dtufail/nuremberg-trials-corpus huggingface dataset:
V 71 *2513-PS Extract from The National Socialist Workers' Party as an Association Hostile to State and to Republican From of Government and Guilty of Treasonable Activity (USA 235).......... V 252 *2608-PS Frick's lecture, 7 March 1940, on "The administration in Wartime". (USA 714)............. V 327 2742-PS Passage written by Frick in National Socialist Yearbook, 1927, p.124............. V 383 2917-PS Decree concerning German people's list and German nationality in the incorporated Eastern Territories of 4 March 1941. 1941 Reichsgesetzblatt, part I, p.118.......... V 587 *2978-PS Frick's statement of offices and positions, 14 November 1945. (USA 8)............ V 683 *2986-PS Affidavit of the defendant, Wilhelm Frick, 19 November 1945. (USA 409)....... V 688 3043-PS Affidavit of Frick; November 1945....... V 755 *3051-PS Three teletype orders from Heydrich to all stations of State Police, 10 November 1938, on measures against Jews, and one order from Heydrich on termination of protest actions. (USA 240)......... V 797 *3058-PS Letter from Heydrich to Goering, 11 November 1938, reporting action against the Jews. (USA 508)......... V 854 3067-PS Law for the prevention of offspring with Hereditary diseases, 14 July 1933. 1933 Reichsgesetzblatt, part I, p.529......... V 880 3075-PS Law for the building up of administration in Ostmark, 14 April 1939. 1939 Reichsgesetzblatt, part I, p.777....... V 884 3076-PS Law for building up of administrations in Reich Gau Sudetenland, 14 April 1939. 1939 Reichsgesetzblatt, part I, p.780........... V 889 3077-PS Law regarding reunion of Free City of Danzig with German Reich of 1 September 1939. 1939 Reichsgesetzblatt, part I, p.1547........ V 891 3085-PS Himmler's ordinance of 3 July 1943 charging Gestapo with execution of Thirteenth Ordinance under Reich Citizen Law. 1943 Ministerial Gazette of Reich and Prussian Ministry of Interior, p.1085......... V 892 3086-PS Appointment of Frick as Reich Protector, published in The Archives, August 1943 p.347......... V 893 *3119-PS Extract from Dr. Wilhelm Frick and His Ministry. (USA 711)......... V 893 3123-PS Extracts from Manual for Administrative Officials, 1943....... V 900 *3124-PS Extracts from Rudolf Hess Speeches.
892 3086-PS Appointment of Frick as Reich Protector, published in The Archives, August 1943 p.347......... V 893 *3119-PS Extract from Dr. Wilhelm Frick and His Ministry. (USA 711)......... V 893 3123-PS Extracts from Manual for Administrative Officials, 1943....... V 900 *3124-PS Extracts from Rudolf Hess Speeches. (GB 253)......... V 902 3125-PS Extract of Mein Kampf by Adolf Hitler, 39th edition, 1933, p.403......... V 904 3127-PS Announcement of 60th anniversary of Dr. Frick in National Socialist Monthly, 1937, p.346....... V 905 3128-PS Extracts from Our Reich Cabinet, 1936........ V 905 3131-PS Extract from Racial Eugenics in the Reich Legislation, 1943, P.14....... V 906 3132-PS Extracts from Dates of the History of the NSDAP, 1939......... V 906 3225-PS Extract from 1942 Reorganization of Law and Economy......... V 936 *3249-PS Affidavit of Dr. Franz Blaha, 24 November 1945. (USA 663)..... V 949 *3258-PS Extracts from National Socialism Basic Principles, Their Application by the Nazi Party's Foreign Organization, and the Use of Germans Abroad for Nazi Aims, by U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, 1943. (GB 262)......... V 997 3303-PS Extract from Handbook of decree of Fuehrer and Reich Chancellor concerning formation and administration of Eastern Territories, 2 November 1939. 1939 Reichsgesetzblatt, part I, p.2133......... V 1100 3399-PS Affidavit of R. M. W. Kempner, 11 December 1945........... VI 116 3443-PS Supplement No. 5 to official Czechoslovak report, containing an official memorandum on activities of defendant Wilhelm Frick......... V 151 *3475-PS Manual for Administrative Officials, 1943 (USA 710)........ VI 200 *3564-PS Affidavit of Otto L. Meissner, 27 December 1945, concerning Frick (USA 709)......... VI 253 3565-PS Affidavit of Franz Ritter von Epp, 27 December 1945, concerning Frick ......... VI 253 3570-PS Interrogation testimony of Wilhelm Stuckart, former State Secretary of Interior, at Oberursel, 21 September 1945........ VI 263 *3589-PS Supplement No. 6 to Official Czechoslovak Report called "German Crimes against Czechoslovakia", 7 January 1946. (USA 720).......... VI 287 *3592-PS Charges, specifications, findings and sentence of Alfons Klein and others
