ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Antonio Pappano (born December 30, 1959 in Epping) is a British conductor and pianist of Italian origin. He is the conductor of the orchestra of the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden in London, and l'Orchestra dell'Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia in Rome. Pappano was born in England, but his family had come from Italy. When he was 13 years old, he moved with his family to Connecticut, in the United States. There he had his musical training, learning to play the piano as well as composition and conducting. He became a rehearsal accompanist at the New York City Opera. Pappano is the youngest conductor to lead the Orchestra of the Royal Opera House in London, accompanying both the Royal Opera and Royal Ballet. He is also an excellent piano accompanist.
Boris Berezovsky (Russian: Бори́с Вади́мович Березо́вский; born Moscow, 4 January 1969) is a famous Russian pianist. Berezovsky studied at the Moscow Conservatory. In 1988 he became well known in the West when he gave a recital in the Wigmore Hall in London. Two years later he won the gold medal at the 1990 International Tchaikovsky Competition in Moscow. Boris Berezovsky gives concerts all over the world. He plays concertos with many of the great orchestras including the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra, New York Philharmonic, Philadelphia Orchestra, Orchestre de la Monnaie, Rotterdam Philharmonic, Danish National Radio Symphony Orchestra, NDR Hamburg, Hessischer Rundfunk, New Japan Philharmonic, City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra and with conductors such as Kurt Masur, Wolfgang Sawallisch, Vladimir Ashkenazy, Mikhail Pletnev and Antonio Pappano. Berezovsky has also made many recordings. Berezovsky has a daughter, Evelyne Berezovsky (born 1991), who is also a pianist. He now lives in Brussels. Boris is an excellent jazz pianist and performs with his trio in Russian clubs.
Balto was the name of a Siberian Husky, born in 1923 and died 1933. He was a sled dog. He was the back up for a dog named Togo. Balto took part in the 1925 serum run to Nome. He got a lot of fame for being part of the journey, more than Togo. Many people say Togo should have gotten the attention that Balto got because Togo did the most work. Leonhard Seppala bred, named, raised, and trained Balto but did not race with him. In a 1927 New York Times article, he claimed that a forgotten dog named Fox had been co-lead with Balto on Kaasen’s team. He did not believe that Balto could have led the team by himself. Gunnar Kaasen was Balto’s musher. In January 1925, Nome, Alaska needed medicine for a diphtheria epidemic. First, a ship tried to bring the medicine but ice was closing into the Bering Sea. The ship could not get to Nome. Next, they tried to bring the medicine by airplane. They could not because there was a blizzard (snow storm). The winds were too strong for the plane. So the medicine was sent by train from Anchorage, Alaska to Nenena, Alaska. Then sled dogs took turns carrying the medicine to Nome. The dog that ran the longest was Togo. Balto was the final dog. He lead the team into Nome. The medicine saved many children (almost all of the children). Balto, the other dogs, and the men who carried the medicine were given a hero's welcome. A few months later in New York City, a statue of Balto was placed in Central Park. It is still there today. The serum run. In January 1925, doctors realized that a diphtheria epidemic was likely to sweep through Nome's young people. It could kill many people. The only serum that could stop it was in Anchorage. Anchorage was almost away. The only aircraft that could get the medicine to Nome was taken out of winter storage, but its engine was frozen. It would not
Sir Colin Rex Davis, CH, CBE, (Weybridge, Surrey, 25 September 1927 – London, England, 14 April 2013), was a British conductor. He was born in Weybridge, Surrey, UK. Davis went to school at Christ's Hospital before studying the clarinet at the Royal College of Music in London. He was not allowed to take conducting lessons there because he did not play the piano well enough. He still managed to get some experience as conductor of the Kalmar Orchestra with other music students. In 1952 Davis worked at the Royal Festival Hall, and in the late 1950s conducted the BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra. He started to become well known when he was suddenly asked to conduct Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's opera "Don Giovanni" at the Royal Festival Hall because Otto Klemperer was ill. A year later, in 1960, he conducted Mozart's "The Magic Flute" at Glyndebourne because Thomas Beecham was ill. In the 1960s he worked at Sadler's Wells Opera and with the London Symphony Orchestra. He was Chief Conductor of the BBC Symphony Orchestra. In 1971 he took over from Georg Solti as principal conductor at the Royal Opera House. He stayed there until 1986. He particularly liked conducting the operas of Michael Tippett, giving the first performances of "The Knot Garden" (1970), and "The Ice Break" (1977). In 1977 he became the first English conductor to appear at the Bayreuth Festival where he conducted "Tannhäuser". Davis was Principal Guest Conductor of the Boston Symphony Orchestra from 1972 to 1984. He was Chief Conductor at the Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra from 1983 to 1993. In 1991, Davis was given the honorary title 'Conductor Laureate' of the Staatskapelle Dresden, the first conductor in the orchestra's history to hold that title. In 1995, Davis became Principal Conductor of the London Symphony Orchestra. He stayed there until 2006, when the orchestra gave him the title of President
Sea caves are a hollow chamber in a coastal cliff, made by the pounding power of crashing waves. ""Sea arches" and "sea stacks"" are also carved from these rocky cliffs.Sea waves carry on both erosional and depositional activities .The process of sea erosion is called marine erosion.
