Clinical trial NCT02436889
Conditions: Urge Incontinence Urinary Incontinence, Urge
Sponsor: University of California, San Francisco
Start date: 2016-02-01; Completion date: 2018-07-01
Enrollment: 23 participants; Allocation: RANDOMIZED; Intervention model: PARALLEL

Brief summary:
An 8-week randomized, controlled, pilot clinical trial of Mirabegron compared to a standard anticholinergic therapy (Detrol LA) in elderly women with urgency urinary incontinence.

Detailed description:

Arms: arm 1: Participants will be instructed to take one tablet and 1 capsule (total of 2) of blinded study medication once a day, orally, for 8 weeks. They will start with Mirabegron (25mg) dose of study medication and will have the option of dose escalation to 2 tablets and 2 capsules (total of 4) per day (Mirabegron 50mg). arm 2: Participants will be instructed to take one tablet and 1 capsule (total of 2) of blinded study medication once a day, orally, for 8 weeks. They will start with tolterodine tartrate (4 mg) dose of study medication and will have the option of dose escalation to 2 tablets and 2 capsules (total of 4) per day tolterodine tartrate 4 mg + identical placebo.
Interventions: intervention 1: Mirabegron intervention 2: Tolterodine Tartrate
Intervention descriptions: intervention 1: None intervention 2: None

Protocol documents:
Prot_SAP_000.pdf: 
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Treatment of Incontinence without Memory Problems (TRIuMPh) 
 
Study Protocol 
 
Investigator Initiated Trial 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
An 8-week randomized, controlled, pilot clinical trial of Mirabegron compared to a standard 
anticholinergic therapy (Detrol LA) in elderly women with urgency urinary incontinence.   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Protocol Version: 9.0 
Version Date: 04/08/2016 
 


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TABLE OF CONTENTS 
 
A. BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE ................................................................................................ 4 
B.  STUDY SYNOPSIS ............................................................................................................................... 4 
C. SPECIFIC AIMS ..................................................................................................................................... 5 
D. STUDY POPULATION ........................................................................................................................ 5 
D1. INCLUSION CRITERIA ....................................................................................................................... 5 
D2. EXCLUSION CRITERIA ....................................................................................................................... 6 
E. STUDY DESIGN .................................................................................................................................... 7 
E1. STUDY OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................................. 7 
E2. STUDY MEDICATION AND PLACEBO ................................................................................................ 8 
E2.a Dosing Regimen ........................................................................................................................ 8 
E2.b Study Medication Supply ........................................................................................................ 8 
E2.c Study Medication Accountability ........................................................................................... 8 
E2.d Study Drug Disposal ................................................................................................................ 9 
E3. TITRATION SEQUENCE ...................................................................................................................... 9 
E4. EVALUATION CRITERIA ..................................................................................................................... 9 
E5. EVALUATION SCHEDULE ................................................................................................................ 10 
E6. STUDY VISITS ................................................................................................................................... 11 
E6.1 Recruitment Phase .................................................................................................................. 11 
E6.2 Telephone Screening Interview (TS) .................................................................................... 11 
E6.3 Screening Visit (SV) ................................................................................................................ 11 
E6.4 Baseline Visit (BV) ................................................................................................................... 12 
E6.5 Follow-up Visits ...................................................................................................................... 13 
F. STUDY MEASURES ............................................................................................................................ 13 
F1. 3-DAY VOIDING DIARY .................................................................................................................... 14 
F2. COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT ................................................................................................................ 14 
F3. GLOBAL PATIENT PERCEPTION OF COGNITIVE CHANGE ............................................................. 15 
F4. DEPRESSION ..................................................................................................................................... 15 
F5. SLEEP ................................................................................................................................................ 15 
F6. PHYSICAL FUNCTION AND MOBILITY ............................................................................................ 16 


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F7. OVERACTIVE BLADDER QUESTIONNAIRE (OAB-Q) ...................................................................... 16 
F8.  GLOBAL RATING OF PATIENT SATISFACTION AND PERCEPTIONS OF IMPROVEMENT ............... 16 
F9. OTHER MEASUREMENTS ................................................................................................................. 16 
G. DATA MANAGEMENT .................................................................................................................... 17 
G1.DATA COLLECTION ......................................................................................................................... 17 
H. SAFETY MONITORING PLAN ....................................................................................................... 17 
I. ETHICS ................................................................................................................................................... 18 
I1. INSTITUTIONAL REVIEW BOARD ..................................................................................................... 18 
I2. INFORMED CONSENT FORM ............................................................................................................. 19 
K. SAMPLE SIZE JUSTIFICATION ....................................................................................................... 19 
L. STATISTICAL CONSIDERATIONS ................................................................................................. 19 
M. NONADHERENCE, STUDY DRUG DISCONTINUATION AND EARLY STUDY 
DISCONTINUATION ............................................................................................................................. 20 
N. REFERENCES ...................................................................................................................................... 21 
 


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A. BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE 
 
Urinary incontinence and cognitive impairment are common disorders in the elderly. Urinary 
incontinence has a profound negative impact on quality of life and is associated with 
depression, social isolation, physical inactivity, falls and fractures, caregiver burden, and 
institutionalization.1-6  Urgency incontinence is one of the most prevalent types of urinary 
incontinence and, in community-dwelling women over the age of 60, the proportion of women 
with urgency incontinence doubles with each decade of advancing age.7-9 Similarly, cognitive 
impairment occurs in at least 10% of people over 65 years and in 50% of those over 85 years.10 
Drug-related cognitive impairment is one of the few preventable etiologies of cognitive decline. 
Unfortunately, anti-cholinergic medications, including anti-cholinergic bladder medications, 
have been specifically implicated in the development of cognitive decline in older adults.11-13  In 
2012, the American Geriatrics Society updated the Beers Criteria for potentially inappropriate 
medications use in older adults to include a strong recommendation to avoid anticholinergic 
and antimuscarinic medications in this population.14  This poses a difficult dilemma for older 
adults who are at risk for both urgency incontinence and cognitive impairment, and lack 
treatment options for incontinence that do not cause or exacerbate cognitive impairment.  
Recently, the FDA approved a new category of medicine for urgency incontinence, a β-3 
adrenergic receptor agonist (Mirabegron) that may have a better cognitive safety profile than 
anticholinergic drugs.  However, in the absence of rigorous outcomes data confirming this, 
older adults and their clinicians may doubt the safety of and appropriateness of using 
Mirabegron to treat urgency incontinence in older age.  Since incontinence and cognitive decline 
are common conditions that cause people to transition from living independently to assisted 
living facilities or nursing homes,15 it is imperative to identify therapies for urgency 
incontinence that don’t contribute to cognitive decline; therapies that will improve quality of 
life by treating incontinence help elderly people to continue living independently. 
 
Summary of the Proposed Pilot Trial 
We propose a pilot study to assess the feasibility of enrolling ~50 community-dwelling, 
ambulatory women aged 65 years and older with urgency or mixed urgency predominate 
urinary incontinence into a randomized, controlled trial, to determine whether elderly women 
will adhere to an 8-week drug regimen and estimate the effect size necessary to show 
differences cognitive decline between Mirabegron and a standard anticholinergic therapy. 
 
B.  STUDY SYNOPSIS 
 
Fifty community-dwelling women, ambulatory women with urgency or mixed urgency 
predominate urinary incontinence and at least 3 urgency incontinence episodes on a 3-day 
screening diary, will be randomized to 8 weeks of Mirabegron (Myrbetriq) or tolterodine 


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tartrate (Detrol LA). The study will take place at the UCSF Women’s Health Clinical Research 
Center.  
 
 
 
 
 
C. SPECIFIC AIMS 
 
The Specific Aims are to: 
 
SA1:  Assess the feasibility of enrolling and retaining women aged 65 years and older with 
urgency urinary incontinence in a randomized, controlled trial of an 8-week medication 
study. 
 
SA2: To estimate preliminary differences in the effects of mirabegron compared to a 
standard anticholinergic therapy on cognitive function and calculate the standard deviation 
for: 1) a standard cognitive function battery, and 2) global patient perception of cognitive 
function.  
 
SA3:  To collect preliminary data on differences in change in physical function/mobility  and 
other adverse events associated with Mirabegron vs. a standard anticholinergic therapy, 
such as dry mouth, constipation, vision, and falling.  
 
SA4:  Determine the differences in patient satisfaction between Mirabegron and a standard 
anticholinergic therapy in the treatment of urgency urinary incontinence.  
 
SA5:  To estimate preliminary differences in the efficacy of Mirabegron compared to a 
standard anticholinergic therapy on reducing urinary incontinence frequency, as assessed 
by validated 3-day voiding diary.   
 
D. STUDY POPULATION 
 
D1. Inclusion Criteria  
Inclusion criteria reflect patients appropriate for treatment by primary care.  
• 
Community-dwelling, ambulatory females ≥ 65 years old 


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• 
Urgency or Mixed Urgency Predominate Urinary Incontinence (subject-reported) for ≥ 3 
months prior to Screening (Visit 1) 
• 
On a 3-day voiding diary, documentation of at least 3 urgency incontinence episodes 
with the number of urgency incontinence episodes greater than number of stress 
incontinence episodes 
• 
Capability of understanding and having signed the informed consent form after full 
discussion of the research nature of the treatment and its risk and benefits 
• 
Ability to perform all procedures and tests required by the protocol  
• 
Report having a primary health care provider 
• 
Willingness to remain on stable medication regime for duration of the randomized 
controlled trial. Participants will be asked to not add new medications during the 
randomized controlled trial, such as diuretics and other medications which may affect 
their voiding pattern unless deemed necessary by the participant's health care provider.   
 
D2. Exclusion Criteria  
Exclusion criteria reflect patients inappropriate for primary care and more appropriate 
for referral to a specialist.  
• 
Seated blood pressure systolic >180 or diastolic >110 at Screening or Baseline 
• 
Physician diagnosis of dementia  
• 
Any use of dementia medications (donepezil (Aricept), galantamine (Razadyne), 
memantine (Namenda) , rivastigmine (Exelon)), or debilitating or recent neurologic 
disease 
• 
Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score <20  
• 
Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) > 6 
• 
History of gastric retention, uncontrolled narrow angle glaucoma, myasthenia gravis, 
severe ulcerative colitis, toxic megacolon, fistula or a hole in your bladder or rectum, 
birth defect leading to urine leakage, and urine leakage starting in childhood 
• 
Clinically significant hepatic dysfunction (Child-Pugh score B or greater) or renal 
insufficiency (creatinine clearance <30 mL/min or eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m2)  
• 
Neurologic conditions such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, or 
Parkinson’s disease. 
• 
Major cardiovascular event in the past 6 months (i.e., MI, unstable angina, 
hospitalization for chest pain) 
• 
Symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse defined as participant unable to completely empty 
her bladder within the past 3 months. 
• 
History of surgery for incontinence, pelvic surgery (i.e., for prolapse or hysterectomy), 
intra-vesical therapy (e.g., botox), and/or bulk injections within the past 6 months.  
• 
A known history of interstitial cystitis or a significant pain component associated with 
OAB symptoms, uninvestigated hematuria, urogenital cancer, radiation to the pelvis or 
external genitalia. 
• 
Urinary tract infection (UTI) as shown by the results of the urinalysis at screening or 
recurrent urinary tract infection (RUTIs) defined as treatment for UTI >3 times in the last 
year.  
• 
Urinary retention (post-void residual urine volume >150 cc measured by bladder scan at 
screening). 


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• 
Use of any electrostimulation, bladder training, or pelvic floor exercises (with certified 
incontinence practitioners) within 4 weeks of Screening. 
• 
Use of mirabegron or tolterodine in the past 6 months.  
• 
Has been treated within 4 weeks prior to Screening and/or is currently being treated 
with: 
- Any drug treatment for OAB  
- Any drugs with significant anticholinergic and antispasmodic effects (see exception 
for tricyclic antidepressants below) 
• 
Has started treatment with or changed dose of tricyclic antidepressants or estrogens 
within 4 weeks prior to Screening. 
• 
Intermittent use or unstable dose of diuretics. Treatment with diuretics initiated within 4 
weeks prior to baseline and/or is not on a stable dose is not permitted.  
• 
Treatment with potent CYP3A4 inhibitors, such as clarithromycin, ketoconazole, and 
itraconazole within 4 weeks prior to Screening.  
• 
Administration of medications capable of inducing hepatic enzyme metabolism or 
transport (e.g., barbiturates, rifampicin, carbamazepine, phenytoin, primidone, or St. 
John’s Wort) in the past 4 weeks. 
• 
Administration of narrow therapeutic index drugs metabolized by CYP2D6, such as 
thioridazine, flecainide, and propafenone. 
• 
Previously received any investigational drug within 30 days prior to trial entry. 
• 
Alcohol and/or any other drug abuse in the opinion of the investigator. 
• 
Participants who, in the opinion of the Investigator, have any medical (including known 
history of major hematological, renal, cardiovascular, or hepatic abnormalities) or 
psychological condition or social circumstances that would impair their ability to 
participate reliably in the trial, or those who may increase the risk to themselves or 
others by participating. 
• 
Participants who, in the opinion of the investigator, are not likely to complete the trial 
for whatever reason. 
 
Participants must meet all inclusion and exclusion criteria to be randomized to trial treatment.  
 
E. STUDY DESIGN 
Approximately 50 women with urgency or mixed urgency predominate urinary incontinence 
will be randomized in a 1-to-1 ratio to either mirabegron or tolterodine tartrate for 8 weeks.  
 
E1. Study Overview 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
tolterodine tartrate 4mg 
Telephone Screen 
Community-dwelling, Ambulatory Women; Urgency or Mixed 
Baseline Visit  
Diary Review/Data; Questionnaires; Inclusion/Exclusion; 
Phone Call @ 2 weeks  
mirabegron 25mg 
Screening Visit  
Informed Consent; Dipstick UA; Demographics; Diary Instruction


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E2. Study Medication and Placebo  
 
E2.a Dosing Regimen 
 
Participants will be instructed to take one tablet and 1 capsule (total of 2) of blinded study 
medication once a day, orally, for 8 weeks. They will start with a Mirabegron (25mg) or 
tolterodine tartrate (4 mg) dose of study medication and will have the option of dose 
escalation to 2 tablets and 2 capsules (total of 4) per day (Mirabegron 50mg or tolterodine 
tartrate 4 mg + identical placebo).  
- 
Mirabegron (25 mg or 2 X 25 mg) with participant-directed dose adjustment 
- 
Detrol LA (4mg or 4mg + placebo) with participant-directed dose adjustment 
 
E2.b Study Medication Supply 
 
Mirabegron (Myrbetriq), tolterodine tartrate (Detrol LA) and placebo tablets identical to the 
tolterodine tartrate tablets administered in the study will be supplied by Astellas, shipped to 
the UCSF Pharmacy, and labeled by the pharmacist with randomization numbers.  Because 
the two treatments cannot be made identical, the study will use a double-dummy 
methodology with the placebo identical to the tolterodine tartrate but these will not be 
identical to the Mirabegron.  Specific procedures for shipping, storing, labeling, logging and 
returning study medication and for dispensing study medication to participants will be 
described in detail in the Operations Manual. 
 
