ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
In cryptography, RC4 (also known as ARC4 or ARCFOUR meaning Alleged RC4, see below) is one of the most common software stream ciphers. It is used in popular protocols like Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) (to protect Internet traffic) and WEP (to secure wireless networks). RC4 is known for being simple and quick, but attacks are likely to happen when the start of the output keystream is not removed, or one keystream is used twice; some ways of using RC4 can turn into very insecure cryptosystems such as WEP. RC4 was created by Ron Rivest of RSA Security in 1987. While its official name is "Rivest Cipher 4", the RC abbreviation is also known to stand for "Ron's Code" (see also RC2, RC5 and RC6). RC4 was first created as a trade secret, but in September 1994 a description of it was posted to the Cypherpunks mailing list. It was soon posted on the sci.crypt newsgroup, and from there to many websites on the Internet. The code was confirmed to be genuine(not fake) as its output matched that of proprietary software using licensed RC4. Because the algorithm is known, it is no longer a trade secret. The name "RC4" is trademarked, however. RC4 is often referred to as "ARCFOUR" or "ARC4" (meaning Alleged RC4, because RSA has never officially released the algorithm), to avoid possible trademark problems. It has become part of some commonly used encryption protocols and standards, including WEP and WPA for wireless cards and TLS. The two main reasons which helped its use over such a big range of applications are its speed and simplicity. Uses of RC4 in both software and hardware are extremely easy to develop. The RC4 encryption algorithm is started with a different key length, usually between 40 and 256 bits, using the "key-scheduling" algorithm (KSA). Once this has been completed, the stream of encrypted bits is created using the "pseudo-random generation algorithm" (PRGA). RC4 fails the standards set by cryptographers for a secure
General Electric is a big and multinational company based in the United States. It was created in 1892 by Thomas Edison through merging several companies that initially made electrical things. In the middle 20th century it became a major maker of turbojet engines and now makes many things.  As of 2008, they are the third biggest company in the world. In May 2020, it sold its light bulb business.
Blowfish is a method of hiding information using keys and a symmetric block cipher. It was made in 1993 by Bruce Schneier. Since 1993 it has been included in a large number of security products. Blowfish is fast and has never been cryptanalytic broken. However, the AES method is more common. Schneier made Blowfish as a general-purpose algorithm, to be used as a replacement for the old DES algorithm and to remove the problems and difficulties of other encryption algorithms. At the time Blowfish was released, many other algorithms were proprietary, or were secrets. Schneier has said that, "Blowfish is unpatented, and will remain so in all countries. The algorithm is hereby placed in the public domain, and can be freely used by anyone." Main features of the design include key-dependent S-boxes and a very complex key schedule. Blowfish is one of the fastest block ciphers used by many people, except when changing keys. Each new key needs to be pre-processed which takes the same time as encrypting about 4 kilobytes of text, which is very slow compared to other block ciphers. This stops its use in certain applications (such as in the smallest embedded systems like the early smartcards), but it is not a problem in other applications. In one of the applications, it is actually good: the password-hashing method used in OpenBSD uses an algorithm that comes from Blowfish which makes use of the slow key schedule; the idea is that the extra computational effort required gives protection against dictionary attacks. "See" key strengthening. Blowfish has a 64-bit block size and a variable key length from 0 up to 448 bits It is a 16-round Feistel cipher and uses large key-dependent S-boxes. It is similar in structure to CAST-128, which uses fixed S-boxes. In 1996, Serge Vaudenay found a known-plaintext attack needing 28"r" + 1 known plaintexts to break, where "r" is the number of rounds. Moreover, he also found a class of weak keys that can be detected and broken by the same attack with only
John Scaddan (4 August 1876 – 21 November 1934) was the 10th Premier of Western Australia from 7 October 1911 to 27 July 1916. He was from the Labor Party. He was only 35 when he won a record majority of seats in the 1911 elections, making him the youngest premier of Western Australia. His parents were from Cornwall and had moved to Moonta to work in the large copper mines. They later moved to Eaglehawk, near Bendigo where Scaddan worked in the gold mines and studied to be an engine driver. In 1896 he moved to the Western Australian goldfields. He was elected to parliament in 1904 where he became famous for his long speeches, some going for me than three hours. He became premier when the Labor Party won the 1911 election. He believed that the government should own and control businesses and he set up state owned shipping lines, brickworks, sawmills, trams, abattoirs, fishing, quarries and even a hotel. While many of these were well run, many were not, and a costly failure at the Wyndham freezing works led to a loss of support. At the next election he only won by two seats. When one ALP member disappeared, and another resigned in 1916, the Country Party were able to form a new government with help from the Liberal Party. When the Labor Party split on conscription, Scaddan who supported it, joined the new National Labor Party. He later joined the Country Party. He was elected in and out of parliament over the next 15 years. He felt Western Australia was not treated fairly by the government of Australia, and was on a committee which looked at how Western Australia could become an independent country. He died suddenly from a Cerebral hemorrhage in 1934.
