dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
10 U.S.C. § 9280 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 9280. Airman’s Medal: award; limitations
(a)
(1) The President may award a decoration called the “Airman’s Medal”, of appropriate design with accompanying ribbon, to any person who, while serving in any capacity with the Air Force or Space Force, distinguishes himself by heroism not involving actual conflict with an enemy.
(2) The authority in paragraph (1) includes authority to award the medal to a member of the Ready Reserve who was not in a duty status defined in section 101(d) of this title when the member distinguished himself by heroism.
(b) Not more than one Airman’s Medal may be awarded to a person. However, for each succeeding act that would otherwise justify the award of such a medal, the President may award a suitable bar or other device to be worn as he directs.
(Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 542, § 8750; Pub. L. 86–593, § 1(6), July 6, 1960, 74 Stat. 332; Pub. L. 105–85, div. A, title V, § 574(c), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1758; renumbered § 9280, Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title VIII, § 806(b)(11), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1833; Pub. L. 118–159, div. A, title V, § 521(k)(2), Dec. 23, 2024, 138 Stat. 1882.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
8750(a)
10:1428 (less last sentence).
July 2, 1926, ch. 721, § 11, 44 Stat. 789.
8750(b)
10:1428 (last sentence).
The words “Under such rules and regulations as he may prescribe” are omitted, since the President has inherent authority to issue regulations appropriate to exercising his functions. The words “but not in the name of Congress” are omitted as surplusage, since a medal is presented in the name of Congress only if the law so directs. The word “award” is substituted for the word “present” to cover the determination of the recipients as well as the actual presentation of the medal. The words “a decoration called” are substituted for the words “a medal to be known as”. The words “including the National Guard and the Organized Reserves” are omitted as surplusage. The words “or herself” are omitted, since, under section 1 of title 1, words importing the masculine gender include the feminine. The words “after July 2, 1926” are omitted as executed.
In subsection (b), the words “that would otherwise justify” are substituted for the words “sufficient to”.
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2024—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 118–159 inserted “or Space Force” after “Air Force”.
2018—Pub. L. 115–232 renumbered section 8750 of this title as this section.
1997—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 105–85 designated existing provisions as par. (1) and added par. (2).
1960—Pub. L. 86–593 substituted “Airman’s Medal” for “Soldier’s Medal” in section catchline and wherever appearing in text.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 2018 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 115–232 effective Feb. 1, 2019, with provision for the coordination of amendments and special rule for certain redesignations, see section 800 of Pub. L. 115–232, set out as a note preceding section 3001 of this title.
10 U.S.C. § 9516 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 9516. Airlift service
(a) Interstate Transportation.—
(1) Except as provided in subsection (d) of this section, the transportation of passengers or property by CRAF-eligible aircraft in interstate air transportation obtained by the Secretary of Defense or the Secretary of a military department through a contract for airlift service in the United States may be provided only by an air carrier that—
(A) has aircraft in the civil reserve air fleet or offers to place the aircraft in that fleet; and
(B) holds a certificate issued under section 41102 of title 49.
(2) The Secretary of Transportation shall act as expeditiously as possible on an application for a certificate under section 41102 of title 49 to provide airlift service.
(b) Transportation Between the United States and Foreign Locations.—
Except as provided in subsection (d), the transportation of passengers or property by CRAF-eligible aircraft between a place in the United States and a place outside the United States obtained by the Secretary of Defense or the Secretary of a military department through a contract for airlift service shall be provided by an air carrier referred to in subsection (a).
(c) Transportation Between Foreign Locations.—
The transportation of passengers or property by CRAF-eligible aircraft between two places outside the United States obtained by the Secretary of Defense or the Secretary of a military department through a contract for airlift service shall be provided by an air carrier referred to in subsection (a) whenever transportation by such an air carrier is reasonably available.
(d) Exception.—
Subject to subsection (e), when the Secretary of Defense decides that no air carrier holding a certificate under section 41102 of title 49 is capable of providing, and willing to provide, the airlift service, the Secretary of Defense may make a contract to provide the service with an air carrier not having a certificate.
(e) Annual Report.—
Not later than 60 days after the end of each fiscal year, the Secretary shall submit to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and the House of Representatives a report that—
(1) identifies each contract for airlift services awarded in the preceding fiscal year to a provider that does not meet the requirements set forth in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of subsection (a)(1); and
(2) for each such contract—
(A) specifies the dollar value of the award; and
(B) provides a detailed explanation of the reasons for the award.
(f) CRAF-eligible Aircraft Defined.—
In this section, “CRAF-eligible aircraft” means aircraft of a type the Secretary of Defense has determined to be eligible to participate in the civil reserve air fleet.
