Target family: Carbonic anhydrases (type: enzyme)
Target: carbonic anhydrase 4

Ligand: acetazolamide (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1995)
Primary target: no
Median affinity:  pKi
Reference (Journal): Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. The X-ray crystal structure of human isoform II in adduct with an adamantyl analogue of acetazolamide resides in a less utilized binding pocket than most hydrophobic inhibitors.
Published in: Bioorg Med Chem Lett

Ligand: acetazolamide (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1995)
Primary target: no
Median affinity:  pKi
Reference (Journal): Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Novel sulfanilamide/acetazolamide derivatives obtained by the tail approach and their interaction with the cytosolic isozymes I and II, and the tumor-associated isozyme IX.
Published in: Bioorg Med Chem Lett

Ligand: chlorthalidone (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1960), UK (1998)
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 6.710000038146973 pKi
Reference (Journal): Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Comparison of chlorthalidone, indapamide, trichloromethiazide, and furosemide X-ray crystal structures in adducts with isozyme II, when several water molecules make the difference.
Published in: Bioorg Med Chem

Ligand: compound 5a [PMID: 31287314] (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: no
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 5 pKi
Reference (Journal): Synthesis and Evaluation of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors with Carbon Monoxide Releasing Properties for the Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Published in: J Med Chem

Ligand: compound 5b [PMID: 31287314] (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: no
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 6.03000020980835 pKi
Reference (Journal): Synthesis and Evaluation of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors with Carbon Monoxide Releasing Properties for the Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Published in: J Med Chem

Ligand: diclofenamide (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1958)
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 4.820000171661377 pKi
Reference (Journal): Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: clash with Ala65 as a means for designing inhibitors with low affinity for the ubiquitous isozyme II, exemplified by the crystal structure of the topiramate sulfamide analogue.
Published in: J Med Chem

Ligand: methazolamide (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1959)
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 7.619999885559082 pKi
Reference (Journal): Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: inhibition of the transmembrane isozyme XIV with sulfonamides.
Published in: Bioorg Med Chem Lett

Ligand: salvianolic acid A (Natural product)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: no
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 7.170000076293945 pKi
Reference (Journal): New natural product carbonic anhydrase inhibitors incorporating phenol moieties.
Published in: Bioorg Med Chem

Ligand: topiramate (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1996)
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 7.369999885559082 pKi
Reference (Journal): Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: inhibition of the transmembrane isozyme XIV with sulfonamides.
Published in: Bioorg Med Chem Lett