ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
The Chelidae are a family of freshwater turtles. They are "side-necked turtles". The family is distributed in Australia, New Guinea, parts of Indonesia, and throughout most of South America. It is a large family of turtles, and its fossil history goes back to the Cretaceous.  The family Chelidae has about 60 living species in about twenty genera. The family is entirely Gondwanan in origin, with no members found outside Gondwana, either now or as a fossil. They are called side-necked turtles because they withdraw their heads by moving the head sideways (see Pleurodira). Other turtles, if they withdraw their heads, pull them back in the vertical plane.  The subfamilies within Chelidae show that most of the South American species and all the Australian species are a clade, that is, evolved from the same ancestor (monophyly. The far more ancient turtle genus "Hydromedusa" is their sister taxon. Nowadays, all these species live in fresh water, but we know from the fossil record that many of their forebears lived in seas around the world.
David Louis Bartholomew (December 24, 1918 – June 23, 2019) was an American Hall of Fame rock and roll musician, bandleader, composer, arranger and record producer. His career was based in New Orleans.  He was known for his partnership with Fats Domino. Their best known songs were "Goin' Home" and "Ain't That a Shame".  Bartholomew's other hit songs as a composer include "I Hear You Knocking", "Blue Monday", "I'm Walkin'", "My Ding-A-Ling", and "One Night". He is a member of the Songwriters Hall of Fame, the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and the Louisiana Music Hall of Fame. Bartholomew died on June 23, 2019 in New Orleans of heart failure at the age of 100.
Siviriez is a municipality of the district Glâne in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. History. On 1 January 1978, the former municipalities of Villaranon and Le Saulgy merged into the municipality of Siviriez and on 1 January 2004 the former municipalities of Prez-vers-Siviriez, Villaraboud and Chavannes-les-Forts merged into Siviriez.
Villaz-Saint-Pierre was a municipality in Glâne in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. On 1 January 2020, the municipalities La Folliaz and Villaz-Saint-Pierre joined together to become the new municipality Villaz.
Paul Dundes Wolfowitz (; born December 22, 1943) is an American political scientist and diplomat. He was the 10th President of the World Bank, United States Ambassador to Indonesia, U.S. Deputy Secretary of Defense, and former dean of the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies at Johns Hopkins University. He was said to be a leading neoconservative. After serving two years, he resigned as president of the World Bank Group due to scandals.
Vuarmarens was a municipality in Glâne in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. History. On 1 January 2006, Esmonts became part of Vuarmarens. On 1 January 2012, Vuarmarens became part of Ursy.
Alexandra "Sandy" Ratcliff (2 October 1948 – 7 April 2019) was an English actress. She was best known for being one of the original cast members in the BBC soap opera "EastEnders" in the 1980s. She portrayed played Sue Osman but left the role in 1989, after it was revealed that she was addicted to heroin and alcohol. Ratcliff was born in London. Ratcliff died in her sleep at her home in London on 7 April 2019, aged 70.
Nikolai Stepanovich Gorbachev (, ; May 15, 1948 – April 9, 2019) was a Soviet-born Belarusian sprint canoer. He competed in the early to mid-1970s. He won a gold medal in the K-2 1000 m event at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich. Gorbachev also won three medals in the K-4 10000 m event at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a gold (1974) and two bronzes (1971, 1975). Gorbachev died on April 9, 2019 at the age of 70.
James David Hudnall (April 10, 1957 – April 9, 2019) was an American writer. He was born in Santa Rosa, California. Hudnall began his career in the comic book field in 1986 with the series "Espers", published by Eclipse Comics He later worked for Marvel and DC on such titles as "Alpha Flight", ', and his own creation "Interface", which was a sequel to "Espers". He also wrote graphic novels such as ', "Sinking", "Streets" and "The Psycho". Hudnall had diabetes, which in 2015 led to the amputation of his right leg. He died April 9, 2019, one day before his 62nd birthday.
Charles Lincoln Van Doren (February 12, 1926 – April 9, 2019) was an American writer and editor. He was known for being involved in a television quiz show scandal in the 1950s.  In 1959 he testified before the United States Congress that he had been given the correct answers by the producers of the show "Twenty-One". He was fired by NBC, he joined the Encyclopedia Britannica in 1959, becoming a vice president and writing and editing many books before retiring in 1982. Van Doren died in a retirement community in Canaan, Connecticut on April 9, 2019 at the age of 93.
