dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
22 U.S.C. § 1456 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1456. Utilization of facilities and personnel of other Government agencies; reimbursement to agencies; report to Congress
The Secretary is authorized, in carrying on any activity under the authority of this chapter, to utilize, with the approval of the President, the services, facilities, and personnel of the other Government agencies. Whenever the Secretary shall use the services, facilities, or personnel of any Government agency for activities under authority of this chapter, the Secretary shall pay for such performance out of funds available to the Secretary under this chapter, either in advance, by reimbursement, or direct transfer. The Secretary shall include in each report submitted to the Congress under section 1439 1 of this title a statement of the services, facilities, and personnel of other Government agencies utilized in carrying on activities under the authority of this chapter, showing the names and salaries of the personnel utilized, or performing services utilized, during the period covered by such report, and the amounts paid to such other agencies under this section as payment for such performance.
(Jan. 27, 1948, ch. 36, title IV, § 401, 62 Stat. 8.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: Section 1439 of this title, referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 96–470, title I, § 117, Oct. 19, 1980, 94 Stat. 2240.
22 U.S.C. § 1461–1 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1461–1. Mission of United States Information Agency
The mission of the United States Information Agency shall be to further the national interest by improving United States relations with other countries and peoples through the broadest possible sharing of ideas, information, and educational and cultural activities. In carrying out this mission, the United States Information Agency shall, among other activities—
(1) conduct Government-sponsored information, educational, and cultural activities designed—
(A) to provide other peoples with a better understanding of the policies, values, institutions, and culture of the United States; and
(B) within the statutory limits governing domestic activities of the Agency, to enhance understanding on the part of the Government and people of the United States of the history, culture, attitudes, perceptions, and aspirations of others;
(2) encourage private institutions in the United States to develop their own exchange activities, and provide assistance for those exchange activities which are in the broadest national interest;
(3) coordinate international informational, educational, or cultural activities conducted or planned by departments and agencies of the United States Government;
(4) assist in the development of a comprehensive national policy on international communications; and
(5) promote United States participation in international events relevant to the mission of the Agency.
(Pub. L. 95–426, title II, § 202, Oct. 7, 1978, 92 Stat. 972; Pub. L. 97–241, title III, § 303(b), Aug. 24, 1982, 96 Stat. 291.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1979, and not as part of the United States Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948 which comprises this chapter.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Transfer of Functions
text: “United States Information Agency” substituted in text for “International Communication Agency” pursuant to section 303(b) of Pub. L. 97–241, set out as a note under section 1461 of this title. United States Information Agency (other than Broadcasting Board of Governors and International Broadcasting Bureau) abolished and functions transferred to Secretary of State, see sections 6531 and 6532 of this title.
heading: Increase in Financial Resources of Agency for Exchange-of-Persons Activities
text: Pub. L. 95–426, title II, § 203, Oct. 7, 1978, 92 Stat. 973, as amended by Pub. L. 97–241, title III, § 303(b), Aug. 24, 1982, 96 Stat. 291, required the President, by a process of gradual expansion during the four-year period beginning Oct. 1, 1979, to increase significantly the financial resources expended annually by the United States Information Agency for exchange-of-persons activities.
22 U.S.C. § 1461a (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1461a. Omitted
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Section, act Aug. 31, 1960, Pub. L. 86–678, title IV, 74 Stat. 569, which related to exchange of funds in connection with establishments abroad, was from the Departments of State and Justice, the Judiciary, and Related Agencies Appropriation Act, 1961, and was not repeated in subsequent appropriation acts. Similar provisions were contained in the following prior appropriation acts:
July 13, 1959, Pub. L. 86–84, title IV, 73 Stat. 194.
June 30, 1958, Pub. L. 85–474, title IV, 72 Stat. 257.
June 11, 1957, Pub. L. 85–49, title IV, 71 Stat. 68.
June 20, 1956, ch. 414, title IV, 70 Stat. 312.
July 7, 1955, ch. 279, title IV, 69 Stat. 279.
July 2, 1954, ch. 456, title IV, 68 Stat. 432.
22 U.S.C. § 1461c (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1461c. Omitted
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Section, Pub. L. 90–470, title V, Aug. 9, 1968, 82 Stat. 690, which related to a one year extension to existing appointments and assignments to the Foreign Service Reserve for foreign information and educational activities which would otherwise have expired, was not repeated in subsequent appropriation acts. Similar provisions were contained in the following prior appropriation acts:
Nov. 8, 1967, Pub. L. 90–133, title V, 81 Stat. 433.
