ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
The Opel Sintra is a large MPV produced by the German automaker Opel from 1996 to 1999. The Sintra is branded as Opel in Europe and Vauxhall in Great Britain. It was a European version of GM’s U-Body minivans and built on the same production line in Doraville, Georgia. The reason the Sintra was not a success was because EuroNCAP tested a 1998 model and found it only scored 2.5 Stars, forcing Opel and Vauxhall to drop the model in early 1999. The model was criticised for its dull styling and poor build quality as well as being unsatisfying to own. Because the Astra-Based Zafira MPV debuted when the Sintra finished production in 1999, sometimes it is said that the Zafira replaced the Sintra, but actually Opel never had another Large MPV after the Sintra and then eventually Opel abandoned the Large MPV market in Europe.
Opel Zafira is a car produced by the German carmaker Opel since 1999, and is branded as Vauxhall Zafira in Great Britain. Replacement of the Sintra. The Zafira is sometimes said to be the replacement of the Sintra, because it was introduced roughly around the same time it was discontinued. Also, they were both minivans. However, the Zafira was in a different segment, and Opel had not intended this.
Opel Vectra was a car produced by the German carmaker Opel from 1988 to 2008 and branded as Opel in Europe (except for the United Kingdom), Vauxhall in the United Kingdom and The Republic of Ireland, Holden in Australia and in New Zealand, and Chevrolet in Latin America. It was produced from August 1988 to September 2008, when it was replaced by the European Car of the Year award-winning Insignia. First Generation (1988–1995). The first generation was made between October 1988 and October 1995, it was sold In the UK as the third and last generation Vauxhall Cavalier. There was no estate/wagon version of it and was facelifted in 1992.  Second generation (1995–2002). The second generation was made between October 1995 and May 2002 and was sold as a Vauxhall in the UK. An estate/wagon version was added in October 1996 and was facelifted in April 1999. In the UK, the car was heavily criticised by well known motoring journalist and TV presenter Jeremy Clarkson, but that didn't stop it from being popular there.  Third generation (2002–2008). The third and final generation launched in June 2002 with hatchback and saloon/sedan models while the related Signum hatchback appeared in June 2003 with an estate/wagon launching that October, as usual, it's sold as a Vauxhall in the UK. It was facelifted in October 2005 and was replaced by the Insignia in late 2008.
Poison dart frog is the common name of a group of frogs in the family Dendrobatidae. They are native to Central and South America.  Unlike many frogs, poison dart frogs are active during the day. They often have brightly-coloured bodies, which act as warning colouration. All dendrobatids are at least somewhat toxic. In the wild, frogs of different species and in different places may have very different levels of toxicity. Many species are critically endangered.  Poison dart frogs are poisonous because they eat ants and other small insects that have toxins in their bodies. If an animal eats the frog, it will become very sick.  Toxicity. Many poison dart frogs secrete alkaloid toxins through their skin. Alkaloids in the skin glands of poison frogs serve as a chemical defense against predation. This lets them be active alongside potential predators during the day. About 28 structural classes of alkaloids are known in poison frogs. The most toxic species of poison dart frog is "Phyllobates terribilis". Poison dart frogs do not make their own poisons, but keep (sequester) the chemicals from arthropod prey, such as ants, centipedes and mites. This is the diet-toxicity hypothesis. Because of this, captive-bred animals do not have significant levels of toxins: they are reared on diets that do not have the alkaloids used by wild populations. Nonetheless, the captive-bred frogs can store up alkaloids if their diet has alkaloids.  Most wild species are not lethal to their predators, but rather taste foul enough that the predators release the frogs. Despite this, some predators can withstand the toxins used by some poison dart frogs. One is the snake "Leimadophis epinephelus", which has developed immunity to the poison. Taxonomy. Dart frogs are the focus of many studies. Their scientific names may sometimes change. Family Dendrobatidae was revised in 2006 and now has 12 genera, with about 170 species. Color morphs. Some poison dart frog species include a number of color morphs that evolved as recently as 6,000 years ago.  Predation
