TITLE: Doering search for Xu SR 2023 malingering
AUTHORS: Michelle Doering

[DESCRIPTION]
This protocol details the Doering search for Xu SR 2023 malingering.

[GUIDELINES]

Methods section text:

The published literature was searched using strategies created by a medical librarian for the demographics of patients tested for malingering in the clinical setting. The search strategies were established using a combination of standardized terms and keywords, including but not limited to (malinger* OR feigned OR conscious simulation OR pathomimia) AND (emergency medical services OR forensic psychiatry OR hospital OR clinic) AND (diagnosis OR ill-housed OR gender OR race OR demographics OR stigma OR veteran OR substance use disorder OR data OR retrospective). The search was run on December 18, 2023 in the databases Embase.com 1947-, Ovid Medline 1946-, APA PsycInfo 1800-, Web of Science 1900-, and Proquest Dissertations and Theses Global 1997-. The search was restricted to the English language. Case studies and validation tests were excluded using a publication-type filter for each. Pediatric articles were excluded using a librarian-created filter. A total of 3434 citations were imported into Endnote. 1417 duplicates were assumed to be accurately identified and removed for a total of 2234 unique citations for screening. Full electronic search strategies are provided in the supplementary material.

Supplement:

Total: 3434
Duplicates: 1200
Unique: 2234

Results from Each Database:

APA PsycInfo: 403
Embase.com: 17 + 1018
Ovid Medline: 1157
ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global: 35
Web of Science: 804


[STEPS]
SECTION: Ovid Medline
1. 
 

exp malingering/ or Malinger*.mp. or (feign* adj4 (psychopatholog* or symptom*)).mp. or feigned.mp. or conscious-simulation.mp. or pathomimia.mp.	4136
SECTION: Ovid Medline
2. exp Emergency Medical Services/ or exp hospital emergency service/ or exp forensic psychiatry/ or emergicenter*.ti,ab. or (emergency adj3 (department* or ward* or Nurs* or physician* or medicine or accidents)).ti,ab. or ((ED or ER) adj3 (care or service* or department* or unit* or ward* or room* or center* or centre* or system* or evaluation* or assess* or visit* or Nurs* or physician* or patient* or personnel)).ti,ab. or (Clinic* or veteran* or hospital* or outpatient* or inpatient*).mp.	7522611

SECTION: Ovid Medline
3. exp Ill-Housed Persons/ or exp *Malingering/di or (Diagnos* or homeless* or Race* or racial or socioeconomic or socio-economic* or disparit* or gender* or sex-factor* or ill-housed or shelterless-person* or street-people or unhoused or vagabond or vagrant-people or Demographic* or male-patient* or female-patient* or data or predictor* or factor* or refugee* or asylum* or displaced or retrospective* or implementation or Stigma* or veteran* or prevalence or biased or presumption or drug-seeking or Substance-Use-Disorder* or substance-Related-Disorder* or Drug-Use-Disorder* or Substance-Abuse* or Substance-Dependence* or Substance-Addiction or Chemical-Dependence* or Drug-Dependence* or Drug-Addiction or Prescription-Drug-Abuse or Substance-Use or Substance-Uses or Drug-Abuse or Drug-Habituation or narcotic-dependence or drug-misuse).mp. or Substance-related disorders/ or exp Amphetamine-Related Disorders/ or exp Narcotic-Related Disorders/ or exp Phencyclidine Abuse/ or exp intravenous Substance Abuse/ or exp Oral Substance Abuse/ or ((narcotic* or opioid* or heroin or morphine or opiate) adj2 (addict* or abuse or dependen*)).mp. or comorbid*.ti. or (compassion* adj2 treat*).mp.	16374723

SECTION: Ovid Medline
4. 1 and 2 and 3	1578
SECTION: Ovid Medline
5. 4 not (exp child/ not (exp child/ and exp adult/))	1524

SECTION: Ovid Medline
6. 5 not (case reports or validation study).pt.	1225

SECTION: Ovid Medline
7. limit 6 to english language	1157 

SECTION: Embase.com
8. 
 

