Ghahraman GolrizGOLRIZ GHAHRAMAN (Green): Thank you Mr Speaker. I was expecting to be speaking at slot seven. Standing to speak on this bill takes me back to my work both in the criminal justice system and in child rights. It is in the youth justice system—and most New Zealanders wouldn't know this—where our international human rights record really falls. Our youth justice system commits our most persistent and clear breaches of international human rights law in that we continue to prosecute children as young as 10 as adults in our adult criminal justice system. We exclude children at 10 and 13 14 and beyond that regularly from our otherwise model youth justice system based on ad hoc standards. We continue to persist in detaining children in age-mixed facilities with older defendants and convicted criminals. None of that is conducive to bringing down the rates of offending by young people. It also ignores all of the evidence about what's best for young people what will help them to thrive what will help them to come out of a situation where offending has occurred. We know that when young people do commit offences overwhelmingly I can say it goes along with either some very recent trauma in their life or a longstanding mental health issue or longstanding abuse or neglect in their background. As a lawyer more often than not when young people are coming into conflict with the law and you're dealing with them and you look at their pre-sentence reports and their psych reports you will see all of the most harrowing things that we think of when we think of the State coming into a family's affairs and they've often been removed from their homes multiple times. They have had multiple foster care placements. They've had multiple notifications to Child Youth and Family and Oranga Tamariki for serious abuse—the kinds of things that someone from the community would get involved with the family and report them for. It is heartbreaking and the criminal justice system is very much the ambulance at the bottom of the cliff not only for adult offenders but most starkly for young people.International best practice based on evidence says that what we should be doing wherever possible is diverting children away from criminal justice processes from punitive processes because that process in and of itself will have a lasting effect and will mark that child as different. It will create indicators that will almost definitely result in them reoffending dropping out of school seeing themselves as less than as different as bad—all of the things that we don't want to do to the young people at that first moment when we can actually intervene and support them.We know that some 90 percent of young people who come into conflict with our criminal law are then diagnosed with what is described as a serious learning disability. So we've failed them through not having inclusive enough education something as simple as that as a fundamental human right. We failed because we know that young people now live in the midst of a persistent housing crisis. They've moved so much that they've become disconnected from their communities and their schooling and from healthcare. And we know that mental healthcare is not accessible here in Aotearoa yet. So this is a Government that will focus on all of those things—on providing young people with their rights with their basic rights which will mean that they will thrive that they won't continue to offend. And what we should be seeing when we do see a child come into conflict with the law is that there is trauma there and our intervention should be based on the evidence. If the evidence has told us that criminalising that child and reacting to them in a punitive way will make it worse we'll almost always—ASSISTANT SPEAKER (Adrian Rurawhe): The member's time has expired.