Target family: Cyclooxygenase (type: enzyme)
Target: COX-1

Ligand: aspirin (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (no history prior to 1965)
Primary target: yes
Median affinity: 3.25 pIC50
Reference (Journal): Synthesis and biological evaluation of salicylic acid and N-acetyl-2-carboxybenzenesulfonamide regioisomers possessing a N-difluoromethyl-1,2-dihydropyrid-2-one pharmacophore: dual inhibitors of cyclooxygenases and 5-lipoxygenase with anti-inflammatory activity.
Published in: Bioorg Med Chem Lett

Ligand: bromfenac (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (2004), EMA (2011)
Primary target: yes
Median affinity: 8.069999694824219 pIC50
Reference (Webpage): National Toxicology Program: Dept of Health and Human Services.

Ligand: celecoxib (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1998)
Primary target: no
Median affinity:  pIC50
Reference (Journal): Discovery of new indomethacin-based analogs with potentially selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition and observed diminishing to PGE2 activities.
Published in: Eur J Med Chem

Ligand: celecoxib (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1998)
Primary target: no
Median affinity:  pIC50
Reference (Journal): Synthesis and biological evaluation of the 1,5-diarylpyrazole class of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors: identification of 4-[5-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benze nesulfonamide (SC-58635, celecoxib).
Published in: J Med Chem

Ligand: compound 12a [PMID: 29031075] (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: no
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 3.9800000190734863 pIC50
Reference (Journal): Discovery of new indomethacin-based analogs with potentially selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition and observed diminishing to PGE2 activities.
Published in: Eur J Med Chem

Ligand: compound 9 [Kumar et al., 2019] (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: no
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 4.400000095367432 pIC50
Reference (Journal): Cyclic enaminone as new chemotype for selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities.
Published in: Eur J Med Chem

Ligand: diclofenac (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1988)
Primary target: yes
Median affinity: 7.920000076293945 pIC50
Reference (Journal): Selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors from Calophyllum membranaceum.
Published in: J Nat Prod

Ligand: fenoprofen (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1976)
Primary target: yes
Median affinity: 6.840000152587891 pIC50
Reference (Webpage): National Toxicology Program: Dept of Health and Human Services.

Ligand: FK-881 (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: no
Primary target: yes
Median affinity: 8.3100004196167 pIC50
Reference (Journal): Pharmacological profile of FK881(ASP6537), a novel potent and selective cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitor.
Published in: Biochem Pharmacol

Ligand: flurbiprofen (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1986)
Primary target: yes
Median affinity: 7.119999885559082 pIC50
Reference (Journal): Nonsteroid drug selectivities for cyclo-oxygenase-1 rather than cyclo-oxygenase-2 are associated with human gastrointestinal toxicity: a full in vitro analysis.
Published in: Proc Natl Acad Sci USA

Ligand: FR122047 (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: no
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 7.5 pIC50
Reference (Journal): The analgesic effect profile of FR122047, a selective cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitor, in chemical nociceptive models.
Published in: Eur J Pharmacol

Ligand: GW406381 (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: no
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 4.070000171661377 pIC50
Reference (Journal): Identification of 2,3-diaryl-pyrazolo[1,5-b]pyridazines as potent and selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors.
Published in: Bioorg Med Chem Lett

Ligand: ibuprofen (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1974), EMA (2004)
Primary target: yes
Median affinity: 5.519999980926514 pIC50
Reference (Journal): New cyclooxygenase-2/5-lipoxygenase inhibitors. 2. 7-tert-butyl-2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethylbenzofuran derivatives as gastrointestinal safe antiinflammatory and analgesic agents: variations of the dihydrobenzofuran ring.
Published in: J Med Chem

Ligand: indomethacin (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1965)
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 6.590000152587891 pIC50
Reference (Journal): Discovery of new indomethacin-based analogs with potentially selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition and observed diminishing to PGE2 activities.
Published in: Eur J Med Chem

Ligand: (R)-ARN2508 (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: no
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 5.400000095367432 pIC50
Reference (Journal): Potent multitarget FAAH-COX inhibitors: Design and structure-activity relationship studies.
Published in: Eur J Med Chem

Ligand: (S)-ARN2508 (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: no
Primary target: yes
Median affinity: 9.539999961853027 pIC50
Reference (Journal): Potent multitarget FAAH-COX inhibitors: Design and structure-activity relationship studies.
Published in: Eur J Med Chem

Ligand: ketoprofen (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1986)
Primary target: yes
Median affinity: 6.480000019073486 pIC50
Reference (Journal): New NSAIDs-NO hybrid molecules with antiproliferative properties on human prostatic cancer cell lines.
Published in: Bioorg Med Chem Lett

Ligand: ketorolac (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1989)
Primary target: yes
Median affinity: 9.720000267028809 pIC50
Reference (Journal): Nonsteroid drug selectivities for cyclo-oxygenase-1 rather than cyclo-oxygenase-2 are associated with human gastrointestinal toxicity: a full in vitro analysis.
Published in: Proc Natl Acad Sci USA

