dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
42 U.S.C. § 17211 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 17211. Definitions
In this part:
(1) Eligible entity
The term “eligible entity” means any of the following entities:
(A) An institution of higher education.
(B) A National Laboratory.
(C) A Federal research agency.
(D) A State research agency.
(E) A nonprofit research organization.
(F) An industrial entity or a multi-institutional consortium thereof.
(2) Institution of higher education
The term “institution of higher education” means—
(A) an institution of higher education (as defined in section 1001(a) of title 20); or
(B) a postsecondary vocational institution (as defined in section 1002(c) of title 20).
(3) Marine energy
The term “marine energy” means energy from—
(A) waves, tides, and currents in oceans, estuaries, and tidal areas;
(B) free flowing water in rivers, lakes, streams, and man-made channels;
(C) differentials in salinity and pressure gradients; and
(D) differentials in water temperature, including ocean thermal energy conversion.
(4) National laboratory
The term “National Laboratory” has the meaning given such term in section 15801(3) of this title.
(5) Water power
The term “water power” refers to hydropower, including conduit power, pumped storage, and marine energy technologies.
(6) Microgrid
The term “microgrid” has the meaning given such term in section 17231 of this title.
(Pub. L. 110–140, title VI, § 632, as added Pub. L. 116–260, div. Z, title III, § 3001(a), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2479.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 17211, Pub. L. 110–140, title VI, § 632, Dec. 19, 2007, 121 Stat. 1686, related to definitions of terms, prior to the general amendment of this part by Pub. L. 116–260.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Short Title
text: This part was formerly known as the “Marine and Hydrokinetic Renewable Energy Research and Development Act”, see Short Title note formerly set out under section 17001 of this title.
42 U.S.C. § 17212 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 17212. Water power technology research, development, and demonstration
The Secretary shall carry out a program to conduct research, development, demonstration, and commercial application of water power technologies in support of each of the following purposes:
(1) To promote research, development, demonstration, and commercial application of water power generation technologies in order to increase capacity and reduce the cost of those technologies.
(2) To promote research and development to improve the environmental impact of water power technologies.
(3) To provide grid reliability and resilience, including through technologies that facilitate new market opportunities, such as ancillary services, for water power.
(4) To promote the development of water power technologies to improve economic growth and enhance cross-institutional foundational workforce development in the water power sector, including in coastal communities.
(Pub. L. 110–140, title VI, § 633, as added Pub. L. 116–260, div. Z, title III, § 3001(a), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2480.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 17212, Pub. L. 110–140, title VI, § 633, Dec. 19, 2007, 121 Stat. 1686, related to marine and hydrokinetic renewable energy research and development, prior to the general amendment of this part by Pub. L. 116–260.
42 U.S.C. § 17215 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 17215. National Marine Energy Centers
(a) In general
The Secretary shall award grants, each such grant up to $10,000,000 per year, to institutions of higher education (or consortia thereof) for—
(1) the continuation and expansion of the research, development, demonstration, testing, and commercial application activities at the National Marine Energy Centers (referred to in this section as “Centers”) established as of January 1, 2020; and
(2) the establishment of new National Marine Energy Centers.
(b) Location selection
In selecting institutions of higher education for new Centers, the Secretary shall consider the following criteria:
(1) Whether the institution hosts an existing marine energy research and development program.
(2) Whether the institution has proven technical expertise to support marine energy research.
(3) Whether the institution has access to marine resources.
(c) Purposes
The Centers shall coordinate among themselves, the Department, and National Laboratories to—
(1) advance research, development, demonstration, and commercial application of marine energy technologies in response to industry and commercial needs;
(2) support in-water testing and demonstration of marine energy technologies, including facilities capable of testing—
(A) marine energy systems of various technology readiness levels and scales;
(B) a variety of technologies in multiple test berths at a single location;
(C) arrays of technology devices; and
(D) interconnectivity to an electrical grid, including microgrids; and
(3) collect and disseminate information on best practices in all areas relating to developing and managing marine energy resources and energy systems.
(d) Coordination
To the extent practicable, the Centers shall coordinate their activities with the Secretary of Commerce, acting through the Undersecretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere, and other relevant Federal agencies.
(e) Termination
To the extent otherwise authorized by law, the Secretary may terminate funding for a Center described in paragraph (a) if such Center is under-performing.
(Pub. L. 110–140, title VI, § 636, as added Pub. L. 116–260, div. Z, title III, § 3001(a), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2484.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 17215, Pub. L. 110–140, title VI, § 636, Dec. 19, 2007, 121 Stat. 1688, related to authorization of appropriations, prior to the general amendment of this part by Pub. L. 116–260.
