dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
15 U.S.C. § 3132 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 3132. Committee review
(a) Short-term and medium-term goals
In conjunction with its review of the Economic Report, and the holding of hearings on the Economic Report under the Employment Act of 1946 [15 U.S.C. 1021 et seq.], the Joint Economic Committee shall review and analyze the short-term and medium-term goals set forth in the Economic Report pursuant to section 3(a)(2) and 4(b) of the Employment Act of 1946 [15 U.S.C. 1022(a)(2), 1022a(b)].
(b) Hearings
The Joint Economic Committee shall hold hearings on the Economic Report for the purpose of receiving testimony from Members of the Congress, and such appropriate representatives of Federal departments and agencies, the general public, and interested groups as the joint committee deems advisable. The joint committee shall also consider the comments and views on the Economic Report which are received from State and local officials.
(c) Report of standing and joint committees and committees with legislative jurisdiction
Within thirty days after receipt by the Congress of the Economic Report, each standing committee of the Senate and the House of Representatives, each other committee of the Senate and the House of Representatives which has legislative jurisdiction, and each joint committee of the Congress may submit to the Joint Economic Committee, for use by the Joint Economic Committee in conducting its review and analysis under subsection (a), a report containing the views and recommendations of the submitting committee with respect to aspects of the Economic Report which relate to its jurisdiction.
(d) Report of Joint Economic Committee
On or before March 15 of each year, a majority of the members of the Joint Economic Committee shall submit a report to the Committees on the Budget of the Senate and the House of Representatives. Such report shall include findings, recommendations, and any appropriate analyses with respect and in direct comparison to each of the short-term and medium-term goals set forth in the Economic Report.
(Pub. L. 95–523, title III, § 302, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 1904.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: The Employment Act of 1946, referred to in subsec. (a), is act Feb. 20, 1946, ch. 33, 60 Stat. 23, which is classified generally to chapter 21 (§ 1021 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1021 of this title and Tables.
15 U.S.C. § 3151 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 3151. Nondiscrimination
(a) Exclusion from participation or denial of benefits
No person in the United States shall on the ground of sex, age, race, color, religion, national origin or handicap be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity funded pursuant to the implementation of this chapter, including membership in any structure created by this chapter.
(b) Noncompliance notification; remedies of Secretary of Labor
Whenever the Secretary of Labor determines that a recipient of funds made available pursuant to this chapter has failed to comply with subsection (a), or an applicable regulation, the Secretary shall notify the recipient of the noncompliance and shall request such recipient to secure compliance. If within a reasonable period of time, not to exceed sixty days, the recipient fails or refuses to secure compliance, the Secretary of Labor may—
(1) refer the matter to the Attorney General with a recommendation that an appropriate civil action be instituted;
(2) exercise the powers and functions provided by title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq.) 1 or
(3) take such other action as may be provided by law.
(c) Civil action by Attorney General
When a matter is referred to the Attorney General pursuant to subsection (b), or whenever the Attorney General has reason to believe that a recipient is engaged in a pattern or practice in violation of the provisions of this section, the Attorney General may bring a civil action in the appropriate United States district court for any and all appropriate relief.
(d) Enforcement analysis in Report of President
To assist and evaluate the enforcement of this section, and the broader equal employment opportunity policies of this chapter the Secretary of Labor shall include, in the annual report referred to in section 1022a(f)(2)(B) of this title, a detailed analysis of the extent to which the enforcement of this section achieves positive results in both the quantity and quality of jobs, and for employment opportunities generally.
(Pub. L. 95–523, title IV, § 401, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 1907; Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title VIII, § 405(d)(12)(B)], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–337, 2681–421.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: For definition of “this chapter”, referred to in subsecs. (a), (b), and (d), see References in Text note set out under section 3102 of this title.
The Civil Rights Act of 1964, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is Pub. L. 88–352, July 2, 1964, 78 Stat. 241. Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is classified generally to subchapter V (§ 2000d et seq.) of chapter 21 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2000a of Title 42 and Tables.
heading: Amendments
text: 1998—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 105–277 substituted “include, in the annual report referred to in section 1022a(f)(2)(B) of this title,” for “include, in the annual Employment and Training Report of the President provided under section 705(a) of CETA,”.
15 U.S.C. § 3152 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 3152. Labor standards
(a) Equal wages; increase in employment
Any new program enacted and funded pursuant to the implementation of this chapter shall, subject to any limitations on maximum annual compensation as may be provided in the law authorizing such programs, provide that persons employed are paid equal wages for equal work, and that such policies and programs create a net increase in employment through work that would not otherwise be done or are essential to fulfill national priority purposes.
