ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
James Merrill "Jim" Jeffords (May 11, 1934 – August 18, 2014) was an American politician. He was a United States Senator from Vermont. He was senator from January 3, 1989 through January 3, 2007. Before being senator, Jeffords was a member of the United States House of Representatives for Vermont. He was elected as a Republican. In 2001 he left the party to become a Independent. That gave control of the Senate to the Democratic Party. Jeffords died on August 18, 2014 from Alzheimer's disease at Knollwood, a military retirement facility in Washington, D.C.. He had lived there for eight years. He was 80 years old.
Pope Pius VIII (; 20 November 1761 – 30 November 1830), born Francesco Saverio Castiglioni was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 254th Pope from 1829 and 1830. Early life. He was born in Cingoli near Ancona. Bishop. In 1800, Pius VII named Castiglioni to be Bishop of Montalto. Cardinal. Pius VII made Castiglioni a cardinal in 1816. Cardinal Catiglioni was made Bishop of Frascati in 1822. Pope. Cardinal Castiglioni was elected Pope 1829; and his reign lasted only 20 months.
The RMS "Lusitania" was a British Ocean Liner. Built in 1907, the ship is best known for being sunk by Germany.  Many believe the Lusitania was carrying ammunition to British troops when it was torpedoed by a German U-Boat (U-20) early on 7 May 1915 during World War I.  More than a thousand people were on board, including 128 Americans. They were killed when the ship sank. At first President Woodrow Wilson only asked the German government to apologize and compensate the families of the victims.  Two years later, this and other events led to the United States joining World War I on the Allied side.
Orvon Grover Autry (September 29, 1907 – October 2, 1998), better known as Gene Autry was an American movie actor and a singer. He was born in Tioga, Texas. He was also owner of a Major League Baseball team based in Los Angeles. His is best known for the song "Back in the Saddle Again" but he also performed many Christmas songs. Autry died of lymphoma in Studio City, Los Angeles, California.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), also known as chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD), and chronic obstructive airway disease (COAD), is a collection of diseases which make breathing gradually more difficult. Symptoms of COPD include difficulty breathing and cough, in particular coughing up lots of phlegm. It is usually caused by smoking cigarettes, and around half of people who smoke for their whole lives will develop COPD. Air pollution can be another cause, particularly in countries where indoor fires are used without ventilation. At the beginning of the disease, the difficulty breathing is only noticeable when exercising, but over many years it gradually becomes worse, until there is difficulty breathing even when sitting or lying down. It can also lead to infections of the lung, which may be serious enough to cause death.  The most important step in preventing COPD or its progression into a worse illness is to stop smoking. Exercise and medications can also help. The most commonly used medications are called bronchodilators, which help to open up the airways and allow more air into the lungs. 3% of all disability is related to COPD. Patients with COPD should be screened for mental depression or low mood. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were the third most common cause of death globally in 2019. It is thought that more people will die from it in the future.
An inhaler is a device for taking medications that are breathed in. Inhalers are also called "puffers" by some people, and used for all sorts of respiratory problems including asthmatic disorders.
Dita von Teese (born Heather Renée Sweet on September 28, 1972) is an American burlesque performer, actress, model, and singer. Von Teese was married to rock musician Marilyn Manson from 2005 to 2007. She has no children.
Khedive is a ruler. The word means the same as viceroy. It is an official who runs a country, colony, province, or city, as the representative of the monarch of the territory. Khedive was the title of Egyptian rulers from 1867 to 1914. It was given to the Turkish ruler of Egypt by the Ottoman Sultan, and removed by the British Empire when the Ottomans joined Germany in World War I. The title was first used by Muhammad Ali Pasha, an Albanian officer who seized power in Egypt as "Wali" (Governor). He ruled under the nominal overlordship of the Turks. His family was not recognized by the Sultan until the reign of his grandson Ismail Pasha. The last Khedive of Egypt was Abbas II. The dynasty of Muhammad Ali continued to rule Egypt, though under British 'guidance'. This ended with the Egyptian revolution of 1952. The last member of the family who ruled was King Farouk I.
