies, soap operas and on television.  Biography. The son of Clyde Ira Selby and Sarah E. McIntyre Selby, he went to West Virginia University in the town of his birth, getting him a Bachelor of Science and a Master's degree in theater, and after that, a Ph.D. from Southern Illinois University. Awards. In 1998, West Virginia University gave Selby its first Life Achievement Award from the College of Creative Arts.
Publius Ovidius Naso. better known as Ovid in the English-speaking world, was an Ancient Roman poet. He was born on March 20, 43 BC in Sulmona, then called "Sulmo". People today do not know when he died. It was probably either 17 AD or 18 AD. He died in Tomis, which is modern-day Constanţa in Romania.  With Virgil and Horace he is considered among the three great poets of Latin literature. Ovid usually wrote in verses. Ovid was the most widely read classical author in medieval times and the Renaissance.
Lebern is one of the 10 districts of the canton of Solothurn, Switzerland, found in the west of the canton.  Lebern district has these municipalities:
Olten is one of the 10 districts of the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland, found by the city of Olten.  Olten contains the following municipalities:
Thal is one of the 10 districts of the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland, found in the center of the canton. Thal contains the following municipalities:
Thierstein is one of the 10 districts of the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland, found in the north of the canton.  Thierstein contains 12 municipalities:
Wasseramt is one of the 10 districts of the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland, found in the south of the canton.  Wasseramt contains these municipalities:
Waterboarding is a type of torture that has been used for a long time. It was often used to make people confess - sometimes falsely, to crimes they did not commit.  The victim is tied onto a table or wooden board. The questioner has a helper, whose job it is to pour water on the victim's nose and mouth through a towel or cloth, to make it difficult for him to breathe. If and when the victim is supplying answers that the questioner deems acceptable, the victim may be permitted to breathe.  In modern times waterboarding has been in use in Guantanamo Bay and has been a major political argument. Its use by American forces was banned by United States President Barack Obama in 2009.
Aeschi is a municipality of the district of Wasseramt in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland. Burgäschisee is a lake in the forest on the border with Seeberg. The municipality of Steinhof merged on 1 January 2012 into the municipality of Aeschi.
The Thousand Islands International Bridge is an international bridge that goes over the Saint Lawrence River. It connects the north part of New York in the United States with south east part of Ontario in Canada. It was made in 1937. Builders added parts in 1959. The bridge goes over the edge that Canada and United States share in the middle of the Thousand Islands area. It gets its name from the name of the area. The bridge is governed by the Thousand Island Bridge Authority, an agency that works around the world. The bridge is not a single bridge. It is really a lot of bridges that go across parts of the St. Lawrence River, eventually connecting both sides. The south end of the bridge connects with Interstate 81, an interstate. The north side of the bridge connects to Highway 137, a highway in Ontario. There is also an intersection with the Thousand Islands Parkway, a mini highway on the Ontario side. Thousand Island Bridge Authority is doing a study to find out when the bridge will get to its working limits and how to make no waiting time on the bridge. The international border is between Wellesley Island in the United States and Hill Island in Canada. The bridge is much taller than it appears in the photograph to the right. The highest point is 150 feet above the water.
The Siege of Orleans (1428 – 1429) was an important event in the Hundred Years' War between France and England. This was Joan of Arc's first success and the first big success for the French since the Battle of Agincourt in 1415.  The city of Orleans was at an important place on the river Loire. The English controlled large parts of France when they started the siege, and Orleans was the last thing stopping them from attacking the rest of France. There was not much south of the river to defend the people who served Charles VII of France, so the English came close to joining their northern lands in France with the land they controlled at Aquitaine. The siege started on October 12, 1428 and its only major action until Joan of Arc arrived was the Battle of the Herrings. She initiated several attacks that ended the siege on May 8, 1429 - nine days after her arrival.
The Battle of Agincourt was fought on 25 October 1415 and was a major win for England against France in the Hundred Years' War. It led to several later English victories. Henry V of England led the English army and Constable of France Charles d'Albret led a larger French army. King Charles of France didn't engage because he was mentally unwell. Henry V was involved in hand-to-hand combat and was struck by an axe but his helmet saved him. The English longbow was an important weapon for killing and winning this battle. It was more powerful than the French crossbow and they had more of them. The majority of the army were bowmen. The English army used sharp wooden archer's stakes to protect the archers from French mounted knights. The English took prisoners but killed all except those of high rank. Overall the French lost 8000 men and the English lost 100 but historians are unsure of the actual numbers. The French mainly lost because they wore heavy armour and got stuck in the sticky mud at Azincourt (Agincourt).
Charles V (21 January 1338 — 16 September 1380), called the Wise (French: "le Sage") was the King of France from 1364 until his death in 1380. He was a member of the House of Valois and was the third french king to rule under the dynasty. He was born in Vincennes, the son of the future King John II of France (then known as Dauphin John) and Bonne of Luxembourg. Charles was 11 years old when his mother Bonne of Luxembourg died. A year later when Charles was 12, his grandfather, King Philip VI died. John then became the King of France and Charles became the Dauphin. Also, his father got remarried to Joan I, Countess of Auvergne. After his father was captured by the English at the Battle of Poitiers in 1356, Charles acted as the Regent of France until his father's death in 1364.  His reign marked a high point for France during the Hundred Years' War. His armies recovered large parts of the territory from King Edward III of England that had been given to England under the reign of his predecessors at the Treaty of Brétigny. He and his armies also defeated Edward III's fleet and kicked the English troops out of France. Charles died on 16 September 1380 at the age of 42 in Beauté-sur-Marne near Vincennes and was succeeded by his 12 year old son, Charles VI. He was buried in Saint Denis Basilica. Charles was a successful king. He was very capable and was also very intelligent. He was very popular around France and was undoubtedly one of France's greatest kings. These reasons eventually gave him the nickname, "the Wise". He also improved the economy of France and stabilized and centralized the country and left a stable throne and a stable country for his son and successor, Charles VI. However, under the reign of Charles VI, the country lad lost lands allowing the English to regain it and that the country became destabilized and decentralized.
Émile Zola () (2 April 1840 – 29 September 1902) was a major French writer and the most important naturalist writer. He worked toward political liberalization of France. Zola was nominated for the first and second Nobel Prize in Literature in 1901 and 1902. His death from carbon monoxide poisoning is suspected to have been suicide.
The Capetian Dynasty includes any of the direct descendants of Hugh Capet of France. King Felipe VI of Spain and the grand duke of Luxembourg are members of this family, both through the Bourbon branch of the dynasty. The "direct Capetians" ruled France from the years 987–1328. After that the junior House of Valois ruled France until 1589, and the House of Bourbon ruled until the revolution of 1792.