Which of the following best measures changes in the price level of national product?
(A) The consumer price index
(B) The real interest rate
(C) The unemployment rate
(D) The GDP deflator

Question: Which of the following best measures changes in the price level of national product?

Answer:
(A) The consumer price index
(B) The real interest rate
(C) The unemployment rate
(D) The GDP deflator


Which of the following is NOT supervised learning?
(A) PCA
(B) Decision Tree
(C) Linear Regression
(D) Naive Bayesian

Question: Which of the following is NOT supervised learning?

Answer:
(A) PCA
(B) Decision Tree
(C) Linear Regression
(D) Naive Bayesian


What is the greatest common factor of 252 and 96?
(A) 6
(B) 24
(C) 5
(D) 12

Question: What is the greatest common factor of 252 and 96?

Answer:
(A) 6
(B) 24
(C) 5
(D) 12


Monoclonal antisera are distinguished from polyclonal antisera in which of the following ways?
(A) Each type of antibody in a monoclonal antiserum reacts against a single region of a single antigen; each type of antibody in a polyclonal antiserum reacts against multiple regions of different antigens.
(B) A monoclonal antibody reacts against multiple regions of a single antigen; a polyclonal antibody reacts against a single region of related antigens.
(C) A monoclonal antiserum contains antibodies secreted from the descendants of a single B lymphocyte; a polyclonal antiserum contains antibodies secreted from the descendants of different B lymphocytes.
(D) A monoclonal antiserum contains antibodies secreted from the descendants of a single B lymphocyte; a polyclonal antiserum contains antibodies secreted from the descendants of both B and T lymphocytes.

Question: Monoclonal antisera are distinguished from polyclonal antisera in which of the following ways?

Each type of antibody in a monoclonal antiserum reacts against a single region of a single antigen; each type of antibody in a polyclonal antiserum reacts against multiple regions of different antigens.

A monoclonal antibody reacts against multiple regions of a single antigen; a polyclonal antibody reacts against a single region of related antigens.

A monoclonal antiserum contains antibodies secreted from the descendants of a single B lymphocyte; a polyclonal antiserum contains antibodies secreted from the descendants of different B lymphocytes.

A monoclonal antiserum contains antibodies secreted from the descendants of a single B lymphocyte; a polyclonal antiserum contains antibodies secreted from the descendants of both B and T lymphocytes.

Answer:
(A) Each type of antibody in a monoclonal antiserum reacts against a single region of a single antigen; each type of antibody in a polyclonal antiserum reacts against multiple regions of different antigens.
(B) A monoclonal antibody reacts against multiple regions of a single antigen; a polyclonal antibody reacts against a single region of related antigens.
(C) A monoclonal antiserum contains antibodies secreted from the descendants of a single B lymphocyte; a polyclonal antiserum contains antibodies secreted from the descendants of different B lymphocytes.
(D) A monoclonal antiserum contains antibodies secreted from the descendants of a single B lymphocyte; a polyclonal antiserum contains antibodies secreted from the descendants of both B and T lymphocytes.


Statement 1 | If H and K are subgroups of G and one of H or K is normal subgroup of G, then HK is a subgroup of G. Statement 2 | All groups of order p^2 where p is prime are Abelian.
(A) True, True
(B) False, False
(C) True, False
(D) False, True

Question: Statement 1 | If H and K are subgroups of G and one of H or K is normal subgroup of G, then HK is a subgroup of G. Statement 2 | All groups of order p^2 where p is prime are Abelian.

Answer:
(A) True, True
(B) False, False
(C) True, False
(D) False, True


Statement 1| Traditional machine learning results assume that the train and test sets are independent and identically distributed. Statement 2| In 2017, COCO models were usually pretrained on ImageNet.
(A) True, True
(B) False, False
(C) True, False
(D) False, True

Question: Statement 1| Traditional machine learning results assume that the train and test sets are independent and identically distributed. Statement 2| In 2017, COCO models were usually pretrained on ImageNet.

Answer:
(A) True, True
(B) False, False
(C) True, False
(D) False, True


Which of the following is the best example of constant error
(A) A subject consistently provides wrong answers to every test item
(B) A psychometrician consistently underestimates IQ scores by 10 points
(C) A test item is answered incorrectly by every student in a given class
(D) A test-retest reliability coefficient is low for several samples

Question: Which of the following is the best example of constant error

A subject consistently provides wrong answers to every test item

A psychometrician consistently underestimates IQ scores by 10 points

A test item is answered incorrectly by every student in a given class

A test-retest reliability coefficient is low for several samples

Answer:
(A) A subject consistently provides wrong answers to every test item
(B) A psychometrician consistently underestimates IQ scores by 10 points
(C) A test item is answered incorrectly by every student in a given class
(D) A test-retest reliability coefficient is low for several samples


What is believed to be the reason for the development of a complex society at Caral in South America?
(A) the need to collect large quantities of shellfish
(B) the construction of canals for irrigation
(C) the building of the Piramide Mayor
(D) the excavating work to produce the sunken plazas

Question: What is believed to be the reason for the development of a complex society at Caral in South America?

the need to collect large quantities of shellfish

the construction of canals for irrigation

the excavating work to produce the sunken plazas

Answer:
(A) the need to collect large quantities of shellfish
(B) the construction of canals for irrigation
(C) the building of the Piramide Mayor
(D) the excavating work to produce the sunken plazas


Suppose A and B are n × n matrices with real entries. Which of the follow are TRUE?
I. The trace of A^2 is nonnegative.
II. If A^2 = A, then the trace of A is nonnegative.
III. The trace of AB is the product of the traces of A and B.
(A) II only
(B) III only
(C) I and II only
(D) II and III only

Question:
Suppose A and B are n × n matrices with real entries. Which of the follow are TRUE?
I. The trace of A^2 is nonnegative.
II. If A^2 = A, then the trace of A is nonnegative.
III. The trace of AB is the product of the traces of A and B.

Answer:
(A) II only
(B) III only
(C) I and II only
(D) II and III only


What is the magnetic moment of 205Tl?
(A) [ɣ (205TI = 1.569 x 108 T-1 s-1, I = ½]
(B) 0.717 x 10^-26 J T-1
(C) 0.827 x 10^-26 J T-1
(D) 1.433 x 10^-26 J T-1

Question: What is the magnetic moment of 205Tl?

Answer:
(A) [ɣ (205TI = 1.569 x 108 T-1 s-1, I = ½]
(B) 0.717 x 10^-26 J T-1
(C) 0.827 x 10^-26 J T-1
(D) 1.433 x 10^-26 J T-1


Which of these factors increases the risk for cancer of the stomach?

(A) Obesity
(B) Sugar
(C) Salt and salt-preserved foods
(D) Dietary fibre

Question: Which of these factors increases the risk for cancer of the stomach?

Answer:
(A) Obesity
(B) Sugar
(C) Salt and salt-preserved foods
(D) Dietary fibre


The global HIV/AIDS death rate is highest for which of these age groups?
(A) Under 5
(B) 14-May
(C) 15-49
(D) over 50

Question: The global HIV/AIDS death rate is highest for which of these age groups?

Answer:
(A) Under 5
(B) 14-May
(C) 15-49
(D) over 50


How many states were in the Confederate States of America?
(A) 11
(B) 13
(C) 16
(D) 22

Question: How many states were in the Confederate States of America?

Answer:
(A) 11
(B) 13
(C) 16
(D) 22


The best type of laser with which to do spectroscopy over a range of visible wavelengths is
(A) a dye laser
(B) a helium-neon laser
(C) an excimer laser
(D) a ruby laser

Question: The best type of laser with which to do spectroscopy over a range of visible wavelengths is

Answer:
(A) a dye laser
(B) a helium-neon laser
(C) an excimer laser
(D) a ruby laser


According to Kohlberg, at the third (postconventional) level of moral development, individuals
(A) follow rules in order to obtain reward
(B) follow rules in order to avoid punishment
(C) define what is right by what they have learned from others, especially authority figures
(D) self-define principles that may or may not match the dominant morals of the times

Question: According to Kohlberg, at the third (postconventional) level of moral development, individuals

follow rules in order to avoid punishment

define what is right by what they have learned from others, especially authority figures

self-define principles that may or may not match the dominant morals of the times

Answer:
(A) follow rules in order to obtain reward
(B) follow rules in order to avoid punishment
(C) define what is right by what they have learned from others, especially authority figures
(D) self-define principles that may or may not match the dominant morals of the times


Mimicry is a strategy that has evolved through natural selection to increase the fitness of organisms to their environment. Which of the following represents a form of Batesian mimicry?
(A) A type of millipede that is toxic to a toad is permanently avoided by the toad following the toad's initial attempt to consume it.
(B) A moth exhibits false eyes at its tail end in order to disorient predators.
(C) A moth exhibits nearly identical coloration to that of a stinging bee.
(D) A ground-nesting gull chick displays a coloration pattern that is nearly indistinguishable from its surroundings.

Question: Mimicry is a strategy that has evolved through natural selection to increase the fitness of organisms to their environment. Which of the following represents a form of Batesian mimicry?

A type of millipede that is toxic to a toad is permanently avoided by the toad following the toad's initial attempt to consume it.

A moth exhibits false eyes at its tail end in order to disorient predators.

A moth exhibits nearly identical coloration to that of a stinging bee.

A ground-nesting gull chick displays a coloration pattern that is nearly indistinguishable from its surroundings.

Answer:
(A) A type of millipede that is toxic to a toad is permanently avoided by the toad following the toad's initial attempt to consume it.
(B) A moth exhibits false eyes at its tail end in order to disorient predators.
(C) A moth exhibits nearly identical coloration to that of a stinging bee.
(D) A ground-nesting gull chick displays a coloration pattern that is nearly indistinguishable from its surroundings.


Which is the smallest asymptotically?
(A) O(1)
(B) O(n)
(C) O(n^2)
(D) O(log n)

Question: Which is the smallest asymptotically?

Answer:
(A) O(1)
(B) O(n)
(C) O(n^2)
(D) O(log n)


This question refers to the following information.
Clearly, no longer can a dictator count on East–West confrontation to stymie concerted United Nations action against aggression. A new partnership of nations has begun. And we stand today at a unique and extraordinary moment. The crisis in the Persian Gulf, as grave as it is, also offers a rare opportunity to move toward an historic period of cooperation. Out of these troubled times, our fifth objective—a new world order—can emerge; a new era, freer from the threat of terror, stronger in the pursuit of justice, and more secure in the quest for peace. An era in which the nations of the world, east and west, north and south, can prosper and live in harmony.
—President George Herbert Walker Bush, Speech to a Joint Session of Congress, September 11, 1990
President Bush was responding to which of the following?
(A) Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein's conquest of Kuwait
(B) The fall of the Berlin Wall
(C) Terror attacks by Al-Qaeda
(D) The break-up of Yugoslavia and the start of the Bosnian War

Question:
This question refers to the following information.
Clearly, no longer can a dictator count on East–West confrontation to stymie concerted United Nations action against aggression. A new partnership of nations has begun. And we stand today at a unique and extraordinary moment. The crisis in the Persian Gulf, as grave as it is, also offers a rare opportunity to move toward an historic period of cooperation. Out of these troubled times, our fifth objective—a new world order—can emerge; a new era, freer from the threat of terror, stronger in the pursuit of justice, and more secure in the quest for peace. An era in which the nations of the world, east and west, north and south, can prosper and live in harmony.
—President George Herbert Walker Bush, Speech to a Joint Session of Congress, September 11, 1990
President Bush was responding to which of the following?

Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein's conquest of Kuwait

The break-up of Yugoslavia and the start of the Bosnian War

Answer:
(A) Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein's conquest of Kuwait
(B) The fall of the Berlin Wall
(C) Terror attacks by Al-Qaeda
(D) The break-up of Yugoslavia and the start of the Bosnian War


Each of the two main political parties of the United States is organized
(A) as a single party with a presence at the national level only
(B) into a federal structure in which state and local parties have no power
(C) as a relatively independent organization that exists at all levels of government
(D) in a top-down fashion, so that instructions are dispersed from the national level to the state and local levels

Question: Each of the two main political parties of the United States is organized

as a single party with a presence at the national level only

into a federal structure in which state and local parties have no power

as a relatively independent organization that exists at all levels of government

in a top-down fashion, so that instructions are dispersed from the national level to the state and local levels

Answer:
(A) as a single party with a presence at the national level only
(B) into a federal structure in which state and local parties have no power
(C) as a relatively independent organization that exists at all levels of government
(D) in a top-down fashion, so that instructions are dispersed from the national level to the state and local levels


Refraction occurs when a wave crosses a boundary and changes
(A) speed and direction
(B) intensity
(C) frequency
(D) amplitude

Question: Refraction occurs when a wave crosses a boundary and changes

Answer:
(A) speed and direction
(B) intensity
(C) frequency
(D) amplitude


“Natural law is based on the nature of man and on his inward need of living in society.” Who said it?
(A) Hugo Grotius
(B) Hobbes
(C) Locke
(D) Rousseau

Question: “Natural law is based on the nature of man and on his inward need of living in society.” Who said it?

Answer:
(A) Hugo Grotius
(B) Hobbes
(C) Locke
(D) Rousseau


Which country has undergone the most rapid nutrition transition in the last two decades?

(A) China
(B) Sweden
(C) Britain
(D) India

Question: Which country has undergone the most rapid nutrition transition in the last two decades?

Answer:
(A) China
(B) Sweden
(C) Britain
(D) India


Which of the following would be considered contractionary monetary policy?
(A) The purchase of bonds
(B) The sale of bonds
(C) An increase in taxes
(D) An increase in government spending

Question: Which of the following would be considered contractionary monetary policy?

Answer:
(A) The purchase of bonds
(B) The sale of bonds
(C) An increase in taxes
(D) An increase in government spending


After studying for an examination, retention of the learned material is best facilitated by
(A) sleeping
(B) studying a related subject
(C) exercising
(D) studying an unrelated subject

Question: After studying for an examination, retention of the learned material is best facilitated by

Answer:
(A) sleeping
(B) studying a related subject
(C) exercising
(D) studying an unrelated subject


The tripartite system used the 11+ exam to select pupils for:
(A) popular schools that lay outside their catchment area
(B) private, public and comprehensive schools
(C) grammar, technical, and secondary modern schools
(D) polytechnics, colleges and universities

Question: The tripartite system used the 11+ exam to select pupils for:

popular schools that lay outside their catchment area

private, public and comprehensive schools

grammar, technical, and secondary modern schools

Answer:
(A) popular schools that lay outside their catchment area
(B) private, public and comprehensive schools
(C) grammar, technical, and secondary modern schools
(D) polytechnics, colleges and universities


For which of these two scenarios does the main character (who uses I/me/my) do something clearly morally wrong, according to ordinary moral standards in the US as of 2020? Scenario 1 | I kept all knives in the house in the top cabinet so my preschooler couldn't reach them. Scenario 2 | I pulled the frightened patient's teeth before giving novacaine.
(A) Wrong, Wrong
(B) Wrong, Not wrong
(C) Not wrong, Wrong
(D) Not wrong, Not wrong

Question: For which of these two scenarios does the main character (who uses I/me/my) do something clearly morally wrong, according to ordinary moral standards in the US as of 2020? Scenario 1 | I kept all knives in the house in the top cabinet so my preschooler couldn't reach them. Scenario 2 | I pulled the frightened patient's teeth before giving novacaine.

Answer:
(A) Wrong, Wrong
(B) Wrong, Not wrong
(C) Not wrong, Wrong
(D) Not wrong, Not wrong


Statement 1 | Every maximal ideal is a prime ideal. Statement 2 | If I is a maximal ideal of a commutative ring R, then R/I is field.
(A) True, True
(B) False, False
(C) True, False
(D) False, True

Question: Statement 1 | Every maximal ideal is a prime ideal. Statement 2 | If I is a maximal ideal of a commutative ring R, then R/I is field.

Answer:
(A) True, True
(B) False, False
(C) True, False
(D) False, True


International trade will almost always benefit both countries, so why do countries try to protect their own firms from exposure to the world market?
(A) Irrationality on the part of the leadership
(B) Costs of free trade are concentrated, but benefits are dispersed
(C) Regime type
(D) International conflict prevents trade

Question: International trade will almost always benefit both countries, so why do countries try to protect their own firms from exposure to the world market?

Irrationality on the part of the leadership

Costs of free trade are concentrated, but benefits are dispersed

Answer:
(A) Irrationality on the part of the leadership
(B) Costs of free trade are concentrated, but benefits are dispersed
(C) Regime type
(D) International conflict prevents trade


Moore defines the naturalistic fallacy as the view that:
(A) everything that is natural is good.
(B) everything that is good is natural.
(C) good is identical to a natural property.
(D) all of the above.

Question: Moore defines the naturalistic fallacy as the view that:

good is identical to a natural property.

Answer:
(A) everything that is natural is good.
(B) everything that is good is natural.
(C) good is identical to a natural property.
(D) all of the above.


If a bank has $1000 in checking deposits and the bank is required to reserve $250 what is the reserve ratio? How much does the bank have in excess reserves? What is the size of the money multiplier?
(A) 25% $750 M = ¼
(B) 75% $250 M = 4
(C) 25% $750 M = 4
(D) 75% $750 M = ¼

Question: If a bank has $1000 in checking deposits and the bank is required to reserve $250 what is the reserve ratio? How much does the bank have in excess reserves? What is the size of the money multiplier?

Answer:
(A) 25% $750 M = ¼
(B) 75% $250 M = 4
(C) 25% $750 M = 4
(D) 75% $750 M = ¼


Which of the following are possible constraints on US foreign policy decision making?
(A) Foreign policies of other states
(B) International law
(C) Intergovernmental organizations
(D) All of the above

Question: Which of the following are possible constraints on US foreign policy decision making?

Answer:
(A) Foreign policies of other states
(B) International law
(C) Intergovernmental organizations
(D) All of the above


S(n) is a statement about positive integers n such that whenever S(k) is true, S(k + 1) must also be true. Furthermore, there exists some positive integer n0 such that S(n0) is not true. Of the following, which is the strongest conclusion that can be drawn?
(A) S(n0 + 1) is not true.
(B) S(n0 - 1) is not true.
(C) S(n) is not true for any n <= n0
(D) S(n) is not true for any n >= n0

Question: S(n) is a statement about positive integers n such that whenever S(k) is true, S(k + 1) must also be true. Furthermore, there exists some positive integer n0 such that S(n0) is not true. Of the following, which is the strongest conclusion that can be drawn?

Answer:
(A) S(n0 + 1) is not true.
(B) S(n0 - 1) is not true.
(C) S(n) is not true for any n <= n0
(D) S(n) is not true for any n >= n0


A/an ___________ is a program that steals your logins & passwords for instant messaging applications.
(A) IM – Trojans
(B) Backdoor Trojans
(C) Trojan-Downloader
(D) Ransom Trojan

Question: A/an ___________ is a program that steals your logins & passwords for instant messaging applications.

Answer:
(A) IM – Trojans
(B) Backdoor Trojans
(C) Trojan-Downloader
(D) Ransom Trojan


Who set the world record for the mile race in 1886?
(A) R Bannister
(B) S Coe
(C) J DiMaggio
(D) WG George

Question: Who set the world record for the mile race in 1886?

Answer:
(A) R Bannister
(B) S Coe
(C) J DiMaggio
(D) WG George


In xyz-space, what are the coordinates of the point on the plane 2x + y + 3z = 3 that is closest to the origin?
(A) (0, 0, 1)
(B) (3/7, 3/14, 9/14)
(C) (7/15, 8/15, 1/15)
(D) (5/6, 1/3, 1/3)

Question: In xyz-space, what are the coordinates of the point on the plane 2x + y + 3z = 3 that is closest to the origin?

Answer:
(A) (0, 0, 1)
(B) (3/7, 3/14, 9/14)
(C) (7/15, 8/15, 1/15)
(D) (5/6, 1/3, 1/3)


Which of the following statements regarding historical North American migration streams is NOT correct?
(A) Canada's first major migration came from France.
(B) Canada's second major migration stream originated in the British Isles.
(C) Canada's third major migration stream came from Latin America.
(D) The first major migration wave to the United States originated in Europe.

Question: Which of the following statements regarding historical North American migration streams is NOT correct?

Canada's first major migration came from France.

Canada's second major migration stream originated in the British Isles.

Canada's third major migration stream came from Latin America.

The first major migration wave to the United States originated in Europe.

Answer:
(A) Canada's first major migration came from France.
(B) Canada's second major migration stream originated in the British Isles.
(C) Canada's third major migration stream came from Latin America.
(D) The first major migration wave to the United States originated in Europe.


Which of the following is an example of an implied power of the Congress?
(A) regulation of interstate commerce
(B) borrowing money on the credit of the United States
(C) oversight of executive branch agencies
(D) declarations of war

Question: Which of the following is an example of an implied power of the Congress?

borrowing money on the credit of the United States

Answer:
(A) regulation of interstate commerce
(B) borrowing money on the credit of the United States
(C) oversight of executive branch agencies
(D) declarations of war


A couple comes for preconceptional genetic counseling because they both have a family history of α-thalassemia. The woman has a minimally decreased hemoglobin concentration. Genetic studies show a single gene deletion. The man has microcytic anemia and a two-gene deletion. If the two-gene deletion is in trans (one deletion on the maternal gene and one deletion on the paternal gene), which of the following percentages of their offspring will have a two-gene deletion?
(A) 0%
(B) 25%
(C) 50%
(D) 75%

Question: A couple comes for preconceptional genetic counseling because they both have a family history of α-thalassemia. The woman has a minimally decreased hemoglobin concentration. Genetic studies show a single gene deletion. The man has microcytic anemia and a two-gene deletion. If the two-gene deletion is in trans (one deletion on the maternal gene and one deletion on the paternal gene), which of the following percentages of their offspring will have a two-gene deletion?

