dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
42 U.S.C. § 4851 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 4851. Findings
The Congress finds that—
(1) low-level lead poisoning is widespread among American children, afflicting as many as 3,000,000 children under age 6, with minority and low-income communities disproportionately affected;
(2) at low levels, lead poisoning in children causes intelligence quotient deficiencies, reading and learning disabilities, impaired hearing, reduced attention span, hyperactivity, and behavior problems;
(3) pre-1980 American housing stock contains more than 3,000,000 tons of lead in the form of lead-based paint, with the vast majority of homes built before 1950 containing substantial amounts of lead-based paint;
(4) the ingestion of household dust containing lead from deteriorating or abraded lead-based paint is the most common cause of lead poisoning in children;
(5) the health and development of children living in as many as 3,800,000 American homes is endangered by chipping or peeling lead paint, or excessive amounts of lead-contaminated dust in their homes;
(6) the danger posed by lead-based paint hazards can be reduced by abating lead-based paint or by taking interim measures to prevent paint deterioration and limit children’s exposure to lead dust and chips;
(7) despite the enactment of laws in the early 1970’s requiring the Federal Government to eliminate as far as practicable lead-based paint hazards in federally owned, assisted, and insured housing, the Federal response to this national crisis remains severely limited; and
(8) the Federal Government must take a leadership role in building the infrastructure—including an informed public, State and local delivery systems, certified inspectors, contractors, and laboratories, trained workers, and available financing and insurance—necessary to ensure that the national goal of eliminating lead-based paint hazards in housing can be achieved as expeditiously as possible.
(Pub. L. 102–550, title X, § 1002, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3897.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Short Title
text: Pub. L. 102–550, title X, § 1001, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3897, provided that: “This title [enacting this chapter and sections 2681 to 2692 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade, amending sections 1437f, 1437aaa–1, 1437aaa–2, 1471, 4822, 5305, 12705, 12742, 12872, 12873, 12892, and 12893 of this title, sections 1703, 1709, and 1715l of Title 12, Banks and Banking, sections 2606, 2610, 2612, 2615, 2616, 2618, and 2619 of Title 15, and section 671 of Title 29, Labor, and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 2601 of Title 15] may be cited as the ‘Residential Lead-Based Paint Hazard Reduction Act of 1992’.”
42 U.S.C. § 4851a (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 4851a. Purposes
The purposes of this chapter are—
(1) to develop a national strategy to build the infrastructure necessary to eliminate lead-based paint hazards in all housing as expeditiously as possible;
(2) to reorient the national approach to the presence of lead-based paint in housing to implement, on a priority basis, a broad program to evaluate and reduce lead-based paint hazards in the Nation’s housing stock;
(3) to encourage effective action to prevent childhood lead poisoning by establishing a workable framework for lead-based paint hazard evaluation and reduction and by ending the current confusion over reasonable standards of care;
(4) to ensure that the existence of lead-based paint hazards is taken into account in the development of Government housing policies and in the sale, rental, and renovation of homes and apartments;
(5) to mobilize national resources expeditiously, through a partnership among all levels of government and the private sector, to develop the most promising, cost-effective methods for evaluating and reducing lead-based paint hazards;
(6) to reduce the threat of childhood lead poisoning in housing owned, assisted, or transferred by the Federal Government; and
(7) to educate the public concerning the hazards and sources of lead-based paint poisoning and steps to reduce and eliminate such hazards.
(Pub. L. 102–550, title X, § 1003, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3897.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning title X of Pub. L. 102–550, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3897, known as the Residential Lead-Based Paint Hazard Reduction Act of 1992. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4851 of this title and Tables.
42 U.S.C. § 4852b (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 4852b. National consultation on lead-based paint hazard reduction
In carrying out this chapter, the Secretary shall consult on an ongoing basis with the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, the Director of the Centers for Disease Control, other Federal agencies concerned with lead poisoning prevention, and the task force established pursuant to section 4852a of this title.
