dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
15 U.S.C. § 9095 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 9095. Protection of collective bargaining agreements
(a) In general
Neither the Secretary, nor any other actor, department, or agency of the Federal Government, shall condition the issuance of financial assistance under this part on a passenger air carrier’s or contractor’s implementation of measures to enter into negotiations with the certified bargaining representative of a craft or class of employees of the passenger air carrier or contractor under the Railway Labor Act (45 U.S.C. 151 et seq.) or the National Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 151 et seq.), regarding pay or other terms and conditions of employment.
(b) Passenger air carrier period of effect
With respect to any passenger air carrier to which financial assistance is provided under this part, this section shall be in effect with respect to the passenger air carrier for the period beginning on the date on which the passenger air carrier is first issued such financial assistance and ending on March 31, 2021.
(c) Contractor period of effect
With respect to any contractor to which financial assistance is provided under this part, this section shall be in effect with respect to the contractor beginning on the date on which the contractor is first issued such financial assistance and ending on March 31, 2021, or until the date on which all funds are expended, whichever is later.
(Pub. L. 116–260, div. N, title IV, § 405, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2057.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This part, referred to in text, was in the original “this subtitle”, meaning subtitle A (§§ 401–412) of title IV of div. N of Pub. L. 116–260, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2052, which enacted this part and amended sections 9041, 9071, and 9074 of this title. For complete classification of subtitle A to the Code, see Tables.
The Railway Labor Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is act May 20, 1926, ch. 347, 44 Stat. 577, which is classified principally to chapter 8 (§ 151 et seq.) of Title 45, Railroads. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 151 of Title 45 and Tables.
The National Labor Relations Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is act July 5, 1935, ch. 372, 49 Stat. 449, which is classified generally to subchapter II (§ 151 et seq.) of chapter 7 of Title 29, Labor. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 167 of Title 29 and Tables.
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the Economic Aid to Hard-Hit Small Businesses, Nonprofits, and Venues Act, and also as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, and not as part of the CARES Act which in part comprises this chapter.
15 U.S.C. § 9096 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 9096. Limitation on certain employee compensation
(a) In general
The Secretary may only provide financial assistance under this part to a passenger air carrier or contractor after such carrier or contractor enters into an agreement with the Secretary that provides that, during the 2-year period beginning October 1, 2020, and ending October 1, 2022—
(1) no officer or employee of the passenger air carrier or contractor whose total compensation exceeded $425,000 in calendar year 2019 (other than an employee whose compensation is determined through an existing collective bargaining agreement entered into prior to December 27, 2020) will receive from the passenger air carrier or contractor—
(A) total compensation that exceeds, during any 12 consecutive months of such 2-year period, the total compensation received by the officer or employee from the passenger air carrier or contractor in calendar year 2019; or
(B) severance pay or other benefits upon termination of employment with the passenger air carrier or contractor which exceeds twice the maximum total compensation received by the officer or employee from the passenger air carrier or contractor in calendar year 2019; and
(2) no officer or employee of the passenger air carrier or contractor whose total compensation exceeded $3,000,000 in calendar year 2019 may receive during any 12 consecutive months of such period total compensation in excess of the sum of—
(A) $3,000,000; and
(B) 50 percent of the excess over $3,000,000 of the total compensation received by the officer or employee from the passenger air carrier or contractor in calendar year 2019.
(b) Total compensation defined
In this section, the term “total compensation” includes salary, bonuses, awards of stock, and other financial benefits provided by a passenger air carrier or contractor to an officer or employee of the passenger air carrier or contractor.
(Pub. L. 116–260, div. N, title IV, § 406, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2057.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This part, referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “this subtitle”, meaning subtitle A (§§ 401–412) of title IV of div. N of Pub. L. 116–260, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2052, which enacted this part and amended sections 9041, 9071, and 9074 of this title. For complete classification of subtitle A to the Code, see Tables.
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the Economic Aid to Hard-Hit Small Businesses, Nonprofits, and Venues Act, and also as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, and not as part of the CARES Act which in part comprises this chapter.
15 U.S.C. § 9097 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 9097. Minimum air service guarantees
(a) In general
The Secretary of Transportation is authorized to require, to the extent reasonable and practicable, an air carrier provided financial assistance under this part to maintain scheduled air transportation, as the Secretary of Transportation determines necessary, to ensure services to any point served by that air carrier before March 1, 2020.
