ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
The Metre Convention is the treaty that set up the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM). The BIPM is an inter-governmental organization that is responsible for harmonizing systems of measurement across the world. The treaty was first made in 1875 between 17 countries. The member countries agreed to share the costs of running a laboratory on neutral territory. The international prototype metre and the international prototype kilogram would be kept at the laboratory. Member state's national prototype metres and kilograms would be compared with the international prototypes at regular intervals. Member states would have regular meetings to discuss developments in measurement technology. In 1921 the treaty was extended to cover electrical and all other physical measurements. This enabled the BIPM to published the standards for the International System of Units (SI). Under SI, units of measurements that are used in science and engineering were defined in a logical manner. The rules for SI also standardized the way in which physical quantities are written. In 2014 the BIPM had 55 member countries. Before the treaty. The metric system was developed in France in the 1790s. The length of the metre was made to be one ten millionth of the distance between the North Pole and the equator. Between 1791 and 1798 the French men Delambre (a mathematician and astronomer) and Méchain (an astronomer) measured the distance between Dunkirk and Barcelona. The measurements were used to make a metal bar exactly 443.296 "lignes" long (the "ligne" is an old French unit of length equal to one twelfth of a French inch). The bar would be used as a standard for the metre. The bar was later called the "metre des archives". By the 1860s it was found that the "metre des archives" was 0.03% shorter than it was supposed to have been. The Great Exhibition in London in 1851 and the Paris International Exhibition in 1867 had shown the need for different nations to use the same units of measurement. In the 1860s there were many discussions by astronomers and surveyors from outside France whether they should use the "metre
The Western horse (or Equus occidentalis) was a species of horse that inhabited North America during the Pleistocene. It is now extinct. It was a stoutly built animal. It resembled the extinct quagga or the modern zebra, although it was not a close relative of either or these species.
Tavastia is an historical province in Finland. Tavastia is now divided between four regions of Finland. These are Tavastia Proper, Päijänne Tavastia, Pirkanmaa and Central Finland.
Town &amp; Country is a romantic comedy movie from 2001. This movie is about an architect named Porter whose life begins coming apart. The movie is also about deceitful friends. Goldie Hawn plays Mona Morris. Andie MacDowell plays Eugenie. Jenna Elfman plays Auburn. The movie was released on April 27, 2001 by Warner Bros. The reviews were very negative. Both critics and audiences did not like this movie. It bombed in the box office. Its intake was only US$10.5 million over a budget of $90 million.
Diego da Silva Costa (born 7 October 1988) is a Brazilian-Spanish footballer who plays as a striker for Grêmio and the Spanish national football team. Football Career. Costa was born in Brazil, and played for the Brazil national football team for the first time in 2013. However, he then chose to play for Spain. This made the Brazilian football manager, Luiz Felipe Scolari, very angry. The Brazilian Football Confederation have even asked the country's government to remove Costa's citizenship. (The right to be a country's citizen). In March 2014, Costa became a member of the Spanish national football team. This was when he was granted his Spanish citizenship. He made his first appearance against Italy and represented Spain in the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Youth career. Costa spent 2 years at Barcelona Esportivo Capela (Brazillian football club), from 2004 to 2006. After this, he then began his senior career in Portugal by joining Penafiel. Senior Career. Penafiel (Loan). In the same year as joining Braga, he was sent on a loan spell to Penafiel. He played 13 league games with 5 goals. Atletico Madrid (2007–09). In 2007, Costa joined Atletico Madrid for a fee of . Unfortunately, he didn't get a game to play due to loan spells. Braga (Loan). Diego Costa remained at Braga in 2007 but on a loan spell. This time, he made 7 league appearances, but he failed to score a goal. In the UEFA Cup, he scored his first goal in a domestic cup against Parma F.C. (Italian football team).  Celta de Vigo (Loan). He was then loaned to Celta for the 2007-08 Segunda Division season. In that season, he made an impressive 30 appearances and scored 5 goals. Albacete (Loan). Staying in the Segunda Division, he then joined on loan Albacete Balompie for the 2008-09 season. At this loan spell, he made 35
The Fault in Our Stars is a 2012 novel by young adult author John Green.  The book follows the story of sixteen year old Hazel Grace Lancaster, who has cancer. Her parents make her go to a support group, where she meets a boy named Augustus Waters, who she falls in love with.  It has been made into a movie of the same name, which was released on June 6, 2014.
