ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Bakhshali is a village and Union Council of Mardan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is at 34°17'0N 72°9'0E and has a height of 307 metres (1010 ft). History. The village is famous for being the place where the Bakhshali manuscript was found. This is an ancient mathematical work written on birch bark and is the oldest surviving document in South Asia of Indian mathematics. It was discovered in 1881 during British rule by a tenant of Mian An-Wan-Udin, a police inspector. The tenant discovered it while he was digging in an abandoned building. Bakhshali today. In March 2007 there were attacks made on music shops in Bakhshali. Two people were injured and one was killed in attacks by an unidentified extremist group who attacked the bazaar shooting and killing the watchman of the Seven Stars music centre. In August 2007 the people of Bakhshali observed a strike against power cuts. They blocked the main Mardan to Bakshali road in protest. The protectors said that the power cuts were harming business and their children's studies. The village has also been affected by violence between the Taliban and the government; on 24 January 2008 the militants attacked the vehicle of former Health minister Syed Kamal Shah injuring his guard. The rebels have also been pressuring local people to stop listening to music as well launching bomb attacks in the area. On 15 August a meeting of elders in Mardan decided to set up anti-Taliban group similar to one that has been stated in neighbouring Buner District. According to Shakoor Khan, an elder from Bakhshali who attended the meeting, "Before the Taliban resorts to torching more schools, we have decided to resist them".
Birch bark or birchbark is usually the bark of the paper birch tree or sometimes of similar trees such as gray (wire) birch. Birch bark is useful because it is strong and water-resistant. It is similar in some ways to cardboard. And can be easily cut, bent and sewn. Because of this it has been very valuable for building, crafting, and writing material ever since ancient times. Birch bark also contains substances that are used in medicines and chemicals. Uses. Birch bark was valuable throughout the world where birch trees were available: Birch bark is can also be used as a tinder. It is very good tinder as the inner layers will stay dry even through heavy rainstorms. To make birch bark useless as tinder, it must be soaked in water for a very long time.
The Bakhshali Manuscript is a mathematical manuscript written on birch bark. It was found in 1881 near the village of Bakhshali in what was then the North-West Frontier Province of British India (now Pakistan).  Most of the manuscript is missing, only 70 leaves of birch bark remain. Nobody knows how old it is and different scholars have come up with different dates. Most scholars agree that the manuscript is a copy of a more ancient text.
bazaar is an Persian word which can be also seen in other languages like and . bazaar is an area that is always used for shopping. It can be a market place or a street of shops where things are exchanged or sold.  The word bazaar is from the Persian word "bāzār", this word itself comes from the Pahlavi word "baha-char" (بهاچار), meaning "the place of prices". Although the meaning of the word "bazaar" started in Persia, it has spread and is now used in many countries around world.  The world's biggest bazaar is the Grand Bazaar, Tehran, other well-known ones are the Grand Bazaar in Istanbul, the Old Bazaar in Cairo, the Chandni Chowk in Delhi or the Anarkali Bazar in Lahore. Very often, banks, or moneylenders, cafes and mosques can also be found in a bazaar.
Graham William Nash OBE (born 2 February 1942 in Blackpool, England) is an English musician, singer and songwriter. He was a founding member of The Hollies, but left that band to form Crosby, Stills &amp; Nash with David Crosby and Stephen Stills. He moved to California to be part of the new group, which Neil Young also joined later. While Crosby, Stills, Nash &amp; Young broke apart and came back together many times, Nash has almost always worked with David Crosby since the 1960s. Nash became an American citizen in 1978. Besides music, he is also a talented photographer, and collector of photographs. Nash was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE).
Muslimabad or Muslim Abad is a village and Union Council of Mardan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is at 34°23'0N 71°54'5E and has a height of 379 metres (1246 feet).
Shamozai is a village and Union Council of Mardan District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is at 34°23'0N 72°8'0E and has a height of 713m (2342 feet).
