ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Chatham is a large town in Medway, North Kent. About 70,000 people live there. The town is important because of its harbour. Even though the harbour is no longer used, it is still important for tourism. The first mention of the town was in the year 1086. In the year 1667, the docks were attacked by the Dutch. Charles Dickens lived in Chatham from 1817 to 1821. In the Chatham town centre is The Pentagon Shopping Centre as well as the Chatham Waterfront bus station and close by is Chatham railway station.
A graphics tablet is an input device for computers. Users can use them to hand-draw images, graphics or handwriting as if they were drawing on a piece of paper. They use a pointing device, most often a stylus. Graphics tablets are one way of "digitizing" a physical piece of artwork. Instead of using hardware like scanners, one can simply trace an image from a piece of paper and it will be recreated on the screen. It is also possible to create original digital art on a graphics tablet.  Another thing that graphics tablets can do is handwriting recognition, which is popular in East Asia as a quick way to enter Chinese, Japanese and Korean characters into an application. Parts. Surface: A tablet has a flat surface on which the user can draw. This surface can be of different sizes or shapes, most often a square. Images drawn on a graphics tablet are most often not shown on the surface itself but can only be seen on a screen. However, there are special graphics tablets which allow the user to see their input right on the drawing surface. These hybrids are combination of a graphics tablet and a screen. Graphics tablets often have features like pressure sensitivity or stylus hovering that most touchscreens lack. Stylus: A stylus is a pen-like device that is used to give the tablet its input. It is also used to detect different amounts of pressure, often for use in a drawing program to change line thickness or color density.  Puck: After stylus, pucks are the most commonly used tablet accessory. A puck is a mouse-like device that can detect its absolute position and rotation. Professional pucks often have a loupe for greater precision. Types. Passive tablets use electromagnetic induction technology. The tablet generates an electromagnetic signal, which is received by a circuit in the stylus. The wires in the tablet then change to a receiving mode and read the signal generated by the stylus to read its position. The stylus does not require a battery for this. Active tablets use self-powered electronics that generate and send a signal to the tablet. These graphics tablets may listen for pen signals constantly, reducing inaccuracies in the reading of user input. This type of stylus often requires a battery, making
Patrick Murphy (1834–1862) was an Irish giant, born in County Down from parents James Murphy and mother Peggy (née Cunningham), who put himself in a show as a way of making money. He originally worked on the docks in Liverpool, England and, after that, became a waiter at a hotel. Because he was so tall, Murphy attracted crowds everywhere he went. He eventually decided that he could make a living being tall. He always spoke of himself as being 8'10" and in some circles as much as 9'3". In about 1860, he was measured by a Dr. Virchow as being 7'3.4" (222 cm) tall. In May 1857 the Emperor and Empress of Austria invited the tall Irishman to visit their kingdom. While he was on tour throughout Europe, he died of smallpox in Marseille at the age of twenty-eight.
Patrick Murphy was an Irish pilot who mistakenly bombed the border town of Naco, Arizona. Not much is known about his personal life.  Bombing of Naco, Arizona. Murphy owned a plane around the time of the Cristero War in Mexico against the anti-Catholic government of Emilio Portes Gil. Murphy decided to help the rebels by using his plane to bomb the government-controlled town of Naco, Sonora. He tried many times between March 31 and April 6 to bomb Naco but also accidentally, bombed the Arizona border town with the same name. He destroyed some buildings and a car. United States soldiers eventually came to his house and took away his plane. Murphy escaped to rebel territory in Mexico but returned to the United States and was jailed for a little while. Legacy. Murphy became the first person working for another country to ever bomb the mainland United States. Singer Dolan Ellis honored Murphy in one of his songs on his "Tall Tales, Lost Trails &amp; Heroes" album.
The Imperia Tower is a building in Moscow, Russia. The building is part of the Moscow International Business Center. The building has a hotel, business center, offices and even private apartments. The building is 60 floors. The business space is from floors 2 to 3, the hotel area is from floors 33 to 41 and the private apartments are from floors 40 to 60. The building also has a great view of the full city of Moscow. The parking area can hold 1,435 cars.