‘malingering’/exp or Malinger*:ti,ab,kw,de or (feign* near/4 (psychopatholog* or symptom*)):ti,ab,kw,de or conscious-simulation:ti,ab,kw,de or pathomimia:ti,ab,kw,de	
SECTION: Embase.com
9. 'emergency health service'/exp OR 'emergency ward'/exp OR 'forensic medicine'/exp or (Clinic* or veteran* or hospital* or outpatient* or inpatient*):ti,ab,kw,de OR emergicenter*:ti,ab,kw,de OR ((trauma NEAR/1 (patient* OR center* OR centre* OR department* OR unit* OR room*)):ti,ab) OR (((emergency OR emergencies) NEAR/3 (care OR service* OR dispatch* OR department* OR unit* OR ward* OR room* OR center* OR centre* OR system* OR stay* OR admit* OR admission* OR evaluation* OR assess* OR medicine OR visit* OR nurs* OR physician* OR clinician* OR personnel OR patient* OR accidents)):ti,ab,kw,de) OR (((ems OR ed OR er) NEAR/3 (care OR service* OR dispatch* OR department* OR unit* OR ward* OR room* OR center* OR centre* OR system* OR stay* OR admit* OR admission* OR evaluation* OR assess*  OR visit* OR nurs* OR physician* OR patient* OR      personnel)):ti,ab,kw,de) OR ((('a&e' OR 'a & e') NEAR/2 (department* OR admission* OR admitted)):ti,ab)

SECTION: Embase.com
10. 'homeless person'/exp or (Diagnos* or homeless* or Race* or socioeconomic or disparit* or gender* or sex-factor*):ti,ab,kw,de or ill-housed:ti,ab,kw,de OR shelterless-person*:ti,ab OR street-people:ti,ab OR unhoused:ti,ab OR vagabond:ti,ab OR vagrant-people:ti,ab  OR ‘drug dependence’/de or drug-seeking:ti,ab,kw,de or (Substance-Use-Disorder* or substance-Related-Disorder* or Drug-Use-Disorder* or Substance-Abuse* or Substance-Dependence* or Substance-Addiction or Chemical-Dependence* or Drug-Dependence* or Drug-Addiction or Prescription-Drug-Abuse or Substance-Use or Substance-Uses or Drug-Abuse or Drug-Habituation):ti,ab,kw,de or 'drug seeking behavior'/exp OR 'narcotic dependence'/exp OR ‘drug misuse’/exp

SECTION: Embase.com
11. 1 and 2 and 3	

SECTION: Embase.com
12. #4 NOT ('child'/exp NOT ('child'/exp AND 'adult'/exp))
SECTION: Embase.com
13. #5 NOT ('case report'/exp OR 'validation study'/exp)	

SECTION: Embase.com
14. #6 AND [english]/lim 

SECTION: Web of Science
15. 
 

(TS=(Malinger*  or conscious-simulation  or pathomimia))  OR (TS=(feign* near/4 (psychopatholog* or symptom*)))	
SECTION: Web of Science
16. (TS= (Clinic* or veteran* or hospital* or outpatient* or inpatient*  OR emergicenter*))  OR (TS=((trauma NEAR/1 (patient* OR center* OR centre* OR department* OR unit* OR room*)))  ) OR (TS=(((emergency OR emergencies) NEAR/3 (care OR service* OR dispatch* OR department* OR unit* OR ward* OR room* OR center* OR centre* OR system* OR stay* OR admit* OR admission* OR evaluation* OR assess* OR medicine OR visit* OR nurs* OR physician* OR clinician* OR personnel OR patient* OR accidents)) )) OR (TS=((ems OR ed OR er) NEAR/3 (care OR service* OR dispatch* OR department* OR unit* OR ward* OR room* OR center* OR centre* OR system* OR stay* OR admit* OR admission* OR evaluation* OR assess*  OR visit* OR nurs* OR physician* OR patient* OR      personnel)) ) 

