25 U.S.C. § 1637 (INDIANS)
§ 1637. Indian health care delivery demonstration projects
(a) Purpose and general authority
(1) Purpose
The purpose of this section is to encourage the establishment of demonstration projects that meet the applicable criteria of this section to be carried out by the Secretary, acting through the Service, or Indian tribes or tribal organizations acting pursuant to contracts or compacts under the Indian Self Determination 1 and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450 et seq.)— 2
(A) to test alternative means of delivering health care and services to Indians through facilities; or
(B) to use alternative or innovative methods or models of delivering health care services to Indians (including primary care services, contract health services, or any other program or service authorized by this chapter) through convenient care services (as defined in subsection (c)), community health centers, or cooperative agreements or arrangements with other health care providers that share or coordinate the use of facilities, funding, or other resources, or otherwise coordinate or improve the coordination of activities of the Service, Indian tribes, or tribal organizations, with those of the other health care providers.
(2) Authority
The Secretary, acting through the Service, is authorized to carry out, or to enter into contracts or compacts under the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450 et seq.) 2 with Indian tribes or tribal organizations to carry out, health care delivery demonstration projects that—
(A) test alternative means of delivering health care and services to Indians through facilities; or
(B) otherwise carry out the purposes of this section.
(b) Use of funds
The Secretary, in approving projects pursuant to this section—
(1) may authorize such contracts for the construction and renovation of hospitals, health centers, health stations, and other facilities to deliver health care services; and
(2) is authorized—
(A) to waive any leasing prohibition;
(B) to permit use and carryover of funds appropriated for the provision of health care services under this chapter (including for the purchase of health benefits coverage, as authorized by section 1642(a) of this title);
(C) to permit the use of other available funds, including other Federal funds, funds from third-party collections in accordance with sections 1621e, 1621f, and 1641 of this title, and non-Federal funds contributed by State or local governmental agencies or facilities or private health care providers pursuant to cooperative or other agreements with the Service, 1 or more Indian tribes, or tribal organizations;
(D) to permit the use of funds or property donated or otherwise provided from any source for project purposes;
(E) to provide for the reversion of donated real or personal property to the donor; and
(F) to permit the use of Service funds to match other funds, including Federal funds.
(c) Health care demonstration projects
(1) Definition of convenient care service
In this subsection, the term “convenient care service” means any primary health care service, such as urgent care services, nonemergent care services, prevention services and screenings, and any service authorized by section 1621b of this title or 1621d(d) of this title, that is offered—
(A) at an alternative setting; or
(B) during hours other than regular working hours.
(2) General projects
(A) Criteria
The Secretary may approve under this section demonstration projects that meet the following criteria:
(i) There is a need for a new facility or program, such as a program for convenient care services, or an improvement in, increased efficiency at, or reorientation of an existing facility or program.
(ii) A significant number of Indians, including Indians with low health status, will be served by the project.
(iii) The project has the potential to deliver services in an efficient and effective manner.
(iv) The project is economically viable.
(v) For projects carried out by an Indian tribe or tribal organization, the Indian tribe or tribal organization has the administrative and financial capability to administer the project.
(vi) The project is integrated with providers of related health or social services (including State and local health care agencies or other health care providers) and is coordinated with, and avoids duplication of, existing services in order to expand the availability of services.
(B) Priority
In approving demonstration projects under this paragraph, the Secretary shall give priority to demonstration projects, to the extent the projects meet the criteria described in subparagraph (A), located in any of the following Service units:
(i) Cass Lake, Minnesota.
(ii) Mescalero, New Mexico.
(iii) Owyhee and Elko, Nevada.
(iv) Schurz, Nevada.
(v) Ft. Yuma, California.
(3) Innovative health services delivery demonstration project
(A) Application or request
On receipt of an application or request from an Indian tribe, a consortium of Indian tribes, or a tribal organization within a Service area, the Secretary shall take into consideration alternative or innovated 3 methods to deliver health care services within the Service area (or a portion of, or facility within, the Service area) as described in the application or request, including medical, dental, pharmaceutical, nursing, clinical laboratory, contract health services, convenient care services, community health centers, or any other health care services delivery models designed to improve access to, or efficiency or quality of, the health care, health promotion, or disease prevention services and programs under this chapter.
(B) Approval
In addition to projects described in paragraph (2), in any fiscal year, the Secretary is authorized under this paragraph to approve not more than 10 applications for health care delivery demonstration projects that meet the criteria described in subparagraph (C).
(C) Criteria
The Secretary shall approve under subparagraph (B) demonstration projects that meet all of the following criteria:
(i) The criteria set forth in paragraph (2)(A).