Crosstalk, also known by its Chinese name xiangsheng (Simplified Chinese: 相声, Traditional Chinese: 相聲, pinyin: "xiàngsheng", literally, "looking at each other and speaking"), is a traditional Chinese comedy form. Crosstalk is a special kind of dialogue and a special kind of performance. The comic language has many puns and allusions. The words are spoken in a fast, rushed manner. The comedy is a kind of banter.  According to Canadian crosstalk comedian Dashan (Mark Rowswell), the closest equivalent in English would be Abbott and Costello's "Who's on First?" sketch. Format. Modern crosstalk is made up of four skills–speaking (Simplified Chinese: 说, Traditional Chinese: 說, pinyin: "shuō"), imitating (Simplified Chinese: 学, Traditional Chinese: 學, pinyin: "xué"), teasing (Simplified and Traditional Chinese: 逗, pinyin: "dòu"), and singing (Simplified and Traditional chinese: 唱, pinyin: "chàng"). History. Crosstalk was popular during the Qing Dynasty. It is also a standard feature of CCTV's annual New Year's Gala.
An oppidum (plural: "oppida") is a large fortified Iron Age settlement.  In the 2nd and 1st centuries BC, they were in all parts of Europe. They continued until the Romans conquered Southern and Western Europe. In Germania, north of the rivers Danube and Rhine, oppida were used into the 1st century AD. Julius Caesar called the larger Celtic Iron Age settlements he found in Gaul "oppida". The word is now used to describe the large pre-Roman towns that existed across Western and Central Europe. Many oppida grew from hill forts, but not all of them had an important defensive role. The main features of the oppida are: The development of oppida was an important step in the urbanisation of Europe. They were the first large settlements north of the Mediterranean that could be described as towns. Caesar pointed out that each tribe of Gaul would have several oppida, but that they were not all of equal importance. This suggests that there was some form of hierarchy. In conquered lands, the Romans took over the oppida to administer the Empire, and many became full Roman towns. This often involved a change of location from the hilltop into the plain. One of the best preserved oppida is at Enserune in France. It was occupied continuously from 6th century BC until the 1st century. Other oppida are now buried beneath large cities, such as Vindobona which is covered by Vienna.
The Isley Brothers are a very successful music group from the northeastern United States. They had many songs in the 1950s through the 2000s. Their songs included "Twist and Shout" and "Contagious". Their music is mixed R&amp;B, funk and soul. The group is made of six African American brothers.
The Mandarin orange, also known as the mandarin or mandarine (both lower-case), is a small citrus tree ("Citrus reticulata") with fruit that looks like other oranges. Mandarin oranges are usually eaten plain or in fruit salads. The mandarin is tender, and is damaged easily by cold. It can be grown in tropical and subtropical areas. Mandarin oranges contain many nutrients but is highest in vitamin C and calcium. A medium mandarin contains approximately 22 grams of vitamin C and 31 grams of calcium. The mandarin is easily peeled with the fingers, and can be easily split into even segments without squirting juice. This makes it more convenient to eat, as utensils are not required to peel or cut the fruit. Mandarin segments are also sold in cans. During Chinese New Year, Mandarin oranges and tangerines are considered traditional symbols of good fortune. During the two-week celebration, they are frequently displayed as decoration and presented as gifts to friends, relatives, and business partners.
Marco Simoncelli (20 January 1987 – 23 October 2011) was an Italian motorcycle racer. He competed in the Road Racing World Championship for 10 years from 2002 to 2011. Death. Simoncelli died after an accident during the 2011 Malaysian Grand Prix at Sepang on 23 October 2011.
Rhys Ifans (born Rhys Owain Evans; 22 July 1967) is a Welsh actor and musician. In movies, he has played Spike in "Notting Hill" (1999), Eyeball Paul in "Kevin &amp; Perry Go Large" (2000), Danny Morgan in "Danny Deckchair" (2003), Jed Parry in "Enduring Love" (2004), Xenophilius Lovegood in "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1" (2010), Howard Marks in "Mr. Nice" (2010), Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford in "Anonymous" (2011) and Dr. Curt Connors / The Lizard in "The Amazing Spider-Man" (2012) and "" (2021). In 2005, Ifans won a BAFTA Award for his role as Peter Cook in "Not Only But Always" (2004). He is known on television for roles in "Elementary" and "Berlin Station". Ifans was born in Haverfordwest, Pembrokeshire. He is a native Welsh speaker. His brother is actor Llŷr Ifans. He dated actress Anna Friel between 2011 and 2014.
