dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
20 U.S.C. § 1438 (EDUCATION)
§ 1438. Uses of funds
In addition to using funds provided under section 1433 of this title to maintain and implement the statewide system required by such section, a State may use such funds—
(1) for direct early intervention services for infants and toddlers with disabilities, and their families, under this subchapter that are not otherwise funded through other public or private sources;
(2) to expand and improve on services for infants and toddlers and their families under this subchapter that are otherwise available;
(3) to provide a free appropriate public education, in accordance with subchapter II, to children with disabilities from their third birthday to the beginning of the following school year;
(4) with the written consent of the parents, to continue to provide early intervention services under this subchapter to children with disabilities from their 3rd birthday until such children enter, or are eligible under State law to enter, kindergarten, in lieu of a free appropriate public education provided in accordance with subchapter II; and
(5) in any State that does not provide services for at-risk infants and toddlers under section 1437(a)(4) of this title, to strengthen the statewide system by initiating, expanding, or improving collaborative efforts related to at-risk infants and toddlers, including establishing linkages with appropriate public or private community-based organizations, services, and personnel for the purposes of—
(A) identifying and evaluating at-risk infants and toddlers;
(B) making referrals of the infants and toddlers identified and evaluated under subparagraph (A); and
(C) conducting periodic follow-up on each such referral to determine if the status of the infant or toddler involved has changed with respect to the eligibility of the infant or toddler for services under this subchapter.
(Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 638, as added Pub. L. 108–446, title I, § 101, Dec. 3, 2004, 118 Stat. 2755.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 1438, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 638, as added Pub. L. 105–17, title I, § 101, June 4, 1997, 111 Stat. 114, related to uses of funds, prior to the general amendment of subchapters I to IV of this chapter by Pub. L. 108–446.
20 U.S.C. § 1442 (EDUCATION)
§ 1442. Federal administration
Sections 1416, 1417, and 1418 of this title shall, to the extent not inconsistent with this subchapter, apply to the program authorized by this subchapter, except that—
(1) any reference in such sections to a State educational agency shall be considered to be a reference to a State’s lead agency established or designated under section 1435(a)(10) of this title;
(2) any reference in such sections to a local educational agency, educational service agency, or a State agency shall be considered to be a reference to an early intervention service provider under this subchapter; and
(3) any reference to the education of children with disabilities or the education of all children with disabilities shall be considered to be a reference to the provision of appropriate early intervention services to infants and toddlers with disabilities.
(Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 642, as added Pub. L. 108–446, title I, § 101, Dec. 3, 2004, 118 Stat. 2760.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 1442, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 642, as added Pub. L. 105–17, title I, § 101, June 4, 1997, 111 Stat. 118, related to Federal administration, prior to the general amendment of subchapters I to IV of this chapter by Pub. L. 108–446.
Another prior section 1442, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 642, Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 185; Pub. L. 98–199, §§ 3(b), 12, Dec. 2, 1983, 97 Stat. 1358, 1373; Pub. L. 101–476, title V, § 502, Oct. 30, 1990, 104 Stat. 1138; Pub. L. 102–119, § 25(a)(14), Oct. 7, 1991, 105 Stat. 606, related to research and demonstration projects in physical education and recreation for children with disabilities, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–17, title II, § 203(c), June 4, 1997, 111 Stat. 157, effective Oct. 1, 1997.
20 U.S.C. § 1444 (EDUCATION)
§ 1444. Authorization of appropriations
For the purpose of carrying out this subchapter, there are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary for each of the fiscal years 2005 through 2010.
(Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 644, as added Pub. L. 108–446, title I, § 101, Dec. 3, 2004, 118 Stat. 2763.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 1444, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 644, as added Pub. L. 105–17, title I, § 101, June 4, 1997, 111 Stat. 121; amended Pub. L. 106–402, title IV, § 401(b)(1), Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1737; Pub. L. 108–173, title IX, § 900(e)(6)(C), Dec. 8, 2003, 117 Stat. 2373, which related to the Federal Interagency Coordinating Council, was repealed, as such section was in effect on the day before Dec. 3, 2004, by Pub. L. 108–446, title III, § 304, Dec. 3, 2004, 118 Stat. 2804.
