ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Galilee ( "ha-Galil", lit: "the province", Latin: "Galileia", "al-Jaleel") is a region in northern Israel. It is traditionally divided into Upper and Lower Galilee. It is mentioned frequently in the New Testament. Most of Galilee is rocky terrain, between and of altitude.The term Western Galilee is a modern one, it refers to the area in the west, near the sea. The capital of galilee is tiberias.
Louis David Riel (22 October 1844 – 16 November 1885, (Loo-EE Ree-EL) in English) was a Canadian politician who helped found Manitoba and was a leader of the Métis people in the Canadian Prairies. He led two resistance movements against the Canadian government, led by Prime Minister John A. Macdonald.  Riel tried to preserve Métis rights and culture. However, he was until recently usually regarded as an outlaw since he fought the Canadian government in 1870, when his people took prisoners. One of the prisoners was a man named Thomas Scott, who disobeyed and disrespected Riel's men by assaulting one of them. Riel had enough, and Scott was put on trial to a jury that contained several of Riel's most trusted men including Elzéar Goulet, a Métis leader who supported Riel. The court found Scott annoying, and he was sentenced to death by firing squad.  Riel fled to the United States but in 1885 returned to fight against the Canadian government again.  English-speaking Canadians, especially in Ontario, considered Riel a murderer of Scott. That caused a war party, the Wolsely Expedition, to be sent to put the resistance and eventually captured Riel. He was put on trial and then hanged in Regina, which is now in Saskatchewan. French-speaking Canadians caused a riot in Montreal, Quebec, after his execution and still consider him as a hero.
The Final Solution (German: Die Endlösung) was a plan made by Nazi Germany to exterminate European Jews (along with Roma and Sinti people) during World War II. The Final Solution was part of the Holocaust. On July 31 1941, Nazi Luftwaffe leader Hermann Goering ordered the Schutzstaffel (SS) to make plans for a "Final Solution to the Jewish question." Nazi leaders planned a large part of the Final Solution at the Wannsee Conference on January 20, 1942. Methods. Shootings and gas vans. Early on, the Nazis killed Jews in a variety of ways, including mass shootings by death squads like the Einsatzgruppen.  Starting in the autumn of 1941, SS and police forces also began using mobile gas vans to kill people by carbon monoxide poisoning. The Nazis had already been using gas to execute people with disabilities in their T-4 Euthanasia Program, but had never used mobile gas chambers before. In the gas vans, victims were sealed into the back passenger compartment. The vans had been changed so their exhaust gases (such as carbon monoxide) would enter the back. Victims suffered and then died from gas poisoning. Death camps. In 1942 Heinrich Himmler proposed Operation Reinhard, a plan to exterminate all Polish Jews. The operation was named after SS General Reinhard Heydrich, who had been killed by Czech soldiers.  The Nazis first set up three death camps in Poland: Belzec, Sobibor and Treblinka. Their purpose was to kill as many people as possible, and these camps had their own permanent gas chambers. In 1942 more death camps were set up in Poland at Auschwitz (which also had its own gas chamber), Majdanek, and Chelmno. By the end of World War II, the Nazis had killed about six million Jews and millions of others.
The Last Supper is the final meal that, in the Gospel accounts, Jesus shared with his apostles in Jerusalem before his crucifixion. The Apostle Paul tells of this supper in his first letter to the Corinthians. The Synoptic Gospels all tell of Jesus using the bread and wine as symbols of his body and blood. the Gospel of John does not include those details but tells of Jesus washing the feet of the disciples. This has led to some Christian groups having a ritual of foot washing as a sign of humility.  The Last Supper is commemorated by Christians especially on Maundy Thursday. The Last Supper provides the purpose for Eucharist, also known as "Holy Communion" or "The Lord's Supper". How it is celebrated. Christian groups have different ways to celebrate this event. The Roman Catholic mass is observed at least weekly. Lutheran, Episcopal and other denominations also do this, but their understanding of its meaning is not identical to that of the Roman Catholics. Other denominations celebrate no more than 4 times a year. Some Christian groups such as the Salvation Army do not celebrate it at all. Churches which celebrate the last supper usually have fixed rituals that are used. This is followed by the believers receiving small pieces of bread and a sip of wine or grape juice. Some churches practice "closed" communion. This means only members of the church can participate. Others, such as Methodists allow all those present to participate. Churches with closed communion may also deny their own members if they are not living according to the rules of the church. The Meaning of the Celebration. The historical Roman Catholic view is that in the Eucharist the bread and wine actually turn into the real body and blood of Jesus, even though their appearance does not change. This would mean that celebrating the Eucharist adds to the sacrifice of Jesus on the Cross. They say it takes away pain or guilt from a person for whom it is celebrated. Protestants say this is wrong. They believe that the celebration helps Christians to remember that Jesus died for them. The sacrifice of Jesus was complete and perfect, and nothing needs to be added to it. The Anglican Church states this clearly in Article 31 of their Articles of faith.
