ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
The term "hyperpower" emerged in the late 20th century to describe a nation or state with a dominant position characterized by an unparalleled ability to exert influence on a global scale. The origins of the term are often attributed to the French philosopher Hubert Vedrine, who served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs under French President Jacques Chirac from 1997 to 2002. In a speech in 1999, Vedrine used the French term "hyperpuissance" to refer to the United States' unprecedented global clout and power projection capabilities after the end of the Cold War. He argued that the U.S. had become a "hyper-power" that dominated the world across virtually every domain - economically, militarily, technologically, diplomatically, and culturally. The concept highlighted the perception that the U.S. had achieved a level of preeminence and lack of counterweights unseen in modern history after the collapse of the Soviet Union. This unrivaled status allowed it to act largely unilaterally on the world stage. While the term generated some controversy and debate, it gained traction in foreign policy circles to capture the unique concentration of hard and soft power resources possessed by the United States in the post-Cold War unipolar moment of the late 20th century. There are also claims that the Mongol Empire, British Empire, Acheamenid Empire and Roman Empire were hyperpowers, However, the Mongol Empire, the British Empire, the Acheamenid Empire and the Roman Empire were not considered "hyperpowers" for several reasons: So while they were immensely powerful entities that controlled great swaths of territory and resources in their eras, they lacked the across-the-board concentration of economic, military, political and social influence on a global scale that defines a "hyperpower" in the modern context the term was intended. It is also worth mentioning in 1814-1815 after the Napoleonic Wars was a key reason why Britain did not achieve true "hyperpower" status, despite being the preeminent great power of the 19th century. At the Congress of Vienna, the major European powers like Britain, Russia, Prussia and Austria worked together to establish a new
Thomas Sandgaard (born 1958, Denmark) is a Danish-American entrepreneur, inventor, and rock music guitarist. He founded Zynex Inc. He owns the Charlton Athletic Football Club (CAFC). Early life. Sandgaard was born and raised in Denmark. He won the inventor’s competition when he was 12 years old as he created an ‘early version of an electronic keyboard.’ He also built a recording studio. Career. Sandgaard started a business to send facsimiles via personal computers when he moved to the United States. The business failed due to a lack of funding. He then started a repairing and manufacturing business for medical devices and began selling his devices in Canada and the United States. In 1996, he founded Zynex Inc., and in 1998 his company’s first product acquired Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval. Sandgaard also founded Sandgaard Capital, a private family office and investment firm, and Sandgaard Foundation. He also owns Clear Ocean Capital Limited. He bought Charlton Athletic Football Club from East Street Investments in September 2020 and acquired approval from the EFL to run the club. Sandgaard is also the lead guitarist of a rock band, the Guardian Angel. As of September 2020, he has a net worth of £400 million. Controversy. An ex-employee of Sandgaard’s company, Ronette Perkins, filed a civil discrimination lawsuit in 2017 on the grounds of racial discrimination. The case was resolved after a settlement was reached between Perkins and Sandgaard. Personal life. Sandgaard is a resident of Denver, Colorado.
Fujifilm Holdings Corporation or Fujifilm is a Japanese company that makes cameras, video and photo film, medical equipment and biotechnology. The company also produces medical equipment, consumables for the film industry, computers (CD-R, DVD-R, etc.) and other goods. Fujifilm was in the list of the 100 most innovative world companies in 2013 according to Thomson Reuters. Fujifilm is the world's largest manufacturer of photographic products with laboratories, factories, and offices in Asia, Europe and North America. The president of the company is Shigetaka Kamori. The main office of the company is in Minato (Tokyo, Japan). History. The company started operating in 1934. Their first product was the professional 35 mm film. Two years later, in 1936, amateur film was added. In 1939, the organization established the Ashigara Research Lab. Research there helped Fuji to make their first color film in 1948. In the mid-1950s, the company entered the magnetic media market. In 1954 Fuji created a laboratory for the research of magnetic technologies and in 1960 began making magnetic tapes. In 1963, the range was expanded with a two-inch videotape. Fuji had a monopoly on camera film in Japan. It became one of the main sponsors of the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics.  On January 31, 2018, Fujifilm announced that it would buy 50.1% of Xerox for US$6.1 billion but the plan was stopped. In late 2019, Fujifilm announced its takeover of Xerox's 25% part in Fuji Xerox. In late 2019, Fujifilm bought Hitachi's diagnostic business for US$1.63 billion.