State Secretary of Interior, at Oberursel, 21 September 1945........ VI 263 *3589-PS Supplement No. 6 to Official Czechoslovak Report called "German Crimes against Czechoslovakia", 7 January 1946. (USA 720).......... VI 287 *3592-PS Charges, specifications, findings and sentence of Alfons Klein and others tried at Wiesbaden, Hadamar Case. (USA 718)......... VI 296 *3593-PS Interrogation of Hermann Goering, 13 October 1945. (USA 712)........... VI 298 *3601-PS Affidavit of Sidney Mendel, 28 December 1945, concerning the connection of Frick's Ministry of Interior with concentration Camps. (GB 324)........ VI 313 D-43 Official circular, 26 March 1936, concerning Reichstag elections on 29 March 1936............ VI 1024 *D-44 Circular, 25 July 1933, referring to publications of SA activities. (USA 428)......... VI 1024 *D-181 Circular from Gauleiter of South Westphalin, 21 January 1937, concerning Hereditary health Law. (GB 528)......... VI 1073 L-82 Decrees of 26 April 1933, 30 November 1933, 10 February 1936, on the organization of the Gestapo from 1933 Preussische Gesetzsammlung, p.122.......... VII 855 *L-83 Affidavit of Gerhart H. Seger, 21 July 1945. (USA 234)......... VII 859 L-302 Dr. Werner Spehr: The Law of Protective Custody, Berlin, 1937, p.11-13........ VII 1100 L-305 Correspondence concerning compulsory sterilization on orders of Ministry of Interior of all descendants of colored occupation troops........... VII 1102 *R-96 Correspondence of Minister of Justice in preparation of the discriminatory decree of 4 December 1941 Regarding criminal justice against Poles and Jews in annexed Eastern Territories. (GB 268)......... VIII 72 *R-101-A Letter from Chief of the Security Police and Security Service to the Reich Commissioner for the Consolidation of German Folkdom, 5 April 1940, With enclosures concerning confiscation of church property. (USA 358)........ VIII 87 R-101-B Letter from Himmler to Dr. Winkler, 31 October 1940, concerning treatment of church property in incorporated Eastern countries............ VIII 89 *R-101-C Letter to Reich Leader SS, 30 July 1941, concerning treatment of church Property in incorporated Eastern areas. (USA 358)......... VIII 91 *R-101-D Letter from Chief of Staff of the Reich Main Security Office
concerning treatment of church property in incorporated Eastern countries............ VIII 89 *R-101-C Letter to Reich Leader SS, 30 July 1941, concerning treatment of church Property in incorporated Eastern areas. (USA 358)......... VIII 91 *R-101-D Letter from Chief of Staff of the Reich Main Security Office (RSHA) to Reich Leader SS, 30 March 1942, concerning confiscation of church property. (USA 358)........ VIII 92 *Chart No. 1 National Socialist German Workers' Party. (2903-PS; USA 2)........ VIII 770 *Chart No. 16 The Structure of the German Police. (1852-PS; USA 449)............ End of VIII Chapter XVI Part 8 Contents Chapter XVI Part 10
11. WALTER FUNK
A. FUNK ACTIVELY PROMOTED THE CONSPIRATORS' ACCESSION TO POWER.
A recital of Funk's positions and activities is set forth in a statement made by him (3533-PS). Although Funk signed this statement, he inserted several reservations and denials with respect to certain positions and activities. Funk's submissions in this connection, which are indicated in his statement (3533-PS) should be evaluated in the light of the statements set forth in the collection of relevant excerpts from German publications (3563-PS).
