dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
22 U.S.C. § 2349bb (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2349bb. Purposes
The purposes of assistance under this part are to halt the proliferation of nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons, and conventional weaponry, through support of activities designed—
(1) to enhance the nonproliferation and export control capabilities of friendly countries by providing training and equipment to detect, deter, monitor, interdict, and counter proliferation;
(2) to strengthen the bilateral ties of the United States with friendly governments by offering concrete assistance in this area of vital national security interest;
(3) to accomplish the activities and objectives set forth in sections 5853 and 5854 of this title, without regard to the limitation of those sections to the independent states of the former Soviet Union; and
(4) to promote multilateral activities, including cooperation with international organizations, relating to nonproliferation.
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. II, § 581, as added Pub. L. 106–280, title III, § 301, Oct. 6, 2000, 114 Stat. 851.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Nonproliferation Technology Acquisition Programs for Friendly Foreign Countries
text: Pub. L. 107–228, div. B, title XIII, § 1302, Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1435, provided that:
“(a) In General.—
For the purpose of enhancing the nonproliferation and export control capabilities of friendly countries, of the amount authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 2003 by section 585 [586] of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2349bb et seq.) [22 U.S.C. 2349bb–4], the Secretary is authorized to make available—
“(1) $5,000,000 for the procurement and provision of nuclear, chemical, and biological detection systems, including spectroscopic and pulse echo technologies; and
“(2) $10,000,000 for the procurement and provision of x-ray systems capable of imaging sea-cargo containers.
“(b) Reports on Training Program.—
“(1) Initial report.—
Not later than March 31, 2003, the Secretary shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional committees setting forth his plans and budget for a multiyear training program to train foreign personnel in the utilization of the systems described in subsection (a).
“(2) Subsequent reports.—
Not later than March 31, 2004, and annually thereafter for the next three years, the Secretary shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional committees describing the progress, current status, and budget of that training program and of the provision of those systems.”
[For definitions of “Secretary” and “appropriate congressional committees” as used in section 1302 of Pub. L. 107–228, set out above, see section 3 of Pub. L. 107–228, set out as a note under section 2651 of this title.]
22 U.S.C. § 2349bb–1 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2349bb–1. Authorization of assistance
Notwithstanding any other provision of law (other than section 2304 or section 2371 of this title), the President is authorized to furnish, on such terms and conditions as the President may determine, assistance in order to carry out the purposes of this part. Such assistance may include training services and the provision of funds, equipment, and other commodities related to the detection, deterrence, monitoring, interdiction, and prevention or countering of proliferation, the establishment of effective nonproliferation laws and regulations, and the apprehension of those individuals involved in acts of proliferation of such weapons.
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. II, § 582, as added Pub. L. 106–280, title III, § 301, Oct. 6, 2000, 114 Stat. 852.)
heading: Executive Documents
heading: Delegation of Functions
text: For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2349bb–2 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2349bb–2. Transit interdiction
(a) Allocation of funds
In providing assistance under this part, the President shall ensure that, beginning in fiscal year 2007, not less than one-quarter of the total of such assistance is obligated for the purpose of enhancing the capabilities of friendly countries to detect and interdict proliferation-related shipments of cargo to non-State actors and States of proliferation concern.
(b) Priority to certain countries
Priority shall be given in the apportionment of the assistance described under subsection (a) to any friendly country that has been determined by the Secretary of State to be a country frequently transited by proliferation-related shipments of cargo.
(c) Cooperative agreements
In order to promote cooperation regarding the interdiction of weapons of mass destruction and related materials and delivery systems, the President is authorized to conclude agreements, including reciprocal maritime agreements, with other countries to facilitate effective measures to prevent the transportation of such items to non-state actors and states of proliferation concern.
(d) Determination and notice to Congress
The Secretary of State shall notify the Committee on International Relations of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate in writing not more than 30 days after making a determination that any friendly country has been determined to be a country eligible for priority consideration of any assistance under subsection (a). Such determination shall set forth the reasons for such determination, and may be submitted in classified and unclassified form, as necessary.
