ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Isoprene is a common organic compound produced by living things. Its full chemical name is 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, and its formula is CH2=C(CH3)−CH=CH2. Isoprene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon. It is produced by many plants and animals (including humans). Its polymers are the main component of natural rubber. Natural occurrences. Isoprene is produced and emitted by many species of trees (major producers are oaks, poplars, eucalyptus, and some legumes). Yearly production of isoprene emissions by vegetation is around 600 million metric tons, half from tropical broadleaf trees (that is, flowering plants) and the rest mainly from shrubs.  This is about the same as methane emissions. It accounts for about one-third of all hydrocarbons released into the atmosphere. In deciduous forests, isoprene makes up about 80% of hydrocarbon emissions. Microscopic and macroscopic algae also produce isoprene, but much less than trees. Isoprene emission may help trees use to combat stress. In particular, isoprene does protect against moderate heat stress (around 40 °C). It may also protect plants against large fluctuations in leaf temperature. Isoprene is built into cell membranes and helps membranes keep stable. Isoprene produces the blue haze which gives the Blue Ridge Mountains their name.
Stade 7 Mars () is a stadium in Ben Guerdane, Tunisia. It is currently used mostly for football. The stadium holds 10,000 of which 4,000 are covered, and was built in 2000. It is used by the US Ben Guerdane. The date of 7 March corresponds to the day of the Battle of Ben Guerdane which takes place on 7 March 2016 in Tunisia. The clashes between the Tunisian security forces and the jihadists of the Islamic state (IS).
Ben Gardane or Bengardane ( or , ""; ) is a commune and coastal town in south eastern Tunisia, close to the border with Libya. It is located at around . History. During the Second World War Ben Gardane Airfield was used by the 57th Fighter Group, which flew P-40 Warhawks from the airfield from 9 to 21 March 1943 during the Eighth Army advance into Tunisia from Libya, to which the 57th was attached. It was also used by Spitfires from the 601 Squadron RAF. The town belongs to the governorate of Medenine. Located 423 km - 559 km by road - from Tunis, it is the city furthest from the capital. It is the last major city in the governorate of Medenine with total population estimated at 79,912 inhabitants in 2014. It is located 32 kilometers from the Tunisian-Libyan border. It is best known both in Tunisia and Libya as a trade road and an open exchange market. Tunisians take advantage of the availability and variety of the goods existing in the shops. The great amount of these goods are basically imported from Libya and deemed less expensive. It is distinguished for its large population of dromedaries estimated at 15,000 head. An annual festival devoted to them during the month of June. In March 2016, the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in Libya attacked the town in the Battle of Ben Guerdane. Islamic militancy. According to "The Washington Post", "hundreds of young men have left Ben Guerdane over the past three decades to wage jihad in Iraq, Afghanistan and Bosnia, radicalized in part by a repressive regime that persecuted Islamists". The leader of Al-Qaeda in Iraq, Abu Musab al-Zarqawi famously said of Ben Gardane, "if it was located next to Fallujah, we would have liberated Iraq." Population and tribal diversity. There is a mixture of Berbers and Arabs, who from the "Twazin" tribal alliance which took place centuries ago as a tribal defense shield against the invasion, especially from the east towards Libya. There is no
The Chanda (Malayalam: ചെണ്ട, [tʃeɳʈa]) is a cylindrical percussion instrument used widely in the state of Kerala, Tulu Nadu of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu in India. In Tulu Nadu (Coastal Karnataka), it is known as "chende". It is greatly identified as a cultural element in Kerala. Sound. This instrument is famous for its loud and rigid sound. A Chenda has two sides, the left side called "Edamthala" (ഇടം തല)(Left Head) and the right side "Valamthala" (വലം തല)(Right Head). The "Edamthala" is made of only one/two layer of cow skin and the "Valamthala" will have a five/seven layer skin, so as to have a bass sound. The skin are dried in the shade and fastened on wooden rings (Chenda Vattam, ചെണ്ട വട്ടം) made of the trunk of a locally available palm tree (Eeranpana) or bamboo, using a gum prepared from the seed of a tree called "pananchi maram". The circular frame is kept in a vessel, boiled for an entire day and then bent in the form of circle and dried. The body of the Chenda which is 1 ft in diameter and 1.5 inches thickness is made of the soft wood of the jackfruit tree (വരിക്ക പ്ലാവ്) (Varikka Plavu). The thickness is again reduced by 0.25 inches, at simultaneous points separated by 4 inches. This is done in order to produce highly resonating sound. Only the wooden rings with the skin (Chenda Vattam) is replaced once the quality of the sound is not up to the mark. For regular Chenda artists an average of 15 rings are required every year. Usage. The
