dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
29 U.S.C. § 2108 (LABOR)
§ 2108. Effect on other laws
The giving of notice pursuant to this chapter, if done in good faith compliance with this chapter, shall not constitute a violation of the National Labor Relations Act [29 U.S.C. 151 et seq.] or the Railway Labor Act [45 U.S.C. 151 et seq.].
(Pub. L. 100–379, § 9, Aug. 4, 1988, 102 Stat. 894.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: The National Labor Relations Act, referred to in text, is act July 5, 1935, ch. 372, 49 Stat. 452, as amended, which is classified generally to subchapter II (§ 151 et seq.) of chapter 7 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 167 of this title and Tables.
The Railway Labor Act, referred to in text, is act May 20, 1926, ch. 347, 44 Stat. 577, as amended, which is classified principally to chapter 8 (§ 151 et seq.) of Title 45, Railroads. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 151 of Title 45 and Tables.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective 6 months after Aug. 4, 1988, see section 11 of Pub. L. 100–379, set out as a note under section 2101 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 2109 (LABOR)
§ 2109. Report on employment and international competitiveness
Two years after August 4, 1988, the Comptroller General shall submit to the Committee on Small Business of both the House and Senate, the Committee on Labor and Human Resources, and the Committee on Education and Labor a report containing a detailed and objective analysis of the effect of this chapter on employers (especially small- and medium-sized businesses), the economy (international competitiveness), and employees (in terms of levels and conditions of employment). The Comptroller General shall assess both costs and benefits, including the effect on productivity, competitiveness, unemployment rates and compensation, and worker retraining and readjustment.
(Pub. L. 100–379, § 10, Aug. 4, 1988, 102 Stat. 894.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Change of Name
text: Committee on Small Business of Senate changed to Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship of Senate. See Senate Resolution No. 123, One Hundred Seventh Congress, June 29, 2001.
Committee on Labor and Human Resources of Senate changed to Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of Senate by Senate Resolution No. 20, One Hundred Sixth Congress, Jan. 19, 1999.
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective 6 months after Aug. 4, 1988, see section 11 of Pub. L. 100–379, set out as a note under section 2101 of this title.
(LABOR)
§§ 2201, 2202. Repealed. Pub. L. 105–394, title IV, § 401, Nov. 13, 1998, 112 Stat. 3661
text: Section 2201, Pub. L. 100–407, § 2, Aug. 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 1044; Pub. L. 103–218, § 3, Mar. 9, 1994, 108 Stat. 51, related to findings, purposes, and policy.
text: Section 2202, Pub. L. 100–407, § 3, Aug. 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 1046; Pub. L. 103–218, § 4, Mar. 9, 1994, 108 Stat. 54; Pub. L. 105–244, title I, § 102(a)(9)(B), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1620, related to definitions.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Short Title
text: Pub. L. 100–407, § 1, Aug. 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 1044, provided that Pub. L. 100–407 could be cited as the “Technology-Related Assistance for Individuals With Disabilities Act of 1988”, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–394, title IV, § 401, Nov. 13, 1998, 112 Stat. 3661.
29 U.S.C. § 2301...2314 (LABOR)
§§ 2301 to 2314. Repealed. Pub. L. 105–220, title I, § 199(a)(3), Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1059
text: Section 2301, Pub. L. 101–554, § 2, Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2751, stated findings of Congress and purpose of chapter.
text: Section 2302, Pub. L. 101–554, § 3, Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2751, defined terms used in chapter.
text: Section 2303, Pub. L. 101–554, § 4, Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2752, authorized grant program.
text: Section 2304, Pub. L. 101–554, § 5, Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2753, related to application and priority for competitive grants.
text: Section 2305, Pub. L. 101–554, § 6, Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2753, related to use of competitive grant funds.
text: Section 2306, Pub. L. 101–554, § 7, Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2753, related to allocation of assistance to States.
text: Section 2307, Pub. L. 101–554, § 8, Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2754, related to State plans.