Nov. 8, 1966, Pub. L. 89–797, title V, 80 Stat. 1504, 1505.
Sept. 2, 1965, Pub. L. 89–164, title V, 79 Stat. 643.
Aug. 31, 1964, Pub. L. 88–527, title V, 78 Stat. 734.
Dec. 30, 1963, Pub. L. 88–245, title V, 77 Stat. 800.
Oct. 18, 1962, Pub. L. 87–843, title V, 76 Stat. 1104.
Sept. 21, 1961, Pub. L. 87–264, title IV, 75 Stat. 558.
Aug. 31, 1960, Pub. L. 86–678, title IV, 74 Stat. 569.
July 13, 1959, Pub. L. 86–84, title IV, 73 Stat. 194.
June 30, 1958, Pub. L. 85–474, title IV, 72 Stat. 258.
June 11, 1957, Pub. L. 85–49, title IV, 71 Stat. 68.
June 20, 1956, ch. 414, title IV, 70 Stat. 312.
July 7, 1955, ch. 279, title IV, 69 Stat. 279.
July 2, 1954, ch. 456, title IV, 68 Stat. 432.
22 U.S.C. § 1462 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1462. Policies governing information activities
In authorizing international information activities under this chapter, it is the sense of the Congress (1) that the Secretary and the Broadcasting Board of Governors shall reduce such Government information activities whenever corresponding private information dissemination is found to be adequate; (2) that nothing in this chapter shall be construed to give the Department or the Broadcasting Board of Governors a monopoly in the production or sponsorship on the air of short-wave broadcasting programs, or a monopoly in any other medium of information.
(Jan. 27, 1948, ch. 36, title V, § 502, 62 Stat. 10; Pub. L. 112–239, div. A, title X, § 1078(d)(1), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 1958.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2013—Pub. L. 112–239 inserted “and the Broadcasting Board of Governors” after “Secretary” and “or the Broadcasting Board of Governors” after “Department”.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Change of Name
text: Broadcasting Board of Governors renamed United States Agency for Global Media pursuant to section 6204(a)(22) of this title. The renaming was effectuated by notice to congressional appropriations committees dated May 24, 2018, and became effective Aug. 22, 2018.
heading: Effective Date of 2013 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 112–239 effective and applicable on the date that is 180 days after Jan. 2, 2013, see section 1078(e) of Pub. L. 112–239, set out as a note under section 1437 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 1464b (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1464b. Voice of America hiring practices
(a) Prohibition
After February 16, 1990, the Voice of America shall not select candidates for employment who must be or are preapproved for employment at the Voice of America by a foreign government or an entity controlled by a foreign government.
(b) Exception
The prohibition referred to in this section shall not apply to—
(1) participants in the Voice of America’s exchange programs; or
(2) clerical, technical, or maintenance staff at Voice of America offices in foreign countries.
(c) Report
If the Broadcasting Board of Governors determines that the prohibition under subsection (a) would require the termination of a specific Voice of America foreign language service, then, not less than 90 days before the Board begins to recruit such candidates, the Board shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives a report concerning—
(1) the number and location of speakers of the applicable foreign language who could be recruited by the Voice of America without violating this section; and
(2) the efforts made by the Voice of America to recruit such individuals for employment.
(Jan. 27, 1948, ch. 36, title V, § 506, as added Pub. L. 101–246, title II, § 232, Feb. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 57; amended Pub. L. 105–277, div. G, subdiv. A, title XIII, § 1335(a)(2), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–787.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 1998—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 105–277, in introductory provisions, substituted “Broadcasting Board of Governors” for “Director of the United States Information Agency”, “Board begins” for “Agency begins”, and “Board shall” for “Director shall”.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Change of Name
text: Broadcasting Board of Governors renamed United States Agency for Global Media pursuant to section 6204(a)(22) of this title. The renaming was effectuated by notice to congressional appropriations committees dated May 24, 2018, and became effective Aug. 22, 2018.
heading: Effective Date of 1998 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 105–277 effective Oct. 1, 1999, see section 1301 of Pub. L. 105–277, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6531 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 1465 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1465. Congressional findings and declaration of purposes
The Congress finds and declares—
(1) that it is the policy of the United States to support the right of the people of Cuba to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers, in accordance with article 19 of Universal Declaration of Human Rights;
(2) that, consonant with this policy, radio broadcasting to Cuba may be effective in furthering the open communication of accurate information and ideas to the people of Cuba, in particular information about Cuba;
(3) that such broadcasting to Cuba, operated in a manner not inconsistent with the broad foreign policy of the United States and in accordance with high professional standards, would be in the national interest; and
(4) that the Voice of America already broadcasts to Cuba information that represents America, not any single segment of American society, and includes a balanced and comprehensive projection of significant American thought and institutions but that there is a need for broadcasts to Cuba which provide news, commentary and other information about events in Cuba and elsewhere to promote the cause of freedom in Cuba.
