ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Disenfranchisement, disfranchisement or voter disqualification is removing the right to vote from people, This means that people, who would normally have the right to vote, or to be elected in the place where they live, cannot do that.  There are different reasons, why this is done. Common ones are:
Roelof Erasmus van der Merwe is a Dutch-South African International cricketer who has played for both South Africa and the Netherlands internationally. He was born on 31 December 1984 in Johannesburg, Transvaal. He played 13 ODI and Twenty20 International cricket for South Africa between 2009 and 2011. In June 2015, van der Merwe got the Netherlands passport and he immediately made himself available for Netherlands cricket team and was selected in the Netherlands squad for the 2015 ICC World Twenty20 Qualifier in July. International career. In the 2023 Cricket World Cup, he played an important role in Netherlands win over South Africa by scoring 29 runs off 19 balls and taking two wickets for 34 runs in his nine overs.
The Université de Montréal (UdeM; French pronunciation: [ynivɛʁsite də mɔ̃ʁeal]; translates to University of Montreal) is a French-language public research university in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The university's main campus is located in the Côte-des-Neiges neighborhood of Côte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-Grâce on Mount Royal near the Outremont Summit (also called Mount Murray), in the borough of Outremont. There are thirteen faculties, more than sixty departments and two affiliated schools: the Polytechnique Montréal (School of Engineering; formerly the École polytechnique de Montréal) and HEC Montréal (School of Business). It offers more than 650 undergraduate programmes and graduate programmes, including 71 doctoral programmes. The university was founded as part of the Université Laval in 1878. It became an independent institution after it was issued a papal charter in 1919 and a provincial charter in 1920. Université de Montréal moved from Montreal's Quartier Latin to its present location at Mount Royal in 1942. It was made a secular institution with the passing of another provincial charter in 1967. It is co-educational, and has 34,335 undergraduate and 11,925 post-graduate students (excluding affiliated schools).
The University of Alberta is a public research university in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. It was started in 1908 by Alexander Cameron Rutherford, the first premier of Alberta, and Henry Marshall Tory, the university's first president. There are four campuses in Edmonton, an Augustana Campus in Camrose, and a staff centre in downtown Calgary. There are 39,000 students. It has 18 faculties.
Fernando Márquez de la Plata y Orozco (30 August 1740 – 17 December 1818) was a Spanish colonial functionary, and a member of the First Government Junta of Chile.he is president of Chile.
Juan Antonio Ovalle y Morales (c. 1750 – July 12, 1819) was a Chilean politician, lawyer and landowner. He served as the first president of the First National Congress of Chile where he was elected as deputy for Santiago.
Vardavar is a festival in Armenia where people throw water at each other. It is celebrated 98 days (14 weeks) after Easter. The celebrations related to the religious observance of were initially called "Vartavar" because Armenians used to offer her roses as a symbol of celebration. The word "vart" means "rose" in Armenian, and "var" means "rise". The event was traditionally celebrated during the harvest season.
