dtufail/nuremberg-trials-corpus huggingface dataset:
406 EC-335 Report of the Military Administration in Belgium and Northern France, January-March 1943.....VII 407 EC-336 Report of the Reich Minister for Occupied Eastern Territories 26 November 1942, concerning treatment of Poles under his jurisdiction......VII 408 EC-344-7 Report on Armament Economy in Poland, 1930-140......VII 416 *EC-344 16 and 17 Thomas report, 20 August 1940, summarizing experience with German Armament Industry in Poland 1939-40 and extract from report by Captain Dr. varain on same subject. (USA 297).......VII 419 *EC-347 Directives for operation of the Economy in Occupied Eastern Territories. (USA 210).....VII 421 EC-401 Letter from Office Four Year Plan, 8 July 1942, on seizure of Belgian gold........VII 439 *EC-410 Appendix to Goering's directive of 19 October 1939 concerning the economic administration of Occupied Territories. (USA 298)....VII 466 *EC-411 Order by Hess concerning the reconstruction of certain industrial enterprises in Poland, 20 November 1939. (USA 299).....VII 469 EC-422 Extracts from History of the War Economy - and Armament Staff in France......VII 481 EC-427 Letter from Lammers to Reichsbank Directorate, 20 January 1939, on appointment of Funk as President of Reichsbank.......VII 484 *EC-453 Letter to Himmler, 21 September 1943, and list of contributions by his friends. (USA 322).....VII 510 *EC-454 letter to Himmler, 27 August 1943, regarding contributions by his friends. (USA 321)......VII 512 EC-465 Letter from Commissar with the Netherlands Bank, 9 December 1940, with report for January 1941 to Fuehrer....VII 518 EC-468 Letter from Commissar at the Netherlands Bank, 10 February 1941, with report for January 1941 to Fuehrer......VII 524 EC-469 Memorandum on meeting in Duesseldorf, 25 May 1940. .................... VII 536 EC-470 Special Events in the field of procurement of means of production, raw material, semi-finished products.....VII 538 EC-471 Armament Inspectorate Netherlands - War Diary for time from 1 January - 31 March 1943.....VII 538 *EC-472 Directives of Reich Marshal Goering concerning economic organization of Occupied Eastern Territories. (USA 315).....VII 539 EC-472-A War Diary of Armament Inspectorate from 10 April 1940-30 September
Armament Inspectorate Netherlands - War Diary for time from 1 January - 31 March 1943.....VII 538 *EC-472 Directives of Reich Marshal Goering concerning economic organization of Occupied Eastern Territories. (USA 315).....VII 539 EC-472-A War Diary of Armament Inspectorate from 10 April 1940-30 September 1942....VII 540 EC-473 Extract from History of Armament Inspectorate - Netherlands. .....VII 542 EC-474 Letter, 1 June 1940, enclosing report of Armament Inspectorate Netherlands.........VI 542 EC-485 Minutes on Goering Meeting, 1 October 1940, on the economic exploitation of Occupied Territories.....VII 543 EC-560 Extract from War Diary of Armament Inspectorate - Belgium 21 January 1941, regarding right to remove machinery.....VII 584 EC-604 Letter from Military Commander in Belgium and Northern France, 1 May 1942........VII 584 EC-605 Letter of the Commissar with the Emission Bank in Brussels, 29 October 1942, with enclosure........VII 585 EC-606 Minutes concerning conference with Field Marshal Goering at Karinhall, 30 January 1940.......VII 588 EC-613 Memorandum on contributions of French economy in favor of France performed at instigation of Military Commander in France...... VII 602 EC-614 Memorandum of the Military Commander in France. .................... VII 602 EC-615 Notes by General Thomas on Meeting with Colonel General Keitel, 1 December 1939......VII 603 EC-616 Interference of War Economy and Armament Staff with raw material rationing boards from Situation Report of War Economy and Armament Staff of France......VII 603 EC-617 Extracts from Situation Report of War Economy and Armament Staff of France.....VII 604 EC-618 Service instructions for Economic Squads.......VII 604 EC-619 Clearing agreement of 14 November 1940, for French-German payments........VII 608 EC-620 Directive of Goering on exploitation of the Occupied Western Territories, 26 August 1940....VII 608 ECH-1 Final report of Military Commander Belgium, Part 10, Section I, concerning German-Belgian trade.......VII 609 ECH-2 Report on Economic Planning of Military Commander Belgium and Northern France, 13 September 1940.......VII 610 ECH-3 Final Report of Chief of Military Administration in Belgium and Northern France........VII 611 ECH-4 Annual
