dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
42 U.S.C. § 284r (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 284r. Basic research
(1) Developing policies
Not later than 2 years after December 13, 2016, the Director of the National Institutes of Health (referred to in this section as the “Director of the National Institutes of Health”), taking into consideration the recommendations developed under section 2039,1 shall develop policies for projects of basic research funded by National Institutes of Health to assess—
(A) relevant biological variables including sex, as appropriate; and
(B) how differences between male and female cells, tissues, or animals may be examined and analyzed.
(2) Revising policies
The Director of the National Institutes of Health may update or revise the policies developed under paragraph (1) as appropriate.
(3) Consultation and outreach
In developing, updating, or revising the policies under this section, the Director of the National Institutes of Health shall—
(A) consult with—
(i) the Office of Research on Women’s Health;
(ii) the Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare; and
(iii) appropriate members of the scientific and academic communities; and
(B) conduct outreach to solicit feedback from members of the scientific and academic communities on the influence of sex as a variable in basic research, including feedback on when it is appropriate for projects of basic research involving cells, tissues, or animals to include both male and female cells, tissues, or animals.
(4) Additional requirements
The Director of the National Institutes of Health shall—
(A) ensure that projects of basic research funded by the National Institutes of Health are conducted in accordance with the policies developed, updated, or revised under this section, as applicable; and
(B) encourage that the results of such research, when published or reported, be disaggregated as appropriate with respect to the analysis of any sex differences.
(Pub. L. 114–255, div. A, title II, § 2038(g), Dec. 13, 2016, 130 Stat. 1066.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: Section 2039, referred to in par. (1), is section 2039 of Pub. L. 114–255, which is set out as a note under section 282 of this title.
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the 21st Century Cures Act, and not as part of the Public Health Service Act which comprises this chapter.
42 U.S.C. § 285a–5 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 285a–5. Associate Director for Prevention; appointment; function
(a) There shall be in the Institute an Associate Director for Prevention to coordinate and promote the programs in the Institute concerning the prevention of cancer. The Associate Director shall be appointed by the Director of the Institute from individuals who because of their professional training or experience are experts in public health or preventive medicine.
(b) The Associate Director for Prevention shall prepare for inclusion in the biennial report made under section 284b 1 of this title a description of the prevention activities of the Institute, including a description of the staff and resources allocated to those activities.
(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IV, § 416, as added Pub. L. 99–158, § 2, Nov. 20, 1985, 99 Stat. 836.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: Section 284b of this title, referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 109–482, title I, § 104(b)(1)(C), Jan. 15, 2007, 120 Stat. 3693.
42 U.S.C. § 285a–8 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 285a–8. Repealed. Pub. L. 109–482, title I, § 103(b)(15), Jan. 15, 2007, 120 Stat. 3687
text: Section, act July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IV, § 417B, as added Pub. L. 103–43, title IV, § 403(a), June 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 157; amended Pub. L. 105–340, title I, § 103, Oct. 31, 1998, 112 Stat. 3192; Pub. L. 106–505, title VI, § 602(b), Nov. 13, 2000, 114 Stat. 2346, related to authorization of appropriations.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of Repeal
text: Repeal applicable only with respect to amounts appropriated for fiscal year 2007 or subsequent fiscal years, see section 109 of Pub. L. 109–482, set out as an Effective Date of 2007 Amendment note under section 281 of this title.
42 U.S.C. § 285a–11b (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 285a–11b. Best practices for long-term follow-up services for pediatric cancer survivors
The Secretary of Health and Human Services may facilitate the identification of best practices for childhood and adolescent cancer survivorship care, and, as appropriate, may consult with individuals who have expertise in late effects of disease and treatment of childhood and adolescent cancers, which may include—
(1) oncologists, which may include pediatric oncologists;
(2) primary care providers engaged in survivorship care;
(3) survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer;
(4) parents of children and adolescents who have been diagnosed with and treated for cancer and parents of long-term survivors;
(5) nurses and social workers;
(6) mental health professionals;
(7) allied health professionals, including physical therapists and occupational therapists; and
(8) others, as the Secretary determines appropriate.
(Pub. L. 115–180, title II, § 203, June 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 1389.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the Childhood Cancer Survivorship, Treatment, Access, and Research Act of 2018, also known as the Childhood Cancer STAR Act, and not as part of the Public Health Service Act which comprises this chapter.
42 U.S.C. § 285b–1 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 285b–1. Heart, blood vessel, lung, and blood disease prevention and control programs
(a) The Director of the Institute shall conduct and support programs for the prevention and control of heart, blood vessel, lung, and blood diseases. Such programs shall include community-based and population-based programs carried out in cooperation with other Federal agencies, with public health agencies of State or local governments, with nonprofit private entities that are community-based health agencies, or with other appropriate public or nonprofit private entities.
