ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
There is a rise in average IQ scores since the beginning of measurements. It is called the Flynn effect. The rise in most industrialized countries where IQ testing has long been commonplace is about three IQ points per decade. James R. Flynn described this phenomenon in 1984. Others supported the claims. They found the rise was mostly due to the test scores of those who scored an IQ below 100. The number of those who were classified as "mentally handicapped" reduced from year to year. In contrast, the scores of those who got more than 100 did not seem to be affected. The rise. IQ tests are re-normalized every so often to hold the average score for an age group at 100. This gave a first hint to Flynn that the IQ was changing over time. The revised versions are standardized on new samples and scored with respect to those samples only. The only way to compare the difficulty of two versions is to have a group of people take both tests. This confirms IQ gains over time. The average rate of rise seems to be around three IQ points per decade. Today, children go to school for a longer time. They have also become more familiar with testing. It might therefore be expected that the biggest gains occur with school-related content, such as vocabulary, arithmetic or general information. Just the opposite is the case: abilities such as these have had small gains and occasional declines over the years. The largest changes appear on general intelligence factor loaded (g-loaded) tests such as Raven's Progressive Matrices, instead. For example, Dutch soldiers gained 21 points in only 30 years, or 7 points per decade, between 1952 and 1982. Some studies focused on the distribution of scores have found that the Flynn effect mainly occurs with lower scores. However, Raven (2000) found that a lot of data must be re-interpreted with respect to the date of birth. Previously, this data had been interpreted to show that many abilities decrease when people get older. This data must now be interpreted to show that many abilities had in fact increased dramatically, as Flynn predicted. On many tests this occurs at all levels of ability. Two large samples of Spanish children were assessed with
William Franklin Graham Jr. (November 7, 1918 – February 21, 2018), better known as Billy Graham, was an American Evangelical Christian minister and evangelist. He was a member of the Southern Baptist Convention. Graham is most well known as the one of the most important and most famous preachers of the 20th Century. He was a spiritual advisor to several U.S. presidents. Graham preached in person to more people than any other American preacher in recorded history. Until 2002, Graham's lifetime audience with radio and television broadcast was more than two billion people. Graham met every United States President since Harry S. Truman until his death. He received many honors including the Congressional Gold Medal and the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Biography. Early life. Graham was born on November 7, 1918, on a dairy farm near Charlotte, North Carolina. His mother and father Morrow Coffey and William Franklin Graham managed the farm. They were devout Christians and Graham's mother had a big influence on his faith. In 1933 Graham's father forced Graham and his sister Catherine to drink beer until they vomited. This made them hate alcohol for the rest of their lives. The Billy Graham Center says Graham was converted in 1934 during a revival meeting in Charlotte led by local evangelist Mordecai Ham. In Graham's part of Christianity, "conversion" means having a big faith experience, not changing from one religion to a different religion. However, he did not become a member of a local youth group because he was "too worldly." After graduating from Sharon High School in May 1936 Graham went to Bob Jones College (now called Bob Jones University). In his first year of college, he found both the schoolwork and rules too hard. As a result, he almost had to leave school, but Bob Jones, Sr., the founder of the college, said that in doing that, he would throw his life away. He told Graham, "At best, all you could amount to would be a poor country Baptist preacher somewhere out in the sticks... You have a voice that pulls. God can use that voice of yours. He can use it mightily." While he was
Straight pool, also called 14.1 continuous or simply 14.1, is a pocket billiards (pool) game. It was the common sport of championship competition until faster-playing games like nine-ball and to a lesser extent became more popular. This is the game from the history of pool. The game was especially popular in the United States, and was the subject of the classic 1961 film "The Hustler". In straight pool, the person shooting may attempt to pocket any ball on the table. The aim of the game is to reach a set number of points. The amount of points needed to win is agreed to before the game. One point is scored for each ball pocketed legally (that is, without a foul). A typical game might require a player to score 100 points. This means that at least 100 balls must be pocketed to win. In professional competition, straight pool is usually played to 150 points. Straight pool is a call-pocket game. This means that the player must call what pocket they mean to sink the ball into on every shot. It does not matter how balls reach the pocket (Hole) . As long as no foul is involved, and the balls goes into the pocket that is called, a point is scored.  