The Irish Parliament () was a legislature created in 1297 to represent the Anglo-Irish in the English monarch's Lordship of Ireland. Like the Parliament of England, it had its own Houses of Commons and House of Lords. When King Henry VIII of England elevated Ireland to a kingdom in 1541 through an act of the Irish Parliament, he invited the Gaelic Irish to sit in the England Parliament for the first time. However, later English monarchs' penal laws prevented Roman Catholics from entering Parliament. So, the native Irish after this were virtually unrepresented since they were almost all Catholic. The Irish Parliament's power was restricted by "Poynings law". Poynings Law was a bill sponsored by English Lord Deputy of Ireland Sir Edward Poynings in 1494. In 1782, the bill was repealed and the kingdom of Ireland had brief period of legislative autonomy. But in 1800 it passed a law called the Act of Union to abolish itself and the kingdom of Ireland, and incorporate Ireland into the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. After that, the island was represented in the Parliament of the United Kingdom in the Palace of Westminster.
Connie Francis is an American pop singer. She is well known for her trademark sobbing styles. She was popular during the 1950s and 1960s and was at the top of the "Billboard" Hot 100 musical charts many times. Personal life. Connie Francis was born on December 12th 1937 to Ida and George Franconero. For the first few years of her life she lived in a Brooklyn neighbourhood on Utica Avenue/St. Marks Avenue until her family packed up and moved to New Jersey. She spent her teens years in an Italian/Jewish Neighbourhood; due to this, she became fluent in Yiddish and later went on to record multiple songs in Yiddish and Hebrew. Career. Francis recalls her father being a very supportive and encouraging her to regularly attend talent shows, pageants, etc. since the age of four as a singer and accordion player. She attended Newark Art School in 1951-’52 until her family moved to Belleville, where she graduated as Salutatorian from Belleville High School in the Class of 1955. During this time she continued her passion for performing and appeared at many neighbourhood talent shows (some of which were televised). Under the name Connie Franconero she appeared on NBCs variety show Startime Kids between 1953 and 1955. During rehearsals for her appearance on Arthur Godfreys Talent Scouts, she was advised to change her name (for the sake of easier pronunciation) and drop the accordion, advice she gladly took as she had begun to despise the bulky instrument. She was also a singer on demo records around this time, she would record songs and companies or established singers would subsequently choose whether or not to buy the rights to the song and record it professionally.  In 1955 (the same year the Startime Kids went off the air), George Franconero Sr. and Francis' manager George Scheck raised money for a recording session in an attempt to get four songs sold to a major company under Francis’ name, however they were declined as she had not yet developed her own distinctive sound.  When MGM Records finally signed her, it was only because of one song
The Lamborghini Reventón is a supercar. Lamborghini built it in 2007. The Reventón is based on the Murciélago. The styling of the Reventón was based on the F-22 Raptor. Only 20 Reventóns were built. History. Lamborghini first showed the Reventón to the publics at the 12,908 Frankfurt Auto Show. Like many others Lamborghinis, the Reventón was named after a fighting bull. The Reventón was based on the Lamborghini Murciélago, and used the same engine as the Murciélago LP640. Engine and transmission. The Reventón uses the same Lamborghini V12 engine as the Murciélago LP640. The Reventón’s engine is also paired to the same six-speed automated manual transmission as the Murciélago LP640. The Reventón, like the Murciélago, sends its power to all four wheels through an all-wheel drive system. Performance. The Reventón’s engine makes at 8,000 rpm. It also makes of torque at 6,000 rpm. The Reventón can accelerate from from 0- in 3.4 seconds. It can also reach a top speed of . Reventón Roadster. Lamborghini first showed the Reventón Roadster at the 2009 Frankfurt Motor Show. The Roadster was a convertible version of the Reventón. Lamborghini built 15 Reventón Roadsters. The Reventón Roadster used the engine from the Murciélago LP 670–4 SV. This engine had 30 more horsepower than the standard Reventón. The Reventón Roadster has a lower top speed than the Reventón. The Roadster’s top speed is . The Roadster’s 0- time is 3.45 seconds, which is the same as the standard Reventón.
