Clinical trial NCT03892642
Conditions: Bladder Cancer
Keywords: Intravesical BCG Bacille Calmette-Guerin avelumab
Sponsor: University of Oklahoma
Start date: 2019-05-01; Completion date: 2023-08-13
Enrollment: 18 participants; Allocation: NA; Intervention model: SINGLE_GROUP

Brief summary:
The purpose of this study is to test the safety of avelumab and Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and see what effects (good and bad) that this combination treatment has on subjects with recurrent bladder cancer.

Detailed description:
There will be exams, tests and procedures to see if the patient is eligible for the study. Some are part of regular cancer care and others are part of the study. Subjects will also need to complete a research questionnaire at certain points in the study.

Subjects will receive treatment of avelumab and intravesical BCG until unacceptable toxicity or tumor progression.

Study participation is up to three years.

Arms: arm 1: Combination of avelumab and intravesical BCG. One cycle = 12 weeks (84 days). A standard maintenance therapy regimen will be provided with BCG occurring at Month 3, 6, and 12. Avelumab treatment ends at the conclusion of Month 12 maintenance therapy.
Interventions: intervention 1: Avelumab intervention 2: BCG
Intervention descriptions: intervention 1: Induction phase:

* once weekly for weeks 1-6,
* once every 2 weeks at week 8, 10, and 12

Maintenance phase:

* Once every week for weeks 1-3
* Once every 2 weeks starting at week 5, until the next BCG treatment intervention 2: Induction phase (cycle 1):

• Once weekly for weeks 1-6

Maintenance phase (Month 3, 6, and 12):

• Once weekly for 3 weeks

Protocol documents:
Prot_000.pdf: 
CLINICAL STUDY PROTOCOL 
Phase Ib Study of Avelumab Plus Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) in Patients with Non-muscle 
Invasive Bladder Cancer (ABC Trial) 
Study Number:  
 
OUSCC-ABC 
Version / Date:  
 
5.0 (11-May-2021) 
Test Products:  
 
Avelumab; Intravesical BCG 
Sponsor:  
Stephenson Cancer Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences 
Center 
Principal Investigator:  
Kelly Stratton, MD 
Stephenson Cancer Center 
 
 
 
 
800 NE 10th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 
Email: Kelly-Stratton@ouhsc.edu  
 
Co-Investigators: 
 
Michael S. Cookson, MD 
Abhishek Tripathi, MD 
 
Bio-Statistician:  
 
Yan Daniel Zhao, PhD 
 
 
 
 
  
Funding Collaborator:  
EMD Serono, Inc. 
 
IND:   
 
 
142037  
 
NCT Number: 
NCT03892642 
 
Protocol Writer:  
 
Yuejin Wen, PhD, MD 
 
 


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Contents 
1 
BACKGROUND INFORMATION AND STUDY RATIONALE .................................................... 5 
1.1 
Disease Background ..................................................................................................................... 5 
1.2 
Intravesical BCG Immunotherapy for NMIBC ............................................................................ 5 
1.3 
PD-L1 Inhibitor on Cancer Therapy ............................................................................................ 6 
1.4 
Summary of Avelumab ................................................................................................................ 7 
1.5 
Rationale for this Study ................................................................................................................ 9 
2 
STUDY OBJECTIVES AND ENDPOINTS .................................................................................... 10 
2.1 
Objectives ................................................................................................................................... 10 
2.2 
Study Endpoints ......................................................................................................................... 10 
3 
STUDY POPULATION .................................................................................................................... 11 
3.1 
Inclusion Criteria ........................................................................................................................ 11 
3.2 
Exclusion Criteria ....................................................................................................................... 12 
4 
PATIENTS REGISTRATION .......................................................................................................... 14 
4.1 
Required Protocol Specific Regulatory Documents................................................................... 14 
4.2 
Patients Registration and Enrollment ......................................................................................... 14 
5 
STUDY DESIGN .............................................................................................................................. 14 
5.1 
Study Timeline ........................................................................................................................... 14 
5.2 
Overall Study Design ................................................................................................................. 15 
5.3 
Rationale for Avelumab Dose and Schedule.............................................................................. 16 
5.4 
Rationale for Avelumab and Intravesical BCG combination..................................................... 16 
6 
TREATMENT PLAN........................................................................................................................ 17 
6.1 
Treatment Dose and Schedule .................................................................................................... 17 
6.2 
Drug Formulation, Packaging and Handling.............................................................................. 17 
6.3 
Drug Preparation and Administration ........................................................................................ 18 
6.4 
Dose Modification or Discontinuation ....................................................................................... 20 
6.5 
Supportive Care .......................................................................................................................... 33 
6.6 
Treatment Duration .................................................................................................................... 33 
6.7 
Treatment Discontinuation ......................................................................................................... 33 
6.8 
Prohibited Medications .............................................................................................................. 34 


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6.9 
Duration of Follow-up ................................................................................................................ 34 
7 
STUDY PARAMETERS .................................................................................................................. 34 
7.1 
Therapeutic Parameters .............................................................................................................. 34 
7.2 
Observations and Tests............................................................................................................... 35 
7.3 
Biological Sample Collection for Translational Study .............................................................. 38 
8 
EVALUATION CRITERIA .............................................................................................................. 38 
8.1 
Safety Evaluation ....................................................................................................................... 38 
8.2 
Efficacy Evaluation .................................................................................................................... 39 
9 
SAFETY MONITORING AND REPORTING PROCEDURES ..................................................... 40 
9.1 
Adverse Event Reporting Period ................................................................................................ 40 
9.2 
Adverse Event Monitoring ......................................................................................................... 43 
9.3 
Documenting Adverse Events .................................................................................................... 45 
9.4 
Causality Assessment of Adverse Events .................................................................................. 46 
9.5 
Severity Assessment of Adverse Events .................................................................................... 47 
9.6 
Study Monitoring ....................................................................................................................... 47 
9.7 
Data Disclosure and Patient Confidentiality .............................................................................. 47 
10 
STATISTICAL CONSIDERATION ............................................................................................. 48 
10.1 Consideration for Sample Size ................................................................................................... 48 
10.2 Analytic Plan .............................................................................................................................. 48 
10.3 Accrual and Study Duration ....................................................................................................... 49 
11 
DATA AND SAFETY MONITORING PLAN ............................................................................ 49 
11.1 DSMC Auditing ......................................................................................................................... 49 
12 
DATA HANDLING AND RECORD KEEPING ......................................................................... 50 
12.1 Data Quality Assurance .............................................................................................................. 50 
12.2 Electronic Database and Case Report Forms ............................................................................. 50 
12.3 Record Retention ........................................................................................................................ 50 
13 
ETHICAL AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS ............................................................. 50 
13.1 Ethical Conduct of the Study ..................................................................................................... 50 
13.2 Informed Consent ....................................................................................................................... 50 
13.3 Institutional Review Board or Ethics Committee ...................................................................... 51 
13.4 Drug Accountability ................................................................................................................... 51 


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13.5 Protocol violations/deviations .................................................................................................... 51 
14 
REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................. 52 
 
 
 


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1 BACKGROUND INFORMATION AND STUDY RATIONALE 
1.1 Disease Background 
Bladder cancer is the one of the most common urologic cancers with an estimated 79,030 new cases and 
16,870 death in the United States in 2017 [1]. Of all newly diagnosed cases of bladder cancer, about 70% 
present as non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), including tumors with stage Ta, T1 and 
carcinoma in situ (CIS) [2, 3]. Even with optimal treatment, patients with NMIBC are at high risk of tumor 
recurrence or progression to more advanced disease [3].  Recurrent NMIBC represents a heterogenous 
disease mix with a wide spectrum of risk for additional recurrence and progression, which have been used 
for patient stratification into three risk groups [4]. Patients with recurrent NMIBC of intermediate-risk can 
be treated with intravesical chemotherapy and /or Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) before surgical 
cystectomy. The second-line therapies, such as BCG plus interferon alfa-2b, valrubicin, docetaxel or 
gemcitabine have demonstrated modest activity in early-phase of clinical studies; and novel approaches 
are being studied in an effort to improve the prognosis in the high-risk clinical setting. 
1.2 Intravesical BCG Immunotherapy for NMIBC 
BCG for intravesical use is a live attenuated form of Mycobacterium bovis and has been approved by the 
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the United States for the treatment and prophylaxis of carcinoma 
in situ (CIS) of the urinary bladder, and for the prophylaxis of primary or recurrent stage Ta and/or T1 
papillary 
tumors 
following 
transurethral 
resection 
(TUR) 
(https://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/UCM163039.pdf). 
Per 
the American Urological Association (AUA) bladder cancer guidelines it is the standard treatment for 
patients with high-risk NMIBC following a restaging transurethral resection of bladder tumor. Patients 
with NMIBC have high recurrence rate after intravesical BCG with or without chemotherapy. Standard 
definitions of post-BCG states may be used to guide clinical decision-making and clinical trial design [5]. 
BCG failure: Patients with either intermediate- or high-risk NMIBC who received induction intravesical 
BCG but failure to achieve tumor response. Up to 40% of patients with NMIBC will fail intravesical BCG 
therapy [6].  
BCG unresponsive:  Patients have persistent or recurrent high-grade Ta/Tis or T1 bladder cancer after 
completion of at least induction (≥5 doses) and one round of maintenance (or second induction; ≥2 doses) 
intravesical BCG; or tumor recurrent within six months after initial response. Up to 50% patients with 
NMIBC have tumor progression after the third cycle intravesical BCG therapy [7]. 
The difficulty with management of NMIBC has resulted in many attempts to improve treatment.  For 
patients with Ta disease, without additional treatment, cancer recurrence occurs in more than 60% and 
disease progression occurs in more than 20%.  Patients with T1 disease may experience recurrence in 
more than 75% of patients with progression in 35% of patients.  Intravesical chemotherapy may delay 
recurrence, but does not prevent progression.  BCG has been shown to reduce disease progression and 
recurrence while improving survival.  The most benefit from BCG is obtained with a complete 
maintenance course.  Response rates can improve from nearly 40% to over 70% [8, 9].  However, very 
few patients can tolerate a complete full course of maintenance BCG (~16%) [9].  Patients with persistent 
tumor or post-BCG recurrence may respond to another challenge with intravesical BCG [10].  However, 


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a repeat induction of BCG for patients with disease refractory to the first BCG induction only has a 
response rate of around 20%.  Cystectomy is offered to patients who have high risk NMIBC and those 
who may be resistant to BCG.  However, few patients want to undergo such a radical surgery.  
Improvements in BCG treatment, particularly the addition of systemic immunotherapy may lead to 
improved response rates, decreased rates of recurrence and better survival without the need for 
cystectomy.   
Patients undergoing BCG therapy must be able to tolerate induction therapy.  For any strategy to improve 
the anti-cancer efficacy of intravesical BCG completion of induction therapy is required.  This study 
includes a safety lead-in to ensure patients tolerate the combination therapy of full dose BCG and a novel 
weekly dosing of avelumab.  BCG has been shown to be effective in split dosing.  If patients are not 
tolerant of full dose BCG, reduced dosing will be evaluated.  For this study to proceed, patients must be 
able to tolerate induction therapy as commonly defined as receiving at least 5 of 6 weekly treatments 
within an 8 week period.  The completion of a full induction course within eight weeks of starting 
treatment is the primary endpoint of this study.  Patients who cannot tolerate 5 of 6 weekly treatments as 
part of induction therapy will be considered treatment failures.   
The response to treatment at the 6 month mark has been shown to be predictive of further tumor recurrence 
[11].  A secondary endpoint of this study will be the rate of completion of the 6 month maintenance course 
which will simultaneously evaluate for tolerance of therapy at 6 months and disease response.  This 
measure will provide a clinically meaningful endpoint of both safety and efficacy.   
Recently Merck, the only source of BCG within the United States, announced a global shortage of BCG 
supply.  This shortage may continue for the duration of this study.  Recently the American Urological 
Association (AUA) along with several other groups including the Bladder Cancer Advocacy Network 
(BCAN) and the Society of Urologic Oncology (SUO) provided clinicians with recommended strategies 
to ensure adequate BCG supplies.  This includes a recommendation that patients undergoing maintenance 
therapy receive a split 1/3 dose of treatment.  In this study, during the time of BCG shortage, patients will 
be treated with the recommended split dose therapy.  This will ensure that patients have responded to the 
initial induction therapy prior to receiving the split dose maintenance therapy.   
1.2.1 Clinical safety of Intravesical BCG 
The common adverse events of intravesical BCG included (≥10%):  
1. Dysuria (~ 60%), irritable bladder (~ 60%), urinary frequency (40% to ≤50%), urinary urgency 
(6% to ≤50%), hematuria (26% to 39%), cystitis (6% to 30%), urinary tract infection (2% to 18%);  
2. Malaise (≤40%), chills (9% to 34%), pain (≤17%); 
3. Flu-like symptoms (24% to 33%), Fever (17% to 38%); 
4. Nausea (≤16%), vomiting (≤16%), anorexia (≤11%) 
1.3 PD-L1 Inhibitor on Cancer Therapy 
The pathway of programmed cell death 1 receptor and its ligands (PD-1/PD-L1) in cancer is implicated 
in tumor escaping immune destruction and is a promising therapeutic target [12-14]. The PD-1/PD-L1 
inhibitors have shown promising anti-cancer responses in a variety of cancers and the toxicities were 
generally manageable [15-18]. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved five 
immunotherapy agents for the treatment of metastatic bladder cancer.  Nivolumab and pembrolizumab 


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target PD-1 while avelumab, atezolizumab, and durvalumab are PD-L1 inhibitors.  Both pembrolizumab 
and atezolizumab have been approved for use in patients who are not eligible for platinum-containing 
chemotherapy.  All five agents have approval for second line therapy following treatment with a cisplatin 
based regiment.   A recent phase III study observed objective responses of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors among 
patients with PD-L1–negative cancers, although patients with positive PD-L1 expression may get more 
benefit [19]. The results indicated additional mechanisms involved in the anti-cancer efficacy of PD-L1 
inhibitor.   
In bladder cancer, expression of PD-L1 has been associated with poor prognosis [20]. Immunotherapy 
with antibodies targeting PD-1 or PD-L1 has shown significant clinical activity in patients with metastatic 
urothelial carcinoma [21-24]. Atezolizumab, pembrolizumab and avelumab continue to be tested in 
clinical studies, using systemic administration, for urothelial carcinoma including non-muscle invasive 
bladder cancer.   
1.4 Summary of Avelumab 
Avelumab is a human immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody targeting PD-L1 protein, with 
potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, avelumab 
binds to PD-L1 and prevents the interaction of PD-L1 with its receptor programmed cell death protein 1 
(PD-1). This inhibits the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways. This may restore and 
increase immune function through the activation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) targeted to PD-L1-
overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, avelumab induces an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxic 
(ADCC) response against PD-L1-expressing tumor cells [25].  
1.4.1 Pre-clinical experience with Avelumab  
Pre-clinical studies by in vitro cell culture demonstrated the ADCC activity of avelumab on various human 
tumor cells: 1) avelumab could lyse a range of human tumor cells in the presence of Peripheral blood 
monocytes (PBMC) or nature killer cells (NK); 2) IFNγ and IL12 can enhance avelumab-mediated ADCC 
tumor cell lysis; 3) similar levels of avelumab-mediated ADCC lysis of tumor cells are seen using purified 
NK as effectors from either healthy donors or cancer patients [25]. Similar results were reported by 
Khanna et al showing that the primary mesothelioma cell lines were susceptible to avelumab-mediated 
ADCC in the presence of autologous natural killer cells [26].  
Pre-clinical studies in murine model carrying orthotopic bladder cancer (MB49 cells) observed the 
antitumor effects of avelumab on non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and nonmetastatic urothelial 
carcinomas [27]. MB49(luc) bladder tumors are highly positive for the expression of PD-L1, and systemic 
immunotherapy with avelumab induced significant (P < 0.05) antitumor effects. These antitumor effects 
were more dependent on the presence of CD4 than CD8 T cells, as determined by in vivo immune cell 
depletions. The results from this bladder tumor model has provided the rationale for subsequent clinical 
studies to further identify host antitumor immune mechanisms and evaluate combinations of immune-
based therapies for patients with non-muscle invasive, nonmetastatic urothelial carcinoma [27]  
1.4.2 Clinical experience with Avelumab 
The available clinical safety data of avelumab on approximately 1738 subjects treated with 10 mg/kg 
avelumab Q2W in clinical Trials is summarized in the Avelumab IB. Most of the observed AEs were 
either in line with those expected in subjects with advanced solid tumors or with class effects of MoAb 


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blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 axis. Infusion-related reactions including hypersensitivity reactions and 
immune-mediated adverse reactions have been identified as important risks of avelumab.  
NCT02155647:  In this multicenter, open-label, phase 2 trial, 88 patients with stage IV chemotherapy-
refractory Merkel cell carcinoma (aged ≥18 years) were enrolled and received at least one dose of 
avelumab given intravenously at a dose of 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks [28]. Patients were followed up for a 
median of 10.4 months. The proportion of patients who achieved an objective response was 28 of 88 
patients (31.8%), including eight complete responses and 20 partial responses. Responses were ongoing 
in 23 (82%) of 28 patients at the time of analysis. Five grade 3 treatment-related adverse events occurred 
in four (5%) patients: lymphopenia in two patients, blood creatine phosphokinase increase in one patient, 
aminotransferase increase in one patient, and blood cholesterol increase in one patient; there were no 
treatment-related grade 4 adverse events or treatment-related deaths. Serious treatment-related adverse 
events were reported in five patients (6%): enterocolitis, infusion-related reaction, aminotransferases 
increased, chondrocalcinosis, synovitis, and interstitial nephritis (n=1 each). Investigators concluded that 
avelumab was associated with durable responses and was well tolerated; therefore, avelumab represents a 
new therapeutic option for patients with advanced Merkel cell carcinoma [28]. 
NCT01772004: The phase 1a, dose-escalation trial assessed four doses of avelumab (1 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, 
10 mg/kg, and 20 mg/kg), with dose-level cohort expansions to provide additional safety, 
pharmacokinetics, and target occupancy data [29]. Fifty-three patients were enrolled including four 
patients at 1 mg/kg, 13 at 3 mg/kg, 15 at 10 mg/kg, and 21 at 20 mg/kg. Among 18 patients analyzed in 
the dose-limiting toxicity analysis set, only one dose-limiting toxicity occurred, at the 20 mg/kg dose, and 
thus the maximum tolerated dose was not reached. In all 53 enrolled patients, common treatment-related 
adverse events (occurring in >10% of patients) included fatigue (21 patients [40%]), influenza-like 
symptoms (11 [21%]), fever (8 [15%]), and chills (6 [11%]). Grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse events 
occurred in nine (17%) of 53 patients, with autoimmune disorder (n=3), increased blood creatine 
phosphokinase (n=2), and increased aspartate aminotransferase (n=2) each occurring in more than one 
patient (autoimmune disorder in two patients at 10 mg/kg and one patient at 20 mg/kg, increased blood 
creatine phosphokinase in two patients at 20 mg/kg, and increased aspartate aminotransferase in one 
patient at 1 mg/kg, and one patient at 10 mg/kg). Six (11%) of 53 patients had a serious treatment-related 
adverse event: autoimmune disorder (two [13%]), lower abdominal pain (one [7%]), fatigue (one [7%]), 
and influenza-like illness (one [7%]) in three patients treated at 10 mg/kg dose level, and autoimmune 
disorder (one [5%]), increased amylase (one [5%]), myositis (one [5%]), and dysphonia (one [5%]) in 
three patients who received the 20 mg/kg dose. The clinical activity were observed in various solid tumors, 
with partial confirmed or unconfirmed responses in four (8%) of 53 patients; 30 (57%) additional patients 
had stable disease. Pharmacokinetic analysis (n=86) showed a dose-proportional exposure between doses 
of 3 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg and a half-life of 95-99 h (3·9-4·1 days) at the 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg doses. 
Target occupancy was greater than 90% at doses of 3 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg. Antidrug antibodies were 
detected in two (4%) of 53 patients. No substantial differences were found in absolute lymphocyte count 
or multiple immune cell subsets, including those expressing PD-L1, after treatment with avelumab [29].  
In the multi-center phase Ib dose expansion cohort, investigators assessed the safety and antitumor activity 
of avelumab in patients with refractory metastatic urothelial carcinoma [24]. Patients with urothelial 
carcinoma progressing after platinum-based chemotherapy and unselected for PD-L1 expression received 


