dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
25 U.S.C. § 2718 (INDIANS)
§ 2718. Authorization of appropriations
(a) Subject to section 2717 of this title, there are authorized to be appropriated, for fiscal year 1998, and for each fiscal year thereafter, an amount equal to the amount of funds derived from the assessments authorized by section 2717(a) of this title.
(b) Notwithstanding section 2717 of this title, there are authorized to be appropriated to fund the operation of the Commission, $2,000,000 for fiscal year 1998, and $2,000,000 for each fiscal year thereafter. The amounts authorized to be appropriated in the preceding sentence shall be in addition to the amounts authorized to be appropriated under subsection (a).
(Pub. L. 100–497, § 19, Oct. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 2485; Pub. L. 102–238, § 2(b), Dec. 17, 1991, 105 Stat. 1908; Pub. L. 105–83, title I, § 123(b), Nov. 14, 1997, 111 Stat. 1566; Pub. L. 105–119, title VI, § 627, Nov. 26, 1997, 111 Stat. 2522.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 1997—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 105–119 amended subsec. (a) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (a) read as follows: “Subject to the provisions of section 2717 of this title, there are hereby authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 1998, and for each fiscal year thereafter, an amount equal to the amount of funds derived from the assessments authorized by section 2717(a) of this title for the fiscal year immediately preceding the fiscal year involved, for the operation of the Commission.”
Pub. L. 105–83, § 123(b)(1), substituted “for fiscal year 1998, and for each fiscal year thereafter, an amount equal to the amount of funds derived from the assessments authorized by section 2717(a) of this title for the fiscal year immediately preceding the fiscal year involved,” for “such sums as may be necessary”.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 105–83, § 123(b)(2), added subsec. (b) and struck out former subsec. (b) which read as follows: “Notwithstanding the provisions of section 2717 of this title, there are hereby authorized to be appropriated not to exceed $2,000,000 to fund the operation of the Commission for each of the fiscal years beginning October 1, 1988, and October 1, 1989. Notwithstanding the provisions of section 2717 of this title, there are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to fund the operation of the Commission for each of the fiscal years beginning October 1, 1991, and October 1, 1992.”
1991—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 102–238 inserted at end “Notwithstanding the provisions of section 2717 of this title, there are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to fund the operation of the Commission for each of the fiscal years beginning October 1, 1991, and October 1, 1992.”
25 U.S.C. § 2720 (INDIANS)
§ 2720. Dissemination of information
Consistent with the requirements of this chapter, sections 1301, 1302, 1303 and 1304 of title 18 shall not apply to any gaming conducted by an Indian tribe pursuant to this chapter.
(Pub. L. 100–497, § 21, Oct. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 2486.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 100–497, Oct. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 2467, known as the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2701 of this title and Tables.
25 U.S.C. § 2721 (INDIANS)
§ 2721. Severability
In the event that any section or provision of this chapter, or amendment made by this chapter, is held invalid, it is the intent of Congress that the remaining sections or provisions of this chapter, and amendments made by this chapter, shall continue in full force and effect.
(Pub. L. 100–497, § 22, Oct. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 2486.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 100–497, Oct. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 2467, known as the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2701 of this title and Tables.
25 U.S.C. § 2805 (INDIANS)
§ 2805. Regulations
After consultation with the Attorney General of the United States, the Secretary may prescribe under this chapter regulations relating to the enforcement of criminal laws of the United States and regulations relating to the consideration of applications for contracts awarded under the Indian Self-Determination Act [25 U.S.C. 5321 et seq.] to perform the functions of the Branch of Criminal Investigations.
(Pub. L. 101–379, § 6, Aug. 18, 1990, 104 Stat. 476.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: The Indian Self-Determination Act, referred to in text, is title I of Pub. L. 93–638, Jan. 4, 1975, 88 Stat. 2206, which is classified principally to subchapter I (§ 5321 et seq.) of chapter 46 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 5301 of this title and Tables.
