Clinical trial NCT02789111
Conditions: Constipation
Sponsor: University of Virginia
Start date: 2016-06-01; Completion date: 2018-12-01
Enrollment: 49 participants; Allocation: RANDOMIZED; Intervention model: PARALLEL

Brief summary:
The Investigator has chosen to study the reconstructive spinal surgery patient population because it is believed that the use of alvimopan in these patients at the University of Virginia will give the scientific community significant insight into the broader applicability of this drug into other surgical populations, the impact of this drug on the perception of pain (as opposed to simply the consumption of opioids), and its impact on total hospital charges, resource utilization, and functional outcomes.

Detailed description:
Pain control following major spine surgery is difficult to achieve. Opiates are often necessary in high doses, and may be associated with significant side effects. Such side effects may include urinary retention, altered mental status, depressed respiratory drive, and constipation, and may lead to reduced nutritional intake in the postoperative period. Importantly, post-operative nutrition may impact the incidence of complications following spine surgery.1 Alvimopan is a peripheral-acting opiate antagonist designed to decrease the gastrointestinal complications of perioperative systemic opioid administration.

Pain control following major spine surgery is difficult to achieve. Opiates are often necessary in high doses, and may be associated with significant side effects including constipation. Alvimopan is a drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and is used to help the bowel recover more quickly in patients who are having bowel surgery, so that they can eat solid foods and have regular bowel movements. Alvimopan is in a class of medications called peripherally acting mu-opioid receptor antagonists. It works by protecting the bowel from the constipation effects of opioid (narcotic) medications that are used to treat pain after surgery.

The purpose of this study is to determine if the use of alvimopan in major spine surgery reduces the time to first bowel movement. By assessing the use of alvimopan in reconstructive spinal surgery patients, researchers hope to give the scientific community insight into the broader use of this drug in other surgical populations, as well as gathering information on the impact of hospital charges and overall post-operative patient satisfaction.

Arms: arm 1: 12 mg alvimopan twice a day (either by mouth or by (NG) nasogastric tube) for up to seven days post-operatively, or until the time of discharge, whichever occurs first, to a maximum of 15 doses. arm 2: Placebo twice a day (either by mouth or by (NG) nasogastric tube) for up to seven days post-operatively, or until the time of discharge, whichever occurs first, to a maximum of 15 doses.
Interventions: intervention 1: Alvimopan intervention 2: Placebo
Intervention descriptions: intervention 1: Alviimopan 12 mg twice daily up to 15 doses intervention 2: Placebo twice daily up to 15 doses

Protocol documents:
Prot_SAP_000.pdf: 
IRB-HSR# 18781: Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Alvimopan in Major Spine Surgery 
 
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IRB-HSR PROTOCOL 
Investigator Agreement 
BY SIGNING THIS DOCUMENT, THE INVESTIGATOR CONFIRMS: 
1. I am not currently debarred by the US FDA from involvement in clinical research studies. 
2. I am not involved in any regulatory or misconduct litigation or investigation by the FDA. 
3. That if this study involves any funding or resources from an outside source, or if you will be sharing data 
outside of UVA prior to publication that you will contact the Dean’s office regarding the need for a 
contract and letter of indemnification.  If it is determined that either a contract or letter of indemnification 
is needed, subjects cannot be enrolled until these documents are complete. 
4. The proposed research project will be conducted by me or under my close supervision.  It will be 
conducted in accordance with the protocol submitted to and approved by the IRB including any 
modifications, amendments or addendums submitted and approved by the IRB throughout the life of the 
protocol.  
5. That no personnel will be allowed to work on this protocol until they have completed the IRB-HSR On-line 
training and the IRB-HSR has been notified. 
6. That all personnel working on this protocol will follow all IRB-HSR Policies and Procedures as stated on the 
IRB-HSR Website http://www.virginia.edu/vprgs/irb/ and on the School of Medicine Clinical Trials Office 
Website:  http://knowledgelink.healthsystem.virginia.edu/intranet/hes/cto/sops/sop_index.cfm 
7. I will ensure that all those delegated tasks relating to this study, whether explicitly or implicitly, are 
capable through expertise, training , experience or credentialing to undertake those tasks.   
8. I confirm that the implications of the study have been discussed with all Departments that might be 
affected by it and have obtained their agreement for the study to take place.  
9. That no subjects will be recruited or entered under the protocol until the Investigator has received the 
signed IRB-HSR Approval form stating the protocol is open to enrollment 
10. That any materials used to recruit subjects will be approved by the IRB-HSR prior to use.  
11. That all subjects will sign a copy of the most current consent form that has a non-expired IRB-HSR approval 
stamp. 
12. That any modifications of the protocol or consent form will not be initiated without prior written approval 
from the IRB-HSR, except when necessary to eliminate immediate hazards to the subjects. 
13. Any significant findings that become known in the course of the research that might affect the willingness 
of subjects to enroll or to continue to take part, will be promptly reported to the IRB.   
14. I will report immediately to the IRB any unanticipated problems involving risk to subjects or to others 
including adverse reactions to biologics, drugs or medical devices.   
15. That any serious deviation from the protocol will be reported promptly to the Board in writing. 
16. That any data breach will be reported to the  IRB, the UVa Corporate Compliance and Privacy Office , UVa 
Police as applicable.  
17. That the continuation status report for this protocol will be completed and returned within the time limit 
stated on the form. 
18. That the IRB-HSR office will be notified within 30 days of a change in the Principal Investigator or of the 
closure of this study. 
19. That a new PI will be assigned if the current PI will not be at UVA for an extended period of time. If the 
current PI leaves UVa permanently, a new PI will be assigned PRIOR to the departure of the current PI.  


IRB-HSR# 18781: Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Alvimopan in Major Spine Surgery 
 
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20. All study team members will have access to the current protocol and other applicable documents such as 
the IRB-HSR Application, consent forms and Investigator Brochures. 
21. Signed consent forms and other research records will be retained in a confidential manner.  Records will 
be kept at least 6 years after completion of the study.  
22. No data/specimens may be taken from UVa without a signed Material Transfer Agreement between 
OSP/SOM Grants and Contracts Office and the new institution.  Original study files are considered 
institutional records and may not be transferred to another institution. I will notify my department 
administration regarding where the originals will be kept at UVa.  The material transfer agreement will 
delineate what copies of data, health information and/or specimens may be taken outside of UVa.  It will 
also approve which HIPAA identifiers may be taken outside of UVa with the health information or 
specimens. 
23. If any member of study team leaves UVa, they are STRONGLY ENCOURAGED to use Exit Checklist found on 
IRB-HSR website at http://www.virginia.edu/provost/facultyexit.pdf. 
 
 
The IRB reserves the right to terminate this study at any time if, in its opinion, (1) the risks of further 
experimentation are prohibitive, or (2) the above agreement is breached. 
 
Investigators Experience 
The principal investigator is an attending anesthesiologist with extensive experience in clinical research. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


IRB-HSR# 18781: Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Alvimopan in Major Spine Surgery 
 
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Signatures 
 
Principal Investigator 
 
____________________________ 
____________________________ 
_______ 
Principal Investigator 
Principal Investigator 
Date 
Signature 
Name Printed 
 
 
The Principal Investigator signature is ONLY required if this is a new protocol, a 5 year update or a modification 
changing the Principal Investigator. 
 
 
Department Chair 
BY SIGNING THIS DOCUMENT THE DEPARTMENT CHAIR AGREES: 
1. To work with the investigator and with the board as needed, to maintain compliance with this 
agreement. 
2. That the Principal Investigator is qualified to perform this study. 
3. That the protocol is scientifically relevant and sound. 
 
___________________________ 
_______________________  
_________ 
Department Chair or Designee  
Department Chair or Designee 
Date 
Signature 
Name Printed 
 
 
The person signing as the Department Chair cannot be the Principal Investigator or a sub-investigator on this 
protocol. 
The Department Chair or Designee signature is ONLY required if this is a new protocol or a modification 
changing the Principal Investigator. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


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Brief Summary/Abstract 
We have chosen to study the reconstructive spinal surgery patient population because we believe that the use 
of alvimopan in these patients at the University of Virginia will give the scientific community significant insight 
into the broader applicability of this drug into other surgical populations, the impact of this drug on the 
perception of pain (as opposed to simply the consumption of opioids), and its impact on total hospital charges, 
resource utilization, and functional outcomes. 
Background 
Provide the scientific background, rationale and relevance of this project.   
Pain control following major spine surgery is difficult to achieve.  Opiates are often necessary in high doses, and 
may be associated with significant side effects.  Such side effects may include urinary retention, altered mental 
status, depressed respiratory drive, and constipation, and may lead to reduced nutritional intake in the 
postoperative period.  Importantly, post-operative nutrition may impact the incidence of complications 
following spine surgery.1  
An emerging body of data suggests that intraoperative opiate use results in increased post-operative opiate 
requirements2-4 although this is controversial.5-7  Because of the side effects associated with opioid use, much 
effort has been devoted to the development of alternative and/or complementary analgesic regimens. 
Unfortunately, in early 2009 much of the promising data on alternative/complementary analgesic modalities 
was shown to have been fabricated.  In all, twenty-one peer-reviewed papers in support of ketorolac, COX-2 
inhibitors (celecoxib, rofecoxib, and valdecoxib), clonidine, verapamil, venlafaxine, pregabalin, and gabapentin 
were retracted.  Thus, the goal of achieving improved perioperative pain control is as important, and distant, as 
ever 
 
Alvimopan is a peripheral-acting opiate antagonist designed to decrease the gastrointestinal complications of 
perioperative systemic opioid administration.  It has been studied in 11 randomized, controlled trials 
encompassing 4175 patients over the course of seven years.  In all but one study, bowel recovery was improved 
following alvimopan administration, and in all but two, post-operative analgesia was reportedly unaffected 
 
Despite existence of a large, growing body of literature supporting the use of alvimopan, further analysis is 
warranted for several reasons.  First, and foremost, all eleven randomized trials of alvimopan were conducted 
using in patients undergoing intraabdominal surgery.  While these patients universally suffer from post-
operative ileus (because of proximity between the site of surgery to the GI tract), other patient populations 
(such as major spine surgery patients) also suffer from post-operative ileus 
 
Second, the vast majority of data on alvimopan assesses effective analgesia by comparing morphine equivalents 
between groups (the implication being that if morphine equivalents are equal, no inhibition of analgesic effect 
has occurred).  This methodology does not actually assess pain control or patient satisfaction 
 
Third, several studies have shown an improvement in time to discharge or discharge order8-12, without 
examining whether or not the difference in time to discharge translated into a reduction in hospital charges.  
Bell et al. pooled data from several alvimopan trials and estimated that mean hospital costs were reduced 
between $879 and $977 per patient, although this analysis was not based on the neurosurgical patient 
population.8 


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Lastly, the primary outcome in all eleven randomized, clinical trials is some variation of return of GI function.  
Patients who undergo reconstructive spinal procedures offer an additional clinical outcomes – functional status 
and postoperative satisfaction (as measured by the Owestry Disability Index [ODI], the short form 12, and the 
short form 36 scores) 
Hypothesis to be Tested 
Primary Objective: examine the impact of alvimopan on time to first bowel movement in patients who undergo major spinal surgery 
 
 Primary Hypothesis: the perioperative use of alvimopan in major spine surgery reduces the time to first bowel movement 
 
 Secondary Objective: examine the impact of alvimopan on: 
• 
overall hospital cost  
• 
quality of recovery  
• 
pain scores 
 
 Secondary Hypotheses: the perioperative use of alvimopan in major spine surgery  
1) reduces overall hospital cost [even when taking into account the cost of the drug]  
2) results in earlier resumption of full PO intake and consequently improved post-operative nutrition   
 
Study Design: Biomedical 
1.  Will controls be used? Yes 
 
►IF YES, explain the kind of controls to be used. placebo controlled study 
 
7. What is the study design?  
Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial 
 
8. Does the study involve a placebo?Yes 
 
►IF YES, provide a justification for the use of a placebo 
Compelling methodological reasons for use of placebo; 
Participants are not deprived of interventions they would otherwise receive; and 
Research intended to develop interventions that will benefit the host population. 
 
