dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
19 U.S.C. § 3623 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3623. Study of milk marketing order system
The Secretary of Agriculture shall conduct a study to determine the effects of the Uruguay Round Agreements on the Federal milk marketing order system. Not later than 6 months after the date of entry into force of the WTO Agreement with respect to the United States, the Secretary of Agriculture shall report to the Congress on the results of the study.
(Pub. L. 103–465, title IV, § 425, Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4965.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective on the date of entry into force of the WTO Agreement with respect to the United States (Jan. 1, 1995), except as otherwise provided, see section 451 of Pub. L. 103–465, set out as a note under section 3601 of this title.
heading: Executive Documents
heading: Uruguay Round Agreements: Entry Into Force
text: The Uruguay Round Agreements, including the World Trade Organization Agreement and agreements annexed to that Agreement, as referred to in section 3511(d) of this title, entered into force with respect to the United States on Jan. 1, 1995. See note set out under section 3511 of this title.
19 U.S.C. § 3624 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3624. Additional program funding
(a) Use of additional funds
Consistent, as determined by the President, with the obligations undertaken by the United States set forth in the Uruguay Round Agreements, the Commodity Credit Corporation shall use, in addition to any other funds appropriated or made available for such purposes, any funds made available under subsection (b) for authorized export promotion, foreign market development, export credit financing, and promoting the development, commercialization, and marketing of products resulting from alternative uses of agricultural commodities.
(b) Amount of additional funds
Amounts shall be credited to the Commodity Credit Corporation in fiscal year 1995 equal to the lesser of the dollar amount of—
(1) the fiscal year 1995 Pay-As-You-Go savings; and
(2) the 5-year Pay-As-You-Go savings;
under section 902 of title 2, resulting from the enactment of the Federal Crop Insurance Reform Act of 1994.
(c) Effective date
This section shall take effect on December 8, 1994.
(Pub. L. 103–465, title IV, § 426, Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4966.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: The Federal Crop Insurance Reform Act of 1994, referred to in subsec. (b), is title I of Pub. L. 103–354, Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3179. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1994 Amendment note set out under section 1501 of Title 7, Agriculture, and Tables.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective on the date of entry into force of the WTO Agreement with respect to the United States (Jan. 1, 1995), except as otherwise provided, see section 451 of Pub. L. 103–465, set out as a note under section 3601 of this title.
19 U.S.C. § 3702 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3702. Statement of policy
Congress supports—
(1) encouraging increased trade and investment between the United States and sub-Saharan Africa;
(2) reducing tariff and nontariff barriers and other obstacles to sub-Saharan African and United States trade;
(3) expanding United States assistance to sub-Saharan Africa’s regional integration efforts;
(4) negotiating reciprocal and mutually beneficial trade agreements, including the possibility of establishing free trade areas that serve the interests of both the United States and the countries of sub-Saharan Africa;
(5) focusing on countries committed to the rule of law, economic reform, and the eradication of poverty;
(6) strengthening and expanding the private sector in sub-Saharan Africa, especially enterprises owned by women and small businesses;
(7) facilitating the development of civil societies and political freedom in sub-Saharan Africa;
(8) establishing a United States-Sub-Saharan Africa Trade and Economic Cooperation Forum;
(9) the accession of the countries in sub-Saharan Africa to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions; and
(10) promoting the role of women in social, political, and economic development in sub-Saharan Africa.
(Pub. L. 106–200, title I, § 103, May 18, 2000, 114 Stat. 253; Pub. L. 114–27, title I, § 106(a), June 29, 2015, 129 Stat. 368.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2015—Par. (10). Pub. L. 114–27 added par. (10).
19 U.S.C. § 3703 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3703. Eligibility requirements
The President is authorized to designate a sub-Saharan African country as an eligible sub-Saharan African country if the President determines that the country—
(1) has established, or is making continual progress toward establishing—
(A) a market-based economy that protects private property rights for men and women, incorporates an open rules-based trading system, and minimizes government interference in the economy through measures such as price controls, subsidies, and government ownership of economic assets;
(B) the rule of law, political pluralism, and the right to due process, a fair trial, and equal protection under the law;
(C) the elimination of barriers to United States trade and investment, including by—
(i) the provision of national treatment and measures to create an environment conducive to domestic and foreign investment;
(ii) the protection of intellectual property; and
(iii) the resolution of bilateral trade and investment disputes;
(D) economic policies to reduce poverty, increase the availability of health care and educational opportunities, expand physical infrastructure, promote the development of private enterprise, and encourage the formation of capital markets through micro-credit or other programs;
(E) a system to combat corruption and bribery, such as signing and implementing the Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions; and
(F) protection of internationally recognized worker rights, including the right of association, the right to organize and bargain collectively, a prohibition on the use of any form of forced or compulsory labor, a minimum age for the employment of children, and acceptable conditions of work with respect to minimum wages, hours of work, and occupational safety and health;
(2) does not engage in activities that undermine United States national security or foreign policy interests; and
(3) does not engage in gross violations of internationally recognized human rights or provide support for acts of international terrorism and cooperates in international efforts to eliminate human rights violations and terrorist activities.
