ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Citizen science is when regular people help scientists study the world. Citizen scientists usually collect information and send it to a team of scientists, who examine and process it. Most citizen scientists are volunteers and do not get paid. Sometimes scientists ask for help from people who are collecting information anyway. For example, scientists studying birds might ask birdwatchers to record which birds they see and hear and then tell the scientists. The National Audubon Society has been running a Christmas Bird Count since 1900. Smartphones and GPS have made citizen science easier to do and easier for scientists to ask for and use. For example, in FrogWatch USA, citizen scientists go to places where frogs live and use their phones to make recordings of the sounds they hear. Not all citizen science programs mean going outside. In EyeWire, volunteers visit a website and click on what they can see. This helps scientists tell how the brain works with things the eyes see. In other citizen science programs, volunteers measure temperature to track climate change, tell scientists when different plants start to grow in the spring, search for aliens in space, and design better bicycle routes.
The Haroun was the government of the Daraawiish, a 19th century Dhulbahante state. The British government realized how important the haroun was. They said this about it: "but the Haroun, which was his emblem of power and seat of government, offered a fairly large though movable objective. Though the Mullah himself might escape, the capture of the Haroun meant the destruction of his prestige, and, in all probability, his own final surrender."
Wolfgang Winkler (2 March 1943 – 7 December 2019) was a German actor. He was best known for starring in movies such as "The Rabbit Is Me", "Das Mädchen auf dem Brett" and "I Was Nineteen", as well as playing Hauptkommissar Herbert Schneider in the television series Polizeiruf 110. Winkler died of cancer on 7 December 2019 at the age of 76.
Freddy Emmer better known as Fred Emmer (23 August 1934 – 24 December 2019) was a Dutch news presenter. He was born in Amsterdam. He was known for his works for NTS and NOS. Emmer died on 24 December 2019 in Amsterdam at the age of 85.
LaDell Andersen (October 25, 1929 – December 29, 2019) was an American college and professional basketball coach. He was born in Malad City, Idaho. He coached for Utah State Aggies, Utah Stars and for BYU Cougars. He played for Utah State University.  Andersen died on December 29, 2019 in St. George, Utah at the age of 90.
Jan Fedder (14 January 1955 – 30 December 2019) was a German actor. He was born in Hamburg, Germany. He was best known for his role as police officer Dirk Matthies in the German television show "Großstadtrevier". He was also known for his role as the crude Petty Officer Pilgrim in Wolfgang Petersen's "Das Boot". Fedder was diagnosed with oral cancer in 2012. He died on 30 December 2019 in Hamburg of the disease, aged 64.
Sydney Jay Mead (July 18, 1933 – December 30, 2019) was an American industrial designer and neofuturistic concept artist. He was known for his designs for science-fiction movies such as "Blade Runner", "Alien" and "Tron". Mead was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota. Mead died of lymphoma in Pasadena, California on December 30, 2019 at the age of 86.
Nils Henrik Christian Sundgren, known as Nils Petter Sundgren, (24 February 1929 – 30 December 2019) was a Swedish movie critic and television presenter. He worked for "Filmkrönikan" broadcast on SVT. Sundgren was born in Bromma, Sweden. Sundgren died on 30 December 2019 in Stockholm at the age of 90.
Alajangi Viswanath Swamy (18 July 1928 – 31 December 2019) was an Indian politician. He was elected to the Rajya Sabha the Upper house of Indian Parliament from Odisha as an Independent candidate. From 2012 through 2018 he was in the parliament. Swamy was born in Nabarangpur, Odisha. Swamy died at his home of cardiac arrest on 31 December 2019 in Bhubaneswar, Odisha at the age of 91.
Christopher John Reuel Tolkien (21 November 1924 – 16 January 2020) was an English editor, essayist and educator. He was the third son of the author J. R. R. Tolkien (1892–1973). He was the editor of much of his father's posthumously published work. He drew the original maps for his father's "The Lord of the Rings", which he signed C.J.R.T. He was born in Leeds, England. He published "The Saga of King Heidrek the Wise". Tolkien was a lecturer and tutor in English Language at New College, Oxford, from 1964 to 1975. Tolkien died on 15 January 2020 in Draguignan, Var, France, at the age of 95.
George Maxwell Alagiah (; 22 November 1955 – 24 July 2023 was a British newsreader, journalist and television news presenter. He was born in Colombo, Ceylon. Since December 2007, he had been the presenter of the "BBC News at Six" and had also been the main presenter of "GMT" on BBC World News since February 2010. He was also the main presenter for the "BBC Ten O'Clock News" since the year 2000. In April 2014, he was diagnosed with colorectal cancer. In March 2018, he said his cancer was terminal. He died on 24 July 2023 from the disease in London, England, aged 67.