(Pub. L. 102–550, title X, § 1016, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3909.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning title X of Pub. L. 102–550, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3897, known as the Residential Lead-Based Paint Hazard Reduction Act of 1992. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4851 of this title and Tables.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Change of Name
text: Centers for Disease Control changed to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention by Pub. L. 102–531, title III, § 312, Oct. 27, 1992, 106 Stat. 3504.
42 U.S.C. § 4852c (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 4852c. Guidelines for lead-based paint hazard evaluation and reduction activities
Not later than 12 months after October 28, 1992, the Secretary, in consultation with the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, the Secretary of Labor, and the Secretary of Health and Human Services (acting through the Director of the Centers for Disease Control), shall issue guidelines for the conduct of federally supported work involving risk assessments, inspections, interim controls, and abatement of lead-based paint hazards. Such guidelines shall be based upon criteria that measure the condition of the housing (and the presence of children under age 6 for the purposes of risk assessments) and shall not be based upon criteria that measure the health of the residents of the housing.
(Pub. L. 102–550, title X, § 1017, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3909.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Change of Name
text: Centers for Disease Control changed to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention by Pub. L. 102–531, title III, § 312, Oct. 27, 1992, 106 Stat. 3504.
42 U.S.C. § 4853a (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 4853a. Coordination between Environmental Protection Agency and Department of Labor
The Secretary of Labor, in promulgating regulations under section 4853 of this title, shall consult and coordinate with the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency for the purpose of achieving the maximum enforcement of title IV of the Toxic Substances Control Act [15 U.S.C. 2681 et seq.] and the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 [29 U.S.C. 651 et seq.] while imposing the least burdens of duplicative requirements on those subject to such title and Act and for other purposes.
(Pub. L. 102–550, title X, § 1032, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3924.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: The Toxic Substances Control Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 94–469, Oct. 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 2003, as amended. Title IV of the Act is classified generally to subchapter IV (§ 2681 et seq.) of chapter 53 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2601 of Title 15 and Tables.
The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 91–596, Dec. 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 1590, as amended, which is classified principally to chapter 15 (§ 651 et seq.) of Title 29, Labor. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 651 of Title 29 and Tables.
42 U.S.C. § 4854a (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 4854a. Testing technologies
The Secretary, in cooperation with other Federal agencies, shall conduct research to—
(1) develop improved methods for evaluating lead-based paint hazards in housing;
(2) develop improved methods for reducing lead-based paint hazards in housing;
(3) develop improved methods for measuring lead in paint films, dust, and soil samples;
(4) establish performance standards for various detection methods, including spot test kits;
(5) establish performance standards for lead-based paint hazard reduction methods, including the use of encapsulants;
(6) establish appropriate cleanup standards;
(7) evaluate the efficacy of interim controls in various hazard situations;
(8) evaluate the relative performance of various abatement techniques;
(9) evaluate the long-term cost-effectiveness of interim control and abatement strategies; and
(10) assess the effectiveness of hazard evaluation and reduction activities funded by this chapter.
(Pub. L. 102–550, title X, § 1052, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3925.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in par. (10), was in the original “this Act”, meaning title X of Pub. L. 102–550, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3897, known as the Residential Lead-Based Paint Hazard Reduction Act of 1992. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4851 of this title and Tables.
42 U.S.C. § 4854b (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 4854b. Authorization
Of the total amount approved in appropriation Acts under section 4852(o) 1 of this title, there shall be set aside to carry out this part $5,000,000 for fiscal year 1993, and $5,000,000 for fiscal year 1994.
(Pub. L. 102–550, title X, § 1053, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3926.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: Section 4852(o) of this title, referred to in text, was redesignated section 4852(p) of this title by Pub. L. 103–233, title III, § 305(a)(1), Apr. 11, 1994, 108 Stat. 370.
