ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
A McMuffin is a breakfast sandwich from McDonald's, a popular fast food chain. The main one is the Egg McMuffin, made by Herb Peterson in 1972. It looks like eggs benedict, a classic American breakfast with English muffins, ham, eggs, and hollandaise sauce. The Egg McMuffin has a cracked Grade A egg on a toasted English muffin with real butter, Canadian bacon, and American cheese. The Egg McMuffin is a quick breakfast to eat, with 310 calories. Even though it seems simple, it actually has nearly 50 ingredients.
Introspection is the process of examining and reflecting on one's own thoughts, emotions, and experiences. This introspective journey has played an important role in philosophy and psychology throughout the ages. Historical evolution. Introspection was a part of ancient philosophies. It was important in Greek philosophy; Socrates's wrote that "know[ing] thyself" was the key to wisdom. In the 19th century, introspective psychology was developed. Introspective psychology. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, introspection became a key part of psychology. Thinkers like Wilhelm Wundt and Edward B. Titchener developed introspective psychology. Its goal was to study conscious thinking by having individuals reflect on their inner experiences. Participants were asked to describe their thoughts, emotions, and sensations in response to various stimuli. However, this method was criticized for being subjective rather than objective. Critics argued that introspection was unreliable as a scientific tool because people have biases and cannot consciously access certain mental processes. Modern impact on philosophy. Introspection is still a topic of interest in contemporary philosophy. Philosophers explore the nature of self-awareness, consciousness, and the reliability of introspective knowledge. Questions about the relationship between introspection and external reality are an important part of debates within the philosophy of mind. Modern impact on psychology. While introspective psychology declined, its influence persists in modern psychology. Contemporary approaches, such as cognitive psychology, acknowledge that self-reflection plays an important role in understanding mental processes. However, the emphasis has shifted towards more objective methods, including behavioral observations and neuroscientific techniques. Challenges and advances. Introspection in philosophy and psychology has changed and faced challenges over time. Researchers continually try to find objective ways to measure introspective insights so they can better understand the human mind.
Ruald Strydom GCOB (born 1985) is a South African entrepreneur and philanthropist. He started CEO GOLF. In 2023, Strydom received the Order of the Baobab (Grand Counsellor of the Baobab) from the President of South Africa, Matamela Cyril Ramaphosa. This award recognized his important work as a philanthropist globally. The Order of the Baobab is a prestigious honor in South Africa. It is given to individuals who have made significant contributions to democracy and the betterment of South African lives. Early life and education. Strydom went to Barberton Primary School and Barberton High School. Awards and recognition. South African National Order; The Order of the Baobab (GCOB) (2023).
(1867-1927) was a prominent figure in the field of psychology, best known for his role in developing structuralism, a school of thought that aimed to understand the basic elements of human consciousness. Born in Chichester, England, Titchener's intellectual pursuits led him to become a key figure in the early days of experimental psychology in the United States. Life and early career. Titchener began his academic journey at Malvern College in England before crossing the Atlantic to further his studies at Cornell University in the United States. Under the mentorship of the renowned psychologist Wilhelm Wundt, Titchener delved into the world of experimental psychology. He later earned his doctorate at Leipzig University, solidifying his foundation in the emerging field. In 1892, Titchener returned to Cornell as a professor, where he would leave an indelible mark on the landscape of psychology. Throughout his career, he exhibited a passion for understanding the intricacies of the human mind through systematic observation and experimentation. Structuralism and Titchener's approach. Titchener's most significant contribution to psychology lies in his development and promotion of structuralism. This school of thought aimed to analyze the fundamental components of conscious experience, breaking it down into its basic elements or "structures." Titchener believed that by identifying and understanding these elements, one could comprehend the complexities of the mind. To explore these mental structures, Titchener relied heavily on introspection, a method where individuals would reflect on their thoughts and experiences. Subjects were asked to describe their sensations, feelings, and perceptions in response to specific stimuli, allowing Titchener to build a systematic framework for understanding the mind. Legacy and criticisms. Despite its influence, structuralism faced criticisms, and Titchener's reliance on introspection drew skepticism from other psychologists. The approach's subjectivity and the challenge of replicating findings limited its impact on the broader field. Titchener's death in 1927 marked the decline of structuralism, giving way to other psychological perspectives. While structuralism may not dominate contemporary psychology, Titchener's contributions paved the way for the development of psychological theories and methodologies. His dedication to the scientific exploration of the mind continues to be recognized and studied, making Edward B. Titchener a notable figure in the history of psychology.