An examination of these excerpts will reveal that the German publications directly contradict every contention which Funk has made with respect to his holding the positions and carrying on the activities listed in his statement (3533-PS). For example, in his comment concerning item (b) of his statement Funk denies that he was Hitler's Personal Economic Adviser during the 1930's. On the other hand, there are four German publications, each of which states unequivocally that Funk was Hitler's Personal Economic Adviser (3563-PS).
As is indicated by these documents, Funk, soon after he joined the Nazi Party in 1931, began to hold important positions in the Party and soon qualified as one of the Nazi inner circle. Thus, he promptly became not only Hitler's Personal Economic Adviser, but also Chief of the Economic Division of the Central Nazi Party Directorate and Chairman of the Party's Committee on Economic Policy (3533-PS). In these capacities, he advanced the Party's drive for mass support by drafting its economic slogans. In 1932, for example, he wrote a pamphlet entitled "Economic Reconstruction Program of the NSDAP", which, after its approval by Hitler, became the Party's official pronouncement on economic matters (3505-PS).
In these capacities, he advanced the Party's drive for mass support by drafting its economic slogans. In 1932, for example, he wrote a pamphlet entitled "Economic Reconstruction Program of the NSDAP", which, after its approval by Hitler, became the Party's official pronouncement on economic matters (3505-PS).
Funk also served as the liaison man between the Nazi Party and the large industrialists, from whom he obtained financial and political support on Hitler's behalf (3505-PS; 2828-PS). Thus, for example, he was present at the meeting of approximately 25 leading industrialists held in Berlin on 20 February 1933 (2828-PS). In the course of this meeting, which was arranged by Goering and attended by Funk, among others, and which was designed to obtain the industrialists' financial and political support for the Nazi program, Hitler and Goering announced some of the fundamental Nazi objectives: the destruction of the parliamentary system in Germany; the crushing of all internal opposition by force, the restoration of the power of the Wehrmacht. In addition, Hitler indicated that force was to be used in solving problems with other nations (D-203). The financial and political support for the Nazis which Funk secured from industry promoted the campaign of force and terror by which the Nazis seized and consolidated their control of Germany.
the importance of Funk's general contribution to the conspirators' accession to power has been described in a book published by the Central Publishing house of the Nazi Party:
secured from industry promoted the campaign of force and terror by which the Nazis seized and consolidated their control of Germany. the importance of Funk's general contribution to the conspirators' accession to power has been described in a book published by the Central Publishing house of the Nazi Party:
"No less important than Funk's accomplishments in the programmatic field in the years 1931 and 1932 was his activity of that time as the Fuehrer's liaison man to the leading men of the German economy in industry, trade, commerce and finance. On the basis of his past work, his personal relations to the German economic leaders were broad and extensive. He was now able to enlist them in the service of Adolf Hitler, and not only to answer their questions authoritatively, but to convince them and win their backing for the Party. At that time, that was terribly important work. Every success achieved meant a moral, political, and economic strengthening of the fighting force of the Party and contributed toward destroying the prejudice that National Socialism is merely a party of class hatred and class struggle." (3505-PS)
After he had helped Hitler become Chancellor, Funk, as Reich Press Chief, participated in the early cabinet meetings, in the course of which the conspirators determined upon the means by which they would secure the passage of the Enabling Act and destroy parliamentary government in Germany (2962-PS; 2963-PS). This law destroyed civil liberties in Germany and marked the conspirators' seizure of political control over Germany.
B. FUNK, BY VIRTUE OF HIS ACTIVITIES IN THE MINISTRY OF PROPAGANDA, ACTIVELY PARTICIPATED IN THE CONSOLIDATION OF THE CONSPIRATORS' CONTROL OVER GERMANY.
in Germany (2962-PS; 2963-PS). This law destroyed civil liberties in Germany and marked the conspirators' seizure of political control over Germany. B. FUNK, BY VIRTUE OF HIS ACTIVITIES IN THE MINISTRY OF PROPAGANDA, ACTIVELY PARTICIPATED IN THE CONSOLIDATION OF THE CONSPIRATORS' CONTROL OVER GERMANY.
The Nazis created a vast propaganda machine which they used to proclaim the doctrine of the master race, to inveigh against the Jews, to impose the leadership principle upon the German people, to glorify war as a noble activity, to create the social cohesion necessary for war, and to weaken the capacity and willingness of their intended victims to resist aggression. (See Section 9 of Chapter VII on Propaganda, Censorship and Supervision of Cultural Activities.)