Several sets of codes and abbreviations are used to represent the political divisions of the United States for addresses, data processing, general abbreviations, and other purposes. Table. This table has abbreviations for three independent countries related to the United States through Compacts of Free Association, and other comparable postal abbreviations, including those not used anymore. History. As early as October 1831, the United States Post Office recognized common abbreviations for states and territories. However, they accepted these abbreviations only because of their popularity, recommending that people spell names out fully to avoid confusion. The traditional abbreviations for U.S. states and territories, widely used in mailing addresses before the start of two-letter U.S. postal abbreviations, are still regularly used for other purposes (such as legal citation), and are still recognized (though discouraged) by the Postal Service. Modern two-letter abbreviated codes for the states and territories began in October 1963, with the issuance of "Publication 59: Abbreviations for Use with ZIP Code", three months after the Post Office introduced ZIP codes in July 1963. The purpose was to make room in a line of no more than 23 characters for the city, state, and the ZIP code. After 1963, only one state abbreviation has changed. Originally Nebraska was "NB"; but, in November 1969, the Post Office changed it to "NE" to avoid confusion with New Brunswick in Canada. Prior to 1987, when the U.S. Secretary of Commerce allowed the two-letter codes for use in government items, the United States Government Printing Office (GPO) suggested its own set of abbreviations, with some states left unabbreviated. Today, the GPO supports United States Postal Service standard. Current use of traditional abbreviations. Legal citation manuals, such as "The Bluebook" and "The ALWD Citation Manual", usually use the "traditional abbreviations" or other abbreviations. Codes for states and territories. ANSI standard INCITS 38:2009. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) established ordered by letter and ordered by number codes for each state and outlying areas in ANSI standard INCITS 38:2009. ANSI
The Blockade of the Gaza Strip (2023) was the blockade of Gaza, which involved the operations carried out during the 2023 Israel–Hamas war by Israel in order to restrict supplies such as food, water, and medicine. Fuel and electricity were also restricted by Israel. The Israeli Energy Minister, Israel Katz stated that the lifting and end of the blockade would not occur until hostages, who were captured by Hamas, are released and are safely returned to their country. The blockade of Gaza was undertaken by Israel, in response to the Hamas offensive against Israel. The blockade began in the Gaza Strip on 9 October 2023. Even though the blockade was lifted after couple of weeks, it resulted in a serious humanitarian crisis.
The Gaza-Israel conflict is a long running dispute between the Gaza Strip "(a Palestinian territory)" and Israel. It revolves around political, territorial and security matters, and it has resulted in violence, wars, genocide and ongoing tensions. Key issues include border disputes, control of resources and the political self-determination of Palestinians in Gaza.  An important background to note in this conflict is the Gaza blockade which is imposed by Israel and Egypt after Hamas took control of Gaza in 2007 following the Fatah–Hamas conflict. The blockade restricts the movement of people and goods in and out of Gaza, impacting the daily lives of its residents. International efforts tries to find a peaceful resolution, but this remains a complex and unresolved issue.  Human Rights Watch have described the Gaza Strip, which has been under an Israeli blockade since 2007, as an "open-air prison".
Juan Enrique Rosales Fuentes was a prominent Chilean politician, a member of an important Patricia family of his time, son of Jerónimo de Rosales and Margarita de Fuentes y Solar. He is the President of Chile.
Benjamim "Ben" Nicholson, (10 April 1894 – 6 February 1982) was an English painter. He became famous for his abstract paintings, sometimes in low relief, landscapes, and still lives. A leading name in British art of the 20th century, his second wife was the sculptor Barbara Hepworth.
Elena Tonetta is an Italian archer. She was born on 8 June 1988. Tonetta competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics. Tonetta's final ranking round score at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing was 595 points. She faced 10th seed Ana Rendón in the opening round of the competition, earning her the 55th seed in the final round. Both archers scored 106 in the regular match, but the Colombian archer proved too powerful only after an extra round. Tonetta scored nine points and Rendón scored ten in the extra round. She participated in the team event alongside Pia Carmen Lionetti and Natalia Valeeva. After the ranking round, the Italian team stood in ninth place with her 595 ranking round score, Valeeva's 634, and Lionetti's 613.
Gernot Messner (10 October 1980 in Villach) is a former Austrian football player in the position of a midfielder. He is the manager of Grazer AK. Career. Messner began his career at SV Spittal/Drau. At the age of 20, he moved to SK Rapid Wien. There he didn't get beyond the reserve role . After half a season he moved to SV Austria Salzburg. There he became a regular player, but was often set back by injuries. He made his league debut on 21September 2002 in the game against FC Admira Wacker Mödling. Due to the takeover from Red Bull to FC Red Bull Salzburg, he was no longer planned and so he moved to FC Kärnten, where he played for two years. Since 2007 he played for Wolfsberger AC . 2009 they were promoted to the Bundesliga. He spent another season in the Bundesliga . Then he played for the club's amateurs from the 2013/14 season on. In January 2017 he moved to SK St. Andrä. There he ended his playing career after the 2016/17 season. Manager career. From the 2013/14 season, Messner acted as a playing assistant coach for the Wolfsberger amateurs. For the 2015/16 season he took over as head coach at fifth-class SK St. Andrä. After two seasons in St. Andrä, he returned to the WAC for the 2017/18 season. There he became head coach of the U-18s in the academy. In August 2018 he was promoted to head of the academy. In the second half of the 2018/19 season he also coached the U-18s again. In December 2021 Messner left Wolfsberg and became coach of the second division team Grazer AK. In the 2023-24 the club was promoted to the Austrian Bundesliga.
