ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
The Williams' bon chretien pear, commonly called the Williams pear, or Bartlett pear in the U.S. and Canada, is the most commonly grown variety of pear in most countries outside Asia. It is a summer pear, not as tolerant of cold as some varieties. It is often eaten raw, but holds its shape well when baked, and is a common choice for canned or other processed pear uses. History. The Williams pear is thought to date from 1765 to 1770 from the yard of an Aldermaston, England, schoolmaster named Mr. Stair or Mr. Wheeler, giving rise to the now-obscure names Aldermaston pear and Stairs pear. A nurseryman named Williams later acquired the variety, and introducing it to the rest of England, which is why the pear became known as the Williams Pear. However, the pear's full name is Williams' Bon Chretien, or "Williams' good Christian."  In 1799 James Carter imported several Williams trees into the United States, and they were planted on the grounds of Thomas Brewer in Roxbury, Massachusetts. The Massachusetts estate was later acquired by Enoch Bartlett of Dorchester, Massachusetts. Unaware of their origin, Bartlett named the pears after himself and introduced the variety into the United States. It was not realized that Bartlett and Williams Pears were the same until 1828, when new trees arrived from Europe. By that time the Bartlett variety had become vastly popular in the United States, and they are still generally known as Bartlett pears in the U.S. and Canada, although there are about 150 other names worldwide. Pear Tree. Pear trees are typically in production for an average of 50 to 75 years, although some trees still produce fruit after 100 years. Height: 15–20 ft with slightly less spread.  Flowers: White flowers grouped in a corymb.  Blooming Time: April - May.  Fruit &amp; Seeds: Large, golden yellow skin, brownish red blush, classic shape with smooth, white flesh. Harvest from mid-August to mid-September. But depends on which side of the earths hemisphere
Enoch Bartlett (1779–1860) was a farmer from Dorchester, Massachusetts.  He bought Thomas Brewer's farm in Roxbury. This farm had a field of pear trees, which he named after himself, as he did not know the fruit already had a name. In 1828 a new batch of pear trees arrived from England, and it was realised that the Bartlett pear was the same as the Williams pear, but by this time the name had stuck, and is still the commonest name for this type of pear in Canada and the United States.
The Faint are an American indie rock band from Omaha, Nebraska. They have made 6 albums in their career.
A Binary image is a kind of raster graphic image. Each pixel of the image can only one of two different values, usually black and white. For this reason, only one bit is needed per pixel. Most of the time, the value 0 is coded as white, and 1 is used for black.  Binary images are used:
"United States Tennis Association"' (USTA) is the organization that controls tennis at the national level in the United States. It is a non-profit private organization formed in 1881 to standardize the rules of tennis. It is affiliated with the International Tennis Federation, which is the international governing body of tennis. At present USTA has more than 700,000 members. Its aim is to promote and develop the game of tennis and to develop better infrastructure for tennis. The USTA runs the Billie Jean King National Tennis Center which hosts the U.S. Open, the last grand slam of the year.
Kriol is one of the languages spoken in Central America, mainly in Belize. It is not an official language but is spoken by about half a million people. Kriol is based on English and is similar to other Creole languages, like Miskito Coastal Creole, and Jamaican Patois. History. Kriol is based mainly on English but is also influenced by other languages too, like the Native American language Misikito. It's also influenced by West African languages brought in by slaves, like Akan, Efik, Ewe, Fula, Ga, Hausa, Igbo, Kikongo and Wolof. There are some theories about the way Creole languages form, but one of them is that it was because of contact with English landowners and their slaves, and Kriol was created to make sure they could communicate at least a little bit. Today, Kriol is the first or second language of most of the people living in Belize, and a lot of them speak English as well.