(b) In carrying out programs under subsection (a), the Director of the Institute shall give special consideration to the prevention and control of heart, blood vessel, lung, and blood diseases in children, and in populations that are at increased risk with respect to such diseases.
(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IV, § 419, as added Pub. L. 99–158, § 2, Nov. 20, 1985, 99 Stat. 836; amended Pub. L. 103–43, title V, § 505, June 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 160.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 1993—Pub. L. 103–43 substituted subsecs. (a) and (b) for former section which read as follows: “The Director of the Institute, under policies established by the Director of NIH and after consultation with the advisory council for the Institute, shall establish programs as necessary for cooperation with other Federal health agencies, State, local, and regional public health agencies, and nonprofit private health agencies in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment (including the provision of emergency medical services) of heart, blood vessel, lung, and blood diseases, appropriately emphasizing the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of such diseases of children.”
42 U.S.C. § 285b–2 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 285b–2. Information and education
The Director of the Institute shall collect, identify, analyze, and disseminate on a timely basis, through publications and other appropriate means, to patients, families of patients, physicians and other health professionals, and the general public, information on research, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of heart, blood vessel, lung, and blood diseases, the maintenance of health to reduce the incidence of such diseases, and on the use of blood and blood products and the management of blood resources. In carrying out this section, the Director of the Institute shall place special emphasis upon the utilization of collaborative efforts with both the public and private sectors to—
(1) increase the awareness and knowledge of health care professionals and the public regarding the prevention of heart and blood vessel, lung, and blood diseases and the utilization of blood resources; and
(2) develop and disseminate to health professionals, patients and patient families, and the public information designed to encourage adults and children to adopt healthful practices concerning the prevention of such diseases.
(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IV, § 420, as added Pub. L. 99–158, § 2, Nov. 20, 1985, 99 Stat. 837; amended Pub. L. 100–607, title I, § 126, Nov. 4, 1988, 102 Stat. 3055.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 1988—Pub. L. 100–607 amended second sentence generally. Prior to amendment, second sentence read as follows: “In carrying out this section the Director of the Institute shall place special emphasis upon—
“(1) the dissemination of information regarding diet and nutrition, environmental pollutants, exercise, stress, hypertension, cigarette smoking, weight control, and other factors affecting the prevention of arteriosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases and of pulmonary and blood diseases; and
“(2) the dissemination of information designed to encourage children to adopt healthful habits respecting the risk factors related to the prevention of such diseases.”
42 U.S.C. § 285b–6 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 285b–6. Associate Director for Prevention; appointment; function
(a) There shall be in the Institute an Associate Director for Prevention to coordinate and promote the programs in the Institute concerning the prevention of heart, blood vessel, lung, and blood diseases. The Associate Director shall be appointed by the Director of the Institute from individuals who because of their professional training or experience are experts in public health or preventive medicine.
(b) The Associate Director for Prevention shall prepare for inclusion in the biennial report made under section 284b 1 of this title a description of the prevention activities of the Institute, including a description of the staff and resources allocated to those activities.
(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IV, § 423, formerly § 424, as added Pub. L. 99–158, § 2, Nov. 20, 1985, 99 Stat. 841; renumbered § 423, Pub. L. 100–607, title I, § 129, Nov. 4, 1988, 102 Stat. 3055.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: Section 284b of this title, referred to in subsec. (b), was repealed by Pub. L. 109–482, title I, § 104(b)(1)(C), Jan. 15, 2007, 120 Stat. 3693.
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 423 of act July 1, 1944, was classified to section 285b–5 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 100–607.
42 U.S.C. § 285b–7b (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 285b–7b. Coordination of Federal asthma activities
(a) In general
The Director of 1 Institute shall, through the National Asthma Education Prevention Program Coordinating Committee—
(1) identify all Federal programs that carry out asthma-related activities; and
(2) develop, in consultation with appropriate Federal agencies and professional and voluntary health organizations, a Federal plan for responding to asthma.
(b) Representation of the Department of Housing and Urban Development
A representative of the Department of Housing and Urban Development shall be included on the National Asthma Education Prevention Program Coordinating Committee for the purpose of performing the tasks described in subsection (a).
(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IV, § 424B, as added Pub. L. 106–310, div. A, title V, § 521, Oct. 17, 2000, 114 Stat. 1116; amended Pub. L. 109–482, title I, §§ 103(b)(19), 104(b)(1)(G), Jan. 15, 2007, 120 Stat. 3688, 3693.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2007—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–482, § 104(b)(1)(G), inserted “and” at end of par. (1), substituted a period for “; and” at end of par. (2), and struck out par. (3) which read as follows: “not later than 12 months after October 17, 2000, submit recommendations to the appropriate committees of the Congress on ways to strengthen and improve the coordination of asthma-related activities of the Federal Government.”
