ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Electrowinning is a manufacturing process for making metals from a solution containing dissolved metal. The process involves passing an electrical current from an inert electrode through the solution containing the metal, to plate the metal to another electrode. Also called electroplating, it is a common process for producing metals like copper, cobalt, nickel, zinc, aluminum, and gold among others. Electrowinning is one of the last processes in metal production. It commonly follows leaching which is a process that dissolves minerals into a solution.  Process. The electrical current is passed from the inert electrode, called the anode, and passes through the metal containing solution, called the electrolyte, and the metal is plated on another electrode, called the cathode. The ability to plate a metal depends on the reduction potential. The reduction potential depends on the many factors such as the metal in question, the solution temperature, the pH of the solution and other factors. The rate at which the metal can be produced depends on the amount of current being passed through the solution. Industry. Industrially the process is made up of a square cathode with equal sized anodes on each side so that the metal can be plated evenly on both sides of the cathode. A cell consists of alternating anodes and cathodes, starting and ending with anodes. A production plant consists of many cells allowing for production of lots of metal.
The Asia Pacific Democrat Union (APDU), is in international political centre-right, right group of political parties in the Asia Pacific Region. This union is tied and related to the International Democrat Union that is based in Munich ,Germany, the (APDU) Is labelled as a regional union on the International Democrat Union (IDU) Website. The Asia Pacific Democrat Union aims to provide a place in which political parties that have similar beliefs can exchange there views on matters of policy and interest so that ideas can be shared between party's so that centre-right ideals can be spread and be encouraged all over the world. This Union currently has 15 members, ranging from Bangladesh to El Salvador, the current chairperson is Ranil Wickramasinghe the former Sri Lankan Prime Minister Serving in this position since 2016. Tenzin Dargyalb Khangsar (Canada) From Tibet serves as vice chairman of the union making him the first person of Tibetan ancestry to represent the organisation. This lead to Controversy with China disagreeing with this Choice due to Tenzin Dargyalb Khangsar (Canada) previously denouncing China's claims on Tibet. BNP secretary general Mirza Fakhrul Islam Alamgir (India) has also been chosen as vice chairman and Hassan Latheef (Maldives). The Asia Pacific Democrat Union (APDU), does not have a separate website but you can email, and there party address currently is Sirikotha 400 Kotte Road, Pita Kotte Sri Jayawardenepura, Sri Lanka witch is also the headquarters of the United National Party (UNP). Current party members and affiliates include a range of party in government and opposition including the Liberal party of Australia, The Republican Party of the United States and even the Kuomintang in Republic of China (Taiwan). A full list of party members can be found Bellow.
Emperor Kôtoku was the 36th emperor of Japan according to the traditional counting. He was also called "Taika," for "Great Change." He ruled from 645 AD - 654 AD. He made the Taika Reforms, which changed parts of Tang dynasty ways of thinking about politics, running the government, and doing rituals for the Japanese court. Before he was the Emperor, he was called Prince Karu. He became emperor in 645 AD after his sister, Empress Kôgyoku, abdicated in his favor. That means she quit being Empress and gave Karu the throne. Some historians say that Empress Kôgyoku's son, Prince Naka no Oe, asked her to abdicate. Prince Naka no Oe who would later become Emperor Tenji. With the Taika Reforms, Kôtoku changed the way court officers wore clothes in 647. People of different rank (level of importance) wore different clothes. Kôtoku also said that the government had a monopoly on mined iron ore, meaning that no one else was allowed to mine iron ore. Before that, the Wakebe clan had mined iron ore. After Kôtoku died in 654, Kôgyoku became the Empress again, but this time she was called Empress Saimei.
Vinicio Bernardini (16 July 1926 – 23 November 2020) was an Italian politician and businessman. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies. Bernardini was a member of Italian Communist Party from 1976 until 1983. He was also Mayor of Pisa in 1971 and again from 1983 to 1985. Bernardini was born in Pisa. Bernardini died on 23 November 2020 from COVID-19 in Pisa at the age of 94.
Günter Rittner (11 March 192723 November 2020) was a German painter and illustrator. He was one of the best known German portrayers. He was known for his official portrait of German Chancellors Ludwig Erhard, Kurt Georg Kiesinger and Helmut Schmidt. Many of his works are found at the Bundeskanzleramt in Berlin. Rittner was born in Breslau, Germany. He lived in Gran Canaria in the Canary Islands. Rittner died at his home in Munich on 23 November 2020 at the age of 93.
