dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
15 U.S.C. § 5303 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 5303. Establishment of program
The Secretary, acting in accordance with authority provided in the Federal Non-Nuclear Research and Development Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5901 et seq.), except as otherwise provided in this chapter, shall establish a Metal Casting Competitiveness Research Program (hereafter in this chapter referred to as the “Program”) for the purpose of performing and promoting the performance of research and development on issues related to the technology competitiveness and energy efficiency of the United States metal casting industry.
(Pub. L. 101–425, § 4, Oct. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 916.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: The Federal Non-Nuclear Research and Development Act of 1974, referred to in text, probably means the Federal Nonnuclear Energy Research and Development Act of 1974, Pub. L. 93–577, Dec. 31, 1974, 88 Stat. 1878, as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 74 (§ 5901 et seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 5901 of Title 42 and Tables.
15 U.S.C. § 5306 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 5306. Industrial Advisory Board
(a) Establishment of Board
Within 120 days after October 15, 1990, the Secretary, after consulting with representatives of trade and technical associations of the metal casting industry, shall establish an Industrial Advisory Board (hereafter in this chapter referred to as the “Board”) to provide guidance and oversight in implementing the selection criteria and operation of the program. The Board shall be composed of nine members who are selected by the Secretary, a majority of whom shall be individuals from the metal casting industry or individuals affiliated with the industry. At least one member of the Board shall be chosen from each of the four census regions of the country. Each Board member shall serve for a term not to exceed five years, but may be reappointed for successive terms.
(b) Review and recommendations
(1) Within 180 days after October 15, 1990, and annually thereafter, the Board shall develop from the general research areas identified in section 5304(d) of this title and submit to the Secretary a list of Metal Casting Research Priorities. Such list shall, to the greatest extent possible, identify specific areas of research that would be considered of a priority nature to the United States metal casting industry.
(2) On an annual basis the Board shall—
(A) review the Secretary’s solicitation and selection of research proposals and make recommendations as to how each such activity can be altered so as to better achieve the purposes of this chapter; and
(B) review the research activities of each selected applicant, and the selected applicant’s management plan, and report its findings and recommendations to the Secretary.
(Pub. L. 101–425, § 7, Oct. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 918.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Termination of Advisory Boards
text: Advisory boards established after Jan. 5, 1973, to terminate not later than the expiration of the 2-year period beginning on the date of their establishment, unless, in the case of a board established by the President or an officer of the Federal Government, such board is renewed by appropriate action prior to the expiration of such 2-year period, or in the case of a board established by the Congress, its duration is otherwise provided for by law. See sections 3(2) and 14 of Pub. L. 92–463, Oct. 6, 1972, 86 Stat. 770, 776, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
15 U.S.C. § 5307 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 5307. Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for carrying out this chapter $5,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, and 1997, to be derived from such sums as are otherwise authorized under section 13451(e) of title 42.
(Pub. L. 101–425, § 8, Oct. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 919; Pub. L. 102–486, title XXI, § 2106(b), Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3070.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 1992—Pub. L. 102–486 substituted “1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, and 1997, to be derived from such sums as are otherwise authorized under section 13451(e) of title 42” for “and 1993”.
15 U.S.C. § 5309 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 5309. Omitted
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Section, Pub. L. 101–425, § 10, Oct. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 919, which required, at the time the President’s annual budget request for the Department is submitted, that the Secretary provide to Congress a detailed review of the progress of the research and development activities authorized under this chapter, terminated, effective May 15, 2000, pursuant to section 3003 of Pub. L. 104–66, as amended, set out as a note under section 1113 of Title 31, Money and Finance. See, also, page 84 of House Document No. 103–7.
15 U.S.C. § 5401 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 5401. Findings
The Congress finds that—
(1) the United States fastener industry is a significant contributor to the global economy, employing thousands of workers in hundreds of communities;
(2) the American economy uses billions of fasteners each year;
(3) state-of-the-art manufacturing and improved quality assurance systems have dramatically improved fastener quality, so virtually all fasteners sold in commerce meet or exceed the consensus standards for the uses to which they are applied;
(4) a small number of mismarked, misrepresented, and counterfeit fasteners do enter commerce in the United States; and
(5) multiple criteria for the identification of fasteners exist, including grade identification markings and manufacturer’s insignia, to enable purchasers and users of fasteners to accurately evaluate the characteristics of individual fasteners.
(Pub. L. 101–592, § 2, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 2943; Pub. L. 104–113, § 11(a), Mar. 7, 1996, 110 Stat. 780; Pub. L. 106–34, § 2, June 8, 1999, 113 Stat. 118.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 1999—Pub. L. 106–34 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section consisted of subsecs. (a) and (b) stating findings of Congress and purpose of this chapter.