(b) Wage rates; work limitations of reservoir projects employees
Any person employed in any reservoir project enacted and funded pursuant to the implementation of section 3116(c)(1) of this title, or in any other job created pursuant to implementation of this chapter, shall, subject to any limitations on maximum annual compensation as may be provided in the law authorizing such programs, be paid not less than the pay received by others performing the same type of work for the same employer, and in no case less than the minimum wage under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 [29 U.S.C. 201 et seq.]. No person employed in any reservoir project enacted and funded pursuant to implementation of section 3116(c)(1) of this title shall perform work of the type to which sections 3141–3144, 3146, and 3147 of title 40 apply, except as otherwise may be specifically authorized by law.
(c) Recommendations of President
Any recommendation by the President for legislation to implement any program enacted pursuant to the provisions of this chapter, requiring the use of funds under this chapter, and submitted pursuant to the requirements of this chapter, shall contain appropriate wage provisions based upon existing wage standard legislation.
(Pub. L. 95–523, title IV, § 402, Oct. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 1908.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: For definition of “this chapter”, referred to in text, see References in Text note set out under section 3102 of this title.
The Fair Labor Standards Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is act June 25, 1938, ch. 676. 52 Stat. 1060, which is classified generally to chapter 8 (§ 201 et seq.) of Title 29, Labor. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 201 of Title 29, and Tables.
heading: Codification
text: “Sections 3141–3144, 3146, and 3147 of title 40 apply” substituted in subsec. (b) for “the Davis-Bacon Act (40 U.S.C. 276a—276a–5) applies” on authority of Pub. L. 107–217, § 5(c), Aug. 21, 2002, 116 Stat. 1303, the first section of which enacted Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works.
15 U.S.C. § 4659 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 4659. Additional authorities
(a) In general
In carrying out the responsibilities of the Department of Commerce under this chapter, the Secretary may—
(1) enter into agreements, including contracts, grants and cooperative agreements, and other transactions as may be necessary and on such terms as the Secretary considers appropriate;
(2) make advance payments under agreements and other transactions authorized under paragraph (1) without regard to section 3324 of title 31;
(3) require a person or other entity to make payments to the Department of Commerce upon application and as a condition for receiving support through an award of assistance or other transaction;
(4) procure temporary and intermittent services of experts and consultants in accordance with section 3109 of title 5;
(5) notwithstanding section 3104 of title 5 or the provisions of any other law relating to the appointment, number, classification, or compensation of employees, make appointments of scientific, engineering, and professional personnel, and fix the basic pay of such personnel at a rate to be determined by the Secretary at rates not in excess of the highest total annual compensation payable at the rate determined under section 104 of title 3, except that the Secretary shall appoint not more than 25 personnel under this paragraph;
(6) with the consent of another Federal agency, enter into an agreement with that Federal agency to use, with or without reimbursement, any service, equipment, personnel, or facility of that Federal agency; and
(7) establish such rules, regulations, and procedures as the Secretary considers appropriate.
(b) Requirement
Any funds received from a payment made by a person or entity pursuant to subsection (a)(3) shall be credited to and merged with the account from which support to the person or entity was made 1
(Pub. L. 116–283, div. H, title XCIX, § 9909, as added Pub. L. 117–167, div. A, § 103(d), Aug. 9, 2022, 136 Stat. 1389.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “this division” and was translated as reading “this title”, meaning title XCIX of div. H of Pub. L. 116–283, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.
15 U.S.C. § 5541 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 5541. Definitions
In this subchapter:
(1) Department
The term “Department” means the Department of Energy.
(2) Exascale computing
The term “exascale computing” means computing through the use of a computing machine that performs near or above 10 to the 18th power operations per second.
(3) High-end computing system
The term “high-end computing system” means a computing system with performance that substantially exceeds that of systems that are commonly available for advanced scientific and engineering applications.
(4) Leadership System
The term “Leadership System” means a high-end computing system that is among the most advanced in the world in terms of performance in solving scientific and engineering problems.
(5) Institution of higher education
The term “institution of higher education” has the meaning given the term in section 1001(a) of title 20.
(6) Secretary
The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Energy.
(Pub. L. 108–423, § 2, Nov. 30, 2004, 118 Stat. 2400; Pub. L. 115–246, title III, § 304(b)(2), Sept. 28, 2018, 132 Stat. 3145; Pub. L. 117–167, div. B, title I, § 10104(a)(1), Aug. 9, 2022, 136 Stat. 1433.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This subchapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 108–423, Nov. 30, 2004, 118 Stat. 2400, which is classified principally to this subchapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 5501 of this title and Tables.
heading: Codification
text: This section was enacted as part of the American Super Computing Leadership Act of 2017 which comprises this subchapter, and not as part of the High-Performance Computing Act of 1991 which comprises this chapter.
heading: Amendments
text: 2018—Pars. (1) to (5). Pub. L. 115–246, § 304(b)(2)(A), (B), as amended by Pub. L. 117–167, § 10104(a)(1), added pars. (1) and (2), redesignated former pars. (2) to (4) as (3) to (5), respectively, and struck out former par. (1) which defined “Center”. Former par. (5) redesignated (6).