Paul Nyman (3 March 1929 – 25 November 2020) was a Russian-born Finnish cyclist. He won the Finnish national road race title in 1955, 1956 and 1958. He also competed at the 1952, 1956 and 1960 Summer Olympics. He started in Peace Race four times: 1954 -did not finish, 1955 - 12., 1956 - 4. (this was the best result of a Finnish rider in this race), 1957 - 22. He was born in Vyborg, Russia. Nyman died on 25 November 2020 in Helsinki, Finland at the age of 91.
Vladimir Vasilev Ivanov (, 23 April 1955 – 26 November 2020) was a Bulgarian sprinter. He was born in Sofia. He competed in 400 metres at the 1980 European Indoor Championships. At the 1980 Olympics he finished sixth. Ivanov died from COVID-19-related problems in Sofia, Bulgaria on 26 November 2020, aged 65.
Eugene S. "Gene" Fraise (May 7, 1932 – November 27, 2020) was an American politician. He was a member of the Iowa Senate from the 46th district from 1986 until 2013. He was born in West Point, Iowa. Fraise was a member of the Democratic Party. Fraise died of COVID-19 on November 27, 2020, in West Burlington, Iowa at age 88.
Madieng Khary Dieng (21 November 1932 – 27 November 2020) was a Senegalese politician. He was a member of the Socialist Party. He was a government minister several times during Abdou Diouf's presidency. Dieng was Minister of the Interior from 1991 to 1993. He also was an Ambassador to The Gambia from 1996 to 1998 Dieng was born in Coki, Senegal. He died on 27 November 2020 in Rabat, Morocco at the age of 88.
Hakam Umar As‘ad Balawi (Arabic: حكم بلعاوي; 1938 – November 2020) was a Palestinian politician and writer. He was an Ambassador to Libya and Tunisia from 1973 to 1975 and from 1983 to 1984. He also was the Interior Minister from 2003 to 2005 during the Yasser Arafat cabinet. Balawi was born in Bal'a, British Mandate of Palestine. He died on 28 November 2020 at the age of 82.
Jan Kilian (27 December 1953 – 28 November 2020) was a Polish politician and businessman. He was a member of the Law and Justice Party. Kilian was born in Starogard Gdański, Poland. He was a member of the Sejm from 2015 until 2019. Kilian died on 28 November 2020 at the age of 66.
Vítor Manuel Oliveira (17 November 195328 November 2020) was a Portuguese football midfielder and manager. His manager career lasted from 1979 until his death. He won 11 promotions to the Primeira Liga, six as champion. He was born in Matosinhos, Portugal. As a player, he made the most appearances for Leixões from 1972 to 1975 and for Portimonense from 1983 to 1985. Oliveira died on 28 November 2020 in Matosinhos from a heart attack at the age of 67. Honours. Manager. Paços Ferreira União Leiria Leixões Moreirense Portimonense Individual
Portimonense Sporting Clube is a Portuguese sports club based in Portimão. It was founded on 14 August 1914. They are known for its professional football team, which currently plays in the Liga Portugal 2.
Jean-Louis Servan-Schreiber (31 October 1937 – 28 November 2020) was a French journalist and human rights activist. He was the co-founder of "L'Expansion" and the founder of "Psychologies" and Radio Classique. He was the author of several books. He was born in Boulogne-Billancourt, France. He was a member of the Human Rights Watch from 2007 until his death. Servan-Schreiber died on 28 November 2020 in Paris of COVID-19, aged 83.
Sahibzada Farooq Ali (5 September 1931 – 29 November 2020) was a Pakistani politician. He was the ninth Speaker of National Assembly of Pakistan from 9 August 1973 to 27 March 1977. He was born in Ghakhar Mandi, British Raj. Ali was a member of the Pakistan Peoples Party. He was a member of the assembly from 1972 to 1977. Ali died on 29 November 2020 in Multan, Pakistan at the age of 89.
Asad Qaiser (; born 15 November 1969) is a Pakistani politician. He was the Speaker of the National Assembly of Pakistan, in office from August 2018 to April 2022. He has been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan, since August 2018.  In April 2020, Qaiser tested positive for COVID-19 during the coronavirus pandemic in Pakistan.
Chaudhry Amir Hussain (born 22 June 1942) is a Pakistani politician. He was the 17th Speaker of National Assembly of Pakistan from 2002 to 2008. Hussain lost his re-election to the parliament in the February 2008 election.