The University of Bologna is the oldest university in the world in continuous operation. It was founded in Bologna, Italy in about 1088. The university received a charter from Frederick I Barbarossa in 1158. In the 19th century, a committee of historians traced the founding of the University back to 1088. If so, it is the oldest continuous university in the world. That is slightly earlier than the University of Oxford, where there is evidence of teaching in 1096. Bologna was also the first to use the term "universitas" for the corporation of students and masters which make up a university. History. In the Middle Ages, the University of Bologna was famous in all Europe for its schools of humanities and law. The poets Dante and Petrarca studied at this university. Called officially "Alma mater studiorum", the university is an institution for students of both sexes, supported by the state. It offers courses in arts, law, medicine, pharmacy, mathematics, engineering, agronomy, veterinary medicine and pedagogy. The Italian semiologist and writer Umberto Eco was the Chair of semiotics at the university. The former prime minister of Italy, Romano Prodi, is a professor in the Department of Economics.
The University of Warsaw (Polish "Uniwersytet Warszawski") is the largest university in Poland. The chancellor (rector) of the university is Marcin Pałys. History. 1816-1831. The "Royal University of Warsaw" was established in 1816, when the parts of Poland were separated in Warsaw, from the academic (i.e. associated with higher education) centre of Cracow more ancient and influential. The School of Law and the School of Medicine had been established first time in the Duchy of Warsaw. In 1816, Alexander I had permitted the Polish authorities to create a university, with five faculties: Law and Administration, Medicine, Philosophy, Theology, and Arts and Humanities. Soon there were 800 students and 50 professors.  However, after students and professors took part in the November Uprising of 1830, the university was closed by the Russians.
An electronic cigarette (or e-cigarette, e-cig), also known as a vape, is a cigarette substitute. It gives small amounts of the chemical nicotine without the tobacco or other chemicals from real cigarettes.  The main substances making up in the liquid in the e-cigarettes are nicotine, propylene glycol, glycerin and some flavors or smells. Using an e-cigarette is known as "vaping". Function. An E-cigarette is made of 3 parts: The e-liquid (propylene glycol and/or glycerin) is heated to make a vapour which looks like the smoke from real cigarettes. This caries the nicotine to the lungs where it is absorbed. As of 2015, 3 generations of "electonic cigarettes" are known: History. The modern electronic cigarette was invented by Hon Lik (regarded as the 'father of the electronic cigarette'), a Chinese pharmacist and inventor. Hon had himself quit smoking, after his father, also a heavy smoker, had died of lung cancer. Hon patented the modern e-cigarette design in 2003, and starting selling it domestically. Many versions made their way to the U.S., sold mostly over the Internet by small marketing firms. However, many US and Chinese e-cig manufacturers copied his designs illegally, and as a result Hon Lik did not get the expected financial rewards for his invention (although some US manufacturers have recompensated him through out of court settlements). In 2008, this attracted the attention of the World Health Organization ("WHO") who said that these e-cigarettes were not proper nicotine replacement therapy and that this mis-information had to be taken away from any sites or advertisements saying that they were. Starting 2012 Tobacco companies also want a piece of E-Cigarette-cake and work on their own products. Marlboro goes for heating tobacco, Philip Morris tests a fizz-like method while British American Tobacco tries a medical-like inhaler. Many big tobacco companies didn't do their own research or stopped at some point. Instead they bought smaller e-cig companies to enter the market. E-Liquid. These devices have a battery powered heating element and tank that contains a liquid solution made by combining nicotine, vegetable
The Great Pyramid of Giza is a huge pyramid built by the Ancient Egyptians. It stand 18.4 km from Cairo, Egypt. It is the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and the only one to remain mostly intact. When it was built it was 146.5 metres (481 feet) tall. It was the tallest building in the world for over 3,800 years. Erosion and other causes have shrunk it to 138.8 metres. The pyramid was built for Khufu, an Egyptian pharaoh. It was perhaps built by Khufu's vizier, Hemiunu. It is believed that it took about 20 years to build, and was completed around 10,500 BC. When it was built, the Great Pyramid was covered by white stones that formed a smooth outer surface. Some of these stones can still be seen around the base. Most of what can be seen of the pyramid now is its basic core 2,300,000 blocks of limestone and granite. There have been many different theories to explain how the pyramid was built. Most accepted building ideas are based on the idea of moving huge stones from a quarry and dragging and lifting them into place. Archaeologists found that the Pyramids of Giza were not built by slaves, but workers who were paid for working. Their graves were found near the pyramid in 1990.  There are three known rooms, or chambers, inside the Great Pyramid. The lowest chamber is cut into the rock on which the pyramid was built. This chamber was not finished. The other two chambers are higher up inside the pyramid. They are called the Queen's Chamber and the King's Chamber, but these are modern labels as we do not know how the Egyptians were going to use them. The Great Pyramid has two passages, one leading up, and the other down. It is the only Egyptian pyramid to have the two passages. The Great Pyramid is part of a group of buildings, called the Giza Necropolis. This includes two mortuary temples in honour of Khufu. One is close to the pyramid and one near the Nile. There are three smaller pyramids for Khufu's wives. Other buildings include an even smaller "satellite" pyramid, and a raised causeway which joins the two temples. There are other tombs, called mastaba, probably for other important people.
