dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
38 U.S.C. § 1153 (VETERANS’ BENEFITS)
§ 1153. Aggravation
A preexisting injury or disease will be considered to have been aggravated by active military, naval, or air service, where there is an increase in disability during such service, unless there is a specific finding that the increase in disability is due to the natural progress of the disease.
(Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1124, § 353; renumbered § 1153, Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 406.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 1991—Pub. L. 102–83 renumbered section 353 of this title as this section.
38 U.S.C. § 1155 (VETERANS’ BENEFITS)
§ 1155. Authority for schedule for rating disabilities
The Secretary shall adopt and apply a schedule of ratings of reductions in earning capacity from specific injuries or combination of injuries. The ratings shall be based, as far as practicable, upon the average impairments of earning capacity resulting from such injuries in civil occupations. The schedule shall be constructed so as to provide ten grades of disability and no more, upon which payments of compensation shall be based, namely, 10 percent, 20 percent, 30 percent, 40 percent, 50 percent, 60 percent, 70 percent, 80 percent, 90 percent, and total, 100 percent. The Secretary shall from time to time readjust this schedule of ratings in accordance with experience. However, in no event shall such a readjustment in the rating schedule cause a veteran’s disability rating in effect on the effective date of the readjustment to be reduced unless an improvement in the veteran’s disability is shown to have occurred.
(Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1125, § 355; Pub. L. 98–223, title I, § 101(c), Mar. 2, 1984, 98 Stat. 38; renumbered § 1155 and amended Pub. L. 102–83, §§ 4(b)(1), (2)(E), 5(a), Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 404–406; Pub. L. 102–86, title I, § 103(a), Aug. 14, 1991, 105 Stat. 414.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 1991—Pub. L. 102–86 amended this section as in effect before the redesignations made by Pub. L. 102–83, § 5, by inserting at end “However, in no event shall such a readjustment in the rating schedule cause a veteran’s disability rating in effect on the effective date of the readjustment to be reduced unless an improvement in the veteran’s disability is shown to have occurred.”
Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), renumbered section 355 of this title as this section.
Pub. L. 102–83, § 4(b)(1), (2)(E), substituted “Secretary” for “Administrator” in two places.
1984—Pub. L. 98–223 substituted “percent” for “per centum” wherever appearing.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 1991 Amendment
text: Pub. L. 102–86, title I, § 103(b), Aug. 14, 1991, 105 Stat. 415, provided that: “The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply with regard to changes in rating schedules that take effect after the date of the enactment of this Act [Aug. 14, 1991].”
heading: Effective Date of 1984 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 98–223 effective Apr. 1, 1984, see section 107 of Pub. L. 98–223, set out as a note under section 1114 of this title.
38 U.S.C. § 1157 (VETERANS’ BENEFITS)
§ 1157. Combination of certain ratings
The Secretary shall provide for the combination of ratings and pay compensation at the rates prescribed in subchapter II of this chapter to those veterans who served during a period of war and during any other time, who have suffered disability in line of duty in each period of service.
(Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1125, § 357; renumbered § 1157 and amended Pub. L. 102–83, §§ 4(b)(1), (2)(E), 5(a), Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 404–406.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 1991—Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), renumbered section 357 of this title as this section.
Pub. L. 102–83, § 4(b)(1), (2)(E), substituted “Secretary” for “Administrator”.
38 U.S.C. § 1158 (VETERANS’ BENEFITS)
§ 1158. Disappearance
Where a veteran receiving compensation under this chapter disappears, the Secretary may pay the compensation otherwise payable to the veteran to such veteran’s spouse, children, and parents. Payments made to such spouse, child, or parent under the preceding sentence shall not exceed the amounts payable to each if the veteran had died from service-connected disability.
(Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1125, § 358; Pub. L. 86–212, Sept. 1, 1959, 73 Stat. 436; Pub. L. 94–433, title IV, § 404(21), Sept. 30, 1976, 90 Stat. 1379; renumbered § 1158 and amended Pub. L. 102–83, §§ 4(b)(1), (2)(E), 5(a), Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 404–406.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 1991—Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), renumbered section 358 of this title as this section.
Pub. L. 102–83, § 4(b)(1), (2)(E), substituted “Secretary” for “Administrator”.
1976—Pub. L. 94–433 struck out “, in his discretion,” after “Administrator” and substituted “such veteran’s spouse” for “his wife” and “such spouse” for “a wife”.
