49 U.S.C. § 31112 (TRANSPORTATION)
§ 31112. Property-carrying unit limitation
(a) Definitions.—
In this section—
(1) “property-carrying unit” means any part of a commercial motor vehicle combination (except the truck tractor) used to carry property, including a trailer, a semitrailer, or the property-carrying section of a single unit truck, but not including a trailer or a semitrailer transported as part of a towaway trailer transporter combination (as defined in section 31111(a)).
(2) the length of the property-carrying units of a commercial motor vehicle combination is the length measured from the front of the first property-carrying unit to the rear of the last property-carrying unit.
(b) General Limitations.—
A State may not allow by any means the operation, on any segment of the Dwight D. Eisenhower System of Interstate and Defense Highways and those classes of qualifying Federal-aid Primary System highways designated by the Secretary of Transportation under section 31111(e) of this title, of any commercial motor vehicle combination (except a vehicle or load that cannot be dismantled easily or divided easily and that has been issued a special permit under applicable State law) with more than one property-carrying unit (not including the truck tractor) whose property-carrying units are more than—
(1) the maximum combination trailer, semitrailer, or other type of length limitation allowed by law or regulation of that State before June 2, 1991; or
(2) the length of the property-carrying units of those commercial motor vehicle combinations, by specific configuration, in actual, lawful operation on a regular or periodic basis (including continuing seasonal operation) in that State before June 2, 1991.
(c) Special Rules for Wyoming, Ohio, Alaska, Iowa, Nebraska, Kansas, and Oregon.—
In addition to the vehicles allowed under subsection (b) of this section—
(1) Wyoming may allow the operation of additional vehicle configurations not in actual operation on June 1, 1991, but authorized by State law not later than November 3, 1992, if the vehicle configurations comply with the single axle, tandem axle, and bridge formula limits in section 127(a) of title 23 and are not more than 117,000 pounds gross vehicle weight;
(2) Ohio may allow the operation of commercial motor vehicle combinations with 3 property-carrying units of 28.5 feet each (not including the truck tractor) not in actual operation on June 1, 1991, to be operated in Ohio on the 1-mile segment of Ohio State Route 7 that begins at and is south of exit 16 of the Ohio Turnpike;
(3) Alaska may allow the operation of commercial motor vehicle combinations that were not in actual operation on June 1, 1991, but were in actual operation before July 6, 1991;
(4) Iowa may allow the operation on Interstate Route 29 between Sioux City, Iowa, and the border between Iowa and South Dakota or on Interstate Route 129 between Sioux City, Iowa, and the border between Iowa and Nebraska of commercial motor vehicle combinations with trailer length, semitrailer length, and property-carrying unit length allowed by law or regulation and in actual lawful operation on a regular or periodic basis (including continued seasonal operation) in South Dakota or Nebraska, respectively, before June 2, 1991;
(5) Nebraska and Kansas may allow the operation of a truck tractor and 2 trailers or semitrailers not in actual lawful operation on a regular or periodic basis on June 1, 1991, if the length of the property-carrying units does not exceed 81 feet 6 inches and such combination is used only to transport equipment utilized by custom harvesters under contract to agricultural producers to harvest one or more of wheat, soybeans, and milo during the harvest months for such crops, as defined by the relevant state;1 and
(6) Oregon may allow the operation of a truck tractor and 2 property-carrying units not in actual lawful operation on a regular or periodic basis on June 1, 1991, if—
(A) the length of the property-carrying units does not exceed 82 feet 8 inches;
(B) the combination is used only to transport sugar beets; and
(C) the operation occurs on United States Route 20, United States Route 26, United States Route 30, or Oregon Route 201 in the vicinity, or between any, of—
(i) Vale, Oregon;
(ii) Ontario, Oregon; or
(iii) Nyssa, Oregon.
