dtufail/nuremberg-trials-corpus huggingface dataset:
a northern district of Norway, and the burning of all their dwellings. This was to be done so that the inhabitants of that area could not help the Russians (754-PS). Shortly thereafter an evacuation took place in Finnmark County in northern Norway, in the course of which 30,000 Houses were damaged. (1800-PS)
Jodl was aware that in 1942 there were continual arrests in Belgrade, and that from fifteen to thirty followers of Mihalovic were shot every day. (1383-PS)
Jodl initialed an order signed for Hitler by Keitel, which provided that enemy civilians guilty of offenses against German troops should be killed without a military trial, and that punishment could be waived in the case of German soldiers who committed offenses against enemy civilians. (886-PS)
Rosenberg was appointed by Hitler on 20 April 1941 "Deputy for a Centralized Treatment of Problems concerning the Eastern Territories." The highest Reich authorities were to cooperate fully, and Keitel was asked to designate a representative of OKW to sit with Rosenberg. Jodl was appointed as Keitel's representative with Warlimont as his deputy, and Keitel wrote to Rosenberg on 25 April 1941 that Jodl and Warlimont would be the OKW representatives. (865-PS)
Responsibility for crimes committed under Rosenberg's authority thus attach to Jodl as well. In this connection reference is made to Section 7 of this chapter on Rosenberg.
(2) Deportation of civilian populations of and in Occupied Territories for slave labor and for other purposes. Jodl knew of the deportation of workers, for he once told Hitler that the military commander of France had reported that over 220,000 workers had been deported into the Reich in the past six months. (1383-PS)
of civilian populations of and in Occupied Territories for slave labor and for other purposes. Jodl knew of the deportation of workers, for he once told Hitler that the military commander of France had reported that over 220,000 workers had been deported into the Reich in the past six months. (1383-PS)
(3) Murder and ill treatment of prisoners of war, and of other members of the Armed Forces of the countries with whom Germany was at war and of persons on the high seas. On 18 October 1942 Hitler ordered that commando troops, even if in uniform, should be killed, not only in battle, but in flight or while attempting to surrender. This order was issued by Jodl's department. (498-PS)
A supplementary explanation of the commando order, signed by Hitler, was distributed to commanding officers only, with a covering memorandum dated 19 October 1942, signed by Jodl (503-PS). Several cases are known in which the order was carried out. (508-PS;509-PS)
Three specific instances were mentioned by the G-3 of the C in C, Norway, where captured members of sabotage units were executed after interrogations which resulted in valuable intelligence. These occurred at Gloafjord, Drontheim, and at Stavanger. (512-PS)
On 23 June 1944 C in C West requested instructions re-defining the scope of the commando order. In view of the extensive landings in Normandy, it had become difficult to decide which paratroops should be considered sabotage troops under the terms of the order, and which should be considered as engaged in normal combat operations. The question was answered by an order of 25 June 1944, one copy of which was signed by Keitel, reaffirming the full force of the original order. (531-PS; 551-PS)
decide which paratroops should be considered sabotage troops under the terms of the order, and which should be considered as engaged in normal combat operations. The question was answered by an order of 25 June 1944, one copy of which was signed by Keitel, reaffirming the full force of the original order. (531-PS; 551-PS)
When allied fliers were forced to land in Germany, they were sometimes killed by the civilian population. The police had orders not to protects the fliers, nor to punish civilians for lynching them. A proposal was considered to order the shooting without courtmartial of enemy airmen who had been forced down after engaging in specified "acts of terror." It is not certain that the order was ever issued, but it is certain that Keitel and Jodl knew of the lynchings, did nothing to prevent them and in fact considered giving them official justification.
(See also "F" at the end of Section 4 of this Chapter on Keitel, where the joint responsibility of Keitel and Jodl for the lynching of Allied airmen is discussed.)
LEGAL REFERENCES AND LIST OF DOCUMENTS RELATING TO ALFRED JODL
Document			Description			Vol.		Page
Charter of the International Military Tribunal, Article 6......	I		5
International Military Tribunal, Indictment Number 1, Section IV (H); Appendix A......	I	`	29,66
Note: A single asterisk (*) before a document indicates that the document was received in evidence at the Nurnberg trial. A double asterisk (**) before a document number indicates that the document was referred to during the trial but was not formally received in evidence, for the reason given in parentheses following the description of the document. The USA series number, given in parentheses following the description of the document, is the official exhibit number assigned by the court.