Ligand: ketorolac (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1989)
Primary target: yes
Median affinity: 4.5 pIC50
Reference (Journal): Binding of ibuprofen, ketorolac, and diclofenac to COX-1 and COX-2 studied by saturation transfer difference NMR.
Published in: J Med Chem

Ligand: meclofenamic acid (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Primary target: yes
Median affinity: 7.300000190734863 pIC50
Reference (Journal): Amide derivatives of meclofenamic acid as selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors.
Published in: Bioorg Med Chem Lett

Ligand: mefenamic acid (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1967)
Primary target: yes
Median affinity: 4.599999904632568 pIC50
Reference (Journal): Synthesis and structure-activity relationships for 1-(4-(piperidin-1-ylsulfonyl)phenyl)pyrrolidin-2-ones as novel non-carboxylate inhibitors of the aldo-keto reductase enzyme AKR1C3.
Published in: Eur J Med Chem

Ligand: meloxicam (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (2000)
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 4.440000057220459 pIC50
Reference (Journal): Effect of structural modification of enol-carboxamide-type nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs on COX-2/COX-1 selectivity.
Published in: J Med Chem

Ligand: naproxcinod (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: no
Primary target: no
Median affinity:  -
Reference (Journal): Naproxcinod, a new cyclooxygenase-inhibiting nitric oxide donator (CINOD).
Published in: Expert Opin Biol Ther

Ligand: naproxen (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1976)
Primary target: yes
Median affinity: 5.489999771118164 pIC50
Reference (Journal): Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as scaffolds for the design of 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors.
Published in: J Med Chem

Ligand: nimesulide (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Primary target: yes
Median affinity: 4.760000228881836 pIC50
Reference (Journal): In vitro antiproliferative activity against human colon cancer cell lines of representative 4-thiazolidinones. Part I.
Published in: Bioorg Med Chem Lett

Ligand: oxaprozin (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1992)
Primary target: yes
Median affinity: 5.659999847412109 pIC50
Reference (Journal): Comparison of cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 inhibitory activities of various nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs using human platelets and synovial cells.
Published in: Eur J Pharmacol

Ligand: paracetamol (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1968)
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 3.940000057220459 pKi
Reference (Journal): Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor in man.
Published in: FASEB J

Ligand: peptide 30 [PMID: 27019010] (Peptide)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: no
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 5.21999979019165 pIC50
Reference (Journal): Rational Design of Small Peptides for Optimal Inhibition of Cyclooxygenase-2: Development of a Highly Effective Anti-Inflammatory Agent.
Published in: J Med Chem

Ligand: phenylbutazone (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Primary target: yes
Median affinity: 5.519999980926514 pIC50
Reference (Journal): The identification of cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitors from 4-thiazolidinone combinatorial libraries.
Published in: Bioorg Med Chem Lett

Ligand: piroxicam (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1982)
Primary target: yes
Median affinity: 5.889999866485596 pIC50
Reference (Journal): Effect of structural modification of enol-carboxamide-type nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs on COX-2/COX-1 selectivity.
Published in: J Med Chem

Ligand: SC-236 (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: no
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 4.75 pIC50
Reference (Journal): Synthesis and biological evaluation of the 1,5-diarylpyrazole class of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors: identification of 4-[5-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benze nesulfonamide (SC-58635, celecoxib).
Published in: J Med Chem

Ligand: SC-236 (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: no
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 4.75 pIC50
Reference (Journal): Synthesis and biological evaluation of the 1,5-diarylpyrazole class of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors: identification of 4-[5-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benze nesulfonamide (SC-58635, celecoxib).
Published in: J Med Chem

Ligand: SC-560 (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: no
Primary target: yes
Median affinity: 8.050000190734863 pIC50
Reference (Journal): Pharmacological analysis of cyclooxygenase-1 in inflammation.
Published in: Proc Natl Acad Sci USA

Ligand: sulindac (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (1978)
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 5.920000076293945 pIC50
Reference (Journal): NSAID sulindac and its analog bind RXRalpha and inhibit RXRalpha-dependent AKT signaling.
Published in: Cancer Cell

Ligand: suprofen (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: yes
Approval source: FDA (no history prior to 1988)
Primary target: yes
Median affinity: 6.25 pIC50
Reference (Journal): New NSAIDs-NO hybrid molecules with antiproliferative properties on human prostatic cancer cell lines.
Published in: Bioorg Med Chem Lett

Ligand: SWE101 (Synthetic organic)
Interaction type: Inhibitor
Action: Inhibition
Ligand approved: no
Primary target: no
Median affinity: 5.920000076293945 pIC50
Reference (Journal): Discovery of the First in Vivo Active Inhibitors of the Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Phosphatase Domain.
Published in: J Med Chem