ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
"Arirang" (; ) is a Korean folk song. It is sometimes thought of as the unofficial national anthem of Korea. There are almost 3,600 variations for 60 versions of the song. All of these have a part of the song similar to "Arirang, arirang, arariyo ()". People think that the song is almost 600 years old. "Arirang" is on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage list two times. This is because both South Korea and North Korea submitted the song for being included on the list. It was submitted by South Korea in 2012 and then by North Korea in 2014. The South Korean Cultural Heritage Administration added the song to its list of important intangible cultural assets in 2015. History. Origin. People think that "Arirang" came from Jeongseon in the Gangwon Province of South Korea. According to a legend, the song came from the story of a man and a woman who fell in love. This was while they were picking camellia flowers. In one version of the story, the man can't cross the Auraji river because the water is too high. Because of this, they sing a song to show how sorrowful they were. In the second version of the story, the man tries to cross the Auraji and drowns. In that version, he sings the song after he dies. Another theory says that the song came from Lady Aryeong. It says that "arin" came from the Jurchen word for "hometown" and a Chinese song called "Airang."
Morocco uses Central European Time (CET) () all year round since 26 October 2018. The country used to observe daylight saving time (DST). Daylight saving time. Morocco first used DST in 1939 and 1940 and again in 1950. It returned in 1967 but was abandoned after that and returned in 1974 and was observed until 1978. After that, Morocco used Western European Time (WET) (UTC+00:00) all year round. In 1984, Morocco changed to Central European Time (CET) (UTC+01:00) and returned to WET in 1986. In 2008, Morocco once again started using daylight saving time. DST in 2008 started on Sunday 1 June and ended on Monday 1 September. In 2009, it started on Monday 1 June and ended on Friday 21 August. In 2010, DST started on 2 May and ended on 8 August, and in 2011 it started on Sunday 3 April and ended on Sunday 31 July. In 2012, Morocco changed the rules for DST as it started on the last Sunday in April with a pause during Ramadan, and ending on the last Sunday in September. In 2013, the end of DST shifted to the last Sunday of October and adopted the European daylight saving schedule. In 2018, Morocco stopped using summer time and moved to Central European Time (CET) (UTC+01:00) all year round. This is the first time Morocco has used CET since 1984.
Xuanwu Lake is a lake in Xuanwu District in Nanjing, China. It is surrounded by a park. Local visitors and foreign tourists often visit the Xuanwu Lake. The lake's area is about 5.02 square kilometers or 1.94square miles, making it the largest former imperial garden lake in China. History. Dating back to the Qin family of rulers, Xuanwu Lake has a history of about 2,300 years. It was one of the emperor's gardens during the Six Dynasties part of China's history and again under the Ming rulers. Getting there. The lake and its park are open from 6 to 9. There is a Nanjing Subway station nearby and several bus stops.
Faunus ([fau̯nʊs]) was the horned god of the forest, plains, horned animals, and fields in Roman mythology. When he made cattle fertile he was called Inuus. Many of his characteristics are similar to the Greek god Pan.
Sun Yat-sen's Tomb is the tomb (place for the dead body) of Sun Yat-sen and a large park around the tomb. It is a scenic spot and historical site in Nanjing, China.A mausoleum is a building used to store the remains of people who have died. Instead of being buried in soil, like in a cemetery, they are placed in chambers behind walls, or in a vault under the floor. The word came from the name of an ancient king.Sun yat sun is a leader of China.You can go to there by bus Route254,324. Name. Sun Yat-sen's tomb is so big that it is also called . (A mausoleum is a tomb so big that it is like a palace.) History. Sun Yat-sen was a famous leader of China. He changed China's political system. After he died, the Chinese government made him this tomb.
Hongshan Forest Zoo (), “The Red Mount Forest Zoo” is a zoo in Suanwu District, Nanjing. It covers about 1026 acres. It was built in 1998. It is a national AAAA tourist attraction.  85% of the mountain area of the zoo is covered with a forest.  For adults, the price is 40 yuan, but for children, the price is 20 yuan. It is open from 7:30 to 16:30. Organisms. The park is divided into areas for birds, animals, herbivores and primates exhibition area, Amphibian and reptile hall and other major animal exhibition spots, gathering more than 3000 rare animals of more than 280 kinds from all over the world. It has some very rare animals like Elephas maximus, white tiger, mandrill, and some first class nationally protected animals such as ring-tailed lemurs, chimpanzees, chromotropic pythons, amur tigers, Yangtze alligators. and penguins. It has government-protected animals: giant and red pandas, golden and black-leafed monkeys, gibbons, red-crowned cranes, manchurian tigers, green peacocks, and alligators. There are also Asian elephants, giraffes, zebras, kangaroos, leopards, and other rare animals. Among the 20 kinds of birds are grey and blue magpies,and parrots.
The Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders is a museum about the 1937–1938 Nanjing Massacre in Nanjing, China. It is also known as the Nanjing Massacre Museum, or the because it is also a memorial hall to remember the many Chinese people who were killed during the massacre by the Imperial Japanese Army. The museum covers a total area of 103,000 square meters, with a building area of 57,000 square meters and the exhibition area of 20,000 square meters. It is a "National First-Class Museum" built on the site of the Jiangdong Gate mass murder in the Nanjing Massacre. Since its official opening on August 15, 1985, the museum has received more than 90 million viewers from over 100 countries and regions by the end of 2017. History. Nanjing (then spelled "Nanking" in English) was China's capital city during the 1920s and 1930s. At that time, Japan was an empire that included Korea and Taiwan. During the 1930s, Japan started the Second Sino-Japanese War and tried to take over all of China. This became part of World War II, as Japan's friend Germany took over Poland and Italy joined their wars and started some of its own. When the Japanese army got to Nanjing in December 1937 and January 1938, it did not only fight the Chinese army; it also killed many other people who were not fighting at all. It also committed many, many war crimes against the people in the city. It is even hard to count how many people were killed or hurt in all, because the Japanese treated the bodies and the people so badly. The Chinese government says 300,000 people were killed and more were hurt. To remember the people who were killed and hurt and to fight Japanese people who say nothing very bad happened in Nanjing, the city government built the Nanjing Massacre Museum in 1985. In 1995, with the city growing richer from China's Opening-Up Policy, the museum was made larger and better. Grounds. The memorial (place to remember
Philip Martin Brown (born 9 July 1956) is an English actor. He is best known for portraying the role of Grantly Budgen in the BBC school-based drama series "Waterloo Road" (2006–2013); making him the longest-serving cast member in the show's history. In addition to his work on "Waterloo Road", he has also made appearances in various British television series, including "A Horseman Riding By", "EastEnders", "The Bill", "Wing and a Prayer", "City Central", "Cutting It", "Casualty", "Doctors", "Coronation Street", "Death Comes to Pemberley", "The Worst Witch" and "Holby City". Personal life and awards. He attended Barrow-in-Furness Grammar School for Boys where his favourite subject was English. At the end of his fifth year, Brown was asked to leave the school, later stating that he was a "dreadful troublemaker". He lives in Paddock Wood, Kent, with his wife. They have two children. In 2010, Brown was nominated for the Best Actor prize in the 2010 "TV Choice" Awards, and won it three years in a row. He is an ex-epileptic and had to leave the stage until he underwent brain surgery which has left him seizure-free for 22 years. He is an ambassador for the charity Young Epilepsy.
The Nanjing Presidential Palace is the palace in Nanjing, China, that was used by China's president when Nanjing was China's capital city in the 1920s and 1930s. Its Chinese name is the "Nánjīng Zǒngtǒngfǔ" (南京总统府). It is located at 292 Changjiang Road in Nanjing's Xuanwu District. It includes an office block for the Kuomingtang. It was built in March 1853. On 1 January 1912, Sun Yat-sen became the Provisional President of the Republic of China here. After that, it became the official residence of the Jiangsu military governors. It became the office of the Kuomingtang in 1927. After the occupation of Nanjing by Japanese troops in December 1937, the offices of the Kuomingtang served as the headquarters of the Japanese troops. On 23 April 1949, the People's Liberation Army reached Nanjing. They occupied the Presidential Palace on the next day. The presidential palace includes the West and East Gardens, two classic Chinese gardens. There are many trees and flowers among the pavilions, bamboo, and two lakes. Nanjing Presidential Palace is near Dahanggong Station (Line 2) and Zhujiang Road Station (Line 1) on the Nanjing Subway.
Drosophila obscura is a very common European species of fruit fly. It lives in most habitats except coastal areas and open heathland. Larvae can be found in the sap runs of deciduous trees. The name covers a whole group of very similar species. They are all in the subgenus "Sophophera", which includes the common Mediterranean fly "Drosophila subobscura" and the North American "D. pseudoobscura". The group is called the "Drosophila obscura" species group.