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. II, § 583, as added Pub. L. 106–280, title III, § 301, Oct. 6, 2000, 114 Stat. 852; amended Pub. L. 109–472, § 10(c), Jan. 11, 2007, 120 Stat. 3557.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 2007—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–472, § 10(c)(1), substituted “shall ensure that, beginning in fiscal year 2007,” for “should ensure that”, “obligated” for “expended”, and “to non-State actors and States of proliferation concern” for “that originate from, and are destined for, other countries”.
Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 109–472, § 10(c)(2), added subsecs. (c) and (d).
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Change of Name
text: Committee on International Relations of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Foreign Affairs of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Tenth Congress, Jan. 5, 2007.
heading: Executive Documents
heading: Delegation of Functions
text: For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2349bb–2a (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2349bb–2a. International nonproliferation export control training
(a) General authority
The President is authorized to furnish, on such terms and conditions consistent with this part (but whenever feasible on a reimbursable basis), education and training to appropriate military and civilian personnel of foreign countries for the purpose of enhancing the nonproliferation and export control capabilities of such personnel through their attendance in special courses of instruction conducted by the United States.
(b) Administration of courses
The Secretary of State shall have overall responsibility for the development and conduct of international nonproliferation education and training programs under this section, and may utilize other departments and agencies of the United States, as appropriate, to recommend personnel for the education and training and to administer specific courses of instruction.
(c) Purposes
Education and training activities conducted under this section shall be—
(1) of a technical nature, emphasizing techniques for detecting, deterring, monitoring, interdicting, and countering proliferation;
(2) designed to encourage effective and mutually beneficial relations and increased understanding between the United States and friendly countries; and
(3) designed to improve the ability of friendly countries to utilize their resources with maximum effectiveness, thereby contributing to greater self-reliance by such countries.
(d) Priority to certain countries
In selecting personnel for education and training pursuant to this section, priority should be given to personnel from countries determined by the Secretary of State to be countries frequently transited by proliferation-related shipments of cargo.
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. II, § 584, as added Pub. L. 107–228, div. B, title XIII, § 1303(2), Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1436.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 584 of Pub. L. 87–195 was renumbered section 585 and is classified to section 2349bb–3 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2349bb–3 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2349bb–3. Limitations
The limitations contained in section 2349aa–2(a) and (d) of this title shall apply to this part.
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. II, § 585, formerly § 584,as added Pub. L. 106–280, title III, § 301, Oct. 6, 2000, 114 Stat. 852; renumbered § 585, Pub. L. 107–228, div. B, title XIII, § 1303(1), Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1436.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 585 of Pub. L. 87–195 was renumbered section 586 and is classified to section 2349bb–4 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2349bb–4 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2349bb–4. Authorization of appropriations
(a) Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to the President to carry out this part $162,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.
(b) Availability of funds
Funds made available under subsection (a) may be used notwithstanding any other provision of law (other than section 2304 or 2371 of this title) and shall remain available until expended.
(c) Treatment of appropriations
Amounts made available by the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2002, under “Nonproliferation, Antiterrorism, Demining, and Related Programs” and “Assistance for the Independent States of the Former Soviet Union” accounts for the activities described in subsection (d) shall be considered to be made available pursuant to this part.
(d) Covered activities
The activities referred to in subsection (c) are—
(1) assistance under the Nonproliferation and Disarmament Fund;
(2) assistance for science and technology centers in the independent states of the former Soviet Union;
(3) export control assistance; and
(4) export control and border assistance under part XI of subchapter I of this chapter or the FREEDOM Support Act (22 U.S.C. 5801 et seq.).
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. II, § 586, formerly § 585, as added Pub. L. 106–280, title III, § 301, Oct. 6, 2000, 114 Stat. 852; renumbered § 586 and amended Pub. L. 107–228, div. B, title XIII, §§ 1301(a), 1303(1), Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1435, 1436.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: The Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2002, referred to in subsec. (c), is Pub. L. 107–115, Jan. 10, 2002, 115 Stat. 2118, also known as the Kenneth M. Ludden Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, Fiscal Year 2002. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
The FREEDOM Support Act, referred to in subsec. (d)(4), is Pub. L. 102–511, Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3320, as amended, also known as the Freedom for Russia and Emerging Eurasian Democracies and Open Markets Support Act of 1992. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 5801 of this title and Tables.
heading: Amendments
text: 2002—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107–228, § 1301(a)(1), substituted “$162,000,000 for fiscal year 2003” for “$129,000,000 for fiscal year 2001 and $142,000,000 for fiscal year 2002”.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 107–228, § 1301(a)(2), struck out “fiscal year 2001” before “appropriations” in heading and substituted “2002” for “2001” in text.
heading: Executive Documents
heading: Delegation of Functions
text: For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2349bb–5 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2349bb–5. Proliferation interdiction assistance
Consistent with section 2349bb–2 of this title, the President is authorized to provide assistance to friendly foreign countries for proliferation detection and interdiction activities and for developing complementary capabilities.