(d) Additional Limitations.—
(1) A commercial motor vehicle combination whose operation in a State is not prohibited under subsections (b) and (c) of this section may continue to operate in the State on highways described in subsection (b) only if at least in compliance with all State laws, regulations, limitations, and conditions, including routing-specific and configuration-specific designations and all other restrictions in force in the State on June 1, 1991. However, subject to regulations prescribed by the Secretary under subsection (g)(2) of this section, the State may make minor adjustments of a temporary and emergency nature to route designations and vehicle operating restrictions in effect on June 1, 1991, for specific safety purposes and road construction.
(2) This section does not prevent a State from further restricting in any way or prohibiting the operation of any commercial motor vehicle combination subject to this section, except that a restriction or prohibition shall be consistent with this section and sections 31113(a) and (b) and 31114 of this title.
(3) A State making a minor adjustment of a temporary and emergency nature as authorized by paragraph (1) of this subsection or further restricting or prohibiting the operation of a commercial motor vehicle combination as authorized by paragraph (2) of this subsection shall advise the Secretary not later than 30 days after the action. The Secretary shall publish a notice of the action in the Federal Register.
(4) 2 Nebraska may continue to allow to be operated under paragraphs (b)(1) and (b)(2) of this section,3 the State of Nebraska may allow longer combination vehicles that were not in actual operation on June 1, 1991 to be operated within its boundaries to transport sugar beets from the field where such sugar beets are harvested to storage, market, factory or stockpile or from stockpile to storage, market or factory. This provision shall expire on February 28, 1998.
(e) List of State Length Limitations.—
(1) Not later than February 16, 1992, each State shall submit to the Secretary for publication a complete list of State length limitations applicable to commercial motor vehicle combinations operating in the State on the highways described in subsection (b) of this section. The list shall indicate the applicable State laws and regulations associated with the length limitations. If a State does not submit the information as required, the Secretary shall complete and file the information for the State.
(2) Not later than March 17, 1992, the Secretary shall publish an interim list in the Federal Register consisting of all information submitted under paragraph (1) of this subsection. The Secretary shall review for accuracy all information submitted by a State under paragraph (1) and shall solicit and consider public comment on the accuracy of the information.
(3) A law or regulation may not be included on the list submitted by a State or published by the Secretary merely because it authorized, or could have authorized, by permit or otherwise, the operation of commercial motor vehicle combinations not in actual operation on a regular or periodic basis before June 2, 1991.
(4) Except as revised under this paragraph or paragraph (5) of this subsection, the list shall be published as final in the Federal Register not later than June 15, 1992. In publishing the final list, the Secretary shall make any revisions necessary to correct inaccuracies identified under paragraph (2) of this subsection. After publication of the final list, commercial motor vehicle combinations prohibited under subsection (b) of this section may not operate on the Dwight D. Eisenhower System of Interstate and Defense Highways and other Federal-aid Primary System highways designated by the Secretary except as published on the list. The list may be combined by the Secretary with the list required under section 127(d) of title 23.
(5) On the Secretary’s own motion or on request by any person (including a State), the Secretary shall review the list published under paragraph (4) of this subsection. If the Secretary decides there is reason to believe a mistake was made in the accuracy of the list, the Secretary shall begin a proceeding to decide whether a mistake was made. If the Secretary decides there was a mistake, the Secretary shall publish the correction.
(f) Limitations on Statutory Construction.—
This section may not be construed—
(1) to allow the operation on any segment of the Dwight D. Eisenhower System of Interstate and Defense Highways of a longer combination vehicle prohibited under section 127(d) of title 23;
(2) to affect in any way the operation of a commercial motor vehicle having only one property-carrying unit; or
(3) to affect in any way the operation in a State of a commercial motor vehicle with more than one property-carrying unit if the vehicle was in actual operation on a regular or periodic basis (including seasonal operation) in that State before June 2, 1991, that was authorized under State law or regulation or lawful State permit.
(g) Regulations.—
(1) In carrying out this section only, the Secretary shall define by regulation loads that cannot be dismantled easily or divided easily.
(2) Not later than June 15, 1992, the Secretary shall prescribe regulations establishing criteria for a State to follow in making minor adjustments under subsection (d) of this section.