Gohar Ayub Khan (; 8 January 1937 – 17 November 2023) was a Pakistani politician, businessman and retired army officer. He was a member of the Pakistan Muslim League. He was the Minister of Foreign Affairs during the administration of Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif from 1997 to 1998. Ayub Khan was also the 14th Speaker of the National Assembly from 1990 to 1993. Ayub Khan died on 17 November 2023 at a hospital in Islamabad, Pakistan from a short-illness at the age of 86.
Nazim Hussain Siddiqui (Urdu: ; 30 June 1940 – 15 January 2022) was a Pakistani jurist. He was Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Pakistan, from 31 December 2003 to 29 June 2005. He retired from service on 29 June 2005. Siddiqui died on 15 January 2022 in Karachi, Pakistan at the age of 81.
Vladimir Yevgenyevich Fortov (; 23 January 1946 – 29 November 2020) was a Russian physicist. He was director of the Joint Institute for High Temperatures from 1992 to 2013. He was president of the Russian Academy of Sciences from 2013 to 2017. In 1991, he became a member of the academy.  He was known for his research in thermal physics, shock waves and plasma physics. He was elected a member of the Academia Europaea in 1998. Fortov died on 29 November 2020 in Moscow from COVID-19 at the age of 74.
Ioannis Tassias (1 October 1958 – 15 November 2020) was a Greek Orthodox bishop. He was the Metropolitan of Langadas as Ioannis of Langada from 2010 until his death in 2020. He was born in Thessaloniki, Greece. On 13 November 2020, Tassias was hospitalized with COVID-19 in Thessaloniki. He died two days later from problems caused by the infection at the age of 62. He became the first Metropolitan of the Church of Greece to die from the pandemic.
Dimitris Kremastinos (; 1 May 1942 – 8 May 2020) was a Greek politician and physician. He was a member of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts.  Kremastinos was the Minister of Health, Welfare and Social Insurance from 1993 to 1996. He also was a member of the Hellenic Parliament from 2000 to 2004 and again from 2009 to 2019. From 2015 to 2019, he was the Vice-President of the parliament. On 26 March 2020, Kremastinos was hospitalized in Athens with COVID-19. He died two weeks later on 8 May from the infection, aged 78.
Édouard Marquis (17 August 1969 – 23 November 2020) was a French radio and television host, journalist, and producer. He was born in Paris. Marquis produced reports for France 2, Télé emploi, France 5, and MCM. Marquis died on 23 November 2020 in Montluçon, France from a long-illness at the age of 51.
Giorgio Morales (26 March 1932 – 29 November 2020) was an Italian politician and activist. He was Mayor of Florence from 2 October 1989 to 24 April 1995. He was a member of both Socialist and Forza Italia. Morales was born in La Spezia, Italy. Morales died on 29 November 2020 from pneumonia-related problems in Florence, aged 88.
Juan de Dios Roman Seco (17 December 1942 – 28 November 2020) was a Spanish handball coach and executive. He was born in Merida, Spain.  His coaching career lasted between 1964 to 2000. He coached the Atlético Madrid BM, BM Ciudad Real and the national team. He lead the national team into the 2000 Summer Olympics, winning the bronze medal. Between 2008 to 2013, he was President of the Royal Spanish Handball Federation. Román died of a stroke on 28 November 2020 in Madrid at the age of 77.
Philippe Clair (14 September 1930 – 28 November 2020) was a Moroccan-born French actor, director, producer, screenwriter, and comedian. He was born in Ahfir, Morocco. His career lasted from 1950 to 2013. He was known for starring in the 1962 comedy "Girl on the Road". He also directed, produced and wrote the comedies "Déclic et des claques" (1965) and "Par où t'es rentré ? On t'a pas vu sortir" (1984). Clair died on 28 November 2020 at the age of 90.
Albert Bacon Fall (November 26, 1861November 30, 1944) was an American politician. He was the United States Senator from New Mexico between 1912 and 1921. He was the Secretary of the Interior under President Warren G. Harding. He was known for being involved in the Teapot Dome scandal. He was found guilty of conspiracy and bribery and was jailed for one year as a result. He became the first former cabinet officer sentenced to prison as a result of misconduct in office.
Finch Avenue is a road in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is named after John Finch.
Freddie James Prinze (born Frederick Karl Pruetzel; June 22-1954 - January 29, 1977) was an American stand-up comedian and actor. Early life. Prinze was born in New York City to Edward Karl Pruetzel and Aurea Elana Ruiz. His father was German and his mother was Puerto Rican. Personal life. Prinze married Kathy Barber and had a son, Freddie Prinze, Jr., in 1976.
