dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
2 U.S.C. § 1437b (THE CONGRESS)
§ 1437b. Support for out-of-area covered employees
(a) In general
All covered employees whose location of employment is outside of the Washington, DC area (referred to in this section as “out-of-area covered employees”) shall have equitable access to the resources and services provided by the Office and under this chapter as is provided to covered employees who work in the Washington, DC area.
(b) Office of Congressional Workplace Rights
The Office shall—
(1) establish a method by which out-of-area covered employees may communicate securely with the Office, which shall include an option for real-time audiovisual communication; and
(2) provide guidance to employing offices regarding how each office can facilitate equitable access to the resources and services provided under this chapter for its out-of-area covered employees, including information regarding the communication methods described in paragraph (1).
(c) Employing offices
It is the sense of Congress that each employing office with out-of-area covered employees should use its best efforts to facilitate equitable access to the resources and services provided under this chapter for those employees.
(Pub. L. 104–1, title V, § 510, as added Pub. L. 115–397, title III, § 307(a)(2), Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5325.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 104–1, Jan. 23, 1995, 109 Stat. 3, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1301 of this title and Tables.
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 510 of Pub. L. 104–1 was renumbered section 511 and is classified to section 1438 of this title.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective upon expiration of the 180-day period beginning on Dec. 21, 2018, with provisions for effect on pending proceedings, see section 401 of Pub. L. 115–397, set out as an Effective Date of 2018 Amendment note under section 1301 of this title.
2 U.S.C. § 1438 (THE CONGRESS)
§ 1438. Severability
If any provision of this chapter or the application of such provision to any person or circumstance is held to be invalid, the remainder of this chapter and the application of the provisions of the remainder to any person or circumstance shall not be affected thereby.
(Pub. L. 104–1, title V, § 511, formerly § 509, Jan. 23, 1995, 109 Stat. 44; renumbered § 510, renumbered § 511, Pub. L. 115–397, title III, §§ 306(a)(1), 307(a)(1), Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5324, 5325.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 104–1, Jan. 23, 1995, 109 Stat. 3, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1301 of this title and Tables.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 2018 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 115–397 effective upon expiration of the 180-day period beginning on Dec. 21, 2018, with provisions for effect on pending proceedings, see section 401 of Pub. L. 115–397, set out as a note under section 1301 of this title.
2 U.S.C. § 1502 (THE CONGRESS)
§ 1502. Definitions
For purposes of this chapter—
(1) except as provided in section 1555 of this title, the terms defined under section 658 of this title shall have the meanings as so defined; and
(2) the term “Director” means the Director of the Congressional Budget Office.
(Pub. L. 104–4, § 3, Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 49.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 104–4, Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 48, known as the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1501 of this title and Tables.
2 U.S.C. § 1503 (THE CONGRESS)
§ 1503. Exclusions
This chapter shall not apply to any provision in a bill, joint resolution, amendment, motion, or conference report before Congress and any provision in a proposed or final Federal regulation that—
(1) enforces constitutional rights of individuals;
(2) establishes or enforces any statutory rights that prohibit discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, handicap, or disability;
(3) requires compliance with accounting and auditing procedures with respect to grants or other money or property provided by the Federal Government;
(4) provides for emergency assistance or relief at the request of any State, local, or tribal government or any official of a State, local, or tribal government;
(5) is necessary for the national security or the ratification or implementation of international treaty obligations;
(6) the President designates as emergency legislation and that the Congress so designates in statute; or
(7) relates to the old-age, survivors, and disability insurance program under title II of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 401 et seq.] (including taxes imposed by sections 3101(a) and 3111(a) of title 26 (relating to old-age, survivors, and disability insurance)).
(Pub. L. 104–4, § 4, Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 49.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 104–4, Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 48, known as the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1501 of this title and Tables.