Sandra Bernhard (born June 6, 1955) is an American actress, singer, comedian and writer. She has been seen in many movies, sitcoms and on live stage since the 1970s. She also wrote several books and animated shows like "The Powerpuff Girls", "Disney's Hercules", "Spider-Man The Animated Series".  Bernhard was born in Flint, Michigan. She moved to Scottsdale, Arizona. She is openly bisexual. She is in a long-term relationship with a woman. Bernhard has a daughter.
Symbian OS is an operating system for mobile devices. It is designed for smartphones.  History. Nokia, Motorola, Ericsson, Psion and others joined to create Symbian association. This let them promote using EPOC designed for mobile phones. Symbian is a follower of EPOC system. It is used in pocket PC Psion, running on the ARM processors. This operating system has had many changes since it was first created. Nokia smartphones are the major users of Symbian OS. The last Symbian phone is the Nokia 808 PureView. The Nokia 808 PureView was released in May 2012. Versions. A new version came out every year after 2005. Because of fast technology research, mobile phones and operation systems made very large improvement quickly. The most recent Symbian OS is designed for touch phones and the newest technologies.
Victoria Jackson (born August 2, 1959) is an American actress and comedian. She was a cast member on the series "Saturday Night Live" from 1986 to 1992. Early life. Jackson was born in Miami, Florida, Her mother was Marlene Esther (née Blackstad) and her father was James McCaslin Jackson, a gym coach. From the age of 5 until she was 18, Jackson's father trained her in gymnastics. After graduating from high school, Jackson went to Florida Bible College in Hollywood, Florida, later moving to Furman University in Greenville, South Carolina on a gymnastics scholarship. At Furman, she was cast in her first play. She moved to Auburn University in 1979, for her senior year, changing her major to theater. Halfway through her senior year, she left Auburn to start an acting career. In the 2000s, Jackson got a degree in theatre from Palm Beach Atlantic University. Health. Jackson was diagnosed with breast cancer in 2015. She announced in August 2024 that her breast cancer had metastasized to her windpipe and was terminal.
In physics, thermal expansion is the likelihood of matter to change in volume in response to a change in temperature. When a substance is heated, its basic particles move around more quickly and by doing so generally maintain a greater average separation. Materials that contract with an increase in temperature are very uncommon; this effect is limited in size, and only occurs within limited temperature ranges. The degree of expansion divided by the change in temperature is called the material's coefficient of thermal expansion and generally varies with temperature.  Thermometers are an example of using thermal expansion. They contain a liquid which can only move in one direction (along the tube) when volume changes along with temperature. Thermal expansion can become a problem for trains because it can cause the rails to buckle. On the rails they will have monitors so that if it does get abnormally high in temperature they can be warned and trains could be told to slow down to reduce the heat of friction. Sometimes on the inner parts of the rails they will be painted white to reflect the sun's hot rays so that it won't cause buckling.
FC Bergheim is an Austrian football club from Bergheim from the federals state Salzburg. The women's section plays in the ÖFB-Frauenliga, the highest league in women's football in Austria. The second team is playing in the Future League. History. The women's soccer club started as USK Hof in 1999. The club played in the Salzburger Frauenliga (3rd level). From 2001 till 2005 the team was member of the 2. Division Mitte (2nd level). 2006-07 the won the league but lost the relegation matches to the Bundesliga versus FC St. Veit. The next season they became also champions and won versus SV Groß-Schweinbarth and were promoted to the ÖFB-Frauenliga. For the 2020-11 season they made a syndicate with FC Bergheim. In the 2012-13 season they were relegated to the 2. Liga Mitte/West. They won the league in the following two seasons but lost the relegation matches versus ASK Erlaa and Carinthians Soccer Women. In the season 2015-16 they played for the first time as FC Bergheim. After the championship they won the relegation versus ASK Erlaa and were promoted to the Frauen-Bundesliga. Current squad.
The is a time in the history of Japan which lasted from 710 to 794. This grouping of years is named after city of Nara. History. In 710, Empress Gemmei established the capital of Japan at Heijō-kyō, which is present-day Nara. Gemmei's palace was named Nara-no-miya. Except for two brief times, the reigns of the next seven monarchs were centered in the palace which was built by Gemmei. The capital at Nara was modeled after Chang'an, the capital city of Tang China. The Nara period was marked by the introduction of Tang systems and culture.
