ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Marie Jean Pierre Flourens (13 April 1794 – 6 December 1867) proved that the effects of "the mind" were caused by the brain, not the heart. He was a French physiologist, the founder of experimental brain science and a pioneer in anesthesia. He use brain surgery on animals, and studied their effects. His kind of surgery is called "ablative surgery": in most cases ablative brain surgery does not mean removing brain tissue, but rather destroying tissue and leaving it in place. In 1825, Flourens pioneered the experimental method of ablating parts of the brain in living rabbits and pigeons. He carefully observed their effects. His intention was to find out whether different parts of the brain had different functions. Flourens was able to show for the first time that the main parts of the brain were responsible for largely different functions. By removing the cerebral hemispheres, for instance, all perceptions, voluntary action, and judgment were abolished. The removal of the cerebellum affected the animal's equilibrium and motor coordination, while the destruction of the brainstem (medulla oblongata) caused death. These experiments led Flourens to conclude that:
A packaged terminal air conditioner (PTAC) is a kind of self-contained heating and air conditioning system. It is commonly found in hotels, motels, senior housing facilities, hospitals, condominiums, apartment buildings, add-on rooms &amp; sunrooms. Many PTACs are designed to be installed in a wall. They have vents and heat sinks both inside and outside. Different standard dimensions are found in the market including 42×16 inches, 36x15 inches, and 40x15 inches. The older units usually use mechanical control with mechanical push buttons to select the mode of operation and fan speed control. Another rotary knob is used to set the desired temperature of the unit. This was the most cost-effective and simplest method of control in the past. The development and the reduction in the cost of electronic controls have enabled manufacturers to implement electronic control touchpad that comes with remote control. Some of the electronic controls that have been built into the system including a timer control where you will be able to set when to ON or OFF the unit, Mode control is operated by pushing the same button to select the mode of operation. Temperature setting is displayed by the use of 7 segment display and buttons used to change the settings. Energy-saving features such as sleep or economizer functions where the set temperature will be automatically adjusted according to the duration that has elapsed. History. The first practical packaged terminal air conditioner was invented by engineers at Chrysler Motors.
In the parliamentary systems of government, primary legislation and secondary legislation are two forms of law. Primary legislation consists of Acts of Parliament or statute. Secondary legislation (also called delegated legislation) is the granting of additional law-making powers to another branch of government by an Act or statute. In the European Union, primary and secondary legislation are two of the three processes of law. The third is supplementary law which includes International law and covers any gaps between primary and secondary legislation. Primary legislations. In parliamentary systems, there are three branches of government—executive, legislative and judicial. When a parliament makes a law, called an , it is ing on the other two branches of government. Acts are made by a majority vote of the legislature. The exact process differs in different parliamentary systems. In a bicameral (two-chamber) system there is usually a lower house (such as the House of Commons in the UK) and an upper house (such as the House of Lords). A new law starts out as a bill, usually in the lower house. It must pass both houses before it can become an act. Other systems use a unicameral or one-chamber legislation. In either system, an act becomes the law. Judges and the courts have little authority to challenge the validity of a law. In the United States, primary legislation is, at the federal level, an Act of Congress. A statute that s authority or responsibility to an agency is called an "authorizing statute." A law created by the executive branch of the United States Government or that of a state government as the result of primary legislation is called a regulatory law. Secondary legislation. Secondary (also called subordinate) legislation is all other forms of legislation that are not Acts of Parliament. It is very similar to administrative law in the United States. The legislative branch of governments often delegates power to allow ministers to make secondary legislation. Secondary legislation also includes s, s and decisions by s or s. Most Acts of Parliament in the UK contain s to allow secondary legislation.  The two types of secondary legislation are delegated legislation and prerogative legislation.
