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10 U.S.C. § 3862 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 3862. Requests for equitable adjustment or other relief: certification
(a) Certification Requirement.—
A request for equitable adjustment to contract terms or request for relief under Public Law 85–804 (50 U.S.C. 1431 et seq.) that exceeds the simplified acquisition threshold may not be paid unless a person authorized to certify the request on behalf of the contractor certifies, at the time the request is submitted, that—
(1) the request is made in good faith, and
(2) the supporting data are accurate and complete to the best of that person’s knowledge and belief.
(b) Restriction on Legislative Payment of Claims.—
In the case of a contract of an agency named in section 2303(a) 1 of this title, no provision of a law enacted after September 30, 1994, that directs the payment of a particular claim under such contract, a particular request for equitable adjustment to any term of such contract, or a particular request for relief under Public Law 85–804 (50 U.S.C. 1431 et seq.) regarding such contract may be implemented unless such provision of law—
(1) specifically refers to this subsection; and
(2) specifically states that this subsection does not apply with respect to the payment directed by that provision of law.
(c) Definition.—
In this section, the term “simplified acquisition threshold” has the meaning given that term in section 134 of title 41.
(Added Pub. L. 103–355, title II, § 2301(a), Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3320, § 2410; amended Pub. L. 111–350, § 5(b)(27), Jan. 4, 2011, 124 Stat. 3845; renumbered § 3862 and amended Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, §§ 1836(b), 1883(b)(2), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4241, 4294.)
heading: References in Text
text: Public Law 85–804, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b), is Pub. L. 85–804, Aug. 28, 1958, 72 Stat. 972, which is classified generally to chapter 29 (§ 1431 et seq.) of Title 50, War and National Defense. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
Section 2303(a) of this title, referred to in subsec. (b), was transferred to sections 3063 and 3064(a) of this title by Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1807(c)(2), (3), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4157. Section 3063 of this title sets out a list of covered agencies.
heading: Amendments
text: 2021—Pub. L. 116–283, § 1836(b), renumbered section 2410 of this title as this section.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 116–283, § 1883(b)(2), which directed that each reference in the text of title 10 to a section that was redesignated by title XVIII of Pub. L. 116–283, as such section was in effect before the redesignation, be amended by striking such reference and inserting a reference to the appropriate redesignated section, was not executed with respect to “section 2303(a)”, which was redesignated as multiple sections.
heading: Effective Date of 2021 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 116–283 effective Jan. 1, 2022, with additional provisions for delayed implementation and applicability of existing law, see section 1801(d) of Pub. L. 116–283, set out as a note preceding section 3001 of this title.
10 U.S.C. § 3863 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 3863. Retention of amounts collected from contractor during the pendency of contract dispute
(a) Retention of Funds.—
Notwithstanding sections 1552(a) and 3302(b) of title 31, any amount, including interest, collected from a contractor as a result of a claim made by a military department or Defense Agency under chapter 71 of title 41, shall remain available in accordance with this section to pay—
(1) any settlement of the claim by the parties;
(2) any judgment rendered in the contractor’s favor on an appeal of the decision on that claim to the Armed Services Board of Contract Appeals under section 7104(a) of title 41; or
(3) any judgment rendered in the contractor’s favor in an action on that claim in a court of the United States.
(b) Period of Availability.—
(1) The period of availability of an amount under subsection (a), in connection with a claim—
(A) expires 180 days after the expiration of the period for bringing an action on that claim in the United States Court of Federal Claims under section 7104(b) of title 41 if, within that 180-day period—
(i) no appeal on the claim is commenced at the Armed Services Board of Contract Appeals under section 7104(a) of such title; and
(ii) no action on the claim is commenced in a court of the United States; or
(B) if not expiring under subparagraph (A), expires—
(i) in the case of a settlement of the claim, 180 days after the date of the settlement; or
(ii) in the case of a judgment rendered on the claim in an appeal to the Armed Services Board of Contract Appeals under section 7104(a) of title 41 or an action in a court of the United States, 180 days after the date on which the judgment becomes final and not appealable.
(2) While available under this section, an amount may be obligated or expended only for a purpose described in subsection (a).
(3) Upon the expiration of the period of availability of an amount under paragraph (1), the amount shall be covered into the Treasury as miscellaneous receipts.
