ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
The Third International Theory, also known as the Third Universal Theory (), was the style of government proposed by Muammar Gaddafi in the early 1970s, on which his government, the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, was officially based. It was inspired by Islamic socialism, Arab nationalism, African nationalism and the principles of direct democracy. The Third International Theory was meant to be an alternative to capitalism and communism, which Gaddafi felt were not appropriate for the countries of the Third World (not allies with either the US or the Soviet Union). In 2011, the Libyan government based on this political theory was overthrown and Gaddafi was killed. Background. Historical context. In the 1960s and 70s, an ideology called Islamic socialism became popular in the Arab world. People believed that socialism should be combined with the principles of Islam so that there would be a more fair and just world. Many people believed that capitalism and communism were both disrespectful of Islam and allowed other countries to control them. On September 1, 1969, a group of Libyan army officers overthrew the king and established a republic. This republic was ruled by a Revolutionary Command Council (RCC) that was led by a young colonel whose name was Muammar Gadaffi. The revolution was against imperialism. On October 7, they told the UN that foreign bases would not be allowed on Libyan soil. In 1973, the country was renamed Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya. "Jamahiriya" is an Arabic word that means "People's Republic." Beliefs. The beliefs of the Third International Theory are described in Gadaffi's "Green Book". The book is divided into three parts: "People Power". The first part of "The Green Book" is called "Solving the problem of democracy: The Authority of the People." The theory says that a country should not be holding a referendum, have a political party, or have a parliament. Gaddafi believed that these are not things a true democracy should have. People's Congress. In the Jamahiriya, everyone is part of the People's Congresses, which then elect the People's
Michael M. Richter (June 21, 1938 – July 10, 2020) was a German mathematician and computer scientist. Richter was well known for his career in mathematical logic. His works focused in non-standard analysis, and artificial intelligence. He was a key figure in case-based reasoning. Richter was born in Berlin. Richter died on July 10, 2020 at the age of 82.
Nicholas Langrishe Alleyne Lash (6 April 1934 – 11 July 2020) was an English Roman Catholic theologian. He worked for a short while as a Roman Catholic priest. He held for twenty years the post of Norris-Hulse Professor of Divinity in the University of Cambridge from 1978 to 1999. Lash died on 11 July 2020, aged 86.
John Robert Geoffrey Neale (21 September 1926 – 17 July 2020) was a British Anglican bishop. From 1974 to 1988, he was the first suffragan Bishop of Ramsbury in the Church of England and the first area bishop under that diocese's from 1981 to 2009. Neale died on 17 July 2020 at the age of 93.
Angela Jane Johnson (born January 17, 1964) is an American felon. In 1993, she helped Dustin Lee Honken (March 22, 1968July 17, 2020) in the murders of five people in Iowa. The victims were related to a drug trial against Honken. Honken was involved in the creation and selling of methamphetamine and one of his dealers was set to testify against him, and so Honken and Johnson murdered him along with his girlfriend and her two daughters (age 6 and 10). A few months later, the fifth victim, also a former dealer, was murdered. Dustin Honken was sentenced to death and executed on July 17, 2020, the first person from Iowa to be executed since 1963. Angela Johnson was also sentenced to death, the first woman sentenced to death by a United States federal jury since the 1950s, but the sentence was overturned in 2012 and she was re-sentenced to life without parole in 2014.
Sanjiv Sam Gambhir (November 23, 1962 – July 18, 2020) was an Indian-born American physician and scientist. He was the Virginia and D.K. Ludwig Professor in Cancer Research, Chairman of the Department of Radiology at Stanford University School of Medicine. He authored 680 publications and had over 40 patents pending or granted. He was born in Ambala, India. Gambhir died on July 18, 2020 from cancer in Stanford, California at the age of 57.
Cécile Reims (19 October 1927 – 18 July 2020) was a French engraver and writer. She was a resistance member of World War II. She received the Legion of Honour in 2013. Reims was born in Paris. Reims died in La Châtre on 18 July 2020, aged 92.
Jaybee Niño Manicad Sebastian (1979/1980 – July 18, 2020) was a Filipino criminal. He was at the New Bilibid Prison (NBP). He was convicted for kidnap-for-ransom and carjacking in 2009. He was known for running a prison and being involved in the illegal drug trade within the prison. Sebastian died of COVID-19 at the New Bilibid Prison Hospital on July 18, 2020, aged 40.
