ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
The handicap principle was invented by Amotz Zahavi from Tel Aviv University. It claims to explain the fact that some animals have characteristics that do not necessarily help them survive.  The peacock is an example. The peacock's tail is long and heavy and actually diminishes its chances of survival. The tail needs a great deal of energy to grow and maintain, it reduces the bird’s agility, and increases the animal’s visibility to predators. Yet, it has evolved. This shows that peacocks with longer tails have some advantage. So why did it evolutionarily survive? According to the principle, one day, a mutant peahen that likes peacocks with longer tail, looked for a male with this characteristic. The mature male she found was strong enough to survive even though it had a long tail and therefore it is probably stronger than the average peacock. Therefore, its predecessor males are going to be stronger and also to have a long tail while the newborn females are going to like long tails, passing the ideals of the principle to the next generations. This principle comes in addition to the well-known adaptation part of evolution theory claiming that the one who fits best to its environment survives.
Bulbuls are a family of birds living in Africa, the Middle East and southern Asia. They are passerine songbirds. There are about 130 species in 24 genera. Many live in forests: the greenbuls, brownbuls, leafloves, or bristlebills. Most African species are found in rainforests whilst in Asia they live in more open areas.
The Wolseley Expedition was a military force that was led by Colonel Garnet Wolsely. Put together to capture the Canadian Métis leader Louis Riel, the expedition took place in 1870 and went from Toronto to Winnipeg. Since it had to carry so much equipment, including guns, the expedition is thought to be one of the most difficult in all of recent history.
The Bert Diaries are a series of novels written in the form of a diary. They are by Swedish writers Anders Jacobsson and Sören Olsson. The main character is a teenager named Bert Ljung. Ljung lives in Öreskoga, a fictional town in Sweden, in the late 1980s and early 1990s. The first book was published in 1987. Bert and his friends also have a pop/rock band, the "Heman Hunters". A TV series was made in 1994. It is directed by Tomas Alfredson and Svante Kettner. It was followed by a movie in 1995, also directed by Alfredson. In late-July 2016 the recording of a new Bert film was announced. Between 1993 and 2002, and comic book, "FF med Bert", was published Between 1992 and 1999, comic albums were published.
The Sune series is a series of children's/youth books by Swedish writers Anders Jacobsson and Sören Olsson. The books have been published since 1984. The stories are originally a radio series, produced as totally 90 episodes for Swedish radio between the years of 1983 and 1993. The Sune books are set in fictional town of "Glimmerdagg" in Sweden, which just like Berts hometown Öreskoga is located somewhere between Karlskoga-Örebro. There is Söderskolan, for the grades 1–6. The Sune books are told in the third person perspective and using the present tense and uses imperfect during flashback scenes, while Bert is told as a first person narrative. Instead of being a typical "tough guy" who uses to fight or play soccer, Sune is more interested into girls.
The Kane Chronicles are a series of fantasy novels by Rick Riordan. The characters are based on Egyptian mythology. The story is set in the same universe as Riordan's "Percy Jackson &amp; the Olympians, The Heroes of Olympus, The Trials of Apollo, and Magnus Chase and the Gods of Asgard" series.
Jean-Alfred Villain-Marais (11 December 1913 – 8 November 1998), known as Jean Marais (), was a French actor and director. Marais had over 100 roles in film and on television. He was also known for writing, painting and sculpture. In the 1950s, Marais became a star of swashbuckling films. He performed his own stunts. After 1970 he mostly worked in plays.
Backlash (2008) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It took place on April 27, 2008 at the 1st Mariner Arena in Baltimore, Maryland. It was the tenth Backlash event held by WWE.
Jean-Paul Belmondo (9 April 1933 – 6 September 2021) was a French actor. He was popular during the New Wave of the 1960s. Death. Belmondo died on 6 September 2021 at his home in Paris, aged 88. Honors. Belmondo was a "Commandeur" of the Ordre national du Mérite He was also "Commandeur" of the Légion d'honneur. He received a Career Achievement award from the Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards.
is a voice actress of anime characters. She is also an actress and a singer. She works for the Office Osawa talent agency. In Japan, she is known for voicing many anime characters. , was released in 25 April 2012. It was her first single.
