ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Amersham station is a railway station serving Amersham in Buckinghamshire. It is in Travelcard Zone 9 (previously zone D).  Amerhsam Station is a terminus of the Metropolitan Line branch of the London Underground. It is situated 23.7 miles (38.1 km) north west of Charing Cross and is the second most westerly station on the whole London Underground system, after Chesham Amersham Station is also served by Chiltern Railways, which runs trains between London Marylebone and Aylesbury. From Aylesbury a shuttle service to Princes Risborough provides access to through services between Marylebone and Birmingham Snow Hill. The journey times to Central London range between 33 and 60 minutes. Ticket barriers are in operation.
A Teddy boy was a young man who dressed in a style popular in 1950s Britain. The word 'Teddy' comes from the clothes, which were a version of clothes from the Edwardian period, about 1910. That period is named after Edward VII (19011910). Teddy boys relate to early rock and roll music. People often thought of them as rebels. The teddy boy also meant the first British culture of young people. For the first time, teenagers who were in a working class could buy clothes, a bicycle or motorcycle and entertainment. Teddyboys wore clothes that might shock older people.  Style. The style featured a long and jacket with one row of buttons and narrow pants, "brothel creeper" shoes with thick crepe soles and pencil-thin ties. Duck-tail hairstyles were the norm. The movement was working class, and rather dandyfied. It was quite short-lived, and gave way to the mods and rockers of the early 1960s.
SHINee () is a South Korean boy band formed by SM Entertainment The members are Onew, Jonghyun, Key, Minho, Taemin (order from oldest to youngest). The group's first album, "Replay", was released on the 22nd of May 2008, but the group officially debuted on the 25th of May 2008 with the song "Noonan neomu yeppeo ()", or better known as "Replay". They are known as the 'Princes of Kpop'. History. 2008: Debut. In late May 2008 news articles started to surface online about SM Entertainment's new group, SHINee (pronounced "shiny"). On May 23, the group's first mini-album, "Replay" was released. "Replay" debuted at #10 on the Korean music charts and peaked at #8, selling 17,957 copies in the first half of 2008. On June 7, 2008, SHINee participated in the Dream Concert in the Seoul Olympic Stadium along with other high profile Korean stars such as Epik High, Girls' Generation, Super Junior, TVXQ and the Wonder Girls. The group won their first award, Rookie of the Month, at the Cyworld Digital Music Award on June 22, 2008. SHINee took part in SMTown Live '08, which was held on August 18, 2008. They performed alongside labelmates BoA, Cheon Sang Ji Hee the Grace, Girls' Generation, Super Junior and TVXQ. On August 23, 2008, SHINee attended MNet's 20's Choice Awards 2008, where they won the "Hot New Star" award. SHINee released their full debut album, "The SHINee World", on August 28, 2008. The album debuted on the charts at #3, selling 30,000 copies. The first single released from the album was "Sanso Gateun Neo (Love Like Oxygen)" (산소 같은 너 (Love Like Oxygen), lit. You Like
Baskin-Robbins is an international chain of ice cream parlors. It has franchises in more than 30 countries. Out of 5800 locations, 2800 are based in the United States. It was founded in 1953 by the merger of two separate ice cream ventures of Burt Baskin and Irv Robbins, who were brothers-in-law. Before the merger, the two separate ice cream ventures were called Burt’s Ice Cream Shop and Snowbird Ice Cream. Snowbird Ice cream had 21 flavors at the time, which was praised as novel and fresh. After the two ventures were combined into Baskin-Robbins, which would later become a world-famous ice cream parlor, they pushed the slogan of "31 flavors." Baskin-Robbins was creative in its approach, introducing the sampling system—letting people taste the different flavors of ice cream with small, single-use pink plastic spoons until they find the flavor that they want. Also, Baskin-Robbins was the first to introduce the ice cream cake to the public. Original 31 Flavors. The original flavors when Baskin-Robbins first opened in 1945 were: Current Flavors. Seasonal Flavors Regional Flavors Bright Choices Hidden message of the logo. The pink part of the logo has the 31 inside meaning there are 31 flavours.