Sulṭān Hāshim Aḥmad Muḥammad al-Ṭāʾī ( 1942 – July 19, 2020) was an Iraqi military commander. He was Minister of Defense under Saddam Hussein's regime from 1995 to 2003. He was born in Mosul, Iraq.  Ahmad Al-Tai died on July 19, 2020 from a heart attack at a prison near Nasiriyah, Iraq.
Alhaji Momodo Njie (30 March 1948 – 19 July 2020), also known as Biri Biri, was a Gambian footballer. He played as a right winger. He known for playing for Sevilla FC in Spain and Herfølge Boldklub in Denmark. From 1963 to 1987, he played for the national team. Biri died on 19 July 2020, aged 72, in Dakar, Senegal.
Giulia Maria Crespi (6 June 1923 – 19 July 2020) was an Italian media businesswoman. She was a non-profit executive and environmentalist. She was the founder of Fondo Ambiente Italiano. She became Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic. Crespi was born Merate, Italy. Crespi died in Milan on 19 July 2020, aged 97.
Giuseppe Ottaviani (20 May 1916 – 19 July 2020) was an Italian centenarian and masters athlete. He was born in Sant'Ippolito, Italy. He turned 100 in May 2016. Ottaviani died in Sant'Ippolito on 19 July 2020 at the age of 104. He was the first and only centenary athlete to make triple jump. He was the indoor world record holder in the M95 and M100 60 metres. He also held the indoor world record for the triple jump and long jump, and the outdoor world record for the triple jump.
Emitt Lynn Rhodes (February 25, 1950 – July 19, 2020) was an American singer-songwriter, musician and recording engineer. Rhodes began his career in musical ensembles The Palace Guard as the group's drummer before joining The Merry-Go-Round as a multi-instrumentalist. He was known for writing the 1967 single "Live" with The Merry-Go-Round. He also performed with The Palace Guard. Rhodes was born in Decatur, Illinois. He was raised in Hawthorne, California. On June 25, 2019, "The New York Times" listed Emitt Rhodes as one of the hundreds of artists whose material was destroyed in the 2008 Universal fire. Rhodes died on July 19, 2020 in Hawthorne at the age of 70.
Viktor Ryashko (; January 28, 1964 – July 19, 2020) was a Ukrainian professional footballer and manager. Ryashko was appointed as the sporting director of club FC Hoverla Uzhhorod in Ukrainian Premier League. Ryashko died on July 19, 2020, at the age of 56, after his car crashed during a road accident.
Michael Edward O'Malley (born October 31, 1966) is an American actor and writer. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts and raised in Nashua, New Hampshire. O'Malley hosted the early 1990s children's game show "Nickelodeon Guts". He starred in his own sitcom for NBC called "The Mike O'Malley Show". He is best known for his role as Jimmy Hughes on "Yes, Dear", a CBS series which aired from 2000 to 2006. He was nominated for an Emmy Award for his role as Burt Hummel on the Fox series "Glee".
Luis Donaldo Colosio Murrieta (; 10 February 1950 – 23 March 1994) was a Mexican politician and economist. He was the 1994 PRI presidential candidate and until his assassination was the front-runner for the presidency. He was born in Magdalena de Kino, Sonora. From 1985 to 1988, he was a member of the Chamber of Deputies. From 1988 to 1992, he was President of the Institutional Revolutionary Party. From 1992 to 1993, Colosio was Secretary of Social Development during the Carlos Salinas de Gortari presidency. Death. Colosio was shot in the head at a campaign rally in Tijuana, Baja California on 23 March 1994. He was pronounced dead at the scene. He was 44 years old.
The National Assembly is the lower house of the Parliament of South Africa, located in Cape Town, Western Cape Province. It is made up of four hundred members who are elected every five years. The National Assembly is presided over by a Speaker, assisted by a Deputy Speaker. The current Speaker is Thandi Modise who previously served as the Chairperson of the National Council of Provinces. She was elected on 22 May 2019.
Martha Phindile Mmola (died 18 July 2020) was a South Africa politician. He was a permanment delegate to the National Council of Provinces from 2019 to her death in 2020. She was in the National Assembly of South Africa from 2014 to 2019. Mmola was a member of the African National Congress. From 20 June 2014 to 7 May 2019, she was a member of the Portfolio Committee on Police. On 18 July 2020, Mmola died from COVID-19.