GD 61 is a white dwarf star. It is 150 light-years from Earth in the constellation Perseus.  The star has a planetary system. It may once have been a main sequence star of spectral type A0V with around three times the mass of the Sun. It has aged and passed through a red giant phase. What was left is a dense hot remnant. This remnant has around 70% of the Sun's mass and a surface temperature of 17280 K. It is thought to be around 600 million years old. This age includes both its life as a main sequence star, and as a white dwarf stellar remnant. It has an apparent magnitude of 14.8. GD 61 was first noted as a potential degenerate star in 1965. This was done in a survey of white dwarf suspects by astronomers from the Lowell Observatory in Arizona. An asteroid in the system was detected in 2013 that contains water. This was the first finding of solid or liquid water on an extrasolar body. The asteroid, the first extrasolar asteroid detected, is 26% water by mass, close to the water content of Ceres. This means that a planet, with a rocky surface similar to Earth's, may have existed in the past. The asteroid could be an artifact from this period. It is now possibly part of a debris field from that planet's breakup. Such a planet would have had both a rocky surface and water. These are two key ingredients for life. The researchers used the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope to determine what it is made of. The elements magnesium, silicon, iron and oxygen were detected. These are all components of rocky planets. However, the amount of oxygen is much higher than what was expected. There was also less carbon than expected. This meant there was one possible reason for the extra oxygen. There had to be water there.
"Pilgrim of Eternity" is an episode of "Star Trek" that was created by fans. It was released in 2013. It is the first in a planned web series, "Star Trek Continues". It is a sequel to the original series episode, "Who Mourns for Adonais?". Plot summary. The crew of the U.S.S. Enterprise are looking into mysterious energy drains from power stations. They find an alien artifact, which begins to draw power from the ship. They destroy the artifact to save themselves, just after Spock (played by Todd Haberkorn) detects two life forms on it. The two forms then materialize on the bridge. one of them is the alien known in Earth's history as the Greek god Apollo (played by Michael Forest). The crew had met him only a couple of years earlier, but he has now aged. He says he was exposed to the energy draining properties of the Realm. This was the destroyed structure. It was built by his race to live in forever. It had malfunctioned and killed all the others of his race. He says he no longer wishes to have people worship him again. After a brief stay in the sick-bay, He starts to want people to idolize him for his singing and storytelling. Captain Kirk (played by Vic Mignogna) demands to speak with him about his behaviors. Apollo uses his telekinetic powers on the captain and others to make them worship him. Meanwhile, the remains of the Realm are still causing difficulties. A crew member dies while he and Sulu (played by Grant Imahara of "Mythbusters") are removing debris from the hull of the Enterprise. Production. Unlike other Star Trek fan productions, "Pilgrim" had a lead crew made up of film industry professionals. The creators attempted to recreate the style of the original series, in its sets, cinematography, costumes, and acting and storytelling style. They duplicated the dramatic pauses as used in the original, prior to commercial breaks. They primarily used the original series' incidental music, as well as the original theme song and iconic credit typography. They filmed in 4:3 aspect ratio to duplicate the original
Charlyn Marie Marshall (better known by her stage identity Cat Power; 21 January, 1972) is an American singer-songwriter and musician. She has been releasing albums since 1992. Her cover of "Sea of Love" is played in the 2007 movie "Juno". Her album "Sun", released in 2012, is her best and highest-charting record as of 2013.  She was born in Atlanta, and has lived in several other states.
An alternator is a generator which converts mechanical energy to electrical energy in the form of alternating current. There is one in every car, with the exception of older cars that use a DC generator. Most alternators use a rotating magnetic field with a stationary armature. The armature reacts to the rotating field and carries the current caused by the rotation.  In principle, any AC electrical generator can be called an alternator, but usually the term refers to small rotating machines driven by automotive and other internal combustion engines.  An alternator that uses a permanent magnet for its magnetic field is called a magneto. Alternators in power stations driven by steam turbines are called turbo-alternators. History. Alternating current generating systems were known from the discovery of the magnetic induction of electric current. The early machines were developed by pioneers such as Michael Faraday and Hippolyte Pixii.
