ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
The iPhone SE is a smartphone made by Apple Inc. It was started on March 31, 2016. It has almost everything the iPhone 6S has but in the body of an iPhone 5S. It does not have 3D Touch or a barometer. However, just like the iPhone 6S, it has an improved Apple A9 system-on-a-chip, an improved battery, and an improved camera that can record 4K video. Along with the iPhone 6S and the iPhone X, the iPhone SE was discontinued by Apple on September 12, 2018. The iPhone SE currently does not have an upcoming model based on the original iPhone SE. "Business Insider" wrote that "Apple made a big mistake by removing its smallest and most affordable iPhone from its lineup", suggesting that the company was ignoring customers who are worried about the loss of a smartphone type that is both affordable and small enough to be comfortable to use. "Quartz" reported that women and other smartphone users with small hands get sore hands from holding large smartphones. The technology website "Gizmodo" was also concerned that Apple discontinued the iPhone SE, hoping that "there will be a return to smaller phones", as well as hoping that people will be able to hold a phone "in a single hand, and be able to use it fully." History. Earlier iPhones, the 4.7-inch iPhone 6 and the 5.5-inch iPhone 6 Plus, had much larger screens. However, there are a significant number of customers who would prefer to use a smaller 4-inch screen size of the iPhone 5 and the iPhone 5S.  Apple stated in the "Let us loop you in" event on March 21, 2016 that they sold over 30 million 4-inch iPhones in 2015. In this event, they proved that many customers wanted smaller phones. Later in the event they presented the iPhone SE, describing it as "the most powerful 4-inch phone ever."  The iPhone SE, iPhone 6S, and iPhone 6S Plus were the last iPhones to feature the standard 3.5 mm headphone jack. Along with the iPhone
Leviathan is a famous book by Thomas Hobbes. Its full name is Leviathan or The Matter, Forme and Power of a Common-Wealth Ecclesiasticall and Civil. Hobbes wrote the book in 1651. The name of the book comes from a sea monster called "Leviathan" in the Book of Job (one of the books in the Old Testament of the Bible). In "Leviathan", Hobbes writes about the structure of society and what makes a good government. It was a very early book on social contract theory. It influenced many other writers. He also wrote a version of the book in Latin in 1668.In this book Hobbes advocated for the power of government to avoid conflict with "the state of nature".
La Noche Triste (Spanish for "The Sad Night") was a famous battle between the Spanish conquistadors and the Aztecs, a native people of Mexico. The battle took place on the shores of Lake Texcoco near the Aztec city of Tenochtitlan in the night between June 30 and July 1, 1520. The Spanish side, led by Hernán Cortés, had 600 to 1000 Spanish soldiers and 20,000 native Mexican allies. The Aztecs, led by Cuitláhuac (the son of Moctezuma II), had 50,000 soldiers. The Aztec soldiers won the battle. They made the Spanish army leave their city. The Spanish army lost almost all their equipment and the gold they took from Tenochtitlan. Between 400 and 800 Spanish soldiers were killed or captured. Between 2,000 and 4,000 native Mexican allies of the Spanish were killed or captured. The Aztecs lost about 1,000 soldiers. Local enemies of the Aztecs rescued the survivors. They organized a bigger army, returned, and attacked in 1521, causing the Fall of Tenochtitlan
The Additional Member System is an electoral system used to produce a more proportional result than Plurality voting, also known as First Past The Post. It is sometimes referred to as Mixed Member Proportional but these two electoral systems have different ways of allocating list seats. The term additional member system is almost only used in the United Kingdom but has been used to describe Italy's Electoral system from 1993 to 2005. Method of voting &amp; calculation. Method of voting. In the Additional Member System the voter has two votes ; one vote goes to an local representative or multiple representatives from a geographical electoral district. This is commonly referred as a constituency vote. The other vote goes to a political party. This is commonly referred as a list vote and is to represent the voter in a wider region. Calculation. Firstly, the Constituency vote is counted: the votes are counted and the candidate with the most votes, even if the candidate did not reach a majority, wins the seat. Next, each party's Member Score is calculated using a formula: formula_1 "V = Party List Vote" "S = Seat already won" Once the party's member score is calculated the list seats are given to each political party using the D'hondt formula. Example. In this Hypothetical Example there is 100,000 voters and there are: 3 political Parties, 10 total Seats (6 constituency seats and 4 list seats).