A high-definition map (HD map) is a highly accurate map made for self-driving cars. They have things not present on traditional maps. HD maps are accurate at a centimetre level. HD maps are made using different sensors. These sensors include LiDARs, radars, digital cameras and GPS. HD maps can also be made using aerial imagery. High-definition maps can include things like road shape, road marking, traffic signs and barriers.
Nataliya Resh (; 27 September 1980, , Chernihiv Oblast, Ukrainian SSR) is a Russian lawyer, television presenter, entrepreneur and philanthropist. She is the founder of the "Open Culture Foundation". Early life. Nataliya Resh was born in , Chernihiv Oblast, Ukraine. In 1999, she entered the 3rd year of the Financial University in Rostov-on-Don, specializing in “Financier”. In 2002—2005, she received her 2nd higher education in Moscow, at the (RUDN). She graduated with a red diploma in civil law. In 2007, Nataliya entered the , in “Faculty of General Arts Branding and Psychology”. She graduated with a red diploma, having received the specialization “Image-maker-Psychologist”. In 2008, Nataliya Resh completed an intensive course at the Institute for Continuing Education for Media Broadcasting in Moscow. She qualified as a “TV and radio host”. Foundation. In 2014, the "Open Culture Foundation" was founded and registered in the United Kingdom by Nataliya Resh. The foundation's positioning is based on the idea of supporting and popularizing projects in the field of culture and art. Art also highlights the world's current issues, including environmental protection. Nataliya Resh takes an active position in helping the environment and promoting ecophilosophy in her projects and everyday tasks. The "Open Culture Foundation" participated in the preparation of a major exhibition of in the framework of cultural exchange between the United Kingdom and Russia, he was a Member of the Board of the , he was a Member of Council at the , and provided general support for the draft International film festival for people with peculiarities of mental and motor vehicles. In September 2014, he participated in the Internatinal Film Festival on Disabilities, Cannes. In 2015—present, the foundation works with the Better World Forum. In September 2019, he held events at the climate change summit in New York. In September 2020, he was a partner at a charity event at the Venice Film Festival and Better World Forum.
A revolving door is a way to enter or exit a building. In a revolving door, several panels are fixed on a central axis. The panel can then be rotated to enter or exit the building. Buildings are usually fitted with revolving doors to save energy: Revolving doors can be made to hinder airflow. This means that less heat is lost. The first to develop revolving doors was H. Bockhacker. In 1881, he registered a patent in Germany for a "door without airflow". Theophilus Van Kannel registered a patent for what he called "storm door", in 1888. Revolving doors also have problems: Once they start spinning, they force the people to keep a certain walking speed. People who cannot keep up the walking speed may fall and hurt themselves. People in a wheelchair cannot use revolving doors. The same probably applies to blind people. Revolving doors cannot be used in an emergency: They cannot be passed at a fast speed. For all these reasons, many countries have rules that buildings must also have other doors. In hotels and public buildings, is usual to find "push" doors either side of a revolving door. Turnstiles. Turnstile exit-only doors are often used at large sports stadia (stadiums), theme parks, and other such venues. They let people exit freely, but stop entry without payment. These doors usually work mechanically, with the door panels constructed of horizontal bars which pass through a "wall" of interlacing (interdigitated) bars. This blocks people from entering illegally through the exit.
WPP is a UK based international communications, advertising, public relations, technology and trade holding company headquartered in London, England. As of 2019, it was the largest advertising company in the world. WPP owns many companies including advertising, public relations, media and market research such as AKQA, BCW, Essence Global, Finsbury, Gray, GroupM, Hill + Knowlton Strategies, Kantar Group, Mindshare, Ogilvy, Wavemaker, Wunderman Thompson and VMLY &amp; R. It is one of the Big Four agency companies, along with Publicis, Interpublic Group of Companies and Omnicom. WPP is primary listed on the London Stock Exchange and is also listed on the FTSE 100. It is secondary listed on the New York Stock Exchange. Roberto Quarta is the chairman of the company. Mark Reed is its CEO. History. The company was founded as Wire and Plastic Products plc in 1971 to manufacture wire and plastic shopping baskets. In 1985, Martin Sorrell, looking for a listed company through which to create a global marketing services company, bought a controlling stake in it. In the 1980s, WPP began expanding due to buying other companies. In the following years, WPP was buying dozens of companies every year. In January 1987, the company bought Scott Stern Associates, then Scotland's largest design and advertising company. In the same year (1987), the company bought J. Walter Thompson (including JWT, Hill &amp; Knowlton and MRB Group) for $ 566 million. In 1988, the company was registered on NASDAQ (and later transferred to a secondary listing on NYSE). In 1989, it bought the Ogilvy Group for $ 864 million.
"Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau" (, meaning "Old Land of My Fathers") is the national anthem of Wales. In January 1856, the words of the song were written by Evan James, and his son James James composed a tune for the song. Lyrics. Patagonian variant. A Patagonian variant called "Gwlad Newydd y Cymry" (, meaning "New Country of the Welshmen") was written by Lewis Evans, a Welsh immigrant to Y Wladfa.
Masada Iosefa (26 January 1988 – 25 January 2021) was a Samoan professional rugby league player. He played as a hooker. He played for the Penrith Panthers and Wests Tigers in the National Rugby League (NRL). He also played for the Samoan national team. Iosefa was born in Motoʻotua, Samoa. He moved to Australia at a young age. After his playing career, he was a youth worker in Rockhampton, Queensland. On 25 January 2021, the day before his 33rd birthday, Iosefa died in a quad bike accident in Herbert, a rural locality of Darwin, Northern Territory.
is a type of Japanese paper that is made in Echizen, Fukui Prefecture, Japan. Echizen washi is the best in Japan in terms of quality, variety, and production volume.  The most distinctive feature of Echizen Washi is the variety. It can be roughly divided into 8 types, and the large division can be divided into very fine types. Each Echizen Washi has various uses, including everyday paper such as sliding doors and shoji paper, wrapping paper, and postcards, as well as official paper. Among them, "Echizen Hoshoshi" (越前) and "Echizen Torinokogami" (越前鳥子紙) are Echizen washi that designated important intangible cultural properties of Japan.  History. The Legend of "Kawakami Gozen". There is a legend about the origin of Echizen Washi. A beautiful goddess has appeared to the villagers who live in poverty because they are not suitable for farmland. The goddess said, "This village is located between mountains and there are few fields, making it difficult to live in. However, there are plenty of rivers and mountains with clean water. If you work with papermaking, your life will be easier." When asked by a delighted villager for her name, she only replied "I live upstream on the "Okamoto" River" and went away. The villagers worshiped the goddess as "Kawakami Gozen(literally "the lady of the upper reaches")" and built a shrine. remains in Echizen City as the only shrine in Japan that enshrines the goddess of paper. Echizen washi has a history of about 1,500 years. In 4~5c, ancient (old) documents in "Shōsō-in" confirmed the existence of Echizen washi but it is said that Echizen washi had made before it. In the early days, Echizen washi was used as a sutra paper. In 1341, The paper was named “"Echizen-hosho"” and began
Gunther's Amoy frog, Guenther's Amoy frog, Günther's frog, Guenther's frog, Günther's red-and-black frog or Gunther's brown frog ("Sylvirana guentheri") is a frog from Vietnam, China and Taiwan. People have brought this frog to Guam. It can live as high as 1100 meters above sea level. Appearance. The adult male frog is 63 to 68 mm long from nose to rear end and the adult female frog is 75 to 76 mm long. The hind legs are about one and a half times as long as the body. It has vomerine teeth and a large tongue. It has a fold of skin on each side of its body, running from the eye down to the hip. This frog has a brown or yellow-brown back and a white belly. Life cyle. The female frog lays eggs in rice fields and streams where the water does not move quickly. The tadpole is silver-white in color. It has a stripes running from the noses to each eye and a dark spot behind each eye. Chemicals. This frog makes chemicals on its skin. It makes (Val1)-bradykinin to stop larger animals from eating it. It also has antibiotics on its skin: guentherin, brevinin-2GHa, brevinin-2GHb, brevinin-2GHc, and temporin-GH. Danger to humans. The parasite "Angiostrongylus cantonensis", or rat lungworm, can live in this frog. This parasite gives humans the disease angiostrongyliasis and makes the membranes around the brain swell, which is very dangerous.