Another prior section 1444, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 643, formerly § 644, Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 186; Pub. L. 93–380, title VI, § 619, Aug. 21, 1974, 88 Stat. 585; Pub. L. 95–49, § 5, June 17, 1977, 91 Stat. 231; Pub. L. 98–199, § 12, Dec. 2, 1983, 97 Stat. 1374; Pub. L. 99–457, title III, § 314, Oct. 8, 1986, 100 Stat. 1171; renumbered § 643 and amended Pub. L. 101–476, title V, §§ 503, 504, title IX, § 901(b)(147), (148), Oct. 30, 1990, 104 Stat. 1138, 1149; Pub. L. 102–119, § 25(b), Oct. 7, 1991, 105 Stat. 607, authorized appropriations, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–17, title II, § 203(c), June 4, 1997, 111 Stat. 157, effective Oct. 1, 1997.
A prior section 1445, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 645, as added Pub. L. 105–17, title I, § 101, June 4, 1997, 111 Stat. 123, which authorized appropriations, was omitted in the general amendment of subchapters I to IV of this chapter by Pub. L. 108–446.
20 U.S.C. § 1455 (EDUCATION)
§ 1455. Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this part such sums as may be necessary for each of the fiscal years 2005 through 2010.
(Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 655, as added Pub. L. 108–446, title I, § 101, Dec. 3, 2004, 118 Stat. 2774.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 1455, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 655, as added Pub. L. 105–17, title I, § 101, June 4, 1997, 111 Stat. 129, set out minimum State grant amounts, prior to the general amendment of subchapters I to IV of this chapter by Pub. L. 108–446.
A prior section 1456, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 656, as added Pub. L. 105–17, title I, § 101, June 4, 1997, 111 Stat. 129, which authorized appropriations, was omitted in the general amendment of subchapters I to IV of this chapter by Pub. L. 108–446.
20 U.S.C. § 1472 (EDUCATION)
§ 1472. Community parent resource centers
(a) Program authorized
(1) In general
The Secretary may award grants to, and enter into contracts and cooperative agreements with, local parent organizations to support community parent resource centers that will help ensure that underserved parents of children with disabilities, including low income parents, parents of limited English proficient children, and parents with disabilities, have the training and information the parents need to enable the parents to participate effectively in helping their children with disabilities—
(A) to meet developmental and functional goals, and challenging academic achievement goals that have been established for all children; and
(B) to be prepared to lead productive independent adult lives, to the maximum extent possible.
(2) Definition of local parent organization
In this section, the term “local parent organization” means a parent organization, as defined in section 1471(a)(2) of this title, that—
(A) has a board of directors the majority of whom are parents of children with disabilities ages birth through 26 from the community to be served; and
(B) has as its mission serving parents of children with disabilities who—
(i) are ages birth through 26; and
(ii) have the full range of disabilities described in section 1401(3) of this title.
(b) Required activities
Each community parent resource center assisted under this section shall—
(1) provide training and information that meets the training and information needs of parents of children with disabilities proposed to be served by the grant, contract, or cooperative agreement;
(2) carry out the activities required of parent training and information centers under paragraphs (2) through (9) of section 1471(b) of this title;
(3) establish cooperative partnerships with the parent training and information centers funded under section 1471 of this title; and
(4) be designed to meet the specific needs of families who experience significant isolation from available sources of information and support.
(Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 672, as added Pub. L. 108–446, title I, § 101, Dec. 3, 2004, 118 Stat. 2791.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 1472, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 672, as added Pub. L. 105–17, title I, § 101, June 4, 1997, 111 Stat. 136, related to research and innovation to improve services and results for children with disabilities, prior to the general amendment of subchapters I to IV of this chapter by Pub. L. 108–446.
Another prior section 1472, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 672, as added Pub. L. 99–457, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 8, 1986, 100 Stat. 1146; amended Pub. L. 100–630, title I, § 108(b), Nov. 7, 1988, 102 Stat. 3301; Pub. L. 101–476, title VIII, § 801, title IX, § 901(b)(162), (163), Oct. 30, 1990, 104 Stat. 1141, 1149; Pub. L. 102–119, §§ 12, 25(b), Oct. 7, 1991, 105 Stat. 595, 607, related to definitions, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–17, title II, § 203(b), June 4, 1997, 111 Stat. 157, effective July 1, 1998.