1996—Subsec. (a)(4) to (6). Pub. L. 104–113, § 11(a)(1), redesignated pars. (5) to (7) as (4) to (6), respectively, and struck out former par. (4) which read as follows: “the sale in commerce of nonconforming fasteners and the use of nonconforming fasteners in numerous critical applications have reduced the combat readiness of the Nation’s military forces, endangered the safety of other Federal projects and activities, and cost both the public and private sectors large sums in connection with the retesting and purging of fastener inventories;”.
Subsec. (a)(7). Pub. L. 104–113, § 11(a)(2), struck out “by lot number” after “traceability”.
Pub. L. 104–113, § 11(a)(1), redesignated par. (8) as (7). Former par. (7) redesignated (6).
Subsec. (a)(8), (9). Pub. L. 104–113, § 11(a)(1), redesignated par. (9) as (8). Former par. (8) redesignated (7).
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104–113, § 11(a)(3), substituted “in commerce” for “used in critical applications”.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Short Title of 1999 Amendment
text: Pub. L. 106–34, § 1, June 8, 1999, 113 Stat. 118, provided that: “This Act [enacting sections 5403, 5411a, and 5411b of this title, amending this section and sections 5402 and 5407 to 5411 of this title, repealing sections 5404 to 5406, 5412, and 5414 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 5402 and 5403 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Fastener Quality Act Amendments Act of 1999’.”
heading: Short Title
text: Pub. L. 101–592, § 1, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 2943, provided that: “This Act [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Fastener Quality Act’.”
15 U.S.C. § 5403 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 5403. Sale of fasteners
(a) General rule
It shall be unlawful for a manufacturer or distributor, in conjunction with the sale or offer for sale of fasteners from a single lot, to knowingly misrepresent or falsify—
(1) the record of conformance for the lot of fasteners;
(2) the identification, characteristics, properties, mechanical or performance marks, chemistry, or strength of the lot of fasteners; or
(3) the manufacturer’s insignia.
(b) Representations
A direct or indirect reference to a consensus standard to represent that a fastener conforms to particular requirements of the consensus standard shall not be construed as a representation that the fastener meets all the requirements of the consensus standard.
(c) Specifications
A direct or indirect contractual reference to a consensus standard for the purpose of identifying particular requirements of the consensus standard that serve as specifications shall not be construed to require that the fastener meet all the requirements of the consensus standard.
(d) Use of accredited laboratories
In the case of fasteners manufactured solely to a consensus standard or standards, end-of-line testing required by the consensus standard or standards, if any, for the purpose of verifying that a lot of fasteners conforms with the grade identification marking called for in the consensus standard or standards to which the lot of fasteners has been manufactured shall be conducted by an accredited laboratory.
(Pub. L. 101–592, § 4, as added Pub. L. 106–34, § 4(a), June 8, 1999, 113 Stat. 121.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 5403, Pub. L. 101–592, § 4, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 2945, set out special rule under which Secretary could waive requirements of this chapter on determination that category of fasteners was not used in critical applications, but that Secretary could also determine in given case that fastener was used in critical applications and was governed accordingly, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–113, § 11(c), Mar. 7, 1996, 110 Stat. 780.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Pub. L. 106–34, § 4(b), June 8, 1999, 113 Stat. 122, provided that: “Subsection (d) of section 4 of the Fastener Quality Act [15 U.S.C. § 5403(d)], as added by subsection (a) of this section, shall take effect 2 years after the date of the enactment of this Act [June 8, 1999].”
15 U.S.C. § 5407 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 5407. Manufacturers’ insignias
(a) General rule
Unless the specifications provide otherwise, fasteners that are required by the applicable consensus standard or standards to bear an insignia identifying their manufacturer shall not be offered for sale or sold in commerce unless—
(1) the fasteners bear such insignia; and
(2) the manufacturer has complied with the insignia recordation requirements established under subsection (b).
(b) Recordation
The Secretary shall establish, by regulation, a program to provide for the recordation of the insignias of manufacturers described in subsection (a).
(Pub. L. 101–592, § 5, formerly § 8, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 2950; renumbered § 5 and amended Pub. L. 106–34, § 5, June 8, 1999, 113 Stat. 122.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 5 of Pub. L. 101–592 was classified to section 5404 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 106–34.
heading: Amendments
text: 1999—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 106–34, § 5(1), reenacted subsec. heading without change and amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “No fastener which is required by the standards and specifications to which it was manufactured to bear a raised or depressed insignia identifying its manufacturer or private label distributor shall be offered for sale or sold in commerce unless the manufacturer or private label distributor of such fastener has complied with the requirements prescribed by the Secretary in connection with the program established under subsection (b) of this section.”