(Added Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title X, § 1042(a), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3492; amended Pub. L. 117–81, div. A, title X, § 1083(b), Dec. 27, 2021, 135 Stat. 1922.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2021—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 117–81, § 1083(b)(1), substituted “Subject to subsection (e), when the Secretary” for “When the Secretary”.
Subsecs. (e), (f). Pub. L. 117–81, § 1083(b)(2), (3), added subsec. (e) and redesignated former subsec. (e) as (f).
10 U.S.C. § 9531 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 9531. Commercial Augmentation Space Reserve.1
(a) Program.—
The Secretary may carry out a program to be known as the “Commercial Augmentation Space Reserve” program. Under the program, the Secretary may include in a contract for the procurement of space products or services one or more provisions under which a qualified contractor agrees to provide additional space products or services to the Department of Defense on an as-needed basis under circumstances determined by the Secretary.
(b) Security Measures.—
In carrying out the program under subsection (a), the Secretary—
(1) shall ensure that each contract under, and qualified contractor participating in, the program complies with applicable security measures, including any security measures required under the National Industrial Security program (or any successor to such program); and
(2) may establish and implement such additional security measures as the Secretary determines appropriate to protect the national security interests of the United States.
(c) Commitment of Space Products or Services as a Business Factor.—
In determining the quantity of business to be received under a space product or services contract pursuant to subsection (a), the Secretary may use as a factor the relative amount of space product or service committed to the program under subsection (a) by the qualified contractor involved.
(d) Definitions.—
In this section:
(1) The term “citizen of the United States” means—
(A) an individual who is a citizen of the United States;
(B) a partnership each of whose partners is an individual who is a citizen of the United States; or
(C) a corporation or association organized under the laws of the United States or a State, the District of Columbia, or a territory or possession of the United States.
(2) The term “qualified contractor” means a contractor that is a citizen of the United States.
(3) The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Defense.
(4) The term “space products or services” means commercial products and commercial services (as those terms are defined in section 2.101 of the Federal Acquisition Regulation) and noncommercial products and noncommercial services offered by commercial companies that operate to, through, or from space, including any required terrestrial ground, support, and network systems and associated services that can be used to support military functions and missions.
(Added Pub. L. 118–159, div. A, title XVI, § 1602(a), Dec. 23, 2024, 138 Stat. 2158.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 9531, act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 575, authorized Secretary of the Air Force to procure aircraft and equipment and facilities necessary for the maintenance and operation of the Air Force, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title VIII, § 823(2), Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1707.
10 U.S.C. § 14505 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 14505. Effect of failure of selection for promotion: reserve captains of the Army, Air Force, and Marine Corps and reserve lieutenants of the Navy
Unless retained as provided in section 12646 or 12686 of this title, a captain on the reserve active-status list of the Army, Air Force, or Marine Corps or a lieutenant on the reserve active-status list of the Navy who has failed of selection for promotion to the next higher grade for the second time and whose name is not on a list of officers recommended for promotion to the next higher grade and who has not been selected for continuation on the reserve active-status list under section 14701 or 14701a of this title, shall be separated in accordance with section 14513 of this title not later than the first day of the seventh month after the month in which the Secretary concerned releases the promotion results of the board which considered the officer for the second time to the public.
(Added Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, § 1611, Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2950; amended Pub. L. 118–159, div. A, title V, §§ 505(b)(5), 513(c)(2), Dec. 23, 2024, 138 Stat. 1870, 1876.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2024—Pub. L. 118–159, § 513(c)(2), inserted “or 14701a” after “14701”.
Pub. L. 118–159, § 505(b)(5), substituted “the Secretary concerned releases the promotion results of the board which considered the officer for the second time to the public” for “the President approves the report of the board which considered the officer for the second time”.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective Oct. 1, 1996, see section 1691(b)(1) of Pub. L. 103–337, set out as a note under section 10001 of this title.
10 U.S.C. § 14506 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 14506. Effect of failure of selection for promotion: reserve majors of the Army, Air Force, and Marine Corps and reserve lieutenant commanders of the Navy
Unless retained as provided in section 12646, 12686, 14701, 14701a, or 14702 of this title, each reserve officer of the Army, Navy, Air Force, or Marine Corps who holds the grade of major or lieutenant commander who has failed of selection to the next higher grade for the second time and whose name is not on a list of officers recommended for promotion to the next higher grade shall, if not earlier removed from the reserve active-status list, be removed from that list in accordance with section 14513 of this title on the later of (1) the first day of the month after the month in which the officer completes 20 years of commissioned service, or (2) the first day of the seventh month after the month in which the Secretary concerned releases the promotion results of the board which considered the officer for the second time to the public.