The Two Popes is a British-Italian-American 2019 biographical drama movie directed by Fernando Meirelles and written by Anthony McCarten. It was adapted from McCarten's 2017 play "The Pope". It stars Anthony Hopkins as Pope Benedict XVI and Jonathan Pryce as Cardinal Jorge Mario Bergoglio (later Pope Francis). The movie had a limited theatrical release in the United States on November 27, 2019 and in the United Kingdom on November 29, 2019, and started digital streaming on December 20, 2019, by Netflix.
1917 is an American-British 2019 epic war movie.  Production. It was directed and produced by Sam Mendes, who wrote the screenplay with Krysty Wilson-Cairns. The movie stars George MacKay and Dean-Charles Chapman, with Mark Strong, Andrew Scott, Richard Madden, Claire Duburcq, Colin Firth, and Benedict Cumberbatch in supporting roles. The movie is inspired by a story told to Mendes by his paternal grandfather, Alfred Mendes, about his time serving in World War I.  Plot. Taking place soon after the German retreat to the Hindenburg Line and Operation Alberich, the movie is about two young British soldiers who were given a mission to deliver a message calling off a doomed offensive attack. This message is especially important to one of the soldiers because his brother will be part of the attack. Schedule. The project was officially announced in June 2018. MacKay and Chapman signed on in October and the rest of the cast the following March. Filming took place from April to June 2019 in the UK, with cinematographer Roger Deakins and editor Lee Smith using long takes to have the entire movie appear as two continuous shots. "1917" premiered in the UK on 4 December 2019 and was released theatrically in the United States on 25 December by Universal Pictures and in the United Kingdom on 10 January 2020 by Entertainment One. The movie received widespread critical praise and was a box office success, grossing $384 million worldwide. Awards. The movie had ten nominations at the 92nd Academy Awards including Best Picture and Best Director, and three wins, for Best Cinematography, Best Visual Effects, and Best Sound Mixing. It was the last movie to win the Academy Award for Best Sound Mixing before the category was combined with Best Sound Editing as a single award for Best Sound. The movie also won Best Picture at the 77th Golden Globe Awards, 73rd BAFTA Film Awards, and PGA Awards, while Mendes won Best Director at the Golden Globes, BAFTAs, and DGA Awards. The movie was also chosen by both the National Board of Review and the American Film Institute as one of the top ten movies of 2019.
Harry Kupfer (12 August 1935 — 30 December 2019) was a German opera director and academic. He was born in Berlin. Kupfer was a long-time director at the Komische Oper Berlin. He worked at major opera houses and at festivals internationally. He was trained by Walter Felsenstein. He has worked in the tradition of realistic directing. At the Bayreuth Festival, he staged Wagner's "Der fliegende Holländer" in 1978, and "Der Ring des Nibelungen" in 1988. At the Salzburg Festival, he directed the premiere of Penderecki's "Die schwarze Maske" in 1986, and "Der Rosenkavalier" by Richard Strauss in 2014. He also worked for Hochschule für Musik Franz Liszt, Weimar and Hochschule für Musik "Hanns Eisler". Kupfer died on 30 December 2019 in Berlin at the age of 84.
Krzysztof Eugeniusz Penderecki (; 23 November 1933 – 29 March 2020) was a Polish composer and conductor. "The Guardian" called him Poland's greatest living composer in 2012. He was born in Dębica, Poland. His best known works are "Threnody to the Victims of Hiroshima", Symphony No. 3, his "St. Luke Passion", "Polish Requiem", "Anaklasis" and "Utrenja".  Penderecki has won many awards, including the Commander's Cross in 1964, the Prix Italia in 1967 and 1968, the Knight's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta in 1964, four Grammy Awards in 1987, 1998 (twice), and 2017, Wolf Prize in Arts in 1987. Penderecki died on 29 March 2020 of a long-illness in Krakow, Poland at the age of 86.
Giovanni Innocenzo Martinelli OFM (5 February 1942 – 30 December 2019) was a Libyan-Italian Roman Catholic prelate. He was an Vicar Apostolic of Tripoli and the Titular Bishop of Tabuda. Martinelli was born in Tripoli, Libya. He was ordained as a Roman Catholic priest in 1967 and returned to Libya in 1971. In 1985 he was appointed the Vicar Apostolic of Tripoli and the Titular Bishop of Tabuda. He retired on February 5, 2017 and was replaced by George Bugeja. Martinelli died on 30 December 2019 at the age of 77.
