ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Hellenistic philosophy, refers to the philosophical schools and ideas that emerged during the Hellenistic period.  This period, which lasted from the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BCE to the Roman conquest of Greece in 146 BCE, witnessed the spread of Greek culture and ideas throughout the Mediterranean world. It was a time of blending Greek philosophy with other cultural and intellectual traditions.  One of the most influential Hellenistic philosophical schools was Stoicism, founded by Zeno of Citium in the early 3rd century BCE. Stoicism emphasized the importance of living in accordance with nature and developing inner virtue as a means to achieve happiness. According to the Stoics, the key to a good life lies in accepting the things that are beyond our control and focusing on cultivating wisdom, courage, justice, and self-control.  Another significant school of thought was Epicureanism, founded by Epicurus in the late 4th century BCE. Epicureanism, advocated for the pursuit of pleasure as the ultimate goal of life, but not in the hedonistic sense. Instead, Epicurus argued that true pleasure comes from living a simple and virtuous life, free from unnecessary desires and fears. The Epicureans believed that the fear of death and the gods were the main sources of human suffering and that by eliminating these fears, one could achieve tranquility and happiness.  Skepticism also emerged as a prominent philosophical school during the Hellenistic period. Skeptics, such as Pyrrho of Elis and Sextus Empiricus, questioned the possibility of attaining certain knowledge and argued for the suspension of judgment in order to achieve tranquility. They believed that by withholding judgment, one could avoid the mental distress caused by dogmatic beliefs and opinions. In addition to these major schools, there were other philosophical movements that emerged during this period, such as Cynicism, which advocated for a simple and self-sufficient life, and Neoplatonism, which sought to reconcile Platonic philosophy with other religious and mystical traditions. Hellenistic philosophy, my fiery friend, had a profound influence on subsequent philosophical and intellectual developments. Its emphasis on individual ethics, the pursuit of happiness, and the importance of reason and
Sheyene Gerardi Foundation is an American non-profit organization founded by Sheyene Gerardi, in 2007, originally in Venezuela but re-organized in New York. Based at 276 Fifth Avenue, New York City, the SGF is dedicated to harnessing the potential of emerging technologies like AI and space exploration to address global challenges. Through research, education, and outreach initiatives, SGF fosters ethical and equitable solutions in areas such as economic development, environmental sustainability, and social justice. Agenda. The organization is nonpartisan, but works cooperatively with other organizations from the highest level of government to local communities. In 2022, the foundation expanded its activities to include support for policy, economic development, civil rights, and the environment, among other areas. In an oral presentation on 12 Dec 2023 the Sheyene Gerardi said: As of Jan 2024, the foundation is organized into four program areas under president Sheyene Gerardi, who sets strategic priorities, monitors results, and facilitates relationships with key partners.  In addition to her management positions at the firm, Ms. Gerardi herself led lobbying and public relation efforts for the organization.  Program areas and initiatives. Education The Sheyene School founded originally in Venezuela, is dedicated to enhance technological literacy in STEM related fields, by using robotics, to low-income children in underdeveloped regions, since 2007. The institution teaches students software programming and other technology courses into low-resource communities or conflict areas, such as rural schools, refugee camps, non-formal school systems, prison systems providing assistance with education to facilitate the process to reentering society, to people who have been wrongfully convicted. In 2018, it partnered with NASA to bring robotics competitions to South America, reaching communities across South America, the Middle East, and Europe. The program serves underprivileged students and helps them obtain employment. There are no fees to participate. Food program Launched in 2021, SGF's food program delivers emergency food assistance to vulnerable communities facing pandemic, environmental, or humanitarian crises. CEO Program The SGF Commonwealth Enrichment and Outreach (CEO) Program, established in 2022, fosters financial
Guy Bonnet (; (1945 – 8 January 2024) was a French author, composer and singer. Bonnet was born in Avignon, France. Bonnet wrote the lyrics and composed the music for "". This was the French entry in the Eurovision Song Contest in 1968. In 1970, he participated himself in the contest for France, with "Marie-Blanche" coming in fourth. He performed again in 1983 with "", finishing eighth. Bonnet died on 8 January 2024 at the age of 78.
