ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Airdrie is a city in the Canadian province of Alberta. The population of Airdrie was 85,805 in 2024. The city was first established as a railway village in 1889 during the construction of the Calgary and Edmonton Railway and is named after Airdrie, Scotland.
, also known as a "10-cm" gun, was a cannon of the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA). It was used during World War II.  This artillery piece was used during the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II. It was intended to supersede the Type 14 105 mm cannon in front line combat service. History. A Type 92 prototype was completed in 1932. Less than 200 Type92s were made. Combat record. The cannon was first used in combat at the Battle of Nomonhan. In 1942, it was used during the Bataan and Corregidor Island. On Guadalcanal, the US Marines called these guns "Pistol Petes".
Yamato () is a city in central Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. It has been recognized as a special city since 2000. Geography. Yamato is in the plains of north-central Kanagawa Prefecture.
is a Japanese prefecture at the western end of the Chūgoku region on the island of Honshū. The capital is the city of Yamaguchi.  History. The area of Yamaguchi Prefecture includes the old provinces of Suō and Nagato. Geography. Yamaguchi is at the southern end of Honshū. The Sea of Japan forms its northern coastline; and the Seto Inland Sea is on its southern coast. Its northeastern border meets Shimane Prefecture and Hiroshima Prefecture. Cities. There are 13 cities in Yamaguchi, including National Parks. National Parks are established in about 7% of the total land area of the prefecture. Shrines and Temples. "Tamanoya jinja" and "Sumiyoshi jinja" are the chief Shinto shrines ("ichinomiya") in the prefecture.  "This list is not finished; you can help Wikipedia by adding to it."
Infantry guns are designed to give direct support for infantry forces. They fire a range of shells, usually directly at their target. Most are lightweight and can be manhandled for limited mobility to accompany infantry. Self-propelled infantry guns. Self-propelled infantry guns named Assault guns are guns mounted in armored vehicles designed to provide direct fire support for infantry and armored forces. Typically, the gun is mounted in the hull and the front of the vehicle most heavily armored.
The Orion nebula, or Messier 42, M42, or NGC 1976, is a diffuse nebula. It is visible to the naked eye in the night sky. It is exceptionally bright because it has O-type stars at its core. They are the hottest and brightest stars. The nebula is south of Orion's Belt in the constellation of Orion. M42 is 1,344 ± 20 light years away from us. It is the closest region of massive star formation to Earth. Big as it is, the Orion nebula is just part of an even larger star-forming area known as the Orion complex. Stellar nursery. The nebula is a huge stellar nursery. 700 stars are in the process of forming there. At its heart is a very young open cluster, known as the Trapezium because of the pattern formed by its main stars.  Recent observations with the Hubble Space Telescope have shown protoplanetary disks inside the Orion Nebula. This is a major discovery. They are called "proplyds" for short. There are more than 150 of these in the nebula. They are thought to be to be systems in the earliest stages of planetary system formation. The sheer numbers have been used as evidence that the formation of star systems is fairly common in the universe. Stars form when clumps of hydrogen and other gases in an H II region contract under their own gravity. As the gas collapses, the central clump grows stronger and the gas heats to extreme temperatures by converting gravitational potential energy to thermal energy. If the temperature gets high enough, nuclear fusion will start, and form a protostar. The protostar is 'born' when it begins to emit enough energy to balance out its gravity and halt gravitational collapse.
Bulacan is a province in the Philippines. Its capital is Malolos City. It is in the northern island of Luzon. It is surrounded by the province of Pampanga in the west; Nueva Ecija in the north; Aurora and Quezon in the east; and Metro Manila in the south.  It is an historic place in the Philippines. Many Filipino heroes and political persons come from Bulacan. It was also the former seat of the national government. Geography. Bulacan is divided into 4 cities and 20 municipalities (towns) as of December 17, 2022:
CTV Television Network (commonly referred to as CTV) is a Canadian English-language television network. CTV stations. CTV has many TV stations around Canada. Some of them include: CTV Two. Since the 2007 acquisition of A Channel by CTVglobemedia as part of the takeover of CHUM Limited, media analysts had speculated that CTV may potentially extend its market-leading CTV brand to that network. It was first rebranded as A in 2008, then as CTV Two on August 29, 2011.