Malindi is a town lying on the Indian Ocean coast of Kenya. It is 120 kilometres northeast of Mombasa. Malindi has a tropical savanna climate ("As" in the Köppen climate classification). The area shows classic examples of Swahili architecture. Malindi developed as part of Swahili Civilization in the 5th–10th centuries. The Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama met Malindi authorities in 1498 to sign a trade agreement and hire a guide for the voyage to India, when he erected a coral pillar. During World War II Malindi was one of only two towns in East Africa bombed by the Italians. This happened on 24 October 1940. After the World War II Malindi began developing into a resort. Malindi is home to the Malindi Airport and Broglio Space Centre (the previous San Marco Equatorial Range). In popular culture. Novel "“MALI D’AFRICA”" (by Sara Cardelli) describes the impossible love in Malindi. Most of the events in the novels "“Once in Malindi”" and "“Our Wild Sex in Malindi”" (by Andrei Gusev) take place in Malindi, Watamu, Lamu. The novels describe a few years living in Malindi of Russian writer Andy and his wife Jennifer, who was born in Kenya. Song "“Yasoi Malindi”" by Yasoy Kala Kana.
Noardeast-Fryslân () is a municipality in the Dutch province of Friesland. It was created on 1 January 2019 and consists of the former municipalities of Dongeradeel, Ferwerderadiel and Kollumerland en Nieuwkruisland. In 2019, 45,181 people lived there.
Nadezhda Iarondaikina (born 30 November 1994) is a Russian water polo player. She played at the 2015 World Aquatics Championships, and 2016 Women's European Water Polo Championship.
The first season of the musical comedy-drama television show "Glee" originally premiered on May 19, 2009 and ended on June 8, 2010 on FOX in the United States. The first season had 22 episodes and was produced by 20th Century Fox Television and Ryan Murphy Television. The first season features the Fictional William McKinley High School Glee Club “New Directions” located in the namesake school in Lima, Ohio. It also shows the glee club in several competitions; local, regional and nationals which was held in New York City. Relationships,Sexuality and other issues were explored in the first Season of Glee. This Season explored the interpersonal relationships between the members of the Glee Club and some of the staff and the club’s goals of winning and becoming a team.
Link: The Faces of Evil, Zelda: The Wand of Gamelon and Zelda's Adventure were all Legend of Zelda games made for the Phillips CD-i video game console. They are some of the few Zelda games made for a video game console that was not owned by Nintendo. The games all received bad reviews for their poor game design, bad animation, and bad voice acting. Despite not being well-known at the time these games came out, the games became more well-known because of the internet. In 2023, Zelda’s Adventure have unofficial demake on Game Boy.
Anastasia Verkhoglyadova (born 12 June 1995) is a Russian water polo player. She played at the 2015 World Aquatics Championships, 2017 World Aquatics Championships, 2014 Women's European Water Polo Championship, 2016 Women's European Water Polo Championship. and 2018 Women's European Water Polo Championship.
Yelena Starodubtseva (born 26 February 1989) is an Kazakhstani female water polo player. She was a member of the Kazakhstan women's national water polo team.  She was a part of the team at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships.
The idakka (Malayalam: ഇടയ്ക്ക, literally", in the middle"), also spelt edaykka/edakka, is an hourglass-shaped drum from Kerala in south India. This handy percussion instrument is very similar to the pan-Indian damaru.["citation needed"] While the damaru is played by rattling knotted cords against the resonators, the idakka is played with a stick. Like the damaru, the idakka's pitch may be bent by squeezing the lacing in the middle. The idakka is slung over the left shoulder and the right side of the instrument is gently beaten with a thin curve-ended stick.
Kombu or Kombu Pattu is a musical instrument. It is a long horn. People play this instrument by blowing into it. This instrument is used in the music from Kerala in southern India. "The size of a kombu can vary but it is approx 15 centimetres wide and 132 centimetres long. It is usually made of brass and costs about four thousand to five thousand. It is mostly used in southern India."