SECTION: Web of Science
17. (TS=(homeless* or Race* or racial OR socioeconomic or socio-economic* OR disparit* or gender* or sex-factor* or ill-housed  OR shelterless-person*   OR street-people   OR unhoused   OR vagabond   OR vagrant-people  OR Demographic*  OR male-patient* OR female-patient* OR data  OR predictor* OR factor* OR refugee* OR asylum* OR displaced OR retrospective*  OR implementation OR Stigma* OR veteran* OR prevalence OR biased OR presumption  OR  drug-seeking  or Substance-Use-Disorder* or substance-Related-Disorder* or Drug-Use-Disorder* or Substance-Abuse* or Substance-Dependence* or Substance-Addiction or Chemical-Dependence* or Drug-Dependence* or Drug-Addiction or Prescription-Drug-Abuse or Substance-Use or Substance-Uses or Drug-Abuse or Drug-Habituation OR narcotic-dependence OR drug-misuse))  OR (TS= ((narcotic* OR opioid* OR heroin OR morphine OR opiate) near/2 (addict* OR abuse OR dependen*))) OR (TI=comorbid*) OR (TS=(compassion* near/2 treat*)) OR (TS= (diagnosed near/3 malinger*))

SECTION: Web of Science
18. 1 and 2 and 3	

SECTION: Web of Science
19. #4 NOT ('child'/exp NOT ('child'/exp AND 'adult'/exp))
SECTION: Web of Science
20. #5 NOT ('case report'/exp OR 'validation study'/exp)	
SECTION: Web of Science
21. #6 AND [english]/lim 

SECTION: APA PsycInfo
22. 
 

DE "Malingering" OR (AB=(Malinger*  or conscious-simulation  or pathomimia))  OR (TI=(Malinger*  or conscious-simulation  or pathomimia))  
SECTION: APA PsycInfo
23. (DE "Emergency Medicine" OR DE "Emergency Services" OR DE "Hospital Admission" OR DE "Hospital Discharge" OR DE "Hospitals" OR DE "Hospitalization" OR DE "Hospitalized Patients") OR SU hospital* OR SU clinic* OR SU Inpatient OR SU veteran OR (AB= (Clinic* or veteran* or hospital* or outpatient* or inpatient*  OR emergicenter*))  OR (AB=((trauma NEAR/1 (patient* OR center* OR centre* OR department* OR unit* OR room*)))  ) OR (AB=(((emergency OR emergencies) NEAR/3 (care OR service* OR dispatch* OR department* OR unit* OR ward* OR room* OR center* OR centre* OR system* OR stay* OR admit* OR admission* OR evaluation* OR assess* OR medicine OR visit* OR nurs* OR physician* OR clinician* OR personnel OR patient* OR accidents)) )) OR (AB=((ems OR ed OR er) NEAR/3 (care OR service* OR dispatch* OR department* OR unit* OR ward* OR room* OR center* OR centre* OR system* OR stay* OR admit* OR admission* OR evaluation* OR assess*  OR visit* OR nurs* OR physician* OR patient* OR      personnel)) ) OR (AB= (Clinic* or veteran* or hospital* or outpatient* or inpatient*  OR emergicenter*))  OR (AB=((trauma NEAR/1 (patient* OR center* OR centre* OR department* OR unit* OR room*)))  ) OR (TI=(((emergency OR emergencies) NEAR/3 (care OR service* OR dispatch* OR department* OR unit* OR ward* OR room* OR center* OR centre* OR system* OR stay* OR admit* OR admission* OR evaluation* OR assess* OR medicine OR visit* OR nurs* OR physician* OR clinician* OR personnel OR patient* OR accidents)) )) OR (TI=((ems OR ed OR er) NEAR/3 (care OR service* OR dispatch* OR department* OR unit* OR ward* OR room* OR center* OR centre* OR system* OR stay* OR admit* OR admission* OR evaluation* OR assess*  OR visit* OR nurs* OR physician* OR patient* OR      personnel)) ) OR (TI (homeless* OR ill-housed  OR shelterless-person*   OR street-people   OR unhoused   OR vagabond   OR vagrant-people)) OR (AB (homeless* OR ill-housed  OR shelterless-person*   OR street-people   OR unhoused   OR vagabond   OR vagrant-people)) 

SECTION: APA PsycInfo
24. 1 AND 2
SECTION: APA PsycInfo
25. SU test-validity

SECTION: APA PsycInfo
26. 1 and 2 and 3	

SECTION: APA PsycInfo
27. 4 AND Narrow by Language: - english 

SECTION: Proquest Dissertations and Theses Global
28. 
 

noft(malinger*) AND noft(homeless* OR unhoused OR ill-housed OR hospital* OR emergency OR discharge* OR drug-seeking)