A statute is a written law passed by a state or federal legislature that creates a rule or . Statutes (also called legal codes) provide the authority for other laws. Many state and federal agencies, such as the IRS, EPA and state Secretaries of State may issue regulations for the areas of the law they cover. A statute usually commands something, prohibits something or declares something to be policy. When there is a dispute over the meaning of a statute, a state or federal court may issue a judgment that s the statute more clearly. When this happens it also becomes case law. Before a statute becomes law in some countries, it must be agreed upon by the highest executive in the government. Then it is published as part of a legal code. In many countries, statutes are organized (or codified) for a particular jurisdiction. In many nations statutory law is distinguished from and is to constitutional law.
Androula Christofidou Henriques (born 1936) is an activist from Cyprus. In 2010 she received the International Women of Courage Award. Work. Henriques started "Cyprus Stop Trafficking", a group to fight human trafficking. She became the president of the group. She also worked to get the government of Cyprus to stop human trafficking. In 2008, Cyprus Stop Trafficking had a conference in Cyprus to help stop human trafficking. There were speakers from the United States and the European Union. There were also people from the National Police, the House of Representatives, the Attorney General's Office, the Turkish-Cypriot community, several NGOs, and many journalists.
Solange Pierre or Sonia Pierre, (1963 – December 4, 2011), was a human rights activist in the Dominican Republic. She worked to end "antihaitianismo", which is discrimination against people of Haitian origin either born in Haiti or in the Dominican Republic. For this work, she won the 2006 Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights Award. In 2010 she received the International Women of Courage Award from the United States Department of State. Life. Pierre was born in Villa Altagracia, San Cristóbal, Dominican Republic, in 1963. Her parents were from Haiti. Her mother came to the Dominican Republic in 1957 with a temporary work permit. Her father came to the Dominican territory illegally). There were twelve children in Pierre's family The family lived in a migrant worker camp. The name of the camp is "batey". Many people from Haiti live here. Pierre's birth certificate said her name was Solain Pie. Pierre said that was a mistake by a government clerk." On December 4, 2011, Pierre died at the age of 48. She had a heart attack on the way to the hospital in Villa Altagracia. Work. At the age of 14, Pierre started a protest by sugar cane workers. Pierre went to jail, but the protest received some attention. After the protest, the workers got better tools and more money.  Pierre worked as director of the non-governmental organization Movement for Dominican Women of Haitian Descent (MUDHA). The goal of the group is to stop "antihaitianism", or discrimination against people from Haiti in the Dominican Republic. In 2005, Pierre went to the Inter-American Court of Human Rights in the case of two ethnic Haitian children who did not receive Dominican birth certificates. The name of the case was "Yean and Bosico v. Dominican Republic". The court told the Dominican government to give birth certificates to the children. However, later, the Dominican Supreme Court later said the Haitian workers were 'in transit,' so their children could not be citizens. "
Jonah Tali Lomu (12 May 1975 – 18 November 2015) was a New Zealand rugby union player. He had sixty-three caps as an All Black after debuting in 1994. He was thought to be as the first true global superstar of rugby union. He had a huge impact on the game. He was inducted into the International Rugby Hall of Fame on 9 October 2007, and the IRB Hall of Fame on 24 October 2011. He played for several domestic teams, in the Super Rugby, NPC and later the Magners League competitions. These included the Auckland Blues, Chiefs and Hurricanes, and Counties Manukau, Wellington and later North Harbour and Cardiff Blues. He made a comeback after undergoing a kidney transplant in 2004. Lomu died suddenly of kidney failure in Auckland, New Zealand, aged 40.
Saeed Jaffrey, OBE (Punjabi: ਸਈਦ ਜਾਫ਼ਰੀ, Urdu: ; ; 8 January 1929 – 15 November 2015) was an Indian-born British actor. He appeared on radio, stage, television and movie. He was known for his roles in "The Man Who Would Be King", "Shatranj Ke Khilari", and in "My Beautiful Laundrette". Jaffrey died at a hospital in London on 14 November 2015, having recently collapsed at his home and suffered a brain hemorrhage, aged 86.
Ferdinando "Nando" Gazzolo (16 October 1928 – 16 November 2015) was an Italian actor and voice actor. He was born in Savona, Italy. Gazzolo was known for his roles in "West and Soda" (1965), "He Who Shoots First" (1966) and "La ragione degli altri" (1965). Gazzolo died in Nepi, Italy from complications of pneumonia at the age of 87.
