ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
The Great Library of Alexandria was a large and significant library of the ancient world. It was founded in Alexandria, Egypt. The Library flourished under the patronage of the Ptolemaic dynasty and functioned as a major center of scholarship. It was built in the third century BC. In ancient Latin, the library was known as the ("see image at right"). The Greek term "bibliotheke" ("βιβλιοθήκη"), used by many historians of the era, refers to the collection of books, not to any building. This complicates the history and chronology.  The library was conceived and opened either during the reign of Ptolemy I Soter or during the reign of his son Ptolemy II.  Its destruction. Plutarch (AD 46–120) wrote that during his visit to Alexandria in 48 BC, Julius Caesar might have accidentally burned the library when he set fire to his own ships to frustrate Achillas' attempt to limit his ability to communicate by sea. According to Plutarch's account, this fire spread to the docks and then to the library. However, this version of events is not confirmed in contemporary accounts of Caesar's visit. In fact, it has been reasonably established that segments of its collection were partially destroyed on several occasions before and after the first century BC. A modern view attributes the destruction to Coptic Christian Archbishop Theophilus of Alexandria in 391, who called for the destruction of the Serapeum -- the Daughter library and a temple to the god Serapis. The Library as a research institution. According to the earliest source of information, the library was initially organized by Demetrius of Phaleron, a student of Aristotle, under the reign of Ptolemy I Soter (ca.367 BC—ca.283 BC). The library comprised a "peripatos" (walk), gardens, a room for shared dining, a reading room, lecture halls and meeting rooms. However, the exact layout is not known. This model's influence may still be seen today in the layout of university campuses. The library itself is known to have had an acquisitions department (possibly built near
The International Auxiliary Language Association (IALA) was founded in 1924 to promote widespread study, discussion and publicity in the establishment of an international auxiliary language, together with research and experiment. Although it was created to determine which auxiliary language was best suited for international communication, it eventually determined that none of them was up to the task and developed its own language, Interlingua. The IALA continued to publish materials in and about Interlingua until 1954.
A JavaScript engine is a program that runs JavaScript code. Web Browsers often have a JavaScript engine. It can also be used outside of web browsers, such as running services in Node.js or apps in the electron framework. Design. JavaScript was originally created as a scripting language to allow web pages to have changing, or dynamic, elements. Early Javascript engines were created as interpreters, programs that simply read the script and execute the instructions without analyzing it any more. As JavaScript started being used more an more as a general-purpose language, execution speed, or how quickly the code is run, became more important for JavaScript engines. In response, many engines, such as V8 (Used in Chrome and Chromium) and SpiderMonkey (used in Firefox), started using Just-In-Time Compilation. In this method, it starts by compiling all of the code to optimized machine code, which is typically faster than interpretation, then running the result.
Oxford spelling is the spelling found in the Oxford English Dictionary. One example would be "colour" instead of "color".  More exactly, Oxford spelling is the headwords used in their dictionaries. In the full entries other variations are listed. Most people in Britain use spellings like "organise" and "realise", but Oxford spelling uses "organize" and "realize". Those alternatives are both correct in British English.
Chanelle Hayes (born 11 November 1987) is a British television personality and pop singer. She was born in Styal prison, Cheshire. She was adopted and raised in Wakefield, West Yorkshire. She has been active since 2007 when she left voluntarily left the Big Brother house in week 9. She has had a single entitled "I Want It" charted at number 63 in the UK, number 33 in Republic of Ireland, number 7 in Turkey and number 5 in Russia. Hayes has modelled many times for Diva Corsets. She regularly appears in the media promoting the Michelle for George lingerie line. After leaving the big brother house, Hayes has been in numerous Lad's mags, such as nuts magazine and zoo magazine as a glamour model. In October 2011, Hayes appeared fully topless for the first time in Zoo magazine. Personal life. Hayes dated Middlesbrough football player Matthew Bates for several months in 2009. On 6 August 2009, Hayes was rushed to hospital after trying suicide by taking an overdose of paracetamol and red wine. On 20 January 2010, it was reported that she was expecting her first child with Bates, a boy. She gave birth to her son Blakely Hayes-Bates on 20 July 2010. Hayes started dating Jack Tweed at the beginning of April 2010. She said they split on 1 July 2010.