*388-PS		File of papers on Case Green (the plan for the attack on Czechoslovakia), kept by Schmundt, Hitler's adjutant, April-October 1938. (USA 26)......	III		305
document. The USA series number, given in parentheses following the description of the document, is the official exhibit number assigned by the court. *388-PS File of papers on Case Green (the plan for the attack on Czechoslovakia), kept by Schmundt, Hitler's adjutant, April-October 1938. (USA 26)...... III 305
*444-PS		Original Directive No. 18 from Fuehrer's Headquarters signed by Hitler and initialed by Jodl, 12 November 1940, concerning plans for prosecution of war in Mediterranean Area and occupation of Greece. (GB 116)......	III		403
*446-PS		Top Secret Fuehrer Order No. 21 signed by Hitler and initialed by Jodl, Warlimont and Keitel, 18 December 1940, concerning the Invasion of Russia (case Barbarossa). (USA 31)......	III		407
*448-PS		Hitler Order No. 22, initialed by Keitel and Jodl, 11 January 1941, concerning participation of German Forces in the Fighting in the Mediterranean Theater of operations. (GB 118)......	III		413
*498-PS		Top Secret Fuehrer Order for killing of commandos, 18 October 1942. (USA 501)......	III		416
*503-PS		Letter signed by Jodl, 19 October 1942, concerning Hitler's explanation of his commando order of the day before (Document 498-PS). (USA 542)......	III		426
*508-PS		OKW correspondence, November 1942, about shooting of British glider troops in Norway. (USA 545)......	III		430
*509-PS		Telegram to OKW, 7 November 1943, reporting "special treatment" for three British commandos. (USA 547)......	III		433
*512-PS		Teletype from Army Commander in Norway, 13 December 1942, concerning interrogation of saboteurs before shooting; and memorandum in reply from OKW, 14 December 1942. (USA 546)......	III		433
*531-PS		OKW memorandum, 23 June 1944, citing inquiry from Supreme Command West about treatment of paratroopers. (USA 550)......	III		435
*551-PS		Order signed by Keitel, 26 June 1944, concerning treatment of Commando participants. (USA 551)......	III		440
*754-PS		Teletype Order signed by Jodl, 28 October 1944, for evacuation of Norwegians and burning of houses. (GB 490)......	III		544
from Supreme Command West about treatment of paratroopers. (USA 550)...... III 435 *551-PS Order signed by Keitel, 26 June 1944, concerning treatment of Commando participants. (USA 551)...... III 440 *754-PS Teletype Order signed by Jodl, 28 October 1944, for evacuation of Norwegians and burning of houses. (GB 490)...... III 544
*789-PS		Speech of the Fuehrer at a conference, 23 November 1939, to which all Supreme Commanders were ordered. (USA 23)......	III		572
*865-PS		Correspondence between Keitel, Rosenberg and Lammers, April 1941, concerning appointment of Jodl and Warlimont an OKW representatives with Rosenberg. (USA 143)......	III		621
874-PS		Draft letter to Todt, initialed K, J, and W, 9 March 1941, concerning Deception measures......	III		634
886-PS		Fuehrer decree, 13 May 1941, on courts martial and treatment of enemy civilians in the district "Barbarossa", signed by Keitel for Hitler, and initialed by Jodl......	III		637
*1039-PS	Report concerning preparatory work regarding problems in Eastern Territories, 28 June 1941, found in Rosenberg's "Russia File". (USA 146)......	III		695
*1229-PS	OKW Directive to the German Intelligence Service in the East, signed by Jodl, 6 September 1940. (USA 130)......	III		849
*1383-PS	Extract from transcription of stenographic report on discussion of current military situation, 12 December 1942. (GB 489)......	III		958
*1541-PS	Directive No. 20, Operation Marita, 13 December 1940. (GB 117)......	IV		101
1642-PS		Distribution list, 1 March 1941, for secret map of Soviet Union......	IV		154
*1746-PS	Conference between German and Bulgarian Generals, 8 February 1941; speech by Hitler to German high Command on situation in Yugoslavia, 27 March 1941; plan for invasion of Yugoslavia, 28 March 1941. (GB 120)......	IV		272
*1775-PS	Propositions to Hitler by OKW, 14 February 1938. (USA 73)......	IV		357
*1780-PS	Excerpts from diary kept by General Jodl, January 1937 to August 1939. (USA 72)......	IV		360
high Command on situation in Yugoslavia, 27 March 1941; plan for invasion of Yugoslavia, 28 March 1941. (GB 120)...... IV 272 *1775-PS Propositions to Hitler by OKW, 14 February 1938. (USA 73)...... IV 357 *1780-PS Excerpts from diary kept by General Jodl, January 1937 to August 1939. (USA 72)...... IV 360