(Pub. L. 109–472, § 10(a), Jan. 11, 2007, 120 Stat. 3557.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the Department of State Authorities Act of 2006, and not as part of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 which comprises this chapter.
22 U.S.C. § 2353 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2353. Shipping on United States vessels
The ocean transportation between foreign countries of commodities and defense articles purchased with foreign currencies made available or derived from funds made available under this chapter or the Food for Peace Act, as amended [7 U.S.C. 1691 et seq.], and transfers of fresh fruit and products thereof under this chapter, shall not be governed by the provisions of section 55305 of title 46, or any other law relating to the ocean transportation of commodities on United States flag vessels.
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. III, § 603, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 439; Pub. L. 110–246, title III, § 3001(b)(1)(A), (2)(Q), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1820.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424, as amended, known as the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.
The Food for Peace Act, as amended, referred to in text, is act July 10, 1954, ch. 469, 68 Stat. 454, which is classified principally to chapter 41 (§ 1691 et seq.) of Title 7, Agriculture. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1691 of Title 7 and Tables.
heading: Codification
text: In text, “section 55305 of title 46” substituted for “section 901(b) of the Merchant Marine Act of 1936, as amended (46 U.S.C. 1241)” on authority of Pub. L. 109–304, § 18(c), Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1709, which Act enacted section 55305 of Title 46, Shipping.
heading: Amendments
text: 2008—Pub. L. 110–246 substituted “Food for Peace Act” for “Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954”.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 2008 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, see section 4(b) of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of Title 7, Agriculture.
22 U.S.C. § 2363 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2363. Accounting, valuation, reporting, and administration of foreign currencies
(a) Responsibility of Secretary of the Treasury; regulations
Under the direction of the President, the Secretary of the Treasury shall have responsibility for valuation and central accounting with respect to foreign credits (including currencies) owed to or owned by the United States. In order to carry out such responsibility the Secretary shall issue regulations binding upon all agencies of the Government.
(b) Establishment of exchange rates
The Secretary of the Treasury shall have sole authority to establish for all foreign currencies or credits the exchange rates at which such currencies are to be reported by all agencies of the Government.
(c) Repealed. Pub. L. 97–113, title VII, § 734(a)(1), Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1560
(d) Interest income on foreign currency proceeds; regulations; waiver; report to Congress
In cases where assistance is to be furnished to any recipient country in furtherance of the purposes of this chapter or any other Act on a basis which will result in the accrual of foreign currency proceeds to the United States, the Secretary of the Treasury shall issue regulations requiring that agreements, in respect of such assistance, include provisions for the receipt of interest income on the foreign currency proceeds deposited in authorized depositaries: Provided, That whenever the Secretary of State determines it not to be in the national interest to conclude arrangements for the receipt of interest income he may waive the requirement thereof: Provided further, That the Secretary of State, or his delegate, shall promptly make a complete report to the Congress on each such determination and the reasons therefor.
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. III, § 613, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 443; Pub. L. 89–171, pt. III, § 301(c), Sept. 6, 1965, 79 Stat. 659; Pub. L. 94–273, § 46, Apr. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 382; Pub. L. 97–113, title VII, § 734(a)(1), Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1560.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in subsec. (d), was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424, as amended, known as the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.
heading: Amendments
text: 1981—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 97–113 struck out subsec. (c) which provided for semi-annual reports on foreign currencies acquired without payment of dollars by the United States. See section 2394(a)(8) of this title.
1976—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 94–273 inserted provision relating to reports after Dec. 31, 1975.