(Added Pub. L. 105–85, div. A, title VIII, § 831(a), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1841, § 2410m; amended Pub. L. 108–136, div. A, title X, § 1031(a)(21), Nov. 24, 2003, 117 Stat. 1598; Pub. L. 111–350, § 5(b)(32), Jan. 4, 2011, 124 Stat. 3845; Pub. L. 112–81, div. A, title X, § 1061(15), Dec. 31, 2011, 125 Stat. 1583; Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title X, § 1071(a)(8), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3504; renumbered § 3863, Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1836(b), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4241.)
heading: Amendments
text: 2021—Pub. L. 116–283 renumbered section 2410m of this title as this section.
heading: Effective Date of 2021 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 116–283 effective Jan. 1, 2022, with additional provisions for delayed implementation and applicability of existing law, see section 1801(d) of Pub. L. 116–283, set out as a note preceding section 3001 of this title.
10 U.S.C. § 3901 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 3901. Contracts: prohibition on competition between Department of Defense and small businesses
(a) Exclusion.—
In any case in which the Secretary of Defense plans to use competitive procedures for a procurement, if the procurement is to be conducted as described in subsection (b), then the Secretary shall exclude the Department of Defense from competing in the procurement.
(b) Procurement Description.—
The requirement to exclude the Department of Defense under subsection (a) applies in the case of a procurement to be conducted by excluding from competition entities in the private sector other than small business concerns in furtherance of section 8 or 15 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 637 or 644).
(Added Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title VIII, § 848(a)(1), Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1724, § 2304a; renumbered § 2304e, Pub. L. 104–106, div. D, title XLIII, § 4321(b)(6)(A), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 672; amended Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title VIII, § 812(a)(2)(C)(vi), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1847; Pub. L. 116–92, div. A, title XVII, § 1731(a)(39)(A), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 1814; renumbered § 3901, Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1838(b), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4242.)
heading: Amendments
text: 2021—Pub. L. 116–283 renumbered section 2304e of this title as this section.
heading: Effective Date of 2021 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 116–283 effective Jan. 1, 2022, with additional provisions for delayed implementation and applicability of existing law, see section 1801(d) of Pub. L. 116–283, set out as a note preceding section 3001 of this title.
10 U.S.C. § 3903 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 3903. Subcontracting plans: credit for certain purchases
(a) Purchases Benefiting Severely Handicapped Persons.—
In the case of a business concern that has negotiated a small business subcontracting plan with a military department or a Defense Agency, purchases made by that business concern from qualified nonprofit agencies for the blind or other severely handicapped shall count toward meeting the subcontracting goal provided in that plan.
(b) Definitions.—
In this section:
(1) The term “small business subcontracting plan” means a plan negotiated pursuant to section 8(d) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 637(d)) that establishes a goal for the participation of small business concerns as subcontractors under a contract.
(2) The term “qualified nonprofit agency for the blind or other severely handicapped” means—
(A) a qualified nonprofit agency for the blind, as defined in section 8501(7) of title 41;
(B) a qualified nonprofit agency for other severely disabled, as defined in section 8501(6) of title 41; and
(C) a central nonprofit agency designated by the Committee for Purchase from People Who Are Blind or Severely Disabled under section 8503(c) of title 41.
(Added Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title VIII, § 808(b)(1), Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2449, § 2410d; amended Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title VIII, § 804, Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2815; Pub. L. 104–106, div. D, title XLIII, § 4321(b)(15), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 673; Pub. L. 105–85, div. A, title VIII, § 835, Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1843; Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title VIII, § 807, Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 705; Pub. L. 111–350, § 5(b)(29), Jan. 4, 2011, 124 Stat. 3845; renumbered § 3903, Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1838(b), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4242.)
heading: Amendments
text: 2021—Pub. L. 116–283 renumbered section 2410d of this title as this section.
heading: Effective Date of 2021 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 116–283 effective Jan. 1, 2022, with additional provisions for delayed implementation and applicability of existing law, see section 1801(d) of Pub. L. 116–283, set out as a note preceding section 3001 of this title.
10 U.S.C. § 4004 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 4004. Procurement for experimental purposes
(a) Authority.—
The Secretary of Defense and the Secretaries of the military departments may each buy ordnance, signal, chemical activity, transportation, energy, medical, space-flight, telecommunications, and aeronautical supplies, including parts and accessories, and designs thereof, that the Secretary of Defense or the Secretary concerned considers necessary for experimental or test purposes in the development of the best supplies that are needed for the national defense.
(b) Procedures.—
Purchases under this section may be made inside or outside the United States and by contract or otherwise. Chapter 137 of this title applies only when such purchases are made in quantities greater than necessary for experimentation, technical evaluation, assessment of operational utility, or safety or to provide a residual operational capability.