Dame Joan Henrietta Collins (born 23 May 1933) is an English actress, author and columnist. She played Alexis Colby in "Dynasty". Personal life. Collins has been married five times. The first time was to Irish actor Maxwell Reed. They married on 24 May 1952 and divorced in 1956. Collins married award-winning singer, actor and movie composer Anthony Newley on 27 May 1963. She and Newley had two children, a daughter Tara Cynara Newley and a son, Alexander Anthony "Sacha" Newley. Collins and Newley divorced in 1970. In March 1972, Collins married her third husband Ron Kass. He was the president of Apple Records during the time of the Beatles. During their marriage Collins had her third and final child, a daughter, Katyana Kennedy Kass. Collins's marriage to Kass ended in divorce in 1983. On 3 November 1985, Collins married Swedish singer Peter Holm in a ceremony in Las Vegas. They were divorced on 25 August 1987. In 2001 Collins met theatrical company manager Percy Gibson, 32 years her junior. They married on 17 February 2002 at Claridge's Hotel in London. They renewed their vows in 2009. The pair were contestants on the Christmas Day edition of the ITV game show "All Star Mr. &amp; Mrs." in 2009. Collins has homes in London, Los Angeles, New York and the South of France, describing her life as being "that of a gypsy". Collins is one of the oldest models to ever pose nude in popular magazine Playboy. She did so at the age of 49.
Jacqueline Jill "Jackie" Collins OBE (4 October 1937 – 19 September 2015) was an English-American novelist. She wrote 32 novels, all of which have been on the "New York Times" bestsellers list. In total, her books have sold over 400 million copies and have been translated into 40 languages. Eight of the books were made into movies or television mini-series. She died on 19 September 2015 of breast cancer in Beverly Hills, California, aged 77.  She was the younger sister of Joan Collins.
A Sikh temple or Gurdwara ("the door or the gateway to the Guru") is a place of worship in the Sikh religion. In the temple, the Sikh scriptures are recited or sung, and sermons are given. Festivals are celebrated there. Sikh congregations also take part in birth, death, baptism, and marriage ceremonies in the temple. Guru Granth Sahib is usually placed at one end of the temple, high up under a canopy. The Gurdwara serves many needs. It is a place where people can develop spiritual knowledge and wisdom. It is open to everyone, of every age, sex, caste, and creed. All men, women and children are treated as equals. The temple offers shelter and food to anyone in need. It offers care for the sick, elderly, and disabled. It is also a centre for promoting culture and health. In the temple, children are often taught about morality, Sikhism, and history. The Gurdwara is also a place where people can talk about problems facing the Sikh community. For example, they can talk about situations where the Sikh code of discipline was broken, and they can decide on what punishment is needed. The Gurdwara also plays a socio-economic role in the Sikh community. It is expected to be free from any sectional interests or party politics.  A free kitchen is attached to every Gurdwara. There, the food ("Langar") is prepared and served. Other people and communities are allowed to visit a Gurdwara. This is one of the things that the Sikh community does to improve relations and understanding between Sikhs and other communities. These visits help satisfy others' curiosity about Sikhism. They also help visitors to better understand the Sikh religion, customs, and culture.  A Gurdwara is marked by the Nishan Sahib, the Sikh flag. The four doors of a Sikh temple represent the Door of Peace, the Door of Livelihood, the Door of Learning, and the Door of Grace. These doors must always remain open to everyone. Temple protocol. If someone wants to visit a Gurdwara, a certain protocol (or set of rules and expectations) must be
The red-shouldered macaw ("Diopsittaca nobilis") is a species of parrot. There are three sub-species. They are green with red shoulder flashes.  The birds are sometimes sold as pets. The are smaller than most macaws, and bond well with humans. They are intelligent birds, so many people keep them as companion animals. They are from South America, and eat fruits, nuts, and seeds. It is native to the tropical lowlands, savannah, and swamplands of Venezuela, the Guianas, Bolivia and Brazil. It has two distinct subspecies, the noble macaw and Hahn's macaw. The red-shouldered macaw nests in a hole in a tree. There are usually three or four white eggs in a clutch. The female incubates the eggs for about 24 to 26 days, and the chicks fledge from the nest about 54 days after hatching.
