ejaasaari/simplewiki-2025-04-01 huggingface dataset:
Endosperm is a food reserve tissue inside the seeds of most flowering plants. It surrounds the embryo and provides nutrition in the form of starch. It may also have oils and protein. The endosperm of cereal plants can be a source of energy for humans. Wheat endosperm is ground into flour for bread. With whole wheat bread the bran (cover of seed) and the germ is also in the flour. Barley endosperm is the main source for beer production. Other examples of edible endosperms are coconut 'meat' and coconut 'water', and corn, including popcorn. Some plants, like the orchids, lack endosperm in their seeds. Origin of endosperm. Primitive (basal) flowering plants have seeds with small embryos and big endosperms. The evolutionary development of flowering plants tends to show a trend towards plants with seeds with little or no endosperm. In more derived flowering plants the embryo occupies most of the seed and the endosperm is not developed or consumed before the seed matures. In these plants, the cotyledons contain the food reserve. Double fertilization. Endosperm is formed when the two sperm nuclei inside a pollen grain reach the inside of an ovule or embryo sac. One sperm nucleus fertilizes the egg, forming a zygote, while the other sperm nucleus usually fuses with the two polar nuclei at the center of the embryo sac. This makes the first endosperm cell, which develops into the endosperm. Because it is formed by a separate fertilization, the endosperm is an organism distinct from the embryo (though placed next to it in the seed). About 70% of angiosperm species have endosperm cells that are polyploid. These are typically triploid (containing three sets of chromosomes) but can vary widely from diploid (2n) to 15n.
Wet 'n Wild Orlando was a water park in Orlando, Florida. It was founded by Sea World creator George Millay on March 13, 1977. Wet 'n Wild Orlando is the first major water park in the United States. Millay won the Lifetime Achievement Award from the World Waterpark Association. They later named him "Father of the waterpark". The water park has 8 single-person rides, 6 multi-person rides, 1 kids park (a miniature version of all the rides in the park), and 3 other activities (lazy river, volleyball, and surfing). It was announced on June 17, 2015 that the park would permanently close on December 31, 2016. It was replaced by Volcano Bay in 2017.
was a Japanese writer, poet, playwright, actor and film director. One of his close friends was Yasunari Kawabata. On November 25, 1970, he tried to make a coup d'état for military force but in vain and killed himself via seppuku. Early life. Mishima studied at the elite . When he was child, he stuttered. In 1941, Mishima wrote his first notable story. In , he described a feeling that his ancestors lived within him. Mishima graduated from the University of Tokyo in 1947. Career. Mishima worked in the Japanese Ministry of Finance. At the same time, he was writing. In 1949, he published his first major novel, "Confessions of a mask." Selected works. In a summary based on writings by and about Yukio Mishima, OCLC/WorldCat lists roughly 1,700+ works in 4,400+ publications in 40+ languages and 56,600+ library holdings.  "This list is not finished; you can help Wikipedia by adding to it."
, also lnown as , was a Japanese actor and playwright.  Career. His career in Noh theater was supported by Ashikaga Yoshimitsu. After Yoshimitsu's death, the later Ashikaga shoguns were less supportive. Sado Island. In 1434, Zeami was exiled to Sado Island. He returned only a few years before his death. Selected works. In a summary based on writings by and about Zeami, OCLC/WorldCat lists roughly 1,700+ works in 4,400+ publications in 40+ languages and 56,600+ library holdings.   "This list is not finished; you can help Wikipedia by adding to it."
