ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Fath-Ali Shah Qajar (; May 1769 – 24 October 1834) was the second Shah (king) of Qajar Iran. His rule extended from June 17, 1797, until his passing on October 24, 1834. His reign witnessed a significant event—the permanent loss of Iran's northern territories in the Caucasus, which now include Georgia, Dagestan, Azerbaijan, and Armenia. This outcome resulted from the Russo-Persian Wars of 1804–1813 and 1826–1828, along with the treaties of "Gulistan" and "Turkmenchay", leading to the expansion of the Russian Empire. Fath-Ali Shah is remembered by Iranians for several distinctive characteristics. Firstly, he was known for his remarkably long beard. Secondly, his slender waist, likened to that of a wasp, became a notable feature. Lastly, his legacy includes his numerous descendants.  Towards the end of his rule, Iran faced severe economic challenges, coupled with military and technological shortcomings. These difficulties brought the nation to the brink of government breakdown. After Fath-Ali Shah's death, a power struggle ensued, further hastening Iran's descent into potential disarray. During his reign, efforts were made to glorify the monarchy through artistic representations. Many visual depictions of Fath-Ali Shah and his court were crafted to celebrate the royal authority. Notable among these are rock reliefs, reminiscent of those established during the pre-Islamic Sasanian Empire. These reliefs can be found in Ray, Fars, and Kermanshah. The purpose behind these artistic endeavors was to portray Fath-Ali Shah as the rightful heir to the ancient Persian empire. By doing so, he aimed to connect with his fellow countrymen and leave a lasting impression on future generations. Despite the challenges and complexities of his rule, Fath-Ali Shah Qajar's legacy endures through the visual representations that sought to immortalize his reign. Background. "Baba Khan", better known after his coronation in 1797 as Fath Ali Shah Qajar, was born in the city of "Damghan", located in the
Josef Hagler (1 February 1893 - 1 August 1972) was an Austrian football player. He played as midfielder for SK Rapid Wien. In 1912 he played one match for the Austrian national football team.  International. He played his only game for the Austrian national football team on 3 November 1912 versus Hungary.
Gardzienice is a small village in Lublin Voivodeship. The Centre for Theatre Practices was started there in 1977 by Włodzimierz Staniewski. It does research, arts, music, and cultural investigation into the humanities. It is supported by the Polish Ministry of Culture and National Heritage.
The Ministry of Culture and National Heritage is a ministry of the led by the Minister of Culture and National Heritage. It is responsible for national heritage preservation and . Ministry oversees state or partially state cultural institutions and implements the law regarding art and cultural property. The headquarters are located at Potocki Palace, in Warsaw. The minister has been Hanna Wróblewska member of the Cabinet) since May 2024.
Organizational ecology is a branch of organizational studies that draws from biology, economics, and sociology to examine how organizations emerge, evolve, and decline.  Organizational ecology is divided into many levels like community, population, and organization. The community level involves interacting populations, the population level includes organizations engaged in similar activities, and the organization level focuses on individual organizations. When people talk about organizational ecology in research, they usually mean population ecology, which focuses on the second level, studying how groups of organizations change over time. "Development:". Before the 1970s, most research on organizations focused on how they adapt to change. But in the mid-1970s, researchers like William Evan and Eric Trist started looking at how the environment affects organizations. Trist defined population ecology as studying how groups of organizations interact and create a system. Then, in 1977, Michael T. Hannan and John H. Freeman developed a theory of population ecology, explaining how organizations compete and evolve, similar to natural selection. This approach examines how organizations start, end, and change over time.  Organizational ecology has since become a major field in studying organizations, known for its use of big data over long periods. Some key books in this field are "The Demography of Corporations and Industries" and "Logics of Organization Theory."