Croatian Americans (Croatian: Američki Hrvati) are Americans that have partial or full ancestral origin from Croatia. In 2012, there were at least 414,714 American citizens who have Croatian descent.  Croatian Americans are closely related to other European Americans, and are closest to other Slavic Americans. Most Croatian Americans are of the Roman Catholic faith, but other Christian faiths are commonly followed. The places with the most Croatian Americans are Chicago, Cleveland, New York City, Southern California, and Pittsburgh. Pittsburgh is the home of the Croatian Fraternal Union, which was made to help Croatian Americans in the area. Croatia's "State Office for the Croats Abroad" estimated that there are up to 1.2 million Croats and their descendants living in the United States. Demographics. Numbers. As of 2012, there are 414,714 Croat Americans. It is estimated that there are over 1.2 million.  In the 2006-2010 American Community Survery, the states with the most Croatian Americans were:
The native peoples of Europe are seperated by common genetics, common language, or both. It is estimated there are 87 distinct native peoples in Europe, 33 of which form the ethnic majority in their country. The other 54 are minorities in their countries. The Russians are the largest group, with over 134 million.  Languages. Indo-European. Baltic languages: Includes Latgalian, Latvian, Lithuanian, and Samogitian.  Celtic languages: Includes Breton, Cornish, Irish, Manx, Scottish Gaelic, and Welsh.  Germanic languages: Includes Danish, Dutch, English, Faroese, Flemish, Frisian, German, Icelandic, Limburgish, Low Saxon, Luxembourgish, Norwegian, Scots, Swedish, and Yiddish. Afrikaans, a daughter language of Dutch, is spoken mostly by South Africans and Namibians. Indo-Aryan languages: Romani Iranic Languages: Ossetian in the Caucasus, and Kurdish in Turkey.  Romance languages: Includes Aromanian, Arpitan, Catalan, Corsican, French, Friulian, Galician, Istro-Romanian, Italian, Ladino, Megleno-Romanian, Occitan, Portuguese, Romanian, Romansh, Sardinian, and Spanish. Slavic languages: Includes Belarusian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Kashubian, Macedonian, Montenegrin, Polish, Russian, Rusyn, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Sorbian, and Ukrainian Semitic languages: Maltese Language isolates: Greek, Albanian, and Armenian.  Uralic. Finnic: Estonian, Finnish, Livonian Permic: Komi, Udmurt Ugric (Disputed branch): Hungarian Disputed: Mari, Mordvinic, Sámi No branch: Samoyedic
Czech Americans (), known in the 19th and early 20th century as Bohemian Americans, are citizens of the United States who are of Czech descent. Population. The top 50 U.S. communities with the highest percentage of people claiming Czech ancestry. The top 50 U.S. communities with the highest percentage of people claiming Czech ancestry are: U.S. communities with the most residents born in the Czech Republic (former Czechoslovakia). The top U.S. communities with the most residents born in the Czech Republic (former Czechoslovakia) are: The states with the largest Czech American populations. The states with the largest Czech American populations are: However, these figures are grossly understated when second and third generation descendants are included. The states with the top percentages of Czech Americans. The states with the top percentages of Czech Americans are:
The Annam tree frog, South China tree toad or Hainan tree toad ("Hyla simplex") is a frog from China, Vietnam and Laos. Scientists saw it between 50 and 1500 meters above sea level. Scientists say this frog is related to the common tree frog.
Yara Abou Monsef (; born 31 May 1996) is a Lebanese model, actress, and social media personality. She is known as a content creator and women empowerment influencer. She started actively posting content on the social video sharing app, TikTok, in early 2019, where she quickly amassed a large following, Her TikTok account as of August 2020 has half million followers and counting , Career. Yara was born and raised in Ain Zebde. She speaks three languages fluently: English, French, and Arabic. She was elected as the second runner-up in Miss Lebanon 2018 as her quick wit and educated answers earned her the respect of the Lebanese as a woman of intellect. Yara is a World Vision Organization volunteer, youth leader, and tourist guide in Ain Zebde with the Nature Conservation Center-American University of Beirut. She is an excellent orator and she shares a passion for acting and singing. She started actively posting content on the social video sharing app, TikTok, in early 2020. Personal life. She has completed a bachelor’s degree in biology and a Master’s degree in animal biology at the Lebanese University (2014-2018) and has graduated as a double diplomate in Bio-Health engineering and Molecular diagnostics at the Grenoble Alpes University and the Lebanese University (2018-2019). Yara was born in Lebanon to a Lebanese father, Ahmad Abou Monsef, and a Lebanese mother, Micheline Kiwan. She has three siblings, two sisters and one brother. She moved to Beirut when she was 18 years old. Most of her family members are living abroad, She likes old music, the Rahbani brothers and fairouz mainly. Hobbies. Reading- horseback riding-singing- Playing Guitar Management. Echo, a sister company of Watary Digital.