1959—Pub. L. 86–212 substituted “a veteran” for “an incompetent veteran”.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 1976 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 94–433 effective Oct. 1, 1976, see section 406 of Pub. L. 94–433, set out as a note under section 1101 of this title.
38 U.S.C. § 1159 (VETERANS’ BENEFITS)
§ 1159. Protection of service connection
Service connection for any disability or death granted under this title which has been in force for ten or more years shall not be severed on or after January 1, 1962, except upon a showing that the original grant of service connection was based on fraud or it is clearly shown from military records that the person concerned did not have the requisite service or character of discharge. The mentioned period shall be computed from the date determined by the Secretary as the date on which the status commenced for rating purposes.
(Added Pub. L. 86–501, § 1, June 10, 1960, 74 Stat. 195, § 359; amended Pub. L. 87–825, § 6, Oct. 15, 1962, 76 Stat. 950; renumbered § 1159 and amended Pub. L. 102–83, §§ 4(b)(1), (2)(E), 5(a), Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 404–406.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 1991—Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), renumbered section 359 of this title as this section.
Pub. L. 102–83, § 4(b)(1), (2)(E), substituted “Secretary” for “Administrator”.
1962—Pub. L. 87–825 provided for computation of the period from the date the administrator determines as the date the status commenced for rating purposes.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 1962 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 87–825 effective first day of second calendar month which begins after Oct. 15, 1962, see section 7 of Pub. L. 87–825, set out as a note under section 110 of this title.
38 U.S.C. § 1161 (VETERANS’ BENEFITS)
§ 1161. Payment of disability compensation in disability severance cases
The deduction of disability severance pay from disability compensation, to the extent required by section 1212(d) of title 10, shall be made at a monthly rate not in excess of the rate of compensation to which the former member would be entitled based on the degree of such former member’s disability as determined on the initial Department rating.
(Added Pub. L. 91–241, May 7, 1970, 84 Stat. 203, § 361; amended Pub. L. 94–433, title IV, § 404(23), Sept. 30, 1976, 90 Stat. 1379; Pub. L. 98–160, title VII, § 702(4), Nov. 21, 1983, 97 Stat. 1009; renumbered § 1161 and amended Pub. L. 102–83, §§ 4(a)(3), (4), 5(a), Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 404, 406; Pub. L. 110–181, div. A, title XVI, § 1646(c), as added Pub. L. 110–389, title I, § 103(a)(2), Oct. 10, 2008, 122 Stat. 4148.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2008—Pub. L. 110–181, § 1646(c), as added by Pub. L. 110–389, § 103(a)(2), substituted “to the extent required by section 1212(d) of title 10” for “as required by section 1212(c) of title 10”.
1991—Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), renumbered section 361 of this title as this section.
Pub. L. 102–83, § 4(a)(3), (4), substituted “Department” for “Veterans’ Administration”.
1983—Pub. L. 98–160 struck out “United States Code,” after “title 10,”.
1976—Pub. L. 94–433 substituted “such former member’s” for “his”.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 2008 Amendment
text: Pub. L. 110–389, title I, § 103(b), Oct. 10, 2008, 122 Stat. 4148, provided that: “The amendments made by subsection (a) [adding section 1646(c) to Pub. L. 110–181 and provisions set out as a note under section 1212 of Title 10, Armed Forces] shall take effect on January 28, 2008 (the date of the enactment of the Wounded Warrior Act [title XVI of Pub. L. 110–181]), as if included in that Act, to which they relate.”
Amendment by section 1646(c) of Pub. L. 110–181 effective Jan. 28, 2008, and applicable with respect to members of the Armed Forces separated from the Armed Forces under chapter 61 of title 10, United States Code, on or after that date, see section 1646(d) of Pub. L. 110–181, set out as a note under section 1212 of Title 10, Armed Forces.
heading: Effective Date of 1976 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 94–433 effective Oct. 1, 1976, see section 406 of Pub. L. 94–433, set out as a note under section 1101 of this title.
38 U.S.C. § 1301 (VETERANS’ BENEFITS)
§ 1301. Definitions
As used in this chapter—
The term “veteran” includes a person who died in the active military, naval, or air service.
(Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1126, § 401; Pub. L. 91–24, § 4(a), June 11, 1969, 83 Stat. 33; Pub. L. 91–96, § 5, Oct. 27, 1969, 83 Stat. 145; renumbered § 1301, Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 406.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 1991—Pub. L. 102–83 renumbered section 401 of this title as this section.