Daniel Ken "Dan" Inouye (September 7, 1924 – December 17, 2012) was an American politician and United States Senator from Hawaii. He was known for receiving the Medal of Honor because of his actions in World War II. Early life. Inouye was born in 1924 in the Territory of Hawaii. He was the son of a father who was born in Japan and a mother whose parents were born in Japan. He was a "Nisei", which means that he was a second generation Japanese-American. Soldier. Inouye was an officer in World War II. He volunteered to be part of the all-"Nisei" 442nd Regimental Combat Team. This army unit was mostly made up of second-generation Japanese Americans from Hawaii and the mainland. He was wounded several times at Colle Musatello (a battle in Italy), and lost an arm. He remained in the military until 1947. At the time he left the Army, he was a recipient of the Bronze Star Medal and the Purple Heart. For his actions in April 1945, Inouye was awarded the Army's second-highest decoration, the Distinguished Service Cross (DSC). In the 1990s, there was a review of service records of Asian Americans who received the DSC during World War II. Inouye's award was upgraded to the Medal of Honor. In a ceremony at the White House on June 21, 2000, he was presented with his medal by President Bill Clinton. Twenty-one other Asian Americans also received the medal during the ceremony, but only seven of them were still alive. Medal of Honor citation. Inouye's Medal of Honor recognized his conduct in frontline fighting at San Terenzo, Italy in April 1945. Without help from others, he destroyed two machine gun nests; and he continued to fight and lead his platoon after being wounded. The words of Inouye's citation explain: Second Lieutenant Daniel K. Inouye distinguished himself by extraordinary heroism in action on 21 April 1945, in the vicinity of San Terenzo, Italy. While attacking a defended ridge guarding an
Emil Gustav Emile Friedrich Martin Niemöller (14 January 1892 – 6 March 1984) was an Evangelical German pastor who opposed the Nazis. At first he supported Hitler, but when Nazis tried to control the churches he helped to form the Confessing Church, an association of anti-Nazi churches. Because of his beliefs, he was imprisoned in concentration camps, and almost got executed. Niemöller is best known because he wrote the poem "First they came...". He was born in Lippstadt. He died in Wiesbaden, aged 92.
The poem First they came... was written by Martin Niemöller. It is a criticism of the way people in Nazi Germany did not stop the Nazi Party from treating other people poorly. The poem is as follows: First they came for the Communists,  and I didn’t speak up,  because I wasn’t a Communist. Then they came for the Jews,  and I didn’t speak up,  because I wasn’t a Jew. Then they came for the Catholics,  and I didn’t speak up,  because I was a Protestant. Then they came for me,  and by that time there was no one  left to speak up for me.
ARP Spoofing is a method someone (such as a hacker) could use to redirect internet traffic from a computer through the hacker's computer and then to the internet. This allows the hacker to then read all traffic sent from or to the first computer. This will reveal passwords, credit card numbers, and other private information. A symptom of this sort of attack is a window when browsing to a secure site that says something along the lines of "This website's authentication check has failed". This means that the hacker has forged a secure connection that cannot be verified. So, the warning is presented.