(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 995; Pub. L. 104–59, title III, § 312(a)(3), Nov. 28, 1995, 109 Stat. 584; Pub. L. 104–205, title III, § 352, Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 2980; Pub. L. 105–66, title III, § 343, Oct. 27, 1997, 111 Stat. 1449; Pub. L. 109–59, title IV, § 4112, Aug. 10, 2005, 119 Stat. 1724; Pub. L. 114–94, div. A, title V, § 5523(c)(1), Dec. 4, 2015, 129 Stat. 1560; Pub. L. 114–113, div. L, title I, § 137, Dec. 18, 2015, 129 Stat. 2851; Pub. L. 116–6, div. G, title IV, § 423, Feb. 15, 2019, 133 Stat. 474.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
31112(a)(1)
49 App.:2311(j)(7).
Jan 6, 1983, Pub. L. 97–424, 96 Stat. 2159, § 411(j); added Dec. 18, 1991, Pub. L. 102–240, § 4006(a), 105 Stat. 2148.
31112(a)(2)
49 App.:2311(j)(3).
31112(b)
49 App.:2311(j)(1).
31112(c)
49 App.:2311(j)(2).
31112(d)
49 App.:2311(j)(4).
31112(e)
49 App.:2311(j)(5).
31112(f)
49 App.:2311(j)(6).
31112(g)(1)
49 App.:2311(j)(9).
31112(g)(2)
49 App.:2311(j)(8).
In this section, the word “property” is substituted for “cargo”, and the word “law” is substituted for “statute”, for consistency in the revised title. The words “Dwight D. Eisenhower System of Interstate and Defense Highways” are substituted for “National System of Interstate and Defense Highways” because of the Act of October 15, 1990 (Public Law 101–427, 104 Stat. 927).
In subsections (b), before clause (1), and (g)(1), the words “dismantled easily or divided easily” are substituted for “easily dismantled or divided” for clarity.
In subsection (e)(4), the words “Except as revised under this paragraph or paragraph (5) of this subsection” are substituted for “Except as modified pursuant to subparagraph (B) or (E) of this subsection” for clarity.
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2019—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 116–6 substituted “Kansas, and Oregon” for “and Kansas” in heading and added par. (6).
2015—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 114–94 inserted before period at end “, but not including a trailer or a semitrailer transported as part of a towaway trailer transporter combination (as defined in section 31111(a))”.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 114–113, § 137(b)(1), substituted “Nebraska, and Kansas” for “and Nebraska” in heading.
Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 114–113, § 137(b)(2), substituted a semicolon for “; and” at end.
Subsec. (c)(4). Pub. L. 114–113, § 137(b)(3), substituted “; and” for period at end.
Subsec. (c)(5). Pub. L. 114–113, § 137(a), substituted “Nebraska and Kansas may” for “Nebraska may” and “the relevant state” for “the State of Nebraska”.
2005—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 109–59, § 4112(b), substituted “Iowa, and Nebraska” for “and Iowa” in heading.
Subsec. (c)(5). Pub. L. 109–59, § 4112(a), added par. (5).
1997—Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 105–66 substituted “February 28, 1998” for “September 30, 1997”.
1996—Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 104–205, which directed amendment of this section by adding a new subsection designated par. (4) without specifying where, was executed by adding par. (4) to subsec. (d) to reflect the probable intent of Congress.
1995—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 104–59 substituted “Alaska, and Iowa” for “and Alaska” in heading and added par. (4).
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Change of Name
text: Pub. L. 118–154, § 1(b), (c), Dec. 17, 2024, 138 Stat. 1691, provided that:
“(b) Designation.—
United States Route 20 in each of the States of Oregon, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Nebraska, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, and Massachusetts shall be known and designated as the ‘National Medal of Honor Highway’.
“(c) References.—
Any reference in a law, map, regulation, document, paper, or other record of the United States to the highway referred to in subsection (b) shall be deemed to be a reference to the ‘National Medal of Honor Highway’.”
heading: Effective Date of 2015 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 114–94 effective Oct. 1, 2015, see section 1003 of Pub. L. 114–94, set out as a note under section 5313 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.