1969—Pub. L. 91–96 struck out par. (1) which defined “basic pay”.
Par. (1). Pub. L. 91–24 substituted “sections 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, or 207 of title 37” for “sections 232(a), 232(e), or 308 of Title 37”.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 1969 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 91–96 effective first day of second calendar month which begins after Oct. 27, 1969, see section 8 of Pub. L. 91–96, set out as a note under section 1302 of this title.
heading: Cost-of-Living Increases in Compensation Rates
text: For limitation on increases in dependency and indemnity compensation payable under this chapter, see section 8005 of Pub. L. 101–508, set out as a note under section 1101 of this title.
38 U.S.C. § 1303 (VETERANS’ BENEFITS)
§ 1303. Cost-of-living adjustments
(a) In the computation of cost-of-living adjustments for fiscal years 1998 through 2013 in the rates of dependency and indemnity compensation payable under this chapter, such adjustments (except as provided in subsection (b)) shall be made by a uniform percentage that is no more than the percentage equal to the social security increase for that fiscal year, with all increased monthly rates (other than increased rates equal to a whole dollar amount) rounded down to the next lower whole dollar amount.
(b) For purposes of this section, the term “social security increase” means the percentage by which benefit amounts payable under title II of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 401 et seq.) are increased for any fiscal year as a result of a determination under section 215(i) of such Act (42 U.S.C. 415(i)).
(Added Pub. L. 105–33, title VIII, § 8031(b)(1), Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 668; amended Pub. L. 107–103, title II, § 205, Dec. 27, 2001, 115 Stat. 990; Pub. L. 108–183, title VII, § 706, Dec. 16, 2003, 117 Stat. 2672.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: The Social Security Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, 49 Stat. 620, as amended. Title II of the Act is classified generally to subchapter II (§ 401 et seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1305 of Title 42 and Tables.
heading: Amendments
text: 2003—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 108–183 substituted “2013” for “2011”.
2001—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107–103 substituted “2011” for “2002”.
38 U.S.C. § 1304 (VETERANS’ BENEFITS)
§ 1304. Special provisions relating to surviving spouses
No dependency and indemnity compensation shall be paid to the surviving spouse of a veteran dying after December 31, 1956, unless such surviving spouse was married to such veteran—
(1) before the expiration of fifteen years after the termination of the period of service in which the injury or disease causing the death of the veteran was incurred or aggravated; or
(2) for one year or more; or
(3) for any period of time if a child was born of the marriage, or was born to them before the marriage.
(Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1127, § 404; Pub. L. 90–77, title I, § 101(a), Aug. 31, 1967, 81 Stat. 178; Pub. L. 94–433, title IV, § 405(4), (5), Sept. 30, 1976, 90 Stat. 1379; renumbered § 1304, Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 406.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 1991—Pub. L. 102–83 renumbered section 404 of this title as this section.
1976—Pub. L. 94–433, § 405(4), (5), substituted “surviving spouse”, “such surviving spouse”, and “such veteran” for “widow”, “she”, and “him”, respectively, in introductory clause and “surviving spouses” for “widows” in section catchline.
1967—Pub. L. 90–77 qualified widow of a veteran for receipt of compensation by reducing in par. (2) the requisite marriage period from five years to one year and by making her eligible for benefits in par. (3) in event of antenuptial birth.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 1976 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 94–433 effective Oct. 1, 1976, see section 406 of Pub. L. 94–433, set out as a note under section 1101 of this title.
heading: Effective Date of 1967 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 90–77 effective first day of first calendar month which begins more than ten days after Aug. 31, 1967, see section 405 of Pub. L. 90–77, set out as a note under section 101 of this title.
38 U.S.C. § 1321 (VETERANS’ BENEFITS)
§ 1321. Certifications with respect to pay grade
The Secretary concerned shall, at the request of the Secretary, certify to the Secretary the pay grade of deceased persons with respect to whose deaths applications for benefits are filed under this chapter. The certification of the Secretary concerned shall be binding upon the Secretary.
(Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1132, § 421; Pub. L. 91–96, § 4, Oct. 27, 1969, 83 Stat. 145; Pub. L. 94–433, title IV, § 405(17), Sept. 30, 1976, 90 Stat. 1380; renumbered § 1321 and amended Pub. L. 102–83, §§ 4(b)(1), (2)(E), 5(a), Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 404–406.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 1991—Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), renumbered section 421 of this title as this section.