(Added Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, § 1611, Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2951; amended Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title XV, § 1501(b)(29), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 498; Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title V, § 514(a), Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 593; Pub. L. 118–159, div. A, title V, §§ 505(b)(6), 513(c)(3), Dec. 23, 2024, 138 Stat. 1870, 1876.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2024—Pub. L. 118–159, § 513(c)(3), inserted “14701a,” after “14701,”.
Pub. L. 118–159, § 505(b)(6), substituted “the Secretary concerned releases the promotion results of the board which considered the officer for the second time to the public” for “the President approves the report of the board which considered the officer for the second time”.
1999—Pub. L. 106–65 inserted “the later of (1)” after “in accordance with section 14513 of this title on” and “, or (2) the first day of the seventh month after the month in which the President approves the report of the board which considered the officer for the second time” before the period at end.
1996—Pub. L. 104–106 inserted comma after “Force” in section catchline.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 1999 Amendment
text: Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title V, § 514(b), Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 593, provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply with respect to removals of reserve officers from reserve active-status lists under section 14506 of title 10, United States Code, on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 5, 1999].”
heading: Effective Date of 1996 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 104–106 effective as if included in the Reserve Officer Personnel Management Act, title XVI of Pub. L. 103–337, as enacted on Oct. 5, 1994, see section 1501(f)(3) of Pub. L. 104–106, set out as a note under section 113 of this title.
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective Oct. 1, 1996, see section 1691(b)(1) of Pub. L. 103–337, set out as a note under section 10001 of this title.
10 U.S.C. § 14701a (ARMED FORCES)
§ 14701a. Continuation on reserve active-status list: officers in certain military specialties and career tracks
(a) In General.—
The Secretary of the military department concerned may authorize a reserve commissioned officer in a grade above O-2 to remain on the reserve active-status list after the date otherwise provided for the separation or retirement of the officer under section 14505, 14506, or 14507 of this title, as applicable, if the officer has a military occupational specialty, rating, or specialty code in a military specialty designated pursuant to subsection (b).
(b) Military Specialties.—
The Secretary of a military department shall designate the military specialties in which a military occupational specialty, rating, or specialty code, as applicable, assigned to members of the armed forces under the jurisdiction of such Secretary authorizes the members to be eligible for continuation on the reserve active-status list as provided in subsection (a).
(c) Duration of Continuation.—
An officer continued on the reserve active-status list pursuant to this section shall, if not earlier retired, transferred to the Retired Reserve, or discharged, be separated in accordance with section 14513 or 14514 of this title, as applicable, on the first day of the month after the month in which the officer completes 40 years of commissioned service.
(d) Regulations.—
The Secretaries of the military departments shall carry out this section in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense. The regulations shall specify the criteria to be used by the Secretaries of the military departments in designating military specialties for purposes of subsection (b).
(Added Pub. L. 118–159, div. A, title V, § 513(a), Dec. 23, 2024, 138 Stat. 1876.)
10 U.S.C. § 14702 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 14702. Retention on reserve active-status list of certain officers in the grade of major, lieutenant colonel, colonel, or brigadier general
(a) Retention.—
Notwithstanding the provisions of section 14506, 14507, or 14508 of this title, the Secretary of the military department concerned may, with the officer’s consent, retain on the reserve active-status list an officer in the grade of major, lieutenant colonel, colonel, or brigadier general who is—
(1) an officer of the Army National Guard of the United States and assigned to a headquarters or headquarters detachment of a State; or
(2) a reserve officer of the Army or Air Force who, as a condition of continued employment as a National Guard or Reserve technician is required by the Secretary concerned to maintain membership in a Selected Reserve unit or organization.
(b) Separation for Age.—
An officer may be retained under this section only so long as the officer continues to meet the conditions of paragraph (1) or (2) of subsection (a). An officer described in paragraph (1) of such subsection may not be retained under this section after the last day of the month in which the officer becomes 62 years of age. An officer described in paragraph (2) of such subsection may not be retained under this section after the last day of the month in which the officer becomes 62 years of age.
(Added Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, § 1611, Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2955; amended Pub. L. 105–85, div. A, title V, § 521(a), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1734; Pub. L. 110–417, [div. A], title V, § 514(b), (c)(1), Oct. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 4441; Pub. L. 118–159, div. A, title V, § 511(b), Dec. 23, 2024, 138 Stat. 1875.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2024—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 118–159 substituted “62” for “60”.
2008—Pub. L. 110–417, § 514(c)(1), amended section catchline generally. Prior to amendment, catchline read as follows: “Retention on reserve active-status list of certain officers until age 60”.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 110–417, § 514(b), in heading, substituted “for Age” for “at Age 60” and, in text, substituted “paragraph (1) or (2) of subsection (a)” for “subsection (a)(1) or (a)(2)” and “An officer described in paragraph (1) of such subsection may not be retained under this section after the last day of the month in which the officer becomes 62 years of age. An officer described in paragraph (2) of such subsection may not be retained under this section after the last day of the month in which the officer becomes 60 years of age.” for “An officer may not be retained under this section after the last day of the month in which the officer becomes 60 years of age.”
