dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
25 U.S.C. § 2901 (INDIANS)
§ 2901. Findings
The Congress finds that—
(1) the status of the cultures and languages of Native Americans is unique and the United States has the responsibility to act together with Native Americans to ensure the survival of these unique cultures and languages;
(2) special status is accorded Native Americans in the United States, a status that recognizes distinct cultural and political rights, including the right to continue separate identities;
(3) the traditional languages of Native Americans are an integral part of their cultures and identities and form the basic medium for the transmission, and thus survival, of Native American cultures, literatures, histories, religions, political institutions, and values;
(4) there is a widespread practice of treating Native Americans 1 languages as if they were anachronisms;
(5) there is a lack of clear, comprehensive, and consistent Federal policy on treatment of Native American languages which has often resulted in acts of suppression and extermination of Native American languages and cultures;
(6) there is convincing evidence that student achievement and performance, community and school pride, and educational opportunity is clearly and directly tied to respect for, and support of, the first language of the child or student;
(7) it is clearly in the interests of the United States, individual States, and territories to encourage the full academic and human potential achievements of all students and citizens and to take steps to realize these ends;
(8) acts of suppression and extermination directed against Native American languages and cultures are in conflict with the United States policy of self-determination for Native Americans;
(9) languages are the means of communication for the full range of human experiences and are critical to the survival of cultural and political integrity of any people; and
(10) language provides a direct and powerful means of promoting international communication by people who share languages.
(Pub. L. 101–477, title I, § 102, Oct. 30, 1990, 104 Stat. 1153.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Short Title of 2023 Amendment
text: Pub. L. 117–337, § 1, Jan. 5, 2023, 136 Stat. 6153, provided that: “This Act [enacting section 2907 of this title and amending section 2905 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Durbin Feeling Native American Languages Act of 2022’.”
heading: Short Title
text: Pub. L. 101–477, title I, § 101, Oct. 30, 1990, 104 Stat. 1153, provided that: “This title [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Native American Languages Act’.”
25 U.S.C. § 2905 (INDIANS)
§ 2905. Evaluations
(a) The President shall direct the heads of the various Federal departments, agencies, and instrumentalities to—
(1) evaluate their policies and procedures in consultation with Indian tribes and other Native American governing bodies as well as traditional leaders and educators in order to determine and implement changes needed to bring the policies and procedures into compliance with the provisions of this chapter;
(2) give the greatest effect possible in making such evaluations, absent a clear specific Federal statutory requirement to the contrary, to the policies and procedures which will give the broadest effect to the provisions of this chapter; and
(3) evaluate the laws which they administer and make recommendations to the President on amendments needed to bring such laws into compliance with the provisions of this chapter.
(b) By no later than the date that is 1 year after October 30, 1990, the President shall submit to the Congress a report containing recommendations for amendments to Federal laws that are needed to bring such laws into compliance with the provisions of this chapter.
(c) Evaluation; report
Not later than 1 year after January 5, 2023, the President shall—
(1) require the heads of the various Federal departments, agencies, and instrumentalities to carry out an evaluation described in subsection (a)(1); and
(2) submit to Congress a report that describes—
(A) the results of the evaluations; and
(B) the recommendations of the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, and the Secretary of Education, after consultation with Indian tribes, traditional leaders, and representatives of Native American language communities, for amendments to Federal laws that are needed—
(i) to bring the Federal laws into compliance with this chapter;
(ii) to improve interagency coordination for purposes of supporting revitalization, maintenance, and use of Native American languages; and
(iii) to reduce duplication, inefficiencies, and barriers Native American language communities face in accessing Federal programs to support efforts to revitalize, maintain, or increase the use of Native American languages.
(Pub. L. 101–477, title I, § 106, Oct. 30, 1990, 104 Stat. 1156; Pub. L. 117–337, § 2(a), Jan. 5, 2023, 136 Stat. 6153.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(B)(i), was in the original “this Act” and was translated as reading “this title”, meaning title I of Pub. L. 101–477, known as the Native American Languages Act, which is classified generally to this chapter, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.
heading: Amendments
text: 2023—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 117–337 added subsec. (c).