Dora Doll (19 May 1922 – 15 November 2015) was a French actress. She was born Dorothea Hermina Feinberg in Berlin. She was known for her roles in "Manon", "French Cancan" and in "Julia". Doll died in Gard, France from complications of Alzheimer's disease, aged 93.
Edwin Jacob "Jake" Garn (born October 12, 1932) is an American politician. He is a member of the Republican Party. He served as a U.S. Senator representing Utah from 1974 to 1993. Garn became the first sitting member of the United States Congress to fly in space when he flew aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery as a Payload Specialist during NASA mission STS-51-D (April 12–19, 1985).
Robert Foster "Bob" Bennett (September 18, 1933 – May 4, 2016) was an American politician. He is the former United States Senator from Utah serving from January 3, 1993 through January 3, 2011. He was a member of the Republican Party. Bennett held chairmanships and senior positions on a number of key Senate committees, including the Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs Committee, Appropriations Committee, Rules and Administration Committee, Energy and Natural Resources Committee, and Joint Economic Committee. Bennett was a popular conservative senator for most of his tenure, earning high ratings from conservative activist groups such as the National Rifle Association of America, U.S. Chamber of Commerce, and American Conservative Union. However, in 2010 Bennett became one of the most prominent targets of the Tea Party Movement, which criticized his support of George W. Bush. Bennett died on May 4, 2016 at his home Arlington, Virginia after suffering from pancreatic cancer and a stroke. He was 82 years old.
"For Isaac Newton's book containing basic laws of physics, see Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica" The Principia Mathematica is a three-volume work on the foundations of mathematics by Alfred North Whitehead and Bertrand Russell. It was published in 1910, 1912, and 1913. In 1927, it appeared in a second edition with an important "Introduction to the second edition", and different notes at the end. It is often known as "PM". The book was an attempt to describe a set of axioms, inference rules and law of noncontradiction in symbolic logic from which all mathematical truths could in principle be proved. This ambitious project is of great importance in the history of mathematics and philosophy. The authors believed that such a project could be done. However, in 1931, Gödel's incompleteness theorem proved that "PM", and any other attempt, could never reach this goal. For any set of axioms and inference rules proposed, either the system must be inconsistent, or there must in fact be some truths of mathematics which could not be deduced from them. One of the main inspirations and motivations for "PM" was the earlier work of Gottlob Frege on logic. "PM" is not to be confused with Russell's 1903 "Principles of Mathematics". "PM" states: "The present work was originally intended by us to be ... a second volume of Principles of Mathematics... But as we advanced, it became increasingly evident that the subject is a very much larger one than we had supposed..." The Modern Library placed it 23rd in a list of the top 100 English-language nonfiction books of the twentieth century.
I Was Made to Love Her is the seventh studio album by American singer-songwriter Stevie Wonder. It was released on August 28th, 1967 under Tamla Records. Wonder also released another album in 1967, a Christmas album called "Someday at Christmas". Track listing. Side One Side Two
Someday at Christmas is a Christmas album and the eighth studio album by Stevie Wonder. It was released on November 27, 1967 under Tamla. It was his second album to be released in 1967. It followed "I Was Made to Love Her". Track listing. 2003 20th Century Masters bonus tracks. (Both first appeared on the CD collection, "Christmas in the City").
