ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Mulhouse is a commune in Alsace in north-eastern France, in the Haut-Rhin department, of which it is a subprefecture. It is in the Grand Est region. The "commune" is in the historical and cultural region of Alsace, close to the Swiss and German borders. History. Mulhouse dates back to the XIIth century. Medieval Mulhouse consists of an upper and a lower town. Geography. Mulhouse is in the southern part of the plain of Alsace in the Haut-Rhin department. Two rivers run through Mulhouse, the Doller and the Ill, both tributaries of the Rhine. It has an area of . Its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is . The distances from Mulhouse to other cities are: The "commune" of Mulhouse is surrounded by the "communes" Riedisheim, Rixheim, Morschwiller-le-Bas and Pfastatt. Climate. The area around Mulhouse, at an altitude of about , is characterized by climates with few extremes of temperature. The Köppen climate classification type for the climate at Strasbourg is a "Marine West Coast Climate" and of the subtype "Cfb". The average amount of precipitation for the year in Mulhouse is . The month with the most precipitation on average is June with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is January with an average of . The average temperature for the year in Mulhouse is . The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of . Population. The inhabitants of Mulhouse are known, in French, as "Mulhousiens" (women: "Mulhousiennes"). With a population of 111,167, Mulhouse has a population density of inhabitants/km2. Evolution of the population in Mulhouse Mulhouse forms, together with 19 other "communes", the urban area of Mulhouse with a population of 246,693 inhabitants (2014) and an area of . This urban area is the centre of the metropolitan area of Mulhouse, formed by 60
Boulogne-Billancourt (often called Boulogne or Boulbi) is a town in the western suburbs of Paris in France. Boulogne-Billancourt is a sub-prefecture of the Hauts-de-Seine département. It is in the Île-de-France region. Its population is around 106,000. Its land area is 6.17 km². Its population density is 17,877/km². Boulogne-Billancourt is one of the most densely populated municipalities in Europe. Several major communication companies headquarters are in Boulbi. The hospital Ambroise-Paré Hospital is in the city and one campus of the École supérieure des sciences commerciales d'Angers.
Perpignan () is a city in the south of France. It is also a commune and the capital of the Pyrénées-Orientales department. Perpignan was the capital of the old province and county of Roussillon ("Rosselló" in Catalan) and continental capital of the Kingdom of Majorca in the 13th and 14th centuries. Perpignan was named, from 2001, as a "City of Art and History" () by the French Ministry of Culture and Communication. Name of the city. Perpignan is mentioned in a document from 927 as "Villa Perpinianum". Later, there are other, but similar, names: In Catalan, the regional language of the Pyrénées-Orientales, the name of the city is "". History. Middle Ages. The medieval town of Perpignan seems to have been founded around the beginning of the 10th century (first mentioned in a document as "villa Perpinianum" in 927). Soon Perpignan became the capital of the County of Roussillon. The last Count of Rossillon, Girard II, gave his lands in 1172 to the King of Aragón and Count of Barcelona. Perpignan was made a partly self-governing commune in 1197. The French king Louis IX gave the Roussillon to the Kingdom of Aragón by the Treaty of Corbeil (1258). Kingdom of Majorca. When James I the Conqueror, king of Aragon and count of Barcelona, founded in 1229 the Kingdom of Majorca, Perpignan became the capital of the territory on the mainland. This continued from 1278 to 1344. The "Castle of the Kings of Majorca" () was built during this period. The different parts of the kingdom were the Balearic Islands, Northern Catalonia (Roussillon and Cerdagne) and the coastal area of Montpellier. This period is considered the golden age in the history of the city. Perpignan became an important center of cloth industry, leather and goldsmiths' and other
Murrurundi is a small country town in the Upper Hunter Valley of New South Wales. Murrurundi is by road from Newcastle and km from Sydney. In 2006 there were 2162 people (ABS 2006) living in Murrurundi. The town is circled by mountains of the Liverpool Range. It is on the Pages River, which flows into the Hunter River. The name "Murrurundi" is from an Aboriginal word meaning "Five fingers". This is the name given to a group of rocks at the north end of the town. History. The first people to live in the Murrurundi area were the Australian aboriginal people, the Wanaruah and the Kamilaroi. European settlement of the area began in the 1820s. Benjamin Hall, the father of bushranger Ben Hall started a cattle farm in the area in 1839. The town was started by the New South Wales government in 1840. In the same year, a local land owner - Thomas Haydon - started his own town called Haydonton. Benjamin Hall opened a butcher's shop in Haydonton in 1842. Ben Hall lived here until the age of 13. In 1913, the two towns were joined together to make the modern-day town of Murrurundi. Mining. Kerosene shale was first mined at Mount Temi, north of Murrurundi in 1886. The mine was reopened in 1910. The shale was moved from the mine on a rope system known as an aerial ropeway. It was then loaded onto trains at a railway built at Temple Court, just west of Murrurundi. The mine closed in the First World War. Sport. Every year there is a rodeo and the King of the Ranges stockman (cowboy) contest. Other sports played in the town include rugby, touch football, swimming, and cricket. Railway station. Murrurundi railway station is on the Main North railway line, from Sydney. The station opened in 1872. There is a large brick station-house, a passing loop and goods yard. There is a train to and from Sydney and Armidale/Moree every day.
