ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Montegiardino is one of the 9 communes or "castelli" of San Marino. 910 people live there (October 2013) in an area of 3.31 km². It is the smallest municipality of the country by population. It is next to the San Marino municipalities Fiorentino and Faetano and the Italian municipalities Monte Grimano and Sassofeltrio. It is home to the University of the Republic of San Marino, the country's only university.
The two-stroke engine is an internal combustion engine. The two strokes are: Unlike a four-stroke engine, there are no intake and exhaust strokes. When the piston is at bottom dead center, fuel-air mixture is blown in under slight pressure. The incoming mixture forces out the exhaust gas at the same time. The animation shows an engine with crankcase compression to force in the fuel-air mixture. Some engines use a rotary blower instead. These engines use mixed fuel (often 50:1) primarily high octane gasoline, partially two-stroke oil.
An anchorite (female: anchoress) from "one who has retired from the world", is someone who, for religious reasons, withdraws from secular society so as to be able to lead an intensely prayer-filled, ascetic life. Anchorites are often considered to be a type of religious hermit, unlike hermits, anchorites had to make a promise to God to stay in one place, which was a very small room, either attached to, or within the wall of, a local church.  The anchoritic life is one of the earliest forms of being a Christian monk. From the 12th to the 16th centuries, female anchorites consistently outnumbered their male equivalents, sometimes by as many as four to one (in the 13th century), dropping eventually to two to one (in the 15th century). The sex of a high number of anchorites, however, is not recorded for these periods.
Eastleigh is a town in Hampshire, England, between Southampton and Winchester. It was originally developed as a railway town by the London and South Western Railway. The town lies on the River Itchen, one of England's premier chalk streams for fly fishing, and a designated site of Special Scientific Interest.
The following is a list of deaths that should be noted in July 2018. For deaths that should be noted before the month that the world is in, please see "Months". Names under each date are noted in the order of the alphabet by last name or pseudonym. Deaths of non-humans are noted here also if it is worth noting. Each listing of a death must have a source. If no reference is included, the death notice will be removed. The following are the requirements of adding a name to the list in its order: name, age, where they came from, what the person is known for, cause of death (if known) and a source.
James Moulton Keck (September 4, 1921 – June 25, 2018) was an American Air Force lieutenant general. He was born in Scranton, Pennsylvania. Keck's last assignment was vice commander in chief, Strategic Air Command, headquartered at Offutt Air Force Base, Nebraska. He served this position from October 1, 1973 and served until June 30, 1977. He served as commander of 2nd Air Force. Keck died on June 25, 2018 in San Antonio, Texas from complications of a broken hip at the age of 96.
Irena Szewińska, née Kirszenstein ( ; 24 May 1946 – 29 June 2018) was a Soviet-born Polish sprinter. She was born in Leningrad. She was Jewish. She was the only athlete in history, male or female, to have held the world record in the 100m, the 200m and the 400m. She won three gold medals at the 1964 Olympics in Tokyo, 1968 Olympics in Mexico City and at the 1976 Olympics in Montreal. She also won two Olympic silver medals in 1964 and two Olympic bronze medals in 1968 and 1972. Szewińska died at a military hospital in Warsaw on 29 June 2018 from endometrial cancer at the age of 72.
José Antonio Zaldúa Urdanavia, known as Zaldúa, (15 December 1941 – 30 June 2018), was a Spanish footballer. He played as a forward. He was born in Elizondo, Spain. Zaldúa played for Spanish clubs Real Valladolid, FC Barcelona, CA Osasuna and CE Sabadell FC. At international level, he represented the Spain national football team. Zaldúa died on 30 June 2018 in Sant Andreu de Llavaneres, Spain at the age of 76.
Jed Allan (born Jed Allan Brown; March 1, 1935 – March 9, 2019) was an American actor and game show host. He was born in New York City. Allan was known for his roles on soap operas. He was best known for his role as Don Craig in "Days of Our Lives", which he played from 1971 to 1985. Allan died one week after his 84th birthday on March 9, 2019 in Palm Desert, California.
The 5th congressional district of Illinois is a congressional district that covers parts of Cook and DuPage counties. All or parts of Chicago, Elmhurst, Elmwood Park, Franklin Park, Hinsdale, La Grange Park, Norridge, Northlake, River Grove, Schiller Park, and Oakbrook Terrace are included. It has been represented by Democrat Mike Quigley since a special election in April 2009.