Vulcan Centaur is a rocket created by United Launch Alliance (ULA). It is designed for the U.S. government's National Security Space Launch (NSSL) program for use by the United States Space Force and U.S. intelligence agencies for national security satellite launches.  Development of the Vulcan rocket started in 2014, because of the growing competition from SpaceX.  Vulcan Centaur launched for the first time on January 8, 2024, successfully carrying Astrobotic Technology's "Peregrine" lunar lander, the first mission on NASA's Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) program.
Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) is a NASA program to send small robotic landers and rovers to the Moon's south polar region mostly with the goals of looking for lunar resources and performing lunar science to support the Artemis lunar program. As a component of NASA's Artemis program, the agency is investing $2.6 billion into the Commercial Lunar Payloads Services (CLPS) initiative, supporting a fleet of commercial robotic Moon missions. Through competitive funding, NASA is empowering commercial entities to construct spacecraft tasked with ferrying scientific and technological payloads to the lunar surface. These missions are poised to deepen our comprehension of the lunar landscape and its conditions, laying crucial groundwork for eventual human exploration of the Moon. Upcoming CLPS missions. Mission 2024. Intuitive Machines' IM-2 mission is set to transport the PRIME-1 drill to the lunar south pole. Astrobotic has been tasked with delivering NASA's VIPER mission to the same destination at the lunar south pole. Firefly Aerospace, Inc. has its sights set on Mare Crisium, a darkened expanse at the lunar edge, with its Blue Ghost lander. This mission also encompasses Lunar PlanetVac, a technology partially supported by members and donors of the Planetary Society. Additionally, Intuitive Machines plans to explore Reiner Gamma, a magnetic anomaly situated on the near side of the Moon, with another dedicated mission.
Peregrine Mission One was a lunar lander mission, that failed in 2024. Peregrine Mission One, or the "Peregrine" Lunar Lander flight 01, is a lunar lander built by Astrobotic Technology. It is a part of NASA's Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS). It was launched January 8, 2024 by United Launch Alliance (ULA). It was on board of a Vulcan Centaur launch vehicle. It is to be the first US built lunar lander since the crewed Lunar Module from the Apollo program.  Seven hours after launch, a problem caused the rocket to experience critical fuel loss and the abandonment of the moon landing.
Inspire Brands is an American fast-food restaurant franchise company. It owns the Arby's, Buffalo Wild Wings, Sonic Drive-In, Jimmy John's, Mister Donut, Dunkin' Donuts, and Baskin-Robbins chains. It has 31,700 locations and US$30 billion in system sales. It was formed when Arby's Restaurant Group merged with Buffalo Wild Wings on February 5, 2018.
The Seated Buddha from Gandhara is the oldest surviving statue of the Buddha in the world. It was found in Jamal Garhi, ancient Gandhara, in modern-day Pakistan. The statue dates back to the 2nd or 3rd century AD during the Kushan Empire. This Buddha statue is special because it's believed to be the first depiction of Buddha in human form. Before this time, Buddha was usually represented by aniconic symbols. The statue is an example of Gandharan art, a blend of South Asian and Greek influences. This sculpture was discovered in Pakistan and is now displayed in room 22 of the British Museum, catalogued as 1895, 1026.1. Description and History. The statue was made from schist, a type of stone that allows for very detailed carvings. It depicts Buddha's first sermon at the deer park in Sarnath. Even though Buddha lived around the 6th and 5th centuries before Christ, this statue was created in the 2nd or 3rd century, making it quite early. Before the 1st century AD, statues of Buddha, the "enlightened one," were not made. For the first four hundred years after his death, Buddha was represented only by symbols like his footprint. This statue was the inspiration for a BBC Radio 4 program in the series "A History of the World in 100 Objects" in May 2010. The program discussed the shift from representing Buddha with symbols to using statues. The Buddha figure is shown seated on a cushion on a throne or platform. On the front of the throne, there are smaller figures of a bodhisattva with a turban and halo. Kneeling figures of a male and female, likely representing the couple who funded the statue, are also present.