Roubaix is a city in the Nord department, in the Hauts-de-France region, in north France. About 94,000 live there at about 7,119 people per square kilometer. It is near the cities Lille and Tourcoing. There is a metro and tram line between Roubaix and these places. Roubaix is near the Belgian border. The city is well known for its cycling race Paris-Roubaix which is over 259.5 km and includes almost 50 km of cobblestone sections. Twin towns. Roubaix is twinned with:
Pau is a commune in southwestern France, in the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. It is the "prefecture" (capital) of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department. It is also the capital of 6 "cantons" in the department: Jurançon, Pau-Centre, Pau-Est, Pau-Nord, Pau-Ouest and Pau-Sud. Pau is the second city of Aquitaine, after Bordeaux. Pau was also the capital of the old historical province of Béarn. Geography. Pau is at about from Bordeaux and from Toulouse, on a 200 m elevation overlooking the valley of a mountain river called the Gave de Pau, and at from the Atlantic Ocean and at from the Pyrenees. It has an area of and its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is . Pau is surrounded by the "communes" Buros, Montardon, Morlaàs, Bizanos, Idron, Gelos, Jurançon,Lons and Billère. Climate. The climate of Pau is Marine West Coast Climate (Köppen climate classification "Cfb"), with mild winters and warm summers. The average temperature for the year in Pau is 13.5 °C (56.3 °F). The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of 20.7 °C (69.3 °F). The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of 6.6 °C (43.9 °F). The average amount of precipitation for the year in Pau is . The month with the most precipitation on average is December with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is February with an average of . Population. With a population of 77,575, Pau has a population density of inhabitants/km2. The inhabitants of Pau are known, in French, as "Palois" (women: "Paloises"). Administration. Pau is the "prefecture" of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department since 1796. It is also the capital of four "Cantons": Twin towns. Pau is twinned with:
John Dunn (14 December 1846 – 19 March 1866) was an Australian bushranger. He was only 17 years old when he joined up with Ben Hall and John Gilbert and became a member of their gang. Early life. He was born at Murrumburrah near Yass, New South Wales. His parents were Michael Dunn and Margaret Kelly. Dunn was only a small youth and worked as a jockey. He had robbed a Chinese gold miner and been in trouble with the police.  Ben Hall's gang. Dunn was a member of the gang when they tried to rob the mail coach near Jugiong on 16 November 1864. Gilbert shot Sergeant Parry to death during the robbery. The government already had offered reward money for the capture of the Gilbert and Hall; they now offered £500 for John Dunn. The bushrangers spent Christmas, 1864, with Dunn's parents at Murrumburrah. After visiting Dunn's grandfather, John Kelly, near Binalong they rode to Binda on Boxing Day, 26 December. Gilbert and Dunn spent the night dancing at the Flag Hotel. Hall stood at the door and stopped people from going to get the police. On 26 January 1865, Hall, Gilbert and Dunn were at Collector, south of Goulburn. While Hall and Gilbert were robbing the hotel, John Dunn stayed outside to watch for the police. Most of the police were out in the bush searching for the bushrangers. Policeman, Constable Samuel Nelson, was told the bushrangers were at the hotel. He told his wife he would "have to do his best". As he walked up to the hotel Dunn fired two shots into his face. Nelson was the father of nine children. One of the children saw the shooting. The bushrangers stole Nelson's gun, and his personal belongings and then left the town. During the next three months, the gang continued to rob from farmhouses and mail coaches. Outlaw. In May 1865, Hall, Gilbert, and Dunn were made "outlaws"; they could be killed by anyone at anytime. Hall was found by the police in the bush near