The operation of this propaganda machine was principally the responsibility of the Ministry of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda. Funk played a significant role in the operations of that Ministry and in related agencies of the Nazi State. On 30 January 1933, the day on which Hitler became Reich Chancellor, Funk was appointed Press Chief of the Reich Government. In that capacity, and even after the establishment of the Ministry of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda, he reported regularly to Hitler and President von Hindenburg (3505-PS; 3501-PS).
On 13 March 1933, the Reich Ministry of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda was established with Goebbels as its Chief and Funk as its under-Secretary (2029-PS; Voelkischer Beobachter 15 March 1933, p. 2. (South German Edition)). In an interview with a reporter from the Voelkischer Beobachter on 30 March 1933, Funk made clear the importance which propaganda was to have in the Nazi State. He stated:
with Goebbels as its Chief and Funk as its under-Secretary (2029-PS; Voelkischer Beobachter 15 March 1933, p. 2. (South German Edition)). In an interview with a reporter from the Voelkischer Beobachter on 30 March 1933, Funk made clear the importance which propaganda was to have in the Nazi State. He stated:
"Propaganda is the most modern instrument of power and fighting weapon of state policy. The establishing of the Propaganda Ministry is vital, for the national political policy of the new State Leadership is to be the general good of the whole people. therefore, the total political, artistic, cultural and spiritual life of the nation, must be brought on to one level and directed from one central point." (Voelkischer Beobachter, South German Edition, 31 March 1933).
In order to achieve this purpose, the Ministry of Enlightenment and Propaganda was organized so as to reach and control every medium of expression within Germany. In the language of the decree defining the duties of the Minister of Propaganda, he was to have
"*   *   *   jurisdiction over the whole field of spiritual indoctrination of the nation, of propagandizing the State, of cultural and economic propaganda, of enlightenment of the public at home and abroad; furthermore, he is in charge of all institutions serving these purposes." (2030-PS).
Under this decree, the Ministry controlled propaganda abroad, propaganda within Germany, the press, music, the theater, films, art, literature, radio and all related institutions.
Funk discharged important responsibilities in the Ministry. As Undersecretary, he was Goebbels' chief aide. In this capacity he appears to have been the primary organizer of the machine from which flowed Nazi propaganda. This is made clear by the following excerpt from an affidavit dated 19 December 1945, and signed by Max Amann, who held the position of Reich Leader of the Press and President of the Reich Press Chamber.
this capacity he appears to have been the primary organizer of the machine from which flowed Nazi propaganda. This is made clear by the following excerpt from an affidavit dated 19 December 1945, and signed by Max Amann, who held the position of Reich Leader of the Press and President of the Reich Press Chamber.
"*   *   *   In carrying out my duties and responsibilities, I became familiar with the operations and the organization of the Reich Ministry of Propaganda and Enlightenment.
"Walther Funk was the practical Minister of the Ministry of Propaganda and Enlightenment and managed the Ministry. Funk was the soul of the Ministry, and without him Goebbels could not have built it up. Goebbels once stated to me that Funk was his 'most effective man.' Funk exercised comprehensive control over all the media of expression in Germany: over the press, the theater, radio and music. As Press Chief of the Reich Government and subsequently as Under Secretary of the Ministry, Funk held daily meetings with the Fuehrer and a daily press conference in the course of which he issued the directives governing the materials to be published by the German press". (3501-PS).
A note for the files prepared by one Sigismund, an SS Scharfuehrer, also stresses the important role which Funk played in The Ministry of Propaganda (3566-PS). that note records a discussion between Sigismund and one Weinbrenner, an official of the Ministry of Propaganda, about the selection of a General Manager for the German Radio. The note states:
"Weinbrenner made the following statement:  *   *   *   it is almost impossible to determine whom the Minister would name General Manager, since Dr. Goebbels reaches most of the important decisions only by agreement with Under Secretary Funk." (3566-PS).
of a General Manager for the German Radio. The note states: "Weinbrenner made the following statement: * * * it is almost impossible to determine whom the Minister would name General Manager, since Dr. Goebbels reaches most of the important decisions only by agreement with Under Secretary Funk." (3566-PS).
