Original: Paul Cézanne ( ; 19 January 1839 & ndash ; 22 October 1906 ) was a French artist and Post-Impressionist painter whose work laid the foundations of the transition from the 19th century conception of artistic endeavor to a new and radically different world of art in the 20th century .
Simplified: His work helped the transition from the 19th century idea of art to the very different world of art in the 20th century .