42 U.S.C. § 17217 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 17217. Applicability of other laws
Nothing in this part shall be construed as waiving, modifying, or superseding the applicability of any requirement under any environmental or other Federal or State law.
(Pub. L. 110–140, title VI, § 638, as added Pub. L. 116–260, div. Z, title III, § 3001(a), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2486.)
42 U.S.C. § 17241 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 17241. Lightweight materials research and development
(a) In general
As soon as practicable after December 19, 2007, the Secretary of Energy shall establish a program to determine ways in which the weight of motor vehicles could be reduced to improve fuel efficiency without compromising passenger safety by conducting research, development, and demonstration relating to—
(1) the development of new materials (including cast metal composite materials formed by autocombustion synthesis) and material processes that yield a higher strength-to-weight ratio or other properties that reduce vehicle weight; and
(2) reducing the cost of—
(A) lightweight materials (including high-strength steel alloys, aluminum, magnesium, metal composites, and carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites) with the properties required for construction of lighter-weight vehicles; and
(B) materials processing, automated manufacturing, joining, and recycling lightweight materials for high-volume applications.
(b) Authorization of appropriations
There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $80,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2008 through 2012.
(Pub. L. 110–140, title VI, § 651, Dec. 19, 2007, 121 Stat. 1694.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective on the date that is 1 day after Dec. 19, 2007, see section 1601 of Pub. L. 110–140, set out as a note under section 1824 of Title 2, The Congress.
42 U.S.C. § 17242 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 17242. Commercial insulation demonstration program
(a) Definitions
In this section:
(1) Advanced insulation
The term “advanced insulation” means insulation that has an R value of not less than R35 per inch.
(2) Covered refrigeration unit
The term “covered refrigeration unit” means any—
(A) commercial refrigerated truck;
(B) commercial refrigerated trailer; or
(C) commercial refrigerator, freezer, or refrigerator-freezer described in section 6313(c) of this title.
(b) Report
Not later than 90 days after December 19, 2007, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report that includes an evaluation of—
(1) the state of technological advancement of advanced insulation; and
(2) the projected amount of cost savings that would be generated by implementing advanced insulation into covered refrigeration units.
(c) Demonstration program
(1) Establishment
If the Secretary determines in the report described in subsection (b) that the implementation of advanced insulation into covered refrigeration units would generate an economically justifiable amount of cost savings, the Secretary, in cooperation with manufacturers of covered refrigeration units, shall establish a demonstration program under which the Secretary shall demonstrate the cost-effectiveness of advanced insulation.
(2) Disclosure
The Secretary may, for a period of up to 5 years after an award is granted under the demonstration program, exempt from mandatory disclosure under section 552 of title 5 (popularly known as the Freedom of Information Act) information that the Secretary determines would be a privileged or confidential trade secret or commercial or financial information under subsection (b)(4) of such section if the information had been obtained from a non-Government party.
(3) Cost-sharing
Section 16352 of this title shall apply to any project carried out under this subsection.
(d) Authorization of appropriations
There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $8,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2009 through 2014.
(Pub. L. 110–140, title VI, § 652, Dec. 19, 2007, 121 Stat. 1694.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective on the date that is 1 day after Dec. 19, 2007, see section 1601 of Pub. L. 110–140, set out as a note under section 1824 of Title 2, The Congress.
42 U.S.C. § 17251 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 17251. Carbon capture
(a) Program establishment
(1) In general
The Secretary shall carry out a program to demonstrate technologies for the large-scale capture of carbon dioxide from industrial sources. In making awards under this program, the Secretary shall select, as appropriate, a diversity of capture technologies to address the need to capture carbon dioxide from a range of industrial sources.
(2) Scope of award
Awards under this section shall be only for the portion of the project that—
(A) carries out the large-scale capture (including purification and compression) of carbon dioxide from industrial sources;
(B) provides for the transportation and injection of carbon dioxide; and
(C) incorporates a comprehensive measurement, monitoring, and validation program.
(3) Preferences for award
To ensure reduced carbon dioxide emissions, the Secretary shall take necessary actions to provide for the integration of the program under this paragraph with the large-scale carbon dioxide sequestration tests described in section 16293(c) of this title. These actions should not delay implementation of these tests. The Secretary shall give priority consideration to projects with the following characteristics:
(A) Capacity
Projects that will capture a high percentage of the carbon dioxide in the treated stream and large volumes of carbon dioxide as determined by the Secretary.
