dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
22 U.S.C. § 7803 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7803. Definitions
In this chapter:
(1) Appropriate congressional committees
The term “appropriate congressional committees” means—
(A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives; and
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate.
(2) China
The term “China” means the People’s Republic of China.
(3) Humanitarian assistance
The term “humanitarian assistance” means assistance to meet humanitarian needs, including needs for food, medicine, medical supplies, clothing, and shelter.
(4) North Korea
The term “North Korea” means the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea.
(5) North Koreans
The term “North Koreans” means persons who are citizens or nationals of North Korea.
(6) South Korea
The term “South Korea” means the Republic of Korea.
(Pub. L. 108–333, § 5, Oct. 18, 2004, 118 Stat. 1290; Pub. L. 110–346, § 4, Oct. 7, 2008, 122 Stat. 3941.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2008—Par. (1)(A). Pub. L. 110–346 substituted “Foreign Affairs” for “International Relations”.
22 U.S.C. § 7812 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7812. Support for human rights and democracy programs
(a) Support
The President is authorized to provide grants to private, nonprofit organizations to support programs that promote human rights, democracy, rule of law, and the development of a market economy in North Korea. Such programs may include appropriate educational and cultural exchange programs with North Korean participants, to the extent not otherwise prohibited by law. The President is also authorized to provide grants to entities to undertake research on North Korea’s denial of human rights, including on the political and military chains of command responsible for authorizing and implementing systemic human rights abuses, including at prison camps and detention facilities where political prisoners are held.
(b) Authorization of appropriations
(1) In general
There are authorized to be appropriated to the President $2,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2005 through 2008 and $2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2009 through 2022 to carry out this section.
(2) Availability
Amounts appropriated pursuant to the authorization of appropriations under paragraph (1) are authorized to remain available until expended.
(Pub. L. 108–333, title I, § 102, Oct. 18, 2004, 118 Stat. 1290; Pub. L. 110–346, § 5, Oct. 7, 2008, 122 Stat. 3941; Pub. L. 112–172, § 4, Aug. 16, 2012, 126 Stat. 1308; Pub. L. 115–198, § 7(a), July 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 1523.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2018—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–198, § 7(a)(1), inserted at end “The President is also authorized to provide grants to entities to undertake research on North Korea’s denial of human rights, including on the political and military chains of command responsible for authorizing and implementing systemic human rights abuses, including at prison camps and detention facilities where political prisoners are held.”
Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 115–198, § 7(a)(2), substituted “2022” for “2017”.
2012—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 112–172 substituted “2017” for “2012”.
2008—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 110–346 inserted “and $2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2009 through 2012” after “2008”.
22 U.S.C. § 7813 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7813. Radio broadcasting to North Korea
(a) Sense of Congress
It is the sense of Congress that the United States should—
(1) facilitate the unhindered dissemination of information in North Korea by increasing its support for broadcasting, including news rebroadcasting, to North Korea, and that the Broadcasting Board of Governors should increase such broadcasts, including news rebroadcasts, to North Korea from current levels, with a goal of providing 12-hour-per-day broadcasting to North Korea, including broadcasts by Radio Free Asia and Voice of America; and
(2) expand funding for nongovernmental organization broadcasting efforts, prioritizing organizations that engage North Korean defectors in programming and broadcast services.
(b) Report
Not later than 120 days after October 18, 2004, the Broadcasting Board of Governors shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that—
(1) describes the status of current United States broadcasting to North Korea; and
(2) outlines a plan for increasing such broadcasts to 12 hours per day, including a detailed description of the technical and fiscal requirements necessary to implement the plan.
(Pub. L. 108–333, title I, § 103, Oct. 18, 2004, 118 Stat. 1291; Pub. L. 115–198, § 4, July 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 1521.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2018—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–198, § 4(1), (3), substituted “United States should—” for “United States should”, inserted par. (1) designation before “facilitate”, and added par. (2).
Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 115–198, § 4(2), substituted “broadcasting, including news rebroadcasting,” for “radio broadcasting”, “increase such broadcasts, including news rebroadcasts,” for “increase broadcasts”, and “Voice of America; and” for “Voice of America.”
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Change of Name
text: Broadcasting Board of Governors renamed United States Agency for Global Media pursuant to section 6204(a)(22) of this title. The renaming was effectuated by notice to congressional appropriations committees dated May 24, 2018, and became effective Aug. 22, 2018.