The golden dart frog ("Phyllobates terribilis") is a poison dart frog. It lives in the Pacific coast of Colombia. In captivity, poison dart frogs are not poisonous. It is in the wild where they are poisonous because of what they eat. This amphibian of the Dendrobatidae family is considered the most poisonous vertebrate in the world. The optimal habitat of "P. terribilis" is the rainforest with high rain rates (5 m. or more), altitude between 100-200 m, temperature of 26 °C, and relative humidity of 80-90%. "In a 20-gram white mouse, the minimal lethal dose of batrachotoxin/homobatrachotoxin is about 0.05 µg, when injected subcutaneously. Thus, one frog," P. terribilis", with typical 1100 µg of these compounds, contains enough poison to kill more than 20,000 mice. Although extrapolating toxicity parameters from mouse to man has errors, if we suppose that man is at least as susceptible as mice to these compounds, the lethal dose is about 180 µg for a person. Larger animals are often more susceptible to toxins that smaller organisms, so that the lethal dose for man may be even less. Myers et al. [1] anticipated a lethal dose of batrachotoxin for man of only 2.0 to 7.5 µg, when administered by injection.  "The oral potency of batrachotoxin is much lower; therefore, Indians can eat animals captured by their darts without of risk of intoxication. In additions, the small amount of poison used is metabolized and the metabolites are not poisonous; most importantly, cooking may also destroy the toxins, although not all toxins are heat labile". The high toxicity of "P. terribilis" may be due to eating small insects or other arthropods, and one of these may truly be the most poisonous creature on Earth. Scientists have suggested the crucial insect may be a small beetle from the family Melyridae. At least one species of these beetles produces the same toxin found in "P. terribilis". Their relatives in Colombian rainforests could be the source of the batrachotoxins found in the highly toxic "Phyllobates" frogs of that region.
The Ford F-Series is a series of pickup trucks produced by Ford Motor Company since 1948. It is currently in its fourteenth generation. The most popular variant of the F-Series is the F-150. It was the best-selling vehicle of its time, the most popular pickup truck for 23 years and the most popular truck for 33 years. This does not include combined sales of General Motors pickup trucks. Millions of the F-Series trucks were sold in the United States and other parts of the world, including Europe, Asia and Australia. For the 2010 model year, the SVT Raptor high-performance truck was introduced. Unlike its Lightning predecessor, it was a vehicle meant for off-road driving.
The European Council (referred to as a European Summit) is the highest political body of the European Union. It is made of all the heads of state or government of the Union's member states and with the President of the European Commission. The country which holds the Presidency of the Council of the European Union also leads its assemblies. The Council has no formal executive or legislative powers. It is an institution that deals with very important issues and any decisions made are "a major impetus in defining the general political guidelines of the European Union". The Council meets at least twice a year; usually in the Justus Lipsius building, the quarters of the Council of the European Union (Consilium) of Brussels.
Nicholas Jerry Jonas (born September 16, 1992) is an American singer-songwriter and actor. Jonas formed a band with his older brothers, Joe and Kevin, known as the Jonas Brothers. The group released their debut studio album "It's About Time". The band became a Disney favorite and later starred in "Camp Rock" (2008) and its sequel ' (2010) as well as two of their own series, ' (2008–2010) and "Jonas" (2009–2010). In 2017, Jonas appeared in the adventure comedy movie "". Jonas is married to Indian actress and singer Priyanka Chopra. In January 2022, the couple had their first child, via surrogacy. Discography. Solo albums with The Administration with the Jonas Brothers
Joseph Adam Jonas (born August 15, 1989) is an American singer-songwriter, and actor. He became known as a member of the pop rock band the Jonas Brothers, alongside his brothers Kevin and Nick. He starred in "Camp Rock" (2008) and its sequel ' (2010) as well as two television series, ' (2008–2010) and "Jonas" (2009–2010). After the Jonas Brothers officially split-up, Jonas formed the funk-pop band DNCE in 2015. The group became well known for their debut single "Cake by the Ocean", which peaked at number 9 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart in the United States. In 2019, he married English actress Sophie Turner and they have two daughters together. On September 5, 2023, Jonas filed for divorce from Turner.