Hylidae is a family of tree frogs. Some of the Hylids are semi-aquatic, and others are terrestrial frogs. Characteristics. Most hylids have forward-facing eyes that gives them binocular vision. These hylids are arboreal species, meaning they live in trees. Non-arboreal species do not have any of these advantages. The "Cyclorana" species are burrowing frogs. They spend most of their time underground. Hylids will eat insects and other invertebrates. Larger species can eat small vertebrates. Hylids lay their eggs in ponds. Some lay their eggs in puddles that in holes inside trees. Others lay their eggs on plants, if water is near. The tadpoles will drop from the plants and into the pond when they hatch. In South America, female hylids carry the eggs on their backs until they hatch. Species. The European tree frog ("Hyla arborea") lives in middle and Southern Europe. They can also be found in Asia and North Africa. These species are noisy during rainstorms. Many Hylidae live in North America, for example "Hyla versicolor" (Grey Tree Frog) and "Hyla cinerea" (American Green Tree Frog). The spring peeper ("Pseudacris crucifer") can also be found in the eastern United States. The spring peeper makes loud noises during the spring and summer. The word "tree frog" is a popular term for many Hylidae. For example, "Hyla versicolor" is the name of the changeable tree frog, "Trachycephalus lichenatus" is the name of the lichened tree frog, and "Trachycephalus marmoratus" is the marbled tree frog. However, the name "tree frog" is not unique to this family. "Tree frog" is used more often for many species in Rhacophoridae. Taxonomy. The Hylidae family is divided into the following subfamilies and genera:
Frugality is a quality of spending money very carefully and in limited amounts. This decision can be made for various reasons. Some reasons include: to save money, to make costs smaller, and to get the most possible value from purchases.  Examples. Some ways to try to be frugal could be to make less waste, stop doing things (such as travel or entertainment) with high costs, control one's spending desires, get all the use out of an item before replacing it, and disagree with customs that have high costs. More ways could include using zero-cost choices, bartering (trading without money), and having a good knowledge of prices.  Some people will use a discount store to find low-cost things. Some will buy things used by other people in thrift stores, garage sales, flea markets, or from classified advertising in a newspaper or on the internet from a site similar to Craigslist.  Philosophy. Frugality in some philosophies is when a person does not agree with experts who say they know what is good for everybody. This is a special use of the word for philosophers.  Many religions think frugality is important and good. The Quakers and Puritans are two examples of Christian religions that put high value on frugality. The base of this idea is that people should store money to use when any person (not only friends) needs help.  Environmentalists think that being frugal is good. They think because ancient humans did not need many things and were able to get happiness from nature, it is more natural to be frugal than to agree with the customs of modern living.
Tineidae (or clothes moth) is a family of moths. They are known as fungus moths or tineid moths.  There are more than 3,000 species in over 300 genera. Most of the tineid moths are small or medium-sized. They have wings. They are common in the Palaearctic. Others found elsewhere were introduced Tineids eat living plants, fungi, lichens, and detritus. The best-known members of the family are the clothes moths. They eat stored fabrics. The most widespread species are the common clothes moth ("Tineola bisselliella"), the case-bearing clothes moth ("Tinea pellionella") and the carpet moth ("Trichophaga tapetzella"). The brown-dotted clothes moths ("Niditinea fuscella") feeds on feathers in a bird's nest. The genus "Ceratophaga", feeds on dead animals such as mammals and the shells of dead tortoises.
Tanisha Thomas (born on August 28, 1985 in Brooklyn, New York) is an American reality television participant. She first appeared on the Oxygen show "Bad Girls Club" in 2008. She was on the second season to become a role model for young women and change her bad behavior. She became a fan favorite for her catchphrase "Pop Off!". After the show was done airing, Thomas was called the "godmother" to all "bad girls". Thomas later hosted the spin-off dating game show "" starting with its second season in 2011. She also competed on the VH1 show "Celebrity Fit Club: Boot Camp 2". Thomas was on the show to loose weight. Her team the "blue team" won and took home $17,500 each. A year later, Thomas was given her own show on Oxygen. It was called "Tanisha Gets Married". The show was about Thomas' and her fiancee s journey on planning their wedding. It aired in May 2012 and beat all the key demos of Oxygen that were set in April 2012. Thomas along with her ex-husband appeared on first season of the show Marriage Boot Camp, which aired on May 30, 2014. Personal life. She has a son, born in 2018 with her fiancé Carey St. Hilaire.
Wide Sargasso Sea is a 1993 erotic drama movie in which Rachel Ward, Karina Lombard and Naomi Watts star. "Wide Sargasso Sea" is rated NC-17 because of sexual content. It is based on the 1966 Jean Rhys book of the same name. The movie is about love and lust in 1840s Jamaica, shortly after Britain freed the slaves in its Caribbean colonies. The movie received mixed reviews from critics. Roger Ebert gave the movie three and a half stars.