42 U.S.C. § 4856 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 4856. Reports of Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
(a) Annual report
The Secretary shall transmit to the Congress an annual report that—
(1) sets forth the Secretary’s assessment of the progress made in implementing the various programs authorized by this chapter;
(2) summarizes the most current health and environmental studies on childhood lead poisoning, including studies that analyze the relationship between interim control and abatement activities and the incidence of lead poisoning in resident children;
(3) recommends legislative and administrative initiatives that may improve the performance by the Department of Housing and Urban Development in combating lead hazards through the expansion of lead hazard evaluation and reduction activities;
(4) describes the results of research carried out in accordance with subchapter III; and
(5) estimates the amount of Federal assistance annually expended on lead hazard evaluation and reduction activities.
(b) Biennial report
(1) In general
24 months after October 28, 1992, and at the end of every 24-month period thereafter, the Secretary shall report to the Congress on the progress of the Department of Housing and Urban Development in implementing expanded lead-based paint hazard evaluation and reduction activities.
(2) Contents
The report shall—
(A) assess the effectiveness of section 4852d of this title in making the public aware of lead-based paint hazards;
(B) estimate the extent to which lead-based paint hazard evaluation and reduction activities are being conducted in the various categories of housing;
(C) monitor and report expenditures for lead-based paint hazard evaluation and reduction for programs within the jurisdiction of the Department of Housing and Urban Development;
(D) identify the infrastructure needed to eliminate lead-based paint hazards in all housing as expeditiously as possible, including cost-effective technology, standards and regulations, trained and certified contractors, certified laboratories, liability insurance, private financing techniques, and appropriate Government subsidies;
(E) assess the extent to which the infrastructure described in subparagraph (D) exists, make recommendations to correct shortcomings, and provide estimates of the costs of measures needed to build an adequate infrastructure; and
(F) include any additional information that the Secretary deems appropriate.
(Pub. L. 102–550, title X, § 1061, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3926.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was in the original “this title”, meaning title X of Pub. L. 102–550, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3897, known as the Residential Lead-Based Paint Hazard Reduction Act of 1992. For complete classification of this title to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 4851 of this title and Tables.
42 U.S.C. § 4871...4883 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§§ 4871 to 4883. Omitted
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: The public service employment programs covered by this chapter and authorized pursuant to the Emergency Employment Act of 1971, Pub. L. 92–54, July 12, 1971, 85 Stat. 146, which enacted this chapter, are omitted because appropriations were not authorized after June 30, 1973. Similar public service employment programs were included in the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act of 1973, Pub. L. 93–203, title II, §§ 201–211, Dec. 28, 1973, 87 Stat. 850–857, which was classified to section 841 et seq. of Title 29, Labor, and was repealed by section 184(a)(1) of the Job Training Partnership Act, Pub. L. 97–300, title I, Oct. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1357. The Job Training Partnership Act was classified principally to chapter 19 (§ 1501 et seq.) of Title 29 and was repealed by Pub. L. 105–220, title I, § 199(b)(2), 112 Stat. 1059, effective July 1, 2000.
Section 4871, Pub. L. 92–54, § 2, July 12, 1971, 85 Stat. 146, set forth Congressional statement of findings and purpose.
Section 4872, Pub. L. 92–54, § 3, July 12, 1971, 85 Stat. 147, related to financial assistance.
Section 4873, Pub. L. 92–54, § 4, July 12, 1971, 85 Stat. 147, related to eligibility of applicants.
Section 4874, Pub. L. 92–54, § 5, July 12, 1971, 85 Stat. 148, related to authorization of appropriations and the national unemployment rate.
Section 4875, Pub. L. 92–54, § 6, July 12, 1971, 85 Stat. 148, related to special employment assistance.
Section 4876, Pub. L. 92–54, § 7, July 12, 1971, 85 Stat. 149, related to applications for financial assistance.
Section 4877, Pub. L. 92–54, § 8, July 12, 1971, 85 Stat. 151, related to approval of applications and non-Federal contributions.
Section 4878, Pub. L. 92–54, § 9, July 12, 1971, 85 Stat. 151, related to interstate and intrastate allocation of funds.