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 106–34, § 5(2), substituted “described in subsection (a)” for “and private label distributors described in subsection (a), to ensure the traceability of a fastener to its manufacturer or private label distributor”.
15 U.S.C. § 5409 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 5409. Recordkeeping requirements
Manufacturers and importers shall retain the record of conformance for fasteners for 5 years, on paper or in photographic or electronic format in a manner that allows for verification of authenticity. Upon request of a distributor who has purchased a fastener, or a person who has purchased a fastener for use in the production of a commercial product, the manufacturer or importer of the fastener shall make available information in the record of conformance to the requester.
(Pub. L. 101–592, § 7, formerly § 10, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 2951; Pub. L. 104–113, § 11(h), Mar. 7, 1996, 110 Stat. 782; renumbered § 7 and amended Pub. L. 106–34, § 7, June 8, 1999, 113 Stat. 123.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 7 of Pub. L. 101–592 was classified to section 5406 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 106–34.
heading: Amendments
text: 1999—Pub. L. 106–34 substituted present provisions for former provisions which consisted of subsecs. (a) and (b) relating to retention and availability of records concerning inspections, testing, and certifications of fasteners under section 5404 of this title by laboratories, manufacturers, importers, private label distributors and persons who make significant alterations.
1996—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104–113, § 11(h)(1), substituted “5 years” for “10 years”.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104–113, § 11(h), substituted “5 years” for “10 years” and “the subsequent purchaser” for “any subsequent purchaser”.
15 U.S.C. § 5410 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 5410. Relationship to State laws
Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to preempt any rights or causes of action that any buyer may have with respect to any seller of fasteners under the law of any State, except to the extent that the provisions of this chapter are in conflict with such State law.
(Pub. L. 101–592, § 8, formerly § 11, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 2952; renumbered § 8, Pub. L. 106–34, § 8, June 8, 1999, 113 Stat. 123.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 8 of Pub. L. 101–592 was renumbered section 5 and is classified to section 5407 of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 5411 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 5411. Construction
Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to limit or otherwise affect the authority of any consensus standards organization to establish, modify, or withdraw any standards and specifications under any other law or authority.
(Pub. L. 101–592, § 9, formerly § 12, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 2952; renumbered § 9 and amended Pub. L. 106–34, § 9, June 8, 1999, 113 Stat. 123.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 9 of Pub. L. 101–592 was renumbered section 6 and is classified to section 5408 of this title.
heading: Amendments
text: 1999—Pub. L. 106–34 struck out “in effect on November 16, 1990” after “law or authority”.
15 U.S.C. § 5411b (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 5411b. Applicability
The requirements of this chapter shall be applicable only to fasteners fabricated 180 days or more after June 8, 1999, except that if a manufacturer or distributor of fasteners fabricated before June 8, 1999, prepares a record of conformance for such fasteners, representations about such fasteners shall be subject to the requirements of this chapter.
(Pub. L. 101–592, § 11, as added Pub. L. 106–34, § 11, June 8, 1999, 113 Stat. 124.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 11 of Pub. L. 101–592 was renumbered section 8 and is classified to section 5410 of this title.
15 U.S.C. § 5512 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 5512. Grand Challenges in areas of national importance
(a) In general
The Program shall encourage the participating agencies to support foundational, large-scale, long-term, interdisciplinary, and interagency information technology research and development activities in networking and information technology directed toward agency mission areas that have the potential for significant contributions to national economic competitiveness and for other significant societal benefits. Such activities, ranging from basic research to the demonstration of technical solutions, shall be designed to advance the development of fundamental discoveries. The advisory committee established under section 5511(b) of this title shall make recommendations to the Program for candidate research and development areas for support under this section.
(b) Characteristics
(1) In general
Research and development activities under this section shall—
(A) include projects selected on the basis of applications for support through a competitive, merit-based process;
(B) to the extent practicable, involve collaborations among researchers in institutions of higher education and industry, and may involve nonprofit research institutions and Federal laboratories, as appropriate;
(C) to the extent practicable, leverage Federal investments through collaboration with related State and private sector initiatives; and
(D) include a plan for fostering the transfer of research discoveries and the results of technology demonstration activities, including from institutions of higher education and Federal laboratories, to industry for commercial development.
(2) Cost-sharing
In selecting applications for support, the agencies may give special consideration to projects that include cost sharing from non-Federal sources.
(Pub. L. 102–194, title I, § 102, as added Pub. L. 114–329, title I, § 105(i), Jan. 6, 2017, 130 Stat. 2982.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 5512, Pub. L. 102–194, title I, § 102, Dec. 9, 1991, 105 Stat. 1598, related to the National Research and Education Network, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 114–329, title I, § 105(g), Jan. 6, 2017, 130 Stat. 2982.