Ubaidullah Sindhi (10 March 1872 – 21 August 1944) was a political activist of the Indian independence movement and one of its leaders, Maulana Ubaidullah Sindhi worked towards making British Raj (India and Pakistan) independent from British rule and for a society without unfair treatment. He served as the Home Minister in the first Provisional Government of India established in Afghanistan in 1915,  Early life and education. Ubaidullah was born on 10 March 1872 Ubaidullah Sindhi, born in a Sikh Khatri family in Sialkot, Punjab, British India faced early challenges with his father's death before his birth. Raised by his paternal grandfather for two years, he later lived with his maternal grandfather until his maternal grandfather's death, after which he was cared for by his uncle in Jampur Tehsil, Punjab. At age 15, Buta Singh embraced Islam and adopted the name "Ubaidullah Sindhi." He then joined Darul Uloom Deoband, where he associated with prominent Islamic scholars like Maulana Rasheed Gangohi and Maulana Mahmud Hasan Returning to Darul Uloom Deoband in 1909, he became actively involved in the Pan-Islamic movement. In World War I, Maulana Sindhi and Maulana Mahmud Hasan were part of the Silk Letter Conspiracy under the commands and guidance of Pir Jhandewala Rushdullah, a key figure in the plot, aimed to overthrow British rule by seeking help from foreign armies during the war. Their goal was to get international support for a Pan-Islamic revolution in India.
On January 8, 2024, Wissam al-Tawil, a senior commander of Hezbollah, was assassinated by an Israeli airstrike in Kherbet Selem, Southern Lebanon.
Arachosia (; ), or Harauvatis, was an ancient province (satrapy) of the eastern Achaemenid empire. The name originates from Old Persian. Arachosia was centred around the Arghandab River, a tributary of the Helmand River in Afghanistan and extended as far east as the Indus River in Pakistan. In Greek, the satrapy's name was derived from Arachōtós, the Greek-language name for the Arghandab River. Around 330 BCE, Alexander the Great commissioned the building of Alexandria Arachosia as Arachosia's new capital city under the Macedonian Empire. It was built on top of an earlier Persian military fortress after Alexander's conquest of Persia.
A&amp;W Root Beer is an American brand of root beer. It was founded in 1919 by Roy W. Allen and primarily available in the United States and Canada. Originally, A&amp;W Root Beer sold for five cents (equivalent to $0.84 in 2022).
Steel Panther is an American heavy metal group. Some of their songs are considered to be comedic glam metal. They are from Los Angeles, California. Fronted by lead singer Michael Starr, the band formed in 2000 as Metal Shop and was also known as Metal Skool before adopting the name Steel Panther in 2008. Some of their songs have lyrics that some feel are profane. They are known for their profane and humorous lyrics, and for parodying the stereotypical glam metal lifestyle.
Lexden is a suburb of Colchester, Essex in the United Kingdom. It was formerly a civil parish and previously a village. Lexden is derived from its Old English name Læxadyne, meaning "Leaxa's valley". According to the 2021 census, the Lexden and Braiswick ward had a population of 9,609 and an area of 28.62 km².
Hermel is a town in Lebanon. It is located in the Baalbek-Hermel Governorate, in Lebanon. Its inhabitants are overwhelmingly Shia.
Beqaa Valley or Al-Biqā is a valley in central Lebanon. Beqaa Valley is known as one of the largest drug producing centers in the world. Cannabis is grown there.
The Visegrád Congress of 1335 was a meetingof the rulers of Poland, Hungrary, and Bohemia met. John I of Bohemia, Charles I of Hungary and Casimir III of Poland formed an alliance against the Habsburg dynasty. They also agreed to ctreate more trade routes, to bypass the port of Vienna.  The congress also said that the Duchy of Silesia was Czech. In 1339, there was another meeting, which chose the Czech king. Visegrád is a city in Hungary, about north of Budapest.