34 U.S.C. § 41313 (CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT)
§ 41313. GAO study on incidence of fatal and non-fatal physical and sexual assault of passengers, TNC drivers, and drivers of other for-hire vehicles
(a) GAO report
Not later than 1 year after January 5, 2023, and every 2 years thereafter, the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to Congress a report that includes the results of a study regarding—
(1) the incidence of fatal and non-fatal physical assault and sexual assault perpetrated in the preceding 2 calendar years (starting with calendar years 2019 and 2020 for the first study)—
(A) against TNC drivers and drivers of other for-hire vehicles (including taxicabs) by passengers and riders of for-hire vehicles; and
(B) against passengers and riders by other passengers and TNC drivers or drivers of other for-hire vehicles (including taxicabs), including the incidences that are committed by individuals who are not TNC drivers or drivers of other for-hire vehicles but who pose as TNC drivers or drivers of other for-hire vehicles;
(2) the nature and specifics of any background checks conducted on prospective TNC drivers and drivers of other for-hire vehicles (including taxicabs), including any State and local laws requiring those background checks; and
(3) the safety steps taken by transportation network companies and other for-hire vehicle services (including taxicab companies) related to rider and driver safety.
(b) Sexual assault defined
In this section, the term “sexual assault” means the occurrence of an act that constitutes any nonconsensual sexual act proscribed by Federal, Tribal, or State law, including when the victim lacks capacity to consent.
(Pub. L. 117–330, § 2, Jan. 5, 2023, 136 Stat. 6114.)
38 U.S.C. § 3483 (VETERANS’ BENEFITS)
§ 3483. Approval of courses
An eligible veteran shall receive the benefits of this chapter while enrolled in a course of education offered by an educational institution only if such course is approved in accordance with the provisions of subchapter I 1 of chapter 36 of this title.
(Added Pub. L. 89–358, § 2, Mar. 3, 1966, 80 Stat. 19, § 1685; renumbered § 1686, Pub. L. 90–77, title III, § 304(a), Aug. 31, 1967, 81 Stat. 186; renumbered § 1683, Pub. L. 92–540, title IV, § 401(7), Oct. 24, 1972, 86 Stat. 1090; renumbered § 3483, Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 406.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: Subchapter I of chapter 36 of this title, referred to in text, was redesignated subchapter II (§ 3670 et seq.) of chapter 36 of this title by Pub. L. 117–333, § 2(a)(1), Jan. 5, 2023, 136 Stat. 6122.
heading: Amendments
text: 1991—Pub. L. 102–83 renumbered section 1683 of this title as this section.
38 U.S.C. § 3535 (VETERANS’ BENEFITS)
§ 3535. Approval of courses
An eligible person shall receive the benefits of this chapter while enrolled in a course of education offered by an educational institution only if such course (1) is approved in accordance with the provisions of subchapter I 1 of chapter 36 of this title, or (2) is approved for the enrollment of the particular individual under the provisions of section 3536 of this title.
(Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1199, § 1735; Pub. L. 88–126, § 2, Sept. 23, 1963, 77 Stat. 162; Pub. L. 89–358, § 4(n), Mar. 3, 1966, 80 Stat. 25; Pub. L. 92–540, title IV, § 402(4), Oct. 24, 1972, 86 Stat. 1090; renumbered § 3535 and amended Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), (c)(1), Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 406.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: Subchapter I of chapter 36 of this title, referred to in text, was redesignated subchapter II (§ 3670 et seq.) of chapter 36 of this title by Pub. L. 117–333, § 2(a)(1), Jan. 5, 2023, 136 Stat. 6122.
heading: Amendments
text: 1991—Pub. L. 102–83 renumbered section 1735 of this title as this section and substituted “3536” for “1736”.
1972—Pub. L. 92–540 substituted reference to section 1736 of this title for reference to section 1737 of this title.
1966—Pub. L. 89–358 redesignated former subsec. (a) as the entire section, struck out therefrom the introductory phrase “Until the date for the expiration of all education and training under chapter 33 of this title,”, substituted “An eligible person” for “and eligible person”, “chapter” for “subchapter”, and “subchapter I of chapter 36 of this title” for “this section or subchapter VII of this chapter”, and struck out former subsec. (b) which provided for scope of approval and is now incorporated in section 1770(b) of this title.
1963—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 88–126, § 2(1), (2), inserted “Until the date for the expiration of all education and training under chapter 33 of this title, and” before “eligible person”, and “or subchapter VII of this chapter” after “this section”.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 88–126, § 2(3), inserted “or section 1778.”
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 88–126, § 2(4), repealed subsec. (c) which related to the responsibility of the Administrator, after the expiration date of all education and training under chapter 33 of this title, for the approval of any additional courses.
38 U.S.C. § 3601 (VETERANS’ BENEFITS)
§ 3601. Definition of emergency situation
In this chapter, the term “emergency situation” means a situation that—
(1) the President declares is an emergency; and
(2) the Secretary determines is an emergency for purposes of the laws administered by the Secretary.
