ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Brine shrimp are small shrimp that live in salt water. They are the Artemia, a genus of aquatic crustacea which has changed little (externally) since the Triassic period. They can often be found in saltwater ponds and marshes, and cannot live very long in fresh water. "Artemia" avoid most types of predators, such as fish, because they live in waters of very high salinity: (25 parts per thousand). The optimum for "Artemia" is 100 to 150 parts per thousand. The shrimp grow to be about one centimeter long. Females tend to be larger than males. Brine shrimp circulatory and respiratory systems work together to remove extra salt from their body and distribute oxygen. They breathe through gills on their feet. The oxygen taken in is carried through the bloodstream. The heart pumps the blood around the body. Brine shrimp have a protein called hemoglobin in their blood. This helps the oxygen to be more efficiently transported to cells around the body. They need hemoglobin because oxygen levels can be very low in salty water. Then, the gills pump the excess salt, water, and carbon dioxide out of the body. Additional salt is pumped out through exocrine glands. The brine shrimp's body has a head, thorax, and abdomen. A hard exoskeleton covers the entire body. Inside this exoskeleton, which is made of chitin, is where the brine shrimp’s muscles are located. Their muscles are attached internally. They move by beating their tails and by the continuous movement of the legs along their body. Reproduction. Males differ from females by having the second antennae enlarged, and modified into clasping organs used in mating. Adult female brine shrimp ovulate about every 140 hours. In favourable conditions, the female brine shrimp can produce eggs that almost immediately hatch. But in extreme conditions, such as low oxygen level or salinity above 150‰, female brine shrimp produce eggs inside cysts. They are metabolically inactive and can remain in total stasis for two years in dry oxygen-free conditions, even at temperatures below freezing. While in cysts, brine shrimp eggs survive
Thunder Bay is the most populous city in Northwestern Ontario, in Canada. Its population was 107,909 as of the 2016 census. Before, it was two cities called Fort William and Port Arthur. Thunder Bay has the second largest population in Northern Ontario, behind Greater Sudbury. Media. CKPR 580 CJSD 94.3
Pecorino cheese (or simply Pecorino) is the name for a few kinds of Italian cheeses made from sheep milk. The word "pecora", from which the name comes from, means "sheep". Most of these cheeses are aged for some time. They taste rather salty. Types. Pecorino Romano is probably the best known outside Italy, especially in the United States. The cheese has been exported to the United States since the 19th century. Most Pecorino Romano is produced on the island of Sardinia, though its production is also allowed in Lazio and in the Tuscan Province of Grosseto.  Pecorino Sardo also comes from Sardinia. It is milder. Pecorino Toscano is from Tuscany, Pecorino Siciliano (or ' in Sicilian) from Sicily and Pecorino di Filiano from Basilicata. All come in a variety of styles depending on how long they have been matured. The more matured cheeses, referred to as ', are harder and have a stronger flavour. Sometimes, the cheeses are made with spices. In Sardinia, the larvae of the cheese fly are intentionally introduced into "Pecorino Sardo" to produce a local delicacy called "casu marzu". Pecorino Romano is most often used on pasta dishes, like the better-known Parmigiano Reggiano (parmesan). Its distinctive strong, very salty flavour means that it is preferred for some pasta dishes with highly-flavoured sauces, especially those of Roman origin, such as "pasta all'amatriciana".
Martin Pierre Brodeur (born May 6, 1972, in Montreal, Quebec) is a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender. He was formerly a ice hockey goaltender for the New Jersey Devils in the National Hockey League (NHL) and ins currently a current team executive for the New Jersey Devils. During his 21-years with the Devils, he was a three-time Stanley Cup champion and holds more than thirty Devils team records. On June 7, 2014, Brodeur told ESPN that he would test the free agency market for the 2014-15 season.
Miikka Sakari Kiprusoff (pronounced "MEE-kah KIHP-roo-sawf") (born October 26, 1976) is a Finnish retired professional hockey goaltender. He played 11 seasons in the NHL mainly with the Calgary Flames. The Calgary Flames announced on September 9, 2013 that Kiprusoff had retired.