Princess Charlotte of Wales (7 January 1796 – 6 November 1817) was the daughter of George IV, King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and his wife, Caroline of Brunswick. She was their only child. Charlotte was born in London on 7 January 1796. On 2 May 1816, she married Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, who later became Leopold I of Belgium. On 5 November 1817, she gave birth to a stillborn boy. On 6 November 1817, she died from complications of the birth.
The 2000 Year Old Man is a comedy sketch. It was first created by Carl Reiner and Mel Brooks in the 1950s. It was then first performed public in the 1960s. Brooks plays a 2000-year-old man. He is interviewed by Reiner in a series of comedy routines that were turned into a collection of records and also performed on television. History. The main story for the sketches were laid during the making of "Your Show of Shows". Here, Reiner was an actor and Brooks was a writer. Reiner explains the first sketch: It was originally a joke between the two that was then shared at parties. Reiner started bringing a tape recorder to the parties because of this. Lots of people such as George Burns said to the two that they should their sketches on an album. Only Steve Allen, however, wasa able to convince them to record it in his studio. Recordings and performances. Their first television appearances while doing the sketch were on "The Ed Sullivan Show" in February 1961. It was then seen on "The Steve Allen Show" 8 months later. Reiner and Brooks released five comedy albums. The 2000 Year Old Man character was shown on one track for each of the first three albums and was always shown in the last two. It won the 1998 Grammy Award for Best Spoken Comedy Album.
The Kimberly water-holding frog, long-footed frog, collared frog, blotchy frog or variegated burrowing frog ("Ranoidea longipes") is a frog from Australia. It lives in the Kimberly region in Western Australia, the Northern Territory and Queensland. This frog lives in grasslands. It likes to dig in the ground. The females lay eggs in shallow water, 50 to 2000 at a time. The tadpoles grow into frogs after one month.
The term social order can be used in two ways:  It may mean a particular system of social structures and institutions. Examples are the ancient, the feudal, and the capitalist social orders.  Secondly, social order is the opposite of social chaos or disorder. It refers to a stable society where the existing social structure is supported by its members.  The problem of order (the Hobbesian problem} is central to much of sociology, political science and political philosophy. It asks how and why social orders should exist at all. Sociology. Thomas Hobbes was the first to clearly formulate the problem. He answered with the notion of a social contract. Social theorists (such as Karl Marx, Émile Durkheim, Talcott Parsons, and Jürgen Habermas) have proposed different explanations for what a social order consists of, and what its real basis is.
Call of Duty 2 is the second installment of the "Call of Duty" series.
Loa are the spirits of Voodoo. They are also referred to as "mystères" and "the invisibles" and are intermediaries between Bondye (from French Bon Dieu, meaning "good God") and humanity. They have their own personal likes and dislikes, songs, dances, ritual symbols (Veve), and special modes of service. The word "Loa" ("lwa") comes from Yoruba "olúwa" (meaning "lord" or "God"). There are many families of loa: Rada (also Radha), Petro (also Pethro, Petwo), Agwé, Nago, Kongo and Ghede (also Guede, or Gede) among others. In a ritual the loa are called down by the "houngan" (priest) or "mambo" (priestess) to take part in the service, receive offerings, and grant requests.
The Tepexpan Man is the name of a skeleton, which was found on the shore of the former Lake Texcoco in central Mexico. Archaeologist Helmut de Terra discovered it in February 1947. It is at least 10,000 years old. Even though it is called the Tepexan "Man," the skeleton is that of a woman. The skeleton was found lying face down with the arms under the chest and the legs drawn up to the stomach. The body most likely sunk into the mud surrounding it, leaving the shoulder, back, and hips exposed, which might explain why those elements are missing. It is possible that the body was originally put in a lake. Skeleton Skeleton discovered by archaeologist Helm ut de Terra in February 1947, on the shores of the former Lake Texcoco in central Mexico; found near mammoth remains. Analysis. Age. The deposits of the area where the skeleton was found dated the site where Tepexpan Man was found to about 8,000 to 10,000 years ago. Near the skeleton, there were the remains of five mammoths. They could be associated with obsidian flakes. Therefore, it was originally believed that Tepexpan Man dated to about 10,000 years ago. However, years later, researchers looked at the skeleton again and dated the remains using radiocarbon methods. It was then found to be closer to 2,000 years old. Dr. Silvia Gonzalez, a professor of geoarchaeology at John Moore University in Liverpool, used uranium isotope analysis to date the skeleton. Results showed that Tepexpan Man was 4,700 years old. She argues that contamination of the remains led to the wrong radiocarbon dates. Other critics have claimed that Tepexpan Man was an intrusion in that he was buried at a later date but dug into Pleistocene materials. An analysis of Tepexpan Man that was published in the 1947 issue of The Science Newsletter claims that the individual was at least 40 at the time of death. This was determined by "united seams in the skull" (referring to sutures), and fused epiph
Androgyne is the combination of the two genders or gender identities, which are man and woman, or genders related to masculinity like male, and femininity like female, associated with androgyny. Different from androgynous, it's used as a gender identity rather than being a gender expression or presentation. Terminology. The word is a mixture of ἀνδρ- (anér", andr-, andro-", man) and γυνή (gunē, gyné", gyne", woman).