(Added Pub. L. 117–333, § 2(a)(2), Jan. 5, 2023, 136 Stat. 6122.)
38 U.S.C. § 3603 (VETERANS’ BENEFITS)
§ 3603. Continuation of educational assistance benefits for certain programs of education converted to distance learning by reason of emergency situations
In the case of a program of education approved by a State approving agency, or the Secretary when acting in the role of a State approving agency, that is converted from being offered on-site at an educational institution or training establishment to being offered by distance learning by reason of an emergency or health-related situation, as determined by the Secretary, the Secretary may continue to provide educational assistance under the laws administered by the Secretary without regard to such conversion, including with respect to paying any—
(1) monthly housing stipends under chapter 33 of this title; or
(2) payments or subsistence allowances under chapters 30, 31, 32, and 35 of this title and chapter 1606 of title 10.
(Added Pub. L. 117–333, § 2(a)(2), Jan. 5, 2023, 136 Stat. 6123.)
38 U.S.C. § 3605 (VETERANS’ BENEFITS)
§ 3605. Payment of educational assistance in cases of withdrawal
(a) In General.—
In the case of any individual who withdraws from a program of education or training, other than a program by correspondence, in an educational institution under chapter 31, 34, or 35 of this title for a covered reason during the period of an emergency situation, the Secretary shall find mitigating circumstances for purposes of section 3680(a)(1)(C)(ii) of this title.
(b) Covered Reason.—
In this section, the term “covered reason” means any reason related to an emergency situation, including—
(1) illness, quarantine, or social distancing requirements;
(2) issues associated with accessibility;
(3) access or availability of childcare;
(4) providing care for a family member or cohabitants;
(5) change of location or residence due to the emergency situation or associated school closures;
(6) employment changes or financial hardship; and
(7) issues associated with changes in format or medium of instruction.
(Added Pub. L. 117–333, § 2(a)(2), Jan. 5, 2023, 136 Stat. 6125.)
38 U.S.C. § 3673A (VETERANS’ BENEFITS)
§ 3673A. Risk-based surveys
(a) Development Required.—
The Secretary, in partnership with State approving agencies, shall develop a risk-based survey for oversight of educational institutions with courses and programs of education approved under this chapter.
(b) Scope.—
(1) The scope of the risk-based survey developed under subsection (a) shall be determined by the Secretary, in partnership with the State approving agency.
(2) At a minimum the scope determined under paragraph (1) shall include the following:
(A) Rapid increase in veteran enrollment.
(B) Rapid increase in tuition and fees.
(C) Complaints tracked and published with the mechanism required by section 3698(b)(2) from students pursuing programs of education with educational assistance furnished under laws administered by the Secretary, based on severity or volume of the complaints.
(D) Compliance with section 3680A(d)(1) of this title.
(E) Veteran completion rates.
(F) Indicators of financial stability.
(G) Review of the advertising and recruiting practices of the educational institution, including those by third-party contractors of the educational institution.
(H) Matters for which the Federal Government or a State Government brings an action in a court of competent jurisdiction against an educational institution, including matters in cases in which the Federal Government or the State comes to a settled agreement on such matters outside of the court.
(c) Database.—
The Secretary, in partnership with the State approving agencies under this chapter, shall establish a searchable database or use an existing system, as the Secretary considers appropriate, to serve as a central repository for information required for or collected during site visits for the risk-based survey developed under subsection (a), so as to improve future oversight of educational institutions with programs of education approved under this chapter.
(d) Notice.—
To the maximum amount feasible, the Secretary, or a State approving agency, as applicable, shall provide not more than one business day of notice to an educational institution before conducting a targeted risk-based survey of the institution under this section.
(Added Pub. L. 116–315, title I, § 1013(a)(1), Jan. 5, 2021, 134 Stat. 4942; amended Pub. L. 117–16, § 7(a)(3), (b)(1), June 8, 2021, 135 Stat. 285; Pub. L. 117–333, § 12(a), Jan. 5, 2023, 136 Stat. 6134.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2023—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 117–333 added subsec. (d).
2021—Pub. L. 117–16, § 7(b)(1), made technical correction to directory language of Pub. L. 116–315, § 1013(a)(1), which enacted this section.
Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 117–16, § 7(a)(3)(A), struck out “searchable” before “risk-based survey”.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 117–16, § 7(a)(3)(B), inserted “searchable” before “database”.