Pub. L. 102–83, § 4(b)(1), (2)(E), substituted “Secretary, certify to the Secretary” for “Administrator, certify to the Administrator” and “upon the Secretary” for “upon the Administrator”.
1976—Pub. L. 94–433 substituted “to the Administrator” for “to him”.
1969—Pub. L. 91–96 substituted “Certifications with respect to pay grade” for “Certifications with respect to basic pay” in section catchline and substituted provisions authorizing certifications with respect to the pay grade of deceased persons for provisions authorizing certifications with respect to the basic pay of deceased persons, considering rank or grade and cumulative years of service for pay purposes, and struck out the provision requiring the adjustment of basic pay as determined by this chapter whenever basic pay (as defined under the former provisions of section 401 of this title) is adjusted.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 1976 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 94–433 effective Oct. 1, 1976, see section 406 of Pub. L. 94–433, set out as a note under section 1101 of this title.
heading: Effective Date of 1969 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 91–96 effective first day of second calendar month which begins after Oct. 27, 1969, see section 8 of Pub. L. 91–96, set out as a note under section 1302 of this title.
38 U.S.C. § 1323 (VETERANS’ BENEFITS)
§ 1323. Certifications with respect to circumstances of death
Whenever the Secretary determines on the basis of a claim for benefits filed with the Secretary that a death occurred under the circumstances referred to in section 1476(a) of title 10, the Secretary shall certify that fact to the Secretary concerned. In all other cases, the Secretary shall make the determination referred to in such section at the request of the Secretary concerned.
(Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1133, § 423; Pub. L. 94–433, title IV, § 405(19), Sept. 30, 1976, 90 Stat. 1380; Pub. L. 102–54, § 14(b)(4), June 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 283; renumbered § 1323 and amended Pub. L. 102–83, §§ 4(b)(1), (2)(E), (3)(A), 5(a), Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 404–406.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: Prior sections 1401, 1402, 1411 to 1419, 1421 to 1423, 1431 to 1436, and 1500 were renumbered sections 3001, 3002, 3011 to 3019, 3021 to 3023, 3031 to former 3036, and 3100 of this title, respectively.
heading: Amendments
text: 1991—Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), renumbered section 423 of this title as this section.
Pub. L. 102–83, § 4(b)(3)(A), substituted “Certifications with respect to circumstances of death” for “Certifications by Administrator” in section catchline.
Pub. L. 102–83, § 4(b)(1), (2)(E), substituted “Secretary determines” for “Administrator determines”, “Secretary that” for “Administrator that”, and in two places “Secretary shall” for “Administrator shall”.
Pub. L. 102–54 struck out “or section 321(b) of title 32,” after “title 10,” and “1476(a) or 321(b)” after “such section”.
1976—Pub. L. 94–433 substituted “with the Administrator” for “with him” and “the Administrator” for “he” before “shall certify” and “shall make”.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 1976 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 94–433 effective Oct. 1, 1976, see section 406 of Pub. L. 94–433, set out as a note under section 1101 of this title.
38 U.S.C. § 1504 (VETERANS’ BENEFITS)
§ 1504. Persons heretofore having a pensionable status
The pension benefits of subchapters II and III of this chapter shall, notwithstanding the service requirements of such subchapters, be granted to persons heretofore recognized by law as having a pensionable status.
(Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1134, § 504; renumbered § 1504, Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 406.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: Prior section 1504 was renumbered section 3104 of this title.
Another prior section 1504, Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1172; Pub. L. 89–137, § 1(a), Aug. 26, 1965, 79 Stat. 576; Pub. L. 90–431, July 26, 1968, 82 Stat. 447; Pub. L. 91–219, title I, § 101, Mar. 26, 1970, 84 Stat. 76; Pub. L. 92–540, title I, § 101(2), Oct. 24, 1972, 86 Stat. 1074; Pub. L. 93–508, title I, § 101(3), Dec. 3, 1974, 88 Stat. 1579; Pub. L. 93–602, title II, § 202, Jan. 2, 1975, 88 Stat. 1958; Pub. L. 94–502, title I, §§ 101, 104(4), Oct. 15, 1976, 90 Stat. 2383, 2384; Pub. L. 95–202, title I, § 101, Nov. 23, 1977, 91 Stat. 1433, related to subsistence allowances to be paid veterans while pursuing a course of vocational rehabilitation training under chapter 31 of this title, prior to repeal, effective Oct. 1, 1980, by Pub. L. 96–466, title VIII, § 802(a)(4), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2218. See section 3108 of this title.
heading: Amendments
text: 1991—Pub. L. 102–83 renumbered section 504 of this title as this section.