Nanjing Museum. Nanjing Museum covers an area of 70,000 square meters. Itis located at the southern foot of the beautiful Purple Gold Moutain, with Zhongshan Gate of the city on its east side and the remains of the imperial palace of the early Ming Dynasty on its west side. Nanjing Museum , China's first comprehensive state museum,was initiated by Cai Yuanpei and president of the state Central Research Academy. It was originally planned to build three exbition halls including Humanity. Handicraft and Nature halls, but only the hall of Humanity was completed which is the current main building. It imitate the style of Liao-Dynasty architecture, with the roof covered with golden tiles and looking solemn and magnificent. After 1949, when new China was founded, the museum entered into a new era of development. In March, 1950, it was renamed as Nanjing museum and a number of major excavation activities were conducted in following years.
The Nanjing City Wall is the city wall of Nanjing, China. Most of it was made during the early Ming Dynasty, when Nanjing was the capital of China. The city wall has a Jingshiying Tianfu four city wall pattern. It consists of four walls: namely, the imperial city, the imperial city, the capital city, and the outer city. Now, the name mainly refers to the well-preserved capital city wall, which is the longest, largest, and best-preserved old city wall in the world, with a total preserved length of 25.1 km.  The city wall you see in Nanjing today was built in 1366 (Yuan to Zheng 26 years) and completed in 1393 (Ming Hongwu 26 years), 27 years in all. Building it used 1 ministry, 3 weis, 5 provinces, 28 prefectures, and 152 prefectures and counties. A total of 280,000 migrant workers made it using about 350 million urban bricks. Its gates include the Gate of China, the Zhongshan Gate, and the Xuanwu Gate.
Jiming Temple was first built in the Western Jin Dynasty. It is one of the oldest Buddhist temples in Nanjing. Since the Middle Ages, Jiming Temple has been known as the First Temple of the Southern Dynasties.  The history of Jiming Temple can be traced back to Qixuan Temple in Wu during the Three Kingdoms. At that time, the place where Jiming Temple now sits was a garden around a hilltop. Around the year 300, a temple was built on the hill. After the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it was part of the Tingwei Department. In 527, Emperor Wu of the Liang Dynasty built Tongtai Temple on Jiming Island, which made it a real Buddhist resort. In 1387, the Hongwu Emperor of the Ming Dynasty ordered the demolition of its old houses and a reconstruction and enlargement of its temples. This emperor is the one who named it "Jiming Temple". After the improvements of the Xuande, Chenghua, and Hongzhi Emperors, the courtyard was very large, covering more than 100 mu. Later, the ancient temple was destroyed by a fire in Xianfeng. Although it was rebuilt during the Tongzhi Era and its incense has flourished, the scale of the temple has been greatly reduced.
Purple Mountain is a mountain in Xuanwu District in Nanjing, China. It is 448.9 meters or 1,472 feet high.  Purple Mountain is a scenic spot and historic site in Nanjing. It is one of the Four Famous Mountains South of the Yangtze River and a national ecological and cultural demonstration site. Purple Mountain Observatory is on the mountain. Nanjing Museum is just to its south.
William Alan J. Watson (1933 – 7 November 2018) was a Scottish law and legal history expert. He was born in Edinburgh. He was known for his works in Roman law, comparative law, legal history, and law and religion. He is known for creating the term "legal transplants".  Watson worked at Oxford University, before taking the Douglas Chair in Civil Law at the School of Law of his alma mater, the University of Glasgow. He was Distinguished Research Professor at the University of Georgia School of Law at the time of his death. Watson died on 7 November 2018 at the age of 85.
Harold Basch (; 29 November 1940 – 8 November 2018) was an American-born Israeli chemist and educator. He was born in New York City. He was a Professor of Chemistry who worked in Computational Chemistry. He worked at Bar Ilan University. In 1970 he joined the Chemistry Department at Bar-Ilan University (BIU) as an Associate Professor and became a full Professor in 1977. During his career, Prof. Basch published more than 180 papers and book chapters. Basch died in Ramat Gan, Israel on 8 November 2018 at the age of 77.