Capacitance is the ability of a body to store electric charge. A common device to do such task is a capacitor. The SI unit for capacitance is "farad". formula_1 Where Q is the charge in the object and V is voltage across that object.
The Division of Cook is an Australian Electoral Division in New South Wales. It was set up in 1969 and is named for James Cook, who mapped the east coast of Australia in 1770. It is located in the southern suburbs of Sydney, including Caringbah, Cronulla, Miranda and Sylvania.  Members. In 2007 there were claims that the Liberal candidate Michael Towke had broken party rules and not told the truth about himself. These claims were later found to be not true. Towke lost his Liberal party position and was replaced with Scott Morrison, former director of the New South Wales Liberal Party. In 2013 Morrison became the Minister for Immigration and Border Protection.
The Nieuport 11 is a French single-engine biplane fighter aircraft used during World War I that allowed France to defeat the German Fokker Eindeckers.  It sometimes called "Bébé" (the French word for "baby") due to its small size. A more powerful version, the Nieuport 16 was also built, leading to a series of fighters that served into the 1920s.
Columbia Business School (CBS) is a business school of Columbia University in Manhattan, New York City. It was established in 1916. Its purpose is to provide training and professional preparation for undergraduate and graduate Columbia University students. It is one of six Ivy League business schools. Its admission process is among the most selective of top schools. MS Programs. Columbia Business School offers three separate Master of Science degrees in Management Science &amp; Engineering, Financial Economics and Marketing. Admission to the programs is extremely competitive: in 2011, there were 543 applicants to the Financial Economics program and only 10 students were accepted. CIBE. The Certificate in Business Excellence (CIBE) is awarded to students who complete a total of 18 program days of executive education within a four-year period. Any executive education program at Columbia Business School can be applied toward the completion of the certificate. Recipients of the CIBE are granted full alumni status with Columbia Business School, including the following alumni benefits: People. Alumni. Columbia Business School has over 39,000 living alumni. Some of the more notable alumni include the following:
Backlash (2007) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It took place on April 29, 2007 at the Philips Arena in Atlanta, Georgia. It was the ninth Backlash event held by WWE and the first to also feature the ECW brand.
Herman Kahn (February 15, 1922 – July 7, 1983) was one of the most famous futurists of the second half of the twentieth century. His theories helped to develop the nuclear strategy of the United States. Career. Kahn, a man of "captivating personality and large intellectual gifts", worked for the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California, as a military strategist (19481958). He was a founder of the Hudson Institute think tank. This gives ideas and consultations for the U.S. government and military chiefs, and for business clients. He was known for analyzing the likely consequences of nuclear war and recommending ways to improve survivability. His key idea was that the threat of nuclear war could be controlled by the use of carefully graded deterrence. In order to get his ideas across he ran two-day seminars which included role-playing in various scenarios. His ideas, when published in "On Thermonuclear War", caused a sensation. "At the minimum, an adequate deterrent for the United States must ... persuade [the Soviets] that, no matter how skillful or ingenious they were, an attack on the United States would lead to a very high risk if not certainty of large-scale destruction to Soviet civil society and military forces". However, responses must be proportionate, because if one threatened all-out war as a response for some rather modest misbehaviour, then the threat was simply not believable, and would not work. The need to think things through in detail was the topic of his second book, "Thinking about the Unthinkable". Kahn was less successful later in his career when he turned his attention to general economics and politics. His ideas on Japan seemed good at the time, but now seem to be not quite right. He predicted that Japan would become the world's third superstate and a military superpower. This he based on Japan's record after 1946, which was spectacular, with quality production and undercutting markets in the older economies. As it turned out, Japan's economy stalled in the 1980s, and has never recovered its previous growth rate. The role he predicted for Japan is now filled by China, a country with a huge reserve of poorly-paid workers
Backlash (2002) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF). It took place on April 21, 2002 at the Kemper Arena in Kansas City, Missouri. It was the fourth Backlash event held by the WWF and the first to feature the brand extension, in which the company made their wrestlers exclusive to their weekly television shows Raw and SmackDown!. This was the first time a WWF pay-per-view was held at Kemper Arena since Over The Edge in 1999 where Owen Hart lost his life after he fell to the ring. This was also the last Backlash event before the WWF renamed itself to World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) on May 6.