Gertrude Himmelfarb (August 8, 1922 – December 30, 2019), also known as Bea Kristol, was an American historian. She was a leader and critic of conservative works of history and historiography. She wrote on intellectual history, with a focus on Great Britain and the Victorian era. She was born in New York City. In 2004, she was honored with the National Humanities Medal by President George W. Bush. Himmelfarb was married to neoconservative icon Irving Kristol. They had two children; including Chief of Staff to Vice President Bill Kristol.  Himmelfarb died on December 30, 2019 in Washington, D.C. of congestive heart failure at the age of 97.
The 2019–20 Australian bushfire season impacted many parts of New South Wales: namely the North Coast, Mid North Coast, Cessnock, the Hunter Region, the Hawkesbury north west of Sydney, the Wollondilly south west of Sydney, the Blue Mountains and the South Coast.  Central Queensland and South Eastern Queensland were barely affected in November. On 20 December, serious fires took hold in South Australia, especially in the Cudlee Creek area of the Adelaide hills. By 21 December 2019, the fires had burnt over 3,000,000 hectares, destroyed over 700 houses and killed at least 33 people.
use both this parameter and |birth_date to display the person's date of birth, date of death, and age at death) --&gt; Constance Wu (born March 22, 1982) is an American actress. She stars as Jessica Huang in the ABC television comedy "Fresh Off the Boat" (2015–present). She is also known for her movie roles in "Crazy Rich Asians" (2018), for which she was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Comedy or Musical, and "Hustlers" (2019).
Hustler is a pornographic magazine targeted at men and a general brand of Larry Flynt Publications. Hustler or hustlers may also refer to:
Romell Broom (June 4, 1956 – December 28, 2020) was an American man convicted of murder, kidnapping, and rape. He was convicted in 1984 of abducting and killing Tryna Middleton, age 14, who was walking home from a football game in East Cleveland, Ohio.  In 2003, Broom accepted an offer from the state of Ohio for a DNA test to try to prove his innocence. However, the test results proved that he was guilty. Broom also has convictions for robbery, aggravated robbery and four counts of kidnap of a male child. He was also convicted in a separate incidence of raping a female child. On May 19, 2017, the Ohio Supreme Court scheduled an execution date for Broom, on June 17, 2020. His execution was pushed to 2022. Broom died on December 28, 2020, at age 64 from COVID-19 in Ohio, aged 64.
Jack Garfein (July 2, 1930 – December 30, 2019) was an American director and acting teacher. He was known for his teaching works at the Actors Studio in New York City. He was also known for directing the 1961 sexual-drama "Something Wild". Garfein produced two plays by Arthur Miller, "The Price" and "The American Clock", and went on to direct other Broadway productions such as "The Sin of Pat Muldoon", and "Girls of Summer". He directed the French premiere of "Master Harold"...and the Boys in Paris, and the world premiere of "Nacht und Träume" by Samuel Beckett in Austria. Garfien was born in Mukacevo, Carpathian Ruthenia, Czechoslovakia . He was married to actress Carroll Baker from 1955 until they divorced in 1969. They had two daughters. Garfien died on December 30, 2019 in Manhattan from leukemia-related problems at the age of 89.
The Actors Studio is a membership organization for professional actors, theatre directors and playwrights at 432 West 44th Street between Ninth and Tenth Avenues in the Hell's Kitchen neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City.  It was founded on October 5, 1947, by Elia Kazan, Cheryl Crawford and Robert Lewis who trained member actors. Lee Strasberg joined later and took the charge in 1951 until his death on February 17, 1982. The Studio is best known for its work of teaching method acting. , the studio's co-presidents are Ellen Burstyn, Alec Baldwin and Al Pacino.
Elia Kazan (; born Elias Kazantzoglou (); September 7, 1909 – September 28, 2003) was a Turkish-born Greek-American director, producer, writer and actor.  He was called by "The New York Times" as "one of the most honored and influential directors in Broadway and Hollywood history". He helped co-found the Actors Studio in Manhattan. Kazan directed "A Streetcar Named Desire" (1951), "On the Waterfront" (1954), and "East of Eden" (1955). He won two Academy Awards, three Tony Awards and four Golden Globe Awards.