The Bombay cat is a breed of cat. It is one of the most common cats in Europe. History. Bombay cat was developed by Nikki Horner in 1958 in Louisville, Kentucky, USA. This breed was developed to resemble a black panther. The breed was created by crossing Burmese with American Shorthair. Appearance. Bombay cat has gold or copper eyes and black fur. It looks a lot like Burmese. It has a medium build and is muscular. It weighs between 2.5 and 5.4 kilograms, with males usually being heavier than females.
The Brazilian Shorthair is a breed of cat. This cat breed was first developed in 1980. Appearance. Brazilian Shorthair is a medium-sized cat that weighs about 22 pounds (9.9 kg). It is 10 pounds (4.5 kg) heavier than the average weight of other cat breeds. The cat is elegant in appearance and has a slender body. The fur is glossy, silky and soft. It is short, so it does not require frequent combing. The coat consists of all patterns in black, tabby, white tabby. Behavior. Brazilian Shorthairs are active, affectionate and playful. They are also a very lively cat.
Cullen Gilchrist is the Chief Executive Officer and co-founder of Union Kitchen. Early life and career. Cullen went to Dartmouth high school. He later joined Dartmouth College and graduated with a degree in Economics and Sociology. He started his career as an intern in finance. He later switched to food business. Cullen moved to Washington D.C. and worked at Think Food Group as a manager. In 2012, he co-founded Blind Dog Cafe. Union Kitchen. Cullen co-founded Union Kitchen in 2012 to incubate new food businesses in Washington D.C. The company established an incubation process called accelerator program. The program had four phases namely Launch, Product Market Fit, Growth, and Scale.The company introduced a $20M Series A investment fund called the Union Kitchen Fund.
is a professional wrestling stable that competes in the New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW). The stable was created on May 3, 2013. The current leader of Bullet Club is David Finlay. Over their years of existence, Bullet Club has had many different members join the group and leave. Former leaders of Bullet Club were Prince Devitt, A.J. Styles, Kenny Omega, and Jay White. They all portray a group of heel gaijin (evil foreigners). A branch called Bullet Club Gold with Jay White, Austin Gunn, Colten Gunn, Juice Robinson wrestle in All Elite Wrestling (AEW). Leadership under Prince Devitt. Finn Balor was wrestling in a tag team with Ryusuke Taguchi called Apollo 55. After losing a match to Hiroshi Tanahashi, Devitt would start to change his personality and become more disrespectful. He would try to get Taguchi on his side but Taguchi refused. At Invasion Attack, Devitt and Taguchi would face the Time Splitters (Alex Shelley and Kushida) for the IWGP Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Championships but lost. Devitt would attack Taguchi after the match and end Apollo 55. King Fale ran down to the ring and joined in on the beatdown. Devitt would call himself the Real Rock 'n' Rolla and renamed Fale as "The Underboss" Bad Luck Fale. At Wrestling Dontaku 2013, Tanahashi would defeat Karl Anderson. After the match, Devitt and Fale ran out and attacked Tanahashi. Anderson and his partner Tama Tonga would join in on the beatdown and join the other two. They would announce after the match that their new group would be called "Bullet Club". Devitt would enter the 2013 Best of the Super Juniors. He would sweep his block and make it all the way to finals, defeating Kenny Omega and finally Alex Shelley in the finals to win. At Kizuna Road 2013, Tonga and Terrible would lose their CMLL World Tag Team Championships to Tanahashi and Jyushin Thunder Liger. On the same show, Devitt would successfully defend
Milad Salehpour (born on January 3, 1991 in Tehran) is a Television presenter from Iran. Milad Salehpour is the host of Khush Namak on IRIB Nasim.