(b) Required considerations
When considering whether to exercise the authority provided by this section, the Secretary of Transportation shall take into consideration the air transportation needs of small and remote communities, the need to maintain well-functioning health care supply chains, including medical devices and supplies, and pharmaceutical supply chains.
(c) Sunset
The authority provided under this section shall terminate on March 1, 2022, and any requirements issued by the Secretary of Transportation under this section shall cease to apply after that date.
(d) Sense of Congress
It is the sense of Congress that, when implementing this section, the Secretary of Transportation should take into consideration the following:
(1) A number of airports and communities have lost air service as a result of consolidated operations by covered air carriers, as permitted by the Department of Transportation, including smaller airports that are located near larger airports.
(2) Airports covering common points, as determined by the Department of Transportation, do not align with the grouping commonly used by many air carriers, other Federal agencies, and distribution channels used by consumers to purchase air travel.
(3) The demographic, geographic, economic, and other characteristics of an area and affected communities when determining whether consolidated operations at a single airport effectively serve the needs of the point.
(4) Maintaining a robust air transportation system, including maintaining air service to airports throughout the United States, plays an important role in the effective distribution of a coronavirus vaccine.
(5) The objections from community respondents on whether a specific airport should or should not be included in a consolidated point, including those objections noting the importance of the required considerations set forth in subsection (b).
(Pub. L. 116–260, div. N, title IV, § 407, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2058.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This part, referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “this subtitle”, meaning subtitle A (§§ 401–412) of title IV of div. N of Pub. L. 116–260, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2052, which enacted this part and amended sections 9041, 9071, and 9074 of this title. For complete classification of subtitle A to the Code, see Tables.
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the Economic Aid to Hard-Hit Small Businesses, Nonprofits, and Venues Act, and also as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, and not as part of the CARES Act which in part comprises this chapter.
15 U.S.C. § 9098 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 9098. Taxpayer protection
(a) CARES Act assistance recipients
With respect to a recipient of financial assistance under section 4113 of the CARES Act (15 U.S.C. 9073) that receives financial assistance under this part, the Secretary may receive warrants, options, preferred stock, debt securities, notes, or other financial instruments issued by such recipient that are, to the maximum extent practicable, in the same form and amount, and under the same terms and conditions, as agreed to by the Secretary and such recipient to provide appropriate compensation to the Federal Government for the provision of the financial assistance under this part.
(b) Other applicants
With respect to a recipient of financial assistance under this part that did not receive financial assistance under section 4113 of the CARES Act (15 U.S.C. 9073), the Secretary may receive warrants, options, preferred stock, debt securities, notes, or other financial instruments issued by such recipient in a form and amount that are, to the maximum extent practicable, under the same terms and conditions as agreed to by the Secretary and similarly situated recipients of financial assistance under such section to provide appropriate compensation to the Federal Government for the provision of the financial assistance under this part.
(Pub. L. 116–260, div. N, title IV, § 408, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2059.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: The CARES Act, referred to in subsec. (a), also known as the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, is Pub. L. 116–136, Mar. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 281, which enacted this chapter and enacted, amended, and repealed numerous other sections and notes in the Code. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 9001 of this title and Tables.
This part, referred to in text, was in the original “this subtitle”, meaning subtitle A (§§ 401–412) of title IV of div. N of Pub. L. 116–260, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2052, which enacted this part and amended sections 9041, 9071, and 9074 of this title. For complete classification of subtitle A to the Code, see Tables.
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the Economic Aid to Hard-Hit Small Businesses, Nonprofits, and Venues Act, and also as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, and not as part of the CARES Act which in part comprises this chapter.
15 U.S.C. § 9099 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 9099. Reports
(a) Report
Not later than May 1, 2021, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate a report on the financial assistance provided to passenger air carriers and contractors under this part, that includes—
(1) a description of any financial assistance provided to passenger air carriers under this part;
(2) any audits of passenger air carriers or contractors receiving financial assistance under this part;
(3) any reports filed by passenger air carriers or contractors receiving financial assistance under this part;
(4) any instances of non-compliance by passenger air carriers or contractors receiving financial assistance under this part with the requirements of this part or agreements entered into with the Secretary to receive such financial assistance; and
(5) information relating to any clawback of any financial assistance provided to passenger air carriers or contractors under this part.