38 U.S.C. § 1507 (VETERANS’ BENEFITS)
§ 1507. Disappearance
Where a veteran receiving pension under subchapter II of this chapter disappears, the Secretary may pay the pension otherwise payable to such veteran’s spouse and children. In applying the provisions of this section, the Secretary may presume, without reports pursuant to section 1506(a) of this title, that the status of the veteran at the time of disappearance, with respect to permanent and total disability, income, and net worth, continues unchanged. Payments made to a spouse or child under this section shall not exceed the amount to which each would be entitled if the veteran died of a non-service-connected disability.
(Added Pub. L. 89–467, § 1(a), June 22, 1966, 80 Stat. 218, § 507; amended Pub. L. 94–169, title I, § 106(15), Dec. 23, 1975, 89 Stat. 1017; renumbered § 1507 and amended Pub. L. 102–83, §§ 4(b)(1), (2)(E), 5(a), (c)(1), Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 404–406.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: Prior section 1507 was renumbered section 3107 of this title.
Another prior section 1507, Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1173; Pub. L. 92–540, title I, § 101(3), Oct. 24, 1972, 86 Stat. 1074; Pub. L. 94–502, title I, § 104(6), Oct. 15, 1976, 90 Stat. 2384, related to loans to trainees commencing or undertaking courses of vocational rehabilitation under chapter 31 of this title, prior to repeal, effective Oct. 1, 1980, by Pub. L. 96–466, title VIII, § 802(a)(4), Oct. 17, 1980, 94 Stat. 2218. See section 3112 of this title.
heading: Amendments
text: 1991—Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), renumbered section 507 of this title as this section.
Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(c)(1), substituted “1506(a)” for “506(a)”.
Pub. L. 102–83, § 4(b)(1), (2)(E), substituted “Secretary” for “Administrator” in two places.
1975—Pub. L. 94–169 struck out “in his discretion” after “Administrator” and substituted “payable to such veteran’s spouse” for “payable to his wife,” and “made to a spouse” for “made to a wife”.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 1975 Amendment
text: Pub. L. 94–169, title I, § 106, Dec. 23, 1975, 89 Stat. 1017, provided that the amendment made by that section is effective Jan. 1, 1976.
38 U.S.C. § 1510 (VETERANS’ BENEFITS)
[§ 1510. Vacant]
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Prior to renumbering of sections 501 to 543 of this chapter as sections 1501 to 1543 by Pub. L. 102–83, § 5(a), Aug. 6, 1991, 105 Stat. 406, section 510 of this chapter, Pub. L. 85–857, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1135, which provided monthly pension for persons who served in military or naval forces of Confederate States of America, was repealed by Pub. L. 94–169, title I, § 101(2)(F), Dec. 23, 1975, 89 Stat. 1014, effective Jan. 1, 1976.
38 U.S.C. § 1513 (VETERANS’ BENEFITS)
§ 1513. Veterans 65 years of age and older
(a) The Secretary shall pay to each veteran of a period of war who is 65 years of age or older and who meets the service requirements of section 1521 of this title (as prescribed in subsection (j) of that section) pension at the rates prescribed by section 1521 of this title and under the conditions (other than the permanent and total disability requirement) applicable to pension paid under that section.
(b) If a veteran is eligible for pension under both this section and section 1521 of this title, pension shall be paid to the veteran only under section 1521 of this title.
(Added Pub. L. 107–103, title II, § 207(a)(1), Dec. 27, 2001, 115 Stat. 991; amended Pub. L. 109–233, title V, § 503(2), June 15, 2006, 120 Stat. 416.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: Prior sections 1513 to 1520 were renumbered sections 3113 to 3120 of this title, respectively.
heading: Amendments
text: 2006—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–233 inserted “section” after “prescribed by”.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Pub. L. 107–103, title II, § 207(c), Dec. 27, 2001, 115 Stat. 991, provided that: “The amendments made by this section [enacting this section and amending sections 1521 and 1522 of this title] shall take effect as of September 17, 2001.”