Vuisternens-devant-Romont is a municipality of the district Glâne in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. History. It was created on 1 January 2003 when the municipalities of Estévenens, Villariaz, Lieffrens, Sommentier, Les Ecasseys, La Magne and La Joux joined together to become the new municipality, Vuisternens-devant-Romont. Since 2004, La Neirigue became a part of Vuisternens-devant-Romont.
Earl Thomas Conley (October 17, 1941 – April 10, 2019) was an American country music singer-songwriter known for many hit records, including his 1981 top hit "Fire and Smoke" ("...what a rush I got..."). Between 1980 and 2003, he recorded ten studio albums, including seven for the RCA Records label. He had more than 30 hit records, along with his hit-single "Holding Her and Loving You". As a songwriter, he also wrote popular songs for other singers, with Mel Street's number 13 hit "Smokey Mountain Memories" or Conway Twitty's song "This Time I've Hurt Her More". Throughout his career, Conley's music was called the "thinking man's" country. This is because the narrator looks into the heart and soul of his characters in each song. Conley died on April 10, 2019 in Nashville, Tennessee from problems caused by dementia at the age of 77.
Whitewash, also called calcimine, kalsomine, calsomine, or lime paint, is a type of paint.  Whitewash is made of slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) and chalk (calcium carbonate). It is used to make surfaces white. It protects and presents a clean surface. Whitewash may be used to paint the outsides and the insides of homes and other buildings. Other things may be added to whitewash, such as water glass (sodium silicate), glue, egg white, Portland cement, salt, soap, milk, flour, and soil. To change the colour of whitewash, people used different materials. For example, pig's blood was used to make whitewash pink, and blue laundry dye was used to make whitewash blue.
Carloforte (italian: comune) is a town and "comune" (municipality) in the Province of Sud Sardegna in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 6,215 people lived there. Its area is 51.1 km². It is 10 meters above sea level.
Nughedu San Nicolò ("Nughèdu") is a town and "comune" (municipality) in the Province of Oristano in Sardinia, Italy. As of 2016, 819 people lived there. Its area is 67.89 km². It is 577 meters above sea level.
Magnetostatics is the study of magnetic fields in systems where the electric currents are steady (not changing with time). Magnetostatics is widely used in magnetic storage devices such as in computer memory. Magnetostatic focussing can be got by a permanent magnet or by passing a current through a coil of wire whose axis coincides with the beam axis.
A language border or language boundary is the line separating two languages. The two languages must be different enough for speakers to not understand each other. If the speakers do understand each other, there will be a dialect continuum with no exact border, and the languages will mix with each other. A language island is a language area that is fully surrounded by a language border.
Edmundo Dante Lévano La Rosa, also known as César Lévano (December 11, 1926 – March 22, 2019) was a Peruvian educator, journalist, writer, teacher and poet. He was director of the Peruvian newspaper Perfil. He was also a professor at the National University of San Marcos. In 2011, he received the Annual Human Rights Award from the National Coordinator of Human rights. In 2014 he assumed the management of Diario UNO, previously called "La Primera", and resigned in September 2018 due to lack of payments.
Roger D. Moore (November 16, 1939 – March 21, 2019) was an American computer scientist. He worked in the design and implementation of APL. Moore was a cofounder of I. P. Sharp Associates and held a senior position in the company for many years. Before this, he worked at Stanford University and wrote the ALGOL 60 compiler for the Ferranti-Packard 6000 and the ICT 1900. Moore and his associates helped many people to see well/ better/ clearer with glasses. Many people are legally blind/ struggle to physically open their eyes without their glasses or a glass like structure nearby.