Evgeni Viktorovich Nabokov () (born July 25, 1975 in Ust-Kamenogorsk, U.S.S.R., now Kazakhstan), is a Kazakhstani-Russian professional ice hockey goaltender. He used to play for the San Jose Sharks, New York Islanders, and Tampa Bay Lightning of the National Hockey League. He has also played for Metallurg Magnitogorsk and SKA St. Petersburg in the Russian Superleague and Kontinental Hockey League. Nabokov played from 1991 until 2015. NHL. Nabokov was drafted by the San Jose Sharks with the 219th overall pick in the 1994 NHL Entry Draft. He played 10 seasons with the Sharks and then signed with SKA St. Petersburg in the Kontinental Hockey League in 2010. He only played in Russia for 22 games and went back to the NHL. He was signed by the Detroit Red Wings in January, 2011. He never played a game for the Red Wings and was placed on waivers. He was claimed off waivers by the New York Islanders on January 22, 2011. For three years he played for the Islanders, and then played one year with the Tampa Bay Lightning. He stopped playing hockey in 2015.
Henrik Lundqvist (born 2 March 1982) is an Swedish former professional ice hockey goaltender. He played for a total of 15 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played his entire NHL career for the New York Rangers. He was nicknamed "King Henrik". He also played for Team Sweden and won a gold medal with them at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, as well as a silver medal at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi. Career. On October 9, 2020, Lundqvist signed a one-year, $1.5 million contract with the Washington Capitals. However, he never played a game for them. He had to miss the whole 2020-2021 season because of an irregular heartbeat. In January 2021, Lundqvist announced that he was undergoing open-heart surgery. On December 14, 2021, Lundqvist announced his retirement from playing professional ice hockey. On January 28, 2022, the Rangers retired Lundqvist's jersey number #30.
The Danube Delta is the second largest delta in Europe, after the Volga Delta. It is one of the best preserved deltas on the continent. Most of the Danube Delta can be found in Romania, but the northern part of the delta is in Ukraine. In Ukraine the delta is not preserved as well as it is in Romania. In 1979, the Danube delta became a Biosphere Reserve. The coastal ecosystem is recognized as part of UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme.
The Romanian War of Independence was battled in 1877. It was against the Ottoman Empire. On , Romania and the Russian Empire signed a treaty that allowed Russian troops to pass through Romanian land, so long as the Russians respected the integrity of the Romanians. On , in the Romanian parliament, Mihail Kogălniceanu said that it was the will of the Romanian people to be independent. In the beginning of this war, Russia did not want to help the Romanians with the war. War. The Romanian Army defeated the Turks in all the battles. The battles took place in Grivitsa, Rahova, Vidin and Smârdan.
Dominik Hašek, (born January 29, 1965) is a Czech former professional ice hockey goaltender that played a total of 16 seasons in the National Hockey League. During his playing career he played for the Detroit Red Wings, Chicago Blackhawks, Buffalo Sabres, and the Ottawa Senators. When he was in Buffalo, he became one of the league's best goaltenders. He was nicknamed "The Dominator." His strong play has been said to have establish European goaltenders in a league dominated by North Americans. Hašek was one of the league's most successful goaltenders of the 1990s and early 2000s. From 1993 to 2001, he won six Vezina Trophies, and in 1998 he became the first goaltender to win consecutive Hart Trophies. During the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan, he led the Czech national ice hockey team to its first and only Olympic gold medal. The feat made him a popular figure in his home country and prompted hockey legend Wayne Gretzky to call him "the best player in the game." While with the Red Wings in 2002, Hašek became the first European starting goaltender to win the Stanley Cup. Doing that, he set a record for shutouts in a postseason year. He came in second in votes for the Conn Smythe Trophy for the playoff's Most Valuable Player. Hašek was considered an unorthodox goaltender, with a special style that has labelled him a "flopper." He is best known for his concentration, foot speed, flexibility, and unconventional saves, such as covering the puck with his blocker rather than his trapper. On June 23, 2014, Hašek was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame.