Titus Flavius Josephus (; 37 – 100), born Yosef ben Matityahu ( "Yōsef ben Matiṯyāhu"; "Iṓsēpos Matthíou paîs"), was a Jewish writer and historian who wrote a book about in the First Jewish–Roman War and destruction of Jerusalem in 70 . According to some historians, he wrote briefly about Jesus, some decades after Jesus died. During the First Jewish-Roman War he fought against the Romans until his surrender in 67.
Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus (), commonly known as Suetonius ( ; c. AD 69 – after AD 122), was a Roman historian. His most important work is called "De Vita Caesarum," or "Lives of the Caesars". It includes the biographies of twelve successive Roman rulers, from Julius Caesar to Domitian. Suetonius was born when Vespasian was emperor, so scholars say he must have been born before 79 c.e. His father was from Rome's equestrian social class. He worked as a secretary for Emperor Hadrian but he was accused of something having to do with the empress Sabina and was forced to retire in 121 c.e. He wrote "De Vita Caesarum" after that. Westerners during the medieval and early modern periods thought "De Vita Caesarum" was a very good book. Many scholars have read and translated it. It has been printed in more than 100 separate versions since 1500 a.d.
The Dominican city of Dajabón is the head municipality of the Dajabón province, on the northwestern border with Haiti. Population. The municipality had, in 2010, a total population of 25,245: 12,545 men and 12,700 women. The urban population was of the total population, one of the most urban municipality in the country. History. The city was initially founded between 1771 and 1776 with some families that came from Monte Cristi. During the Dominican War of Independence, the city was abandoned and it was burned several times by the Haitian army. After the war, some families came to live here and in 1864, during the period of the Restoration War, the city was made a municipality. With the creation of the Dajabón Province in 1938, the city was made the head municipality of the new province. Geography. Dajabón has a total area of . It has only one municipal district (a subdivision of a municipality): Cañongo. Dajabón is at to the northwest of Santo Domingo, on the western end of the "Yaque del Norte Valley" (or "Línea Noroeste"), a part of the larger "Cibao" valley. The city is on the eastern side of the Dajabón or Masacre river; this is the only important river in the municipality. There is a bridge across the river and the Haitian city of Ouanaminthe is near the western side of the river. The municipality is on flat land with only small hills. The altitude of the city of Dajabón is above sea level. The municipality of Dajabón has the Monte Cristi province to the north, the municipality of Partido to the east, the municipality of Loma de Cabrera to the south and Haiti to the west. Climate. Dajabón has a tropical wet and dry/savanna climate (Köppen climate classification : Aw). The average amount of rainfall for the year in the city is . Most rains fall during the end of summer. The month with the most precipitation on average is May with of rainfall,
ISO 8601 is an international standard to describe dates and times in the easiest way possible for computers to understand. This standard is based on putting the biggest types of numbers first and the smallest types of numbers last. Because years are bigger than months, and months are bigger than days, they are put in the order of YEAR-MONTH-DAY. A basic ISO date for today looks like 2025-04-. The basic ISO time is 16:. Another very important principle is that when a computer or human puts ISO 8601 dates into alphabetical order, they are also in chronological order. People can also use these dates, but it is currently not common for people in any country to write dates using this standard in their day-to-day lives, though many Asian countries follow YEAR-MONTH-DAY order, but the most formal date format would be DAY/MONTH/YEAR with all numbers 2 digits and slashes.