Straight pool is well known in the United States, Europe, Japan and the Philippines, but the game has become more elsewhere. Probably the all-time greatest player (by professional statistics), Willie Mosconi, held the record high run, of 526 balls, which stood for 65 years until beaten by John Schmidt, who scored 626 points in a 2019 attempt to break Mosconi's record. Rules. The first rack. In the first rack in straight pool (when you place all the balls together before the break), the fifteen object balls (the colored balls) are racked in a triangular frame, usually made from aluminum, wood, or plastic. The center of the ball at the top of the rack is placed over the a spot on the table called the foot spot. Traditionally, the 1 ball is placed at the rack's right corner, and the 5 ball is placed at the rack's left corner. Other balls
The general intelligence factor, often shortened to g, is a construct from psychology. It is the common factor in intelligence tests. It is the result of measuring intelligence in different ways. Charles Spearman, an early statistician and psychologist, found that school children's grades across unrelated subjects were strongly related to each other. That is to say, children who were good at one area (such as reading) were also good in another area (such as math). He then proposed that these relationships reflected the influence of a dominant factor, which he called "g" for "general" intelligence. He developed a model where all variation in intelligence test scores can be explained by two factors. The first is the factor specific to an individual mental task: the individual abilities that would make a person more skilled at one cognitive task than another. The second is "g", a general factor that governs performance on all cognitive tasks. After 120 years of cognitive testing, "g"s central role is still a meaningful measure. Other models have also been proposed, and there is significant [[controversy] about "g" and its alternatives. References. [[Category:Intelligence]]
Misa Telefoni Retzlaff (born Hermann Theodor Retzlaff, 21 May 1952) is the Deputy Prime Minister of Samoa. He is of German-Samoan descent. Retzlaff went to school at King's College in Auckland, New Zealand. He studied law at the University of Auckland. Then he went to Samoa to practice law. He was made Attorney-General of Samoa in 1986. In February 2011 Telefoni said he was retiring from politics at the 2011 election.
Southampton Common is a large open space. It is to the north of the city centre of Southampton, England. It originally had a zoo (Southampton Zoo), but it was shut down due to animal welfare reasons.
Thomas Quasthoff (born Hildesheim, Germany, 9 November 1959) is a German bass-baritone. He is thought of as one of the best singers of today. It was not easy for him to get a good musical education because of his physical disability. However, he has became one of the world’s finest singers of German song (Lieder) and he also sings a wide variety of styles including Baroque music, opera and jazz. Life. Quasthoff was born in Hildesheim, Germany. His mother had been taking the drug thalidomide during the pregnancy and this resulted in Thomas being born with physical handicaps. He has flipper-like hands and no arms, and he has very short legs. Quasthoff wanted to study music at the conservatory, but he was not allowed to do so because there was a rule that every music student had to play the piano. It was impossible for Quasthoff to play an instrument because of his disability. Quasthoff decided to study singing privately. After he had graduated from school he went to university to study law. He did not enjoy the subject, and after studying for three years he chose music as a career. At first he worked as a radio announcer. He got some experience in singing oratorio. Then, in 1988, he won the ARD International Music Competition in Munich. Many people, including Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau, were very impressed with his singing. He became known as a Lieder singer. He first sang in America in 1995. He won many awards, including the Grammy Award for Best Classical Vocal Performance in 2000. It was for his performance together with the mezzo-soprano Anne Sofie von Otter of Mahler’s Des Knaben Wunderhorn. They were accompanied by the Berlin Philharmonic conducted by Claudio Abbado. He won prizes for his singing of songs by Schubert, Brahms and Liszt, and Bach Cantatas.  Quasthoff teaches singing at the Hanns Eisler School of Music in Berlin. He is "artist in residence" at the Barbican Hall, London. A series called "Die Stimme" (The Voice) was made to celebrate his 50th birthday. It was also the title of his autobiography which was published in 2006. In 2006, he married. His wife is a television journalist. The couple have a daughter and they live in Berlin.