Valery Abisalovich Gergiev (; born Moscow, 2 May 1953) is a Russian conductor and opera company director of Ossetian birth. He is general director and artistic director of the Mariinsky Theatre since 1988, and was principal conductor of the London Symphony Orchestra and principal guest conductor of the Metropolitan Opera, New York until 2022. Valery Gergiev is the artistic director of the White Nights Festival in Saint Petersburg. Life. Early years. Gergiev was born in Moscow but was brought up in North Ossetia in the Caucasus. He was not a child prodigy, but he began to play the piano at secondary school, before going on to study at the St. Petersburg Conservatory in Leningrad from 1972 to 1977. His main conducting teacher was Ilya Musin who was one of the greatest conductors and teachers of conducting in Russian musical history. Career. In 1978, he became assistant conductor at the Kirov Opera, now the Mariinsky Opera. His first conducting appearance was with Sergei Prokofiev's "War and Peace". He was chief conductor of the Armenian Philharmonic Orchestra from 1981 until 1985 - the year he made his first appearance in the United Kingdom, together with pianist Evgeny Kissin, and violinists Maxim Vengerov and Vadim Repin, at The Lichfield Festival. In 1991 Gergiev conducted the Bavarian State Opera in a performance of Modest Mussorgsky's "Boris Godunov" in Munich. In the same year he made his American début, performing "War and Peace" with the San Francisco Opera. Since then he has conducted operas and concerts all over the world. Gergiev performs at many music festivals, including the "White Nights" festival in Saint Petersburg.  He became the chief conductor and artistic director of the Mariinsky in 1988, and overall director of the company, appointed by the Russian government, in 1996.  From 1995 to 2008 he was conductor of the Rotterdam Philharmonic Orchestra. In 1997, Gergiev became principal
Christopher Julius Rock (born February 7, 1965) is an American actor, comedian, director, producer and screenwriter. He was born in Andrews, South Carolina and raised in Brooklyn, New York City. He is known for his jokes about racial stereotypes; he talks a lot about differences that are common between black people and white people in the United States. Rock has been in many television shows, such as "Everybody Hates Chris" and movies, such as "Dogma". At the 94th Academy Awards in March 2022, actor Will Smith slapped Rock after he made a joke about Smith's wife, Jada Pinkett Smith's, bald head.
The province of L'Aquila () is a province in the Abruzzo region of Southern Italy. Its capital is the city of L'Aquila. It is the largest province of the region but the one with fewest people living in it; it is a landlocked province, that is, surrounded by other provinces by all sides. Geography. L'Aquila is the largest province in the Abruzzo region. It is almost half of the area of the region: it has area of . The province is bordered on the north by Tuscany, to the northeast by the province of Teramo, to the east by the Pescara and Province of Chieti provinces, to the south and southeast with the Molise region (province of Isernia), and to the west and southwest by the Lazio region (province of Frosinone, Rome and province of Rieti). The main river in the province is the Aterno-Pescara river, known here as "Aterno"; it starts in the "Monti della Laga" and flows through the province. L'Aquila is the province of the Abruzzo region with more mountains; there are three mountain ranges that go from the northwest to the southeast, and that are parallels to the coastline: "Monti della Gaga", "Gran Sasso" and "Majella massif". The highest mountain in the province is "Monte Amaro",() in the "Majella massif", Apennines; it is high and is the highest mountain of three provinces: Chieti, L'Aquila and Pescara of the Abruzzo. Population. There are 301,910 persons living in the province (January 2017), for a population density of inhabitants/km². This population has been more or less stable for a long time. The largest "comune" is L'Aquila, with and the smallest is Villa Sant'Angelo, with . The "comune" with fewest people living in it is Carapelle Calvisio with 88 inhabitants. Main "comuni". The following table shows the 10 "comuni" with more inhabitants with their population, and their area and altitude.