Commander Belgium, Part 10, Section I, concerning German-Belgian trade.......VII 609 ECH-2 Report on Economic Planning of Military Commander Belgium and Northern France, 13 September 1940.......VII 610 ECH-3 Final Report of Chief of Military Administration in Belgium and Northern France........VII 611 ECH-4 Annual report of Military Commander of Belgium and Northern France, 15 July 1941......VII 613 ECH-5 Final Report of Military commander in Belgium and Northern France....VII 615 ECH-6 Final report of Military Commander in Belgium and Northern France.......VII 620 ECH-7 Final Report of Supervisory Office with Military commander in Belgium and Northern France on legalized exploitation of black market in Belgium and Northern France.......VII 622 ECH-9 Circular of Military Commander, 19 June 1943, concerning prohibition of black market purchase......VII 629 ECH-10 Final Report of Military commander on machinery clearing......VII 629 ECH-11 Final Report of Military commander on Church Bell drive in Belgium.......VII 631 ECH-12 Report of Activity Department for "Protection of Art" of Military commander Belgium and Northern France.....VII 632 ECH-14 Letter from Speer, 23 June 1943, with covering letter.....VII 632 ECH-15 Draft of letter to Falkenhausen, 22 May 1944.......VII 634 ECH-16 Memorandum from Military Administration Department for Culture, 17 May 1944, concerning requisition of scientific instruments.....VII 635 ECH-19 Final Report of Military Commander showing total picture of consolidation of Belgian Textile Industry....VII 636 ECH-21 Letter from Military Commander in Belgium and Northern France to General Falkenhausen, 12 October 1940, and annexes....VII 637 ECH-22 Final Report of Military Commander, concerning foreign exchange and gold.......VII 639 ECH-23 Report of Military Commander on supplies in the German interest in Belgium and Northern France in 1941.....VII 641 ECH-24 Introduction to Final Report of Military Commander by Dr. Beyer........VII 642 ECR-14 Memorandum from Commissar at the Belgian National Bank on Clearing Transfers, 24 March 1941.......VII 642 ECR-24 Annual report of the Commissar at the National Bank of Belgium, covering period May 1940 - May 1941.....VII 642 ECR-32 Memorandum from Reich Marshal of the Greater German Reich Commissioner for the Four Year Plan,
Commissar at the Belgian National Bank on Clearing Transfers, 24 March 1941.......VII 642 ECR-24 Annual report of the Commissar at the National Bank of Belgium, covering period May 1940 - May 1941.....VII 642 ECR-32 Memorandum from Reich Marshal of the Greater German Reich Commissioner for the Four Year Plan, 11 June 1941, on occupation costs in Belgium and Covering letters.....VII 667 ECR-35 Memorandum from Special Commissioner West of the Reichskreditkassen, 2 August 1941.......VII 670 ECR-39 Memorandum from Military Commander in Belgium and Northern France, 2 August 1941, concerning procurement of Occupation Costs in Belgium, and covering letter.....VII 671 ECR-59 Memorandum from Military Commander in Belgium and Northern France, 2 October 1941, on contributions from Belgium to the limit of its capacity, and covering letter......VII 676 ECR-72 Memorandum from Special Commissioner West of RKK, 22 December 1941, ordering Emission Bank to pay out clearing transfer......VII 681 ECR-89 Letter from Military Commander in Belgium and Northern France, 2 March 1942, concerning payment for German Military Expenditures in Belgium through clearing; and letter of transmittal....VII 682 ECR-104 Letter from Military Commander in Belgium and Northern France, 24 April 1942, concerning payment of expenses of German Armed Forces in Belgium in Clearing......VII 685 ECR-106 Memorandum from Commissar at the National Bank of Belgium, 1 May 1942, on use of occupation funds for black market purchases and political purposes.....VII 686 ECR-115 Teletype, 27 July 1942, on position of Reichsbank regarding requisition of Belgian gold.......VII 689 ECR-132 Report of the Commissar at the National Bank of Belgium, 1 December 1942, covering period August-October 1942......VII 690 ECR-142 Letter from Military Commander in Belgium and Northern France, 22 February 1942, on exchange of RKK notes in Belgium.....VII 695 ECR-149 Third Annual Report of the Commissar at the National Bank of Belgium, 5 June 1943.........VII 700 CER-155-A Memorandum from Special Commissioner West of Reichskreditkassen, 7 December 1943, on occupation costs.....VII 716 ECR-166 Memorandum from Special Commissioner West of Reichskreditkassen, 10 May 1944, concerning cash situation