Hatshepsut (1507–1458 BC), meaning "Foremost of Noble Ladies", was the fifth Pharaoh of the 18th dynasty of Ancient Egypt. Hatshepsut reigned longer than any other woman of an indigenous Egyptian dynasty.  Her father was Thutmose I. Her predecessor was Thutmose II (her brother and husband). Her successor was Thutmose III, her nephew, the son of Thutmose II by a lesser wife. Thutmose III was co-regent with his stepmother, and was head of the army, but Hatshepsut was the effective ruler, and the named Pharaoh. Today it is generally recognized that Hatshepsut assumed the position of Pharaoh. The length of her reign usually is given as twenty-two years. The third-century B.C. historian, Manetho, gave that figure of twenty-one years and nine months, and he had access to many records that now are lost. She died in 1458 BC, which means that she became pharaoh in about 1479 BC. Major accomplishments. Hatshepsut established the trade networks that had been disrupted during the Hyksos occupation of Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period. Many Egyptologists have claimed that her foreign policy was mainly peaceful. However, there is evidence that Hatshepsut led successful military campaigns in Nubia, the Levant, and Syria early in her career. The conquered lands being taxed and looted made egypt rich. Building projects. Hatshepsut was one of the most prolific builders in ancient Egypt. She commissioned hundreds of construction projects throughout both Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt, that were grander and more numerous than those of any of her Middle Kingdom predecessors. Later pharaohs attempted to claim some of her projects as theirs. She employed the great architect Ineni. He also had worked for her father, her husband, and for the royal vizier Senemut. During her reign, so much statuary was produced that almost every major museum in the world has Hatshepsut statuary among their collections. For example, the Hatshepsut Room in New York City's Metropolitan Museum of Art is made up
Slime moulds, or slime molds, are forms of life which live on the rainforest floor, and many other parts of the world. They slither over ground and fallen tree trunks in search of food. They scatter spores, like plants, which grow into new slime moulds. They are a way of life, or life-form, which has evolved a number of times. Because they are not a monophyletic group, they are put into several different phyla. They have some features of fungi and some features of protozoa. This was discussed by Anton de Bary in 1858. They spend part of their lives as isolated cells, but come together when a chemical signal is released. Then together, they form a multicellular organism which reproduces and makes spores. So they are both single-celled and multicellular. That is not all: the multicellular form loses its cell walls, and becomes a syncytium. This is an organism with many nuclei, but few or no cell walls. The single cells are amoeboid (amoeba-like) and haploid (one set of chromosomes, like our gametes). The multi-nuclear stage is called a "plasmodium". It is diploid, formed from fusions between pairs of amoeboid cells. It gains nutrition by phagocytosing bacteria and food particles. As the food supply fades, the plasmodium makes haploid cells by meiosis, and they form the basis of spores. The spores are kept and then distributed from a structure like a sporangium. This life-cycle is typical of the main group called Mycetozoa. Taxonomy. Modern molecular biology has shown by sequence analysis that slime moulds are not a monophyletic group. They were once regarded as fungi, but now they are split into three different groups, and none of them are fungi. They are a form taxon, put together because they share some characteristics. Relationships between the groups are not yet understood. Bikont. Bikonts are eukaryote cells with two flagellae. There are three groups, which have evolved slime mould form independently. Opisth
The chevrotain, also known as mouse deer, is a small even-toed ungulate that make up the family Tragulidae Mouse deer live in Asia. They are about the size of a hare, with short, thin legs. They stamp their small feet to signal to each other. Mouse deer are extremely nervous. When they are surprised, they freeze immediately, and then run away in a zig-zag through the forest.
Crab spiders are the "Thomisidae" family of spiders. The group has 170 genera with over 2000 species. They have two front pairs of legs angled outward and bodies that are flattened and often angular. Also, like crabs, Thomisidae spiders can move sideways or backwards.  Crab spiders are hunters and ambushers. Some species sit on or among flowers, bark, fruit or leaves where they grab visiting insects. Crab spiders use their powerful front legs to grab and hold onto prey while paralyzing it with a venomous bite. They are camouflaged: several different types are known. Even at a close range, it is difficult to see the spider. Some species are disguised as birds' droppings resting on a leaf. Crab spiders live in rainforests all over the world. They get their name from the way they scuttle around like small crabs.