(Pub. L. 98–111, § 2, Oct. 4, 1983, 97 Stat. 749.)
heading: Repeal of Section
text: Section repealed upon transmittal of determination by President under section 6063(c)(3) of this title that democratically elected government in Cuba is in power, see section 6037(c) of this title.
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the Radio Broadcasting to Cuba Act which comprises this subchapter, and not as part of the United States Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948 which comprises this chapter.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Short Title
text: Pub. L. 98–111, § 1, Oct. 4, 1983, 97 Stat. 749, provided: “That this Act [enacting this subchapter] may be cited as the ‘Radio Broadcasting to Cuba Act’.”
22 U.S.C. § 1465d (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1465d. Assistance from other government agencies
(a) In order to assist the Broadcasting Board of Governors in carrying out the purposes set forth in section 1465 of this title, any agency or instrumentality of the United States may sell, loan, lease, or grant property (including interests therein) and may perform administrative and technical support and services at the request of the Board. Support and services shall be provided on a reimbursable basis. Any reimbursement shall be credited to the appropriation from which the property, support, or services was derived.
(b) The Board may carry out the purposes of section 1465a of this title by means of grants, leases, or contracts (subject to the availability of appropriations), or such other means as the Board determines will be most effective.
(Pub. L. 98–111, § 6, Oct. 4, 1983, 97 Stat. 751; Pub. L. 105–277, div. G, subdiv. A, title XIII, § 1324(1), (2), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–781.)
heading: Repeal of Section
text: Section repealed upon transmittal of determination by President under section 6063(c)(3) of this title that democratically elected government in Cuba is in power, see section 6037(c) of this title.
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the Radio Broadcasting to Cuba Act which comprises this subchapter, and not as part of the United States Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948 which comprises this chapter.
heading: Amendments
text: 1998—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 105–277 substituted “Broadcasting Board of Governors” for “United States Information Agency” and “Board” for “Agency”.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 105–277, § 1324(2), substituted “Board” for “Agency” in two places.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Change of Name
text: Broadcasting Board of Governors renamed United States Agency for Global Media pursuant to section 6204(a)(22) of this title. The renaming was effectuated by notice to congressional appropriations committees dated May 24, 2018, and became effective Aug. 22, 2018.
heading: Effective Date of 1998 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 105–277 effective Oct. 1, 1999, see section 1301 of Pub. L. 105–277, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6531 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 1465f (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1465f. Authorization of appropriations
(a) There are authorized to be appropriated for the Broadcasting Board of Governors $14,000,000 for fiscal year 1984 and $11,000,000 for fiscal year 1985 to carry out sections 1465a and 1465b of this title. The amount obligated by the Broadcasting Board of Governors in ensuing fiscal years shall be sufficient to maintain broadcasts to Cuba under this subchapter at rates no less than the fiscal year 1985 level.
(b) In addition to amounts otherwise authorized to be appropriated to the Board for the fiscal years 1984 and 1985, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Board $54,800,000 for the fiscal year 1984 and $54,800,000 for the fiscal year 1985, which amounts shall be available only for expenses incurred by essential modernization of the facilities and operations of the Voice of America.
(c) Amounts appropriated under this section are authorized to be made available until expended.
(Pub. L. 98–111, § 8, Oct. 4, 1983, 97 Stat. 752; Pub. L. 105–277, div. G, subdiv. A, title XIII, § 1324(1), (2), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–781.)
heading: Repeal of Section
text: Section repealed upon transmittal of determination by President under section 6063(c)(3) of this title that democratically elected government in Cuba is in power, see section 6037(c) of this title.
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the Radio Broadcasting to Cuba Act which comprises this subchapter, and not as part of the United States Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948 which comprises this chapter.
heading: Amendments
text: 1998—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 105–277, § 1324(1), substituted “Broadcasting Board of Governors” for “United States Information Agency” in two places.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 105–277, § 1324(2), substituted “Board” for “Agency” in two places.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Change of Name
text: Broadcasting Board of Governors renamed United States Agency for Global Media pursuant to section 6204(a)(22) of this title. The renaming was effectuated by notice to congressional appropriations committees dated May 24, 2018, and became effective Aug. 22, 2018.