Redlands (Serrano: "Tukut") is a city in San Bernardino County, California, United States. It is a part of the Greater Los Angeles area. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 73,168. The city is located about east of San Bernardino. The City of Redlands is home to the only museum west of the Mississippi River dedicated to Abraham Lincoln. The shrine hosts major events and reenactments each year honoring Lincoln's birthday in February and the delivery of the Gettysburg Address in November.  Other notable sites include the San Bernardino County Museum, the Asistencia Mission de San Gabriel, Kimberly Crest historic home, Prospect Park, and the shopping and dining district around State Street. The city is also home to the longest running free outdoor music concert series in the U.S. Redlands has a long history dating back to Victorian times. In fact, many of the homes and businesses date to the late 1800s. Newer neighborhoods have sprung up west, north and east of the historic downtown. However, the Redlands Mall is now a defunct mall.  The University of Redlands, a major private university, is located in Redlands. At one time, this school was a Christian institution. But it became secular in the mid 20th century. The church that once met at the university, Packinghouse Christian Fellowship, still has an active congregation and hosts Christian musical guests almost every weekend.  In recent years, Redlands has become accessible as a weekend destination from Los Angeles, thanks to Metrolink service.  From a climate perspective, Redlands is in a favorable position, somewhat protected from strong Santa Ana winds and wildfires. However, the area is very close to the San Andreas and San Jacinto fault zones.
Boris Anatolievich Dubrovin (; 6 April 1950 – 19 March 2019) was a Russian mathematician. He was awarded the Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences in 1984. He worked at the Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA). His works focused on geometry and non-linear equations. Dubrovin died on 19 March 2019 from ALS at the age of 68.
was a Japanese singer, record producer, and actor. His career lasted for 60 years. He was a major figure in Japanese popular music. He appeared in many movies, such as Nagisa Ōshima's "Merry Christmas, Mr. Lawrence". He also starred in the American movie "Black Rain". On May 13, 2011, Uchida was arrested for assault and trespassing after threatening his former girlfriend.  Uchida died from pneumonia in a Tokyo hospital on March 17, 2019, aged 79.
Katherine Boyer Waterston (born March 3, 1980) is a British born-American actress. Her first feature movie was the legal thriller movie "Michael Clayton" (2007). In the movie "Steve Jobs", she played Chrisann Brennan. Waterston had a starring role as Tina Goldstein in "Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them" (2016). Waterston has won several awards for her acting. Waterston was born in Westminster, London, England.
Billy Joe "Red" McCombs (October 19, 1927 – February 19, 2023) was an American businessman and philanthropist. McCombs is the founder of the Red McCombs Automotive Group in San Antonio, Texas, a co-founder of Clear Channel Communications, chairman of Constellis Group, a former owner of the San Antonio Spurs, San Antonio Force, Denver Nuggets and the Minnesota Vikings. He is on the Forbes 400 list of richest Americans. He is also known for his philanthropy. McCombs died at his home in San Antonio on February 19, 2023, at the age of 95.
Spur is a city in Dickens County, Texas, United States. The population was 863 at the 2020 census. Spur is located in southern Dickens County at (33.477650, -100.857018).  According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all land.
Homo luzonensis is the name given to some fossil bones of a hominin. The place of discovery was in the north of Luzon, a large island in the Philippines. The remains are about 67,000 years old. They are small bones and teeth from Callao Cave. Researchers think they are from a hitherto unknown species. At least one expert, Aida Gómez-Robles, "is hesitant to unequivocally say the find represents a new species". Discovery. The archaeologist who found the remains is Armand Mijares. He had dug in Callao Cave in 2003, but he stopped at a little more than one meter deep. He said that the discovery of "Homo floresiensis", a hominin from about 50,000 BP found in Indonesia in 2004, led him to return to the cave in 2007. About a meter and a half below where he had stopped before, his team found fossil bones. One of the bones was a human metatarsal, a foot bone. At first, Mijares thought the fossil bone could belong to a small "Homo sapiens". But after more digging in 2011 and 2015, he and his team recovered more bones and some teeth. These remains from at least three individuals were seen as too different to belong to "Homo sapiens". Therefore, scientists working on the material have said it is a new species.
Zoë Kravitz (born December 1, 1988) is an American actress, singer and model. She is the daughter of musician Lenny Kravitz and Lisa Bonet. She is of African-American, Afro-Bahamian and Ashkenazi Jewish (from Belarus, Moldova, Poland, Russia and Ukraine) descent. Kravitz first acted in the 2007 movie "No Reservations". She is known for her role as Catwoman in the 2022 movie "The Batman". Career. Kravitz' first big role was as Angel Salvadore in the 2011 superhero movie "". She later had supporting roles in movies, like "The Lego Batman Movie" and the "Harry Potter" spin-off movie "Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them". She also acted in independent movies, like "Dope" in 2015 and HBO's drama "Big Little Lies". Kravitz was the face of Vera Wang's "Princess" fragrance in 2009. She later modeled for "Elle" magazine. Kravitz is with the group Lolawolf. Lolawolf is an American contemporary R&amp;B and electropop duo. They released their first album, "Calm Down", in 2014. The band toured with Miley Cyrus, Lily Allen and others. In October 2019, she was cast as Catwoman in the 2022 crime-thriller movie "The Batman". Kravitz was born in Los Angeles, California. Awards. Kravitz was ranked one of the best dressed women in 2018 by fashion website Net-a-Porter.