Julia Eileen Gillard (born 29 September 1961) is an Australian politician who was the 27th Prime Minister of Australia. She became the first female Prime Minister of Australia. She was also Australia's first unmarried prime minister. Gillard was the first prime minister not born in Australia since Billy Hughes, who served from 1915 to 1923. Gillard became the leader of the Australian Labor Party on 24 June 2010 when Kevin Rudd resigned. She had been Deputy Prime Minister under Kevin Rudd. On 11 December 2007, Rudd went to the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Bali. Gillard became the first woman in Australia's history to take on the prime-ministerial role as the acting prime minister. Gillard was elected to the House of Representatives in 1988. She represented the Division of Lalor, in western suburbs of Melbourne. Early life. Gillard was born in 1961 in Barry, Vale of Glamorgan, Wales. She had bronchopneumonia as a child, and her parents thought it would be better in a warmer country. The family came to Australia in 1966, settling in Adelaide. She became an Australian citizen in 1974., Gillard's father was a psychiatric nurse, and her mother worked in a Salvation Army nursing home. She and her sister went to Mitcham Demonstration School, and Julia went on to attend Unley High School. She studied at the University of Adelaide but cut short her courses in 1982 and moved to Melbourne to work with the Australian Union of Students. She graduated from the University of Melbourne with Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws degrees in 1986. In 1987, Gillard joined the law firm Slater &amp; Gordon at Werribee, Melbourne, working in industrial law. In 1990 at the age of 29, she became one of their first female partners. Politics. At the University of Adelaide, she joined the Labor Club and became involved in a campaign to fight state education budget cuts. Moving to Melbourne in 1983, Gillard became the second woman to lead the Australian Union of Students. Gillard was also the secretary of the
The Political Cesspool is a far-right, white supremacist weekly talk radio show syndicated by Liberty News Radio Network, and Accent Radio Network. First broadcast in 2004 twice a week from radio station WMQM, it is currently broadcast from Millington, Tennessee, from radio station WLRM on Saturday nights. According to its statement of principles, the program stands for "The Dispossessed Majority", represents "a philosophy that is pro-White", and is "against political centralization." It has attracted criticism from "The Nation", "The New Republic", the Stephen Roth Institute, the Southern Poverty Law Center, and the Anti-Defamation League for promoting anti-Jewish and racist views. The show features founder and main host James Edwards, co-hosts Bill Rolen, Winston Smith, Keith Alexander, and Eddie Miller, and producer Art Frith; former staffers include Co-founder Austin Farley. Its guests have included author Jerome Corsi, Minuteman Project leader Jim Gilchrist, former Constitution Party presidential candidate Michael Peroutka, actor Sonny Landham, British National Party leader Nick Griffin, Vermont secessionist Thomas Naylor, and paleoconservative activist Pat Buchanan. It is carried by at least three licensed radio stations in the United States, in addition to one unlicensed Part 15 station and the satellite Galaxy 19. Foundation and history. James Edwards and Austin Farley established "The Political Cesspool" on October 26, 2004, as a paleoconservative alternative to GOP radio shows such as the Sean Hannity Show; in Farley's words, the show focused on efforts "to preserve our Southern heritage and its symbols," while James Edwards described the show as "politically incorrect". It was initially broadcast on AM 1600 WMQM, a Memphis-based radio station, on Tuesdays and Thursdays. Edwards and Farley invited friends Bill Rolen, who is a board member of the Council of Conservative Citizens, and Jess Bonds as guest hosts, as well as radio expert Art Frith. Before, Frith had worked for a number of other radio stations including American Forces Radio and Television Service (AFRTS) (in Keflavik, Iceland;
Adolfo Bresciano (August 6, 1948 – March 10, 1993) was an Italian-born Canadian professional wrestler. He was better known by his ring name Dino Bravo. He was self-proclaimed as "Canada's Strongest Man" and later the "World's Strongest Man". Bravo is best known for his time wrestling in World Wrestling Federation (WWF). During his time there, Bravo was a one-time WWWF World Tag Team Champion with Dominic DeNucci and was the only wrestler to ever hold the short-lived WWF Canadian Champion. On March 10, 1993, Bravo was found dead in his apartment by his wife. Bravo was hit by 17 bullets, 7 to the head and 10 to the torso, while he was watching ice hockey in his Vimont, Laval, Quebec home. He had an alleged role in illegal cigarette smuggling in Canada which is what is popularly believed to have led to his unsolved murder.