Televangelism is the use of modern mass media such as television or radio to speak of the faith. Usually this is done to convince other people of one's own beliefs. It is common with Christianity but also occurs with other religions. The word is a made up of television and evangelism. The term was started by "Time magazine". Today it is also used for preachers who use modern mass media, such as radio, or the internet to spread the gospel. Please note, that televangelism is different from watching a Christian mass (or other religious programme, for example, the blessings Urbi et Orbi of the Pope) on television, or other media. In Christianity. Televangelists often give speeches, or sermons. There they tell about the good news, and they ask people to do specific things. Most often, they want donations either for their organisation, or for a specific cause. Most televangelists make a connection between wonders or miracles, and the donations of the faithful. What they preach is a form of prosperity theology, and this connection is a defining characteristic. In Christianity, televangelists often have positions that are close to those of the Charismatic Movement, or of Pentecostalism. In Islam. Televangelism also exists in Islam. There, the people are either Salafi Sunni Muslims, or they are Shiites or Alevites. Yusuf al-Qaradawi is a very popular Islamic tellevangelist. Harun Yahya is an Turkish Islamic televangelist who has creationist ideas. Politically, his ideas are close to the Gülen movement. He has a very modern interpretation; in his broadcasts, he also shows women with few clothes, which is unusual for the Islamic world. Criticism. Televangelism has also been critiziced: Conservative Christian theologian John Mc Arthur wrote: „Someone needs to say this plainly: The faith healers and health-and-wealth preachers who dominate religious television are shameless frauds. Their message is not the true Gospel of Jesus Christ. There is nothing spiritual or miraculous about their on-stage chicanery. It is all a devious ruse designed to
Anthony James "Tony O" Esposito (April 23, 1943 – August 10, 2021) was a professional ice hockey goaltender, who played in the National Hockey League. He was most known for playing for the hockey team Chicago Black Hawks. He was considered one of the pioneers of the now popular butterfly style. He was put into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1988. He was born in Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario. Esposito died on August 10, 2021 at the age of 78, from pancreatic cancer.
Regular season. Final standings. "Note: GP = Games played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, Pts = Points, GF = Goals for, GA = Goals against, PIM = Penalties in minutes" &lt;br&gt; "Note: Teams that qualified for the playoffs are highlighted in bold" Scoring leaders. "Note: GP = Games played, G = Goals, A = Assists, PTS = Points, PIM = Penalties in minutes" Stanley Cup playoffs. Finals. Philadelphia Flyers defeated the Boston Bruins 4 games to 2, winning the cup with a Game 6 1–0 victory. In doing so, the Flyers became the first expansion team to win the Cup in the post-Original Six era.
The 2007–08 NHL season was the 91st season of operation (90th season of play) of the National Hockey League (NHL). It began on September 29, 2007. The regular season ended April 6, 2008. The Stanley Cup playoffs ended on June 4. The Minnesota Wild won the Stanley Cup. Regular season. Final standings. "GP = Games Played, W = Wins, L = Losses, OTL = Overtime/Shootout Losses, GF = Goals For, GA = Goals Against, Pts = Points, Rank = Conference rank (division leaders are ranked first to third), Top eight teams in each conference qualified for post-season playoffs." Tiebreaking Procedures. Where two or more clubs are tied in points at the end of the regular season, the standing of the clubs is determined in the following order: Scoring leaders. "GP = Games played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points; +/– = Plus/Minus; PIM = Penalty Minutes" Leading goaltenders. "GP = Games Played; TOI = Time On Ice (minutes); W = Wins; L = Losses; OT = Overtime/Shootout Losses; GA = Goals Against; SO = Shutouts; Sv% = Save Percentage; GAA = Goals Against Average" Stanley Cup playoffs. Playoff seeds. After the 2007–08 NHL regular season, the standard of 16 teams qualified for  the playoffs. NHL awards. NHL All Star Team. First All-Star Team Second All-Star Team
John Henry Newton, Jr. (July 24, 1725 – December 21, 1807) was a slave ship captain who became an Anglican clergyman. He was the author of many hymns, including "Amazing Grace". This hymn talks about the Divine grace which reached out to a "wretch" (evil person) like himself. After he was saved from his sinful life he worked hard to stop the transportation of slaves on English ships. He worked with the member of parliament, William Wilberforce. The slave trade was outlawed in 1807 in England and other countries soon did the same. This law was passed just 9 months before Newton's death.