Human Participants 
1.  How many subjects will sign a consent form under this UVa protocol?     60 
 
2. Provide an estimated time line for the study.100% enrolled in 2 years 
 
Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria 
INSTRUCTIONS: 
The inclusion and exclusion criteria should be written in bullet format. 


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If this is a collection of only retrospective* specimens or data, the inclusion criteria must include a start and 
stop date for when specimens/ data will be collected.   
The stop date must be prior to the version date of this protocol. 
*Retrospective:  all specimens are in a lab at the time this protocol is approved by the IRB.  All data exists in 
medical records or records from previous studies at the time this protocol is approved by the IRB.   
1.  List the criteria for inclusion  
1. Major spine surgery scheduled as part of clinical care 
2. 18-80 years 
 
2.  List the criteria for exclusion 
1. More than three doses of any opioid within one week of surgery  
2. Pregnancy- 
3. Prisoners 
4. Unable to provide consent  
5. Emergency surgery 
6. Chronic kidney disease stage 5 (GFR < 15 ml/min) 
7. Severe hepatic impairment  
8. Recent myocardial infarction (within the last 3 months)  
9. Allergy to any study related medications 
10. Participation in another interventional study during the study period 
 
3.  List any restrictions on use of other drugs or treatments. 
None 
Statistical Considerations 
a. 
Is stratification/randomization involved? Yes 
 
►IF YES, describe the stratification/ randomization scheme. 
• randomization will occur to either the alvimopan or placebo group after confirmation of 
eligibility on the day of surgery 
• the randomization will be performed and the blind maintained by the Investigational Pharmacy 
 
►IF YES, who will generate the randomization scheme?  
__x___ UVa Investigational Drug Service (IDS) 
 
2.  What are the statistical considerations for the protocol?  
For the purpose of the final analysis, the official clinical database will not be unblinded until medical/scientific 
review has been completed at the end of the entire study, protocol violators have been identified (if 
appropriate), and data has been declared complete. 
 
Siny Tsang, PhD will perform the analysis for UVA  
Abdel Malek,Amir L. will extract data from CDR.  Abdel works for the Department of Anesthesiology                     
and extracts data as part of his routine job duties  
 


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Statistical Methods: For continuous variables, normality will be assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. 
The Mann-Whitney U-test will be used to compare non-normally distributed data, and normally distributed 
data will be assessed by the Student t-test for equality of means. Categorical data will be analyzed using χ2 or 
Fisher’s exact test,if the count is < 5 in any cell. .  
1. Time to event data (time to first bowel movement) will be analyzed using the rank-sum test. 
2.visual analog scale , overall hospital charges , time to resumption of PO intake ,functional outcomes  QR-40  
will be analyzed in the following ways: 
• 11-point Numeric rating scale and  QR-40 will be analyzed by way of a mixed model for repeated 
measures (MMRM).  
• For hospital charges, either a t-test or Wilcoxon rank sum test (depending on the assessment of 
normality, as noted above).  
• For time to resumption of PO intake we will assume no censoring and will use the rank sum test. Finally 
pain scores will be calculated and displayed using summary statistics empirically without comparison 
testing. 
 
 All tests will be 2-sided and we will consider a P value <0.05 to be statistically significant. 
 
3.  Provide a justification for the sample size used in this protocol.   
In order to power this study, we evaluated the mean time to first bowel movement at our institution, which 
was 3.27 days (σ = 1.10) 
 
Based on published data 519 women undergoing gynecological surgery, we predict that perioperative 
alvimopan will reduce the time to first bowel movement by 30%.13  Assuming that the placebo group will 
require 3.27 days to achieve a bowel movement, that alvimopan reduces time to first bowel movement by 
30% (0.98 days) without changing the standard deviation (σ = 1.10), and setting α to 0.05, power analysis 
suggests that we will need to randomize 42 patients in order to have a 80% chance of not making a type II 
error. To factor for a 10-15% dropout rate, we would recruit 60 subjects for this study.  
 
4.  What is your plan for primary variable analysis? 
Time to event data (time to first bowel movement) will be analyzed using the rank-sum test. 
5.  What is your plan for secondary variable analysis?  
 visual analog scale ,overall hospital charges , time to resumption of PO intake , functional outcomes  QR40 8) 
will be analyzed in the following ways: 
• 11-point Numeric rating scale and  will be analyzed by way of a mixed model for repeated measures 
(MMRM).  
• For hospital charges, either a t-test or Wilcoxon rank sum test (depending on the assessment of 
normality, as noted above).  
• For time to resumption of PO intake we will assume no censoring and will use the rank sum test. Finally 
pain scores will be calculated and displayed using summary statistics empirically without comparison 
testing. 
6. Have you been working with a statistician in designing this protocol?   Yes 
 
Siny Tsang, PhD 
7. Will data from multiple sites be combined during analysis?  No 
 


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Biomedical Research 
1. List the procedures, in bullet form, that will be done for RESEARCH PURPOSES as stipulated in this 
protocol. 
• Subjects will be consented 
• Prior to study randomization, subjects will undergo a physical exam and review of medical history 
• All women  of child bearing potential will have a urine pregnancy test performed prior to 
administration of study drug pre-operatively 
• Subjects will be randomized to either the alvimopan or placebo group 
• Alvimopan or placebo administered orally pre-operatively 
• Alvimopan or placebo administered orally or per NG twice daily post-operatively for up to seven days 
post-operatively, or until the time of discharge, whichever occurs first, to a maximum of 15 doses 
• All intraoperative data recorded on the anesthesia record will be collected prospectively.   
• BIS scores, when available, will be collected at the completion of surgery.  
• Neuromonitoring data (ex. latency, amplitude, significant signal changes) will be collected at the 
completion of surgery.   
• Postoperatively, visual analog scale (VAS) scores will be assessed daily at morning rounds.  
• Additionally, nutritional intake and in hospital complications will be recorded, as will the patient’s report 
of pain (on the 0-10 pain scale), time to first solid intake, time to first flatus and bowel movement 
(primary outcome), time to first ambulation, and consumption of all pain medications (intravenous and 
by mouth).   
• ICU stay and hospital stay will be noted Initial post-op pain management orders will be entered by the 
Anesthesiologist  
• to standardize opioid requirements, patients will initially be ordered hydromorphone as the intravenous 
opioid of choice (PCA and prn), and will only be changed (fentanyl) if specifically requested by the 
primary service.   
• Patients will also be ordered oxycodone as the initial PO opioid of choice, and only changed to other 
medications (hydrocodone) if specifically requested by the primary service 
• At the completion of hospitalization,  QR40 will be used to assess the patients’ pain and quality of life at 
discharge.  
Total patient charges will be extracted from the University of Virginia’s Clinical Data Repository.  
 
2. Will you be using data/specimens in this study that were collected previously, with the use of a research 
consent form, from another research study? No 
 
3.  Will any of the procedures listed in item # 1 have the potential to identify an incidental finding?  This 
includes ALL procedures, assessments and evaluations that are being done for RESEARCH PURPOSES that 
may or may not be considered investigational. No 
 
4.  Do any of the procedures listed above, under question # 1, utilize any imaging procedures for RESEARCH 
PURPOSES?No 
 
5. Will you be using viable embryos? No 
 


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6. Will you be using embryonic stem cells? No 
 
9.  Are any aspects of the study kept secret from the participants?  Yes 
 
►IF YES, describe: the randomized study drug/ placebo is blinded 
 
10.  Is any deception used in the study?    No 
 
 
9. Will your study involve measures (C-SSRS/BID/SCID etc.) used to assess for depression and/or suicidality 
for research purposes?   No 
       
APPENDIX:  Clinical Data Repository 
1.  Will you be obtaining data from the UVa Clinical Data Repository (CDR)?   yes 
 
CATEGORY 
DATA ELEMENTS 
CHECK  ALL THAT APPLY 
Demographics 
e.g. Gender, race, age 
 
Administrative 
e.g. Includes payor, payscale, length 
of stay, fact of visits (inpatient or 
outpatient), locations of service 
(inpatient or outpatient), providers 
 
Financial 
e.g. Charges or costs associated with 
care 
x 
Clinical Data 
e.g. Diagnoses 
 
e.g. Procedures 
 
e.g. Mortality 
 
e.g. Laboratory / Microbiology 
Results 
 
e.g. Medications 
 
e.g. Vitals, Height / Weight, Other 
Clinical Parameters 
 
e.g. Other (specify) 
 
Narrative Reports 
e.g. Includes discharge summaries, 
pathology reports, operative notes, 
etc.  
 
Other  
Explain:   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


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 Data and Safety Monitoring Plan 
INSTRUCTIONS: 
If you have any questions completing this section call 243-9847 for assistance. 
A Sponsor is defined as entity that will receive data prior to publication. 
1.  Definition: 
1.1 How will you define adverse events (AE)) for this study?  
__x___An adverse event will be considered any undesirable sign, symptom or medical or 
psychological condition only  if the event is  considered to be related to the investigational 
drug/device/intervention. Medical condition/diseases present before starting the investigational 
drug/intervention will be considered adverse events only if they worsen after starting study 
treatment/intervention.  An adverse event is also any undesirable and unintended effect of 
research occurring in human subjects as a result of the collection of identifiable private information 
under the research.  Adverse events also include any problems associated with the use of an 
investigational device that adversely affects the rights, safety or welfare of subject s. 
1.2 How will you define serious adverse events? 
__x___A serious adverse event will be considered any undesirable sign, symptom, or medical 
condition which is fatal, is life-threatening, requires or prolongs inpatient hospitalization, results 
in persistent or significant disability/incapacity, constitutes a congenital anomaly or birth 
defect, is medically significant and which the investigator regards as serious based on 
appropriate medical judgment. An important medical event is any AE that may not result in 
death, be life-threatening, or require hospitalization but may be considered an SAE when, 
based upon appropriate medical judgment, it may jeopardize the patient and may require 
medical or surgical intervention to prevent one of the outcomes listed in the definitions of SAEs.  
1.3 What is the definition of an unanticipated problem?  
Do not change this answer 
An unanticipated problem is any event, experience that meets ALL 3 criteria below: 
• Is unexpected in terms of nature, severity or frequency given the research procedures that 
are described in the protocol-related documents AND in the characteristics of the subject 
population being studies 
• Related or possibly related to participation in research.  This means that there is a 
reasonable possibility that the incident may have been caused by the procedures involved 
in the research study. 
• The incident suggests that the research placed the subject or others at greater risk of harm 
than was previously known or recognized OR results in actual harm to the subject or others 
 
o 
What are the definitions of a protocol violation and/or noncompliance?  
Do not change this answer 


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A protocol violation is defined as any change, deviation, or departure from the study design or 
procedures of research project that is NOT approved by the IRB-HSR prior to its initiation or 
implementation.  Protocol violations may be major or minor violations.   
 
Noncompliance can be a protocol violation OR deviation from standard operating procedures, 
Good Clinical Practices (GCPs), federal, state or local regulations.   Noncompliance may be serious 
or continuing.  
Additional Information: see the IRB-HSR website at  
http://www.virginia.edu/vpr/irb/HSR_docs/Forms/Protocol_Violations_%20Enrollment_Exceptions
_Instructions.doc 
 
o 
If pregnancy occurs how will this information be managed? 
 
__x___  Unanticipated Problems- will follow Unanticipated Problem recording and reporting 
procedures outlined in section 3.  
o 
What is the definition of a Protocol Enrollment Exception?   
 