Alejo Carpentier y Valmont (December 26, 1904 – April 24, 1980) was a Cuban novelist, essayist, and musicologist. He greatly influenced Latin American literature during its famous "boom" period. Born in Lausanne, Switzerland, Carpentier grew up in Havana, Cuba and Paris. Carpentier always said he was Cuban. He traveled a lot, mostly in France, and to Mexico. He sided with revolutionary movements, such as Fidel Castro's Communist Revolution in Cuba in the mid-century. Carpentier was jailed and exiled for his leftist political philosophies. Carpentier studied and understood music. He wrote a book "La música en Cuba" in the music of Cuba. He put in musical themes and literary techniques in his writing. Although Carpentier wrote many types of writing, such as journalism, radio drama, playwrighting, academic essays, opera and libretto, he is best known for his novels. He was among the first to use magical realism. He explored the fantastic quality of Latin American history and culture.  Carpentier's writing style used the Baroque style which had become popular again. It was called "New World Baroque". It was a style that Latin American artists took from the European model. Carpentier also brought the Surrealist theory to Latin American literature. Carpentier had parts of Latin American political history, music, social injustice and art in his writings. His writing influenced younger Latin American and Cuban writers like Lisandro Otero, Leonardo Padura and Fernando Velázquez Medina. Carpentier died of cancer in Paris in 1980. He was buried in Havana's Colon Cemetery. Major works. Carpentier's major works include:
Sean Justin Penn (born August 17, 1960) is an American actor, screenwriter, movie director, producer and activist. Penn won an Academy Award and Golden Globe Award for Mystic River and an Academy Award for "Milk" (movie). Penn was married to Madonna from 1985 until they divorced in 1989. He and Robin Wright had a daughter in 1991 and a son in 1993. The couple married in 1996 and divorced in 2010. As of February 24, 2022, Penn was in Ukraine doing (or filming) a documentary movie about the ongoing 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. Penn went to press briefings in Kyiv, met with the president and other officials and spoke to journalists and military personnel about the Russian invasion; By March 2, he had left the country. Early life. Penn was born in Los Angeles, California, the middle son of actor Leo Penn (1921-1998) and actress Eileen Ryan (born 1928). His brothers are musician Michael Penn (born 1958) and actor Chris Penn (1965-2006). Filmography. Penn has starred in many movies, including: "Taps", "Fast Times at Ridgemont High", "Colors", "Casualties of War", "We're No Angels", "Carlito's Way", "Dead Man Walking", "U Turn", "The Game", "The Thin Red Line", "Being John Malkovich", "The Weight of Water", "I Am Sam", "Mystic River", "21 Grams", "The Assassination of Richard Nixon", "The Interpreter", "All the King's Men", "Persepolis", "Milk", "Fair Game", "The Tree of Life" and "This Must Be the Place".