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 109–482, § 103(b)(19), struck out heading and text of subsec. (c). Text read as follows: “For the purpose of carrying out this section, there are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary for each of the fiscal years 2001 through 2005.”
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 2007 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 109–482 applicable only with respect to amounts appropriated for fiscal year 2007 or subsequent fiscal years, see section 109 of Pub. L. 109–482, set out as a note under section 281 of this title.
42 U.S.C. § 285b–8 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 285b–8. Congenital heart disease
(a) In general
The Director of the Institute may expand, intensify, and coordinate research and related activities of the Institute with respect to congenital heart disease, which may include congenital heart disease research with respect to—
(1) causation of congenital heart disease, including genetic causes;
(2) long-term outcomes in individuals with congenital heart disease, including infants, children, teenagers, adults, and elderly individuals;
(3) diagnosis, treatment, and prevention;
(4) studies using longitudinal data and retrospective analysis to identify effective treatments and outcomes for individuals with congenital heart disease; and
(5) identifying barriers to life-long care for individuals with congenital heart disease.
(b) Coordination of research activities
The Director of the Institute may coordinate research efforts related to congenital heart disease among multiple research institutions and may develop research networks.
(c) Minority and medically underserved communities
In carrying out the activities described in this section, the Director of the Institute shall consider the application of such research and other activities to minority and medically underserved communities.
(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IV, § 425, as added Pub. L. 111–148, title X, § 10411(b)(2), Mar. 23, 2010, 124 Stat. 989.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 285b–8, act July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IV, § 425, as added Pub. L. 103–43, title V, § 504, June 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 160, authorized appropriations to carry out this subpart, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 109–482, title I, §§ 103(b)(20), 109, Jan. 15, 2007, 120 Stat. 3688, 3697, applicable only with respect to amounts appropriated for fiscal year 2007 or subsequent fiscal years.
42 U.S.C. § 285c (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 285c. Purpose of Institute
The general purpose of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (hereafter in this subpart referred to as the “Institute”) is the conduct and support of research, training, health information dissemination, and other programs with respect to diabetes mellitus and endocrine and metabolic diseases, digestive diseases and nutritional disorders, and kidney, urologic, and hematologic diseases.
(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IV, § 426, as added Pub. L. 99–158, § 2, Nov. 20, 1985, 99 Stat. 841.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Study on Metabolic Disorders
text: Pub. L. 106–310, div. A, title XXVIII, § 2802, Oct. 17, 2000, 114 Stat. 1167, provided that:
“(a) In General.—
The Secretary of Health and Human Services (in this section referred to as the ‘Secretary’) shall, in consultation with relevant experts or through the Institute of Medicine, study issues related to treatment of PKU and other metabolic disorders for children, adolescents, and adults, and mechanisms to assure access to effective treatment, including special diets, for children and others with PKU and other metabolic disorders. Such mechanisms shall be evidence-based and reflect the best scientific knowledge regarding effective treatment and prevention of disease progression.
“(b) Dissemination of Results.—
Upon completion of the study referred to in subsection (a), the Secretary shall disseminate and otherwise make available the results of the study to interested groups and organizations, including insurance commissioners, employers, private insurers, health care professionals, State and local public health agencies, and State agencies that carry out the Medicaid program under title XIX of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.] or the State children’s health insurance program under title XXI of such Act [42 U.S.C. 1397aa et seq.].
“(c) Authorization of Appropriations.—
There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section such sums as may be necessary for each of the fiscal years 2001 through 2003.”
heading: Review of Disease Research Programs of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
text: Pub. L. 99–158, § 10, Nov. 20, 1985, 99 Stat. 883, required the Secretary of Health and Human Services to review the efficiency of the disease research programs of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, to be completed within one year of Nov. 20, 1985.
42 U.S.C. § 285c–2 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 285c–2. Division Directors for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolic Diseases, Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, and Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases; functions
(a)
(1) In the Institute there shall be a Division Director for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolic Diseases, a Division Director for Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, and a Division Director for Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases. Such Division Directors, under the supervision of the Director of the Institute, shall be responsible for—
(A) developing a coordinated plan (including recommendations for expenditures) for each of the national research institutes within the National Institutes of Health with respect to research and training concerning diabetes, endocrine and metabolic diseases, digestive diseases and nutrition, and kidney, urologic, and hematologic diseases;
(B) assessing the adequacy of management approaches for the activities within such institutes concerning such diseases and nutrition and developing improved approaches if needed;
(C) monitoring and reviewing expenditures by such institutes concerning such diseases and nutrition; and
(D) identifying research opportunities concerning such diseases and nutrition and recommending ways to utilize such opportunities.