Transparent wood is a new composite wood material. It is 90% transparent and stronger than wood itself. It was made for the first time in 1992. The material is biodegradeable. Transparent wood it is also shatterproof. On the other hand, we do not know how long-lasting it is. As soon as the news was released at the end of 2015, see-through wood had a big press reaction.
, often called as TWCU or , is a well-known private university in Tokyo, Japan. Organization. TWCU has one faculty divided into twelve departments. In 2018, the departments of the university have been restructured. Graduate programs are offered in their Graduate school.
Robert J. Brown (June 15, 1935 – November 14, 2020) was an American educator and politician. Brown was born in Stillwater, Minnesota. He was a member of the Minnesota Senate from 1967 to 1976. He was a Republican.  Brown died at his home in Roseville, Minnesota on November 14, 2020 at the age of 85.
François d'Harcourt (10 December 1928 – 5 November 2020) was a French politician. He was born in Paris. d'Harcourt was a member of the Union for French Democracy. He was a member of the National Assembly from 1973 to 1997. d'Harcourt died on 5 November 2020 in Annecy, France at the age of 91.
Hasbullah bin Osman (17 February 1957 – 16 November 2020) was a Malaysian politician. He was Chairman of the Syarikat Perumahan Negara Berhad (SPNB) from May 2020 until his death. He was a member of the Parliament of Malaysia between 2013 until his death. He also was a Member of the Perak State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Temenggor from March 2004 to May 2013. Osman was born in Gerik, British Malaysia. He died at a hospital in Pahang, Malaysia on 16 November 2020 from a heart attack caused by heart disease, aged 63.
Camille Bonnet (31 August 1918 – 17 November 2020) was a French rugby union player. He won the 1944–45 French Rugby Union Championship. He was born in Nogaro, France. His career lasted from 1936 until 1948.  Bonnet died of COVID-19 on 17 November 2020, at the age of 102.
Anneliese Schuh-Proxauf (10 March 1922 – 17 November 2020) was an Austrian alpine skier and tennis player. She competed in the 1948 Winter Olympics. Schuh-Proxauf was born and died in Innsbruck at the age of 98.
Jean Darnel (1923 – 20 November 2020) was a French actor and director. He was born in Bayonne, France. He acted and directed many French productions of classical plays such as "Romeo and Juliet", "Hamlet" and "Cyrano de Bergerac". Darnel died in Paris on 20 November 2020.
Cyrano de Bergerac is a play written in 1897 by Edmond Rostand. It is slightly based on the real Cyrano de Bergerac, and the play is a fictional story about his life. The play has been translated and performed many times, and it is responsible for introducing the word "panache" into the English language.
Corrie van Gorp (30 June 1942 – 22 November 2020) was a Dutch actress and singer. She was born in Rotterdam, Netherlands. She starred in the Dutch television series "De Wereld Draait Door".  Van Gorp died on 22 November 2020 in Rotterdam at the age of 78.
Benjamin Jiménez Hernández (31 March 1938 – 26 November 2020) was a Mexican Roman Catholic bishop. He became a priest in 1963. He was the titular bishop of "Sellectum" and as auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Culiacán, Mexico from 1989 to 1993 and then as bishop of the diocese from 1993 to 2011. Jiménez Hernández died on 26 November 2020 at the age of 82.
Louis Nzala Kianza (6 February 1946 – 26 November 2020) was a Democratic Republic of the Congo Roman Catholic bishop. He became a priest in 1927. He was bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Popokabaka from 1996 until his retirement in 2020. He also was the apostolic administrator of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Idiofa from 2006 to 2009. Kianza died on 26 November 2020 at the age of 74.
Roger Fite (13 October 1938 – 28 November 2020) was a French rugby union player. He was born in Cabrerolles, France. Fite made his first international appearance with France on 23 March 1963. After his playing career, Fite became President of the Comité du Limousin. He also sat on the steering committee of the French Rugby Federation. Fite died on 28 November 2020 at the age of 82.
Papa Bouba Diop (28 January 1978 – 29 November 2020) was a Senegalese professional footballer. He played defensive midfield but he could also play as a centre back. He played at Lens. He played for the national team from 2001 to 2008. Diop died in Paris on 29 November 2020 from Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis at the age of 42. "Scores and results list Senegal's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Diop goal." Honours. Grasshoppers Portsmouth AEK Athens Senegal