ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Lviv during the medieval period was a key cultural, political, and trade hub in Eastern Europe. Founded in the mid-13th century by King Danylo Romanovych of the Galician-Volhynian State, the city became a strategic center due to its position on important trade routes, including the Silk Road extensions leading to Krakow and further west. Historical development. Foundation and early growth. Lviv was first mentioned in 1256 in the Galician-Volhynian Chronicle. King Danylo established the city and named it after his son, Leo I of Galicia. By the late 13th century, Lviv had become the capital of the Galician-Volhynian State, replacing older centers like Halych. Integration into Poland. In 1349, Lviv came under Polish control and became part of the Kingdom of Poland. This led to significant urban development, including the construction of city walls and gothic-style churches. The introduction of Magdeburg Law in 1356 granted the city self-governance, further promoting trade and economic growth. Economic and cultural flourishing. By the 15th and 16th centuries, Lviv was a multi-ethnic and multi-religious center with a mix of Ukrainian, Polish, Armenian, and Jewish communities. Key industries included trade, craftsmanship, and printing, with Lviv housing one of the first printing presses in Ukraine. Fortifications and architecture. The city developed a sophisticated system of fortifications, including the High Castle on Castle Hill and defensive walls surrounding the medieval core. Gothic and Renaissance architectural styles flourished, as seen in landmarks like the Latin Cathedral and Armenian Cathedral of Lviv. Legacy. Medieval Lviv remains a vital part of Ukraine’s cultural heritage. Its architectural and historical significance earned it recognition as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1998. Modern Lviv preserves many medieval elements, including its urban layout and historic landmarks.
Jan Andreas Marie Hendrikx (27 May 1941 – 29 November 2024) was a Dutch politician. He was a member of the Catholic People's Party (KVP) and from 1980 of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA). Hendrikx was Queen's commissioner in Overijssel and served as a member of the Senate. Biography. Hendrikx was a member of the provincial council for 12 years from 1970 to 1982. Within that time Hendrikx served as the mayor of Herwen en Aerdt (1972-1974) and a member of the provincial executive of Gelderland. He was at the time the younghest mayor of the Netherlands. He was senior civil servant at the Ministry of the Interior and from 1988 to 2022 Queen's Commissioner in Overijssel. As Queen's Commissioner he successfully led efforts in 1995 to protect Overijssel from flooding due to the extremely high water level in the Dutch rivers. He was Queen's Commissioner at the time of the Enschede fireworks disaster. Later Hendrikx served as a member of the Senate from 12 June 2007 to 7 June 2011. In the Senate, Hendrikx was involved in matters including domestic affairs, transport and water management, environment and Antillean Affairs. Hendrikx died on 29 November 2024, at the age of 83 years old.
Fedde Jonkman (28 April 1941 – 27 November 2024) was a Dutch politician. He was a member of the Anti-Revolutionary Party (ARP) and Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA). He became most known as the mayor of Rijnsburg (1985-1997) and the mayor of Waddinxveen (1997-2004). Biography. Jonkman was born in Friesland in Akmarijp in 1941. He attended Meer Uitgebreid Lager Onderwijs and afterwards the . He started working as a teacher and after taking multiple courses he became a history, geography and social studies teacher. From 1972 to 1978 Jonkman was deputy director of the Christian LEAO in Drachten. Next to that, he was from 1974 a member of the municipal council of Smallingerland, that includes Drachten. In 1978 he became alderman. In April 1985 he was appointed mayor of the at the time South Holland municipality Rijnsburg. He was the mayor there for 12 years. After that he was from 1997 mayor of Waddinxveen. In June 2004, to everyone's surprise, he took early retirement. Jonkman died in November 2024, at the age of 83 years old.
Erythrosuchus is a large species of carnivorous, crocodile-like reptile that lived during the Triassic era. It has been a star of the series "Life on Our Planet". Prey. Its prey included dicynodonts, such as "Lystrosaurus". It may have come into contact with two other predators that lived during the same time and place: "Proterosuchus" and "Cynognathus". Media. To date, "Erythrosuchus" has appeared in famous media such as "Life on Our Planet" and "The" "Lost Spider-Pit Sequence". In "The" "Lost Spider-Pit Sequence", a female individual is shown attacking the sailors of the Venture, and it's inaccurately named as a giant lizard in the movie. "Life on Our Planet" depicts a group of male "Erythrosuchus". Diet. Its diet only consists of meat.