(B) Sequestration
Projects that capture carbon dioxide from industrial sources that are near suitable geological reservoirs and could continue sequestration including—
(i) a field testing validation activity under section 16293 of this title; or
(ii) other geologic sequestration projects approved by the Secretary.
(4) Requirement
For projects that generate carbon dioxide that is to be sequestered, the carbon dioxide stream shall be of a sufficient purity level to allow for safe transport and sequestration.
(5) Cost-sharing
The cost-sharing requirements of section 16352 of this title for research and development projects shall apply to this section.
(b) Authorization of appropriations
There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section $200,000,000 per year for fiscal years 2009 through 2013.
(Pub. L. 110–140, title VII, § 703, Dec. 19, 2007, 121 Stat. 1708; Pub. L. 116–260, div. Z, title IV, § 4003(c)(1), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2539.)
heading: Statutory Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2020—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 116–260 substituted “section 16293(c)” for “section 16293(c)(3)”.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective on the date that is 1 day after Dec. 19, 2007, see section 1601 of Pub. L. 110–140, set out as a note under section 1824 of Title 2, The Congress.
heading: Short Title
text: Subtitle A (§§ 701–708) of title VII of Pub. L. 110–140, which is classified principally to this part, is known as the “Department of Energy Carbon Capture and Sequestration Research, Development, and Demonstration Act of 2007”. See Short Title note set out under section 17001 of this title.
42 U.S.C. § 17252 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 17252. Review of large-scale programs
The Secretary shall enter into an arrangement with the National Academy of Sciences for an independent review and oversight, beginning in 2011, of the programs under section 16293(c) of this title and under section 17251 of this title, to ensure that the benefits of such programs are maximized. Not later than January 1, 2012, the Secretary shall transmit to the Congress a report on the results of such review and oversight.
(Pub. L. 110–140, title VII, § 704, Dec. 19, 2007, 121 Stat. 1709; Pub. L. 116–260, div. Z, title IV, § 4003(c)(2), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2539.)
heading: Statutory Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2020—Pub. L. 116–260 substituted “section 16293(c)” for “section 16293(c)(3)”.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective on the date that is 1 day after Dec. 19, 2007, see section 1601 of Pub. L. 110–140, set out as a note under section 1824 of Title 2, The Congress.
42 U.S.C. § 17253 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 17253. Geologic sequestration training and research
(a) Study
(1) In general
The Secretary shall enter into an arrangement with the National Academy of Sciences to undertake a study that—
(A) defines an interdisciplinary program in geology, engineering, hydrology, environmental science, and related disciplines that will support the Nation’s capability to capture and sequester carbon dioxide from anthropogenic sources;
(B) addresses undergraduate and graduate education, especially to help develop graduate level programs of research and instruction that lead to advanced degrees with emphasis on geologic sequestration science;
(C) develops guidelines for proposals from colleges and universities with substantial capabilities in the required disciplines that seek to implement geologic sequestration science programs that advance the Nation’s capacity to address carbon management through geologic sequestration science; and
(D) outlines a budget and recommendations for how much funding will be necessary to establish and carry out the grant program under subsection (b).
(2) Report
Not later than 1 year after December 19, 2007, the Secretary shall transmit to the Congress a copy of the results of the study provided by the National Academy of Sciences under paragraph (1).
(3) Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for carrying out this subsection $1,000,000 for fiscal year 2008.
(b) Grant program
(1) Establishment
The Secretary shall establish a competitive grant program through which colleges and universities may apply for and receive 4-year grants for—
(A) salary and startup costs for newly designated faculty positions in an integrated geologic carbon sequestration science program; and
(B) internships for graduate students in geologic sequestration science.
(2) Renewal
Grants under this subsection shall be renewable for up to 2 additional 3-year terms, based on performance criteria, established by the National Academy of Sciences study conducted under subsection (a), that include the number of graduates of such programs.
(3) Interface with regional geologic carbon sequestration partnerships
To the greatest extent possible, geologic carbon sequestration science programs supported under this subsection shall interface with the research of the Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships operated by the Department to provide internships and practical training in carbon capture and geologic sequestration.
(4) Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for carrying out this subsection such sums as may be necessary.
(Pub. L. 110–140, title VII, § 705, Dec. 19, 2007, 121 Stat. 1709.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective on the date that is 1 day after Dec. 19, 2007, see section 1601 of Pub. L. 110–140, set out as a note under section 1824 of Title 2, The Congress.