Par. (6). Pub. L. 115–246, § 304(b)(2)(A), (C), as amended by Pub. L. 117–167, § 10104(a)(1), redesignated par. (5) as (6) and struck out “, acting through the Director of the Office of Science of the Department of Energy” before period at end.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Short Title
text: This subchapter known as the “American Super Computing Leadership Act of 2017”, see Short Title note set out under section 5501 of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 7464 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 7464. Identity management research and development
(a) In general
The Director shall carry out a program of research to support the development of voluntary, consensus-based technical standards, best practices, benchmarks, methodologies, metrology, testbeds, and conformance criteria for identity management, taking into account appropriate user concerns to—
(1) improve interoperability and portability among identity management technologies;
(2) strengthen identity proofing and verification methods used in identity management systems commensurate with the level of risk, including identity and attribute validation services provided by Federal, State, and local governments;
(3) improve privacy protection in identity management systems; and
(4) improve the accuracy, usability, and inclusivity of identity management systems.
(b) Digital identity technical roadmap
The Director, in consultation with other relevant Federal agencies and stakeholders from the private sector, shall develop and maintain a technical roadmap for digital identity management research and development focused on enabling the voluntary use and adoption of modern digital identity solutions that align with the four criteria in subsection (a).
(c) Digital identity management guidance
(1) In general
The Director shall develop, and periodically update, in collaboration with other public and private sector organizations, common definitions and voluntary guidance for digital identity management systems, including identity and attribute validation services provided by Federal, State, and local governments.
(2) Guidance
The Guidance shall—
(A) align with the four criteria in subsection (a), as practicable;
(B) provide case studies of implementation of guidance;
(C) incorporate voluntary technical standards and industry best practices; and
(D) not prescribe or otherwise require the use of specific technology products or services.
(3) Consultation
In carrying out this subsection, the Director shall consult with—
(A) Federal and State agencies;
(B) industry;
(C) potential end-users and individuals that will use services related to digital identity verification; and
(D) experts with relevant experience in the systems that enable digital identity verification, as determined by the Director.
(Pub. L. 113–274, title V, § 504, Dec. 18, 2014, 128 Stat. 2987; Pub. L. 117–167, div. B, title II, § 10225, Aug. 9, 2022, 136 Stat. 1478.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2022—Pub. L. 117–167 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section related to Director’s continuance of program to support development of voluntary and cost-effective technical standards, metrology, testbeds, and conformance criteria, taking into account appropriate user concerns.
15 U.S.C. § 8801 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 8801. Definitions
In this chapter:
(1) Advisory Committee
The term “Advisory Committee” means the National Quantum Initiative Advisory Committee established under section 8814(a) of this title.
(2) Appropriate committees of Congress
The term “appropriate committees of Congress” means—
(A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate;
(B) the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate; and
(C) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives.
(3) Coordination Office
The term “Coordination Office” means the National Quantum Coordination Office established under section 8812(a) of this title.
(4) Institution of higher education
The term “institution of higher education” has the meaning given the term in section 1001(a) of title 20.
(5) Program
The term “Program” means the National Quantum Initiative Program implemented under section 8811(a) of this title.
(6) Quantum information science
The term “quantum information science” means the use of the laws of quantum physics for the storage, transmission, manipulation, computing, or measurement of information.
(7) Quantum network infrastructure
The term “quantum network infrastructure” means any facility, expertise, or capability that is necessary to enable the development and deployment of scalable and diverse quantum network technologies.
(8) 1 Subcommittee on Economic and Security Implications
The term “Subcommittee on Economic and Security Implications” means the Subcommittee on the Economic and Security Implications of Quantum Information Science established under section 8814a(a) of this title.
(8) 1 Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science
The term “Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science” means the Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science of the National Science and Technology Council established under section 8813(a) of this title.
(Pub. L. 115–368, § 2, Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5092; Pub. L. 117–81, div. F, title LXVI, § 6606(c)(1), Dec. 27, 2021, 135 Stat. 2443; Pub. L. 117–167, div. B, title I, § 10104(b)(1), Aug. 9, 2022, 136 Stat. 1437.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2022—Pars. (7), (8). Pub. L. 117–167 added par. (7) and redesignated former par. (7) relating to Subcommittee on Economic and Security Implications as (8).