David John Finney (3 January 1917 – 12 November 2018), was a British statistician and Professor Emeritus of Statistics at the University of Edinburgh. He was born in Latchford, Warrington. He was Director of the Agricultural Research Council's Unit of Statistics from 1954 to 1984 and a former President of the Royal Statistical Society and of the Biometric Society. He was known for the development of systematic monitoring of drugs for detection of adverse reactions.  Finney turned 100 in January 2017 and died on 12 November 2018 at the age of 101 following a short illness.
Everett A. Kelly (September 2, 1926 – November 13, 2018) was an American Republican politician. He was born in Foley, Alabama.  Biography. He was a member of the Florida House of Representatives representing 35th district from 1978 to 1982, the 46th district from 1982 to 1992, and the 42nd district from 1992 until 2000. Kelly was Speaker Pro Tempore from 1990 to 1992. He died in Tavares, Florida on November 13, 2018 at the age of 92.
John Bluthal (12 August 1929 – 15 November 2018) was a Polish-born British-Australian actor. He was best known for his comedy work in the United Kingdom with Spike Milligan. He was known for his roles in "Never Mind the Quality, Feel the Width" and as Frank Pickle in "The Vicar of Dibley".  His lost role was as Professor Marcuse alongside George Clooney in the Coen Brothers' movie "Hail, Caesar!" (2016). Bluthal died on 15 November 2018 at the age of 89.
Adolf Grünbaum (; May 15, 1923 – November 15, 2018) was a German-American philosopher and a critic of psychoanalysis. He was the first Andrew Mellon Professor of Philosophy at the University of Pittsburgh from 1960 until his death. He was born in Cologne. He also was Co-Chairman of its Center for Philosophy of Science from 1978 until his death, Research Professor of Psychiatry since 1979, and Primary Research Professor in the Department of History and Philosophy of Science since 2006. His works include "Philosophical Problems of Space and Time" (1963), "The Foundations of Psychoanalysis" (1984), and "Validation in the Clinical Theory of Psychoanalysis" (1993). Grünbaum was Jewish. He died in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on November 15, 2018 at the age of 95.
Nguyễn Phú Trọng (14 April 1944 – 19 July 2024) was a Vietnamese politician. He was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam from 19 January 2011 until his death on 19 July 2024. Nguyễn was also the President of Vietnam, "de jure" head of state of Vietnam, in office from 2018 until 2021. Nguyễn Phú Trọng was also Chairman of the National Assembly from 2006 to 2011. Nguyễn Phú Trọng died on 19 July 2024 in Central Military Hospital 108 in Hanoi from a long-illness at the age of 80.
Pablo Ferro (January 15, 1935 – November 16, 2018) was a Cuban-born American graphic designer, movie titles designer, and founder of Pablo Ferro Films. He was known for designing the titles for "Dr. Strangelove", "A Clockwork Orange" and "Bullitt". Ferro was born in Antilla, Cuba.  Ferro died in Sedona, Arizona on November 16, 2018 from complications of pneumonia at the age of 83.
Richard Douglas James Baker OBE RD (15 June 1925 – 17 November 2018) was an English broadcaster. Baker was best known as a newsreader for BBC News from 1954 to 1982. He was the first reader of the "BBC Television News" (in voiceover) in 1954. Baker made cameo appearances in three episodes (30, 33 and 39) of "Monty Python's Flying Circus" and in the 1977 "Morecambe and Wise Christmas Show". He also narrated "Mary, Mungo and Midge" (1969). Baker died on 18 November 2018, at the John Radcliffe Hospital in Oxford, aged 93.
Héctor Beltrán Leyva (February 15, 1965 – November 18, 2018) was a Mexican drug lord. He was the leader of the Beltrán Leyva Cartel, a drug trafficking organization. He was the brother of Arturo Beltrán Leyva (deceased), former leader of the cartel. He was the second-in-command and rose to the leadership of the criminal organization after his brother's death on 16 December 2009 during a confrontation with Mexican marines. Beltrán Leyva was arrested by the Mexican Army on 1 October 2014. He would be imprisoned and died at a jail cell in Toluca, Mexico on November 18, 2018 from a heart attack at the age of 53.
Uladzimir Ivanavich Zhuravel (; ; 9 June 1971 – 18 November 2018) was a Belarusian professional football player and coach. He made his professional debut in the Soviet Top League in 1990 for FC Dinamo Minsk. He played for the national team from 1992 to 1997. He was born in Semipalatinsk, Kazakh SSR. In 2018 he was a head coach in Shakhter Karagandy. Zhuravel died from cardiac arrest on 18 November 2018 in Minsk at the age of 47.
