dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
42 U.S.C. § 10305 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 10305. Development of water-related technology
(a) Grants; matching funds
(1) The Secretary shall make grants in addition to those authorized under sections 10303 and 10304 of this title for technology development concerning any aspect of water resources including water-related technology which the Secretary may deem to be of State, regional, or national importance. Activities funded under this section may be carried out by educational institutions, private firms, foundations, individuals, or agencies of State or local government. Care shall be taken to protect proprietary information of private individuals or firms associated with the technology.
(2) The Secretary may establish any condition for the matching of funds by the recipient of any grant or contract under this section which the Secretary considers to be in the best interest of the Nation considering the information transfer and technology needs of the Nation. However, in the case of institutes established by section 10303 of this title no match greater than that required under section 10303 of this title may be required.
(b) Applications for grants
Each application for a grant under this section shall state the nature of the project to be undertaken, the qualifications of the personnel who will direct and conduct it, facilities of the organization performing any technology development, the importance of the project to the Nation, region, and State concerned, and the potential benefit to be accrued.
(c) Authorization of appropriations
There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary the sum of $6,000,000 for the purpose of carrying out this section for each of the fiscal years ending September 30, 1990, through September 30, 1995; such sums to remain available until expended.
(Pub. L. 98–242, title I, § 106, Mar. 22, 1984, 98 Stat. 100; Pub. L. 101–397, § 1(n), Sept. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 853.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 1990—Pub. L. 101–397, in amending section generally, in subsec. (a)(1) struck out provision directing that grant be made on basis of merit and feasibility of project, in subsec. (a)(2) inserted provisions relating to match in the case of institutes established by section 10303 of this title, and in subsec. (c) substituted provisions authorizing $6,000,000 appropriation for fiscal years 1990 through 1995, for provisions authorizing the same sum for fiscal years 1985 through 1989, and struck out provisions authorizing obligation of funds under this section and par. (1) and (2) designations.
42 U.S.C. § 10306 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 10306. Administrative costs
From the sums appropriated pursuant to this chapter, not more than 7.5 per centum shall be utilized for administrative costs.
(Pub. L. 98–242, title I, § 107, Mar. 22, 1984, 98 Stat. 101; Pub. L. 109–471, § 2(f), Jan. 11, 2007, 120 Stat. 3553.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2007—Pub. L. 109–471 substituted “7.5” for “15”.
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 98–242, Mar. 22, 1984, 98 Stat. 97, known as the Water Resources Research Act of 1984, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 10301 of this title and Tables.
42 U.S.C. § 10307 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 10307. Types of research and development
The type of research and development to be undertaken under the authority of sections 10304 and 10305 of this title and to be encouraged by the institutes established under section 10303 of this title shall include the following:
(1) Aspects of the hydrologic cycle;
(2) Supply and demand for water;
(3) Demineralization of saline and other impaired waters;
(4) Conservation and best use of available supplies of water and methods of increasing such supplies;
(5) Water reuse;
(6) Depletion, contamination, and degradation of groundwater supplies;
(7) Improvements in the productivity of water when used for agricultural, municipal, and commercial purposes;
(8) The economic, legal, engineering, social, recreational, biological, geographic, ecological, and other aspects of water quality and quantity problems;
(9) Scientific information dissemination activities, including identifying, assembling, and interpreting the results of scientific and engineering research on water resources problems; and
(10) Providing means for improved communication of research results, having due regard for the varying conditions and needs for the respective States and regions.
(Pub. L. 98–242, title I, § 108, Mar. 22, 1984, 98 Stat. 101; Pub. L. 101–397, § 1(k), (l), Sept. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 853.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 1990—Par. (6). Pub. L. 101–397, § 1(k), which directed that “, contamination,” be inserted after “depletion”, was executed by making the insertion after “Depletion” to reflect the probable intent of Congress.
Par. (8). Pub. L. 101–397, § 1(l), inserted “quality and quantity” after “water”.
42 U.S.C. § 10308 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 10308. Patent policy
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary shall be governed by the provisions of sections 5908 (except subsections (l) and (n)) and 5909 of this title with respect to patent policy and to the definition of title to and licensing of inventions made or conceived in the course of work performed, or under any contract or grant made, pursuant to this chapter. Subject to such patent policy, all research or development contracted for, sponsored, cosponsored, or authorized under authority of this chapter shall be provided in such manner that all information, data, and know-how, regardless of their nature or mediums, resulting from such research and development shall (with such exceptions and limitations, if any, as the Secretary may find to be necessary in the interest of national defense) be usefully available for practice by the general public.