Viral video is a video that is distributed by Internet users by voluntarily posting it on their pages, resources, or using the “share with a friend” function. This is usually done through websites, social media, and e-mail. Viral videos are often humorous and follow a script similar to TV comedies, although they may simply contain a well-captured moment or a ridiculous situation. The proliferation of camera phones has made it possible for amateurs to shoot a multitude of videos. The availability of low-cost or free video editors, as well as publishing platforms, makes it possible to make a video shot on a mobile phone go viral and distribute it via email or websites, as well as between phones via Bluetooth or MMS. History of origin. The ideas and human behavior that make a video go viral have been known to mankind since prehistoric times, and their sociological aspects are studied in the context of mimicry and semiotics. Viral video spreads with the so-called word-of-mouth effect, which is actively used by marketing companies. YouTube, Funny or Die, and others were the first channels for distributing this type of video, and now almost any video hosting service contains a collection of viral videos, while before that such videos were sent by e-mail. One of the very first viral videos, The Spirit of Christmas, was made in 1995. In 1996, the video “Dancing baby” was released as an example of 3D character visualization. A viral video usually contains some kind of clue, a point that attracts the attention of viewers. Such clues can then continue to spread on the Internet even beyond the video itself, turning into a meme. Recently, due to the fact that digital technology has become accessible to everyone, there has been a surge in viral videos, mainly on platforms such as Youtube. Social manifestations. Internet celebrities. Websites such as YouTube often create internet celebrities, people who have become popular because of videos they make in their homes and beyond. Sometimes the spread of such videos has unexpected consequences: thanks to videos from various sources that have gone viral, many online celebrities have become popular offline. Music promotion. Youtube has played a big role in the careers of many musicians. Many independent musicians as well
The Kootenay Ice were a Canadian professional ice hockey team that played from 1998 until 2019. They played in the Western Hockey League (WHL). They played their home games in Cranbrook, British Columbia at the Western Financial Place. The team was originally known as the "Edmonton Ice" from 1996 to 1998 before it moved to Cranbrook in 1998. The team won 1 Memorial Cup in 2002 and 3 Ed Chynoweth Cups in the 1999-00, 2001-02 and 2010-11 seasons. On January 29, 2019, the Ice said they would be moving to Winnipeg. They moved at the end of the 2018-19 season.
Red Deer is a city in the Canadian province of Alberta. The population of Red Deer was 100,844 in 2021. The mayor of Red Deer is Ken Johnston.
A dungeon is a room or cell in a castle to keep prisoners. Most dungeons are underground, others are high up in towers. An oubliette is a type of dungeon that can be entered by using a trapdoor in the ceiling. People were thrown into an oubliette from the ceiling and left there to starve or dehydrate to death, making it akin to immurement. A dungeon is known to be a place to keep prisoners, but can also be used as a place to store wine or other things that can be cooled. In medieval times, dungeons were used to keep prisoners to torture and try to get information, or just to punish them for doing or saying something that typically went against societies beliefs or practices.