1800-PS		Preliminary report on Germany's crimes against Norway, prepared by the Royal Norwegian Government......	IV		375
*1808-PS	Excerpt of speech by Jodl to Officers and officials of Armed Forces Operations Staff, 24 July 1944. (GB 493)......	IV		377
*1809-PS	Entries from Jodl's diary, February 1940 to May 1940. (GB 88)......	IV		377
*2865-PS	Statement by Jodl, showing positions held by him. (USA 16)......	V		526
*3702-PS	Affidavit of Colonel-General Franz Halder, 7 November 1945. (USA 531)......	VI		411
*3705-PS	Affidavit of Field Marshal Walter von Brauchitsch, 7 November 1945. (USA 535)......	VI		415
*3707-PS	Affidavit of Colonel-General Franz Halder, 13 November 1945. (USA 533)......	VI		419
*3786-PS	Stenographic transcript of a meeting in the Fuehrer's Headquarters, 27 January 1945. (USA 787)......	VI		655
*C-2		Examples of violations of International Law and proposed counter propaganda, issued by OKW, 1 October 1938. (USA 90)......	VI		799
*C-39		Timetable for Barbarossa, approved by Hitler and signed by Keitel. (USA 138)......	VI		857
*C-59		Order signed by Warlimont for execution of operation "Marita", 19 February 1941. (GB 121)......	VI		879
*C-64		Raeder's report, 12 December 1939, on meeting of Naval Staff with Fuehrer. (GB 86)......	VI		884
*C-72		Orders postponing "A" day in the West, November 1939 to May 1940. (GB 109)......	VI		893
*C-75		OKW Order No. 24 initialed Jodl, signed Keitel, 5 March 1941, concerning collaboration with Japan. (USA 151)......	VI		906
*C-78		Schmundt's Order of 9 June 1941, convening conference on Barbarossa on 14 June. (USA 139)......	VI		909
*C-102		Document signed by Hitler relating to operation "Otto", 11 March 1938. (USA 74)......	VI		911
24 initialed Jodl, signed Keitel, 5 March 1941, concerning collaboration with Japan. (USA 151)...... VI 906 *C-78 Schmundt's Order of 9 June 1941, convening conference on Barbarossa on 14 June. (USA 139)...... VI 909 *C-102 Document signed by Hitler relating to operation "Otto", 11 March 1938. (USA 74)...... VI 911
*C-103		Directive by Jodl, 11 March 1938, on conduct towards Czech or Italian troops in Austria. (USA 75)......	VI		913
C-123		Jodl Order on capitulation of Leningrad, 7 October 1941......	VI		929
*C-134		Letter from Jodl enclosing memorandum on conference between German and Italian Generals on 19 January and subsequent speech by Hitler, 20 January 1941. (GB 119)......	VI		939
*C-152		Extract from Naval War Staff files, 18 March 1941, concerning audience of C-in-C of Navy with Hitler on 18 March 1941. (GB 122)......	VI		966
*C-167		Report of meeting between Raeder and Hitler, 18 March 1941. (GB 122)......	Vi		977
*C-182		Directive No. 2 from Supreme Commander Armed Forces, initialed Jodl, 11 March 1938. (USA 77)......	VI		1017
*D-777		Draft of directive, 15 June 1944, from OKW to Supreme Commander of "Luftwaffe" concerning treatment of Allied "Terrorist"-flyers. (GB 310)......	VI		234
*D-779		Letter from Reichsmarshal to Chief of OKW, 19 August 1944, regarding treatment of Allied "Terrorist"-flyers. (GB 312)......	VII		235
*EC-405		Minutes of Tenth Meeting of Working Committee of Reichs Defense Council, 26 June 1935. (GB 160)......	VII		450
*EC-406		Minutes of Eleventh Meeting of Reichs Defense Council, 6 December 1935. (USA 772)......	VII		455
*L-79		Minutes of conference, 23 May 1939, "Indoctrination on the political situation and future aims". (USA 27)......	VII		847
*L-172		"The Strategic Position at the Beginning of the 5th Year of War", a lecture delivered by Jodl on 7 November 1943 at Munich to Reich and Gauleiters. (USA 34)......	VII		920
Statement II	A Short Historical Consideration of German War Guilt, by Alfred Jodl, Nurnberg, 6 September 1945......	VIII		662
"The Strategic Position at the Beginning of the 5th Year of War", a lecture delivered by Jodl on 7 November 1943 at Munich to Reich and Gauleiters. (USA 34)...... VII 920 Statement II A Short Historical Consideration of German War Guilt, by Alfred Jodl, Nurnberg, 6 September 1945...... VIII 662
Statement IX	My Relationship to Adolf Hitler and to the Party, by Erich Raeder, Moscow, fall 1945......	VIII		707
**Chart No. 7	Organization of the Wehrmacht 1938-1945. (Enlargement displayed to Tribunal.)......	VIII		776
Chapter XVI Part 4
Contents
Chapter XVI Part 6
6. ERNST KALTENBRUNNER
A. KALTENBRUNNER ENTERED THE NATIONAL SOCIALIST MOVEMENT IN ITS EARLY STAGES, AND SUPPORTED IT, AND WAS A LEADER IN IT UNTIL THE END.