Joseph Crowley (; born March 16, 1962) is an American politician. He was the U.S. Representative for New York's 14th congressional district from 2013 to 2019. He was Chair of the House Democratic Caucus from 2017 to 2019. He also was Chair of the Queens County Democratic Party from 2006 to 2019.  On June 26, 2018, Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez defeated Crowley in the 2018 Democratic primary for his seat. Crowley’s unseen defeat is thought to be one of the biggest upsets in congressional history. Until his defeat in June 2018, Crowley was seen by many as the replacement of Nancy Pelosi in the Democratic House leadership. Election history.
Dimbulukeni Nauyoma (born 1992) is a Namibian youth activist. Along with Job Amupanda and George Kambala, he co-founded a radical youth movement known as the Affirmative Repositioning Movement in 2014. He also served as Secretary General of the Namibia National Students Organisation (NANSO) from 2015 - 2017. Early life. Nauyoma was born in Windhoek, Namibia. He attended the University of Namibia. He holds an advanced diploma in Banking Finance &amp; Credit from the Namibian Institute of Bankers (IOB) where he served as Student Representative Council President. He was part of the SWAPO Party Youth League leaders who were suspended and expelled from the party for occupying a plot in an upmarket Windhoek suburb. Affirmative Repositioning Movement. In November 2014, three youth leaders occupied land in an affluent Klein, Windhoek suburb as a means to demand land in the city. ERF 2014. Nauyoma alongside fellow land activists named their occupied land as in reference to the year of occupation with the initiative receiving help from many young Namibians. New Parliament Building. In 2016, the Namibian government announced plans to build a new Parliament. However, the Affirmative Repositioning Movement began to Mobilization young Namibians for a June 16 protest against the decision saying resources could be used in more needed areas.
Christine Michelle Metz (born September 29, 1980) is an American singer and actress. She played Kate Pearson in the NBC television series "This is Us". She won the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble for the role. For her acting in "This is Us", Metz was also nominated for several Golden Globe and Primetime Emmy Awards. Metz was born in Homestead, Florida.
George Hidipo Hamba Kambala (born 9 May 1992) is a Namibian youth activist who along with Job Amupanda and Dimbulukeni Nauyoma, he co-Founded a radical youth movement known as the Affirmative Repositioning Movement in 2014. Personal life. Kambala was born and grew up in Windhoek's Katutura where he attended Martti Ahtisaari Primary School. He was part of the SWAPO Party Youth League leaders who were suspended and expelled from the party for occupying a plot in an upmarket Windhoek suburb. Affirmative Repositioning Movement Activism. Following reports that Windhoek Mayor Agnes Kafula allocated a plot to a "Big Brother" Africa winner, Kambala alongside Nauyoma and Amupanda occupied land in a Windhoek suburb to raise more concerns on the land question in Namibia.
The Maratha Empire, or Maratha Confederacy, was a group of Indian states that dominated much of the Indian subcontinent in the 17th and the 18th centuries. The empire formally existed from 1674 to 1820. The Marathas are given much of the credit for ending Mughal rule in India. The Marathas were a warrior people from the western Deccan Plateau (present-day Maharashtra). They rose to prominence by establishing "self-rule of Hindu/Indian people" in their region. The Marathas became prominent in the 17th century under the leadership of Shivaji who revolted against the Adil Shahi dynasty and the Mughal Empire and formed a kingdom, with Raigad as his capital. Known for their mobility, the Marathas were able to consolidate their territory during the Mughal–Maratha Wars and later controlled a large part of the Indian subcontinent stretching from Peshawar in the north to Thanjavur in the south with their capital at Pune in the year 1758.  Their power was eventually ended by the series of wars fought against the British Empire. The first two Anglo-Maratha wars resulted in a victory for the Marathas however the third one resulted in the defeat of the Marathas and annexation of the Maratha Empire in Maharashtra into British India. The Marathas had another opportunity to rebel against British rule and form their own kingdom in the Indian Rebellion of 1857. They joined this rebellion in the hopes of permanently kicking the British power out of India. However, by the end of 1859, the rebellion was crushed and all the Maratha rebel leaders were either executed or went into exile and took refuge in Nepal. Thanjavur Branch. It was founded by Ekoji the step Brother of Shivaji and it was independent till 1855. Shahji II helped Marathas again Mughals in Deccan wars but was defeated by Zulfiqar khan during during an Expedition to Tanjore. Shivaji of Tanjore was last Ruler of Thanjavur till it was annexed by East India Company in 1855.
