ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
The Red Turban Revolt was a major peasant rebellion in China during the 14th century that ultimately played a key role in the fall of the Yuan Dynasty and the rise of the Ming Dynasty. The revolt was part of the broader context of social unrest in China, driven by political instability, economic distress, and widespread dissatisfaction with the ruling Yuan (Mongol) government. Background: Yuan Dynasty: The Mongols, under the leadership of Kublai Khan, established the Yuan Dynasty in China in 1271. While initially successful, the Yuan Dynasty faced a range of challenges as time passed, including economic decline, natural disasters, famine, and political corruption. These factors weakened the central government, and the Mongols were increasingly unpopular with the Han Chinese population, who resented Mongol rule. Peasant Discontent: By the early 14th century, the Mongol regime had raised taxes, and the empire was suffering from a series of famines and floods. The poor economic conditions exacerbated social unrest, especially among the peasant class, which was already burdened by heavy taxation and labor obligations. The Yuan Dynasty's inability to effectively deal with these problems further alienated the population. The Revolt: Red Turbans: The revolt's name comes from the red turbans worn by the rebels, a symbol of their opposition to the Yuan Dynasty. The Red Turban Movement was a religious and peasant-led movement, inspired by Buddhism, particularly the belief in the coming of a Maitreya Buddha who would restore justice and peace. It is also associated with secret societies, such as the White Lotus Society, which sought to overthrow the Mongol rule and establish a new government. Key Leaders: The rebellion was not led by a single leader but by a series of local commanders and religious figures. One notable leader was Zhu Yuanzhang, who eventually became the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty after the rebellion succeeded. Progression of the Revolt: The revolt spread across China, especially in the Yangtze River Delta. The Red Turban forces gained momentum in the 1350s, with peasant and discontented military units joining the ranks of the movement. The Yuan Dynasty’s military forces were stretched thin, fighting multiple
Taa, also referred to as ǃXóõ, is a Tuu language distinguished by its extensive array of phonemes, potentially the most extensive globally. It is particularly remarkable for its significant functional load of click consonants, with studies indicating that 82% of fundamental vocabulary items initiate with a click sound. The majority of its speakers reside in Botswana, with a few hundred located in Namibia. The speakers identify themselves as ǃXoon (plural: ǃXooŋake) or ʼNǀohan (plural: Nǀumde), depending on their dialect. The Tuu languages represent one of the three primary language families that constitute the Khoisan languages. As of 2011, the number of Taa speakers was approximately 2,500. The term "Taa" translates to 'human being,' while the local designation for the language is Taa ǂaan, derived from ǂaan meaning 'language.' The ethnonym ǃXoon is utilized at the peripheries of the Taa-speaking region, though it is not commonly used by speakers in the central areas. Most current speakers of Taa belong to the ethnic groups ǃXoon (plural: ǃXooŋake) or ʼNǀohan (plural: Nǀumde). Taa exhibits several distinctive characteristics in common with West ǂʼAmkoe and Gǀui, which are collectively regarded as part of the Kalahari Basin sprachbund.
The crab pulsar. The crab pulsar (PSR B0531 +21) is a pulsar located in the heart of the crab nebula, 6,500 light years away from Earth in the constellation of Taurus. It was discovered in 1968 from the University of Arizona using the Arecibo Radio Telescope in Puerto Rico. The pulsar is about 970 years old and when a massive star went type II supernova in 1054, it was seen in the day for 20 days and at night for nearly 2 years. Location. Right Ascension: 05h 34m 31.95s Declination: +22° 00' 52.2" Distance: 2 kpc (6,524 light years) Features. The luminosity of the crab pulsar is 0.9 times that of the sun. It is about 10 kilometers (6.2 miles) in size and diameter. Its mass is 1.4 times that of the sun. Its tempreture is about 1.6 × 10^6 Kelvin and the core temperature can get to 3 x 10^8 Kelvin, the suns temperature is only 5,777 Kelvin so the pulsar is about 277 times hotter then the sun. Magnetic field is about 15,200,000,000,000 times stronger then Earths (7.6 x 10^12 Gauss) Completes a full rotation in 30.6 milliseconds (about 30.2 times every second) How it was formed. The pulsar was formed in 1054 when a supergiant star went type II supernova about 970 years ago, this star was about 8-12 times the size of the sun. When the star exhausted its nuclear fuel , it could no longer hold itself, the supergiant stars core collapsed under gravity, compressing protons and electrons to form neutrons, then the star exploded into a type II supernova.The star turns into a neutron star, this neutron star retained a significant amount of angular momentum from the original star, causing it to spin rapidly.The neutron star, now spinning at a high rate, emits beams of electromagnetic radiation from its magnetic poles, these beams sweep across space like a cosmic lighthouse.