1965—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 89–171 added subsec. (d).
heading: Executive Documents
heading: Delegation of Functions
text: For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2365 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2365. Contract authority
Provisions of this chapter authorizing the appropriation of funds shall be construed to authorize the granting in any appropriation Act of authority to enter into contracts, within the amounts so authorized to be appropriated, creating obligations in advance of appropriations.
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. III, § 615, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 444.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424, as amended, known as the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.
22 U.S.C. § 2366 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2366. Availability of funds
Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, funds shall be available to carry out the provisions of this chapter as authorized and appropriated to the President each fiscal year.
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. III, § 616, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 444.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424, as amended, known as the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Administration of Funds
text: Pub. L. 87–329, title I, § 112, Sept. 30, 1961, 75 Stat. 719, provided that funds appropriated under Pub. L. 87–329, popularly known as the Foreign Assistance and Related Agencies Appropriation Act, 1962, should be administered with a favorable view toward those recipient nations which share the view of the United States on the world crisis.
heading: Executive Documents
heading: Delegation of Functions
text: For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2369 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2369. Repealed. Pub. L. 95–424, title VI, § 604, Oct. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 961
text: Section, Pub. L. 87–195, pt. III, § 619, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 444, related to assistance to newly independent countries.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of Repeal
text: Repeal effective Oct. 1, 1978, see section 605 of Pub. L. 95–424, set out as an Effective Date of 1978 Amendment note under section 2151 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2370b (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2370b. Humanitarian assistance code of conduct
(a) In general
None of the funds made available for foreign operations, export financing, and related programs under the headings “Migration and Refugee Assistance”, “United States Emergency Refugee and Migration Assistance Fund”, “International Disaster and Famine Assistance”, or “Transition Initiatives” may be obligated to an organization that fails to adopt a code of conduct that provides for the protection of beneficiaries of assistance under any such heading from sexual exploitation and abuse in humanitarian relief operations.
(b) Consistency with United Nations principles
The code of conduct referred to in subsection (a) shall, to the maximum extent practicable, be consistent with the six core principles of the United Nations Inter-Agency Standing Committee Task Force on Protection From Sexual Exploitation and Abuse in Humanitarian Crises.
(c) Reports
Not later than 180 days after May 11, 2005, and not later than one year after May 11, 2005, the President shall transmit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the implementation of this section.
(d) Effective Date
This section shall take effect 60 days after May 11, 2005, and shall apply to funds obligated after such date for fiscal year 2005 and any subsequent fiscal year.
(Pub. L. 109–13, div. A, title II, § 2110, May 11, 2005, 119 Stat. 268.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act for Defense, the Global War on Terror, and Tsunami Relief, 2005, and not as part of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 which comprises this chapter.
heading: Executive Documents
heading: Assignment of Functions Relating to the Report to the Congress on Implementation of Humanitarian Assistance Code of Conduct
text: Memorandum of President of the United States, May 12, 2006, 71 F.R. 30549, provided:
Memorandum for the Secretary of State
Pursuant to the authority vested in me by the Constitution and laws of the United States, including section 301 of title 3, United States Code, the functions of the President under section 2110(c) of the Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act for Defense, the Global War on Terror, and Tsunami Relief, 2005 (title II of Public Law 109–13) (22 U.S.C. 2370b), are assigned to the Secretary of State.
You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.
George W. Bush.
22 U.S.C. § 2372a (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2372a. Renewal, reissuance, etc., of export licenses to or for Argentina
Any export license referred to in section 2372 1 of this title which is issued initially on or before September 30, 1978 may from time to time thereafter be renewed, reissued or modified (or in the event of lapse of such license, replacement licenses may be issued), provided that any such renewal, reissuance or modification (or any such replacement license) does not change significantly any such license as initially issued.
(Pub. L. 95–240, title II, § 210, Mar. 7, 1978, 92 Stat. 118.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: Section 2372 of this title, referred to in text, was in the original “Section 11 of Public Law 95–92”, meaning section 11 of Pub. L. 95–92, Aug. 4, 1977, 91 Stat. 619, which added section 620B of Pub. L. 87–195. Section 620B of Pub. L. 87–195 was classified to section 2372 of this title and was repealed by Pub. L. 97–113, title VII, § 725(a), Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1553.
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1978, and not as part of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 which comprises this chapter.