10 U.S.C. § 2361 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 2361. Award of grants and contracts to colleges and universities: requirement of competition
(a) The Secretary of Defense may not make a grant or award a contract to a college or university for the performance of research and development, or for the construction of any research or other facility, unless—
(1) in the case of a grant, the grant is made using competitive procedures; and
(2) in the case of a contract, the contract is awarded in accordance with section 2304 of this title (other than pursuant to subsection (c)(5) of that section).
(b)
(1) A provision of law may not be construed as modifying or superseding the provisions of subsection (a), or as requiring funds to be made available by the Secretary of Defense to a particular college or university by grant or contract, unless that provision of law—
(A) specifically refers to this section;
(B) specifically states that such provision of law modifies or supersedes the provisions of this section; and
(C) specifically identifies the particular college or university involved and states that the grant to be made or the contract to be awarded, as the case may be, pursuant to such provision of law is being made or awarded in contravention of subsection (a).
(2) A grant may not be made, or a contract awarded, pursuant to a provision of law that authorizes or requires the making of the grant, or the awarding of the contract, in a manner that is inconsistent with subsection (a) until—
(A) the Secretary of Defense submits to Congress a notice in writing of the intent to make the grant or award the contract; and
(B) a period of 180 days has elapsed after the date on which the notice is received by Congress.
(Added Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title II, § 220(a), Sept. 29, 1988, 102 Stat. 1940; amended Pub. L. 101–189, div. A, title II, § 252(a), (b)(1), (c)(1), Nov. 29, 1989, 103 Stat. 1404, 1405; Pub. L. 101–510, div. A, title XIII, § 1311(4), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1669; Pub. L. 103–35, title II, § 201(g)(5), May 31, 1993, 107 Stat. 100; Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title VIII, § 821(b), Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1704; Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title VIII, § 813, Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2816; Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title II, § 264, title XV, § 1502(a)(1), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 237, 502; Pub. L. 104–201, div. A, title II, § 265, Sept. 23, 1996, 110 Stat. 2466.)
heading: Transfer of Section
text: Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title XVIII, §§ 1801(d), 1841(c), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 4151, 4243, provided that, effective Jan. 1, 2022, with additional provisions for delayed implementation and applicability of existing law, this section is transferred to chapter 301 of this title, as added by section 1841(a) of Pub. L. 116–283, added after section 4004 of this title, as transferred and redesignated by section 1841(b) of Pub. L. 116–283, and redesignated as section 4015 of this title. See Effective Date of 2021 Amendment note below.
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 2361 was renumbered section 2351 of this title.
heading: Amendments
text: 1996—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 104–201 struck out subsec. (c) which read as follows:
“(1) The Secretary of Defense shall submit to the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate and the Committee on National Security of the House of Representatives an annual report on the use of competitive procedures for the award of research and development contracts, and the award of construction contracts, to colleges and universities. Each such report shall include—
“(A) a list of each college and university that, during the period covered by the report, received more than $1,000,000 in such contracts through the use of procedures other than competitive procedures; and
“(B) the cumulative amount of such contracts received during that period by each such college and university.
“(2) Each report under paragraph (1) shall cover the preceding fiscal year and shall be submitted not later than February 1 of the fiscal year after the fiscal year covered by the report.”
Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 104–106, § 1502(a)(1), substituted “Committee on Armed Services of the Senate and the Committee on National Security of the House of Representatives” for “Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and House of Representatives”.
Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 104–106, § 264, substituted “preceding fiscal year” for “preceding calendar year” and “the fiscal year after the fiscal year” for “the year after the year”.
1994—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 103–337 added subsec. (c).
1993—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 103–35 substituted “inconsistent” for “inconsisent”.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 103–160 struck out subsec. (c) which read as follows:
“(1) The Secretary of Defense shall submit to the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and House of Representatives an annual report on the use of competitive procedures for the award of research and development contracts, and the award of construction contracts, to colleges and universities. Each such report shall include—
“(A) a list of each college and university that, during the period covered by the report, received more than $1,000,000 in such contracts through the use of procedures other than competitive procedures; and
“(B) the cumulative amount of such contracts received during that period by each such college and university.
“(2) The reports under paragraph (1) shall cover the preceding calendar year and shall be submitted not later than February 1 of the year after the year covered by the report.
“(3) A report is not required under paragraph (1) for any period beginning after December 31, 1993.”
1990—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 101–510, § 1311(4)(A), substituted “an annual report” for “a semiannual report” in introductory provisions.
Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 101–510, § 1311(4)(B), substituted “the preceding calendar year and shall be submitted not later than February 1 of the year after the year covered by the report” for “the six-month periods ending on June 30 and December 31 of each year. Each such report shall be submitted within 30 days after the end of the period covered by the report”.
1989—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–189, § 252(a), substituted “unless—” for “unless” and pars. (1) and (2) for “the grant or contract is made or awarded using competitive procedures.”
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 101–189, § 252(b)(1), amended subsec. (b) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (b) read as follows: “A provision of law enacted after the date of the enactment of this section may not be construed as modifying or superseding the provisions of subsection (a) unless that provision of law specifically refers to this section and specifically states that such provision of law modifies or supersedes the provisions of this section.”
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 101–189, § 252(c)(1), added subsec. (c).
heading: Effective Date of 2021 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 116–283 effective Jan. 1, 2022, with additional provisions for delayed implementation and applicability of existing law, see section 1801(d) of Pub. L. 116–283, set out as a note preceding section 3001 of this title.
heading: Effective Date of 1993 Amendment
text: Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title VIII, § 821(b), Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1704, provided that the amendment made by that section is effective Feb. 1, 1994.
heading: Effective Date of 1989 Amendment
text: Pub. L. 101–189, div. A, title II, § 252(b)(2), Nov. 29, 1989, 103 Stat. 1405, provided that: “Subsection (b) of section 2361 of title 10, United States Code, as amended by paragraph (1), applies with respect to any provision of law enacted after September 30, 1989.”
heading: Effective Date
text: Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title II, § 220(c), Sept. 29, 1988, 102 Stat. 1941, provided that: “The limitation specified in section 2361(a) of title 10, United States Code (as added by subsection (a)), on the authority of the Secretary of Defense to make grants and award contracts shall take effect on October 1, 1989.”
heading: Initial Report on Use of Competitive Procedures in Awarding Contracts
text: Pub. L. 101–189, div. A, title II, § 252(c)(2), Nov. 29, 1989, 103 Stat. 1405, required that first report under subsec. (c) of this section cover last six months of 1989 and be submitted not later than Feb. 1, 1990.