ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
The Georgia Institute of Technology is a public university (school for after high school) in Atlanta, Georgia. It is also known as Georgia Tech.  It focuses primarily on engineering, science and computer science, but also has schools of management, architecture, and liberal arts. When it opened in 1885, the school's main focus was on practical experience (learning things by doing them); students spent half of their time in class, and half in the shop.  It first admitted women in 1952.  In 1961, it was the first university in the South to integrate (let people of different races go to school together) without a court order. The school's colors are white and old gold (mustard yellow). Their mascot is Buzz, a Yellow Jacket (a kind of bee-like wasp).
Josiah was a child king of Judah. He was born around 640 BC. Josiah started his rule as king at the age of 8 when his father, Amon, died. Josiah was thought of as a good king. He following in the steps of his ancestor King David. Josiah ruled for 31 years in Jerusalem and died in 609 BC. He was killed by King Necho of Egypt while Josiah was helping the king of Assyria fight off the attacks of the Egyptian. Josiah's son Jehoahaz became the new King of Judah.
The Antarctic Circle is one of the five major circles of latitude that mark maps of the Earth. It is the parallel of latitude at 66° 33′ 39″ south of the Equator, crossing mostly the Southern Ocean. In the Antarctic Circle, all places have twenty-four hours of daylight on the Summer Solstice in December. In June on the Winter Solstice all places have twenty-four hours of night. There is a minimum of one whole day that the sun does not set and one whole day that the sun does not rise. The area south of this circle is named the Antarctic, and the zone to the north is the Southern Temperate Zone. The continent of Antarctica is a land mass that is most of the area within the Antarctic Circle. The South Pole is in the center of the Antarctic Circle. There is no permanent population of persons south of the Antarctic Circle. There are research centers from some nations on Antarctica. Teams of scientists live in the research centers for part of the year. In past centuries some whaling stations were set up on Antarctica and some of the whalers would live there for a year or more. At least three children have been born in Antarctica. It is one of the coldest places on earth.The lowest temperature ever recorded on earth was recorded in Antarctica (-129.3)
Toast is bread which has been grilled until hot and crispy. A toaster, grill or open fire is used. Toasted bread is both darker in color and crunchier than normal bread. Toast can be eaten with a range of condiments spread on the surface, such as butter, jam, honey, and cheese to make cheese on toast, though these are optional as some people prefer their toast without condiments (dry toast). Toast can also be used to make 'toasties', where a filling is compressed and heated between two slices of buttered bread in a toastie maker. Popular fillings include cheese, jam, peanut butter and chocolate spread. Preparation. Before the invention of modern cooking appliances such as toasters and grills, bread has been produced in ovens for millennia. Toast can be made in the same oven.  Many brands of sliced bread are available, some specifically marketing their suitability for toasting.
A toaster is a machine that toasts bread. The bread is put into the toaster and after a few minutes it pops up, toasted. This is because of the heating elements inside the toaster. The pop-up toaster was invented by Charles Strite in 1921.
Swiss cheese is a name for a number of cheeses that are like Swiss Emmental cheese. This name is mostly used in the United States and Canada, and in most cases, the cheeses are made there and are not from Switzerland. Like it, they have holes, which are made by the bacteria that change milk into Swiss cheese. "Propionibacterium" uses the lactic acid that is made by other bacteria, and it gives off a gas called carbon dioxide. This slowly forms bubbles that become the holes. The holes in the cheese are called the "eyes", and a Swiss cheese that does not have holes is called a "blind" cheese. Most often, Swiss cheeses with larger eyes have a better taste, as the same things that make the eyes bigger also make the taste of the cheese better. These include longer time and more warmth as the cheese is formed. Emmental cheese has been produced in France, Germany, and Austria for a long time. This is why the names Emmental and Swiss Cheese can be used for kinds of cheese that are not made in Emmental in Switzerland but are made the same way.