(Added Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title VIII, § 822(c)(1), Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1706, § 2373; amended Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title X, § 1070(g), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2859; Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title VIII, § 812, Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 395; Pub. L. 114–92, div. A, title VIII, § 814, Nov. 25, 2015, 129 Stat. 893; Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title VIII, § 886, Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1916; renumbered § 4004, Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1841(b)(1), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4243.)
heading: Amendments
text: 2021—Pub. L. 116–283 renumbered section 2373 of this title as this section.
heading: Effective Date of 2021 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 116–283 effective Jan. 1, 2022, with additional provisions for delayed implementation and applicability of existing law, see section 1801(d) of Pub. L. 116–283, set out as a note preceding section 3001 of this title.
10 U.S.C. § 4007 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 4007. Science and technology programs to be conducted so as to foster the transition of science and technology to higher levels of research, development, test, and evaluation
(a) Policy.—
Each official specified in subsection (b) shall ensure that the management and conduct of the science and technology programs under the authority of that official are carried out in a manner that will foster the transition of science and technology to higher levels of research, development, test, and evaluation.
(b) Covered Officials.—
Subsection (a) applies to the following officials of the Department of Defense:
(1) The Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering.
(2) The Secretary of each military department.
(3) The Director of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency.
(4) The directors and heads of other offices and agencies of the Department of Defense with assigned research, development, test, and evaluation responsibilities.
(Added Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title IX, § 904(a)(1)], Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1654, 1654A–225, § 2359; amended Pub. L. 116–92, div. A, title IX, § 902(55), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 1549; renumbered § 4007, Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1841(c), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4243.)
heading: Amendments
text: 2021—Pub. L. 116–283 renumbered section 2359 of this title as this section.
heading: Effective Date of 2021 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 116–283 effective Jan. 1, 2022, with additional provisions for delayed implementation and applicability of existing law, see section 1801(d) of Pub. L. 116–283, set out as a note preceding section 3001 of this title.
10 U.S.C. § 4008 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 4008. Merit-based award of grants for research and development
(a) It is the policy of Congress that an agency named in section 2303(a) 1 of this title should not be required by legislation to award a new grant for research, development, test, or evaluation to a non-Federal Government entity. It is further the policy of Congress that any program, project, or technology identified in legislation be awarded through merit-based selection procedures.
(b) A provision of law may not be construed as requiring a new grant to be awarded to a specified non-Federal Government entity unless that provision of law—
(1) specifically refers to this subsection;
(2) specifically identifies the particular non-Federal Government entity involved; and
(3) specifically states that the award to that entity is required by such provision of law in contravention of the policy set forth in subsection (a).
(c) For purposes of this section, a grant is a new grant unless the work provided for in the grant is a continuation of the work performed by the specified entity under a preceding grant.
(d) This section shall not apply with respect to any grant that calls upon the National Academy of Sciences to investigate, examine, or experiment upon any subject of science or art of significance to an agency named in section 2303(a) 1 of this title and to report on such matters to the Congress or any agency of the Federal Government.
(Added Pub. L. 103–355, title VII, § 7203(a)(2), Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3380, § 2374; renumbered § 4008 and amended Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, §§ 1841(c), 1883(b)(2), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4243, 4294.)
heading: Amendments
text: 2021—Pub. L. 116–283, § 1841(c), renumbered section 2374 of this title as this section.
Subsecs. (a), (d). Pub. L. 116–283, § 1883(b)(2), which directed that each reference in the text of title 10 to a section that was redesignated by title XVIII of Pub. L. 116–283, as such section was in effect before the redesignation, be amended by striking such reference and inserting a reference to the appropriate redesignated section, was not executed with respect to “section 2303(a)”, which was redesignated as multiple sections.
heading: Effective Date of 2021 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 116–283 effective Jan. 1, 2022, with additional provisions for delayed implementation and applicability of existing law, see section 1801(d) of Pub. L. 116–283, set out as a note preceding section 3001 of this title.
10 U.S.C. § 4009 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 4009. Technology protection features activities
(a) Activities.—
The Secretary of Defense shall carry out activities to develop and incorporate technology protection features in a designated system during the research and development phase of such system.
(b) Cost-sharing.—
Any contract for the design or development of a system resulting from activities under subsection (a) for the purpose of enhancing or enabling the exportability of the system, either for the development of program protection strategies for the system or the design and incorporation of exportability features into the system, shall include a cost-sharing provision that requires the contractor to bear half of the cost of such activities, or such other portion of such cost as the Secretary considers appropriate upon showing of good cause.
(c) Definitions.—
In this section:
(1) The term “designated system” means any system (including a major system, as defined in section 3041 of title 10, United States Code) that the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment designates for purposes of this section.
(2) The term “technology protection features” means the technical modifications necessary to protect critical program information, including anti-tamper technologies and other systems engineering activities intended to prevent or delay exploitation of critical technologies in a designated system.
