ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Jennifer Shrader Lawrence (born August 15, 1990) is an American actress. She appeared in "Time"'s list of most influential people in the world in 2013, and has won an Academy Award, a BAFTA Award, three Golden Globe Awards and two Screen Actors Guild Awards, among other accolades. Lawrence first became known for appearing on "The Bill Engvall Show" (2007–2009), and had her breakthrough with "Winter's Bone" (2010). She went on to starring roles in the "X-Men" film series (2011–2019) and "The Hunger Games" film series (2012–2015), and is the highest-grossing action heroine. She won the Academy Award and Golden Globe Award for Best Actress for her work in "Silver Linings Playbook" (2012), and earned an additional two Golden Globe Awards for starring in "American Hustle" (2013) and "Joy" (2015). She subsequently played roles in "Passengers" (2016), "mother!" (2017) and "Red Sparrow" (2018). Career. In 2010, Lawrence played Ree Dolly in "Winter's Bone". In 2012, she played Katniss Everdeen in "The Hunger Games" franchise. In 2013, she won an Oscar for Best Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role. That year, she also won a Golden Globe for Best Performance by an Actress in a Motion Picture - Musical or Comedy. Personal life. Lawrence is of English, Scottish, Irish and German descent. As of August 2013, Lawrence was dating ' and ' co-star Nicholas Hoult. The couple started dating in 2011 after filming "X-Men: First Class", but ended their relationship in January 2013, after 2 years of dating. They reconnected 6 months later in July 2013, after filming "X-Men: Days of Future Past" together. Awards and nominations. Lawrence has been the recipient of an Academy Award, two Golden Globe Awards, two Screen Actors Guild Award, four Critic's Choice Movie Awards, a Independent Spirit Award, a Venice Film Festival Award, a Palm Springs International Film Festival Award, a Saturn Award, a Satellite Award and several other awards. She was named the Associated Press' Entertainer of the Year for 2013. Other websites.  https://bollywoodlifee.com/jennifer-lawrence-biography/
The Buddhas of Bamiyan ( – "but hay-e bamiyan") were two 6th century monumental statues of standing Buddhas carved into the side of a cliff. They are in the Bamyan valley in the Hazarajat region of central Afghanistan. They were dynamited and destroyed in March 2001 by the Taliban. Japan and Switzerland, among others, have said they would help rebuild the statues.
The history of Azerbaijan goes back centuries before the USSR was formed. The population of Azerbaijan is a native to the Caucasus area, which are of turk descent. Middle Ages and the coming of Islam. In the 7th century, Islam was introduced with the Arab conquest, which was important in the formation of a single nation and language in Azerbaijan, when the population became Muslim. A common religion for both Turkic and non-Turkic ethnic groups brought about the formation of common traditions, and the integration between the different ethnic groups living on the territory of Azerbaijan. By the middle of the 9th century, the Turkic ethnic group, the Azerbaijani people became the major ethnic group. Russian and Soviet rule. Azerbaijan came under Russian rule after the Persian-Russian wars of 1804-1813. The country gained independence for a short period, however, towards the end of the First World War. After the collapse of the Russian Empire in 1917, Azerbaijan, together with Armenia and Georgia formed the short-lived Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic. When this republic ended in May 1918, Azerbaijan declared independence as the Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan on May 28, 1918, as the first modern and secular parliamentary republic in the Muslim World. However, the Red Army occupied the territory and annexed it to the newly formed Soviet Union and the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic was founded on April 28, 1920.  During the Second World War and after, the Azerbaijan SSR, as a petroleum producer, was important in the energy policy of the Soviet Union. Following the politics of reforms called "glasnost", started by the leader of the Soviet Union Mikhail Gorbachev, riots and ethnic fighting grew in various regions of the Soviet Union, including Nagorno-Karabakh, a region of the Azerbaijan SSR. The disturbances in Azerbaijan, in response to the Soviet government's lack of response to the already tense conflict between the Azerbaijanis and Armenians, resulted in calls for independence and secession, which resulted in the massacre known as "Black January" in the capital Baku in January 1990. Azerbaijan eventually declared independence on October 18, 1991. The Soviet
Sīstān () is a border region in eastern Iran (Sistan and Baluchestan Province) and southern Afghanistan (Nimroz, Kandahar and Zabul provinces). Sistan was once the homeland of Sakas, a Scythian tribe of Iranic origin. The Saffarids, one of the early Iranian dynasties of the Islamic era, were first from Sistan.