heading: Effective Date of 1998 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 105–277 effective Oct. 1, 1999, see section 1301 of Pub. L. 105–277, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6531 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 1465aa (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1465aa. Findings and purposes
The Congress finds and declares that—
(1) it is the policy of the United States to support the right of the people of Cuba to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers, in accordance with article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights;
(2) consonant with this policy, television broadcasting to Cuba may be effective in furthering the open communication of accurate information and ideas to the people of Cuba and, in particular, information about Cuba;
(3) television broadcasting to Cuba, operated in a manner not inconsistent with the broad foreign policy of the United States and in accordance with high professional standards, would be in the national interest;
(4) facilities broadcasting television programming to Cuba must be operated in a manner consistent with applicable regulations of the Federal Communications Commission, and must not affect the quality of domestic broadcast transmission or reception; and
(5) that 1 the Voice of America already broadcasts to Cuba information that represents America, not any single segment of American society, and includes a balanced and comprehensive projection of significant American thought and institutions, but that there is a need for television broadcasts to Cuba which provide news, commentary, and other information about events in Cuba and elsewhere to promote the cause of freedom in Cuba.
(Pub. L. 101–246, title II, § 242, Feb. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 58.)
heading: Repeal of Section
text: Section repealed upon transmittal of determination by President under section 6063(c)(3) of this title that democratically elected government in Cuba is in power, see section 6037(c) of this title.
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the Television Broadcasting to Cuba Act which comprises this subchapter, and not as part of the United States Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948 which comprises this chapter.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Short Title
text: Pub. L. 101–246, title II, § 241, Feb. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 58, provided that: “This part [part D (§§ 241–248) of title II of Pub. L. 101–246, enacting this subchapter, amending section 1465c of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under section 1465c of this title] may be cited as the ‘Television Broadcasting to Cuba Act’.”
22 U.S.C. § 1465dd (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1465dd. Assistance from other Government agencies
In order to assist the Broadcasting Board of Governors in carrying out the provisions of this subchapter, any agency or instrumentality of the United States may sell, loan, lease, or grant property (including interests therein) and may perform administrative and technical support and services at the request of the Board.
(Pub. L. 101–246, title II, § 246, Feb. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 62; Pub. L. 105–277, div. G, subdiv. A, title XIII, § 1325(1), (3), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–781.)
heading: Repeal of Section
text: Section repealed upon transmittal of determination by President under section 6063(c)(3) of this title that democratically elected government in Cuba is in power, see section 6037(c) of this title.
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the Television Broadcasting to Cuba Act which comprises this subchapter, and not as part of the United States Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948 which comprises this chapter.
heading: Amendments
text: 1998—Pub. L. 105–277 substituted “Broadcasting Board of Governors” for “United States Information Agency” and “the Board” for “the Agency”.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Change of Name
text: Broadcasting Board of Governors renamed United States Agency for Global Media pursuant to section 6204(a)(22) of this title. The renaming was effectuated by notice to congressional appropriations committees dated May 24, 2018, and became effective Aug. 22, 2018.
heading: Effective Date of 1998 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 105–277 effective Oct. 1, 1999, see section 1301 of Pub. L. 105–277, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6531 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 1465ff (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1465ff. Definitions
As used in this subchapter—
(1) the term “licensee” has the meaning provided in section 153(c) 1 of title 47;
(2) the term “incumbent domestic licensee” means a licensee as provided in section 153(c) 1 of title 47 that was broadcasting a television signal as of January 1, 1989;
(3) the term “objectionable interference” shall be applied in the same manner as such term is applied under regulations of the Federal Communications Commission to other domestic broadcasters; and
(4) the term “appropriate committees of Congress” includes the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate.
(Pub. L. 101–246, title II, § 248, Feb. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 62.)
heading: Repeal of Section
text: Section repealed upon transmittal of determination by President under section 6063(c)(3) of this title that democratically elected government in Cuba is in power, see section 6037(c) of this title.
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: Section 153 of title 47, referred to in pars. (1) and (2), was subsequently amended, and section 153(c) no longer defines “licensee”. However, such term is defined elsewhere in that section.
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the Television Broadcasting to Cuba Act which comprises this subchapter, and not as part of the United States Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948 which comprises this chapter.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Change of Name
text: Committee on Energy and Commerce of House of Representatives treated as referring to Committee on Commerce of House of Representatives by section 1(a) of Pub. L. 104–14, set out as a note preceding section 21 of Title 2, The Congress. Committee on Commerce of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Energy and Commerce of House of Representatives, and jurisdiction over matters relating to securities and exchanges and insurance generally transferred to Committee on Financial Services of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 5, One Hundred Seventh Congress, Jan. 3, 2001.