Geoff Capes (23 August 1949 – 23 October 2024) was an English shotput champion, two times world's strongest man and a champion budgerigar breeder (now president of the British Budgerigar Breeding Association.  He was born in 1949 in Holbeach, Lincolnshire. He is 6 foot 6 inches tall, which is unusually tall. He weighed 139 kg or 306 stone. He used to be a policeman but retired when he became a shotputter in the 1970s. His best throw was in 1980 and was 20.5 metres. This record stood until 2003, over twenty years. Capes once advertised caravans in South Yorkshire. Capes died on 23 October 2024 in Stoke Rochford, Lincolnshire at the age of 75.
The golden eagle ("Aquila chrysaetos") is one of the best-known birds of prey in the northern hemisphere. It is the most widely distributed species of eagle. Golden eagles use their agility and speed combined with powerful feet and massive, sharp talons to snatch up prey. They eat hares, rabbits, marmots and other ground squirrels. Once common across the Holarctic, it has gone from many areas heavily populated by humans. The species is still widespread. It lives in Eurasia, North America, and parts of North Africa. Like all eagles, it belongs to the family Accipitridae. It is one of the largest birds of prey in North America; only the California condor gets larger. Golden eagles also live in the Scottish Highlands.
The Nodicia de Kesos ("Document of Kesos") is the first text written in Spanish. Origins. The document was made between 959 and 974, and shows the evolution of the language from Latin to a romance language. The document. The document was made in Ardón, Kingdom of León, actually a municipality in the province of León, Spain. It is a report about some cheeses written for a monastery. It is now kept in the León Cathedral. "Nodicia de /kesos que /espisit frater /Semeno: jn labore /de fratres jn ilo ba- /celare /de cirka Sancte Ius- /te, kesos U; jn ilo /alio de apate, /II kesos; en [que] /puseron ogano, /kesos IIII; jn ilo /de Kastrelo, I; /jn ila vinia majore, /II; (2ª columna)/que lebaron en fosado, /II, ad ila tore; /que baron a Cegia, /II, quando la talia- /ron ila mesa; II que /lebaron Lejione; II /..s...en /u...re... /...que... /...c... /...e...u /...alio (?) /... /g... Uane Ece; alio ke le /ba de sopbrino de Gomi /de do...a...; IIII que espi- /seron quando llo rege /uenit ad Rocola; /I qua salbatore ibi /uenit."
Malena Ernman (born as Sara Magdalena Ernman, 4 November 1970) is a Swedish opera singer (mezzo-soprano). Ernman has performed chansons, cabaret, jazz and appeared in musicals.  Career. Malena Ernman is today one of Sweden's most popular opera singers and is is a member of The Royal Swedish Academy of Music. Ernman won Melodifestivalen in 2009 and represented Sweden at the Eurovision Song Contest 2009 in Moscow, Russia. Family. Ernman is married to actor Svante Thunberg. They have two children including environmentalist Greta Thunberg. Ernman's father-in-law is actor Olof Thunberg.
A manager is the head coach of a baseball team. His job is to tell the players on the team what to do and make decisions about how the team should play, like who will play in what position.  In the past, managers were usually players. Since they were players, these managers wore the same uniform as the rest of the team. Managers who were not players, such as Connie Mack, would not be dressed in uniform. Today, managers dress in the same uniform as the team, even though most managers today are not players. Managers in Major League Baseball and for many other teams as well are usually former players themselves. Their playing experience may give them more knowledge on the game that they can use to help their team.