22 U.S.C. § 7831 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7831. Report on United States humanitarian assistance
(a) Report
Not later than 180 days after October 18, 2004, and annually thereafter through 2022, the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, in conjunction with the Secretary of State, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that describes—
(1) all activities to provide humanitarian assistance inside North Korea, and to North Koreans outside of North Korea, that receive United States funding;
(2) any improvements in humanitarian transparency, monitoring, and access inside North Korea during the previous 1-year period, including progress toward meeting the conditions identified in subparagraphs (A) through (D) of section 7832(b)(1) of this title; and
(3) specific efforts to secure improved humanitarian transparency, monitoring, and access inside North Korea made by the United States and United States grantees, including the World Food Program, during the previous 1-year period.
(b) Needs assessment
The report shall include a needs assessment to inform the distribution of humanitarian assistance inside North Korea.
(c) Form
The information required by subsection (a)(1) may be provided in classified form if necessary.
(Pub. L. 108–333, title II, § 201, Oct. 18, 2004, 118 Stat. 1293; Pub. L. 108–447, div. D, title V, § 534(j), Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 3007; Pub. L. 110–346, § 9, Oct. 7, 2008, 122 Stat. 3942; Pub. L. 112–172, § 8, Aug. 16, 2012, 126 Stat. 1309; Pub. L. 115–198, § 7(d), July 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 1523.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2018—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–198, § 7(d)(1), substituted “2022” for “2017” in introductory provisions.
Subsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 115–198, § 7(d)(2), (3), added subsec. (b) and redesignated former subsec. (b) as (c).
2012—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 112–172 substituted “2017” for “2012” in introductory provisions.
2008—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 110–346 substituted “annually thereafter through 2012” for “in each of the 2 years thereafter” in introductory provisions.
2004—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 108–447 substituted “subparagraphs (A) through (D) of section 7832(b)(1) of this title” for “paragraphs (1) through (4) of section 7832(b) of this title”.
22 U.S.C. § 7833 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7833. Assistance provided outside of North Korea
(a) Assistance
The President is authorized to provide assistance to support organizations or persons that provide humanitarian assistance to North Koreans who are outside of North Korea without the permission of the Government of North Korea.
(b) Types of assistance
Assistance provided under subsection (a) should be used to provide—
(1) humanitarian assistance to North Korean refugees, defectors, migrants, and orphans outside of North Korea, which may include support for refugee camps or temporary settlements; and
(2) humanitarian assistance to North Korean women outside of North Korea who are victims of trafficking, as defined in section 7102(15) 1 of this title, or are in danger of being trafficked.
(c) Authorization of appropriations
(1) In general
In addition to funds otherwise available for such purposes, there are authorized to be appropriated to the President $5,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2018 through 2022 to carry out this section.
(2) Availability
Amounts appropriated pursuant to the authorization of appropriations under paragraph (1) are authorized to remain available until expended.
(Pub. L. 108–333, title II, § 203, Oct. 18, 2004, 118 Stat. 1294; Pub. L. 110–346, § 10, Oct. 7, 2008, 122 Stat. 3942; Pub. L. 112–172, § 9, Aug. 16, 2012, 126 Stat. 1309; Pub. L. 113–4, title XII, § 1212(b)(2)(B), Mar. 7, 2013, 127 Stat. 144; Pub. L. 115–198, § 7(e), July 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 1524.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: Section 7102(15) of this title, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), was redesignated section 7102(17) of this title by Pub. L. 115–427, § 2(1), Jan. 9, 2019, 132 Stat. 5503.
heading: Amendments
text: 2018—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 115–198 substituted “2018 through 2022” for “2013 through 2017”.
2013—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 113–4 substituted “section 7102(15)” for “section 7102(14)”.
2012—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 112–172 substituted “$5,000,000” for “$20,000,000” and “2013 through 2017” for “2005 through 2012”.
2008—Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 110–346 substituted “2012” for “2008”.
22 U.S.C. § 7845 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7845. Annual reports
(a) Immigration and refugee information
Not later than 1 year after October 18, 2004, and every 12 months thereafter through 2022, the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Homeland Security shall submit a joint report to the appropriate congressional committees and the Committees on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives and the Senate on the operation of this subchapter during the previous year, which shall include the following:
(1) The number of aliens who are nationals or citizens of North Korea who applied for political asylum and the number who were granted political asylum.
(2) The number of aliens who are nationals or citizens of North Korea who applied for refugee status and the number who were granted refugee status.
(3) A detailed description of the measures undertaken by the Secretary of State to carry out section 7843 of this title, including country-specific information with respect to United States efforts to secure the cooperation and permission of the governments of countries in East and Southeast Asia to facilitate United States processing of North Koreans seeking protection as refugees. The information required under this paragraph shall be provided in unclassified form, with a classified annex, if necessary.