Anna Favella (September 21, 1983) is an Italian actress. She works in television and movies. She is known for roles in the TV series "Terra ribelle" and in the movie "Mr. America". Early life. Anna Favella was born and raised in Rome. Career. Favella started acting when she was very young. Her first minor roles were in programs such as "Enrico Mattei - L'uomo che guardava al future" and "Don Matteo 7". Her first major role was in a TV series called "Terra Ribelle", where she played the role of the main character, Elena Marsili. In 2013, Favella was the main character in the movie "Mr. America".
Backlash (2001) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF). It took place on April 29, 2001 at the Allstate Arena in Rosemont, Illinois. It was the third Backlash event held by the WWF.
The Division of Cunningham is an Australian electoral division in New South Wales. It was set up in 1949 and is named for Allan Cunningham, a 19th century explorer of New South Wales and Queensland. It is on the coast of New South Wales and includes parts of the city of Wollongong, Corrimal, Figtree and Unanderra. It also includes several suburbs of Sydney, including Heathcote and Bundeena.  Members. Rex Connor was the Minister for Minerals and Energy in the Whitlam government. Stephen Martin was Speaker of the House of Representatives from 1993-1996. Sharon Bird held several ministerial positions in the Gillard and Rudd governments.
Backlash (2000) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF). It took place on April 30, 2000 at the MCI Center in Washington, D.C.. It was the second Backlash event held by the WWF.
The Aircraft Apprentice Scheme was a training programme in the Royal Air Force. It lasted from 1920 to 1966. The training programme was for aircraft ground crew (those who servicing the aircraft on the ground, as opposed to the pilots). The Apprentice Scheme was the result of the Royal Air Force's decision to open Schools of Technical Training. RAF Halton was chosen as the home for the training of men and boys. The School of Technical Training (for boys) was not formed as a separate unit until 1919 and only became a permanent establishment on 1 January 1920. In March of that year, RAF Halton was named No. 1 School of Technical Training. No. 2 School of Technical Training at RAF Cranwell was created because there was not enough accommodation to house the boys at RAF Halton.
The Division of Dobell is an Australian electoral Division in New South Wales. It was set up in 1984 and is named for the Australian painter, Sir William Dobell. It is on the Central Coast and includes Bateau Bay, Berkeley Vale, Blue Haven, The Entrance, Gorokan, Jilliby, Ourimbah, Toukley, Tuggerah, Tumbi Umbi, Wamberal, Wyoming. Members. Craig Thomson was arrested in 2013 and charged with 173 offences including fraud and theft. He resigned form the ALP and sat as an independent. He contested the 2013 election as an independent but only got 4% of the votes.
Nicholas Viscardi (October 20, 1920 – November 3, 2013), known professionally as Nick Cardy or Nick Cardi, was American comic book artist. He is best known for his DC Comics work on Aquaman, the Teen Titans and other major characters. Cardy was inducted into the Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame in 2005. Cardy was born on October 20, 1920 in New York City, New York. He studied at the Art Students League of New York, studying life drawing. Cardy was married to Ruth Houghby from 1947 until they divorced in 1969. They had one son. Cardy died on November 3, 2013 from heart failure at his Miami, Florida home, aged 93.
