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10 U.S.C. § 9449 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 9449. Cadets: organization; service; instruction
(a) A cadet shall perform duties at such places and of such type as the President may direct.
(b) The course of instruction at the Academy is four years.
(c) The Secretary of the Air Force shall so arrange the course of studies at the Academy that cadets are not required to pursue their studies on Sunday.
(Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 566, § 9349; renumbered § 9449, Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title VIII, § 806(a)(3), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1832; amended Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title IX, § 923(d)(12), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 3815.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
9349(a)
10:1102.
R.S. 1322.
9349(b)
10:1043.
R.S. 1323.
9349(c)
9349(d)
10:1044.
10:1105.
Mar. 30, 1920, ch. 112 (1st par., less provisos, under “Miscellaneous”), 41 Stat. 548.
R.S. 1324.
In subsection (a), the word “commissioned” is inserted for clarity. 10:1105 (2d sentence) is omitted as obsolete.
In subsection (b), the word “perform” is substituted for the words “be subject at all times to do”. The words “of such type” are substituted for the words “on such service”.
In subsection (e), the words “members of the Air Force” are substituted for the words “private soldier, noncommissioned officer, and officer”. The words “taught and” are omitted as surplusage. 10:1105 (less 1st 18 words of last sentence) is omitted as inapplicable to the Air Force.
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2021—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 116–283 struck out subsec. (d) which read as follows: “Cadets shall be trained in the duties of members of the Air Force.”
2018—Pub. L. 115–232 renumbered section 9349 of this title as this section.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 2018 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 115–232 effective Feb. 1, 2019, with provision for the coordination of amendments and special rule for certain redesignations, see section 800 of Pub. L. 115–232, set out as a note preceding section 3001 of this title.
10 U.S.C. § 9450 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 9450. Cadets: clothing and equipment
(a) The Secretary of the Air Force may prescribe the amount to be credited to a cadet, upon original admission to the Academy, for the cost of his initial issue of clothing and equipment. That amount shall be deducted from his pay. If a cadet is discharged before graduation while owing the United States for pay advanced for the purchase of required clothing and equipment, he shall turn in so much of his clothing and equipment of a distinctive military nature as is necessary to repay the amount advanced. If the value of the clothing and equipment turned in does not cover the amount owed, the indebtedness shall be canceled.
(b) Under such regulations as the Secretary may prescribe, uniforms and equipment shall be furnished to a cadet at the Academy upon his request.
(Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 566, § 9350; renumbered § 9450, Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title VIII, § 806(a)(3), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1832.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
9350(a)
9350(b)
10:1149a.
10:1106.
Aug. 31, 1918, ch. 166, § 9 (17th through 22d words), 40 Stat. 957.
Aug. 22, 1951, ch. 340, § 1, 65 Stat. 196.
In subsection (a), the words “while owing the United States for pay advanced for the purpose of” are substituted for the words “who is indebted to the United States on account of advances in pay to purchase”. The words “as is necessary to repay the amount advanced” are substituted for the words “to the extent required to discharge such indebtedness”.
In subsection (b), the word “accouterments” is omitted as surplusage. The words “by the Government” and “such restrictions and” are omitted as surplusage. The words “at cost” are omitted to reflect Title IV of the National Security Act of 1947, as amended (63 Stat. 585), which authorized the Secretary of Defense to prescribe regulations governing the use and sale of certain inventories at cost, including applicable administrative expenses. (See opinion of the Assistant General Counsel (Fiscal Matters) of the Office of the Secretary of Defense, January 4, 1955.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2018—Pub. L. 115–232 renumbered section 9350 of this title as this section.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 2018 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 115–232 effective Feb. 1, 2019, with provision for the coordination of amendments and special rule for certain redesignations, see section 800 of Pub. L. 115–232, set out as a note preceding section 3001 of this title.
10 U.S.C. § 9451 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 9451. Cadets: deficiencies in conduct or studies; effect of failure on successor
(a) A cadet who is reported as deficient in conduct or studies and recommended to be discharged from the Academy may not, unless recommended by the Academy Board, be returned or reappointed to the Academy.
(b) Any cadet who fails to pass a required examination because he is deficient in any one subject of instruction is entitled to a reexamination of equal scope and difficulty in that subject, if he applies in writing to the Superintendent within 10 days after he is officially notified of his failure. The reexamination shall be held within 60 days after the date of his application. If the cadet passes the reexamination and is otherwise qualified, he shall be readmitted to the Academy. If he fails, he may not have another examination.