Answer:
(A) 0%
(B) 25%
(C) 50%
(D) 75%


Different less developed countries have different levels of secondary school enrollment. Some countries with high secondary-school enrollment are, as of 2020,
(A) Colombia, Peru, Uruguay, and Costa Rica.
(B) Bhutan, Niger, Cambodia, and Costa Rica.
(C) Uruguay, Costa Rica, Timor-Leste, and Pakistan.
(D) Bhutan, Cambodia, Uruguay and Costa Rica.

Question: Different less developed countries have different levels of secondary school enrollment. Some countries with high secondary-school enrollment are, as of 2020,

Colombia, Peru, Uruguay, and Costa Rica.

Bhutan, Niger, Cambodia, and Costa Rica.

Uruguay, Costa Rica, Timor-Leste, and Pakistan.

Bhutan, Cambodia, Uruguay and Costa Rica.

Answer:
(A) Colombia, Peru, Uruguay, and Costa Rica.
(B) Bhutan, Niger, Cambodia, and Costa Rica.
(C) Uruguay, Costa Rica, Timor-Leste, and Pakistan.
(D) Bhutan, Cambodia, Uruguay and Costa Rica.


A school psychologist is asked to help Ms. Smith address problem behaviors that are disrupting the learning of her students. The school psychologist is given data that indicate discipline referrals have been written on 26 of the 30 students in Ms. Smith's class. Which of the following is best for the school psychologist to recommend?
(A) Developing individual behavior contracts for the 26 students who have received discipline referrals
(B) Using comprehensive emotional and behavioral assessments for students who have received discipline referrals
(C) Providing school-based group counseling to address issues such as study skills, attendance, decision making, problem solving, and goal setting.
(D) Implementing a class-wide behavior management plan, such as a responsecost raffle.

Question: A school psychologist is asked to help Ms. Smith address problem behaviors that are disrupting the learning of her students. The school psychologist is given data that indicate discipline referrals have been written on 26 of the 30 students in Ms. Smith's class. Which of the following is best for the school psychologist to recommend?

Developing individual behavior contracts for the 26 students who have received discipline referrals

Using comprehensive emotional and behavioral assessments for students who have received discipline referrals

Providing school-based group counseling to address issues such as study skills, attendance, decision making, problem solving, and goal setting.

Implementing a class-wide behavior management plan, such as a responsecost raffle.

Answer:
(A) Developing individual behavior contracts for the 26 students who have received discipline referrals
(B) Using comprehensive emotional and behavioral assessments for students who have received discipline referrals
(C) Providing school-based group counseling to address issues such as study skills, attendance, decision making, problem solving, and goal setting.
(D) Implementing a class-wide behavior management plan, such as a responsecost raffle.


 Which of the given formulas of PL is the best symbolization of the following sentence?
Pablo will go to the store if, and only if, his brother drives him and pays for gas.
(A) (P ≡ D) ≡ G
(B) (D • G) ⊃ P
(C) P ⊃ (D • G)
(D) P ≡ (D • G)

Question:
 Which of the given formulas of PL is the best symbolization of the following sentence?
Pablo will go to the store if, and only if, his brother drives him and pays for gas.

Answer:
(A) (P ≡ D) ≡ G
(B) (D • G) ⊃ P
(C) P ⊃ (D • G)
(D) P ≡ (D • G)


According to the Sumerian King List, where does kingship come from?
(A) Through initiation into the mystery cults
(B) By military victories
(C) Direct lineage of ancestors
(D) Descends from heaven

Question: According to the Sumerian King List, where does kingship come from?

Through initiation into the mystery cults

Answer:
(A) Through initiation into the mystery cults
(B) By military victories
(C) Direct lineage of ancestors
(D) Descends from heaven


Which of these activities might secondary research involve?
(A) Conducting a content analysis
(B) Conducting a survey
(C) Observing people
(D) Examining public records

Question: Which of these activities might secondary research involve?

Answer:
(A) Conducting a content analysis
(B) Conducting a survey
(C) Observing people
(D) Examining public records


This question refers to the following information.
Albeit the king's Majesty justly and rightfully is and ought to be the supreme head of the Church of England, and so is recognized by the clergy of this realm in their convocations, yet nevertheless, for corroboration and confirmation thereof, and for increase of virtue in Christ's religion within this realm of England, and to repress and extirpate all errors, heresies, and other enormities and abuses heretofore used in the same, be it enacted, by authority of this present Parliament, that the king, our sovereign lord, his heirs and successors, kings of this realm, shall be taken, accepted, and reputed the only supreme head in earth of the Church of England, called Anglicans Ecclesia; and shall have and enjoy, annexed and united to the imperial crown of this realm, as well the title and style thereof, as all honors, dignities, preeminences, jurisdictions, privileges, authorities, immunities, profits, and commodities to the said dignity of the supreme head of the same Church belonging and appertaining; and that our said sovereign lord, his heirs and successors, kings of this realm, shall have full power and authority from time to time to visit, repress, redress, record, order, correct, restrain, and amend all such errors, heresies, abuses, offenses, contempts, and enormities, whatsoever they be, which by any manner of spiritual authority or jurisdiction ought or may lawfully be reformed, repressed, ordered, redressed, corrected, restrained, or amended, most to the pleasure of Almighty God, the increase of virtue in Christ's religion, and for the conservation of the peace, unity, and tranquility of this realm; any usage, foreign land, foreign authority, prescription, or any other thing or things to the contrary hereof notwithstanding.
English Parliament, Act of Supremacy, 1534
The passage can be used as evidence for which of the following historical trends of the time period?
(A) The consolidation of the power of the monarchy
(B) The increased power of the Catholic Church
(C) The increased piety of the nobility
(D) The increasing religiosity of the masses

Question:
This question refers to the following information.
Albeit the king's Majesty justly and rightfully is and ought to be the supreme head of the Church of England, and so is recognized by the clergy of this realm in their convocations, yet nevertheless, for corroboration and confirmation thereof, and for increase of virtue in Christ's religion within this realm of England, and to repress and extirpate all errors, heresies, and other enormities and abuses heretofore used in the same, be it enacted, by authority of this present Parliament, that the king, our sovereign lord, his heirs and successors, kings of this realm, shall be taken, accepted, and reputed the only supreme head in earth of the Church of England, called Anglicans Ecclesia; and shall have and enjoy, annexed and united to the imperial crown of this realm, as well the title and style thereof, as all honors, dignities, preeminences, jurisdictions, privileges, authorities, immunities, profits, and commodities to the said dignity of the supreme head of the same Church belonging and appertaining; and that our said sovereign lord, his heirs and successors, kings of this realm, shall have full power and authority from time to time to visit, repress, redress, record, order, correct, restrain, and amend all such errors, heresies, abuses, offenses, contempts, and enormities, whatsoever they be, which by any manner of spiritual authority or jurisdiction ought or may lawfully be reformed, repressed, ordered, redressed, corrected, restrained, or amended, most to the pleasure of Almighty God, the increase of virtue in Christ's religion, and for the conservation of the peace, unity, and tranquility of this realm; any usage, foreign land, foreign authority, prescription, or any other thing or things to the contrary hereof notwithstanding.
English Parliament, Act of Supremacy, 1534
The passage can be used as evidence for which of the following historical trends of the time period?

The consolidation of the power of the monarchy

The increased power of the Catholic Church

The increasing religiosity of the masses

Answer:
(A) The consolidation of the power of the monarchy
(B) The increased power of the Catholic Church
(C) The increased piety of the nobility
(D) The increasing religiosity of the masses


Which of these is not a style of shoe?
(A) gingham
(B) brogan
(C) espadrille
(D) docksider

Question: Which of these is not a style of shoe?

Answer:
(A) gingham
(B) brogan
(C) espadrille
(D) docksider


What is the output of "abc"[-1] in Python 3?
(A) Error
(B) a
(C) b
(D) c

Question: What is the output of "abc"[-1] in Python 3?

Answer:
(A) Error
(B) a
(C) b
(D) c


Hydrogen ions are formed when:
(A) glycogen becomes depleted.
(B) phosphocreatine breakdown occurs.
(C) pyruvate is converted to lactate.
(D) glycolysis is being used as a major means of resynthesising ATP.

Question: Hydrogen ions are formed when:

glycolysis is being used as a major means of resynthesising ATP.

Answer:
(A) glycogen becomes depleted.
(B) phosphocreatine breakdown occurs.
(C) pyruvate is converted to lactate.
(D) glycolysis is being used as a major means of resynthesising ATP.


A program that checks spelling works in the following way. A hash table has been defined in which each entry is a Boolean variable initialized to false. A hash function has been applied to each word in the dictionary, and the appropriate entry in the hash table has been set to true. To check the spelling in a document, the hash function is applied to every word in the document, and the appropriate entry in the hash table is examined. Which of the following is (are) correct?
I. true means the word was in the dictionary.
II. false means the word was not in the dictionary.
III. Hash table size should increase with document size.
(A) I only
(B) II only
(C) I and II only
(D) II and III only

Question:
A program that checks spelling works in the following way. A hash table has been defined in which each entry is a Boolean variable initialized to false. A hash function has been applied to each word in the dictionary, and the appropriate entry in the hash table has been set to true. To check the spelling in a document, the hash function is applied to every word in the document, and the appropriate entry in the hash table is examined. Which of the following is (are) correct?
I. true means the word was in the dictionary.
II. false means the word was not in the dictionary.
III. Hash table size should increase with document size.

Answer:
(A) I only
(B) II only
(C) I and II only
(D) II and III only


Which definition best describes media convergence?
(A) The conglomeration of media outlets into large corporations.
(B) The way in which all media outlets post similar content to their competitors.
(C) The many differing views and cultures expressed in modern media.
(D) Information being delivered in different formats via various digital channels.

Question: Which definition best describes media convergence?

The conglomeration of media outlets into large corporations.

The way in which all media outlets post similar content to their competitors.

The many differing views and cultures expressed in modern media.

Information being delivered in different formats via various digital channels.

Answer:
(A) The conglomeration of media outlets into large corporations.
(B) The way in which all media outlets post similar content to their competitors.
(C) The many differing views and cultures expressed in modern media.
(D) Information being delivered in different formats via various digital channels.


A large node of office and commercial land use outside the central city with more jobs than residents is a(n)
(A) suburb.
(B) primate city.
(C) town.
(D) edge city.

Question: A large node of office and commercial land use outside the central city with more jobs than residents is a(n)

Answer:
(A) suburb.
(B) primate city.
(C) town.
(D) edge city.