The Church of Ireland () is the Anglican church in Ireland. It is an independent member of the Anglican communion. During the kingdom of Ireland it was the state religion. It continued to be during the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, when it became part of the Church of England. It was disestablished and separated from the Church of England in 1871 by the British Parliament. The seat of the Church of Ireland is at Saint Patrick's Cathedral in Armagh. Today the Church has roughly 390,000 members throughout Ireland, which makes it the second largest religious community in Ireland (after the Catholic Church) and the third largest in Northern Ireland (after the Catholic Church and the Presbyterian Church in Ireland).
International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families is a treaty of the United Nations for the rights of all migrant workers. It also protects their families. It was adopted in 18 December 1990. It went into force in 2003. This Convention is made as a series of the international human rights law and at the "Preamble" of the Convention, they recall the conventions of the International Labour Organization about migrant workers and unfree labour. The aid of the Convention is to protect the rights of migrant workers who have not the nationality of the staying country, thus who can often be under the worse working condition or even the victims of human trafficking.  But as of December 2024, only 60 countries have ratified, that is admitted formally the Convention. Most of those countries are in North Africa and South America. No migrant-receiving State in Western Europe or North America has ratified the Convention. Other important receiving countries, such as Australia, Arab states of the Persian Gulf, India and South Africa have not ratified the Convention either. But this Convention is recalled by the Preamble of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.
Pope Benedict XI (; 1240–7 July 1304), born Nicholas Boccasini, was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church and the 195th Pope from 1303 to 1304. Early life. Boccasini was born in Treviso. Dominican monk. In 1254, Boccasini became a Dominican friar at the age of 14. He rose in the ranks of the Order; and was elected General or Master of the Order of Preachers in 1296. Cardinal. Pope Boniface VIII raised Boccasini to the rank of cardinal. In 1298, he was named Cardinal of Santa Sabina. In 1300, Cardinal Boccasini was named Bishop of Ostia and Velletri. In 1302, he was the diplomatic representative of Boniface VIII in Hungary. Pope. Cardinal Boccasini was elected pope on October 22, 1303; and he chose to be called Benedict XI. He was pope for only eight months. Benedict was a supporter of the Ultamontane policies of Pope Boniface VIII. In a conciliatory gesture, Benedict released the King of France from excommunication. Pope Benedict died suddenly at Perugiain July 1304. Beatification. Benedict XI was beatified in 1773. Select works. Benedict XI was the author of a volume of sermons and commentaries on the Gospel of Matthew, on the Psalms, the Book of Job, and John's Apocalypse".
The Bell Centre () is a sports arena in Montreal, Quebec. The arena opened on March 16, 1996, and is the current home to the Montreal Canadiens of the National Hockey League (NHL). The arena was originally known as Molson Centre () from 1996 to 2002. Bell Canada currently has naming rights for the arena. The arena has also held several WWE events, which includes the Survivor Series in 1997, where the infamous Montreal Screwjob between Bret Hart, Vince McMahon and Shawn Michaels took place, as well as other pay-per-views including No Way Out in 2003 and Breaking Point. All Elite Wrestling (AEW) have also hosted episodes of their weekly television shows "Dynamite", "Rampage", "Collision" on December 5 and 6, 2023.
"Santa Claus is Coming to Town" is a Christmas themed song. It was first written and recorded in 1934. The song was adapted to a television special around 1970. It has been recorded by multiple singers, including though not limited to Bruce Springsteen, Chicago, Dolly Parton, The Jackson 5, The Crystals, Mariah Carey, Michael Bublé and Beach Boys since it was introduced.
America's Most Wanted is an American television program about wanted criminals that airs on Lifetime. The program is about catching people wanted for catching serious crimes. It aired on Fox from its debut until Fox canceled it on June 18, 2011. Six months later, Lifetime brought the show back. The creator and host is John Walsh. On May 2, 2008, the program's website said it made its 1,000th capture.