Hal Brett Needham (March 6, 1931 – October 25, 2013) was an American stuntman, movie director, actor, and writer. He is known for directing the 1971 comedy movie "Smokey and the Bandit" and "The Cannonball Run". Needham received the Taurus World Stunt Awards Lifetime Achievement Award.  Needham was born on March 6, 1931 in Memphis, Tennessee. He was raised in Little Rock, Arkansas and in St. Louis, Missouri.  Needham was married to Dani Crayne from 1981 until they divorced in 1996. Then he was married to Ellyn Wynne Williams from 1996 until his death in 2013. Needham died on October 25, 2013 from cancer in Los Angeles, California, aged 82.
Juan Carlos Calabró (3 February 1934 – 5 November 2013) was an Argentine actor and comedian. He was known for his work "Johnny Tolengo, el majestuoso". Calabró was born on 3 February 1934 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Calabró died on 5 November 2013 in Buenos Aires, Argentina from kidney disease, aged 79.
Life of Pi is a 2012 American drama movie produced and directed by Ang Lee and based on the novel of the same name. It stars Suraj Sharma. It was released to very positive reviews on November 21, 2012. It was nominated for three Golden Globe Awards, including Best Picture - Drama and Best Director, and won for Best Original Score. At the 85th Academy Awards, it had 11 nominations, including Best Picture and Best Adapted Screenplay, and won four (the most of the night), including Best Director for Ang Lee.
The Division of Eden-Monaro is an Australian electoral division in New South Wales. It was one of the 75 divisions set up for the first federal election in 1901. It is named for the town of Eden and the Monaro district of southern New South Wales. It includes Batemans Bay, Bega, Cooma and Queanbeyan.  Since 1972 the Division has always been won the party that wins government in the elections. It is closely watched by the media when trying to pick the results of an election. Election results. The swings above are calculated from the results of the 2020 Eden-Monaro by-election.
Graham William Stark (20 January 1922 – 29 October 2013) was an English comedian, actor, writer and director. He was known for his roles in "Alfie" and in "Superman III".  Stark was born on 20 January 1922 in Wallasey, Cheshire, England. He studied at Wallasey Grammar School. Stark began acting when he was 13 years old.  Stark was also an accomplished stills photographer. Stark died in London on 29 October 2013 after suffering a stroke. He was 91.
Hans von Borsody (20 September 1929 – 4 November 2013) was a German-Austrian actor.  He was born in Vienna as a member of an artists family. His father Eduard von Borsody was a movie director, his uncle Julius von Borsody a set designer. His daughter Suzanne von Borsody is also an actress. von Borsody died on 4 November 2013 in Berlin, Germany from lung cancer, aged 84.
The Division of Farrer is an Australian Electoral Division in New South Wales. It was set up in 1949 and is named for William Farrer, an agricultural scientist. It is in the southern rural area of the state and includes Albury, Balranald, Broken Hill, Deniliquin and Jerilderie. Members. It was held by three Cabinet ministers in succession, David Fairbairn, Wal Fife and Deputy Prime Minister Tim Fischer.
Jorge Ramos Ávalos (born March 16, 1958) is a Mexican journalist for Univision. He is the anchor for "Noticiero Univision" and host of the Sunday morning news talk show Al Punto. Also, on Fusion TV, he hosts "America with Jorge Ramos", which debuted on October 29, 2013. Ramos was born on March 16, 1958 in Mexico City, Mexico. He studied at Universidad Iberoamericana. Ramos has won eight Emmy Awards throughout his career for journalism.
Christian [ kris-ch"uh"n ] is a given name. Both men and women can be named "Christian". The name comes from the Latin word "Christianus", meaning "follower of Christ". It has been commonly used as a name since the Middle Ages - especially amongst females. The name is popular in Europe, United States and other English-speaking countries. In Europe — though not the United States — it is almost exclusively used as a male name. However, in the 17th and 18th centuries it was a popular female first name in Scotland. Female variants of the name include Christine, Christina, Christiane, Kristen, Kristin, and Kirsten. Holders of the name "Christian" may go by the nicknames or shortened forms Chris, Chrissy, Crix or Xian.