The province of Chieti () is a province in the Abruzzo region of Southern Italy. Its capital is the city of Chieti, and the province borders the Adriatic Sea. Geography. Chieti is the most eastern province in Abruzzo and has an area of , the second largest province in the region after the province of L'Aquila. The province is bordered to the north and east by the Adriatic Sea, to the northwest by the province of Pescara, to the southwest by the province of L'Aquila and to south and southeast with Molise (to the south with the province of Isernia and to the southeast with the province of Campobasso). The main rivers in the province areː The highest mountain in the province is "Monte Amaro",() in the "Majella massif", Apennines; it is high and is the highest mountain of three provinces: Chieti, L'Aquila and Pescara of the Abruzzo. Population. There are 389,169 persons living in the province (January 2017), for a population density of inhabitants/km². Evolution of the population Municipalities. There are 104 municipalities (or "comuni") in the province; they are: The largest "comune" is Atessa, with and the smallest is Pietraferrazzana, with . Two "comuni" have less than 100 inhabitantsː Montebello sul Sangro with 92 inhabitants, and Montelapiano with 83 inhabitants. Main "comuni". The following table shows the 10 "comuni" with more inhabitants with their population, and their area and altitude.
The province of Teramo () is a province in the Abruzzo region of Central Italy. Its capital is the city of Teramo, and the province borders the Adriatic Sea. Geography. Teramo is in the northeast of Abruzzo and has an area of , the third largest province in the region after the provinces of L'Aquila and Chieti. The province is bordered to the east by the Adriatic Sea, to the north by the province of Ascoli Piceno (Marche region), to the northwest by the province of Rieti (Lazio region), to the southwest by the province of L'Aquila and to the south by the province of Pescara. The main river in the province is the Vomano, long, that flows into the Adriatic Sea. The highest mountain in the province (and in the Abruzzo region) is Corno Grande (), with an altitude of . Population. There are 309,859 persons living in the province (January 2017), for a population density of inhabitants/km². Evolution of the population Municipalities. There are 47 municipalities (or "comuni") in the province; they are: The largest "comune" is Teramo, with and the smallest is Nereto, with . Two "comuni" have less than 300 inhabitantsː Fano Adriano with 288 inhabitants, and Pietracamela with 263 inhabitants. Main "comuni". The following table shows the 10 "comuni" with more inhabitants with their population, and their area and altitude. From north to south, the province of Teramo has seven blue flag beaches on the Adriatric Seacoast, called the "Seven Sisters"; they are:
The province of Pescara () is a province in the Abruzzo region of Southern Italy, along the Adriatic Sea. Its capital is the city of Pescara. Geography. Pescara is the smallest province in Abruzzo with an area of . The province is bordered to the northeast by the Adriatic Sea, to the north by the province of Teramo, to the east by the province of Chieti, and to the south and west by the province of L'Aquila. The final part of the Aterno-Pescara river flows through this province; other rivers are smaller and most of them are tributaries of the Aterno-Pescara river. The city of Pescara, the capital of the province, is at the mouth of this river. The highest mountain in the province is "Monte Amaro",() in the "Majella massif", Apennines; it is high and is the highest mountain of three provinces: Chieti, L'Aquila and Pescara of the Abruzzo. Population. There are 321,309 persons living in the province (January 2017), for a population density of inhabitants/km². Evolution of the population Municipalities. There are 46 municipalities (or "comuni") in the province; they are: The largest "comune" is Penne, with and the smallest is Cappelle sul Tavo, with . The "comune" with fewest people living in it is Corvara with 247 inhabitants. Main "comuni". The following table shows the 10 "comuni" with more inhabitants with their population, and their area and altitude.