(Pub. L. 106–200, title I, § 104, May 18, 2000, 114 Stat. 254; Pub. L. 114–27, title I, §§ 106(b), 111, June 29, 2015, 129 Stat. 368, 370.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2015—Pub. L. 114–27, § 111, struck out subsec. (a) designation and heading before “The President is authorized” and struck out subsec. (b). Prior to amendment, text of subsec. (b) read as follows: “If the President determines that an eligible sub-Saharan African country is not making continual progress in meeting the requirements described in subsection (a)(1) of this section, the President shall terminate the designation of the country made pursuant to subsection (a) of this section.”
Subsec. (a)(1)(A). Pub. L. 114–27, § 106(b), inserted “for men and women” after “rights”.
19 U.S.C. § 3706 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3706. Sub-Saharan Africa defined
For purposes of this chapter, the terms “sub-Saharan Africa”, “sub-Saharan African country”, “country in sub-Saharan Africa”, and “countries in sub-Saharan Africa” refer to the following or any successor political entities:
Republic of Angola (Angola).
Republic of Benin (Benin).
Republic of Botswana (Botswana).
Burkina Faso (Burkina).
Republic of Burundi (Burundi).
Republic of Cameroon (Cameroon).
Republic of Cape Verde (Cape Verde).
Central African Republic.
Republic of Chad (Chad).
Federal Islamic Republic of the Comoros (Comoros).
Democratic Republic of Congo.
Republic of the Congo (Congo).
Republic of Côte d’Ivoire (Côte d’Ivoire).
Republic of Djibouti (Djibouti).
Republic of Equatorial Guinea (Equatorial Guinea).
State of Eritrea (Eritrea).
Ethiopia.
Gabonese Republic (Gabon).
Republic of the Gambia (Gambia).
Republic of Ghana (Ghana).
Republic of Guinea (Guinea).
Republic of Guinea-Bissau (Guinea-Bissau).
Republic of Kenya (Kenya).
Kingdom of Lesotho (Lesotho).
Republic of Liberia (Liberia).
Republic of Madagascar (Madagascar).
Republic of Malawi (Malawi).
Republic of Mali (Mali).
Islamic Republic of Mauritania (Mauritania).
Republic of Mauritius (Mauritius).
Republic of Mozambique (Mozambique).
Republic of Namibia (Namibia).
Republic of Niger (Niger).
Federal Republic of Nigeria (Nigeria).
Republic of Rwanda (Rwanda).
Democratic Republic of Sao Tomé and Principe (Sao Tomé and Principe).
Republic of Senegal (Senegal).
Republic of Seychelles (Seychelles).
Republic of Sierra Leone (Sierra Leone).
Somalia.
Republic of South Africa (South Africa).
Republic of South Sudan (South Sudan).
Republic of Sudan (Sudan).
Kingdom of Swaziland (Swaziland).
United Republic of Tanzania (Tanzania).
Republic of Togo (Togo).
Republic of Uganda (Uganda).
Republic of Zambia (Zambia).
Republic of Zimbabwe (Zimbabwe).
(Pub. L. 106–200, title I, § 107, May 18, 2000, 114 Stat. 256; Pub. L. 112–163, § 1(b), Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1274.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2012—Pub. L. 112–163 inserted item relating to the Republic of South Sudan.
19 U.S.C. § 3707 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3707. Activities in support of transparency
(a) AGOA Website
(1) In general
The President shall establish a publicly available website for the collection and dissemination of information regarding the African Growth and Opportunity Act (19 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.).
(2) Contents
The President shall publish on the AGOA Website the information described in paragraph (1), including—
(A) information and technical assistance provided at United States Agency for International Development regional trade hubs; and
(B) a link to the websites of United States embassies located in eligible sub-Saharan African countries.
(3) Actions by United States embassies
The Secretary of State should direct United States embassies located in eligible sub-Saharan African countries to—
(A) encourage individuals and businesses in such countries to use the benefits available under the African Growth and Opportunity Act; and
(B) include a link to the AGOA Website on the websites of such diplomatic missions.
(b) AGOA Forum
After each meeting of the United States–Sub-Saharan Africa Trade and Economic Cooperation Forum, the President should publish on the AGOA Website the following:
(1) The outcomes of the meeting of the Forum, including any commitments made by member countries and the private sector.
(2) An assessment of progress made with respect to any commitments made by member countries and the private sector from the previous meeting of the Forum.