 What, according to Schnackenberg and Tomlinson (2014), are the three criteria which can be used to assess the quality of corporate transparency?
(A) Breadth, Clarity, Accuracy
(B) Disclosure, Detail, Accuracy
(C) Disclosure, Clarity, Accuracy
(D) Disclosure, Clarity, Efficiency

Question: What, according to Schnackenberg and Tomlinson (2014), are the three criteria which can be used to assess the quality of corporate transparency?

Answer:
(A) Breadth, Clarity, Accuracy
(B) Disclosure, Detail, Accuracy
(C) Disclosure, Clarity, Accuracy
(D) Disclosure, Clarity, Efficiency


Statement 1 | If H is a subgroup of a group G and a belongs to G, then aH = Ha. Statement 2 | If H is normal of G and a belongs to G, then ah = ha for all h in H.
(A) True, True
(B) False, False
(C) True, False
(D) False, True

Question: Statement 1 | If H is a subgroup of a group G and a belongs to G, then aH = Ha. Statement 2 | If H is normal of G and a belongs to G, then ah = ha for all h in H.

Answer:
(A) True, True
(B) False, False
(C) True, False
(D) False, True


A nonconducting sphere is given a nonzero net electric charge, +Q, and then brought close to a neutral conducting sphere of the same radius. Which of the following will be true?
(A) An electric field will be induced within the conducting sphere.
(B) The conducting sphere will develop a net electric charge of –Q.
(C) The spheres will experience an electrostatic attraction.
(D) The spheres will experience an electrostatic repulsion.

Question: A nonconducting sphere is given a nonzero net electric charge, +Q, and then brought close to a neutral conducting sphere of the same radius. Which of the following will be true?

An electric field will be induced within the conducting sphere.

The conducting sphere will develop a net electric charge of –Q.

The spheres will experience an electrostatic attraction.

The spheres will experience an electrostatic repulsion.

Answer:
(A) An electric field will be induced within the conducting sphere.
(B) The conducting sphere will develop a net electric charge of –Q.
(C) The spheres will experience an electrostatic attraction.
(D) The spheres will experience an electrostatic repulsion.


Characteristic X rays, appearing as sharp lines on a continuous background, are produced when high-energy electrons bombard a metal target. Which of the following processes results in the characteristic X rays?
(A) Electrons producing Čerenkov radiation
(B) Electrons colliding with phonons in the metal
(C) Electrons filling inner shell vacancies that are created in the metal atoms
(D) Electrons combining with protons to form neutrons

Question: Characteristic X rays, appearing as sharp lines on a continuous background, are produced when high-energy electrons bombard a metal target. Which of the following processes results in the characteristic X rays?

Electrons colliding with phonons in the metal

Electrons filling inner shell vacancies that are created in the metal atoms

Electrons combining with protons to form neutrons

Answer:
(A) Electrons producing Čerenkov radiation
(B) Electrons colliding with phonons in the metal
(C) Electrons filling inner shell vacancies that are created in the metal atoms
(D) Electrons combining with protons to form neutrons


Which statement best describes Booth's attitude toward constructivism and post-structuralism within Critical Security Studies?
(A) Post-structuralism provides no basis for political action, being a dangerous mix of faux radicalism, relativism and obscurantism, whilst constructivism is an orientation to world politics rather than a specific political theory.
(B) Constructivism offers a number of specific political theories applicable to Critical Security Studies but all of these lack the tenability required in security studies. Post-structuralist theories similarly lack the durability desired by CSS scholars.
(C) Post-structuralism and constructivism are ill-defined theories that are better described as political orientations, applicable in vague terms but lacking the substance required by scholars in contemporary security studies.
(D) Constructivism is too dangerous a mix of political ideologies, combining elements of radicalism and relativism. Post-structuralism is more of an orientation to world politics rather than a specific and applicable political theory.

Question: Which statement best describes Booth's attitude toward constructivism and post-structuralism within Critical Security Studies?

Post-structuralism provides no basis for political action, being a dangerous mix of faux radicalism, relativism and obscurantism, whilst constructivism is an orientation to world politics rather than a specific political theory.

Constructivism offers a number of specific political theories applicable to Critical Security Studies but all of these lack the tenability required in security studies. Post-structuralist theories similarly lack the durability desired by CSS scholars.

Post-structuralism and constructivism are ill-defined theories that are better described as political orientations, applicable in vague terms but lacking the substance required by scholars in contemporary security studies.

Constructivism is too dangerous a mix of political ideologies, combining elements of radicalism and relativism. Post-structuralism is more of an orientation to world politics rather than a specific and applicable political theory.

Answer:
(A) Post-structuralism provides no basis for political action, being a dangerous mix of faux radicalism, relativism and obscurantism, whilst constructivism is an orientation to world politics rather than a specific political theory.
(B) Constructivism offers a number of specific political theories applicable to Critical Security Studies but all of these lack the tenability required in security studies. Post-structuralist theories similarly lack the durability desired by CSS scholars.
(C) Post-structuralism and constructivism are ill-defined theories that are better described as political orientations, applicable in vague terms but lacking the substance required by scholars in contemporary security studies.
(D) Constructivism is too dangerous a mix of political ideologies, combining elements of radicalism and relativism. Post-structuralism is more of an orientation to world politics rather than a specific and applicable political theory.


This question refers to the following information.
The following excerpt is from a speech by Vladimir I. Lenin.
The independence of our country cannot be upheld unless we have an adequate industrial basis for defense. And such an industrial basis cannot be created if our industry is not more highly developed technically. That is why a fast rate of development of our industry is necessary and imperative. We cannot go on indefinitely, that is, for too long a period, basing the Soviet regime and socialist construction on two different foundations, the foundation of the most large-scale and united socialist industry and the foundation of the most scattered and backward, small commodity economy of the peasants. We must gradually, but systematically and persistently, place our agriculture on a new technical basis, the basis of large-scale production, and bring it up to the level of socialist industry. Either we accomplish this task—in which case the final victory of socialism in our country will be assured, or we turn away from it and do not accomplish it—in which case a return to capitalism may become inevitable.
—Vladimir I. Lenin Industrialization of the Country and the Right Deviation in the C.P.S.U., November 19,1928
Which of the following events was most likely the greatest influence on Lenin in his desire to industrialize his new nation?
(A) His exile in Switzerland and other places led him to see how the industrialization of the West was needed in the Soviet Union.
(B) Russia had a large percentage of its population working in factories before the revolution occurred, and he wanted to build on that.
(C) Trotsky was able to lead the Bolshevik revolt in 1917 because he had control of the rail and telegraph stations.
(D) The humiliating defeat of Russia during the First World War had led to his rise to power and he knew another defeat would spell his doom.

Question:
This question refers to the following information.
The following excerpt is from a speech by Vladimir I. Lenin.
The independence of our country cannot be upheld unless we have an adequate industrial basis for defense. And such an industrial basis cannot be created if our industry is not more highly developed technically. That is why a fast rate of development of our industry is necessary and imperative. We cannot go on indefinitely, that is, for too long a period, basing the Soviet regime and socialist construction on two different foundations, the foundation of the most large-scale and united socialist industry and the foundation of the most scattered and backward, small commodity economy of the peasants. We must gradually, but systematically and persistently, place our agriculture on a new technical basis, the basis of large-scale production, and bring it up to the level of socialist industry. Either we accomplish this task—in which case the final victory of socialism in our country will be assured, or we turn away from it and do not accomplish it—in which case a return to capitalism may become inevitable.
—Vladimir I. Lenin Industrialization of the Country and the Right Deviation in the C.P.S.U., November 19,1928
Which of the following events was most likely the greatest influence on Lenin in his desire to industrialize his new nation?

His exile in Switzerland and other places led him to see how the industrialization of the West was needed in the Soviet Union.

Russia had a large percentage of its population working in factories before the revolution occurred, and he wanted to build on that.

Trotsky was able to lead the Bolshevik revolt in 1917 because he had control of the rail and telegraph stations.

The humiliating defeat of Russia during the First World War had led to his rise to power and he knew another defeat would spell his doom.

Answer:
(A) His exile in Switzerland and other places led him to see how the industrialization of the West was needed in the Soviet Union.
(B) Russia had a large percentage of its population working in factories before the revolution occurred, and he wanted to build on that.
(C) Trotsky was able to lead the Bolshevik revolt in 1917 because he had control of the rail and telegraph stations.
(D) The humiliating defeat of Russia during the First World War had led to his rise to power and he knew another defeat would spell his doom.


Which of the following fallacies happens when someone concludes that someone must be honest because the people he hangs around with are honest?
(A) Laudatory personality
(B) Guilt by association
(C) Reprehensible personality
(D) Circular reasoning

Question: Which of the following fallacies happens when someone concludes that someone must be honest because the people he hangs around with are honest?

Answer:
(A) Laudatory personality
(B) Guilt by association
(C) Reprehensible personality
(D) Circular reasoning


Craig says an actually infinite number of things _____.
(A) is possible
(B) is meaningless
(C) exists somewhere
(D) cannot exist

Question: Craig says an actually infinite number of things _____.

Answer:
(A) is possible
(B) is meaningless
(C) exists somewhere
(D) cannot exist


Which statement is closest to characterizing the principal difference between the positions adopted by Hobbes and Locke?
(A) They adopt different attitudes towards the role of the courts in maintaining order.
(B) They disagree about the role of law in society.
(C) They have opposing views about the nature of contractual obligations.
(D) They differ in respect of their account of life before the social contract.

Question: Which statement is closest to characterizing the principal difference between the positions adopted by Hobbes and Locke?

They adopt different attitudes towards the role of the courts in maintaining order.

They disagree about the role of law in society.

They have opposing views about the nature of contractual obligations.

They differ in respect of their account of life before the social contract.

Answer:
(A) They adopt different attitudes towards the role of the courts in maintaining order.
(B) They disagree about the role of law in society.
(C) They have opposing views about the nature of contractual obligations.
(D) They differ in respect of their account of life before the social contract.


Nussbaum claims that to many current ethical theorists, turning to an ethical approach based on the virtues is connected with a turn toward:
(A) rationalism.
(B) empiricism.
(C) relativism.
(D) absolutism.

Question: Nussbaum claims that to many current ethical theorists, turning to an ethical approach based on the virtues is connected with a turn toward:

Answer:
(A) rationalism.
(B) empiricism.
(C) relativism.
(D) absolutism.


Statement 1 | Some abelian group of order 45 has a subgroup of order 10. Statement 2 | A subgroup H of a group G is a normal subgroup if and only if thenumber of left cosets of H is equal to the number of right cosets of H.
(A) True, True
(B) False, False
(C) True, False
(D) False, True

Question: Statement 1 | Some abelian group of order 45 has a subgroup of order 10. Statement 2 | A subgroup H of a group G is a normal subgroup if and only if thenumber of left cosets of H is equal to the number of right cosets of H.