Wakasa lacquerware (若狭塗, Wakasa-nuri) is traditional Japanese art from Obama City, Fukui Prefecture, Japan.  Feature. Wakasa lacquerware can be boxes or other objects. They are covered in decorations of eggshells, seashells, and pine needles. Wakasa lacquerware uses "togidashi maki-e", a technique in which a large pattern is put on an object by adding many layers of lacquer. it takes a long time to make Wakasa laquerware.  The entire process is completed by a single artisan. Wakasa lacquerware  is famous for lacquer chopsticks in Japan. Lacquer chopsticks from Obama City account for 80% of domestic production, but almost all of them are produced in factories. Wakasa lacquer chopsticks which are actually produced by artisans are less than 1 percent of the domestic production in Obama City. Artisans take at least half a year to produce a pair of chopsticks.  In 2008 and 2013, a lacquer picture frame and a lacquer ballpoint pen were given to Barack Obama by Obama City. History. Wakasa lacquerware is said to have started in the early Edo period from 1596 to 1615. An lacquerware artisan, Sanjuro Matsuura created a lacquerware which had a pattern of seabed of Wakasa Bay. The pattern was designed by referring to Chinese lacquerware.  The techniques of producing lacquerware which Matsuura had developed was improved during the Manji era (1658 to 1660). Because families of the lord supported the artisans, Wakasa lacquerware became the core industry of the Obama Domain.  It is said that the golden age of Wakasa lacquerware when Wakasa lacquerware were popular and sold a lot is the middle to late Edo period (1603-1868), but after that, the demand of Wakasa lacquerware has decreased.  These days, artisans are trying to create new ways to apply design, such as PC mouse and accessories. The number of artisans has been decreasing and,
António José Baptista Cardoso e Cunha (28 January 1933 – 24 January 2021) was a Portuguese Social Democratic Party (PSD) politician. He was a government minister in the 1970s and 1980s. From 1986 to 1992, he was Portugal's first European Commissioner. He was elected to the Assembly of the Republic in 1978.  Cardoso e Cunha died on 24 January 2021, aged 87.
Kenneth Z. Altshuler (April 11, 1929 – January 6, 2021) was an American psychiatrist and psychoanalyst. He was a Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry and the Chairman of the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas. He was born in Paterson, New Jersey. Altshuler died on January 6, 2021 in Dallas from problems caused by COVID-19 at aged 91.
Paul Kölliker (19 February 193211 January 2021) was a Swiss rower. He competed in the men's coxless four event at the 1960 Summer Olympics. He was born in Wolfwil, Switzerland. Kölliker died on 11 January 2021 at the age of 88.
James A. MacGeorge (October 9, 1928 – January 16, 2021) was an American voice actor and writer.  He was best known for his voice roles as Beany Boy, Crowy and Uncle Captain Horatio K. Huffenpuff in "Beany and Cecil", Oliver Hardy in the "Laurel and Hardy" cartoon series, Crazy Claws in "The Kwicky Koala Show", Bort in "The Mighty Orbots", Wimper in "Clue Club" and as Dr. Wilmer Scarab in "Bionic Six".  MacGeorge died on January 16, 2021 at the age of 92.
Jean Dumont (27 November 1930 – 18 January 2021) was a French politician. He was born in Thouars, France. Dumont was a member of the Republican Party. From 1986 to 1995, Dumont was a member of the Senate. Dumont died in Parthenay, France on 18 January 2021, aged 90.
Joyce C. Hearn (née Camp; June 16, 1929 – January 20, 2021) was an American politician and businesswoman. She was a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives as a Republican Party. Hearn was born in Cedartown, Georgia. Hearn died on January 20, 2021 in Columbia, South Carolina at the age of 91.
Jean-Pierre Baeumler (1 July 1948 – 22 January 2021) was a French politician. He was a member of the Socialist Party. He was born in Oberbruck, France. From 1989 to 2014, Baeumler was Mayor of Thann, Haut-Rhin. From 1988 to 1993 and 1997 to 2002, Baemuler was a member of the National Assembly. Baeumler died on 22 January 2021 at the age of 71.
Jorunn Kirkenær (4 May 1926 – 22 January 2021) was a Norwegian ballerina and choreographer. She was born in Oslo. She performed for the Malmö City Theatre, Nationaltheatret, Det Norske Teatret and Den Norske Ballett.  Her works as choreographer include "Reisen til Julestjernen" and ballet versions of the children's operas "Little Red Riding Hood" and "Ma mère l'Oye" for television with the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation.  She was awarded the King's Medal of Merit in gold in 1996. Kirkenær died on 22 January 2021 in Oslo, aged 94.