Joy Angela Villa (; born April 25, 1986) is an Argentine-American singer-songwriter and actress. Villa has guest roles on "Heroes", "", "The Valley Girls" and MTV "Next". She is known for wearing large attention grabbing dresses at the Grammy Awards.  Villa is a supporter of Donald Trump, having joined Donald Trump's Campaign Advisory Board. On October 27, 2017, Villa announced on "Fox &amp; Friends" that she is thinking about running for United States Congress as a Republican. Appearing again on "Fox &amp; Friends" on December 13, 2017, Villa clarified that she intends to run for Congress in the state of Florida.
Caroline Michelle "Carrie" Prejean Boller (; born May 13, 1987) is an American model and writer. She won Miss California USA in 2009 and was the Miss USA 2009 first runner-up.  Prejean was stripped of her Miss California USA crown for alleged breaches of contract.  On July 2, 2010, Prejean married former NFL quarterback Kyle Boller. They have two children.
Sardar Muhammad Aslam (; 10 March 1947 – 20 July 2020) was a Pakistani politician and lawyer. He was born in British Raj. From 2008 to 2009, Aslam was Chief Justice of the Islamabad High Court. From 2009 to 2012, he was Justice of the Supreme Court of Pakistan. From 2003 to 2008, he was an Associate Justice of the Lahore High Court. Aslam died on 20 July 2020 in Rawalpindi, Pakistan of COVID-19, aged 73.
Kanye West announced his 2020 presidential campaign through Twitter on July 4, 2020, Independence Day.  The idea of West's candidacy began when he first announced his plans to run in August 2015. He entered the election after missing at least four states' deadlines to appear on the ballot as a third-party candidate. West has picked Michelle Tidball, a preacher from Wyoming, as his running mate. West's rhetoric has been described as right-wing, along with having "a Republican-leaning, pro-Black religious platform".  On July 16, 2020, the campaign filed a Statement of Candidacy with the Federal Election Commission. West has qualified for ballot access in Oklahoma and held a rally in South Carolina. On October 16th, 2020, West dropped a song titled "Nah Nah Nah". This song was the theme song of his campaign, but it was panned by critics, becoming an inside joke for fans.
John Doman (born January 9, 1945) is an American actor. He is best known for playing Deputy Police Commissioner and Major William Rawls on HBO series "The Wire" from 2002 to 2008, Colonel Edward Galson on "Oz" in 2001, and as Dr. Deraad in "ER" (1999-2003).  He also starred as Rodrigo Borgia in the international television series "Borgia" from 2011 to 2014, and Don Carmine Falcone in Fox's show "Gotham" in 2014.
Odd Squad is a Canadian and American educational TV series. It started on TVOKids, Sprout and PBS Kids in November 2014. The series involves child characters using mathematics to go through each episode's plot. The series was made by Tim McKeon and Adam Peltzman and is co-produced by Nelvana Fred Rogers Productions and Sinking Ship Entertainment in association with TVOKids. The series features child actors (whose characters are the employees of the "Odd Squad") who use indirect reasoning and basic math to solve and look into strange happenings in their town. Educational value. The main topic being taught in Odd Squad is mathematics for children ages 5 to 8. Children are government agents who use math to solve an odd problem. Topics taught include: Certain episodes may also teach a variety of other subjects. These include computer programming and coding, basic science, and geography. The series is well-known for teaching topics such as these in a manner children enjoy. Seasons. Seasons 1-2. Two agents, Olive and Otto, are members of the Odd Squad Precinct 13579. The episode begins with the agents helping somebody with an odd problem. The agents then go back to headquarters by traveling through tubes. After being in headquarters the agents are called up to Oprah (Miss O)'s office. Olive and Otto are then told to fix an odd problem. Usually, the problem is caused by a villain. Another Odd Squad agent or a citizen may also be the cause of a problem. Olive and Otto may get help from the Mathroom when they cannot solve a problem by themselves. Agents Olympia and Otis were the new protagonists of season 2. The Mathroom was no longer used. Instead, the agents used watch tablets to solve math problems. The episode style mostly stayed the same. Many Odd Squad hour-long episodes and a movie were made during this season. Season 3: Mobile Unit. Season 3 of Odd Squad was the first season not set in Precinct 13579. Instead, it focused on a Mobile Unit that flew around the world in a flying van to solve oddness. The season also taught more STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math) and geography, mostly
Shabdrung Ngawang Namgyel, (1594–1651) known colloquially as The Bearded Lama, was a Tibetan Buddhist lama and the unifier of Bhutan as a nation-state. In addition to unifying the various warring fiefdoms for the first time in the 1630s, he also sought a distinct Bhutanese cultural identity separate from the Tibetan culture from which it was derived.