INSEE () is the French national institute for Statistics and Economic studies. The INSEE was created in 1946. It replaced the National Statistics Service (SNS) which was created under the "Vichy government" during World War II. INSEE Code. INSEE codes (or COG) are given to Communes in France. They consist of 8 digits (numbers) but there is a simple version with 5 digits. The first two digits (3 for Overseas France) are the number of the department. The other 2 (or 3) numbers are the number of the commune. The INSEE code is not the same as the postcode.
In psychology, anhedonia (&lt; Greek αν- an-, "without" + ηδονή hēdonē, "pleasure" ) is not being able to feel pleasure. This may include not enjoying things like eating, exercise, watching movies, meeting friends, social activities, or sexual interaction and activity. In most cases, anhedonia is caused by mental disorders. It happens in some severe cases of depression and is a common symptom of schizophrenia, schizoid personality disorder and major depressive disorder.
The CFP franc (usually just called "franc") is the currency used in some of France's overseas colonies (French Polynesia, New Caledonia and Wallis and Futuna). It was created in December 1945. The initials "CFP" originally stood for "Colonies françaises du Pacifique" ("French colonies of the Pacific") but now officially stand for "Change Franc Pacifique" ("Pacific Franc Exchange"). There are 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 CFP franc coins and 500, 1000, 5000 and 10 000 CFP franc banknotes. An ordinance of September 15, 2021, which entered into force on February 26, 2022, defines the name CFP franc as the "franc of the French communities of the Pacific"..
Pierre Corneille (6 June 1606 – 1 October 1684) was a French playwright. He is one of the most famous 17th century French dramatists. Some others are Molière and Racine. He has been called “the founder of French tragedy” and produced plays for nearly forty years.
Jean Racine (22 December 1639 – 21 April 1699) was a French playwright. He was one of the most famous of the 17th century in France (with Molière and Corneille). Racine was mostly a tragedian, even though he did write one comedy.
Hurricane Iniki was the strongest hurricane to hit Hawaii, the 10th hurricane and the 7th major hurricane of the 1992 Pacific hurricane season. Iniki was a powerful hurricane that affected Hawaii, just weeks after Hurricane Andrew stuck Florida during the Atlantic hurricane season. History. The origin of Iniki is unclear, but it possibly began as a tropical wave that moved off the African coast on August 18. It moved westward across the unfavorable Atlantic Ocean and crossed Central America into the Pacific on the 28th. the shock wave continued to go west, and remained disorganized. Conditions slowly became more favorable, and, as the convection concentrated around a center, the wave was classified Tropical Depression Eighteen-E on September 5, located 1,700 miles (2700 km) southwest of Cabo San Lucas, Mexico or 1550 miles (2500 km) east-southeast of Hilo, Hawaii. The depression continued quickly westward and remained weak until the 8th, when it slowed enough to strengthen to a tropical storm. Iniki continued to get stronger and became a hurricane on September 9. It turned north towards Hawaii and became major Hurricane the next day. On September 11, Iniki peaked as Category 4 hurricane and hit Hawaii with wind of 145 mph. Hurricane Iniki rapidly weakened and went extra tropical Midway between Also and Hawaii. Preparations and Impact. The Central Pacific Hurricane Center (CPHC) failed to issue tropical cyclone warnings and watches for the hurricane well in advance. For several days prior to the disaster, the CPHC and the news media forecast Iniki to remain well south of the island chain, with the only effect being some high surf conditions. Some of the standard international computer models were indicating a northward turn towards the populated Hawaiian Islands, but these were rejected by the CPHC forecasters. CHPC Advisory #19 was issued at 11 AM local time on September 10, and suggested that a weakening Iniki would remain well to the south. It was not until a special bulletin was issued by the CPHC at 6:30 PM on September 10 - less
"Cinderella, or The Little Glass Slipper" is a fairy tale by Charles Perrault. It was first published anonymously in Paris in 1697 in "Histoires ou contes du temps passé" (), a collection of eight fairy tales by Perrault. The story is about a girl who was treated badly. Her fairy godmother helps her travel to a dancing party in a pumpkin coach. She leaves the ball at midnight and loses her glass slipper. A prince, who has fallen in love with her, finds her lost slipper and uses it later to find her. Similar European tales are found in Bonaventure des Periers's "New Recreations and Joyous Games" (1558) and Giambattista Basile's "Pentamerone" (1634-6). The Brothers Grimm included their version, "Aschenputtel", in "Children's and Household Tales" (1812). Tales similar to "Cinderella" exist in Chinese, Indian, African, Javanese, Australian, and Japanese literature and folklore. The tale has been adapted to the stage, movies, television, and other media. Story. A widower marries a very proud woman. She already has two daughters. They despise the man's daughter by his first marriage, but she is gentle and beautiful, They treat her meanly. She is told to do all the housework and sleeps in the attic. Cinderella's step-mother gave her that name because she sits in the chimney corner.  A prince gives a ball and all the high-status ladies are invited. Cinderella's stepsisters go to the ball. Cinderella stays at home crying. Her fairy godmother appears and changes a pumpkin into a golden coach to take Cinderella to the ball. The fairy turns mice, lizards, and a rat into horses and coachmen by waving her wand. She gives Cinderella a gown of gold and silver and slippers made of glass. She orders Cinderella to return home by midnight because that's when the charm ends. Cinderella goes to the ball. Everyone is amazed. The prince gives her special attention. Her stepsisters do not recognize her. She leaves