Answer:
(A) True, True
(B) False, False
(C) True, False
(D) False, True


The strongest base in liquid ammonia is
(A) NH3
(B) NH2−
(C) NH4+
(D) N2H4

Question: The strongest base in liquid ammonia is

Answer:
(A) NH3
(B) NH2−
(C) NH4+
(D) N2H4


What is the mi'raj?
(A) Muhammad's miraculous ascent to heaven
(B) Muhammad's migration to Mecca
(C) Muhammad's first community in Mecca
(D) Muhammad's revelations of the Qur'an

Question: What is the mi'raj?

Answer:
(A) Muhammad's miraculous ascent to heaven
(B) Muhammad's migration to Mecca
(C) Muhammad's first community in Mecca
(D) Muhammad's revelations of the Qur'an


If you change the magnetic field in a closed loop of wire, what is created in the loop is a(n)
(A) current
(B) voltage
(C) electric field
(D) All of these

Question: If you change the magnetic field in a closed loop of wire, what is created in the loop is a(n)

Answer:
(A) current
(B) voltage
(C) electric field
(D) All of these


The effects of iron on certain aspects of socio-emotional development (shyness, orientation/engagement and response to unfamiliar pictures) is due to:

(A) The role of iron in myelination
(B) The role of iron in neurochemistry
(C) The role of iron in dopamine production
(D) None of the above

Question: The effects of iron on certain aspects of socio-emotional development (shyness, orientation/engagement and response to unfamiliar pictures) is due to:

Answer:
(A) The role of iron in myelination
(B) The role of iron in neurochemistry
(C) The role of iron in dopamine production
(D) None of the above


What would weigh the most on the moon?
(A) A kilogram of feathers
(B) Five pounds of bricks as measured on Earth
(C) Five kilograms of feathers
(D) A kilogram of bricks

Question: What would weigh the most on the moon?

Five pounds of bricks as measured on Earth

Answer:
(A) A kilogram of feathers
(B) Five pounds of bricks as measured on Earth
(C) Five kilograms of feathers
(D) A kilogram of bricks


This question refers to the following information.
One of the rights which the freeman has always guarded with most jealous care is that of enjoying the rewards of his own industry. Realizing that the power to tax is the power to destroy and that the power to take a certain amount of property or of income is only another way of saying that for a certain proportion of his time a citizen must work for the government, the authority to impose a tax on the people has been most carefully guarded.… A government which lays taxes on the people not required by urgent necessity and sound public policy is not a protector of liberty, but an instrument of tyranny. It condemns the citizen to tyranny. One of the first signs of the breaking down of free government is a disregard by the taxing power of the right of the people to their own property.… Unless the people can enjoy that reasonable security in the possession of their property, which is guaranteed by the Constitution, against unreasonable taxation, freedom is at an end.… With us economy is imperative. It is a full test of our national character.… It is always the people who toil that pay.
—Calvin Coolidge, "Economy in the Interest of All," June 30, 1924
Which of the following presidents would be most likely to share Coolidge's sentiments?
(A) Franklin D. Roosevelt
(B) Lyndon B. Johnson
(C) Ronald Reagan
(D) Barack Obama

Question:
This question refers to the following information.
One of the rights which the freeman has always guarded with most jealous care is that of enjoying the rewards of his own industry. Realizing that the power to tax is the power to destroy and that the power to take a certain amount of property or of income is only another way of saying that for a certain proportion of his time a citizen must work for the government, the authority to impose a tax on the people has been most carefully guarded.… A government which lays taxes on the people not required by urgent necessity and sound public policy is not a protector of liberty, but an instrument of tyranny. It condemns the citizen to tyranny. One of the first signs of the breaking down of free government is a disregard by the taxing power of the right of the people to their own property.… Unless the people can enjoy that reasonable security in the possession of their property, which is guaranteed by the Constitution, against unreasonable taxation, freedom is at an end.… With us economy is imperative. It is a full test of our national character.… It is always the people who toil that pay.
—Calvin Coolidge, "Economy in the Interest of All," June 30, 1924
Which of the following presidents would be most likely to share Coolidge's sentiments?

Answer:
(A) Franklin D. Roosevelt
(B) Lyndon B. Johnson
(C) Ronald Reagan
(D) Barack Obama


You bought a limousine for $98,000 and are planning to rent it for weddings, ceremonies and parties at $245 per hour. If you estimate the car will be hired for 2 hours a day on average, with daily costs at about $50, what is the estimated yearly yield on your investment if you work all year round, i.e. every day of the year, including any festivities and weekends?
(A) 164%
(B) 1.64%
(C) 0.45%
(D) 183%

Question: You bought a limousine for $98,000 and are planning to rent it for weddings, ceremonies and parties at $245 per hour. If you estimate the car will be hired for 2 hours a day on average, with daily costs at about $50, what is the estimated yearly yield on your investment if you work all year round, i.e. every day of the year, including any festivities and weekends?

Answer:
(A) 164%
(B) 1.64%
(C) 0.45%
(D) 183%


According to Stevenson, empirical methods:
(A) are never useful in resolving ethical disagreement.
(B) are sometimes useful in resolving ethical disagreement, but are not always sufficient.
(C) are in principle always sufficient for resolving ethical disagreement.
(D) provide the only responsible way to engage in moral philosophy.

Question: According to Stevenson, empirical methods:

are never useful in resolving ethical disagreement.

are sometimes useful in resolving ethical disagreement, but are not always sufficient.

are in principle always sufficient for resolving ethical disagreement.

provide the only responsible way to engage in moral philosophy.

Answer:
(A) are never useful in resolving ethical disagreement.
(B) are sometimes useful in resolving ethical disagreement, but are not always sufficient.
(C) are in principle always sufficient for resolving ethical disagreement.
(D) provide the only responsible way to engage in moral philosophy.


When light undergoes interference, it can sometimes
(A) build up to more than the sum of amplitudes
(B) cancel completely
(C) Both of these
(D) Neither of these

Question: When light undergoes interference, it can sometimes

build up to more than the sum of amplitudes

Answer:
(A) build up to more than the sum of amplitudes
(B) cancel completely
(C) Both of these
(D) Neither of these


Which proposition below is the most inconsistent with a consequentialist justification of punishment?
(A) Punishment protects security.
(B) Punishment is a cost-effective method by which to prevent or reduce crime.
(C) Punishment protects personal safety.
(D) Punishment should fit the crime.

Question: Which proposition below is the most inconsistent with a consequentialist justification of punishment?

Punishment is a cost-effective method by which to prevent or reduce crime.

Answer:
(A) Punishment protects security.
(B) Punishment is a cost-effective method by which to prevent or reduce crime.
(C) Punishment protects personal safety.
(D) Punishment should fit the crime.


An object is thrown horizontally from the open window of a building. If the initial speed of the object is 20 m/s and it hits the ground 2.0 s later, from what height was it thrown? (Neglect air resistance and assume the ground is level.)
(A) 4.9 m
(B) 9.8 m
(C) 10.0 m
(D) 19.6 m

Question: An object is thrown horizontally from the open window of a building. If the initial speed of the object is 20 m/s and it hits the ground 2.0 s later, from what height was it thrown? (Neglect air resistance and assume the ground is level.)

Answer:
(A) 4.9 m
(B) 9.8 m
(C) 10.0 m
(D) 19.6 m


Which of the following areas is not covered by the principles enshrined in the UN Global Compact?
(A) Human rights
(B) Labour
(C) Commercial performance
(D) Anti-corruption

Question: Which of the following areas is not covered by the principles enshrined in the UN Global Compact?

Answer:
(A) Human rights
(B) Labour
(C) Commercial performance
(D) Anti-corruption


The coefficient of the (x – 8)2 term in the Taylor polynomial for y = x2/3 around x = 8 is
(A) -1/144
(B) -1/72
(C) 1/144
(D) 1/6

Question: The coefficient of the (x – 8)2 term in the Taylor polynomial for y = x2/3 around x = 8 is

Answer:
(A) -1/144
(B) -1/72
(C) 1/144
(D) 1/6


Suppose X and Y are random variables with μx = 32, σx = 5, μy = 44, and σy = 12. Given that X and Y are independent, what are the mean and standard deviation of the random variable X + Y?
(A) μx+y = 76, σx+y = 8.5
(B) μx+y = 76, σx+y = 13
(C) μx+y = 76, σx+y = 17
(D) μx+y = 38, σx+y = 17

Question: Suppose X and Y are random variables with μx = 32, σx = 5, μy = 44, and σy = 12. Given that X and Y are independent, what are the mean and standard deviation of the random variable X + Y?

Answer:
(A) μx+y = 76, σx+y = 8.5
(B) μx+y = 76, σx+y = 13
(C) μx+y = 76, σx+y = 17
(D) μx+y = 38, σx+y = 17


What are, according to Wood (1991), the three outcomes of CSR?
(A) Social policies, Social programmes and Social impacts
(B) Social evaluations, Social programmes and Social impacts
(C) Social policies, Social evidencing and Social impacts
(D) Social policies, Social programmes and Social analysis

Question: What are, according to Wood (1991), the three outcomes of CSR?

Social policies, Social programmes and Social impacts

Social evaluations, Social programmes and Social impacts

Social policies, Social evidencing and Social impacts

Social policies, Social programmes and Social analysis

Answer:
(A) Social policies, Social programmes and Social impacts
(B) Social evaluations, Social programmes and Social impacts
(C) Social policies, Social evidencing and Social impacts
(D) Social policies, Social programmes and Social analysis


An outlier is an observation that
(A) is seen more frequently than the other observations in the data set
(B) is seen less frequently than the other observations in the data set
(C) is always smaller than the other observations in the data set
(D) is significantly different from the other observations in the data set

Question: An outlier is an observation that

is seen more frequently than the other observations in the data set

is seen less frequently than the other observations in the data set

is always smaller than the other observations in the data set

is significantly different from the other observations in the data set

Answer:
(A) is seen more frequently than the other observations in the data set
(B) is seen less frequently than the other observations in the data set
(C) is always smaller than the other observations in the data set
(D) is significantly different from the other observations in the data set


Overall, the growth rate of average incomes in less developed countries between 1960 and 1995
(A) was approximately zero
(B) exceeded that of high income countries
(C) exceeded that of Britain during the industrial revolution
(D) was approximately 3.0% per year

Question: Overall, the growth rate of average incomes in less developed countries between 1960 and 1995

exceeded that of Britain during the industrial revolution

Answer:
(A) was approximately zero
(B) exceeded that of high income countries
(C) exceeded that of Britain during the industrial revolution
(D) was approximately 3.0% per year


Who discovered the first virus?
(A) The microscopist Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
(B) The bacteriologist Charles Chamberland
(C) The botanist Dmitri Iwanowsky
(D) The virologist Jonas Salk

Question: Who discovered the first virus?