The Social Security Act, referred to in par. (7), is act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, 49 Stat. 620, as amended. Title II of the Act is classified generally to subchapter II (§ 401 et seq.) of chapter 7 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1305 of Title 42 and Tables.
2 U.S.C. § 1504 (THE CONGRESS)
§ 1504. Agency assistance
Each agency shall provide to the Director such information and assistance as the Director may reasonably request to assist the Director in carrying out this chapter.
(Pub. L. 104–4, § 5, Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 50.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 104–4, Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 48, known as the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1501 of this title and Tables.
2 U.S.C. § 1511 (THE CONGRESS)
§ 1511. Cost of regulations
(a) Sense of Congress
It is the sense of the Congress that Federal agencies should review and evaluate planned regulations to ensure that the cost estimates provided by the Congressional Budget Office will be carefully considered as regulations are promulgated.
(b) Statement of cost
At the request of a committee chairman or ranking minority member, the Director shall, to the extent practicable, prepare a comparison between—
(1) an estimate by the relevant agency, prepared under section 1532 of this title, of the costs of regulations implementing an Act containing a Federal mandate; and
(2) the cost estimate prepared by the Congressional Budget Office for such Act when it was enacted by the Congress.
(c) Cooperation of Office of Management and Budget
At the request of the Director of the Congressional Budget Office, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget shall provide data and cost estimates for regulations implementing an Act containing a Federal mandate covered by part B of title IV of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 [2 U.S.C. 658 et seq.].
(Pub. L. 104–4, title I, § 103, Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 62.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: The Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974, referred to in subsec. (c), is Pub. L. 93–344, July 12, 1974, 88 Stat. 297, as amended. Part B of title IV of the Act is classified generally to part B (§ 658 et seq.) of subchapter II of chapter 17A of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 621 of this title and Tables.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Pub. L. 104–4, title I, § 110, Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 64, provided that: “This title [enacting this subchapter and sections 658 to 658g of this title and amending sections 602, 632, and 653 of this title] shall take effect on January 1, 1996 or on the date 90 days after appropriations are made available as authorized under section 109 [2 U.S.C. 1516], whichever is earlier and shall apply to legislation considered on and after such date.”
2 U.S.C. § 1512 (THE CONGRESS)
§ 1512. Consideration for Federal funding
Nothing in this chapter shall preclude a State, local, or tribal government that already complies with all or part of the Federal intergovernmental mandates included in the bill, joint resolution, amendment, motion, or conference report from consideration for Federal funding under section 658d(a)(2) of this title for the cost of the mandate, including the costs the State, local, or tribal government is currently paying and any additional costs necessary to meet the mandate.
(Pub. L. 104–4, title I, § 105, Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 62.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 104–4, Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 48, known as the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1501 of this title and Tables.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective Jan. 1, 1996, or on the date 90 days after appropriations are made available as authorized under section 1516 of this title, whichever is earlier, and applicable to legislation considered on and after such date, see section 110 of Pub. L. 104–4, set out as a note under section 1511 of this title.
2 U.S.C. § 1513 (THE CONGRESS)
§ 1513. Impact on local governments
(a) Findings
The Senate finds that—
(1) the Congress should be concerned about shifting costs from Federal to State and local authorities and should be equally concerned about the growing tendency of States to shift costs to local governments;
(2) cost shifting from States to local governments has, in many instances, forced local governments to raise property taxes or curtail sometimes essential services; and
(3) increases in local property taxes and cuts in essential services threaten the ability of many citizens to attain and maintain the American dream of owning a home in a safe, secure community.
(b) Sense of Senate
It is the sense of the Senate that—
(1) the Federal Government should not shift certain costs to the State, and States should end the practice of shifting costs to local governments, which forces many local governments to increase property taxes;
(2) States should end the imposition, in the absence of full consideration by their legislatures, of State issued mandates on local governments without adequate State funding, in a manner that may displace other essential government priorities; and
(3) one primary objective of this chapter and other efforts to change the relationship among Federal, State, and local governments should be to reduce taxes and spending at all levels and to end the practice of shifting costs from one level of government to another with little or no benefit to taxpayers.