Koke (born Jorge Resurección Meredio in Madrid on 8 January 1992) is a Spanish footballer. He plays as a midfielder for Atlético Madrid. He played for the Spain national football team at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. International career statistics. !Total||10||0
The Gomphotheres were a varied family of extinct elephant-like animals (proboscidea). The early species had four tusks, and scratches on the teeth suggest they ate rough vegetable matter. They had a wide distribution. They were common in North America during the Miocene and Pliocene epochs, 121.6 million years ago. Some lived in parts of Eurasia, Beringia and, after the Great American Interchange, South America. Beginning about five million years ago, they were gradually replaced by modern elephants. The last two South American species, in the genus "Cuvieronius", did not become extinct until about 9000 years ago. "Stegomastodon" remains have been dated as recently as 6,000 years ago in the Valle del Magdalena, Colombia.  Gomphotheres survived in Mexico and Central America until the end of the Pleistocene.  The arrival of mankind in the Americas about 13,000 years ago is generally credited for the loss of large species of all kinds of animals. The details of this are unknown.  The relationship between the Gomphotheres and modern elephants is also unknown. The similarities might be due to descent, or might be due to parallel evolution, that is, to similar lifestyles.
22 Jump Street is a 2014 criminal comedy movie. The movie is about two police officers who go undercover at a fraternity. Their friendship is pushed to the limit. Channing Tatum plays Jenko. Jonah Hill plays Morton. The movie picks up from where the first movie left off. It was released in June 2014.
Brianne Sidonie Desaulniers, known professionally as Brie Larson, (born in Sacramento, California, October 1, 1989) is an American actress. She played Molly in the 2012 movie version of "21 Jump Street". She also played Envy in "Scott Pilgrim vs. the World". Larson won the Academy Award for Best Actress for her role as Ma in the 2015 movie "Room". Brie Larson is Captain Marvel. Awards and nominations. Brie Larson has received many awards and nominations. She began acting at age eight, and followed it with minor supporting roles in various movies. Her breakthrough came with her leading performance in the 2013 coming-of-age drama film "Short Term 12", for which she was nominated for the Independent Spirit Award and a Critics' Choice Award. She garnered widespread acclaim for her performance as Joy "Ma" Newsome in the 2015 drama "Room", for which she won the Academy Award for Best Actress, the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama, the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role, the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role, and the Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Actress.
Serene Highness is a style of address used by several princely and noble families throughout present-day Europe. It has also been used historically. It ranks below Royal Highness and Imperial Highness. is the title reserved for the princes of the sovereign princely families, currently unique the ruling families of Monaco and Liechtenstein. Some heraldists believe it is also due to the descendants of the sovereign Principality of Sperlinga, who sold the Castle but kept the title, and it is from all its members.
A revolver is a type of gun. Revolvers are repeating firearms with a cylinder that spins. Revolvers have several chambers each holding one cartridge. Most are handguns, but other types of weapons also use revolving cylinders. They are also called revolving guns, though "revolver" is used far more often. The first revolvers date back to late 1500s in Europe. It was not until the 1700s or 1800s, however, they became affordable. Revolvers are sometimes used by law enforcement agencies. On some occasions, these guns can be reset by one hand, then loaded with the other. Action. Single-action. In a single-action revolver, the hammer is manually cocked. This is usually done with the thumb. This action turns the cylinder to the next cartridge. It also locks the cylinder in place with the chamber aligned with the barrel. The trigger, when pulled, releases the hammer, which fires the round in the chamber. To fire again, the hammer must be manually cocked again. This is called "single-action" because the trigger only performs a single action—that of releasing the hammer. Because only a single action is performed and trigger pull is very light, firing a revolver in this way allows most shooters to achieve greater accuracy. Additionally, the need to cock the hammer manually acts as a safety. The gun will not fire unless the hammer is cocked back. The Colt Paterson Revolver, the Walker Colt, the Colt's Dragoon and the Colt Single Action Army pistol of the American Frontier era are all good examples of this system. Double-action. In double-action, the stroke of the trigger pull generates three actions:  Double-action means that a cocking action separate from the trigger pull is not needed. Every trigger pull causes a complete cycle and a bullet is fired. This allows the gun to be carried uncocked. It also allows the gun to be drawn from the holster and fired using only the trigger. However, a double-action revolver has a longer and harder trigger pull. However, this drawback can also be viewed as a safety feature, as the gun is safer against accidental discharges from being dropped. Most double-action revolvers may be fired in two ways.