The Daughter of the Regiment () is a comic opera in two acts. The French libretto was written by Jules-Henri Vernoy de Saint-Georges and Jean-François Bayard. The music was composed by Gaetano Donizetti. The opera is famous for the tenor aria "Ah! mes amis, quel jour de fête!" It features nine high Cs. The opera was first performed on 11 February 1840 by the Paris Opéra-Comique at the Salle de la Bourse. It was performed at the Metropolitan Opera in 1902/03. The role of Marie was a favorite with Jenny Lind. Story. Act 1. The Marquise of Berkenfeld and her butler, Hortensius, are on their way to Austria. They pause in their journey because a skirmish has broken out. The Marquise learns that the French troops have retreated. She comments on the rude manners of the French people ("Pour une femme de mon nom"). The sergeant of the 21st regiment, Sulpice, assures everyone that his men will restore peace and order. He is joined by Marie, the "daughter" of the regiment. She is an orphan and was adopted by the soldiers. Sulpice questions her about a young man she has been seen with. She explains that he is Tonio, a Tyrolean who once saved her life. Troops of the 21st arrive with a prisoner. It is Tonio. He has been looking for Marie. She steps in to save him. He toasts his new friends, and Marie sings the regimental song (""Chacun le sait"). Tonio is ordered to follow the soldiers. He escapes and returns to declare his love to Marie. Sulpice surprises them. Marie must admit to Tonio that she can marry only a soldier of the 21st. The Marquise asks Sulpice for an escort to her castle. When Sulpice hears the name Berkenfeld, he remembers a letter he found near the young Marie on the battlefield. The Marquise soon admits that she knew the girl's father. She says that Marie is
Salvatore Cammarano (also Salvadore) (19 March 1801 – 17 July 1852) was an Italian librettist and playwright. He is probably best known for writing the text of "Lucia di Lammermoor" (1835) for Gaetano Donizetti. He was born and died in Naples. For Donizetti he also wrote "L'assedio di Calais" (1836), "Belisario" (1836), "Pia de' Tolomei" (1837), "Roberto Devereux" (1837), "Maria de Rudenz" (1838), "Poliuto" (1838), and "Maria di Rohan" (1843). For Giuseppe Persiani he wrote "Ines de Castro". For Verdi he wrote "Alzira" (1845), "La battaglia di Legnano" (1849) and "Luisa Miller" (1849). He had almost finished his libretto for "Il trovatore" (1853) when he died in July 1852. It was completed by Leone Emanuele Bardare. Cammarano started a libretto for William Shakespeare's "King Lear", named "Re Lear". He died before completing it. A scenario survives.
Tuenti is a mobile operator brand owned by the Spanish company Tuenti Technologies, S.L.U. Telefónica bought 100% of the company back in 2011. Before, Tuenti was also the most popular social network in Spain between 2009 and 2012 with up 15 million registered users. Tuenti works in Spain as a full virtual mobile operator (MVNO) using Telefónica's mobile network. Tuenti was launched by Telefónica in Latin-America in 2014 as a whole new brand.
Sofía Margarita Vergara Vergara (born July 10, 1972) is a Colombian-born American actress, comedian, television host and model.  She is best known for her role on the ABC comedy series "Modern Family" as "Gloria Delgado-Pritchett", for which she was nominated for two Golden Globe Awards, two Primetime Emmy Awards, and three Screen Actors Guild Awards for Best Comedy Actress. Her first big English role was 2002 film "Big Trouble".  As of 2020, Vergara has been one of the celebrity judges on the talent show "America's Got Talent".
In Gaza, same-sex sexual activity is criminalized and carries a maximum penalty of 10 years imprisonment. In addition, in the Palestinian territories there are no laws that specifically protect LGBT people from discrimination (not being treated equally because they are LGBT) or harassment. However, the Basic Law of the Palestinian Constitution claims to give all Palestinians certain freedoms. It covers freedom of belief, freedom of expression, and freedom of bodily integrity. It also gives Palestinians freedom from discrimination "because of race, sex, color, religion, political views, or disability". The Basic Law also protects people's human rights. In other countries, people have used these types of laws and freedoms to argue that LGBT rights should exist. In the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, the Palestinian Authority has not made laws either for or against homosexuality. Instead, the President of the Palestinian Authority decided to keep the laws that were already in place in the Gaza Strip and West Bank. On May 20, 1994, he ruled that laws that took effect before June 5, 1967 in these areas would not be changed. The laws are also more complicated because the Palestinian territories have been ruled by many different foreign powers, like the Ottoman Empire, the British Empire, Jordan, and Egypt. Each of these foreign powers, along with Israel, created their own laws for the Palestinian-occupied Israeli territories. Because of the many different laws that have been in place there, the legal situation in the territories is confusing. Sometimes, the criminal law about homosexuality is used in the territories. At other times it is not. It can be different in the different territories.