20 U.S.C. § 1473 (EDUCATION)
§ 1473. Technical assistance for parent training and information centers
(a) Program authorized
(1) In general
The Secretary may, directly or through awards to eligible entities, provide technical assistance for developing, assisting, and coordinating parent training and information programs carried out by parent training and information centers receiving assistance under section 1471 of this title and community parent resource centers receiving assistance under section 1472 of this title.
(2) Definition of eligible entity
In this section, the term “eligible entity” has the meaning given the term in section 1461(b) of this title.
(b) Authorized activities
The Secretary may provide technical assistance to a parent training and information center or a community parent resource center under this section in areas such as—
(1) effective coordination of parent training efforts;
(2) dissemination of scientifically based research and information;
(3) promotion of the use of technology, including assistive technology devices and assistive technology services;
(4) reaching underserved populations, including parents of low-income and limited English proficient children with disabilities;
(5) including children with disabilities in general education programs;
(6) facilitation of transitions from—
(A) early intervention services to preschool;
(B) preschool to elementary school;
(C) elementary school to secondary school; and
(D) secondary school to postsecondary environments; and
(7) promotion of alternative methods of dispute resolution, including mediation.
(c) Collaboration with the resource centers
Each eligible entity receiving an award under subsection (a) shall develop collaborative agreements with the geographically appropriate regional resource center and, as appropriate, the regional educational laboratory supported under section 9564 of this title, to further parent and professional collaboration.
(Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 673, as added Pub. L. 108–446, title I, § 101, Dec. 3, 2004, 118 Stat. 2791.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 1473, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 673, as added Pub. L. 105–17, title I, § 101, June 4, 1997, 111 Stat. 139, related to personnel preparation to improve services and results for children with disabilities, prior to the general amendment of subchapters I to IV of this chapter by Pub. L. 108–446.
Another prior section 1473, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 673, as added Pub. L. 99–457, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 8, 1986, 100 Stat. 1147; amended Pub. L. 101–476, title IX, § 901(b)(164), Oct. 30, 1990, 104 Stat. 1150; Pub. L. 102–119, § 25(b), Oct. 7, 1991, 105 Stat. 607, related to general authority of Secretary to make grants to States for development of system to provide early intervention services for infants and toddlers with disabilities and their families, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–17, title II, § 203(b), June 4, 1997, 111 Stat. 157, effective July 1, 1998.
20 U.S.C. § 1475 (EDUCATION)
§ 1475. Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this part such sums as may be necessary for each of the fiscal years 2005 through 2010.
(Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 675, as added Pub. L. 108–446, title I, § 101, Dec. 3, 2004, 118 Stat. 2795.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: Prior sections 1475 to 1480 were repealed by Pub. L. 105–17, title II, § 203(b), June 4, 1997, 111 Stat. 157, effective July 1, 1998.
Section 1475, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 675, as added Pub. L. 99–457, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 8, 1986, 100 Stat. 1147; amended Pub. L. 100–630, title I, § 108(c), Nov. 7, 1988, 102 Stat. 3301; Pub. L. 101–476, title IX, § 901(b)(165), Oct. 30, 1990, 104 Stat. 1150; Pub. L. 102–52, § 10, June 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 263; Pub. L. 102–119, §§ 19(c), 25(b), Oct. 7, 1991, 105 Stat. 601, 607, related to continuing eligibility.
Section 1476, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 675, as added Pub. L. 99–457, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 8, 1986, 100 Stat. 1147; amended Pub. L. 100–630, title I, § 108(c), Nov. 7, 1988, 102 Stat. 3301; Pub. L. 101–476, title IX, § 901(b)(165), Oct. 30, 1990, 104 Stat. 1150; Pub. L. 102–52, § 10, June 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 263; Pub. L. 102–119, §§ 19(c), 25(b), Oct. 7, 1991, 105 Stat. 601, 607, related to the minimum components for a statewide system providing early intervention services to infants and toddlers with disabilities and their families.