My Cherie Amour is the eleventh studio album by American singer-songwriter Stevie Wonder. It was released on the Tamla label on August 29, 1969. It was his only album to be released in 1969. The next two albums released in 1970 would be recorded live. Track listing. Side One Side Two
A court order (or order) is a formal written direction by a member of the judiciary. It directs a party to do something. It can also be an order not to do something, as in an injunction.  An order can be as simple as setting a date for trial. They can also be involving many details. It may be a final order (one that concludes the court action), or an order (one during the action). Most orders are written, and are signed by the judge. Some orders, however, are spoken orally by the judge in open court, and are only reduced to writing in the transcript of the proceedings. Examples. The following represents a small sampling of matters that are commonly dictated by the terms of a court order:
A party is a person or group of persons that make up a single for the purposes of the law. They are a participant in legal proceeding and have an interest in the outcome. Parties include: the plaintiff, the defendant, a petitioner or a respondent. They can also be a cross-complainant (a defendant who sues someone else in the same lawsuit) or a cross-defendant (a person sued by a cross-complainant). A person who only appears in the case as a witness is not considered a party. Courts use various terms to identify the role of a particular party in civil litigation. They usually call the party that brings a lawsuit as the plaintiff, or, in older American cases, the "party of the first part". The party against whom the case was brought as the defendant, or, in older American cases, the "party of the second part".
Sir Augustine Danger "Austin" Powers, KBE, is a fictional character from the Austin Powers series of films. The character was created by Mike Myers. Mike Myers was also the actor who played the character in the films. He is the main character of ' (1997), ' (1999) and "Austin Powers in Goldmember" (2002). He is a British spy. He likes to go to parties and he represents the hippie culture of the 1960s. This is because he and his opponent Dr. Evil, were frozen during an experiment, and they stayed frozen for many years. The series' humor follows his attempts to adjust to the modern world as he continues to try to save it from terrorism. Personality. Austin Powers was a character seen as a parody of James Bond. The character was also influenced by Harry Palmer and characters played by Peter Sellers. Development. The band Ming Tea was formed by Myers, Matthew Sweet and Susanna Hoffs during the 1990s. The band acted like a British band of the 1960s. The band members all performed under pseudonyms (fake names) with 1960s personas. Myers adopted the pseudonym and character of Austin Powers. This group made a number of live club and television performances in character. Myers' wife at the time, Robin Ruzan, encouraged him to write a film based on Austin Powers. Obituaries of Simon Dee (1935–2009), the radio and television presenter, claimed that the character of Austin Powers was inspired by Dee's "Sixties grooviness". Mike Myers has stated that the "Austin Powers" character was based on his own father. Other media. Video Games: Austin Powers, Austin Powers Pinball, Austin Powers: Welcome to my Underground Lair, Austin Powers: Oh Behave!, and Austin Powers: Operation Trivia. In popular culture. In 2010, Austin Powers was voted #23 in "Entertainment Weekly"'s list "The 100 greatest characters of the last 20 years."
Michael C. Gross (October 4, 1945 – November 16, 2015) was an American artist, designer, and movie producer. From 1970 to 1974 he art-directed "National Lampoon" magazine, and subsequently co-ran a design company.  In 1980 he started working in Hollywood. He is perhaps best remembered for designing the logo for the movie "Ghostbusters", which was one of 11 movies on which he served as producer or executive producer. Gross died on November 16, 2015 in Oceanside, California from cancer at the age of 70.
Rahim Moeini Kermanshahi (, February 6, 1926 – November 17, 2015) was an Iranian poet and lyricist. He was one of the pioneering songwriters in the history of Persian traditional music. He was born in Kermanshah, Iran. During his 60 years dedication to Persian literature and poetry he published over 20 books and wrote the lyrics of about 500 songs. Kermanshahi died at the age of 89 at a hospital in Tehran, Iran
David Padilla Arancibia (August 13, 1927 – September 25, 2016) was a Bolivian politician and military general. He was the former de facto president of Bolivia. He ruled his country from November 1978 to August 1979. Padilla died in La Paz on 25 September 2016, at the age of 89.
Walter Buser (14 April 1926 – 17 August 2019) was a Swiss politician from the Social Democratic Party of Switzerland (SDP). He was born in Lausen, Switzerland. He defeated his opponents and became the first Social Democratic Chancellor of Switzerland serving from 1981 until his resignation in 1991. Buser died on 17 August 2019 at the age of 93.
Aaron Abraham Shikler (March 18, 1922 – November 12, 2015) was an American artist. He was known for his portraits of American statesmen and celebrities like Jane Engelhard and Sister Parish. He was mainly known for painting the official White House portraits of John F. Kennedy and Nancy Reagan. Shikler was born in Brooklyn, New York City. Shikler died in Manhattan, New York City from renal failure, aged 93.
