38 U.S.C. § 3321 (VETERANS’ BENEFITS)
§ 3321. Time limitation for use of and eligibility for entitlement
(a) In General.—
Except as provided in this section, the period during which an individual entitled to educational assistance under this chapter may use such individual’s entitlement—
(1) in the case of an individual whose last discharge or release from active duty is before January 1, 2013, expires at the end of the 15-year period beginning on the date of such discharge or release; or
(2) in the case of an individual whose last discharge or release from active duty is on or after January 1, 2013, shall not expire.
(b) Exceptions.—
(1) Applicability of section 3031 to running of period.—
(A) Subsections (b), (c), (d), and (i) of section 3031 shall apply with respect to the running of the 15-year period described in subsection (a) of this section in the same manner as such subsections apply under section 3031 with respect to the running of the 10-year period described in section 3031(a).
(B) Subsection (i) of section 3031 shall apply with respect to the running of the 15-year period described in paragraphs (4)(A) and (5)(A) of this subsection in the same manner as such subsection applies under section 3031 of this title with respect to the running of the 10-year period described in section 3031(a) of this title.
(2) Applicability of section 3031 to termination.—
Section 3031(f) shall apply with respect to the termination of an individual’s entitlement to educational assistance under this chapter in the same manner as such section applies to the termination of an individual’s entitlement to educational assistance under chapter 30, except that, in the administration of such section for purposes of this chapter, the reference to section 3013 shall be deemed to be a reference to section 3312 of this title.
(3) Determination of last discharge or release.—
For purposes of subsection (a), an individual’s last discharge or release from active duty shall not include any discharge or release from a period of active duty of less than 90 days of continuous service, unless the individual is discharged or released as described in section 3311(b)(2).
(4) Applicability to children of deceased members.—
The period during which a child entitled to educational assistance by reason of section 3311(b)(8) of this title may use such child’s entitlement—
(A) in the case of a child who first becomes entitled to such entitlement before January 1, 2013, expires at the end of the 15-year period beginning on the date of such child’s eighteenth birthday; or
(B) in the case of a child who first becomes entitled to such entitlement on or after January 1, 2013, shall not expire.
(5) Applicability to spouses of deceased members.—
The period during which a spouse entitled to educational assistance by reason of section 3311(b)(9) 1 may use such spouse’s entitlement—
(A) in the case of a spouse who first becomes entitled to such entitlement before January 1, 2013, expires at the end of the 15-year period beginning on the date on which the spouse first becomes entitled to such entitlement; or
(B) in the case of a spouse who first becomes entitled to such entitlement on or after January 1, 2013, shall not expire.
(Added Pub. L. 110–252, title V, § 5003(a)(1), June 30, 2008, 122 Stat. 2373; amended Pub. L. 111–32, title X, § 1002(c), June 24, 2009, 123 Stat. 1889; Pub. L. 111–275, title X, § 1001(g)(8), Oct. 13, 2010, 124 Stat. 2896; Pub. L. 113–146, title VII, § 701(c), Aug. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 1796; Pub. L. 115–48, title I, §§ 105(c)(5), 112, Aug. 16, 2017, 131 Stat. 976, 984; Pub. L. 116–61, § 6(4), Sept. 30, 2019, 133 Stat. 1117; Pub. L. 117–328, div. U, title II, § 232(b), Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 5457; Pub. L. 117–333, § 3(b)(1), Jan. 5, 2023, 136 Stat. 6126.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: Subsection (b)(9) of section 3311 of this title, referred to in subsec. (b)(5), was redesignated subsection (b)(8) by Pub. L. 115–48, title I, §105(a)(3), Aug. 16, 2017, 131 Stat. 975.
heading: Amendments
text: 2023—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 117–333 made amendment substantially identical to that made by Pub. L. 117–328. See 2022 Amendment note below.
2022—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 117–328 designated existing provisions as subpar. (A), substituted “(d), and (i)” for “and (d)”, and added subpar. (B).
2019—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 116–61 substituted “January” for “January,”.
2017—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–48, § 112(a), substituted “individual’s entitlement—” for “individual’s entitlement expires at the end of the 15-year period beginning on the date of such individual’s last discharge or release from active duty.” and added pars. (1) and (2).
Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 115–48, § 112(b), inserted “of this title” after “section 3311(b)(9)”, substituted “child’s entitlement—” for “child’s entitlement expires at the end of the 15-year period beginning on the date of such child’s eighteenth birthday.”, and added subpars. (A) and (B).
Pub. L. 115–48, § 105(c)(5), substituted “section 3311(b)(8)” for “section 3311(b)(9)”.
Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 115–48, § 112(c), added par. (5).
2014—Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 113–146 substituted “a child” for “an individual” and, in two places, “such child’s” for “such individual’s”.
2010—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 111–275 substituted “section 3312 of this title” for “3312”.
2009—Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 111–32 added par. (4).
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 2017 Amendment
text: Amendment by section 105(c)(5) of Pub. L. 115–48 effective Aug. 1, 2020, see section 105(d) of Pub. L. 115–48, set out as a note under section 3311 of this title.
heading: Effective Date of 2014 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 113–146 applicable with respect to a quarter, semester, or term, as applicable, commencing on or after Jan. 1, 2015, with provision for deaths occurring between Sept. 11, 2001, and Dec. 31, 2005, see section 701(d) of Pub. L. 113–146, set out as a note under section 3311 of this title.
heading: Effective Date of 2009 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 111–32 effective Aug. 1, 2009, see section 1002(d)(1) of Pub. L. 111–32, set out as a note under section 3311 of this title.
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective Aug. 1, 2009, see section 5003(d) of Pub. L. 110–252, set out as an Effective Date of 2008 Amendment note under section 16163 of Title 10, Armed Forces.
heading: Extension of Time Limitations for Use of Entitlement: Post-9/11 Educational Assistance
text: Pub. L. 116–140, § 6(b)(1), Apr. 28, 2020, 134 Stat. 632, which temporarily provided for an extension to use entitlements for post-9/11 educational assistance, was repealed by Pub. L. 117–333, § 3(f), Jan. 5, 2023, 136 Stat. 6128. See subsec. (b)(1)(B) of this section.