James Simon Denton (July 5, 1951 – June 22, 2018) was an American publisher and editor. He was born in Lakehurst, New Jersey. He was the publisher and editor of "World Affairs" and the director of the World Affairs Institute in Washington, D.C.. Denton was the executive director of Heldref Publications. Denton died at his home in Washington, D.C. from prostate cancer on June 22, 2018, aged 66.
Peter Arthur Firmin (11 December 1928 – 1 July 2018) was an British artist and television producer. He was the founder of Smallfilms, along with Oliver Postgate. They created a number of popular children's TV programmes, "The Saga of Noggin the Nog", "Ivor the Engine", "Clangers", "Bagpuss" and "Pogles' Wood". On 1 July 2018, Firmin died at the age of 89.
Paola Paternoster (née "Carotenuto"; 22 December 1935 – 27 June 2018) was an Italian athlete. She competed in the discus throw at the 1956 and 1960 Summer Olympics and in the javelin throw in 1956, and placed 11th–20th. Paternoster won 17 national championships at senior level. She was born in Rome. Paternoster died on 27 June 2018 from colorectal cancer in Rome at the age of 82.
Centreville is a town in Amite and Wilkinson counties, Mississippi, United States. The population was 1,258 at the 2020 census.
Jacques François Mouret (1787–1837) was a French chess player. He became the chess teacher of the future Louis Philippe I. He was one of the most successful operators of The Turk, a famous chess-playing machine. Biography. Mouret was a great-nephew of the famous chess player François-André Danican Philidor. He learned the game at the Café de la Régence, taught by Bernard and Carlier, two of Philidor's students. He was a pupil of Alexandre Deschapelles and later he became a teacher of La Bourdonnais. He also gave chess lessons to the children of the French King Louis Philippe I. In 1819, he was the operator of The Turk during its tour in England and probably the person, who sold the secret of The Turk to the press. Mouret was an alcoholic. In 1842 the editor of the chess magazine "Le Palamède", said  ""He was a clever fellow, sharp, gay, lively, amusing, and had studied seriously the theory of chess, by which he made his living. His talent redeemed a little the rudeness of his manner and a certain licentiousness which he indulged in. He used to be in a continual state of semi-intoxication". George Walker wrote that "His brain was consumed in the Brandy"". Mouret was believed to have written a book in 1836, "The Treaty Elementary Game of Chess." But later evidence shows that he only made some corrections to the text. He had no money when he died and so the members of the Chess Club of Paris paid for his funeral. Mouret and "The Turk". Mouret is best known as the person hidden inside The Turk, a fake chess-playing machine. Mouret was one of many great chess players who worked inside the machine, others being Johann Baptist Allgaier, who defeated Napoleon in 1809, Schlumberger, Boncourt and Lewis. Fifty games played by Mouret from inside the Turk in London in 1819, are collected in a book published in 1820. In the beginning of the book it was written that
The Mpemba effect is that hot water can, under certain circumstances, not only freeze but do so quicker than colder water. This phenomenon has been reported as working as far back as Ancient Greece, even though it would seem contradictory to the laws of thermodynamics. In 1969 a scientist named Erasto B. Mpemba did experiments that proved that the effect is real, however, scientists are left with more questions than answers. Many solutions have been suggested as reasons for this phenomenon, but none have been agreed upon by scientists and most contradictory explanations were obtained by very different experiments with different controls.
Armando (18 September 1929 – 1 July 2018), born Herman Dirk van Dodeweerd, was a Dutch painter, sculptor and writer. He was born in Amsterdam. In 1958 he was one of the founding members of the Nederlandse Informele Groep (Informelen). His first solo exhibition was at the Galerie Le Canard, Amsterdam, in 1954. At this time he also started to write poetry. He was influenced by the CoBrA art group. In 2007, he retired following an art museum fire that destroyed most of his work. Armando died on 1 July 2018 in Berlin at the age of 88.
François Corbier (1944 – July 1, 2018) was a French television presenter and songwriter. He was born in Paris. He became a television presenter on "Récré A2", a programme with singer Dorothée on Antenne 2, in 1982. He was a co-presenter of "Club Dorothée" on TF1 from 1987 to 1997. His best known song that he wrote was "Le Nez de Dorothée" in 1986.  Corbier died on July 1, 2018 in Évreux, France from cancer, aged 73.