Eton College, or just Eton, is a British independent school for boys between the ages of 1318. It was founded in 1440 by King Henry VI, as the King's College of Our Lady of Eton.  Eton College is in Eton, near Windsor in the English county of Berkshire. It is known as the Ampleforth of the south. It is north of Windsor Castle. The school is one of the original nine English "public schools" as defined by the Public Schools Act 1868. The school is a member of the Eton Group of independent schools in the United Kingdom. The current Headmaster is Simon Henderson. For every 8 pupils there is one teacher.  Eton is a full boarding school. All pupils live at the school. It is one of four such remaining boys' public schools (the others being Winchester College, Harrow School, and Radley College). Eton has educated many British and foreign aristocrats. Prince William and his brother Prince Harry went there.  The list of graduates includes twenty former prime ministers, including David Cameron and Boris Johnson. "The Good Schools Guide" called the school "the number one boys' public school", adding "The teaching and facilities are second to none". The school is a member of the G20 Schools Group. It is registered as a charity.
PuTTY is a terminal emulator application which can act as a client for the SSH, Telnet, rlogin, and raw TCP computing protocols. The word "PuTTY" has no meaning, though 'tty' is sometimes used to refer to the Unix terminals, as an acronym for 'teletype'. PuTTY was first written for Microsoft Windows, but it has been ported to other operating systems including some Unix-like platforms. Mac OS and Mac OS X are still being ported, while unofficial ports have been ported it to the Symbian and Windows Mobile operating systems. PuTTY is currently beta software. Licensed under the MIT License, and it is free and open source software. Features. Some features of PuTTY are: Main Programs. The versions available are made up of some or all of the following programs:
Migros is a supermarket chain found in Switzerland and other countries. History. It was started in 1925 by Gottlieb Duttweiler. He started in Zürich with a wagon and sold products 40% cheaper than others. At first, he sold only coffee, rice, sugar, noodles, coconut oil and soap. Later, he started selling more and in 1926, Duttweiler built his first market, also in Zürich.
In computing, the SSH File Transfer Protocol (sometimes called Secure File Transfer Protocol or SFTP) is a network protocol that implements file transfer between computers. It is often used as a more secure alternative of an FTP protocol, which transmits file contents, folder contents and even passwords without encryption. SFTP protocol is built on top of SSH protocol which is used as a transport layer over the port 22 and is implemented by an SSH server such as OpenSSH.  SFTP is different from SCP, which is another protocol relying on an SSH connection. It is also different from FTPS, which used SSL to encrypt the connection itself, rather than sending the data through an SSH tunnel.  Many popular FTP programs have added support for SFTP. Access to the SFTP server can be granted either through a username, a password or by using a public key.