(ii) There is a lack of access to health care services at existing health care facilities, which may be due to limited hours of operation at those facilities or other factors.
(iii) The project—
(I) expands the availability of services; or
(II) reduces—
(aa) the burden on Contract Health Services; or
(bb) the need for emergency room visits.
(d) Technical assistance
On receipt of an application or request from an Indian tribe, a consortium of Indian tribes, or a tribal organization, the Secretary shall provide such technical and other assistance as may be necessary to enable applicants to comply with this section, including information regarding the Service unit budget and available funding for carrying out the proposed demonstration project.
(e) Service to ineligible persons
Subject to section 1680c of this title, the authority to provide services to persons otherwise ineligible for the health care benefits of the Service, and the authority to extend hospital privileges in Service facilities to non-Service health practitioners as provided in section 1680c of this title, may be included, subject to the terms of that section, in any demonstration project approved pursuant to this section.
(f) Equitable treatment
For purposes of subsection (c), the Secretary, in evaluating facilities operated under any contract or compact under the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450 et seq.),2 shall use the same criteria that the Secretary uses in evaluating facilities operated directly by the Service.
(g) Equitable integration of facilities
The Secretary shall ensure that the planning, design, construction, renovation, and expansion needs of Service and non-Service facilities that are the subject of a contract or compact under the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450 et seq.) 2 for health services are fully and equitably integrated into the implementation of the health care delivery demonstration projects under this section.
(Pub. L. 94–437, title III, § 307, as added Pub. L. 101–630, title V, § 504, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4562; amended Pub. L. 102–573, title III, §§ 304, 307(b)(2), title VII, § 701(c)(2), title IX, § 902(4)(A), Oct. 29, 1992, 106 Stat. 4562, 4564, 4572, 4591; Pub. L. 111–148, title X, § 10221(a), Mar. 23, 2010, 124 Stat. 935.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in subsecs. (a)(1)(B), (b)(2)(B), (c)(3)(A), was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 94–437, Sept. 30, 1976, 90 Stat. 1400, known as the Indian Health Care Improvement Act, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1601 of this title and Tables.
The Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450 et seq.), referred to in subsecs. (a), (f), and (g), is Pub. L. 93–638, Jan. 4, 1975, 88 Stat. 2203, which was classified principally to subchapter II (§ 450 et seq.) of chapter 14 of this title prior to editorial reclassification as chapter 46 (§ 5301 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 5301 of this title and Tables.
heading: Codification
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 111–148 is based on section 143 of title I of S. 1790, One Hundred Eleventh Congress, as reported by the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Senate in Dec. 2009, which was enacted into law by section 10221(a) of Pub. L. 111–148.
heading: Amendments
text: 2010—Pub. L. 111–148 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section authorized contracts and grants to carry out an Indian health care delivery demonstration project and related to use of funds, criteria, technical assistance, service to ineligible persons, equitable treatment, equitable integration of facilities, and report to Congress.
1992—Pub. L. 102–573, § 902(4)(A), made technical amendment to section catchline.
Subsec. (c)(1)(A). Pub. L. 102–573, § 304(a)(1), inserted “or program” after “facility” in two places.
Subsec. (c)(3)(A). Pub. L. 102–573, § 304(a)(2), substituted “On or before September 30, 1995, the” for “The” and inserted “and for which a completed application has been received by the Secretary” after “paragraph (1)”.
Subsec. (c)(3)(B). Pub. L. 102–573, § 304(a)(3), which directed amendment of subsec. (c) by striking subpar. (B) and inserting a new subpar. (B), was executed by making the amendment in par. (3) of subsec. (c) to reflect the probable intent of Congress. Prior to amendment, subpar. (B) read as follows: “After entering into contracts or awarding grants in accordance with subparagraph (A), and taking into account contracts entered into and grants awarded under such subparagraph, the Secretary may only enter into one contract or award one grant under this subsection with respect to a service area until the Secretary has entered into contracts or awarded grants for all service areas with respect to which the Secretary receives applications during the application period, as determined by the Secretary, which meet the criteria developed under paragraph (1).”
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 102–573, § 701(c)(2), made technical amendment to the reference to section 1680c of this title to reflect renumbering of corresponding section of original act.
Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 102–573, § 304(b), amended subsec. (h) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (h) read as follows: “Within 90 days after the end of the period set out in subsection (a) of this section, the Secretary shall prepare and submit to Congress a report, together with legislative recommendations, on the findings and conclusions derived from the demonstration projects.”
Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 102–573, § 307(b)(2), struck out subsec. (i) which authorized appropriation of such sums as necessary for fiscal years 1991 and 1992 for purpose of carrying out this section.