Bozhidar Dimitrov Stoyanov (, 3 December 1945 – 1 July 2018) was a Bulgarian historian. He worked in Medieval Bulgarian history, the Ottoman rule and the Macedonian Question. He was the director of the National Historical Museum. He was born in Sozopol, Bulgaria.  Dimitrov Cove in Antarctica is named after him. Dimitrov died on 1 July 2018 in Sofia from a heart attack at the age of 72.
Shirley Todd Huffman (July 22, 1928 – July 1, 2018) was an American Republican politician. She was born in Dayton, Oregon. She later moved to Hillsboro, Oregon, where she served on the city council before serving two terms as mayor from 1985 to 1993. After leaving office, she was replaced by Gordon Faber and served on the board of directors for TriMet and as a development coordinator for the city. Huffman died on July 1, 2018 in Ventura, California from natural causes at the age of 89.
Dame Gillian Barbara Lynne, (née Pyrke; 20 February 1926 – 1 July 2018) was a British ballerina, dancer, choreographer, actress, and theatre-television director. She was known for her popular choreography with "Cats" and "The Phantom of the Opera". She was made a DBE (Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire) in the 2014 New Year Honours List. Lynne died at a hospital in Marylebone, London from pneumonia on 1 July 2018 at the age of 92.
Alan Julian Macbeth Tudor-Hart (9 March 1927 – 1 July 2018), commonly known as Julian Tudor Hart, was a British doctor and politician. He worked as a general practitioner (GP) in Wales for 30 years. He was involved with research and wrote many books and scientific articles. He is best known for the inverse care law. This says:The availability of good medical care tends to vary inversely with the need for the population served.  This inverse care law operates more completely where medical care is most exposed to market forces, and less so where such exposure is reduced.He was born in London. He was a member of the Sigerist Society from 1947 to 1955. Hart joined the Communist Party of Great Britain and ran as the CPGB candidate for Aberavon at the 1964, 1966 and 1970 general elections. He was the Honorary President of the Socialist Health Association.
The President of Mexico (), officially known as the President of the United Mexican States (), is the head of state and government of Mexico. Under the Constitution, the president is also the Supreme Commander of the Mexican armed forces. The current President is Claudia Sheinbaum, who took office on October 1, 2024. List of presidents. Modern Mexico (1934–present). After the constitutional reform of 1926, the presidential term in Mexico was extended to six years starting in 1928; with a formal ban on reelection. After the federal election of 1934 all the presidents have completed their six-year terms. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; Requirements. To be eligible to serve as president, Article 82 of the Constitution specifies that the following requirements must be met: Powers. The 1917 Constitution was influenced from the Constitution of the United States. It made it clear separation of powers while giving the president wider powers than his American counterpart. However, this has only recently become the case in practice. Residence. The President's official residence and main workplace is Los Pinos, located inside the Bosque de Chapultepec (Chapultepec Park). The President has the right to use this residence for the six-year term of office. Living former Presidents. There are six living former presidents. The most recent former president to die was Luis Echeverría (1970–1976), on 8 July 2022.
Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de León, GColIH (; born December 27, 1951) is a Mexican economist and politician. He was the 54th President of Mexico from December 1, 1994 to November 30, 2000.  He was the last Mexican president from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI), a 71 year streak. He became the PRI candidate after the original nominee Luis Donaldo Colosio was assassinated.
Carlos Salinas de Gortari () (born April 3, 1948) is a Mexican Narco President al igual que AMLO and Murderer Of Luis Donaldo Colosio. He worked with the Partido Trabajador Institucional (PTI). He served as 53rd President of Mexico from December 1, 1988 to November 30, 1994.
Gudrun Margarete Elfriede Emma Anna Burwitz (née Himmler, 8 August 1929 – 24 May 2018) was a German Nazi supporter and the daughter of Margarete Himmler and Heinrich Himmler. She was born in Munich. Burwitz was arrested and made to testify at the Nuremberg trials. She fought to defend her father’s reputation and became closely involved in Neo-Nazi groups that give support to ex-members of the SS. Burwitz died on 24 May 2018 at her home near Munich, aged 88. Her death was announced a month later.
