ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
John Herman Cox (born July 15, 1955 in Chicago, Illinois) is an American accountant, businessman, broadcaster, attorney, and politician. He ran for governor of California as a Republican in the 2018 election, but lost to Gavin Newsom in the general election. He unsuccessfully ran for governor in the 2021 recall election. Beliefs. Cox voted for Gary Johnson in the 2016 presidential election. He later said that he made a "mistake" in voting for Johnson. He was endorsed by Donald Trump in May 2018. Cox is pro-life, meaning that he is against abortion. He said, ”abortion is murder--plain and simple--and that should be regulated by state law.” He is against the death penalty. He supports medical cannabis. He has suggested that Marijuana users should be hospitalized instead of sent to prison. Cox is strongly against the "gas tax." The gas tax was passed in April 2017, and increased the cost of gas and diesel in California.
The Commissioner of Internal Revenue (or IRS Commissioner) is the head of the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), an agency within the United States Department of the Treasury. The office of Commissioner was created by Congress by the Revenue Act of 1862. Their job is to administer and supervise the execution and application of the internal revenue laws. The Commissioner is appointed by the President, with the consent of the Senate, for a five-year term. List of commissioners. The following lists Commissioners of Internal Revenue, in chronological order:
David Kautter is an American lawyer and tax policy advisor. He was the Assistant Secretary of the United States Treasury for Tax Policy from 2017 to 2021. He was a partner at accounting firm RSM International.  Kautter was a partner at Ernst &amp; Young and served as tax legislative counsel for former U.S. Senator John Danforth.  On October 26, 2017, President Donald Trump announced the designation of Kautter to be the acting commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service effective November 13, 2017.
Charles Paul Rettig (born November 18, 1956) is an American politician and lawyer. He was the United States Commissioner of Internal Revenue from 2018 to 2022. He was a partner at the Beverly Hills tax law firm of Hochman, Salkin, Rettig, Toscher &amp; Perez, P.C., "known in the industry as a controversy firm" according to the Los Angeles Times.
Sheldon S. Cohen (June 28, 1927 – September 4, 2018) was an American attorney. He was the Commissioner of Internal Revenue from 1965 to 1969 during the Lyndon B. Johnson administration. He was born in Washington, D.C.. Cohen died of heart failure on September 4, 2018, in Chevy Chase, Maryland at age 91.
Ma Yun (, ; born 10 September 1964), known professionally as Jack Ma, he is a Chinese business magnate, investor, and philanthropist. He is the co-founder and an executive chairman of Alibaba Group. As of April 2021, with a net worth of $51.5 billion, Jack Ma is the third-richest person in all of China. In 2018, Jack Ma said he was first inspired by the dreams of Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad. He explained that Mahathir's vision to make Malaysia's capital a high-tech business center motivated him to start a digital business to change China's technology industry. In 10 September 2018, Jack Ma retired from Alibaba and focused on educational charity work.
Irving Petlin (December 17, 1934 – September 1, 2018) was an American artist and painter. He was born in Chicago, Illinois. Petlin was known for his mastery of the pastel medium and collaborations with other artists. He was a member of the Chicago Imagists. Petlin died of liver cancer in Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts on September 1, 2018 at the age of 83.