42 U.S.C. § 17254 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 17254. Relation to Safe Drinking Water Act
The injection and geologic sequestration of carbon dioxide pursuant to this subtitle and the amendments made by this subtitle shall be subject to the requirements of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300f et seq.), including the provisions of part C of such Act (42 U.S.C. 300h et seq.; relating to protection of underground sources of drinking water). Nothing in this subtitle and the amendments made by this subtitle imposes or authorizes the promulgation of any requirement that is inconsistent or in conflict with the requirements of the Safe Drinking Water Act (42 U.S.C. 300f et seq.) or regulations thereunder.
(Pub. L. 110–140, title VII, § 706, Dec. 19, 2007, 121 Stat. 1710.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This subtitle, referred to in text, is subtitle A (§§ 701–708) of title VII of Pub. L. 110–140, which enacted this part, amended section 16293 of this title, and enacted provisions set out as a note under section 17001 of this title. For complete classification of subtitle A to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 17001 of this title and Tables.
The Safe Drinking Water Act, referred to in text, is title XIV of act July 1, 1944, as added Dec. 16, 1974, Pub. L. 93–523, § 2(a), 88 Stat. 1660, which is classified generally to subchapter XII (§ 300f et seq.) of chapter 6A of this title. Part C of the Act is classified generally to part C (§ 300h et seq.) of subchapter XII of chapter 6A of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 201 of this title and Tables.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective on the date that is 1 day after Dec. 19, 2007, see section 1601 of Pub. L. 110–140, set out as a note under section 1824 of Title 2, The Congress.
42 U.S.C. § 17255 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 17255. Safety research
(a) Program
The Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency shall conduct a research program to address public health, safety, and environmental impacts that may be associated with capture, injection, and sequestration of greenhouse gases in geologic reservoirs.
(b) Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated for carrying out this section $5,000,000 for each fiscal year.
(Pub. L. 110–140, title VII, § 707, Dec. 19, 2007, 121 Stat. 1710.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective on the date that is 1 day after Dec. 19, 2007, see section 1601 of Pub. L. 110–140, set out as a note under section 1824 of Title 2, The Congress.
42 U.S.C. § 17256 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 17256. University based research and development grant program
(a) Establishment
The Secretary, in consultation with other appropriate agencies, shall establish a university based research and development program to study carbon capture and sequestration using the various types of coal.
(b) Rural and agricultural institutions
The Secretary shall give special consideration to rural or agricultural based institutions in areas that have regional sources of coal and that offer interdisciplinary programs in the area of environmental science to study carbon capture and sequestration.
(c) Authorization of appropriations
There are to be authorized to be appropriated $10,000,000 to carry out this section.
(Pub. L. 110–140, title VII, § 708, Dec. 19, 2007, 121 Stat. 1710.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective on the date that is 1 day after Dec. 19, 2007, see section 1601 of Pub. L. 110–140, set out as a note under section 1824 of Title 2, The Congress.
42 U.S.C. § 17285 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 17285. Sense of Congress relating to the use of renewable resources to generate energy
(a) Findings
Congress finds that—
(1) the United States has a quantity of renewable energy resources that is sufficient to supply a significant portion of the energy needs of the United States;
(2) the agricultural, forestry, and working land of the United States can help ensure a sustainable domestic energy system;
(3) accelerated development and use of renewable energy technologies provide numerous benefits to the United States, including improved national security, improved balance of payments, healthier rural economies, improved environmental quality, and abundant, reliable, and affordable energy for all citizens of the United States;
(4) the production of transportation fuels from renewable energy would help the United States meet rapidly growing domestic and global energy demands, reduce the dependence of the United States on energy imported from volatile regions of the world that are politically unstable, stabilize the cost and availability of energy, and safeguard the economy and security of the United States;
(5) increased energy production from domestic renewable resources would attract substantial new investments in energy infrastructure, create economic growth, develop new jobs for the citizens of the United States, and increase the income for farm, ranch, and forestry jobs in the rural regions of the United States;
(6) increased use of renewable energy is practical and can be cost effective with the implementation of supportive policies and proper incentives to stimulate markets and infrastructure; and
(7) public policies aimed at enhancing renewable energy production and accelerating technological improvements will further reduce energy costs over time and increase market demand.
(b) Sense of Congress
It is the sense of Congress that it is the goal of the United States that, not later than January 1, 2025, the agricultural, forestry, and working land of the United States should—
(1) provide from renewable resources not less than 25 percent of the total energy consumed in the United States; and
(2) continue to produce safe, abundant, and affordable food, feed, and fiber.
(Pub. L. 110–140, title VIII, § 806, Dec. 19, 2007, 121 Stat. 1722.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective on the date that is 1 day after Dec. 19, 2007, see section 1601 of Pub. L. 110–140, set out as a note under section 1824 of Title 2, The Congress.