Katherine Marie Weatherston (born April 6, 1983) is a Canadian women's ice hockey player. Playing career. Born in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Weatherston played for Dartmouth College in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) from 2002 to 2007. She began playing international hockey for Canada at the 2004 Four Nations Cup. She played for Canada at the 2006 Winter Olympics, held in Torino, Italy. She played part of the 2007–08 season for the Ottawa Senators (CWHL) in the Canadian Women's Hockey League (CWHL), but finished the season skating for the Montréal Stars. Personal. Her parents' names are David and Anna, and she has two brothers. While at Dartmouth, she majored in psychology.
The Council of Constance was a council in the 15th century. It was held between 1414 and 1418. It took place in Constance (today known as Konstanz) in Switzerland.  The result of this ecumenical council by the Roman Catholic Church was a new Pope. His name was Pope Martin V.
In mathematics, a Pythagorean triple is a set of three positive integers which satisfy the equation (make the equation work): formula_1 This equation is known as the Diophantine equation, and is related to Pythagoras' theorem. The lowest Pythagorean triple is [3, 4, 5] because: formula_2  So, formula_3 The next highest triple is [5, 12, 13] then [7, 24, 25], and so on. There is an infinite number of Pythagorean triples. A Pythagorean triple always consists of:  • all even numbers, or • two odd numbers and an even number. A Pythagorean triple can never be made up of all odd numbers or two even numbers and one odd number.
"Summer of 4 Ft. 2" is the last episode of the 7th season of "The Simpsons". It was first shown on television on May 19, 1996. In this episode, Ned Flanders has to do jury duty, and therefore can't go to his beach house. He allows the Simpsons to use it for 2 weeks. Lisa, realizing that she is unpopular in Springfield, decides to try to make friends in this new place. After getting a new wardrobe, she meets some new kids and befriends them by not being herself. Bart, jealous of Lisa's new popularity, shows her new friends that Lisa is not cool. Lisa is very angry at Bart, but gets happier when her friends accept her for who she is.
"Homerpalooza" is the 24th episode of the 7th season of "The Simpsons". It was first shown on television on May 19, 1996. In this episode, Otto, the school bus driver, accidentally crashes the bus. Homer starts driving a carpool for the school kids. After Bart complains about his music tastes and a disappointing trip to the music store, Homer decides to try to become more in touch with music by taking the kids to Hullapaloosa. After getting hit by an inflatable pig, Homer is recruited in the freak show to get blasted by cannonballs. After touring for a while successfully, Homer feels sick right before a performance for Springfield. He finds out that he could die if he gets hit by one more cannonball. Homer, determined to perform, decides to do it anyway. However, right before the cannonball hits him, he jumps out of the way. He is booed by the crowd, but his family is happy.
Christian Wilhelm Walter Wulff (born 19 June 1959) is a German politician and lawyer. He is member of the conservative Christian Democratic Union. He was elected to be the President of Germany on 30 June 2010. Wulff was sworn in two days after the election on 2 July 2010. He served as Minister-President of the state of Lower Saxony from 2003 to 2010. On 17 February 2012, Wulff announced his resignation of the position as President of Germany. Early life and education. Wulff was born in Osnabrück and is Roman Catholic. His father left the family, and he grew up with his mother. As a teenager, he had to take responsibility for the care of his younger sister, after his mother developed multiple sclerosis. After completing his Abitur at the Gymnasium in Osnabrück, Wulff went to study law. He specialised in economic law at the University of Osnabrück. In 1987 and 1990, he passed the first and second state examinations in law. He started to work as a lawyer. Political career. Since 1975, Wulff has been a member of the CDU. From 1978 to 1980, he served as federal chairman of the "Schülerunion". This was a political high school student organization connected to the Christian Democrats. He became the regional chairman of the "Junge Union" in Lower Saxony in 1983. In 1986, he was elected a city councillor in his hometown. Since 1984, he has sat on the CDU's regional party council of Lower Saxony, serving as its chairman since 1994. The Christian Democrats made Wulff candidate for state Prime Minister in 1994. However, the popular office holder Gerhard Schröder won. After four years in opposition, the election in 1998 brought another opportunity for Wulff to become Prime Minister. Indeed, the federal Christian Democrat party, led by Chancellor Helmut Kohl, made Wulff another time the candidate. Wulff has been one of the four deputy chairmen