The cephalothorax, also called a prosoma, is the body part of some arthropods where the head and the thorax are one. It is common in crustacea and chelicerates. The cephalothorax may be covered with a tough carapace.
Every Canadian with income must file an income tax return every year. People earning a small amount are exempt from this requirement. Unlike Americans, Canadian citizens who live outside Canada are exempt from filing an income tax return and paying taxes to Canada, unless their income is derived in Canada. The income tax returns are assessed by Canada Revenue Agency (CRA). Sometimes the filer must pay and other times they get a refund. Most employees pay income tax in advance through employer deductions. This is called tax withholding. When tax witholding exceeds the income tax due for the year, the employee can get a refund when filing their tax return. Income tax in Canada is very complex. The Income Tax Act contains over over one million words The deadline for filing an income tax return is April 30th of the following year. Those who owe money to the government and miss the deadline pay interest on the amount owed plus a penalty.
Dmitri Petrovich Savitski (; 25 January 1944 – 11 April 2019) was a Soviet-born Russian-French writer and poet. He was well known for his novels "Waltz for K" and "From Nowhere with Love". His books were written in Russian, and translated into languages such as French, English and Italian. He also hosted the radio program "49 Minutes of Jazz". He hosted the Radio Liberty jazz review was from 1989 to 2004. He was born in Moscow. Savitski lived in France. He died in Paris on 11 April 2019, at the age of 75.
Trent John Alexander-Arnold (born 7 October 1998) is an English professional footballer. He plays for Premier League club Liverpool and the England national team. He plays as a right-back. Alexander-Arnold is an academy graduate of Liverpool. He made played his first senior game for Liverpool in 2016, aged 18. He has since made over 70 appearances and won the club's Young Player of the Season award in 2017 and 2018. He won the 2018–19 UEFA Champions League with Liverpool, starting in the final. Alexander-Arnold represented England at all youth levels from under-16 through to under-21. He then played his first senior game for his country in June 2018. He played for England at the 2018 FIFA World Cup. "England score listed first, score column indicates score after each Alexander-Arnold goal" Honours. Liverpool England Individual
Cathryn Rose "Casey" Wilson (born October 24, 1980) is an American comedian, actress and screenwriter. She played Penny Hartz in the ABC sitcom "Happy Endings". For that, she was nominated twice for a Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series. Wilson's other major work includes "Julie &amp; Julia", "Gone Girl" and "The Meddler". On "Saturday Night Live", she had a two-season acting job from 2008 to 2009. Wilson was born in Alexandria, Virginia.
Andrew Henry Robertson (born 11 March 1994) is a Scottish professional footballer. He plays for Premier League club Liverpool and captains the Scotland national team. He plays as a left-back. He was born in Glasgow. Robertson started his senior career with Queen's Park in 2012. A year later, he joined Dundee United a year later. He joined English club Hull City in July 2014 for a fee of £2.85 million. In July 2017, he joined Liverpool in July 2017 for a believed fee of around £8 million. In his first season with Liverpool, Robertson played in the final of the 2017–18 UEFA Champions League, losing 3–1 to Real Madrid. In his second season with the club, he won the 2018–19 UEFA Champions League, with his side defeating Tottenham Hotspur 2–0 in the final. Robertson has played for Scotland since May 2014. He became captain of his country in September 2018. Honours. Dundee United Hull City Liverpool
Thomas Smith (5 April 1945 – 12 April 2019) was an English footballer. He played as a defender. He was born in Liverpool. Smith was best remembered for his time at Liverpool for 16 years from 1962 to 1978. He was known for his firm defensive style. Manager Bill Shankly once said of him: "Tommy Smith wasn't born, he was quarried". He was also nicknamed the "Anfield Iron". His most memorable moment for the club probably came when he scored Liverpool's second goal in the 1977 European Cup Final against Borussia Mönchengladbach. He also played at club level for Tampa Bay Rowdies, Los Angeles Aztecs and Swansea City. He played once for England, in 1971. Smith had dementia in his final years. He died on 12 April 2019, at the age of 74.