Henry VI (6 December 1421 - 21 May 1471) was King of England twice. The first time was from 31 August 1422 to 1461. The second time was from 1470 to 21 May 1471. He was also the King of France from 1422 to 1453. The King. Henry was the only child of King Henry V of England and was his heir. He was born on 6 December 1421 at Windsor. He became king at the age of nine months on 31 August 1422, when his father died. His mother, Catherine of Valois, was then only twenty years old. Because she was the daughter of King Charles VI of France, and France had been the enemy of England, the English people did not trust her and she was not allowed to have a large part in raising her son. Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, Henry IV's youngest son, was given the position of "Protector and Defender of the Realm and the Church" (Regent of England) until the King was old enough to rule. His job was to keep the peace and deal with Parliament. Henry IV's oldest living son, John, Duke of Bedford, was made the Regent of France. He was in charge of running the war that was happening. Bedford also replaced Gloucester as Regent of England whenever he was in England. Coronation. Henry was eventually made King of England at Westminster Abbey on 6 November 1429 a month before his eighth birthday. He was made King of France at Notre Dame in Paris on 16 December 1431. Because he was a child he was not allowed to control the government until he was declared of age on his sixteenth birthday in 1437, the same year his mother died. Henry's marriage to Margaret of Anjou. Because of his success in the Hundred Years' War, Henry V had left England with a lot of land in France. Since Henry VI was still a child, and England was ruled by a Regent, much of the land his father gained was lost. Diplomatic mistakes as well as military failures caused the loss of most of the English
Incidental music is music which has been written for a play. It is not like opera where there is usually music all the way through. Incidental music will be used between scenes or for particularly important moments in the play or for songs sung by the actors. It is called “incidental” because the music is not as important as the play. Incidental music dates as far back as Ancient Greece. It was used in the 16th and 17th centuries, especially in the plays of Shakespeare whose characters often sing songs. At this time incidental music was used more often for comedies than for tragedies. Tragedies were about important people who were busy ruling their country and having wars. In the plays they spoke in verse and were too noble to sing. People thought that comedies were more suitable for including music. The songs were often sung by actors playing the parts of shepherds, nymphs or clowns. In later centuries music was used for all types of serious drama. Sometimes large orchestras were used. Many famous composers wrote music to be played by an orchestra during plays. A famous example is the incidental music for Shakespeare’s “A Midsummer Night's Dream” composed by Felix Mendelssohn in 1842. Other composers worked with living poets such as Goethe and Schiller. Beethoven wrote music for Goethe’s play "Egmont". This music is very closely linked to what happens in the story: the overture describes the harshness of the Spanish oppression of the Netherlands which is what the play is about. Schubert’s famous "Rosamunde" overture comes from a play called "Die Zauberharfe" ("The Magic Harp"). Schumann’s music for "Manfred" is different: it was never intended to be performed with the play, it was just inspired by Schumann’s imagination. Many other composers wrote incidental music, e.g. Sibelius (for Maeterlinck’s play "Pelléas et Mélisande") and Grieg (for Ibsen’s play "Peer Gynt"). In all these examples the music is now usually heard at concerts, not as part of the original play. Most of them
A kayak is a small boat that is driven by manpower. It typically has a covered deck, and a cockpit covered by a spraydeck. It is propelled by a double-bladed paddle by a sitting paddler. The kayak was used by the native Ainu, Inuit, Aleut and Eskimo hunters in sub-Arctic regions of northeastern Asia, North America and Greenland. Modern kayaks come in a wide variety of designs and materials for specialized purposes. Kayaks typically are built for one, two or occasionally three paddlers who sit facing forward in one or more cockpits below the deck of the boat. The spray skirt or similar waterproof garment attaches securely to the edges of the cockpit, so that no water from waves or spray may enter the boat. Therefore, in most styles the boat can roll upright again without it filling with water or ejecting the paddler. Kayaks differ distinctly in design and history from canoes, which are craft propelled by single-bladed paddles by a kneeling paddler, although some modern canoes may be difficult for a non-expert to distinguish from a kayak. Kayaks are often called canoes in Great Britain and Ireland.