Simon Baker (born 30 July 1969) is an Australian actor and director. He is best known for his roles as Nicholas Fallin on "The Guardian" and Patrick Jane on "The Mentalist". Baker was born in Launceston, Tasmania. He was first raised in New Guinea and then Ballina, New South Wales. He began a career in acting in 1988. Baker married actress Rebecca Rigg in 1998. They live together in Los Angeles, California and have three children.  Baker was nominated for an Emmy Award for "The Mentalist" in 2009.
Nursultan Äbishuly Nazarbayev (; born 6 July 1940) is a Kazakh politician who served as the first President of Kazakhstan from 1990 to 2019. Some opposition groups call him an "unofficial leader" and "dictator". Nazarbayev has been the president since December 1991, when Kazakhstan became independent of the Soviet Union. He has been the country's leader since 1989. This is when he was named First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Kazakh SSR. In April 2011, Nazarbayev was re-elected to another five-year term.  In February 2014, he proposed renaming Kazakhstan to "Kazakh Eli". In 2006 he rewrote the words to "My Kazakhstan" which was then accepted as the country's national anthem. Shortly after his resignation as president the capital city was named after him in his honour.
George Houvardas (born 1982) is an Australian actor. He is best known for his role as Nick "Carbo" Karandonis on the Seven Network television program "Packed to the Rafters". Houvardas was born in Sydney, New South Wales and is of Greek origin. He began a career in television acting in 2008. He lives in Sydney.
The loudness war is a negative term that describes the apparent competition to release albums that are increasingly loud. Albums that are "victims of the loudness war" have worse sound quality because the dynamic range has been compressed to make the music louder. Examples of albums that are victims of the loudness war include "Death Magnetic" by Metallica. Record producer Charles Dye started an organization called Turn Me Up! that campaigns to give musicians the choice to make albums with bigger dynamic ranges. In March 2010, mastering engineer Ian Shepherd organised the first Dynamic Range Day.
Eritherium is an extinct genus of early Proboscidean. It was discovered in Morocco. It was first named by Emmanuel Gheerbrant in 2009 and the type species is "Eritherium azzouzorum". Eritherium is the oldest, smallest and most primitive known elephant relative. The phosphate bed where the remains were found places the animal's age as 61.1 to 57.8 million years ago. "Eritherium" is the oldest known representative of the Proboscideans. It has not been assigned to any family in the order. "Eritherium" is the sister clade to "Phosphatherium", "Numidotherium" and "Moeritherium". This is one of the most complete evolutionary sequences of early mammalian radiations after the K/T extinction event. Thus, the elephants are one of the oldest "modern" mammal orders to have survived.
A cylinder, in firearms terminology, is the cylindrical, rotating part of a revolver. The cylinder has multiple cartridges chambers. The cylinder revolves around a central shaft in the revolver. This is to bring each individual chamber into alignment with the barrel for firing. Each time the gun is cocked (made ready to fire), the cylinder rotates by one chamber making the pistol ready to fire again. Cylinders typically hold six cartridges—which is why revolvers are sometimes called "six shooters". But some small frame revolvers only hold five cartridges, due to the smaller overall size of the gun. Several models of .22 rimfire caliber revolvers have cylinders holding nine or ten rounds. As a general rule, cylinders are not designed to be removed from the firearm except for cleaning. A speedloader or moon clip can be used with some revolvers for rapid reloading.