Erich Stojaspal (15 March 1929 in Vienna- 30 March 2010) was an Austrian footballer. He played as forward mainly for FK Austria Wien.  Career. He started playing football in Simmering with the local club Ostbahn XI. In 1943 he moved to FK Austria Wien. He played with good success as a left winger. However, he was mostly used in the reserve team. In the summer of 1955 he left Austria and moved to Simmeringer SC. He ended his career in 1960. He was the younger brother of Ernst Stojaspal.
Sphenacodon is a genus of sphenacodont that lived during the Early Permian period. "Sphenacodon" was related to "Dimetrodon". Media. "Sphenacodon" made an appearance in a famous lost movie called "The Lost Spider-Pit Sequence". In the movie, it became described as a huge two-legged lizard, and was inaccurately portrayed as being capable of eating humans.
The Fontaine de la Rotonde (French for Rotunda Fountain) is a fountain in the city of Aix-en-Provence, located in the Bouches-du-Rhône department in France. The fountain can be found at the Place de la Rotonde, in the Cours Mirabeau. It is the biggest fountain in the city, at 12 meters high and 32 meters wide.  History. The fountain was built to serve as a marker for the entrance of the city. To do this, the city's ramparts were destroyed to make way for the fountain, as well as an obelisk. The fountain was designed by the architect Theophile de Tournadre, and its construction was completed in 1860.  Design. The fountain has pairs of lions around its base. On the higher level, there are bronze statues of children riding swans. On the level above it are heads spouting water. Its centerpiece however, features three female statues, all standing back-to-back, looking in different directions. The first woman looks at the Cours Mirabeau, representing justice. The second woman is looking in the direction of Marseille, which represents trading and agriculture. The final woman is looking in the direction of the city of Avignon, which is meant to represent the fine arts.  Additional Information. The Fontaine de la Rotonde is considered a Neo-classic historic monument. It was the first fountain in Aix-en-Provence to have its own cast iron bath. The fountain's nearby area is equipped with a defibrillator.
The Karma Revero is a luxury plug-in hybrid sports Sedan made in the United States. It was first introduced in September 2016 by Karma Automotive, which is owned by the Chinese company, Wanxiang Group. The Revero is based on the Fisker Karma, which was originally made by Fisker Automotive. History. The original Fisker Karma was produced from 2012 to 2013, but Fisker Automotive went out of business in 2013. In 2014, Wanxiang Group bought the company and its assets, including the rights to the Karma. Production moved to Moreno Valley, California, where the Karma Revero was launched in 2017. The Revero kept many features from the original Fisker Karma but included updates and improvements. In 2020, a new version called the Karma Revero GT was introduced with a different engine and a larger battery. The Revero GT used a 1.5-liter BMW engine as a range extender and had improved electric range compared to the original model. In 2021, Karma introduced the Karma GS-6, a more affordable version of the Revero. It featured a similar battery capacity and all-electric driving range. An all-electric version, the GSe-6, was also announced. This version did not use a gasoline engine and was designed to offer fully electric driving.
Fleury Di Nallo (born 20 April 1943 in Lyon) is a French footballer who played as a striker. In his career, he played 10 games for the French national team, in which he scored 8 goals. Club career. Di Nallo began his football career at Olympique Lyon In 1960 he was promoted to the Lyon first team. On 20 August 1960, he made his debut in the French first division in a 0–2 away match against Stade de Reims. From the 1961/62 season he was a regular player for Lyon. He achieved his first success with this club in the 1963/1964 season, in which he won the French Cup. In early 1975, Di Nallo quit Lyon for Parisian club Red Star 93. In the summer of that year he changed clubs again and joined Montpellier HSC. He retired his career there after the 1976/1977 season. International career. Di Nallo made his debut for the French national team on 11 November 1962 in a 2–3 friendly defeat against Hungary.