Vladivostok () is a city on the Pacific Ocean shore of the Russian Far East. Vladivostok was founded on 2 July 1860. The east end of the Trans-Siberian railway is there. The city is the home of the Russian Pacific Fleet. The population of the city at the census of 2019 was 605,049. The highest point of historical part of Vladivostok is Eagle's Nest Hill (199 m), but the highest point of Vladivostok City District is unnamed mountain named by citizens as Blue Hill (474 m).  Vladivostok was controlled by the Russian Empire from 1860-1917, ruled by Tsar Alexander II,Tsar Alexander III of Russia and Tsar Nicholas II. British, Japanese, and other foreign intervention forces controlled the city during the Russian Civil War. Bolshevik Red Army forces of the Soviet Union took control in 1922 and the Russian Federation has ruled it since 1991. It is the main economic and cultural center of the Russian Far East and an important tourism destination.
Cathy Cassidy (born 13 June 1962) is an English author of teenage books mainly based on domestic fiction. At the age of eight she wrote her first picture book for her brother, Jake. During her childhood, Cathy loved to create comics. She would often rent out comics to her friends for 5 pence, claim them back and then rent them out again to someone else. School life and early career. Cathy attended an art college in Liverpool as a young adult. After passing her degree, Cathy worked for the "Jackie" Magazine, as a fiction editor. Cathy has taught as an art teacher in a number of schools - 7 primary and some secondary. She illustrates many of her books and has done so for all her books in a series of Daisy Star. Personal life. Cassidy lives in Galloway, Scotland, with her husband Liam and her two children, Caitlin (aged 17) and Calum (aged 19). Cathy has been a veggie for 35 years and a vegan for eight of them. She has a lurcher, named Kelpie, who inspired the dog Legg-It in "Dizzy", her first book. Writing career. Cathy Cassidy has currently written fourteen books. Her first book was Dizzy published in 2004, followed on by Indigo Blue, published in 2005. At the age of 50, Cathy Cassidy's last books were Marshmallow Skye and The Chocolate Box Girls. Works. She has also written three mini-books: Cathy is also currently writing three new additions to the "Chocolate Box Girls" series, named: 'Summer's Dream', 'Coco Caramel' and 'Sweet Honey', based on the other Tanberry sisters. The plots for 'Coco Caramel' and 'Sweet Honey' have not been confirmed yet, however, 'Summer's Dream' plot has been confirmed.
The French Revolutionary Wars are conflicts between 1792 and 1802 that started by the French Revolution in which France fought Britain, Austria, Prussia, Russia and several other countries that were called monarchies. There are (mostly) two conflicts: the War of the First Coalition (1792–1797) and the War of the Second Coalition (1798–1802). The fighting was at first mainly in Europe but then spread across the world. After ten years of fighting, France took much land from what is now Italy, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Germany and gave up Louisiana, which is now in the United States and Canada. Because France won the wars, it spread revolutionary ideas across much of Europe.  The French Revolution removed the King of France, King Louis XVI, from power. As early as 1791, the other monarchies of Europe hated the French Revolution and wondered if they should intervene to stop the revolution from spreading, or they should take advantage of the disorder in France. Austria put many troops next to its French border and, together with Prussia, threatened France if it hurt King Louis and his wife, Queen Marie Antoinette in the Declaration of Pillnitz. After Austria refused to move its troops away from the French border or to stop threatening France, a French declaration of war on Austria and Prussia happened in the spring of 1792. Both countries then invaded France, but France won the Battle of Valmy in September. The victory gave the National Convention, a new French government, the confidence to get rid of the monarchy. France won more battles but was stopped after it was defeated at Neerwinden, now in Belgium, in the spring of 1793. France lost more battles for the rest of the year, and the difficult times allowed the Jacobins to rise to power and start the Reign of Terror, which killed people who opposed the revolution.  In 1794, the situation was very good for France, which won huge battles against the Austrians and the Spanish. That started a new stage in the wars. By 1795, the French took land in much of present-day Belgium from Austria and land in much of the present-day Netherlands from