Subansiri's tree frog ("Polypedates subansiriensis") is a frog. It lives in India. Scientists saw this frog near a river, 1550 meters above sea level.
mital-U is a record label from Switzerland. It started in 1996 by Bruno Waser. Some of the artists on the label are Crazy, , The Vyllies, and mittageisen. History. In 1980, Bruno Waser produced the first Swiss punk LP (Crazy). Then, he produced more records for the band Crazy and the dark-wave band mittageisen. In 1991, Bruno released a compilation CD for Crazy. In 1994, he released an album for mittageisen called alles ist anders ... nichts hat sich geändert (everything is different ... nothing has changed). In 1995, Bruno saw that the Internet could be good for sharing independent music. So, he started mital-U. In the following years the indie label produced records for bands like , , and The Vyllies. mital-U also released music videos like by Grauzone (2011) and by mittageisen (2015). They're also involved in video projects about alternative music and subcultures. Artists. mital-U works or has worked with these artists:
Butch Cassidy (born Robert LeRoy Parker; 1866-1908) was a famous outlaw in the American Wild West. He led the Wild Bunch gang, the largest and best-known group of outlaws in the western United States. They became infamous for committing daring stagecoach, train, and bank robberies throughout various Western states. Pursued by the Pinkerton Detective Agency for more than a decade, Cassidy and his longtime partner, Harry Longabaugh (also known as the Sundance Kid), fled to South America in 1901. Seven years later, they were killed in a shootout with lawmen.  Butch Cassidy and the Wild Bunch gang quickly became a legend in the United States. Their story has been heavily featured in American literature and film. Early life. Butch Cassidy was born Robert LeRoy Parker on April 13, 1866 in Beaver, Utah Territory. His parents, Maximillian Parker and Ann Campbell Gillies, were English immigrants. Maximillian was one of the first Mormon emigrants to the Utah Territory, and Cassidy was raised Mormon, but was not particularly religious. He was the oldest of 13 children, and his family struggled financially.  Cassidy attended school sporadically, and often got into trouble for fighting and stealing. He left home for the first time at age 13 and worked on a nearby ranch to earn money for his family. He ran away from home several times and worked as a farmhand, a cowboy, a butcher, and a miner. He also traveled to different states, such as Colorado, Wyoming, and Montana, where he encountered the lawless frontier life. Cassidy was influenced by his grandfather, who was a pioneer and a scout, and his father, who was a rancher and a hunter. They taught him to ride, shoot, and track animals. He also developed a love for reading and adventure stories. First crimes. Cassidy's criminal career began in his late teens when he started stealing ("rustling") cattle and horses. In 1884 he was arrested for the first time and charged with stealing a saddle in Lander, Wyoming. He was acquitted by a sympathetic jury, but he decided to change his name to Butch
The title Master of Arts (MA) holds a unique significance in the academic traditions of prestigious universities such as Oxford, Cambridge, and Dublin. This designation, however, differs from the conventional understanding of a postgraduate degree in many other educational institutions. Background. The origins of the Master of Arts title in these renowned universities trace back to  medieval times. In the early days, scholars who completed their Bachelor of Arts degree were automatically granted the title of "Master" as a mark of scholarly achievement and competence. Over time, this tradition evolved, and the title became a symbol of academic distinction. In Oxford, Cambridge, and Dublin, the Master of Arts is not typically earned through further coursework or examinations, as is common in other universities. Instead, it is often considered as a status or a recognition of the individual's standing within the academic community. Procedure. Upon completing a Bachelor of Arts, graduates from Oxford, Cambridge, or Dublin are eligible to apply for the conferment of the MA degree. The process is generally straightforward, and there are no additional academic requirements. The conferral is based on the assumption that the graduate has continued to engage in scholarly