____Protocol has a sponsor or a Data & Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) outside of UVa.  An 
enrollment exception is the DSMB or sponsor’s prospective approval for the enrollment of a 
research subject that fails to meet current IRB-HSR approved protocol inclusion criteria, or falls 
under protocol exclusion criteria. Enrollment exceptions only apply to a single individual. Such a 
request should be rare and justified in terms of serving the best interests of the potential study 
participant. 
 
o 
What is the definition of a data breach? 
Do not change this answer 
A data breach is defined in the HITECH Act (43 USC 17932) as an unauthorized acquisition, access, 
or use of protected health information (PHI) that compromises the security or privacy of such 
information. 
Additional Information may be found on the IRB-HSR Website: Data Breach 
 
2.  Identified risks and plans to minimize risk 
 
2.1 What risks are expected due to the intervention in this protocol? 
 
Expected Risks related to study 
participation. 
Frequency 
 
• 
Constipation 
Occurs frequently 
• 
Flatulence (gas) 
Occurs frequently 


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• 
Dyspepsia ( upset stomach) 
Occurs frequently 
• 
Anemia (low blood count 
Occurs infrequently 
• 
Urinary retention 
Occurs infrequently 
• 
Back pain  
Occurs infrequently 
Hypokalemia (low potassium 
Occurs infrequently 
Reproductive Risks 
Specify potential reproductive risks 
here 
Minimized due to the requirements of 
this protocol.   
Violation of subject’s privacy and 
confidentiality 
Minimized due to the requirements of 
the privacy plan in this protocol 
 
The drug has shown an increase in heart attack when used long term, but no evidence of this has been 
seen with short-term use.  
 
 
2.2   List by bullet format a summary of safety tests/procedures/observations to be performed that will 
minimize risks to participants:   
• adequate screening 
• AE monitoring at each visit 
 
2.3 Under what criteria would an INDIVIDUAL SUBJECT’S study treatment or study participation be stopped 
or modified 
___x__At subject, PI or sponsor’s request 
 
_x____Treatment would be stopped if the subject had a serious adverse event deemed related to 
study,  
 
o Under what criteria would THE ENTIRE STUDY need to be stopped.   
__x___Per IRB, PI,  
 
2.5 What are the criteria for breaking the blind/mask? 
 
___x__Other: the purpose of the final analysis, the official clinical database will not be unblinded until 
medical/scientific review has been completed at the end of the entire study, protocol violators have been 
identified (if appropriate), and data has been declared complete. 
 
 
How will subject withdrawals/dropouts be reported to the IRB prior to study completion? 
__x___IRB-HSR continuation status form  
 


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3.  Adverse Event / Unanticipated Problem Recording and Reporting 
3.1 Will all adverse events, as defined in section 1.1, be collected/recorded?  No 
►IF NO, what criteria will be used?  
 
x_____Only adverse events that are deemed related AND serious  
 
 
3.2 How will adverse event data be collected/recorded? Check all that apply 
__x___Paper AE forms/source documents  
 
3.3. How will AEs be classified/graded? Check all that apply 
__x___Mild/Moderate/Severe 
_X_ Serious/Not serious Required for all protocols 
 
• 
What scale will the PI use when evaluating the relatedness of adverse events to the study 
participation?   
 
__x___The PI will determine the relationship of adverse events to the study 
 using the following scale: 
 
Related:      
 
AE is clearly related to the intervention 
Possibly related: 
AE may be related to the intervention 
Unrelated:  
 
AE is clearly not related to intervention 
 
3.5 When will recording/reporting of adverse events/unanticipated problems begin? 
 
___x__After subject begins study drug/ device placement/intervention /study-related 
procedure/specimen collection 
 
3.6 When will the recording/reporting of adverse events/unanticipated problems end? 
___x__ End of study drug/device/intervention/participation  
 
3.7 How will Adverse Events, Unanticipated Problems, Protocol Violations and Data Breaches be 
reported?  Complete the table below to answer this question 
 
Type of Event 
To whom will it 
be reported: 
Time Frame for 
Reporting 
How reported? 
Any internal event resulting 
in death that is deemed 
DEFINITELY related to (caused 
by) study participation 
An internal event is one that 
occurs in a subject enrolled in 
a UVa protocol 
IRB-HSR 
Within 24 hours 
IRB Online and phone call 
 
www.irb.virginia.edu/ 
 


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Internal, Serious, related, 
Unexpected adverse event  
 
  
IRB-HSR 
Within 7 calendar 
days from the 
time the study 
team received 
knowledge of the 
event. 
 
Timeline includes 
submission of 
signed hardcopy 
of AE form. 
IRB Online 
 
www.irb.virginia.edu/ 
 
Unanticipated Problems that 
are not adverse events or 
protocol violations  
This would include a Data 
Breach.   
IRB-HSR 
 
 
Within 7 calendar 
days from the 
time the study 
team received 
knowledge of the 
event.  
Unanticipated Problem report 
form.  
 
http://www.virginia.edu/vprgs
/irb/HSR_docs/Forms/Reportin
g_Requirements-
Unanticipated_Problems.doc ) 
Protocol 
Violations/Noncompliance 
The IRB-HSR only requires that 
MAJOR violation be reported, 
unless otherwise required by 
your sponsor, if applicable. 
 
OR 
 
Enrollment Exceptions 
See definition- only allowed if 
there is a commercial sponsor 
or a DSMB that has granted 
the enrollment exception.  
IRB-HSR 
 
 
Within 7 calendar 
days from the 
time the study 
team received 
knowledge of the 
event.  
 
Protocol Violation, 
Noncompliance and 
Enrollment Exception 
Reporting Form 
 
 
http://www.virginia.edu/vprgs
/irb/hsr_forms.html 
 
Go to 3rd bullet from the 
bottom. 
  
Data Breach  
The UVa 
Corporate 
Compliance and 
Privacy Office 
 
 
 
ITC:  if breach 
involves  
electronic data  
 
 
 
 
Police if breach 
includes items 
that are stolen: 
 
Stolen on UVA 
Grounds 
As soon as 
possible and no 
later than 24 
hours from the 
time the incident 
is identified. 
 
As soon as 
possible and no 
later than 24 
hours from the 
time the incident 
is identified. 
 
IMMEDIATELY.  
 
 
UVa Corporate Compliance and 
Privacy Office- Phone 924-9741 
 
 
 
 
ITC:  Information Security 
Incident Reporting procedure,  
http://www.itc.virginia.edu/se
curity/reporting.html 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
UVa Police-Phone- (434) 924-
7166 


IRB-HSR# 18781: Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Alvimopan in Major Spine Surgery 
 
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OR  
 
Stolen off UVa 
Grounds- contact 
police 
department of 
jurisdiction of last 
known location of 
PHI 
  
4.    How will the endpoint data be collected/recorded. Check all that apply 
__x___Protocol specific case report forms  
__x___Source documents 
___x__Database: to be stored on the “O” drive 
5. Data and Safety Oversight Responsibility 
 
5.1. Who is responsible for overseeing safety data for this study?  
INSTRUCTIONS: 
e.g. Who is looking at data in aggregate form to identify trends? 
Check all that apply 
 
___x__No additional oversight body other than PI at UVa Skip question 5.2 
5.2. What is the composition of the reviewing body and how is it affiliated with the sponsor?  n/a 
5.3. What items will be included in the aggregate review conducted by the PI?   
___x__All adverse events 
___x__Unanticipated Problems 
__x___Protocol violations/Issues of noncompliance 
___x__Audit results 
_____Application of dose finding escalation/de-escalation rules  
These should be outlined under 2.4. 
__x___Application of study designed stopping/decision rules 
___x__Early withdrawals 
___x__Whether the study accrual pattern warrants continuation/action 
___x__Endpoint data 
 
a. How often will aggregate review occur? 
For additional information on aggregate review see: 
www.virginia.edu/vpr/irb/hsr/continuations.html#aggreview 
__x___Annually 
 


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5.5. How often will a report, regarding the outcome of the review by the DSMB/DSMC, be sent to the 
UVa PI? n/a 
 
5.6. How will a report of the information discussed in question 5.4 OR 5.5 be submitted to the IRB?   
 
__x___Part of IRB-HSR continuation status form 
Risk/ Benefit Analysis 
1.  What are the potential benefits for the participant as well as benefits which may accrue to society in 
general, as a result of this study? 
Opiates are often necessary in high doses, and may be associated with significant side effects.  Such side effects 
may include urinary retention, altered mental status, depressed respiratory drive, and constipation, and may 
lead to reduced nutritional intake in the postoperative period. The potential benefit for the participant may be 
the reduction of these side effects. 
We have chosen to study the reconstructive spinal surgery patient population because we believe that the use 
of alvimopan in these patients at the University of Virginia will give the scientific community significant insight 
into the broader applicability of this drug into other surgical populations, the impact of this drug on the 
perception of pain (as opposed to simply the consumption of opioids), and its impact on total hospital charges, 
resource utilization, and functional outcomes 
 
2.  Do the anticipated benefits justify asking subjects to undertake the risks?   
The risks are those of opioids and the risks of the study drug. The benefit may  improve bowel outcomes thus 
the risk benefit ratio is favorable.  
Bibliography 
1. 
Stambough JL, Beringer D. Postoperative wound infections complicating adult spine surgery. Journal of spinal disorders 
1992;5:277-85. 
2. 
Crawford MW, Hickey C, Zaarour C, Howard A, Naser B. Development of acute opioid tolerance during infusion of remifentanil 
for pediatric scoliosis surgery. Anesthesia and analgesia 2006;102:1662-7. 
3. 
Guignard B, Bossard AE, Coste C, et al. Acute opioid tolerance: intraoperative remifentanil increases postoperative pain and 
morphine requirement. Anesthesiology 2000;93:409-17. 
4. 
Rauf K, Vohra A, Fernandez-Jimenez P, O'Keeffe N, Forrest M. Remifentanil infusion in association with fentanyl-propofol 
anaesthesia in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: effects on morphine requirement and postoperative analgesia. British journal of 
anaesthesia 2005;95:611-5. 
5. 
Cortinez LI, Brandes V, Munoz HR, Guerrero ME, Mur M. No clinical evidence of acute opioid tolerance after remifentanil-
based anaesthesia. British journal of anaesthesia 2001;87:866-9. 
6. 
Fletcher D, Pinaud M, Scherpereel P, Clyti N, Chauvin M. The efficacy of intravenous 0.15 versus 0.25 mg/kg intraoperative 
morphine for immediate postoperative analgesia after remifentanil-based anesthesia for major surgery. Anesthesia and analgesia 
2000;90:666-71. 
7. 
Lee LH, Irwin MG, Lui SK. Intraoperative remifentanil infusion does not increase postoperative opioid consumption compared 
with 70% nitrous oxide. Anesthesiology 2005;102:398-402. 
8. 
Bell TJ, Poston SA, Kraft MD, Senagore AJ, Delaney CP, Techner L. Economic analysis of alvimopan in North American Phase 
III efficacy trials. American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System 
Pharmacists 2009;66:1362-8. 
9. 
Delaney CP, Weese JL, Hyman NH, et al. Phase III trial of alvimopan, a novel, peripherally acting, mu opioid antagonist, for 
postoperative ileus after major abdominal surgery. Diseases of the colon and rectum 2005;48:1114-25; discussion 25-6; author reply 
27-9. 


IRB-HSR# 18781: Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Alvimopan in Major Spine Surgery 
 
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10. 
Ludwig K, Enker WE, Delaney CP, et al. Gastrointestinal tract recovery in patients undergoing bowel resection: results of a 
randomized trial of alvimopan and placebo with a standardized accelerated postoperative care pathway. Archives of surgery 
2008;143:1098-105. 
11. 
Viscusi ER, Goldstein S, Witkowski T, et al. Alvimopan, a peripherally acting mu-opioid receptor antagonist, compared with 
placebo in postoperative ileus after major abdominal surgery: results of a randomized, double-blind, controlled study. Surgical 
endoscopy 2006;20:64-70. 
12. 
Wolff BG, Michelassi F, Gerkin TM, et al. Alvimopan, a novel, peripherally acting mu opioid antagonist: results of a multicenter, 
randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III trial of major abdominal surgery and postoperative ileus. Annals of surgery 
2004;240:728-34; discussion 34-5. 
13. 
Herzog TJ, Coleman RL, Guerrieri JP, Jr., et al. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase III study of the safety of 
alvimopan in patients who undergo simple total abdominal hysterectomy. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 
2006;195:445-53. 
 
 
APPENDIX:  Legal/Regulatory 
Recruitment 
The following procedures will be followed: 
• Finders fees will not be paid to an individual as they are not allowed by UVa Policy. 
• All recruitment materials will be approved by the IRB-HSR prior to use.  They will be submitted to 
the IRB after the IRB-HSR has assigned an IRB-HSR # to the protocol. 
• Only those individuals listed as personnel on this protocol will recruit and or conduct the 
consenting process with potential subjects.  
 
Retention Incentives 
Any item used by the sponsor/ study team to provide incentive to a subject to remain in the study, other than 
compensation identified in the Payment section, will be submitted to the IRB for review prior to use.  The IRB-
HSR will provide the study team with a Receipt Acknowledgement for their records.  Retention incentive items 
are such things as water bottles, small tote bags, birthday cards etc.  Cash and gift cards are not allowed as 
retention incentives.  
 
Clinical Privileges 
The following procedures will be followed:  
• Investigators who are members of the clinical staff at the University of Virginia Medical Center must 
have the appropriate credentials and been granted clinical privileges to perform specific clinical 
procedures whether those procedures are experimental or standard.  
• 
The IRB cannot grant clinical privileges.   
• Performing procedures which are outside the scope of the clinical privileges that have been granted 
may result in denial of insurance coverage should claims of negligence or malpractice arise. 
• Personnel on this protocol will have the appropriate credentials and clinical privileges in place before 
performing any procedures required by this protocol.  
• 
Contact the Clinical Staff Office- 924-9055 or 924-8778 for further information. 
 
Sharing of Data/Specimens 
Data and specimens collected under an IRB approved protocol are the property of the University of Virginia.  
You must have “permission” to share data/ specimens outside of UVa other than for a grant application and or 


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publication.  This “permission” may come in the form of a contract with the sponsor or a material transfer 
agreement (MTA) with others.  A contract/ MTA is needed to share the data outside of UVa even if the data 
includes no HIPAA identifiers and no code that could link the data back to a HIPAA identifier.   
• No data will be shared outside of UVa, beyond using data for a grant application and or publication, 
without a signed contract/MTA approved by the SOM Grants and Contracts office/ OSP or written 
confirmation that one is not needed. 
• No specimens will be shared outside of UVa without a signed contract/MTA approved by the SOM Grants 
and Contracts office/ OSP or written confirmation that one is not needed. 
 
Prisoners 
If the original protocol/ IRB application stated that no prisoners would be enrolled in this study and subsequently 
a subject becomes a prisoner, the study team must notify the IRB immediately.  The study team and IRB will 
need to determine if the subject will remain in the study.  If the subject will remain in the study, the protocol 
will have to be re-reviewed with the input of a prisoner advocate.  The prisoner advocate will also have to be 
involved in the review of future continuations, modifications or any other reporting such as protocol violations 
or adverse events.   
 
Prisoner- Individuals are prisoners if they are in any kind of penal institution, such as a prison, jail, or juvenile 
offender facility, and their ability to leave the institution is restricted. Prisoners may be convicted felons, or 
may be untried persons who are detained pending judicial action, for example, arraignment or trial. 
For additional information see the OHRP website at  http://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/policy/populations/index.html 
 
Compensation in Case of Injury  
If a subject requests compensation for an injury, the study team should notify the IRB-HSR (924-
9634/2439847) the UVa Health System Patient Relations Department (924-8315).  As a proactive courtesy, the 
study team may also notify UVa Health System Patient Safety and Risk Management (924-5595). 
 
On request, the study team should provide  the Risk Management Office with the following 
information/documents: 
• Subject Name and Medical Record Number 
• Research medical records 
• Research consent form 
• Adverse event report to IRB 
• Any letter from IRB to OHRP 
 
Subject Complaints  
During a research study, the study team may receive complaints from a subject.  If the study team is uncertain 
how to respond to a complaint, or is unable to resolve it with the subject, the study team may contact the IRB-
HSR (924-9634/243-9847), the UVa Health System Patient Relations Department (924-8315). 
 
Request for Research Records from Search Warrant or Subpoena 


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If the study team receives a request for research records from a search warrant or subpoena, they should 
notify UVa Health Information Services at 924-5136. It is important to notify them if information from the 
study is protected by a Certificate of Confidentiality.   
 
APPENDIX:  Non- UVa Personnel 
1. Explain the duties of non-UVA personnel on this protocol.  
Answer/Response: Only Statistical analysis will be performed by the non-UVA personnel. 
 
2.  Explain your plans for training and oversight of these personnel.  
Answer/Response: The statistician is a PhD that we have worked with previously here at UVA, before she 
moved to Columbia University. She has previously done the  UVA CITI training . No additional training will 
be required. Oversight will be conducted by phone and email contact. 
 
3.  How do you plan to access any study records the non-UVA personnel might maintain?  
Answer/Response: It will not be necessary for us to access the de-identified data that the statistician will 
maintain. 
 
4.  Will the non- UVA personnel be exposed to any additional risk while working on this protocol?   
Answer/Response:  No 
 
►IF YES, what training, precautions will be taken to protect them?   
Answer/Response: 
 
5.  List name of any other institution with which they have an affiliation.   
Answer/Response: Columbia University 
 
6.  Will the non- UVa personnel have access to UVa patients or their health information along with any 
HIPAA identifiers prior to consent?  No 
Answer/Response:  Non- UVa personnel  will not have access to UVa patients or their health information 
along with any HIPAA identifiers prior to consent. 
 
 
►IF YES, check the HIPAA identifiers below they will have access to:  
YES 
NO 
 
 
x 
1.  Name 
 
x 
2.  All geographic subdivisions smaller than a state, including street 
address, city, county, precinct, zip code, and their equivalent geocodes, 
except for the initial three digits of the zip code if, according to the 
current publicly available data from the Bureau of the Census: (1) The 
geographic unit formed by combining all zip codes with the same 3 initial 
digits contains more than 20,000 people and (2) The initial 3 digits of a zip 
code for all such geographic units containing 20,000 is changed to 000.  


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x 
3.  All elements of dates (except year) for dates directly related to an 
individual, including birth date, admission date, discharge date, date of 
death; and all ages over 89 and all elements of dates (including year) 
indicative of such age, except that such ages and elements may be 
aggregated into a single category of age 90 or older.  
[This means you may record the year but not record the month or day of 
any date related to the subject if the subject is under the age of 89.  In 
addition if the subject is over the age of 89 you may not record their age 
and  you may not record the month, day or year of any  date related to the 
subject ] 
 
x 
4.  Telephone numbers 
 
x 
5.  Fax numbers 
 
x 
6.  Electronic mail addresses 
 
x 
7.  Social Security number 
 
x 
8.  Medical Record number 
 
x 
9.  Health plan beneficiary numbers 
 
x 
10.  Account numbers 
 
x 
11.  Certificate/license numbers 
 
x 
12.  Vehicle identifiers and serial numbers, including license plate 
numbers 
 
x 
13.  Device identifiers and serial numbers 
 
x 
14.  Web Universal Resource Locators (URLs) 
 
x 
15.  Internet Protocol (IP) address numbers 
 
x 
16.  Biometric identifiers, including finger and voice prints 
 
x 
17.  Full face photographic images and any comparable images  
 
x 
18. Any other unique identifying number, characteristic, code that is 
derived from or related to information about the individual (e.g. 
initials, last 4 digits of Social Security #, mother’s maiden name, first 3 
letters of last name.) 
 
x 
19. Any other information that could be used alone or in combination 
with other information to identify an individual. (e.g. rare disease, 
study team or company has access to the health information and a 
HIPAA identifier or the key to the code . ) 
 
7.  If any items above are checked YES, list names of non- UVa affiliated individuals who will have access.   
   NA 
8.  Has the individual listed above obtained approval from the School of Medicine via the SOM Volunteer in 
Research Form?   
Answer/Response: The statistician will be contracted to perform the analysis. She will not be a volunteer. 
NOTE: 
• If any item other than 2 or 3 is checked in the Table under Question # 6 and the individual listed under 
# 7 has NOT obtained approval from the School of Medicine via the SOM Volunteer in Research Form, 
tracking of the disclosure by the study team will be required via EPIC. 


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• If only item 2 or 3 is noted and the individual has NOT obtained approval from the School of Medicine 
via the SOM Volunteer in Research Form, a HIPAA Data Use Agreement will be required in a contract/ 
agreement between the unaffiliated investigator and UVa.  
 
APPENDIX:  Non- UVa Personnel 
2. Explain the duties of non-UVA personnel on this protocol.  
Answer/Response: Merck, the sponsor, will review the article with results pre-publication. 
2.  Explain your plans for training and oversight of these personnel.  
Answer/Response: No training or oversight will be need for the sponsor Merck. 
3.  How do you plan to access any study records the non-UVA personnel might maintain?  
Answer/Response: We will not access study records the non-UVA personnel might maintain. De-
identified data will be secure emailed to the ststistician. Once analysis is done the results will be 
returned to UVA in the same manner. 
4.  Will the non- UVA personnel be exposed to any additional risk while working on this protocol?   
Answer/Response:  No 
►IF YES, what training, precautions will be taken to protect them?   
Answer/Response: 
 
5.  List name of any other institution with which they have an affiliation.   
Answer/Response: Merck 
 
6.  Will the non- UVa personnel have access to UVa patients or their health information along with any 
HIPAA identifiers prior to consent?  No 
Answer/Response:  Non- UVa personnel  will not have access to UVa patients or their health information 
along with any HIPAA identifiers prior to consent. 
 
 
►IF YES, check the HIPAA identifiers below they will have access to:  
YES 
NO 
 
 
x 
1.  Name 
 
x 
2.  All geographic subdivisions smaller than a state, including street 
address, city, county, precinct, zip code, and their equivalent geocodes, 
except for the initial three digits of the zip code if, according to the 
current publicly available data from the Bureau of the Census: (1) The 
geographic unit formed by combining all zip codes with the same 3 initial 
digits contains more than 20,000 people and (2) The initial 3 digits of a zip 
code for all such geographic units containing 20,000 is changed to 000.  
 
x 
3.  All elements of dates (except year) for dates directly related to an 
individual, including birth date, admission date, discharge date, date of 
death; and all ages over 89 and all elements of dates (including year) 
indicative of such age, except that such ages and elements may be 
aggregated into a single category of age 90 or older.  


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[This means you may record the year but not record the month or day of 
any date related to the subject if the subject is under the age of 89.  In 
addition if the subject is over the age of 89 you may not record their age 
and  you may not record the month, day or year of any  date related to the 
subject ] 
 
x 
4.  Telephone numbers 
 
x 
5.  Fax numbers 
 
x 
6.  Electronic mail addresses 
 
x 
7.  Social Security number 
 
x 
8.  Medical Record number 
 
x 
9.  Health plan beneficiary numbers 
 
x 
10.  Account numbers 
 
x 
11.  Certificate/license numbers 
 
x 
12.  Vehicle identifiers and serial numbers, including license plate 
numbers 
 
x 
13.  Device identifiers and serial numbers 
 
x 
14.  Web Universal Resource Locators (URLs) 
 
x 
15.  Internet Protocol (IP) address numbers 
 
x 
16.  Biometric identifiers, including finger and voice prints 
 
x 
17.  Full face photographic images and any comparable images  
 
x 
20. Any other unique identifying number, characteristic, code that is 
derived from or related to information about the individual (e.g. 
initials, last 4 digits of Social Security #, mother’s maiden name, first 3 
letters of last name.) 
 
x 
21. Any other information that could be used alone or in combination 
with other information to identify an individual. (e.g. rare disease, 
study team or company has access to the health information and a 
HIPAA identifier or the key to the code . ) 
 
7.  If any items above are checked YES, list names of non- UVa affiliated individuals who will have access.   
   NA 
8.  Has the individual listed above obtained approval from the School of Medicine via the SOM Volunteer in 
Research Form?   
Answer/Response: Merck is a sponsor of this study. 
NOTE: 
• If any item other than 2 or 3 is checked in the Table under Question # 6 and the individual listed under 
# 7 has NOT obtained approval from the School of Medicine via the SOM Volunteer in Research Form, 
tracking of the disclosure by the study team will be required via EPIC. 
• If only item 2 or 3 is noted and the individual has NOT obtained approval from the School of Medicine 
via the SOM Volunteer in Research Form, a HIPAA Data Use Agreement will be required in a contract/ 
agreement between the unaffiliated investigator and UVa.  
 
 


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APPENDIX:  Drug Information 
 
1. What is the name of the approved drug, device or biologic?  
Alvimopan 
 
2. What document have you provided to confirm FDA approval?  
Package insert 
 
3.  Is the study required by the FDA? No 
 
4.  Is the study initiated by an investigator and not a commercial company?  Yes 
 
5.  Is the study retrospective? No 
 
6.  Does the study involve research on a drug/ device in an already approved population/ condition?  Yes 
 
7.  Does the study involve research only on a drug and NOT on a device? Yes 
 
APPENDIX: Pharmacy-Approved Drug 
8. What is the name of the drug? 
Alvimopan 
 
9.  What dose will be utilized in this study?    
The placebo group will receive a placebo pill, by mouth, on the day of (but prior to the start of) surgery.  
The treatment group will receive 12 mg of alvimopan, by mouth, on the day of (but prior to the start of) 
surgery. The placebo group will receive the placebo twice per day (either by mouth or by NG tube), and 
the treatment group will receive 12 mg alvimopan twice a day (either by mouth or by NG tube) for up to 
seven days post-operatively, or until the time of discharge, whichever occurs first, to a maximum of 15 
doses. 
 
10. What will be the frequency of dosing in this study?    
BID up to 15 doses 
 
11.  What will be the duration of dosing in this study?    
BID up to seven days post-operatively, or until the time of discharge, whichever occurs first, to a 
maximum of 15 doses. 
 
12.  What route of administration will be utilized?   PO or NG 
 
13.  Will drug need to be prepared by the UVa Investigational Drug Service (IDS)?     
__x___   NO- Drug will be prepared and/or administered per package insert 
 
14.  Are there any special handling instructions mandated by the study (e.g. weighing hazardous materials)?    


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No 
 
15.  Does the protocol provide provisions for dose titration, dose reductions, and or re-challenged (if drug is 
stopped), etc.?   NO 
 
16.  How will missed doses be handled?     
missed doses will be documented in the medical record and CRF 
 
17.  Will a comparator (active or placebo) be utilized in the protocol?   Yes 
►IF YES, comparator is: 
 
___x__   Placebo:  Provided by Merck 
 
18.  Does this study involve research on a drug, biologic, supplement or food additive?    Yes 
 
►IF YES, is this study investigator initiated?   Yes 
 
IF YES, answer questions # 13 and 14 
IF NO, answer question # 13 only. 
 
19    Are you using a drug/supplement/ food additive in a manner not approved by the FDA?     
This drug was FDA approved in 2008 .  
Labeled Indications 
Postoperative ileus: To accelerate the time to upper and lower GI recovery following 
surgeries including partial bowel resection with primary anastomosis.Pharmacologic 
Category 
• 
Gastrointestinal Agent, Miscellaneous 
• 
Opioid Antagonist, Peripherally-Acting 
This study uses this drug for treatment of opioid-induced constipation.  
 
IF YES, answer questions 13a-13f 
You may reference the non-IRB protocol to answer these questions. 
 
13a.  Describe pertinent animal data that is available regarding the toxicity/safety of this drug.    
Animal Data: Reproduction studies were performed in pregnant rats at oral doses up to 200 mg/kg/day (about 68 
to 136 times the recommended human oral dose based on body surface area) and at intravenous doses up to 10 
mg/kg/day (about 3.4 to 6.8 times the recommended human oral dose based on body surface area) and in 
pregnant rabbits at intravenous doses up to 15 mg/kg/day (about 5 to 10 times the recommended human oral 


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dose based on body surface area), and revealed no evidence of impaired fertility or harm to the fetus due to 
alvimopan.  
13b. Describe pertinent human data that is available regarding the toxicity/safety of this drug.    
FDA approval of Entereg in 2008 is based on the results of five multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, 
placebo-controlled studies: four in the US and one ex-US. The trials enrolled over 2,000 adult subjects undergoing 
partial large or small bowel resection surgery with primary anastomosis or total abdominal hysterectomy under 
general anesthesia. 
Among ENTEREG-treated patients undergoing surgeries that included a bowel resection, the most common adverse 
reaction (incidence ≥1.5%) occurring with a higher frequency than placebo was dyspepsia (ENTEREG, 1.5%; 
placebo, 0.8%). Adverse reactions are events that occurred after the first dose of study medication treatment and 
within 7 days of the last dose of study medication or events present at baseline that increased in severity after the 
start of study medication treatment.  
13c. Have there been any human deaths associated with this drug?    
There are no deaths associated with Alvimopan in published clinical trials, or in the package insert. 
13d. In how many humans has this drug been used previously?    
This drug has been FDA approved and marketed since 2008. It has been used in thousands of humans. 
 
13e. If this protocol will be used in children describe any previous use of this drug with children of a 
similar age range.    
NO children will be included in this protocol 
 
20.  Do the following criteria apply? Check all that apply 
 
___x__  The investigation is intended to be reported to FDA as a well-controlled study in support of a 
new indication for use or intended to be used to support any other significant change in the labeling 
for the drug; 
 
___x__  If the drug that is undergoing investigation is lawfully marketed as a prescription drug product, 
the investigation is intended to support a significant change in the advertising for the product; 
 
_____  The investigation does involve a route of administration or dosage level or use in a patient 
population or other factor that significantly increases the risks (or decreases the acceptability of the 
risks) associated with the use of the drug product. 
If Not checked- explain why you believe the risk to subjects is not increased:   
 
The drug has been marketed and used for clinical care since 2008, providing adequate safety data to 
believe there is no increased risk to the subject. 
____  The investigation will be conducted in compliance with the requirements for institutional review 
set part in part 21CFR56 and with the requirements for informed consent set forth in part 21CFR50 ; 
and   This item must be checked. 


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____ The investigation will be conducted in compliance with the requirements of 21CFR312.7 
(Promotion and charging for investigational drugs) 
 This item must be checked. 
 
15.  Is this a post-marketing study?      Yes 
 
►IF YES  is the study required to be done by the FDA? No 
 
APPENDIX:  Recruitment 
Recruitment includes identifying, review of records to determine eligibility or any contact to determine a 
potential subjects interest in the study. 
 
*The UVa HIPAA covered entity is composed of the  UVa VP Office of Research, the Health System, School of 
Medicine, School of Nursing, Nutrition Services (Morrisons), the Sheila C. Johnson Center, the Exercise and 
Sports Injury Laboratory and the Exercise Physiology Laboratory.   
 
1. How do you plan to identify potential subjects? 
• To "identify" a potential subject refers to steps you plan to take to determine which individuals 
would qualify to participate in your study. This does NOT include steps to actually contact those 
individuals. 
• If your study involves more than one group of subjects (e.g. controls and cases or subjects and 
caregivers) note below which groups are being identified by the given method.  
• Check the methods you plan to utilize: 
 
a.__x__ Chart Review/ Clinic Schedule Review/ Database Review from a database established for 
health care operations (departmental clinical database) or an Improvement Project (e.g.  
Performance Improvement, Practice Improvement, Quality Improvement).   
 
If you plan to obtain data from the UVa Enterprise Data Warehouse (EDW) please see option b 
below.   
 
DHHS: Study team requests Waiver of Consent to identify potential subjects.  
 
HIPAA: Allowed under Preparatory to Research if PHI to be accessed.  
 
IMPORTANT 
Keep in mind that PHI in the medical record may only be accessed by individuals who 
work under the UVa HIPAA covered entity; which means they meet one of the following 
criteria: 
--a UVa student working in the UVa HIPAA Covered Entity*   
--a faculty or staff member in a PAID appointment in  the UVA HIPAA Covered Entity* 
 


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b____ Review of a database that was established to keep data to be used for future 
research such as the CDR, departmental research database or use of data from a separate 
current active research protocol.     
If you plan to obtain data from the UVa Enterprise Data Warehouse (EDW) you are required 
to submit your request to the CDR.  The CDR staff will work with the EDW to obtain the data 
you need.   
DHHS: Study team requests Waiver of Consent to identify potential subjects. 
 
HIPAA: Allowed under Preparatory to Research if PHI to be accessed.  
 
IMPORTANT 
Keep in mind that PHI in the medical record may only be accessed by individuals who 
work under the UVa HIPAA covered entity; which means they who meet one of the 
following criteria: 
--a UVa student working in the UVa HIPAA Covered Entity*   
--a faculty  or staff member in a PAID appointment in  the UVA HIPAA Covered Entity* 
 
The information from which you are obtaining potential subjects must also have an IRB 
protocol approval.  If this item is checked, enter the IRB # below.  
 
IRB# ________________ 
If obtaining information from the Clinical Data Repository (CDR) insert IRB # 10797 
 
c. ____ Patients UVa health care provider supplies the UVa study team with the patients 
contact information without patients’ knowledge. 
 
DHHS: Study team requests Waiver of Consent to identify potential subjects.  
 
HIPAA: Allowed under Preparatory to Research if PHI will be shared by the health care 
provider.  
 
IMPORTANT 
Keep in mind that PHI may only be given to individuals who work under the UVa HIPAA 
covered entity; which means they meet one of the following criteria: 
--a UVa student working in the UVa HIPAA Covered Entity*   
--a faculty or staff member in a PAID appointment in the UVA HIPAA Covered Entity* 
 
d. ____ Patient obtains information about the study from their health care provider.  The 
patient contacts the study team if interested in participating. (Health care provider may 
or may not also be the a member of the study team) 
DHHS:  NA 
HIPAA:  Allowed under Health Care Operations 
 


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If this choice is checked, check 3d-INDIRECT CONTACT below.  
 
e. __X__ Potential subjects will not be directly identified. They will respond to an 
advertisement such as a flyer, brochure etc.   
If this choice is checked, check 3d- INDIRECT CONTACT below.  
DHHS & HIPAA:  NA 
 
f. _____ Potential subjects have previously signed a consent to have their name in a 
registry/database to be contacted for future studies of this type.   
IRB#  of registry/ database:  ________________ 
DHHS & HIPAA:  NA 
 
g. ____ Other: Specify   Answer/Response: 
 
 
If item # a, b or c is checked above and if this protocol involves the use of protected health 
information do you confirm the following to be true? yes 
• The use or disclosure is sought solely to review protected health information as 
necessary to prepare the research protocol or other similar preparatory purposes. 
• No PHI will be removed from the UVa covered entity. 
• The PHI that the researcher seeks to use or access is necessary for the research 
purposes. 
 
2. How will potential subjects be contacted? 
To "contact" a potential subjects refers to the initial contact you plan to take to reach a potential 
subject to determine if they would be interested in participating in your study.  This may include 
direct contact by such methods as by letter, phone, email or in-person or indirect contact such as 
the use of flyers, radio ads etc.  
 
If your study involves more than one group of subjects (e.g. controls and cases or subjects and 
caregivers) note below which groups are being contacted by the given method.    
 
Check the methods below you plan to utilize: 
a.____Direct contact of potential subjects by the study team via letter, phone, direct e-
mail. Members of study team ARE NOT health care providers of patients.  Information 
will not be collected from psychotherapy notes.  
Note:  Letter, phone, direct email scripts must be approved by IRB prior to use.  
See IRB-HSR Website for templates. 
 
DHHS/HIPAA: Study team requests a Waiver of Consent and Waiver of HIPAA 
Authorization to contact potential subjects.  
 
IMPORTANT:   


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Keep in mind that if PHI was collected during the identification phase that 
contact with potential subjects may only be performed by individuals who work 
under the UVa HIPAA covered entity; which means they meet one of the 
following criteria: 
 a UVa student working in the UVa HIPAA Covered Entity*   
 a faculty  or staff member in a PAID appointment in  the UVA HIPAA Covered 
Entity* 
 
b._x___Potential subjects will be approached while at UVa Hospital or Health Clinic by a 
person who is NOT a member of their health care team.  Information will not be 
collected from psychotherapy notes.  
DHHS & HIPAA: Study team requests a Waiver of Consent and a Waiver of HIPAA 
Authorization to contact potential subjects.  
 
IMPORTANT:   
Keep in mind that contacting individuals in a clinical setting may only be performed by 
individuals who work under the UVa HIPAA covered entity; which means they  meet one 
of the following criteria: 
a UVa student working in the UVa HIPAA Covered Entity*   
a faculty  or staff member in a PAID appointment in  the UVA HIPAA Covered Entity* 
 
You should share the following information with the potential subject:  
• Your name 
• Who you are:  physician, nurse etc. at the University of Virginia.    
• Why you want to speak with them 
• Ask if you have their permission to explain the study to them 
• If asked about how you obtained their information use one of the following as an 
option for response.     
o DO NOT USE THIS RESPONSE UNLESS YOU HAVE OBTAINED PERMISSION 
FROM THEIR UVa PHYSICIAN:  Your doctor, Dr. insert name wanted you 
to be aware of this research study and gave us permission to contact you.    
o We obtained your information from your medical records at UVa.   
o Federal regulations allow the UVa Health System to release your 
information to researchers at UVa, so that we may contact you regarding 
studies you may be interested in participating.  We want to assure you 
that we will keep your information confidential.  
• IF THE PERSON SEEMS ANGRY, HESITANT OR UPSET, THANK THEM FOR THEIR 
TIME AND DO NOT ENROLL THEM IN THE STUDY.  YOU MAY ALSO REFER THEM 
TO THE IRB-HSR AT 924-9634. 
 


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c.____Direct contact of potential subjects by the study team by approaching in person 
at UVa or via letter, phone, direct e-mail. Members of study team contacting potential 
subjects ARE health care providers of patients.  
If you are not approaching them in person but using a letter, phone call or direct email 
please note that the letter, phone, direct email scripts must be approved by IRB prior to 
use.   
See IRB-HSR Website for templates. 
 
DHHS:  Study team requests a Waiver of Consent to contact potential subjects 
HIPAA:  Allowed under Health Care Operations.  
 
d.__X__ Indirect contact (flyer, brochure, TV, broadcast emails, patient provided info 
about the study from their health care provider and either the patient contacts study 
team or gives their healthcare provider permission for the study team to contact them.) 
The indirect method used (flyer, brochure, TV, broadcast emails) must be approved by 
the IRB prior to use.    The IRB does not need to review any type of script to use when 
the potential subject responds to the indirect method.   
 
DHHS & HIPAA:  NA 
 
 
f. ____  Potential subjects are not patients.  The study does not include obtaining 
subjects health information.   Subjects will be contacted directly via email, phone, 
letter or presentation in group setting with consent then obtained individually in a 
private setting.  
If you are not approaching them in person but using a letter, phone call or direct 
email please note that the letter, phone, direct email scripts must be approved by 
IRB prior to use.   
See IRB-HSR Website for templates. 
 
DHHS: Study team requests a Waiver of Consent to contact potential subjects.  
HIPPA:  NA 
 
3. Will any additional information be obtained from a potential subject during 
"prescreening"?   
Pre-screening for IRB purposes is the term used to describe activities PRIOR to obtaining Informed 
Consent and may not include any research procedures.  
  
The activities may involve pre-screening of potential subjects over the telephone or in person is 
generally performed to determine their initial eligibility for, and, interest in a study and is a 
common strategy in the recruitment process.  


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Questions appropriate for pre-screening address the specific inclusion/exclusion criteria for the 
study and other issues of suitability, for example, an individual's ability to come to the research site 
multiple times.  
It is not appropriate at this point in the process (i.e. prior to obtaining informed 
consent/enrollment) to gather information that is not directly related to assessing eligibility and 
suitability (e.g. obtaining complete medical histories, obtaining blood specimens for lab tests).  
An additional telephone script is not required, for this pre-screening process, in addition to any 
scripts required under Recruitment question # 2.   
Answer/Response: Yes  “What do you use for pain control and how often do you take it?”  is the 
only pre-screening question that will be asked. 
 
 
IF YES, submit any documents that will be used to collect pre-screening information so that the IRB 
may confirm what questions will be asked. 
NOTE: To comply with HIPAA regulations only the minimum necessary information may be 
collected at this time.  This means that only questions pertaining to the Inclusion and Exclusion 
Criteria may be asked.   
 
IF YES, 
DHHS:   study team requests a Waiver of Documentation of Consent for Pre-screening questions.  
 
HIPPA: 
HIPAA does not apply if: 
--no PHI is collected or 
--if PHI is collected from a potential subject  by an individual from a department that is not part of 
the HIPAA covered entity. 
 
HIPAA does apply if the collection occurs by individuals* who work in a department that is part of 
the HIPAA covered entity.   
 
In this case the collection will be covered under Health Care Operations/ 
 
These individuals are those that meet one of the following criteria:  
--a UVa student working in the UVa HIPAA Covered Entity*   
--a faculty  or staff member in a PAID appointment in  the UVA HIPAA Covered Entity* 
 
IF YES, Will any of the questions involve health information? 
Answer/Response:  “What do you use for pain control and how often do you take it?”  is the only 
pre-screening question that will be asked. 
 
 
IF YES, will you collect HIPAA identifiers with the health information? 
Answer/Response:  YES 


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IF YES, which HIPAA identifiers will be recorded? 
Answer/Response: MRN 
 
Do you confirm that health information with HIPAA identifiers will not be shared 
outside of UVa until a consent form is signed or only shared in a de-identified manner?  
Answer/Response: Yes 
 
 
4. Do you plan to ask the subjects to do anything, other than answering questions, for 
the study prior to signing a consent? No 
 
5. How will the consenting process take place with either the prospective subject, the 
subject’s legally authorized representative or parent/legal guardian of a minor ( if 
applicable)?    
HIPPA:  
If the individual, obtaining consent, works under the HIPAA Covered Entity consenting is 
covered under Health Care Operations. 
 
If the individual obtaining consent does not work under the HIPAA covered entity, HIPAA does 
not apply.  
 
Potential subjects will be approached at their surgical work up in the clinic, in PETC, SAS(day of surgery) 
or in the hospital (if inpatients). Once a potential subject is identified, they will be interviewed in a 
quiet and private place and may have family or friends with them if they choose.  If there is concern 
that the potential subject may not be able to read the potential subject will be asked to read the first 
sentence of the consent form to determine if they are capable of reading. Depending on the response 
they will either be offered the opportunity to read the consent form or have the consent form read to 
them.  Once the consent has been read the person obtaining consent will summarize the consent form 
verbally, asking open ended questions to determine if the potential subject understands what is being 
covered in the consent form.   Questions might include:   
• Would you summarize for me what you believe will be done to you if you are in this study?  
• Would you benefit from this study? 
• What do you feel are the risks of being in this study? 
 
Potential subjects will be given an opportunity to ask questions.  Their level of understanding will 
dictate how much time will be spent covering each item.  Once all of their questions have been 
answered, if they decide to participate, they will be asked to sign the consent form.   
The person obtaining consent will sign the form and subjects will be given a copy of the signed consent 
form. Study procedures will then begin.  The informed consent process for each individual subject will 
be documented in the subject’s medical record. 
 
6. Will subjects sign a consent form for any part of the study? Yes 


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7.  Will the study procedures be started the same day the subject is recruited for the study?  
Yes 
►IF YES, explain in detail why the subject cannot be given more time to make a decision to 
consent.  
The study is moderate risk and will be easily explained to the potential subject on the day the 
study procedures are started. 
Potential subjects are not always seen by study team prior to day study procedures are started. 
Patients are scheduled for clinical procedures/surgery by health care providers other than study 
team members.  The potential subject will be provided adequate time to read the consent and 
consider their options.   
 
►IF YES, explain in detail what will be done to assure the potential subject has enough time 
to make an informed decision. 
Study staff will review the study specifics and reconfirm intent to participate when the subject 
presents for surgery. Potential subjects will be given an opportunity to ask questions.  Their 
level of understanding will dictate how much time will be spent covering each item.  Once all of 
their questions have been answered, if they decide to participate, they will be asked to sign the 
consent form 
 
8.  Is there the potential to recruit economically or educationally disadvantaged subjects, or other 
vulnerable subjects such as students or employees? 
Yes 
 
IF YES, what protections are in place to protect the rights and welfare of these subjects so  
All subjects will be informed that participation is voluntary and that participation will not affect 
their status as a student or employee. 
  
9. Do you need to perform a “dry run” of any procedure outlined in this protocol?   No 
 
Privacy Plan 
 
The following procedures must be followed.  
• The data will be secured per the Data Security Plan of this protocol. 
• Only investigators for this study and clinicians caring for the patient will have access to data.  They will each 
use a unique login ID and password that will keep confidential.   The password should meet or exceed the 
standards described on the Information Technology Services (ITS) webpage about The Importance of 
Choosing Strong Passwords. 
• Each investigator will sign the University’s Electronic Access Agreement forward the signed agreement to the 
appropriate department as instructed on the form. 
If you currently have access to clinical data it is likely that you have already signed this form.  You are not 
required to sign it again.  
• UVa University  Data Protection Standards will be followed 


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http://www.virginia.edu/informationsecurity/dataprotection.   
• If identifiable data is transferred to any other location such as a desktop, laptop, memory stick, CD etc. the 
researcher must follow the University’s  “Electronic Storage of Highly Sensitive Data Policy”. Additional 
requirements may be found in the University's Requirements for Securing Electronic Devices.  
• If identifiable data is taken away from the UVa Health System, Medical Center Policy # 0218 will be 
followed.  
• Data will be securely removed from the server/drive, additional computer(s), and electronic media 
according to the University's Electronic Data Removal Policy.  
• Data will be encrypted or removed if the electronic device is sent outside of UVa for repair according to 
the University's Electronic Data Removal Policy. 
• If PHI will be faxed, researchers will follow the Health System Policy # 0194.     
• If PHI will be emailed, researchers will follow the Health System Policy # 0193 and University Data 
Protection Standards . 
• Data may not be analyzed for any other study without additional IRB approval.  
• If you are using patient information you must follow Health System Policy  # 0021. 
• Both data on paper and stored electronically will follow the University's Record Management policy and 
the Commonwealth statute regarding the Destruction of Public Records. 
 
 
Summary of Requirements to Comply with UVa Health System, Medical Center and University Policies and 
Guidance as noted above: 
Highly Sensitive Data is: 
-personal information that can lead to identity theft if exposed or 
-data that reveals an individual’s health condition and/or history of health services use.  
Protected Data (PHI) a type of Highly Sensitive Data, is data combined with a HIPAA identifier  
Identifiable Data under HIPAA regulations is considered to be Highly Sensitive Data at UVa. 
A Limited Data Set (LDS) under HIPAA regulations is considered to be Moderately Sensitive Data at UVa. The only 
HIPAA identifiers associated with data: dates and or postal address information limited to town or city, state, and 
zip code.   
Will not include subjects age if older than 89 or subjects DOB if older than 89.   


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Highly Sensitive Data 
(Identifiable Health Info per HIPAA )  
Moderately Sensitive Data  
(Limited Data Set and De-identified data per 
HIPAA) 
General Issues  
General Issues 
Discussions in private 
Do not share with those not on the study team or 
those who do not have a need to know. 
 
Do not share with those not on the study team or 
those who do not have a need to know 
Password protect  
Password protect 
Physically secure (lock) hard copies at all times if not 
directly supervised.  
If not supervised hard copies must have double 
protection (e.g. lock on room OR cabinet AND in 
building requiring swipe card for entrance).    
 
Physically secure (lock) hard copies at all times if 
not directly supervised.   
For electronic documents turn off File Sharing; turn 
on firewalls; use up to date antivirus and 
antispyware; delete data securely. 
 
For electronic documents turn off File Sharing; turn 
on firewalls; use up to date antivirus and 
antispyware; delete data securely. 
 
Encrypt 
See Encryption Solutions Guidance  
Files on Health System Network drives are 
automatically encrypted.  If not stored there it is study 
teams responsibility to make sure data are encrypted. 
 
If device sent out for service or repair, encrypt or 
remove data AND contract for repair using a UVa 
Purchase order. 
If device sent out for service or repair, encrypt or 
remove data AND contract for repair using a UVa 
Purchase order. 
Store files on a network drive specifically designated 
for storing this type of data, e.g. high-level security 
server/drives managed by Information Technology 
Services or the “F” and “O” managed by Heath 
Systems Computing Services.  You may access it via a 
shortcut icon on your desktop, but you are not 
allowed to take it off line to a local drive such as the 
desktop of your computer (e.g. C drive) or to an 
individual  Use Device*.  May access via VPN 
 
Do not share with sponsor or other outside group 
before consent is obtained or the IRB has granted 
appropriate approvals and contract/ MTA is in place  
Do not share with sponsor or other outside group 
before consent is obtained or the IRB has granted 
appropriate approvals and contract/ MTA is in 
place 
If collected without consent/ HIPAA authorization 
will NOT be allowed to leave UVa HIPAA covered 
entity unless disclosure is approved by the IRB and 
the disclosure is tracked in EPIC  
If collected without consent/ HIPAA authorization 
will NOT be allowed to leave UVa HIPAA covered 
entity unless disclosure is approved by the IRB and 
an MTA is in place prior to sharing of data 


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Highly Sensitive Data 
(Identifiable Health Info per HIPAA )  
Moderately Sensitive Data  
(Limited Data Set and De-identified data per HIPAA) 
Electronic Data Collection & Sharing  
Electronic Data Collection & Sharing 
(e.g. smart phone app, electronic consent using 
tablet etc.) 
MUST consult with ISPRO or Health System Web 
Development Office: 434-243-6702 
 University Side:    IT-
Security@virginia.edu  
 Health System: Web Development Center:   
 
Individual-Use Device  
Individual-Use Device 
Do not save to individual-use device* without 
written approval of your Department AND VP  
or Dean.   
If approval obtained, data must be password  
protected and encrypted. 
 
Do not save an email attachment containing 
HSD to an individual use device  
( e.g. smart phone)  
 
E Mail 
E Mail 
Do not share via email with Outlook Web/ or 
forward email using other email vendors like 
Gmail/ Yahoo  
 
Do not send via email on smart phone unless 
phone is set up by Health System  
 
Email may include name, medical record 
number or Social Security number only if 
sending email to or from a person with * HS in 
their email address. 
NOTE: VPR & IRB staff do not meet this criteria!  
In addition to sharing LDS, may include initials if 
persons sending and receiving email work within the 
UVa HIPAA covered entity.** 
FAX 
FAX 
Verify FAX number before faxing 
Verify FAX number before faxing 
Use Fax Cover Sheet with Confidentiality 
Statement 
Use Fax Cover Sheet with Confidentiality Statement 
Verify receiving fax machine is in a restricted 
access area 
Verify receiving fax machine is in a restricted access 
area 
Verify intended recipient is clearly indicated 
Verify intended recipient is clearly indicated 
Recipient is alerted to the pending transmission 
and is available to pick it up immediately 
Recipient is alerted to the pending transmission and 
is available to pick it up immediately 


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Highly Sensitive Data 
(Identifiable Health Info per HIPAA )  
Moderately Sensitive Data  
(Limited Data Set and De-identified data per HIPAA) 
Electronic Data Collection & Sharing  
Electronic Data Collection & Sharing 
(e.g. smart phone app, electronic consent 
using tablet etc.) 
MUST consult with ISPRO or Health System 
Web Development Office: 434-243-6702 
 University Side:    IT-
Security@virginia.edu  
 Health System: Web Development Center:   
 
Individual-Use Device  
Individual-Use Device 
Do not save to individual-use device* without 
written approval of your Department AND VP  
or Dean.   
If approval obtained, data must be password  
protected and encrypted. 
 
Do not save an email attachment containing 
HSD to an individual use device  
( e.g. smart phone)  
 
E Mail 
E Mail 
Do not share via email with Outlook Web/ or 
forward email using other email vendors like 
Gmail/ Yahoo  
 
Do not send via email on smart phone unless 
phone is set up by Health System  
 
Email may include name, medical record 
number or Social Security number only if 
sending email to or from a person with * HS in 
their email address. 
NOTE: VPR & IRB staff do not meet this 
criteria!  
In addition to sharing LDS, may include initials if 
persons sending and receiving email work within the 
UVa HIPAA covered entity.** 
FAX 
FAX 
Verify FAX number before faxing 
Verify FAX number before faxing 
Use Fax Cover Sheet with Confidentiality 
Statement 
Use Fax Cover Sheet with Confidentiality Statement 
Verify receiving fax machine is in a restricted 
access area 
Verify receiving fax machine is in a restricted access 
area 
Verify intended recipient is clearly indicated 
Verify intended recipient is clearly indicated 


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*  Individual Use Device – examples include smart phone, CD, flash (thumb) drive, laptop, C drive of your 
computer,  
**The UVa HIPAA covered entity is composed of the UVa VP Office of Research, the Health System, School of 
Medicine, School of Nursing, Nutrition Services (Morrison’s), the Sheila C. Johnson Center, the Exercise and 
Sports Injury Laboratory and the Exercise Physiology Laboratory.   
 
APPENDIX:  Support Source 
• Describe what will be provided and by whom.   
Merck will provide study drug and placebo 
Merck will receive data prior to publication, however will not be taking on the liability of sponsor 
• Do you confirm that you will obtain a contract/ material transfer agreement with the provider via the 
Medical Center Procurement office or Office of Sponsored Programs (OSP) ospnoa@virginia.edu? 
Yes 
 
APPENDIX:  Transfer of Data Outside of UVa 
INSTRUCTIONS: Do not complete this section if the only data being sent out is being sent/shared with 
specimens.   
Recipient is alerted to the pending 
transmission and is available to pick it up 
immediately 
Recipient is alerted to the pending transmission and 
is available to pick it up immediately 
Highly Sensitive Data 
(Identifiable Health Info per HIPAA )  
Moderately Sensitive Data  
(Limited Data Set and De-identified data per HIPAA) 
Electronic Data Collection & Sharing 
Electronic Data Collection & Sharing 
(e.g. smart phone app, electronic consent 
using tablet etc.) 
MUST consult with ISPRO or Health System 
Web Development Office: 434-243-6702 
University Side:    IT-Security@virginia.edu  
Health System: Web Development Center:   
Contract must include required security 
measures.  
 
May NOT be stored in places like UVaBox, 
UVaCollab, QuestionPro.  
May also NOT be stored in non-UVa licensed 
cloud providers, such as Dropbox, Google 
Drive, SkyDrive, Survey Monkey, etc.  
May be stored in places like UVaBox, UVaCollab, 
QuestionPro.   
May NOT be stored in non-UVa licensed cloud 
providers, such as Dropbox, Google Drive, SkyDrive, 
Survey Monkey, etc.  
LOST OR STOLEN:  
LOST OR STOLEN: 
Must report in accordance with protocol/ in 
accordance with the Information Security 
Incident Reporting Policy. 
 
Any data breach will also be reported to the 
IRB of Record if the report meets the criteria 
of an Unanticipated Problem.   
Must report in accordance with protocol/ in 
accordance with the Information Security Incident 
Reporting Policy. 
 
Any data breach will also be reported to the IRB of 
Record if the report meets the criteria of an 
Unanticipated Problem.   


IRB-HSR# 18781: Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Alvimopan in Major Spine Surgery 
 
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1. Who will data be sent to/shared with? 
De-identified data will be shared with the statistician. 
The sponsor will only review the completed article prior to publication. 
 
2. What identifiers will be sent with/shared with the data? No identifiers will be sent to either the 
statistician or the sponsor. 
 
Table A: Identifiers per HIPAA under 164.514(b)(2)(i) and (ii) 
YES 
NO 
 
 
x 
1.  Name 
 
x 
2.  All geographic subdivisions smaller than a state, including street address, city, county, precinct, zip code, 
and their equivalent geocodes, except for the initial three digits of the zip code if, according to the current 
publicly available data from the Bureau of the Census: (1) The geographic unit formed by combining all zip 
codes with the same 3 initial digits contains more than 20,000 people and (2) The initial 3 digits of a zip code 
for all such geographic units containing 20,000 is changed to 000.  
 
x 
3.  All elements of dates (except year) for dates directly related to an individual, including birth date, admission 
date, discharge date, date of death; and all ages over 89 and all elements of dates (including year) indicative of 
such age, except that such ages and elements may be aggregated into a single category of age 90 or older. 
 [This means you may record the year but not record the month or day of any date related to the subject if the 
subject is under the age of 89.  In addition if the subject is over the age of 89 you may not record their age and  
you may not record the month, day or year of any  date related to the subject ]  
 
x 
4.  Telephone numbers 
 
x 
5.  Fax numbers 
 
x 
6.  Electronic mail addresses 
 
x 
7.  Social Security number 
 
x 
8.  Medical Record number 
 
x 
9.  Health plan beneficiary numbers 
 
x 
10.  Account numbers 
 
x 
11.  Certificate/license numbers 
 
x 
12.  Vehicle identifiers and serial numbers, including license plate numbers 
 
x 
13.  Device identifiers and serial numbers 
 
x 
14.  Web Universal Resource Locators (URLs) 
 
x 
15.  Internet Protocol (IP) address numbers 
 
x 
16.  Biometric identifiers, including finger and voice prints 
 
x 
17.  Full face photographic images and any comparable images  
 
x 
18.  Any other unique identifying number, characteristic, code that is derived from or related to information 
about the individual (e.g. initials, last 4 digits of Social Security #, mother’s maiden name, first 3 letters of last 
name.) 
 
x 
19.   Any other information that could be used alone or in combination with other information to identify an 
individual. (e.g. you share the KEY to the CODE (not just the code),  subject has a  rare disease etc. ) 
 
Table B:  
Will you share either of the following?   
YES 
NO 
 


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x 
1. Postal address information, other than town or city, state, and zip code 
 ( e.g. house number / street address / GPS)  
 
x 
2. Age if over the age of 89    OR     Date of Birth if over the age of 89 
 
 
If you answered YES to any item in Table A, except item # 2 or 3, OR answered YES to an item in Table B, 
the data will be considered identifiable.  Tracking of disclosures will be required unless it is noted in the 
consent form that data will be shared with the entity noted AND that consent is obtained prior to 
sharing of data.  
 
If you answered Yes to only Item 2 or 3 in Table A and No to both items in Table B, the data you are 
sharing is considered a Limited Data Set. 
A Data Use Agreement will be required in the contract/MTA.  
 
3. Do you confirm that you will obtain a contract/ material transfer agreement with whomever you are 
sharing data with outside of UVa via the School of Medicine Grants and Contracts Office or the Office of 
Sponsored Programs (OSP) ospnoa@virginia.edu? Answer/Response:  Yes 
 
 
 

ICF_001.pdf: 
IRB-HSR#18781: Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Alvimopan in Major Spine Surgery 
 
 
Page 1 of 8 
Version: 05/10/2018 
 
 
Consent of an Adult to Be in a Research Study 
In this form "you" means a person 18 years of age or older who is being asked to volunteer to participate in 
this study.  
Participant’s Name______________________________ Medical Record # ___________________________ 
Principal Investigator: 
Bhiken Naik, M.D. 
University of Virginia Health System. 
P.O. Box 800710 
Charlottesville, VA 22908 
Phone: 434-924-2283 
Financial Support: 
Merck & Co. 
 
What is the purpose of this form? 
This form will provide you with information about this research study. You do not have to be in the study if 
you do not want to. You should have all your questions answered before you agree to be in this study.  
 
Please read this form carefully.  If you want to be in the study, you will need to sign this form. You will be given 
a signed copy of this form.   
 
Who is funding this study? 
This study is being funded by Merck. Merck is supplying free study drug.  
 
Why is this research being done? 
 
Pain control following major spine surgery is difficult to achieve.  Opiates are often necessary in high doses, 
and may be associated with significant side effects including constipation. Alvimopan is a drug approved by 
the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and is used to help the bowel recover more quickly in patients who 
are having bowel surgery, so that they can eat solid foods and have regular bowel movements. Alvimopan is in 
a class of medications called peripherally acting mu-opioid receptor antagonists. It works by protecting the 
bowel from the constipation effects of opioid (narcotic) medications that are used to treat pain after surgery.  
 
The purpose of this study is to determine if the use of alvimopan in major spine surgery reduces the time to 
first bowel movement. By assessing the use of alvimopam in reconstructive spinal surgery patients, 
researchers hope to give the scientific community insight into the broader use of this drug in other surgical 
populations, as well as gathering information on the impact of hospital charges and overall post-operative 
patient satisfaction.  
 
You are being asked to be in this study, because you are scheduled for major spine surgery and are expected 
to need opioid pain medication after surgery. 