The Saffarids or the Saffarid dynasty () was a Eastern Iranian Pashtun Sunni Islamic empire They ruled in Sistan from 861–1002. Sistan was a historical region in southeastern Iran, southwestern Afghanistan and northwestern Pakistan. Their capital was Zaranj, located in present-day Afghanistan.
Bukhara (; ; ) is the capital of the Bukhara Province of Uzbekistan. It is the nation's fifth-largest city. It had about 263,400 people at the 2009 census. People have lived in the area for at least five millennia, and the city has existed for half that time. The city is on the Silk Road. That made it a center of trade, scholarship, culture, and religion. The historic center of Bukhara, which has many mosques and madrassas, is listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. There are many Uzbeks and Tajiks. The city has Jews and other ethnic minorities. Names. Bukhara was called "Bokhara" in 19th and early 20th century English publications and as "Buhe/Puhe" () in Tang Chinese. Transportation. The M37 highway connects the city to most of the major cities in Turkmenistan including Ashgabat. Notable people. Many important people lived in Bukhara in the past. Most famous of them are:
Lashkar Gah () (), also called Bost, is a city in southern Afghanistan and the capital of Helmand Province. It is located in Lashkar Gah district, and is between the Helmand and Arghandab rivers. The city has a population of 201,546 as of 2006. Lashkar Gah is linked by major roads with Kandahar to the east, Zaranj to the west, and Herat to the north-west. Sports. Football is the popular sport in Lashkar Gah. The Lashkar Gah Football Stadium was rebuilt in 2006. It can hold around 10,000 spectators. Currently, 13 registered cricket teams play at the new Karzai Stadium in Lashkar Gah.
"Abū al-Rayḥān Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Bīrūnī (born 5 September 973 in Kath, Khwarezm, died in the year 13 December 1048 in Ghazni), known as Alberonius in Latin and Al-Biruni"' in English, was a Persian-Chorasmian Muslim scholar and polymath of the 11th century. Al-Biruni was one of the greatest scholars of the medieval Islamic era and was well versed in physics, mathematics, astronomy, and natural sciences. He did a lot of work as a historian, chronologist and linguist.
The Timurid dynasty () or the Timurids, who called themselves "Gurkānī" (), were a Central Asian Sunni Muslim dynasty of Turco-Mongol lineage. The dynasty was heavily Persianized and the Persian language was used as the main and official language because members of the dynasty were strongly being part of the culture of Iran. The Timurids established two well-known empires, the Timurid Empire in Iran and the Mughal Empire in the Indian subcontinent. The Mughal dynasty was a branch of the Timurid dynasty.
The Hotaki dynasty was a dynasty founded by Pashtun Ghiji tribe. In 1709 by Mirwais Hotak at Kandahar, Afghanistan. They revolted and made their land independent from foreign ruler, but later they invaded Persia and defeated the great Iranian Empire of the Shi'a Safavids. Mahmud Hotak, son of Mirwais, ruled Persia until he died in 1725 and then his cousin Ashraf ruled until 1729 when Nader Shah Afshar defeated him. The last king was Hussain Hotaki in Kandahar until he was defeated by Nader Shah in 1738. References. Notes
"Himni i Flamurit" (, meaning "Hymn to the Flag") is the national anthem of Albania. The words of the song were written by Alex Drenova, and the music of the song is derived from another song that was supposed to be the Romanian national anthem. History. The Albanian national anthem was first published as a poem in an Albanian newspaper in Sofia, Bulgaria, on 21 April 1912. It was later printed in a volume of poems by Drenova, which was published in Bucharest, Romania. The music of the anthem was composed by the Romanian composer Ciprian Porumbescu, as he wanted to compose an anthem for socialist Romania, but was rejected.
The country calling code for Albania is +355 For domestic calls (within Albania), 0 must be dialed before the area code. The prefix for international calls from Albania is 00 (for example for an United States number 00 1 ... should be dialed). Below is an explanation when dialing a Tirana number: History. Albania has the lowest rate of telephone use in Europe. In 2008 there were about 10 lines per 100 people. Cellular phone use is very common throughout the country.  Numbering plan by Municipality (effective 15 September 2008). This is a list of area codes in Albania.
Zayyanids (, "Ziyānyūn") or Abd al-Wadids (), or Banu Zayan, is the name of an Islamic Berber Zenata dynasty in North Africa. The Zayyanids, whose capital was Tlemcen (in modern-day Algeria) existed from 1235 to 1556. They were also known as Abdelwadid.