Gianfranco Zola OBE (born 5 July 1966) is an Italian former football player. He is currently the vice-president of Lega Pro, the organisation for the Italian Serie C football league. As a footballer he played for Napoli, Parma, Chelsea and Cagliari He was renowned for his technique, skill and dribbling. In total, he played in 632 league games and scored 184 goals in his career. He became manager of West Ham on 11 September 2008, replacing Alan Curbishley, after he stopped working as Italy Under-21's manager. Source: Source: Career statistics. International. International goals "Scores and results list Italy's goal tally first." Honours. Torres Napoli Parma Chelsea Italy Individual
Asnières-sur-Seine is a town in France near Paris. It is in the region Île-de-France and the department Hauts-de-Seine. About 76,000 people live there. It is one of the most densely populated municipalities in Europe (its density is 17,178/km²). History. "Asnières-sur-Seine" used to just be called Asnières. The name Asnières was first mentionned in 1158 as "Asnerias", from Medieval Latin "asinaria", meaning "donkey farm". The soil of Asnières was poor, where heather grew in Medieval times, was probably only good enough for breeding donkeys. Economy. Different famous companies are located in Asnières:
Fort-de-France is the capital of the French Caribbean oversees department of Martinique. It is one of the major cities in the Caribbean. Martinique exports sugar, rum, tinned fruit, and cacao from the port in Fort-de-France. Sister city. Fort-de-France is twinned with:
Drake Jared Bell (born June 27, 1986) is an American actor, singer. Bell has released a song for Nickelodeon television series Drake &amp; Josh named "I Found a Way". Life. Bell was born in Santa Ana, California in 1986. On December 29, 2005, he was badly hurt in a car accident in Los Angeles. He was in the car with a friend. and an oncoming vehicle hit Bell's car, This caused a broken neck, six dislodged teeth, a broken jaw and a deep cut across his chin. Bell had plastic surgery to fix his face. In 2018, he married Janet Von Schmeling. They have one son, Schmeling filed for divorce in 2022. During an interview for the 2024 documentary "Quiet on Set: The Dark Side of Kids TV", Bell revealed that Brian Peck, an acting coach, had sexually abused him during his time acting on "The Amanda Show". On August 19, 2003, Peck was arrested and convicted of lewd conduct with a minor. Career. Acting. Bell started to act when he was 5 years old. At the age of 8, he wrote his first song. When he was 9, he played "Tyler" in the movie "Ghost". In 1993, he started to act in "The Amanda Show" with Amanda Bynes. He played Drake Parker on the television series "Drake &amp; Josh". In 2002, Bell played in the movies "Superhero!" and "Merry Christmas, Drake &amp; Josh". Music. Bell learned to play guitar when he was 13. On August 23, 2005, he started to sell his first album, "Telegraph". In December 2006, he started to sell his second album, "Its Only Time". His third album was released in 2014.  Controversies. Bell has made comments that have upset a lot of people. He made a negative comment when Caitlyn Jenner appeared on the cover of Vanity Fair. He deleted the comment soon after he posted it but it was still seen
Saffron () is a spice made from the stigma of the flower of the saffron plant. The spice is used in cooking as a seasoning and as a food colouring. It is native to Southwest Asia. It is the world's most expensive spice, and has been for a long time. Saffron has a bitter taste and smells like hay. This smell is caused by the chemicals picrocrocin and safranal. Saffron also contains a dye, crocin, that gives food a rich golden colour. Saffron is a part of many foods from around the world, and is also used in medicine. The word "saffron" comes from the 12th century Old French word ', which comes from the Latin word '. ' is also related to the Italian ' and Spanish '. "Safranum" comes from the Arabic word ' which means "yellow". Biology. The cultivated saffron (saffron crocus "C. sativus") flowers in the autumn and comes up every year. It is a perennial plant. It does not grow wild, and is a triploid form of the eastern Mediterranean plant called "Crocus cartwrightianus". It is thought that "C. cartwrightianus" came from Crete. The saffron crocus resulted when "C. cartwrightianus" was subjected to a lot of artificial selection by growers who wanted plants with longer