(2) The Director of the Institute shall transmit to the Director of NIH the plans, recommendations, and reviews of the Division Directors under subparagraphs (A) through (D) of paragraph (1) together with such comments and recommendations as the Director of the Institute determines appropriate.
(b) The Director of the Institute, acting through the Division Director for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolic Diseases, the Division Director for Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, and the Division Director for Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, shall—
(1) carry out programs of support for research and training (other than training for which Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Awards may be made under section 288 of this title) in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diabetes mellitus and endocrine and metabolic diseases, digestive diseases and nutritional disorders, and kidney, urologic, and hematologic diseases, including support for training in medical schools, graduate clinical training, graduate training in epidemiology, epidemiology studies, clinical trials, and interdisciplinary research programs; and
(2) establish programs of evaluation, planning, and dissemination of knowledge related to such research and training.
(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IV, § 428, as added Pub. L. 99–158, § 2, Nov. 20, 1985, 99 Stat. 842; amended Pub. L. 103–43, title XX, § 2008(b)(4), June 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 211; Pub. L. 107–206, title I, § 804(c), Aug. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 874.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2002—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 107–206 substituted “Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Awards” for “National Research Service Awards”.
1993—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 103–43 substituted “the” for “the the” before “Division Director for Diabetes” in introductory provisions.
42 U.S.C. § 285c–7 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 285c–7. Biennial report
The Director of the Institute shall prepare for inclusion in the biennial report made under section 284b 1 of this title a description of the Institute’s activities—
(1) under the current diabetes plan under the National Diabetes Mellitus Research and Education Act; and
(2) under the current digestive diseases plan formulated under the Arthritis, Diabetes, and Digestive Diseases Amendments of 1976.
The description submitted by the Director shall include an evaluation of the activities of the centers supported under section 285c–5 of this title.
(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IV, § 433, as added Pub. L. 99–158, § 2, Nov. 20, 1985, 99 Stat. 848.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: Section 284b of this title, referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 109–482, title I, § 104(b)(1)(C), Jan. 15, 2007, 120 Stat. 3693.
The National Diabetes Mellitus Research and Education Act, referred to in par. (1), is Pub. L. 93–354, July 23, 1974, 88 Stat. 373, as amended, which enacted former sections 289c–1a, 289c–2, and 289c–3 of this title, amended section 247b and former section 289c–1 of this title, and enacted provisions formerly set out as notes under section 289c–2 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1974 Amendments note set out under section 201 of this title and Tables.
The Arthritis, Diabetes, and Digestive Diseases Amendments of 1976, referred to in par. (2), is Pub. L. 94–562, Oct. 19, 1976, 90 Stat. 2645, as amended, which enacted former sections 289c–3a, 289c–7, and 289c–8 of this title, amended former sections 289c–2, 289c–5, and 289c–6 of this title, and enacted provisions formerly set out as notes under sections 289a, 289c–3a, and 289c–7 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1976 Amendments note set out under section 201 of this title and Tables.
42 U.S.C. § 285c–9 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 285c–9. Juvenile diabetes
(a) Long-term epidemiology studies
The Director of the Institute shall conduct or support long-term epidemiology studies in which individuals with or at risk for type 1, or juvenile, diabetes are followed for 10 years or more. Such studies shall investigate the causes and characteristics of the disease and its complications.
(b) Clinical trial infrastructure/innovative treatments for juvenile diabetes
The Secretary, acting through the Director of the National Institutes of Health, shall support regional clinical research centers for the prevention, detection, treatment, and cure of juvenile diabetes.
(c) Prevention of type 1 diabetes
The Secretary, acting through the appropriate agencies, shall provide for a national effort to prevent type 1 diabetes. Such effort shall provide for a combination of increased efforts in research and development of prevention strategies, including consideration of vaccine development, coupled with appropriate ability to test the effectiveness of such strategies in large clinical trials of children and young adults.
(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IV, § 434A, as added Pub. L. 106–310, div. A, title IV, § 402, Oct. 17, 2000, 114 Stat. 1112; amended Pub. L. 109–482, title I, § 103(b)(21), Jan. 15, 2007, 120 Stat. 3688.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2007—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 109–482 struck out heading and text of subsec. (d). Text read as follows: “For the purpose of carrying out this section, there are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary for each of the fiscal years 2001 through 2005.”
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 2007 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 109–482 applicable only with respect to amounts appropriated for fiscal year 2007 or subsequent fiscal years, see section 109 of Pub. L. 109–482, set out as a note under section 281 of this title.