(c) Other information
The President should disseminate the information required under this section in a digital format to the public and publish such information on the AGOA Website.
(Pub. L. 115–167, title I, § 103, Apr. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1277.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: The African Growth and Opportunity Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), (3)(A), is title I of Pub. L. 106–200, May 18, 2000, 114 Stat. 252, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3701 of this title and Tables.
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the African Growth and Opportunity Act and Millennium Challenge Act Modernization Act, also known as the AGOA and MCA Modernization Act, and not as part of the African Growth and Opportunity Act which enacted this chapter.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Definitions
text: Pub. L. 115–167, title I, § 102, Apr. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1277, provided that:
“In this title [enacting this section and provisions set out as a note under section 3701 of this title]—
“(1) Agoa website.—
The term ‘AGOA Website’ means the website established pursuant to section 103(a) [19 U.S.C. 3707(a)].
“(2) Eligible sub-saharan african country.—
The term ‘eligible sub-Saharan African country’ means a country that the President has determined meets the eligibility requirements set forth in section 104 of the African Growth and Opportunity Act (19 U.S.C. 3703).”
19 U.S.C. § 3732 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3732. Executive branch initiatives
(a) Statement of the Congress
The Congress recognizes that the stated policy of the executive branch in 1997, the “Partnership for Growth and Opportunity in Africa” initiative, is a step toward the establishment of a comprehensive trade and development policy for sub-Saharan Africa. It is the sense of the Congress that this Partnership is a companion to the policy goals set forth in this chapter.
(b) Technical assistance to promote economic reforms and development
In addition to continuing bilateral and multilateral economic and development assistance, the President shall target technical assistance toward—
(1) developing relationships between United States firms and firms in sub-Saharan Africa through a variety of business associations and networks;
(2) providing assistance to the governments of sub-Saharan African countries to—
(A) liberalize trade and promote exports;
(B) bring their legal regimes into compliance with the standards of the World Trade Organization in conjunction with membership in that Organization;
(C) make financial and fiscal reforms; and
(D) promote greater agribusiness linkages;
(3) addressing such critical agricultural policy issues as market liberalization, agricultural export development, and agribusiness investment in processing and transporting agricultural commodities;
(4) increasing the number of reverse trade missions to growth-oriented countries in sub-Saharan Africa;
(5) increasing trade in services; and
(6) encouraging greater sub-Saharan African participation in future negotiations in the World Trade Organization on services and making further commitments in their schedules to the General Agreement on Trade in Services in order to encourage the removal of tariff and nontariff barriers.
(Pub. L. 106–200, title I, § 122, May 18, 2000, 114 Stat. 268.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “this title”, meaning title I of Pub. L. 106–200, May 18, 2000, 114 Stat. 252, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title I to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3701 of this title and Tables.
19 U.S.C. § 3733 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3733. Overseas Private Investment Corporation initiatives
(a) Initiation of funds
It is the sense of the Congress that the Overseas Private Investment Corporation 1 should exercise the authorities it has to initiate an equity fund or equity funds in support of projects in the countries in sub-Saharan Africa, in addition to the existing equity fund for sub-Saharan Africa created by the Corporation.
(b) Structure and types of funds
(1) Structure
Each fund initiated under subsection (a) should be structured as a partnership managed by professional private sector fund managers and monitored on a continuing basis by the Corporation.
(2) Capitalization
Each fund should be capitalized with a combination of private equity capital, which is not guaranteed by the Corporation, and debt for which the Corporation provides guaranties.
(3) Infrastructure fund
One or more of the funds, with combined assets of up to $500,000,000, should be used in support of infrastructure projects in countries of sub-Saharan Africa.
(4) Emphasis
The Corporation shall ensure that the funds are used to provide support in particular to women entrepreneurs and to innovative investments that expand opportunities for women and maximize employment opportunities for poor individuals.
(c) Overseas Private Investment Corporation
(1) Omitted
(2) Reports to Congress
Within 6 months after May 18, 2000, and annually for each of the 4 years thereafter, the Board of Directors of the Overseas Private Investment Corporation 1 shall submit to Congress a report on the steps that the Board has taken to implement section 2193(e) 2 of title 22 and any recommendations of the investment advisory council established pursuant to such section.
(Pub. L. 106–200, title I, § 123, May 18, 2000, 114 Stat. 269.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: Section 2193(e) of title 22, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), was repealed by Pub. L. 115–254, div. F, title VI, § 1464(2), Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3513.
heading: Codification
text: Section is comprised of section 123 of Pub. L. 106–200. Subsec. (c)(1) of section 123 of Pub. L. 106–200 amended section 2193 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Transfer of Functions
text: For transfer of functions, personnel, assets, and liabilities of the Overseas Private Investment Corporation to the United States International Development Finance Corporation and treatment of related references, see sections 9683 and 9686(d) of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.