2021—Pars. (7), (8). Pub. L. 117–81 added pars. (7) and (8) and struck out former par. (7) which defined “Subcommittee”.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Short Title
text: Pub. L. 115–368, § 1(a), Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5092, provided that: “This Act [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the ‘National Quantum Initiative Act’.”
26 U.S.C. § 845 (INTERNAL REVENUE CODE)
§ 845. Certain reinsurance agreements
(a) Allocation in case of reinsurance agreement involving tax avoidance or evasion
In the case of 2 or more related persons (within the meaning of section 482) who are parties to a reinsurance agreement (or where one of the parties to a reinsurance agreement is, with respect to any contract covered by the agreement, in effect an agent of another party to such agreement or a conduit between related persons), the Secretary may—
(1) allocate between or among such persons income (whether investment income, premium, or otherwise), deductions, assets, reserves, credits, and other items related to such agreement,
(2) recharacterize any such items, or
(3) make any other adjustment,
if he determines that such allocation, recharacterization, or adjustment is necessary to reflect the proper amount, source, or character of the taxable income (or any item described in paragraph (1) relating to such taxable income) of each such person.
(b) Reinsurance contract having significant tax avoidance effect
If the Secretary determines that any reinsurance contract has a significant tax avoidance effect on any party to such contract, the Secretary may make proper adjustments with respect to such party to eliminate such tax avoidance effect (including treating such contract with respect to such party as terminated on December 31 of each year and reinstated on January 1 of the next year).
(Added Pub. L. 98–369, div. A, title II, § 212(a), July 18, 1984, 98 Stat. 757; amended Pub. L. 108–357, title VIII, § 803(a), Oct. 22, 2004, 118 Stat. 1569.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2004—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 108–357 substituted “amount, source, or character” for “source and character” in concluding provisions.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 2004 Amendment
text: Pub. L. 108–357, title VIII, § 803(b), Oct. 22, 2004, 118 Stat. 1569, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall apply to any risk reinsured after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 22, 2004].”
heading: Effective Date
text: Pub. L. 98–369, div. A, title II, § 217(d), July 18, 1984, 98 Stat. 762, as amended by Pub. L. 99–514, § 2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095, provided that:
“(1) Subsection (a) of section 845 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [formerly I.R.C. 1954] (as added by this title) shall apply with respect to any risk reinsured on or after September 27, 1983.
“(2) Subsection (b) of section 845 of such Code (as so added) shall apply with respect to risks reinsured after December 31, 1984.”
26 U.S.C. § 5067 (INTERNAL REVENUE CODE)
§ 5067. Reduced rates not allowed for smuggled or illegally produced beer, wine, or spirits
In the case of beer, wine, or distilled spirits that are smuggled into the United States or produced other than as authorized by this chapter—
(1) the rates of tax under paragraphs (1)(A)(i) and (2) of section 5051(a) shall not apply in the case of any such beer,
(2) the credit under section 5041(c) shall not apply in the case of any such wine, and
(3) the rates of tax under section 5001(c) shall not apply in the case of any such distilled spirits.
(Added Pub. L. 116–260, div. EE, title I, § 108(a), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 3049.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 5067 was renumbered section 5068 of this title.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Pub. L. 116–260, div. EE, title I, § 108(c), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 3049, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [enacting this section and transferring former section 5067 of this title to section 5068 of this title] shall apply to beer, wine, or distilled spirits, as the case may be, produced after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 27, 2020].”
26 U.S.C. § 5671 (INTERNAL REVENUE CODE)
§ 5671. Penalty and forfeiture for evasion of beer tax and fraudulent noncompliance with requirements
Whoever evades or attempts to evade any tax imposed by section 5051, or with intent to defraud the United States fails or refuses to keep and file true and accurate records and returns as required by section 5415 and regulations issued pursuant thereto, shall be fined not more than $5,000, or imprisoned not more than 5 years, or both, for each such offense, and shall forfeit all beer made by him or for him, and all the vessels, utensils, and apparatus used in making the same.
(Added Pub. L. 85–859, title II, § 201, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1408; amended Pub. L. 109–59, title XI, § 11125(b)(18), Aug. 10, 2005, 119 Stat. 1956.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 5671, act Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 696, consisted of provisions similar to those comprising this section, prior to the general revision of this chapter by Pub. L. 85–859.
heading: Amendments
text: 2005—Pub. L. 109–59 struck out “or 5091” after “section 5051”.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 2005 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 109–59 effective July 1, 2008, but inapplicable to taxes imposed for periods before such date, see section 11125(c) of Pub. L. 109–59, set out as a note under section 5002 of this title.
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective July 1, 1959, see section 210(a)(1) of Pub. L. 85–859, set out as a note under section 5001 of this title.