A canoe is a small boat, that is often driven by manpower or womanpower, but also commonly sailed. Canoes are pointed at both ends and usually open on top, but can be covered. Canoes are known as "Paddle boats" in some small towns in the south of Australia. The canoe is propelled by the use of paddles, with the number of paddlers depending on the size of the canoe (most commonly 2). Paddlers face in the direction of travel, either seated or kneeling. In this way paddling a canoe can be contrasted with rowing, where the rowers face away from the direction of travel. Paddles may be single-bladed or double-bladed.
A paddle is a tool used for pushing against liquids, either for propulsion in a boat or for mixing liquids. Paddles commonly used in canoes consist of a wooden, fibreglass or metal rod (the "shaft") with a handle on one end and a rigid sheet (the "blade") on the other end. Paddles for use in kayaks are longer, with a blade on each end, and usually no handles.
The Mahdi or Mehdi ('the rightly-guided one') is Islam's messiah or savior. It is said that he and the Prophet Jesus will change the world for the better, bringing God in all hearts, before Yawm al-Qiyamah ("Day of the Resurrection").  In particular, the Sudanese tribal leader Muhammed Ahmed proclaimed himself as the Mahdi, appointed by Allah to free his country. He defeated the forces of the Khedive of Egypt and the British, only to die suddenly six months later.
Propulsion is the use of force to make movement. For ground propulsion the first instrument was the wheel. For water propulsion pole, paddle, oar and sail have been used. Nowadays the most common types are underwater propellers. Sails are still common, and historically represented the most important form of early propulsion for large ships.  For air propulsion, the most common types are propeller and jet engine. Others have been used experimentally.
Drama is a type of literature. A drama can be in the form of a novel, television show, movie, play or dance. Although drama is a Greek word meaning "action", most dramas focus more on the relationships between people than on the actions. Dramas usually have a serious feel to them. Drama is considered the opposite of comedy, but drama and comedy can be used at the same time. Drama is full of sensational action, dialogue, incidents etc.  Shakespeare influenced the theatre industry by showing what could be done with plot and language.
Ribes is a genus of about 150 species of flowering plants. They are native throughout the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. It is the only genus in the family Grossulariaceae. Seven subgenera are recognized. Sometimes "Ribes" is instead put in the family Saxifragaceae. A few taxonomists place the gooseberry species in a separate genus of "Grossularia". Cultivation. The genus "Ribes" includes the edible currants (blackcurrant, redcurrant, white currant), gooseberry, and several hybrid varieties. It should not be confused with the dried currant used in cakes and puddings, which is a cultivar of small grape (Zante currant). "Ribes" gives its name to the popular blackcurrant cordial Ribena. The genus also includes the group of ornamental plants collectively known as the flowering currants, for instance "R. sanguineum". References. current affairs 2020
The mast of a sailing ship is a tall vertical pole which supports the sails. Larger ships have several masts, with the size depending on the style of ship. Until the 20th century, a ship's masts would be wooden spars, originally constructed from a single straight tree trunk. As ship sizes increased, taller masts were constructed by lashing up to three spars together.
Juan Manuel Fangio (24 June 1911 – 17 July 1995) was an Argentine race car driver. He won the Formula One drivers' championship five times, in the years 1951, 1954, 1955, 1956, and 1957.
Tsaagan meaning "white" is a dinosaur related to "Velociraptor". It is in the family Dromaeosauridae. It lived in Asia about 75 million years ago. It was discovered in the Djadokhta Formation of the late Cretaceous of Mongolia. When it was discovered, it was thought to be a species of "Velociraptor". After a CAT-scan in 1998, scientists found that it represented a new genus. In 2010 it was discovered that it was closely related to "Linheraptor". They are probably in the same genus.