In mathematics, a convex regular 4-polytope (or polychoron) is 4-dimensional (4D) polytope which is both regular and convex. These are the four-dimensional analogs of the Platonic solids (in three dimensions) and the regular polygons (in two dimensions). These polytopes were first described by the Swiss mathematician Ludwig Schläfli in the mid-19th century. Schläfli discovered that there are precisely six such figures. Five of these may be thought of as higher dimensional analogs of the Platonic solids. There is one additional figure (the 24-cell) which has no three-dimensional equivalent. Each convex regular 4-polytope is bounded by a set of 3-dimensional "cells" which are all Platonic solids of the same type and size. These are fitted together along their respective faces in a regular fashion. Properties. The following tables lists some properties of the six convex regular polychora. The symmetry groups of these polychora are all Coxeter groups and given in the notation described in that article. The number following the name of the group is the order of the group. Since the boundaries of each of these figures is topologically equivalent to a 3-sphere, whose Euler characteristic is zero, we have the 4-dimensional analog of Euler's polyhedral formula: formula_1 where "N""k" denotes the number of "k"-faces in the polytope (a vertex is a 0-face, an edge is a 1-face, etc.). Visualizations. The following table shows some 2 dimensional projections of these polytopes. Various other visualizations can be found in the other websites below. The Coxeter-Dynkin diagram graphs are also given below the Schläfli symbol.
The Flame nebula, also known as NGC 2024, is a nebula in the constellation Orion. It has no well defined edge. It is about 900 to 1,500 light-years away.  The nebula is part of the Orion complex. This is a star-making area that also has the famous Horsehead nebula in it. The bright star Alnitak (ζ Ori), the most eastern star in the Belt of Orion, shines a glow of electrons into the Flame nebula.
Ardón is a municipality in the province of Llión (Spain). The Nodicia de Kesos, first document in Leonese language, was found in this place.
Syed Mir Jafar Ali Khan Bahadur ( – 5 February 1765) often known as Mir Jafar, his full, formal name Shuja ul-Mulk, Hashim ud-Daula, Nawab Ja'afar 'Ali Khan Bahadur, Mahabat Jang was a Bengali Shia Muslim remembered for the agreement he made with the British when he was Nawab of Bengal. This agreement meant that the Army of Bengal surrendered to the British army and were killed at the Battle of Plassey. This was the start of the British rule in Bengal. He is remembered by the people of Bengal and Pakistan. The word "mirjafar" in Bengali and the phrase "meer jafar" in Urdu now are often used to mean traitor. Mir Jafar was an influential figure in the history of Bengal during the 18th century. He was born in the early 1690s and hailed from a noble family. Mir Jafar initially served as a commander in the army of Nawab Alivardi Khan, the ruler of Bengal. However, in 1757, during the Battle of Plassey, he betrayed the Nawab and colluded with the British East India Company. This treacherous act resulted in the British victory over the Nawab's forces, marking a significant turning point in the colonization of India by the British. In return for his betrayal, Mir Jafar was installed as the puppet Nawab of Bengal by the British. His reign as Nawab was marred by corruption and subservience to the British, which led to discontent among the people. Mir Jafar's name became synonymous with betrayal, and he is almost exclusively remembered as a traitor in South Asian history.
In Euclidean space, a region is a convex set if the following is true. For any two points inside the region, a straight line segment can be drawn. If every point on that segment is inside the region, then the region is convex. The point is that a convex curve forms the boundary of a convex set. So, any shape which is concave, or has a hollow, cannot be a convex set.
Shah Azizur Rahman (; 23 November 1925 – 1 September 1989) was a Bangladeshi politician. He was the Prime Minister of Bangladesh. However, he was the subject of considerable controversy for his collaboration with the Pakistan Army against the struggle to establish Bangladesh. He was Prime Minister under President Zia. He was a veteran parliamentarian. He was famous for his razor sharp tongue. He was fluent in several languages.