25 U.S.C. § 2815 (INDIANS)
§ 2815. State, tribal, and local law enforcement cooperation
The Attorney General may provide technical and other assistance to State, tribal, and local governments that enter into cooperative agreements, including agreements relating to mutual aid, hot pursuit of suspects, and cross-deputization for the purposes of—
(1) improving law enforcement effectiveness;
(2) reducing crime in Indian country and nearby communities; and
(3) developing successful cooperative relationships that effectively combat crime in Indian country and nearby communities.
(Pub. L. 111–211, title II, § 222, July 29, 2010, 124 Stat. 2272.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the Tribal Law and Order Act of 2010, and not as part of the Indian Law Enforcement Reform Act which comprises this chapter.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Definitions
text: For definitions of terms used in this section, see section 203(a) of Pub. L. 111–211, set out as a note under section 2801 of this title.
25 U.S.C. § 2901 (INDIANS)
§ 2901. Findings
The Congress finds that—
(1) the status of the cultures and languages of Native Americans is unique and the United States has the responsibility to act together with Native Americans to ensure the survival of these unique cultures and languages;
(2) special status is accorded Native Americans in the United States, a status that recognizes distinct cultural and political rights, including the right to continue separate identities;
(3) the traditional languages of Native Americans are an integral part of their cultures and identities and form the basic medium for the transmission, and thus survival, of Native American cultures, literatures, histories, religions, political institutions, and values;
(4) there is a widespread practice of treating Native Americans 1 languages as if they were anachronisms;
(5) there is a lack of clear, comprehensive, and consistent Federal policy on treatment of Native American languages which has often resulted in acts of suppression and extermination of Native American languages and cultures;
(6) there is convincing evidence that student achievement and performance, community and school pride, and educational opportunity is clearly and directly tied to respect for, and support of, the first language of the child or student;
(7) it is clearly in the interests of the United States, individual States, and territories to encourage the full academic and human potential achievements of all students and citizens and to take steps to realize these ends;
(8) acts of suppression and extermination directed against Native American languages and cultures are in conflict with the United States policy of self-determination for Native Americans;
(9) languages are the means of communication for the full range of human experiences and are critical to the survival of cultural and political integrity of any people; and
(10) language provides a direct and powerful means of promoting international communication by people who share languages.
(Pub. L. 101–477, title I, § 102, Oct. 30, 1990, 104 Stat. 1153.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Short Title
text: Pub. L. 101–477, title I, § 101, Oct. 30, 1990, 104 Stat. 1153, provided that: “This title [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Native American Languages Act’.”
25 U.S.C. § 2902 (INDIANS)
§ 2902. Definitions
For purposes of this chapter—
(1) The term “Native American” means an Indian, Native Hawaiian, or Native American Pacific Islander.
(2) The term “Indian” has the meaning given to such term under section 7491(3) of title 20.
(3) The term “Native Hawaiian” has the meaning given to such term by section 7517 of title 20.
(4) The term “Native American Pacific Islander” means any descendent of the aboriginal people of any island in the Pacific Ocean that is a territory or possession of the United States.
(5) The terms “Indian tribe” and “tribal organization” have the respective meaning given to each of such terms under section 5304 of this title.
(6) The term “Native American language” means the historical, traditional languages spoken by Native Americans.
(7) The term “traditional leaders” includes Native Americans who have special expertise in Native American culture and Native American languages.
(8) The term “Indian reservation” has the same meaning given to the term “reservation” under section 1452 of this title.
(Pub. L. 101–477, title I, § 103, Oct. 30, 1990, 104 Stat. 1154; Pub. L. 104–109, § 11, Feb. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 765; Pub. L. 107–110, title VII, § 702(f), Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1947; Pub. L. 114–95, title IX, § 9215(iii), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2187.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2015—Par. (2). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9215(iii)(1), made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as reference to section 7491(3) of title 20.
Par. (3). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9215(iii)(2), made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as reference to section 7517 of title 20.
2002—Par. (2). Pub. L. 107–110, § 702(f)(1), substituted “section 7491(3) of title 20” for “section 7881(4) of title 20”.