The Conservative Revolution (German: "Konservative Revolution"), also called the German neoconservative movement or new nationalism, was a political movement in Germany and Austria from 1918 to 1933, between World War I and the rise of the Nazis. It was a national-conservative and ultraconservative movement that opposed modern ideas and wanted a different future for Germany. The people in this movement, called conservative revolutionaries, rejected traditional Christian conservatism, democracy, and equality. They felt lost in the modern world and looked to older ideas from the 19th century. These included Friedrich Nietzsche’s dislike of Christian values and democracy, the anti-modern ideas of German Romanticism, the nationalist beliefs of the Völkisch movement, and the strong military traditions of Prussia. Many were also influenced by their experiences of war and comradeship during World War I. The Conservative Revolution had a complicated connection with Nazism. Some historians see it as a form of early fascism, though it was not exactly the same as Nazism. Unlike the Nazis, it did not always focus on race, but it shared anti-democratic ideas that helped prepare German society for Nazi rule. When Hitler took power in 1933, the movement lost its influence. One of its key thinkers, Edgar Jung, was killed by the Nazis in 1934. Some members later opposed parts of Nazi rule, except for figures like Carl Schmitt. Since the 1960s and 1970s, the Conservative Revolution has influenced right-wing political movements in Europe, especially in France and Germany. It has also helped shape the modern European Identitarian movement. Name and meaning. Although conservative writers from the Weimar Republic, like Arthur Moeller van den Bruck, Hugo von Hofmannsthal, and Edgar Jung, called their political movement the "Conservative Revolution," the term became popular again after Armin Mohler's doctoral thesis in 1949. Mohler's post-war ideas about the "Conservative Revolution" have faced a lot of criticism, but many scholars now accept the concept of a "neo-conservative" or "new nationalist" movement that was active during the Weimar years (1918–1933). This period sometimes includes
Brother Niceforo's poison arrow frog or Niceforo's poison frog ("Ameerega ingeri") is a frog. It lives in Colombia. This frog lives in tropical forests on the eastern side of the Andes Mountains in Colombia. Scientists saw these frogs between 100 and 400 meters above sea level. Scientists found exactly one frog. They found it in 1970. Scientists went back to the frog's home later, but they did not see it again. Today, scientists are not sure if the scientists from 1970 were talking about this frog or a different one. The paper the scientists wrote about their 1970 frog said the frog was red in color. But the frogs that scientists found in the same place in 2016 were brown and blue in color. This does not mean they could not be the same species of frog. If they are all the same frog, then there are many of these frogs alive now. Scientists think this frog might live in one protected park: Parque Nacional Natural Alto Fragua Indiwasi. Scientists do not know if this frog is in danger of dying out. But the place where they found the frog has had too many trees cut down so people could build places for cows to eat grass. There is no forest where the scientists first found the frog, but there is a protected park nearby. Scientists think surviving frogs might live inside the park now.
Wang Su-bok (, ; 5 March 1917 – 1 June 2003) was a singer from North Korea, who was the most popular singer in Japanese-occupied Korea in 1935. She was credited as a ground-breaking female artist, whose work led the way for modern K-pop.
Alfredo Guzmán (6 February 1943) is a Mexican swimmer who competed in the 1960 Summer Olympics and in the 1964 Summer Olympics.
Kurt Lennart Ingemar Backman (7 February 1934) is a Swedish footballer who played as a Midfielder.
Franklin Parker Reddout (March 4, 1931) is an American former professional basketball player.
Josip Skoblar (12 March 1941) is a Croatian professional football player and manager.
Gabriel De Michèle (6 March 1941) is French former footballer of Italian descent, who played as a defender.
The Mixe flag (Mixe: "Ayook") has three colours and are placed horizontally. The top colour is green, the middle is red and the bottom is yellow. In the middle of the white is a sun with coat of arms of Mixe people.
The Wayuu flag (Wayuu: "Ayook") has three colours and are placed horizontally. The top colour is dark green, the middle is red and the bottom is yellow. In the middle of the white is a sun with coat of arms of Wayuu people.