Zaw Min Tun (; ; born Yenanchaung) is a Burmese army general in the Myanmar Armed Forces (Tatmadaw) and currently serves as a senior spokesperson for the Myanmar Army and the military-led State Administration Council (SAC), the governing body formed after the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état. He is also the leader of the Tatmadaw True News Information Team, the main body responsible for handling public communication on behalf of the military. As an important Burmese military figure, Zaw Min Tun often represents the Tatmadaw in press conferences and official statements, addressing both domestic and international issues. He plays a significant role in promoting the military's position on political and security matters in Myanmar. Zaw Min Tun became widely recognized after the military coup in February 2021, where he took a central role in addressing the media and explaining the military's positions on political developments in Myanmar.  Early life and education. Zaw Min Tun was born in Yenanchaung, a township in the Magway Region of central Myanmar. He attended the Defence Services Academy (DSA) and graduated as part of the 37th intake. The academy is recognized for training military officers who go on to hold key roles in the Myanmar Armed Forces. Military career. Zaw Min Tun has held various roles within the Tatmadaw. Over time, he rose through the ranks and gained prominence due to his communication skills and ability to handle public relations. As the head of the Tatmadaw True News Information Team, he ensures the military’s perspective is represented in local and international media. In his role as a spokesperson, Zaw Min Tun often addresses key issues, including military operations, policy decisions, and allegations of human rights violations. He provides updates on the military's efforts in managing the country's affairs and countering armed resistance groups. Public perception. While Zaw Min Tun's position as a spokesperson has made him a prominent figure, it has also attracted significant attention. Some view him as a representative of the military's position, tasked with sharing official information. Others have criticized his statements, accusing them of lacking transparency or being one-sided. He asserts that his primary duty is to present accurate
Margarita Boladeras Cucurella ( Barcelona, Spain ) is a professor emeritus of Moral and Political Philosophy at the University of Barcelona. She is known for her important contributions in the fields of philosophy, ethics and bioethics. Biography. Margarita Boladeras studied in France, Austria and Germany, therefore she has a good knowledge of French and German languages. She received her BA and PhD in Philosophy from the University of Barcelona, where she has developed most of her academic career. Over the years, she has worked on the development and dissemination of philosophical thought and has actively participated in numerous conferences and seminars, both national and international. Research Areas. Margarita Boladeras' main research areas include: Publications. Throughout her career, Boladeras has published numerous articles and books on topics related to ethics and political philosophy. Some of her most notable works include: Acknowledgements. Margarita Boladeras has received multiple awards and recognitions throughout her career for her contributions to philosophy and ethics. ,being an influential voice in the debate on bioethics and human rights in Spain and other countries.