Port Blair () is the capital of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, a union territory of India in the Bay of Bengal. It is also the local administrative sub-division ("tehsil") of the islands, the headquarters for the district of South Andaman, and is the territory's only notified town. It houses the headquarters of the Andaman and Nicobar Police and the Andaman and Nicobar Command, the first integrated tri-command of the armed forces of India. Transportation. Port Blair also serves as the entry point for visiting the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Port Blair is connected with mainland India by both air and sea. It is a 2-hour flight from mainland India to Port Blair, but it takes 3–4 days by sea to reach Chennai, Kolkata or Vishakhapatnam. Air connectivity to Port Blair is available from Chennai, Kolkata, New Delhi, Hyderabad, Mumbai, Bhubaneshwar and Vishakhapatnam. All flights bound to Andaman and Nicobar Islands land at the Veer Savarkar International Airport. Sea connectivity is available from Chennai, Kolkata and Vishakhapatnam are embarked in Haddo Wharf Port. It is home to several museums and a major naval base INS Jarawa of the Indian Navy, along with sea and air bases of the Indian Coast Guard and the Indian Air Force. Port Blair is also famous for the historic Cellular Jail and other small islands like Carbyns Cove, Wandoor, Ross, Viper etc. which were once home to British colonists. Port Blair has been selected as one of the cities to be developed as a smart city under the Smart Cities Mission. Population.  India census, Port Blair had a population of 100,608. Males constitute 52.92% (53,247) of the population and females 47.07% (47,361). Port Blair has an average literacy rate of 89.76%, higher than the national average that is 74.04%. In Port Blair, male literacy is 92.79%, and female literacy is 86.34%. 9.3% of the population is under the age of 6 years. The most common religion is Hinduism, followed by Christianity and Islam. Bengali is the most spoken language of the city, followed by Hindi and Tamil.
The Cellular Jail, also known as Kālā Pānī (Hindi for "black waters"), was a colonial prison in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. The prison was used by the British especially to exile political prisoners to the remote archipelago. Many notable dissidents such as Batukeshwar Dutt, Yogendra Shukla and Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, among others, were imprisoned here during the struggle for India's independence. Today, the complex serves as a national memorial monument. Architecture. The construction of the prison started in 1896 and was completed in 1906. The original building was a puce-colored brick building.The bricks used to build the building were brought from Burma.Each of the seven wings had three stories upon completion. There were no dormitories and a total of 696 cells. Each cell was in size with a ventilator located at a height of . The name, "cellular jail", derived from the solitary cells which prevented any prisoner from communicating with any other. Also, the spokes were so designed such that the face of a cell in a spoke saw the back of cells in another spoke. This way, communication between prisoners was impossible. Japanese occupation. The Empire of Japan invaded the Andaman islands in 1942 and drove out the British. The Cellular Jail then became home to British prisoners. During this period, Subhas Chandra Bose also visited the island. In 1945, the British resumed control with the end of World War II. Post Independence. Another two wings of the jail were demolished after India achieved independence. However, this led to protests from several former prisoners and political leaders who saw it as a way of erasing the evidence of their persecution. The remaining three wings and the central tower were therefore converted into a National Memorial on 11th February 1979 by then Prime Minister of India Shri.Morarji Desai. The Govind Ballabh Pant Hospital was set up in the premises of the Cellular Jail in 1963. It is now a 500-bed hospital with about 40 doctors serving the local population.The centenary of the jail's completion was marked on 10 March 2006.