(c) The failure of a member of a graduating class to complete the course with his class does not delay the admission of his successor.
(Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 566, § 9351; renumbered § 9451, Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title VIII, § 806(a)(3), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1832.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
9351(a)
9351(b)
9351(c)
10:1104.
10:1103.
10:1092b (1st proviso).
Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 314 (3d, 4th, and 5th provisos under “Permanent Establishment”), 39 Stat. 493.
R.S. 1325.
June 30, 1950, ch. 421, § 2 (1st proviso), 64 Stat. 304.
In subsection (a), 10:1104 (last 20 words) is omitted as superseded by section 8287(d) of this title.
In subsection (b), the words “is entitled to” are substituted for the words “shall have the right to apply”. The words “of equal scope and difficulty in that subject” are substituted for the words “by compliance with the requirements existing at the time of the first examination”.
In subsection (c), the words “by reason of sickness, or deficiency in his studies, or other cause” are omitted as surplusage.
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2018—Pub. L. 115–232 renumbered section 9351 of this title as this section.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 2018 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 115–232 effective Feb. 1, 2019, with provision for the coordination of amendments and special rule for certain redesignations, see section 800 of Pub. L. 115–232, set out as a note preceding section 3001 of this title.
10 U.S.C. § 9452 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 9452. Cadets: hazing
(a) Subject to the approval of the Secretary of the Air Force, the Superintendent of the Academy shall issue regulations—
(1) defining hazing;
(2) designed to prevent that practice; and
(3) prescribing dismissal, suspension, or other adequate punishment for violations.
(b) If a cadet who is charged with violating a regulation issued under subsection (a), the penalty for which is or may be dismissal from the Academy, requests in writing a trial by a general court-martial, he may not be dismissed for that offense except under sentence of such a court.
(c) A cadet dismissed from the Academy for hazing may not be reappointed as a cadet, and is ineligible for appointment as a commissioned officer in a regular component of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, or Space Force, until two years after the graduation of his class.
(Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 566, § 9352; renumbered § 9452, Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title VIII, § 806(a)(3), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1832; amended Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title IX, § 923(d)(13), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 3815.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
9352(a)
9352(b)
9352(c)
10:1163 (1st par.).
10:1163 (1st 32 words of last par.).
10:1163 (last par., less 1st 32 words).
Mar. 2, 1901, ch. 804 (2d proviso under “Permanent Establishment”); restated Apr. 19, 1910, ch. 174 (38th par. under “Buildings and Grounds”), 36 Stat. 323.
In subsection (a), the word “violations” is substituted for the words “infractions of the same”. The words “to embody a clear” are omitted as surplusage.
In subsection (b), the words “the penalty for which is or may be” are substituted for the words “which would involve”. The words “may not be dismissed for that offense except under sentence of such a court” are substituted for the words “shall be granted”.
In subsection (c), the words “a regular component” are inserted, since the source statute historically applied only to the regular components.
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2021—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 116–283 substituted “as a cadet” for “as an Air Force cadet” and “Marine Corps, or Space Force” for “or Marine Corps”.
2018—Pub. L. 115–232 renumbered section 9352 of this title as this section.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 2018 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 115–232 effective Feb. 1, 2019, with provision for the coordination of amendments and special rule for certain redesignations, see section 800 of Pub. L. 115–232, set out as a note preceding section 3001 of this title.
10 U.S.C. § 9454 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 9454. Buildings and grounds: buildings for religious worship
The Secretary of the Air Force may authorize any denomination, sect, or religious body to erect a building for religious worship at the Air Force Academy, if its erection will not interfere with the use of the reservation for military purposes and will be without expense to the United States. Such a building shall be removed, or its location changed, without compensation for it and without expense to the United States, by the denomination, sect, or religious body that erected it, whenever in the opinion of the Secretary public or military necessity so requires.
(Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 567, § 9354; renumbered § 9454, Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title VIII, § 806(a)(3), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1832.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
9354
10:1126.
July 8, 1898, ch. 636, 30 Stat. 722.
The words “in his discretion” and “Government of” are omitted as surplusage. The words “United States” are substituted for the word “Government”.
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2018—Pub. L. 115–232 renumbered section 9354 of this title as this section.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 2018 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 115–232 effective Feb. 1, 2019, with provision for the coordination of amendments and special rule for certain redesignations, see section 800 of Pub. L. 115–232, set out as a note preceding section 3001 of this title.
