Target family: Carbonic anhydrases (type: enzyme)
Target: carbonic anhydrase 7

Ligand: acetazolamide (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1995)
Primary target: yes
Median affinity: 8.600000381469727 pKi
Reference (Journal): Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. The X-ray crystal structure of human isoform II in adduct with an adamantyl analogue of acetazolamide resides in a less utilized binding pocket than most hydrophobic inhibitors.
Published in: Bioorg Med Chem Lett

Ligand: amphetamine (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Activator
Action: Activation
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (no history prior to 1976)
Primary target: no
Median affinity:  -
Reference (Journal): Sulfur, selenium and tellurium containing amines act as effective carbonic anhydrase activators.
Published in: Bioorg Chem

Ligand: brinzolamide (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1998), EMA (2000)
Primary target: yes
Median affinity: 8.550000190734863 pKi
Reference (Journal): Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: synthesis and inhibition of the human carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II, VII, IX and XII with benzene sulfonamides incorporating 4,5,6,7-tetrabromophthalimide moiety.
Published in: Bioorg Med Chem

Ligand: chlorthalidone (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1960), UK (1998)
Primary target: yes
Median affinity: 8.550000190734863 pKi
Reference (Journal): Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Comparison of chlorthalidone, indapamide, trichloromethiazide, and furosemide X-ray crystal structures in adducts with isozyme II, when several water molecules make the difference.
Published in: Bioorg Med Chem

Ligand: dorzolamide (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1994)
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 8.460000038146973 pKi
Reference (Journal): Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: synthesis and inhibition of the human carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II, VII, IX and XII with benzene sulfonamides incorporating 4,5,6,7-tetrabromophthalimide moiety.
Published in: Bioorg Med Chem

Ligand: ethoxzolamide (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 9.100000381469727 pKi
Reference (Journal): Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: synthesis and inhibition of the human carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II, VII, IX and XII with benzene sulfonamides incorporating 4,5,6,7-tetrabromophthalimide moiety.
Published in: Bioorg Med Chem

Ligand: histamine (Metabolite)
Interaction type: Activator
Action: Activation
Ligand approved: no
Primary target: no
Median affinity:  -
Reference (Journal): Sulfur, selenium and tellurium containing amines act as effective carbonic anhydrase activators.
Published in: Bioorg Chem

Ligand: indisulam (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: no
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 6.909999847412109 pKi
Reference (Journal): Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: synthesis and inhibition of the human carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II, VII, IX and XII with benzene sulfonamides incorporating 4,5,6,7-tetrabromophthalimide moiety.
Published in: Bioorg Med Chem

Ligand: L-histidine (Metabolite)
Interaction type: Activator
Action: Activation
Ligand approved: no
Primary target: no
Median affinity:  -
Reference (Journal): Carbonic anhydrase activators. Activation of isozymes I, II, IV, VA, VII, and XIV with l- and d-histidine and crystallographic analysis of their adducts with isoform II: engineering proton-transfer processes within the active site of an enzyme.
Published in: Chemistry

Ligand: methazolamide (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1959)
Primary target: yes
Median affinity: 8.680000305175781 pKi
Reference (Journal): Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: synthesis and inhibition of the human carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II, VII, IX and XII with benzene sulfonamides incorporating 4,5,6,7-tetrabromophthalimide moiety.
Published in: Bioorg Med Chem

Ligand: salvianolic acid A (Natural product)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: no
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 7.150000095367432 pKi
Reference (Journal): New natural product carbonic anhydrase inhibitors incorporating phenol moieties.
Published in: Bioorg Med Chem

Ligand: sulpiride (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 5.440000057220459 pKi
Reference (Journal): Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: synthesis and inhibition of the human carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II, VII, IX and XII with benzene sulfonamides incorporating 4,5,6,7-tetrabromophthalimide moiety.
Published in: Bioorg Med Chem

Ligand: topiramate (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1996)
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 9.050000190734863 pKi
Reference (Journal): Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: synthesis and inhibition of the human carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II, VII, IX and XII with benzene sulfonamides incorporating 4,5,6,7-tetrabromophthalimide moiety.
Published in: Bioorg Med Chem

Ligand: zonisamide (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (2000), EMA (2005)
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 6.929999828338623 pKi
Reference (Journal): Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: synthesis and inhibition of the human carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II, VII, IX and XII with benzene sulfonamides incorporating 4,5,6,7-tetrabromophthalimide moiety.
Published in: Bioorg Med Chem