Raoul Gustaf Wallenberg (4 August 1912 – disappeared 17 January 1945) was a Swedish businessman and diplomat. He helped save about 100,000 Hungarian Jews from being killed by the Nazis in 1944, during the Holocaust in World War II. He often risked his life, and later won worldwide admiration for his heroic eforts. Background. Wallenberg was born in Kapptsta, near Stockholm. He was a member of a prominent family of bankers and industrialists. He visited Hungary on business in the early 1940s, during World War II. Wallenberg became increasingly disturbed by the plans of Nazi leader Adolf Hitler to kill all the Jews of Europe. In 1944, the World Jewish Congress and the American War Refugee Board asked Wallennberg to help and he agreed to go to Hungary to save the remaining Jews there. Rescue of Jews. The Swedish government sent Wallenberg to serve as a diplomat in Budapest, Hungary's capital. He gave Swedish passports to about 20,000 Jews, allowing them to ask for the protection of the neutral Swedish government. He also protected Jews in houses he bought or rented with his own money or money from the groups that had sent him. Wallenberg, a Lutheran, was assisted by Roman Catholic and other non-Jewish leaders. Adolf Eichmann, a Nazi official who directed the sending of Jews to concentration camps, ordered Wallenberg to stop interfering with German plans for the Jews. Wallenberg said no. Eichmann tried to have Wallenberg killed, but he was not killed. In the final days before the liberation of Budapest by Soviet soldiers, Wallenberg persuaded the Nazis to stop a plan to kill 70,000 Jews who were forced to live in a ghetto (separated part) of the city. Arrest and death. In January 1945, Soviet forces arrested Wallenberg. They apparently believed he was an American spy. In 1957, the Soviet government reported that Wallenberg had died of a heart attack in prison in 1947. But several people said that they saw him alive in Soviet prisons and hospitals after 1947. In 1981, the United States Congress made Wallenberg an honorary U.S. citizen.
, also known as a "32-cm" gun, was a mortar of the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA). It is an example of a type of artillery called "spigot mortars". History. This artillery piece was used by the Japanese military during World War II. Combat record. During World War II, the IJA had 12 Type 98s at the Battle of Iwo Jima. The Type 98 mortars were also used on Okinawa.
The was a howitzer of the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA). Each infantry battalion was issued Type 92s. For this reason, Type 92s were called . History and development. The Type 92 was available to front line divisions by 1932. Combat record. This artillery piece was used by the Imperial Japanese Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II.
Georg Friedrich Bernhard Riemann (17 September 1826 near Hanover 20 July 1866 Selasca, Italy) was a German mathematician. He had a short life and did not write down very much about his discoveries, but the things he discovered were all extremely important and had a revolutionary effect on mathematics. He contributed to many fields of mathematics, such as analysis, geometry, mathematical physics and number theory. Today, many people see him as a great mathematician. He was among the first mathematicians that worked on complex analysis. The kind of geometry he started (which is called Riemannian geometry today) is one of the bases of the theory of relativity, developed by Albert Einstein. Life. Childhood. Bernhard Riemann was the second child in a family of six children. His father was a Lutheran pastor. The family was very poor and did not have much to eat. Several of the children died, and Bernhard always had poor health. His parents were loving, but he was a very shy boy. Later in life he had to try very hard to be brave enough to speak in public. His father was one of his first teachers. The young boy was very keen to learn about everything. When he was ten he had a specialist maths teacher, but he was often better at maths than his teacher. When he was 14, he went to Hanover where he lived with his grandmother so that he could go to a Gymnasium school. His father wanted him to be a priest, but Bernhard was much too shy to preach to people. In the end he let him study maths. There is a well-known story from Riemann’s school days. The school director, Milo Mizner, excused him from maths lessons because the lessons were much too easy for him. Bernhard asked the director whether he could borrow a difficult maths book to read, so the director lent him "Théorie des Nombres" (Theory of Numbers) by . This was a huge book with maths that was so difficult that only a few people in the world would have understood it all. The director was disappointed when the boy brought the book back after only six days. He
The , also known as a "10-cm" gun, was a howitzer used by the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA).  History and development. Type 91s began to be made in 1931.  Combat record. Type 91 howitzers were used in the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II.
The Saskatoon Blades are a Canadian professional junior ice hockey team that began playing in 1964. They play in the Western Hockey League. The Blades are the longest team to stay in the WHL in the 48-year history of the League. They play their home games in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan at the 15,195 seat SaskTel Centre. They were originally founded in 1964 to be a part of the Saskatchewan Junior Hockey League but transferred leagues when the Western Hockey League was founded in 1966. They have never won the Ed Chynoweth Cup.