Ursula Kroeber Le Guin () (October 21, 1929 – January 22, 2018) was an American writer. She wrote books, poetry, children's books, essays, short stories, fantasy and science fiction. She was born and educated in California. She grew up in an academic home. Her parents were an anthropologist and a psychologist. Ideas from these two subjects are important in her writing. Le Guin spent most of her life in Portland, Oregon. She was a very successful author. She won many awards. Other writers thought she was very creative. Le Guin was also very political. She mixed politics in her writing. She supported feminism and freedom. She was very interested in gender and sexuality. She also supported other writers. Life. Early life: California. Ursula K. Le Guin was born Ursula Kroeber in Berkeley, California, on October 21, 1929. Her father, Alfred Louis Kroeber (1876–1960), was an anthropologist at the University of California, Berkeley. Le Guin's mother, Theodora Kroeber (1897–1979; born Theodora Covel Kracaw), had a graduate degree in psychology. She started writing in her sixties and became a successful author. Her best known work was "Ishi in Two Worlds" (1961). This was a biography of Ishi, an indigenous American who was the last known member of the Yahi tribe. Ursula had three older brothers: Karl, Theodore, and Clifton. The family had a large collection of books. Ursula and her brothers all liked to read when they were young. Le Guin read science fiction and fantasy. She and her brothers often read issues of "Thrilling Wonder Stories" and "Astounding Science Fiction". She liked myths and legends. She especially liked Norse mythology and Native American legends that her father would tell her. Many people visited the Kroeber family. Some of the visitors were well-known academics such as Robert Oppenheimer. Le Guin used Oppenheimer as the model for her lead character in "The Dispossessed", a physicist named Sheve
Fletcher Christian (September 25, 1764 - 1793) was an English seaman on "HMS Bounty" when it sailed to Tahiti to collect breadfruit trees in 1787. He led a mutiny (take over) to stop Lieutenant William Bligh returning to England. (See Mutiny on the Bounty). He left Bligh and 18 seaman in a small boat, and went back to Tahiti in the "Bounty". Christian and some of the other sailors then sailed to Pitcairn Island to live. Christian was later killed in a fight between the Tahitian men and the seamen.and he was the first ruler of the Pitcairn Islands. Early life. Christian was born in 1764 at the family home of "Moorland Close", near Brigham, Cumbria. He was one of 10 children of Charles Christian and Ann Dixon. He could trace his ancestry back to William the Conqueror. The name Christian is an English way of saying the Manx name "McCrystyn". Fletcher's mother came from Cumberland and he was named after his grandmother, Mary Fletcher. After his father died, Christian went to sea. He was 18 years old. He was a sailor on the ship 'Cambridge'. William Bligh was also on the ship. Christian later sailed on two trips with Bligh to Jamaica on the ship 'Britannia'. After the mutiny. After the mutiny, Christian wanted to settle on the island of Tubuai. The sailors were scared of the natives who lived on the island. The sailors went back to Tahiti. Christian married Maimiti, the daughter of one of the chiefs on June 16, 1789. He then left Tahiti with 8 of the mutineers, 13 Tahitian women and six men. They sailed to the remote Pitcairn Island. Sixteen sailors from the Bounty stayed at Tahiti. At Pitcairn they took everything they could from the Bounty. After that Matthew Quintal set it on fire. The sexual imbalance (more men than women) and the slavery of the Tahitian men by the mutineers led to fighting and the deaths of most of the men. Fletcher Christian was killed in the fighting. He had a son with Maimiti, Thursday October Christian and two additional children.
Ichthyosaurs are an extinct order of marine reptiles from the Mesozoic era. The earliest fossils are from the early Triassic of 250 million years ago. This is just after the Permian mass extinction. By the Upper Triassic they were similar in shape to dolphins and to fast predatory fish like tuna (convergent evolution). They are found in marine strata from the earliest Triassic to the Cretaceous. After transitional Triassic types like "Mixosaurus" and "Cymbospondylus", they have essentially the same body shape. "Californosaurus" was one of the first to have the typical dolphin-like body shape. Although isolated ichthyosaur vertebrae are quite common, the first fossil which showed the ichthyosaur form was found by Mary Anning (1799–1847) and her brother Joseph. Mary Anning was an early British fossil collector, dealer and paleontologist. Many of her finds may be seen today at the Natural History Museum, London. Early discoveries. The genus "Ichthyosaurus" was first described in 1699 from fossil fragments discovered in Wales. The first fossil vertebrae were published twice in 1708. The first complete ichthyosaur fossil was found in 1811 by Mary Anning in Lyme Regis, along the