Umamah bint Zainab married Ali ibn Abi Talib after the death of Fatima bint Muhammad. She was the granddaughter of the Prophet Muhammad from his daughter Zainab and Al as ibn Rabi'a. She belongs to Ahlul Bayt. Family. Umamah's mother was Zainab bint Muhammad, who was the elder daughter of Muhammad. Zainab was married to Abu al As, and the couple had two children: Ali bin Abu al As and Umamah bint Zainab. Zainab passed away at the young age of 31. At that time Umamah was very small, so Muhammad decided to take care of Umamah. He loved her very much. She learned truthfulness, modesty (being humble), obedience, seriousness, and understanding from her grandfather the Prophet. She died in 66 AH. Mother’s side of family tree. Umamah’s mother’s side descendants are the following: Umamah bint, Zainab bint, Mohammad Bin, Abdullah bin, Abd al, Muttalib bin, Hashim bin, Abd al, and Manaf bin Qusai. Father’s side of family tree. Umamah’s father’s side descendants are the following: Umamah bint, Abu al as bin, Rabi bin, Abd al, Aza bin, Abd Shams bin, Abd al, and Manaf bin Qusai. Marriage with Ali ibn Abi Talib. At the time of the Holy Prophet's death in 632 C.E, Umamah had come of age. Under the guidance of Prophet, she held virtues of patience, gratitude, and unchanging trust in Allah. Recognizing her character, Fatimah bint Mohammad entrusted a significant request to Ali ibn Abi Talib before her own death: "Please marry my niece Umamah bint Zainab after my departure. I believe there is no one better suited to nurture and care for our children." In keeping with Fatimah's wishes, Ali ibn Abi Talib wed Umamah bint Abu al As. Devotedly (loving
Diane Rehm (born Diane Aed; September 21, 1936) is an American journalist. She hosts Diane Rehm: On My Mind podcast, produced at WAMU, which is licensed to American University in Washington, D.C.. She is the former American public radio talk show host of The Diane Rehm Show, which was distributed nationally and internationally by National Public Radio. The show was produced at WAMU.
The painted Indonesian tree frog, spotted tree froglet, Sumatra Indonesian tree frog, cinnamon tree frog, cinnamon frog, spotted tree frog, white-spotted tree frog, or white-spotted brown frog ("Nyctixalus pictus") is a frog. It lives in Malaysia, Vietnam, Myanmar, Brunei, Indonesia, the Philippines, and Singapore. People have seen it between 50 and 1800 meters above sea level. This frog lives in forests that have never been cut down and in forests that have been cut down and grew back. It does not live in places where too many trees have been cut down. The female frog lays eggs in bits of water high up in the trees. The water is in holes in the trees. People have also seen the frogs breed in buckets of water. Scientists believe this frog is not in danger of dying out because it lives in such a large place, but they believe people cutting down its forests may harm it. Some of the places where the frog lives are protected parks. Sometimes people catch this frog to sell as pets, but scientists do not think they do it enough to make the frog die out.
In general, a confession is is when a person tells someone a thing that the other person usually does not know. In different contexts, the word has slightly different meanings: Often, a confession is associated with an admission of a moral or legal wrong: Not all confessions reveal wrongdoing, however. For example, a declaration of love is often considered positive both by the confessor and by the recipient of the confession and is a common theme in literature.  There are several specific kinds of confessions that have significance beyond the social. A legal confession involves an admission of some wrongdoing that has a legal consequence. Confession in religion varies widely across various belief systems. It is usually part of a ritual by which the person acknowledges thoughts or actions considered sinful or morally wrong within the confines of the confessor's religion. In some religions, confession takes the form of an oral communication to another person. Socially, however, the term may refer to admissions that are neither legally nor religiously significant. Some confessions are very notable. For example, the confession of Henry II of England to the murder of Thomas Becket.
During Mexico's annexation of the region, Mexico and Central America had the same heads of state. Iturbide ruled as regent, and then as emperor, from January 1822 until his abdication in March 1823, after which, the three leaders of the provisional government—Bravo, Victoria, and Negrete—served as joint heads of state.
Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny is a 2023 American action adventure movie directed by James Mangold. It stars Harrison Ford, Phoebe Waller-Bridge, Antonio Banderas, John Rhys-Davies, Toby Jones, Boyd Holbrook, Ethann Isidore, Mads Mikkelsen and Karen Allen. The movie was released on May 25, 2023. It was a box office bomb. Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny was the final movie released on home video by Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment.
Khalifa (خليفة) is a name which means "leader" or "ruler". The title is most commonly used for a leader of a caliphate but it is also used by Islamic groups such as Daesh and the Ahmadi community. The first Khalifa in the Rashidun Caliphate was Abu Bakr but many groups such as the Twelvers claim it was supposed to be Ali. This is due to the different interpretations of the word Khalifa between Sunni scholars and Shi'i scholars.
Maurica Bishop International Airport, formerly known as Point Salines International Airport, is an international airport in St. George's, Grenada. History. The airport was the starting point for the Invasion of Grenada by the United States. American paratroopers battled Grenadan soldiers and armed Cuban construction workers for several hours before securing the airport, after which American planes could land there.
Yahya Sinwar (Arabic: يحيى السنوار) (29 October 1962 – 16 October 2024) was a Palestinian politician who was the leader of Hamas in Gaza. Early life. He was born in the Khan Yunis refugee camp in Egyptian-governed Gaza in 1962. His family were forcibly expelled from the city of Al-Majdal Asqalan by Jewish terrorists during the 1948 War. He completed his academia at the Muslim University of Gaza and received a bachelor's degree in Arabic studies. Activities. For planning the capture and liquidation of two Israeli terrorists and four Palestinians accused of collaboration in 1989, he was sentenced to four life sentences by the Israeli regime, of which he served 22 years until his release among 1,026 others in a 2011 prisoner exchange. In 2017, he was elected as the leader of Hamas, and stated to pursue "peaceful, popular resistance" to the violent Israeli occupation the next year. He was re-elected as the leader of Hamas in 2021, and had a failed assassination against him by Israel that year. Personal Life. In addition to his native Arabic, Sinwar spoke Hebrew, which he learned, along with insights into Jewish culture, while held captive by Israel. Death. On 17 October 2024, Israel Defense Forces and Shin Bet said they were looking into whether Sinwar was among three individuals killed in an operation in Gaza that had taken place the day before, though neither Israel or Hamas made any official confirmation. A body believed to be Sinwar's and a DNA sample were collected. According to Kan radio, the bodies of Sinwar and his associates were found with cash, weapons and fake IDs. The IDF confirmed through DNA analysis that Sinwar had been killed a day earlier in Gaza during a firefight with the IDF.
Eduardo Gomes International Airport is the international airport serving Manaus, Brazil. It is named for Air Marshal Eduardo Gomes. It is the third-busiest cargo handling airport in Brazil.
Marwan Issa (Arabic: مَرْوَانٌ عِيسَى) is or was a member of the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades which is the military wing of the Hamas group. Israel says he planned out the attacks by Hamas on the 7th of October 2023 alongside Mohammed Deif. He was put on a terrorist watchlist by the US in late 2019 and EU in late 2023 respectively. It is believed by Israel and the United States that he was killed in an Israeli airstrike during Israel–Hamas war in March 2024. Hamas has neither accepted nor denied his killing. If he is alive, he will replace Yahya Sinwar's position Hamas leader in the Gaza Strip in case he dies and Mohammed Deif's position as the main leader of the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades. References.
Mohammed Deif (Arabic: مُحَمَّدٌ ٱلضَّيْفُ) is the head of staff in the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades, the military wing of the Hamas movement. He was born in 1965 in the Khan Yunis Refugee Camp inside the Gaza Strip that was set up by Israel after the 1948 Palestine War. He joined the Hamas movement in 1987, and went by the alias Mohammed Deif, which means guest in the Arabic language, possibly referring to how he would live like a nomad to not be targeted by the government of Israel. Terrorist designations. In 2015 and 2023 respectively, he was designated a terrorist by the EU and USA. Assassination attempts and attacks on family. On the morning of Wednesday 11 October 2023, the family home of Deif's father was hit by an airstrike in Khan Younis; his father, brother and at least two other relatives were killed in the attack.