10 U.S.C. § 9457 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 9457. Grants for faculty research for scientific, literary, and educational purposes: acceptance; authorized grantees
(a) Acceptance of Research Grants.—
The Secretary of the Air Force may authorize the Superintendent of the Academy to accept qualifying research grants under this section. Any such grant may only be accepted if the work under the grant is to be carried out by a professor or instructor of the Academy for a scientific, literary, or educational purpose.
(b) Qualifying Grants.—
A qualifying research grant under this section is a grant that is awarded on a competitive basis by an entity referred to in subsection (c) for a research project with a scientific, literary, or educational purpose.
(c) Entities From Which Grants May be Accepted.—
A grant may be accepted under this section only from a corporation, fund, foundation, educational institution, or similar entity that is organized and operated primarily for scientific, literary, or educational purposes.
(d) Administration of Grant Funds.—
The Secretary shall establish an account for administering funds received as research grants under this section. The Superintendent shall use the funds in the account in accordance with applicable regulations and the terms and conditions of the grants received.
(e) Related Expenses.—
Subject to such limitations as may be provided in appropriations Acts, appropriations available for the Academy may be used to pay expenses incurred by the Academy in applying for, and otherwise pursuing, award of a qualifying research grant.
(f) Regulations.—
The Secretary of the Air Force shall prescribe regulations for the administration of this section.
(Added Pub. L. 105–261, div. A, title X, § 1063(c)(1), Oct. 17, 1998, 112 Stat. 2131, § 9357; renumbered § 9457, Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title VIII, § 806(a)(3), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1832.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2018—Pub. L. 115–232 renumbered section 9357 of this title as this section.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 2018 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 115–232 effective Feb. 1, 2019, with provision for the coordination of amendments and special rule for certain redesignations, see section 800 of Pub. L. 115–232, set out as a note preceding section 3001 of this title.
10 U.S.C. § 9459 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 9459. Mixed-funded athletic and recreational extracurricular programs: authority to manage appropriated funds in same manner as nonappropriated funds
(a) Authority.—
In the case of an Academy mixed-funded athletic or recreational extracurricular program, the Secretary of the Air Force may designate funds appropriated to the Department of the Air Force and available for that program to be treated as nonappropriated funds and expended for that program in accordance with laws applicable to the expenditure of nonappropriated funds. Appropriated funds so designated shall be considered to be nonappropriated funds for all purposes and shall remain available until expended.
(b) Covered Programs.—
In this section, the term “Academy mixed-funded athletic or recreational extracurricular program” means an athletic or recreational extracurricular program of the Academy to which each of the following applies:
(1) The program is not considered a morale, welfare, or recreation program.
(2) The program is supported through appropriated funds.
(3) The program is supported by a nonappropriated fund instrumentality.
(4) The program is not a private organization and is not operated by a private organization.
(Added Pub. L. 108–375, div. A, title V, § 544(c)(1), Oct. 28, 2004, 118 Stat. 1907, § 9359; renumbered § 9459, Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title VIII, § 806(a)(3), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1832.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2018—Pub. L. 115–232 renumbered section 9359 of this title as this section.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 2018 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 115–232 effective Feb. 1, 2019, with provision for the coordination of amendments and special rule for certain redesignations, see section 800 of Pub. L. 115–232, set out as a note preceding section 3001 of this title.
heading: Effective Date
text: Section applicable only with respect to funds appropriated for fiscal years after fiscal year 2004, see section 544(d) of Pub. L. 108–375, set out as a note under section 7459 of this title.
10 U.S.C. § 9460 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 9460. Cadets: charges and fees for attendance; limitation
(a) Prohibition.—
Except as provided in subsection (b), no charge or fee for tuition, room, or board for attendance at the Academy may be imposed unless the charge or fee is specifically authorized by a law enacted after October 5, 1994.
(b) Exception.—
The prohibition specified in subsection (a) does not apply with respect to any item or service provided to cadets for which a charge or fee is imposed as of October 5, 1994. The Secretary of Defense shall notify Congress of any change made by the Academy in the amount of a charge or fee authorized under this subsection.
(Added Pub. L. 108–375, div. A, title V, § 545(c)(1), Oct. 28, 2004, 118 Stat. 1908, § 9360; renumbered § 9460, Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title VIII, § 806(a)(3), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1832.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2018—Pub. L. 115–232 renumbered section 9360 of this title as this section.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 2018 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 115–232 effective Feb. 1, 2019, with provision for the coordination of amendments and special rule for certain redesignations, see section 800 of Pub. L. 115–232, set out as a note preceding section 3001 of this title.