Computer security is a branch of information technology known as information security which is intended to protect computers. Computer security has three main goals: Computer security involves telling computers what they are "not to do". This makes computer security unique because most programming makes computers "do" things. Security takes much of a computer's power. Basic computer security methods (in approximate order of strength) can be: An example of complexity and pervasiveness of the issue is vending machines, per "Hackers Lurking in Vents and Soda Machines" April 7, 2014 New York Times.
Mark Odejobi born 18 January, 1988 in London, England is a former rugby union player for England sevens and the London Wasps. He played as a winger.
Crayon Shin-chan (, "Kureyon Shin-chan", also known as Shin-chan in other countries) is a Japanese manga and anime series written by Yoshito Usui. It has 56 (including the New Crayon Shin-chan series) manga volumes. The anime has been broadcast since 1992, and there are twenty-four movies as of 2016. They are popular all over the world. The anime program Shinchan has more than 900 episodes. This show is broadcasteon Tv Asahi in Japan and on Hungama TV in India. Plot Summary. Shinnosuke "Shin-chan" the mischievous kid with a knack for trouble, brings laughter and joy with his unique antics, dance moves, and loyal friendships in the manga and anime series loved by fans worldwide. Nohara is a little boy who does everything he can to annoy his parents and teachers (and succeeds), but he only means the best. He just tries to have a good time and sometimes annoys people in the process.shinchan has a sister her name is hemavari and shinchan has friend Movies. 1. July 24, 1993:  2. April 23, 1994:  3. April 15, 1995:  4. April 13, 1996:  5. April 19, 1997:  6. April 18, 1998:  7. April 17, 1999:  8. April 22, 2000:  9. April 21, 2001:  10. April 20, 2002:  11. April 19, 2003:  12. April 17, 2004:  13. April 16, 2005:  14. April 15, 2006:  15. April 21, 2007:  16. April 19, 2008:  17. April 18, 2009:  18. April 17, 2010:  19. April
The Adventures of Hamtaro (とっとこハム太郎, "Tottoko Hamutarō", literally "Trotting Hamtaro") is a Japanese children's anime preschool series created by Ritsuko Kawai. The main character is a hamster named Hamtaro. Plot Summary. After moving into a new town, Hamtaro finds that he's in the company of lots of different hamsters, making up a group of hamster friends that go on crazy adventures through the city. Before they save Laura and other humans from nasty predicaments, however, they have to learn how to save themselves.
Finn Harps are a football team in County Donegal, Republic of Ireland. They play in the League of Ireland First Division. The club is managed by Darren Murphy. Their current chairman is Ian Harkin.
Sadomasochism is a word which is mostly used in a social (non-medical) way. It means that people get together to either give or receive pain and humiliation. Usually it's a form of sex play.  "Sadists" enjoy inflicting pain on others or humiliating them. "Masochists" get pleasure from being tortured, hurt, or humiliated.
Lanzarote is one of the Canary Islands. Geography and Climate. Lanzarote is one of the two islands in the east of the Canary Islands. It is located 100 km west of the Western African coast line and 11 km north of the neighbouring island Fuerteventura.  Its dimensions are from east to west coast 16.5 km, from north to south 60 km. The island was created by volcano eruptions. There is only limited natural vegetation on the island. About 130,000 people live on Lanzarote. The largest town on the island is Arrecife. Economy. Lanzarote has one international airport at Arreceife (airport code ACE). Lanzarote's economy is mainly supported by tourism. Many tourist come to the island for sunbathing, swimming, windsurfing, walking or snorkeling. There are a few agricultural producers on the island, and in particular there are some vineyards producing local wines.
The McMahon Line is a demarcation line drawn on map referred to in the Simla Convention, a treaty between Britain and Tibet signed in 1914. Although its legal status is disputed, it is currently the effective boundary between China and India. This dispute was used a pretext in a war between China and India in 1962.