Ohi Day (or Oxi Day) is a day that people in Greece celebrate on 28 October (the actual date of it being 28 October 1940). This is an event where people in Greece fought the Italians (the axis forces) during World War II over Greek land. On this day, an Italian messenger had come up to Ioannis Metaxas and proclaimed to him that if he did not give the Italians their land, there would be trouble. Metaxas, still in his pyjamas, formerly replied in French, "There will be war." Men from all around Greece happily marched off to war, and eventually won the battle, the Italians having underestimated them. And that is Oxi Day.
The Tour of Life (or Kate Bush Tour) was the only concert tour by English singer Kate Bush. The tour was made for her first two albums, "The Kick Inside" and "Lionheart". It happened in April and May 1979. It was the first concert ever to use a wireless headset microphone. The device was invented by Gordon Paterson so Bush could dance on stage. The tour's lighting worker, Bill Duffield, died after the first concert because he fell from a stage and seating structure. Credits. These are the people listed in the Kate Bush Tour programme sold at the concerts. Performers Production Audiovisuals Tour management
Christian Parker (born 9 July 1968) is an American musician, songwriter, record artist and guitarist. He creates music in the genres of folk, country rock, and cosmic American. His songs explore various topics, including challenges, achievements, and the relationships between people. He is also a member of the band , based in  Biography. Parker was born on 9 July 1968, and grew up in , New York, near the Canadian border. He developed a passion for music at a young age and became skilled at playing the guitar and writing songs while in school. At 12 years old, he started taking guitar lessons.  In 1986, at the age of 17, Parker released his first album, "Reflections of Tomorrow". Four years later, in 1990, he worked with Peter Pendras, the guitarist of the country band , to release his second album, "Through The Darkness". In 2007, Parker worked with musician Barb Heller to release his fourth album, "Now &amp; Then". In 2022, he released "Every Passing Mile" in collaboration with musician under SubCat Records. The album consisted of 13 songs, most of which were written by Parker. It also included the opening track "Cast a Line", which he co-wrote with Peter Pendras during the initial period of the COVID-19 lockdown. That same year, Parker released his sixth album, "Best Kept Secret", which featured previously unreleased material spanning two decades. In 2023, he released his seventh album, "Sweethearts: A Tribute To The Byrds 'Sweetheart of the Rodeo'". This album showcased Parker's modern country interpretations of all 11 tracks from the original 1968 by the American folk rock band The Byrds. In addition to the original songs, Parker included three more tracks on the album: "I Still Miss Something" by Johnny Cash, "Satisfied Mind" by Joe Hayes and , and "Drugstore Truck Driving Man" by and . Parker said that the album is "our tribute to the 1968 classic". Notably, , who played on the original 1968 album, is
Snake is a type of action video game where the player controls a growing line that looks like a snake. The goal is to avoid hitting obstacles and the snake's own body as it gets longer. This game originated in 1976 as a two-player arcade game called "Blockade". The objective was to survive longer than the other player. Later, a single-player version was created where the snake grows longer by eating food like apples or eggs. Snake games are popular because they are simple and don't require advanced technology.  There are many versions of snake games available for different platforms, some with "snake" or "worm" in the title. The popularity of snake games increased when a version called "Snake" was preloaded on Nokia mobile phones in 1998, reaching a larger audience.