Lori Elaine Lightfoot (born August 4, 1962) is an American lawyer and politician. Lightfoot was the 56th Mayor of Chicago from 2019 to 2023. On April 2, 2019, Lightfoot was elected mayor. She is the first African-American woman and first LGBT individual elected to the position of Mayor of Chicago. She lost her re-election campaign in 2023, becoming the first Chicago mayor to lose re-election in 40 years. Early life. Lightfoot was born in Massillon, Ohio. She studied at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor and University of Chicago. Lightfoot took jobs working for Congress members Ralph Regula and Barbara Mikulski. Legal career. Lightfoot had several different jobs working for the government in Chicago. She used to be Chief of Staff and General Counsel of the Chicago Office of Emergency Management and Communications (OEMC). She also used to be First Deputy of the Chicago Department of Procurement Services. Lightfoot was President of the Chicago Police Board and Chair of the Chicago Police Accountability Task Force. A lawyer, she worked for the Senior Equity Partner in the Litigation &amp; Conflict Resolution Group at Mayer Brown LLP. Mayor of Chicago. Campaign. On May 10, 2018, Lori Lightfoot announced her candidacy for Mayor of Chicago in the 2019 Mayoral Election. Lightfoot is the first openly-lesbian candidate in the history of Chicago. She, along with Toni Preckwinkle, advanced to the runoff election on April 2. Some activists were against her becoming mayor because she worked with the police. On April 2, 2019, Lori Lightfoot won the election, becoming the first African-American woman and openly lesbian individual to be mayor of Chicago. She got 77% of the vote while Preckwinkle got 23%. Tenure. Lightfoot took office on May 20, 2019. A few days later, Lightfoot picked Tom Tunney as Vice Mayor. People continued to protest against her, especially when the Black Lives Matter movement became even bigger after George Floyd was killed. She had also ordered a stay-at-home order and closed many restaurants and people
Clasina Isings (15 February 1919 – 3 September 2018) was a Dutch professor of classical archeology. From 1961 to 1995, she managed the collection of the Provincial Utrecht Society of Arts and Sciences (PUG). She was born in Soest, Netherlands. She also worked at University of Utrecht. Isings died in Bilthoven, Netherlands on 3 September 2018 at the age of 99.
The Fenn Treasure is a treasure worth over a million dollars that was supposedly hidden by art dealer and author Forrest Fenn (August 22, 1930 – September 7, 2020) in the Rocky Mountains.  Fenn said he was going to go back and get it when the value given by newspapers is inflated to 10 million dollars. When asked why he created the treasure hunt, Fenn said he "just wanted to give people some hope."  Many people have claimed to have found the treasure, but no one has provided any evidence to him supporting their claim. As of July 2017, Fenn has stated "The treasure remains where I hid it about 7 years ago". Many searchers have been within 200 feet (60 m) of the treasure and many within 500 feet (150 m).  Four people are known to have died while searching for the treasure. New Mexico police have tried to pressure Fenn into ending the hunt. The treasure was found by an unknown person in June 2020. Fenn was born in Temple, Texas. He died on September 7, 2020 in Santa Fe, New Mexico at the age of 90.
Yang Side (; 11 December 1921 – 7 September 2018) was a Chinese major general of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. He was Minister of the Taiwan Affairs Office of the CPC Central Committee. Yang was Vice Minister of the Liaison Department of the General Political Department, Minister of the Central Taiwan Affairs Office, member of the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, executive deputy director of the Macau, Taiwan and Hong Kong Liaison Committee, among other positions. Yang died in Beijing on 7 September 2018 at the age of 96.
William Hollis Long II (born August 11, 1955) is an American auctioneer and politician. He was the U.S. Representative for Missouri's 7th congressional district from 2011 to 2023. He is a Republican. In August 2021, Long announced his candidacy for the United States Senate in the 2022 election. He lost the Republican nomination to Eric S. Schmitt in the August primaries. In December 2024, President-elect Donald Trump nominated Long to serve as the Commissioner of Internal Revenue under his second administration. Early life. Long was born in Springfield, Missouri. He went to University of Missouri in Columbia, Missouri however he dropped out. After taking time off from school for three years, Long went to a nine-day training program at the Missouri Auction School in Kansas City. In 1984, he married Barbara Long. They have two children. Long owned Billy Long Auctions, LLC. He was also a talk radio show host on the Springfield-based station KWTO. He is a member of the National Association of Realtors. Political career. Long joined the race for the 7th congressional district after incumbent U.S. representative Roy Blunt chose to run for the U.S. Senate. In the crowded seven-way Republican primary, the "de facto" election in the state's most Republican district, Long won with 36% of the vote. After Joe Biden won the 2020 presidential election and Donald Trump refused to say that he lost, Long support Trump’s claims of fraud in the election. In December 2020, Long supported an amicus brief in support of "Texas v. Pennsylvania", a lawsuit filed at the United States Supreme Court trying to overturn the results of the election. In August 2021, Long announced his candidacy for the United States Senate in the 2022 election. He lost the Republican nomination to Eric S. Schmitt in the August primaries. He left congress in 2023. On December 4, 2024, President-elect Donald Trump nominated Long to be the Commissioner of Internal Revenue under his second administration.