Quiet Riot is an American heavy metal band. They are best known for their hit singles "Cum On Feel the Noize" and "Metal Health". The band was started in 1973 by guitar player Randy Rhoads and bass player Kelly Garni, first calling themselves Mach 1, before changing the name to Little Women and finally Quiet Riot in May 1975. The first line-up featured lead singer Kevin DuBrow, Rhoads, Garni, and drummer Drew Forsythe. The lineup now has no starting members and includes lead singer Scott Vokoun, drummer Frankie Banali, bass player Chuck Wright, and guitar player Alex Grossi. Both Banali and Wright played on the band's most successful album "Metal Health" era, but Wright played bass on only two songs including the hit song "Metal Health", but did sing backup on the whole album.  The band's name came from a conversation with Rick Parfitt of British band Status Quo in which Parfitt said he'd like to name a band "Quite Right". With his thick English accent, it sounded like he was saying "Quiet Riot". They are ranked at number 100 on VH1's "100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock". History. The 70s - The band started in the mid 70s by guitar player Randy Rhoads and bass player Kelly Garni. Lead singer Kevin DuBrow and drummer Drew Forsyth joined later on. They made two albums that only came out in Japan, called Quiet Riot and Quiet Riot II. Kelly Garni left after Quiet Riot II was recorded, but before the album cover was made, so the cover has his replacement, Rudy Sarzo, on the cover. Randy Rhoads left later to play with Ozzy Osbourne who was starting a solo band after being kicked out of Black Sabbath. Drew Forsyth left later.  The 80s - Kevin DuBrow made a new band, with drummer Frankie Banali, guitar player Carlos Cavazo and bass player Chuck Wright, although they called themselves Quiet Riot. Rudy Sarzo came back in the band to record on the band's album Metal Health. It was very successful because of the songs "Bang
Arm wrestling is a sport with two players. Each player places one arm, either the right or left, on a surface, with their elbows bent and touching the surface, and they grip each other's hand. The goal is to pin the other's arm onto the surface, with the winner's arm over the loser's arm. Description. Many things can play a part in a player's success in arm wrestling. Skill and overall arm strength are the two greatest contributing things to winning an arm wrestling match. Other things such as the length of an arm wrestler's arm, his/her muscle and arm mass/density, hand grip size, wrist endurance and flexibility, reaction time, as well as countless other traits, can add to the advantages of one arm wrestler over another. It is sometimes used to prove who is stronger between two or more people. Some people arm wrestle in contests. In the United States of America, contests are held by the United States Armwrestling Federation, also called the USAF. The World Armwrestling Federation, also called the WAF, has more than 85 member countries. Avoiding injury. Arm wrestling puts enormous pressure/twist on the upper arm's humerus bone to a degree seen in few other physical activities. Most people's bones are not used to being so stressed in this way, and injuries can occur surprisingly easily. The arm typically fails because of a diagonal break at or below the midpoint between the shoulder and the elbow. The natural tendency of an inexperienced arm wrestler is to push the hand, wrist, and shoulder in the same coordinated direction, against the force being applied by the opponent. This is how we throw a baseball or hit a tennis ball. However, turning one's shoulder this way simply adds to the pressure already being applied to the humerus by the opponent. US Arm Sports advises of the danger of "letting your shoulder get inside your hand." It is better to pivot your shoulders so that you never look away from your hand. If the tendons and ligaments are too weak to support the pressure, the muscles can cause a complete tendon blow (pop). However, tendons can be strengthened with many methods. When tendons are in pain, they
Adam David Vernon Foote (born July 10, 1971 in Whitby, Ontario) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey defenceman that played 20 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) most notably with the Quebec Nordiques/Colorado Avalanche organizations. Foote played his last NHL game on April 10, 2011 with the Avalanche in a 4-3 OT win and was awarded the first star of the game. He won a gold medal with Team Canada in the 2002 Winter Olympics. On January 22, 2023, the Vancouver Canucks hired Foote to be an assistant coach under head coach Rick Tocchet.