Operation Moonshot is a programme by the UK government to allow many people in England to be tested for COVID-19 as a way to allow large gatherings of people to happen there while maintaining control over the virus. According to the "British Medical Journal", the programme aims to perform 10 million tests per day by 2021. People are worried about it because, as a leaked government document says, it is thought it may cost £100bn, which is about three-quarters of what the NHS England costs every year. Statisticians say because any test can have inaccuracies, mass testing at this scale might cause hundreds of thousands of false positives a day, resulting in very large numbers of people being told they are infected when they are not infected.
Kathleen M. Bruyere (née Donahue, previously Byerly; 5 February 19443 September 2020) was an American military captain in the United States Navy. She was one of the twelve women named by "Time" magazine as Time Person of the Year in 1975. In May 1975, she became the first female officer in the Navy to became the flag secretary to an admiral commanding an operational staff.  In 1977, Byerly was one of six officers who sued the United States Secretary of the Navy and the United States Secretary of Defense over their being restricted from serving on combat aircraft and ships. This led to the 1948 Women's Armed Services Integration Act being struck down as unconstitutional. Byerly was born in Norfolk, Virginia. She died of cancer on 3 September 2020 in San Diego, California at the age of 76.
Narong Wongwan (; 25 December 1925 – 10 September 2020) was a Thai politician and tobacco businessman. He was a long-term member of parliament representing Phrae. He was the leader of the United Thai Party and the Justice Unity Party. He was publicly known as the "godfather" "(jao pho)" of Phrae or even "godfather of the North". From 1983 to 1986, he was the Minister of Agriculture and Cooperatives. In 1992 for a short time, he was the Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand. Wongwan died on 10 September 2020 at a hospital in Chiang Mai Province, Thailand from dementia, aged 94.
Dr. Harold William "Bill" Heller (September 3, 1935 – September 11, 2020) was an American politician and educator. He was born in Scales Mound, Illinois. Heller was a member of the Democratic Party. From 2007 to 2011, he was a member of the Florida House of Representatives.  Heller died on September 11, 2020 in St. Petersburg, Florida at the age of 85.
H. Jay Melosh (June 23, 1947 – September 11, 2020) was an American geophysicist. His works focused in impact cratering. He was born in Paterson, New Jersey. In 2003, he became a member of the National Academy of Sciences. Melosh's research interests include impact craters, planetary tectonics, and the physics of earthquakes and landslides. His recent research includes studies of the giant impact origin of the moon and the Chicxulub impact. Melosh died on September 11, 2020 at the age of 73.
(born Igarashi Aya, November 22, 1983 – September 14, 2020) was a Japanese actress. She was best known for starring as Hime in "Kamen Rider Hibiki". She was also known for her role as The Girl in "Silk" (2007). Ashina was born in Fukushima, Japan. Ashina killed herself on September 14, 2020 in Tokyo from hanging at the age of 36.
Petko Jordanov Christov, O.F.M.Conv. (; 9 October 1950 – 14 September 2020) was a Bulgarian Roman Catholic prelate. He was a Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Nicopoli from 1994 until his death. Christov was born in Velcevo, Veliko Tarnovo.  Christov was president of the Catholic charity Caritas in Bulgaria and member of the Episcopal Conference of Bulgaria. Christov died on 14 September 2020 at the age of 69.