at the National Bank of Belgium, 5 June 1943.........VII 700 CER-155-A Memorandum from Special Commissioner West of Reichskreditkassen, 7 December 1943, on occupation costs.....VII 716 ECR-166 Memorandum from Special Commissioner West of Reichskreditkassen, 10 May 1944, concerning cash situation of Chief Paymaster at Military Commander in Belgium and Northern France.....VII 718 ECR-172 Letter from Reichskommissar for Occupied Territories of Belgium and Northern France, 21 July 1944, concerning equalization of monthly balance in giro traffic of Reichskreditkassen.....VII 720 ECR-173 Report of Commissar at the National Bank of Belgium, 15 August 1944, on total occupation charges and Belgium clearing balance.......VII 721 ECR-174 Report of the Commissar of the Netherlands Bank for the month May 1941, dated 12 June 1941......VII 726 ECR-175 Letter from RKK Amsterdam to Central Administration of RKK Brussels, 18 May 1941, concerning occupation costs.....VII 732 ECR-176 Letter from RKK Amsterdam to Central Administration of RKK Brussels, 27 May 1941, concerning occupation costs.......VII 733 ECR-177 Letter from RKK Amsterdam to Central Administration of RKK Berlin, 30 June 1941, concerning occupation costs.....VII 735 ECR-178 Letter from RKK Amsterdam to Central Administration of RKK Berlin, 25 July 1941, concerning occupation costs....VII 735 ECR-179 Letter from RKK Amsterdam to Central Administration of RKK Berlin, 28 August 1941, concerning occupation costs.....VII 735 ECR-180 Letter from RKK Amsterdam to Central Administration of RKK Berlin, 30 September 1941, concerning occupation costs....VII 736 ECR-181 Letter from RKK Amsterdam to Central Administration of RKK Berlin, 28 October 1941, concerning occupation costs.....VII 737 ECR-182 Letter from RKK Amsterdam to Central Administration of RKK Berlin, 29 November 1941, concerning occupation costs....VII 737 ECR-183 Letter from RKK Amsterdam to Central Administration of RKK Berlin, 6 January 1942, concerning occupation costs....VII 738 ECR-184 Letter from RKK Amsterdam to Central Administration of RKK Berlin, 30, January 1942, concerning occupation costs. ....VII 739 ECR-185 Letter from RKK Amsterdam to Central Administration of RKK Berlin, 27 February 1942, concerning occupation costs.....VII 740
of RKK Berlin, 6 January 1942, concerning occupation costs....VII 738 ECR-184 Letter from RKK Amsterdam to Central Administration of RKK Berlin, 30, January 1942, concerning occupation costs. ....VII 739 ECR-185 Letter from RKK Amsterdam to Central Administration of RKK Berlin, 27 February 1942, concerning occupation costs.....VII 740 ECR-186 Letter from RKK Amsterdam to Central Administration of RKK Berlin, 28 March 1942, concerning occupation costs....VII 740 ECR-187 Letter from RKK Amsterdam to Central Administration of RKK Berlin, 30 April 1942, concerning occupation costs......VII 741 ECR-188 Letter from RKK Amsterdam to Central Administration of RKK Berlin, 13 July 1942, concerning occupation costs....VII 742 ECR-189 Letter from RKK Amsterdam to Central Administration of RKK Berlin, 13 August 1942, concerning occupation costs.....VII 743 ECR-190 Letter from RKK Amsterdam to Central Administration of RKK Berlin, 31 August 1942, concerning occupation costs......VII 743 ECR-191 Letter from RKK Amsterdam to Central Administration of RKK Berlin, 30 September 1942, concerning occupation costs......VII 744 ECR-192 Letter from RKK Amsterdam to Central Administration of RKK Berlin, 6 November 1942, concerning occupation costs.....VII 744 ECR-193 Letter from RKK Amsterdam to Central Administration of RKK Berlin, 7 December 1942, concerning occupation costs......VII 745 ECR-194 Letter of Commissar at the Netherlands Bank Amsterdam, enclosing report on contributions of Holland for Germany during the first year of occupation, 28 May 1941.....VII 745 ECR-195 Letter from RKK Amsterdam to Central Administration of RKK Berlin, 21 April 1492, concerning Dutch East Help....VII 747 ECR-196 Report of the Commissar of the Netherlands Bank, 9 May 1941.....VII 748 ECR-197 Circular of the Reichsminister of Economics in foreign exchange matters, 31 March 1941......VII 749 *L-70 Speech by Himmler at Bad Schachen, 14 October 1943, on the Question of Security. (USA 308)....VII 818 *L-221 Bormann report on conference of 16 July 1941, concerning treatment of Eastern populations and territories. (USA 317).......VII 1086 *R-92 Instruction for internal use on application of law concerning property of Poles of 17 September 1940; copy of monthly report 31 May 1942
of Security. (USA 308)....VII 818 *L-221 Bormann report on conference of 16 July 1941, concerning treatment of Eastern populations and territories. (USA 317).......VII 1086 *R-92 Instruction for internal use on application of law concerning property of Poles of 17 September 1940; copy of monthly report 31 May 1942 with statistics on farms and estates seized and confiscated in the Incorporated Eastern Territories; copy of letter from SS officer to Himmler, 20 November 1940. (USA 312)......VIII 61 *R-112 Orders issued by Reich Commissioner for the Consolidation of German nationhood, 16 February 1942, 1 July 1942, 28 July 1942. (USA 309).....VIII 108 *R-114 Memoranda of conferences, 4 and 18 August 1942, concerning directions for treatment of deported Alsatians. (USA 314)....122 Chapter XII Contents Chapter XIV