The strike zone is the area over home plate through which a pitch must pass to be called a strike, roughly between the batter's armpits and knees. The Strike Zone shall be determined from the batter's stance as the batter is prepared to swing at a pitched ball. The strike zone in baseball is a tricky subject as the strike zone changes with each batter. Accordingly, there is no "automatic" strike zone and much of what is a strike or not a strike is left to the judgement of the home plate umpire. In short, the strike zone extends from the batters' knees to the letters across the front of his uniform. To be called a strike, the pitcher must throw the baseball across home plate, an area 17 inches wide (0.4318 meters), and between the knees and letters as indicated. In professional baseball, a player who stands 5' 6" tall (1.67 meters), for example, will have a much smaller strike zone that will a 6' 4" (1.93 meters) homerun hitter. Moreover, the focus is not on where the ball is caught by the catcher, but rather where the ball is as it passes the front of home plate.
Team Penske is a auto racing team the IndyCar Series and NASCAR. The team is owned by Roger Penske. Penske Racing has one Indy Racing League championship and several more in other forms of open wheel racing IndyCar. Team Penske joined the IndyCar circuit in 1968 with driver Mark Donahue, who won the team's first race at Indianapolis in 1972. By the late 1980s, the team had become one of the highest rated in IndyCar, and hired drivers like Emerson Fittipaldi, Rick Mears, and Al Unser Jr. to name three. In the early 1990s, Penske won many races and has continued to be a force in the series ever since. In 2003, they switched to the Indy Racing League, now known as the IndyCar Series, and hired Sam Hornish Jr. and Gil de Ferran to drive. Both won championships. Even though Penske has not won a championship since 2006, the team is always one of the fastest in the series. In 2014, their drivers will be Juan Pablo Montoya who left NASCAR to move to open wheel racing, three time Indy 500 winner Hélio Castroneves, and top ranked Australian driver Will Power. The team's headquarters are in Mooresville, North Carolina. NASCAR. Team Penske also runs a NASCAR team, which used to be called Penske Racing South until last year. Although this team has not been as successful as Penske's IndyCar program, it has had some big wins. Ryan Newman won the Daytona 500 for Penske in 2008 and Brad Keselowski won a Sprint Cup title while driving for the team in 2012. Keselowski will be joined by Joey Logano at the team in 2014.In 2018 Ryan Blaney joins in the 3rd car the 12. Joey Logano won the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series Championship in 2018. Other Motorsport Activities. Penske was involved in Formula 1 in the 1970s, with John Watson as their most famous driver. Penske also had a highly successful sports car program in the 2000s. This team ran Porsche sports cars with great success. Their drivers included Timo Bernhard, Romain Dumas, and Sacha Maassen. Penske stopped running this team in 2009.
Chupa is a Spanish confectionery brand which was started in 1958. Enric Bernat had the idea of caramel on a stick because many children ate a lot of caramels and this caused their hands to get dirty. The company had much success.  Chupa Chups was sold outside of Spain in the 1970s. It now does business in over 150 countries. These include Russia, Japan, Germany, Mexico, Australia and the United States.  Chupa Chups began with seven flavours. This number has grown since then. The logo of the company is a daisy with the name of the company inside. It was designed by Salvador Dalí in 1969.  In July 2006, the company as a whole was acquired by the Italian-Dutch company Perfetti Van Melle.