Amsterdam Airport Schiphol () is the Netherlands' main international airport, It is 20 minutes southwest of Amsterdam. The airport's English name is Amsterdam Airport Schiphol. The airport had an IATA name of SPL, but is now AMS. The airport is the main airport for KLM, Arkefly, Corendon Dutch Airlines, Martinair and Transavia. The airport is also the main European airport for Delta Air Lines. It is the 4th busiest airport in Europe and the 12th busiest in the world. Railway station. Trains run by Nederlandse Spoorwegen connect Amsterdam Schipol railway station to places around the Netherlands.
Flybe Group PLC (Known as flybe) was a low-cost regional airline group in Exeter, Devon, England. It had over 180 routes to 65 European airports and was Europe's biggest regional airline. Over 6.7 million passengers travelled with them during 2010. The airline was on the London Stock Exchange (), and payed around 2,800 people. In February 2019, Flybe airline was sold to the Connect Airways consortium, backed by Virgin Atlantic and Stobart Aviation. They planned to rebrand Flybe as Virgin Connect while keeping its certifications. On 5 March 2020, Flybe filed for administration and ceased operations due to financial struggles worsened by the COVID-19 pandemic. In October 2020, the Flybe brand was purchased by Thyme Opco, linked to former shareholder Cyrus Capital. They aimed to relaunch the airline in 2021, pending regulatory approvals. The new company was named Flybe Limited and started operating in April 2022. However, the relaunched airline stopped trading on 28 January 2023.
Aurigny Air Services Limited, known as aurigny.com is an airline with its head office at Guernsey Airport in the Channel Islands, and is owned by the States of Guernsey. It operates passenger and freight services between the Channel Islands, northern France and the United Kingdom. Its main base is Guernsey Airport, with other aircraft and crew based at Jersey Airport and Alderney Airport. Aurigny is one of the longest operating regional airlines in the world, and is one of the oldest airlines in Britain except for Loganair and Monarch Airlines. The name means Alderney. Destinations. Current destinations. Aurigny Air Services runs to the following destinations (at February 2010): Former destinations. The airline used to run to the following destinations:
British Midland Airways Limited, known as BMI, was an airline based at Donington Hall in Castle Donington in the United Kingdom, close to East Midlands Airport. The airline flew to places in Europe, the Middle East, Africa and Central Asia from its base at London Heathrow Airport, where it held 11% of all take off and landing slots and ran over 2,000 flights a week.  BMI was owned by Lufthansa, who announced an agreement in December 2011 to sell the airline to the owner of British Airways, International Airlines Group. The deal did not include Bmibaby and BMI Regional.. BMI Regional was sold to Sector Aviation Holdings for £8 million in May 2012. In April 2012, it was announced that bmi (excluding bmibaby) was to be fully merged into British Airways by the end of October 2012. British Midland Airways Limited had a Civil Aviation Authority Type A Operating Licence, which allowed it to carry passengers, cargo and mail on aircraft with 20 or more seats, and was a 3-star airline by Skytrax.
Bmibaby Limited known as bmibaby.com was a British low-cost airline. It flew to places in the UK and Europe from its bases at Belfast City, Birmingham and East Midlands airports. It was owned by British Midland International, which itself is owned was Lufthansa. In April 2012, BMI was bought by the International Airlines Group and the airline, along with bmibaby, stopped flying.  Bmibaby had a United Kingdom Civil Aviation Authority Type A Operating Licence. It was allowed to carry passengers, cargo and mail on aircraft with 20 or more seats.
George Best Belfast City Airport is a single-runway airport in Belfast, County Antrim, Northern Ireland next to the Port of Belfast it is from Belfast City Centre. It shares the site with the Short Brothers/Bombardier aircraft making area. The airport began commercial operations in 1983. The airport was known as "Belfast City Airport" until it was renamed in 2006 in memory of George Best, the professional footballer from Belfast, best known for his time with Manchester United. The airport gets over 2.7 million passengers in 2010, a record total for the airport, though the total fell by 12.5% to 2.4 million in 2011. The airport is a major base for Flybe, which began services at the airport in 1993 and is now the largest operator at Belfast City. Belfast City has a CAA public use aerodrome licence (number P862) that allows flights for the public transport of passengers or for flying instruction.