Halloween is a 2018 American slasher horror movie directed by David Gordon Green and written by Green, Jeff Fradley, and Danny McBride. It is the eleventh installment in the "Halloween" franchise. It is a direct sequel to the 1978 movie of the same name. Jamie Lee Curtis and Nick Castle star as their roles as Laurie Strode and Michael Myers, respectively. The movie also stars Judy Greer, Andi Matichak, Will Patton, Haluk Bilginer, Toby Huss and Virginia Gardner. It was released on October 19, 2018, a week before the 40th anniversary of John Carpenter's original "Halloween". The movie received strong positive reviews from critics and fans. A sequel, "Halloween Kills", was released on October 15, 2021.
Disclosure are an English electronic music duo. The duo are brothers Howard (born 11 May 1994) and Guy Lawrence (born 25 May 1991). They grew up in Reigate, Surrey. Their first album, "Settle", released on 3 June 2013, by PMR Records, was nominated for Best Dance/Electronica Album at the 2014 Grammy Awards. Their second album, "Caracal" (2015) was also nominated for Best Dance/Electronica Album at the 2016 Grammy Awards. The group had their first UK hit in October 2012 with "Latch". This recording was a collaboration with other musicians, co-written with Jimmy Napes and featuring the vocals from Sam Smith. It reached number 11 in the UK Singles Chart. In 2013 they were voted into the BBC Radio 1xtra 'Hot Ten For 2013' and had two consecutive top 10 hit singles in "White Noise" (number two) (with AlunaGeorge) and "You &amp; Me" (number 10) (with Eliza Doolittle).
Benjamin Richard Civiletti (born July 17, 1935) is an American politician. He was the United States Attorney General during the last year and a half of the Carter administration, from 1979 to 1981. He was the first Italian American to serve as Attorney General. Since 2001, Civiletti is one of the three members of the Independent Review Board, a board that the International Brotherhood of Teamsters union must answer to when allegations of corruption or organized crime.
Oganesson is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Og and atomic number 118. Oganesson has the highest atomic number and highest atomic mass of all known elements. The radioactive oganesson atom is very unstable, and since 2005, only five (possibly six) atoms of the isotope Oganesson-294 have been created. History. The element is named in honor of Yuri Oganessian. It was first created in 2002 at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) in Dubna, Russia by a joint team of Russian and American scientists. In December 2015, it was recognized as one of four new elements by the Joint Working Party of the international scientific people at IUPAC and IUPAP. It was formally named on 28 November 2016. It had a previous name given by the IUPAC called "Ununoctium" meaning "one-one-eight" in Latin. This was a placeholder name until the element was discovered and a name was given. The possibility of a seventh noble gas, after helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon, was considered almost as soon as the noble gas group was discovered. Danish chemist Hans Peter Jørgen Julius Thomsen predicted in April 1895, the year after the discovery of argon, that there was a whole group of chemically unreactive gases similar to argon that would link the halogen and alkali metal groups. He expected that the seventh of this series would end a 32-element period which contained elements like thorium and uranium and have an atomic weight of 292, close to the 294 now known for the first and only confirmed isotope of oganesson. Chemistry. The chemistry of Oganesson cannot be found because of how radioactive it is and how short its half-life is, which is only 0.69 milliseconds. However, predictions can be made based on properties the group has in common with each other. Since it's a noble gas, it is predicted that it will be a diatomic molecule (it only pairs with itself). Uses. It currently has no uses due to how radioactive and how short its half-life is.
Eunice aphroditois, also known as the bobbit worm (or bobbitt worm) or sand striker, is an ambush predator of the sea floor. It is a polychaete worm dwelling in a burrow on the ocean floor. It buries its long body into the ocean bed of gravel, mud, or corals. It waves a few feelers (antennae) as a kind of lure. When it feels a stimulus to one of its feelers, it attacks if it senses prey. Armed with sharp pincers, it attacks with such speed and ferocity that its prey is sometimes sliced in half. Usually, it drags the prey down into its burrow, and eats it there. The procedure is well captured on YouTube, where the worm goes by the name of bobbit worm.