stigmas. It can not reproduce because the saffron crocus's purple flowers do not produce useful seeds. This means that reproduction needs human help. The corms (underground bulb-like starch-storing organs) must be dug up, broken apart, and planted again. A corm lives for only one season. It is reproduced by splitting into up to ten "cormlets" that will grow into new plants. The corms are small brown balls up to in diameter and are covered in thick parallel fibres. After a period in summer known as "aestivation", some narrow green leaves come up from the ground. These can grow to up to in length. The number of leaves is between five and eleven. In autumn, purple buds
Argenteuil is a town northwest of Paris, France. Argenteuil is a sub-prefecture of the Val-d'Oise department. Argenteuil is the second most populated town in the suburbs of Paris (after Boulogne-Billancourt) and the most populated commune in the Val-d'Oise department; however it is not the prefecture. Its population is about 94,000 (1999). Claude Monet painted things in Argenteuil many times.
The virgin birth of Jesus is a belief held by Christians and Muslims. It says that Mary, Jesus' mother, was a virgin even after she became pregnant with Jesus. By the 2nd century, most people in the Christian church believed this. The idea of the virgin birth was included in the two most common Christian creeds, the Nicene Creed and the Apostles' Creed. The Nicene Creed says that Jesus "was incarnate of the Holy Spirit and the Virgin Mary" (meaning that Jesus was God in human form, and was born to the Virgin Mary). The Apostles' Creed also says that Jesus was "born of the Virgin Mary." The belief was not challenged, except by some sects which were not very important, before the Enlightenment theology of the eighteenth century. The Gospels of Matthew and Luke say that Mary was a virgin and that Jesus was created by the Holy Spirit. These Gospels started the belief that Jesus' creation was a miracle. This belief, which is now common in Christianity, says that Jesus had no natural father; no sexual intercourse and no male seed was involved in creating him. The Gospel of Matthew also says that the virgin birth of Jesus fulfills a prophecy from the Book of Isaiah. Since the second century, the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church have taught that Mary gave birth as a virgin (meaning she stayed a "virgo intacta" - an "intact virgin" - even after giving birth). The virgin birth of Jesus is also part of Islam. The Qur'an often describes Jesus as "Jesus, son of Mary" ("Isa bin Maryam"). Beliefs about the virgin birth. Hidden meaning. According to Uta Ranke-Heinemann, the idea that Jesus was born to a virgin was not meant to be taken literally (as if it really happened). Instead, it is an allegory about something special that God did. It is like the story about how God made Adam. Both Adam and Jesus were God's creations. Illegitimacy. Raymond Brown argues that Jesus may have been an illegitimate child. This idea first appeared around 177-180 AD. Around this time, Celsus wrote that Jesus himself
Tourcoing () is a town in the Nord department and Nord-Pas-de-Calais region in France. It is near Lille and Roubaix. There is a metro and tram line between Tourcoing and these places, which are all close to the Belgian border. There is a Napoleon III-style "Hôtel de ville" (town hall) built in 1885. Twin towns. Tourcoing is twinned with:
Consensus is a term which describes general agreement among members of a group or community. It also means the theory and process of bringing a group together in agreement.  Wikipedia. The cooperative spirit of consensus is different from the competitive spirit which is brought to a point in majority voting. As per the Wikipedia founder Jimmy Wales, We are really strongly focused on consensus. One criticism of Wikipedia is that the majority rules. But majority is not the right way to describe it. We strive for consensus rather than majority rule. If you are in a group of five or ten people working on an article, if 30 percent of those working on the article dissent, then continue to write the article until all but the most unreasonable agree. Those who continue to disagree are typically exhibiting non-collaborative, and sometimes abusive, behavior.