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a type of psychotherapy which helps people change unhealthy thoughts and behaviors. Cognitive behavioral therapists teach their patients to use coping skills (healthy ways to deal with problems). They also show their patients how their thoughts are not accurate. These unhealthy thought patterns are called cognitive distortions. CBT says that these inaccurate thoughts lead to unhealthy feelings and behaviors. By changing these thoughts, patients can change how they feel and act. CBT combines parts of cognitive therapy and behavior therapy. Using this combination of therapies, CBT helps patients to identify problems in their lives and tries to help them feel better.  CBT is a common treatment for mood disorders. It is popular because it works well, has a clear structure, and is based on common sense. Research shows that CBT works better than any other treatment for people with depression and anxiety. After completing 5 - 15 modules of CBT, 50 - 75% of people with depression and anxiety feel better. Medication alone also works, but science still does not understand how these medications affect the brain and body over time. Also, some evidence says that CBT costs less than medication in the long run. However, when medication and CBT are used together, patients with mental illnesses get the best results. In particular, antidepressants paired with CBT could prevent people with depression from getting depressed again in the future. CBT can also treat personality disorders, post traumatic stress disorder and eating disorders. Therapists can do CBT with a single patient, in a therapy group, or online. History. In the early 1900s, Austrian psychotherapist Alfred Adler suggested that therapists should pay attention to their patients’ cognitions (the way they think). He talked about how making basic mistakes can make people feel bad. Adler’s work inspired American psychologist Albert Ellis to develop rational emotive behaviour therapy in the 1950s. This was one of the earliest forms of cognitive therapy.  In the 1950s and 1960s, American psychiatrist Aaron T. Beck developed a cognitive model of mental illness, which would later become a part of CBT. This cognitive model says that people feel bad
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR; also called Adaptive Information Processing / AIP) is a form of psychotherapy developed in the late 1980s by Dr Francine Shapiro, Ph.D. It involves thinking about traumatic events while engaging one or more of the senses (taste, touch, sight, sound, and/or smell). This might involve moving the eyes back and forth, hearing certain sounds, tasting certain things, being touched, or using pleasant scents. According to Shapiro, this method can help people address unprocessed emotional trauma that is hurting them physically or emotionally. The process is intended to 'un-embed' traumatic memories from the brain and help a person move on from the emotional or physical pain they are feeling. Use. EMDR has been used to treat survivors of rape, family violence, physical or verbal abuse, first-responder shock, chronic pain, combat, hurtful memories, select health issues, and unresolved, hurtful life experiences. It has been tested and researched in a large number of organizations since it was first published in 1987. Today, there are EMDR trainers and trainings internationally. Over 10,000 psychologists and therapists in the United States are qualified to practice EMDR. Treatment process. EMDR therapy combines different elements to maximize treatment effects. Shapiro describes the theory behind EMDR, research, and the treatment process in detail in her 2001 book "Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Basic principles, protocols and procedures." (2nd edition) New York: Guilford Press. EMDR therapy involves attention to three time periods: the past, present, and future.  It addresses past traumatic events and disturbing memories of them. It also addresses current situations that cause distress. Finally, it aims to teach skills and attitudes that will help build future success. The EMDR model addresses these items are addressed using an eight-phase treatment approach. Phase 1. The first phase is one or more history-taking session(s).  The therapist assesses the client's readiness and develops a treatment plan.  Client and therapist identify possible targets for EMDR processing.  These include
An analog-to-digital converter (abbreviated ADC, A/D or A to D) is an electronic integrated circuit that converts a continuous quantity to a discrete time digital number. An ADC may also provide an isolated measurement. The reverse operation is performed by a digital-to-analog converter (DAC). Typically, an ADC is an electronic device that converts an input analog voltage or current to a digital number. The size of the number grows with an increase in the input voltage or current. However, some non-electronic or only partially electronic devices, such as rotary encoders, can also be considered ADCs.