Ameerega pepperi is a frog. It lives in Peru. Body. In one study, scientists caught two adult male frogs that were both 28.6 mm long from nose to rear end and the female frogs were 30.8 - 34.4 mm long. The skin of the frog's back is black with red, orange, or yellow color. There is more color near the head and less near the rear end. There are two yellow stripes that go from each eye to the rear end. There are two more yellow stripes on the face, starting at the nose. The belly is dark blue with some black. The legs are black or dark green in color. There are stripes on the back legs. The iris of the eye is black in color. Other than that, these frogs can be different colors depending on where they live. Frogs from further south have more red on their backs and frogs from further north have more yellow and orange on their backs. Name. Scientists named this frog for Mark Pepper, who studied poison frogs. Home. This frog lives in forests that human beings have not changed. It can live in forests that have never been cut down and forests that have been cut down and are growing back. People see the adult frogs hiding next to big rocks next to streams. Scientists saw the frog between 380 and 1000 meters above sea level. The frog lives in at least one protected park, Parque Nacional Cordillera Azul. Young. The male frog sits on a big rock next to a stream and calls to the female frogs. The female frog lays eggs on the dead leaves on the ground. She lays 22-44 eggs at a time. The male frog watches the eggs. People see the tadpoles in places where the stream water moves in circles and in pools next to streams, but this is because the tadpoles are trapped there when the water in the stream goes down. Sometimes the tadpoles take only five weeks to become frogs. Danger. Scientists say this frog is in some danger of dying out. People change the places where the frog lives, especially in Huallaga. People cut down forests to make farms, for example coffee and banana farms and to grow coca. People keep this frog as a pet, but scientists say this is not a danger to wild frogs. It is legal for people to grow the tadpoles in buildings.
Muhammad Zahid bin Mat Arip (born 22 June 1966) is a Malaysian politician. He was a Senator from June 2020 to June 2023 and served as Political Secretary to Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad from 2018 to 2020.  He is a member of the Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU), part of the Perikatan Nasional (PN) coalition, and was previously in the Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition. Before joining BERSATU, he was with the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), part of the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition. He also served on BERSATU's Supreme Council from 2016 to 2020.  He is the grandson of former Deputy Prime Minister Abdul Ghafar Baba. His uncle, Tamrin Abdul Ghafar, was an UMNO member who later joined the Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS).
The Atlantic Puffin is a type of bird. It spends most of its time on the ocean. It is known for its colorful beak and penguin-like feathers. It eats any type of fish.
In Hungary, analog mobile phone systems were introduced in 1990. In 1993, digital GSM networks were built. These early systems only provided voice services. At the start of the 21st century, mobile data communication systems also appeared. Today, the slow data speeds of GSM are being replaced by faster technologies like GPRS, EDGE, UMTS, LTE, and 5G. Active Mobile Network Operators in Hungary. Magyar Telekom. The company began in the early 1990s as Matáv, established in 1991. It became Hungary’s main provider of fixed-line telecommunications, modernizing the network and offering services to both private and business customers. The rapid growth of mobile communication brought significant changes. Matáv’s mobile subsidiary, Westel 900, launched Hungary’s first GSM service on March 31, 1994. This was a milestone in Hungarian telecommunications, leading to the widespread use of mobile phones. In 2000, Westel gained access to the 1800 MHz frequency band and dropped "900" from its name, becoming simply Westel, to reflect its technological advancements. Another major change came on May 3, 2004, when Westel was renamed T-Mobile, and Deutsche Telekom became its majority owner. The new branding introduced the iconic magenta "T" logo, representing the global T-Mobile brand. A key milestone in the company’s history occurred on November 1, 2007, when T-Online Hungary merged into Magyar Telekom, unifying fixed-line and internet services. The process of building a unified brand identity began on April 1, 2013, when Magyar Telekom started replacing the T-Mobile and T-Home brands with the single name Telekom. Yettel Hungary. Yettel Hungary has its roots in the 1990s when its predecessor, Pannon GSM, launched Hungary’s first GSM service on March 26, 1994. The company quickly became popular and grew into one of the country’s leading mobile service providers. As technology advanced, the company introduced 3G services on February 14, 2006, enabling faster data speeds. With this change, the company dropped "
The hourglass figure is one of four traditional female body shapes described by the fashion industry. The other shapes are the rectangle, inverted triangle, and spoon (or pear). The hourglass shape is defined by a woman's body measurements – the circumference of the bust, waist and hips. Hourglass body shapes have a wide bust, a narrow waist, and wide hips with a similar measurement to that of the bust. This body shape is named for its resemblance to an hourglass: the upper and lower half are wide and roughly equal while the middle is narrow in circumference, making the overall shape wide-narrow-wide. Women with the hourglass figure have been shown to be more admired. This can put pressure on women whose body shapes are noticeably different to strive to achieve the hourglass figure. This can lead to body dissatisfaction which can cause eating disorders in (often young) women from all over the globe.