Theodor Heuss (31 January 1884 in Brackenheim - 12 December 1963 in Stuttgart) was a German politician. He was the first person elected to a regular term as President of the Federal Republic of Germany. Heuss was born in Brackenheim, near Heilbronn. He studied art history and state studies in Munich and Berlin.  He received his doctorate in 1905 in Munich. In 1908 he married Elly Heuss-Knapp (1881-1952). He worked for a political magazine from 1908 to 1912, and then for a regional newspaper. In 1910 he joined the Progressive People's Party and stayed there until 1918. Between 1923 and 1926 he published the magazine "Die Deutsche Nation" ("The German Nation"). Heuss became a member of the German Democratic Party (Deutsche Demokratische Partei, DDP) and was a member of parliament for two periods. In 1933 Heuss voted for the Enabling Act (Ermächtigungsgesetz) against his personal beliefs, following his party. After World War II Heuss was the first Minister of Culture in Baden-Württemberg. He was one of the founders of the Free Democratic Party of Germany after WW II. In 1949 he was elected as first President of the Federal Republic of Germany. He was reelected once.
Frank-Walter Steinmeier (born 5 January 1956) is a German politician. He was Foreign Secretary, Vice Chancellor of Germany and is currently the twelfth President of the Federal Republic of Germany. Steinmeier was born in Detmold in 1956. After his "abitur" (secondary school exam) and his military service, he studied law in Gießen. In 1982, he passed his first exam. His second exam was completed and passed in 1986. Between 1986 and 1991, he worked as assistant to the Doctor of Public Law and Political Science at the Gießen University. He obtained his Doctorate of Law in 1991. After 1991, he worked in the State Chancellory of Lower Saxony for the Minister-President, Gerhard Schröder. From 1998, he was Undersecretary of State in Gerhard Schröder's Chancellor Office after Schröder became Chancellor of Germany. In 1999 he became Secretary of State. In 2005, he became the new Foreign Minister of Germany in the coalition cabinet of Angela Merkel. He became Vice Chancellor of Germany in 2007. In 2008 he was elected to be the chancellor candidate of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) for the election in 2009. The SPD got their worst result ever in a German federal election (23.0%), and Steinmeier became leader of the SPD parliamentary group in the Bundestag. From 2013 to 2017 he was again Foreign Minister. Since 19 March 2017 he has been President of Germany, succeeding Joachim Gauck. He was re-elected in 2022 in a landslide victory.
Mary "Tipper" Elizabeth Gore (née Aitcheson; born August 19, 1948) is an American author, photographer, writer, and educator. She was the second lady of the United States from 1993 to 2001 as the wife of the 45th vice president of the United States, Al Gore.  Early life and education. Mary Elizabeth Aitcheson was born on August 19, 1948 in Washington D.C. to John Aitcheson Jr. and Margaret Carlson Aitcheson. She later grew up in Arlington, Virginia and she was later raised by both her mother and grandmother after her parents divorced. She attended schools and universities such as, St. Stephens and St. Agnes School, Garland Junior College, Boston University, Vanderbilt University, and George Peabody College. Aitcheson later pursued and graduated with both a Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts. Marriage and family. Aitcheson met Al Gore at his senior prom in 1965 and they began dating afterwards. On May 19, 1970, they married at the Washington National Cathedral. They have four children named, Karenna, Kristin, Sarah, and Albert Gore lll. Second Lady of the United States (1993–2001). Gore assumed the role and duties as the second lady of the United States on January 20, 1993 succeeding, Marilyn Quayle when her husband inaugurated as the 45th vice president of the United States. As second lady, Tipper served as the mental health policy advisor to the president. Her goals were to destroy the stigma surrounding mental illness and to bring awareness to the need for affordable mental health care. In 1999, she hosted the first White House conference on mental health. That same year, she launched the National Mental Health Awareness Campaign to encourage Americans to seek treatment for mental illness. Along with her work in mental health, Gore was a part of several other initiatives during her time as second lady. Tipper visited a refugee camp and an orphanage in Zaire on a personal trip to provide aid in the aftermath of the Rwandan genocide. She stayed in a United Nations camp to assist doctors and aid