Ernst Kaltenbrunner was born on 4 October 1903 at Ried on Inn (near Braunau) Austria. He spent his youth in Hitler's native district. Later he moved to Linz, where he attended the State Realgymnasium. He studied law and obtained a law degree in 1926. He spent the first year as apprentice lawyer at Linzeon-Danube and then worked as a lawyer-candidate, first at Salzburg and after 1938 at Linz (2938-PS).
Kaltenbrunner joined the Nazi Party and the SS in Austria in 1932. Prior to 1933 he was the District speaker (Gauredner) and legal counsellor (Rechtsberater) of the SS division (Abschnitt) VIII. After 1933 he was the fuehrer of regiment (Standarte) 37 and later of the SS division VIII (2892-PS).
In January 1934 Kaltenbrunner was jailed by the Dollfuss government on account of his Nazi views, and sent with other leading National Socialists into the concentration camp Kaisersteinbruch. He is said to have started and led a hunger strike of the prisoners and thereby to have forced the government to dismiss 490 National Socialist prisoners. In the following year he was jailed again because of suspicion of High Treason and committed to the military court at Wels (Upper Danube). After an investigation of many months the accusation of High Treason was dropped, but he was condemned to six months' imprisonment for conspiracy. His right to practice law was suspended because of his Nazi activities (2938-PS).
After the Spring of 1935 Kaltenbrunner was the leader of the Austrian SS. In the magazine of the SIPO and SD, issue of 15 May 1943, it is stated:
"It redounds to his credit that in this important position he succeeded through energetic leadership in maintaining the unity of the Austrian SS, which he had built up, in spite of all persecution, and succeeded in committing it successfully at the right moment
of 15 May 1943, it is stated: "It redounds to his credit that in this important position he succeeded through energetic leadership in maintaining the unity of the Austrian SS, which he had built up, in spite of all persecution, and succeeded in committing it successfully at the right moment. After the annexation, in which the SS was a decisive factor, he was appointed State Secretary for Security Matters on 11 March 1938 in the new National-Socialist cabinet of Seyss-Inquart. A few hours later he was able to report to Reichsfuehrer SS Heinrich Himmler, who had landed at Aspern, the Vienna airport, on 12 March 1938, 3 am., as the first National Socialist leader, that the Movement had achieved a complete victory and that "The SS is in formation and awaiting further orders.'" (2938-PS)
Hitler promoted Kaltenbrunner on the date of the Anschluss to the rank of SS Brigadefuehrer and leader of the SS Oberabschnitt Donau. On 11 September 1938 he was promoted to the rank of SS Gruppenfuehrer. During the liquidation of the Austrian national government and the reorganization of Austria into Alps and Danube Districts, he was appointed Higher SS and Police Leader to the governors of Vienna, Lower Danube, and Upper Danube, in Corps Area (Wehrkreis) XVII, and in April 1941 was promoted to Major General of the Police (2938-PS).
On 30 January 1943 Kaltenbrunner was appointed Chief of the Security Police and SD (RSHA), succeeding Heydrich, who had been assassinated in Prague in June 1942. Kaltenbrunner held this position until the end of the war (2644-PS).
On 4 October 1943 at Pozen, Poland, in a speech delivered to Gruppenfuehrers of the SS, Himmler made special reference to "our comrade Obergruppenfuehrer Kaltenbrunner, who has succeeded our fallen friend Heydrich" (1919-PS).
On 9 December 1944 the decoration known as the Knight's Cross of the War Merit, Cross with Swords, was given to SS Obergruppenfuehrer and General of the Police Dr
of the SS, Himmler made special reference to "our comrade Obergruppenfuehrer Kaltenbrunner, who has succeeded our fallen friend Heydrich" (1919-PS). On 9 December 1944 the decoration known as the Knight's Cross of the War Merit, Cross with Swords, was given to SS Obergruppenfuehrer and General of the Police Dr. Ernst Kaltenbrunner, Chief of the Security Police and the SD (2770-PS).
In addition he held the Golden insignia of Honor and the Blutorden. He was a member of the Reichstag after the 9th election period 1938 (2892-PS).