A Premier League is normally a league in sports at the top of the league system. Premier League may refer to: in Basketball in Cricket: in Football: in Rugby league: in Speedway:
Surf rock is a kind of rock music. It started in the USA in the 1950s. As the name suggests surf rock had a strong relationship to the sport of surfing.  The Beach Boys are an example of a band that play surf rock. Much of the surf-rock that exists is instrumental and guitar-based. This instrumental music tends to include up-front echoey guitars, usually those made by Fender. The most famous surf-rock guitarist, Dick Dale is well known for the track Misirlou.
Cigarettes and Valentines was going to be an album by Green Day. It was recorded in the summer of 2003, but after making 20 tracks, the master tapes were stolen from the studio. The band was upset so decided not to try to re-create the stolen album, but instead started on a new album that they vowed would be even better than before. The new album was "American Idiot". The "Cigarettes and Valentines" album was rumoured to have been secretly released as "Money Money 2020" by The Network. The Network is a band that contains all the Green Day members under different names. Billie Joe (a member of Green Day) has gone on record admitting that The Network is Green Day's side project. However he also said that "Money Money 2020" is not "Cigarettes and Valentines".
The Silmarillion is a book written by J. R. R. Tolkien. It was first published posthumously (after Tolkien was dead) in 1977, edited by his son Christopher Tolkien. "The Silmarillion" is set in Tolkien's world Middle-earth, and is about its early history before "The Hobbit" and "The Lord of the Rings".  The name "Silmarillion" can mean the published book (as in "The Silmarillion"), but it can also mean all the stories from the First Age of Middle-earth (the "Quenta Silmarillion"). Overview. The published "The Silmarillion" has five parts:
The Shipping Forecast is a weather forecast covering the sea around the United Kingdom and Ireland. It has been broadcast four times a day on BBC Radio 4 since the 1920s. The Met Office, the UK meteorological centre, produces it for the Maritime Coastguard Agency. The forecast talks about lots of places, starting with "Viking" in the northeast and going clockwise around the British coastline until it reaches "Southeast Iceland" in the northwest. Sometimes the names are changed to keep them the same as in other countries. It is one of the first items on Radio 4 each day, and has been referenced in many poems and songs, including a poem by Seamus Heaney and a song by the British band, Blur ("This is a Low"). Protocol. There is a strict set of rules (a protocol) on how the forecast is written, and it has a limit of 370 words. It is always said in the same way and is around 9 minutes long. The language of the forecast is hard to understand unless the listener understands how the rules work. For example: People listening to the forecast who know the protocol can understand it as "In the English Channel, there are strong winds, followed by a stronger wind in less than twelve hours time with some light rain, but good visibility". The numbers refer to the Beaufort Scale of wind strength. "Imminent" means within 6 hours, "soon" between 6 and 12, and "later" meaning after 12 hours. There are lots of other jargon used in the Shipping Forecast. "Sailing By". An instrumental piece of music, "Sailing By", is played before the 00:45 broadcast of the Shipping Forecast. It acts as a buffer between the news bulletin and the Shipping Forecast, in order to make the Shipping Forecast play at exactly the same time each day. This gives the Radio 4 controllers leeway if the programming of Radio 4 is running late. There was an outcry when it was temporarily taken off air for two years in 1993. "Sailing By" was written by Ronald Binge, in 1962 a light music composer. Methods. The Shipping Forecast is broadcast
The Mail on Sunday is a British newspaper. Over six million people read it every week. It was first published in 1982 by Lord Northcliffe. It sells the second biggest amount of Sunday newspapers in Britain after"The News of the World". The Daily Mail was launched nearly a century before(1896) and is The Mail on Sunday's "sister paper". They are both owned by Associated Newspapers, but the editorial staff are completely separate. History. "The Mail on Sunday" was first launched on 2 May 1982, to go with the "Daily Mail". The first story ever printed on the front page was the "RAF's bombing of Port Stanley airport in the Falklands". The Daily Mail and General Trust(DMGT)came up with some tough targets for the paper to reach. Initially DMGT wanted to sell 1.25 million copies a week. But the launch of The Mail on Sunday was not a success. After six weeks, sales were only around 700,000 copies. Lord Rothermere then brought in the "Daily Mail"'s editor David English (later Sir David). He helped redesign and re-launch The Mail on Sunday. In the first three and a half months, Sir David managed to stop the fall in sales. The circulation then increased to 840,000. Three new sections were introduced: Today (2008)the circulation is around 2.3 million, an increase of more than 1.5 million. The newspaper's reputation developed thanks to Stewart Steven. Its circulation grew from around 1 million to almost 2 million during his time in charge. The editor who followed him was Jonathan Holborow and the current editor is Peter Wright.