Par. (3). Pub. L. 107–110, § 702(f)(2), substituted “section 7517 of title 20” for “section 7912(1) of title 20”.
1996—Par. (2). Pub. L. 104–109, § 11(1), substituted “section 7881(4) of title 20” for “section 2651(4) of this title”.
Par. (3). Pub. L. 104–109, § 11(2), substituted “section 7912(1) of title 20” for “section 4909 of title 20”.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 2015 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of Title 20, Education.
heading: Effective Date of 2002 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 107–110 effective Jan. 8, 2002, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 107–110, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6301 of Title 20, Education.
25 U.S.C. § 3007 (INDIANS)
§ 3007. Penalty
(a) Penalty
Any museum that fails to comply with the requirements of this chapter may be assessed a civil penalty by the Secretary of the Interior pursuant to procedures established by the Secretary through regulation. A penalty assessed under this subsection shall be determined on the record after opportunity for an agency hearing. Each violation under this subsection shall be a separate offense.
(b) Amount of penalty
The amount of a penalty assessed under subsection (a) shall be determined under regulations promulgated pursuant to this chapter, taking into account, in addition to other factors—
(1) the archaeological, historical, or commercial value of the item involved;
(2) the damages suffered, both economic and noneconomic, by an aggrieved party,1 and
(3) the number of violations that have occurred.
(c) Actions to recover penalties
If any museum fails to pay an assessment of a civil penalty pursuant to a final order of the Secretary that has been issued under subsection (a) and not appealed or after a final judgment has been rendered on appeal of such order, the Attorney General may institute a civil action in an appropriate district court of the United States to collect the penalty. In such action, the validity and amount of such penalty shall not be subject to review.
(d) Subpoenas
In hearings held pursuant to subsection (a), subpoenas may be issued for the attendance and testimony of witnesses and the production of relevant papers, books, and documents. Witnesses so summoned shall be paid the same fees and mileage that are paid to witnesses in the courts of the United States.
(Pub. L. 101–601, § 9, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3057.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b), was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 101–601, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3048, known as the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3001 of this title and Tables.
25 U.S.C. § 3009 (INDIANS)
§ 3009. Savings provision
Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to—
(1) limit the authority of any Federal agency or museum to—
(A) return or repatriate Native American cultural items to Indian tribes, Native Hawaiian organizations, or individuals, and
(B) enter into any other agreement with the consent of the culturally affiliated tribe or organization as to the disposition of, or control over, items covered by this chapter;
(2) delay actions on repatriation requests that are pending on November 16, 1990;
(3) deny or otherwise affect access to any court;
(4) limit any procedural or substantive right which may otherwise be secured to individuals or Indian tribes or Native Hawaiian organizations; or
(5) limit the application of any State or Federal law pertaining to theft or stolen property.
(Pub. L. 101–601, § 11, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3057.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 101–601, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3048, known as the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3001 of this title and Tables.
25 U.S.C. § 3010 (INDIANS)
§ 3010. Special relationship between Federal Government and Indian tribes and Native Hawaiian organizations
This chapter reflects the unique relationship between the Federal Government and Indian tribes and Native Hawaiian organizations and should not be construed to establish a precedent with respect to any other individual, organization or foreign government.
(Pub. L. 101–601, § 12, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3058.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “This Act”, meaning Pub. L. 101–601, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3048, known as the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3001 of this title and Tables.
25 U.S.C. § 3011 (INDIANS)
§ 3011. Regulations
The Secretary shall promulgate regulations to carry out this chapter within 12 months of November 16, 1990.
(Pub. L. 101–601, § 13, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3058.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 101–601, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3048, known as the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3001 of this title and Tables.
25 U.S.C. § 3012 (INDIANS)
§ 3012. Authorization of appropriations
There is authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out this chapter.
(Pub. L. 101–601, § 14, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3058.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 101–601, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3048, known as the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3001 of this title and Tables.