Amabie is a mermaid or merman with three legs in Japanese myths. It is believed that it will emerge from the sea and make prophecies about harvest or epidemic. Legend. It is believed that an amabie appeared before a officer and gave a prophecy that good harvest will get for six years, if disease spread draw its picture and show to the people affected by disease and they will be cured. Believers argue that similar events are reported in different places also.  COVID-19. During the COVID-19 pandemic, amabie become popular in Twitter in Japan. Manga artists (e.g., Chica Umino, Mari Okazaki and Toshinao Aoki) published their cartoon versions of amabie on social networks.
Seydou Elimane Diarra (23 November 1933 – 19 July 2020) was an Ivorian politician. He was the Prime Minister in 2000 and again from 2003 to 2005. Diarra was born in Katiola, French West Africa. Diarra died on 19 July 2020 in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire at the age of 86.
Shane Tuck (24 December 1981 – 20 July 2020) was a professional Australian rules footballer. He played for the Richmond Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL) between 2004 to 2013. Before, he played with Hawthorn Football Club from 2000 to 2001. Tuck was born in Victoria, Australia. Tuck died on 20 July 2020 at the age of 38 by suicide. After his death, an autopsy revealed that Tuck had been suffering from severe chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE).
The Richmond Football Club, nicknamed the Tigers, is a professional Australian rules football club playing in the Australian Football League (AFL). Between its creation in the Melbourne suburb of Richmond in 1885 and 1907, the club competed in the Victorian Football Association (VFA). Richmond joined the Victorian Football League (now known as the AFL) in 1908 and has since won thirteen premierships, most recently in 2020 Richmond traditionally wears a black guernsey with a yellow sash. The club song, "We're From Tigerland". Club song. &lt;poem&gt; "Oh, we're from Tigerland" "A fighting fury, we're from Tigerland" "In any weather, you will see us with a grin" "Risking head and shin" "If we're behind, then never mind" "We'll fight and fight and win" "For we're from Tigerland" "We never weaken till the final siren's gone" "Like the tiger of old" "We're strong and we're bold" "For we're from Tiger" "Yellow and black" "We're from Tigerland!" &lt;/poem&gt;
David John Matthews (born January 9, 1967) is a South African-born American musician. He is the lead vocalist, songwriter and guitarist for the Dave Matthews Band (DMB). During the period from 2000 to 2010, his band sold more tickets and earned more money than any other act in North America. Matthews has had multiple acting roles. He has also won two Grammy Awards: one with the Dave Matthews Band in 1997 for Best Rock Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group ("So Much to Say") and one in 2004 for Best Male Rock Vocal Performance ("Gravedigger") from his solo album.
Bella Savitzky Abzug (July 24, 1920 – March 31, 1998), nicknamed "Battling Bella", was an American lawyer, activist and politician. She was known as a leader of the Women's Movement. Life. In 1971, Abzug joined other leading feminists such as Gloria Steinem, Shirley Chisholm, and Betty Friedan to found the National Women's Political Caucus. In 1970, Abzug's first campaign slogan was, "This woman's place is in the House—the House of Representatives." From 1971 to 1977, she was a member of the United States House of Representatives from New York. Abzug died on March 31, 1998 in New York City from heart surgery-related problems, aged 77.
Carol Greitzer (born January 3, 1925) is an American politician. She was in the New York City Council from 1969 to 1991 and was the first president of NARAL Pro-Choice America. She is a member of the Democratic Party. Greitzer was born in New York City. She studied at Hunter College and New York University.
Andrew David Scott (born 30 June 1949) is a Welsh musician and songwriter. He is best known for being the lead guitarist and a backing vocalist in of the British glam rock band Sweet. After bassist Steve Priest's death in June 2020, Scott is the last living member of the band's classic lineup. Scott was born in Wrexham. In September 2009, he was diagnosed with prostate cancer. He lives in All Cannings, Wiltshire.
Salzwedel (officially known as Hansestadt Salzwedel) is a town in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is the capital of Altmarkkreis Salzwedel. About 21,500 people live there.