(b) Internet updates
The Secretary shall update the website of the Department of the Treasury, at minimum, on a weekly basis as necessary to reflect new or revised distributions of financial assistance under this part with respect to each passenger air carrier or contractor that receives such assistance, the identification of any applicant that applied for financial assistance under this part, and the date of application for such assistance.
(c) Supplemental update
Not later than the last day of the 1-year period following December 27, 2020, the Secretary shall update and submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate, the report submitted under subsection (a).
(d) Protection of certain data
The Secretary may withhold information that would otherwise be required to be made available under this section only if the Secretary determines to withhold the information in accordance with section 552 of title 5.
(Pub. L. 116–260, div. N, title IV, § 409, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2059.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This part, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b), was in the original “this subtitle”, meaning subtitle A (§§ 401–412) of title IV of div. N of Pub. L. 116–260, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2052, which enacted this part and amended sections 9041, 9071, and 9074 of this title. For complete classification of subtitle A to the Code, see Tables.
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the Economic Aid to Hard-Hit Small Businesses, Nonprofits, and Venues Act, and also as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, and not as part of the CARES Act which in part comprises this chapter.
15 U.S.C. § 9100 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 9100. Coordination
In implementing this part, the Secretary shall coordinate with the Secretary of Transportation.
(Pub. L. 116–260, div. N, title IV, § 410, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2060.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This part, referred to in text, was in the original “this subtitle”, meaning subtitle A (§§ 401–412) of title IV of div. N of Pub. L. 116–260, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2052, which enacted this part and amended sections 9041, 9071, and 9074 of this title. For complete classification of subtitle A to the Code, see Tables.
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the Economic Aid to Hard-Hit Small Businesses, Nonprofits, and Venues Act, and also as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, and not as part of the CARES Act which in part comprises this chapter.
15 U.S.C. § 9101 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 9101. Funding
There is appropriated, out of amounts in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, $16,000,000,000 to carry out this part, to remain available until expended.
(Pub. L. 116–260, div. N, title IV, § 411, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2060.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This part, referred to in text, was in the original “this subtitle”, meaning subtitle A (§§ 401–412) of title IV of div. N of Pub. L. 116–260, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2052, which enacted this part and amended sections 9041, 9071, and 9074 of this title. For complete classification of subtitle A to the Code, see Tables.
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the Economic Aid to Hard-Hit Small Businesses, Nonprofits, and Venues Act, and also as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, and not as part of the CARES Act which in part comprises this chapter.
15 U.S.C. § 9132 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 9132. Payroll support program
(a) In General
The Secretary shall establish a payroll support program and enter into agreements with employers who meet the eligibility criteria specified in subsection (b) and are not ineligible under subsection (c), to provide public contributions to supplement compensation of an eligible employee group. There is appropriated for fiscal year 2021, out of amounts in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, $3,000,000,000, to remain available until September 30, 2023, for the Secretary to carry out the payroll support program authorized under the preceding sentence for which 1 percent of the funds may be used for implementation costs and administrative expenses.
(b) Eligibility
The Secretary shall enter into an agreement and provide public contributions, for a term no longer than 6 months, solely with an employer that agrees to use the funds received under an agreement exclusively for the continuation of employee wages, salaries, and benefits, to maintain the total compensation level for the eligible employee group as of April 1, 2020 for the duration of the agreement, and to facilitate the retention, rehire, or recall of employees of the employer, except that such funds may not be used for back pay of returning rehired or recalled employees.
(c) Ineligibility
The Secretary may not enter into any agreement under this section with an employer who was allowed a credit under section 2301 of the CARES Act (26 U.S.C. 3111 note) for the immediately preceding calendar quarter ending before such agreement is entered into, who received financial assistance under section 9073 of this title, or who is currently expending financial assistance under the paycheck protection program established under section 636(a)(36) of this title, as of the date the employer submits an application under the payroll support program established under subsection (a).
(d) Reductions
To address any shortfall in assistance that would otherwise be provided under this part, the Secretary shall reduce, on a pro rata basis, the financial assistance provided under this part.