APTonCD is a tool for backing up software that can create one or more ISOs, CDs or DVDs with all of the software the user downloaded via APT-GET or APTITUDE, so it can be used on other computers. APTonCD will also allow the user to automatically create media with all of the .deb packages in one place, so that the user can install them into other computers without the need for an internet connection.
StartUp-Manager is a program to configure GRUB, Splash and Splashy. It was originally an Ubuntu project, but was later adapted to Debian.
Miguel Ángel Nadal (born July 28, 1966 in Manacor, Majorca) is a former Spanish football player. He played as a defender or a midfielder. He played for Mallorca from 1986 to 1991 and for Barcelona from 1991 until 1999 where he was nicknamed "The Beast of Barcelona". He also played for the Spain national team earning 62 caps, and played in three world cups (1994, 1998, 2002). He returned to Mallorca in 1999 until 2005 when he retired. He is Rafael Nadal's uncle and his brother is "Rafa's" coach, Toni Nadal. Club career statistics. 494||38 494||38 International career statistics. !Total||62||3 Honours. With Barcelona he won: With Mallorca he won:
Fetch! with Ruff Ruffman is a reality children's television program that is shown on PBS. It is hosted by an animated dog, Ruff Ruffman, who gives out challenges to the six kids competing on the program. The series aired for five seasons and 100 episodes from May 29, 2006, to November 4, 2010 on PBS, with over 30 contestants by that time. Although a sixth season was planned for early 2011, with auditions taking place in January 2010, WGBH announced on June 14, 2010, that due to a tons of funding, the series would end. It previously aired reruns on the 24 hour PBS Kids Channel from January 16, 2017 until November 20, 2018. All 5 seasons are available to stream on Amazon Prime Video and PlayStation Vue. In June 2008, the series received it's first Emmy for Best Original Song for it's theme. Games. Below is a list of Ruff Ruffman games. Hamster Run. Hamster Run is a game that was released on October 10, 2017, and is meant for hamster lovers. There are millions of hamsters in this game. Ruff's Cookie Creator. Ruff's Cookie Creator is a game that was released on September 28, 2017 and is for anyone. There are three customers in Ruff's Cookie Creator, those include Scruff Ruffman, Glen Ruffman, and Grandma Ruffman. Ruff's Cookie Creator can be played on Android, IOS, Fire OS, and PC. Spinoffs. There have been so many spinoffs of Fetch! with Ruff Ruffman. "Ruff Ruffman: Humble Media Genius". Later, in May 2014, a brand new spin-off was announced, called "Ruff Ruffman: Humble Media Genius". This spin-off debuted in Fall 2014 and features short animations of Ruff Ruffman, focusing on how to be safe on the internet. Episodes: "The Ruff Ruffman Show". On July 30, 2017, PBS Kids and WGBH announced that Ruff R
The African wild dog or painted dog ("Lycaon pictus") is a carnivorous mammal of the Canidae family. In past centuries it had a wide distribution in Africa. The African wild dog is very social, living in packs. They hunt various kinds of antelopes, wildebeests, zebras, and other ungulates, which they catch by chasing them to exhaustion. Like other canids, the African wild dog regurgitates food for its young, and other adults. Their natural enemies are lions and hyenas: the lions kill the canids where possible; hyenas frequently steal their kills.