Joseph Charles "Chuck" Bernard (August 29, 1911 in Chicago, Illinois – March 1962) was a professional American football center who played for the Detroit Lions in 1934 and was a two-time All-American at the University of Michigan. NFL Career. After graduating from the University of Michigan, Bernard played 10 games for the Detroit Lions in 1934.
Saint-Denis is a city and "commune" in the north suburbs of Paris, France. Saint-Denis is a sub-prefecture of the Seine-Saint-Denis departement, and is the seat of the Arrondissement of Saint-Denis. It is in the Île-de-France region. Inhabitants of Saint-Denis are called "Dionysiens". Saint-Denis is home to the Saint Denis Basilica. France's national football stadium, Stade de France, built in 1998 for the Football World Cup is in Saint-Denis. Saint-Denis used to be an industrial suburb, but its reconverting its economic base. History. Almost every French king since Dagobert Ist, was buried in the Basilica. Saint-Denis dates back to the second century. It used to be a village called "Catolacus". Saint Denis, the first bishop of Paris, was martyred in about 250 AD. He was buried in the cemetery of Catolacus. Denis' tomb became a place of worship. During the French Revolution in 1793, the city was renamed "Franciade", and the royal necropolis was looted and destroyed. The name was changed back in 1803. During the Second World War, the Germans occupied Saint-Denis from June 13, 1940. The town was liberated by General Leclerc on August 27. Other facts. The painter Claude Monet was born in Saint-Denis.
The University of Minnesota, Twin Cities (U of M or The U) is a public university. Most of the buildings are in Minneapolis, and some more buildings are about 3 miles (4.8 km) away near Saint Paul. These two parts are called the Twin Cities campus, and together they are the oldest and largest part of the University of Minnesota system. The Twin Cities campus is the flagship of the system. The University of Minnesota is one of the Public Ivy universities in America, which is like saying they can give people an experience in college similar to the Ivy League. The University of Minnesota was started in 1851, and they are now in the Association of American Universities. There are lots of students and teachers at the University of Minnesota. Some of them have won Nobel Prizes and Pulitzer Prizes. Some famous people who went to the University of Minnesota are Hubert Humphrey, Walter Mondale, and Bob Dylan. The nickname of the University of Minnesota is the Golden Gophers. Areas of Study. Structure. The University of Minnesota is structured into different units that study specific things. There are 19 units: The University of Minnesota also has some smaller parts made up of people from across the units working together: Campuses. Kinds of People. The campus is made up of more than 50,000 people, so the University of Minnesota is the sixth largest in the United States. There are many kinds of people that are part of the University of Minnesota, from a lot of different places and groups. As of Fall 2017, there are 31,535 people who are studying for an undergraduate degree — that is, a level of learning that someone can get after high school. Of that number, 5,858 are new to the University of Minnesota trying to get a degree for the first time. There are also 12,614 people trying to get a degree that's even higher than an undergraduate degree, like becoming a doctor. Minneapolis Campus. The campus started near the Saint Anthony Falls on the Mississippi River, but people moved about 1 mile (1.6 km) over to the place it is today. The old site is now a small park. They closed
Dixie Dean (born William Ralph Dean, 22 January 1907 – 1 March 1980) was an English football player. He played for Everton F.C. during the 1920s and 30s. He scored more goals than any other player in English football history. Dean was born in Birkenhead in Merseyside. He began his career at his hometown club Tranmere Rovers before moving on to Everton. He was particularly known for scoring goals with his head. Dean played most of his career at Everton. When injuries caught up with him, he moved on to Notts County. Dean is best known for scoring 60 goals in the 1927–28 First Division season. He also scored 18 goals in 16 appearances for England. A statue of Dean was unveiled outside Goodison Park in 2001. A year later, he became one of the first 22 players inducted into the English Football Hall of Fame. Dean was the first Everton player to wear the number 9 shirt, and is regarded as one of the greatest footballers of all time. Honours and achievements. Everton Sligo Rovers England Individual "Scores and results list England's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Dean goal."