RSPCA Australia (Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals) is an Australian organisation that was founded in 1981. It promotes animal welfare. The RSPCA is partly funded by the Australian Government. It is the leading animal welfare organisation in Australia. It also has many animal shelters for pet adoption, and many animal products in Australian supermarkets are from RSPCA-approved farms. The RSPCA in Australia is inspired by the British RSPCA, an animal welfare charity in England and Wales. State branches. The RSPCA has branches in every state and territory of Australia: Animal adoption. Animals that can be adopted at RSPCA shelters include birds, cats, dogs, farm animals, ferrets, guinea pigs, rabbits and rodents. Animals like amphibians, crabs, fish and reptiles are usually sold at pet stores and are not common at RSPCA shelters. RSPCA shelters can be found in every state and territory and in both cities and towns. There is at least one RSPCA shelter in every capital city except Hobart.
Each Australian state has a governor, who serves as the head of state and represents the King or Queen. Governors perform the same actions as the federal Governor-General but on the state level. The Governor of a state acts on the advice of that state's Premier and the state cabinet. The Australian Indian Ocean Territories (Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands), Norfolk Island and the Northern Territory have administrators instead of governors. The Australian Capital Territory does not have a governor or an administrator.
Mihail Kogălniceanu is a commune in Constanța County, Romania. The Mihail Kogălniceanu International Airport is in the commune.
Milling is a method of shaping materials by using special tools that spin and cut away excess material from a piece of work. The process involves guiding a cutting tool into the material to create a desired shape. This can be done by moving the tool in different directions and adjusting its speed and pressure. Milling is widely used to make various parts, ranging from small components to large and heavy-duty items. It is a popular method for crafting custom parts with great precision.  Types of Machines. Milling can be done using different machines. Initially, there were machines called milling machines, often just referred to as mills. However, with technological advancements, we now have more advanced machines known as machining centers. These modern machines come with automatic tool changers, tool magazines, computer control, and other features. These machines are broadly classified into two types: vertical machining centers (VMCs) and horizontal machining centers (HMCs), depending on how the cutter moves relative to the workpiece. Evolution of Milling Machines. In the 1960s, the introduction of computer numerical control (CNC) transformed milling machines into what we now call machining centers. These centers are equipped with advanced features like automatic tool changes, computer control, and cooling systems. Multitasking Machines. Over time, the idea of combining milling with turning operations emerged. Initially, live tooling was introduced for lathes, and mills were occasionally used for turning. This led to the development of multitasking machines (MTMs). MTMs are designed to handle both milling and turning within the same workspace, making the manufacturing process more efficient. summary. In summary, milling is a versatile method used for shaping materials precisely. From basic milling machines to advanced machining centers and multitasking machines, the evolution of milling has played a crucial role in modern manufacturing. Whether you're crafting a small component or a heavy-duty part, milling is a go-to process for achieving accuracy and customization in production.
Soltau is a mid-sized town in Heidekreis in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is in the middle of Lüneburg Heath. About 22,000 people live there. The town is known for its tourist attractions like the Heide-Park, the Soltau-Therme and the Soltau Toy Museum. Today, Soltau has three primary schools, a grammar school, a middle school, a secondary modern school and a special needs school. Localities. It has 16 districts: Twin towns. Soltau is twinned with:
The Charité is a large hospital in Berlin. The medical school, University Medicine Berlin, is a joint institution with Free University of Berlin and the Humboldt University. It is Europe's largest university hospital.  The Charité started in 1710. More than half of all German Nobel Prize winners in Physiology or Medicine, including Emil von Behring, Robert Koch and Paul Ehrlich, worked at the Charité. It is spread over four campuses. There are about 3,000 beds, 15,500 people who work there, 8,000 students, and more than 60 operating theaters. It has a turnover of two billion euros annually. The modern history of medicine has been significantly influenced by scientists, who worked at the Charité. Rudolf Virchow was the founder of cellular pathology, while Robert Koch developed vaccines for anthrax, cholera, and tuberculosis. For his life's work Koch is seen as one of the founders of modern medicine. Paul Ehrlich discovered the first antibiotic, arsphenamine.