Mutualism is a relationship between two organisms in which both benefit. It is a type of symbiosis which improves the biological fitness of both parties. The two organisms usually come from widely different types, often from different phyla or even kingdoms. The term is not used for any cooperation between animals of the same species. Edouard van Beneden (18091894) introduced the term into evolutionary biology and ecology in the 1870s. Examples:
In four dimensional geometry, a 16-cell, is a regular convex polychoron, or polytope existing in four dimensions. It is also known as the hexadecachoron. It is one of the six regular convex polychora first described by the Swiss mathematician Ludwig Schläfli in the mid-19th century.  Conway calls it an orthoplex for "orthant complex", as well as the entire class of cross-polytopes. Geometry. The hexadecachoron is a member of the family of polytopes called the cross-polytopes, which exist in all dimensions. As such, its dual polychoron is the tesseract (the 4-dimensional hypercube). It is bounded by 16 cells, all of which are regular tetrahedra. It has 32 triangular faces, 24 edges, and 8 vertices. The 24 edges bound 6 squares lying in the 6 coordinate planes. The eight vertices of the hexadecachoron are (±1, 0, 0, 0), (0, ±1, 0, 0), (0, 0, ±1, 0), (0, 0, 0, ±1). All vertices are connected by edges except opposite pairs. The Schläfli symbol of the hexadecachoron is {3,3,4}. Its vertex figure is a regular octahedron. There are 8 tetrahedra, 12 triangles, and 6 edges meeting at every vertex. Its edge figure is a square. There are 4 tetrahedra and 4 triangles meeting at every edge. There is a lower symmetry form of the "16-cell", called a demitesseract or 4-demicube, a member of the demihypercube family, and represented by h{4,3,3}, and can be drawn bicolored with alternating tetrahedral cells. Tessellations. One can tessellate 4-dimensional Euclidean space by regular 16-cells. This is called the hexadecachoric honeycomb and has Schläfli symbol {3
In mathematics, a regular polytope is a shape with sides and vertices that are symmetrical. Like other polytopes, regular polytopes are found in any number of dimensions. A two-dimensional regular polytope is a regular polygon, and a three-dimensional regular polytope is a regular polyhedron. Even though these groups include different shapes, they are based on the same idea of the shapes having regular symmetry. Regular polytopes have regular facets (faces, as seen from the 3D viewpoint), and their vertex figures are regular. Each number of dimensions has a different set of regular polytopes. However, all of them have a simple shape. The simplest of regular polytopes is the triangle in 2D, the tetrahedron in 3D, and the pentachoron in 4D.
Moudud Ahmed (May 24, 1940 – March 16, 2021) was a Bangladeshi politician. He was a member of the Jatiya Sangsad between 1979 until 1982, 1986 until 1996 and 2001 until 2006. Ahmed was the Prime Minister of Bangladesh from 1988 to 1989 as part of General Ershad's Jatiyo's party. He was also the Minister of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs as part of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) of Begum Khaleda Zia's term between 2001 and 2006. In 2010 he became one of the leaders of the BNP. From 1989 until 1990, Ahmed was Vice President of Bangladesh during the final year of Hussain Muhammad Ershad presidency. Ahmed was hospitalized for lung congestion and kidney problems in Singapore on February 1, 2021. He died a month later on March 16, at the age of 80.
Ziaur Rahman ( Ziaur Rôhman; 19 January 1936 – 30 May 1981) was a Bangladeshi war hero, politician and statesman. He was the President of Bangladesh from 1976 until 1981 and founded the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP), one of the two largest political parties in the country. His widow, Begum Khaleda Zia, has been Prime Minister of Bangladesh three times.
In geometry, a vertex figure is the figure that results when the area around a vertex (corner) of a polyhedron or other kind of polytope is sliced off. The vertex figure of a polytope looks like a shape from the previous dimension. For example, the vertex figure of a cube is a triangle.  The shape of a vertex figure on a polyhedron comes from how many of its faces are connected at one vertex. For example, the octahedron has a vertex figure shaped like a square (a four-sided shape) because its vertices each have four triangles connecting together.  Besides its number of sides, the exact shape of a vertex figure is different if the faces are meet in a different way. For example, each vertex of a cuboctahedron has four faces meeting: two triangles and two squares. The polygon faces’ different numbers of sides means that the vertex figure, a rectangle, has two different lengths for its sides.  When the vertex figures of one polyhedron have exactly the same shape as the faces of another polyhedron, and the other polyhedron’s vertex figures match the faces of the first polyhedron, the two polyhedra are dual to each other.