Ghazi Amanullah Khan (Pashto, Persian, Urdu, Arabic: ) (1 June 1892 – 25 April 1960) was the Sovereign of Afghanistan from 1919 to 1929. He was first an Emir and after 1926 the King. He led Afghanistan to freedom from the United Kingdom. He was the first Afghan ruler to make the country more modern. Habibullah Kalakani and his followers fought against Khan. On 14 January 1929, Amanullah went to then neighboring British India. Afghanistan fell into a civil war (1928–1929). From British India he went to Europe where he died in Zürich, Switzerland, in 1960.
The Erythraean Sea was the old name for all Indian ocean in 15-17 century it was a name only for north part of the Indian ocean and Arabian Sea. it was used throughout Europe until the 18-19th century.  Name. The Greeks themselves derived the name from an eponymous persian King Erythras, knowing that the waters so described were deep blue. Modern scholars sometimes attribute the name to the seasonal blooms of the red-hued "Trichodesmium erythraeum" in the Red Sea. Documents on the Persian Gulf's name describes a story from the Agatharchides, author of On the Erythraean Sea page 113 saying the Erythrae was son of Myozai a Persian lord which forced to go to an island because of the attack by the lions to his cattle ,then he invited other people to settle in this island, most probably today Qeshm Island or Hormuz Island then it became lucky island and the name of the Erythraean Sea is related to him. Use. The name "Erythraean Sea" has been or is still used for the following places:
Bādghīs (Persian/Pashto: بادغیس) is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan. It is in northwestern Afghanistan, between the Murghab and Hari rivers. It goes as far northward as the edge of the desert of Sarakhs.  History. The province was one of the last captured by the Taliban in their military offensive before the American invasion in 2001. TheTajik people of the province never welcomed the Pashtun Taliban. The province was quickly retaken by Northern Alliance forces. Geography. Badghis Province is in the isolated hills of northwestern Afghanistan. Its borders are Herat, Ghor, and Faryab provinces as well as Turkmenistan.  Politics. The current Governor of the province is Delbar Jan Arman. Economy. Agriculture is the main source of people's income. The Murghab and Hari rivers makes the land suitable for farming. The province had a bad drought in the late 1990s and early 2000s. This has gotten better. Badghis is the biggest in pistachio production in Afghanistan. It is also one of the carpet-making capitals of the country. Transportation. Badghis Province has little transportation. Qala i Naw Airport (QAQN) is the only airport.
Qala i Naw (قلعه نو) is a town in Qala i Naw District and the capital of Badghis Province, of north-west Afghanistan. Its population is estimated 9,000 in 2006.  It has a small airport, Qala i Naw Airport.
The was a major road in ancient Japan. It was one of five main roads during the Edo period. The route connected Edo (modern-day Tokyo) and Kyoto along the sea coast of eastern Honshū. Traveling the Tōkaidō. There were fifty-three shogunate-maintained waystations ("shuku-eki") along the road which connected Edo and Kyoto. The typical method of travel was by foot.
The is a Japanese term for both an ancient division of the country and the main road running through the region.  History. "Tōkaidō" was one of the main circuits of the "Gokishichidō" system. It was first established during the Asuka period. Over centuries, the government functions of the "Gokishichido" became less important. However, the traditional eight regions, including "Tōkaidō", remained cultural markers. The ancient Tōkaidō road was improved and widened in 1604. It is a geographic region which has 15 ancient provinces, including  The lands of five prefectures are in the region of "Tōkaidō": Chiba, Ibaraki, Kanagawa, Saitama and Tokyo. Today, Route 1 is a major national highway that mirrors the route of the old Tōkaidō except in the Tōkyō-Yokohama section. Route 15 follows the route of the old Tōkaidō between Tōkyō and Yokohama
Baghlan (Persian/Pashto: بغلان "Baġlān") is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan. It is in the north of the country. Its capital is Puli Khumri. The name comes from a major town in the province, Baghlan. Demographics. Hazaras, Pashtuns, Tajiks and Uzbeks are living in this Province. Economy. Agriculture. Baghlan's primary crops (as of 1974) were cotton and sugar beets. The area also produced grapes, pistachios, and pommegranates. The primary livestock are Karakul sheep. Other products. The province also produces silk. Coal is mined in the Karkar Valley. Districts. The districts of Baghlan are: Politics. Governors. The current Governor of Baghlan is Mohammad Akbar Barakzai, appointed 2009.