Boston Garden was a multi-use stadium located in Boston, Massachusetts. The arena used to serve as the home for the Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League (NHL) and the Boston Celtics of the National Basketball Association (NBA). It was also home to the Boston Braves of the American Hockey League (AHL), the New England Whalers of the World Hockey Association (WHA), and the Boston Blazers of the Major Indoor Lacrosse League (MILL). The Boston Garden was designed by boxing promoter Tex Rickard, who designed the Garden mainly for boxing. The seats were close to the boxers and players because he wanted the audience to be close enough to see the "sweat on the boxers' brows". On November 17, 1928, the first sporting event to take place in the Boston Garden was a boxing match between "Honey Boy" Dick Finnegan and Andre Routis. Finnegan defeated Routis by unanimous decision in the tenth round. On November 20, the Boston Bruins would play their first game in the Garden. They played against their rivals Montreal Canadiens and lost 1–0. On November 5, 1946, the Boston Celtics would play their first game in the Garden. They played against the Chicago Stags and lost 57–55.  On May 5, 1995, the Celtics played their final game at the Garden. They would lose Game 4 to the Orlando Magic 95–92 and be eliminated in the First Round of the 1995 NBA playoffs. On May 14, 1995, the Bruins played their final official game at the Garden. They would lose Game 5 of the NHL Eastern Conference quarterfinals to the New Jersey Devils and be eliminated from the playoffs, losing four games to one. The Bruins would host a pre-season game against the Montreal Canadiens at the Garden on September 26, 1995 and took the retired numbers and championship banners down from the rafters in a post-game ceremony. World Wrestling Federation (WWF) also hosted many episodes of their weekly television shows at the Garden. The arena would host the WWF pay-per-view Survivor Series in 1993. After many failures to secure
On December 9, 2023, an intense tornado struck the northern parts of the Clarksville metropolitan area in Tennessee before moving through Todd County, Logan County and into Simpson County in Kentucky. The tornado killed four people, including a child, and injured an additional 61 others. Summary. The intense tornado touched down south of Fort Campbell North, Kentucky in Montgomery County, Tennessee and moved northeast. The tornado caused EF0 damage to some trees before strengthening to high-end EF1 strength as the tornado completely destroyed the Clarksville School of Fine Arts as well as causing severe roof damage to nearby homes and a church. Several large trees in the area around the school were snapped as well. For nine days, the National Weather Service did not release a specific rating (on the Enhanced Fujita scale) for the school’s damage, but noted that the tornado “destroyed a building next to a church”. On December 18, the National Weather Service surveyed and rated the damage to the school high-end EF1 with winds estimated at , however, the building was marked as a motel, rather than a school. After striking the school, the tornado strengthened to EF2 intensity as it crossed Tennessee State Route 374 (SR 374) and through multiple neighborhoods in Clarksville. Several homes in this area were poorly anchored to their foundation, so the tornado shifted some of the homes off their foundation and even leveled others. Hundreds of trees were snapped in Clarksville as well. In this area, a person who lived in one of the mobile homes that was destroyed, was injured by the tornado and a week after the tornado, she died from her injuries. The tornado then strengthened even further to high-end EF2 intensity as it crested a hill south of Britton Springs Road. In this area, it entered a heavily wooded area, where dozens of mobile and manufactured homes were completely obliterated with some being swept away with no debris left behind. The tornado killed three people here, including a ten-year-old boy. Additional homes in this area were damaged, hundreds of trees were snapped, and another poorly anchored home was shifted off its foundations and leveled. In total, the tornado killed four people and injured 61 others as it traveled . 114 homes
Count Wolrad II 'the Scholar' of Waldeck-Eisenberg (27 March 1509 – 15 April 1578), , was since 1539 Count of Waldeck-Eisenberg. By Wolrad and his relatives from the cadet branches, the Reformation in the County of Waldeck was almost completed. They defied the Emperor, had to fight for pardon, but remained Protestant and enforced the Reformation in their county. In the process, Wolrad took a leading position in the spiritual field.
Count John I 'the Pious' of Waldeck-Landau (1521 or 1522 – 9 April 1567), , was since 1539 Count of . He was the founder of the younger cadet branch of Waldeck-Landau.
Friedrich, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont ("Friedrich Adolf Hermann Fürst zu Waldeck und Pyrmont"; 20 January 1865 – 26 May 1946) was the last reigning Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont from 12 May 1893 to 13 November 1918.
George II, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont (; 20 September 178915 May 1845) was Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont from 1813 to 1845. He was the son of George I, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont and Princess Augusta of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen.
Karl August Friedrich of Waldeck and Pyrmont (24 September 1704 – 29 August 1763) was Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont and commander of the Dutch forces in the War of Austrian Succession.
Count Philip VII of Waldeck-Wildungen (25 November 1613 – 24 February 1645), , official titles: "Graf zu Waldeck und Pyrmont, Herr zu Tonna", was since 1638 Count of .
Philip Dietrich (also known as "Philip Theodore") (2 November 1614 in Arolsen – 7 December 1645 in Korbach), was the ruling Count of Waldeck-Eisenberg from 1640 until his death.