Humanitarianism is a way of behaving out of kindness to other people. Someone who is a humanitarian is a person who helps to improve the lives of other people without thinking about their race, belief or nationality. Humanitarianism is not the same thing as Humanism which is about not believing in a god.  A good example of Humanitarianism is the well-known story from the New Testament about the Good Samaritan who goes to help the poor man who has been robbed. Humanitarianism also means basic morality indispensable for human being. There are international laws called "international humanitarian laws" considered to created out of humanitarianism of this mean. Among them, Geneva Conventions on the matter made at the time of wars are well known.
Lester Bowles "Mike" Pearson (April 23, 1897 – December 27, 1972) was the eighteenth Prime Minister of Canada from 1963 to 1968. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1957 for organizing the first peacekeeping force. As Prime Minister, Pearson's government created universal health care and the Canada Pension Plan. They also created the Canada Student Loan Program, the Order of Canada, and changed the flag of Canada to the one with maple leaves. Pearson kept Canada from fighting in the Vietnam War and "de facto" stopped capital punishment from being used in Canada. Many people think he is one of the most important Canadians of the 20th century. Early life. Pearson was born in Newtonbrook, Ontario, the son of Edwin Arthur Pearson, a Methodist minister and Anne Sarah Bowles. He went to the University of Toronto and Oxford University. Pearson was ambassador to the United States and the United Nations. He played for the Oxford University Ice Hockey Club while on a scholarship at Oxford University. Political career. Pearson entered politics in 1948, as Minister of External Affairs in the Liberal government of Louis St. Laurent. He became leader of the Liberal Party in 1958. He lost two elections as leader, until winning a third to become Prime Minister in 1963. His government brought in social programs and new standards for workers. Pearson signed the Canada-United States Automotive Agreement, also called the Auto Pact. He retired in 1968. The next Prime Minister was Pierre Trudeau. Death. Pearson died from liver cancer in Ottawa, Canada, aged 75.
The red-bellied black snake is a dangerous snake species found in Australia. It is a red bellied snake, and black on top, hence the name. It lives mainly on the east coast of Australia, close to a source of water. They can grow up to 1.5 metres in length. This snake usually gives birth to about 20 live snakes at one time. The bite of a red-bellied black snake is very dangerous and requires immediate medical attention. The red-bellied black snake's diet is mostly frogs. They also eat reptiles and small mammals. They also eat other snakes, even those of their own species.
Liu Xiang (born July 13, 1983) is a Chinese hurdling athlete. He is 189 cm tall and weighs 74 kg. He is an Olympic gold medal winner. Liu broke the World Junior and Asian record for hurdles in 2002.
is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team. Biography. Sato was born in Osaka Prefecture on June 19, 1969. After graduating from Doshisha University, he joined J1 League club Gamba Osaka in 1992. However he did not play in the match. In 1994, he moved to Urawa Reds and debuted in J1 League. However he lost opportunity to play in 1995. In July 1995, he moved to Japan Football League club Kyoto Purple Sanga. The club won the 2nd place in 1995 and was promoted to J1 League from 1996. He retired end of 1996 season. On May 22, 1994, Sato debuted for the Japan national team against Australia. Statistics. 47||13||3||1||5||1||55||15 47||13||3||1||5||1||55||15 !Total||1||0
Giovani dos Santos (born 11 May 1989) is a Mexican former football player. Career. Dos Santos began his career with FC Barcelona B until he was 18 when he moved to the first team, FC Barcelona. He then moved to Tottenham Hotspur in summer 2008. He was then sent on loan to Ipswich Town F.C. in 2009, then to Galatasaray S.K. in 2010, Racing Santander in 2011, R.C.D. Mallorca in 2012, Villarreal in 2014, and LA Galaxy in 2015. "Scores and results list Mexico's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each dos Santos goal." Honours. América Mexico U17 Mexico U23 Mexico Individual
Johan Vonlanthen Benavídez (born 1 February 1986) is a Swiss former professional footballer who played as a winger. "Scores and results list Switzerland's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Vonlanthen goal."