The province of Perugia () is a province in the Umbria region of Central Italy. Its capital is the city of Perugia. The city of Perugia is also the capital of Umbria. History. The province of Perugia was created in 1860 as "Province of the Umbria". At that time, the province was larger than now because the present Province of Terni was included. In 1927, the old province of the Umbria was divided in two provinces, Perugia and Terni. Geography. The province of Perugia, with an area of , is the larger of the two province in Umbria. The province is bordered to the north and east by the Marche (Pesaro and Urbino, Ancona, Macerata and Ascoli Piceno provinces), to the south with Lazio (province of Rieti) and with the province of Terni, and to the west with Tuscany (Siena and Arezzo provinces). The main river in the region is the Tiber. The largest lake of the province, and of Umbria, is the Trasimeno, one of the largest lake of Italy. The highest mountain in the province is Cima del Redentore, in the same group of mountains of the Monte Vettore, with an altitude of . There are four regional natural parks in the province of Perugia: "Parco di Colfiorito", "Parco del Lago Trasimeno", "Parco del Monte Cucco" and "Parco del Monte Subasio". The Monti Sibillini National Park () is mainly in the Manche region but part of it is in Umbria. Population. , there are 662,110 persons living in the province, for a population density of inhabitants/km². Administration. The province has 59 "comuni". The "comuni" with more people living in them areː The largest "comune" is Gubbio, with and the smallest is Paciano, with . The "comune" with fewest inhabitants is Poggiodomo with 117 inhabitants.
The Province of Terni () is a province in the Umbria region of Central Italy. Its capital is the city of Terni. History. The province of Terni was created in 1927 when the old "Province of the Umbria", created in 1860, was divided in two provinces, the Perugia and Terni provinces. Geography. The province of Terni has an area of , one-third of both the area and population of the Umbria region. The province is bordered to the north with the province of Perugia, to the east, south and west with the Lazio (the Rieti and Viterbo provinces) and to north-west with the Tuscany (province of Siena). The province is in the southwest of the Umbria region, in the last part of the Nera river valley near the confluence with the Velino river, and the eastern part of the valley of the Tiber river. The highest mountain in the province is Monte Aspra (), in the eastern part of the province, with an altitude of . There are two fluvial parks, to protect two rivers and their areas around them, in the province of Terni: "Parco fluviale del Tevere" ("Fluvial park of the Tiber") and "Parco fluviale del Nera" ("Fluvial park of the Nera"). Population. , there are 229,071 persons living in the province, for a population density of inhabitants/km². Administration. The province of Terni has 33 "comuni". There are only four "comuni" with more than 10,000 people living in them; they areː The largest "comune" is Orvieto, with and the three smallest are Attigliano (), Montefranco () and Penna in Teverina (). Only two "comuni" have less than 1,000 inhabitantsː Parrano with 534 inhabitants, and Polino with 233 inhabitants
Spurgeon's (it used to be called Spurgeon's Child Care) is a charity based in England. It has international projects in Mexico, Africa and Eastern Europe. Spurgeon's was founded in 1867 by Charles Spurgeon. He started it to care for fatherless boys. The first girls were accepted in 1879. History. Spurgeon's originally started as an orphanage. It was called Stockwell Orphanage, and was started by Spurgeon in 1867. It was located in what is now Stockwell Park Estate, in Stockwell, London. It opened on 9 September 1869, and was originally for boys only. The orphanage had places for 250 children to live. These children were fed, clothed and taught at the orphanage. This all cost about £5,000 each year. The money to pay for this mainly came from donations. The orphanage was a home for boys without fathers between the ages of six and ten. Even though the orphanage was created by Baptists, boys of any religion were accepted there. In 1879, other buildings for children to live in were added to the orphanage. This allowed the orphanage to begin letting girls live there also. Stockwell Orphanage was open until London was bombed in the Second World War. It later turned into Spurgeon's Child Care (and then into Spurgeon's). It is now mainly in England, but has international projects in Mexico, Africa and Eastern Europe.