19 U.S.C. § 3806 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3806. Treatment of certain trade agreements for which negotiations have already begun
(a) Certain agreements
Notwithstanding the prenegotiation notification and consultation requirement described in section 3804(a) of this title, if an agreement to which section 3803(b) of this title applies—
(1) is entered into under the auspices of the World Trade Organization,
(2) is entered into with Chile,
(3) is entered into with Singapore, or
(4) establishes a Free Trade Area for the Americas,
and results from negotiations that were commenced before August 6, 2002, subsection (b) shall apply.
(b) Treatment of agreements
In the case of any agreement to which subsection (a) applies—
(1) the applicability of the trade authorities procedures to implementing bills shall be determined without regard to the requirements of section 3804(a) of this title (relating only to 90 days notice prior to initiating negotiations), and any procedural disapproval resolution under section 3805(b)(1)(B) of this title shall not be in order on the basis of a failure or refusal to comply with the provisions of section 3804(a) of this title; and
(2) the President shall, as soon as feasible after August 6, 2002—
(A) notify the Congress of the negotiations described in subsection (a), the specific United States objectives in the negotiations, and whether the President is seeking a new agreement or changes to an existing agreement; and
(B) before and after submission of the notice, consult regarding the negotiations with the committees referred to in section 3804(a)(2) of this title and the Congressional Oversight Group convened under section 3807 of this title.
(Pub. L. 107–210, div. B, title XXI, § 2106, Aug. 6, 2002, 116 Stat. 1016.)
heading: Executive Documents
heading: Delegation of Functions
text: For delegation of functions of President under this section, see section 1 of Ex. Ord. No. 13277, Nov. 19, 2002, 67 F.R. 70305, set out as a note under section 3801 of this title.
19 U.S.C. § 3808 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3808. Additional implementation and enforcement requirements
(a) In general
At the time the President submits to the Congress the final text of an agreement pursuant to section 3805(a)(1)(C) of this title, the President shall also submit a plan for implementing and enforcing the agreement. The implementation and enforcement plan shall include the following:
(1) Border personnel requirements
A description of additional personnel required at border entry points, including a list of additional customs and agricultural inspectors.
(2) Agency staffing requirements
A description of additional personnel required by Federal agencies responsible for monitoring and implementing the trade agreement, including personnel required by the Office of the United States Trade Representative, the Department of Commerce, the Department of Agriculture (including additional personnel required to implement sanitary and phytosanitary measures in order to obtain market access for United States exports), the Department of the Treasury, and such other agencies as may be necessary.
(3) Customs infrastructure requirements
A description of the additional equipment and facilities needed by the United States Customs Service.
(4) Impact on State and local governments
A description of the impact the trade agreement will have on State and local governments as a result of increases in trade.
(5) Cost analysis
An analysis of the costs associated with each of the items listed in paragraphs (1) through (4).
(b) Budget submission
The President shall include a request for the resources necessary to support the plan described in subsection (a) in the first budget that the President submits to the Congress after the submission of the plan.
(Pub. L. 107–210, div. B, title XXI, § 2108, Aug. 6, 2002, 116 Stat. 1018.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Transfer of Functions
text: For transfer of functions, personnel, assets, and liabilities of the United States Customs Service of the Department of the Treasury, including functions of the Secretary of the Treasury relating thereto, to the Secretary of Homeland Security, and for treatment of related references, see sections 203(1), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and the Department of Homeland Security Reorganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set out as a note under section 542 of Title 6. For establishment of U.S. Customs and Border Protection in the Department of Homeland Security, treated as if included in Pub. L. 107–296 as of Nov. 25, 2002, see section 211 of Title 6, as amended generally by Pub. L. 114–125, and section 802(b) of Pub. L. 114–125, set out as a note under section 211 of Title 6.
heading: Executive Documents
heading: Delegation of Functions
text: For delegation of functions of President under this section, see section 1 of Ex. Ord. No. 13277, Nov. 19, 2002, 67 F.R. 70305, set out as a note under section 3801 of this title.
19 U.S.C. § 3810 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3810. Application of certain provisions
For purposes of applying sections 2135, 2136, and 2137 of this title—
(1) any trade agreement entered into under section 3803 of this title shall be treated as an agreement entered into under section 2111 or 2112 of this title, as appropriate; and
(2) any proclamation or Executive order issued pursuant to a trade agreement entered into under section 3803 of this title shall be treated as a proclamation or Executive order issued pursuant to a trade agreement entered into under section 2112 of this title.
(Pub. L. 107–210, div. B, title XXI, § 2110(b), Aug. 6, 2002, 116 Stat. 1020.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: Section 2137 of this title, referred to in text, was in the original a reference to section 127 of the Trade Act of 1974, Pub. L. 93–618, which enacted section 2137 of this title and amended section 1862 of this title.