John Aloisi (born 5 February 1976) is a former Australian soccer player. "Scores and results list Australia's goal tally first." Honours. Player. Adelaide City Osasuna Central Coast Mariners Sydney FC Australia Individual Manager. Western United
Masakazu Washida (born 15 November 1978) is a former Japanese football player.
Drosophila is a genus of small flies, belonging to the family Drosophilidae They are often called called fruit flies, vinegar flies or wine flies. Many species linger around overripe or rotting fruit. There are many species in this genus, and the genus is split down into sub-genera. The adults may feed on nectar, and may lay their eggs on or near decaying fruit. The details differ greatly from species to species. Species. Their distribution is world-wide. In Britain alone more than 5000 species have been recorded. The largest number of species is in the Hawaiian Islands. Several species of "Drosophila" (in particular, "D. melanogaster") were used in genetics research. It is a common model organism in developmental biology. The genus has more than 1,500 species, and has varied appearance, behaviour, and breeding habitats. Other species which have been widely investigated include "D. pseudoobscura" (used by Dobzhansky in field research) and "D. subobscura", used in the UK as a laboratory "Drosophila". Sturtevant at one time had 42 species of "Drosophila" in his lab for examination. Life cycle. "Drosophila" vary widely in their reproductive capacity. Those such as "D. melanogaster" that breed in large, scarce resources have ovaries that mature 10–20 eggs at a time, and can be laid together in one place. Others, which breed in common but less nutritious places (such as leaves), may only lay one egg each day. The eggs have one or more respiratory filaments near the front end; the tips of these extend above the surface and allow oxygen to reach the embryo. Larvae feed not on vegetable matter but on the yeasts and microorganisms present on the decaying surface of leaves or fruits. Development time varies widely between species (between seven and more than 60 days) and depends on factors such as temperature, breeding substrate, and crowding. Related genera. "Drosophila" has a number of close relatives, and some may actually be within its genus.
Anderson Luís de Abreu Oliveira (born 13 April 1988), commonly known as Anderson, is a Brazilian former professional footballer who works as assistant manager of Adana Demirspor. Honours. Grêmio Porto Manchester United Internacional Brazil U17 Brazil U23 Brazil Individual
Gabriel Fernández (born 10 July 1983) is a Spanish football player. He plays for Real Zaragoza. Club career statistics. 157||7 157||7
Kyohei Yamagata (born 7 September 1981) is a former Japanese football player. Club career statistics. 134||20||3||1||6||0||143||21 134||20||3||1||6||0||143||21
Tatsunori Yamagata (born 4 October 1983) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Avispa Fukuoka. Club career statistics. 155||1||7||0||4||0||166||2 12||1||||||||||12||1 167||2||7||0||4||0||178||3
Tetsuya Okayama (born 27 August 1973 in Nagoya, Aichi) is a former Japanese football player. He played as a midfielder. The last team he played for before retirement was Albirex Niigata. He then became the coach of Nagoya Grampus Eight.