Mastodons or Mastodonts are extinct elephant-like animals of the genus "Mammut" and the family Mammutidae. Mastodons became extinct about 11,000 years ago.  Mastodons, with mammoths, modern elephants and various older families, are members of the order Proboscidea. As adults they stood between 2.5 and 3 meters (8-10 feet) at the shoulder and weighed between 3500 and 5400 kilograms (4-6 tons).  Mastodons were browsers on leaves and branches, as shown by their molar teeth. Two species. "M. americanum" was the American mastodon, and "M. pacificus" was the Pacific mastodon. They are the youngest and best-known species of the genus. Mastodons disappeared from North America as part of a mass extinction of most of the Pleistocene megafauna. Recent discovery. Stone tools and bones from a butchered mastodon were found at the bottom of a river in Florida. After a four-year investigation, researchers decided that humans lived there and made a meal of a mastodon 14,550 years ago.
The WWE Draft, also known as the Superstar Shake-up from 2017 to 2019, is a process used by professional wrestling company WWE to provide new brand competition and to refresh the promotion's Raw and SmackDown rosters. The draft was first used during the brand extension from 2002 to 2011, and was officially brought back in 2016 with the start of the second brand extension. History. The first draft happened on April 1, 2002, with Ric Flair representing RAW and Mr. McMahon representing SmackDown!. On June 10, 2002, Mr. McMahon became the kayfabe sole owner of WWE when he beat Flair in a No Holds Barred match. The following month, he named general managers (Eric Bischoff for RAW and Stephanie McMahon for SmackDown!) to lead each brand. Since then, there have been further drafts: In March 2004, with the theme/tagline of WrestleMania XX being "Where it all begins again," Mr. McMahon announced a draft lottery, stating "it's time to shake things up again." Each general manager received six picks. In June 2005, Mr. McMahon announced a second draft lottery which would take place throughout the entire month of June. Both general managers received five random picks. In May 2006, WWE added a third brand called ECW, the revived version of Extreme Championship Wrestling. "ECW Representative" Paul Heyman was allowed to pick one wrestler from RAW and one from SmackDown!. On May 28, 2007, Shane McMahon announced a new draft which featured all three brands. The Draft took place on June 11, 2007, on a special three-hour episode of "RAW". On May 26, 2008, Mr. McMahon announced a new draft, which would feature all three WWE brands. The draft took place on June 23, 2008. On February 11, 2009, WWE announced via WWE.com that the 2009 WWE Draft would take place "8 Days after WrestleMania" which was April 13, 2009, on "Raw". The 2010 draft
The Battle of Iwo Jima was the American capture of the Japanese island of Iwo Jima during the Pacific Campaign of World War II. The USA needed to capture Iwo Jima to be able to defeat Japan. Many films were made about it, for example "Flags of our Fathers" and "Letters from Iwo Jima", that were both directed by Clint Eastwood. It lasted from 19 February – 26 March 1945. It was a major battle in which the United States Armed Forces captured the island of Iwo Jima from the Japanese Empire. The Americans wanted to capture the island, including its three airfields, and use this area for attacks on the Japanese main islands. This five-week battle had violent fighting. After suffering such heavy losses, people questioned why the US went into the battle. The island was not useful for the Navy or Air Force. The Imperial Japanese Army had thick defenses and underground tunnels for cover. The Americans had ships that could fire on the island and total control of the air.  This invasion was the first American attack on Japanese home territory. The Japanese general, Tadamichi Kuribayashi, and his soldiers refused to surrender. He and his officers said they would fight until they died. There were 22,000 Japanese soldiers on Iwo Jima at the beginning of the battle, and only 216 were taken prisoner at the end. About 3,000 Japanese soldiers kept fighting for weeks. With no retreat and no possibility of reinforcements, the Japanese had dug in and prepared to fight until they died. This meant that winning the battle, meant the Americans would have to destroy the entire Japanese force stationed on the island. The battle was made famous by Joe Rosenthal's photograph of the raising of the U.S. flag on top of the Mount Suribachi. This photo became an important image of this battle, of the war in the Pacific, and of the Marine Corps. Background. After the Americans captured the Marshall Islands in January 1944, the Japanese military leaders thought about their situation. It looked like the Americans would go toward the Mariana Islands and the Carolines. The Imperial Japanese Army and the Imperial Japanese Navy (I.J.N.)