Puli Khumri (or Pul-i-Kumri) () is a city in northern Afghanistan. It is the capital of Baghlan Province. Puli Khumri has an estimated population of about 221,274 as of 2015, making it about the 9th-largest city of Afghanistan, and the second-largest city in northeastern Afghanistan after Kunduz. It is a major industrial city. Geography. Puli Khumri, located about south of Kunduz, southeast of Mazar-i-Sharif, and north of Kabul, is a trading and transit hub in the region.
Antonietta Di Martino (born 1 June 1978) is an Italian high jumper. She was born in Cava de' Tirreni. Piuza won the silver medal at the 2007 IAAF World Championships in Athletics and 2012 IAAF World Indoor Championships. She competed in the 2008 Summer Olympics.
Bamyan Province () is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan. It is in the centre of the country. Its capital city is also called Bamyan. Most of the people are Hazaras, with fewer Tajiks, and Pashtuns. Bamyan is the largest province in the Hazarajat region of Afghanistan. It has 522,205 living in the Province which were destroyed under Taliban rule, in 2001. In the past, the province was strategically important because of the Silk Road which passes through it. The Silk Road linked Asian countries such as India and China, with Persia, the Mediterranean and Europe. Buddhism used to be common, and there were many Buddha statues, and monasteries.  Politics. Governors. The former governor of the province is Habiba Sarabi. She is Afghanistan's first and, so far, only female governor. Economy. Agriculture. Bamiyan is famous for its potatoes. Education. Bamyan Province has the only university, Bamiyan University in the area.
is the name of a Japanese artificial satellite which was put into orbit.  The launch was a project of the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science of the University of Tokyo. "Hakucho" was sent into orbit on February 21, 1979. It reentered the atmosphere and melted on April 15, 1985.  This was Japan's first x-ray astronomy satellite.
Pashto and Dari are the official languages of Afghanistan, but other important regional languages include Uzbeki, Turkmeni, Baluchi, Pashai, Nuristani, Pamiri (alsana), Arab and possibly a few others.
Bamyan (), also spelled Bamiyan and Bamian, is the capital city of Bamyan Province, Afghanistan. It has about 61,863 people. It is the largest town in the Hazarajat region in central Afghanistan. It is 240 kilometres north-west of Kabul, the national capital. Education. Bamyan has the region's only university, Bamiyan University.
Daykundi (; also spelled "Daikondi", "Dāykondī", "Daikundi" or "Daykundi") is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan. Day Kundi's capital is Nili. It is about 310 kilometres from Kabul. It is in the Hazarajat region. Economy. Daykundi province grows almonds. Governance. On 15 April 2011, Mr. Qurban Ali Oruzgani became Governor of Daikundi province.
Nili () is the capital city of Daykundi Province, Afghanistan. It is in Nili District. The town is at altitude.
is the name of a Japanese artificial satellite which was put into orbit.  The launch was a project of the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science of the University of Tokyo. "Tenma" was sent into orbit on February 20, 1983.  This was Japan's second x-ray astronomy satellite. References.
Farah (Pashto/Persian: فراه) is a city in western Afghanistan. It is the capital of Farah Province. There are about 109,409 people living here. It is at 650 m altitude. It is on the Farah River. Economy and transportation. The city is a major trading and farming center in the area. There is an airport with a paved runway.
Fāryāb () is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan. It is in the north of the country. The capital is Maymana. Most of the people are Uzbek. Politics. The governor of the province is Abdul Haq Shafaq.
Alain Lefebvre (born 1 April 1947) is a French journalist. Graduate from the "École nationale de l'aviation civile" (French civil aviation university), he founded the ephemeral "Magazine hebdo" while managing the "groupe Media" and "L'Histoire magazine". Lefebvre is also interested in advertising in collaboration with journalist Christian Blachas, also host of the show "Culture-Pub".
is the name of the a Japanese space probe which was sent on an interplanetary mission. The launch was a project of the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science of the University of Tokyo. The satellite was launched on January 7, 1985.
Ghōr (, (), also spelled Ghowr or Ghur, is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan. It is in central Afghanistan, towards the northwest. The capital of Ghor is Chaghcharan. About 635,302 people live in Ghor Province. Politics. Governors. The current governor of Ghor is Sayyed Mohammad Eqbal Munib.
Chaghcharan () also known as Firouzkoh () is a town and the capital of Ghor Province in central Afghanistan. It is located on the southern side of the Hari River. There are about 15,000 people, mostly Persian speaking. Chaghcharan Airport is about 1 mile to the northeast of the town.