Apomixis is reproduction where only one parent passes genes to the offspring. Apomictically produced offspring are genetically identical to the parent (clones). The method is most seen in plants, especially flowering plants. Brambles (blackberry) are apomictic. Some authorities give "reproduction by special tissues without fertilisation", or "asexual formation of a seed from the maternal tissues of the ovule, avoiding meiosis and fertilization, leading to embryo development". Apomixis includes some methods which are more common in animals, such as parthenogenesis. In botany, apomixis was defined by Hans Winkler as the replacement of the normal sexual reproduction by asexual reproduction, without fertilization. Horticulture methods, such as propagation from cuttings or leaves, is not apomixis. "Natural replacement of the seed by an asexual method" is apomixis.
Katherine "Kat" Lynne Bjelland (born December 9, 1963) is an American singer. She became known as the singer of the punk rock band Babes in Toyland. In 2001 the band broke up. That year Bjelland released an album as part of Katastrophy Wife. Since then Katastrophy Wife has released one more album. Early life. Bjelland was born in Oregon. Her parents divorced when she was young. Bjelland said that her stepmother was "abusive" and that her mother beat her. When Bjelland was in second grade she was bought an acoustic guitar after she asked for one. Career. In 1982 Bjelland moved to Portland, Oregon. There she formed a series of bands. The Neurotics was the first. In 1981 Bjelland started Sugar Babydoll with her friend Courtney Love. Bjelland and Love made a new band called Pagan Babies around 1985. They made a demo tape of four songs. Bjelland wrote songs inspired by the punk rock band Frightwig. Love said, "you're never going to get anywhere playing that punk rock noise" and left the band. In 1986 Bjelland started The Italian Whorenuns. In 1987 Bjelland started Babes in Toyland. The band released their first album, "Spanking Machine", in 1990.  In 1993 Babes in Toyland performed at the Lollapalooza tour. Bjelland started a band with her husband Glenn Mattson called Crunt. In 1994 they released an album, "Crunt". In 1995 Bjelland divorced her husband and Crunt broke up. In 1999 Bjelland started Katastrophy Wife. Babes in Toyland broke up in 2001. Personal life. In 1999 Bjelland's son Henry was born.
Die Antwoord () is a British rap duo. The main singers are Yolandi Visser and her husband Ninja. They released their first album "$O$" in 2009. In 2012 their second album "Ten$ion" was released. Four singles were released from the album. In 2022, Ninja and Yolandi's adopted son, Gabriel "Tokkie" du Preez, accused them of ill-treatment, sexual assault, and slavery on him and his sister Meisie in a video posted on YouTube.
This is a list of topics that have been characterized as pseudoscience by some scientists and researchers.  Paranormal and ufology. Paranormal or supernatural subjects have been subject to criticism from many of sources including the following claims of the paranormal: Religion and Science. Spiritual and religious practices and beliefs, according to astronomer Carl Sagan, are normally not classified as pseudoscience. Some of the ideas are: Creation science. Creationism is the belief that the origin of everything in the universe is the result of the Christian God.  Ideas not commonly referred to. The following concepts have only a very small number of supporters, but have become notable: Parody pseudoscience. The following are parodies of other pseudosciences:
Orizaba is a city and municipality in the Mexican state of Veracruz. It is 20 km west of its twin city Córdoba. It sits at the base of Pico de Orizaba, the highest peak in Mexico. It is also a volcano with a perfectly shaped snow-covered cone. The city had a 2005 census population of 117,273 and occupies almost the same area as its small municipality. The municipality includes a few small areas outside the city. It has an area of 27.97 km² (10.799 sq mi). It was an important town during the Spanish colonization of the Americas. On January 27, 1774, the Spanish king Carlos III gave town status to Orizaba, and on November 29, 1830 Orizaba was declared a city.
This is the title history of the WWE Intercontinental Championship. The title was introduced in 1979 when Pat Patterson was awarded the championship he won a fictional tournament in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. In total, there have been 90 distinct championship holders as of 04 2025. The wrestler with the most reigns as Intercontinental Champion is Chris Jericho with 9. The longest reigning Intercontinental Champion is Gunther. The current champion is Bron Breakker, who is in his second reign. As of 14, 2025.
Antonio Francisco Cafiero (September 12, 1922 – October 13, 2014) was an Argentine politician. He was the Governor of the Buenos Aires Province from 1987 through 1991. He was also its Senator from 1993 to 2005. Cafiero was born on September 12, 1922 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. He studied at the University of Buenos Aires. Cafiero died on October 13, 2014 of pneumonia in Buenos Aires, aged 92.