François Debré (3 April 1942 – 14 September 2020) was a French screenwriter and journalist. He was a member of the Société des gens de lettres. He was born in Toulouse, France. He was the son of Prime Minister Michel Debré. He joined the magazine "Afrique contemporaine" in 1966 before becoming a freelance journalist in 1968. He worked in Biafra for "Le Monde", and in Cambodia and Vietnam for "L'Obs" and "Le Point".  Debré died on 14 September 2020 in Montlouis-sur-Loire, France at the age of 78. His brother, Bernard Debré died the day before.
Mario Alejandro Hilario Cafiero (21 January 1956 – 13 September 2020) was an Argentine politician. He was a member of Proyecto Sur. He was born in Buenos Aires. Cafiero was a member of the Chamber of Deputies between 1997 to 2005. In 2011, he unsuccessfully ran for Governor of the Buenos Aires Province. Cafiero died on 13 September 2020 of colon cancer in Buenos Aires, aged 64.
Bernard Debré (30 September 1944 – 13 September 2020) was a French urologist and politician. He was a member ("député") of the National Assembly of France from 2012 to 2017. He was one of the representatives of the city of Paris. He was a member of the Union for a Popular Movement. From 1992 to 2001, he was the Mayor of Amboise. Debré was born in Toulouse, France. He was the son of Prime Minister Michel Debré and twin-brother of Jean-Louis Debré. Debré died on 13 September 2020 of cancer at the age of 75. His brother, François Debré died the next day.
György Keleti (18 May 1946 – 13 September 2020) was a Hungarian politician. He was Minister of Defence between 1994 and 1998 during the Gyula Horn cabinet. From 1992 to 2010, he was a member of the National Assembly. He was born in Lučenec, Czechoslovakia.  Keleti died on 13 September 2020 from a long-illness in Budapest, aged 74.
Raghuvansh Prasad Singh (6 June 1946 – 13 September 2020) was an Indian politician. In the Lok Sabha, represented the Vaishali constituency of Bihar between 1996 to 2014. He was the national vice president of the Rashtriya Janata Dal political party until 2010. He was born in Vaishali, Bihar. Singh died of COVID-19 on 13 September 2020 in New Delhi at the age of 74.
Jean-Louis Debré (30 September 1944 – 4 March 2025) was a French politician. He was President of the National Assembly from 2002 to 2007 and President of the Constitutional Council from 2007 to 2016.  He was the son of Prime Minister Michel Debré.  He was Minister of the Interior from 1995 until 1997 during the presidency of Jacques Chirac. Since 2016 he has been President of the Superior Council of Archives. Debré died on 4 March 2025 in Paris, France at the age of 80.
Joaquín Carbonell Martí (12 August 1947 – 12 September 2020) was a Spanish singer-songwriter and poet. He was born in Alloza, Spain. His career began in 1976. He wrote columns about traditional Argentine music on "El Periódico de Aragón". He was known for performing with Jose Antonio Labordeta. His last concert was in 2014.  Carbonell died on 12 September 2020 in Zaragoza, Spain from COVID-19, aged 73.
Carlos Horacio Casamiquela (June 9, 1948 – September 12, 2020) was an Argentine agricultural engineer and politician. He was appointed Minister of Agriculture of Argentina between November 2013 to December 2015. Casamiquela was born in Viedma, Río Negro Province. Casamiquela died from COVID-19 on 12 September 2020 in Buenos Aires at the age of 72.
Río Negro (; "Black River") is the most important river of the Argentine province of Río Negro, and Patagonia. Its name comes from the literal translation of the Mapuche term "Curu Leuvu", although the water is more green than black.  Formerly, it was also known as "river of the willows" because of the big number of weeping willows that grow along the bank. It's 635 km in length.
Aline Chrétien (née Chaîné; May 14, 1936September 12, 2020) was a Canadian socialite. She was the wife of Canada's 20th prime minister, Jean Chrétien. In her later life, she was a trained pianist with The Royal Conservatory of Music. He was born in Shawinigan, Quebec. Between 1993 to 2003, she was the Spouse of the Canadian Prime Minister. Chrétien died on September 12, 2020 in Shawinigan, Quebec from Alzheimer's disease-related problems, aged 84.
The spouse of the prime minister of Canada () is the wife or husband of the prime minister of Canada. Sophie Grégoire Trudeau is the wife of the 23rd and current prime minister, Justin Trudeau. To date, 19 women have been the wives of the prime minister of Canada; Kim Campbell, the only female prime minister to date, was unmarried during her time in office. Some media outlets have styled prime ministers' wives as the "First Lady of Canada", similar to the style of "First Lady".