1 U.S.C. § 112b (GENERAL PROVISIONS)
§ 112b. United States international agreements; transmission to Congress
(a) The Secretary of State shall transmit to the Congress the text of any international agreement (including the text of any oral international agreement, which agreement shall be reduced to writing), other than a treaty, to which the United States is a party as soon as practicable after such agreement has entered into force with respect to the United States but in no event later than sixty days thereafter. However, any such agreement the immediate public disclosure of which would, in the opinion of the President, be prejudicial to the national security of the United States shall not be so transmitted to the Congress but shall be transmitted to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on International Relations of the House of Representatives under an appropriate injunction of secrecy to be removed only upon due notice from the President. Any department or agency of the United States Government which enters into any international agreement on behalf of the United States shall transmit to the Department of State the text of such agreement not later than twenty days after such agreement has been signed.
(b) Not later than March 1, 1979, and at yearly intervals thereafter, the President shall, under his own signature, transmit to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report with respect to each international agreement which, during the preceding year, was transmitted to the Congress after the expiration of the 60-day period referred to in the first sentence of subsection (a), describing fully and completely the reasons for the late transmittal.
(c) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an international agreement may not be signed or otherwise concluded on behalf of the United States without prior consultation with the Secretary of State. Such consultation may encompass a class of agreements rather than a particular agreement.
(d)
(1) The Secretary of State shall annually submit to Congress a report that contains an index of all international agreements, listed by country, date, title, and summary of each such agreement (including a description of the duration of activities under the agreement and the agreement itself), that the United States—
(A) has signed, proclaimed, or with reference to which any other final formality has been executed, or that has been extended or otherwise modified, during the preceding calendar year; and
(B) has not been published, or is not proposed to be published, in the compilation entitled “United States Treaties and Other International Agreements”.
(2) The report described in paragraph (1) may be submitted in classified form.
(e)
(1) Subject to paragraph (2), the Secretary of State shall determine for and within the executive branch whether an arrangement constitutes an international agreement within the meaning of this section.
(2)
(A) An arrangement shall constitute an international agreement within the meaning of this section (other than subsection (c)) irrespective of the duration of activities under the arrangement or the arrangement itself.
(B) Arrangements that constitute an international agreement within the meaning of this section (other than subsection (c)) include the following:
(i) A bilateral or multilateral counterterrorism agreement.
(ii) A bilateral agreement with a country that is subject to a determination under section 6(j)(1)(A) 1 of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2405(j)(1)(A)), section 620A(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2371(a)), or section 40(d) of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2780(d)).
(f) The President shall, through the Secretary of State, promulgate such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out this section.
(g) It is the sense of Congress that the executive branch should not prescribe or otherwise commit to or include specific legislative text in a treaty or executive agreement unless Congress has authorized such action.
(Added Pub. L. 92–403, § 1, Aug. 22, 1972, 86 Stat. 619; amended Pub. L. 95–45, § 5, June 15, 1977, 91 Stat. 224; Pub. L. 95–426, title VII, § 708, Oct. 7, 1978, 92 Stat. 993; Pub. L. 103–437, § 1, Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4581; Pub. L. 108–458, title VII, § 7121(b)–(d), Dec. 17, 2004, 118 Stat. 3807, 3808; Pub. L. 116–260, div. FF, title XVII, § 1708(b), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 3298.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: Section 6(j)(1)(A) of the Export Administration Act of 1979, referred to in subsec. (e)(2)(B)(ii), which was classified to section 2405(j)(1)(A) of the former Appendix to Title 50, War and National Defense, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as section 4605(j)(1)(A) of Title 50, was repealed by Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1766(a), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 2232.
heading: Amendments
text: 2020—Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 116–260 added subsec. (g).
2004—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 108–458, § 7121(b), substituted “Committee on International Relations” for “Committee on Foreign Affairs”.
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 108–458, § 7121(c), added subsec. (d). Former subsec. (d) redesignated (e).
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 108–458, § 7121(d), designated existing provisions as par. (1), substituted “Subject to paragraph (2), the Secretary of State” for “The Secretary of State”, and added par. (2).
Pub. L. 108–458, § 7121(c)(1), redesignated subsec. (d) as (e). Former subsec. (e) redesignated (f).
Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 108–458, § 7121(c)(1), redesignated subsec. (e) as (f).
1994—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–437 substituted “Committee on Foreign Affairs” for “Committee on International Relations”.
1978—Pub. L. 95–426 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), inserted “(including the text of any oral international agreement, which agreement shall be reduced to writing)”, and added subsecs. (b) to (e).
1977—Pub. L. 95–45 substituted “Committee on International Relations of the House of Representatives” for “Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives” and inserted requirement that any department or agency of the United States Government which enters into any international agreement on behalf of the United States transmit to the Department of State the text of such agreement not later than twenty days after the agreement has been signed.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Change of Name
text: Committee on International Relations of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Foreign Affairs of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Tenth Congress, Jan. 5, 2007.
heading: Short Title
text: This section is popularly known as the Case-Zablocki Act.
heading: Termination of Reporting Requirements
text: For termination, effective May 15, 2000, of provisions of law requiring submittal to Congress of any annual, semiannual, or other regular periodic report listed in House Document No. 103–7 (in which the report required by subsec. (b) of this section is listed on page 38), see section 3003 of Pub. L. 104–66, as amended, set out as a note under section 1113 of Title 31, Money and Finance.
heading: Enforcement
text: Pub. L. 100–204, title I, § 139, Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1347, as amended by Pub. L. 108–458, title VII, § 7121(e), Dec. 17, 2004, 118 Stat. 3808, provided that:
“(a) Restriction on Use of Funds.—
If any international agreement, whose text is required to be transmitted to the Congress pursuant to the first sentence of subsection (a) of section 112b of title 1, United States Code (commonly referred to as the ‘Case-Zablocki Act’), is not so transmitted within the 60-day period specified in that sentence, then no funds authorized to be appropriated by this or any other Act shall be available after the end of that 60-day period to implement that agreement until the text of that agreement has been so transmitted.
“(b) Effective Date.—
Subsection (a) shall take effect 60 days after the date of enactment of the 911 [probably means 9/11] Commission Implementation Act of 2004 [Dec. 17, 2004] and shall apply during fiscal years 2005, 2006, and 2007.”