Denis Van Akiyama (May 28, 1952 – June 28, 2018) was a Canadian actor. He was born in Toronto. He was best known for being the voice of Iceman/Bobby Drake, Silver Samurai, and Sunfire in the "X-Men Animated Series" and Malachite/Kunzite in the original English version of "Sailor Moon". He played Shinji in "Johnny Mnemonic". In 2015, he appeared in the movie "Pixels" as Professor Iwatani. Akiyama died in Toronto on June 28, 2018 of cancer at the age of 66.
is a Japanese video game designer. He was born in Tokyo. Iwatani is best known as the creator of the arcade games "Pac-Man" (1980) and "Pole Position" (1982).
Rafe Joseph Spall (born 10 March 1983) is an English actor. He is best known for his roles in "The Shadow Line", "Pete versus Life", "One Day", "Anonymous", "Prometheus", "Life of Pi," "The Big Short", "The BFG", and "." His father is actor Timothy Spall.
Bradley Darryl "BD" Wong (born October 24, 1960) is an American actor. Wong won a Tony Award for his role as Song Liling in "M. Butterfly". Wong is known for his role as Dr. George Huang on "", Dr. Henry Wu in the "Jurassic Park" franchise, his role in "Mr. Robot", and as Li Shang from the Disney animated movie "Mulan". Wong appeared in the TV series "Gotham" as Hugo Strange. Wong is openly gay.
Billy Russell Kinard (December 16, 1933 – June 30, 2018) was an American football player and coach. Kinard was born in Jackson, Mississippi. He played professionally as a defensive end for the Cleveland Browns and Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL) and the Buffalo Bills of the American Football League (AFL). Kinard died on June 30, 2018 in Fort Payne, Alabama at the age of 84.
Justice Elio Smith (born August 9, 1995) is an American actor. He is best known for playing Radar in the movie "Paper Towns" (2015), Ezekiel in the Netflix television series "The Get Down" (2016–2017) and as Franklin in '. Smith will star in ' (2019). He was born in Los Angeles, California.  Ron's Gone Wrong
Hunterston B Power Station is a nuclear power station in North Ayrshire, Scotland. It is about 6 miles (9 km) south of Largs and about 2.5 miles (4 km) northwest of West Kilbride, on the Firth of Clyde coast. It has generated electricity since 1976. It is operated by EDF Energy. It currently generates up to 1000 MW and is due to operate until 2023. Hunterston B is very similar in design to the Hinkley Point B power station which is also due to operate until 2023.
San Rafael ( ; "Saint Raphael") is a city in and the county seat of Marin County, California, United States. The city is in the North Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area. As of the 2020 census the city's population is 61,271. The term "420" when used in reference to cannabis consumption is believed to have started in San Rafael, specifically, at San Rafael High School. Since then, use of "420" has spread throughout the rest of the United States, and much of the rest of the world, in reference to cannabis consumption on April 20 or at 4:20 p.m., the time the original group gathered after school. San Rafael has a Mediterranean climate ("Csb" in the Köppen climate classification).
General elections were held in Mexico on 1 July 2018. Voters elected a new president to serve a term of five years and ten months. It also elected 128 members of the Senate for a period of six years and 500 members of the Chamber of Deputies for a period of three years. It was one of the largest election days in Mexican history, with most of the nation's states holding state and local elections on the same day, including nine governorships. It has been the most violent campaign Mexico has experienced in recent history, with 130 political figures killed since September 2017. During the election cycle, Andrés Manuel López Obrador was the leading candidate and would eventually win in a landslide victory. Currently, the results are: López Obrador, 53%; Anaya, 23%; Meade, 16%; and Rodríguez Calderón, 5%. This is the first time since the (controversial) 1988 election that a presidential candidate has been elected with an absolute majority (50%+1) of the votes cast.
Beatriz Gutiérrez Müller (born 13 January 1969) is a Mexican writer and investigator. She is the wife of former President of Mexico Andrés Manuel López Obrador. She worked as a journalist, managing to work for "El Universal" while she lived in Puebla. Later on, she worked in the Mexico City government during Andrés Manuel López Obrador's time as Head of Government of Mexico City.
Margarita Zavala de Calderón (; born Margarita Ester Zavala Gómez del Campo on 25 July 1967) is a Mexican lawyer and politician. She is the wife of the former President of Mexico Felipe Calderón. She served as the First Lady of Mexico during her husband's tenure.  Zavala also ran as an independent candidate for the presidency of Mexico between 12 October 2017 and 16 May 2018 during the 2018 election cycle.