Jurassic Coast. She later discovered three separate species. The first major find. Mary Anning's first great discovery was made shortly after her father's death when she was just twelve. In 1810 her bother Joseph found what he thought was a crocodile skull, but the rest of the animal was not in evidence. Mary kept searching and a year later a storm weathered away part of the cliff and exposed part of the rest of the skeleton of the 17 ft (5.2m) long creature, which she was able to dig out of the cliff and collect with help from local quarrymen.p33–41 Anning later discovered three more species. Interpretation. In 1821 William Conybeare and Mary’s old friend Henry De la Beche, published a paper which analyzed the specimens found by Mary and others. They concluded that ichthyosaurs were a
Ichthyosaurus was an extinct marine reptile from the Lower Jurassic. It was the first member of the order Ichthyosauria to be discovered. The first complete skeleton was discovered in the early 19th century (1810/11) by Mary Anning in the Dorset Jurassic Coast. Many more specimens were found in Europe, especially from the limestone quarries in Holzmaden, southern Germany. Ichthyosaurus lived from about 199 to 189 million years ago (mya). This sleek animal could perhaps swim at speeds up to 25 mph (40 kph). Mode of life. Live birth. "Ichthyosaurus" bore live young. This we know from fossil evidence. It was thought at first that "Ichthyosaurus" laid eggs on land, but fossil evidence shows that the females gave birth to live young. Because they did, their life habit could be entirely aquatic. They were well-adapted to life as fully pelagic organisms because they never needed to come onto land. The babies were born tail first to prevent them from drowning in the water. Hundreds of well-preserved, fossilised skeletons have been found in Jurassic rock at Holzmaden. Some of the bones were still articulated. Some fossils still had baby specimens inside them, indicating that "Ichthyosaurus" was viviparous. Similar finds in the related "Stenopterygius" also show this. Fins. The German fossils also featured the outline of "Ichthyosaurus" skin, showing it had a fleshy dorsal fin on its back and a large caudal fin. Other ichthyosaur fossils proved this feature was not limited to "Ichthyosaurus". Sense organs. "Ichthyosaurus" ear bones were solid, probably transferring water vibrations to the inner ear. Still, hunting by sight was the creature's main feeding activity; it had huge, sensitive eyes, protected by bony shields. Feeding. Coprolites (fosillized excreta) of "Ichthyosaurus" show its diet consisted of fish and squid.
Stenopterygius was a typical, dolphin-shaped ichthyosaur of the Lower Jurassic. It is like the poster reptile of the ichthyosaur family, "Ichthyosaurus", but with slightly narrower flippers and a smaller head. Its name means "narrow wing". "Stenopterygius" was more streamlined than the earlier ichthyosaurs of the Triassic period, and likely swam faster in pursuit of prey. Some "Stenopterygius" fossils have been found with the remains of juveniles inside--clearly instances of mothers dying before they could give birth. As with other ichthyosaurs, "Stenopterygius" females gave birth to live young. Their eggs developed internally before birth.
Temnodontosaurus was an ichthyosaur from the early Jurassic, some 196 to 190 million years ago. It was found in England by Mary Anning, and later in Germany. It was, in fact, her first ichthyosaur. Her brother found the skull, and she found the rest of the skeleton, in about 1810. It was described in 1814.  There are four or five species of "Temnodontosaurus". They grew to killer whale size, about 30 to 40 feet. This huge ichthyosaur cruised the shallow seas hunting. But hunting what? A discussion by Christopher McGowan suggests that other reptiles might have been on the menu. McGowan also mentions that in the museum collections are some teeth and bones which suggest even larger ichthyosaurs existed. Eye size. Ichthyosaurs hold the record for eye size: the largest was 264mm in diameter (~10.4 inches), from the species "Temnodontosaurus platyodon". This is the largest eye ever recorded for any vertebrate; the colossal squid eye is larger still. The eyes are surrounded by sclerotic rings, a kind of bony support.
Californosaurus was an ichthyosaur, an extinct marine reptile. It was 10 feet (3 m) long. It had four paddle-shaped flippers and sharp teeth in long, pointed jaws (looking a bit like a dolphin).  "Californosaurus" lived during the late Triassic period in seas that covered what is now California. It fed on fish and other small marine creatures. Like other ichthyosaurs it probably never came onto dry land, and gave birth in the water. It is the most basal known true ichthyosaur, shaped more or less like a dolphin. The long-snouted head is small in comparison with the rest of the body, as in basal ichthyosaurs such as "Mixosaurus" and "Cymbospondylus". The tail is sharply turned downwards, in common with more advanced ichthyosaurs, with a small vertical fluke. It may have had a small dorsal fin.