TITLE: Family Quality of Life during Covid-19 Pandemic
AUTHORS: Tery Setiawan, Ria Wardani, ellen.theresia

[DESCRIPTION]
This protocol describes survey procedures taken in our investigation on the relation between Covid-19 economic impact and parental stress on one hand, and the family quality of life on the other. We also tested the potential buffering effect of family resilience in moderating the relation of interest. Specifically, we conducted an online study in Indonesia in 2021 using a purposive sampling. This was done by recruiting local enumerators through our university contacts. We successfully obtained participants across the archipelago, although the size is not balanced. Further, we ran confirmatory factor analysis to test the measures' validity.      


[BEFORE_START]
This protocol is relevant for online study on Covid-19 impacts on family quality of life, especially in Indonesia.

[GUIDELINES]
All researchers who are interested in pursuing a follow-up study on this topic should consider the following points:
1. Sampling characteristics
2. Measures 

[STEPS]
SECTION: Research objective
1. Research objective and purpose

This study was conducted to investigate the relation between Covid-19 economic impact and parental stress during the pandemic on one hand, and family quality of life (FQOL) in Indonesia on the other. Specifically, we aimed to answer to what extent Covid-19 economic impact and parental stress are negatively related to the FQOL and how this relation is moderated by family resilience. For this, the study serves two purposes:
1. Empirically identifying the role Covid-19 economic impact, such as job loss and reduced income, and parental stress during the pandemic have on the quality of life among families in Indonesia. 
2. Empirically identifying the potential buffering effect of family resilience in times of adversity.
All these purposes should contribute to the extant literature in Indonesia, in which the impact of Covid-19 still relies on scattered data of unemployment trends and literature study.  

SECTION: Methods
2. Research Methods

The study is quantitative by nature and used a survey to gather the data. We will start describing the survey procedure by explaining the online survey and continue with sampling characteristics. Finally, we provide steps required for participants to participate in the study.
    First, the study was conducted from August 2021 until October 2021 in Indonesia, aiming to collect at least 300 participants. Due to Covid-19 measures, we decided to conduct an online study. This way, we aimed to include participants across the country. We built an online survey on Qualtrics platform to avoid recording unnecessary personal information of a participant, such as internet protocol (IP) address. Once we have setup the online survey, we tested out on several participants to ensure that the item formulation and the platform features are easily understood. From the testing, we had to undergo a few changes, such as item formulation on one item of family resilience and a skip-logic feature of Covid-19 economic impact item. The survey took about fifteen to twenty minutes to complete. Subsequently, we hired local enumerators from our university contacts. We required each enumerator to have at least completed research methodology courses in their respective university. These enumerators lived in Bandung, Jakarta and its vicinities, Makassar and Ambon. 
    Second, we opted for a purposive sampling strategy to gather our data. This is mainly because we foresaw a difficulty in building a bank data of potential participants. Even if we successfully attempted to do so, we would still face a great difficulty in ensuring that randomly selected participants would decide to participate or even respond to the survey invitation. Therefore, a purposive sampling was considered a best option in overcoming the Covid-19 measures and other foreseen challenges. In detail, we briefed enumerators to select the following sampling criteria: (1) a parent who lives together with their child(ren) and with or without their spouse or partner, and (2) has lived in their city of residence for at least two years. In addition, as a general rule, we also emphasized the minimum age of a participant should be 18 years old. In practice, the enumerators were informed to purposively send out a survey invitation along with the survey link to their social media groups, e.g., WhatsApp group, Facebook group, to gather participants. The link can be accessed through a laptop or desktop or Android/Apple phones. 
    Third, if a participant decided to continue by clicking the given link, they would be provided with a brief information of the study, contact persons if feeling unease when filling in the survey, sampling characteristics, and an informed consent which they had to actively respond by selecting "I agree to participate" or "I disagree to participate". If the former is selected, participants would be directed to the survey. If the latter is selected, participants would be redirected to the end of the survey.           
    There was no reward in any form given to the participants.    
SECTION: Data Confidentiality
3. Data Confidentiality

As mentioned earlier, we used Qualtrics platform to avoid collecting unnecessary personal identifiers, such as IP address and geolocation of the participants. In addition, only the authors were able to see the collected data. Enumerators were not even able to see which individuals of their social media group have responded, since they were not instructed to do any follow-up once they sent out a link. 
    For publication purposes, we deposited the dataset on Figshare platform and thus, it is publicly available. Prior to sharing, we have ensured to remove all the personal identifications that would allow tracing individual participants. The following personal information are the ones we purposively kept in the dataset: (1) Gender, (2) Age, (3) City, (4) Educational level, and (5) Marital status. All this information was necessary for the descriptive and inferential statistical analyses.