(b) Countries of particular concern
The President shall include in each annual report on proposed refugee admission pursuant to section 1157(d) of title 8, information about specific measures taken to facilitate access to the United States refugee program for individuals who have fled countries of particular concern for violations of religious freedom, identified pursuant to section 6442(b) of this title. The report shall include, for each country of particular concern, a description of access of the nationals or former habitual residents of that country to a refugee determination on the basis of—
(1) referrals by external agencies to a refugee adjudication;
(2) groups deemed to be of special humanitarian concern to the United States for purposes of refugee resettlement; and
(3) family links to the United States.
(Pub. L. 108–333, title III, § 305, Oct. 18, 2004, 118 Stat. 1297; Pub. L. 110–346, § 11, Oct. 7, 2008, 122 Stat. 3942; Pub. L. 112–172, § 10, Aug. 16, 2012, 126 Stat. 1309; Pub. L. 115–198, § 7(f), July 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 1524.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2018—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–198 substituted “2022” for “2017” in introductory provisions.
2012—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 112–172 substituted “2017” for “2012” in introductory provisions.
2008—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 110–346, § 11(1), (2), inserted “and refugee” before “information” in heading, and, in introductory provisions, substituted “through 2012” for “for each of the following 5 years” and “which shall include the following:” for “which shall include—”.
Pub. L. 110–346, § 11(3)–(5), substituted “The number of aliens” for “the number of aliens” in pars. (1) and (2) and a period for “; and” in par. (1) and added par. (3).
22 U.S.C. § 7901 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7901. Definitions
In this chapter:
(1) Carbon sequestration
The term “carbon sequestration” means the capture of carbon dioxide through terrestrial, geological, biological, or other means, which prevents the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
(2) Greenhouse gas
The term “greenhouse gas” means carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride.
(3) Greenhouse gas intensity
The term “greenhouse gas intensity” means the ratio of greenhouse gas emissions to economic output.
(Pub. L. 101–240, title VII, § 731, as added Pub. L. 109–58, title XVI, § 1611, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 1113.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Pub. L. 101–240, title VII, § 739, as added Pub. L. 109–58, title XVI, § 1611, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 1117, provided that: “Except as otherwise provided in this part [part C (§§ 731–739) of title VII of Pub. L. 101–240, enacting this chapter], this part takes effect on October 1, 2005.”
22 U.S.C. § 7903 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7903. Technology inventory for developing countries
(a) In general
The Secretary of Energy, in coordination with the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Commerce, shall conduct an inventory of greenhouse gas intensity reducing technologies that are developed, or under development in the United States, to identify technologies that are suitable for transfer to, deployment in, and commercialization in the developing countries identified in the report submitted under section 7902(a)(2)(A) of this title.
(b) Report
Not later than 180 days after the completion of the inventory under subsection (a), the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Energy shall jointly submit to Congress a report that—
(1) includes the results of the completed inventory;
(2) identifies obstacles to the transfer, deployment, and commercialization of the inventoried technologies;
(3) includes results from previous Federal reports related to the inventoried technologies; and
(4) includes an analysis of market forces related to the inventoried technologies.
(Pub. L. 101–240, title VII, § 733, as added Pub. L. 109–58, title XVI, § 1611, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 1114.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective Oct. 1, 2005, except as otherwise provided, see section 739 of Pub. L. 101–240, set out as a note under section 7901 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 7904 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7904. Trade-related barriers to export of greenhouse gas intensity reducing technologies
(a) In general
Not later than 1 year after August 8, 2005, the United States Trade Representative shall (as appropriate and consistent with applicable bilateral, regional, and mutual trade agreements)—
(1) identify trade-relations barriers maintained by foreign countries to the export of greenhouse gas intensity reducing technologies and practices from the United States to the developing countries identified in the report submitted under section 7902(a)(2)(A) of this title; and
(2) negotiate with foreign countries for the removal of those barriers.
(b) Annual report
Not later than 1 year after the date on which a report is submitted under subsection (a)(1) and annually thereafter, the United States Trade Representative shall submit to Congress a report that describes any progress made with respect to removing the barriers identified by the United States Trade Representative under subsection (a)(1).