text: Section 2308, Pub. L. 101–554, § 9, Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2755, related to State administration.
text: Section 2309, Pub. L. 101–554, § 10, Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2755, related to use of funds.
text: Section 2310, Pub. L. 101–554, § 11, Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2756, related to within State allocation.
text: Section 2311, Pub. L. 101–554, § 12, Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2756, related to eligible service providers.
text: Section 2312, Pub. L. 101–554, § 13, Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2756, related to national activities.
text: Section 2313, Pub. L. 101–554, § 14, Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2757, contained administrative provisions.
text: Section 2314, Pub. L. 101–554, § 15, Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2757, authorized appropriations.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of Repeal
text: Pub. L. 105–220, title I, § 199(c)(1), Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1059, which provided that the repeals made by subsection (a) (repealing sections 2301 to 2314 of this title, section 211 of former Title 40, Appendix, Public Buildings, Property, and Works, sections 11441 to 11447, 11449, and 11450 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, and sections 42101 to 42106 of Title 49, Transportation, and repealing provisions set out as notes below and under section 1255a of Title 8, Aliens and Nationality) would take effect on Aug. 7, 1998, was repealed by Pub. L. 113–128, title V, § 511(a), July 22, 2014, 128 Stat. 1705.
heading: Short Title
text: Pub. L. 101–554, § 1, Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2751, provided that Pub. L. 101–554, which enacted this chapter, could be cited as the “Displaced Homemakers Self-Sufficiency Assistance Act”, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–220, title I, § 199(a)(3), Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1059.
29 U.S.C. § 2501 (LABOR)
§ 2501. Findings; statement of purpose
(a) Findings
The Congress finds that—
(1) American businesses now and for the remainder of the 20th century will face a dramatically different labor market than the one to which they have become accustomed;
(2) two in every three new entrants to the work force will be women, and to meet labor needs such women must work in all occupational areas including in apprenticeable occupations and nontraditional occupations;
(3) women face significant barriers to their full and effective participation in apprenticeable occupations and nontraditional occupations;
(4) the business community must be prepared to address the barriers that women have to such jobs, in order to successfully integrate them into the work force; and
(5) few resources are available to employers and unions who need assistance in recruiting, training, and retaining women in apprenticeable occupations and other nontraditional occupations.
(b) Purpose
It is the purpose of this chapter to provide technical assistance to employers and labor unions to encourage employment of women in apprenticeable occupations and nontraditional occupations. Such assistance will enable business to meet the challenge of Workforce 2000 by preparing employers to successfully recruit, train, and retain women in apprenticeable occupations and nontraditional occupations and will expand the employment and self-sufficiency options of women. This purpose will be achieved by—
(1) promoting the program to employers and labor unions to inform them of the availability of technical assistance which will assist them in preparing the workplace to employ women in apprenticeable occupations and nontraditional occupations;
(2) providing grants to community-based organizations to deliver technical assistance to employers and labor unions to prepare them to recruit, train, and employ women in apprenticeable occupations and nontraditional occupations;
(3) authorizing the Department of Labor to serve as a liaison between employers, labor, and the community-based organizations providing technical assistance, through its national office and its regional administrators; and
(4) conducting a comprehensive study to examine the barriers to the participation of women in apprenticeable occupations and nontraditional occupations and to develop recommendations for the workplace to eliminate such barriers.
(Pub. L. 102–530, § 2, Oct. 27, 1992, 106 Stat. 3465.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Short Title
text: Pub. L. 102–530, § 1, Oct. 27, 1992, 106 Stat. 3465, provided that: “This Act [enacting this chapter] shall be cited as the ‘Women in Apprenticeship and Nontraditional Occupations Act’.”
29 U.S.C. § 2508 (LABOR)
§ 2508. Definitions
For purposes of this chapter:
(1) The term “community-based organization” means a community-based organization as defined in section 4(5) of the Job Training Partnership Act (29 U.S.C. 1501(5)),1 that has demonstrated experience administering programs that train women for apprenticeable occupations or other nontraditional occupations.