Princess Zenani Mandela-Dlamini (born 4 February 1959) is a South African diplomat. She is the elder daughter of Nelson Mandela and his second wife, Winnie Mandela. Biography. She was born in 1959. When she was four her father was sent to prison. She was not able to visit him until she was 16 years old. Mandela-Dlamini studied at Waterford Kamhlaba United World College of Southern Africa and science at Boston University. At Boston she met Prince Thumbumuzi Dlamini, elder brother of the King of Swaziland, Mswati III and of Queen Mantfombi of the Zulus). They married in 1973 and had four children – Zaziwe (born 1977), Zamaswazi (1979), Zinhle (1980) and Zozuko (1992) – but are currently separated. They are co-owners of Mandela, Dlamini and Associates (International Business Consultants). She was appointed ambassador for South Africa to Argentina in July 2012. She was the first of Mandela's children to enter public service. She served in this position until 2017, when she was appointed South African high commissioner to Mauritius. After Mandela was elected president and his divorce to Winnie, Zenani accompanied her father to his inauguration. She become the stand-in First Lady of South Africa until her father remarried.
Van Wert is a city in Decatur County, Iowa, United States. The population was 178 at the 2020 census. It is at (40.870070, -93.793457).
Waverly is a city in Iowa in the United States. The population was 10,394 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Bremer County. The sister city of Waverly is the German city of Eisenach, which is famous for the Wartburg castle.
The IUCN Red list of Ecosystems (RLE) is a global framework to monitor and document the status of ecosystems. Its main aim is to support the conservation and the use of resources. It is hoped to evaluate all ecosystems by 2025. The Red List of Ecosystem was developed by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). They also created the  Red List of Threatened Species™; a global frame to monitor the level of risk of animal and plant species.
The High Plains are a subregion of the Great Plains. They are the western part of the Great Plains before the region reaches the Rocky Mountains. The High Plains are in southeastern Wyoming, southwestern South Dakota, western Nebraska, eastern Colorado, western Kansas, eastern New Mexico, western Oklahoma, and south of the Texas Panhandle. They are mostly in the Western United States, but also partly in the Midwest states of Nebraska, Kansas, and South Dakota. Geologically, the high plains are caused by the same process as caused the Rockies. The cause is the westward movement of North America away from Eurasia, which has been going on for over 100 million years. As the continent moved west, it subducted plates under the western side, and stretched out its eastern side. This explains why the western states all have some mountainous terrain, and the eastern states in the south are so low-lying. From east to west, the High Plains rise in elevation from around to over . The High Plains has a "cold semi-arid" climate—Köppen "BSk"—they get between of precipitation annually. Due to low moisture and high elevation, the High Plains get extremes of temperature. The temperature range from day to night is usually , and 24-hour temperature shifts of are possible. In Browning, Montana from January 23, 1916 to January 24, 1916, the temperature fell from . This is the world record for the greatest temperature change in 24 hours. The region is known for the steady, and sometimes intense, winds that come from the west. These add a considerable wind chill factor in the winter. The development of wind farms in the High Plains is one of the latest areas of economic development. The High Plains has one of the lowest population densities of any region in the continental United States; Wyoming, for example, has the second lowest population density in the country after Alaska.
Koch's postulates are four ideas about the relationship between a microbe and a disease.  The postulates were made by Robert Koch and Friedrich Loeffler in 1884, based on earlier ideas of Jakob Henle. They were refined and published by Koch in 1890.  Koch applied the postulates to cholera and tuberculosis, but they have been used for other diseases. These postulates were made before viruses were discovered. Also, they did not realise that some people were "asymptomatic carriers": they could carry the disease without showing signs of it. The postulates are little used today. Other criteria are used, for example the Bradford Hill criteria for infectious diseases in modern public health. Koch's postulates:
Ralph Wolfe Cowan (December 16, 1931 – September 4, 2018) was an American portrait artist. He painted more reigning monarchs and heads of state than any artist in history. He was born in Phoebus, Virginia. Cowan died in West Palm Beach, Florida on September 4, 2018 at the age of 86.