The microscopist Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

Answer:
(A) The microscopist Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
(B) The bacteriologist Charles Chamberland
(C) The botanist Dmitri Iwanowsky
(D) The virologist Jonas Salk


Let l = [1,2,2,3,4]. In Python3, what is a possible output of set(l)?
(A) {1}
(B) {1,2,2,3,4}
(C) {1,2,3,4}
(D) {4,3,2,2,1}

Question: Let l = [1,2,2,3,4]. In Python3, what is a possible output of set(l)?

Answer:
(A) {1}
(B) {1,2,2,3,4}
(C) {1,2,3,4}
(D) {4,3,2,2,1}


The Vietnam War can be understood as
(A) a war that deeply divided the United States and fostered cynicism toward the American government.
(B) an example of the doctrine of containment, because U.S. involvement was designed to prevent the fall of South Vietnam to the communists.
(C) an example of how even a great power may not be able to prevail against a determined enemy unless there is a clear objective and the national will to do so.
(D) All of the above are true.

Question: The Vietnam War can be understood as

a war that deeply divided the United States and fostered cynicism toward the American government.

an example of the doctrine of containment, because U.S. involvement was designed to prevent the fall of South Vietnam to the communists.

an example of how even a great power may not be able to prevail against a determined enemy unless there is a clear objective and the national will to do so.

Answer:
(A) a war that deeply divided the United States and fostered cynicism toward the American government.
(B) an example of the doctrine of containment, because U.S. involvement was designed to prevent the fall of South Vietnam to the communists.
(C) an example of how even a great power may not be able to prevail against a determined enemy unless there is a clear objective and the national will to do so.
(D) All of the above are true.


Let M be a 5 x 5 real matrix. Exactly four of the following five conditions on M are equivalent to each other. Which of the five conditions is equivalent to NONE of the other four?
(A) For any two distinct column vectors u and v of M, the set {u, v} is linearly independent.
(B) The homogeneous system Mx = 0 has only the trivial solution.
(C) The system of equations Mx = b has a unique solution for each real 5 x 1 column vector b.
(D) The determinant of M is nonzero.

Question: Let M be a 5 x 5 real matrix. Exactly four of the following five conditions on M are equivalent to each other. Which of the five conditions is equivalent to NONE of the other four?

For any two distinct column vectors u and v of M, the set {u, v} is linearly independent.

The homogeneous system Mx = 0 has only the trivial solution.

The system of equations Mx = b has a unique solution for each real 5 x 1 column vector b.

Answer:
(A) For any two distinct column vectors u and v of M, the set {u, v} is linearly independent.
(B) The homogeneous system Mx = 0 has only the trivial solution.
(C) The system of equations Mx = b has a unique solution for each real 5 x 1 column vector b.
(D) The determinant of M is nonzero.


During cooperative learning, all of the students in Group A members initially were opposed to the death penalty, whereas two of the students in Group B members were opposed to the death penalty and two were in favor of the death penalty. According to research, after an intense discussion within each group about capital punishment, we would expect
(A) both groups would moderate their positions
(B) Group A members would moderate their positions, but Group B members would retain their original positions
(C) Group A would become more firmly entrenched, while Group B members would moderate their positions
(D) Group A members would retain their original positions, but Group B members would moderate their positions

Question: During cooperative learning, all of the students in Group A members initially were opposed to the death penalty, whereas two of the students in Group B members were opposed to the death penalty and two were in favor of the death penalty. According to research, after an intense discussion within each group about capital punishment, we would expect

both groups would moderate their positions

Group A members would moderate their positions, but Group B members would retain their original positions

Group A would become more firmly entrenched, while Group B members would moderate their positions

Group A members would retain their original positions, but Group B members would moderate their positions

Answer:
(A) both groups would moderate their positions
(B) Group A members would moderate their positions, but Group B members would retain their original positions
(C) Group A would become more firmly entrenched, while Group B members would moderate their positions
(D) Group A members would retain their original positions, but Group B members would moderate their positions


Epicurus claims that all other virtues spring from:
(A) prudence.
(B) temperance.
(C) justice.
(D) courage.

Question: Epicurus claims that all other virtues spring from:

Answer:
(A) prudence.
(B) temperance.
(C) justice.
(D) courage.


Asking an obese person to restrict eating to limited situations, such as a specific place in the kitchen at particular predetermined times of day, is best described as an example of
(A) stimulus control
(B) response control
(C) seif-punishment
(D) self-monitoring

Question: Asking an obese person to restrict eating to limited situations, such as a specific place in the kitchen at particular predetermined times of day, is best described as an example of

Answer:
(A) stimulus control
(B) response control
(C) seif-punishment
(D) self-monitoring


When a fusion reaction converts a pair of hydrogen isotopes to an alpha particle and a neutron most of the energy released is in the form of
(A) gamma radiation.
(B) kinetic energy of the alpha particle.
(C) kinetic energy of the neutron.
(D) All of these about equally.

Question: When a fusion reaction converts a pair of hydrogen isotopes to an alpha particle and a neutron most of the energy released is in the form of

Answer:
(A) gamma radiation.
(B) kinetic energy of the alpha particle.
(C) kinetic energy of the neutron.
(D) All of these about equally.


Which would be the easiest way to burn an iron nail?
(A) Hold an iron nail with crucible tongs, and heat strongly in the flame of a Bunsen burner.
(B) Use the method in (A), but use an oxyacetylene torch to reach a higher temperature.
(C) Grind the nail into very small, dust-sized particles, and spray them into a flame
(D) Dissolve the nail in acid to make the oxide.

Question: Which would be the easiest way to burn an iron nail?

Hold an iron nail with crucible tongs, and heat strongly in the flame of a Bunsen burner.

Use the method in (A), but use an oxyacetylene torch to reach a higher temperature.

Grind the nail into very small, dust-sized particles, and spray them into a flame

Dissolve the nail in acid to make the oxide.

Answer:
(A) Hold an iron nail with crucible tongs, and heat strongly in the flame of a Bunsen burner.
(B) Use the method in (A), but use an oxyacetylene torch to reach a higher temperature.
(C) Grind the nail into very small, dust-sized particles, and spray them into a flame
(D) Dissolve the nail in acid to make the oxide.


Which of the following statements are true concerning maximum likelihood (ML) estimation in the context of GARCH models?

i) Maximum likelihood estimation selects the parameter values that maximise the

probability that we would have actually observed the values of the series y that we

actually did.

ii) GARCH models can only be estimated by ML and not by OLS

iii) For estimation of a standard linear model (with no GARCH), the OLS and ML

estimates for the slope and intercept parameters will be identical but the estimator

for the variance of the disturbances is slightly different

iv) Most computer packages use numerical procedures to estimate GARCH models

rather than a set of analytical formulae
(A) (ii) and (iv) only
(B) (i) and (iii) only
(C) (i), (ii), and (iii) only
(D) (i), (ii), (iii), and (iv)

Question:
Which of the following statements are true concerning maximum likelihood (ML) estimation in the context of GARCH models?

i) Maximum likelihood estimation selects the parameter values that maximise the

probability that we would have actually observed the values of the series y that we

actually did.

ii) GARCH models can only be estimated by ML and not by OLS

iii) For estimation of a standard linear model (with no GARCH), the OLS and ML

estimates for the slope and intercept parameters will be identical but the estimator

for the variance of the disturbances is slightly different

iv) Most computer packages use numerical procedures to estimate GARCH models

rather than a set of analytical formulae

Answer:
(A) (ii) and (iv) only
(B) (i) and (iii) only
(C) (i), (ii), and (iii) only
(D) (i), (ii), (iii), and (iv)


A microprocessor is ALU
(A) and control unit on a single chip.
(B) and memory on a single chip.
(C) register unit and I/O device on a single chip.
(D) register unit and control unit on a single chip.

Question: A microprocessor is ALU

register unit and I/O device on a single chip.

register unit and control unit on a single chip.

Answer:
(A) and control unit on a single chip.
(B) and memory on a single chip.
(C) register unit and I/O device on a single chip.
(D) register unit and control unit on a single chip.


Which of the following is typically associated with having a vasectomy?
(A) decreased testosterone production
(B) reduced rigidity of erections
(C) decreased sperm production
(D) normal orgasm

Question: Which of the following is typically associated with having a vasectomy?

Answer:
(A) decreased testosterone production
(B) reduced rigidity of erections
(C) decreased sperm production
(D) normal orgasm


The lunar maria are:
(A) ancient heavily cratered highlands
(B) dark lavas inside volcanic calderas
(C) dark lavas filling older impact basins
(D) the bright regions on the Moon

Question: The lunar maria are:

Answer:
(A) ancient heavily cratered highlands
(B) dark lavas inside volcanic calderas
(C) dark lavas filling older impact basins
(D) the bright regions on the Moon


The illumination at a point 5 meters below a lamp in 6 lux. The candle power of the lamp is
(A) 30
(B) 140.
(C) 150.
(D) 200.

Question: The illumination at a point 5 meters below a lamp in 6 lux. The candle power of the lamp is

Answer:
(A) 30
(B) 140.
(C) 150.
(D) 200.


Two objects, A and B, have equal charge and equal mass. Neither body is in motion because the gravitational and electrostatic forces between them are equal. If the mass of Object A is halved, equilibrium will be maintained if
(A) the charge on Object A were doubled
(B) the charge on Object B were halved
(C) the charge on Object B were doubled
(D) the mass on Object B were halved

Question: Two objects, A and B, have equal charge and equal mass. Neither body is in motion because the gravitational and electrostatic forces between them are equal. If the mass of Object A is halved, equilibrium will be maintained if

Answer:
(A) the charge on Object A were doubled
(B) the charge on Object B were halved
(C) the charge on Object B were doubled
(D) the mass on Object B were halved


JD Unwin's book _Sex and Culture_ argues what two things are linked?
(A) homosexuality in sons with distant fathers
(B) sexual abuse and Christianity
(C) civilizational collapse and promiscuity
(D) anthropology and evolution

Question: JD Unwin's book _Sex and Culture_ argues what two things are linked?

homosexuality in sons with distant fathers

Answer:
(A) homosexuality in sons with distant fathers
(B) sexual abuse and Christianity
(C) civilizational collapse and promiscuity
(D) anthropology and evolution


Why did Americans believe that they could found a different kind of empire after 1776?
(A) This would be an 'empire of liberty'
(B) This empire would be multi-cultural
(C) This type of empire would be based on expansion
(D) This would be empire free of slavery

Question: Why did Americans believe that they could found a different kind of empire after 1776?

This type of empire would be based on expansion

Answer:
(A) This would be an 'empire of liberty'
(B) This empire would be multi-cultural
(C) This type of empire would be based on expansion
(D) This would be empire free of slavery


In python 3, which of the following is floor division?
(A) /
(B) //
(C) %
(D) |

Question: In python 3, which of the following is floor division?

Answer:
(A) /
(B) //
(C) %
(D) |


Which of the following are advantages of the VAR approach to modelling the relationship between variables relative to the estimation of full structural models?

i) VARs receive strong motivation from financial and economic theory

ii) VARs in their reduced forms can be used easily to produce time-series forecasts

iii) VAR models are typically highly parsimonious

iv) OLS can be applied separately to each equation in a reduced form VAR
(A) (ii) and (iv) only
(B) (i) and (iii) only
(C) (i), (ii), and (iii) only
(D) (i), (ii), (iii), and (iv)

Question:
Which of the following are advantages of the VAR approach to modelling the relationship between variables relative to the estimation of full structural models?

i) VARs receive strong motivation from financial and economic theory

ii) VARs in their reduced forms can be used easily to produce time-series forecasts

iii) VAR models are typically highly parsimonious

iv) OLS can be applied separately to each equation in a reduced form VAR

Answer:
(A) (ii) and (iv) only
(B) (i) and (iii) only
(C) (i), (ii), and (iii) only
(D) (i), (ii), (iii), and (iv)


Sofia and Tess will each randomly choose one of the 10 integers from 1 to 10. What is the probability that neither integer chosen will be the square of the other?
(A) 0.64
(B) 0.72
(C) 0.81
(D) 0.95

Question: Sofia and Tess will each randomly choose one of the 10 integers from 1 to 10. What is the probability that neither integer chosen will be the square of the other?

Answer:
(A) 0.64
(B) 0.72
(C) 0.81
(D) 0.95


This question refers to the following information.
"We are not Europeans; we are not Indians; we are but a mixed species of aborigines and Spaniards. Americans by birth and Europeans by law, we find ourselves engaged in a dual conflict: we are disputing with the natives for titles of ownership, and at the same time we are struggling to maintain ourselves in the country that gave us birth against the opposition of the invaders. Thus our position is most extraordinary and complicated. But there is more. As our role has always been strictly passive and political existence nil, we find that our quest for liberty is now even more difficult of accomplishment; for we, having been placed in a state lower than slavery, had been robbed not only of our freedom but also of the right to exercise an active domestic tyranny…We have been ruled more by deceit than by force, and we have been degraded more by vice than by superstition. Slavery is the daughter of darkness: an ignorant people is a blind instrument of its own destruction. Ambition and intrigue abuses the credulity and experience of men lacking all political, economic, and civic knowledge; they adopt pure illusion as reality; they take license for liberty, treachery for patriotism, and vengeance for justice. If a people, perverted by their training, succeed in achieving their liberty, they will soon lose it, for it would be of no avail to endeavor to explain to them that happiness consists in the practice of virtue; that the rule of law is more powerful than the rule of tyrants, because, as the laws are more inflexible, every one should submit to their beneficent austerity; that proper morals, and not force, are the bases of law; and that to practice justice is to practice liberty."
Simón de Bolívar, Message to the Congress of Angostura, 1819
The author of this text expresses a belief in which of the following as requirements for a properly functioning legal system?
(A) Truth and religion
(B) Freedom and democracy
(C) Intelligence and order
(D) Morality and justice

Question:
This question refers to the following information.
"We are not Europeans; we are not Indians; we are but a mixed species of aborigines and Spaniards. Americans by birth and Europeans by law, we find ourselves engaged in a dual conflict: we are disputing with the natives for titles of ownership, and at the same time we are struggling to maintain ourselves in the country that gave us birth against the opposition of the invaders. Thus our position is most extraordinary and complicated. But there is more. As our role has always been strictly passive and political existence nil, we find that our quest for liberty is now even more difficult of accomplishment; for we, having been placed in a state lower than slavery, had been robbed not only of our freedom but also of the right to exercise an active domestic tyranny…We have been ruled more by deceit than by force, and we have been degraded more by vice than by superstition. Slavery is the daughter of darkness: an ignorant people is a blind instrument of its own destruction. Ambition and intrigue abuses the credulity and experience of men lacking all political, economic, and civic knowledge; they adopt pure illusion as reality; they take license for liberty, treachery for patriotism, and vengeance for justice. If a people, perverted by their training, succeed in achieving their liberty, they will soon lose it, for it would be of no avail to endeavor to explain to them that happiness consists in the practice of virtue; that the rule of law is more powerful than the rule of tyrants, because, as the laws are more inflexible, every one should submit to their beneficent austerity; that proper morals, and not force, are the bases of law; and that to practice justice is to practice liberty."
Simón de Bolívar, Message to the Congress of Angostura, 1819
The author of this text expresses a belief in which of the following as requirements for a properly functioning legal system?

Answer:
(A) Truth and religion
(B) Freedom and democracy
(C) Intelligence and order
(D) Morality and justice


Under ethical ________ objective moral principles can be rationally determined, while ethical under ________ morality is both context dependant and subjective.
(A) Normativity, Relativism
(B) Absolutism, Relativism
(C) Relativism, Absolutism
(D) Absolutism, Normativity

Question: Under ethical ________ objective moral principles can be rationally determined, while ethical under ________ morality is both context dependant and subjective.

Answer:
(A) Normativity, Relativism
(B) Absolutism, Relativism
(C) Relativism, Absolutism
(D) Absolutism, Normativity


What is the richest form of information?
(A) Telephone
(B) Face-to-face
(C) E-mail
(D) Video conference

Question: What is the richest form of information?

Answer:
(A) Telephone
(B) Face-to-face
(C) E-mail
(D) Video conference


Of the following anatomical structures, which is homologous to the wing of a bird?
(A) Dorsal fin of a shark
(B) Hindlimb of a kangaroo
(C) Wing of a butterfly
(D) Flipper of a cetacean

Question: Of the following anatomical structures, which is homologous to the wing of a bird?

Answer:
(A) Dorsal fin of a shark
(B) Hindlimb of a kangaroo
(C) Wing of a butterfly
(D) Flipper of a cetacean


 Use the following key to translate the given formula of PL to natural, English sentences.
A: Marina reads a Percy Jackson book.
B: Izzy plays Minecraft.
C: Emily stops working.
D: Russell makes dinner.
E: Ashleigh stops by.
(~B • E) ⊃ D
(A) If it's not the case that both Izzy plays Minecraft and Ashleigh stops by then Russell makes dinner.
(B) If it's both not the case that Izzy plays Minecraft and Ashleigh stops by then Russell makes dinner.
(C) Izzy playing Minecraft and Ashleigh stopping by entails that Russell makes dinner.
(D) Russell's making dinner is a sufficient condition for Izzy not playing Minecraft and Ashleigh stopping by.

Question:
 Use the following key to translate the given formula of PL to natural, English sentences.
A: Marina reads a Percy Jackson book.
B: Izzy plays Minecraft.
C: Emily stops working.
D: Russell makes dinner.
E: Ashleigh stops by.
(~B • E) ⊃ D

If it's not the case that both Izzy plays Minecraft and Ashleigh stops by then Russell makes dinner.

If it's both not the case that Izzy plays Minecraft and Ashleigh stops by then Russell makes dinner.

Izzy playing Minecraft and Ashleigh stopping by entails that Russell makes dinner.

Russell's making dinner is a sufficient condition for Izzy not playing Minecraft and Ashleigh stopping by.

Answer:
(A) If it's not the case that both Izzy plays Minecraft and Ashleigh stops by then Russell makes dinner.
(B) If it's both not the case that Izzy plays Minecraft and Ashleigh stops by then Russell makes dinner.
(C) Izzy playing Minecraft and Ashleigh stopping by entails that Russell makes dinner.
(D) Russell's making dinner is a sufficient condition for Izzy not playing Minecraft and Ashleigh stopping by.


If N is the number of instances in the training dataset, nearest neighbors has a classification run time of
(A) O(1)
(B) O( N )
(C) O(log N )
(D) O( N^2 )

Question: If N is the number of instances in the training dataset, nearest neighbors has a classification run time of

Answer:
(A) O(1)
(B) O( N )
(C) O(log N )
(D) O( N^2 )


Nell decides not to throw her stuffed animal in the toilet after she witnesses her brother Matthew being punished for putting his stuffed animal in the toilet. Nell's decision exemplifies
(A) prepared conditioning
(B) tutelage
(C) scheduled reinforcement
(D) vicarious learning

Question: Nell decides not to throw her stuffed animal in the toilet after she witnesses her brother Matthew being punished for putting his stuffed animal in the toilet. Nell's decision exemplifies

Answer:
(A) prepared conditioning
(B) tutelage
(C) scheduled reinforcement
(D) vicarious learning


How many numbers are in the list $25, 26, 27, \ldots, 99, 100 ?$
(A) 75
(B) 76
(C) 22
(D) 23

Question: How many numbers are in the list $25, 26, 27, \ldots, 99, 100 ?$

Answer:
(A) 75
(B) 76
(C) 22
(D) 23


Refer to question 15 for details on the squirrel population. Which of the following conditions is required to keep this population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
(A) Random mating
(B) Genetic drift
(C) Mutation
(D) Gene flow

Question: Refer to question 15 for details on the squirrel population. Which of the following conditions is required to keep this population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Answer:
(A) Random mating
(B) Genetic drift
(C) Mutation
(D) Gene flow


Sexual dimorphism is most often a result of
(A) pansexual selection.
(B) stabilizing selection.
(C) intrasexual selection.
(D) intersexual selection.

Question: Sexual dimorphism is most often a result of

Answer:
(A) pansexual selection.
(B) stabilizing selection.
(C) intrasexual selection.
(D) intersexual selection.


The major concentrations of proprioceptive receptors providing information about position of the TMJ are located in
(A) the capsule and ligaments of the TMJ and the medial pterygoid muscle.
(B) the capsule and ligaments of the TMJ and the lateral pterygoid muscle.
(C) the articular disc of the TMJ and the medial pterygoid muscle.
(D) the articular disc of the TMJ and the lateral pterygoid muscle.

Question: The major concentrations of proprioceptive receptors providing information about position of the TMJ are located in

the capsule and ligaments of the TMJ and the medial pterygoid muscle.

the capsule and ligaments of the TMJ and the lateral pterygoid muscle.

the articular disc of the TMJ and the medial pterygoid muscle.

the articular disc of the TMJ and the lateral pterygoid muscle.

Answer:
(A) the capsule and ligaments of the TMJ and the medial pterygoid muscle.
(B) the capsule and ligaments of the TMJ and the lateral pterygoid muscle.
(C) the articular disc of the TMJ and the medial pterygoid muscle.
(D) the articular disc of the TMJ and the lateral pterygoid muscle.


The largest increase in peacetime defense spending in American history occurred under which president?
(A) Jimmy Carter
(B) Ronald Reagan
(C) Bill Clinton
(D) Dwight Eisenhower

Question: The largest increase in peacetime defense spending in American history occurred under which president?

Answer:
(A) Jimmy Carter
(B) Ronald Reagan
(C) Bill Clinton
(D) Dwight Eisenhower


Rosa has a goal of running a total of 100 miles this month. Each day that she ran, she ran 5 miles. Which expression could Rosa use to determine how many miles she has left to run after running for d days?
(A) 100 — 5d
(B) 5d+ 100
(C) 100 / 5d
(D) 5d

Question: Rosa has a goal of running a total of 100 miles this month. Each day that she ran, she ran 5 miles. Which expression could Rosa use to determine how many miles she has left to run after running for d days?

Answer:
(A) 100 — 5d
(B) 5d+ 100
(C) 100 / 5d
(D) 5d


The reaction time difference between younger and older adults is reduced when older adults
(A) Practice regular aerobic exercise
(B) Lift weights on a regular schedule
(C) Consume large quantities of vitamins
(D) Practice Tai chi

Question: The reaction time difference between younger and older adults is reduced when older adults

Answer:
(A) Practice regular aerobic exercise
(B) Lift weights on a regular schedule
(C) Consume large quantities of vitamins
(D) Practice Tai chi


Which of the following is most likely to result in a shift to the right in the demand curve for orange juice?
(A) A bumper crop of oranges in Florida
(B) A decrease in the price of Tang
(C) Expectations of lower future prices for orange juice
(D) Expectations of higher future income among juice drinkers

Question: Which of the following is most likely to result in a shift to the right in the demand curve for orange juice?

Expectations of lower future prices for orange juice

Expectations of higher future income among juice drinkers

Answer:
(A) A bumper crop of oranges in Florida
(B) A decrease in the price of Tang
(C) Expectations of lower future prices for orange juice
(D) Expectations of higher future income among juice drinkers


Which of the following U.S. main immigration flow associations is NOT correct?
(A) Pioneer settlement to 1870—Germans, British, Scotch-Irish, Africans
(B) 1870–1914—Asians
(C) 1870–1914—Eastern and southern Europeans
(D) 1965–present—Hispanics

Question: Which of the following U.S. main immigration flow associations is NOT correct?

Pioneer settlement to 1870—Germans, British, Scotch-Irish, Africans

1870–1914—Eastern and southern Europeans

Answer:
(A) Pioneer settlement to 1870—Germans, British, Scotch-Irish, Africans
(B) 1870–1914—Asians
(C) 1870–1914—Eastern and southern Europeans
(D) 1965–present—Hispanics


A stem-boring beetle has laid its eggs in the center of a 5-year-old wood twig, and the eggs have matured into larvae. In proper order (inside to outside), what tissues and tissue regions would the larvae encounter as they eat their way toward the outside of the twig? (For simplicity, assume that the epidermis has already fallen off completely.)
(A) Pith; primary xylem; secondary xylem; vascular cambium; primary phloem; secondary phloem; cortex
(B) Pith; secondary xylem; primary xylem; vascular cambium; secondary phloem; primary phloem; cortex
(C) Pith; secondary xylem; primary xylem; vascular cambium; primary phloem; secondary phloem; cortex
(D) Pith; primary xylem; secondary xylem; vascular cambium; secondary phloem; primary phloem; cortex

Question: A stem-boring beetle has laid its eggs in the center of a 5-year-old wood twig, and the eggs have matured into larvae. In proper order (inside to outside), what tissues and tissue regions would the larvae encounter as they eat their way toward the outside of the twig? (For simplicity, assume that the epidermis has already fallen off completely.)

Pith; primary xylem; secondary xylem; vascular cambium; primary phloem; secondary phloem; cortex

Pith; secondary xylem; primary xylem; vascular cambium; secondary phloem; primary phloem; cortex

Pith; secondary xylem; primary xylem; vascular cambium; primary phloem; secondary phloem; cortex

Pith; primary xylem; secondary xylem; vascular cambium; secondary phloem; primary phloem; cortex

Answer:
(A) Pith; primary xylem; secondary xylem; vascular cambium; primary phloem; secondary phloem; cortex
(B) Pith; secondary xylem; primary xylem; vascular cambium; secondary phloem; primary phloem; cortex
(C) Pith; secondary xylem; primary xylem; vascular cambium; primary phloem; secondary phloem; cortex
(D) Pith; primary xylem; secondary xylem; vascular cambium; secondary phloem; primary phloem; cortex


Which of the following is an example of a bulk-gaining industry?
(A) Steel
(B) Bottled orange juice
(C) Paper
(D) Copper

Question: Which of the following is an example of a bulk-gaining industry?

Answer:
(A) Steel
(B) Bottled orange juice
(C) Paper
(D) Copper


Cognitivists claim that classical conditioning results from
(A) an association between the unconditioned stimulus and the unconditioned response
(B) an association between the unconditioned stimulus and the conditioned stimulus
(C) an association between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned response
(D) an expectation of what is coming following the conditioned stimulus

Question: Cognitivists claim that classical conditioning results from

an association between the unconditioned stimulus and the unconditioned response

an association between the unconditioned stimulus and the conditioned stimulus

an association between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned response

an expectation of what is coming following the conditioned stimulus

Answer:
(A) an association between the unconditioned stimulus and the unconditioned response
(B) an association between the unconditioned stimulus and the conditioned stimulus
(C) an association between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned response
(D) an expectation of what is coming following the conditioned stimulus


Which of the following is NOT one of the 3 forms of violence identified by postcolonialism?
(A) Material violence.
(B) Epistemic violence.
(C) Structural violence.
(D) Pervasive violence.

Question: Which of the following is NOT one of the 3 forms of violence identified by postcolonialism?

Answer:
(A) Material violence.
(B) Epistemic violence.
(C) Structural violence.
(D) Pervasive violence.


Stevie Wonder and Michael Jackson have both recorded duets with which former Beatle?
(A) Paul McCartney
(B) John Lennon
(C) George Harrison
(D) Ringo Starr

Question: Stevie Wonder and Michael Jackson have both recorded duets with which former Beatle?

Answer:
(A) Paul McCartney
(B) John Lennon
(C) George Harrison
(D) Ringo Starr


Information coming into our cognitive system is thought to first enter a
(A) Sensory memory
(B) Perceptual processor
(C) Working memory
(D) Meta-memory

Question: Information coming into our cognitive system is thought to first enter a

Answer:
(A) Sensory memory
(B) Perceptual processor
(C) Working memory
(D) Meta-memory


How does rubella cause foetal abnormalities?
(A) By crossing the placenta early in pregnancy and infecting the foetus
(B) By only infecting the placenta
(C) By inducing cytokines and chemokines in the mother
(D) By raising the temperature of the mother and inducing an abnormal immune reaction to the foetus

Question: How does rubella cause foetal abnormalities?

By crossing the placenta early in pregnancy and infecting the foetus

By inducing cytokines and chemokines in the mother

By raising the temperature of the mother and inducing an abnormal immune reaction to the foetus

Answer:
(A) By crossing the placenta early in pregnancy and infecting the foetus
(B) By only infecting the placenta
(C) By inducing cytokines and chemokines in the mother
(D) By raising the temperature of the mother and inducing an abnormal immune reaction to the foetus


What happens to the pressure, P, of an ideal gas if the temperature is increased by a factor of 2 and the volume is increased by a factor of 8 ?
(A) P decreases by a factor of 16.
(B) P decreases by a factor of 4.
(C) P decreases by a factor of 2.
(D) P increases by a factor of 4.

Question: What happens to the pressure, P, of an ideal gas if the temperature is increased by a factor of 2 and the volume is increased by a factor of 8 ?

Answer:
(A) P decreases by a factor of 16.
(B) P decreases by a factor of 4.
(C) P decreases by a factor of 2.
(D) P increases by a factor of 4.


Some of Mars'water is frozen in the soil and the ice caps and some was lost due to solar wind stripping but much of the original water is thought to have been lost through another mechanism. What happened to this "lost"water?
(A) it was stripped away by the magnetic field when it rapidly decreased in strength
(B) it was broken into hydrogen and oxygen by ultraviolet light and the hydrogen was lost through thermal escape
(C) it was consumed by a civilization of thirsty Martians
(D) it was vaporized during a period of intense volcanism and was lost to space through thermal escape

Question: Some of Mars'water is frozen in the soil and the ice caps and some was lost due to solar wind stripping but much of the original water is thought to have been lost through another mechanism. What happened to this "lost"water?

it was stripped away by the magnetic field when it rapidly decreased in strength

it was broken into hydrogen and oxygen by ultraviolet light and the hydrogen was lost through thermal escape

it was consumed by a civilization of thirsty Martians

it was vaporized during a period of intense volcanism and was lost to space through thermal escape

Answer:
(A) it was stripped away by the magnetic field when it rapidly decreased in strength
(B) it was broken into hydrogen and oxygen by ultraviolet light and the hydrogen was lost through thermal escape
(C) it was consumed by a civilization of thirsty Martians
(D) it was vaporized during a period of intense volcanism and was lost to space through thermal escape


Oxygen is used:
(A) in glycolysis.
(B) in the conversion of fatty acids to acetyl CoA.
(C) in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (Krebs' cycle).
(D) in glycogenolysis.

Question: Oxygen is used:

in the conversion of fatty acids to acetyl CoA.

in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (Krebs' cycle).

Answer:
(A) in glycolysis.
(B) in the conversion of fatty acids to acetyl CoA.
(C) in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (Krebs' cycle).
(D) in glycogenolysis.


This question refers to the following information.
"A specter is haunting Europe-the specter of Communism. All the powers of old Europe have entered into a holy alliance to exorcise this specter; Pope and Czar, Metternich and Guizot, French radicals and German police spies.
Two things result from this fact.
I. Communism is already acknowledged by all European powers to be in itself a power.
II. It is high time that Communists should openly, in the face of the whole world, publish their views, their aims, their tendencies, and meet this nursery tale of the Specter of Communism with a Manifesto of the party itself."
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, The Communist Manifesto, 1848
To modern historians, the publication of this pamphlet is remembered for coinciding with which of the following events?
(A) A series of revolutions that gripped Europe in the same year
(B) The Ottoman Empire's increasing pressure upon the Greek Peninsula
(C) A new system of underground pamphlet distribution
(D) The re-emergence of anti-Semitism as a potent European force

Question:
This question refers to the following information.
"A specter is haunting Europe-the specter of Communism. All the powers of old Europe have entered into a holy alliance to exorcise this specter; Pope and Czar, Metternich and Guizot, French radicals and German police spies.
Two things result from this fact.
I. Communism is already acknowledged by all European powers to be in itself a power.
II. It is high time that Communists should openly, in the face of the whole world, publish their views, their aims, their tendencies, and meet this nursery tale of the Specter of Communism with a Manifesto of the party itself."
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, The Communist Manifesto, 1848
To modern historians, the publication of this pamphlet is remembered for coinciding with which of the following events?

A series of revolutions that gripped Europe in the same year

The Ottoman Empire's increasing pressure upon the Greek Peninsula

A new system of underground pamphlet distribution

The re-emergence of anti-Semitism as a potent European force

Answer:
(A) A series of revolutions that gripped Europe in the same year
(B) The Ottoman Empire's increasing pressure upon the Greek Peninsula
(C) A new system of underground pamphlet distribution
(D) The re-emergence of anti-Semitism as a potent European force