Edward II (25 April 1284 – 21 September 1328) is also known as Edward of Caernarfon. He was the King of England from 1307 until he was forced to abdicate the throne in 1327.  His tendency to ignore his nobility, in favour of low-born favorites, led to political trouble and eventually to his removal from the throne.  He is most remembered for a story about his alleged murder. This was linked to his reliance on the corrupt family of Hugh le Despenser the Younger, which has been seen by some as evidence of his homosexuality.
Richard III (1452–1485) was the King of England from 1483 until 1485. He was the last king from the House of Plantagenet. Richard was part of the House of York during the Wars of the Roses. He was the younger brother of King Edward IV. When Edward IV died, his 12-year-old son became King Edward V. Richard was given the role of "Protector", meaning he would run the country until Edward V became an adult. However, Edward IV, a well known womanizer, had entered into a second, secret marriage with his children's mother, while he was still married to Eleanor Butler; thereby, rendering all seven children illegitimate. The Three Estates and the London City Council began discussions about the evidence brought forth by Bishop Robert Stillington, and concluded that the late king had committed bigamy, making his children bastards who were, therefore, ineligible to inherent the throne. The crown was presented to the oldest male relative of Edward IV, Richard.  The rumour that Richard had ordered the boys to be killed originated in the French court and did not reach England for several months. Richard put down a rebellion in October 1483 by his old friend the Duke of Buckingham, and the simultaneous first attempt by Henry Tudor and his French troops to land in England to usurp the throne. Buckingham was beheaded for high treason, and bad weather on the English Channel prevented Henry from landing. Henry Tudor successfully landed in Wales in August 1485. While he did not succeed in attracting men to his cause, the Stanley brothers agreed to bring their sizable private army with him. This led to the Battle of Bosworth Field, in which Richard was betrayed and killed by William Stanley's men. His body was put on public display, nude, in Leicester for three days, before Henry allowed the body to be buried in a quickly dug grave in their priory in Leicester.  In 2012, Richard's skeleton was rediscovered beneath a car park, where the priory once stood. It was reburied in Leicester Cathedral in March 2015. For many years, Richard III was seen as a villain. The Tudor kings and queens
The Tampa Bay Rays are a Major League Baseball team that plays in St. Petersburg, Florida. They play in the American League East division. From 1998 until November 2007, They were known as the Tampa Bay Devil Rays. In 2008, the team changed their name to the "Rays". Their home stadium is Tropicana Field located in St, Petersburg. History. The Rays played their first game on March 31, 1998 against the Detroit Tigers (as the Tampa Bay Devil Rays), which they lost 11-6. They were one of the least successful teams in the Major Leagues until 2008, when they finished in first place in the American League East and had one of the best records in baseball. They made it to the World Series but were beaten by Philadelphia in five games. Evan Longoria brought the team's first AL Rookie of the Year award to the team on November 10, 2008. The Rays returned to the World Series in 2020 but lost again, this time to the Los Angeles Dodgers in six games. On November 8, 2007, the team changed its name to Tampa Bay Rays. The "Devil Ray" mascot was a type of stingray. While this is still a mascot of theirs, the new "Rays" name is said to represent the sunshine in Florida. Rivalries. The Rays have rivalries with two teams. The Boston Red Sox is one due to the 2008 American League Championship Series, the other is the Florida Marlins due their in-state location. When the Rays and Marlins meet during inter-league play (when the American League (Rays) and National League (Marlins) play each other) it is known as the "Citrus Series".
Flux of Pink Indians was political punk band. It was formed in Hertfordshire, England in 1980. Flux of Pink Indians was made up of Colin Latter (vocals), Derek Birkett (bass), Kevin Hunter (guitar) and Martin Wilson (drums). The band was originally called the Epileptics and later changed their name to Epi-X after complaints from the British Epilepsy Association. In 1981, the group signed on with the Crass label. They took on the organization's dedication to anarchist politics and punk abrasion. They issued their debut album "Neu Smell" soon after signing. With that album they got an indie hit with "Johnny Kidd". Upon creating their own label, Spiderleg, Flux of Pink Indians resurfaced in 1982 with the album "Strive to Survive Causing Least Suffering Possible". Not surprisingly, their 1983 follow-up "The Fucking Cunts Treat Us Like Pricks" was banned by many British retailers. One Manchester indie record store which did carry the record was charged for displaying "obscene articles for publication for gain." A long time off followed before the group - now known as Flux - returned in 1986 with the largely instrumental "Uncarved Block". They disbanded in 1987; Derek Birkett later the One Little Indian label. Their latest CD came out in 2003.