The National Theatre in Oslo () is one of Norway's largest and most well known cultural arts center for performance of dramatic arts. The main building is centrally located between the Royal Palace, Oslo and the Parliament of Norway.
The Assembly of the Republic (Portuguese: "Assembleia da República", ) is the parliament of Portugal. In the Constitution of Portugal, the unicameral parliament "is the representative assembly of all Portuguese citizens." The constitution names the assembly as one of the country's main authority. It is in a historical building in Lisbon, the "Palácio de São Bento".
Jevrem Brković (; 29 December 1933 – 24 January 2021) was a Montenegrin poet, writer, journalist, dissident and historian. Brković was one of the founders and member of Doclean Academy of Sciences and Arts. He was born in the Seoca village near Podgorica, Zeta Banate, Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Brković died on 24 January 2021 at the age of 87.
Arik Brauer (; 4 January 1929 – 24 January 2021) was an Austrian painter, printmaker, poet, dancer, singer, stage designer, architect and academic teacher. He was a co-founder of the Vienna School of Fantastic Realism. He taught at the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna, beginning in 1985. He designed buildings in Austria and Israel in the 1990s. On 24 January 2021, Brauer died in Vienna at age 92.
George Edward Armstrong (July 6, 1930 – January 24, 2021) was a Canadian professional ice hockey centre. He played 21 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Toronto Maple Leafs from 1949 to 1971. Armstrong was born in Skead, Ontario. In 1975, he was elected to the Hockey Hall of Fame. Armstrong died on January 24, 2021 in Ontario from problems caused by heart disease at the age of 90.
Muhanna Durra (), , (1938 – 24 January 2021) was a Jordanian painter. He was well known in the Jordanian Arts Movement. He was the first to add Cubism and abstract art into the Jordanian visual arts community.  He was a professor at the Faculty of Fine Art and Design at University of Jordan. He was the President of the Jordan Association of Fine Arts. Al-Dura was born in Amman, Jordan. Al-Dura died on 24 January 2021, aged 82.
Harthorne Nathaniel Wingo (September 9, 1947 – January 23, 2021) was an American professional basketball player. He was born in Tryon, North Carolina. He played four seasons, from 1972 to 1976, in the National Basketball Association as a member of the New York Knicks.  Wingo died on January 23, 2021 at the age of 73.
Song Yoo-jung (June 8, 1994 – January 23, 2021) was a South Korean actress and model. Her first role was in MBC's series "Golden Rainbow" (2013). She was also known for her role in the cable channel series "Make a Wish" (2014). Song died on January 23, 2021 in Seoul, aged 26.
Abukari Gariba (13 June 1939 – 23 January 2021) was a Ghanaian footballer. He was born in Yamale, Ghana. He competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics and the 1972 Summer Olympics.  Gariba died at the age of 81 in Kumasi, Ghana on 23 January 2021.
Nilda Pedrosa (1974 – January 23, 2021) was an American Republican politician. She was the acting United States Under Secretary of State for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs from September 28, 2020, until a few days before her death in January 2021. She was the Assistant Dean for Development &amp; External Affairs at Florida International University College of Law. Pedrosa was born in Miami, Florida. Pedrosa died on January 23, 2021 in Miami from cancer, aged 46.
Cyril Calvin Pinder (November 13, 1946 – January 23, 2021) was an American professional football player. He was a running back in the National Football League (NFL) for the Philadelphia Eagles, Chicago Bears, and Dallas Cowboys from 1968 to 1973. He played college football for the Illinois Fighting Illini. He was born in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Pinder died on January 23, 2021 in Urbana, Illinois at the age of 74.
Alberto Grimaldi (28 March 1925 – 23 January 2021) was an Italian movie producer. He was born in Naples, Italy. He was known for producing the movies: "For a Few Dollars More", "The Good, the Bad and the Ugly", "Last Tango in Paris" and "Gangs of New York". Grimaldi died on 23 January 2021 in Miami, Florida at the age of 95.
Robert Andrew Rowland (28 February 1966 – 23 January 2021) was a British politician and businessman. He was a member of the Brexit Party. He was a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for South East England from 2019 until the United Kingdom's exit from the EU in 2020. Rowland was born in Bowdon, Greater Manchester. Rowland drowned on 23 January 2021 while on vacation in the Bahamas in a scuba diving accident, aged 54.
Chabottes is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department. Transport. Road. The D43, D43A, D113, D473, D514, D944 and D945 roads pass through the commune.