(Pub. L. 101–240, title VII, § 734, as added Pub. L. 109–58, title XVI, § 1611, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 1115.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective Oct. 1, 2005, except as otherwise provided, see section 739 of Pub. L. 101–240, set out as a note under section 7901 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 7905 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7905. Greenhouse Gas Intensity Reducing Technology Export Initiative
(a) In general
There is established an interagency working group to carry out a Greenhouse Gas Intensity Reducing Technology Export Initiative to—
(1) promote the export of greenhouse gas intensity reducing technologies and practices from the United States;
(2) identify developing countries that should be designated as priority countries for the purpose of exporting greenhouse gas intensity reducing technologies and practices, based on the report submitted under section 7902(a)(2)(A) of this title;
(3) identify potential barriers to adoption of exported greenhouse gas intensity reducing technologies and practices based on the reports submitted under section 7904 of this title; and
(4) identify previous efforts to export energy technologies to learn best practices.
(b) Composition
The working group shall be composed of—
(1) the Secretary of State, who shall act as the head of the working group;
(2) the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development;
(3) the United States Trade Representative;
(4) a designee of the Secretary of Energy;
(5) a designee of the Secretary of Commerce; and
(6) a designee of the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.
(c) Performance reviews and reports
Not later than 180 days after August 8, 2005, and each year thereafter, the interagency working group shall—
(1) conduct a performance review of actions taken and results achieved by the Federal Government (including each of the agencies represented on the interagency working group) to promote the export of greenhouse gas intensity reducing technologies and practices from the United States; and
(2) submit to the appropriate authorizing and appropriating committees of Congress a report that describes the results of the performance reviews and evaluates progress in promoting the export of greenhouse gas intensity reducing technologies and practices from the United States, including any recommendations for increasing the export of the technologies and practices.
(Pub. L. 101–240, title VII, § 735, as added Pub. L. 109–58, title XVI, § 1611, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 1115.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective Oct. 1, 2005, except as otherwise provided, see section 739 of Pub. L. 101–240, set out as a note under section 7901 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 7906 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7906. Technology demonstration projects
(a) In general
The Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of Energy and the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, shall promote the adoption of technologies and practices that reduce greenhouse gas intensity in developing countries in accordance with this section.
(b) Demonstration projects
(1) In general
The Secretaries and the Administrator shall plan, coordinate, and carry out, or provide assistance for the planning, coordination, or carrying out of, demonstration projects under this section in at least 10 eligible countries, as determined by the Secretaries and the Administrator.
(2) Eligibility
A country shall be eligible for assistance under this subsection if the Secretaries and the Administrator determine that the country has demonstrated a commitment to—
(A) just governance, including—
(i) promoting the rule of law;
(ii) respecting human and civil rights;
(iii) protecting private property rights; and
(iv) combating corruption; and
(B) economic freedom, including economic policies that—
(i) encourage citizens and firms to participate in global trade and international capital markets;
(ii) promote private sector growth and the sustainable management of natural resources; and
(iii) strengthen market forces in the economy.
(3) Selection
In determining which eligible countries to provide assistance to under paragraph (1), the Secretaries and the Administrator shall consider—
(A) the opportunity to reduce greenhouse gas intensity in the eligible country; and
(B) the opportunity to generate economic growth in the eligible country.
(4) Types of projects
Demonstration projects under this section may include—
(A) coal gasification, coal liquefaction, and clean coal projects;
(B) carbon sequestration projects;
(C) cogeneration technology initiatives;
(D) renewable projects; and
(E) lower emission transportation.
(Pub. L. 101–240, title VII, § 736, as added Pub. L. 109–58, title XVI, § 1611, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 1116.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective Oct. 1, 2005, except as otherwise provided, see section 739 of Pub. L. 101–240, set out as a note under section 7901 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 7907 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7907. Fellowship and exchange programs
The Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Commerce, and the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, shall carry out fellowship and exchange programs under which officials from developing countries visit the United States to acquire expertise and knowledge of best practices to reduce greenhouse gas intensity in their countries.
(Pub. L. 101–240, title VII, § 737, as added Pub. L. 109–58, title XVI, § 1611, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 1117.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective Oct. 1, 2005, except as otherwise provided, see section 739 of Pub. L. 101–240, set out as a note under section 7901 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 7908 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7908. Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this chapter.
(Pub. L. 101–240, title VII, § 738, as added Pub. L. 109–58, title XVI, § 1611, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 1117.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective Oct. 1, 2005, except as otherwise provided, see section 739 of Pub. L. 101–240, set out as a note under section 7901 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 8004 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 8004. United States compliance with its nuclear nonproliferation treaty obligations
Nothing in this chapter constitutes authority for any action in violation of an obligation of the United States under the NPT.
(Pub. L. 109–401, title I, § 105, Dec. 18, 2006, 120 Stat. 2738.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this title”, meaning title I of Pub. L. 109–401, Dec. 18, 2006, 120 Stat. 2726, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title I to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 8001 of this title and Tables.