Over My Head (Cable car) is the debut single by rock band The Fray off the hit album How to Save a Life (album). The single was released September of 2005.  Music Video. The video ranked close to number one various times since the release of the single. The music video was actually shot in a High School in Denver, Colorado.  Chart Rankings. In the Brazilian Hot 100, "Cable Car" was ranked #5, "World Singles" ranked the song #24, "U.S. Adult Top 40" ranked it #2, and "U.S. Top 40 Mainstream" ranked it #5.
All at Once is known to be the 5th single off the album "How to Save a Life" by the rock band The Fray. Airplay. The song is not originally famous for anything but being on airplay in the U.S. area. Music Video. The video was premiered on VH1's VSpot Top 20 Countdown. The video reached at #6 on VH1 and #20 on the "Hot Adult Top 40 Tracks". Chronology. Singles
Partition editor, partitioner, and partitioning utility are all names for computer programs used to view, create, change, and delete disk partitions on a computer storage device, most commonly a hard disk, but also a USB flash drive or other storage medium. A "partition" is a section or segment of the space on a storage device. By partitioning a large device into several partitions it is possible to isolate various types of data from one another, and allow the coexistence of two or more operating systems simultaneously. Partition editors can come in many different forms. Command line tools such as diskpart in Windows and fdisk or parted in Linux offer accurate control of partition editing. Graphical tools like Disk Management in Windows and GParted or KDE Partition Manager allow for use by less skilled users.
GParted is a computer program used for working on partitions. It can create, delete, move, copy, check and change the size of paretitions. It is also used with the file systems on the partitions. Thi program is useful for creating space for new operating systems. It works with Vista System &amp; Data partitions. It can also be used to reorganizing disk usage, copy data on hard disks and mirroring one partition with another (disk imaging).
"Jesus of Suburbia was the fifth and final single to be released from Green Day's seventh studio album, "American Idiot".  Track listings. Australian single: 10" vinyl:&lt;br&gt; Side A Side B
The People's Choice Awards is an awards show recognizing the people and the work of popular culture. The show has been held every year since 1975 and is voted on by regular people. The People's Choice Awards air on CBS and are produced by Procter &amp; Gamble and Mark Burnett. Global promotion is handled by Kroszover Entertainment. The award show's creator, Bob Stivers, made the first show in 1975. The first awards recognized "The Sting" as 1974's Favorite Picture, Barbra Streisand as the year's Favorite Film Actress, and John Wayne as its Favorite Film Actor. Ratings for the show peaked in 1977, when the 3rd People's Choice Awards attracted 35.3 million viewers who saw Farrah Fawcett-Majors win for Favorite Female TV Star, "" win as the Favorite Picture, and Streisand and Wayne win again in the Film Actress and Actor categories. Procter &amp; Gamble, the show's first and only sponsor, bought the show from Stivers in 1982. In 2008, the "People's Choice Awards" introduced a new category: Favorite Sci-Fi Show. The nominees were "Stargate Atlantis", "Battlestar Galactica", and "Doctor Who". The winner was "Stargate Atlantis."  Categories. The award categories have changed over the years. For example, the 16th People's Choice Awards had categories including Favorite All-Around Movie ("Batman"), and both a Favorite Movie Actor (Tom Cruise) and a World Favorite Movie Actor (Dustin Hoffman). At the 23rd People's Choice Awards, Rob Reiner was named the People's Choice Awards Honoree. More recently, the 32nd People's Choice Awards (shown in January 2006) included categories such as Favorite On-Screen Match-Up (Vince Vaughn and Owen Wilson in "Wedding Crashers"), Favorite Leading Lady (Reese Witherspoon), Favorite Tour (U2), and an award named after a Procter &amp; Gamble brand: Nice 'n Easy Fans Favorite Hair (Faith Hill). Poll-based awards. In the
"The Pretender" is the first single from the Foo Fighters' 2007 album "Echoes, Silence, Patience &amp; Grace".