Hélio Castroneves (born Hélio Castro Neves; May 10, 1975) is a Brazilian racecar driver. Until 2020, Castroneves raced for Team Penske in the IndyCar Series. He has won the Indy 500 four times. Castroneves won "Dancing with the Stars" in 2007 with his partner Julianne Hough. Castroneves drove for Team Penske since he entered the Indycar series in the late 1990s. Even though he has many race wins, Castroneves has never won an IndyCar Series championship. Castroneves lives in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Racing Career. Castroneves was born and raised in Brazil and was successful in karting there. He moved to Europe to keep racing and was a top driver in British Formula 3, which many racing experts say is a "stepping stone" to a career in a higher series such as F1 or IndyCar. He began racing in the United States in what was then the CART series in the late 1990s and struggled at first. However, in 2000, he got a big break when Team Penske signed him after Greg Moore, who the team originally wanted to drive for them, died in a racing accident in 1999. He joined the team in 2000 and has remained there ever since. In 2001, he won the Indianapolis 500, one of the most important events in the racing world. At the event, he famously climbed the protective fence at the side of the track. The following year he won again in a very controversial finish where it wasn't clear whether Castroneves or rival Paul Tracy had won. Castroneves was declared the winner, but many people believe Tracy was the rightful winner. Tracy has not gotten along with Castroneves since then and has called him a "two time winner", leaving out his 2002 win. Castroneves has always been a top driver and finished second in IndyCar Series points in 2008. The following year he won the Indy 500 for a third time. In 2009, the IRS charged Castroneves with tax evasion. After a trial, Castroneves was acquitted by a jury.
Changdeokgung is one of the five grand palaces in South Korea. They are Gyeongbokgung, Changdeokgung, Deoksugung, Changgyunggung, and Gyeonghuigung. The five grand palaces were not built at the same time. Changdeokgung was built as the secondary palace next to Gyeongbokgung. The construction began by King Taejong, the Third King of the Joseon Dynasty, in 1405. Taking 7 years to complete, it was finished in the year 1412. The word Changdeokgung means 'the palace of prospering virtue'. Because of the meaning of the name of the palace, the kings of Joseon Dynasty chose mostly Changdeokgung to live in. The palace had been the home of 14 kings of Joseon Dynasty until it was totally destroyed by the Japanese army in the year 1592. After the Japanese were driven back by the combined forces of Korea and China, Changdeokgung was rebuilt in 1612. After the reconstruction, the palace had suffered little damage and became the primary royal court of the Joseon Dynasty. This was because Gyeongbokgung was also destroyed by the Japanese but the Joseon Dynasty did not rebuild it for some reason and the Changdeokgung became the biggest palace in Korea. However, Changdeokgung had suffered some damage for 350 years after the reconstruction. As a result, a large scale restoration took palace from 1990 to 1999. This restoration shows how much the Korean people loved Changdeokgung. Apparently, the UNESCO saw its value as well. Seeing Changdeokgung as a vital global asset, UNESCO listed it as a World Cultural Heritage. The UNESCO said that Changdeokgung 'was outstanding example of Far Eastern palace architecture and garden design'. Changdeokgung is in a park in Seoul, the capital city of South Korea. There are total of 13 buildings remaining in all and the area is designated as Historical Site No. 122. Tourists from all around the world visit this historic site. Changdeokgung is also an enjoyable park for families to spend their weekends.
Korea University is a private university in Seoul, South Korea. Along with Seoul National University and Yonsei University, KU is one of the three most renowned universities in the country, collectively known as 'SKY.' Founded in 1905 with the struggle against Japanese colonialism as a historical background, Korea University holds its legacy with highly national values as priorities. These days, however, an emphasis on internationalism and globalization is also becoming an important value that KU pursues. Korea University has 81 academic departments, and is most well known for its law school, business school, and college of education.  It has many notable alumni, including the former President of the Republic of Korea Lee Myung-bak and former mayor of Seoul Oh Se-hoon.  Cha Bum-Kun, famous football manager and former player (nicknamed Tscha Bum), graduated from KU. In 2009, famous figure skater Kim Yu-Na entered Korea University as a physical education major.  About 28,000 students are currently studying in Korea University, including 1,000 foreign students.