Kiva Microfunds (commonly known by its domain name, Kiva.org) was founded as a non-profit organization in October in 2005 by Matt Flannery and Jessica Jackley, an American couple interested in microfinance. The project began in April 2004 when Jessica Jackley came back from East Africa where she had worked as a consultant for the non-profit Village Enterprise Fund. After, they began developing their plan for a microfinance project that became Kiva. Kiva means “unity” in Swahili.  In January 2006, Premal Shah became Kiva’s president. More and more countries were included in Kiva’s projects like Mongolia, Liberia and Columbia in 2009. On top of that, since its creation, the organization has won a lot of prizes, for example the World Summit Award for “e-Business” in 2007 and the Webby People’s Choice Award for Charitable Organizations in 2008. Kiva has become more and more popular. It belongs to the “50 best websites 2008” according to TIME magazine. President Clinton’s book "Giving" names Kiva "a way to give back". In October 2010, Kiva celebrated its fifth birthday. In five years it has given 100 million loans. How it works. Kiva follows the rules of microcredit. Small, interest-free loans to people in difficulties or who cannot access a regular bank loan. The following points represent the different steps of the Kiva system. To simplify all the transfers of money, there is a Kiva account which allows you to have a Kiva credit. When you are repaid, the money is available on this account, and you can loan it again. So, if you loan 25$, when you have been repaid you can lend it again, and actually, you have given 50$! Kiva has achieved a total value of all loans at present of 251 142 725 $ Kiva's home base. In July 2007, the Kiva headquarters moved to their current address at 3180 18th Street, San Francisco. Kiva's team. Kiva's team is composed
A decompression chamber is a large container that divers can enter after they have surfaced to help their bodies return to normal atmospheric pressure. It is also called a "recompression chamber" or "hyperbaric oxygen therapy chamber". When a diver returns to the surface too quickly, he can suffer from decompression sickness (also know as "the bends".) To prevent this divers would stop at various points as they returned toward the surface to allow their bodies to adjust to the pressure change. If a driver uses a chamber, the diver will adjust in the chamber rather than stop at various depths underwater. This eliminates many of the risks of long decompressions underwater, in cold or dangerous conditions.
Willard Sterling Boyle, CC (August 19, 1924– May 7, 2011) was a Canadian physicist and co-inventor of the charge-coupled device. On October 6, 2009, he won the 2009 Nobel Prize in Physics for "the invention of an imaging semiconductor circuit—the CCD sensor". Life. Born in Amherst, Nova Scotia, he was the son of a medical doctor and moved to Quebec with his father and mother Beatrice when he was three. He was home schooled by his mother until age fourteen, when he attended Montreal's Lower Canada College to complete his secondary education. Boyle attended McGill University, but his education was interrupted in 1943, when he joined the Royal Canadian Navy during World War II. He was loaned to the Britain's Royal Navy, where he was learning how to land Spitfires on aircraft carriers as the war ended. He gained a Bachelor of Science (1947), Master of Science (1948) and PhD (1950) from McGill University. Career. After receiving his doctorate, Boyle spent one year at Canada's Radiation Laboratory and two years teaching physics at the Royal Military College of Canada. In 1953 Boyle joined Bell Labs a part of Bellcomm, where he invented the first continuously operating ruby laser with Don Nelson in 1962. He also helped invent a semiconductor injection laser. He became director of Space Science and Exploratory Studies at the Bell Labs in 1962. They provided support for the Apollo space program and helped to select Moon landing sites. He returned to Bell Labs in 1964, working on the development of integrated circuits. In 1969, Boyle and George E. Smith invented the charge-coupled device (CCD). Before CCDs were used in cameras, all cameras used chemicals to capture photographic images. CCDs made electronic photography possible. Boyle and Smith jointly received the Franklin Institute's Stuart Ballantine Medal in 1973, the 1974 IEEE Morris N. Liebmann Memorial Award, the 2006 Charles Stark Draper Prize, and the 2009 Nobel Prize in Physics for inventing the CCD. NASA used the CCD to send
Baku Metro (), is an electrified metro railway system which is a part of the public transportation system of Baku, the capital of Azerbaijan. It was opened on 6 November 1967. At that time, Azerbaijan was part of the Soviet Union until the end of the Soviet Union in 1991. The Baku Metro has the features found in most other ex-Soviet metro systems. These include very deep metro stations, and detailed decorations that blend traditional Azerbaijani national designs with Soviet ideology. The metro system has three lines and has 40.3 kilometers of double railway tracks with 27 stations, which, apart from two stations, are underground. It is run by the "Bakı Metropoliteni". In 2015, it carried 222.0 million passengers, which means an average ridership of approximately 608,200 passengers each day. Expansion plans. At present, there are several projects, only two of which are under construction. In 2011, the Chief Executive of the Baku Metro, Taghi Ahmadov, announced plans to construct 70 new stations by 2040. These will serve the new bus complex as well as Heydar Aliyev International Airport.