15 U.S.C. § 5521 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 5521. National Science Foundation activities
As part of the Program described in subchapter I—
(1) the National Science Foundation shall provide high-end computing and networking infrastructure support for all science and engineering disciplines, and support basic research and human resource development in all aspects of networking and information technology; and
(2) the National Science Foundation shall use its existing programs, in collaboration with other agencies, as appropriate, to improve the teaching and learning of networking and information technology at all levels of education and to increase participation in networking and information technology fields, including by individuals identified in sections 1885a and 1885b of title 42.
(Pub. L. 102–194, title II, § 201, Dec. 9, 1991, 105 Stat. 1599; Pub. L. 114–329, title I, § 105(j), Jan. 6, 2017, 130 Stat. 2983.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2017—Pub. L. 114–329, § 105(j)(1)(A), (2), struck out subsec. (a) designation and heading “General responsibilities” and struck out subsec. (b) which authorized appropriations for fiscal years 1992 to 1996.
Par. (1). Pub. L. 114–329, § 105(j)(1)(B), inserted “high-end” after “National Science Foundation shall provide” and substituted “networking and information technology; and” for “high-performance computing and advanced high-speed computer networking;”.
Par. (2). Pub. L. 114–329, § 105(j)(1)(C), (D), added par. (2) and struck out former par. (2) which read as follows: “to the extent that colleges, universities, and libraries cannot connect to the Network with the assistance of the private sector, the National Science Foundation shall have primary responsibility for assisting colleges, universities, and libraries to connect to the Network;”.
Pars. (3), (4). Pub. L. 114–329, § 105(j)(1)(C), struck out pars. (3) and (4) which read as follows:
“(3) the National Science Foundation shall serve as the primary source of information on access to and use of the Network; and
“(4) the National Science Foundation shall upgrade the National Science Foundation funded network, assist regional networks to upgrade their capabilities, and provide other Federal departments and agencies the opportunity to connect to the National Science Foundation funded network.”
15 U.S.C. § 5522 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 5522. National Aeronautics and Space Administration activities
As part of the Program described in subchapter I, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall conduct basic and applied research in networking and information technology, particularly in the field of computational science, with emphasis on aerospace sciences, earth and space sciences, and remote exploration and experimentation.
(Pub. L. 102–194, title II, § 202, Dec. 9, 1991, 105 Stat. 1600; Pub. L. 114–329, title I, § 105(k), Jan. 6, 2017, 130 Stat. 2983.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2017—Pub. L. 114–329 struck out subsec. (a) designation and heading “General responsibilities”, substituted “networking and information technology” for “high-performance computing”, and struck out subsec. (b) which authorized appropriations for fiscal years 1992 to 1996.
15 U.S.C. § 5523 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 5523. Department of Energy activities
As part of the Program described in subchapter I, the Secretary of Energy shall—
(1) conduct and support basic and applied research in networking and information technology to support fundamental research in science and engineering disciplines related to energy applications; and
(2) provide computing and networking infrastructure support, including—
(A) the provision of high-end computing systems that are among the most advanced in the world in terms of performance in solving scientific and engineering problems; and
(B) support for advanced software and applications development for science and engineering disciplines related to energy applications.
(Pub. L. 102–194, title II, § 203, Dec. 9, 1991, 105 Stat. 1600; Pub. L. 104–66, title I, § 1052(j), Dec. 21, 1995, 109 Stat. 719; Pub. L. 109–58, title IX, § 976(b), Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 903; Pub. L. 114–329, title I, § 105(l), Jan. 6, 2017, 130 Stat. 2984.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2017—Pub. L. 114–329, § 105(l)(1), (4), struck out subsec. (a) designation and heading “General responsibilities” and struck out subsec. (b) which authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of Energy such sums as necessary to carry out this section.
Par. (1). Pub. L. 114–329, § 105(l)(2), substituted “networking and information technology” for “high-performance computing and networking”.
Par. (2)(A). Pub. L. 114–329, § 105(l)(3), substituted “high-end” for “high-performance”.
2005—Pub. L. 109–58 reenacted section catchline without change and amended text generally, substituting provisions relating to general responsibilities and authorization of appropriations for provisions relating to general responsibilities, establishment of High-Performance Computing Research and Development Collaborative Consortia, transfer of technology to private sector and others, reports on activities, and authorization of appropriations.
1995—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 104–66 amended heading and text of subsec. (d) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “Within one year after December 9, 1991, and every year thereafter, the Secretary of Energy shall transmit to the Congress a report on activities taken to carry out this chapter.”