(Added Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title II, § 223(a), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1682, § 2357; renumbered § 4009 and amended Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, §§ 1841(c), 1883(b)(2), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4243, 4294.)
heading: Amendments
text: 2021—Pub. L. 116–283, § 1841(c), renumbered section 2357 of this title as this section.
Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 116–283, § 1883(b)(2), substituted “section 3041” for “section 2302(5)”.
heading: Effective Date of 2021 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 116–283 effective Jan. 1, 2022, with additional provisions for delayed implementation and applicability of existing law, see section 1801(d) of Pub. L. 116–283, set out as a note preceding section 3001 of this title.
10 U.S.C. § 4014 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 4014. Coordination and communication of defense research activities and technology domain awareness
(a) Coordination of Department of Defense Research, Development, and Technological Data.—
The Secretary of Defense shall promote, monitor, and evaluate programs for the communication and exchange of research, development, and technological data—
(1) among the Defense research facilities, combatant commands, and other organizations that are involved in developing for the Department of Defense the technological requirements for new items for use by combat forces;
(2) among Defense research facilities and other offices, agencies, and bureaus in the Department that are engaged in related technological matters;
(3) among other research facilities and other departments or agencies of the Federal Government that are engaged in research, development, and technological matters;
(4) among private commercial, research institution, and university entities engaged in research, development, and technological matters potentially relevant to defense on a voluntary basis;
(5) to the extent practicable, to achieve full awareness of scientific and technological advancement and innovation wherever it may occur, whether funded by the Department of Defense, another element of the Federal Government, or other entities; and
(6) through development and distribution of clear technical communications to the public, military operators, acquisition organizations, and civilian and military decision-makers that convey successes of research and engineering activities supported by the Department and the contributions of such activities to support national needs.
(b) Defense Research Facility Defined.—
In this section, the term “Defense research facility” has the meaning given that term by section 4142(b) of this title.
(Added and amended Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1841(d), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4243.)
heading: Codification
text: The section catchline and text of subsec. (a) of section 2364 of this title, which were transferred to this section by Pub. L. 116–283, § 1841(d)(1), were based on Pub. L. 99–661, div. A, title II, § 234(c)(1), Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 3848; Pub. L. 100–26, § 3(1)(A), Apr. 21, 1987, 101 Stat. 273; Pub. L. 100–180, div. A, title XII, § 1231(10)(B), Dec. 4, 1987, 101 Stat. 1160; Pub. L. 114–92, div. A, title II, § 214(a)(1), (3), Nov. 25, 2015, 129 Stat. 767, 768; Pub. L. 115–91, div. A, title X, § 1081(a)(34), Dec. 12, 2017, 131 Stat. 1596.
heading: Amendments
text: 2021—Pub. L. 116–283, § 1841(d)(1), transferred section catchline and subsec. (a) of section 2364 of this title to this section.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 116–283, § 1841(d)(2), added subsec. (b).
heading: Effective Date
text: Section and amendment by Pub. L. 116–283 effective Jan. 1, 2022, with additional provisions for delayed implementation and applicability of existing law, see section 1801(d) of Pub. L. 116–283, set out as an Effective Date of 2021 Amendment note preceding section 3001 of this title.
10 U.S.C. § 4112 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 4112. Research and development laboratories: contracts for services of university students
(a) Subject to the availability of appropriations for such purpose, the Secretary of Defense may procure by contract under the authority of this section the temporary or intermittent services of students at institutions of higher learning for the purpose of providing technical support at defense research and development laboratories. Such contracts may be made directly with such students or with nonprofit organizations employing such students.
(b) Students providing services pursuant to a contract made under subsection (a) shall be considered to be employees for the purposes of chapter 81 of title 5, relating to compensation for work injuries, and to be employees of the government for the purposes of chapter 171 of title 28, relating to tort claims. Such students who are not otherwise employed by the Federal Government shall not be considered to be Federal employees for any other purpose.
(c) The Secretary of Defense shall prescribe regulations to carry out this section. Such regulations shall include definitions for the purposes of this section of the terms “student”, “institution of higher learning”, and “nonprofit organization”.
(Added Pub. L. 97–86, title VI, § 603(a), Dec. 1, 1981, 95 Stat. 1110, § 2360; renumbered § 4112, Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, § 1843(b)(2), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4245.)
heading: Amendments
text: 2021—Pub. L. 116–283 renumbered section 2360 of this title as this section.
heading: Effective Date of 2021 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 116–283 effective Jan. 1, 2022, with additional provisions for delayed implementation and applicability of existing law, see section 1801(d) of Pub. L. 116–283, set out as a note preceding section 3001 of this title.