Cerro Maggiore is a "comune" in the Metropolitan City of Milan in the Lombardy region in Italy. Twin towns. Cerro Maggiore is twinned with:
is a Japanese two-member rock band formed in 2017. The members include n-buna, a vocaloid producer, and suis, a female vocalist. History. N-buna met and formed the band with suis in 2017, who participated in one-man live.  The band released their first EP in 2017, and released their first album in 2019 through Universal Music Japan. In 2020, they released the theme song , and ending song for the anime film "A Whisker Away".  In 2021, Suis provided the vocals for the ending theme to the Japanese version of the Disney film "Luca".  In 2022, they released the theme song and for the Japanese TV drama  In 2023, they released , the opening theme song for the first season of the anime series .  In 2024, they released , the second opening theme song for the anime series, . Discography. Other Works. In 2021, n-buna worked as the composer for The Coca-Cola Company's "I LOHAS Natural Mineral Water" advertisement. In 2021, suis worked as the narrator for "Sumitomo Mitsui Bank" advertisement. In 2021, n-buna provided the narration for NHK's "From Here in Tohoku" documentary. In 2022, suis provided the narration for Fuji TV's "The Nonfiction" documentary. In 2023, n-buna worked as the composer, and suis worked as the narrator for "99th Hakone Ekiden: Inheritance of Thoughts" advertisement. In 2023, n-buna first time worked as one of the primary composers for an anime. He worked as the composer for Wit Studio's original short anime "". He also provided the music and lyrics for its theme song.
Machining is a way to make things by removing material from a larger piece. This process is often used with metal, but it can also be done with wood, plastic, ceramic, and other materials. The goal is to create a specific shape or part. This method is called subtractive manufacturing because it involves cutting away material. Machining is a crucial part of making metal products, but it's not limited to metals. People who specialize in machining are called machinists. They usually work in a place called a machine shop, which has tools for cutting and shaping materials. The Role of Computers in Machining. In modern times, computers play a big role in machining. Computer Numerical Control (CNC) is a method where computers control machines like mills and lathes. This helps in making the process more efficient. CNC machines can work without constant human supervision, reducing labor costs for machine shops. In recent years, advanced CNC machines have been developed, combining turning and milling into one process. These are known as CNC turning-milling compound centers. History and Terms. The meaning of machining has changed over time. In the 18th century, a machinist was someone who built or fixed machines using manual processes like carving wood or hand-filing metal. Back then, the words "machine tool" and "to machine" didn't exist. Around the mid-20th century, these terms were created as technology evolved. "Traditional" machining processes, like turning, milling, and drilling, became widespread. These processes use machine tools with sharp cutting tools to shape materials. With new technologies after World War II, like electrical discharge machining and ultrasonic machining, the term "conventional machining" was used to differentiate older methods from newer ones. Today, when we say "machining," we usually mean the traditional processes.  In recent decades, as additive manufacturing (AM), like 3D printing, became popular, the term "subtractive manufacturing" emerged. This term covers any process involving the removal of material, similar to traditional machining. The two terms are often used interchangeably. Understanding machining is essential for anyone interested in manufacturing processes. Whether done traditionally or with modern technologies, machining plays a vital role in creating the products we use every day.
Radio Free Asia (RFA) is a non-profit corporation that broadcasts radio programs and publishes news, information, and commentary for its audiences in Asia. It is funded by the United States government.  The service aims to providing accurate and uncensored reporting to countries in Asia that have poor media environments and limited protections for speech freedom and press freedom.