Joseph-Armand Bombardier (April 16, 1907 – February 18, 1964) was a Canadian inventor famous for inventing the snowmobile. In 2000, Joseph-Armand Bombardier was honored by the government of Canada with his image on a postage stamp.He died at 57 years of age.  Childhood. Joseph-Armand was born in 1907 in Valcourt, Quebec. As a child he loved to take things apart and put them back together. He was very good at building mechanical things. He built his first moving toy at the age of 13. His father had to hide the family car from him because he liked to take apart and re-build the motor. To keep him away from the family car, his father gave him an old car that didn't work. Joseph-Armand fixed the motor, and put it on old sleds and created the first snow vehicle. When he was 17 years old he convinced his father to let him quit college and become a mechanic. He continued to study mechanics and electrical engineering at night school. Inventions. His first patent was for a sprocket wheel and track system in 1937, this system would help him to make the first snowmobile the B7. These first snowmobiles were used by doctors, veterinarians, innkeepers and funeral directors to get around in the winter. Bombardier went on to design bigger snowmobiles that would carry up to 12 people. During the War, he made snowmobiles and armoured tracked vehicles for the Canadian Government.   Because of this, his company began to grow. In the 1970s, it began making airplanes and trains and became the large multi-national corporation now called Bombardier Inc. He is a member of the Canadian Science and Engineering Hall of Fame.
An Earthship is a type of house that is built with natural and recycled materials with energy conservation in mind. Designed by the architect Michael Reynolds and his company "Earthship Biotecture", it is built to produce water and electricity for its own use. Mainly made of earth-filled tires it takes advantage of thermal mass, natural heat insulation and ventilation to maintain its temperature. Since it does not require any public utilities such as gas, electricity, water or sewage it can be considered as an off-the-grid housing, meaning that it can live away from public utilities. An Earthship does not require external support to sustain itself. Instead, it is built to use resources available from its natural surroundings. For example, windows are placed so that sunlight is shone inside the house to be used for heating. Electricity is generated by solar panels and stored in batteries. The roofing collects rainwater that is filtered and used for drinking and various household activities such as cooking and washing. Used water from sinks and showers is reused to water indoor plants and after that for toilet flushing. Earthships can adapt to different climates and are being build worldwide. In North- and South America, the Caribbean, Asia, Africa and Europe. Construction drawings and training should enable people to build their own off-the-grid Earthship home and become independent from public and commercial utilities.
Kittanning () is a borough and the county seat of Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is 44 miles (71 km) northeast of Pittsburgh, and is by the Allegheny River. History. Kittanning is along the Allegheny River. It was originally a Native American village in the 18th century. In 1756, the village was destroyed by John Armstrong, Sr. at the Battle of Kittanning during the French and Indian War. During the attack, a blast from the explosion of gunpowder stored in Captain Jacobs's house was heard in Pittsburgh, 44 miles away. In 1900, 3,902 people lived in Kittanning, and in 1910, there were 4,311 people living in the area. After Wickboro became part of Kittanning, an estimated 10,000 people lived in Kittanning in 1914. In 1930, there were 7,808 people; in 1940, 7,550. The amount of people living in Kittanning was 3,921 at the 2020 census. Kittanning is the county seat of Armstrong County. The playground on North Jefferson Street was formerly the Kittanning Cemetery; 274 graves were moved in 1960 to a new cemetery on Troy Hill Road.
