10 U.S.C. § 1251 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 1251. Age 62: regular commissioned officers in grades below general and flag officer grades; exceptions
(a) General Rule.—
Unless retired or separated earlier, each regular commissioned officer of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, or Space Force (other than an officer covered by section 1252 of this title or a commissioned warrant officer) serving in a grade below brigadier general or rear admiral (lower half), in the case of an officer in the Navy, shall be retired or separated, as specified in subsection (e), on the first day of the month following the month in which the officer becomes 62 years of age.
(b) Deferred Retirement or Separation of Health Professions Officers.—
(1) The Secretary of the military department concerned may, subject to subsection (d), defer the retirement or separation under subsection (a) of a health professions officer if during the period of the deferment the officer—
(A) will be performing duties consisting primarily of providing patient care or performing other clinical duties; or
(B) is in a category of officers designated under subparagraph (D) of paragraph (2) whose duties will consist primarily of the duties described in clause (i), (ii), or (iii) of such subparagraph.
(2) For purposes of this subsection, a health professions officer is—
(A) a medical officer;
(B) a dental officer;
(C) an officer in the Army Nurse Corps, an officer in the Navy Nurse Corps, or an officer in the Air Force designated as a nurse; or
(D) an officer in a category of officers designated by the Secretary of the military department concerned for the purposes of this paragraph as consisting of officers whose duties consist primarily of—
(i) providing health care;
(ii) performing other clinical care; or
(iii) performing health care-related administrative duties.
(c) Deferred Retirement or Separation of Other Officers.—
The Secretary of the military department concerned may, subject to subsection (d), defer the retirement or separation under subsection (a) of any officer other than a health professions officer described in subsection (b)(2) if the Secretary determines that such deferral is in the best interest of the military department concerned.
(d) Limitation on Deferment of Retirements.—
(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), a deferment under subsection (b) or (c) may not extend beyond the first day of the month following the month in which the officer becomes 68 years of age.
(2) The Secretary of the military department concerned may extend a deferment under subsection (b) or (c) beyond the day referred to in paragraph (1) if the Secretary determines that extension of the deferment is necessary for the needs of the military department concerned. Such an extension shall be made on a case-by-case basis and shall be for such period as the Secretary considers appropriate.
(e) Retirement or Separation Based on Years of Creditable Service.—
(1) The following rules shall apply to a regular commissioned officer who is to be retired or separated under subsection (a):
(A) If the officer has at least 6 but fewer than 20 years of creditable service, the officer shall be separated, with separation pay computed under section 1174(d)(1) of this title.
(B) If the officer has fewer than 6 years of creditable service, the officer shall be separated under subsection (a).
(2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), in the case of a regular commissioned officer who was added to the retired list before the date of the enactment of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021, the officer shall be retired, with retired pay computed under section 1401 of this title.
(Added Pub. L. 96–513, title I, § 111, Dec. 12, 1980, 94 Stat. 2875; amended Pub. L. 100–180, div. A, title VII, § 719, Dec. 4, 1987, 101 Stat. 1115; Pub. L. 101–189, div. A, title VII, § 709, Nov. 29, 1989, 103 Stat. 1476; Pub. L. 105–85, div. A, title V, § 504(a), (b), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1725; Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title V, § 509(c)(3), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3231; Pub. L. 109–364, div. A, title V, § 502(b), Oct. 17, 2006, 120 Stat. 2176; Pub. L. 111–383, div. A, title V, § 501(b), Jan. 7, 2011, 124 Stat. 4206; Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title V, § 507, title IX, § 924(b)(3)(T), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 3573, 3821.)
heading: References in Text
text: The date of the enactment of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021, referred to in subsec. (e)(2), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 116–283, which was approved Jan. 1, 2021.
heading: Amendments
text: 2021—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 116–283, § 924(b)(3)(T), substituted “Marine Corps, or Space Force” for “or Marine Corps”.
Pub. L. 116–283, § 507(a)(2), inserted “or separated, as specified in subsection (e),” after “shall be retired”.
Pub. L. 116–283, § 507(a)(1), which directed substitution of “Marine Corps, or Space Force” for “or Marine Corps,”, could not be executed because “or Marine Corps,” did not appear in text. Similar amendment was made by Pub. L. 116–283, § 924(b)(3)(T), see above.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 116–283, § 507(b)(1), inserted “or Separation” after “Retirement” in heading.
Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 116–283, § 507(b)(2), inserted “or separation” after “retirement” in introductory provisions.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 116–283, § 507(c), in heading, substituted “or Separation of Other Officers” for “of Chaplains” and, in text, inserted “or separation” after “retirement” and substituted “any officer other than a health professions officer described in subsection (b)(2)” for “an officer who is appointed or designated as a chaplain”.
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 116–283, § 507(d), added subsec. (e).
2011—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 111–383, § 501(b)(2), substituted “the officer—” for “the officer will be performing duties consisting primarily of providing patient care or performing other clinical duties.” and added subpars. (A) and (B).
Subsec. (b)(2)(D). Pub. L. 111–383, § 501(b)(1), added subpar. (D).
2006—Pub. L. 109–364 amended section catchline and text generally, substituting provisions relating to retirement at age 62 of regular commissioned officers in grades below general and flag officer grades for provisions relating to retirement at age 62 of all regular commissioned officers.
Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–163 inserted “, a permanent professor at the United States Naval Academy,” after “Air Force Academy” in first sentence and struck out last sentence which read as follows: “An officer who is a permanent professor at the United States Military Academy or United States Air Force Academy, the director of admissions at the United States Military Academy, or the registrar of the United States Air Force Academy shall be retired on the first day of the month following the month in which he becomes 64 years of age.”
1997—Subsec. (c)(2) to (4). Pub. L. 105–85, § 504(a), added par. (2) and redesignated former pars. (2) and (3) as (3) and (4), respectively.
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 105–85, § 504(b), added subsec. (d).
1989—Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 101–189 designated existing provisions as subpar. (A), substituted “Except as provided in subparagraph (B), a deferment” for “A deferment” and “68 years of age” for “67 years of age”, and added subpar. (B).
1987—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 100–180 added subsec. (c).
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective Sept. 15, 1981, but the authority to prescribe regulations under this section effective on Dec. 12, 1980, see section 701 of Pub. L. 96–513, set out as an Effective Date of 1980 Amendment note under section 101 of this title.
heading: Deferral of Retirement Date for Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
text: Pub. L. 100–456, div. A, title VII, § 704, Sept. 29, 1988, 102 Stat. 1996, provided that the President could defer until Oct. 1, 1989, the retirement of the officer serving as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff for the term which began on October 1, 1987, notwithstanding the limitation contained in former section 1251(b) of this title.
heading: Transition Provisions Under Defense Officer Personnel Management Act
text: For provision that this section not apply to any officer who on the effective date of this Act [Sept. 15, 1981] was on active duty in a grade above general, see section 632 of Pub. L. 96–513, set out as a note under section 611 of this title.