33 U.S.C. § 2313 (NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS)
§ 2313. Collaborative research and development
(a) In general
For the purpose of improving the state of engineering and construction in the United States and consistent with the civil works mission of the Army Corps of Engineers, the Secretary is authorized to utilize Army Corps of Engineers laboratories and research centers to undertake, on a cost-shared basis, collaborative research and development with non-Federal entities, including State and local government, colleges and universities, and corporations, partnerships, sole proprietorships, and trade associations which are incorporated or established under the laws of any of the several States of the United States or the District of Columbia.
(b) Pre-agreement temporary protection of technology
(1) In general
If the Secretary determines that information developed as a result of research and development activities conducted by the Corps of Engineers is likely to be subject to a cooperative research and development agreement within 2 years of its development and that such information would be a trade secret or commercial or financial information that would be privileged or confidential if the information had been obtained from a non-Federal party participating in a cooperative research and development agreement under section 12 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3710a), the Secretary may provide appropriate protection against the dissemination of such information, including exemption from subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5, until the earlier of the date the Secretary enters into such an agreement with respect to such technology or the last day of the 2-year period beginning on the date of such determination.
(2) Treatment
Any technology covered by this section that becomes the subject of a cooperative research and development agreement shall be accorded the protection provided under section 12(c)(7)(B) of such Act (15 U.S.C. 3710a(c)(7)(B)) as if such technology had been developed under a cooperative research and development agreement.
(c) Administrative provisions
In carrying out this section, the Secretary may consider the recommendations of a non-Federal entity in identifying appropriate research or development projects and may enter into a cooperative research and development agreement, as defined in section 12 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3710a); except that in such agreement, the Secretary may agree to provide not more than 50 percent of the cost of any research or development project selected by the Secretary under this section. Not less than 5 percent of the non-Federal entity’s share of the cost of any such project shall be paid in cash.
(d) Applicability of other laws
The research, development, or utilization of any technology pursuant to an agreement under subsection (c), including the terms under which such technology may be licensed and the resulting royalties may be distributed, shall be subject to the provisions of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3701–3714).
(e) Authorization of appropriations
To carry out the purposes of this section, there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of the Army civil works funds $3,000,000 for fiscal year 1989, $4,000,000 for fiscal year 1990, $5,000,000 for fiscal year 1991, and $6,000,000 for each fiscal year thereafter.
(f) Funding from other Federal sources
The Secretary may accept and expend additional funds from other Federal programs, including other Department of Defense programs, to carry out this section.
(Pub. L. 100–676, § 7, Nov. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 4022; Pub. L. 104–303, title II, § 214, Oct. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 3684.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: The Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980, referred to in subsec. (d), is Pub. L. 96–480, Oct. 21, 1980, 94 Stat. 2311, which is classified generally to chapter 63 (§ 3701 et seq.) of Title 15, Commerce and Trade. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3701 of Title 15 and Tables.
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1988, and not as part of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 which comprises this chapter.
heading: Amendments
text: 1996—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–303, § 214(a)(1), inserted “civil works” before “mission”.
Subsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 104–303, § 214(b)(1), (2), added subsec. (b) and redesignated former subsec. (b) as (c). Former subsec. (c) redesignated (d).
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 104–303, § 214(b)(1), (3), redesignated subsec. (c) as (d) and substituted “subsection (c)” for “subsection (b)”. Former subsec. (d) redesignated (e).
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 104–303, § 214(b)(1), redesignated subsec. (d) as (e). Former subsec. (e) redesignated (f).
Pub. L. 104–303, § 214(a)(2), added subsec. (e) and struck out heading and text of former subsec. (e). Text read as follows: “Notwithstanding the third proviso under the heading ‘General Investigations’ of title I of the Energy and Water Development Appropriations Act, 1989 (102 Stat. 857), an additional $3,000,000 of the funds appropriated under such heading shall be available to the Secretary for obligation to carry out the purposes of this section in fiscal year 1989.”
Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 104–303, § 214(b)(1), redesignated subsec. (e) as (f).
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Magnetic Levitation Technology
text: Pub. L. 101–640, title IV, § 417, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4652, provided that:
“(a) Research and Development.—
The Secretary is authorized, in cooperation with the Secretary of Transportation, to conduct research and development activities on magnetic levitation technology or to provide for such research and development.
“(b) Collaboration.—
The Secretary is authorized to collaborate with non-Federal entities (including State and local governments, colleges and universities, and corporations, partnerships, sole proprietorships, and trade associations which are incorporated or established under laws of a State or the District of Columbia) in carrying out research and development on magnetic levitation technology.
“(c) Cooperative Research Contracts.—
In carrying out this section, the Secretary may enter into contracts or cooperative research and development agreements under section 12 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3710a), except that the Secretary may fund up to 50 percent of the cost of each collaborative research and development project undertaken.
“(d) Licensing of Research and Development.—
The research, development, and use of any technology developed under an agreement entered into pursuant to this section, including the terms under which such technology may be licensed and the resulting royalties may be distributed, shall be subject to the provisions of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3701–3714). In addition, the Secretary may require the non-Federal entity to certify that such research and development will be performed substantially in the United States and that products embodying inventions made under an agreement entered into pursuant to this section or produced through the use of such inventions will be manufactured substantially in the United States.
“(e) Authorization of Appropriations.—
For purposes of carrying out this section, there is authorized to be appropriated $1,000,000 for fiscal year 1990 and $4,000,000 for fiscal year 1991. Such funds shall remain available until expended. No funds are authorized to be appropriated under this section for any fiscal year beginning after September 30, 1991.”
heading: “Secretary” Defined
text: Secretary means the Secretary of the Army, see section 2 of Pub. L. 100–676, set out as a note under section 2201 of this title.