Highway 1 is a major east–west highway in Alberta that is part of the Trans-Canada Highway. It runs from the British Columbia border near Lake Louise through Calgary to the Saskatchewan border east of Medicine Hat. It continues as Highway 1 into both provinces. It travels about from Alberta's border with British Columbia in the west to its border with Saskatchewan in the east.
The 2024 FIFA Puskás Award was the sixteenth FIFA Puskás Award. It was awarded on December 17, 2024, during the The Best FIFA Football Awards 2024.  The 11 nominees was announced by FIFA on November 28, 2024. Manchester United winger Alejandro Garnacho won the award with 26 points. Uganda's Denis Omedi's goal finished the run in the race as number three in the awards .
Josephus Maurice "Maurits" Geuns (19 September 1937 – 24 November 2024) was a Belgian football player who played as a midfielder. He played with Royal Antwerp F.C. and . Biography. Geuns was born in Wommelgem on 19 September 1937. From the age of ten years old he was a member of Royal Antwerp F.C.. He played during the 1955 Belgian Cup when the team became for the Belgian Cup winner. In 1961 he moved to the football club , where he played for over a decade. Geuns died in Czagani residential care center in Broechem on 24 November 2024, at the age of 87 years old.
The Toyota Sora is a type of transit bus made by Toyota. It uses hydrogen fuel cells to run and also The bus can carry many passengers and is used in public transport systems. History. The Toyota Sora was first shown to the public at the Tokyo Motor Show in 2017. It was co-developed with Hino Motors, a company known for making trucks and buses. The bus was released for sale in Japan in March 2018. It was used in public transport systems like Tokyo, where it was used before the 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games. Features. The Toyota Sora is powered by fuel cells that use hydrogen as fuel. This helps it produce electricity to run the motors. It can hold up to 78 passengers. Refueling takes about 10 minutes. The bus also has cameras and sensors It can detect nearby pedestrians and cyclists. And There is also a system that allows passengers to stop the bus in case of an emergency. Markets. The Toyota Sora was first sold in Japan, where it became part of public transport systems in cities like Tokyo. It was deployed in time for the 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games The Sora has been used by various transit operators, including Tokyo BRT, Keikyu Bus, and Toei Bus. In Europe, the Sora is sold as a chassis that is fitted with bodywork by the Portuguese company Salvador Caetano, a long-time partner for importing Toyota commercial vehicles into the region. As of 2022, the bus has been ordered and deployed in several European countries, with Germany being one of the main markets.
"Militancy in the name of Islam: discussed and non-discussed reasons", mainly Islam er Name Jongibad: Alochito O Onalochito Karonsomuho (ইসলামের নামে জঙ্গিবাদ: আলোচিত ও অনালোচিত কারণসমূহ) is a 2016 bengali language book by Khandaker Abdullah Jahangir which explains the political aspects of Islam and the spread and conspiracy of militancy in the name of Islam according to the Quranic Hadith. The book was first published in August 2006. The book is very popular among Bengali Salafi-Ahl al-Hadith communities. Many bengali scholars has prescribed the book as authentic and reliable including Abubakar Muhammad Zakaria. Contents. According to Khandaker Abdullah Jahangir, the reasons for the spread of 'Militism or Terrorism' is the Western conspiracy against Islam, Israel, imperialism, oil and religion, killing of Muslims worldwide, suppression of Islam in Muslim countries, unemployment, depression, etc.  Criterion of Validity in Leadership: Permitting Prayer. Abdullah Jahangir in his book Militancy in the Name of Islam states that the hadith forbids opposing the ruler's authority as long as they pray and/or allow public prayer. Sufi-Salafi relation. Abdullah Jahangir about Sufi-Salafi (Wahhabi) relationship, regarding their political philosophy and its misuse and misinterpretation in the Western world, says in his book "Militancy in the Name of Islam", Kharijite. According to some Muslim writers, extremism within Islam begins with the Kharijites in the 7th century. Originally from their political position, they developed extreme doctrines that set them apart from mainstream Sunni and Shia Muslims alike. The Kharijites were particularly well known for their radical approach to takfir, where they declared other Muslims to be infidels and therefore deemed worthy of killing. Scholars refer
A potato masher is a kitchen utensil used to mash soft foods to make mashed potatoes, applesauce, or refried beans. It consists of a handle with a thick zigzag-shaped wire, or a plate with holes or slots.