1.1.1 
E2.c Study Medication Accountability  
 
Study Medication Accountability Forms and logs will be used to maintain accurate records 
of receipt, dispensing, return, and disposal of study medication.  When drug is received, the 


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date, randomization number and quantity of drug received will be recorded.  During the 
study, participants receiving study medication should be identified on the drug 
accountability form by study-specific participant number and acrostic. In addition, the date 
and quantity dispensed should be recorded each time study medication is dispensed.  
 
All study medication receipts, dispensing, transfers, returns, and disposal of drug are to be 
documented on the study medication accountability form. Specific procedures for the drug 
accountability of study medication will be included in the Operations Manual. 
 
E2.d Study Drug Disposal 
 
All doses of study medication that remain undispensed at the end of the study should be 
properly disposed per UCSF Pharmacy guidelines. It is the responsibility of the Investigator 
or designee to determine investigational drug accountability, complete the record and 
ensure that the unused investigational drug is destroyed.   
 
Specific procedures for study medication handling will be included in the Operations 
Manual.  
 
E3. Titration Sequence 
 
Baseline (V1) 
 
Phone Call 
Week 2 (V2) 
Week 4 (V3) 
Week 8 (V4) 
1 Mirabegron 25mg  
 
↑ Mirabegron 50mg if desired   
Same or adjust Mirabegron  
Final Data 
2
  
Tolterodine tartrate 4mg   
↑ tolterodine tartrate 4mg + 
Matching placebo if desired 
 
Same or adjust tolterodine 
tartrate 4mg + Matching 
placebo 
 
Final Data 
 
E4. Evaluation criteria 
 
Primary efficacy will be measured as change in the number of urge incontinent episodes per 
day from baseline to 8 weeks. A reliable and validated 3-day voiding diary will be used that 
includes frequency of micturitions (diurnal and nocturnal) and incontinence episodes classified 
by clinical type (urgency, stress, or other) along with time of occurrence, waking and bedtime.16-
18  Details recorded in diary: 
• 
Time arose from and time went to bed  
• 
Time of every micturition 
• 
The participant  will rate their degree of urgency with each micturition episode 
• 
Time of every incontinence episode  
• 
The participant will report the reason for the incontinence episode (urgency, stress, 
other) 


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The daily voiding diary period is defined as follows: “Awake Time” begins from the time the 
subject starts her day (time arose) until she goes to bed for that day. “Bed Time” is defined as 
the time the subject went to bed until she arose to start the next day. 
 
E5. Evaluation Schedule  
Time of Visit 
Tele- 
phone 
SV 
Base 
line 
2wk 
phone 
4wk 
8wk 
ET 
Telephone Screening  
X 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Information & Informed Consent 
 
X 
 
 
 
 
 
3-day voiding diary Instruction 
 
X 
 
 
 
 
 
Demographics 
 
X 
 
 
 
 
 
Alcohol and Tobacco Use 
 
X 
 
 
 
 
 
Medical History 
 
X 
 
 
 
 
 
Mini-Mental Status Exam (MMSE)* 
 
X 
 
 
 
 
 
Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)*  
 
X 
 
 
 
 
 
Concomitant Medication 
 
X 
 
 
 
 
 
Dipstick urinalysis  
 
X 
 
 
 
X 
X 
PVR assessment 
 
X 
 
 
 
X 
X 
Voiding diary Review 
 
 
X 
 
X 
X 
X 
Height^ and Weight  
 
 
X 
 
 
X 
 
Vital Signs 
 
X 
X 
 
X 
X 
X 
Health and Medications Update 
 
 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
Inclusion/Exclusion/Randomization  
 
 
X 
 
 
 
 
Dispense study medication 
 
 
X 
 
X 
 
 
California Verbal Learning Test – Short Form 
(CVLT-SF) 
 
 
X 
 
 
X 
 
X 
Digit Span 
 
 
X 
 
 
X 
X 
Trail Making Test Parts A & B 
 
 
X 
 
 
X 
X 
Digit Symbol Substitution Task (DSST)  
 
 
X 
 
 
X 
X 
Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI)  
 
 
X 
 
 
X 
X 
Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) 
 
 
X 
 
 
X 
X 
Physical Function and Mobility: Short Physical 
Performance Battery (SPPB) 
 
 
X 
 
 
X 
X 
IADL 
 
 
X 
 
 
X 
X 
OAB-questionnaire 
 
 
X 
 
 
X 
X 
Patient Perception of Cognitive Change 
 
 
 
X 
X 
X 
X 
Adverse events (self-report)  
 
 
 
X 
X 
X 
X 


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Patient Perception of Bladder Condition  
 
 
 
X 
X 
X 
X 
Participant directed Dose Adjustment  
 
 
 
X 
X 
 
 
Assess study medication compliance 
 
 
 
X 
X 
X 
X 
Trial medication return/count  
 
 
 
 
X 
X 
X 
Early Termination Report 
 
 
 
 
 
 
X 
Participant Satisfaction 
 
 
 
 
 
X 
X 
^ Height only at baseline visit  
*  The MMSE and the GDS will be used only as screening tests to determine eligibility, not as outcome measures 
 
 
E6. Study Visits  
 
The 8-week RCT requires 2 telephone visits (Telephone Screening, Week 2 Phone Call) and 4 in-
clinic visits (Screening, Baseline, Week 4, Week 8 (or Early Termination) visit).   
 
E6.1 Recruitment Phase 
 
Women will be recruited by (1) direct, community-based efforts using large media (newspaper 
notices, television ads, etc.) and small media (brochures in local businesses, talks to local 
community, notices in churches, salons etc.); (2) seeking referrals from physician’s offices 
(specifically in urology, urogynecology, gynecology, primary care, and geriatric medicine) and 
(3) purchasing targeted mailing lists.  
 
1.1.2 
E6.2 Telephone Screening Interview (TS) 
 
Women who respond to study advertisements will be called on the telephone, provided a 
general overview of the study and, if interested, will complete a survey to determine potential 
eligibility.  Potentially eligible respondents will be invited to attend a Screening Visit to 
determine eligibility. Participants will be asked to bring all medications, including prescription 
and over-the-counter preparations, to the visit. 
 
1.1.3 
E6.3 Screening Visit (SV) 
 
At the Screening Visit, women will be informed about the details and requirements of the study, 
informed consent will be obtained, and assessment of eligibility will be performed. Participants 
will be asked to bring to the visit all prescription and non-prescription medications that they are 
currently taking and these will be recorded. Participants will have their vitals taken and be 
trained to keep a 3-day voiding diary and will be given baseline questionnaires assessing 
demographics, alcohol use, tobacco use, depression, medical history, mental status and 
cognitive function. Participants will be asked to complete the 3-day voiding diary at home and 


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return it at the Baseline Visit (V1). A participant who has an abnormal urine dipstick result may 
be rescreened one time for eligibility. 
 
1.1.4 
E6.4 Baseline Visit (BV) 
 
After 1-2 weeks, candidates will return for a Baseline Visit. To be eligible, candidates must 
record having had at least 3 urgency incontinence episodes and more urgency than stress 
incontinence episodes on the 3-day voiding diary. The following questionnaires will be 
administered: California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT), Digit Span, Trails A & B, Digit Symbol 
Substitution Task (DSST), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Physical Function and 
Mobility, OAB-questionnaire, and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL). Height, 
weight, and vital signs will be obtained, and changes in health and medications will be 
assessed. The list of inclusion and exclusion criteria will be reviewed and participant eligibility 
will be confirmed.  
 
1.1.4.1 
E6.4.a Randomization   
A randomization scheme, in equal ratios of treatment groups using randomly permuted blocks 
of 2 and 4, will be generated by a statistician at the Coordinating Center and released only to the 
pharmacist at the UCSF Pharmacy. The statistician who generates the randomization scheme is 
not otherwise involved in the conduct of the study.  Study medication is manufactured and 
identified as mirabegron, tolterodine tartrate, or identical placebo by Astellas, Inc. and sent to 
the UCSF Pharmacy. The pharmacist will label all blinded study drug with the appropriate 
randomization number and clinical trial information as specified by the FDA.  
 
All eligibility information will be verified at the site prior to randomization. When a participant 
fulfills study inclusion and exclusion criteria, the next sequential randomization number will be 
assigned by study staff and irrevocably entered on a participant case report form and on a 
randomization log sheet. The study medication matching the randomization number will be 
distributed. Study medication labels will comply with all legal requirements. 
 
The study Principal Investigator, personnel involved in the conduct of the trial, and participants 
will be blinded to treatment status.  Unblinding of individual participants will be allowed only 
for clinically significant reasons, and will require the permission of the PI.  Unless stipulated by 
the Executive Committee, treatment assignment codes will not be broken until after all 
participants have completed their final visit, trial data are edited and cleaned, and the trial data 
set locked.    
 


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1.1.5 
E6.5 Follow-up Visits 
 
E6.5.a Week 2 Phone Call 
 
At Week 2 participants will be contacted via telephone and asked if they want to stay on the 
current dose of medication or increase the dose at the start of Week 3.  Participants will be asked 
if there have been any changes in their health or medications and reminded to complete the 
voiding diary just prior to their Week 4 clinic visit. The coordinator will administer two 
assessments over the phone: the Patient Perception of Cognitive Change and the Patient 
Perception of Bladder Condition (PPBC).   
 
E6.5.b Week 4  
 
At Week 4 participants will be seen at the clinic and return the voiding diary. Study medication 
compliance/ accountability and changes in health will be assessed. Participants will be asked if 
they want to stay on the current dose of medication, or increase/decrease the current dosage. 
Participants will be asked to bring to the visit all prescription and non-prescription medications 
that they are currently taking and these will be recorded. Study medication will be dispensed. 
The coordinator will administer two assessments: the Patient Perception of Cognitive Change 
and the Patient Perception of Bladder Condition (PPBC).   
 
E6.5c Week 8 (or Early Termination) 
 
At Week 8 participants will be seen at the clinical centers to repeat the dipstick analysis, return 
the voiding diary, repeat the baseline questionnaires, and the End of Study Questionnaire or 
Early Termination Report. Weight and vital signs will be obtained. Study medication 
compliance/ accountability, changes in health and medical resource use (MD visits, surgery, and 
medications) will be assessed. Participants will be asked to bring to the visit all prescription and 
non-prescription medications that they are currently taking and these will be recorded.  
 
F. STUDY MEASURES  
 
The clinical assessments used in this study are accurate, reliable, and relevant.  Variability is 
possible in the participant-reported measurements, such as study participants diaries and 
questionnaires that depend heavily on the participant’s understanding of and compliance with 
protocol instructions.  To minimize this possibility, case report forms will be clear and easy to 


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use, study site staff will be fully trained to administer the instruments, and instructions will be 
carefully and clearly explained to study participants, both in writing and verbally. 
 
F1. 3-day Voiding diary 
 
The 3-day Voiding diary includes written instructions and a sample completed diary.  The diary 
has columns for recording the frequency of voluntary voiding episodes, urinary sensation scale 
(1-5), and the number of incontinent episodes by type.  Study participants will also note the 
time they go to bed each night and the time they arise each morning.  This diary has been used 
in large clinical trials and shown to be reliable and valid.16,17,19 The Voiding diary will be 
reviewed at Baseline Visit, Week 4 and Week 8 (or Early Termination) visits. 
 
F2. Cognitive Assessment   
 
Standardized neuropsychologic tests will be used to assess cognitive function and change in 
cognitive performance.  The tests were selected as validated, easy to administer tests that may 
be sensitive to short-term change in cognitive function and would not create undue participant 
or site burden in this cohort.  The tests include: 
 
a) California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) evaluates recall and multi-trial learning and 
takes approximately 40 minutes to administer. The CVLT involves the presentation of 
one list of 16 words taken from three categories. Following a brief delay, the participant 
is asked to recall the words. Memory is then tested after another 20-minute delay. 
b) Digit Span assesses attention and short-term verbal memory (2 minutes to administer).  
c) Trail Making Test Parts A & B (Trails A & B) - assess attention and visual scanning 
(Trails A) and executive function (Trails B; each takes 3 minutes to administer).20,21 These 
are timed, written tests with shorter test times corresponding to better attention, visual 
scanning, and executive function. 
d) Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) assesses incidental memory, visual scanning, and 
motor speed (5 minutes to administer).22  This is a timed, written test requiring subjects 
to translate numbers into symbols using a key; higher scores indicate greater 
psychomotor speed, attention, and perceptual organization. 
e) Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) – simple cognitive function exam that screens 
for cognitive loss. Participant orientation, attention, calculation, recall, language and 
motor skills will all be assessed. Participants must score at least 20/30 to qualify for the 
study. 


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1.2 
F3. Global Patient Perception of Cognitive Change 
A single-item assessing patient’s overall perception of their memory problems using a 5-point 
Likert scale, participants will be asked “Compared to 4 weeks ago, have you noticed that your 
memory and thinking are:” with responses of much better, somewhat  better, about the same, 
somewhat worse, or much worse. 
 
1.3 
F4. Depression 
 
Validated self-administered questionnaire, the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)23 will be used 
as an exclusionary tool at the Screening Visit and will gather additional information about 
major depression. Participants must score < 6 to qualify for the study. 
 
F5. Sleep 
 
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) 
 
The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)24,25 measures reported sleep patterns and sleep problems, 
including sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep efficiency and napping behavior. The PSQI is an 18-item 
questionnaire that has been demonstrated to have high internal consistency (0.83), test-retest 
reliability (0.85) and diagnostic validity. A global sleep quality score derived from the PSQI can be 
used to index overall quality of sleep over the prior one-week period. Global sleep quality scores are 
continuous (range 0-21) with high scores reflecting poor sleep quality. It will be administered at 
Baseline and Week 8 (or Early Termination) visits. 
 
 
Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) 
 
The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) is a simple, self-administered questionnaire measuring 
general level of daytime sleepiness. 26 The ESS is a 8-item questionnaire that has been 
demonstrated to have a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 100% in distinguishing excessive 
daytime sleepiness from normal daytime sleepiness.27 The questionnaire assesses the level of 
general sleepiness during eight real life situations on a 0-3 scale; possible scores range from zero 
to 24, and higher scores reflect greater sleepiness. The PSQI and ESS are stable measures of 
sleep quality and sleepiness over the past year in early middle-aged adults. 28 


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1.4 
F6. Physical Function and Mobility  
 
Measured with Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and Instrumental Activities of Daily 
Living (IADL) (same as used in the Health and Retirement Study). 29 Clinically significant 
change includes new difficulty in I-ADL or worsening on the Short Physical Performance 
Battery (includes chair stand, balance, gait speed).29   
 
F7. Overactive Bladder Questionnaire (OAB-q)  
 
OAB-q is a self-administered, 33-item, validated questionnaire that assesses how much the 
subject has been bothered by selected bladder symptoms during the previous week. 30  It 
consists of two distinct components.  The first 8 questions comprise the symptom bother 
score.  Questions 9-33 comprise the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) component, which 
includes the domains of coping, concern, sleep, and social interaction.  Higher scores represent 
better quality of life. It will be administered at Baseline and Week 8 (or Early Termination) 
visits. Participants are not allowed to look at previously completed assessments.  
 
1.5 
F8.  Global Rating of Patient Satisfaction and Perceptions of Improvement  
Two validated questions assessing patient’s satisfaction with the intervention and perception of 
improvement of their bladder problems will be administered: 31 
 
• 
Patient satisfaction question (PSQ):  How satisfied are you with your progress in this 
program? With responses of Completely, Somewhat, or Not at all 
 
• 
Global perception of improvement (GPI): Overall, do you feel that you are: Much Better, 
Better, About the same, Worse, or Much worse.  This is compared to pre- intervention 
(so there is no baseline value). 
  
F9. Other Measurements 
 
Weight will be recorded in kilograms using a calibrated scale. Participants will be measured in 
light clothing (without shoes) to the nearest 0.5 kg. Standing height, which is measured at the 
baseline visit only, will be measured in centimeters with a calibrated wall-mounted Harpenden 


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stadiometer or ruler.  Variables that may act as predictors of the frequency of incontinence will 
be documented at screening or baseline.  These covariates include demographic characteristics 
(age, race/ethnicity, residency location (independent, assisted), relationship status, education), 
general health, genitourinary history (duration of incontinence, prior type and duration of 
therapy, amount of urine loss, pad use, drinking habits), smoking behavior, reproductive health 
(gravity, parity, route of delivery, menopause status, hormone therapy use), medical history/ 
comorbidities (hypertension, cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease, stroke, diabetes) 
surgical history (hysterectomy, pelvic organ prolapse repair, other pelvic or abdominal 
surgery), history of falling on past month, and medications.  
 
G. DATA MANAGEMENT 
 
G1.Data Collection 
A secure study database will be developed using the UCSF Research Electronic Data Capture 
system (REDCap). REDCap enables researchers to create on-line databases for input, cleaning, 
management, and exporting of all study data. The study programmer analyst, who has 
previously used REDCap to create study databases for large multi-centered studies, will create 
a REDCap database unique to our study. REDCap also contains advanced features for data 
cleaning, importing, and embedded calculated database fields and is supported by the UCSF 
Information Technology Service. 
 
All study data from each site will be entered into the HIPAA-compliant REDCap database 
using on-line study forms. Participants will complete questionnaires on paper which will then 
be entered by the research assistant into the REDCap study forms which prompts for missing or 
nonsensical data. Other participant data will also be entered into REDCap study forms. Missing 
data or incorrect values will be identified instantaneously using cross-checks in the database 
and research assistants will be asked to address these issues within 24 hours.  
 
H. SAFETY MONITORING PLAN 
 
The conduct of the study and safety of participants will be evaluated by an independent Data 
and Safety Monitor (DSM), Dr. Andrew Avins, Senior Investigator at Kaiser Permanente of 
Northern California.  Dr. Avins is a clinical researcher with experience in clinical trials, research 
ethics, and statistics. The DSM will periodically review the conduct and outcomes of the study 
and provide feedback to the investigators, with particular attention to protecting the safety of 
study participants.  The DSM is independent of the institution and the investigators 
participating in the study and has no financial ties to the outcome of the study.  


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Prior to initiation of the trial, the DSM will review and approve the study design and plans for 
recruitment, adherence, interventions, data quality, and safety monitoring.  At periodic 
intervals during the course of the trial, the DSM will evaluate the adequacy and timeliness of 
participant recruitment, evaluate the ability of the trial to reach stated goals, review adherence 
to visits and protocols, assess data quality and timeliness, evaluate the safety of participants, 
provide a report to the investigators and the IRB on the scientific progress of the trial and the 
safety of participants, make recommendations to the investigators on continuation, termination, 
or other modifications of the trial, and consider factors external to the study (i.e., new scientific 
or therapeutic developments) when relevant to  the safety of the participants or the ethical 
conduct of the trial. 
The DSM will periodically review aggregate and unblinded trial data after 20 and 40 
participants complete the 4-week visit.  An emergency meeting may also be called by the 
principal investigator at any time should questions of participant safety arise.  Each review will 
include an assessment of the adequacy and timeliness of participant recruitment, adherence to 
the visit and intervention protocols, data quality and timeliness, adverse effects, and participant 
safety.   
 
Given that the study is of short duration, no assessment of interim efficacy will be done, and the 
study will not be stopped or altered for unexpected efficacy or lack of efficacy.  Interim reports 
for the DSM will be prepared by an unblinded biostatistician at the Women’s Health Clinical 
Research Center, and sent to the DSM at least 5 days prior to a pre-scheduled review.  A copy of 
the interim reports will be retained in a locked, confidential file by the DSM.  
 
After each interim review, the DSM will provide a signed statement that indicates whether the 
study should continue, terminate, or be altered based on ability to meet study recruitment and 
data quality goals and participant safety. He will include any recommendations for changes to 
the protocol if necessary to enhance participant safety or potentiate the ability of the trial to 
answer the research hypotheses.  This statement will be provided to the principal investigator 
and will be sent to the UCSF IRB.  All materials, discussions, and proceedings of the DSM 
process will be completely confidential. 
 
I. ETHICS 
1.6 
 
1.7 
I1. Institutional Review Board 
The study protocol, informed consent form, study questionnaires and recruitment materials 
must be approved by the UCSF Committee on Human Research (CHR) prior to the start of the 
study.  Protocol amendments generated during the study must be approved by the CHR prior 
to their implementation.  The Sponsor-Institution (UCSF) and Investigator  (Dr. Subak) shall be 


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responsible for reporting any serious adverse events associated with the use of the study drug 
to the to ASMA (e-mail to safety-us@us.astellas.com or fax to 847-317-1421) and to the UCSF 
CHR. 
  
I2. Informed Consent Form 
Before individuals may participate in any screening procedures, informed consent for all phases 
of the trial must be obtained.  The consent form will explain in lay language the goals of the 
study, the visits and procedures and the risks and benefits of participating. Any amendment to 
the protocol generated during the study that impacts participants will be reflected in a revised 
consent form that must be signed again by the participant.  
 
K. SAMPLE SIZE JUSTIFICATION 
 
Sample sizes between 24 and 50 have been recommended for feasibility/pilot studies.32-35 We 
plan to study up to 50 women with approximately 25 randomized to Mirabegron and 25 to a 
standard anticholinergic therapy (Detrol LA).  One of the goals of this study is to estimate the 
standard deviation of the neuropsychologic battery scores as well as the potential effect size of 
Mirabegron against its comparator.  These estimates will be used to develop sample size 
estimates for a larger clinical trial, if indicated.  Thus, power analyses based on a sample size of 
50 were not done for this proposal.  
 
L. STATISTICAL CONSIDERATIONS 
 
SA 1:  We will observe the number of weeks required to enroll 50 participants into this pilot 
study, track the success rate of various recruitment approaches, track the numbers of women 
who are screened, found eligible, enrolled/randomized, and lost to follow-up, as well as those to 
terminate the study or discontinue study medication early, and calculate the cost of recruitment 
per participant. 
 
SA 2:  Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) will be used to estimate the preliminary performance 
differences on and calculate the standard deviation of cognitive test scores and physical 
function and mobility test scores between the Mirabegron and standard anticholinergic therapy 
groups at week 8, controlling for baseline.  
 
SA 3:  Standard chi-square tests will be used to determine differences in report of adverse 
events at week 8.   
 


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SA 4:  Number and proportion of participants reporting much better, somewhat better, about 
the same, somewhat worse and much worse memory and thinking since study enrollment will 
be calculated.  Chi-square test for trend will be used to determine differences patient perception 
of cognitive change at week 8.   
 
SA 5: ANCOVA will be used to estimate the preliminary differences and calculate the standard 
deviation of change in incontinence episode frequency measured on the 3-day diary between 
the Mirabegron and standard anticholinergic therapy groups at week 8, controlling for baseline. 
 
M. NONADHERENCE, STUDY DRUG DISCONTINUATION AND EARLY STUDY 
DISCONTINUATION 
 
All participants will be encouraged to take all doses of study medication unless safety is a 
concern. Study coordinators will ascertain reasons for nonadherence to study medication and 
attempt to help participants find ways to improve adherence. However, participants who are 
nonadherent with study medication will be urged to attend all study visits and complete all 
study measurements as planned. Adherence with study medication will be measured by tablet 
counts at each clinic visit. 
 
Study drug will be discontinued in any participant who has any serious adverse event that, in 
the judgment of the clinical site investigator, is possibly related to treatment with study 
medication. Study medication may be resumed if, in the opinion of the clinical site investigator, 
the abnormal symptom, physical finding or test has been satisfactorily evaluated and found to 
be benign. 
 
Participants will be considered to have permanently discontinued study medication if they 
report not taking study medication for 4 weeks or longer. In this case, study termination 
measurements will be obtained if possible.  
 
All participants will be urged to attend all study visits and complete all study measurements as 
planned. However, participants can discontinue participation in the study at any time. 
Participants who miss a visit will be contacted by the study coordinator to reschedule the visit 
and to provide assistance in completing the visit. Participants who state that they no longer 
desire to participate in the trial will undergo study termination measurements if possible.  
 
 


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