Original: 1961 & ndash ; Nuclear testing : The Soviet Union detonates the hydrogen bomb Tsar Bomba over Novaya Zemlya ; at 58 megatons of yield , it is still the largest explosive device ever detonated , nuclear or otherwise .
Simplified: 1895 - Gerhard Domagk , German doctor , won the 1939 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine , ( d. 1964 )