Zoe Swicord Kazan (born September 9, 1983) is an American actress, playwright, and screenwriter. She is known for her roles in "The Savages" (2007), "Revolutionary Road" (2008) and "It's Complicated" (2009).  In 2014, she appeared in the HBO miniseries "Olive Kitteridge", for which she received an Emmy nomination.
Maya Kazan (born November 24, 1986) is an American actress and director. She is known for playing Caroline in "Frances Ha", Eleanor Gallinger on "The Knick" and Mabel Thompson on "Boardwalk Empire".  She is the daughter of screenwriters Nicholas Kazan and Robin Swicord, and the granddaughter of movie director Elia Kazan and playwright Molly Kazan. She is the younger sister of actress Zoe Kazan.
Marion Gibbons (née Chesney; 10 June 1936 – 30 December 2019) was a Scottish writer. She wrote romance and mystery novels from 1979 until her death. She her books under a form of her maiden name, Marion Chesney, including the Travelling Matchmaker and Daughters of Mannerling series. Her best known works were "Death of a Gossip", "Death of an Outsider" and "Agatha Raisin and the Deadly Dance". Chesney was born in Glasgow. She died on 30 December 2019 at the age of 83.
Steven Pasquale (pronounced ; born November 18, 1976) is an American actor and singer. He is best known for his role as the New York City Firefighter/First Responder Sean Garrity in the series "Rescue Me". He also starred in the movie ' and as Detective Mark Fuhrman in the miniseries '.
Laura Ilene Benanti (born Laura Ilene Vidnovic; July 13, 1979) is an American actress and singer. She has received five Tony Award nominations. She played Louise in the 2008 Broadway revival of "Gypsy", winning the 2008 Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical. Benanti then appeared in the stage musical "Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown" in 2010, winning the Drama Desk Award and Outer Critics Circle Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical. She played Baroness Elsa Schräder in the 2013 NBC television production of "The Sound of Music Live!" and in 2015 began playing twin sisters Alura and Astra in the TV series "Supergirl". Since 2016, she has been playing First Lady Melania Trump on "The Late Show with Stephen Colbert".
Hamilton is a musical with music, lyrics, and book by Lin-Manuel Miranda. It is inspired by the 2004 biography "Alexander Hamilton" by historian Ron Chernow. The musical is about the story of American Founding Father Alexander Hamilton through music that are mainly made up of hip hop, as well as R&amp;B, pop, soul, and traditional-style show tunes.  The show is known for having black actors as the Founding Fathers and other historical figures, which is far from reality. Through this use of modern storytelling methods, "Hamilton" has been called for being the "America then, as told by morons now." A movie, which is a live recording of the musical with the original cast, was released on Disney+ on July 3, 2020. Story. A nineteen-year-old orphan named Alexander Hamilton moves from the Caribbean to New York where he meets Aaron Burr who tells him to “talk less, smile more, don’t let anyone know what you're against or what you're for” then they go to a bar where they meet Hercules Mulligan, Marquis de Lafayette and John Laurens and join the American Revolution.  Burr asks General George Washington to make him his secretary but instead, Washington hires Hamilton. Hamilton marries a woman named Eliza Schuyler while Burr falls in love with the wife of a British soldier. Charles Lee insults Washington so Laurens decides to duel Lee with Hamilton’s help and Washington punishes Hamilton by sending him home where Hamilton finds out his wife is pregnant.  Lafayette convinces Washington to bring back Hamilton to help with the Battle of Yorktown. Hamilton’s wife gives birth to a son Philip Hamilton while Burr has a daughter Theodosia. Hamilton and Burr become lawyers.  Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay wrote the Federalist Papers to convince people to get a new Constitution, and President Washington hired Hamilton to be in charge of spending money for the Government.  Thomas Jefferson comes back from France and is angry with Hamilton for spending too much money. Hamilton then has sex with a married woman whose husband then blackmails him for money. Hamilton strikes a deal with Jefferson and James Madison that they get to choose the capital of the country if Hamilton
Genesis Breyer P-Orridge (born Neil Andrew Megson; 22 February 1950 – 14 March 2020) was an English singer-songwriter, musician, poet, performance artist, and occultist. P-Orridge was known as the founder of the COUM Transmissions artistic collective and frontman of seminal industrial band, Throbbing Gristle.  They were also a founding member of Thee Temple ov Psychick Youth occult group, and fronted the experimental band Psychic TV.  P-Orridge identifies as third gender. In October 2017, P-Orridge was diagnosed with a rare form of leukaemia. They died from the disease on 14 March 2020 in New York City, aged 70.