is a Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team. Biography. Yano was born in Hamamatsu on April 5, 1984. After graduating from Hamana High School, he joined J1 League club Kashiwa Reysol in 2003. He played as substitute forward from first season. Although his opportunity to play increased late from summer 2005, Reysol was relegated to J2 League end of 2005 season. In 2006, he was transferred to Albirex Niigata with teammate Mitsuru Nagata. He quickly established himself as a first-choice forward. Although his play style was a tall center forward, he was converted to right winger of three forwards in 2009 because Niigata gain same style forward Hideo Oshima. In August 2010, Yano was transferred to German Bundesliga club Freiburg. After an unsuccessful stint in Europe, he returned to Japan and signed for Niigata in February 2012. Although he initially played as regular forward, he lost his position and he played many matches as substitute forward from June. The club results were also sluggish and finished at the 15th place of 18 clubs in 2012 season. In 2013, Yano moved to Nagoya Grampus. Although he initially played as center forward instead Joshua Kennedy who was injured, Kennedy came back in May and Yano played many matches as substitute forward. In 2014, Yano was converted to right side back by new manager Akira Nishino and became a regular player as right side back. Although he played as regular player every season, Nagoya finished at the 16th place of 18 clubs in 2016 season and was relegated to J2 League. In 2017, Yano re-joined Albirex Niigata for the first time in four years. Although he played many matches as right side back, Niigata was relegated to J2 at the end of 2017 season. He returned to his original position by new manager Masakazu Suzuki in 2018. In 2020, he moved to Tochigi SC. On March 24,
Tomohiro Wanami (born 27 April 1980) is a former Japanese football player. Club career statistics. 228||11||15||1||5||1||248||13 228||11||15||1||5||1||248||13
is a former Japanese football player. He played for the Japan national team. Biography. Watanabe was born in Fujieda on September 10, 1972. After graduating from Chuo University, he joined Kashiwa Reysol in 1995. He played as regular player from first season. The club won the champions at 1999 J.League Cup. At the final, he scored a tie goal in the 89th minute and he was selected MVP award. The club also won the 3rd place in 1999 and 2000 J1 League. He retired end of 2004 season. On August 13, 1997, Watanabe debuted for the Japan national team against Brazil. Statistics. 281||17||18||0||56||5||355||22 281||17||18||0||56||5||355||22 !Total||1||0
Tetsuya Yamazaki (born 25 July 1978) is a former Japanese football player. Club career statistics. 139||4||9||1||24||0||172||5 139||4||9||1||24||0||172||5
Takaaki Tokushige (born 18 February 1975) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Tokushima Vortis. Club career statistics. 364||95||22||11||17||3||403||109 364||95||22||11||17||3||403||109
Vasily Jakovlevich Zinger () (February 11, 1836, Moscow, Russia – March 2, 1907, Moscow, Russia) was a Russian mathematician. Не worked in Moscow University and was the head of the Society of Moscow mathematicians (1886 – 1891). He was also a botanist and philosopher. "Zingeria" of the Poaceae was named in honour of Vasily Zinger.
The 1967–68 NHL season was the 51st season of the National Hockey League. Twelve teams each played 74 games. The Montreal Canadiens won the Stanley Cup against the new St. Louis Blues. Regular season. Final standings. "Note: GP = Games played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, Pts = Points, GF = Goals for, GA = Goals against, PIM = Penalties in minutes" &lt;br&gt; "Note: Teams that qualified for the playoffs are highlighted in bold" Scoring leaders. "Note: GP = Games played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points" Leading goaltenders. "Note: GP = Games played; Min - Minutes Played; GA = Goals Against; GAA = Goals Against Average; W = Wins; L = Losses; T = Ties; EN = Empty Net Goals Against; SO = Shutouts" "see 1968 Stanley Cup Finals"
The West Division of the National Hockey League existed from 1967, when the NHL was made up of a single division, until 1974 when the league changed its format into two conferences of two divisions each. Final standings, 1968–74. "Note: GP = Games played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, Pts = Points, GF = Goals for, GA = Goals against, PIM = Penalties in minutes" &lt;br&gt; "Note: Teams that qualified for the playoffs are highlighted in bold"
The East Division of the National Hockey League existed from 1967, when the NHL was made up of a single division, until 1974 when the league changed its format into two conferences of two divisions each. Final standings, 1968–74. "Note: GP = Games played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, Pts = Points, GF = Goals for, GA = Goals against, PIM = Penalties in minutes" &lt;br&gt; "Note: Teams that qualified for the playoffs are highlighted in bold" Stanley Cup champions produced. As the East Division was composed of the Original Six franchises, these teams had a competitive advantage over the West Division teams for several years.
Acrelândia is a municipality in the northwest part of the Brazilian state Acre. History. Acrelândia was the first planned city in Acre. It became a municipality according to the Law 1025/92 as of April 28, 1992. The municipality was created from the separation of Plácido de Castro and Senador Guiomard municipalities. It was known through the slogan "" ("Acre's Little Princess"). This made it reach a great agricultural development. Many people moved there from the Brazilian south-central region. Geography. There are 11,520 people in Acrelândia. It covers 1,575 km² in area (7,3 people/km²). It is next to Amazonas to the north, Rondônia to the east, Senador Guiomard to the west and Bolivia to the south.