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avelumab 10 mg/kg intravenously every 2 weeks. Forty-four patients were treated with avelumab and 
followed for a median of 16.5 months. The most frequent treatment-related adverse events of any grade 
were fatigue/asthenia (31.8%), infusion-related reaction (20.5%), and nausea (11.4%). Grades 3 to 4 
treatment-related adverse events occurred in three patients (6.8%) and included asthenia, AST elevation, 
creatine phosphokinase elevation, and decreased appetite. The confirmed objective response rate by 
independent central review was 18.2%, including five complete responses and three partial responses. 
Seven of eight responding patients had PD-L1-positive tumors. The median progression-free survival was 
11.6 weeks; the median overall survival (OS) was 13.7 months, with a 12-month OS rate of 54.3% (95% 
CI, 37.9% to 68.1%). The results indicated that avelumab was well tolerated and associated with durable 
responses and prolonged survival in patients with refractory metastatic urothelial carcinoma [24]. 
1.5 Rationale for this Study 
Patients with NMIBC are at high risk of tumor recurrence or progression to more advanced disease. BCG 
is the standard of care for intravesical therapy for CIS and non-muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma. 
Unfortunately, the tumor response to BCG-based immunotherapy is heterogeneous.   Potential treatment 
failures may be due to inhibitory immune receptors and their ligands like PD-1/PD-L1.  The overall 
prognosis for many patients with NMIBC is poor with radical cystectomy as an alternative treatment and 
this disease carries a high unmet medical need. Avelumab is a fully human IgG1 MAb targeting PD-L1, 
which differs from other checkpoint-blocking antibodies in its ability to mediate antibody-dependent cell-
mediated cytotoxicity. Pre-clinical studies in murine model carrying bladder cancer (MB49 cells) 
demonstrated the antitumor effects of avelumab on non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and nonmetastatic 
urothelial carcinomas [27]. The antitumor effects were more dependent on the presence of CD4 than CD8 
T cells; combination treatment of avelumab and intravesical BCG could increase numbers of CD4 and 
CD8 T cells within the tumor mass [27]. Clinical studies found that avelumab was well tolerated and 
associated with durable responses and prolonged survival in patients with refractory metastatic urothelial 
carcinoma [24]. We hypothesize that systemic immunotherapy with avelumab combined with BCG 
intravesical therapy may increase tumor response, reduce tumor recurrence, and prolong disease-free 
survival in patients with NMIBC. 
1.5.1 Rationale for potential dose de-escalation    
As described in section 1.2.1, there are concerns related to adverse events of intravesical BCG, including 
bladder irritation /infection and systemic BCG reactions such as fever and flu-like symptoms. These 
symptoms may prevent a patient from receiving a full induction course of BCG, as defined as at least 5 of 
6 weekly instillations of BCG.  Patients who cannot tolerate a full course of BCG are considered BCG 
intolerant.   The addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors to BCG therapy may result in an increase of 
BCG intolerance and prevent patients from receiving a full induction course of BCG.  To evaluate the 
safety and feasibility of intravesical BCG in combination with avelumab and to ensure patients tolerate a 
complete induction course of BCG (at least 5 of 6 instillations), a safety lead-in will be conducted prior to 
dose expansion study.  
1.5.2 Rationale for correlative study 
Previous studies reported that large amounts of functional T-cells could be detected in urine of  patients 
with NMIBC who were treated with weekly intravesical BCG [30]. Pre-clinical studies in mice model 


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showed that avelumab monotherapy was highly effective in reducing the growth of bladder tumors in 
immune intact mice; combination of avelumab and intravesical BCG could increase numbers of CD4 and 
CD8 T cells within the bladder tumor mass [27]. Moreover, flow cytometry can be used to identify cellular 
immune reaction in urine of patients with superficial bladder cancer after intravesical BCG treatment [31]. 
In this study, immune function in blood and immune response in urine will be evaluated by a multiplexed 
immunoassay to identify potential biomarkers for immune response that may predict response to therapy. 
2 STUDY OBJECTIVES AND ENDPOINTS 
This study will evaluate the safety, feasibility and preliminary anti-tumor activity of a novel weekly dosing 
of avelumab in combination with standard intravesical Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) in patients with 
NMIBC who are eligible for induction BCG.   
2.1 Objectives 
2.1.1 Primary Objective  
• To evaluate the safety and tolerability of combination induction therapy with BCG + avelumab as 
defined as the ability to complete a full induction course (at least 5 of 6 treatments of BCG + 
avelumab within eight weeks of starting treatment).    
2.1.2 Secondary Objectives 
• To evaluate the feasibility and tolerability of combination therapy with BCG + avelumab as 
measured by the endpoint of 6 month treatment completion rate based on patients completion of  
at least 2 of 3 treatments within a 5 week period at the 6 Month maintenance treatment.   
• To evaluate 3-month complete response (CR) rate, 6-month CR rate, recurrence free survival 
(RFS), cystectomy-free survival (CFS), and overall survival. 
2.1.3 Patient-reported Outcome Objective 
• To evaluate impact of combination therapy with BCG + avelumab on quality of life in patients 
with NMIBC.   
2.1.4 Exploratory Objective  
• To identify potential biomarkers that would associate with tumor response from the combination 
of avelumab and intravesical BCG.  
2.2 Study Endpoints 
2.2.1 Primary endpoints  
• Completion of induction therapy with combined BCG + avelumab as defined as freedom from  
unacceptable toxicities preventing completion of at least 5 of 6 treatments of BCG + avelumab 
within 8 weeks.    
2.2.2 Secondary Endpoints 
• 6 Month maintenance treatment completion as defined as completion of at least 2 of 3 maintenance 
treatments within a 5-week period without unacceptable toxicities or disease progression. Disease 
status will be evaluated based on cystoscopy and urine cytology prior to maintenance therapy. 


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Patients with persistent or recurrent high-grade disease at 6 Month cystoscopy will be taken off 
treatment.  Low-grade recurrence will be tolerated without treatment interruption.  
• 3-month and 6-month complete response (CR) based on negative cystoscopy and urine cytology.  
• Recurrence free survival (RFS) at 6 and 12 months, defined as proportion of patients who are alive 
and free of persistent or recurrent NMIBC based on cystoscopy, cytology and/or biopsy.  
• Progression-free survival (PFS) at 6 and 12 months, as defined by time from day of first treatment 
to first progression to higher grade or stage, including muscle-invasive disease or death from any 
cause   
• Cystectomy-free survival (CFS), defined as time from study initiation to cystectomy or death 
• Overall survival, defined as time from day of first treatment to death from any cause  
2.2.3 Exploratory endpoints  
• To obtain preliminary data of potential biomarkers that would associate with tumor response from 
the combination of avelumab and intravesical BCG.  
• Avelumab combined with intravesical BCG will improve quality of life in patients with NMIBC.   
3 STUDY POPULATION 
Target population: Male or female patients must be 18 years of age or older before the screening visit to 
be enrolled in the study. Patients must have histologic or cytological diagnosis of Non-muscle Invasive 
Bladder Cancer (NMIBC), and the cancer is BCG-treated but unresponsive (recurrent or persistent). 
Patients must have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 to 2 and 
adequate clinical laboratory values.  
The following eligibility criteria are designed to select patients; all relevant medical and nonmedical 
conditions should be taken into consideration to decide if a particular patient is suitable for this protocol 
3.1 Inclusion Criteria 
1. Histologically or cytologically documented Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC).  
2. Patient with BCG-treated but unresponsive NMIBC (persistent or recurrent defined as tumor lesion 
present after prior response). 
3. An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status score of 0 to 2. 
4. Patients who are able to understand and sign the informed consent form. 
5. Age ≥ 18 years old 
6. Ability to comply with protocol 
7. Life expectancy >/=12 weeks 
8. Adequate hematologic and end-organ function 
• ANC ≥ 1500/μL (without granulocyte colony-stimulating factor support within 2 weeks prior 
to the first dose of study treatment) 
• Platelet count ≥ 100,000/μL (without transfusion within 2 weeks prior to the first dose of study 
treatment) 
• Hemoglobin ≥ 9.0 g/dL; Patients may be transfused or receive erythropoietic treatment, at least 
7 days prior to the first dose of study treatment, to meet this criterion. 


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• AST and ALT ≤ 2.5 × ULN. 
• Serum bilirubin ≤ 1.5 × ULN; Patients with known Gilbert disease who have serum bilirubin 
level ≤ 3 × ULN may be enrolled. 
• INR and aPTT ≤ 1.5 × ULN; this applies only to patients who are not receiving therapeutic 
anticoagulation; patients receiving therapeutic anticoagulation should be on a stable dose. 
• Creatinine clearance >/=30 milliliters per minute (mL/min) (calculated using the Cockcroft-
Gault formula) 
9. For women of childbearing potential: Negative serum or urine pregnancy test at screening. 
10. For both male and female subjects:  agreement to remain abstinent (refrain from heterosexual 
intercourse) or use highly effective contraceptive methods that result in a failure rate of <1% per 
year during the treatment period and for at least 30 days after the last dose of study drug 
3.2 Exclusion Criteria 
Patients who meet any of the following criteria will be excluded from study entry. 
1. Evidence of locally advanced or metastatic bladder cancer (including current disease involving 
renal pelvis, ureter, or prostatic urethra). 
2. Evidence of muscle-invasive bladder cancer 
3. Evidence of extravesical bladder cancer 
4. Active central nervous system (CNS) metastases. 
5. Prior treatment with PD-L1 or PD-1 inhibitor. 
6. Prior radiation to bladder 
7. Patient has a known additional malignancy that required active treatment within the last 2 years. 
Exceptions include basal cell carcinoma of the skin or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. 
8. Patient is considered a poor medical risk that would interfere with cooperation with the 
requirements of the study. 
9. Patient has a condition or laboratory abnormality that might confound the study results, or interfere 
with the patient’s participation for the full duration of the study treatment. 
10. Patient has not recovered (i.e, to ≤Grade 1 or to baseline) from previous intravesical BCG or other 
anti-cancer therapy induced AEs. 
• alopecia, sensory neuropathy Grade  ≤ 2, or other Grade  ≤ 2 not constituting a safety risk based 
on investigator’s judgment are acceptable 
11. Treatment with any approved anti-cancer therapy, including chemotherapy (systemic or 
intravesical), radiation therapy, or hormonal therapy within 3 weeks prior to the first dose of study 
treatment 
• Use of hormone-replacement therapy and oral contraceptives is permitted. 
12. Treatment with any other investigational agent or participation in another clinical study with 
therapeutic intent within 4 weeks prior to the first dose of study treatment 
13. Pregnant or lactating, or intending to become pregnant during the study 
• Women who are not postmenopausal (≥ 12 months of non−therapy-induced amenorrhea) or 
surgically sterile must have a negative serum pregnancy test result within 14 days prior to the 
first dose of study treatment. 


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13 
 
 
14. History of severe allergic, anaphylactic, or other hypersensitivity reactions to chimeric or 
humanized antibodies or fusion proteins 
15. Known hypersensitivity to biopharmaceuticals produced in Chinese hamster ovary cells 
16. Allergy or hypersensitivity to components of the avelumab formulation 
17. History of autoimmune disease, including but not limited to myasthenia gravis, myositis, 
autoimmune hepatitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel 
disease, vascular thrombosis associated with anti-phospholipid syndrome, Wegener’s 
granulomatosis, Sjögren’s syndrome, Guillain-Barré syndrome, multiple sclerosis, vasculitis, or 
glomerulonephritis 
• Patients with medically controlled endocrinopathy (e.g., hypothyroidism, adrenal 
insufficiency), diabetes type I, vitiligo, psoriasis, or hypo- or hyperthyroid diseases not 
requiring immunosuppressive treatment are eligible 
18. Prior allogeneic stem cell or solid organ transplantation 
19. Current use of immunosuppressive medication, EXCEPT for the following: a. intranasal, inhaled, 
topical steroids, or local steroid injection (e.g., intra-articular injection); b. Systemic 
corticosteroids at physiologic doses ≤ 10 mg/day of prednisone or equivalent; c. Steroids as 
premedication for hypersensitivity reactions (e.g., CT scan premedication). 
20. History of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, organizing pneumonia (e.g., bronchiolitis obliterans), 
drug-induced pneumonitis, idiopathic pneumonitis, or evidence of active pneumonitis on screening 
chest CT scan  
• History of radiation pneumonitis in the radiation field (fibrosis) is permitted. 
21. Positive test for HIV  
22. Active hepatitis B (positive hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg] test at screening);  
• Patients with past or resolved hepatitis B (HBV) infection (positive anti-hepatitis B core 
antigen [anti-HBc] antibody test) are eligible. HBV DNA must be obtained in these patients 
prior to the first dose of study treatment. 
23. Active hepatitis C 
• Patients positive for hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody are eligible only if polymerase chain 
reaction assay is negative for HCV RNA. 
24. Active infection requiring systemic therapy  
25. Severe infections within 4 weeks prior to the first dose of study treatment, including but not limited 
to hospitalization for complications of infection, bacteremia, or severe pneumonia 
26. Significant cardiovascular disease, such as cerebral vascular accident/stroke (< 6 months prior to 
enrollment), New York Heart Association cardiac disease (Class II or greater), myocardial 
infarction within the previous 6 months, unstable arrhythmias, or unstable angina 
27. Administration of a live/attenuated vaccine within 4 weeks prior to the first dose of study 
treatment, within 5 months following the administration of the last dose of study drug, or 
anticipation that such a live/attenuated vaccine will be required during the study 
28. Other severe acute or chronic medical conditions including  immune colitis, inflammatory bowel 
disease,  immune pneumonitis, pulmonary fibrosis or psychiatric conditions including recent 
(within the past year) or active suicidal ideation or behavior; or laboratory abnormalities that may 
increase the risk associated with study participation or study treatment administration or may 


Version 5.0 (11-May-2021) 
14 
 
 
interfere with the interpretation of study results and, in the judgment of the investigator, would 
make the patient inappropriate for entry into this study. 
4 PATIENTS REGISTRATION 
4.1 Required Protocol Specific Regulatory Documents   
This protocol, the Informed Consent document, any information to be given to the patient, and relevant 
supporting information must be submitted to the IRB by the Principal Investigator and reviewed and 
approved by the IRB before the study is initiated.  
4.2 Patients Registration and Enrollment 
Patients must have signed and dated all applicable consents and authorization forms to be registered in the 
Velos eResearch database system, which is sponsored by The University of Oklahoma Stephenson Cancer 
Center (OU-SCC). 
A Screening identification (Screening ID) number will be provided by OU-SCC research staff. After all 
screening procedures and assessments have been completed and eligibility has been established, the 
subject Study ID number will be generated by OU-SCC. Once the patient has been provided a Study ID 
number, only the Study ID number should be used. Both patient ID numbers should be documented in 
Velos. 
Patients must not start protocol treatment prior to registration and enrollment. A patient will start protocol 
treatment only after the pre-treatment evaluation is complete and eligibility criteria have been met. 
NOTE: Per the Institutional Review Board (IRB) reporting, a patient is considered accrued once he 
or she signs a consent form for the study. A patient is considered enrolled once the patient begins 
treatment. Evaluable patients are defined in protocol Section 8.2.1.  
5 STUDY DESIGN 
5.1 Study Timeline 
Study timeline is summarized in Figure 1 Schema. 
Figure 1 Schema 
 


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15 
 
 
5.2 Overall Study Design 
This is an open-label phase Ib trial of avelumab and intravesical BCG in patients with NMIBC. The study 
will utilize a modified 3+3 design for potential dose de-escalation in case of patients cannot tolerate to a 
full dose intravesical BCG. In order to adequately assess safety data at the conclusion of this combination 
therapy, 3~6 patients will be enrolled at starting dose level (dose level 1). Dose limiting toxicity will be 
based on the first 6 weeks of proposed study treatment. If 0/3 patients experience a DLT, dose expansion 
cohort will be activated for additional 15 patients. If 1/3 patients experiences a DLT, the dose level 1 will 
be expanded to 3 more patients. If 1/6 patients experiences a DLT, the dose expansion cohort will be 
activated for additional 12 patients. If 2 or more of the 6 patients experience a DLT, the dose level -1 will 
be evaluated. 
At the dose level 1, 3~6 patients will be enrolled to evaluate the safety of proposed combination therapy 
with standard BCG dosing (50 mg) plus avelumab (10 mg/kg, IV weekly during BCG and every two 
weeks between BCG).  The ability of patients to receive a complete induction course of combination 
therapy is defined as 5 of 6 weekly treatments of BCG with weekly infusion of avelumab within an 8 week 
period.  Patients will continue maintenance therapy if they tolerate the induction course.  Eligible patients 
will receive avelumab 10 mg/kg, IV weekly dosing plus intravesical BCG 50 mg weekly, 6 weeks on, 
then 6 weeks off during induction and will continue on a standard maintenance regimen with combination 
therapy for 1 year.  Maintenance therapy beyond 1 year will be at the discretion of the treating physician 
and will be BCG monotherapy.   
The dose limiting toxicity (DLT) period is weeks 1-6 (42 days). If the combination therapy in dose level 
1 is well tolerated (0/3 or 1/6 patients experience a DLT), additional 12~15 patients with the same 
eligibility criteria will be enrolled at dose level 1 for a total of 18 patients in a dose expansion study. If the 
combination therapy in dose level 1 is not tolerated (2 or more patients experience a DLT), dose level -1 
(avelumab 10mg/kg and BCG 33mg) will be evaluated in 3~6 eligible patients. If the combination therapy 
in dose level -1 is well tolerated (0/3 or 1/6 patients experience a DLT), additional 12~15 patients with 
the same eligibility criteria will be enrolled at dose level -1 for a dose expansion study. If the combination 
therapy in Cohort -1 is not tolerated (2 or more patients experience a DLT), the study will be suspended 
for reassessment.  
5.2.1 Definition of Dose limiting toxicity 
During safety lead-in phase, Dose limiting toxicity (DLT) will be monitored during the first 6 weeks of 
the combination avelumab and intravesical BCG. DLTs will be defined as any and all adverse events at 
least possibly related to study drug which occur in the DLT evaluation period and meet the criteria below, 
as evaluated by the NCI-CTCAE version 5.0.  
Note: DLTs and other toxicities will be discussed between the Principal Investigator, and the Data Safety 
Monitoring Committee (DSMC). The discussions are the basis for the decisions regarding dose expansion 
(or de-escalation) according to the rules of the protocol. 
DLT will be classified as either hematologic or non-hematologic toxicity (assessed in accordance with the 
CTCAE Version 5.0 criteria). 
The following are DLTs: 


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16 
 
 
1. Toxicity causing greater than 2 weeks of dose delay. For example, if a subject has dose delay 
greater than 2 weeks due to an AE, such AE is a DLT. 
2. Grade 4 neutropenia greater than 5 days. 
3. ALT/AST > 3x ULN with bilirubin > 2x ULN without another explanation (e.g., cholestasis) 
4. Any Grade 3 hypersensitivity reaction is a DLT 
5. Grade 4 thrombocytopenia of any duration 
6. Grade 3 thrombocytopenia with significant hemorrhage of any duration 
7. Febrile neutropenia 
And, any non-hematological Grade ≥ 3 toxicities will be a DLT. 
The following may be considered as exceptions to DLTs: 
1. Grade 3 nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea and Grade 4 vomiting or diarrhea in the absence of maximal 
medical therapy that resolves in 72 hours 
2. Grade 3 fatigue lasting < 5 days 
3. Grade 3 hypertension that can be controlled with medical therapy 
4. An increase of indirect (unconjugated) bilirubin indicative of Gilbert’s syndrome 
5. Serum lipase and/or serum amylase CTCAE Grade 3 ≤ 7 consecutive days without clinical signs 
or symptoms of pancreatitis 
5.2.1.1 Definition of DLT Evaluable Population: 
Patients enrolled in safety lead-in cohort who receive at least 4 doses and complete the DLT observation 
period (the first 42 days of induction treatment), unless the patient discontinued the study treatment due 
to a DLT. 
5.3 Rationale for Avelumab Dose and Schedule 
In this clinical trial, the avelumab dose will be 10 mg/kg administered as 1-hour IV infusions, once every 
week during BCG and once every two weeks between BCG. Avelumab IV 10 mg/kg Q2W is the 
recommended dosing regimen and has been administered to a total of 1738 patients in dose expansion 
phase of the Study EMR100070-001 (see BAVENCIO
® (avelumab) U.S. Package Insert and avelumab IB 
for details). One additional dose regimen, 10 mg/kg once a week for 12 weeks followed by 10 mg/kg once 
every 2 weeks, is also being investigated in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Preliminary 
data from the 1L NSCLC cohort of EMR100070-001 showed that approximately 80% of reported 
responses occurred within 12 weeks of treatment initiation, and the majority of responses appeared to be 
durable. It is not expected that the exposure at 10 mg/kg once every week would substantially impact the 
manageable safety profile currently observed with 10 mg/kg once every 2 weeks dosing (See avelumab 
IB for details).  
5.4 Rationale for Avelumab and Intravesical BCG combination 
See section 1.5. 


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17 
 
 
6 TREATMENT PLAN 
6.1 Treatment Dose and Schedule 
Patients enrolled in this study will receive combination treatment of IV avelumab and intravesical BCG. 
The dose level and patient number in each cohort are summarized in Table 1.  
Table 1 Dose levels for safety lead-in and expansion cohorts 
Dose Level 
Number of 
Patients 
Avelumab 
Intravesical BCG 
-1 
(reduced 
dose) 
6 
10 mg/kg, IV, once a 
week, 
during 
BCG.  
10mg/kg, IV, every other 
week between BCG  
Induction (cycle 1):  BCG 33 mg, 
intravesical, weekly x 6 doses (weeks 1-6);  
Maintenance (Month 3, 6, 12): BCG 33 
mg, intravesical, weekly x 3 doses. 
1 
(starting 
dose) 
 
6-  
10 mg/kg, IV, once a 
week, 
during 
BCG.  
10mg/kg, IV, every other 
week between BCG 
Induction (cycle 1):  BCG 50 mg, 
intravesical, weekly x 6 doses (weeks 1-6);  
Maintenance (Month 3, 6, 12): BCG 50 
mg, intravesical, weekly x 3 doses.* 
Final dose 
12 (total of 
18 patients 
at final 
dose) 
10 mg/kg, IV, once a 
week, 
during 
BCG.  
10mg/kg, IV, every other 
week between BCG 
Induction (cycle 1):  BCG 50 mg (or 33 
mg), intravesical, weekly x 6 doses;  
Maintenance (Month 3, 6, 12): BCG 50 
mg (or 33 mg), intravesical, weekly x 3 
doses.  
One cycle=12 weeks (84 days).  
*During periods of BCG shortage, split dose maintenance therapy (1/2-1/3) can be used at the PI 
discretion until sufficient BCG supplies are obtained.  
 
Dose interruption may be allowed for up to 3 weeks (21 days) for intra-vesical-BCG or 12 weeks for 
avelumab treatment related grade 3-4 adverse events. 
Cystoscopy will be performed at screening, and in months 3, 6, 9 and 12 as standard of cancer care (SOC).   
6.2 Drug Formulation, Packaging and Handling 
6.2.1 Avelumab 
Avelumab will be supplied by EMD Serono, Inc. Drug supplies will be shipped in transport cool containers 
(2°C to 8°C) to the study sites with a Drug Shipment and Proof of Receipt form. This form will be 
completed, filed, and the shipment confirmed as directed on the bottom of the Drug Shipment and Proof 
of Receipt form. The Investigator shall take responsibility for and shall take all steps to maintain 


Version 5.0 (11-May-2021) 
18 
 
 
appropriate records and ensure appropriate supply, storage, handling, distribution, and usage of 
investigational products in accordance with the protocol and any applicable laws and regulations.  
Avelumab is a fully human antibody of the IgG1 isotype that specifically targets and blocks the ligand 
(PD-L1) for PD-1. Avelumab drug product is a sterile, clear, and colorless concentrate solution intended 
for IV administration. It is presented at a concentration of 20 mg/mL with a nominal volume of 10 mL in 
glass vials closed with a rubber stopper and sealed with an aluminum polypropylene flip-off seal. Each 
vial is intended for single-use only and contains 200 mg of avelumab as a preservative-free acetate-
buffered solution (pH 5.2) containing Mannitol, and Polysorbate 20.  
Avelumab drug product must be stored at 2°C to 8°C until use. The storage condition is based on data 
from ongoing long-term stability studies with avelumab. 
6.2.2 Bacille Calmette-Guérin 
BCG for intravesical use is an attenuated, live culture preparation of the BCG strain of Mycobacterium 
bovis. BCG is commercially available and will be paid for by patients’ medical insurance 
(https://www.fda.gov/downloads/BiologicsBloodVaccines/Vaccines/ApprovedProducts/UCM163039.pd
f ). The freeze-dried BCG preparation is delivered in glass vials, each containing 1 to 8 × 108 CFU of 
BCG, which is equivalent to approximately 50 mg wet weight. No preservatives have been added. For 
detailed information on the formulation and handling of BCG, refer to BCG package insert. 
6.3 Drug Preparation and Administration 
Informed consent must be signed and all eligibility criteria must be met and documented before protocol 
therapy administration. The protocol therapy will be administered only to eligible subjects under the 
supervision of the Investigator or identified Sub-investigator(s). 
6.3.1 Avelumab  
Avelumab will be administered by IV 10 mg/kg over approximately 1 hour at the following schedule: 
Induction phase:  
• once weekly while receiving BCG treatment   
• once every 2 weeks after BCG treatment is completed  
Maintenance phase: 
• Once weekly during BCG 
• Once every 2 weeks after completion of BCG 
One cycle = 12 weeks (84 days). A standard maintenance therapy regimen will be provided with BCG 
occurring at Month 3, 6, and 12.  Avelumab treatment ends at the conclusion of Month 12 maintenance 
therapy.  In both the induction and maintenance phases, no avelumab will be administered the week 
following BCG therapy completion.  The subsequent every two week avelumab dosing will begin 
following this one week period.   
For administration in clinical trials, avelumab drug product must be diluted with 0.9% saline solution 
(sodium chloride injection) supplied in an infusion bag; alternatively, a 0.45% saline solution can be used 
if needed. The verified avelumab concentration range in the infusion solution is 0.016 mg/mL to 8 mg/mL.  


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19 
 
 
The investigator and team should make every effort to target infusion timing to be as close to 1 hour as 
possible. However, given the variability of infusion pumps from site to site, time windows of -10 minutes 
and +20 minutes are permitted (i.e., 50−80 minutes). The exact duration of infusion should be recorded in 
both source documents and CRFs. 
In case prepared dosing solution cannot be administered immediately after preparation, the acceptable 
holding time is: no more than 4 hours at room temperature (15-25°C, 59-77°F), including infusion time, 
or no more than 24 hours under refrigerated conditions (2-8°C, 36-46°F), including infusion time.  
If stored under refrigerated conditions, allow each bag to equilibrate to room temperature (15-25°C,  
59-77°F), preferably for one hour before administration.  
Premedication with an antihistamine and with acetaminophen (for example, 25 – 50 mg diphenhydramine 
and 500 – 650 mg acetaminophen IV or oral equivalent) approximately 30 to 60 minutes before each dose 
of avelumab is mandatory. This regimen may be modified based on local treatment standards and 
guidelines as appropriate provided it does not include systemic corticosteroids.   
During the treatment between BCG, avelumab may be administered up to 2 days before or after each 
scheduled treatment day for administrative reasons, except for day 1 of BCG induction phase and C1D1 
of BCG maintenance phase. 
6.3.1.1 Special Precautions for Avelumab Administration 
As with all monoclonal antibody therapies, there is a risk of allergic reactions including anaphylactic 
shock. Avelumab should be administered in a setting that allows for immediate access to an intensive care 
unit or equivalent environment and administration of therapy for anaphylaxis, such as the ability to 
implement immediate resuscitation measures. Steroids (dexamethasone 10 mg), epinephrine (1:1,000 
dilution), allergy medications (IV antihistamines), bronchodilators, or equivalents, and oxygen should be 
available for immediate access. 
In order to mitigate infusion-related reactions, patients have to be premedicated with an antihistamine and 
with paracetamol (acetaminophen) prior to the first 4 infusions of avelumab. Premedication should be 
administered for subsequent avelumab doses based upon clinical judgment and presence/severity of prior 
infusion reactions. Following avelumab infusions, patients must be observed for 30 minutes post infusion 
for potential infusion related reactions. 
Infusion of avelumab will be stopped in case of Grade ≥2 infusion-related, allergic, or anaphylactic 
reactions. If an infusion/allergic reaction occurs, the patient must be treated according to the best available 
medical practice. Patients should be instructed to report any delayed reactions to the Investigator 
immediately. 
6.3.2 Intravesical BCG  
During BCG Induction Course (12 weeks), patients will receive BCG at the assigned dose weekly for a 
total of six doses. During the BCG Maintenance Course, patients receive BCG at the assigned dose weekly 
for a total of three doses per cycle at Months 3, 6, and 12.  Patients with persistent disease at the Month 3 
cystoscopy can undergo an additional repeat induction course of BCG + avelumab, providing no disease 
progression.  Primary outcome remains completion of maintenance at 6 Month from trial initiation.     
 


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Induction phase (cycle 1):   
• Once weekly for up to six doses 
Maintenance phase (Month 3, 6, and 12): 
• Once weekly for 3 doses per cycle 
Locally sourced commercial stock of BCG should be used. A single dose consists of one reconstituted 
vial. For intravesical use, the entire vial is reconstituted with sterile saline. BCG is viable upon 
reconstitution. Refer to the package insert for detailed preparation instructions and stability data.  During 
times of BCG shortage, split dose maintenance therapy (1/2-1/3) will be permitted at PI discretion.   
Patients should minimize fluid intake before treatment with BCG. Additionally, complete bladder 
drainage should occur via catheter drainage placed immediately prior to BCG administration. 
Premedication for BCG therapy to ensure adequate instillation is acceptable. 
Instill BCG (intravesical) by gravity; retain for as long as possible, according to local treatment protocols. 
Following bladder instillation, patients should be instructed to void in a seated position in order to avoid 
the splashing of urine; burning may occur with the first void following therapy. Prior to flushing, disinfect 
the urine for 15 minutes with an equal amount of household bleach (this should be done for the first 6 
hours after therapy). After administration, patients should drink plenty of water in order to flush the 
bladder. 
6.4 Dose Modification or Discontinuation 
Study treatment dosing interruptions are permitted in the case of medical / surgical events or logistical 
reasons not related to study therapy (eg, surgery, unrelated medical events, patient vacation, and/or 
holidays). Patients should be placed back on study therapy within 3 weeks of the scheduled interruption 
for intravesical-BCG or 12 weeks for avelumab, unless otherwise discussed with the Principal 
Investigator. 
Toxicity and grades will be classified using the NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events 
(CTCAE) version 5.0. A copy of the CTCAE version 5.0 can be downloaded from the CTEP website 
(https://ctep.cancer.gov/protocolDevelopment/electronic_applications/docs/CTCAE_v5_Quick_Referen
ce_5x7.pdf ). Safety plan for this study is described in sections 6.4.1, 6.4.2, and section 9.  
Interruption of intravesical-BCG does not preclude continuation of avelumab and vice versa. For instance, 
if an AE is attributed to intravesical-BCG during the study treatment, then avelumab will be continued 
while the BCG held. While BCG is held, the patient will continue to receive avelumab, be monitored for 
safety, and will resume intravesical-BCG within 3 weeks if the toxicity resolves. If the AE is immune 
related and attributed to avelumab; then BCG will be continued while the avelumab is held.  
In case treatment interruption for one of the investigational drugs (avelumab or BCG) is required for drug-
related toxicity, the dose of the other drug may also be interrupted based on the guidance provided for 
toxicity management, product labeling, and institutional guidelines according to investigator’s best 
medical judgement. 
Note: If the patient does not receive 5 doses of scheduled 6 doses of BCG within eight weeks at the time 
of induction, then the patient is considered treatment failure. 


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21 
 
 
6.4.1 Avelumab Dose Interruption and Toxicity Management 
There will be no dose reduction for avelumab in this study. Every effort should be made to administer the 
investigational products at the planned dose and schedule, but the next infusion may be omitted or delayed 
based on treatment related toxicity. 
Avelumab treatment may be delayed in the event of significant toxicity that is considered related to the 
study treatment. In the event of multiple toxicities, dose delays should be based on the worst toxicity 
observed. Patients are to be instructed to notify Investigators at the first occurrence of any adverse 
symptom. In addition to dose delays, investigators are encouraged to employ best supportive care 
according to local institutional clinical practices and according to the guidance for selected adverse events 
provided below. Avelumab dosing may be interrupted up to 12 weeks. Recommended avelumab treatment 
delays in case of avelumab drug-related toxicity are shown in Table 2,  
Table 3, and Table 4.  
Methods such as interruption to improve patient’s AE symptoms at low CTCAE Grade is allowed at the 
Principal Investigator’s discretion once the DLT period has completed. 
Table 2 Dose interruption for avelumab-related toxicities 
Toxicity 
NCI 
CTCAE 
Grade 
Avelumab dose modification 
General Toxicity Management 
(other than infusion-related 
reaction/ hypersensitivity and 
irAEs) 
Grade 1-2 
Continue as per schedule. 
Grade 3 
1. Withhold avelumab until recovery to Grade ≤1. 
2. Permanently discontinue avelumab if toxicity does 
not resolve to Grade ≤1 within 12 weeks of last 
administration or upon recurrence of the same Grade 
3 toxicity except for laboratory values out of normal 
range that do not have any clinical correlate. 
Grade 4  
Permanently 
discontinue 
avelumab 
except 
for 
laboratory values out of normal range that do not have 
any clinical correlate. 
Infusion-related Reaction 
Grade 1-4 
See  
Table 3 
Hypersensitivity reactions 
Grade 3-4 
See sections 6.3.1.1 and 6.4.1.1 
Immune-related AE (irAE) 
Grade 1-4 
See section 6.4.1.2 and Table 4 
 


Version 5.0 (11-May-2021) 
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Table 3 Treatment Modification for Symptoms of Avelumab Infusion-Related Reactions 
NCI CTCAE Grade 
Treatment Modifications 
Grade 1  
Mild transient reaction; infusion interruption not 
indicated; intervention not indicated. 
Decrease avelumab infusion rate by 50% and 
monitor closely for any worsening. 
Grade 2  
Therapy or infusion interruption indicated but 
responds promptly to symptomatic treatment (eg, 
antihistamines, NSAIDs, narcotics, IV fluids); 
prophylactic medications indicated for ≤24 hours. 
• Stop avelumab infusion. 
• Resume infusion at 50% of previous rate* as 
soon as infusion-related reaction has resolved 
or decreased to at least Grade 1 in severity, and 
monitor closely for any recurrence or 
worsening. 
Grade 3 or Grade 4 – severe or life-threatening 
Grade 3: Prolonged (eg, not rapidly responsive to 
symptomatic medication and/or brief interruption 
of infusion); recurrence of symptoms following 
initial improvement; hospitalization indicated for 
clinical sequelae. 
Grade 4: Life-threatening consequences; urgent 
intervention indicated. 
• Stop avelumab infusion immediately and 
disconnect bag infusion tubing from the 
patient. 
• Avelumab treatment must be permanently 
discontinued. 
*If avelumab infusion rate has been decreased by 50% due to an infusion reaction, it must remain 
decreased for the next scheduled infusion. If no infusion reaction is observed at the next scheduled 
infusion, the infusion rate may be returned to baseline at subsequent infusions.  
In the event of a Grade 2 infusion-related reaction that does not improve or worsens after 
implementation of the modifications, the Investigator may consider treatment with corticosteroids, and 
the infusion should not be resumed for that cycle. At the next cycle, the Investigator may consider the 
addition of H2-blocker antihistamines (eg, famotidine or ranitidine), meperidine, or ibuprofen to the 
mandatory premedication. 
 
6.4.1.1 Management of Avelumab-related Severe Hypersensitivity Reactions and Flu-like 
Symptoms 
Many mAb therapies can induce flu-like symptoms and hypersensitivity reactions, including impaired 
airway, decreased oxygen saturation (<92%), confusion, lethargy, hypotension, pale/clammy skin, and 
cyanosis. 
Avelumab should be administered in a setting that allows for immediate access to an intensive care unit 
or equivalent environment if required. Patient should be placed on monitor immediately and epinephrine 
injection and dexamethasone infusion should be available for immediate access. 


Version 5.0 (11-May-2021) 
23 
 
 
For prophylaxis of flu-like symptoms, 25 mg indomethacin or comparable nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory 
drugs (NSAID) dose (eg, ibuprofen 600 mg, naproxen sodium 500 mg) may be administered at 
Investigator discretion 2 hours before and 8 hours after the start of each dose of avelumab IV infusion. 
Alternative treatments for fever (eg, paracetamol or ibuprofen) and rigors (eg, meperidine) may be given 
to patients at the discretion of the Investigator. 
6.4.1.2 Management of Avelumab Immune-Related Adverse Events 
Because inhibition of PD-L1 stimulates the immune system, avelumab may cause toxicity by increasing 
the immune response, leading to inflammatory reactions collectively referred to as immune-related 
adverse events (irAEs). 
Immune-related adverse events described with this class of drugs include pneumonitis, colitis, hepatitis, 
endocrinopathies including thyroid disorders (hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis), adrenal 
insufficiency, rash, nephritis and renal dysfunction, eye disorders (including uveitis, iritis), and other 
immune-mediated reactions including myositis and myocarditis. 
Any AE which may have an underlying immune-mediated mechanism including those described above, 
and without other clear etiologies, should be considered immune-related and managed according to 
guidelines described in this section. 
If a patient has an AE that may be considered immune mediated, treatment for the AE should be 
administered as if the patient is receiving avelumab. 
Treatment of irAEs is mainly dependent upon severity (NCI CTCAE grade): 
• Grade 1 or 2: treat symptomatically or with moderate-dose steroids, more frequent monitoring; 
• Grade 1 or 2 (persistent): manage similar to high grade AE (Grade 3 to 4); 
• Grade 3 or 4: treat with high-dose corticosteroids. 
Treatment of irAEs should follow guidelines set forth in Table 4. 
Table 4 Management of Avelumab Immune-Related Adverse Events– to be followed only when 
the Adverse Event is deemed immune related 
Gastrointestinal irAEs 
Severity of Diarrhea/Colitis 
(NCI CTCAE v4) 
Initial management 
Follow-up management 
Grade 1 
Diarrhea: <4 stools/day over 
baseline; 
Colitis: asymptomatic 
Continue avelumab  
Symptomatic treatment (eg, 
loperamide) 
Close monitoring for worsening 
Symptoms. 
Educate patient to report worsening 
immediately 
If worsens: 
Treat as Grade 2 or 3 or 4 
Grade 2 
Diarrhea: 4 to 6 stools per day 
over 
baseline; 
IV 
fluids 
Withhold avelumab therapy 
Symptomatic treatment 
If improves to Grade 1: 
Resume avelumab therapy. 


Version 5.0 (11-May-2021) 
24 
 
 
indicated 
<24 
hours; 
not 
interfering with ADL 
Colitis: abdominal pain; blood in 
stool 
 
If persists >5-7 days or recur: 
Treat as Grade 3 to 4.  
Grade 3 to 4 
Diarrhea (Grade 3): ≥7 stools per 
day over baseline; incontinence; 
IV fluids ≥24 hrs; interfering 
with ADL 
Colitis 
(Grade 
3): 
severe 
abdominal 
pain, 
medical 
intervention 
indicated, 
peritoneal signs 
Grade 
4: 
life-threatening, 
perforation 
Withhold 
avelumab 
for 
Grade 3. 
Permanently 
discontinue 
avelumab for Grade 4 or 
recurrent Grade 3 
 
1.0 
to 
2.0 
mg/kg/day 
prednisone IV or equivalent 
Add prophylactic antibiotics 
for opportunistic infections 
Consider lower endoscopy 
If improves: 
Continue steroids until Grade ≤1, 
then taper over at least 1 month; 
resume avelumab following steroids 
taper (for initial Grade 3) 
If worsens, persists >3 to 5 days, 
orrecurs after improvement: 
Add infliximab 5 mg/kg (if no 
contraindication); Note: infliximab 
should not be used in cases of 
perforation or sepsis 
Dermatological irAEs 
Severity of Rash 
(NCI-CTCAE v4) 
Initial management 
Follow-up management 
Grade 1 to 2 
Covering ≤ 30% body surface 
area 
Continue avelumab 
Symptomatic therapy (eg, 
antihistamines, 
topical 
steroids) 
If Grade 2 persists >1 to 2 weeks or 
recurs: 
Withhold avelumab 
Consider skin biopsy 
Consider 0.5 to 1.0 mg/kg/day 
prednisone or equivalent. Once 
improving, taper steroids over at 
least 1 month, and resume therapy 
following steroids taper. 
If worsens: 
Treat as Grade 3 to 4 
Grade 3 to 4 
Grade 3: Covering >30% body 
surface area 
Grade 
4: 
Life-threatening 
consequences 
Withhold 
avelumab 
for 
Grade 3. 
Permanently 
discontinue 
avelumab for Grade 4 or 
recurrent Grade 3 
Dermatology consult 
1.0 
to 
2.0 
mg/kg/day 
prednisone or equivalent. 
If improves to Grade ≤1: 
Taper steroids over at least 1 month; 
resume avelumab following steroids 
taper (for initial Grade 3) 


Version 5.0 (11-May-2021) 
25 
 
 
Add prophylactic antibiotics 
for opportunistic infections 
Pulmonary AEs 
Grade of Pneumonitis 
(NCI-CTCAE v4) 
Initial management 
Follow-up management 
Grade 1 
Radiographic changes only  
Consider 
withholding 
avelumab therapy  
Monitor for symptoms every 
2 to 3 days  
Consider Pulmonary and 
Infectious Disease consults  
Re-assess at least every 3 weeks 
If worsens:  
Treat as Grade 2 or Grade 3 to 4.  
Grade 2 
Mild to moderate new symptoms 
Withhold avelumab therapy. 
Pulmonary and Infectious 
Disease consults 
Monitor symptoms daily; 
consider hospitalization 
1.0 
to 
2.0 
mg/kg/day 
prednisone or equivalent 
Add prophylactic antibiotics 
for opportunistic infections 
Consider 
bronchoscopy, 
lung biopsy 
Re-assess every 1 to 3 days  
If improves: 
When symptoms return to Grade ≤ 1, 
taper steroids over at least 1 month 
and then resume avelumab following 
steroids taper; 
If not improving after 2 weeks or 
worsening or for recurrent Grade 2: 
Treat as Grade 3 to 4 
Grade 3 to 4 
Grade 3: Severe new symptoms; 
New/worsening hypoxia; 
Grade 4: Life-threatening 
Permanently 
discontinue 
avelumab therapy. 
Hospitalize. 
Pulmonary and Infectious 
Disease consults. 
1.0 
to 
2.0 
mg/kg/day 
prednisone or equivalent 
Add prophylactic antibiotics 
for opportunistic infections 
Consider 
bronchoscopy, 
lung biopsy 
If improves to Grade ≤1: 
Taper steroids over at least 1 month. 
If not improving after 48 hours or 
worsening: 
Add additional immunosuppression 
(e.g. infliximab, cyclophosphamide, 
intravenous 
immunoglobulin, 
or 
mycophenolate mofetil) 
Hepatic irAEs 


Version 5.0 (11-May-2021) 
26 
 
 
Grade of liver Function Tests 
Elevation 
(NCI-CTCAE v4) 
Initial management 
Follow-up management 
Grade 1 
Grade 1 AST or ALT > ULN to 
3.0 x ULN and/or Total bilirubin 
> ULN to 1.5 x ULN  
Continue avelumab therapy 
Continue liver function monitoring  
If worsens:  
Treat as Grade 2 or 3 to 4.  
Grade 2 
AST or ALT >3.0 to ≤5 x ULN 
and/or total bilirubin >1.5 to ≤3x 
ULN 
Withhold avelumab; 
Increase 
frequency 
of 
monitoring to every 3 days 
If returns to Grade ≤1: 
Resume routine monitoring, resume 
avelumab therapy 
If elevations persist >5 to 7 days or 
worsens: 
Treat as Grade 3 to 4 
Grade 3 to 4 
AST or ALT >5 x ULN and/or 
total bilirubin >3 x ULN 
Permanently 
discontinue 
Avelumab.  
Increase 
frequency 
of 
monitoring to every 1 to 2 
days 
1.0 
to 
2.0 
mg/kg/day 
prednisone or equivalent 
Consult gastroenterologist/ 
hepatologist. 
Consider obtaining MRI/CT 
scan of liver and liver biopsy 
if clinically warranted 
If returns to Grade ≤1: 
Taper steroids over at least 1 month; 
If does not improve in >3 to 5 days, 
worsens or rebounds: 
Add mycophenolate mofetil 1 gram 
(g) twice daily. 
If no response within an additional 3 
to 
5 
days, 
consider 
other 
immunosuppressants 
per 
local 
guidelines. 
Renal irAEs 
Grade of Creatinine 
Increased 
(NCI CTCAE v4) 
Initial Management 
Follow-up Management 
Grade 1 
Creatinine increased > ULN to 
1.5 x ULN 
Continue avelumab  
 
Continue renal function monitoring 
If worsens: 
Treat as Grade 2 to 3 or 4. 
Grade 2 to 3 
Creatinine increased > 1.5 and ≤ 
6 x ULN 
Withhold avelumab therapy 
Increase 
frequency 
of 
monitoring to every 3 days 
If returns to  Grade ≤1: 


Version 5.0 (11-May-2021) 
27 
 
 
1.0 
to 
2.0 
mg/kg/day 
prednisone or equivalent. 
Add prophylactic antibiotics 
for opportunistic infections 
Consider renal biopsy 
Taper steroids over at least 1 month, 
and 
resume 
avelumab 
therapy 
following steroids taper. 
If worsens:  
Treat as Grade 4. 
Grade 4 
Creatinine increased > 6 x ULN 
Permanently 
discontinue 
avelumab therapy 
Monitor creatinine daily 
1.0 
to 
2.0 
mg/kg/day 
prednisone or equivalent. 
Add prophylactic antibiotics 
for opportunistic infections 
Consider renal biopsy 
Nephrology consult 
If returns to Grade ≤1: 
Taper steroids over at least 1 month. 
Cardiac irAEs 
Myocarditis 
Initial Management 
Follow-up Management 
New onset of cardiac signs or 
symptoms 
and 
/ 
or 
new 
laboratory cardiac biomarker 
elevations (e.g. troponin, CK-
MB, BNP) or cardiac imaging 
abnormalities 
suggestive 
of 
myocarditis. 
Withhold avelumab therapy. 
Hospitalize. 
In the presence of life 
threatening 
cardiac 
decompensation, 
consider 
transfer 
to 
a 
facility 
experienced 
in 
advanced 
heart failure and arrhythmia 
management. 
Cardiology 
consult 
to 
establish etiology and rule-
out 
immune-mediated 
myocarditis.  
Guideline based supportive 
treatment as per cardiology 
consult.* 
Consider myocardial biopsy 
if 
recommended 
per 
cardiology consult. 
If 
symptoms 
improve 
and 
immune-mediated etiology is ruled 
out, re-start avelumab therapy. 
If symptoms do not improve/worsen, 
viral myocarditis is excluded, and 
immune-mediated 
etiology 
is 
suspected or confirmed following 
cardiology 
consult, 
manage 
as 
immune-mediated myocarditis. 
Immune-mediated myocarditis 
Permanently 
discontinue 
avelumab. 
Once improving, taper steroids over 
at least 1 month. 


Version 5.0 (11-May-2021) 
28 
 
 
Guideline based supportive 
treatment as appropriate as 
per cardiology consult.* 
1.0 
to 
2.0 
mg/kg/day 
prednisone or equivalent 
Add prophylactic antibiotics 
for opportunistic infections. 
If no improvement or worsening, 
consider 
additional 
immunosuppressants 
(e.g. 
azathioprine, cyclosporine A). 
*Local guidelines, or eg. ESC or AHA guidelines  
ESC guidelines website:  https://www.escardio.org/Guidelines/Clinical-Practice-Guidelines  
AHA 
guidelines 
website: 
http://professional.heart.org/professional/GuidelinesStatements/searchresults.jsp?q=&y=&t=1001  
Endocrine irAEs 
Endocrine Disorder 
Initial Management 
Follow-up Management 
Grade 
1 
or 
Grade 
2 
endocrinopathies 
(hypothyroidism, 
hyperthyroidism, 
adrenal 
insufficiency, type I diabetes 
mellitus) 
Continue avelumab therapy 
Endocrinology consult if 
needed 
Start 
thyroid 
hormone 
replacement 
therapy 
(for 
hypothyroidism), 
anti-thyroid treatment (for 
hyperthyroidism), 
corticosteroids (for adrenal 
insufficiency) or insulin (for 
Type I diabetes mellitus) as 
appropriate. 
Rule-out 
secondary 
endocrinopathies 
(i.e. 
hypopituitarism/ 
hypophysitis) 
Continue 
hormone 
replacement/suppression 
and 
monitoring of endocrine function as 
appropriate. 
Grade 
3 
or 
Grade 
4 
endocrinopathies 
(hypothyroidism, 
hyperthyroidism, 
adrenal 
insufficiency, type I diabetes 
mellitus) 
Withhold avelumab therapy 
Consider hospitalization 
Endocrinology consult 
Start 
thyroid 
hormone 
replacement 
therapy 
(for 
hypothyroidism), 
anti-thyroid treatment (for 
hyperthyroidism), 
Resume avelumab once symptoms 
and/or laboratory tests improve to 
Grade ≤ 1 (with or without hormone 
replacement/suppression). 
Continue 
hormone 
replacement/suppression 
and 
monitoring of endocrine function as 
appropriate.  


Version 5.0 (11-May-2021) 
29 
 
 
corticosteroids (for adrenal 
insufficiency) or insulin (for 
type I diabetes mellitus) as 
appropriate. 
Rule-out 
secondary 
endocrinopathies 
(i.e. 
hypopituitarism 
/ 
hypophysitis) 
Hypopituitarism/Hypophysitis 
(secondary endocrinopathies) 
If secondary thyroid and/or 
adrenal 
insufficiency 
is 
confirmed (i.e. subnormal 
serum 
thyroxine 
with 
inappropriately low TSH 
and/or low serum cortisol 
with 
inappropriately 
low 
ACTH)  
• Refer to endocrinologist 
for dynamic testing as 
indicated 
and 
measurement of other 
hormones (FSH, LH, 
GH/IGF-1, 
PRL, 
testosterone 
in 
men, 
estrogens in women)  
• Hormone 
replacement/suppressive 
therapy as appropriate  
• Perform pituitary MRI 
and 
visual 
field 
examination as indicated 
If hypophysitis confirmed: 
• Continue avelumab if 
mild 
symptoms 
with 
normal MRI. Repeat the 
MRI in 1 month 
• Withhold avelumab if 
moderate, severe or life-
threatening symptoms of 
hypophysitis 
and/or 
abnormal MRI. Consider 
Resume avelumab once symptoms 
and hormone tests improve to Grade 
≤ 1 (with or without hormone 
replacement). 
 
In addition, for hypophysitis with 
abnormal MRI, resume avelumab 
only once shrinkage of the pituitary 
gland 
on 
MRI/CT 
scan 
is 
documented.  
 
Continue 
hormone 
replacement/suppression therapy as 
appropriate. 


Version 5.0 (11-May-2021) 
30 
 
 
hospitalization. Initiate 
corticosteroids (1 to 2 
mg/kg/day prednisone or 
equivalent) followed by 
corticosteroids 
taper 
during at least 1 month. 
• Add 
prophylactic 
antibiotics 
for 
opportunistic infections. 
Other irAEs (not described above) 
Grade of other irAEs 
(NCI-CTCAE v4) 
Initial Management 
Follow-up Management 
Grade 2 or Grade 3 clinical 
signs or symptoms suggestive 
of a potential irAE 
Withhold avelumab therapy 
pending 
clinical 
investigation 
If irAE is ruled out, manage as 
appropriate 
according 
to 
the 
diagnosis and consider restarting 
avelumab therapy 
If irAE is confirmed, treat as Grade 2 
or 3 irAE. 
Grade 2 irAE  or first 
occurrence of Grade 3 irAE 
Withhold avelumab therapy 
1.0 
to 
2.0 
mg/kg/day 
prednisone or equivalent   
Add prophylactic antibiotics 
for opportunistic infections  
Specialty 
consult 
as 
appropriate 
If improves to Grade ≤ 1:  
Taper steroids over at least 1 month 
and 
resume 
avelumab 
therapy 
following steroids taper. 
Recurrence of same Grade 3 
irAEs 
Permanently 
discontinue 
avelumab therapy 
1.0 
to 
2.0 
mg/kg/day 
prednisone or equivalent. 
Add prophylactic antibiotics 
for opportunistic infections  
Specialty 
consult 
as 
appropriate 
If improves to Grade ≤ 1:  
Taper steroids over at least 1 month. 
Grade 4 
Permanently 
discontinue 
avelumab therapy 
1.0 
to 
2.0 
mg/kg/day 
prednisone 
or 
equivalent 
If improves to Grade ≤ 1:  
Taper steroids over at least 1 month 


Version 5.0 (11-May-2021) 
31 
 
 
and/or 
other 
immunosuppressant 
as 
needed. 
Add prophylactic antibiotics 
for opportunistic infections  
Specialty consult. 
Requirement for 10 mg per 
day or greater prednisone or 
equivalent for more than 12 
weeks for reasons other than 
hormonal 
replacement 
for 
adrenal insufficiency 
 
Persistent Grade 2 or 3 irAE 
lasting 12 weeks or longer 
Permanently 
discontinue 
avelumab therapy 
Specialty consult 
 
Abbreviations: ACTH=adrenocorticotropic hormone; ADL=activities of daily living; ALT=alanine 
aminotransferase; AST=aspartate aminotransferase; BNP=B-type natriuretic peptide; CK-MB=creatine 
kinase MB;  CT= computed tomography; FSH=follicle-stimulating hormone; GH=growth hormone; 
IGF-1=insulin-like growth factor 1; irAE=immune related adverse event; IV=intravenous; 
LH=luteinizing hormone; MRI=magnetic resonance imaging; NCI CTCAE=National Cancer Institute 
Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events; PRL=prolactin;T4=thyroxine; TSH=thyroid 
stimulating hormone; ULN=upper limit of normal. 
 
6.4.2 Intravesical-BCG Dose Modification and Toxicity Management 
6.4.2.1 Dose Modification 
For patients enrolled in safety lead-in cohort, there will be no dose reduction for intravesical-BCG during 
induction treatment.   
For patients enrolled in the safety lead-in cohort who do not have a DLT during induction treatment and 
for patients enrolled in dose expansion cohort, dose reduction is allowed for intravesical BCG at the 
treating physician’s discretion in order to manage BCG-related toxicities (Table 5). For patients who are 
unable to tolerate full dose Intravesical BCG due to Intravesical BCG-related toxicities, dose reductions 
should be attempted before complete discontinuation of therapy. Initial reduction to -1 Level is suggested. 
Additional dose reductions to -2 Level dose can also be considered prior to complete discontinuation. If 
patient’s symptoms improve during dose reduction, consider titrating dose back up to full dose.  
Table 5 Intravesical BCG Dose levels for intra-patient dosing reduction 
Full Dose 
-1 Level 
-2 Level 
50 mg 
33 mg 
25 mg 


Version 5.0 (11-May-2021) 
32 
 
 
 
Delayed Instillations 
Delaying instillations of intravesical BCG is not encouraged but is allowed due to urinary tract infections, 
severe urinary symptoms, gross hematuria, traumatic catheterization or other circumstances at the 
discretion of the treating physician. Patients who postpone an instillation should resume treatment the 
following week. Dose and/or schedule modifications should be recorded on both source documents and 
CRFs. 
Discontinuation of Instillations 
Dose reduction should be considered before complete discontinuation of intravesical BCG instillations. 
Intravesical BCG should be discontinued for BCG treatment-related sepsis or extravesical (non-bladder) 
BCG infection. 
Dwell Time 
BCG administration and dwell time should follow local treatment protocols.  Intravesical BCG dwell time 
may be up to 2 hours. Duration of retention of intravesical BCG can be shortened if medically indicated 
(e.g. pain or bladder spasm uncontrollable by symptomatic medications) at the treating physician’s 
discretion as per usual standard of care. If needed, the use of an indwelling catheter during treatment, or 
anticholinergics, may be considered. If patient is unable to hold Intravesical BCG for 1 hour, a dose 
reduction should be applied. 
Times of BCG Shortage 
During periods of BCG shortage, split dose maintenance BCG therapy (1/2-1/3) according to institutional 
standard, may be used to maintain adequate BCG supply. 
6.4.2.2 Toxicity management 
Methods to improve patient’s symptoms such as use of anticholinergics or antibiotics is allowed at the 
treating physician’s discretion as per usual standard of care. Recommendations for management of 
Intravesical BCG-specific toxicities are shown in Table 6.  
Table 6 Intravesical BCG related symptom alleviation and toxicity management 
Toxicity 
Recommendations 
Transient symptoms: urinary frequency, 
urgency, dysuria, cystitis, malaise, fever < 
38.5°C 
Expected after intravesical BCG and usually resolves 
within 48 hrs. Consider symptomatic treatment 
(anticholinergics, pyridium, acetaminophen). Consider 
urine culture. Continue intravesical BCG treatment. 
Persistent (> 48hr) fever < 38.5°C, cystitis, 
malaise 
Urine culture; hold BCG until symptoms subside. 
Fever > 38.5°C for 12-24 h 
Urine culture; if culture is negative, consider Isoniazid 
300 mg daily for 3 months;  
May resume intravesical BCG when asymptomatic. 


Version 5.0 (11-May-2021) 
33 
 
 
Toxicity 
Recommendations 
Acute severe illness, local or systemic 
pneumonitis, hepatitis, prostatitis, ureteral 
obstruction, renal abscess, persisting high 
fever > 39°C 
Isoniazid 300 mg, rifampin 600 mg and/or ethambutol 
1200 mg, daily for 6 months;  
Discontinue intravesical BCG. 
Sepsis 
Isoniazid 300 mg, rifampin 600 mg and/or ethambutol 
1200 mg daily for 6 months; cycloserine 500 mg twice 
daily orally; high-dose corticosteroids immediately; 
Discontinue intravesical BCG. 
 
6.5 Supportive Care 
All supportive measures consistent with optimal patient care will be given throughout the study. 
6.6 Treatment Duration 
Patients who complete BCG induction and the Month 3 maintenance treatment without unacceptable 
toxicity may continue a maintenance treatment regimen up to Month 12 as per study schema.  Avelumab 
treatment will end at the conclusion of Month 12 maintenance BCG therapy.  Additional BCG 
maintenance monotherapy will be at the discretion of the treating physician and considered standard of 
care.  
6.7  Treatment Discontinuation 
Patients must permanently discontinue study treatment (avelumab and BCG) if they experience any of the 
following: 
• Intolerable toxicity related to study treatment, including development of an immune mediated 
adverse event determined by the investigator to be unacceptable given the individual patient’s 
potential response to therapy and severity of the event 
• Any medical condition that may jeopardize the patient’s safety if he or she continues study 
treatment 
• Investigator determines it is in the best interest of the patient 
• Use of another non-protocol anti-cancer therapy 
• Pregnancy 
• Loss of clinical benefit as determined by the investigator after an integrated assessment of 
cystoscopy, radiographic and local biopsy results (if available), and clinical status (e.g., 
symptomatic deterioration such as pain secondary to disease)  
• Patients have Cystoscopy or Radiographic disease progression or symptomatic deterioration 
attributed to disease progression 
The primary reason for study treatment discontinuation should be documented in the patient’s medical 
records.  Patients who discontinue study treatment prematurely will be replaced. 


Version 5.0 (11-May-2021) 
34 
 
 
6.8 Prohibited Medications 
Patients are prohibited from receiving the following therapies during the screening and treatment phase of 
this study: 
• Antineoplastic systemic chemotherapy or biological therapy 
• Immunotherapy not specified in this protocol 
• Chemotherapy not specified in this protocol 
• Investigational agents other than avelumab and intravesical-BCG 
• Systemic glucocorticoids for any purpose other than to modulate symptoms from a suspected 
immunologic etiology. The use of physiologic doses of corticosteroids may be approved after 
consultation with the Sponsor. In such cases, systemic steroids should be stopped at least 24 hours 
prior to the next dose of avelumab. 
• Note: Inhaled steroids are allowed for the management of asthma. 
• Live vaccines within 14 days prior to the first dose of study treatment and while participating in 
the study. Examples of live vaccines include, but are not limited to, the following: measles, mumps, 
rubella, chicken pox, yellow fever, and rabies and typhoid (oral) vaccine. Seasonal influenza 
vaccines for injection are generally killed virus vaccines and are allowed. Intranasal influenza 
vaccines (eg, Flu-Mist®) are live attenuated vaccines, however, and are not allowed. 
• Prophylactic cytokines (G-CSF) should not be administered in the first cycle of the study but may 
be administered in subsequent cycles according to current ASCO guidelines [32]. 
• Any surgery that involves tumor lesions. Note: Administration of radiation therapy or surgery done 
that involves tumor lesions will be considered as disease progression at the time the procedure is 
performed. 
If there is a clinical indication for any medication or vaccination specifically prohibited during the study, 
discontinuation from study therapy may be required. The Investigator should discuss any questions 
regarding this with the Sponsor. The final decision on any supportive therapy or vaccination rests with the 
Investigator and/or the patient’s primary physician. The decision to continue the patient on study therapy, 
however, requires the mutual agreement of the Sponsor-Investigator and the patient. 
6.9 Duration of Follow-up 
The maximum follow-up period will be up to 1 year. For this protocol, all patients, including those who 
discontinue protocol therapy early, will be followed for response until progression or to the date of 
censoring (dropout, end of study), and for survival every three months. All patients must also be followed 
through completion of all protocol therapy. See Section 7.2.2 for additional details. 
7 STUDY PARAMETERS 
7.1 Therapeutic Parameters  
• Screening procedures outlined on study calendar in Section 7.2. must be completed within 4 weeks 
prior to registration. 
• Pre- study scans should be performed within 4 weeks prior to registration. Tumor assessment via 
CT or MRI will be optional at screening if data from standard care is available    


Version 5.0 (11-May-2021) 
35 
 
 
• All patients must have a pre-dosing weight taken at every visit, as appropriate. 
• All required pretreatment laboratory studies should be done as outlined in the study calendars in 
Section 7.2. 
• Initial H&P and laboratory tests can be used for C1D1 if done within 72 hours  
7.2 Observations and Tests 
The schedule of events to be performed during the study is provided in Table 7.  All assessments must be 
performed and documented for each patient.  Patients will be closely monitored for safety and tolerability 
throughout the study.  Patients should be assessed for toxicity prior to each dose of avelumab and/or 
intravesical BCG; dosing will occur only if the clinical assessment and local laboratory test values are 
acceptable. 
Table 7 Schedule of Eventsl 
Cycles 
Screening 
Induction Phase 
(cycle 1 )a 
Maintenance Phase 
EOT  
Follow-Up 
(Month 3, 6, 12) 
 
Month 
9 
Weeks  
 
1-6 
7-12 
1-3 
4-12 
1-12 
 
 
Days 
-28 
to -1 
1 
22 
43 
64 
1 
 
22 
Q4W 
Q4W 
 
 
Informed Consent 
X 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Eligibility review 
X 
X 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
History & Physical 
X 
Xb 
X 
X 
X 
X 
 
X 
X 
X 
 
 
ECOG-PS 
X 
Xb 
X 
X 
X 
X 
 
X 
X 
X 
X 
 
Vital signs & weight 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
 
X 
X 
X 
X 
 
Toxicity assessment d 
X 
       Xd 
X 
 
Con-meds 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
 
X 
X 
X 
X 
 
MRI / CT c 
X 
as clinically indicated 
 
 
CBC/Diff/ 
Plts d 
X 
Xb 
X 
X 
X 
X 
 
X 
X 
X 
X 
 
Serum chemistry e 
X 
Xb 
X 
X 
X 
X 
 
X 
X 
X 
X 
 
PT /PTT /INR 
X 
Xb 
If clinically indicated 
X 
 


Version 5.0 (11-May-2021) 
36 
 
 
Cycles 
Screening 
Induction Phase 
(cycle 1 )a 
Maintenance Phase 
EOT  
Follow-Up 
(Month 3, 6, 12) 
 
Month 
9 
Weeks  
 
1-6 
7-12 
1-3 
4-12 
1-12 
 
 
Days 
-28 
to -1 
1 
22 
43 
64 
1 
 
22 
Q4W 
Q4W 
 
 
Urinalysis h 
X 
Xb 
X 
X 
X 
X 
 
X 
X 
X 
X 
 
TSH, FT3, and FT4 
X 
Repeat Q8W 
X 
 
HIV, HBV, HCV 
serology 
X 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Urine pregnancy test 
X 
Xb 
Repeat Q4W 
 
 
EKG f 
X 
If clinically indicated 
 
Blood sample for 
biomarkers g 
 
X 
 
 
 
X 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Urine sample for 
immunoassay h 
 
X 
X 
X 
 
X 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Avelumab IV dose n 
 
X (Q1W) 
X (Q2W) 
X (Q1W) 
X (Q2W) 
X(Q2W) 
 
 
intravesical BCG  
 
X (Q1W) 
 
X (Q1W) 
C2, 3, 5 
 
 
X 
 
Cystoscopy m and 
urine cytology i 
X 
 
 
 
 
Repeat Q3M as SOC 
 
QOL j 
 
X 
 
 
 
X 
 
 
 
 
X 
 
Survival 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Xk 
 
a. Treatment cycles are 84 days (12 weeks) long, with visits on Day 1 of each BCG course, then 
every 4 weeks coinciding with Avelumab infusion, unless otherwise specified. All visits have a 
window of ± 3 days (calculated in reference to Cycle 1/Day 1). The week following BCG therapy 
completion will not include avelumab treatment.  Avelumab every two week therapy will start two 
weeks from the conclusion of BCG therapy and continue until the next BCG regimen. In the event 


Version 5.0 (11-May-2021) 
37 
 
 
of an unforeseen event, such as a weather event, holiday, or center closure, the PI may alter 
treatment schedule by +/- 10 days to allow for resumption of therapy.  
b. If history, PE, ECOG-PS and screening laboratory tests are performed within 72 hours prior to 
first dose (Cycle 1, Day 1), repeat testing is not required.  
c. Tumor assessment via CT or MRI will be optional at screening if data from standard care is 
available.    
d. Toxicity assessment is required prior to each BCG and/or avelumab treatment. If dose 
interruption or modification is required at any point on study because of hematologic toxicity, 
weekly CBC will be monitored until the AE resolves, and to ensure safety of the new dose, weekly 
blood draws for CBC will be also required for an additional 4 weeks after the AE has been resolved 
to the specified levels, after which monitoring every 3 weeks may resume. 
e. Consisting of albumin, alkaline phosphatase, BUN, calcium, carbon dioxide (CO2), chloride, 
creatinine, glucose, potassium, AST, ALT, sodium, total bilirubin, total protein 
f. Patients will undergo EKG monitoring at screening. Additional EKG at pre-dose on day 1 of each 
cycle and EOT if clinical indicated. 
g. Blood sample for exploratory biomarkers will be collected at pre-dose on day 1 of induction 
therapy; and at pre-dose on day 1 of month 3 and month 6 maintenance therapy.  
h. Urine sample will be collected at pre-dose on days 1, 22 and 43 of induction treatment; and at pre-
dose on day 1 of Months 3 and 6 Maintenance  for measurement by multiplexed immunoassay for 
immune response biomarkers.  
i. Cystoscopy and urine cytology will be obtained at screening and at Month 3, 6, 9, and 12 and at 
EOT.  Only frankly malignant cytology will be considered positive and used to determine the need 
for bladder biopsy and further evaluation.     
j. Patient will be asked to complete EORTC QLQ-C30 to measure QOL on BCG [33].  
k. Every three months for up to one year. See Sections 7.2.1 and 7.2.2 for additional details. 
l. During the COVID-19 crisis, protocol mandated visits may be performed via telemedicine or visits 
may be combined in order to prevent imminent safety risks to patients. All such changes to the 
visit schedule must be clearly documented in the subject’s chart. Changes in study visit schedules 
or missed visits must be explained in the final clinical study report. 
m. For the subset of patients with CIS (with or without concomitant Ta or T1 disease) at study entry, 
a 6-month biopsy is required. A negative biopsy at 6 months will provide evidence of complete 
response. A +/- 10 day window will be allowed around the disease assessment time point. Patients 
receiving a second induction will not be required to undergo 6-month biopsy. 
n. Following avelumab infusions, patients must be observed for 30 minutes post infusion for potential 
infusion related reactions. 
7.2.1 Extended safety follow-up 
Given the potential risk for delayed immune-related toxicities, safety follow-up may be performed up to 
90 days after the last dose of avelumab administration. 
The extended safety follow-up beyond 30 days after last avelumab administration may be performed either 
via a site visit or via a telephone call with subsequent site visit requested in case any concerns noted during 
the telephone call. 


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7.2.2 Tumor assessment during post treatment follow up 
For patients who have completed 12 months of treatment without progressive disease or discontinued 
treatment for reasons other than PD, the tumor assessments by cystoscopy and urine cytology should be 
repeated every 3 months for one year as per standard of care or until tumor progression.  
7.3 Biological Sample Collection for Translational Study 
We will assess immune profile in the pre- and post- treatment urine and blood as potential biomarkers that 
would associate with tumor response from the combination of avelumab and intravesical BCG. The 
analysis of other molecular profile may be optional if sample of cystoscopy and urine cytology is available. 
7.3.1 Urine collection: 
Urine will be collected before BCG treatment on the following days: 
BCG Induction phase:  
• Week 1 day 1 (Day 1, before BCG treatment) 
• Week 4 day 1 (day 22, before BCG treatment) 
• Week 7 day 1 (day 43) 
BCG maintenance phase:  
• Day 1 of Month 3 and 6 Maintenance: before BCG treatment 
Urine specimen will be sent to the Stephenson Cancer Center biorepository for storage, which will be 
analyzed using a multiplexed immunoassay if collaborative funding is available.  
7.3.2 Blood collection:  
Blood sample for exploratory biomarkers will be collected before BCG treatment on the following days:   
BCG Induction phase:  
• Week 1 day 1 (Day 1, before BCG and avelumab treatment) 
BCG maintenance phase:  
• Day 1 of Month 3 and 6 Maintenance: before BCG and avelumab treatment 
Blood specimen will be sent to the Stephenson Cancer Center biorepository for storage, which will be 
analyzed for immune profile changes if collaborative funding is available. 
7.3.3 Sample shipping 
Blood and urine samples will be sent to the Stephenson Cancer Center biorepository for processing and 
biomarker testing (See lab manual for detailed instructions). 
8 EVALUATION CRITERIA 
8.1 Safety Evaluation 
Toxicity assessment is required prior to each BCG and/or avelumab treatment. Toxicity and grades will 
be classified using the NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.0. 
Dose limiting toxicity (DLT) will be monitored during the first 6 weeks of induction treatment with 
intravesical BCG and IV avelumab. Definition of DLT is described in section 5.2.1.   


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Completion rate of induction therapy with combined BCG + avelumab is defined as completion of at 
least 5 of 6 treatments of each BCG and avelumab within 8 weeks during BCG induction phase.    
Six-month treatment completion rate will be based on patients’ completion of at least 2 of 3 BCG 
treatments within each 5 week period at the 6 Month maintenance treatment. 
8.1.1 Definition of Evaluable patients for Safety Analysis 
Evaluable patients will be defined as patients who receive at least one dose of intravesical BCG and 
avelumab. 
8.2 Efficacy Evaluation 
Cystoscopy and urine cytology will be obtained at screening and at Month 3, 6, 9, and 12.  Only frankly 
malignant cytology will be considered positive and used to determine the need for bladder biopsy and 
further evaluation. Three-month complete response (CR) rate, 6-month CR rate, recurrence free survival 
(RFS), cystectomy-free survival (C 
FS), and overall survival will be evaluated as the following.       
Time to High-Grade Recurrence (TTHGR) is defined as time from date of first treatment to first high-
grade recurrence. Patients without a recurrence will be censored at their last cystoscopy date. Those who 
die without a recurrence are also counted as a recurrence and high-grade recurrence at time of death. 
Time to Recurrence (TTR) is identical to TTHGR with the addition that failure with any-grade bladder 
cancer is considered an event. 
Progression-free survival (PFS) is defined as time from date of first treatment to first evidence of muscle 
invasive bladder cancer, metastatic disease, or death due to any cause. Those without an event are censored 
at their last  valid tumor assessment, or at the last tumor assessment before patient start of the new therapy 
if a patient has started new anti-cancer therapy.  
Complete Response: For the subset of patients with CIS (with or without concomitant Ta or T1 disease) 
at study entry, a 6-month biopsy is required. A negative biopsy at 6 months will provide evidence of 
complete response. A +/- 10 day window will be allowed around the disease assessment time point. 
Patients receiving a second induction will not be required to undergo 6-month biopsy 
Duration of Complete Response: For the subset of patients with CIS (with or without concomitant Ta or 
T1 disease) at study entry who achieve a CR, duration is defined as time from first documentation of CR 
to time of first high grade recurrence. Patients who remain CR at end of study (EOS) are censored at their 
last cystoscopy date. 
Overall survival (OS) is defined as the duration from the first dose date of the study drug until death due 
to any cause. Patients who are still alive at EOS are censored on the date they will be last known to be 
alive.  An exploratory analysis to determine OS at EOS will be estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. 
Patient Reported Outcomes: 
The EORTC QLQ-C30: is a 30-item cancer-specific quality of life questionnaire developed to assess QOL 
endpoints [33]. The measure consists of 5 functional scales (physical, role, cognitive, emotional and 
social), 3 symptom scales (fatigue, pain, and nausea/vomiting), a global health status / quality of life scale, 
and additional symptoms commonly reported by cancer patients (dyspnoea, loss of appetite, insomnia, 


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constipation 
and 
diarrhea) 
and 
perceived 
financial 
impact 
of 
the 
disease 
(https://www.eortc.be/qol/files/SCManualQLQ-C30.pdf ). The EORTC QLQ-C30 is reliable and has 
discriminatory association with clinical status, disease stage, and symptom severity. Patients are asked to 
answer questions regarding their symptoms and/or quality of life on day 1 prior to BCG treatment during 
BCG induction phase and day 1 of BCG maintenance phase. 
8.2.1 Definition of Evaluable Patients for Efficacy Analysis 
Evaluable patients will be defined as patients who receive at least 5 doses each of intravesical BCG and 
avelumab IV during induction treatment (first 8 weeks) and complete the first post-treatment cystoscopy 
and/or urine cytology for tumor assessment. Patients who discontinued study treatment due to toxicity 
incurred by previous therapy will be evaluated for safety analysis, but will be replaced by additional 
patients for the efficacy analysis. 
Patients removed from study for early withdraw or hypersensitivity reactions will be replaced if they have 
received less than 5 doses of study treatment during induction treatment, but will be included in the safety 
analysis. 
Patients who do not receive at least 5 doses of intravesical BCG and avelumab IV during induction 
treatment will be considered unevaluable for efficacy analysis and will be replaced unless the missed doses 
were due to development of grade 3-4 adverse events related to study treatment.  
9 SAFETY MONITORING AND REPORTING PROCEDURES   
The safety plan for patients in this study is based on clinical experience with IV avelumab and intravesical-
BCG in completed and ongoing studies.  The anticipated important safety risks are outlined in sections 
6.4.1 and 6.4.2. 
Measures will be taken to ensure the safety of patients participating in this study, including the use of 
stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria and close monitoring of patients during the study.  
Administration of avelumab will be performed in a monitored setting in which there is immediate access 
to trained personnel and adequate equipment and medicine to manage potentially serious reactions.  After 
initiation of study treatment, all adverse events will be reported until 90 days for avelumab after the last 
dose of study treatment or until initiation of new systemic anti-cancer therapy, whichever occurs first. 
Serious adverse events and adverse events of special interest will continue to be reported until 90 days for 
avelumab after the last dose of study treatment or until initiation of new systemic anti-cancer therapy, 
whichever occurs first.  Guidelines for managing anticipated adverse events, including criteria for dosage 
modification and treatment interruption or discontinuation, is provided in section 6.4.   
Safety assessments will consist of monitoring and reporting adverse events and serious adverse events per 
protocol.  This includes all events of death and any study-specific issue of concern. 
9.1 Adverse Event Reporting Period 
The study period during which all AEs and SAEs must be reported begins after informed consent is 
obtained and initiation of study treatment and ends 90 days following the last administration of study 
treatment or study discontinuation/termination, whichever is earlier.  After this period, investigators 
should only report SAEs that are attributed to prior study treatment. Stopping rules for toxicity are defined 
in Tables 2-4 & 6.  


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The principal investigator is responsible for ensuring that all Aes and SAEs that are observed or reported 
during the study, are collected and reported to the FDA and appropriate IRB in accordance with CFR 
312.32 (IND Safety Reports).  
All reportable events should be sent to the Sponsor via email: 
SCCIITreporting@ouhsc.edu 
OR 
Fax at 1-405-271-1416. 
In addition, the principal investigator is responsible for notifying EMD Serono GPS in parallel of such 
events within 2 business days or 3 calendar days (whichever comes first) of the Sponsor/PI becoming 
aware of the event (ideally using the applicable safety report form provided by EMD).  The following 
reportable events must be submitted to EMD Serono: 
• Serious Adverse Events 
• Exposure during Pregnancy or Breastfeeding (even if not associated with an adverse event) 
• Occupational exposure (even if not associated with an adverse event) 
• Potential drug-induced liver injury (Hy’s Law cases): These events are considered important 
medical events and should be reported as SAEs. 
• Contact information for submission of reportable events to EMD Serono: 
Fax: +49 6151 72 6914 
OR 
E-mail: ICSR_CT_GPS@merckgroup.com 
Post-Study Adverse Events: The principal investigator should expeditiously report any SAE occurring 
after a subject has completed or discontinued study participation if attributed to prior avelumab and/or 
intravesical-BCG exposure. If the investigator should become aware of the development of cancer or a 
congenital anomaly in a subsequently conceived offspring of a female subject who participated in the 
study, this should be reported as an SAE. 
9.1.1 Reporting Suspected Unexpected Serious Adverse Reactions 
In compliance with FDA regulations, as contained in 21 CFR 312.32, all Suspected Unexpected Serious 
Adverse Reactions (SUSARs) must be reported by Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma 
Health Sciences Center (the sponsor for this study) to the FDA within the required timeframes. Research 
staff should notify the PI within 24 hours of awareness of an SAE for timely evaluation of reportability to 
FDA.  
The Sponsor/PI or designee is responsible for notifying EMD Serono Drug Safety within 2 business days 
or 3 calendar days (whichever comes first) of awareness.   
Contact information for submission of reportable events to EMD Serono: 
Fax: +49 6151 72 6914 
OR 
E-mail: ICSR_CT_GPS@merckgroup.com 
Specifying: 


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PROTOCOL Number and/or Title 
EMD Serono assigned Study Number 
SUBJECT Number 
SITE Number/PI Name 
SAE/ONSET DATE 
With the assistance of Stephenson Cancer Center Clinical Trial Office (SCC CTO), all SUSARs must be 
reported to the FDA by the investigator within 7 (serious criteria of death or life threatening) or 15 (all 
other seriousness criteria) calendar days of awareness.  
Supporting and follow up data: Any supporting or follow up documentation must be submitted to the 
regulatory authorities per federal regulations and institutional standards when available. The Sponsor/PI 
or designee is also responsible for notifying EMD Serono Drug Safety about the supporting or follow up 
data.  
9.1.2  MedWatch 3500A Reporting Guidelines 
In addition to completing appropriate patient demographic and suspect medication information, the report 
should include the following information within the Event Description (section 5) of the MedWatch 
3500A form: 
1. Treatment regimen 
2. Protocol description (and number, if assigned) 
3. Description of event, severity, treatment, and outcome if known 
4. Supportive laboratory results and diagnostics 
5. Investigator’s assessment of the relationship of the adverse event to each investigational product 
and suspect medication 
MedWatch 3500A (Mandatory Reporting) form is available at 
http://www.fda.gov/medwatch/getforms.html  
Follow-up Information:  
Additional information may be added to a previously submitted report by any of the following methods: 
1. Adding to the original MedWatch 3500A report and submitting it as follow-up 
2. Adding supplemental summary information and submitting it as follow-up with the original 
MedWatch 3500A form  
3. Summarizing new information and faxing it with a cover letter including patient identifiers (i.e., 
D.O.B. initial, patient number), protocol description and number, if assigned, brief adverse event 
description, and notation that additional or follow-up information is being submitted (The patient 
identifiers are important so that the new information is added to the correct initial report) 
Occasionally EMD Serono, may contact the sponsor/principal investigator for additional information, 
clarification, or current status of the patient for whom an adverse event was reported.  For questions 
regarding SAE reporting, you may contact SCC CTO study’s regulatory project manager at 
SCCIITreporting@ouhsc.edu. 


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9.2 Adverse Event Monitoring 
9.2.1 Definitions (per 21 CFR 312.32(a)) 
Adverse event: “Any untoward medical occurrence associated with the use of a drug in humans, whether 
or not considered drug related.”  
This includes the following: 
1. Aes not previously observed in the subject that emerge during the protocol-specified AE reporting 
period, including signs or symptoms associated with study treatment that were not present prior to 
the AE reporting period. 
2. Complications that occur as a result of protocol-mandated interventions (e.g., invasive procedures 
such as tumor biopsy). 
3. If applicable, Aes that occur prior to assignment of study treatment associated with medication 
washout, no treatment run-in, or other protocol-mandated intervention. 
4. Preexisting medical conditions (other than the condition being studied) judged by the investigator 
to have worsened in severity or frequency or changed in character during the protocol-specified 
AE reporting period. 
Life-threatening adverse event or life-threatening suspected adverse reaction: “An adverse event or 
suspected adverse reaction is considered “life threatening” if, in the view of either the investigator or 
sponsor, its occurrence places the patient or subject at immediate risk of death. It does not include an 
adverse event or suspected adverse reaction that, had it occurred in a more severe form, might have caused 
death.”  
Serious adverse event or serious suspected adverse reaction: “An adverse event or suspected adverse 
reaction is considered “serious” if, in the view of either the investigator or sponsor, it results in any of the 
following outcomes: 
• Death,  
• A life-threatening adverse event,  
• Inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization,  
• A persistent or significant incapacity or substantial disruption of the ability to conduct normal life 
functions, or A congenital anomaly/birth defect. Important medical events that may not result in 
death, be life-threatening, or require hospitalization may be considered serious when, based upon 
appropriate medical judgment, they may jeopardize the patient or subject and may require medical 
or surgical intervention to prevent one of the outcomes listed in this definition. Examples of such 
medical events include allergic bronchospasm requiring intensive treatment in an emergency room 
or at home, blood dyscrasias or convulsions that do not result in inpatient hospitalization, or the 
development of drug dependency or drug abuse.” 
Suspected adverse reaction: “Suspected adverse reaction means any adverse event for which there is a 
reasonable possibility that the drug caused the adverse event. For the purposes of IND safety reporting, 
“Reasonable possibility” means there is evidence to suggest a causal relationship between the drug and 
the adverse event. Suspected adverse reaction implies a lesser degree of certainty about causality than 
adverse reaction, which means any adverse event caused by a drug.” 


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Unexpected adverse event or unexpected suspected adverse reaction: “An adverse event or suspected 
adverse reaction is considered “unexpected” if it is not listed in the investigator brochure or is not listed 
at the specificity or severity that has been observed; or, if an investigator brochure is not required or 
available, is not consistent with the risk information described in the general investigational plan or 
elsewhere in the current application, as amended. For example, under this definition, hepatic necrosis 
would be unexpected (by virtue of greater severity) if the investigator brochure referred only to elevated 
hepatic enzymes or hepatitis. Similarly, cerebral thromboembolism and cerebral vasculitis would be 
unexpected (by virtue of greater specificity) if the investigator brochure listed only cerebral vascular 
accidents. “Unexpected,” as used in this definition, also refers to adverse events or suspected adverse 
reactions that are mentioned in the investigator brochure as occurring with a class of drugs or as anticipated 
from the pharmacological properties of the drug, but are not specifically mentioned as occurring with the 
particular drug under investigation.” 
The descriptions and grading scales found in the revised NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse 
Events (CTCAE) version 5.0 will be utilized for AE reporting. All appropriate treatment areas should have 
access to a copy of the CTCAE version 5.0. A copy of the CTCA version 5.0 can be downloaded from the 
CTEP web site (http://ctep.cancer.gov ). 
Events or Outcomes Not Qualifying as Serious Adverse Events 
The following are not considered SAEs and therefore do not need to be reported as such: 
• Pre-planned or elective hospitalization including social and/ or convenience situations  
• Hospital visits of less than 24 hours duration (eg, patient presents to the emergency room, but is 
not admitted to a ward)  
• Overdose of either avelumab, intravesical-BCG or concomitant medication unless the event meets 
SAE criteria (eg, hospitalization). However, the event should still be captured as a non-serious AE 
• Events of progression of the patient’s underlying cancer as well as events clearly related to 
progression of the patient’s cancer (signs and symptoms of progression) should not be reported as 
a serious adverse event unless the outcome is fatal within the safety reporting period. If the event 
has a fatal outcome within the safety reporting period, then the event of Progression of Disease 
must be recorded as an AE and as a SAE with CTCAE Grade 5 (fatal outcome) indicated. 
9.2.2 Definition of an Adverse Events of Special Interest 
AESIs (serious or non-serious) are defined as Aes of scientific and medical concern specific to a product 
or program, for which ongoing monitoring and rapid communication can be appropriate. Such an event 
might warrant further investigation in order to characterize and understand it. Depending on the nature of 
the event, rapid communication by the Sponsor-Investigator to other parties (eg, regulators) might also be 
warranted. 
Serious AESIs shall be forwarded to EMD Serono within 2 business days or 3 calendar days (whichever 
comes first) of the awareness date. Others shall be sent within thirty (30) calendar days. 
9.2.2.1 Adverse Events of Special Interest for Avelumab 
The adverse events of special interest for avelumab are summarized in tables 2-4 and detailed information 
can be found in avelumab Investigator’s Brochure.  


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9.2.3 Clinical Laboratory Assessments as Adverse Events and Serious Adverse Events 
An abnormal laboratory value that is not already associated with an AE is to be recorded as an AE only if 
any one of the following criteria is met: 
• an action on the study drug is made as a result of the abnormality 
• intervention for management of the abnormality is required 
• at the discretion of the investigator should the abnormality be deemed clinically significant 
9.2.4 Pregnancy or Breastfeeding 
If a patient becomes pregnant or breastfeeding while receiving avelumab or within 5 months after the last 
dose of avelumab, a report should be completed and expeditiously report to sponsor/principal investigator.  
Follow-up to obtain the outcome of the pregnancy should also occur.   
Abortion, whether accidental, therapeutic, or spontaneous, should always be classified as serious, and 
expeditiously reported to sponsor/principal investigator, as an SAE. Similarly, any congenital 
anomaly/birth defect in a child born to a female subject exposed to the avelumab should be reported to 
sponsor/principal investigator as an SAE. 
Pregnancy reports: While such reports are not serious Aes or ADRs per se, as defined herein, any reports 
of pregnancy, where the fetus may have been exposed to the Product, shall be transmitted to 
Sponsor/Principal investigator within 2 business days or 3 calendar days of the awareness date (whichever 
comes first) using the applicable safety report form provided. Meantime, such reports shall be forwarded 
to EMD Serono within 2 business days or 3 calendar days (whichever comes first) of the awareness date. 
Pregnancies will be followed up until the outcome of the pregnancy is known, whenever possible, based 
upon due diligence taken to obtain the follow-up information.  
9.3 Documenting Adverse Events 
All Aes information must be documented on the appropriate AE case report form. Additional follow-up 
information (e.g., test results, autopsy, and discharge summary) may be obtained to supplement AE 
reports. A copy of all initial and follow-up reports will be included with the patient’s study files. 
9.3.1 Specific Instructions for Recording Adverse Events 
Investigators should use correct medical terminology/concepts when reporting Aes or SAEs.  Avoid 
colloquialisms and abbreviations. 
Diagnosis versus Signs and Symptoms: If known at the time of reporting, a diagnosis should be reported 
rather than individual signs and symptoms (e.g., record only liver failure or hepatitis rather than jaundice, 
asterixis, and elevated transaminases).  However, if a constellation of signs and/or symptoms cannot be 
medically characterized as a single diagnosis or syndrome at the time of reporting, it is acceptable to report 
the information that is currently available.  If a diagnosis is subsequently established, it should be reported 
as follow-up information. 
Deaths: All deaths that occur during the protocol-specified AE reporting period, regardless of attribution, 
will be reported to the appropriate parties.  When recording a death, the event or condition that caused or 
contributed to the fatal outcome should be reported as the single medical concept.  If the cause of death is 
unknown and cannot be ascertained at the time of reporting, report “Unexplained Death”. 


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Preexisting Medical Conditions: A preexisting medical condition is one that is present at the start of the 
study.  Such conditions should be reported as medical and surgical history.  A preexisting medical 
condition should be re-assessed throughout the trial and reported as an AE or SAE only if the frequency, 
severity, or character of the condition worsens during the study.  When reporting such events, it is 
important to convey the concept that the preexisting condition has changed by including applicable 
descriptors (e.g., “more frequent headaches”). 
Hospitalizations for Medical or Surgical Procedures: Any AE that results in hospitalization or 
prolonged hospitalization should be documented and reported as an SAE.  If a subject is hospitalized to 
undergo a medical or surgical procedure as a result of an AE, the event responsible for the procedure, not 
the procedure itself, should be reported as the SAE.  For example, if a subject is hospitalized to undergo 
coronary bypass surgery, record the heart condition that necessitated the bypass as the SAE. 
Hospitalizations for the following reasons do not require reporting: 
• Hospitalization or prolonged hospitalization for diagnostic or elective surgical procedures for 
preexisting conditions 
• Hospitalization or prolonged hospitalization required to allow efficacy measurement for the study 
or 
• Hospitalization or prolonged hospitalization for scheduled therapy of the target disease of the study 
9.4 Causality Assessment of Adverse Events 
The relationship between an AE and the study drug will be determined by the Investigator on the basis of 
his or her clinical judgment and the following definitions. 
An AE will be considered associated with the use of study drug if there is a reasonable possibility that the 
AE may have been caused by the study drug. This definition applies to those Aes that are considered 
definitely, probably, and possibly related to the use of the study drug: 
Definitely Related: An AE that follows a temporal sequence from administration of the study drug; 
follows a known response pattern to the study drug; improves after stopping the study drug (positive 
dechallenge) and reappears after repeat exposure (positive rechallenge); and cannot be reasonably 
explained by known characteristics of the patient’s clinical state or by other therapies 
Probably Related: An AE that follows a reasonable temporal sequence from administration of the study 
drug; follows a known response pattern to the study drug; improves after dechallenge; and cannot be 
reasonably explained by the known characteristics of the patient’s clinical state or by other therapies. 
Possibly Related: An AE that follows a reasonable temporal sequence from administration of the study 
drug and follows a known response pattern to the study drug but could have been produced by the patient’s 
clinical state or by other therapies An AE may be considered not associated with the use of study drug if 
there is not a reasonable possibility that the AE may have been caused by the study drug. This definition 
applies to those Aes that are considered unlikely or not related to the use of the study drug: 
Unlikely to be Related: An AE assessed as unlikely to be related to study drug is defined as an AE for 
which sufficient information exists to indicate a high improbability that the event is related to the study 
drug. 


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Not Related: An AE assessed as not related to study drug is defined as an AE for which sufficient 
information exists to indicate that the etiology is unrelated to the study drug. Two or more of the following 
variables apply: 
• The AE does not follow a reasonable temporal sequence after administration of the study drug. 
• The AE is readily explained by the patient’s clinical state or other therapies. 
• Negative dechallenge—the AE does not abate upon dose reduction or cessation of therapy 
(assuming that it is reasonable to expect abatement of the AE within the observed interval). 
9.5 Severity Assessment of Adverse Events 
Severity of Aes will be graded according to the CTCAE Version 5.0. 
Adverse events not included in the CTCAE, Version 5.0 must be graded as follows: Mild, Moderate, 
Severe, Life-threatening, and Fatal according to the following definitions: 
• Mild: The AE is noticeable to the patient but does not interfere with routine activity. 
• Moderate: The AE interferes with routine activity but responds to symptomatic therapy or rest. 
• Severe: The AE significantly limits the patient’s ability to perform routine activities despite 
symptomatic therapy. 
• Life-threatening: The AE places the patient at risk of death at the time of the event. 
• Fatal: The AE results in the death of the patient. 
9.6 Study Monitoring 
All aspects of the study will be carefully monitored at periodic intervals throughout the study per FDA 
“Guidance for Industry – E6 (R2) Good Clinical Practice: Integrated Addendum to ICH E6 (R1)” dated 
March 2018. All Case Report Forms (CRFs) will be up to 100% source verified against corresponding 
source documentation (e.g., office and clinical laboratory records) for each patient. The monitoring visits 
provide the PI with the opportunity to evaluate the progress of the study, to verify appropriate consent 
form procedures, review drug accountability and to verify the accuracy and completeness of CRFs, to 
resolve any inconsistencies in the study records and to assure that all protocol requirements, applicable 
FDA regulations, other requirements, and Investigator’s obligations are being fulfilled. 
Furthermore, this study will fall under the purview of the Stephenson Cancer Center Data Safety 
Monitoring Committee (DSMC). 
9.7 Data Disclosure and Patient Confidentiality 
Patient medical information obtained as a result of this study is considered confidential. Disclosure to 
third parties other than those noted below is prohibited. All reports and communications relating to patients 
in this study will identify each patient only by their initials and number. Medical information resulting 
from a patient’s participation in this study may be given to the patient’s personal physician or to the 
appropriate medical personnel responsible for the patient’s welfare. Data generated as a result of this study 
are to be available for inspection on request by FDA or other government regulatory agency inspectors, 
the clinical trial office auditors and monitors, University of Oklahoma Office of Compliance, and the 
Investigational Review Board (IRB). 


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All laboratory specimens, evaluation forms, reports, and other records that leave the site will be identified 
by a coded number and/or initials to maintain patient confidentiality. All study records will be kept in a 
locked file cabinet or other secured area. All computer entry and networking programs will be identifiable 
only by coded numbers and/or initials. Patient personal medical information may be reviewed by 
representatives of the Sponsor, of the IRB of record, University of Oklahoma Office of Compliance, or of 
regulatory authorities in the course of monitoring the progress of the clinical trial. Every reasonable effort 
will be made to maintain such information as confidential. 
10 STATISTICAL CONSIDERATION 
10.1 
Consideration for Sample Size 
The primary objective is to ensure patients can tolerate a complete induction course of combination 
therapy as defined by the ability to receive at least 5 of 6 treatments of BCG + avelumab within eight 
weeks of starting treatment. By using a modified 3+3 design for DLT observation, we expect to enroll 
3~6 patients for dose level 1. If dose level 1 is not tolerated, then an additional 3~6 patients will be enrolled 
in dose level -1. 
The most important secondary objective is to evaluate the feasibility of remaining on combination 
treatment to complete Month 6 maintenance therapy without dose-limiting toxicity. Therefore, an 
additional 12~15 patients will be enrolled and will receive the final dose. The proportion of patients 
completing Month 6 maintenance will be calculated and a 95% confidence interval constructed for the 
completion rate. The expected completion rate is about 60%.  However, the final sample size was obtained 
from feasibility and not formal power analysis. With 18 patients at the final dose and an expected 
completion rate of 60%, the lower bound of the two-sided Wilson Score 95% confidence interval (CI) 
would be 37.6%.  Although this lower limit was not clinical meaningful, it is provided to show the width 
of the CI given a desired 60% completion rate and the small sample size. 
In order to enroll 18 evaluable patients for dose expansion cohort, we may need to screen up to 27 patients 
if dose level -1 will be evaluated as the final dose level since we expect a percentage of these patients to 
be screen failures or withdrawals.  
10.2 
Analytic Plan 
Only evaluable patients as defined in Section 8.1.1 will be included in the statistical analysis. The 
proportion of patients receiving a complete induction course (at least 5 of 6 treatments of each BCG and 
avelumab within eight weeks of starting treatment) at 3 months and at 6 months will be calculated and a 
95% Wilson score confidence interval constructed for the completion rate.  
The 3-month and/or 6-month complete response (CR) rates will be summarized as the proportion (and 
95% CI) of patients with complete tumor response at month 3 or 6 of study treatment.   
Kaplan-Meier curves will be generated for overall survival, duration of response, progression-free 
survival, cystectomy-free survival, time to recurrence, and time to high-grade recurrence.  Median survival 
time and 95% confidence intervals will be calculated. The EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire functional 
scales, symptom scales, and global health and quality of life scale will be summarized. 
Frequency and severity of adverse events will be tabulated by body system, type and maximum grade. 
Serious adverse events will be listed. 


Version 5.0 (11-May-2021) 
49 
 
 
Interim analysis 
An interim safety analysis will be conducted when 3~6 patients have received ≥ 5 doses of BCG treatment 
in dose level 1. If the combination therapy in dose level 1 is not tolerated (2 or more patients experience 
a DLT), dose level -1 will be evaluated in additional 3~6 eligible patients. The decision rule is fully 
described in Section 5.2 Overall Study Design. 
10.3 
Accrual and Study Duration 
This is a single arm, phase Ib study. Total 18 evaluable patients will be enrolled in the Stephenson Cancer 
Center. More than 40 patients with bladder cancer will initiate intravesical BCG treatment in our Urologic 
Oncology clinic each year, including approximately 40% patients with BCG-treated but unresponsive 
NMIBC (persistent or recurrent) who are hopefully eligible for the proposed study. Based on our prior 
experience with similar patient population, we anticipate enrollment of 1 patient per month. 
The planned sample size is 18 evaluable patients for dose expansion cohort. Conservatively allowing for 
up to 10% dropout, we will enroll up to 27 patients for an evaluable 18.  Thus the maximal study period 
will be 54 months (30 months accrual plus 12 months study treatment plus 12 months survival follow-up). 
It is assumed that is sufficient to observe the minimum number completed cycles and to assess the time-
to-event variables, including recurrence free survival and OS. 
11 DATA AND SAFETY MONITORING PLAN 
Safety oversight will be performed by Stephenson Cancer Center’s (SCC) internal Data and Safety 
Monitoring Committee (DSMC). The DSMC is composed of individuals with the appropriate expertise in 
adult and pediatric hematology and medical oncology, radiation oncology, translational and correlative 
science, pharmacy, nursing and biostatistics. The DSMC operates under the rules of an approved data 
safety monitoring plan which complies with the National Cancer Institute (NCI) guidelines published as 
Essential Elements of a Data and Safety Monitoring Plan for Clinical Trials Funded by NCI as of January 
2005 and the “NIH Policy for Data and Safety Monitoring,” NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts, 
http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/not98-084.html. 
The Data Safety Monitoring Committee is charged with oversight of participant safety, study conduct and 
the validity and integrity of data for clinical trials at SCC. While the focus of the DSMC is to monitor 
interventional investigator initiated trials (IITs) that are not subject to external monitoring, it has the 
authority to monitor any SCC protocol when potential concerns are identified. The DSMC also has the 
authority to suspend or close a study until the principal investigator addresses any issues that may cause 
harm or increase risks to subjects.  The DSMC reports all findings to the Institutional Review Board (IRB).  
Under the direction of the DSMC chair, a full board meeting is convened on a quarterly basis to review 
the accumulated safety data, accrual information, and additional information as stated in the DSMC plan. 
11.1 
DSMC Auditing 
In addition to monitoring, the DSMC oversees an internal auditing process to ensure subject safety and 
data quality. All cancer-related clinical trials active at the SCC are eligible for audit; however, priority is 
placed on those clinical trials that are not monitored or audited by an outside entity. If an external entity 
conducts an audit of a clinical trial at the SCC, then the findings of that audit are reported to the DSMC, 


Version 5.0 (11-May-2021) 
50 
 
 
either through the formal audit report provided by the external auditing entity, if available, or from the PI, 
who will report any findings communicated during the audit process. 
12 DATA HANDLING AND RECORD KEEPING 
12.1 
Data Quality Assurance 
Stephenson Cancer Center (SCC) will be responsible for clinical monitoring of  all data for this study.   
 
12.2 
Electronic Database and Case Report Forms 
The Principal Investigator and designated team will develop a study-specific electronic database in 
REDCap and study-specific case report forms (CRF) for study data entry.  All study data will be recorded 
into the REDCap database sponsored by OU-SCC and stored in a 21 CFR 11 compliant database.  Only 
the Principal Investigator and assigned research staff will have access to the study data.  The electronic 
case report forms will be available to EMD Serono, the IRB of record, and regulatory authorities in event 
of an audit or inspection.   
12.3 
Record Retention  
FDA regulations (21 CFR 312.62) require clinical investigators to retain all trial-related documentation, 
including source documents, long enough to allow the sponsor to use the data to support marketing 
applications. 
The Investigator will retain all research documents and case report forms at study site per federal 
requirements and institutional policy.   
13 ETHICAL AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS 
13.1 
Ethical Conduct of the Study 
The study will be conducted in full conformance with the ICH E6 guideline for Good Clinical Practice 
and the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki in addition to the requirements of the ICH E2A guidelines. 
This study will also comply with U.S. FDA regulations under a U.S. Investigational New Drug (IND) 
application in addition to local, state, and federal laws. 
13.2 
Informed Consent 
The informed consent document will be in compliance with ICH GCP, local regulatory requirements, and 
legal requirements. The informed consent document used in this study and any changes made during the 
course of the study will be prospectively approved by the IRB of record. 
The investigator must ensure that each study patient is fully informed about the nature and objectives of 
the study and possible risks associated with participation. The investigator, or a person designated by the 
investigator, will obtain written informed consent from each patient before any study-specific activity is 
performed. The study site will retain the original of each patient’s signed consent document. A copy of 
the informed consent document must be provided to the subject or the subject's legally authorized 
representative.  If applicable, it will be provided in a certified translation of the local language. 


Version 5.0 (11-May-2021) 
51 
 
 
13.3 
Institutional Review Board or Ethics Committee 
This protocol, the informed consent document, and relevant supporting information must be submitted to 
the IRB for review and must be approved before the study is initiated.  The study will be conducted in 
accordance with FDA and IRB requirements. 
The Principal Investigator is responsible for keeping the IRB apprised of the progress of the study and of 
any changes made to the protocol as deemed appropriate, but in any case, the IRB must be updated at least 
once a year.  The Principal Investigator must also keep the IRB informed of any significant AEs per IRB 
policy. 
The Principal Investigator is required to promptly notify the IRB of all adverse drug reactions that are 
both serious and unexpected per IRB policy.  This generally refers to SAEs that are not already identified 
in the Investigator’s Brochure and that are considered possibly or probably related to the molecule or study 
drug by the investigator.  Some IRBs may have other specific AE requirements to which investigators are 
expected to adhere.  Investigators must immediately forward to their IRB any written safety report or 
update provided by EMD Serono, Inc (e.g., IND safety report, Investigator’s Brochure, safety amendments 
and updates, etc.) per IRB policy. 
13.4 
Drug Accountability 
An investigator is required to maintain adequate records of the disposition of investigational drugs 
according to procedures and requirements governing the use of investigational new drugs as described in 
the Code of Federal Regulations 21 CFR 312. 
13.5 
Protocol violations/deviations 
The investigator will conduct the study in compliance with the protocol. Modifications to the protocol will 
not be made without agreement of the Sponsor. Changes to the protocol will require written IRB approval 
prior to implementation, except when the modification is needed to eliminate an immediate hazard(s) to 
patients.  
When immediate deviation from the protocol is required to eliminate an immediate hazard to patients, the 
Investigator will contact the Sponsor or its designee if circumstances permit, to discuss the planned course 
of action. Any departures from the protocol must be fully documented as a protocol deviation. 
 
 


Version 5.0 (11-May-2021) 
52 
 
 
14 REFERENCES 
 
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Siegel, R.L., K.D. Miller, and A. Jemal, Cancer Statistics, 2017. CA Cancer J Clin, 2017. 67(1): p. 7-
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Fernandez-Gomez, J., et al., Predicting nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer recurrence and 
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4. 
Babjuk, M., et al., EAU Guidelines on Non-Muscle-invasive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder: 
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Jarow, J.P., et al., Clinical trial design for the development of new therapies for nonmuscle-invasive 
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Zlotta, A.R., N.E. Fleshner, and M.A. Jewett, The management of BCG failure in non-muscle-
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Catalona, W.J., et al., Risks and benefits of repeated courses of intravesical bacillus Calmette-
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Bostwick, D.G., Natural history of early bladder cancer. J Cell Biochem Suppl, 1992. 16I: p. 31-8. 
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Lamm, D.L., et al., Maintenance bacillus Calmette-Guerin immunotherapy for recurrent TA, T1 
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Gallagher, B.L., et al., Impact of previous bacille Calmette-Guerin failure pattern on subsequent 
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11. 
Herr, H.W. and G. Dalbagni, Defining bacillus Calmette-Guerin refractory superficial bladder 
tumors. J Urol, 2003. 169(5): p. 1706-8. 
12. 
Blank, C., et al., PD-L1/B7H-1 inhibits the effector phase of tumor rejection by T cell receptor (TCR) 
transgenic CD8+ T cells. Cancer Res, 2004. 64(3): p. 1140-5. 
13. 
Blank, C., T.F. Gajewski, and A. Mackensen, Interaction of PD-L1 on tumor cells with PD-1 on 
tumor-specific T cells as a mechanism of immune evasion: implications for tumor immunotherapy. 
Cancer Immunol Immunother, 2005. 54(4): p. 307-14. 
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Ribas, A., Tumor immunotherapy directed at PD-1. N Engl J Med, 2012. 366(26): p. 2517-9. 
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Topalian, S.L., et al., Safety, activity, and immune correlates of anti-PD-1 antibody in cancer. N 
Engl J Med, 2012. 366(26): p. 2443-54. 
16. 
Lipson, E.J., et al., Durable cancer regression off-treatment and effective reinduction therapy with 
an anti-PD-1 antibody. Clin Cancer Res, 2013. 19(2): p. 462-8. 


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17. 
McDermott, D.F., et al., Survival, Durable Response, and Long-Term Safety in Patients With 
Previously Treated Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma Receiving Nivolumab. J Clin Oncol, 2015. 
33(18): p. 2013-20. 
18. 
Ribas, A., et al., Pembrolizumab versus investigator-choice chemotherapy for ipilimumab-
refractory melanoma (KEYNOTE-002): a randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol, 
2015. 16(8): p. 908-18. 
19. 
Larkin, J., et al., Combined Nivolumab and Ipilimumab or Monotherapy in Untreated Melanoma. 
N Engl J Med, 2015. 373(1): p. 23-34. 
20. 
Nakanishi, J., et al., Overexpression of B7-H1 (PD-L1) significantly associates with tumor grade 
and postoperative prognosis in human urothelial cancers. Cancer Immunol Immunother, 2007. 
56(8): p. 1173-82. 
21. 
Bellmunt, J., et al., Pembrolizumab as Second-Line Therapy for Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma. N 
Engl J Med, 2017. 376(11): p. 1015-1026. 
22. 
Powles, T., et al., MPDL3280A (anti-PD-L1) treatment leads to clinical activity in metastatic 
bladder cancer. Nature, 2014. 515(7528): p. 558-62. 
23. 
Rosenberg, J.E., et al., Atezolizumab in patients with locally advanced and metastatic urothelial 
carcinoma who have progressed following treatment with platinum-based chemotherapy: a 
single-arm, multicentre, phase 2 trial. Lancet, 2016. 387(10031): p. 1909-20. 
24. 
Apolo, A.B., et al., Avelumab, an Anti-Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Antibody, In Patients With 
Refractory Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: Results From a Multicenter, Phase Ib Study. J Clin 
Oncol, 2017. 35(19): p. 2117-2124. 
25. 
Boyerinas, B., et al., Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity Activity of a Novel Anti-PD-L1 
Antibody Avelumab (MSB0010718C) on Human Tumor Cells. Cancer Immunol Res, 2015. 3(10): p. 
1148-1157. 
26. 
Khanna, S., et al., Malignant Mesothelioma Effusions Are Infiltrated by CD3+ T Cells Highly 
Expressing PD-L1 and the PD-L1+ Tumor Cells within These Effusions Are Susceptible to ADCC by 
the Anti-PD-L1 Antibody Avelumab. J Thorac Oncol, 2016. 11(11): p. 1993-2005. 
27. 
Vandeveer, A.J., et al., Systemic Immunotherapy of Non-Muscle Invasive Mouse Bladder Cancer 
with Avelumab, an Anti-PD-L1 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor. Cancer Immunol Res, 2016. 4(5): p. 
452-62. 
28. 
Kaufman, H.L., et al., Avelumab in patients with chemotherapy-refractory metastatic Merkel cell 
carcinoma: a multicentre, single-group, open-label, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol, 2016. 17(10): p. 
1374-1385. 
29. 
Heery, C.R., et al., Avelumab for metastatic or locally advanced previously treated solid tumours 
(JAVELIN Solid Tumor): a phase 1a, multicohort, dose-escalation trial. Lancet Oncol, 2017. 18(5): 
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30. 
Pieraerts, C., et al., Detection of functional antigen-specific T cells from urine of non-muscle 
invasive bladder cancer patients. Oncoimmunology, 2012. 1(5): p. 694-698. 
31. 
de Boer, E.C., et al., Leukocytes in the urine after intravesical BCG treatment for superficial 
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32. 
Smith, T.J., et al., 2006 update of recommendations for the use of white blood cell growth factors: 
an evidence-based clinical practice guideline. J Clin Oncol, 2006. 24(19): p. 3187-205. 
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Yokomizo, A., et al., Randomized Controlled Study of the Efficacy, Safety and Quality of Life with 
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Urol, 2016. 195(1): p. 41-6. 
 

SAP_001.pdf: 
OU-SCC-Stratton-ABC 
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS PLAN 
 
Phase Ib Study of Avelumab Plus Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) in Patients with Non-muscle Invasive 
Bladder Cancer (ABC Trial) 
 
Version 1.1 
Version date: May 3, 2021 
 
 
IND Number:  
 
142037  
NCT Number: 
 
NCT03892642 
Sponsor:  
 
 
The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center 
Stephenson Cancer Center  
800 NE 10th Street  
Oklahoma City, OK, 73104  
Funding Collaborator: 
EMD Serono, Inc. 
Principal Investigator: 
Kelly Stratton, MD 
 
 
 
 
800 NE 10th Street 
 
 
 
 
Oklahoma City, OK 73104 
 
 
 
 
Phone: 405-271-8707 
 
 
 
 
Kelly-Stratton@ouhsc.edu 
Co-Investigator: 
 
Michael S. Cookson, MD 
 
 
 
 
Abhishek Tripathi, MD 
Biostatistician  
 
Yan Daniel Zhao, PhD 
SAP Author:  
 
Andrew Cohoon, MPH 
Study Products: 
Atezolizumab (RO5541267) 
 
Bevacizumab 
Test Products: 
Avelumab 
 
Intravesical BCG 
 


OU-SCC-Stratton-ABC 
Abbreviations 
 
BCG 
 
Bacille Calmette-Guérin 
CFS 
 
Cystectomy-free survival 
cOR 
 
Clinical response 
CR 
 
Complete response 
EOS 
 
End of study 
NMIBC  
Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer  
OS 
 
Overall survival 
pCR 
 
Pathological complete response 
PFS 
 
Progression free survival 
PR 
 
Partial response 
RFS 
 
Recurrence free survival 
SAP 
 
Statistical analysis plan 
 
 


OU-SCC-Stratton-ABC 
Contents 
 
Objectives 
4 
Primary Objectives 
4 
Major Secondary Objectives 
4 
Exploratory Research Objectives 
4 
Design information 
5 
General statistical considerations 
5 
Sample Size and Power 
5 
Study Populations 
6 
Inclusion Criteria 
6 
Exclusion Criteria 
7 
Analysis Populations 
8 
Patient Population Summary 
9 
Antitumor Evaluation 
10 
Safety Analyses 
11 
Adverse Events 
11 
Laboratory Abnormalities 
11 
Handling of Missing Data 
11 
 
 
 


OU-SCC-Stratton-ABC 
 
1. Objectives 
a. Primary Objectives  
i. To evaluate the safety and tolerability of combination induction therapy with BCG + 
avelumab as defined as the ability to complete a full induction course (at least 5 of 6 
treatments of BCG + avelumab within eight weeks of starting treatment).  
 
b. Major Secondary Objectives  
i. To evaluate the feasibility and tolerability of combination therapy with BCG + 
avelumab as measured by the endpoint of 6 month treatment completion rate 
based on patients completion of at least 2 of 3 treatments within a 5 week period at 
the 6 Month maintenance treatment.  
ii. To evaluate 3-month complete response (CR) rate, 6-month CR rate, recurrence free 
survival (RFS), cystectomy-free survival (CFS), and overall survival. 
 
c. Patient-reported Outcome Objectives 
i. To evaluate the impact of combination therapy with BCG + avelumab on quality of 
life in patients with NMIBC. 
 
d. Exploratory Research Objectives  
i. To identify potential biomarkers that would associate with tumor response from the 
combination of avelumab and intravesical BCG.  
2. Endpoints 
a. Primary Endpoint 
i. Completion of induction therapy with combined BCG + avelumab as defined as 
freedom from dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) (Section 5.2.1) preventing completion of 
at least 5 of 6 treatments of BCG + avelumab within 8 weeks.    
b. Secondary Endpoint 
i. 
 6 Month maintenance treatment completion as defined as completion of at least 2 
of 3 maintenance treatments within a 5 week period without DLT or disease 
progression. Disease status will be evaluated based on cystoscopy and urine 
cytology prior to maintenance therapy. Patients with persistent or recurrent high-
grade disease at 6 Month cystoscopy will be taken off treatment.  Low-grade 
recurrence will be tolerated without treatment interruption. 
ii. 3-month and 6-month complete response (CR) based on negative cystoscopy and 
urine cytology. 
iii. Recurrence free survival (RFS) at 6 and 12 months, defined as proportion of patients 
who are alive and free of persistent or recurrent NMIBC based on cystoscopy, 
cytology and/or biopsy. 
iv. Progression-free survival (PFS) at 6 and 12 months, as defined by time from day of 
first treatment to first progression to higher grade or stage, including muscle-
invasive disease or death from any cause  
v. Cystectomy-free survival (CFS), defined as time from study initiation to cystectomy 
or death 
vi. Overall survival, defined as time from day of first treatment to death from any cause  
c. Exploratory Endpoint 


OU-SCC-Stratton-ABC 
i. To obtain preliminary data of potential biomarkers that would associate with tumor 
response from the combination of avelumab and intravesical BCG.  
ii. 
 Avelumab combined with intravesical BCG will improve quality of life in patients 
with NMIBC.   
 