activities or has contributed significantly to their field of study since completing their bachelor's degree. Significance. While the Master of Arts from Oxford, Cambridge, and Dublin may not represent postgraduate studies in the traditional sense, it carries historical and cultural importance. It signifies a level of intellectual accomplishment and is often seen as an acknowledgment of one's commitment to the pursuit of knowledge. Usage. Interestingly, the use of the MA title is not universal across these institutions. For instance, at Cambridge, the MA is conferred automatically, and graduates are entitled to use the title without any formalities. In contrast, at Oxford and Dublin, individuals need to apply for the MA, and there may be associated fees. In conclusion, the Master of Arts from Oxford, Cambridge, and Dublin represents a distinctive aspect of academic tradition, reflecting centuries-old practices. It is a title that goes beyond the conventional structure of postgraduate degrees, embodying a historical connection to the roots of higher education.
Moroccans () are the citizens and nationals of the Kingdom of Morocco. The country's population is predominantly composed of Amazigh (the indigenous people of North Africa), and Arabs, who arrived in Morocco in the 7th century during the Islamic conquests. Notable Berber tribes in Morocco include the "Baranis" and the "Masmuda", while Arab tribes include the "Banu Ma'qil" and the "Rahamna". Moroccans speak Berber varieties which make 26% of the population of Morocco, either as a first language or bilingually with Arabic. Three different Berber dialects are spoken: Tarifit, spoken by 1.27 million mostly in the Rif mountains, Shilha, spoken by 3 to 4.5 million mostly in the Anti-Atlas mountains, and Central Atlas Tamazight, spoken by 2.3 million mostly in the Middle Atlas. Hassaniya Arabic is spoken in the southern part of the country, spoken by over 200,000 people.  Almost all Moroccans follow the religion of Islam. According to "WorldAtlas", 30% of Moroccans are non-denominational Muslims, while two-thirds belong to the Sunni denomination. Other minority religions include Christianity, Judaism and Bahá'ísm. Culturally, Moroccans practice the folklore equestrian tradition of tbourida.
Amerika Samoa is the regional anthem of American Samoa. It was officially adopted as American Samoa’s national anthem. It was composed by Napoleon Andrew Tuiteleleapaga and its lyrics by Mariota Tiumalu Tuiasosopo.
The Australian Science and Mathematics School (ASMS) is a mixed-gender public high school for grades 10-12, located at Flinders University in Adelaide, South Australia. It's open to students from anywhere, including overseas. The school focuses on getting students ready for university, especially in science and math, and uses a unique teaching approach that encourages students to love learning and manage their own education. Overview. The Australian Science and Mathematics School (ASMS) is a public, coeducational high school for students in grades 10-12, located at Flinders University in Adelaide, South Australia. Open to students from all over, including internationally, it aims to prepare them for university, focusing on science and math. The school promotes self-directed learning and a passion for education among both students and teachers. School Features. Opened in 2003, ASMS has around 380 students and doesn't enforce a uniform policy to encourage cultural and social diversity. It benefits from a strong partnership with Flinders University, sharing many facilities and resources like the library and cafeteria. The school also collaborates on research projects through the Science and Technology Enterprise Partnership (STEP). Curriculum. ASMS specializes in science and mathematics but provides a broad curriculum that meets the South Australian Certificate of Education (SACE) requirements. It features interdisciplinary studies for younger students and standard subjects for Year 12. Notably, the school organizes a "Field Trip Week" for practical learning experiences. Adventure Space/Passion Project. For Year 10 and 11 students, ASMS offers the Passion Project (previously called Adventure Space), allowing them to explore areas such as dance, robotics, and paleontology. These projects, while not graded, offer students a chance to delve into personal interests and engage with the university environment.
"Jesus, Take the Wheel" is a song by American singer Carrie Underwood from her debut studio album, "Some Hearts" (2005). Music video. The music video for "Jesus, Take the Wheel" was directed by Roman White. It premiered on CMT on November 24, 2005. The video debuted at number 18 on CMT's "Top 20 Countdown" for the week of January 5, 2006. The video peaked at number 1 on CMT's "Top Twenty Countdown" for two consecutive weeks in March 2006.
"Temporary Home" is a 2009 song by country artist Carrie Underwood and is the second single from her third studio album "Play On". It went to number 41 in the United States and number 65 in Canada. It also went to number 1 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts. It was nominated for a Grammy Award in 2011. Music video. The music video for "Temporary Home" was directed by Deaton-Flanigen. It premiered on CMT on February 4, 2010. It made history on CMT's Top Twenty Countdown for being at number one for consecutive eight weeks.
The 1920 Revolution Brigades were a Sunni militant group in the country of Iraq mainly made up of members of the former members of the Iraqi army from the rule of Saddam Husayn (l.a). The group was established by former members of the Iraqi army in 2003 at the start of the invasion of Iraq by US forces. The group used explosives and attacked members of the United States Armed Forces and Kata'ib Hezbollah (n.a) The group was named after the Iraqi Revolt of 1920. Organization split. On March of 2007, somem mebers of the brigades broke off the group to create Hamas of Iraq. In a speech issued on the 18th of March 2007, the 1920 Revolution Brigades announced that it had split into two seperate brigades "Islamic Conquest" and "Islamic Jihad". Islamic Jihad renamed itself as the Twentieth Revolution Brigades while Islamic Conquest renamed itself Hamas of Iraq.
Jenadriyah, also known as the National Heritage and Culture Festival or Al-Janadriyah Festival (Arabic: مهرجان الجنادرية, romanized: Maharajān al-Janādrīyah) is a cultural heritage festival in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A cultural heritage festival is a celebration where people come together to show and celebrate their history and action or way of behaving that is common among them. It has been celebrated in Saudi Arabia since the year 1985. Most of the times, it takes place in February or March during the Spring season. The festival is then celebrated for around 14 days (two weeks). People from both inside and outside Saudi Arabia come to see the festival. For 34 years, the "Ministry of the National Guard" organized the festival, but in July 2019, the duty was given to the "Ministry of Culture". The festival shows a lot of things related to Saudi Arabia. A village is shown with old items, ornaments that people wear, for example rings, bracelets, and necklaces and tools used by Saudi people over fifty years ago as well as works of art. Each year, a different country is invited as a special guest. They are called the 'Guest of Honor'. Saudi Ministry of Culture invites them to see the festival's celebration. This also helps to make good relations with that country. The festival shows Saudi Arabia's culture and history. A large number of people from other countries or places come to see this. It is a place to make people learn about the country's old days and its people's way of life and to also increase Tourism. With its different types of activities and places of interest where tourists visit, the festival has become an important event for exchanging of cultures and understanding among nations. History. The first National Heritage and Culture Festival began on March 24, 1985, and was open until April 3, 1985. The main goal of the festival was to promote interest in Saudi heritage "(something that is handed down from generation to generation)", save it, and educate people about it. The festival showed different activities that showed the local environment, including old houses, markets
"Happy New Year" is a 1980 song by ABBA. It was taken from their seventh studio album "Super Trooper". It originally had a very limited release as a single in December. A Spanish-language version was released under the title "Felicidad". That version went to the top 5 in Argentina and Uruguay. The song was covered by the A-Teens. The English-language version was released in late 1999 for the new millennium. It went to number 27 in Sweden, number 15 in the Netherlands, number 20 in Norway and number 75 in Germany.
The West Midlands Combined Authority (WMCA) is a combined authority for the West Midlands metropolitan county in the United Kingdom. It was established by statutory instrument under the Local Democracy, Economic Development and Construction Act 2009. It is a strategic authority with powers over transport, economic development and regeneration. The authority formally came into being on 17 June 2016. There are seven indirectly elected members, who are councillors from the seven West Midlands county local authorities, as well as the Mayor of the West Midlands, who is directly elected by the county's residents. Local authorities in the West Midlands county. There are also ten local authorities from outside the West Midlands county who have fewer rights
The Mayor of the West Midlands is a directly elected political post who chairs the West Midlands Combined Authority.. The first election was on Thursday 4 May 2017. Andy Street, the first Mayor, was originally due to hold office for three years, with the second election for the post taking place in May 2020. That was delayed for a year due to the COVID-19 pandemic, so his term was extended by a year. The second term length was reduced to three years between 2021 and 2024. The Mayor's term of office will return to four years from 2024 thereafter.
Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany, is a renowned institution with a rich history and noteworthy contributions to education and knowledge. Established in 1409, it is one of the oldest universities in the world. Location. Leipzig University is located in the city of Leipzig, which is in the eastern part of Germany. Leipzig is known for its cultural heritage and historical significance, providing an inspiring backdrop for academic pursuits. History. Founded more than 600 years ago, Leipzig University has played a pivotal role in shaping the intellectual landscape. It has weathered the passage of time, witnessing pivotal moments in history. The university has been a hub for learning, attracting scholars and thinkers from different parts of the world. Establishment and growth until 1900. The university was designed based on the University of Prague, as German-speaking faculty members moved to Leipzig after the Jan Hus crisis and the "Decree of Kutná Hora". The Alma mater Lipsiensis started in 1409, officially approved by Pope Alexander V in his Bull of Acknowledgment on September 9 of that year. Its first leader was "Johannes Otto von Münsterberg". The "Paulinerkirche, Leipzig's church", served as the university church from the beginning. After the Reformation, the church and monastery buildings were given to the university in 1544. To ensure funding, the university received control over nine villages east of Leipzig (called university villages), maintaining this status for about 400 years until land reforms in the 19th century. Like many European universities, the University of Leipzig had different colleges responsible for housing and teaching. These included the Small College, the Large College, the "Red College" (also known as the New College), the College of Our Lady, and the Pauliner College. There were also private living spaces called "bursaries." The colleges had authority over their members, but this structure was later abandoned, and only the names remain today. In the early centuries, the university grew slowly and served mostly the local region. However, in the 19th century, it became a top-tier institution for education and research globally. At the end of the 19th century, influential scholars like "Bernhard
Tristichopteridae is a family of tetrapodomorphs from the Middle and Late Devonian. Some of them share some of the features of the elpistostegalians. The most well-known is probably "Eusthenopteron". A classic notion is that "Eusthenopteron" was able to crawl onto land using its fins. However, no evidence believes this and is believed by many to be false. Description. These fish were large, and some species could exceed three meters. The smallest forms ("Tristichopterus") attained lengths of 30 cm, and the largest forms ("Hyneria") could grow several meters long. The pelvis had long, tapering pubic branches that met in a cartilaginous symphysis. The ventral fins contained the femur, tibia, and fibula. The lobed pectoral fins were usually robust. Tristichopterids had large, flat heads with sharp teeth. Some images. Here is a gallery of a few members of the Tristichopteridae:
Antena Stars is a Romanian television channel. It started broadcasting on 9 April 2007 and it is a part of the Intact group, owned by the family of the Romanian businessman and politician Dan Voiculescu. On 16 December 2013, at 19:02 EET, the television station changed its name from Antena 2 to Antena Stars.
Happy Channel is a television channel, which is based in Bucharest, Romania. Launched on 15 January 2006, it is a part of the Intact group, formerly owned by the businessman and politician Dan Voiculescu. The television channel is dedicated to women and their families, being in direct competition with the Acasă TV channel.