Montenegrins are described today as people from the country of Montenegro or people of Montenegrin ethnicity. Before the Yugoslav Wars the first description was more about the area of what today is Montenegro. Before the Yugoslav Wars the latter description was not widely used as before the Yugoslav Wars Montenegrins were not described as an ethnic group but rather as a geographical term.But Josip Broz Tito played off Montenegrin as an ethnicity. And when Montenegrins wanted independence from 2006-2010,this description became used by Montenegrins themselves.
On 11 September 2024, police in Malaysia started Operation Global (Malay:"") to investigate reports of child abuse and forced labor at homes and businesses linked to GISB Holdings. The operation rescued 625 victims, aged 2 to 28, and arrested 415 people. Sixty of those arrested were held under a special law for serious crimes. Background. GISB Holdings is a company linked to the banned group Al-Arqam. Al-Arqam was a religious group in Malaysia that was outlawed in 1994 because its teachings were seen as going against Islamic beliefs. The group’s leader, Ashaari Mohammad, claimed to receive divine messages and was accused of creating a cult-like following. The Malaysian government banned Al-Arqam to stop its influence. After the ban, former members of Al-Arqam set up GISB Holdings in 1997. The company started as a way for members to continue working together. It grew into a large business with many kinds of work, such as farming, restaurants, and property development. GISB operates in several countries and often promotes itself as a company that follows Islamic values. GISB, however, has faced many accusations over the years. Critics say the company uses children for work, forces women into early marriage, and pressures members to give all their money to the group. These claims have led to many investigations and lawsuits in Malaysia and other countries. GISB has always denied these accusations and says it is a lawful business. In September 2024, reports of abuse at GISB-run homes led to Operation Global, a major police action to rescue children and investigate the company. This event has brought new attention to GISB and its controversial past. Raids and arrests. On 11 September 2024, the Royal Malaysia Police (PDRM) raided 20 children’s homes run by GISB Holdings Sdn Bhd after receiving reports of abuse. The raids rescued 402 children, including boys and girls aged between one and 17 years old. Many of these children were believed to be the children of GISB members working abroad. Police said some children showed signs of physical and sexual abuse, including 13 cases of suspected sodomy.
K.V. Ramasamy Kounder (Tamil: கே.வி. ராமசாமி கவுண்டர்), also known as Thiyagi Kounder (தியாகி கவுண்டர்) was an unsung hero of Coimbatore during the Indian independence movement. He believed that the struggle for independence was not just the result of a few leaders' contributions but the culmination of the sacrifices of thousands of foot soldiers who transcended class, caste, and creed. As someone from an agricultural family, he recognized the significance of agriculture as India's backbone and encouraged people to take it up. He emphasized the importance of the soil and held great respect for agriculture. In the name of trade, the British set foot in our country, and their insidious plans to destroy our nation soon became apparent, The British deprived people of their birthright, instilled fear in them, and created a colonial ruling class. History. In 1930, the struggle was led by Periyaar Venkatraya Kounder, K.V. Ramasamy, K.V. Thandava Samy, Vishwamithran, Chellappa Kounder, Subbanna Kounder, and Kandappa Kounder, and they were subjected to brutal repression. K.V. Ramasamy collected donations for the Congress party, and he and his family wandered day and night with a yellow box until it was finally full, and the Congress won. KV Ramasamy Kounder played a significant role in India's struggle for independence from the British. He was an unsung hero from the Kongu region who came from an agricultural family and emphasized the importance of agriculture as the backbone of India. In 1938, he traveled with a friend on a bicycle to participate in the 31st Congress conference headed by Subhash Chandra Bose in Tripuri. In 1939, he protested against the British government's declaration that India had participated in the Second World War without consulting the Indian people. In 1930, he and other leaders