Clay County is a county of the US state of Alabama. As of 2020 the population was 14,236. Its county seat is Ashland. It is a prohibition or dry county, which means alcoholic drinks cannot be sold, except in the cities of Ashland and Lineville. History. Clay County was formed on December 7, 1866 from land taken from Randolph and Talladega County. Its name is in honor of Henry Clay, famous American statesman, member of the United States Senate from Kentucky and United States Secretary of State. Clay County is one of only three counties in Alabama to have no U.S. Highways in its boundaries. During the Desert Shield/Storm conflict, Clay County had more soldiers serving per capita than any other county in the United States.&lt;ref name= "Ashland/Clay County, Alabama" &gt;&lt;/ref&gt; Geography. According to the United States Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and (0.3%) is water. Places of interest. Clay County is home to parts of Cheaha State Park in the Talladega National Forest and Lake Wedowee on the eastern boundary. The Pinhoti Trail system weaves its way through the Talladega National Forest to Mt. Cheaha, the highest point in Alabama. Hikers along the trail may see some of the local wildlife, including whitetail deer, wild turkey, and the rare bald eagle.
Elizabeth Téa Pantaleoni (born February 25, 1966), better known by her stage name Téa Leoni, is an American actress. She has acted in many movies. These include: "Bad Boys", "Deep Impact", "The Family Man", "Jurassic Park III", "Fun with Dick and Jane", "Spanglish", "Ghost Town" and "Tower Heist". Leoni was married to David Duchovny from 1997 until 2014.
The Eared Dove, Zenaida auriculata, is a New World tropical dove. It is seen throughout South America from Colombia to southern Argentina and Chile, and on the offshore islands from the Grenadines southwards. It appears to be partly migratory, but it may only be when it needs more food. When it lays its eggs, it builds a small stick nest several meters up in a tree. It is a close relative of the North American Mourning Dove.
The Socorro dove ("Zenaida graysoni") is a dove that was endemic to Socorro Island on the west coast of Mexico. The last bird was seen there in 1972. For this reason, IUCN has classified the species as extinct in the wild. In captivity, there are not more than about 200 and probably fewer than 100 purebred birds. Because of this, a reintroduction program is being prepared. It is a close relative of the mourning and eared doves. It was at one time considered a subspecies of the mourning dove.
Sean Bergenheim (born February 8, 1984 in Helsinki, Finland) is a professional Finnish ice hockey left winger that currently plays for the Florida Panthers of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was drafted by the New York Islanders with the 22nd overall pick in the 2002 NHL Draft. He also played with the New York Islanders for 7 seasons before signing a one-year contract with the Tampa Bay Lightning in the 2009–10 offseason. He played for the Lightning for 1 season and was signed to a four-year contract worth $11 million with the Florida Panthers. He played in the FNL for Jokerit where he played three seasons and in the SEL for the Frölunda HC for one season.
Morehead State University is a public, co-educational university in Morehead, Kentucky. The university has about 9,509 students. It was founded in 1887. The current president of the university is Dr. Wayne D. Andrews. Sports. The athletics teams of the university are called the Eagles. They have 18 varsity teams and they compete in the Ohio Valley Conference.
University of Montana is a public university in Missoula, Montana. The university has about 15,642 students. It was founded in 1893. The current president of the university is Royce Engstrom. University of Montana's ranking in the 2022 edition of Best Colleges is National Universities, #277. Its in-state tuition and fees are $7,492; out-of-state tuition and fees are $28,252. Sports. The athletics teams of the university are called the Grizzlies except for the women's basketball team, which is called the Lady Griz. They have 14 varsity teams and they compete in the Big Sky Conference.
Northern Arizona University is a public university in Flagstaff, Arizona. The university has about 22,204 students. It was founded in 1899. The current president of the university is José Luis Cruz Rivera. Sports. The men's athletics teams of the university are called the Lumberjacks. They have 15 varsity teams and they compete in the Big Sky Conference.
The Big Sky Conference is a NCAA conference that play in the NCAA Division I. The conference is headquartered in Ogden, Utah and features universities and colleges from the Western United States. In football, the league plays in the second-level Division I FCS. Members. As of the 2017–18 school year, the Big Sky has 12 full members, or schools that play almost all of their sports in the conference. Of these schools, only Idaho does not play football in the conference. Its team in that sport plays in the top-level Division I FBS as a single-sport member of the Sun Belt Conference. After the full Sun Belt members decided not to renew their football membership contract with Idaho when it expired after the 2017 season, Idaho decided to downgrade its football program to the FCS level and return to Big Sky football in 2018. North Dakota left the non-football side of the Big Sky to join the Summit League, home to many of its traditional rivals, in 2018. The school's football team will join the Missouri Valley Football Conference in 2020. It played the 2018 season as an FCS independent (not in a conference), and will do so again in 2019. However, North Dakota still plays a full Big Sky football schedule, and games against North Dakota count in the Big Sky standings for other conference members. Associate members. The Big Sky has four "associate" members that play only one sport in the conference.
Portland State University is a public university in Portland, Oregon. The university has about 27,972 students. It was founded in 1946. The current president of the university is Ann Cudd. Sports. The men's athletics teams of the university are called the Vikings. They have 14 varsity teams and they compete in the Big Sky Conference.
Eastern Washington University is a public university in Cheney, Washington. The university has about 10,750 students. It was founded in 1882. The current president of the university is Dr. Rodolfo Arévalo. Sports. The men's athletics teams of the university are called the Eagles. They have 14 varsity teams and they compete in the Big Sky Conference.
Idaho State University is a public university in Pocatello, Idaho. The university has about 15,553 students. It was founded in 1901. The current president of the university is Robert W. Wagner. Sports. The men's athletics teams of the university are called the Bengals. They have 15 varsity teams and they compete in the Big Sky Conference.
The University of Northern Colorado is a public, coeducational university in Greeley, Colorado. The university has about 12,358 students. It was founded in 1889. The current president of the university is Andy Feinstein. Sports. The men's athletics teams of the university are called the Bears. They have 15 varsity teams, almost all competing in the Big Sky Conference. The exceptions are three sports not sponsored by the Big Sky. Baseball plays in the Summit League, women's swimming &amp; diving in the Western Athletic Conference, and men's wrestling in the Big 12 Conference.
Montana State University – Bozeman is a public university in Bozeman, Montana. The university has about 13,559 students. It was founded in 1893. The current president of the university is Waded Cruzado. Sports. The men's athletics teams of the university are called the Bobcats. They have 15 varsity teams and they compete in the Big Sky Conference.
California State University, Sacramento, also known as Sacramento State University, is a public university in Sacramento, California. The university has about 29,241 students. It was founded in 1947. The current president of the university is Alexander Gonzalez. Sports. The men's and women's sports teams of the university are called the Hornets. They have 21 varsity teams, almost all of which play in the Big Sky Conference. The baseball team plays in the Western Athletic Conference, and the women's rowing team is in the American Athletic Conference.
Weber State University is a public university in Ogden, Utah. The university has about 25,130 students. It was founded in 1889. The current president of the university is Brad L. Mortensen. Sports. The men's athletics teams of the university are called the Wildcats. They have 15 varsity teams and they compete in the Big Sky Conference.
Virginia Commonwealth University is a public university in Richmond, Virginia. The university has about 32,436 students. It was founded in 1838. The current president of the university is Michael Rao, Ph.D. It came from a merger between the Richmond Professional Institute and the Medical College of Virginia in 1968. It has over 32,000 students. It is classified as having very high research activity by the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education. Sports. The athletics teams of the university are called the Rams. They have 16 varsity teams that compete in the Atlantic 10 Conference.
Hofstra University is a private university in Hempstead, New York. The university has about 12,400 students. It was founded in 1935. The current president of the university is Susan Poser. Sports. The athletics teams of the university are called the Pride. They have 15 varsity teams and they compete in the Colonial Athletic Association.
George Mason University (also known as GMU or "Mason") is a public university in Fairfax, Virginia. The university has about 32,562 students. It was founded in 1957. The current president of the university is Alan G. Merten. Sports. The athletics teams of the university are called the Patriots. They have 22 varsity teams, most of which compete in the Atlantic 10 Conference (A10). Mason has different conference memberships in two sports that the A10 does not sponsor. The men's volleyball team plays in the Eastern Intercollegiate Volleyball Association, and the wrestling team is a member of the Eastern Wrestling League.