(Pub. L. 98–242, title I, § 109, Mar. 22, 1984, 98 Stat. 101.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 98–242, Mar. 22, 1984, 98 Stat. 97, known as the Water Resources Research Act of 1984, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 10301 of this title and Tables.
42 U.S.C. § 10309 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 10309. New spending authority; amounts provided in advance
Any new spending authority described in subsection (c)(2)(A) or (B) of section 651 1 of title 2 which is provided under this chapter shall be effective for any fiscal year only to such extent or in such amounts as are provided in advance in appropriations Acts.
(Pub. L. 98–242, title I, § 111, Mar. 22, 1984, 98 Stat. 101.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: Section 651 of title 2, referred to in text, was amended by Pub. L. 105–33, title X, § 10116(a)(3), (5), Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 691, by striking out subsec. (c) and redesignating former subsec. (d) as (c).
This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 98–242, Mar. 22, 1984, 98 Stat. 97, known as the Water Resources Research Act of 1984, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 10301 of this title and Tables.
42 U.S.C. § 10310 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 10310. Produced water research and development
(a) Establishment
As soon as possible after December 27, 2020, the Secretary of Energy (in this section referred to as the “Secretary”) shall establish a research and development program on produced water to develop—
(1) new technologies and practices to reduce the environmental impact; and
(2) opportunities for reprocessing of produced water at natural gas or oil development sites.
(b) Prioritization
In carrying out the program established under subsection (a), the Secretary shall give priority to projects that develop and bring to market—
(1) effective systems for on-site management or repurposing of produced water; and
(2) new technologies or approaches to reduce the environmental impact of produced water on local water sources and the environment.
(c) Conduct of program
In carrying out the program established under subsection (a), the Secretary shall carry out science-based research and development activities to pursue—
(1) improved efficiency, technologies, and techniques for produced water recycling stations; and
(2) alternative approaches to treating, reusing, storing, or decontaminating produced water.
(d) Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2025.
(Pub. L. 116–260, div. Z, title IV, § 4008, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2546.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the Energy Act of 2020, and not as part of the Water Resources Research Act of 1984 which comprises this chapter.
42 U.S.C. § 10341 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 10341. Findings
The Congress finds that—
(1) there is an increasing threat of impairment to the quantity and quality of the Nation’s water resources due to, among other things, growing national needs, recurring drought in the Western States, point and nonpoint source pollution, and saltwater intrusion into existing groundwater supplies;
(2) many communities in the United States have water supplies containing high salinity levels or contaminants which pose health risks;
(3) the Nation needs to develop economical processes to treat existing water supplies that are contaminated;
(4) it is necessary to provide for research into new techniques to reclaim waste water and to convert saline and other contaminated waters to a quality suitable for municipal, industrial, agricultural, recreational, and other beneficial uses;
(5) there is very little Federal funding being applied to basic research in the field of treatment of contaminated water through membrane processes; and
(6) the treatment of contaminated water through membrane processes will solve a wide variety of water treatment problems, including compliance with the Federal Water Pollution Control Act [33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.] and the Safe Drinking Water Act [42 U.S.C. 300f et seq.].
(Pub. L. 102–490, § 2, Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3142.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: The Federal Water Pollution Control Act, referred to in par. (6), is act June 30, 1948, ch. 758, as amended generally by Pub. L. 92–500, § 2, Oct. 18, 1972, 86 Stat. 816, which is classified generally to chapter 26 (§ 1251 et seq.) of Title 33, Navigation and Navigable Waters. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1251 of Title 33 and Tables.
The Safe Drinking Water Act, referred to in par. (6), is title XIV of act July 1, 1944, as added Dec. 16, 1974, Pub. L. 93–523, § 2(a), 88 Stat. 1660, as amended, which is classified generally to subchapter XII (§ 300f et seq.) of chapter 6A of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 201 of this title and Tables.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Short Title
text: Pub. L. 102–490, § 1, Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3142, provided that: “This Act [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Membrane Processes Research Act of 1992’.”
42 U.S.C. § 10409 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 10409. Grants for Indian tribes
(a) Grants authorized
The Secretary, in consultation with tribal governments pursuant to Executive Order No. 13175 (25 U.S.C. 450 note) 1 and in accordance with section 20126 of title 34, shall continue to award grants for Indian tribes from amounts appropriated under section 10403(a)(2)(B) of this title to carry out this section.