Murray Albert Olmstead (September 4, 1926 – November 16, 2015) was a Canadian professional ice hockey left winger. He played for the Montreal Canadiens, Chicago Black Hawks and Toronto Maple Leafs in the National Hockey League (NHL).  Early life. Olmstead was born in a small town called Sceptre in Saskatchewan on September 4, 1926. in 1944, when he was 18, he moved to Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, to play junior hockey. Career. Olmstead began his career with the Black Hawks in 1949. In December 1950, he was traded to the Montreal Canadiens via Detroit. Olmstead had his best statistical years playing for Montreal, leading the league in assists in 1954–55 with 48, and setting a league record for assists with 56 the following season. Olmstead was claimed in an Intra-League Draft by Toronto Maple Leafs in 1958, and played there until his retirement in 1962.  In the 1967–68 season, Olmstead served as coach of the expansion Oakland Seals. Olmstead played in the Stanley Cup final in 11 of his 14 seasons in the NHL, winning it five times. He won it four times with Montreal, in 1953, and from 1956 to 1958, and once with Toronto, in 1962, which was his last season. He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1985. Death. Olmstead died at his home in High River, Alberta on November 16, 2015, due to complications after suffering a stroke. aged 89.
Sason ( "Sasun"; from ; formerly known as Sasun or Sassoun) is a district in the Batman Province of Turkey. It was formerly part of the sanjak of Siirt, which was in Diyarbakır vilayet until 1880. It was in Bitlis Vilayet in 1892. Later it became part of Muş sanjak in Bitlis vilayet. Sason remained part of Muş until 1927. It was one of the districts of Siirt province until 1993. The boundaries of the district varied considerably in time. The current borders are not the same as in the 19th century. This is when the district of Sasun was situated more to the north (mostly territory now included in the central district of Muş). Sasun, as it is called by Armenians, holds a prominent role in Armenian culture and history. It is the setting of "Daredevils of Sassoun", Armenia's national epic. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries it was a major location of Armenian "fedayi" activities, who staged two uprisings against the Ottoman authorities. They rebelled against the Kurdish tribes in 1894 and 1904. History. Historically the area was known as "Sasun", part of the historical Armenian Highland. Sasun was in the Arzanene province of the ancient Armenian Kingdom. Later the region was ruled by the Mamikonian dynasty from around 772 until 1189/1190. This is when the Mamikonians moved to Cilicia after being forced out by Shah-Armen. The Ottoman period. The region was eventually conquered by the Ottoman Empire, becoming part of the sanjak of Muş in Bitlis Vilayet, and continued to hold a substantial population of Armenians. During this period, Sason was a federation of some forty Armenian villages, whose inhabitants were known as Sasuntsis (). Surrounded by fierce Kurdish tribes to whom they were often forced to pay tribute, the Sasuntsis were able to maintain an autonomy free of Turkish rule until the end of the 19th century when the Kurds themselves were finally
Muş Province () is a province in eastern Turkey. It is 8,196 km² in area, and has a population of 406,886 according to a 2010 estimate. The population was 453,654 in 2000. The provincial capital is the city of Muş. Another town in Muş province, Malazgirt ("Manzikert"), is famous for the Battle of Manzikert of 1071. The majority of the province's population is Kurdish. Districts. Muş province is divided into 6 districts (capital district in bold):
Signed, Sealed &amp; Delivered is the twelfth studio album by American recording artist Stevie Wonder. It was released on August 7, 1970, by Tamla. It was also Wonder's third album to be released in 1970 as he had already released two live albums earlier on in the year. Track listing. Side One Side Two
Where I'm Coming From is the thirteenth album by Stevie Wonder. The album was released by Motown Records on April 12, 1971. It was his only album to be released in 1971 as "Music of My Mind" was released in 1972. Track listing. All songs written by Stevie Wonder and Syreeta Wright