Irwin L. Jacobs (July 15, 1941 – ) was an American businessman. He was the CEO of several large corporations, formerly including the now-bankrupt Genmar Holdings. In 1973, Jacobs founded COMB ("Close-out Merchandise Buyers"). Jacobs, based in Minneapolis, became wealthy by taking big stakes in Fortune 500. Jacobs and his wife were found dead with multiple gunshot wounds on the bed in a bedroom of their Orono, Minnesota home on the morning of April 10, 2019. A handgun was found with them and the Hennepin County Medical Examiner said that Irwin Jacobs shot his wife and then himself.
Ian Cognito (born Paul Barbieri, 21 November 1958 – 11 April 2019) was an English stand-up comedian. Many said his comedy was like Lenny Bruce, Bill Hicks, and Jerry Sadowitz but had no presence in the mainstream media because of his ill-tempered persona.  Cognito won the Time Out Award for Stand-up Comedy in 1999.  Cognito died on 11 April 2019 of a heart attack during a comedy gig in Bicester. He was 60.
Dina (born Ondina Maria Farias Veloso; 18 June 1956 – 12 April 2019) was a Portuguese pop singer. She was best known for her participation in the 1992 Eurovision Song Contest. She was born in Carregal do Sal, Portugal.  Dina first entered the Portuguese Eurovision selection, "Festival da Canção", in 1980, finishing eighth with "Guardando em mim". She participated again in 1982 with two songs, but could only manage sixth and eighth. Dina finally got her chance in 1992, when her song "Amor d'água fresca" ("Fresh Water Love") won the competition and went forward as the Portuguese representative in the 37th Eurovision Song Contest. She finished in 17th place. Dina died on 12 April 2019 in Lisbon from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis at the age of 62.
Alvis Forrest Gregg (October 18, 1933 – April 12, 2019) was an American football player and coach. He played in the National Football League (NFL), the Canadian Football League and the NCAA.  Gregg was a Pro Football Hall of Fame offensive lineman for sixteen seasons. Gregg was head coach of three NFL teams (Cleveland Browns, Cincinnati Bengals, and the Packers), as well as two Canadian Football League teams (Toronto Argonauts and Shreveport Pirates). As a head coach, he led the 1981 Bengals to the Super Bowl, where they lost to the 49ers by a score of 26–21. Gregg died on April 12, 2019 of complications from Parkinson's disease in Colorado Springs, Colorado, aged 85.
Wendy Joan Williams (born July 18, 1964) is an American talk show host, writer, producer, businesswoman, and former radio show host. She has been inducted into the Radio Hall of Fame. She currently hosts the Emmy Award-nominated talk show, "The Wendy Williams Show", that has been aired for ten seasons. She is known for her catchphrase, "How you doin'?" Williams has been open about her past drug use, particularly with cocaine. In April 2019, Williams suffered an alleged alcohol relapse. Later that month, she filed for divorce from her husband of over two decades, Kevin Hunter, who is also her manager. They share a son, Kevin Jr., born in 2000. In February 2024, it was announced that Williams was diagnosed with aphasia and frontotemporal dementia.
Raymond Neal Clemence (5 August 1948 – 15 November 2020) was an English professional footballer. He played as a goalkeeper. He was born in Skegness, Lincolnshire. He is one of only 25 players to have made over 1,000 career appearances. Career. Clemence is best known as part of the Liverpool team from 1967 to 1984. He started his career with Scunthorpe United. He was signed by Liverpool manager Bill Shankly in June 1967. He won five league titles, two domestic cups, two UEFA Cups, three European Cups and other trophies with Liverpool. His final game for Liverpool was in the side's 1–0 win in the 1981 European Cup Final against Real Madrid. He then played for Tottenham Hotspur. He won three trophies with Tottenham, including an FA Cup and a UEFA Cup. Clemence played for the England national team. He played his first game against Wales in 1972. In total, he made 61 appearances for his country. Personal life and death. Clemence's son, Stephen, was also a footballer. Clemence had prostate cancer, first making it known to the public in 2005. He died in Corby, Northamptonshire, on 15 November 2020. He was 72.