Ross Island is an island of the Andaman Islands. It belongs to the South Andaman administrative district, Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The island is situated east from downtown Port Blair. 1941 earthquake. About nine months before the Japanese take-over of the entire set of islands, Ross Island experienced an earthquake, which caused many people to leave the Island.  Except for a brief time when the Japanese occupied, the abandonment of Ross Island as a result of the quake continued. The headquarters were then shifted to Port Blair. Japanese period. From 1942 to 1945, the island was occupied by the Japanese. The Government House became the residence of the Japanese admiral also for three years (from March 1942 to October 1945). It was during this period that Subhash Chandra Bose, who took the help of Japanese in his fight against the British, stayed at the Island for a day in December 1943. Netaji also hoisted the national tricolor at the top of the Government House. The Japanese too left their imprint on the island which stand in the form of bunkers used as watch points to safeguard the Island from any foreign invasion. Recapture. The allies reoccupied the island in 1945 and later abandoned it. Indian naval post. In April 1979, the island was handed over to the Navy, which set up a small post, INS Jarawa, named after one of the indigenous tribes of the Andaman group of islands. Geography. The island belongs to the Port Blair Islands and lies in the entrance of Port Blair. Administration. Politically, Ross Island is part of Port Blair taluk. Demographics. Ross Island is an island where no civilian settlement is allowed by the authorities.
Nava Raipur, officially Atal Nagar-Nava Raipur, is a planned city in Indian state of Chhattisgarh. The city is meant to replace Raipur as the capital of Chhattisgarh. The Government of Chhattisgarh is at Naya Raipur. The city is between National Highway 53 and National Highway 30. It is about south-east of Raipur. Swami Vivekananda Airport is between Raipur and Nava Raipur. Nava Raipur has of land. About is used for 41 villages. The core of the city is 27 of these villages. About half of the land is for public uses. 23% of the land is for government and educational institutions. About 30% of the land is for people to live on and for economical uses. According to the plan, 560,000 people will be able to live in the city by phase III. The city should be at Phase III by 2031. There are also plans for the city to grow in size and to upgrade its infrastructure in the future. Sports. Shaheed Veer Narayan Singh International Cricket Stadium is a new cricket field in the city. 65,000 people can enter. It opened in 2008. It is the second largest cricket stadium in India and the fourth largest cricket stadium in the world by seating capacity. The stadium was home ground for two matches for the IPL team Delhi Daredevils during the 2013, 2015 and 2016 Indian Premier League event. A half marathon, with the theme "Let us run" was in the stadium 16 December 2012 to mark Vijay Diwas. Sunil Gavaskar rated this stadium to as one of the best stadiums in the country and said it should be used for all types of matches.
The Shaheed Veer Narayan Singh International Cricket Stadium or Naya Raipur International Cricket Stadium is a cricket field in the city of Naya Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India. It is the second largest cricket stadium after Eden Garden cricket stadium (Kolkata) and fourth-largest cricket stadium in the world. The stadium has a seating capacity of 65,000. Inaugurated in 2008, this ground hosted its first ever match in 2010, when the Canada national cricket team arrived in India and played a practice match against the Chhattisgarh state team. In 2013, the stadium was declared as a second host venue for Delhi Daredevils in the Indian Premier League (IPL) and hosted two of its matches. The stadium is named after Veer Narayan Singh a landlord from Sonakhan who led the 1857 war Indian independence in Chhattisgarh.