50 U.S.C. § 1707 (WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE)
§ 1707. Multinational economic embargoes against governments in armed conflict with the United States
(a) Policy on the establishment of embargoes
It is the policy of the United States, that upon the use of the Armed Forces of the United States to engage in hostilities against any foreign country, the President shall, as appropriate—
(1) seek the establishment of a multinational economic embargo against such country; and
(2) seek the seizure of its foreign financial assets.
(b) Reports to Congress
Not later than 20 days after the first day of the engagement of the United States in hostilities described in subsection (a), the President shall, if the armed conflict has continued for 14 days, submit to Congress a report setting forth—
(1) the specific steps the United States has taken and will continue to take to establish a multinational economic embargo and to initiate financial asset seizure pursuant to subsection (a); and
(2) any foreign sources of trade or revenue that directly or indirectly support the ability of the adversarial government to sustain a military conflict against the United States.
(Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title XII, § 1231, Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 788.)
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2000, and not as part of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act which comprises this chapter.
50 U.S.C. § 4025a (WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE)
§ 4025a. Portability of professional licenses of servicemembers and their spouses
(a) In general
In any case in which a servicemember or the spouse of a servicemember has a covered license and such servicemember or spouse relocates his or her residency because of military orders for military service to a location that is not in the jurisdiction of the licensing authority that issued the covered license, such covered license shall be considered valid at a similar scope of practice and in the discipline applied for in the jurisdiction of such new residency for the duration of such military orders if such servicemember or spouse—
(1) provides a copy of such military orders to the licensing authority in the jurisdiction in which the new residency is located;
(2) remains in good standing with—
(A) the licensing authority that issued the covered license; and
(B) every other licensing authority that has issued to the servicemember or the spouse of a servicemember a license valid at a similar scope of practice and in the discipline applied in the jurisdiction of such licensing authority;
(3) submits to the authority of the licensing authority in the new jurisdiction for the purposes of standards of practice, discipline, and fulfillment of any continuing education requirements.
(b) Interstate licensure compacts
If a servicemember or spouse of a servicemember is licensed and able to operate in multiple jurisdictions through an interstate licensure compact, with respect to services provided in the jurisdiction of the interstate licensure compact by a licensee covered by such compact, the servicemember or spouse of a servicemember shall be subject to the requirements of the compact or the applicable provisions of law of the applicable State and not this section.
(c) Covered license defined
In this section, the term “covered license” means a professional license or certificate—
(1) that is in good standing with the licensing authority that issued such professional license or certificate;
(2) that the servicemember or spouse of a servicemember has actively used during the two years immediately preceding the relocation described in subsection (a); and
(3) that is not a license to practice law.
(Oct. 17, 1940, ch. 888, title VII, § 705A, as added Pub. L. 117–333, § 19(a), Jan. 5, 2023, 136 Stat. 6137.)
6 U.S.C. § 484a (DOMESTIC SECURITY)
§ 484a. Reciprocal information sharing
Acting in accordance with a bilateral or multilateral arrangement, the Secretary, in the Secretary’s discretion and on the basis of reciprocity, may provide information from the National Sex Offender Registry relating to a conviction for a sex offense against a minor (as such terms are defined in section 20911 of title 34) to a foreign government upon the request of the foreign government, and may receive comparable information from the foreign government.
(Pub. L. 107–296, title VIII, § 895, as added Pub. L. 117–347, title III, § 323(a)(1)(B), Jan. 5, 2023, 136 Stat. 6207.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 895 of Pub. L. 107–296 amended Rule 6 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure, set out in the Appendix to Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 117–347, title III, § 323(a)(1)(A), Jan. 5, 2023, 136 Stat. 6206.
6 U.S.C. § 1534 (DOMESTIC SECURITY)
§ 1534. Cybercrime
Subject to the availability of appropriations, and in accordance with the comparable level of the General Schedule, the Attorney General and the Secretary of Homeland Security shall provide incentive pay, in an amount that is not more than 25 percent of the basic pay of the individual, to an individual appointed to a position in the Department of Justice (including the Federal Bureau of Investigation) or the Department of Homeland Security (including positions in Homeland Security Investigations), respectively, requiring significant cyber skills, including to aid in—
(1) the protection of trafficking victims;
(2) the prevention of trafficking in persons; or
(3) the prosecution of technology-facilitated crimes against children by buyers or traffickers in persons.
(Pub. L. 117–347, title IV, § 401, Jan. 5, 2023, 136 Stat. 6207.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: The General Schedule, referred to in text, is set out under section 5332 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the Abolish Trafficking Reauthorization Act of 2022, and not as part of the Cybersecurity Act of 2015 which comprises this chapter.