(e) Agreement Deadline
No agreement may be entered into by the Secretary under the payroll support program established under subsection (a) after the last day of the 6 month period that begins on the effective date of the first agreement entered into under such program.
(Pub. L. 117–2, title VII, § 7202, Mar. 11, 2021, 135 Stat. 103.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: Section 2301 of the CARES Act, referred to in subsec. (c), is section 2301 of Pub. L. 116–136, which is set out as a note under section 3111 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, and not as part of the CARES Act which in part comprises this chapter.
15 U.S.C. § 9201 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 9201. Findings
Congress finds the following:
(1) Gaps currently exist on the underlying research needed to develop tools that detect videos, audio files, or photos that have manipulated or synthesized content, including those generated by generative adversarial networks. Research on digital forensics is also needed to identify, preserve, recover, and analyze the provenance of digital artifacts.
(2) The National Science Foundation’s focus to support research in artificial intelligence through computer and information science and engineering, cognitive science and psychology, economics and game theory, control theory, linguistics, mathematics, and philosophy, is building a better understanding of how new technologies are shaping the society and economy of the United States.
(3) The National Science Foundation has identified the “10 Big Ideas for NSF Future Investment” including “Harnessing the Data Revolution” and the “Future of Work at the Human-Technology Frontier”, with artificial intelligence is a critical component.
(4) The outputs generated by generative adversarial networks should be included under the umbrella of research described in paragraph (3) given the grave national security and societal impact potential of such networks.
(5) Generative adversarial networks are not likely to be utilized as the sole technique of artificial intelligence or machine learning capable of creating credible deepfakes. Other techniques may be developed in the future to produce similar outputs.
(Pub. L. 116–258, § 2, Dec. 23, 2020, 134 Stat. 1150.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Short Title
text: Pub. L. 116–258, § 1, Dec. 23, 2020, 134 Stat. 1150, provided that: “This Act [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Identifying Outputs of Generative Adversarial Networks Act’ or the ‘IOGAN Act’.”
15 U.S.C. § 9204 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 9204. Generative adversarial network defined
In this chapter, the term “generative adversarial network” means, with respect to artificial intelligence, the machine learning process of attempting to cause a generator artificial neural network (referred to in this section as the “generator” 1 and a discriminator artificial neural network (referred to in this section as a “discriminator”) to compete against each other to become more accurate in their function and outputs, through which the generator and discriminator create a feedback loop, causing the generator to produce increasingly higher-quality artificial outputs and the discriminator to increasingly improve in detecting such artificial outputs.
(Pub. L. 116–258, § 6, Dec. 23, 2020, 134 Stat. 1152.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 116–258, Dec. 23, 2020, 134 Stat. 1150, known as the Identifying Outputs of Generative Adversarial Networks Act and also as the IOGAN Act, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 9201 of this title and Tables.
This section, referred to in text, was in the original “this paragraph”, and was translated as reading “this section”, meaning section 6 of Pub. L. 116–258, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.
15 U.S.C. § 9301 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 9301. National coordinating entity for sustainable chemistry
(a) Establishment
Not later than 180 days after January 1, 2021, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall convene an interagency entity (referred to in this chapter as the “Entity”) under the National Science and Technology Council with the responsibility to coordinate Federal programs and activities in support of sustainable chemistry, including those described in sections 9303 and 9304 of this title.
(b) Coordination with existing groups
In convening the Entity, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall consider overlap and possible coordination with existing committees, subcommittees, or other groups of the National Science and Technology Council, such as—
(1) the Committee on Environment;
(2) the Committee on Technology;
(3) the Committee on Science; or
(4) related groups or subcommittees.
(c) Co-chairs
The Entity shall be co-chaired by the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy and a representative from the Environmental Protection Agency, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the National Science Foundation, or the Department of Energy, as selected by the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy.
(d) Agency participation
The Entity shall include representatives, including subject matter experts, from the Environmental Protection Agency, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the National Science Foundation, the Department of Energy, the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Defense, the National Institutes of Health, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Food and Drug Administration, and other related Federal agencies, as appropriate.
(e) Termination
The Entity shall terminate on the date that is 10 years after January 1, 2021.
(Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title II, § 261, Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 3497.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “this subtitle”, meaning subtitle E (§§ 261–267) of title II of Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 3497, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of subtitle E to the Code, see Tables.