Oriental Pearl Tower. The Oriental Pearl Tower is located in the Lujiazui neighborhood of Pudong New Area. It is 468 meters tall. It was the tallest building in China from 1994 to 2007. The whole design of the tower aims for an effect of splendor, giving the viewer the impression that pearls of various sizes are dropping onto an emerald plate. It has thousands of visitors a day. Shanghai Museum. The Shanghai Museum in People's Square in Huangpu District is a place for people to learn more about Chinese culture. It has many different exhibits. Some are about Chinese money, some are about Chinese painting, and some are about Chinese calligraphy (beautiful writing in the Chinese language). The most famous exhibit is its Bronze Exhibition Hall and the most famous in its collection is the Dake Ding, a big bronze cooking pot with very old and very important Chinese writing inside. Shanghai Science and Technology Museum. The Shanghai Science and Technology Museum at 2000 Century Ave. in Pudong is a place for local people in Shanghai to enjoy and learn about science. It is also an attraction for tourists. The museum has Asia's largest group of cinemas featuring films about science: two IMAX cinemas, a 4D IWERKS cinema, and the Space Digital Cinema. Shanghai Wildlife Park. The Shanghai Wildlife Park at 178 S. Sixth Rd. in Pudong is the largest wild animal park in China, with many different kinds of animals like pandas, snub-nosed monkeys, and crested ibises. Shanghai Ocean Aquarium. The Shanghai Ocean Aquarium at 1388 Lujiazui Ring Rd. in Pudong is one of the largest aquariums in Asia. It has nine areas of different kinds of sea animals, including Chinese, African, and polar areas. There is a park next to it. Kids would love it. Yu Garden. Yu Garden (also: Yu Yuan), located at 218 Anyan St. in the Huangpu District, is a classical Chinese garden. It was built by a government official during the Ming period of Chinese history. He started it in 1559 and finished it 20 years later. There is a large shopping area
Muhammad Qudrat-i-Khuda ( – 3 November 1977) (, FPAS, SI), was a Bangladeshi organic chemist, educationist and writer. He founded the Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research. From 1969 to 1972, Khuda served as the president of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences. He was awarded Ekushey Padak in 1976 by the Government of Bangladesh for his contribution in education of the country and Independence Day Award in 1986 (posthumous) by the Government of Bangladesh for his contribution in science and technology. Early life. Khuda was born in Margram village, Birbhum District, Bengal Presidency, British India (now India). He passed Matriculation examination from Calcutta Madrasa in 1918 with First Division. In 1924, he received his MSc degree in Chemistry from Presidency College, Kolkata. Later, he studied in London University. In 1929, he received D. Sc. in physics from this institute. Works. Khuda was specialized in the field of organic chemistry. He conducted research on herbals, jute, salt, charcoal, soil and minerals. He extracted biochemical elements from local trees and plants that can be used for medical purposes. Khuda and his associates had patent of 18 scientific inventions. One of his most significant inventions was manufacturing of Partex from jute-stick. Other significant scientific innovations by Khuda were manufacturing malt vinegar from the juice of sugarcane and molasses, rayon from jute and jute-sticks, and paper from jute.
"Against All Odds (Take a Look at Me Now)" is a song written and recorded by British singer-songwriter Phil Collins. It was first released on March 26, 1984. The song appears on the soundtrack for the movie of the same name. The song reached number one in Norway and on the US "Billboard" Hot 100. It reached the top five in the UK, Switzerland, Belgium, Sweden, and New Zealand. Covers. The song has become popular and covered by many artists, including American singer-songwriter Mariah Carey, who included a cover on her 1999 album, "Rainbow". She later released a new version of the song in 2000 featuring Irish boy band Westlife. This version reached number one in the UK.
Misenum (modern-day Miseno) is a small commune near Naples, Italy. Today, Miseno is part of Bacoli. Miseno is at the end of the Gulf of Naples. The city has a long history. Originally, Misenum was part of Cumae. It was devastated by Hannibal, in the year 214 BC. Today, it is mostly known for its beaches. The best-known sight is the Piscina Mirabilis, a water reservoir, of about 70m by 30m which the Romans constructed to support the fleet. The current landscape around Misenum is characterized by hills and crater lakes. It is the result of the volcanic activity of the Phlegraean Fields.
Inga Maria Borg (25 August 1925 – 24 October 2017) was a Swedish artist and children's book author. She is best known for writing about the fantasy figure Plupp. She was awarded the Elsa Beskow Award for her books about Plupp in 1970. She was born in Stockholm. Borg died in Stockholm on 24 October 2017 at the age of 92.
Albaston () is a hamlet in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is in the civil parish of Calstock. Geography. Albaston is about 1 mile (2 kilometres) from the centre of Gunnislake and half-a-mile (0.7 kilometres) from Gunnislake railway station, the junction of the Tamar Valley Line from Plymouth. History. In the past, Albaston was closely connected with the nearby mine at Drakewalls. The success of the Drakewalls mine in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century led to the growth of the village of Albaston, including the building of a Methodist chapel and several shops, homes and businesses. A brewery, Edward Bowhay &amp; Brothers, was established by 1877; this brewery had closed by 1930. Facilities. The village has a Methodist church, known as Tamar Valley Methodist Church. It was opened in 2001. The Old Post Office House is now rented as a holiday home accommodating nine people. Notable residents. Christian Pentecostal leader Thomas Ball Barratt was born in Albaston in 1862, the son of a mining engineer. He moved to Norway when his father began working for a mine there and in later life became the founder of the Norwegian Pentecostal movement.