Alice Malsenior Walker (born February 9, 1944) is an American author, poet, and activist. She has written both fiction and essays about race and gender. She is best known for the novel "The Color Purple" (1982). She won the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize for the novel. Early life. Walker is an African American who was born in Eatonton, Georgia. She is the youngest of eight children. Her parents were Willie Lee Walker and Minnie Lou Tallulah Grant. Her father, who was, in her words, "wonderful at math but a terrible farmer," earned only $300 a year from sharecropping and dairy farming. Her mother added to the family income by working as a maid. She worked 11 hours a day for USD $17 per week to help pay for Alice to attend college. In 1952, Walker was accidentally hit in the right eye by a BB gun fired by one of her brothers. Because the family had no car, the Walkers could not take their daughter to a hospital for immediate help. By the time they reached a doctor a week later, she had become permanently blind in that eye. When a layer of scar tissue formed over her wounded eye, Alice became self-conscious and painfully shy. She felt like an outcast and turned for comfort to reading and to writing poetry. When she was 14, the scar tissue was removed. She later became valedictorian and was voted most-popular girl, as well as queen of her senior class. After high school, Walker went to Spelman College in Atlanta. She later moved to Sarah Lawrence College near New York City, graduating in 1965. Walker became interested in the U.S. civil rights movement. This was partly due to the influence of activist Howard Zinn, who was one of her professors at Spelman College. Walker returned to the South where she became involved with voter registration drives, campaigns for welfare rights and children's programs in Mississippi. Activism. Alice Walker met Martin Luther King Jr. when she was a student at Spelman College. Walker credits King for her decision to return to the American South as an activist for the
Clifford Donald Simak (August 3, 1904 – April 25, 1988) was an American science fiction writer. He received three Hugo Awards and one Nebula Award. He was named the third Grand Master by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America (SFWA) in 1977. Biography. Simak was born in Millville, Wisconsin to parent's John Lewis and Margaret (Wiseman) Simak. He married Agnes Kuchenberg on April 13, 1929. They had two children, Scott and Shelley. Simak attended the University of Wisconsin–Madison. He later worked at various newspapers in the Midwest. He began to work with the "Minneapolis Star and Tribune" (in Minneapolis, Minnesota). This went from 1939 to his retirement in 1976. Writing career. Simak became interested in science fiction after reading the works of H. G. Wells as a child. He started writing for science fiction pulp magazines in 1931. The only science-fiction piece that he published between 1933 and 1937 was "The Creator" ("Marvel Tales" #4, March–April 1935). In late 1937, Simak returned to science fiction. He was a regular contributor to "Astounding Stories" during the Golden Age of Science Fiction (1938–1950). His first publications, such as "Cosmic Engineers" (1939), were in the style of the earlier superscience type. He soon made his own style, which is usually described as gentle and pastoral. During this period, Simak also published a number of war and western stories in pulp magazines. His best known novel may be "City", a collection of short stories with a common theme of mankind's eventual leaving from Earth. Simak continued to write award-nominated novels during the 1950s and 1960s. Helped by a friend, he continued writing and publishing science fiction and, later, fantasy, into his 80s.
Gerald Patrick "Jerry" Mathers (born June 2, 1948) is an American actor and writer. He played Beaver Cleaver in the sitcom television series "Leave It to Beaver". In 1998 he wrote a book called "...And Jerry Mathers as "The Beaver"". Mathers was born in Sioux City, Iowa. In 1973, Mathers went to the University of California, Berkeley, and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in philosophy. In 1981, he worked as a disc jockey at KEZY radio in Anaheim, California. Mathers was diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes in 1996.
Samuel Dashiell Hammett (May 27, 1894 – January 10, 1961) was an American author of crime fiction, a screenplay writer, and political activist. Some of the characters he created are Sam Spade ("The Maltese Falcon"), Nick and Nora Charles ("The Thin Man"), and the Continental Op ("Red Harvest" and "The Dain Curse"). In addition to the large influence his novels and stories had on film, Hammett "is now widely regarded as one of the finest mystery writers of all time". "Time" magazine included Hammett's 1929 novel "Red Harvest" on a list of the 100 best English-language novels published between 1923 and 2005. Early life. Hammett was born on a farm in St. Mary's County, in Maryland. His parents were Richard Thomas Hammett and Anne Bond Dashiell. Hammett was baptized a Catholic. He grew up in Philadelphia and Baltimore. "Sam," as he was known before he began writing, left school when he was 13 years old. He had several jobs before working for the Pinkerton National Detective Agency. He served as an operative for the Pinkertons from 1915 to February 1922. He took time off to serve in World War I. He did not like the agency's role in union strike-breaking. Hammett enlisted in the United States Army in 1918. He became ill with the Spanish flu and later got tuberculosis. He spent most of his time in the Army as a patient in Cushman Hospital, Tacoma, Washington. While there he met a nurse, Josephine Dolan, whom he later married. Marriage and family. Hammett and Dolan were married, and they had two daughters, Mary Jane (born 15 October 1921) and Josephine (born in 1926). Because of Hammett's tuberculosis, Josephine and the children could not live with him full time. Josephine rented a home in San Francisco, where Hammett would visit on weekends. The marriage soon ended. He continued to financially support his wife and daughters with the income he made from
Tony Lee Dow (April 13, 1945 – July 27, 2022) was an American actor, director, and movie producer. He played Wally Cleaver in the sitcom television series "Leave It to Beaver" from 1957 to 1963. He played the same role again in "The New Leave It to Beaver" from 1983 to 1989. He also directed several episodes of "Babylon 5". Dow was born in Hollywood, California. In May 2022, Dow was diagnosed with liver cancer. On July 26, 2022, it was reported that Dow was in his "final moments" under hospice care in Topanga, California. He died from the disease on July 27, 2022 at his home in Topanga, California at the age of 77.
The Ubangi River, also spelled Oubangui, is a river of Central Africa. It is the largest right-bank tributary of the Congo River. It begins where the Mbomou and Uele Rivers come together. It flows west, then bends to the southwest and passes through Bangui. Then the river flows south to the Congo at Liranga. The Ubangi's length is about . The Ubangi's drainage basin is about . The basin includes parts of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic, and Republic of Congo.  Together with the Congo River, it important for transportation for river boats between Bangui and Brazzaville. Some people want the water from the Ubangi to go to the Chari River. The Chari River empties into Lake Chad. They say this will help with fishing and make agriculture better.
The Benue River is a river in Africa. It is the major tributary of the Niger River. The river is about 1,400 km long. People can travel on it for nearly the whole length in the summer months. It is an important transportation route in the places it flows through. It starts in the Adamawa Plateau of northern Cameroon. It flows west, and through the town of Garoua and Lagdo Reservoir, into Nigeria south of the Mandara mountains. Then it goes through Jimeta, Ibi and Makurdi before meeting the Niger at Lokoja. Large tributaries are the Gongola River and the Mayo Kébbi. Other tributaries are Taraba River and River Katsina Ala.
Anna Muzychuk (born 28 February 1990 in Lviv, Ukraine) is the second-rated woman chess player in the world. She earned the title of Woman Grandmaster in 2004, and the title of Grandmaster in 2012. In 2004 she became a member of the Slovenian chess federation, where she was the strongest female chess player. Her younger sister Mariya is an International master. Muzychuk has played on first board for the Slovenian team from 2004 to 2014. Since 2014 she represents the Ukrainian chess federation. In 36th Chess Olympiad, she defeated, among others, the former Women's World Chess Champion grandmaster Antoaneta Stefanova. In the 37th Chess Olympiad she helped the Slovenian women's team, seeded 17th, to finished tenth. In 2017, Muzychuk she refused to go to the World Rapid and Blitz Championships in Saudi Arabia. She said on Facebook:In a few days I am going to lose two World Champion titles – one by one. Just because I decided not to go to Saudi Arabia. Not to play by someone's rules, not to wear abaya, not to be accompanied getting outside, and altogether not to feel myself a secondary creature. Exactly one year ago I won these two titles and was about the happiest person in the chess world but this time I feel really bad. I am ready to stand for my principles and skip the event, where in five days I was expected to earn more than I do in a dozen of events combined. All that is annoying, but the most upsetting thing is that almost nobody really cares. That is a really bitter feeling, still not the one to change my opinion and my principles. The same goes for my sister Mariya – and I am really happy that we share this point of view.
"Do not confuse with mamba, which is a snake" Mambo is a word with Afro-Latin connections. Most common meanings are: The word also occurs in the title of many pieces of recorded music.
Bionics (also known as biomimetics) is the science about studying nature to create modern technology with biological method. History. The name "biomimetics" was coined by in the 1950s. The term "bionics" was coined by in August 1958. He was then working at the "Aeronautics Division" "House" at in . However, terms like biomimicry or biomimetics are more preferred in the technology world in efforts to avoid confusion between the medical term "bionics." Coincidentally, Martin Caidin used the word for his 1972 novel ', which inspired the series '. Caidin was a long-time aviation industry writer before turning to fiction full-time.  Methods. The study of bionics often emphasizes implementing a function found in nature rather than imitating biological structures. For example, in computer science, tries to model the feedback and control mechanisms that are inherent in intelligent behavior, while tries to model the intelligent function.