Dialogue or dialog is a shared inquiry or the art of thinking together. Dialogue is a rhetorical, literary and theatrical format. It means a written or spoken conversational exchange between two or more people, or a literary work showing such an exchange. The historical origins of dialogue are in classical Greek and Indian literature. The Socratic method is a way of learning things by dialogue.
The pyroxenes are a group of important rock-forming inosilicate minerals found in many igneous and metamorphic rocks. They share a common structure consisting of single chains of silica crystals with the general formula XY(Si,Al)2O6 where X and  Y represents metal ions.  Although aluminium substitutes extensively for silicon in silicates such as feldspars and amphiboles, the substitution occurs only to a limited extent in most pyroxenes. Pyroxenite is an igneous rock made up of minerals from the pyroxene group.
China Central Television or Chinese Central Television, commonly abbreviated as CCTV, is the major state television broadcaster in mainland China. CCTV has a network of 50 channels. Each channel broadcasts different programs to more than one billion viewers. The CCTV programs are a mixture of documentary, comedy, entertainment, and drama. History. CCTV Peking (Beijing) Television (北京电视台) broadcast its first program on September 2, 1958. The network changed its name to CCTV on May 1, 1978.
Naco is a census-designated place in Cochise County, Arizona, United States. At the 2020 census, its population was 824. It is across the United States–Mexico border from Naco, Sonora. The Naco border entrance is open 24 hours a day.
An algal bloom is an of algae (typically microscopic) or a rapid increase in their amount in a body of water. Algal blooms may occur in fresh water as well as salt water. Algal bloom concentrations may reach millions of cells per milliliter of water. Algal blooms are often green, but they can also be other colors such as yellow-brown or red, depending on the species of algae. So-called algal blooms are often caused by Cyanobacteria such as "Aphanizomenon flosaquae", which are no longer considered to be algae. Some kinds of algal blooms, such as red tides, are poisonous. Algal blooms are often caused by eutrophication. Eutrophication occurs when abnormal amount of nutrients, especially phosphorous and nitrogen, enter a body of water. Algal blooms are a big problem to ecosystems because, like any sudden unnatural growth, it harms the other animals in that ecosystem, usually decreasing their numbers quickly. The abundance of algae in algal blooms causes layers of algae that are unable to get sunlight, and this causes the algae to die and start to decompose. The top layers of algae is able to photosynthesize and continue living. The lack of nutrients and dissolved oxygen in the water inhibits other life. Fish become unable to breathe and other aquatic vegetation cannot photosynthesize. All the organisms in the water start to die and decompose. The decomposition of the dead organisms use up most of the remaining dissolved oxygen in the water. Without a sufficient amount of nutrients and dissolved oxygen all living organisms in the water die which leads to a dead zone.
The Smoky Hill Chalk is an Upper Cretaceous conservation Lagerstätte, or fossil-rich geological formation. It is known for its exceptionally well-preserved marine reptiles from the Western Inland Sea.  The Smoky Hill Chalk outcrops in parts of northwest Kansas, its most famous localities for fossils, and in southeastern Nebraska. Large well-known fossils excavated from the Smoky Hill Chalk include marine reptiles such as plesiosaurs, large bony fish such as "Xiphactinus", mosasaurs, pterosaurs (namely "Pteranodon"), flightless marine birds such as "Hesperornis", and turtles. Many of the most well-known specimens of the marine reptiles were collected by dinosaur hunter Charles H. Sternberg and his son George. The son collected a unique fossil of the giant bony fish "Xiphactinus audax" with the skeleton of another bony fish, "Gillicus arcuatus" inside the larger one. Another excellent skeleton of "Xiphactinus audax" was collected by Edward Drinker Cope during the late nineteenth century heyday of American paleontology.