Toward the end of the war, Kaltenbrunner's power increased greatly, especially after the attack on Hitler of 20 July 1944. He gained direct access to Hitler. he was very friendly with Fegelein and his wife, who was the sister of Eva Braun. So powerful had Kaltenbrunner become toward the end that even Himmler feared him. On 13 April 1945 the chief of the German foreign intelligence service, Schellenberg, asked Himmler to receive the representative of the Jewish world Congress, Mr. Storsch, from Stockholm, and Himmler said,
"But how am I going to do that in regard to Kaltenbrunner? I shall then be completely at his mercy!" (2990-PS).
B. DURING KALTENBRUNNER'S TERM IN OFFICE AS CHIEF OF THE SECURITY POLICE AND SD, NUMBEROUS AND VAST CRIMES WERE COMMITTED BY THE SIPO AND SD IN THE COURSE OF OFFICIAL DUTIES.
As Chief of the Security Police after 30 January 1943, Kaltenbrunner was the head of the RSHA and the regional offices of the Gestapo, SD, and Kripo. Directly under Kaltenbrunner were the Chiefs of the main offices of the RSHA, including Amt III (the SD), Amt IV (the Gestapo), Amt V (the Kripo), and Amt VI (the SD in foreign intelligence) (L-219).
Kaltenbrunner had direct responsibility over the offices of the RSHA. All important matters had to be referred to him or had to be handled under general or special authority granted by him to office chiefs.
"All decisions of principal character are signed by the Chief of the Security Police personally
(L-219). Kaltenbrunner had direct responsibility over the offices of the RSHA. All important matters had to be referred to him or had to be handled under general or special authority granted by him to office chiefs. "All decisions of principal character are signed by the Chief of the Security Police personally. An office chief has only the authority to sign 'acting for' and a chairman 'by order of' if the subjects treated in the respective decrees fit into the general laid-down principles according to the plan of distribution of authority. In case of doubt it was the duty to get the question cleared up by reporting it to the Chief of Security Police and SD." (L-34)
"To my knowledge no chief of office or any of the officials of the RSHA, authorized to sign, had the right to sign in any principal affairs of particular political significance without consent of the Chief of the Security Police-not even during his temporary absence. From my own experience I can furthermore declare that the chief of Amt IV, Mueller, particularly was very hesitant in signing documents concerning questions of general nature and in some cases of greater importance, and that he put aside events of such nature in most cases for the return of the Chief of the Security Police, whereby often much time was lost." (L-50).
Schellenberg, the Chief of Amt VI of the RSHA, has stated:
"I know of no limitation placed on Kaltenbrunner's authority as Chief of the Security Police and SD (RSHA). He promptly entered upon the duties of the office and assumed direct charge of the office and control over the Amts * * * He made it very clear in his official relations with all of us who were his Amt Chiefs that he was the head of the office exercising full executive powers and deciding all matters of policy. He permitted us to issue directives within the organization in our own names pursuant to fixed policies established by him, but all important matters had to be submitted to him whether he signed them or we signed them
head of the office exercising full executive powers and deciding all matters of policy. He permitted us to issue directives within the organization in our own names pursuant to fixed policies established by him, but all important matters had to be submitted to him whether he signed them or we signed them. He was constantly informed of all matters of importance which went on in the entire organization. (2939-PS)
During Kaltenbrunner's term in office as Chief of the Security Police and SD, the following crimes were committed by the SIPO and SD pursuant to policy established by the RSHA or orders issued out of the RSHA for all of which he was responsible by virtue of his office.
(1) Mass murders of civilians of occupied countries by Einsatz Groups. A general discussion of this and the following twelve crimes of the Gestapo and SD appears in Section 6 of Chapter XV. That this crime continued after January 1943 is shown by the following documents: 3012-PS; 2752-PS; 2890-PS.
(2) Screening of prisoner of war camps and executing racial and political undesirables. That this crime continued after January 1943 is shown by the following document: 2622-PS.
(3) The taking of recaptured prisoners of war to concentration camps, where in some cases they were executed. That this crime continued after January 1943 is shown by the following documents: 1650-PS; L-158; 1514-PS.
(4) Establishing concentration camps and committing racial and political undesirables to concentration and annihilation camps for slave labor and mass murder. That this crime continued after January of 1943 is shown by the following documents: D-50; D-46; L-41; 701-PS.
(5) Deportation of citizens of occupied countries for forced labor and disciplining of forced labor. That this crime continued after January 1943 is shown by the following documents: 3012-PS; 1063-B-PS.
(6) The execution of captured commandos and paratroopers and protection of civilians who lynched Allied fliers