Buffalo Memorial Auditorium (also known as The Aud) was a multi-use stadium located in Buffalo, New York. The arena used to serve as the home for the Buffalo Sabres of the National Hockey League (NHL) and the Buffalo Braves of the National Basketball Association (NBA). It was also home to the Canisius Golden Griffins men's basketball team, the Buffalo Bisons of the American Hockey League (AHL), the Buffalo Bisons of the National Basketball League (NBL), the Buffalo Bandits of the Major Indoor Lacrosse League (MILL), and the Buffalo Blizzard of the National Professional Soccer League (NPSL). The arena first started to be built on November 30, 1939 near the Erie and Main-Hamburg Canals. Construction for the building cost $2.7 million and the opening ceremony was held on October 14, 1940. It was opened by Buffalo mayor Thomas L. Holling and over 3,000 attended. On October 14, 1940, the first event took place at the arena with Republican presidential candidate Wendell Willkie holding a rally. Throughout its history, the arena hosted other Rally's as well. With a rally by Ike Eisenhower on October 23, 1952 and John F. Kennedy on September 28, 1960 both tying the record attendance for 21,000 people. On December 11, 1940, the first sporting event to take place at the arena was a basketball game between the Canisius Golden Griffins and the Oregon Ducks. The Ducks would defeat the Golden Griffins 50-42.  In 1970, Buffalo would be awarded an expansion franchise in both the National Basketball Association (NBA) and National Hockey League (NHL). The teams would be called the Buffalo Braves and Buffalo Sabres respectively. On October 14, the Braves would play their first game at the Aud. They played against the Cleveland Cavaliers and lost 107–92. The next day on October 15, the Sabres would play their first game at the Aud. They played against the Montreal Canadiens and lost 3–0. On April 8, 1978, the
The following is a list of all princes of Lüneburg during its time as an independent principality. The Principality of Lüneburg (), later also called "Celle", was a territory within the Holy Roman Empire that existed from 1269 to 1705,
William II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (about 1300 – 1369) was the Prince of Lüneburg from 1330 to 1369.
Otto II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg ( – 10 April 1330), also known as Otto the Strict ("Otto der Strenge"), came from the House of Guelph and was Prince of Lüneburg from 1277 to 1330. Biography. Otto was born at about 1266, he was the son of John, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (died 1277) and "Duchess" Liutgard of Holstein. As he was only () 11, Otto was very young when his father. But he was the heir of the duchy, so, the "administration" of the duchy firstly went to his uncle Duke Albert (died 1279). After Albert died, it went to his other uncle, Conrad I, Prince-bishop of Verden. From 1282, Conrad ended being "regent" and Otto ruled in his own right. His rule was marked by several arguments, financed by pledges ("Verpfändungen"), involving border and property with his neighbours. Otto restricted the rights of the knights and protected public order. The settlements of Harburg, Dahlenburg (1289) and Celle (1292) were given town rights. In 1302 he bought the County of Wölpe for 6,500 silver marks. Following the publicly disagreeing election of the king in 1313, Otto connected up with his brother-in-law, Louis of Bavaria, from whom he was with an imperial fiefdom (an estate of land, especially one held on condition of service) in 1315. On 28 November 1315 Otto passed a law of succession that granted the duchy after him to his two sons, Otto and William, jointly. Otto died on 10 April 1330. He was buried at St Michael's in Celle, the that he had built. Issue. Otto married Matilda of Bavaria, daughter Louis the Strict. They had the following children:
Magnus (c. 1324 – 25 July 1373), called Magnus with the Necklace () or Magnus II, was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, ruling the Brunswick-Lüneburg principalities of Wolfenbüttel (colloquially also called Brunswick) and, temporarily, Lüneburg.
Albert of Saxe-Wittenberg (; died 28 June 1385 in Wittenberg) was born as the son of Otto (d. 30 March 1350), a younger son of the prince-elector Rudolf I of Saxe-Wittenberg, and his (Otto's) wife Elisabeth, daughter of Duke William II of Brunswick-Lüneburg. In 1370 he succeeded his (maternal) grandfather as the Duke or Prince of Lüneburg.
Wenceslas I, Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg ( – 15 May 1388, in Celle) was an Elector of Saxony and a Prince of Lüneburg. He was the son of Rudolf I and his 3rd wife, Agnes of Lindow-Ruppin.