John Hugh Edrich, (21 June 1937 – ) was an English first-class cricketer. His career lasted from 1956 to 1978. He was thought of as one of the best batsmen of his generation. Edrich played for Surrey and England. Edrich died in December 2020 from a rare-form of blood cancer in Scotland, aged 83.
Tom Smith (31 October 1971 – 6 April 2022) was an English-born former Scotland international rugby union losehead prop. He played for Glasgow Warriors, Caledonia Reds and Northampton Saints and also represented the British and Irish Lions. He was a rugby coach. Smith was born in London. In November 2019, Smith was diagnosed with terminal colon that metastasized spread to his brain and liver. He died from the disease on 6 April 2022, aged 50.
Arawanna,Ara-Wanna(I҆rwnt). The Hittite-Luwian city-state and historical region of the same name in the south-west of the Armenian Highlands(near modern town of Elbistan, Ablasta in Armenian: Աբլաստա), which existed in the Bronze Age and was mentioned by king Mursili II in his annals, where he writes that when Šuppiluliuma I was king of the Hittites, the Aravanians invaded the land of Kaskians near «Sammahi». Some translators believe that this may be a Late-Hittite pronunciation of «Samuha», comparing Šuppiluliuma of the mid-14th century BC, who managed to subdue Arawanna and other city-states, which had rebelled against his father, with king Šuppiluliuma of the late 13th century BC. However, in other places of the annals Arawanna and Cascia are not connected with Samuha. King Mursili himself in the fifth year of his reign - c. 1317 BC - moved to the city of Zulila in the vicinity of Sammahi to save the Cascians from invasions near Samuha. Arawanna took part in the coalition of states that rebelled against the Hittite king Tudhaliya III and were supported by the king of Mitanni Shuttarna II. Arawanna(I҆rwnt) at the Battle of Kadesh. Arawanna(I҆rwnt) was one of the allies states who fought on the side of the Hittite empire against Egypt at the Battle of Kadesh Succession of Arawanna. Arawanna(I҆rwnt) was a homeland and personal land domain of the first historically known Armenian royal dynasty Eruandid(Yervanduni,Orontid dynasty).
Ng Jui Ping (17 October 1948 – 1 January 2020) was a Singaporean entrepreneur and army general. He was the second Chief of Defence Force (CDF) of the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) from 1992 to 1995. He also served as Chief of Army from 1990 to 1992. He held the rank of lieutenant-general. Ng was also the vice-president of the Football Association of Singapore. Ng died on 1 January 2020 at the age of 71 of pancreatic cancer.
Serikbolsyn Abdildaevich Abdildin (; 25 November 1937 – 31 December 2019) was a Kazakh politician and economist. He was a member of the Communist Party. He served as the last chairman of the Supreme Council from 1991 to 1993. He was also the leader of the Communist Party from 1996 to 2010. He was born in Tarbagatay. Abdildin died on 31 December 2019 at the age of 82.
Shahla Riahi (, 7 February 1927 – 31 December 2019) was an Iranian actress and movie director. She was born in Tehran. In 1956, she became the first Iranian woman to direct a feature, with "Marjan". Her career as an actress includes more than 72 movies. Riahi died on 31 December 2019 in Tehran at the age of 92.
The YellaWood 500 is a Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series stock car race held at Talladega Superspeedway in Lincoln, Alabama, hosting an event in the NASCAR playoffs. The race is one of four NASCAR Cup Series races currently run with tapered spacers, the others being the GEICO 500 in May, the Coke Zero Sugar 400, and the Daytona 500. Through 1996, this race was normally held in early August or late July. In 1997, it was moved to early October due to the uncomfortably hot summer temperatures, and sometimes unpredictable summertime thunderstorms in the Alabama area. In 2009, the race moved again, this time to November 1 as part of a realignment agreement with Atlanta and Fontana (where Fontana earned a race in the Chase and Atlanta gained the Labor Day weekend race). The race was on average on the most competitive in NASCAR history. It unwent 40 official leader changes in 1971, 1973, 1975-1978, 1983-1984, 1989-2000, and each year in the period covering races from 2003-2012. In 13 cases, the race exceeded 60 changes of leader, that of 2010 holds the record of leader changes for this circuit, one less than the NASCAR record created in a race in April. The race. It is long and it is 188 laps, stages 1 and 2 is 55 laps in length, while the final stage is 78 laps total. Dale Earnhardt holds the most record of wins (7), at the level of the stables, it is Richard Childress Racing, which holds it with 8 victories and for the manufacturers, it is Chevrolet with 21 victories.