(b) Eligible entities
To be eligible to receive a grant under this section, an entity shall be an Indian tribe, or a tribal organization or nonprofit private organization authorized by an Indian tribe. An Indian tribe shall have the option to authorize a tribal organization or a nonprofit private organization to submit an application and administer the grant funds awarded under this section.
(c) Conditions
Each recipient of such a grant shall comply with requirements that are consistent with the requirements applicable to grantees under section 10406 of this title.
(d) Grantee application
To be eligible to receive a grant under this section, an entity shall submit an application to the Secretary under section 10407 of this title at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary determines to be essential to carry out the objectives and provisions of this chapter. The Secretary shall approve any application that meets requirements consistent with the requirements of section 10406(c) of this title and section 10407(a) of this title.
(e) Use of funds
An amount provided under a grant to an eligible entity shall be used for the services described in section 10408(b) of this title.
(Pub. L. 98–457, title III, § 309, as added Pub. L. 111–320, title II, § 201, Dec. 20, 2010, 124 Stat. 3496.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: Executive Order No. 13175, referred to in subsec. (a), was set out as a note under section 450 of Title 25, Indians, prior to editorial reclassification as a note under section 5301 of Title 25.
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 10409, Pub. L. 98–457, title III, § 310, Oct. 9, 1984, 98 Stat. 1763; Pub. L. 100–294, title III, § 301, Apr. 25, 1988, 102 Stat. 124; Pub. L. 102–295, title III, § 316, May 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 206; Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40241, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1934; Pub. L. 104–235, title II, § 203, Oct. 3, 1996, 110 Stat. 3089; Pub. L. 106–386, div. B, title II, § 1202(a), Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1505; Pub. L. 108–36, title IV, § 406(a), (b), June 25, 2003, 117 Stat. 827, related to authorization of appropriations, prior to the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 111–320. See section 10403 of this title.
A prior section 309 of Pub. L. 98–457 was renumbered section 320 and transferred to section 10421 of this title prior to the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 111–320.
42 U.S.C. § 10416 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 10416. Omitted
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Section, Pub. L. 98–457, title III, § 316, as added Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40211, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1925; amended Pub. L. 106–386, div. B, title II, § 1204, Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1507; Pub. L. 108–36, title IV, § 411, June 25, 2003, 117 Stat. 827; Pub. L. 109–162, title II, § 206, Jan. 5, 2006, 119 Stat. 3002, which provided for national domestic violence hotline and Internet grants, was omitted in the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 111–320, title II, § 201, Dec. 20, 2010, 124 Stat. 3484. See section 10413 of this title.
(THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§§ 10418, 10419. Omitted
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Sections 10418 and 10419 were omitted in the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 111–320, title II, § 201, Dec. 20, 2010, 124 Stat. 3484.
Section 10418, Pub. L. 98–457, title III, § 318, as added Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40261, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1935; amended Pub. L. 105–392, title IV, § 407(a), Nov. 13, 1998, 112 Stat. 3589; Pub. L. 106–386, div. B, title IV, § 1403, Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1514; Pub. L. 108–36, title IV, § 413, June 25, 2003, 117 Stat. 830, related to demonstration grants for community initiatives.
Section 10419, Pub. L. 98–457, title III, § 319, as added Pub. L. 106–386, div. B, title II, § 1203, Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1506; amended Pub. L. 108–36, title IV, § 414, June 25, 2003, 117 Stat. 830, related to transitional housing assistance.
42 U.S.C. § 10421 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 10421. Omitted
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Section, Pub. L. 98–457, title III, § 320, formerly § 309, Oct. 9, 1984, 98 Stat. 1762; Pub. L. 102–295, title III, § 311(b), May 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 203; Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40272(a), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1937; renumbered § 320 and amended Pub. L. 108–36, title IV, §§ 405, 415(5), June 25, 2003, 117 Stat. 826, 830, which defined terms as used in this chapter, was omitted in the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 111–320, title II, § 201, Dec. 20, 2010, 124 Stat. 3484. See section 10402 of this title.
42 U.S.C. § 10604 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 10604. Transferred
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Section 10604 was editorially reclassified as section 20110 of Title 34, Crime Control and Law Enforcement.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Reports on Amounts Received and Distributed From Fines for Violations of Trade Secrets Provisions
text: Pub. L. 104–294, title I, § 101(c), Oct. 11, 1996, 110 Stat. 3491, required the Attorney General to report to Congress no later than 2 years and 4 years after Oct. 11, 1996, on fines for offenses under chapter 90 of title 18 deposited in the Crime Victims Fund.
42 U.S.C. § 10708 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 10708. Administrative provisions
(a) The Institute shall prescribe procedures to ensure that financial assistance under this chapter shall not be suspended unless the grantee, contractor, person, or entity receiving financial assistance under this chapter has been given reasonable notice and opportunity to show cause why such actions should not be taken.
(b) Except as provided by Federal law other than this chapter, no officer or employee of the Institute, and no recipient of assistance under this chapter, may use or reveal any research or statistical information furnished under this chapter by any person and identifiable to any specific private person for any purpose other than the purpose for which the information was obtained in accordance with this chapter. Such information and copies thereof shall be immune from legal process, and shall not, without the consent of the person furnishing such information, be admitted as evidence or used for any purpose in any action, suit, or other judicial, legislative, or administrative proceedings.
(Pub. L. 98–620, title II, § 209, Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3344; Pub. L. 100–702, title VI, § 606, Nov. 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 4653.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this title”, meaning title II of Pub. L. 98–620, Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3336, known as the State Justice Institute Act of 1984, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title II to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 10701 of this title and Tables.
heading: Amendments
text: 1988—Pub. L. 100–702 substituted “Administrative provisions” for “Special procedures” in section catchline, and amended text generally, changing structure of section from a single unlettered paragraph to one consisting of subsecs. (a) and (b).
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective Oct. 1, 1985, see section 216 of Pub. L. 98–620, set out as a note under section 10701 of this title.
42 U.S.C. § 10709 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 10709. Presidential coordination
The President may, to the extent not inconsistent with any other applicable law, direct that appropriate support functions of the Federal Government may be made available to the Institute in carrying out its functions under this chapter.
(Pub. L. 98–620, title II, § 210, Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3344.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this title”, meaning title II of Pub. L. 98–620, Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3336, known as the State Justice Institute Act of 1984, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title II to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 10701 of this title and Tables.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective Oct. 1, 1985, see section 216 of Pub. L. 98–620, set out as a note under section 10701 of this title.
42 U.S.C. § 10710 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 10710. Records and reports
(a) Reports
The Institute is authorized to require such reports as it deems necessary from any recipient with respect to activities carried out pursuant to this chapter.
(b) Records
The Institute is authorized to prescribe the keeping of records with respect to funds provided by any grant, cooperative agreement, or contract under this chapter and shall have access to such records at all reasonable times for the purpose of ensuring compliance with such grant, cooperative agreement, or contract or the terms and conditions upon which financial assistance was provided.
(c) Submission of copies of reports to recipients; maintenance in principal office of Institute; availability for public inspection; furnishing of copies to interested parties
Copies of all reports pertinent to the evaluation, inspection, or monitoring of any recipient shall be submitted on a timely basis to such recipient, and shall be maintained in the principal office of the Institute for a period of at least five years after such evaluation, inspection, or monitoring. Such reports shall be available for public inspection during regular business hours, and copies shall be furnished, upon request, to interested parties upon payment of such reasonable fees as the Institute may establish.
(d) Funds accounted for and reported as receipts and disbursements separate and distinct from Federal funds
Non-Federal funds received by the Institute, and funds received for projects funded in part by the Institute or by any recipient from a source other than the Institute, shall be accounted for and reported as receipts and disbursements separate and distinct from Federal funds.
(Pub. L. 98–620, title II, § 211, Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3344.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b), was in the original “this title”, meaning title II of Pub. L. 98–620, Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3336, known as the State Justice Institute Act of 1984, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title II to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 10701 of this title and Tables.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective Oct. 1, 1985, see section 216 of Pub. L. 98–620, set out as a note under section 10701 of this title.
42 U.S.C. § 10712 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 10712. Report by Attorney General
Not later than October 1, 2002, the Attorney General, in consultation with the Federal Judicial Center, shall transmit to the Committees on the Judiciary of the Senate and the House of Representatives a report on the effectiveness of the Institute in carrying out the duties specified in section 10702(b) of this title. Such report shall include an assessment of the cost effectiveness of the program as a whole and, to the extent practicable, of individual grants, an assessment of whether the restrictions and limitations specified in sections 10706 and 10707 of this title have been respected, and such recommendations as the Attorney General, in consultation with the Federal Judicial Center, deems appropriate.
(Pub. L. 98–620, title II, § 213, Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3346; Pub. L. 107–179, § 1, May 20, 2002, 116 Stat. 580.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2002—Pub. L. 107–179 substituted “Not later than October 1, 2002” for “On October 1, 1987”.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective Oct. 1, 1985, see section 216 of Pub. L. 98–620, set out as a note under section 10701 of this title.