Section 1477, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 677, as added Pub. L. 99–457, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 8, 1986, 100 Stat. 1149; amended Pub. L. 100–630, title I, § 108(f), Nov. 7, 1988, 102 Stat. 3301; Pub. L. 101–476, title IX, § 901(b)(174)–(176), Oct. 30, 1990, 104 Stat. 1150; Pub. L. 102–119, §§ 14, 25(b), Oct. 7, 1991, 105 Stat. 597, 607, related to the individualized family service plan.
Section 1478, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 678, as added Pub. L. 99–457, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 8, 1986, 100 Stat. 1150; amended Pub. L. 100–630, title I, § 108(g), Nov. 7, 1988, 102 Stat. 3302; Pub. L. 101–476, title IX, § 901(b)(177), Oct. 30, 1990, 104 Stat. 1150; Pub. L. 102–119, §§ 15, 25(b), Oct. 7, 1991, 105 Stat. 597, 607, related to contents of State application, statement of assurances, and approval process.
Section 1479, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 679, as added Pub. L. 99–457, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 8, 1986, 100 Stat. 1151; amended Pub. L. 100–630, title I, § 108(h), Nov. 7, 1988, 102 Stat. 3302; Pub. L. 101–476, title IX, § 901(b)(178), Oct. 30, 1990, 104 Stat. 1150; Pub. L. 102–119, §§ 16, 25(b), Oct. 7, 1991, 105 Stat. 598, 607, related to permissible uses of funds.
Section 1480, Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 680, as added Pub. L. 99–457, title I, § 101(a), Oct. 8, 1986, 100 Stat. 1152; amended Pub. L. 100–630, title I, § 108(i), Nov. 7, 1988, 102 Stat. 3302; Pub. L. 101–476, title IX, § 901(b)(179), (180), Oct. 30, 1990, 104 Stat. 1150; Pub. L. 102–119, §§ 17, 25(b), Oct. 7, 1991, 105 Stat. 598, 607, related to procedural safeguards.
20 U.S.C. § 1501...1506 (EDUCATION)
§§ 1501 to 1506. Repealed. Pub. L. 111–340, title IV, § 401(a), Dec. 22, 2010, 124 Stat. 3604
text: Section 1501, Pub. L. 91–345, § 2, July 20, 1970, 84 Stat. 440, related to Congressional statement of policy.
text: Section 1502, Pub. L. 91–345, § 3, July 20, 1970, 84 Stat. 440; Pub. L. 102–95, § 2, Aug. 14, 1991, 105 Stat. 479, related to establishment of National Commission on Libraries and Information Science.
text: Section 1503, Pub. L. 91–345, § 4, July 20, 1970, 84 Stat. 441; Pub. L. 102–95, § 3, Aug. 14, 1991, 105 Stat. 479; Pub. L. 108–81, title IV, § 401, Sept. 25, 2003, 117 Stat. 1002, related to contributions.
text: Section 1504, Pub. L. 91–345, § 5, July 20, 1970, 84 Stat. 441; Pub. L. 93–29, title VIII, § 802(a), May 3, 1973, 87 Stat. 59; Pub. L. 102–95, § 4, Aug. 14, 1991, 105 Stat. 479; Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(e) [title VII, § 703(a)], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–233, 3009–306; Pub. L. 108–81, title V, § 505(a), Sept. 25, 2003, 117 Stat. 1004, related to functions and powers.
text: Section 1505, Pub. L. 91–345, § 6, July 20, 1970, 84 Stat. 442; Pub. L. 93–29, title VIII, § 802(b), May 3, 1973, 87 Stat. 59; Pub. L. 102–95, § 5, Aug. 14, 1991, 105 Stat. 479; Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(e) [title VII, § 703(b)], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–233, 3009–307; Pub. L. 108–81, title IV, § 402, Sept. 25, 2003, 117 Stat. 1002, related to membership.
text: Section 1506, Pub. L. 91–345, § 7, July 20, 1970, 84 Stat. 442; Pub. L. 102–95, § 6, Aug. 14, 1991, 105 Stat. 479, related to authorization of appropriations.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Short Title of 1991 Amendment
text: Pub. L. 102–95, § 1, Aug. 14, 1991, 105 Stat. 479, provided that: “This Act [amending sections 1502 to 1506 of this title] may be cited as the ‘National Commission on Libraries and Information Science Act Amendments of 1991’.”