Section 4879, Pub. L. 92–54, § 10, July 12, 1971, 85 Stat. 152, related to training and manpower services.
Section 4880, Pub. L. 92–54, § 11, July 12, 1971, 85 Stat. 152, related to periodic review and evaluation by the Secretary.
Section 4881, Pub. L. 92–54, § 12, July 12, 1971, 85 Stat. 153, set forth special provisions relating to programs.
Section 4882, Pub. L. 92–54, § 13, July 12, 1971, 85 Stat. 155, related to a special report to Congress.
Section 4883, Pub. L. 92–54, § 14, July 12, 1971, 85 Stat. 155, set forth definitions.
42 U.S.C. § 4901 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 4901. Congressional findings and statement of policy
(a) The Congress finds—
(1) that inadequately controlled noise presents a growing danger to the health and welfare of the Nation’s population, particularly in urban areas;
(2) that the major sources of noise include transportation vehicles and equipment, machinery, appliances, and other products in commerce; and
(3) that, while primary responsibility for control of noise rests with State and local governments, Federal action is essential to deal with major noise sources in commerce control of which require national uniformity of treatment.
(b) The Congress declares that it is the policy of the United States to promote an environment for all Americans free from noise that jeopardizes their health or welfare. To that end, it is the purpose of this chapter to establish a means for effective coordination of Federal research and activities in noise control, to authorize the establishment of Federal noise emission standards for products distributed in commerce, and to provide information to the public respecting the noise emission and noise reduction characteristics of such products.
(Pub. L. 92–574, § 2, Oct. 27, 1972, 86 Stat. 1234.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Short Title of 1978 Amendment
text: Pub. L. 95–609, § 1, Nov. 8, 1978, 92 Stat. 3079, provided: “That this Act [amending sections 4905, 4910, 4913, 4918, 6901, 6903, 6907, 6913, 6922, 6923, 6925, to 6928, 6947, 6961, 6962, 6964, 6972, 6973, 6977, and 6981 to 6984 of this title and section 1431 of former Title 49, Transportation, and enacting provision set out as a note under section 1431 of former Title 49] may be cited as the ‘Quiet Communities Act of 1978’.”
heading: Short Title
text: Pub. L. 92–574, § 1, Oct. 27, 1972, 86 Stat. 1234, provided that: “This Act [enacting this chapter, amending section 1431 of former Title 49, Transportation, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and section 1431 of former Title 49] may be cited as the ‘Noise Control Act of 1972’.”
heading: Executive Documents
heading: Federal Compliance With Pollution Control Standards
text: For provisions relating to the responsibility of the head of each Executive agency for compliance with applicable pollution control standards, see Ex. Ord. No. 12088, Oct. 13, 1978, 43 F.R. 47707, set out as a note under section 4321 of this title.
42 U.S.C. § 4906 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 4906. Omitted
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Section, Pub. L. 92–574, § 7(a), Oct. 27, 1972, 86 Stat. 1239, related to a study by the Administrator of the adequacy of noise controls, noise emission standards, and measures available to control such noise, the results of such study to be reported to the appropriate committees of Congress within nine months after Oct. 27, 1972.
42 U.S.C. § 4910 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 4910. Enforcement
(a) Criminal penalties
(1) Any person who willfully or knowingly violates paragraph (1), (3), (5), or (6) of subsection (a) of section 4909 of this title shall be punished by a fine of not more than $25,000 per day of violation, or by imprisonment for not more than one year, or by both. If the conviction is for a violation committed after a first conviction of such person under this subsection, punishment shall be by a fine of not more than $50,000 per day of violation, or by imprisonment for not more than two years, or by both.
(2) Any person who violates paragraph (1), (3), (5), or (6) of subsection (a) of section 4909 of this title shall be subject to a civil penalty not to exceed $10,000 per day of such violation.
(b) Separate violations
For the purpose of this section, each day of violation of any paragraph of section 4909(a) of this title shall constitute a separate violation of that section.