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Up to 60  people will be in this study at UVA.   
 
How long will this study take? 
Your participation in this study will end when you return for your 6 week surgical follow-up.  Each study visit 
will last about 10 minutes  
 
What will happen if you are in the study? 
 
SCREENING (will take about 10 minutes to complete): 
Visit 1 (Day 1): 
 
Day of Surgery: 
 
If you agree to participate, you will sign this consent form before any study related procedures take place.  
Before you can start in the study, there will be a screening period.  You will have tests and procedures during 
this time to make sure you are eligible and it is safe for you to participate.  These include the following:  
• Review of your medical history 
• Physical exam and vital signs ( blood pressure, heart rate) 
• If you are a woman of child bearing potential, you will have a   urine test to determine if you are 
pregnant 
 
If these tests show you are eligible, you will begin treatment on the day of surgery..   
RANDOMIZATION and STUDY TREATMENT 
(each visit will last about 10 minutes): 
 
You will be randomly assigned (like the flip of a coin) to 1 of 2 study treatment groups. You have an equal 
chance of being assigned to any one of the groups Neither you nor your doctor can choose which group you 
are assigned.  Neither you nor your doctor will know which study group you will get until the study is done. 
But if your doctor needs to know, the people doing this study can find out. 
 
GROUP 1: Alvimopan  
 
GROUP 2: Placebo –contains no active study medication and should have no effect. 
**for the purpose of this study, we will refer to both alvimopan and placebo as the "study drug" 
 
On the day of your surgery, you will be given the study drug in the form a capsule to be taken by mouth. 
You will then undergo your scheduled surgery. 
 
Following surgery, you will take the study drug by mouth twice daily for up to seven days, or until the time of 
discharge, whichever occurs first, to a maximum of 15 doses. 


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You will be given a standardized pain medication after surgery that your physician may change as they see fit 
for your care. 
As part of the research, a member of the study team will review your medical records and record information 
for research purposes. This will also include financial information regarding patient charges that accrue during 
the hospital stay.   
 
Daily, while you are in the hospital, a member of the study team will ask you questions about your level of 
pain.  You will also be asked questions about your when you were able to eat solid foods, time to first flatus ( 
gas passed), time to first ambulation and bowel movements.  
 
 
Procedure 
Screening 
Before 
Surgery 
Daily up to 7 days or 
until discharge 
Discharge 
 
Informed Consent 
x 
 
 
 
 
Physical Exam 
X 
 
 
x 
 
Review current 
Medications 
x 
x 
x 
x 
 
Opiate use 
X 
 
x 
x 
 
Study drug  
 
X 
Twice daily— 
Up to 15 doses 
 
 
Review health related 
problems 
 
 
x 
x 
 
Financial information 
 
 
 
x 
 
Quality of   recovery 
Questionairre  
 
 
 
x 
 
Pain scores 
 
 
x 
 
 
Time of first solid food 
intake 
 
 
x 
 
 
Time to first 
ambulation 
 
 
X 
 
 
Time to first flatus 
 
 
x 
 
 
Time to first bowel 
movement 
 
 
x 
 
 
 
End of Study Participation: 
After you have completed the study, you will no longer receive the study drug. You will be referred to your 
primary care provider or specialist so that they may decide is you need to resume taking the medication you 
were taking before enrollment. 
 
What are your responsibilities in the study? 
You have certain responsibilities to help ensure your safety.These responsibilities are listed below: 
• You must be completely truthful about your health history. 
• Follow all instructions given. 
• You should tell the study doctor or study staff about any changes in your health or the way you feel. 
• Answer all of the study-related questions completely. 


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If you want to know about the results before the study is done: 
During the study your study leader will let you know of any test results that may be important to your health.  
In addition, as the research moves forward, your study leader will keep you informed of any new findings that 
may be important for your health or may help you decide if you want to continue in the study.  The final 
results of the research will not be known until all the information from everyone is combined and reviewed.  
 At that time you can ask for more information about the study results.  
 
What are the risks of being in this study?  
Risks and side effects related to Alvimopan include: 
 
Likely 
• 
Constipation 
• 
Flatulence (gas) 
• 
Dyspepsia ( upset stomach) 
 Less Likely  
• 
Anemia (low blood count) 
• 
Urinary retention 
• 
Back pain  
• 
Hypokalemia (low potassium)   
The drug has shown an increase in heart attack when used long term, but no evidence of this has been seen with 
short-term use.  
 
Risks for women: 
Being in this study might hurt your unborn baby, so you will not be able to join or stay in the study if you are 
pregnant. You must use an effective method of birth control during the study.  You should also not get 
pregnant for 30 days after your last dose of the study drug.  If you have questions about birth control, please 
ask the study leader.  If you are pregnant now, or get pregnant during the study, please tell us right away. 
 
Other unexpected risks: 
You may have side effects that we do not expect or know to watch for now.  Call the study leader if you have 
any symptoms or problems. 
 
Could you be helped by being in this study? 
 
You will not benefit from being in this study.  However the information researchers get from this study may 
help others in the future.  


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What are your other choices if you do not join this study? 
 
You do not have to be in this study to be treated for your illness or condition. You can get the usual treatment 
even if you choose not to be in this study.  The usual treatment would include: 
• Have your surgery without participating in this study 
• Your physician may prescribe medication to prevent or treat constipation that could possibly be 
alvimopan 
 
 
If you are an employee of UVa your job will not be affected if you decide not to participate in this study.  
If you are a student at UVa, your grades will not be affected if you decide not to participate in this study.   
 
Will you be paid for being in this study? 
You will not get any money for being in this study. 
 
Will being in this study cost you any money? 
 
The following procedures/tests, which are being done for research purposes, will be provided at no cost to you or 
your health insurance: Alvimopan / placebo and questionnaires, and pregnancy test ( if applicable). 
 
You and/or your insurance company must pay for any tests or care given beyond what is required in this study.  
In addition, you and/or your health insurance may also have to pay for other drugs or treatments that are 
given to help you control any side effects.  You will have to pay for any costs not covered by your health plan.  
You may be responsible for any co-payments or deductibles.  You may wish to ask for an estimate of your 
financial costs.  You may also wish to check with your insurance company before the study starts. Ask what 
they will cover and if they require you to get their permission before you decide to be in the study. 
You will be responsible for the cost of travel to come to any study visit and for any parking costs.    
 
What if you are hurt in this study? 
 
If you are hurt as a result of being in this study, there are no plans to pay you for medical expenses, lost 
wages, disability, or discomfort. The charges for any medical treatment you receive will be billed to your 
insurance. You will be responsible for any amount your insurance does not cover.   You do not give up any 
legal rights, such as seeking compensation for injury, by signing this form.    
 
What happens if you leave the study early? 
You can change your mind about being in the study any time. You can agree to be in the study now and 
change your mind later. If you decide to stop, please tell us right away. You do not have to be in this study to 
get services you can normally get at the University of Virginia.  
 


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Even if you do not change your mind, the study leader or the sponsor of this study can take you out of the 
study.  Some of the reasons for doing so may include  
a) Your study physician is concerned about your health 
b) Your condition gets worse  
c) The side effects of the treatment are too dangerous for you 
d) New information shows the treatment will not work or is not safe for you 
e) You do not follow your doctor’s instructions 
f) The study sponsor closes the study for safety, administrative or other reasons 
 
 
How will your personal information be shared? 
The UVa researchers are asking for your permission to gather, use and share information about you for this 
study.  If you decide not to give your permission, you cannot be in this study, but you can continue to receive 
regular medical care at UVA.  
 
If you sign this form, we may collect any or all of the following information about you: 
o Personal information such as name, and  date of birth  
o Your health information if required for this study.  This may include a review of your medical records and 
test results from before, during and after the study from any of your doctors or health care providers.  This 
may include mental health care records, substance abuse records, and/or HIV/AIDS records, financial 
information related to this hospitalization. 
o  
 
Who will see your private information?   
o The researchers to make sure they can conduct the study the right way,  observe the effects of the study 
and understand its results   
o People or groups that oversee the study to make sure it is done correctly   
o The sponsor(s) of this study, and the people or groups it hires to help perform  or review this research 
o Insurance companies or other organizations that may need the information in order to pay your medical 
bills or other costs of your participation in the study   
o People who evaluate study results, which can include sponsors and other companies that make the drug or 
device being studied, researchers at other sites conducting the same study, and government agencies that 
provide oversight such as the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) if the study is regulated by the FDA.  
 
Some of the people outside of UVa who will see your information may not have to follow the same privacy 
laws that we follow. They may release your information to others, and it may no longer be protected by those 
laws. 
 
The information collected from you might be published in a medical journal.  This would be done in a way that 
protects your privacy.  No one will be able to find out from the article that you were in the study. 
 


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A description of this clinical trial will be available on http:// www.ClinicalTrials.gov, as required by U.S. Law. 
This Web site will not include information that can identify you. At most, the Web site will include a summary 
of the results. You can search this Web site at any time. 
 
What if you sign the form but then decide you don't want your private information shared?  
You can change your mind at any time.  Your permission does not end unless you cancel it.  To cancel it, please 
send a letter to the researchers listed on this form.  Then you will no longer be in the study.  The researchers 
will still use information about you that was collected before you ended your participation.   
 
A copy of this consent form will be put in your medical record. (This is not the same as the record of this 
research study.) This means that everyone who is allowed to see your medical records will be able to find out 
that you are in this study. This is done so your regular doctors will know what you receive as part of this study.   
If you have other health problems during the study, they will be able to treat you properly. 
Please contact the researchers listed below to: 
• Obtain more information about the study 
• Ask a question about the study procedures or treatments 
• Report an illness, injury, or other problem (you may also need to tell your regular doctors) 
• Leave the study before it is finished 
• Express a concern about the study 
 
Principal Investigator:   
Bhiken Naik, M.D. 
University of Virginia Health System. 
P.O. Box 800710 
Charlottesville, VA 22908  Phone: 434-924-2283 
What if you have a concern about this study?  
You may also report a concern about this study or ask questions about your rights as a research subject by 
contacting the Institutional Review Board listed below. 
 
 
University of Virginia Institutional Review Board for Health Sciences Research 
PO Box 800483 
Charlottesville, Virginia 22908   Telephone: 434-924-9634 
 
When you call or write about a concern, please give as much information as you can. Include the name of the 
study leader, the IRB-HSR Number (at the top of this form), and details about the problem.  This will help 
officials look into your concern. When reporting a concern, you do not have to give your name. 
 


IRB-HSR#18781: Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Alvimopan in Major Spine Surgery 
 
 
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Signatures 
What does your signature mean? 
Before you sign this form, please ask questions about any part of this study that is not clear to you.  Your 
signature below means that you have received this information and all your questions have been answered.  If 
you sign the form it means that you agree to join the study.  You will receive a copy of this signed document.   
 
Consent From Adult 
 
______________________ 
PARTICIPANT 
(SIGNATURE) 
 ________________________ 
PARTICIPANT 
(PRINT) 
 _______ 
DATE 
 
 
To be completed by participant if 18 years of age or older.  
 
 
 
Person Obtaining Consent 
By signing below you confirm that you have fully explained this study to the potential subject, allowed them 
time to read the consent or have the consent read to them, and have answered all their questions.  
 
_______________________________ 
PERSON OBTAINING CONSENT 
(SIGNATURE) 
 
_____________________________ 
PERSON OBTAINING 
CONSENT 
(PRINT) 
 
________ 
DATE 
 
Consent from Impartial Witness 
If this consent form is read to the subject because the subject is blind or illiterate, an impartial witness not 
affiliated with the research or study doctor must be present for the consenting process and sign the 
following statement.  The subject may place an X on the Participant Signature line above.  
 
I agree the information in this informed consent form was presented orally in my presence to the identified 
individual(s) who has had the opportunity to ask any questions he/she had about the study.   I also agree that 
the identified individual(s) freely gave their informed consent to participate in this trial.  
 
Please indicate with check box the identified individual(s): 
 Subject  
 
_______________________________ 
IMPARTIAL WITNESS 
(SIGNATURE) 
 _____________________________ 
IMPARTIAL WITNESS 
(PRINT) 
 ________ 
DATE