Dennis MacAlistair Ritchie (September 9, 1941October 12, 2011), was an American computer scientist who "helped shape the digital era." He created the C programming language and, with long-time colleague Ken Thompson, the UNIX operating system. Ritchie and Thompson received the Turing Award from the ACM in 1983, the Hamming Medal from the IEEE in 1990 and the National Medal of Technology from President Clinton in 1999. Ritchie was the head of Lucent Technologies System Software Research Department when he retired in 2007. He was the 'R' in K&amp;R C.
Mayim Bialik (born December 12, 1975 in San Diego) is an American actress and neuroscientist. Her most notable television series are NBC's "Blossom" and CBS' "The Big Bang Theory". In "Blossom", Bialik played a teenage girl living with her father. In "The Big Bang Theory", she plays Amy Farrah Fowler. Bialik has also acted in a number of movies, including "Beaches" in 1988. many voices of TV shows include, The Powerpuff Girls in Season 9, Recess, Johnny Bravo, Nutri Ventures, Jonny Quest, Star Vs. The Forces of Evil, Lloyd In Space, etc. In 2021, she was a guest host on "Jeopardy!" after the death of Alex Trebek. After Mike Richards resigned as host, Bialik split hosting duties with Ken Jennings for the remainder of the 2021-22 season. Bialik and Jennings were both named permanent Jeopardy! hosts in 2022. However, Bialik was let go in 2023 while Jennings became the sole host. Personal life. Bialik is Jewish. She married Michael Stone on August 31, 2003. The couple have two sons, and divorced in May 2013. Education. Bialik obtained a PhD in neuroscience from UCLA.
Blossom was an American television situation comedy that aired on NBC from January 1991 to May 1995. The main stars were Mayim Bialik and Joey Lawrence. Bialik played Blossom Russo, a teenage girl living with her father and two brothers after her mother left to pursue her own career. Townsville Professor Utonium Sedusa Mojo Jojo Blossom Bubbles Buttercup
Mia Farrow (born Maria de Lourdes Villiers Farrow; February 9, 1945) is an American singer, actress and humanitarian worker. She has won many awards, including a Golden Globe. She has been in almost 50 movies. Farrow is also known for her extensive humanitarian work. "Time" magazine named Farrow one of the most influential people in the world. She gained further recognition for her subsequent short-lived marriage to Frank Sinatra. She later married André Previn after she became pregnant with his child. She has dated Woody Allen. Career. Farrow's first main role in a movie was as Rosemary Woodhouse in "Rosemary's Baby" and starred in the television series "Peyton Place". It was released in 1968. She won several awards for it. She became the first American actress to join the Royal Shakespeare Company. In the 1980s and early 1990s Farrow acted in nearly all of the movies released by her boyfriend Woody Allen. She last acted in the 2011 movie "Dark Horse". Personal life. Farrow married singer Frank Sinatra on July 19, 1966. He divorced Farrow in 1969.  In 1980 Farrow started dating Woody Allen. In 1992 Farrow found naked pictures of her adopted daughter Soon-Yi Previn in Allen's house. Farrow and Allen broke up after this. Children. She has thirteen living children and nine grandchildren. Two of her daughters have died. Farrow has seven adopted children. In 2014, Dylan Farrow wrote an open letter in the "New York Times", saying that her adoptive father Woody Allen had sexually abused her when she was a child. Allen wrote a response in which he quoted Moses Farrow, “My mother drummed it into me to hate my father for tearing apart the family and sexually molesting my sister."
Sir Roger Casement (1 September 1864 – 3 August 1916) was an Irish nationalist and British diplomat. He served as British consul in Boma, the capital of the Congo Free State and reported human rights abuses there. He helped a campaign against King Léopold II of Belgium's rule in the Congo Free State which lead him to relinquish his African kingdom to the Belgian Parliament in 1908. He was an Irish revolutionary. After participating in the 1916 rising, he was executed for treason by hanging by the British. His role in the rising was in the importation of guns, he was arrested in Tralee, County Kerry.  At his trial he was outed as gay, this was discovered through his diary.