A contribution claim is a claim made by one or more people in a court case to get money from a person not involved in the case. In most cases, contribution claims are made like the original claim itself. The claim must be personally given to the new, third party defendant, by the third party plaintiff (the defendant bringing the claim for contribution relief). In contrast, a counter-claim asserts that the party (usually a defendant) is entitled to offset the damages awarded to plaintiff by the proportionate share of any responsibility, liability, or fault assigned to the plaintiff by the jury. Finally, a cross-claim is the same as a counter-claim or contribution claim, except that it is asserted by a defendant against other defendants. Counter-claims and cross claims do not require personal service because no new parties are being added to the claim. In some state court systems, a contribution claim must be made as a new case, and the person making it must pay a fee. In other states, no extra fee is required.
Lu Guanqiu (;17 January 1945 – 25 October 2017) was a Chinese billionaire entrepreneur, and the founder of Wanxiang Group. He was the 18th richest person in China, according to the Hurun Report China Rich List 2013, The individual ranked as the 286th wealthiest person globally. and reportedly the richest person in Zhejiang province. He was a delegate to the Chinese National People's Congress. Lu died on 25 October 2017 in Hangzhou, China, aged 72.
Vilnis Edvīns Bresis (30 January 1938 in Jelgava – 25 October 2017) is a Latvian politician who was the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Latvian SSR from 6 October 1988 to 7 May 1990. From 2002 until 2010, Bresis was member of the parliament, elected from the Union of Greens and Farmers.  Bresis died on 25 October 2017 of pulmonary edema at the age of 79.
Cheryl Lea Bustos (née Callahan; born October 17, 1961) is an American journalist, healthcare executive, and politician. Bustos was the U.S. Representative for Illinois's 17th congressional district from 2013 to 2023. She is a member of the Democratic Party. Bustos was the first woman elected to Congress from her district. In April 2021, Bustos announced that she would not run for another term in 2022.
Billy is a puppet that has appeared in the "Saw" franchise. It was used by John Kramer to talk with his test subjects by delivering recorded messages, often appearing on a television screen or occasionally in person to describe the details of the traps and the means by which the test subjects could survive. Although it has never actually been identified in the movies, "Billy" is the name by which it is referred to by writers, directors, and members of the cast and crew on documentaries and interviews. The name was given to it by its real-life creator James Wan, who is the director and co-writer of "Saw".
David Aaron Kessler (born May 13, 1951) is an American pediatrician, lawyer, author, and administrator (both academic and governmental). He was the Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) from November 8, 1990 to February 28, 1997. On November 9, 2020, Kessler was announced as one of the three co-chairs of Joe Biden's COVID-19 Advisory Board, alongside former U.S. Surgeon General Vivek Murthy and Yale public health professor Marcella Nunez-Smith in his administration. He was the head of Operation Warp Speed, the U.S. government program to accelerate the development of COVID-19 vaccines and other treatment, from January to February 2021.
Donald Kennedy (August 18, 1931 – April 21, 2020) was an American scientist, public administrator and academic. He served as Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (1977–79), President of Stanford University (1980–92), and editor-in-chief of Science (journal) (2000–08).  Kennedy resigned as president of Stanford University in 1992 in the wake of a scandal involving expenses charged to the federal government. Kennedy died of COVID-19 in Redwood City, California on April 21, 2020 at the age of 88.
Icelandic horses are a breed of horse that resist the cold, have two unique gaits, and are a breed with special names. Icelandics in winter get really fluffy coats, helping keep the cold out. The icelandics also have two unique gaits, one of which, the most popular, the tölt! The tölt is a beautiful, long stride gait, almost like a stretched out trot. This specific breed of horse has special names for their horses, since the breed is quite old. Here are some examples of them: