dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
33 U.S.C. § 1983 (NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS)
§ 1983. Authorization of appropriations
(a) In general
There is authorized to be appropriated to the Under Secretary $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2018 through 2029 for carrying out sections 1952, 1954, and 1955 of this title, of which not more than 7 percent is authorized for each fiscal year for administrative costs.
(b) Amounts authorized for Coast Guard
Of the amounts authorized for each fiscal year under section 4902(1) of title 14, up to $2,000,000 is authorized for the Secretary of the department in which the Coast Guard is operating for use by the Commandant of the Coast Guard to carry out section 1953 of this title, of which not more than 5 percent is authorized for each fiscal year for administrative costs.
(Pub. L. 109–449, § 133, formerly § 9, Dec. 22, 2006, 120 Stat. 3339; Pub. L. 115–265, title I, § 105, Oct. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 3744; Pub. L. 116–224, title I, § 101(2), Dec. 18, 2020, 134 Stat. 1074; Pub. L. 117–263, div. K, title CXIII, § 11328(b), Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 4098; Pub. L. 118–31, div. C, title XXXV, § 3514(i), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 811; Pub. L. 119–65, § 3(i), Dec. 26, 2025, 139 Stat. 1989; renumbered § 133 and amended Pub. L. 119–65, §§ 4(b)(1), 6(a), (d), Dec. 26, 2025, 139 Stat. 1989, 1990.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Section was formerly classified to section 1958 of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 119–65.
heading: Amendments
text: 2025—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 119–65, § 6(d), made technical amendment to references in original Act which appear in text as references to sections 1952, 1954, and 1955 of this title.
Pub. L. 119–65, § 6(a), substituted “Under Secretary” for “Administrator”.
Pub. L. 119–65, § 3(i), substituted “for each of fiscal years 2018 through 2029 for carrying out” for “for fiscal year 2023 for carrying out”.
2023—Pub. L. 118–31, § 3514(i), amended directory language of Pub. L. 117–263, § 11328(b). See 2022 Amendment notes below.
2022—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 117–263, § 11328(b)(1), as amended by Pub. L. 118–31, § 3514(i), substituted “fiscal year 2023” for “each of fiscal years 2018 through 2022”.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 117–263, § 11328(b)(2), as amended by Pub. L. 118–31, § 3514(i), substituted “4902(1)” for “2702(1)”.
2020—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 116–224 substituted “$15,000,000” for “$10,000,000” and “7 percent” for “5 percent”.
2018—Pub. L. 115–265 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section read as follows: “There are authorized to be appropriated for each fiscal year 2006 through 2010—
“(1) to the Administrator for carrying out sections 1952 and 1955 of this title, $10,000,000, of which no more than 10 percent may be for administrative costs; and
“(2) to the Secretary of the Department in which the Coast Guard is operating, for the use of the Commandant of the Coast Guard in carrying out section 1953 of this title, $2,000,000, of which no more than 10 percent may be used for administrative costs.”
33 U.S.C. § 1984 (NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS)
§ 1984. Prioritization of marine debris in existing innovation and entrepreneurship programs
In carrying out any relevant innovation and entrepreneurship programs that improve the innovation, effectiveness, and efficiency of the Marine Debris Program established under section 1952 1 of this title without undermining the purpose for which such program was established, the Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of Energy, the EPA Administrator, and the heads of other relevant Federal agencies, shall prioritize efforts to combat marine debris, including by—
(1) increasing innovation in methods and the effectiveness of efforts to identify, determine sources of, assess, prevent, reduce, and remove marine debris; and
(2) addressing the impacts of marine debris on—
(A) the economy of the United States;
(B) the marine environment; and
(C) navigation safety.
(Pub. L. 109–449, § 134, formerly § 10, as added Pub. L. 116–224, title I, § 101(3), Dec. 18, 2020, 134 Stat. 1075; renumbered § 134 and amended Pub. L. 119–65, §§ 4(b)(1), 6(e), Dec. 26, 2025, 139 Stat. 1989, 1990.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: Section 1952 of this title, referred to in text, was in the original “section 3”, and was translated as reading “section 101” of Pub. L. 109–449 to reflect the probable intent of Congress and the renumbering of section 3 as 101 by Pub. L. 119–65, § 2(a)(2).
heading: Codification
text: Section was formerly classified to section 1959 of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 119–65.
heading: Amendments
text: 2025—Pub. L. 119–65, § 6(e), substituted “EPA Administrator” for “Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency” in introductory provisions.
33 U.S.C. § 2346a (NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS)
§ 2346a. Real estate administrative fees
(a) In general
Not later than 30 days after January 4, 2025, the Secretary shall initiate the development of guidance to standardize processes for developing, updating, and tracking real estate administrative fees administered by the Corps of Engineers.
(b) Guidance
In developing guidance under subsection (a), the Secretary shall—
(1) outline standard methodologies to estimate costs for purposes of setting real estate administrative fees;
(2) define the types of activities involved in managing real estate instruments that are included for purposes of setting such fees;
(3) establish cost-tracking procedures to capture data relating to the activities described in paragraph (2) for purposes of setting such fees;
(4) outline a schedule for divisions or districts of the Corps of Engineers to review, and update as appropriate, real estate administrative fees, including specifying what such reviews should entail and the frequency of such reviews; and
(5) provide opportunities for stakeholder input on real estate administrative fees.
(c) Publicly available
The Secretary shall make publicly available on the website of each Corps of Engineers district—
(1) the guidance developed under this section; and
(2) any other relevant information on real estate administrative fees, including lists of real estate instruments requiring such fees, and methodologies used to set such fees.
(Pub. L. 118–272, div. A, title I, § 1120, Jan. 4, 2025, 138 Stat. 3014.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 2024, and also as part of the Thomas R. Carper Water Resources Development Act of 2024, and not as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 which comprises this chapter.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: “Secretary” Defined
text: Secretary means the Secretary of the Army, see section 1002 of Pub. L. 118–272, set out as a note under section 2201 of this title.
33 U.S.C. § 4211...4219 (NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS)
§§ 4211 to 4219. Transferred
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Sections 111 to 119 of Pub. L. 116–224, formerly classified to sections 4211 to 4219, respectively, of this title, were renumbered sections 111 to 119 of Pub. L. 109–449 by Pub. L. 119–65, § 3(a), Dec. 26, 2025, 139 Stat. 1987, and transferred to sections 1961 to 1969, respectively, of this title.
33 U.S.C. § 4231...4237 (NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS)
§§ 4231 to 4237. Transferred
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Sections 121 to 127 of Pub. L. 116–224, formerly classified to sections 4231 to 4237, respectively, of this title, were renumbered sections 121 to 127 of Pub. L. 109–449 by Pub. L. 119–65, § 4(a), Dec. 26, 2025, 139 Stat. 1989, and transferred to sections 1971 to 1977, respectively, of this title.
43 U.S.C. § 3008 (PUBLIC LANDS)
§ 3008. Renewable energy revenue sharing
(a) Definitions
In this section:
(1) County
The term “county” includes a parish, township, borough, and any other similar, independent unit of local government.
(2) Covered land
The term “covered land” means land that is—
(A) public land administered by the Secretary; and
(B) not excluded from the development of solar or wind energy under—
(i) a land use plan; or
(ii) other Federal law.
(3) National Forest System
(A) In general
The term “National Forest System” means land of the National Forest System (as defined in section 1609(a) of title 16) administered by the Secretary of Agriculture.
(B) Exclusion
The term “National Forest System” does not include any forest reserve not created from the public domain.
(4) Public land
The term “public land” means—
(A) public lands (as defined in section 1702 of this title); and
(B) National Forest System land.
(5) Renewable energy project
The term “renewable energy project” means a system described in section 2801.9(a)(4) of title 43, Code of Federal Regulations (as in effect on July 4, 2025), located on covered land that uses wind or solar energy to generate energy.
(6) Secretary
The term “Secretary” means—
(A) the Secretary of the Interior, with respect to land controlled or administered by the Secretary of the Interior; and
(B) the Secretary of Agriculture, with respect to National Forest System land.
(b) Disposition of revenue
(1) Disposition of revenues
Beginning on January 1, 2026, the amounts collected from a renewable energy project as bonus bids, rentals, fees, or other payments under a right-of-way, permit, lease, or other authorization shall—
(A) be deposited in the general fund of the Treasury; and
(B) without further appropriation or fiscal year limitation, be allocated as follows:
(i) 25 percent shall be paid from amounts in the general fund of the Treasury to the State within the boundaries of which the revenue is derived.
(ii) 25 percent shall be paid from amounts in the general fund of the Treasury to each county in a State within the boundaries of which the revenue is derived, to be allocated among each applicable county based on the percentage of county land from which the revenue is derived.
(2) Payments to States and counties
(A) In general
Amounts paid to States and counties under paragraph (1) shall be used in accordance with the requirements of section 191 of title 30.
(B) Payments in lieu of taxes
A payment to a county under paragraph (1) shall be in addition to a payment in lieu of taxes received by the county under chapter 69 of title 31.
(C) Timing
The amounts required to be paid under paragraph (1)(B) for an applicable fiscal year shall be made available in the fiscal year that immediately follows the fiscal year for which the amounts were collected.
(Pub. L. 119–21, title V, § 50303, July 4, 2025, 139 Stat. 150.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of Pub. L. 119–21, and not as part of subtitle B of title III of div. Z of Pub. L. 116–260 which comprises this chapter.
42 U.S.C. § 1780 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 1780. Prohibitions
(a) Interference with school personnel, curriculum, or instruction
In carrying out the provisions of sections 1772 and 1773 of this title, the Secretary shall not impose any requirements with respect to teaching personnel, curriculum, instruction, methods of instruction, and materials of instruction.
(b) Inclusion of assistance in determining income or resources
The value of assistance to children under this chapter shall not be considered to be income or resources for any purpose under any Federal or State laws including, but not limited to, laws relating to taxation, welfare, and public assistance programs. Expenditures of funds from State and local sources for the maintenance of food programs for children shall not be diminished as a result of funds received under this chapter.
(c) Federal law not applicable
Section 1693o–2 of title 15 shall not apply to electronic benefit transfer systems established under this chapter or the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.).
(Pub. L. 89–642, § 11, Oct. 11, 1966, 80 Stat. 889; Pub. L. 97–35, title VIII, § 819(f), Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 533; Pub. L. 104–193, title VII, § 726, Aug. 22, 1996, 110 Stat. 2302; Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1075(d), July 21, 2010, 124 Stat. 2074.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: The Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act, referred to in subsec. (c), is act June 4, 1946, ch. 281, 60 Stat. 230, which is classified generally to chapter 13 (§ 1751 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1751 of this title and Tables.
heading: Amendments
text: 2010—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 111–203 added subsec. (c).
1996—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–193 substituted “the Secretary shall not” for “neither the Secretary nor the State shall”.
1981—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 97–35 struck out reference to section 1774 of this title.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 2010 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 111–203 effective 1 day after July 21, 2010, except as otherwise provided, see section 4 of Pub. L. 111–203, set out as an Effective Date note under section 5301 of Title 12, Banks and Banking.
heading: Effective Date of 1981 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 97–35 effective Oct. 1, 1981, see section 820(a)(4) of Pub. L. 97–35, set out as a note under section 1753 of this title.
18 U.S.C. § 28 (CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE)
§ 28. Human trafficking defense
(a) Definitions.—
In this section—
(1) the term “covered Federal offense” means a level A offense or level B offense, as those terms are defined in section 3771A; and
(2) the term “victim of trafficking” has the meaning given the term in section 103 of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7102).
(b) Duress.—
In a prosecution for a covered Federal offense, a defendant may establish duress by demonstrating that the defendant was a victim of trafficking at the time at which the defendant committed the offense.
(c) Record or Proceeding Under Seal.—
In any proceeding in which a defense under subsection (b) is raised, any record or part of the proceeding related to the defense shall, on motion, be placed under seal until such time as a conviction is entered for the offense.
(d) Post-Conviction Relief.—
A failure to assert, or failed assertion of, a defense under subsection (b) by an individual who is convicted of a covered Federal offense may not preclude the individual from asserting as a mitigating factor, at sentencing or in a proceeding for any post-conviction relief, that at the time of the commission of the offense, the defendant was a victim of trafficking and committed the offense under duress.
(e) Federal Aid.—
A failure to assert, or failed assertion of, a defense under subsection (b) by an individual who is convicted of a covered Federal offense may not be used for the purpose of disqualifying the individual from participating in any federally funded program that aids victims of trafficking.
(Added Pub. L. 119–73, § 6(a), Jan. 23, 2026, 139 Stat. 2009.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Rule of Construction
text: Pub. L. 119–73, § 8, Jan. 23, 2026, 139 Stat. 2010, provided that: “Nothing in this Act [see Short Title of 2026 Amendment note set out under section 1 of this title], or the amendments made by this Act, may be construed to conflict with any of the crime victims’ rights described in section 3771 of title 18, United States Code.”
3 U.S.C. § 18 (THE PRESIDENT)
§ 18. Same; parliamentary procedure at joint session
While the two Houses shall be in session as provided in this chapter, the President of the Senate shall have power to preserve order; and no debate shall be allowed and no question shall be put by the presiding officer except to either House on a motion to withdraw under section 15(d)(2)(C)(i).
(June 25, 1948, ch. 644, 62 Stat. 676; Sept. 3, 1954, ch. 1263, § 3, 68 Stat. 1227; Pub. L. 117–328, div. P, title I, § 110(b), (c)(2), Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 5240.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2022—Pub. L. 117–328, § 110(c)(2), substituted “session” for “meeting” in section catchline and text.
Pub. L. 117–328, § 110(b), inserted “under section 15(d)(2)(C)(i)” after “motion to withdraw”.
1954—Act Sept. 3, 1954, substituted “chapter” for “subchapter”.
5 U.S.C. § 3327 (GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION AND EMPLOYEES)
§ 3327. Civil service employment information
(a) The Office of Personnel Management shall provide that information concerning opportunities to participate in competitive examinations conducted by, or under authority delegated by, the Office of Personnel Management shall be made available to the employment offices of the United States Employment Service.
(b) Subject to such regulations as the Office may issue, each agency shall promptly notify the Office and the employment offices of the United States Employment Service of—
(1) each vacant position in the agency which is in the competitive service or the Senior Executive Service and for which the agency seeks applications from persons outside the Federal service, and
(2) the period during which applications will be accepted.
As used in this subsection, “agency” means an agency as defined in section 5102(a)(1) of this title other than an agency all the positions in which are excepted by statute from the competitive service.
(c) The Office of Personnel Management may authorize the Department of Defense to use flexible outreach methods, including curated prospect sourcing, provided that all hiring opportunities remain publicly accessible and merit-based.
(Added Pub. L. 95–454, title III, § 309(a), Oct. 13, 1978, 92 Stat. 1151; amended Pub. L. 119–60, div. A, title XI, § 1110(b), Dec. 18, 2025, 139 Stat. 1075.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 3327, Pub. L. 89–554, Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 424, which prescribed standards for determination of qualifications of postmasters, including experience in postal field service, seniority, length of service, level of difficulty and responsibility of work, attendance, awards and commendations, and performance rating, was repealed by Pub. L. 91–375, § 6(c)(7)(A), Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 776. See section 1001 of Title 39, Postal Service.
heading: Amendments
text: 2025—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 119–60 added subsec. (c).
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective 90 days after Oct. 13, 1978, see section 907 of Pub. L. 95–454, set out as an Effective Date of 1978 Amendment note under section 1101 of this title.
5 U.S.C. § 3330g (GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION AND EMPLOYEES)
§ 3330g. DOD use of shared talent pools and structured assessments
(a) Shared Talent Pools.—
The Department of Defense may share certificates of eligibles and curated prospect pools within the Department. Certificates issued under this authority shall remain valid for not less than one year from the date of issuance, subject to agency-specific qualification checks.
(b) Structured Assessments.—
The Department of Defense shall use validated structured interviews, technical evaluations, or other skills-based assessments as part of the hiring process for competitive service positions at the Department, in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Office of Personnel Management.
(Added Pub. L. 119–60, div. A, title XI, § 1110(d), Dec. 18, 2025, 139 Stat. 1076.)
5 U.S.C. § 3361 (GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION AND EMPLOYEES)
§ 3361. Promotion; competitive service; examination
(a) In General.—
An individual may be promoted in the competitive service only if he has passed an examination or is specifically excepted from examination under section 3302 of this title. This section does not take from the President any authority conferred by section 3301 of this title that is consistent with the provisions of this title governing the competitive service.
(b) DOD Promotions.—
Promotions in the competitive service within the Department of Defense may be made based on demonstrated skills and qualifications without regard to minimum time-in-grade requirements, subject to agency policies and applicable merit system principles.
(Pub. L. 89–554, Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 426; Pub. L. 119–60, div. A, title XI, § 1110(c), Dec. 18, 2025, 139 Stat. 1076.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Derivation
U.S. Code
Revised Statutes and
Statutes at Large
5 U.S.C. 638 (as applicable to promotion).
Jan. 16, 1883, ch. 27, § 7 (as applicable to promotion), 22 Stat. 406.
The words “That after the expiration of six months from the passage of this act” are omitted as executed. The words “in the competitive service” are substituted for “in either of the said classes now existing, or that may be arranged hereunder pursuant to said rules” because of the definition of “competitive service” in section 2102. In the second sentence, the words “the provisions of this title governing the competitive service” are substituted for “this act”.
Standard changes are made to conform with the definitions applicable and the style of this title as outlined in the preface to the report.
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2025—Pub. L. 119–60 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), inserted heading, and added subsec. (b).
5 U.S.C. § 5348 (GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION AND EMPLOYEES)
§ 5348. Crews of vessels
(a) Except as provided by subsection (c), the pay of officers and members of crews of vessels excepted from chapter 51 of this title by section 5102(c)(8) of this title shall be fixed and adjusted from time to time as nearly as is consistent with the public interest in accordance with prevailing rates and practices in the maritime industry, not to exceed the rate of pay for the Vice President under section 104 of title 3.
(b) The aggregate pay limitation prescribed under section 5307 shall not apply to an employee whose pay is fixed under subsection (a).
(c) Vessel employees in an area where inadequate maritime industry practice exists and vessel employees of the Corps of Engineers shall have their pay fixed and adjusted under the provisions of this subchapter other than this section, as appropriate.
(Pub. L. 89–554, Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 471, § 5348, formerly § 5342; renumbered and amended Pub. L. 92–392, § 1(a), Aug. 19, 1972, 86 Stat. 572; Pub. L. 96–70, title III, § 3302(e)(1), Sept. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 498; Pub. L. 104–201, div. C, title XXXV, § 3548(a)(3)(C), Sept. 23, 1996, 110 Stat. 2868; Pub. L. 119–60, div. A, title XI, § 1104, Dec. 18, 2025, 139 Stat. 1073.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2025—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 119–60, § 1104(1), substituted “subsection (c)” for “subsection (b) of this section” and inserted “, not to exceed the rate of pay for the Vice President under section 104 of title 3” before period at end.
Subsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 119–60, § 1104(2), (3), added subsec. (b) and redesignated former subsec. (b) as (c).
1996—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–201, § 3548(a)(3)(C)(iii), substituted “subsection (b)” for “subsections (b) and (c)”.
Subsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 104–201, § 3548(a)(3)(C)(i), (ii), redesignated subsec. (c) as (b) and struck out former subsec. (b) which read as follows: “Vessel employees of the Panama Canal Commission may be paid in accordance with the wage practices of the maritime industry.”
1979—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96–70 substituted “Commission” for “Company”.
1972—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 92–392 inserted reference to subsection (c) of this section.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 92–392 added subsec. (c).
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 1979 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 96–70 effective Oct. 1, 1979, see section 3304 of Pub. L. 96–70, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3601 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.
heading: Effective Date of 1972 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 92–392 effective on first day of first applicable pay period beginning on or after 90th day after Aug. 19, 1972, see section 15(a) of Pub. L. 92–392, set out as an Effective Date note under section 5341 of this title.
heading: Limitation on Pay Adjustments
text: For provisions limiting the adjustment of salary or basic pay of employees covered by this section, see provisions set out as notes under section 5343 of this title.