A referendum on splitting from the Gilbert Islands was held in the Ellice Islands (which were together as the Gilbert and Ellice Islands at the time) between July and September 1974. It started in July in Tarawa in the Gilbert Islands before being taken to every person who lived in the Ellice Islands. The result was 93% of voters deciding to split the colony, with a voter turnout of 88%. In October 1975, the islands were officially split into two colonies. Four years after the referendum, the islands became the country of Tuvalu, while the Gilbert Islands became Kiribati. Background. The 8 representatives of the Ellice Islands were concerned about the Gilbert Islands being the more powerful part of the territory. They had an inquiry held by the British representative Leslie Monson. The British government let them have the referendum. Before the referendum, the British government said that if the colony split, the Ellice Islands would not get any of the Gilberts' phosphate revenues from Ocean Island and that the assets of the GEIC outside the Ellice Islands would be owned by the Gilbert Islands. However, all prominent Ellice Islands politicians except Isakala Paeniu still wanted to split. Results. The referendum had two options:
Trndez, also known as Tyarnndarach and Candlemas Day, is a special event in the Armenian Apostolic Church and Armenian Catholic Churches. It takes place 40 days after the birth of Jesus. The two churches celebrate Trndez on different days, either on the 13th of February (with celebrations on the eve of the 14th) or on the 2nd of February. Trndez has its roots in Zoroastrian traditions and was originally associated with sun and fire worship in ancient Armenia before the arrival of Christianity. It symbolized the arrival of spring and fertility. After the adoption of Christianity, the holiday took on a new meaning, representing eternal and strong love. It is believed that if a couple jumps over a bonfire while holding hands, their love and bond will last forever. Another belief is that jumping over the bonfire can cure illnesses and purify sinners. Some also think that an infertile woman can become fertile by jumping over the bonfire. Although Trndez has its origins in Hellenistic culture, it has evolved into a Christian holiday over time. The alternative name, Tyarnndarach, translates to "towards the God" in Armenian. Even today, Trndez is widely celebrated by Armenians and the Armenian Apostolic Church.
Destiny Chukunyere (born 29 August 2002), known mononymously as Destiny, is a Maltese-Nigerian singer. She has competed in various competitions.  She won the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2015 representing Malta. She was a contestant on "Britain's Got Talent" 2017 and in 2020 she won "The X Factor Malta". Destiny represented Malta at the Eurovision Song Contest 2021 with the song "Je me casse". She came in seventh place.
Irina Khechanovi (born 3 December 2000), known by her stage name Iru, is a Georgian singer. She was a member of the girlband Candy, who won the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2011. Iru later represented Georgia at the Eurovision Song Contest 2023 with the song "Echo". She placed 12th in the second semi-final and did not qualify for the final.
Patrick Timothy McHenry (born October 22, 1975) is an American politician. He became the U.S. representative for in 2005. He is a member of the Republican Party. McHenry became Speaker "pro tempore" of the United States House of Representatives in October 3, 2023, after the removal of Kevin McCarthy from the role. McHenry was a House Republican chief deputy whip from 2014 to 2019, ranking member of the House Financial Services Committee from 2019 to 2023, and chair of the House Financial Services Committee since 2023. In December 2023, McHenry announced that he would not seek reelection in 2024.
Abdul Latif Rashid (; born 10 August 1944), also known as Latif Rashid () is an Iraqi Kurdish politician. He became the 9th President of Iraq in 2022. He defeated incumbent President Barham Salih in the 2022 presidential election.  Biography. Education and Professional Career Abdel Latif Rachid, born in 1944 in Souleimaniye, is of Kurdish origin. He's an active member of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK), led by former President Jalal Talabani, who is also his brother-in-law. Rachid studied in a British A-Levels high school in North Wales. He holds a Bachelor of Science in civil engineering from the University of Liverpool (1968) and earned a Master of Science (1972) and a Ph.D. (1976) in engineering from the University of Manchester. Rachid is a certified engineer and a member of the Institution of Civil Engineering and the International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage (ICID). He worked as an independent consultant on irrigation and drainage projects and collaborated with the Water Engineering Administration. He has been involved in various engineering, agricultural development, and Kurdish and Iraqi leadership programs and organizations. Previously, he worked as a senior project manager for the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (UNFAO) in Yemen and Saudi Arabia. Since 1986, he has served as the representative of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan in the United Kingdom and as the spokesperson for the Kurdistan Front. He is married to Chanaz Ibrahim Ahmed and has two sons and a daughter. Political Career. In 1992, Rachid was elected Vice President and an executive member of the Iraqi National Congress (INC), and in 1998, he was elected to the INC's board. As the Minister of Water Resources from September 2003 to December 2010, Rachid managed various portfolios, including irrigation, municipal and industrial water supply, hydroelectricity, flood control, environmental requirements, and marshland restoration. After the overthrow of Saddam Hussein's regime in April 2004, the Minister oversaw significant improvements in the country's water resource management. In addition to his technical