(2) The term “nontraditional occupation” means jobs in which women make up 25 percent or less of the total number of workers in that occupation.
(3) The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Labor.
(Pub. L. 102–530, § 9, Oct. 27, 1992, 106 Stat. 3468.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: Section 4(5) of the Job Training Partnership Act (29 U.S.C. 1501(5)), referred to in par. (1), was classified to section 1503(5) of this title and was repealed by Pub. L. 105–220, title I, § 199(b)(2), (c)(2)(B), Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1059, effective July 1, 2000. Pursuant to former section 2940(b) of this title, references to a provision of the Job Training Partnership Act, effective Aug. 7, 1998, were deemed to refer to that provision or the corresponding provision of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998, Pub. L. 105–220, Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 936, and, effective July 1, 2000, were deemed to refer to the corresponding provision of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998. The Workforce Investment Act of 1998 was repealed by Pub. L. 113–128, title V, §§ 506, 511(a), July 22, 2014, 128 Stat. 1703, 1705, effective July 1, 2015. Pursuant to section 3361(a) of this title, references to a provision of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998 are deemed to refer to the corresponding provision of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act, Pub. L. 113–128, July 22, 2014, 128 Stat. 1425, effective July 1, 2015. For complete classification of the Job Training Partnership Act and the Workforce Investment Act of 1998 to the Code, see Tables. For complete classification of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3101 of this title and Tables.
29 U.S.C. § 2615 (LABOR)
§ 2615. Prohibited acts
(a) Interference with rights
(1) Exercise of rights
It shall be unlawful for any employer to interfere with, restrain, or deny the exercise of or the attempt to exercise, any right provided under this subchapter.
(2) Discrimination
It shall be unlawful for any employer to discharge or in any other manner discriminate against any individual for opposing any practice made unlawful by this subchapter.
(b) Interference with proceedings or inquiries
It shall be unlawful for any person to discharge or in any other manner discriminate against any individual because such individual—
(1) has filed any charge, or has instituted or caused to be instituted any proceeding, under or related to this subchapter;
(2) has given, or is about to give, any information in connection with any inquiry or proceeding relating to any right provided under this subchapter; or
(3) has testified, or is about to testify, in any inquiry or proceeding relating to any right provided under this subchapter.
(Pub. L. 103–3, title I, § 105, Feb. 5, 1993, 107 Stat. 14.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective 6 months after Feb. 5, 1993, except that, in the case of collective bargaining agreements in effect on that effective date, section applicable on the earlier of (1) the date of termination of such agreement, or (2) the date that occurs 12 months after Feb. 5, 1993, see section 405(b) of Pub. L. 103–3, set out as a note under section 2601 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 2616 (LABOR)
§ 2616. Investigative authority
(a) In general
To ensure compliance with the provisions of this subchapter, or any regulation or order issued under this subchapter, the Secretary shall have, subject to subsection (c), the investigative authority provided under section 211(a) of this title.
(b) Obligation to keep and preserve records
Any employer shall make, keep, and preserve records pertaining to compliance with this subchapter in accordance with section 211(c) of this title and in accordance with regulations issued by the Secretary.
(c) Required submissions generally limited to annual basis
The Secretary shall not under the authority of this section require any employer or any plan, fund, or program to submit to the Secretary any books or records more than once during any 12-month period, unless the Secretary has reasonable cause to believe there may exist a violation of this subchapter or any regulation or order issued pursuant to this subchapter, or is investigating a charge pursuant to section 2617(b) of this title.
(d) Subpoena powers
For the purposes of any investigation provided for in this section, the Secretary shall have the subpoena authority provided for under section 209 of this title.