The Canadian Football League (CFL; , LCF) is a professional sports league in Canada. They play Canadian football and are they highest level of competition for the sport. The CFL is the second most popular sports league in Canada after the NHL. There are 9 teams; 4 in the Eastern Division and 5 Western Division. The Grey Cup is the championship for the CFL. The league was founded on January 19, 1958, making it the second oldest professional gridiron football league in North America that still operates. However, several of its teams played for many years before the modern league was formed. One current team, the Toronto Argonauts, was formed in 1873, and four other teams claim descent from teams that played before 1900.
Shorts are short length trousers or pants that reach only to the upper part of the legs or more, but do not cover the entire leg. They are worn by both men and women. Shorts are worn either as outer garments or as underwear. They are called "shorts" because they are a shortened version of "trousers" (as they are called in British English, or "pants" in American English) which cover the entire leg. Why people wear shorts: Types. There are many types of shorts:
A swimsuit, bathing suit (sometimes shortened to bathers), or swimming costume (sometimes shortened to cozzie) is clothing designed to be worn for swimming. Swimming trunks are a pair of shorts or briefs worn for swimming or bathing. In New Zealand English and some areas of Australian English, swimsuits are usually called togs. This term is less common in other parts of the English-speaking world where it may refer to clothes in general. Swimsuits can be skin-tight or loosely fitting. They range from garments designed to preserve as much modesty as possible to garments designed to reveal as much of the body as possible without actual nudity. They are often lined with a fabric that prevents them from becoming transparent when wet. Bacteria grow well on wet or damp swimsuits. For this reason people should change rapidly from a wet swimsuit to a dry one. Doctors also say that for this reason sharing unwashed swimsuits is s bad idea.
Pangrams are sentences that have one or more of every letter in an alphabet. They are used to show every letter in a font, or to test a keyboard or typewriter. The most common example in English is "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog".
Binary is base 2 number system. It is called base 2 because each digit can only be 2 possible values: 0 and 1. Because decimal also has the digits 0 and 1, a subscript "(2)" is usually added to binary numbers to not confuse people. Computers work in binary, because it is the simplest way to store information using electricity. A wire can be powered on to represent a 1, or powered off to represent a 0. Large sets of binary numbers can be used by computers to represent other types of information, such as text, songs, or videos.  Number system. When being introduced to binary numbers, it helps to go back and think about how decimal numbers work. A single-digit number can only go from 0 to 9, and people often need to use larger numbers than that. So, we add another digit, and say that it counts tens instead of ones. Another digit counts hundreds, then another counts thousands, and so on. Binary is the same. A single-digit number can only go from 0 to 1, so we add another digit that counts twos instead of ones, then another that counts fours, then eights, and so on. For example, let's look at the number 1101 in decimal and binary. In decimal, the number means "add one thousand, one hundred, one". In binary, the number means "add one eight, one four, one". Therefore, 1101 in binary is equal to 13 in decimal. Computers. All computers use binary at the lowest level. Most hard memory, like compact discs and DVDs, use binary to represent large files. With computers, eight binary bits together is called a "byte". The size of files is commonly measured in "kilobytes" or "megabytes" (sometimes in "gigabytes"). A kilobyte is 1000 bytes. A megabyte is 1000 kilobytes, a gigabyte is 1000 megabytes and a terabyte is 1000 gigabytes. Sometimes, it is easier to measure bytes in groups of 1024, since 1024 is a power of 2. There are 1024 bytes in a "kibibyte", 1024 kibibytes in a "mebibyte", and 1024 mebibytes in a "gibibyte".