Waldyr Geraldo Boccardo (28 January 1936 – 18 November 2018) was a Brazilian basketball player. Boccardo was born in São Manuel, Brazil. He was a member of the team that won the title at the 1959 World Championship and the bronze medal at the 1960 Olympics. Boccardo died in Rio de Janeiro on 18 November 2018 from pneumonia at the age of 82.
Moncombu (; also spelled Mankombu; see below) is a village in the Alappuzha district in the state of Kerala, India. The place is famous for many things including the Moncombu Bhagavathy Temple and the Rice Research Centre. The ancestors of Dr M S Swaminathan, the father of the green revolution in India, came from this village. Name. Since the English name is close to the name in the local Malayalam language, there are several spellings in use. "Moncombu" is the spelling used by the Postal Department of India as well as in government communications. But yet other variants such as "Mankombu" are in use by the mass media.
Pennsylvania German ("Deitsch"; also called Pennsylvania Dutch) is a dialect of German spoken in the United States and Canada. Most speakers of Pennsylvania German are members of the Amish or Mennonite communities. About 350,000 people speak the dialect. History. The ancestors of Pennsylvania German speakers mostly come from the Palatinate area in Germany. Other immigrants came from Switzerland, Swabia, Baden, and/or Alsace. These immigrants mostly settled in Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina. The Pennsylvania German dialect was widely spoken in Pennsylvania until the 20th century. The Amish and Mennonite communities continued to speak the dialect. Kutztown University has a Pennsylvania German program, and offers a minor degree to students. Differences with Standard German. Pennsylvania German grammar is simpler than Standard German. The genitive case is lost, and adjective endings are simplified. The sounds œ, ø (ö) and y (ü) in Standard German are not present in Pennsylvania German. So the word "Köpfe" (heads) becomes "Kepp" in the dialect. Also, "Kühe" (cows) becomes "Kieh". Other websites. Learning Resources: Others:
Garaad is the name for a Dhulbahante clan ruler. He is traditionally from the baharsame sub-clan of the Dhulbahante. Garaadship. There is no specific word for a garaad's wife. The word "garaad" is from the Somali language. It means "intelligence". The dynasty and lands ruled by the Garaad is called a Garaadship.
Kamchatka Krai is one of 85 federal subjects of Russia. It is located in the Asian part of Russia. It is grouped and governed as part of the Far Eastern District. The Far Eastern District contains ten other federal subjects too. History. Local Koryak people lived in the region for a long time before European explorers first arrived. They were described to be war-like. In the 17th century, Russian explorers first arrived in the area. But the area's harsh climate, land and unfriendly natives made exploration difficult. Multiple fighting later broke out between the natives and the Russians throughout the 18th century. This was because the Tsar ordered more Russian explorations of the area. In 1768-1769, the smallpox disease nearly wiped out the population. The natives were finally brought under control because of the disease. In 1854, the area saw fighting between the Russians and the British and French during the Crimean War. In 1867, after the sale of Alaska to the United States, Kamchatka loss its importance. It was because travelers were no longer stopping over the area to go to Alaska. During the last months of World War II, the area became an important point for Soviet troops to invade Japan. After the war the area became a military zone. This zone was closed off to Soviet citizens till 1990 and foreigners till 1991. Today it remains as a Krai (federal subject) within Russia. Geography. Kamchatka is found in the far eastern part of Siberia. Because of this, it has a subarctic climate, which have long, cold winters, and short, mild summers. Rainfall in the area is unusually higher than the rest of Eastern Siberia. This is because westerly winds blow in from the Sea of Japan. The landscape is mostly mountainous, with the Sredinny Mountain Range occupying a large part of the region. The Sredinny Range has the most amount of glacier in North-East Asia. The area also has a high density of mountains that are active volcanoes. These volcanoes are included as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The area is prone to volcano
Mike Noble (17 September 1930 – 15 November 2018) was a British comic artist and illustrator.  Biography. He was born in London. He was best known for drawing strips like "Fireball XL5" for "TV Century 21". He also drew "The Lone Ranger" and other comic strips relating to "The Lone Ranger". He also worked for "Zero-X", "Captain Scarlet" and "Star Trek". Noble died on 15 November 2018 at the age of 88.