heading: Short Title
text: Pub. L. 91–345, § 1, July 20, 1970, 84 Stat. 440, which provided that Pub. L. 91–345, enacting this chapter, could be cited as the “National Commission on Libraries and Information Science Act”, was repealed by Pub. L. 111–340, title IV, § 401(a), Dec. 22, 2010, 124 Stat. 3604.
heading: Transfer of Functions
text: For provisions relating to the transfer of functions, personnel, and property of the National Commission on Libraries and Information Science, and treatment of references thereto, see section 401(b), (c), (d) of Pub. L. 111–340 set out as notes under section 9102 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 1531...1536 (EDUCATION)
§§ 1531 to 1536. Omitted
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Section 1531, Pub. L. 91–516, § 2, Oct. 30, 1970, 84 Stat. 1312; Pub. L. 93–278, § 4, May 10, 1974, 88 Stat. 121, set forth Congressional declaration of findings and purpose of Environmental Education Act.
Section 1532, Pub. L. 91–516, § 3, Oct. 30, 1970, 84 Stat. 1312; Pub. L. 93–278, §§ 2, 5, 6, May 10, 1974, 88 Stat. 121; Pub. L. 94–273, § 3(15), Apr. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 376, established an office of environmental education, authorized grants and contracts, and established an Advisory Council on Environmental Education.
Section 1533, Pub. L. 91–516, § 4, Oct. 30, 1970, 84 Stat. 1315, related to technical assistance to eligible agencies and organizations.
Section 1534, Pub. L. 91–516, § 5, Oct. 30, 1970, 84 Stat. 1315, authorized grants to nonprofit organizations.
Section 1535, Pub. L. 91–516, § 6, Oct. 30, 1970, 84 Stat. 1315, related to administration of the Act.
Section 1536, Pub. L. 91–516, § 7, Oct. 30, 1970, 84 Stat. 1315; Pub. L. 93–278, § 3, May 10, 1974, 88 Stat. 121, authorized appropriations to carry out the purposes of the Act.
20 U.S.C. § 1651 (EDUCATION)
§ 1651. Prohibition against assignment or transportation of students to overcome racial imbalance
No provision of this Act shall be construed to require the assignment or transportation of students or teachers in order to overcome racial imbalance.
(Pub. L. 92–318, title VIII, § 801, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 371.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 92–318, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 235, as amended, known as the Education Amendments of 1972. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1001 of this title and Tables.
20 U.S.C. § 1653 (EDUCATION)
§ 1653. Omitted
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Section, Pub. L. 92–318, title VIII, § 803, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 372, provided that the effectiveness of orders of district courts requiring transfer or transportation of students for purposes of achieving a balance among students with respect to race, sex, religion, or socioeconomic status, be postponed until all appeals in connection with such orders have been exhausted or until expiration of the time for such appeals, expired at midnight on Jan. 1, 1974.
20 U.S.C. § 1656 (EDUCATION)
§ 1656. Prohibition against official or court orders to achieve racial balance or insure compliance with constitutional standards applicable to entire United States
The proviso of section 407(a) of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 [42 U.S.C. 2000c–6(a)] providing in substance that no court or official of the United States shall be empowered to issue any order seeking to achieve a racial balance in any school by requiring the transportation of pupils or students from one school to another or one school district to another in order to achieve such racial balance, or otherwise enlarge the existing power of the court to insure compliance with constitutional standards shall apply to all public school pupils and to every public school system, public school and public school board, as defined by title IV [42 U.S.C. 2000c et seq.], under all circumstances and conditions and at all times in every State, district, territory, Commonwealth, or possession of the United States regardless of whether the residence of such public school pupils or the principal offices of such public school system, public school or public school board is situated in the northern, eastern, western, or southern part of the United States.
(Pub. L. 92–318, title VIII, § 806, June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 373.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: The Civil Rights Act of 1964, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 88–352, July 2, 1964, 78 Stat. 241, as amended. Title IV of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is classified generally to subchapter IV (§ 2000c et seq.) of chapter 21 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2000a of Title 42 and Tables.