In electronics, a digital-to-analog converter (abbreviated DAC or D-to-A) is a device for converting a digital (usually binary) code to an analog signal (current, voltage or electric charge). An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) performs the reverse operation.
PT Boats were motor torpedo boats ("PT", for "Patrol Torpedo"). They were small, fast ships used by the United States Navy in World War II to attack larger surface ships. The PT boat squadrons were nicknamed "the mosquito fleet". They were exceedingly nimble, relatively expendable to the larger fleet, and carried torpedoes that featured a remarkable destruction-to weight ratio. John F. Kennedy famously served on one of these. His boat was run over and sliced in two by an enemy destroyer. Navies often used destroyers to combat these cheap but dangerous surface craft.
The Peace Corps is an independent United States federal agency. The Peace Corps was started by Executive Order 10924 on March 1, 1961, and allowed by Congress on September 22, 1961, with passage of the Peace Corps Act (Public Law 87-293). The first president of the Peace Corps was Sargent Shriver. The Peace Corps Act says the purpose of the Peace Corps is:  “to promote world peace and friendship through a Peace Corps, which shall make available to interested countries and areas men and women of the United States qualified for service abroad and willing to serve, under conditions of hardship if necessary, to help the peoples of such countries and areas in meeting their needs for trained manpower.” Since 1960, more than 190,000 people have served as Peace Corps volunteers in 139 countries.
The Great Society was a set of programs proposed or enacted in the United States by President Lyndon B. Johnson. Two main goals of the Great Society were to end poverty and to end racial discrimination. New major spending programs that dealt with education, medical care, urban problems, and transportation were started during this period. The Great Society was like the New Deal domestic plan of Franklin D. Roosevelt, but had very different programs. Medicaid and Medicare were implemented to help poor Americans. President Lyndon B. Johnson’s Great Society was the largest expansion of spending programs since the Great Depression. Many of the programs that exist can be attributed to the passage of the Great Society.
The Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) was a plan created by U.S. President Ronald Reagan on March 23, 1983 to use ground and space-based systems to protect the United States from attack by nuclear ballistic missiles. The initiative focused on defense instead on the offensive mutual assured destruction (MAD). It was nicknamed "Star Wars" by the public and by critics, a reference to the "Star Wars" space opera movie series, because they regarded the program as science fiction, extremely expensive, and for creating tensions with the Soviet Union and for increasing the arms race.
Circa is Latin for "around" or "about". It is often used to show when something approximately happened. It is often shortened to c., ca., ca or cca. Science. Estimated values of different units may also begin with "circa" in research reports and scientific articles, for example, "it involved "c." 450 kg of carved ivory". The "c." means that it was an estimated value based on an average value or any other coefficient that the researcher will generally define in the methodology. Encyclopedia. An encyclopedia entry may begin with "circa" in the date of birth. For instance, Genghis Khan (c. 1162 – August 18, 1227 AD). The "c." means that he was born in about 1162, but the exact date is not certain. Sometimes the "circa" symbol is italicized to show that it is not in the English language.