1997—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 105–85, in introductory provisions, substituted “section 14506, 14507, or 14508” for “section 14506 or 14507” and “colonel, or brigadier general” for “or colonel”.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective Oct. 1, 1996, see section 1691(b)(1) of Pub. L. 103–337, set out as a note under section 10001 of this title.
10 U.S.C. § 14904 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 14904. Rights and procedures
(a) Procedural Rights.—
Under regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense, an officer required under section 14902 of this title to show cause for retention in an active status—
(1) shall be notified in writing, at least 30 days before the hearing of the officer’s case by a board of inquiry, of the reasons for which the officer is being required to show cause for retention in an active status;
(2) shall be allowed a reasonable time, as determined by the board of inquiry, to prepare for showing of cause for retention in an active status;
(3) subject to subsection (c), shall be allowed to appear in person and to be represented by counsel at proceedings before the board of inquiry; and
(4) shall be allowed full access to, and shall be furnished copies of, records relevant to the case, except that the board of inquiry shall withhold any record that the Secretary concerned determines should be withheld in the interest of national security.
(b) Summary of Records Withheld.—
When a record is withheld under subsection (a)(4), the officer whose case is under consideration shall, to the extent that the interest of national security permits, be furnished a summary of the record so withheld.
(c) Remote Appearance.—
The Secretary concerned may determine that, in exceptional circumstances, the appearance of an officer before the proceedings of a board of inquiry may be via means other than in person.
(Added Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, § 1611, Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2959; amended Pub. L. 118–159, div. A, title V, § 509(b), Dec. 23, 2024, 138 Stat. 1872.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2024—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 118–159, § 509(b)(1), substituted “subject to subsection (c), shall be” for “shall be”.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 118–159, § 509(b)(2), added subsec. (c).
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective Oct. 1, 1996, see section 1691(b)(1) of Pub. L. 103–337, set out as a note under section 10001 of this title.
10 U.S.C. § 15109 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 15109. Other administrative authorities
The following provisions of this title shall apply to officers in competitive categories of officers designated for purposes of this chapter:
(1) Section 14518, relating to continuation of officers to complete disciplinary action.
(2) Section 14519, relating to deferment of retirement or separation for medical reasons.
(3) Section 14704, relating to the selective early removal from the reserve active-status list.
(4) Section 14705, relating to the selective early retirement of reserve general and flag officers of the Navy and Marine Corps.
(Added Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title V, § 514(a), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 248; amended Pub. L. 118–159, div. A, title XVII, § 1701(a)(46), Dec. 23, 2024, 138 Stat. 2206.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2024—Pub. L. 118–159, which directed striking out “(a) In general.—”, was executed by striking out “(a) In General.—” before “The following provisions” in introductory provisions, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.
10 U.S.C. § 15110 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 15110. Regulations
The Secretary of Defense shall prescribe regulations regarding the administration of this chapter. The elements of such regulations shall include mechanisms to clarify the manner in which provisions of other chapters of this part of this subtitle shall be used in the administration of this chapter in accordance with the provisions of this chapter.
(Added Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title V, § 514(a), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 248; amended Pub. L. 118–159, div. A, title XVII, § 1701(a)(47), Dec. 23, 2024, 138 Stat. 2206.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2024—Pub. L. 118–159 substituted “this subtitle” for “the title”.
10 U.S.C. § 20211 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 20211. Convening of selection boards
(a) In General.—
Whenever the needs of the service require, the Secretary of the Air Force shall convene selection boards to recommend for promotion to the next higher permanent grade officers of the Space Force in each permanent grade from first lieutenant through brigadier general.
(b) Exception for Officers in Grade of First Lieutenant.—
Subsection (a) does not require the convening of a selection board in the case of Space Force officers in the permanent grade of first lieutenant when the Secretary of the Air Force recommends for promotion to the grade of captain under section 20239(c)(4)(A) of this title all such officers whom the Secretary finds to be fully qualified for promotion.
(c) Selection Boards for Early Retirement or Discharge.—
The Secretary of the Air Force may convene selection boards to recommend officers for early retirement under section 20404(a) of this title or for discharge under section 20404(b) of this title.
(d) Regulations.—
The convening of selection boards under subsection (a) shall be under regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Defense.
(Added Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title XVII, § 1716(c), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 634; amended Pub. L. 118–159, div. A, title V, § 521(n), Dec. 23, 2024, 138 Stat. 1882.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2024—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 118–159 substituted “20239(c)(4)(A)” for “20238(a)(4)(A)”.