25 U.S.C. § 3013 (INDIANS)
§ 3013. Enforcement
The United States district courts shall have jurisdiction over any action brought by any person alleging a violation of this chapter and shall have the authority to issue such orders as may be necessary to enforce the provisions of this chapter.
(Pub. L. 101–601, § 15, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3058.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 101–601, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3048, known as the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3001 of this title and Tables.
25 U.S.C. § 3051 (INDIANS)
§ 3051. Purposes
The purposes of this chapter are—
(1) to authorize the reburial of human remains and cultural items on National Forest System land, including human remains and cultural items repatriated under the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (25 U.S.C. 3001 et seq.);
(2) to prevent the unauthorized disclosure of information regarding reburial sites, including the quantity and identity of human remains and cultural items on sites and the location of sites;
(3) to authorize the Secretary of Agriculture to ensure access to National Forest System land, to the maximum extent practicable, by Indians and Indian tribes for traditional and cultural purposes;
(4) to authorize the Secretary to provide forest products, without consideration, to Indian tribes for traditional and cultural purposes;
(5) to authorize the Secretary to protect the confidentiality of certain information, including information that is culturally sensitive to Indian tribes;
(6) to increase the availability of Forest Service programs and resources to Indian tribes in support of the policy of the United States to promote tribal sovereignty and self-determination; and
(7) to strengthen support for the policy of the United States of protecting and preserving the traditional, cultural, and ceremonial rites and practices of Indian tribes, in accordance with Public Law 95–341 (commonly known as the American Indian Religious Freedom Act; 42 U.S.C. 1996).
(Pub. L. 110–234, title VIII, § 8101, May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1286; Pub. L. 110–246, § 4(a), title VIII, § 8101, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2048.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: The Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, referred to in par. (1), is Pub. L. 101–601, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3048, which is classified principally to chapter 32 (§ 3001 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3001 of this title and Tables.
The American Indian Religious Freedom Act, referred to in par. (7), is Pub. L. 95–341, Aug. 11, 1978, 92 Stat. 469, which is classified to sections 1996 and 1996a of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1996 of Title 42 and Tables.
heading: Codification
text: Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 enacted identical sections. Pub. L. 110–234 was repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as a note under section 8701 of Title 7, Agriculture.
heading: Definition of “Secretary”
text: “Secretary” as meaning the Secretary of Agriculture, see section 8701 of Title 7, Agriculture.
25 U.S.C. § 3052 (INDIANS)
§ 3052. Definitions
In this chapter:
(1) Adjacent site
The term “adjacent site” means a site that borders a boundary line of National Forest System land.
(2) Cultural items
The term “cultural items” has the meaning given the term in section 3001 of this title, except that the term does not include human remains.
(3) Human remains
The term “human remains” means the physical remains of the body of a person of Indian ancestry.
(4) Indian
The term “Indian” means an individual who is a member of an Indian tribe.
(5) Indian tribe
The term “Indian tribe” means any Indian or Alaska Native tribe, band, nation, pueblo, village, or other community the name of which is included on a list published by the Secretary of the Interior pursuant to section 5131 of this title.
(6) Lineal descendant
The term “lineal descendant” means an individual that can trace, directly and without interruption, the ancestry of the individual through the traditional kinship system of an Indian tribe, or through the common law system of descent, to a known Indian, the human remains, funerary objects, or other sacred objects of whom are claimed by the individual.
(7) National Forest System
The term “National Forest System” has the meaning given the term in section 1609(a) of title 16.
(8) Reburial site
The term “reburial site” means a specific physical location at which cultural items or human remains are reburied.
(9) Traditional and cultural purpose
The term “traditional and cultural purpose”, with respect to a definable use, area, or practice, means that the use, area, or practice is identified by an Indian tribe as traditional or cultural because of the long-established significance or ceremonial nature of the use, area, or practice to the Indian tribe.
(Pub. L. 110–234, title VIII, § 8102, May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1287; Pub. L. 110–246, § 4(a), title VIII, § 8102, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2048.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 enacted identical sections. Pub. L. 110–234 was repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as a note under section 8701 of Title 7, Agriculture.