Chapter XIV - The Plunder of Art Treasures
Chapter XIII
Contents
Chapter XV Part 1
Chapter XIV - THE PLUNDER OF ART TREASURES
1. THE EINSATZSTAB ROSENBERG
A. Formation, Purpose, Powers.
On 29 January 1940 Hitler issued a decree in the following terms:
"The 'Hohe Schule' is supposed to become the center for national-socialistic ideological and educational research. It will be established after the conclusion of the war. I order that the already initiated preparations be continued by Reichsleiter Alfred Rosenberg, especially in the way of research and the setting up of the library.
"All sections of Party and State are requested to cooperate with him in this task." (136-PS)
What began as a project for the establishment of a research library developed into a project for the seizure of cultural treasures. (141-PS)
On 1 March 1942 Hitler issued a decree in which he asserted that Jews, Freemansons, and affiliated opponents of National Socialism are the authors of the War against the Reich, and that a systematic spiritual battle against them is a military necessity. The decree thereupon authorized Rosenberg to search libraries, archives, lodges, and cultural establishments, to seize relevant material from these establishments as well as cultural treasures which were the property or in the possession of Jews, which were ownerless, or the origin of which could not be clearly established. The decree directed the cooperation of the Wehrmacht High Command and indicated that Rosenberg's activities in the West were to be conducted in his capacity as Reichsleiter and in the East in his capacity as Reichsminister. (149-PS)
This decree was implemented by a letter from Dr. Lammers, Reichsminister and Chief of Chancellory, directed to the "highest Reich Authorities and the Services directly subordinate to the Fuehrer." The letter reiterated the terms of the Hitler decree and requested support of the Reich authorities in Rosenbergs fulfillment of his task. (154-PS)
B
from Dr. Lammers, Reichsminister and Chief of Chancellory, directed to the "highest Reich Authorities and the Services directly subordinate to the Fuehrer." The letter reiterated the terms of the Hitler decree and requested support of the Reich authorities in Rosenbergs fulfillment of his task. (154-PS) B. Scope of Activities.
Rosenberg's activities in fulfillment of the above decrees were extended, in the West, to France (138-PS), Belgium (139-PS), the Netherlands (140-PS), Luxembourg (137-PS), and Norway and Denmark. (159-PS)
In the East activities were carried out throughout the Occupied Eastern Territories (153-PS), including the Baltic states and the Ukraine (151-PS), as well as in Hungary (158-PS), Greece (171-PS), and Yugoslavia. (071-PS)
The function of the Rosenberg Organization included not only the seizure of books and scientific materials specified in the original Hitler Order (171-PS), but the seizure of private art treasures (1015-B-PS), public art treasures (055-PS0, and household furnishings. (L-188)
C. Cooperating Agencies.
On 5 July 1940 Keitel (Chief of the OKW) informed the Chief ot he Army High Command (OKH) and the Chief of the Armed Forces in The Netherlands that the Fuehrer had ordered that Rosenberg's suggestion be followed, to the effect that certain libraries and archives, chancelleries of high church authorities, and lodges be searched for documents valuable to Germany or indicating political maneuvers directed against Germany, and that such material be seized. The letter further stated that Hitler had ordered the support of the Gestapo and that the Chief of the Sipo (Security Police), SS-Gruppenfuehrer Heydrich had been informed and would communicate with the competent military commanders. (137-PS)
Keitel issued a further order to the Chief of the OKH, France, on 17 September 1940, providing:
"The ownership status before the war in France, prior to the declaration of war on 1 September 1939, shall be the criterion
had been informed and would communicate with the competent military commanders. (137-PS) Keitel issued a further order to the Chief of the OKH, France, on 17 September 1940, providing: "The ownership status before the war in France, prior to the declaration of war on 1 September 1939, shall be the criterion. "Ownership transfers to the French state or similar transfers completed after this date are irrelevant and legally invalid (for example, Polish and Slovak libraries in Paris, possessions of the Palais Rothschild or other ownerless Jewish possessions). Reservations regarding search, seizure and transportation to Germany on the basis of the above reasons will not be recognized.