The CCTV New Year's Gala (Simplified Chinese: 中国中央电视台春节联欢晚会; Traditional Chinese: 中國中央電視台春節聯歡晚會; Pinyin: "Zhōngguó zhōngyāng diànshìtái chūnjié liánhuān wǎnhuì") is a Chinese New Year special produced by China Central Television. It was presented by Zhao Zhongxiang. History. Since 1983, the variety program has been broadcast on the eve of Chinese New Year. The show features various acts, including Across the span of years, viewers have had mixed reactions. According to the "New York Times," "complaining about the show - with its blend of comedy, singing, dancing and propaganda - is as much a tradition as watching it." Guest appearances. Performers who are famous in China are featured:
Army men, or plastic soldiers, are simple toy soldiers molded from green or other colored plastic. Unlike the toy soldiers, which cost more, army men are sold at low prices in discount stores, supermarkets, and dollar stores. Also, unlike many toy soldiers, army men are sold unpainted and almost always dressed in modern military uniforms and armed with 20th Century weapons. Description. Army men are sold in plastic bags or buckets and often include colors such as green, tan, or gray to represent different sides. They have a lot of different kinds of weapons, from World War II to the current era. These include rifles, machine guns, submachine guns, sniper rifles, pistols, grenades, flamethrowers, and bazookas. They may also have radio men, minesweepers, and men armed with bayonets. Army men are sometimes packaged with additional accessories including tanks, jeeps, half tracks, artillery, helicopters, jets, and buildings. Their vehicles are usually manufactured in the same size to save money. History and varieties. The first American plastic toy soldiers were made by Bergen Toy &amp; Novelty Co. (Beton for short) in 1938.
Samuel Finley Breese Morse (April 27, 1791 – April 2, 1872) was an American inventor. He was the first person to make a telegraph with only one wire, and also helped come up with the idea of Morse code. Since the 1700s, there were different types of telegraphs being made, but they were hard to use because they had several wires. (The first telegraph ever built had 26 wires, which made it almost impossible to use.) Morse spent years trying to build one with only one wire, and managed to do it in 1836. Morse and his assistant made a code with "dots and "dashes", which were two different types of "clicks" on the telegraph. Morse's invention made it possible to quickly communicate with people far away, and many telegraph lines were built. A telegraph line using his invention was built between Washington, D.C. and Baltimore in 1844. By the 1860s, there were telegraph lines all around North America, and in 1866, a telegraph line was built across the Atlantic Ocean. Life. Samuel F. B. Morse was born in Charlestown, Massachusetts Morse was a painter before he was an inventor. He was a professor of art at New York University. He wanted to do some paintings that were going to be done at the United States Capitol, but was not chosen to do them. He was so disappointed that he gave up painting. Morse was a devout Christian. The first message he sent on his 1844 telegraph line was "What hath God wrought?", which comes from the Book of Numbers in the Bible. He died in New York City on April 2, 1872.
is a prefecture in the Shikoku region of Japan on the island of Shikoku. The capital city is Matsuyama. History. Until the Meiji Restoration, Ehime prefecture was known as Iyo Province. The name Ehime comes from the "Kojiki". It means "beautiful maiden." After the Battle of Sekigahara, the Tokugawa shogun gave the area to his allies. Kato Yoshiaki built Matsuyama Castle which became the center of the modern city of Matsuyama. Drought is common in Ehime history. Geography. Ehime faces the Seto Inland Sea in the southwestern part of Shikoku. The prefecture is bordered by Kagawa Prefecture and Tokushima Prefecture in the east. Kōchi is to the south. The prefecture has a long coastline and it includes many islands. The Yanase Dam was built in 1953. National Parks. National Parks are established in about 7% of the total land area of the prefecture. Shrines and Temples. "Ōyamazumi jinja" is the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") in the prefecture.
is a prefecture in the Shikoku region of Japan on the island of Shikoku. The capital city is the city of Tokushima. History. Until the Meiji Restoration, Tokushima prefecture was known as Awa Province. Geography. Tokushima is in the northeastern part of Shikoku. The prefecture faces the Seto Inland Sea and the Pacific Ocean. Kagawa Prefecture is to the northeast. Ehime Prefecture is to the west. Kōchi Prefecture is to the southeast. Tokushima and Kagawa have disagreed about sharing water for a since the 1850s. The Yanase Dam was built in 1953. Towns and villages. Towns and villages in each district: National Parks. National Parks are established in about 9% of the total land area of the prefecture. Shrines and Temples. "Ōasahiko jinja" is the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") in the prefecture.