3. Design information 
a. General statistical considerations 
i. This is a single arm, phase Ib study. A total of 18 evaluable patients will be enrolled 
at the Stephenson Cancer Center. More than 40 patients with bladder cancer 
initiate intravesical BCG treatment in our Urologic Oncology clinic each year, 
including approximately 40% patients with BCG-treated but unresponsive NMIBC 
(persistent or recurrent) who are hopefully eligible for the proposed study. Based on 
our prior experience with a similar patient population, we anticipate enrollment of 1 
patient per month.  
 
ii. An interim safety analysis will be conducted when 3-6 patients have received ≥ 5 
doses of BCG treatment in dose level 1. If the combination therapy in dose level 1 is 
not tolerated (2 or more patients experience a DLT), dose level -1 will be evaluated 
in additional 3-6 eligible patients.  
 
iii. The planned sample size is 18 evaluable patients for dose expansion cohort. 
Conservatively allowing for up to 10% dropout, we will enroll up to 27 patients for 
an evaluable 18.  Thus the maximal study period will be 54 months (30 months 
accrual plus 12 months study treatment plus 12 months survival followup). It is 
assumed this is sufficient to observe the minimum number completed cycles and to 
assess the time-to-event variables, including recurrence free survival and OS. 
 
b. Sample Size and Power 
i. The primary objective is to ensure patients can tolerate a complete induction course 
of combination therapy as defined by the ability to receive at least 5 of 6 treatments 
of BCG + avelumab within eight weeks of starting treatment. By using a modified 
3+3 design for DLT observation, we expect to enroll 3-6 patients for dose level 1. If 
dose level 1 is not tolerated, then an additional 3-6 patients will be enrolled in dose 
level -1.  
 
ii. The most important secondary objective is to evaluate the feasibility of remaining 
on combination treatment to complete Month 6 maintenance therapy without 
dose-limiting toxicity. Therefore, an additional 12-15 patients will be enrolled and 
will receive the final dose. The proportion of patients completing Month 6 
maintenance will be calculated and a 95% confidence interval constructed for the 
completion rate. The expected completion rate is about 60%. However, the final 
sample size was obtained from feasibility and not formal power analysis. With 18 
patients at the final dose and an expected completion rate of 60%, the lower bound 
of the two-sided Wilson Score 95% confidence interval (CI) would be 37.6%. 
Although this lower limit was not clinically meaningful, it is provided to show the 
width of the CI given a desired 60% completion rate and the small sample size.  


OU-SCC-Stratton-ABC 
 
iii. In order to enroll 18 evaluable patients for dose expansion cohort, we may need to 
screen up to 27 patients if dose level -1 will be evaluated as the final dose level since 
we expect a percentage of these patients to be screen failures or withdrawals.  
4. Study Populations 
Inclusion and exclusion criteria are sometimes modified during the duration of the protocol.  Before 
beginning analysis, the statistical team will review the criteria in the SAP to confirm it is up to date 
with the current criteria. 
 
Target population: Male or female patients must be 18 years of age or older before the screening 
visit to be enrolled in the study. Patients must have histologic or cytological diagnosis of Non-muscle 
Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC), and the cancer is BCG-treated but unresponsive (recurrent or 
persistent). Patients must have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 
of 0 to 2 and adequate clinical laboratory values. 
 
a. Inclusion Criteria 
i. Histologically or cytologically documented Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer 
(NMIBC). 
ii. Patient with BCG-treated but unresponsive NMIBC (persistent or recurrent defined 
as tumor lesion present after prior response). 
iii. An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status score of 0 to 2. 
iv. Patients who are able to understand and sign the informed consent form. 
v. Age ≥ 18 years old. 
vi. Ability to comply with protocol. 
vii. Life expectancy >/=12 weeks. 
viii. Adequate hematologic and end-organ function. 
1. ANC ≥ 1500/μL (without granulocyte colony-stimulating factor support 
within 2 weeks prior to the first dose of study treatment). 
2. Platelet count ≥ 100,000/μL (without transfusion within 2 weeks prior to the 
first dose of study treatment) 
3. Hemoglobin ≥ 9.0 g/dL; Patients may be transfused or receive erythropoietic 
treatment, at least 7 days prior to the first dose of study treatment, to meet 
this criterion. 
4. AST and ALT ≤ 2.5 × ULN. 
5. Serum bilirubin ≤ 1.5 × ULN; Patients with known Gilbert disease who have 
serum bilirubin level ≤ 3 × ULN may be enrolled. 
6. INR and aPTT ≤ 1.5 × ULN; this applies only to patients who are not receiving 
therapeutic anticoagulation; patients receiving therapeutic anticoagulation 
should be on a stable dose. 
7. Creatinine clearance >/=30 milliliters per minute (mL/min) (calculated using 
the Cockcroft-Gault formula). 
ix. For women of childbearing potential: Negative serum or urine pregnancy test at 
screening. 
x. For both male and female subjects: agreement to remain abstinent (refrain from 
heterosexual intercourse) or use highly effective contraceptive methods that result 
in a failure rate of <1% per year during the treatment period and for at least 30 days 
after the last dose of study drug. 


OU-SCC-Stratton-ABC 
xi.  
b. Exclusion Criteria 
i. Evidence of locally advanced or metastatic bladder cancer (including disease 
involving renal pelvis, ureter, or prostatic urethra). 
ii. Evidence of muscle-invasive bladder cancer. 
iii. Evidence of extravesical bladder cancer. 
iv. Active central nervous system (CNS) metastases. 
v. Prior treatment with PD-L1 inhibitor. 
vi. Prior radiation to the bladder. 
vii. Patient has a known additional malignancy that required active treatment within 
the last 2 years. Exceptions include basal cell carcinoma of the skin or squamous cell 
carcinoma of the skin. 
viii. Patient is considered a poor medical risk that would interfere with cooperation with 
the requirements of the study. 
ix. Patient has a condition or laboratory abnormality that might confound the study 
results, or interfere with the patient’s participation for the full duration of the study 
treatment. 
x. Patient has not recovered (i.e, to ≤Grade 1 or to baseline) from previous intravesical 
BCG or other anti-cancer therapy induced AEs. 
1. alopecia, sensory neuropathy Grade ≤ 2, or other Grade ≤ 2 not constituting 
a safety risk based on investigator’s judgment are acceptable 11.  
xi. Treatment with any approved anti-cancer therapy, including chemotherapy 
(systemic or intravesical), radiation therapy, or hormonal therapy within 3 weeks 
prior to the first dose of study treatment. 
1. Use of hormone-replacement therapy and oral contraceptives is permitted. 
xii. Treatment with any other investigational agent or participation in another clinical 
study with therapeutic intent within 4 weeks prior to the first dose of study 
treatment. 
xiii. Pregnant or lactating, or intending to become pregnant during the study. 
1. Women who are not postmenopausal (≥ 12 months of non−therapy-induced 
amenorrhea) or surgically sterile must have a negative serum pregnancy 
test result within 14 days prior to the first dose of study treatment. 
xiv. History of severe allergic, anaphylactic, or other hypersensitivity reactions to 
chimeric or humanized antibodies or fusion proteins. 
xv. Known hypersensitivity to biopharmaceuticals produced in Chinese hamster ovary 
cells. 
xvi. Allergy or hypersensitivity to components of the avelumab formulation. 
xvii. History of autoimmune disease, including but not limited to myasthenia gravis, 
myositis, autoimmune hepatitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid 
arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, vascular thrombosis associated with anti-
phospholipid syndrome, Wegener’s granulomatosis, Sjögren’s syndrome, Guillain-
Barré syndrome, multiple sclerosis, vasculitis, or glomerulonephritis. 
1. Patients with medically controlled endocrinopathy (e.g., hypothyroidism, 
adrenal insufficiency), diabetes type I, vitiligo, psoriasis, or hypo- or 
hyperthyroid diseases not requiring immunosuppressive treatment are 
eligible. 
xviii. Prior allogeneic stem cell or solid organ transplantation. 
xix. Current use of immunosuppressive medication, EXCEPT for the following: 


OU-SCC-Stratton-ABC 
1. Intranasal, inhaled, topical steroids, or local steroid injection (e.g., intra-
articular injection). 
2. Systemic corticosteroids at physiologic doses ≤ 10 mg/day of prednisone or 
equivalent. 
3. Steroids as premedication for hypersensitivity reactions (e.g., CT scan 
premedication). 
xx. History of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, organizing pneumonia (e.g., bronchiolitis 
obliterans), drug-induced pneumonitis, idiopathic pneumonitis, or evidence of 
active pneumonitis on screening chest CT scan. 
1. History of radiation pneumonitis in the radiation field (fibrosis) is permitted. 
xxi. Positive test for HIV. 
xxii. Active hepatitis B (positive hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg] test at screening);  
1. Patients with past or resolved hepatitis B (HBV) infection (positive anti-
hepatitis B core antigen [anti-HBc] antibody test) are eligible. HBV DNA must 
be obtained in these patients prior to the first dose of study treatment. 
xxiii. Active hepatitis C. 
1. Patients positive for hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody are eligible only if 
polymerase chain reaction assay is negative for HCV RNA. 
xxiv. Active infection requiring systemic therapy. 
xxv. Severe infections within 4 weeks prior to the first dose of study treatment, including 
but not limited to hospitalization for complications of infection, bacteremia, or 
severe pneumonia. 
xxvi. Significant cardiovascular disease, such as cerebral vascular accident/stroke (< 6 
months prior to enrollment), New York Heart Association cardiac disease (Class II or 
greater), myocardial infarction within the previous 6 months, unstable arrhythmias, 
or unstable angina. 
xxvii. Administration of a live/attenuated vaccine within 4 weeks prior to the first dose of 
study treatment, within 5 months following the administration of the last dose of 
study drug, or anticipation that such a live/attenuated vaccine will be required 
during the study. 
xxviii. Other severe acute or chronic medical conditions including immune colitis, 
inflammatory bowel disease, immune pneumonitis, pulmonary fibrosis or 
psychiatric conditions including recent (within the past year) or active suicidal 
ideation or behavior; or laboratory abnormalities that may increase the risk 
associated with study participation or study treatment administration or may 
interfere with the interpretation of study results and, in the judgment of the 
investigator, would make the patient inappropriate for entry into this study. 
5. Analysis Populations 
The analysis populations are defined as below.  
 
a. Safety population: All patients who receive at least one dose of combination avelumab and 
BCG will be included in the analyses of compliance and safety. 
b. Biomarker population: For biomarker analysis, the biomarker population will comprise all 
evaluable patients who have sufficient baseline and on-study biomarker measurements. 
c. Evaluable population: Evaluable patients will be defined as patients who receive at least 5 
doses of intravesical BCG and avelumab IV weekly during induction treatment and complete 
the first post-treatment cystoscopy and/or urine cytology for tumor assessment. Patients 


OU-SCC-Stratton-ABC 
who discontinued study treatment due to toxicity incurred by previous therapy will be 
evaluated for safety analysis, but will be replaced by additional patients for the efficacy 
analysis.  
 
Patients removed from study for early withdrawal or hypersensitivity reactions will be 
replaced if they have received less than 5 doses of study treatment during induction 
treatment, but will be included in the safety analysis.  
 
Patients who do not receive at least 5 doses of intravesical BCG and avelumab IV during 
induction treatment will be considered unevaluable for efficacy analysis and will be replaced 
unless the missed doses were due to development of grade 3-4 adverse events related to 
study treatment. 
 
Evaluable population will be used for the analysis of EORTC QOQ-C30 (Section 6) and 
antitumor measures (Section 8). 
6. Patient Population Summary 
a. The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life 
Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) functional scales, symptom scales, and global health and 
quality of life scale will be summarized. 
 
7. DLT Analysis 
a. Completion of induction therapy with combined BCG + avelumab as defined as freedom 
from  dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) preventing completion of at least 5 of 6 treatments of BCG 
+ avelumab within 8 weeks. Dose limiting toxicity will be based on the first 6 weeks of 
proposed study treatment. If 0/3 patients experience a DLT, dose expansion cohort will be 
activated for additional 15 patients. If 1/3 patients experiences a DLT, the dose level 1 will 
be expanded to 3 more patients. If 1/6 patients experiences a DLT, the dose expansion 
cohort will be activated for additional 12 patients. If 2 or more of the 6 patients experience 
a DLT, the dose level -1 will be evaluated. If the combination therapy in Cohort -1 is not 
tolerated (2 or more patients experience a DLT), the study will be suspended for 
reassessment.   
i. Definition of Dose limiting toxicity 
1. During safety lead-in phase, Dose limiting toxicity (DLT) will be monitored 
during the first 6 weeks of the combination avelumab and intravesical BCG. 
DLTs will be defined as any and all adverse events at least possibly related to 
study drug which occur in the DLT evaluation period and meet the criteria 
below, as evaluated by the NCI-CTCAE version 5.0.   
2. Note: DLTs and other toxicities will be discussed between the Principal 
Investigator, and the Data Safety Monitoring Committee (DSMC). The 
discussions are the basis for the decisions regarding dose expansion (or de-
escalation) according to the rules of the protocol.  
3. DLT will be classified as either hematologic or non-hematologic toxicity 
(assessed in accordance with the CTCAE Version 5.0 criteria).  
4. The following are DLTs: 
a. Toxicity causing greater than 2 weeks of dose delay. For example, if 
a subject has dose delay greater than 2 weeks due to an AE, such AE 
is a DLT. 


OU-SCC-Stratton-ABC 
b. Grade 4 neutropenia greater than 5 days. 
c. ALT/AST > 3x ULN with bilirubin > 2x ULN without another 
explanation (e.g., cholestasis). 
d. Any Grade 3 hypersensitivity reaction is a DLT. 
e. Grade 4 thrombocytopenia of any duration. 
f. Grade 3 thrombocytopenia with significant hemorrhage of any 
duration. 
g. Febrile neutropenia  
h. Any non-hematological Grade ≥ 3 toxicities will be a DLT.  
5. The following may be considered as exceptions to DLTs: 1.  
a. Grade 3 nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea and Grade 4 vomiting or 
diarrhea in the absence of maximal medical therapy that resolves in 
72 hours. 
b. Grade 3 fatigue lasting < 5 days. 
c. Grade 3 hypertension that can be controlled with medical therapy. 
d. An increase of indirect (unconjugated) bilirubin indicative of 
Gilbert’s syndrome. 
e. Serum lipase and/or serum amylase CTCAE Grade 3 ≤ 7 consecutive 
days without clinical signs or symptoms of pancreatitis. 
ii. Definition of DLT Evaluable Population 
1. Patients enrolled in safety lead-in cohort who receive at least 4 doses and 
complete the DLT observation period (the first 42 days of induction 
treatment), unless the patient discontinued the study treatment due to a 
DLT. 
8. Antitumor Evaluation 
a. The proportion of patients receiving a complete induction course (at least 5 of 6 treatments 
of BCG + avelumab within eight weeks of starting treatment) at 3 months and at 6 months 
will be calculated and a 95% Wilson score confidence interval constructed for the 
completion rate. 
b. The 3-month and/or 6-month complete response (CR) rates will be summarized as the 
proportion (and 95% CI) of patients with complete tumor response at month 3 or 6 of study 
treatment. Patients who remain CR at end of study (EOS) are censored at their last 
cystoscopy date. 
c. The duration of response will be calculated as time from the date of first response 
(complete response (CR), partial response (PR), pathological complete response (pCR)) to 
the first date of non-response. Duration of response will be summarized using the Kaplan-
Meier method.  Median duration of response with 95% CI will be computed. Results will be 
presented in tabular and graphic form, as appropriate. 
d. Progression-Free Survival (PFS) at six month and twelve months is defined as the time in 
months from the first dose of the drug to the date of death or the first documented date of 
progression, whichever comes first.  For patients who did not die and did not have 
progression, the PFS is censored at the last documented tumor assessment.  Survival curve 
for PFS will be generated using the Kaplan-Meier method.  Median PFS with 95% CI will be 
computed. Those without an event are censored at their last valid tumor assessment, or at 
the last tumor assessment before patient start of the new therapy if a patient has started 
new anti-cancer therapy. 


OU-SCC-Stratton-ABC 
e. Overall survival (OS) is defined as time in months from first dose of the drug to the date of 
death. Patients who are still alive at EOS are censored on the date they were last known to 
be alive. Survival curve for OS will be generated using the Kaplan-Meier method.  Median OS 
with 95% CI will be computed.  If overall survival cannot by calculated due to no patient 
deaths, it will not be reported. 
f. Recurrence free survival (RFS) at 6 and 12 months, defined as proportion of patients who 
are alive and free of persistent or recurrent NMIBC based on cystoscopy, cytology and/or 
biopsy. Survival curve for RFS will be generated using the Kaplan-Meier method.  Median 
PFS with 95% CI will be computed. Patients without a recurrence will be censored at their 
last cystoscopy date. 
g. Cystectomy-free survival (CFS), defined as time from study initiation to cystectomy or death. 
Survival curve for CFS will be generated using the Kaplan-Meier method.  Median PFS with 
95% CI will be computed.  If CFS cannot be calculated due to not enough patients 
undergoing cystectomy, it will not be reported. 
9. Safety Analyses 
a. Adverse Events 
i. Severity of AEs will be graded according to the CTCAE Version 5.0. Adverse events 
not included in the CTCAE, Version 5.0 must be graded as follows: Mild, Moderate, 
Severe, Life-threatening, and Fatal according to the following definitions: 
1. Mild: The AE is noticeable to the patient but does not interfere with routine 
activity. 
2. Moderate: The AE interferes with routine activity but responds to 
symptomatic therapy or rest. 
3. Severe: The AE significantly limits the patient's ability to perform routine 
activities despite symptomatic therapy. 
4. Life-threatening: The AE places the patient at risk of death at the time of the 
event. 
5. Fatal: The AE results in the death of the patient. 
ii. Frequency and severity of adverse events will be tabulated by body system, type 
and maximum grade. Serious adverse events will be listed. 
b. Laboratory Abnormalities 
i. An abnormal laboratory value that is not already associated with an AE is to be 
recorded as an AE only if any one of the following criteria is met: 
1. an action on the study drug is made as a result of the abnormality 
2. intervention for management of the abnormality is required 
3. at the discretion of the investigator should the abnormality be deemed 
clinically significant 
10. Handling of Missing Data 
Every effort will be made to collect information at all defined visits including at early withdrawal or 
dropout. Reasons for missing data will be summarized. However, there will be no imputation of 
missing data.