"Reichsleiter Rosenberg and/or his deputy Reichshauptstellenleiter Ebert has received clear instructions from the Fuehrer personally governing the right of seizure; he is entitled to transport to Germany cultural goods which appear valuable to him and to safeguard them there. The fuehrer has reserved for himself the decision as to their use.
"It is requested that the services in question be informed correspondingly." (138-PS)
The above order was extended to Belgium on 10 October 1940 (139-PS), and an identical order was issued by the Chief of the OKH to the Armed Forces Commander in The Netherlands on 17 September 1940. (140-PS)
Hitler's order of 1 March 1942 stated:
"Directions for carrying out this order in cooperation with the Wehrmacht will be issued by the Chief of the Wehrmacht High Command in agreement with Reichsleiter Rosenberg." (149-PS)
Dr. Lammers order of 5 July 1942 declared that the Chief of the OKH, in agreement with Keitel, would issue regulations governing the cooperation with the Wehrmacht and the Police Services for assistance in making seizures. (154-PS)
An official of the Rosenberg Ministry for the Occupied East declared the Wehrmacht to be one of the primary agencies engaged in removing art treasures from Russia
Keitel, would issue regulations governing the cooperation with the Wehrmacht and the Police Services for assistance in making seizures. (154-PS) An official of the Rosenberg Ministry for the Occupied East declared the Wehrmacht to be one of the primary agencies engaged in removing art treasures from Russia. (1107-PS)
Cooperation of the SS and the SD was indicated by Rosenberg in a letter to Bormann on 23 April 1941:
"* * * It is understood that the confiscations are not executed by the regional authorities but that this is conducted by the Security Service as well as by the police. it has been communicated to me in writing by a Gauleiter, that the chief office of the Reich Security (RSHA) of the SS has claimed the following from the library of a monastery:" (071-PS)
The above letter also points out that there has been "* * * close cooperation on the widest scale with the Security Service and the military commanders. * * *
"This affair (Operations in Salonika) has already been executed on our side with the Security Service (SD) in the most loyal fashion." (071-PS)
The National Socialist Party financed the operations of the Einsatzstab Rosenberg. (090-PS; 145-PS)
In a letter to Goering, 18 June 1942, Rosenberg voiced the opinion that all art objects and other confiscated items should belong to the National Socialist Party because the Party has been bearing the brunt of the battle against the persons and forces from whom this property was taken. (1118-PS)
D. Cooperation of Hermann Goering.
On 5 November 1940, Goering issued an order specifying the distribution to be made of art objects brought to the Louvre
to the National Socialist Party because the Party has been bearing the brunt of the battle against the persons and forces from whom this property was taken. (1118-PS) D. Cooperation of Hermann Goering. On 5 November 1940, Goering issued an order specifying the distribution to be made of art objects brought to the Louvre. The order lists as second in priority of disposition, "Those art objects which serve to the completion of the Reichsmarshal's collection" and states that the objects will "be packed and shipped to Germany with the assistance of the Luftwaffe." (141-PS)
On 1 May 1941 Goering issued an order to all Party, State, and Wehrmacht Services requesting them.
"* * * to give all possible support and assistance to the Chief of Staff of Reichsleiter Rosenberg's Staff, Reichshauptstellenleiter Party Comrade Utikal, and his deputy DRK- Feldfuehrer Party Comrade von Behr, in the discharge of their duties. The above-mentioned persons are requested to report to me on their work, particularly on any difficulties that might arise." (1117-PS)
On 30 May 1942, Goering claimed credit for the success of the Einsatzstab:
"* * * On the other hand I also support personally the work of your Einsatzstab wherever I can do so, and a great part of the seized cultural goods can be accounted for because I was able to assist the Einsatzstab by my organizations." (1015-PS)
E. Method of Operation.
The staff of the Einsatzstab Rosenberg seized not only "abandoned" art treasures but also treasures which had been hidden, or were left in the custody of depots or warehouses, including art treasures that were already packed for shipment to America