The County Ground is a football stadium located in Swindon, Wiltshire, England, and has been home to Swindon Town Football Club since 1896. It has an all-seated capacity of 15,728 currently, which has been the same level since the mid-1990s. Capacity: 15,729 Owner: Swindon Town F.C. Opened: 1862 Team: Swindon Town F.C. Address: County Road; Swindon SN1 2ED; Wiltshire; England Field size: 110 by 70 yards (100.6 m × 64.0 m) Surface: ROOTS
The Vela supernova remnant is the remains of a Type II supernova that happened about 11,000 years ago. It is home to the Vela Pulsar (PSR B0833 -45) and the Pencil Nebula (NGC 2736). It was discovered in 1960 from the University of Sydney which later in 1968, found the Vela Pulsar. Its appearance is a colorful web-like structure.
Pencil nebula. The pencil nebula (NGC 2736) is a part of the Vela supernova remnant.It is about 815 light years from Earth located in the constilation of Vela.It was first discovered on 1st march 1835 by John Herschel.Its about 5 light years long and ever since it was created, it has been expanding about 179 km/s (111 mp/s). Location. Constillation:Vela Right acension:09h 00m 16s Declination: -45° 56' 53" Distance:0.25 kpc (815 light years)
Farewell to Tarwathie (Fareweel Tae Tarwathie) is a song written by George Scroggie (1826-1907). Scroggie was a Scottish poet-peasant who lived in Aberdeenshire in the north-east of Scotland, on Tarwathie farm. According to some he lived around Crimond (Creemond), about from the coast, while others claimed him to be a miller who lived near Aberdeen, in "Fedderate", New Deer. Origins and lyrics. The piece is part of the collection "The Peasant's Lyre", preserved in the Library of Congress, published in 1857 in Aberdeen, in which the poem "Farewell to Tarwathie" appears with 16 stanzas. Some scholars noted kinship between the Scroggie family and the "Cardno." The latter had more affinity with the sea and were whale fisherman. The poem is the protagonist's paean to his beloved homeland, shortly before leaving for Greenland on a whaling ship. The poet is sad because he has to leave his home to undertake the long and dangerous journey, but he is hopeful of returning richer. In that period, whaling became attractive, due to the introduction of steamboats. However, the "Whaler Tay", which was the first in the world to mount a steam engine, set sail from the port of Dundee in 1857: so it is assumed that the whaler on which the protagonist will embark, was a sailing ship. Bob Dylan, in retracing the sequences of the composition of Farewell, Angelina, stated that Scroggie's song was inspired by the old traditional ballad Wagoner's Lad, dating back to the 18th century. The protagonist is sad because he has to leave his home to undertake the long and dangerous journey, but he is hopeful of returning richer. In the period in which the poem was written, it corresponds to the new impetus given to whaling, with the introduction of steamboats.  However, the "Whaler Tay", which was the first in the world to mount a steam engine, had set sail from the port of Dundee in 1857: so it is assumed that the whaler, on which the protagonist will embark, was still a sailing ship.
Chess960, also known as Fischer random chess, is a chess variant that randomizes the starting position of the pieces on their back row, but there are some restrictions: The king must be in between the two rooks, and the bishops must go on their opposite colour squares. And their second row will still have pawns on each column. Castling. To castle in Chess960: All the squares between the king and the rook must be empty, no matter how far it is from each other and all normal castling rules are followed. To castle kingside, move the king and the rook to the same spots in regular chess (the king on the G-column and the rook on the F-column) and to castle queenside move the king and the rook to the same spots in regular chess (the king on C-column and rook on D-column). Origin. It was named after Bobby Fischer, which is a chess player that played the World Chess Champion.