(Pub. L. 103–3, title I, § 106, Feb. 5, 1993, 107 Stat. 15.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective 6 months after Feb. 5, 1993, except that, in the case of collective bargaining agreements in effect on that effective date, section applicable on the earlier of (1) the date of termination of such agreement, or (2) the date that occurs 12 months after Feb. 5, 1993, see section 405(b) of Pub. L. 103–3, set out as a note under section 2601 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 2619 (LABOR)
§ 2619. Notice
(a) In general
Each employer shall post and keep posted, in conspicuous places on the premises of the employer where notices to employees and applicants for employment are customarily posted, a notice, to be prepared or approved by the Secretary, setting forth excerpts from, or summaries of, the pertinent provisions of this subchapter and information pertaining to the filing of a charge.
(b) Penalty
Any employer that willfully violates this section may be assessed a civil money penalty not to exceed $100 for each separate offense.
(Pub. L. 103–3, title I, § 109, Feb. 5, 1993, 107 Stat. 19.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective 6 months after Feb. 5, 1993, except that, in the case of collective bargaining agreements in effect on that effective date, section applicable on the earlier of (1) the date of termination of such agreement, or (2) the date that occurs 12 months after Feb. 5, 1993, see section 405(b) of Pub. L. 103–3, set out as a note under section 2601 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 2632 (LABOR)
§ 2632. Duties
The Commission shall—
(1) conduct a comprehensive study of—
(A) existing and proposed mandatory and voluntary policies relating to family and temporary medical leave, including policies provided by employers not covered under this Act;
(B) the potential costs, benefits, and impact on productivity, job creation and business growth of such policies on employers and employees;
(C) possible differences in costs, benefits, and impact on productivity, job creation and business growth of such policies on employers based on business type and size;
(D) the impact of family and medical leave policies on the availability of employee benefits provided by employers, including employers not covered under this Act;
(E) alternate and equivalent State enforcement of subchapter I with respect to employees described in section 2618(a) of this title;
(F) methods used by employers to reduce administrative costs of implementing family and medical leave policies;
(G) the ability of the employers to recover, under section 2614(c)(2) of this title, the premiums described in such section; and
(H) the impact on employers and employees of policies that provide temporary wage replacement during periods of family and medical leave.
(2) not later than 2 years after the date on which the Commission first meets, prepare and submit, to the appropriate Committees of Congress, a report concerning the subjects listed in paragraph (1).
(Pub. L. 103–3, title III, § 302, Feb. 5, 1993, 107 Stat. 23.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This Act, referred to in par. (1)(A), (D), is Pub. L. 103–3, Feb. 5, 1993, 107 Stat. 6, known as the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993, which enacted this chapter, sections 60m and 60n of Title 2, The Congress, and sections 6381 to 6387 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, amended section 2105 of Title 5, and enacted provisions set out as notes under section 2601 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2601 of this title and Tables.
29 U.S.C. § 2651 (LABOR)
§ 2651. Effect on other laws
(a) Federal and State antidiscrimination laws
Nothing in this Act or any amendment made by this Act shall be construed to modify or affect any Federal or State law prohibiting discrimination on the basis of race, religion, color, national origin, sex, age, or disability.
(b) State and local laws
Nothing in this Act or any amendment made by this Act shall be construed to supersede any provision of any State or local law that provides greater family or medical leave rights than the rights established under this Act or any amendment made by this Act.
(Pub. L. 103–3, title IV, § 401, Feb. 5, 1993, 107 Stat. 26.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 103–3, Feb. 5, 1993, 107 Stat. 6, known as the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993, which enacted this chapter, sections 60m and 60n of Title 2, The Congress, and sections 6381 to 6387 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, amended section 2105 of Title 5, and enacted provisions set out as notes under section 2601 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2601 of this title and Tables.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective 6 months after Feb. 5, 1993, see section 405(b)(1) of Pub. L. 103–3, set out as a note under section 2601 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 2652 (LABOR)
§ 2652. Effect on existing employment benefits
(a) More protective
Nothing in this Act or any amendment made by this Act shall be construed to diminish the obligation of an employer to comply with any collective bargaining agreement or any employment benefit program or plan that provides greater family or medical leave rights to employees than the rights established under this Act or any amendment made by this Act.