(c) Actions to restrain violations
The district courts of the United States shall have jurisdiction of actions brought by and in the name of the United States to restrain any violations of section 4909(a) of this title.
(d) Orders issued to protect public health and welfare; notice; opportunity for hearing
(1) Whenever any person is in violation of section 4909(a) of this title, the Administrator may issue an order specifying such relief as he determines is necessary to protect the public health and welfare.
(2) Any order under this subsection shall be issued only after notice and opportunity for a hearing in accordance with section 554 of title 5.
(e) “Person” defined
The term “person,” as used in this section, does not include a department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States.
(Pub. L. 92–574, § 11, Oct. 27, 1972, 86 Stat. 1242; Pub. L. 95–609, § 4, Nov. 8, 1978, 92 Stat. 3081.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 1978—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 95–609 redesignated existing provisions as par. (1) and added par. (2).
42 U.S.C. § 4918 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 4918. Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this chapter (other than for research and development) $15,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1979.
(Pub. L. 92–574, § 19, Oct. 27, 1972, 86 Stat. 1250; Pub. L. 94–301, § 2, May 31, 1976, 90 Stat. 590; Pub. L. 95–609, § 6, Nov. 8, 1978, 92 Stat. 3081.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 1978—Pub. L. 95–609 substituted provisions authorizing appropriations of $15,000,000 for 1979 for provisions authorizing appropriations for fiscal years 1973 to 1977 and struck out restriction on expenditures for research and development.
1976—Pub. L. 94–301 inserted authorization of appropriations for fiscal year ending June 30, 1976, the transition period, and fiscal year ending September 30, 1977, and provisions excepting appropriations for research and development use.
42 U.S.C. § 4952 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 4952. Authority to operate VISTA program
This part shall be administered by one of the Assistant Directors appointed pursuant to section 12651e(d)(1)(A) of this title. Such Director may recruit, select, and train persons to serve in full-time volunteer programs consistent with the provisions and to carry out the purpose of this part.
(Pub. L. 93–113, title I, § 102, Oct. 1, 1973, 87 Stat. 396; Pub. L. 98–288, § 3, May 21, 1984, 98 Stat. 189; Pub. L. 101–204, title I, § 101(d)(1), Dec. 7, 1989, 103 Stat. 1811; Pub. L. 103–82, title III, § 322(a), Sept. 21, 1993, 107 Stat. 899.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 1993—Pub. L. 103–82 substituted “This part shall be administered by one of the Assistant Directors appointed pursuant to section 12651e(d)(1)(A) of this title. Such Director” for “The Director”.
1989—Pub. L. 101–204 struck out subsec. (a) designation before “The Director may”, struck out subsec. (b) which related to replacement of applicants who become unavailable for service, and struck out subsec. (c) which related to age quotas.
1984—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 98–288 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and added subsecs. (b) and (c).
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 1993 Amendment
text: Pub. L. 103–82, title III, § 322(b), Sept. 21, 1993, 107 Stat. 899, provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect on the effective date of section 203(b).”
[Section 203(b) of Pub. L. 103–82 is effective 18 months after Sept. 21, 1993, or on such earlier date as the President shall determine to be appropriate and announce by proclamation in the Federal Register, see section 203(d) of Pub. L. 103–82, set out as a note under section 12651 of this title.]
42 U.S.C. § 4956 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 4956. Participation of program beneficiaries
To the maximum extent practicable, the people of the communities to be served by volunteers under this subchapter shall participate in planning, developing, and implementing programs thereunder, and the Director, after consultation with sponsoring agencies (including volunteers assigned to them) and the people served by such agencies, shall establish in regulations, a continuing mechanism for the meaningful participation of such program beneficiaries.
(Pub. L. 93–113, title I, § 106, Oct. 1, 1973, 87 Stat. 398; Pub. L. 98–288, § 7, May 21, 1984, 98 Stat. 191.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 1984—Pub. L. 98–288 substituted “establish in regulations” for “take all necessary steps to establish, in regulations he shall prescribe”.