Club Penguin was a free-to-play multiplayer online game that was available to play online. It was owned by The Walt Disney Company starting in October 2005 before it was shut down in late March 2017. "Club Penguin" started as a chat room called Penguin Chat by Rocketsnail Games. The game was replaced by a freemium mobile application called Club Penguin Island, which did not receive the success that the original online game had. Gameplay. "Club Penguin" was an online virtual world for all ages, where players could talk and meet with each other. Parties were held once a month with a different theme every time. Players could play games to earn coins. There were also several rooms in "Club Penguin". A player would usually land in the town whenever they logged on. All players gathered at the town. By walking or by using the map, players could visit other places. Shutdown. Before shutdown, it was announced that on the final day of Club Penguin, everybody would get membership. Club Penguin was shut down at 00:01:39 PM. A message appeared on screen for all players, saying "The connection has been lost. Thank you for playing Club Penguin. Waddle on!" Membership. Like most online games, "Club Penguin" had a membership which could be purchased online or through a gift card that was purchased from a store. As a member, players could buy new furniture, adopt more puffles, and get access to bonuses. Puffles. Puffles were the virtual pets. Non-members could buy a red puffle and a blue puffle, but members could adopt all 20 puffles in exclusive colors. A puffle that was not well cared for by its owner would leave its owner and return to the wild. Puffles had food, hats, and toys which could be bought in the game. Minigames. There were many games on "Club Penguin," all with different controls. Some games are controlled by the computermouse, while other games were controlled by the keyboard. At the end of a game, the player earns a certain amount of coins, depending on how well the game was played. Console games. There are some console video games based on "Club Penguin". These include the following:
Culture shock is a feeling that people have when they are in a different place or experiencing a culture that is different from their own. Many times, the feelings that come with culture shock are confusion, feeling out of place, anxiety, and homesickness. These feelings come from adjusting to the new culture or place, which can be very difficult for some people. Adjustment is especially hard when the change of environment and culture is in a foreign country. It is difficult for people to know what is appropriate and what is not in an unfamiliar place.  Dealing with culture shock. It is important to understand and identify the symptoms of culture shock so that it can be worked through. The feelings and symptoms that are a result of culture shock are not always caused by one event alone. Many times, it is more than one event over time that leads to overwhelming feelings and emotions. Sometimes it is difficult to identify feelings and emotions as symptoms of culture shock because they can often be confused with other things. There are some different strategies for coping and working through culture shock. Keeping active, making friends with the host country’s locals, and staying positive are all good methods to improve the ability to deal with culture shock. Reverse culture shock. Reverse culture shock is like culture shock but is experienced when someone returns to their original home after being away for a long period of time. Reverse culture shock can be unexpected because people expect their home to be the same as when they left. This makes it harder for someone to readjust to the change in their home culture and environment. Usually, a longer period of time spent away from home means a longer adjustment period after returning home. Reverse culture shock can be worked through by talking with others, doing things that are a reminder of the foreign place or culture, and staying positive.
Modern dance is related to ballet, but aims at different types of performance, as compared to the classical ballets. Many of its dancers have been trained in ballet, and modern dance companies are rather similar to ballet companies. Here the word "modern" is not used to mean "recent". Modern dance is over a century old, having begun (in this sense) around 1900. The phrase 'modern dance' is also applied to ballroom dance of the English (now 'International') style. However, this page uses "Modern dance" as a term to describe 20th century concert dance, on stage. The modern dance style does not have set rules. Modern dancers often create their own dance routines using their emotions and moods but, on the other hand, many performances are choreographed. Also modern dancing does not require specific costumes. So modern dancers often dance barefoot and choose whatever they want to wear. Modern dancers try to show their innermost emotions through dancing, often trying to get closer to their inner-selves. Modern dance has evolved continually. Artistic content has changed and shifted from one choreographer to another, as have styles and techniques. History. Modern dance was developed in the 20th century, mainly in the United States and Germany. In the early 1900s, several female dancers began rebelling against the strict rules of classical ballet. The pioneers of modern dance in the United States were Isadora Duncan, Loie Fuller, Ruth St. Denis and Martha Graham. The pioneers of Germany were Rudolf Von Laban and Mary Wigman.
Epik High is a South Korean hip hop music group. They are well known for having combined genres and different styles of hip-hop throughout their career and for the quality of their music and the lyrics to their songs. Group members are Tablo, DJ Tukutz and Mithra Jin. They made their first recording in 2003, and started their own music label, Map the Soul, in 2009. They went on a World Tour to Japan, Korea and U.S.A. (April 26 ,2009 ~ May 23, 2009). The label was acquired by Woolim Entertainment, their former label. But soon the contract between them and their company ended and they are now the members of  YG Entertainment.