Original: At its greatest extent , the empire included the modern territories of Iran , Afghanistan , Pakistan , parts of Central Asia , Asia Minor , Thrace and Macedonia , much of the Black Sea coastal regions , Iraq , northern Saudi Arabia , Jordan , Israel , Lebanon , Syria , and all significant population centers of ancient Egypt as far west as Libya .
Simplified: It spanned three continents , including parts of Afghanistan and Pakistan ; parts of Central Asia , Asia Minor , Thrace ; much of the Black Sea coastal regions ; Iraq , northern Saudi Arabia , Jordan , Israel , Lebanon , Syria ; and all significant population centers of ancient Egypt as far west as Libya .