In addition to his position as Undersecretary, Funk had many other important responsibilities in subordinate offices of the Ministry for Propaganda (3533-PS). In 1933, for example, he was appointed Vice President of the Reich Chamber of Culture, whose President was Goebbels (3533-PS; Reichsgesetzblatt, 1933, I, p. 798).
Funk's position as Vice President of the Reich Chamber of Culture was related to his position as Undersecretary of the Ministry, since the Chamber of Culture and the seven subordinate chambers were by law subject to the control of the Ministry of Propaganda (2082-PS). This control was insured in practice by placing officers of the Ministry of Propaganda in the highest positions of the Chambers. Thus, for example, Goebbels was its President and Funk its Vice President. By virtue of his dual position, Funk directly promoted two fundamental and related Nazi policies: (1) the regimentation of all creative activities in the interest of Nazi political and military objectives; (2) the elimination of Jews and dissidents from the so-called cultural professions.
The mechanics by which these policies were carried out have been described in Section 9 of Chapter VII on Propaganda, Censorship and Supervision of Cultural Activities. That description will be supplemented here only by reference to the second decree for the Execution of the Law of Reich Chamber of Culture, dated 9 November 1933 (2872-PS). This decree, which was signed by Funk, representing Goebbels, fixed the effective date for the entire scheme for the domination and purging of the cultural professions.
here only by reference to the second decree for the Execution of the Law of Reich Chamber of Culture, dated 9 November 1933 (2872-PS). This decree, which was signed by Funk, representing Goebbels, fixed the effective date for the entire scheme for the domination and purging of the cultural professions.
The control of the Ministry of Propaganda was based in part on the requirement that persons engaged in so-called "cultural activities" belong to the appropriate Chamber (1933 Reichsgesetzblatt, I p. 797). Decrees were then passed which prescribed standards of admission to these Chambers, which automatically excluded Jews. For example, in the field of journalism, "only persons who were of Aryan descent and not married to a person of non-Aryan descent" were permitted to be so-called Schriftleiter, that is, to perform any work relating to the contents of a newspaper or a political magazine (2083-PS).
Similarly, newspaper publishers had to submit proof tracing their Aryan descent (and that of their spouses) as far back as the year 1800 (Decree 24 April 1935, issued by the President of the Reich Press Chamber, Article 1, 3 and Article II, 1(f) and 2, reprinted in Karl Friedrich Schreiber in "Das Recht der Reichskulturkammer", vol. 2, 1935, pp. 109-112; Decrees 15 April and 22 May 1936 issued by the President of Reich Press Chamber reprinted in Karl Friedrich Schrieber "Das Recht der Reichskulturkammer", vol. 4, 1936, pp. 101-102, 120-122; see also: Decree 17 September 1934 reprinted in Karl Friedrich Schrieber's "Das Recht der Reichskulturkammer", vol. 2, 1935, p. 79).
In view of Funk's official positions and the policies which he advanced, it is natural that Nazi writers have stressed his contribution to the perversion of German culture. Thus Oestreich's biography of Funk states:
in Karl Friedrich Schrieber's "Das Recht der Reichskulturkammer", vol. 2, 1935, p. 79). In view of Funk's official positions and the policies which he advanced, it is natural that Nazi writers have stressed his contribution to the perversion of German culture. Thus Oestreich's biography of Funk states:
"Besides, Funk had a special duty from his Ministry received the task to take care of the cultural life. In this position he organized quietly a tremendous concern which represented an investment of many hundreds of millions. In close cooperation with the Reich Leader of the Press, Max Amann, the economic fundamentals of the German press were reconstructed according to the political necessities. The same took place in the film industry and in other cultural fields." (3505-PS).
The reconstruction of "the economic fundamentals of the German press  *   *   *   and other cultural fields" was a biographer's euphemism for the elimination of Jews and dissidents from the field of literature, music, theater, journalism, broadcasting, and the arts.
The completeness with which the policy of cultural extermination was carried out is made clear by a pamphlet entitled "The Reich Ministry for Public Enlightenment and Propaganda", by Georg Wilhelm Mueller, an official of the Ministry of Propaganda", by Georg Wilhelm Mueller, an official of the Ministry of Propaganda, which was published by the German Academy for Politics as part of a series on the organization of the Nazi Government. That pamphlet states: