ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
In legal use, an "issue" means a point disputed by parties to a lawsuit. Legal issue may also refer to either a person's lineal descendants or a group of securities offered for sale. An issue of law is a question of how a law is applied rather than a question of fact. Disputed point. With evidence in civil as well as criminal procedure, there are "issues" of fact. Issues of fact are presented by statements of fact which are each put to a test: Is the statement true or false? Often, different parties have conflicting statements of fact. These statements are then presented as alternative questions. The justifications are presented by proposing evidence in favor or in opposition. Formally the issues follow the form of "this statement is true and it is true because... (or it is false because) ... ". The list of issues is the list of the questions the parties request the court to answer. The court's answers usually must be provided before a legally acceptable date and the court should give reason when it decides not to answer any of them. Plaintiffs as well as defendants sometimes do not present their issues according to these due process premises. It is then the court that must decide the probable statements of fact and assume what is in need of legal answers.
The Supreme Court of Missouri, is the state supreme court and the highest court in the state of Missouri. It was established in 1820 and is located in Jefferson City, Missouri. Missouri voters have approved changes in the state's constitution to give the Supreme Court the sole legal power to hear five types of cases on appeal. Per Article V, Section 3 of the Constitution of Missouri, these cases involve: Unless their case involves one of those five issues, people who want a trial court's decision reviewed must appeal to the Missouri Court of Appeals. Most of these cases involve routine legal questions and end there. The Court of Appeals is divided geographically into the "Eastern District", "Western District" and "Southern District". Certain cases may be transferred to the Supreme Court at the Court's own discretion. These include cases of general interest or importance. They look at cases where the laws should be re-examined. They also review cases that the lower court's decision conflicts with an earlier appellate decision. This is similar to the process the United States Supreme Court uses in accepting cases. In addition, the Court of Appeals may transfer a case to the Supreme Court after an opinion is issued. This can be either upon request of one of the parties or at the request of one of the judges on the appellate court. History. In 1820, when it was first established, there were three judges on the Supreme Court. In 1872 the number was increased to five judges. In 1890, the court was increased again to its present size of seven judges. In 1890, the court was divided into two divisions. This allowed it to handle more cases and make quicker decisions. In 1976, the two divisions were eliminated by a constitutional amendment. The court now rules on cases "En banc" (all judges together) so decisions are made by the entire court. Judicial selection. Judges of the court are selected through the nonpartisan plan, nationally known as the Missouri Plan. Under the plan, the Appellate Judicial Commission submits the names of three nominees to the Governor. If the Governor fails to make an appointment with 60 days of the nominees being named, the Commission shall make the appointment. Once the judge has served for at least a year, he or she is placed on the general election ballot for vote of the people to keep their seat. If retained, judges serve a term of 12 years. The constitution requires that all judges retire by age 70.
Brihadratha Maurya was the last ruler of the Maurya Empire of India. He was the ruler from 187 BC-180 BC. He succeeded Emperor Shatadhanvan, and was killed by his general Pushyamitra Sunga in 180 BC. During his rule, the Mauryan Empire got smaller. The "Paramparapustaka" mentions that in 186 BC, the Greco-Bactrian king Demetrius I invaded India, and gave his daughter Berenice as marriage alliance to Brihadratha. Later on, according to the "Harshacharita", the general Pushyamitra Sunga crushed Brihadratha to death during a military parade in Pataliputra, around 180 BC. After his death, Pushyamitra Sunga founded the Sunga dynasty controlling the Mauryan territories.
"Luxurious" is a song by American singer and songwriter Gwen Stefani from her debut solo studio album, "Love. Angel. Music. Baby." (2004). Written by Stefani and Tony Kanal, "Luxurious" contains a sample of The Isley Brothers' 1983 song "Between the Sheets". The remix features rapper Slim Thug. A1. "Luxurious" (Remix featuring Slim Thug) – 4:22 A2. "Luxurious" (Album Version) – 4:24 B1. "Luxurious" (A Cappella) – 3:42 B2. "Luxurious" (Instrumental) – 4:24 Credits and personnel. Credits adapted from the liner notes of "Love. Angel. Music. Baby."
Jocelyn Bjorn Lovell (19 July 1950 – 3 June 2016) was a Canadian cyclist. He was known in the track and road cycling field. He was active in the 1970s and early 1980s. He won many of national titles as well as gold medals at the Commonwealth Games and Pan American Games. He competed at three Olympic Games. His greatest success came at the 1978 Commonwealth Games in Edmonton where he won three gold medals in Games record times. Later that year he won a silver medal at the world championships. He continued to race as an amateur into the early 1980s. However, on 4 August 1983 when he was involved in a collision with a dump truck while training. The truck hit him from behind and broke his neck and pelvis. He permanently became a quadriplegic. In 1985, he was inducted into the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame.
David Cyril Eric Swarbrick (5 April 1941 – 3 June 2016) was an English folk musician and singer-songwriter. He was one of the most highly known musicians produced by the second British folk revival. His work for the group Fairport Convention from 1969 along with their album album "Liege &amp; Lief" (1969) was thought to create the electric folk movement. Swarbrick died on 3 June 2016 from emphysema, aged 75.
Sten Lundin (20 November 1931 – 3 June 2016) was a Swedish professional motocross racer.&lt;ref name="1960 Monark/Lito"&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; He won the F.I.M. 500cc Motocross World Championship in 1959 riding a Monark. In the 1960 world championship, he finished in second place, two points behind Bill Nilsson. Lundin was also a member of the victorious Swedish team at the 1955 Motocross des Nations.
Vitaliy Andriiovych Masol (; November 14, 1928 – September 21, 2018) was a Ukrainian politician. He was Prime Minister of Ukraine from 1994 to 1995. He was confirmed as Prime Minister on June 16, 1994 and resigned from that post on March 1, 1995. Masol died on September 21, 2018 in Kyiv, aged 89.
The Radical Republicans were a political faction of American politicians within the Republican Party. They existed from 1854 until the end of Reconstruction in 1877. They called themselves "radicals.". They were opposed during the war by the Moderate Republicans (led by Abraham Lincoln). One of the fears of the radicals was that if Northern and Southern Democrats came back together again as they had before the Civil War the Republican party would no longer be the dominant political party. History. In 1854, the Republican Party was formed as a result of the Kansas–Nebraska Act. The act split the Whig Party in two. The Northern Whigs united with the members of the Free Soil Party. Together with the Know-Nothing Party they formed the Republican Party.  Between its formation in 1854 and 1861, the Republican Party had many different factions or groups. It attracted Whigs, Anti-Slavery Democrats, Know-Nothings, and Abolitionists, but by the start of the Civil War it had been reduced to just three factions: conservatives, moderates and radicals. The Republicans generally opposed slavery. At first, many opposed giving African Americans equal rights when and if slavery ended. Radical Republicans believed they should be given equal rights and have the same opportunities as white people. They also wanted the leaders of the Confederate States of America to be punished for any part they played in the Civil War. Many radical Republicans believed blacks were entitled to the same political rights and opportunities as whites. They also believed that the Confederate leaders should be punished for their roles in the Civil War.
Robert George "Bob" Uecker ( ; January 26, 1934 – January 16, 2025) was an American Major League Baseball player, later a sportscaster, comedian and actor. Uecker was also known as "Mr. Baseball". He was a play-by-play announcer for Milwaukee Brewers radio broadcasts.  Uecker was a member of the National Baseball Hall of Fame as a 2003 recipient of the Ford C. Frick Award for his broadcasting career. Uecker was diagnosed with small-cell lung cancer in 2023. He died on January 16, 2025 in Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin, ten days before his 91st birthday.
Capellen (, ) is a town in the commune of Mamer, in south-western Luxembourg, west of Luxembourg City. Despite not having a "commune" named after it, Capellen gives its name to the canton of Capellen. History. Capellen lies on the old Roman road, today's "Kiemwee", from Trier in Germany to Reims and Paris. When Luxembourg was divided into cantons in 1840, as a result of disputes between Mamer and Koerich, it was decided that the canton should be named Capellen and that Capellen should become the capital of the canton. Geography. Capellen has an area of . The altitude at the church is high. Population. There were 1,677, persons living in the "commune" in 2015, for a population density of inhabitants/km².
The Red Fort (Lal Qila) is a monument built in 1648 that rises above Old Delhi. It was built by the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan. The fort is located in the centre of Delhi, India. It is made of red stone and marble. It was built on the right bank of the Yamuna River.  The Red Fort was originally referred to as "Qila-i-Mubarak" (the blessed fort), because it was the residence of the royal family. The layout of the Red Fort was organised to keep and integrate this site with the Salimgarh Fort. The planning and aesthetics of the Red Fort represent the high point in Mughal creativity which happened during the reign of Emperor Shah Jahan. This Fort has had many additions after its construction by Emperor Shah Janan. It is a World Heritage Site. it is made out of red sandstone. References. The Red Fort was built as the palace for of shahjahanbad it was the fifth capital of Mughal emperor of India shahjan redfort is Indias most important place
Karaikal Port Private Limited is a private port in Karaikal, Puducherry, India. It was made by the Chennai-based company MARG limited. The project began in 2005. It was first used in April 2009. So far, the port has handled cargoes such as coal, petroleum coke, raw sugar, fertilizer, cement, project cargo and construction materials. Containers and liquid cargo are soon to follow. When it is finished, the port will be able to handle all types of cargo. Karaikal Port is also a hub for oil exploration activities. Companies such as Hindustan Oil Exploration Company (HOEC) and Reliance Petroleum regularly call at the port. Karaikal Port is a deep draft, all weather port. The current depth of allows for handling of Gearless Panamax size ships (up to 80000 MT).
Shivaji Maharaj ("Shivaji Shahaji Bhonsale)" was the founder of the Maratha Empire. He was born in the Shivneri Fort in Maharashtra probably on 19 February 1630.  Shivaji is one of the revered historical figures of Maharashtra. He created an independent and sovereign state in the Maharashtra region. His mother, Rajmata Jijabai was the daughter of Shri. Lakhuji Jadhavrao of Sindkhed. His father Shri. Shahajiraje Bhosale was a Maratha general in the Deccan.  Most of the territory in Maharashtra was then under the possession of the Nizamshah of Ahmednagar and the Adilshah of Bijapur who were known as the Deccan sultanates. The Mughals launched a campaign to conquer the Nizamshahi Kingdom. The Adilshah of Bijapur allied with the Mughals in this campaign. Shri. Shahajiraje Bhosale tried to rebel, but he could not withstand the combined might of the Mughals and the Adilshahi. The Nizamshahi kingdom came to an end in 1636. Thereafter Shri.Shahajiraje became a Sardar of the Adilshah of Bijapur and was posted in Karnataka. The region comprising Pune, Supe, Indapur, and Chakan Parganas located between the Bhima and Nira rivers which were vested in Shri. Shahdara as a jagir was continued by the Adilshah. Shri. Shahdara was also given a jagir of Bangalore. Rajmata Jijabai and Chh. Shivaji , stayed for a few years with Shahaji Raje at Bangalore until Shivaji I was twelve years old. Shri. Shahaji entrusted the administration of the Lakshmi jagir to Shivaji and Mata Jijabai. Shivaji grew up amidst the hills and valleys of the Pune region under the guidance of his mother Raajmata Jijabai. His mother taught him the stories of the Hindu epics and scriptures such as Mahab
At the start of the American Civil War, Kansas was a new state. Kansas did not allow slavery in the state constitution. Kansas fought on the side of the Union, although there was a big pro-slavery feeling. These divisions led to some conflicts. The conflicts included the Lawrence Massacre in August 1863. Later the state witnessed the defeat of Confederate General Sterling Price by Union General Alfred Pleasonton at Mine Creek.  Background. Kansas had been admitted as a state of the Union in January 1861. This was very shortly before the outbreak of the Civil war. There had been some guerrilla fighting between pro-slavery and anti-slavery groups. The fighting became known as Bleeding Kansas. After three constitutions, the fourth, called the Wyandotte Constitution, was approved by the voters and sent to the United States Congress for approval and statehood.  Kansas entered the Union as a free state and the 34th state on January 29, 1861. Even after it became a state, there were still hard feelings in Kansas. The Kansas-Missouri border continued to be terrorized by Guerrilla bands from both sides.  But statehood did not settle the hard feelings in Kansas — or the violence. Pro-slavery people still fought at the Kansas-Missouri border throughout the war. Lawrence, a free-state place in the 1850s, was burned, and more than 150 men and boys were killed by a pro-Southern irregular army under William Quantrill in 1863. Military units. Less than three months after Kansas became a state, on April 12, Fort Sumter was attacked by Confederate troops and the Civil War began. In Washington D.C., there were rumors that President Abraham Lincoln would be kidnapped or even assassinated. A senator from Kansas, James Henry Lane organized 120 men from Kansas called the "Frontier Guard". For three weeks they remained in the White House to protect the President. Most Kansans favored joining the Union in the war. Governor Charles Robinson and Senator Lane recruited troops for the Union Army. During the war the federal government called for a total of 16,654 men from Kansas. But more than
Mamer is a commune and small town in the Capellen canton, south-western Luxembourg. It is at west of Luxembourg City. History. The Treveri, a Gallic or Celtic tribe, inhabited the region for several hundred years until they were conquered by Julius Caesar in 54 BC. A Celtic necropolis from the 1st century was discovered in the early 1970s on the "Juckelsboesch" plateau between Mamer and Kehlen. During the Gallo-Roman era which lasted until about 450, the Romans built and maintained a number of roads in the area including the "Kiem" (Latin "caminus", road) linking Trier to Reims through what is now Mamer. "Mambra" was a small Roman settlement on the banks of the Mamer river at the eastern end of today's Mamer. The Roman settlement was burnt by Germanic invaders around 276. The road linking Luxembourg City to Brussels, passing through Mamer, was built in 1790. In 1859, the railway to Brussels was opened, with a station in Mamer. Geography. Mamer is in the south-west of the country, on the Mamer river, a tributary of the Alzette river. The "commune" has an area of . The altitude is high. At the church, the altitude is high; the highest point in the "commune" is "Juckelbösch" that is . Mamer is surrounded by seven "communes" of Luxembourg: Koerich and Kehlen to the north, Strassen to the east, Bertrange to the southeast, Dippach to the southwest, Garnich to the west and Steinfort to the northwest. The "communes" Strassen and Bertrange are part of the Luxembourg canton but the rest are part of the Capellen canton. Population. There were 9,185 persons living in the "commune" in 2017, for a population density of inhabitants/km². Other towns, besides the town of Mamer, within the "commune" are Capellen and Holzem. Evolution of the population in Mamer Twinned and partner towns. Mamer is twinned withː
Diemerswil was a municipality in Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. Since 2023, it became a part of Münchenbuchsee.
Begum Jan is a doctor from South Waziristan, Pakistan. In 2008 she received the International Women of Courage Award. Jan cares for women and children in Pakistan's dangerous tribal areas. Life. When Jan was a child, she studied with boys, because there was no school for girls. When the tribal leaders said she could not go to high school with boys, she studied with a tutor. She went to medical school in Jalalabad, Afghanistan. Work. Jan worked at Pakistan Red Crescent. She worked with women and children at a mental hospital. She also worked with Afghan refugees. Jan started the Tribal Women Welfare Association.
Nibal Thawabteh (Arabic language نبال ثوابتة) is a Palestinian political activist. In 2009 she received the International Women of Courage Award. During her speech at the ceremony, she spoke for the Palestinian people and asked the world to listen to the Palestinian women. Work. Thawabteh was the first woman to be elected to the Beit Fajjar Village Council. Beit Fajjar is a village near Bethlehem. She also helped other women get seats in the Village Council. Thawabteh started a monthly newspaper to write about subjects like honor killing, polygamy, and poverty. Thawabteh is the director of the Media Development Center at Birzeit University in Birzeit, Palestine, near Ramallah.
Cynthia Bendlin is a human rights activist from Paraguay. She works against human trafficking. In 2008, she received the International Women of Courage Award. Work. Bendlin is the head of the International Organization of Migration. The organization works to prevent of trafficking of women in the border area of Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay. According to Bendlin, there are 6000 possible victims of trafficking in this area. In 2006 and 2007, the organization had seminars to teach government leaders to fight trafficking. The seminars were in Ciudad del Este, Paraguay, Foz do Iguasu, Brazil and Porto Iguasu, Argentina.
Slither.io is an online multiplayer video game. It is played on a web browser or through an app. The game was started by Steve Howse in 2016.  The game is played in the role of a snake eating 2-dimensional glowing dots on a grid. It is based on the 2015 game Agar.io, with the main difference is that snakes will die when their head collides with another snake, instead of being based on size like in Agar.io. The game is most played in multiplayer, where every snake is a human player. In the iOS and Android versions, however, it can also be played in singleplayer, where every snake except the player is controlled by the device.
Ashley Michele Greene (born February 21, 1987) is an American actress and model. She is best known for playing Alice Cullen in the Twilight Saga movies. Early life. Greene was born in Jacksonville, Florida. Her mother is Michele Greene (née Tatum), who works in insurance, and Joe Greene, a former U.S. Marine who now owns a concrete business. She grew up in Middleburg and Jacksonville. She moved to Los Angeles, California, at the age of 17 to pursue an acting career. Greene has an older brother named Joe. Career. At first, she planned to become a model. Her manager told her that she was not tall enough to be a fashion model and that she should act in commercials instead. After taking commercial and acting classes, she realized that she liked acting more than modeling. Greene graduated from high school early and moved to L.A. to start her acting career. Acting. Early in her career, she had guest roles on television programs, such as "Punk'd" and "Crossing Jordan". In 2008, she had an important role in the movie "Twilight", which was based on the novel of the same name by Stephenie Meyer. She played the character Alice Cullen. She was also in the sequels to "Twilight": ' (2009), ' (2010), ' (2011), and ' (2012). Greene played Michelle Burkham in the drama movie "Skateland" (2010). She acted in the movie "A Warrior's Heart" with Kellan Lutz, who was also in "Twilight". Greene acted along with Miley Cyrus and Demi Moore in the drama movie "LOL" (2012). In 2013, Greene was in the historical film "CBGB" about the former Manhattan music club with the same name. Modeling. In 2010, Greene did modeling for an advertisement by the company SoBe. In this advertisement, she wore body paint. Later the same year, Greene became the main model for the Mark brand of cosmetics. This brand is made by the company Avon. Greene received an award from the PETA foundation because of her work with Avon, which does not do animal testing. She also received "The Style Icon Award" from the magazine "Hollywood Life" at the Young Hollywood Awards.
Bévilard is a municipality in the administrative district of Jura bernois in the canton of Berne in Switzerland. On 1 January 2015, the former municipalities of Bévilard, Malleray and Pontenet into the new municipality of Valbirse.
Diesse was a municipality of the administrative district of Jura bernois in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. On 1 January 2014, the former municipalities of Diesse, Lamboing and Prêles merged into the new municipality of Plateau de Diesse.
Popular sovereignty was a political doctrine in the United States that held that the people who lived in a state or region should decide what kind of government or laws they should have. Popular sovereignty allowed settlers of a territory to decide for themselves on the question of slavery without any interference from the federal government. During 19th century it was a compromise used to determine if a western territory or new state would accept or reject slavery within its borders.  It was first promoted in the 1840s. Stephen A. Douglas, one of the sponsors of the Kansas–Nebraska Act inserted it in the new law as a measure to balance slave and free states. Abraham Lincoln was one of those who did not agree. He thought Congress should regulate federal territories. The act was passed but popular sovereignty proved to have deadly consequences. When Kansas was being considered for statehood, there was a rush by both people who were for and against slavery to go to Kansas and vote on the issue of slavery. This resulted in a great deal of fraud and violence. It led directly to Bleeding Kansas, the bloody border war over slavery.
"Cool" is a song by American singer and songwriter Gwen Stefani from her debut solo studio album, "Love. Angel. Music. Baby." (2004). Written by Stefani and Dallas Austin, the song was released on July 5, 2005 as the album's fourth single. The song was compared to early music by Madonna, Cyndi Lauper and Janet Jackson. Music video. "Cool"s music video was directed by Sophie Muller and was filmed in Lake Como, Italy. The video features flashbacks of Stefani with brunette hair. A1. "Cool" (Richard X Remix) – 6:37 A2. "Cool" (Richard X Dub Mix) – 7:10 B1. "Cool" (Photek DJ Mix) – 6:34 B2. "Cool" (Photek Remix) – 5:49 Credits and personnel. Credits adapted from the liner notes of "Love. Angel. Music. Baby."