Lee Teng-hui (15 January 1923 – 30 July 2020), sometimes called the "father of Taiwan's democracy", was a politician of the Republic of China (commonly known as Taiwan). He was the President of the Republic of China and Chairman of the Kuomintang (KMT) from 1988 to 2000. Lee died of sepsis caused by multiple organ failure in Taipei on 30 July 2020, aged 97.
Belisario Betancur Cuartas (4 February 1923 – 7 December 2018) was an Colombian politician. He was the 26th President of Colombia from 1982 to 1986. Betancur was born on 4 February 1923 in Amagá, Antioquia, Colombia. He studied at Pontifical Bolivarian University. Betancur died on 7 December 2018 in Bogotá from a kidney infection at the age of 95.
Sir Reginald Oswald Palmer, GCMG, (15 February 1923 – 23 May 2016) was the Governor-General of Grenada from 6 August 1992 to 8 August 1996. Palmer retired from public service in 1980 and entered the private sector, serving two terms as President of the Grenada Employer's Federation. He died in May 2016 at the age of 93.
Disney Jr. (formerly known as Disney Junior and Playhouse Disney) is an American cable and satellite television network. It is part of The Walt Disney Company. It is for children between one and eight years old. It shows first-run children's television shows, movies and made-for-DVD movies. It follows Playhouse Disney, which aired from February 1, 1999 to September 1, 2013. The name Disney Jr. is also used for a morning and early afternoon program seen on the Disney Channel, branded as "Disney Jr. on Disney Channel". Programming. Programming on the Disney Jr. channel includes original series and series which used to be shown on the Playhouse Disney block It also showed re-runs of former original shows like Mickey Mouse Clubhouse and Rolie Polie Olie. There included some that also air on the companion Disney Channel morning block. The network also airs short-form series as well as reruns of some older animated series. These progams had been seen on sister network ABC, CBS (made before 1996) and programs from Disney Channel and Toon Disney. These are aired by the channel by popular demand. Blocks. Disney Junior Night Light. "Disney Junior Night Light" is the former name of Disney Junior channel's overnight programming block, running daily from 9:00 p.m. to 4:00 a.m. Eastern and Pacific Time. The block, which debuted on September 4, 2012, and is sponsored by Babble (under a similar underwriter sponsorship agreement as that regularly used by Disney Channel and Disney Junior, which both operate as commercial-free services), consists of short-form programs intended for co-viewing among parents and their children. Features seen as part of the block include "Picture This" (which presents sketches of Disney characters being drawn), "Sesh Tales" (a segment featuring costumed finger puppets with twists on traditional fairy tales) and "That's Fresh" (a segment featuring cooking tips aimed at parents, presented by celebrity chef Helen Cavallo). Additional series under development at the block's launch included a photography series, a series that follows parents through the day their new baby comes home after being born, and
Ioannis Grivas (; 23 February 1923 – 27 November 2016) was a Greek judge and politician. Grivas was the 87th Prime Minister of Greece. He served as a non-party interim Prime Minister. Grivas was born in Kato Tithorea, Tithorea, Phthiotis in the region of Lokris. He studied at the University of Athens. Grivas died on 27 November 2016 in Athens, aged 93.
César Augusto Gaviria Trujillo (; born 31 March 1947) is a Colombian economist and politician. He was the 28th President of Colombia from 1990 to 1994 under the Colombian Liberal Party. Gaviria was born on 31 March 1947 in Pereira, Risaralda. He studied at the University of the Andes until 1969.
Aziz Ansari (born February 23, 1983) is an American actor and comedian. He is best known for his role as Tom Haverford on the NBC television program "Parks and Recreation". He is also a movie actor, appearing in "Funny People" (2009), "I Love You, Man" (2009), "Observe and Report" (2009), and "30 Minutes or Less" (2011). Ansari was born in Columbia, South Carolina. He is the son of an Indian Tamil Muslim family. He started acting after graduating from the New York University in 2004. He lives in Los Angeles, California and is an atheist.