Erik Selvig is a fictional character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), portrayed by actor Stellan Skarsgård. He is a scientist who specializes in astrophysics and has appeared in several MCU movies, including "Thor" (2011), "The Avengers" (2012), ' (2013), and ' (2022). The character also appears in other media, including non-MCU comics published by Marvel Comics. In the movies, Erik Selvig is known for his collaborations with other characters, such as Jane Foster and Thor, and plays a significant role in studying cosmic phenomena. His character is also notable for his involvement with the Tesseract and his interactions with both the Asgardians and the Avengers. He often provides comic relief and intellectual insight, navigating the challenges posed by the otherworldly elements present in the MCU.
Sharon Carter is a character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), portrayed by actress Emily VanCamp. Based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name, she is introduced as a S.H.I.E.L.D. agent and the niece of Peggy Carter, a key figure in the MCU and a love interest of Steve Rogers / Captain America. Fictional character biography. Throughout her appearances, Sharon Carter is portrayed as a strong, capable fighter and a loyal ally to Steve Rogers and the broader Avengers team. Her character evolves from a S.H.I.E.L.D. agent to someone grappling with betrayal and survival in a complicated world. Themes. Sharon's character arc touches on themes of loyalty, sacrifice, and the personal cost of being a hero, especially given her connections to Peggy and Steve. Her journey reflects the impact of the Infinity Saga on individual characters and their decisions, as well as the broader moral dilemmas faced by superheroes. As of October 2023, Sharon Carter remains a compelling character in the MCU, contributing to its ongoing narrative and rich universe.
An art model is a person posing as a model for an artist. The artist will use the model for a work of art. In many cases, such models are women or girls. Very often they are naked. They pass long hours in a given pose. Artists often asked their parners or spouses to act as a model. This was the case with artists such as Paul Cézanne, Salvador Dalí, Pablo Picasso and Heinrich Vogeler. Marie-Hortense Fiquet was first a model for Paul Cézanne and later became his wife. There are about 26 paintings of her.  Modelling is exhausing, as poses often need to be kept for a long time. When modleing for an art class, this is usually done in silence; no one spkeas to modles. Also , models are often nude. For this reason, children are usually banned from acting as an art model. Also children usually don't have the ability to hold still for a long time.
Maria Hill is a fictional character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), portrayed by actress Cobie Smulders. Based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name, she first appeared in a cameo in "The Avengers" (2012) and has since become a recurring character in the franchise. Maria Hill is a high-ranking agent of S.H.I.E.L.D. (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement, and Logistics Division) and has a close working relationship with Nick Fury, played by Samuel L. Jackson. Hill is depicted as a capable and strategic leader within S.H.I.E.L.D., often taking on important missions and helping to coordinate various activities among the Avengers and other agents. Maria's relationship with Nick Fury is one of mutual respect and cooperation. She often acts as his right-hand woman, providing support and handling operations when necessary. Over the course of her appearances, Hill's character is developed beyond just being a sidekick. She demonstrates leadership qualities, tactical skills, and a strong moral compass. With her strong presence in the MCU, Maria Hill has become a notable character among fans, representing female empowerment and leadership in a predominantly male-dominated field within the superhero genre.
Hsianwenia is an extinct genus of cyprinid from the Pliocene lake deposits on the Tibetan Plateau. Its only species is Hsianwenia wui.
Venezolana - Rutas Aéreas de Venezuela RAV S.A. or "Venezolana de Aviación", is an airline from Venezuela. Venezolana started flying in 2001 as a charter airline. In 2007, Venezolana begin schedule operations with Boeing 737-200s and BAe Jetstreams aircrafts. Since they got rid of their BAe Jetstreams aircrafts in 2010, Venezolana has been known (like any other Venezuelan airlines) to fly it's big plane (737-200s and MD-80s) to smaller airports locally.
The Dalmatian barbelgudgeon ("Aulopyge huegelii") is a cyprinid in the subfamily Barbinae. It is the only member of the monotypic genus Aulopyge. Etymology. The generic name comes from the Greek ""aulós" (αὐλός, "flute") + "pygé" (πῦγή, "behind, rump"), while the species name is named after Charles von Hügel. Description. Physical appearance. "Aulopyge huegelii" looks like a cross between a barbel and a gudgeon, hence its name. It is 20 cm long.