(b) Less protective
The rights established for employees under this Act or any amendment made by this Act shall not be diminished by any collective bargaining agreement or any employment benefit program or plan.
(Pub. L. 103–3, title IV, § 402, Feb. 5, 1993, 107 Stat. 26.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 103–3, Feb. 5, 1993, 107 Stat. 6, known as the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993, which enacted this chapter, sections 60m and 60n of Title 2, The Congress, and sections 6381 to 6387 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, amended section 2105 of Title 5, and enacted provisions set out as notes under section 2601 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2601 of this title and Tables.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective 6 months after Feb. 5, 1993, see section 405(b)(1) of Pub. L. 103–3, set out as a note under section 2601 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 2653 (LABOR)
§ 2653. Encouragement of more generous leave policies
Nothing in this Act or any amendment made by this Act shall be construed to discourage employers from adopting or retaining leave policies more generous than any policies that comply with the requirements under this Act or any amendment made by this Act.
(Pub. L. 103–3, title IV, § 403, Feb. 5, 1993, 107 Stat. 26.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 103–3, Feb. 5, 1993, 107 Stat. 6, known as the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993, which enacted this chapter, sections 60m and 60n of Title 2, The Congress, and sections 6381 to 6387 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, amended section 2105 of Title 5, and enacted provisions set out as notes under section 2601 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2601 of this title and Tables.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective 6 months after Feb. 5, 1993, see section 405(b)(1) of Pub. L. 103–3, set out as a note under section 2601 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 2654 (LABOR)
§ 2654. Regulations
The Secretary of Labor shall prescribe such regulations as are necessary to carry out subchapter I and this subchapter not later than 120 days after February 5, 1993.
(Pub. L. 103–3, title IV, § 404, Feb. 5, 1993, 107 Stat. 26.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective 6 months after Feb. 5, 1993, see section 405(b)(1) of Pub. L. 103–3, set out as a note under section 2601 of this title.
29 U.S.C. § 2801 (LABOR)
§ 2801. Repealed. Pub. L. 113–128, title V, § 511(a), July 22, 2014, 128 Stat. 1705
text: Section, Pub. L. 105–220, title I, § 101, Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 939; Pub. L. 105–244, title I, § 102(d)(1), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1622; Pub. L. 105–332, § 3(f), Oct. 31, 1998, 112 Stat. 3126; Pub. L. 106–400, § 2, Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1675; Pub. L. 107–110, title X, § 1076(w), Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 2093; Pub. L. 109–270, § 2(h)(1), (2), Aug. 12, 2006, 120 Stat. 747; Pub. L. 110–234, title IV, § 4002(b)(1)(B), (E), (2)(R), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1096, 1097; Pub. L. 110–246, § 4(a), title IV, § 4002(b)(1)(B), (E), (2)(R), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1857, 1858, defined terms. See section 3102 of this title.
text: Provisions similar to those formerly contained in this section were contained in section 1503 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 105–220.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of Repeal
text: Repeal effective on the first day of the first full program year after July 22, 2014 (July 1, 2015), see section 506 of Pub. L. 113–128, set out as an Effective Date note under section 3101 of this title.
heading: Short Title of 2007 Amendment
text: Pub. L. 110–140, title X, § 1001, Dec. 19, 2007, 121 Stat. 1748, provided that: “This title [amending section 2916 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Green Jobs Act of 2007’.”
heading: Short Title of 2006 Amendment
text: Pub. L. 109–281, § 1, Sept. 22, 2006, 120 Stat. 1173, provided that: “This Act [enacting section 2918a of this title, amending section 2939 of this title, section 1701u of Title 12, Banks and Banking, section 4183 of Title 25, Indians, and section 12870 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, repealing sections 12899 to 12899i of Title 42, and enacting provisions set out as notes under section 2918a of this title and section 1701u of Title 12] may be cited as the ‘YouthBuild Transfer Act’.”