10 U.S.C. § 9481 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 9481. Establishment: purpose
The Secretary of the Air Force may maintain schools and camps for the military instruction and training of persons selected, upon their application, from warrant officers and enlisted members of the Air Force, the Space Force, and civilians, to qualify them for appointment as reserve officers, or enlistment as reserve noncommissioned officers, for service in the Air Force Reserve or the Space Force Reserve.
(Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 571, § 9411; renumbered § 9481, Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title VIII, § 806(a)(2), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1832; amended Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title IX, § 923(d)(16), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 3815.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
9411
10:442 (words before 1st semicolon of 1st sentence).
June 3, 1916, ch. 134, § 47d (words before 1st semicolon of 1st sentence); added June 4, 1920, ch. 227, subch. I, § 34 (words before 1st semicolon of 1st sentence of last par.), 41 Stat. 779.
The words “upon military reservations or elsewhere” are omitted as surplusage. The words “of the Air Force” are inserted for clarity. The words “or enlistment as” are inserted for clarity.
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2021—Pub. L. 116–283, § 923(d)(16)(B), inserted “or the Space Force Reserve” after “the Air Force Reserve”.
Pub. L. 116–283, § 923(d)(16)(A), which directed amendment of this section by inserting “, the Space Force,” after “members of the Air Force,”, was executed by making the insertion after “members of the Air Force” to reflect the probable intent of Congress.
2018—Pub. L. 115–232 renumbered section 9411 of this title as this section.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 2018 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 115–232 effective Feb. 1, 2019, with provision for the coordination of amendments and special rule for certain redesignations, see section 800 of Pub. L. 115–232, set out as a note preceding section 3001 of this title.
10 U.S.C. § 9482 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 9482. Operation
In maintaining camps established under section 9481 of this title, the Secretary of the Air Force may—
(1) prescribe the periods during which they will be operated;
(2) prescribe regulations for their administration;
(3) prescribe the courses to be taught;
(4) detail members of the Regular Air Force or the Regular Space Force to designated duties relating to the camps;
(5) use necessary supplies and transportation;
(6) furnish uniforms, subsistence, and medical attendance and supplies to persons attending the camp; and
(7) authorize necessary expenditures from proper Air Force or Space Force funds for—
(A) water;
(B) fuel;
(C) light;
(D) temporary structures, except barracks and officers’ quarters;
(E) screening;
(F) damages resulting from field exercises;
(G) expenses incident to theoretical winter instruction of trainees; and
(H) other expenses incident to maintaining the camps.
(Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, 70A Stat. 571, § 9412; renumbered § 9482 and amended Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title VIII, §§ 806(a)(2), 809(a), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1832, 1840; Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title IX, § 923(d)(17), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 3816.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
9412
10:442 (47 words after 1st semicolon, and 72 words before 3d semicolon, of 1st sentence; and last sentence).
June 3, 1916, ch. 134, § 47d (47 words after 1st semicolon, and 72 words before 3d semicolon, of 1st sentence; and last sentence); added June 4, 1920, ch. 227, subch. I, § 34 (47 words after 1st semicolon, and 72 words before 3d semicolon, of 1st sentence; and last sentence of last par.), 41 Stat. 779.
The word “supplies” is substituted for the words “such arms, ammunition, accoutrements, equipments, tentage, field equipage”, since, under the definition of the word “supplies”, in section 101(26) of this title, those words are covered by the word “supplies”. The words “belonging to the United States”, “and imparting military instruction and training thereat”, “during the period of their attendance”, “theoretical and practical instruction”, “persons attending the camps authorized by this section”, and “as he may deem” are omitted as surplusage. The word “detail” is substituted for the word “employ”. The word “members” is substituted for the words “officers, warrant officers, and enlisted men”.
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2021—Par. (4). Pub. L. 116–283, § 923(d)(17)(A), inserted “or the Regular Space Force” after “Regular Air Force”.
Par. (7). Pub. L. 116–283, § 923(d)(17)(B), inserted “or Space Force” after “Air Force” in introductory provisions.
2018—Pub. L. 115–232 renumbered section 9412 of this title as this section and substituted “section 9481” for “section 9411” in introductory provisions.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 2018 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 115–232 effective Feb. 1, 2019, with provision for the coordination of amendments and special rule for certain redesignations, see section 800 of Pub. L. 115–232, set out as a note preceding section 3001 of this title.