Salawat Abdrakhmanovich Gallyamov (December 24, 1959 – September 5, 2018) was a Russian linguist and researcher. He was a supporter of the theory of the Turanian origin of the Bashkir people.  Gallyamov himself used the shape of the 'bashkord' for the name of the people. He was known for his research in the field of the epics and myths of the peoples of Eurasia and the connections and linguistic connections of the Bashkir language with some ancient and modern languages of the world. Gallyamov died in Ufa, Russia on September 5, 2018 at the age of 59.
The Prime Minister of Abkhazia is the head of government of the Republic of Abkhazia. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President. While the Presidency was held by one man – Vladislav Ardzinba – from 1994 to 2005, the position of Prime Minister changed hands a number of times during that time. It was created with the November 1994 adoption of the Constitution of Abkhazia, and Gennady Gagulia was appointed to the position in January 1995.
Walford is a city in Iowa in the United States. It is part of Benton County and is a small rural city. Walford is the second largest city in its state. As of 2022, nearly all of the population were U.S. citizens with 99.8%, however, the rate of citizenship is decreasing. Some of the most commonly reported ancestry of the population were German, Irish, English, Czech, and Norwegian ancestries.
Gennadi Leonidipa Gagulia (, ; 4 January 1948 – 8 September 2018) was an Abkhazian politician. He was three-time Prime Minister of Abkhazia and the head of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry. He was the first prime minister of Abkhazia after the post was created by the constitution in 1995, holding it until 1997. He returned to the post in 2002 and remained for several months into 2003, and held it for a final time in 2018, before dying in a car crash. Gagulia was killed in a car crash outside the village of Myussera, Gudauta District on 8 September 2018, aged 70.
Wall Lake is a city in Iowa, in the United States. Geography. Wall Lake has a total area of 1.15 square miles.
The position of President of Abkhazia was created in 1994.  Before the office of president was created the head of state position was known as the Chairman of Parliament between 1992 and the creation of the 1994 constitution. Before the position of Chairman of Parliament, the highest office in Abkhazia was the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet.  The post would last from the declaration of sovereignty from the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic on 25 August 1990 until the outright declaration of independence on 23 July 1992.
Vladislav Ardzinba (, ; 14 May 1945 – 4 March 2010) was the first "de facto" President of Abkhazia.  Ardzinba led Abkhazia to "de facto" independence in the 1992–1993 War with Georgia, but its "de jure" independence from Georgia remained internationally unrecognised during Ardzinba's two terms as President from 1994 to 2005. Ardzinba died at a Moscow hospital from a long-illness on 4 March 2018 at the age of 64.
Washta is a city in Iowa in the United States with a population of 209 in 2020. It is called "The Coldest Spot in Iowa", having recorded a temperature of −44 °C without wind chill on January 12, 1912.
Aleksandr Ankvab ( ; , , ; born December 26, 1952) is an Abkhaz politician and businessman. He was President of Abkhazia from May 29, 2011, until his resignation on June 1, 2014.  Under President Sergei Bagapsh, he was Prime Minister from 2005 to 2010 and Vice-President from 2010 to 2011.  In April 2020, Ankvab became Prime Minister again during the Aslan Bzhania presidency.
Valeri Bganba (born 26 August 1953) is an Abkhazian politician. He is a former Speaker of the People's Assembly of Abkhazia. He was elected as speaker on 3 April 2012 and was replaced by Valery Kvarchia on 12 April 2017. Bganba became acting President on 1 June 2014, after the resignation of Alexander Ankvab. On 25 September 2014 he was replaced by Raul Khajimba, the winner of the presidential elections on 24 August. In September 2018, he became the 13th Prime Minister of Abkhazia.
Raul Khajimba (, ; born 21 March 1958) is the 4th and current President of Abkhazia. He was elected in 2014 after the May Revolution. Khajimba was also Chairman of the Forum for the National Unity of Abkhazia from 2010 to 2015. Khajimba was the Vice President (2005–2009), Prime Minister (2003–2004) and Defence Minister (2002–2003). He ran for President four times until winning the 2014 election.
Gilbert Lazard ( – ) was a French linguist and iranologist. He was born in Paris. His works include the study of many Iranian languages, translations of classical Persian poetry, and research on linguistic typology. His works were mainly on morphosyntactic alignment. He also studied the Tahitian language. On November 14, 1980, he was elected an ordinary member of the "Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres. Lazard died in Paris on 6 September 2018 at the age of 98.