The second lady of the United States or second gentleman is the title held by the hostess of the Number One Observatory Circle. This is usually the wife or husband of the vice president of the United States, during the vice president's term in office.  Usha Vance is the current second lady of the United States, in role since January 2025 as the wife of Vice President JD Vance. Second Lady-Second Gentleman Designate. The second lady-second gentleman designate is the wife or husband of the vice president-elect of the United States. The vice president-elect was the candidate who won the presidential election alongside the presidential candidate, but is awaiting the inauguration to become vice president. The second lady-second gentleman designate is also awaiting the inauguration to become the second spouse. The term corresponds to the term "incoming second lady or second gentleman", used for those wives of vice president-elects for the same period between their election and inauguration. Incumbent second spouses whose husband or wife have won re-election for a second term are not referred to as second lady-second gentleman designate, as they are already in office and are not waiting to become second spouse. Origins and Role. The second lady or second gentleman is not elected by the people of the United States. There are no official jobs he or she is officially required to perform and they are not paid for being the second spouse.  They are often involved in political campaigns and managements of the Number One Observatory Circle. They are involved in participating in social causes and representing the vice president at official and ceremonial occasions. They also accompany the vice president on foreign summits and events. Office of the Second Lady. The Office of the Second Lady helps the second lady carry out their duties as the official hostess of the Number One Observatory Circle. They are also in charge of all social and ceremonial events of the vice presidents official residence. The second lady has her own staff that includes a Chief of Staff, Director of Public Engagement and Policy, Deputy Director for Scheduling, Communications Assistant, and Associate Director of Projects and Special Assistant. Causes and initiatives. Since the early 2000s, a few second spouses have become public speakers, to promote public initiatives. A staff supports her or his agenda.
Lynne Ann Vincent Cheney (born August 14, 1941) is an American author and novelist. She was the second lady of the United States from 2001 to 2009 as the wife of the 46th vice president of the United States, Dick Cheney. Early life. Lynne Ann Vincent was born in Casper, Wyoming. Her mother, Edna Lolita (nee Lybyer), became a deputy sheriff, and her father, Wayne Edwin Vincent, was an engineer. She is a descendant of Mormon pioneers. She has family roots in Denmark, Sweden, England, Ireland, and Wales. She was raised Presbyterian and became Methodist after she married Dick Cheney. Books. Lynne Cheney is the author or co-author of several books:
A town crier is a person who is employed by a town council to make public announcements in the streets. The crier can also be used in court or official announcements. Criers often dress elaborately, a tradition known from the 18th century, in a red and gold robe, white breeches, black boots and a tricorne hat. They carry a handbell to make a loud noise and they shout the words "Oyez, Oyez, Oyez!" before making their announcements. The word "Oyez" means "hear ye," which is a call for silence and attention. "Oyez" is from an Anglo-Norman word for "listen". Some town criers announcements are recorded in books called a Proclamation Book The proclamations book in Chester from the early 19th century records the town criers call as "O Yes, O Yes!" History. England. In Medieval England, town criers were the most important way of spreading news with the people of a town. Many could not read newspapers. Royal proclamations, local bylaws, market days, advertisements and even selling loaves of sugar were all proclaimed by a bellman or town crier for centuries. During Christmas 1798, the Chester Canal Company sold some sugar that was damaged in their packet boat and this was advertised by the town crier. Chester's first 'belman' was in 1540. His was paid one (old) penny for 'going for anything that is lost' and 4 old pennies for leading a funeral procession. In 1681, a fire safety law that all houses should have tiled roofs, not thatched, was to 'be published throughout the city by the day bellman. In 1553, the crier was paid 13 old pennies for 'ridunge the banes' (reading the banns or adverts) for the Chester Mystery Plays. In 1598, bellman Richard Woodcock must have been dressed in a similar way to the London bellman, for he had 'a tymber mast typt at both endes and embellished in the middest with silver' (a wooden