Préizerdaul is a commune in Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Redange. As of 2019, 1,703 people live here.
Rambrouch () is a commune in Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Redange. It lies close to the border with Belgium. As of 2019, 4,419 people live here. Rambrouch was created on 1 January 1979 from the former communes of Arsdorf, Bigonville, Folschette and Perlé.
Saeul () is a commune in Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Redange. As of 2019, 844 people live here.
Useldange (, ) is a commune in Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Redange. As of 2019, 1,900 people live here.
Nyctimystes calcaratus is a frog from New Guinea. It was found about 1230 meters above sea level near a forest stream. The name "calcaratus" comes from the Latin word for "spur". The frogs are named after the bump on their hind foot. The male frog is about 4.3 to 5.2 cm long. The female frog is 5.6 to 6.3 cm long. This frog has thin, angled lines on its lower eyelids and gold irises in its eyes. This frog is light brown to dark brown in color with darker marks.
Wahl () is a former commune in Luxembourg. It was part of the canton of Redange. On 1 September 2023, the commune was merged with Grosbous to form the new commune of Groussbus-Wal. As of 2019, 1,020 people live here.
Wincrange (, ) is a commune in Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Clervaux. It is the largest commune in Luxembourg by area. As of 2019, 4,392 people live here. Wincrange was created on 1 January 1978 from the former communes of Asselborn, Boevange, Hachiville and Oberwampach.
Victor Alexandrovich Chizhikov (; 26 September 1935 – 20 July 2020) was a Russian children's book illustrator. He was the designer of the Olympic mascot, Misha, for the 1980 Summer Olympics, held in Moscow. He illustrated more than 100 children's books. He worked closely with writers Eduard Uspensky and Andrei Usachev. Chizhikov died on 20 July 2020 at the age of 84.
The Lamborghini Veneno is a supercar. It was made by Lamborghini in 2013. Only nine Venenos were released to the public, three of which are coupes (grey with green, red and white accents) and nine roadsters. The Veneno is based off the Lamborghini Aventador, and uses a version of its V12 engine. History and production. The Veneno was revealed at the 2013 Geneva Motor Show. It was built to celebrate Lamborghini’s 50th anniversary. Lamborghini built just five Venenos. One was used for factory testing, and another one was kept by Lamborghini. This meant that only three Venenos were sold, which made each one very expensive. Nine Veneno Roadsters were also built. Engine and transmission. The Veneno’s engine is a more powerful version of the Aventador‘s V12. In the Veneno, the engine makes and of torque. The Veneno’s seven-speed automated-manual transmission also comes from the Aventador. Performance. The Lamborghini Veneno has a top speed of . It can also accelerate from in 2.7 seconds. The Veneno can also slow down from in . Veneno Roadster. Lamborghini also made a convertible version of the Veneno. This car was known as the Veneno Roadster. The Veneno Roadster was first shown at the 2014 Las Vegas Consumer Electronics Show. The performance of the Veneno Roadster was the same as that of the standard Veneno. The roadster went on sale for . Nine Veneno Roadsters were built.
Hosingen () is a small village and a former commune in northern Luxembourg. It was part of the canton of Clervaux On 1 January 2012, the commune was merged with Consthum and Hoscheid to form the new commune of Parc Hosingen.
Consthum () is a former commune in Luxembourg. It was part of the canton of Clervaux. On 1 January 2012, the commune was merged with Hoscheid and Hosingen to form the new commune of Parc Hosingen.
Hoscheid () is a former commune in Luxembourg. It was part of the canton of Diekirch. On 1 January 2012, the commune was merged with Consthum and Hosingen to form the new commune of Parc Hosingen.
Parc Hosingen () is a commune in Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Clervaux. It was created on 1 January 2012 from the former communes of Consthum, Hosingen and Hoscheid (the last formerly part of the canton of Diekirch). As of 2019, 3,591 people live here.
Troisvierges (, ) is a commune in Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Clervaux. The two highest hills in Luxembourg, the Kneiff (560 m) and Buurgplaatz (559 m), are in the commune. As of 2019, 3,201 people live here.
Weiswampach () is a commune in Luxembourg. It is part of the canton of Clervaux. As of 2019, 1,912 people live here.
Heiderscheid () is a former commune in Luxembourg. It was part of the canton of Wiltz. On 1 January 2012, the commune was merged with Neunhausen to form the commune of Esch-sur-Sûre.