(Pub. L. 104–4, title I, § 106, Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 63.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 104–4, Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 48, known as the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1501 of this title and Tables.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective Jan. 1, 1996, or on the date 90 days after appropriations are made available as authorized under section 1516 of this title, whichever is earlier, and applicable to legislation considered on and after such date, see section 110 of Pub. L. 104–4, set out as a note under section 1511 of this title.
2 U.S.C. § 1514 (THE CONGRESS)
§ 1514. Enforcement in House of Representatives
(a) Omitted
(b) Committee on Rules reports on waived points of order
The Committee on Rules shall include in the report required by clause 1(d) 1 of rule XI (relating to its activities during the Congress) of the Rules of the House of Representatives a separate item identifying all waivers of points of order relating to Federal mandates, listed by bill or joint resolution number and the subject matter of that measure.
(Pub. L. 104–4, title I, § 107, Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 63.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: Clause 1(d) of Rule XI of the Rules of the House of Representatives, referred to in subsec. (b), was amended generally by House Resolution No. 5, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, Jan. 5, 2011.
heading: Codification
text: Section is comprised of section 107 of Pub. L. 104–4. Subsec. (a) of section 107 of Pub. L. 104–4 amended the Rules of the House of Representatives, which are not classified to the Code.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective Jan. 1, 1996, or on the date 90 days after appropriations are made available as authorized under section 1516 of this title, whichever is earlier, and applicable to legislation considered on and after such date, see section 110 of Pub. L. 104–4, set out as a note under section 1511 of this title.
2 U.S.C. § 1515 (THE CONGRESS)
§ 1515. Exercise of rulemaking powers
The provisions of sections 658 to 658g and 1514 of this title are enacted by Congress—
(1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power of the Senate and the House of Representatives, respectively, and as such they shall be considered as part of the rules of such House, respectively, and such rules shall supersede other rules only to the extent that they are inconsistent therewith; and
(2) with full recognition of the constitutional right of either House to change such rules (so far as relating to such House) at any time, in the same manner, and to the same extent as in the case of any other rule of each House.
(Pub. L. 104–4, title I, § 108, Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 63.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective Jan. 1, 1996, or on the date 90 days after appropriations are made available as authorized under section 1516 of this title, whichever is earlier, and applicable to legislation considered on and after such date, see section 110 of Pub. L. 104–4, set out as a note under section 1511 of this title.
2 U.S.C. § 1516 (THE CONGRESS)
§ 1516. Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to the Congressional Budget Office $4,500,000 for each of the fiscal years 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, and 2002 to carry out the provisions of this subchapter.
(Pub. L. 104–4, title I, § 109, Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 64.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This subchapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this title”, meaning title I of Pub. L. 104–4, Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 50, which enacted this subchapter and sections 658 to 658g of this title, amended sections 602, 632, and 653 of this title, and enacted provisions set out as a note under section 1511 of this title.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective Jan. 1, 1996, or on the date 90 days after appropriations are made available as authorized under this section, whichever is earlier, and applicable to legislation considered on and after such date, see section 110 of Pub. L. 104–4, set out as a note under section 1511 of this title.
2 U.S.C. § 1531 (THE CONGRESS)
§ 1531. Regulatory process
Each agency shall, unless otherwise prohibited by law, assess the effects of Federal regulatory actions on State, local, and tribal governments, and the private sector (other than to the extent that such regulations incorporate requirements specifically set forth in law).
(Pub. L. 104–4, title II, § 201, Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 64.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date
text: Pub. L. 104–4, title II, § 209, Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 67, provided that: “This title [enacting this subchapter] and the amendments made by this title shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Mar. 22, 1995].”
heading: Executive Documents
heading: Regulatory Planning and Review
text: For provisions stating regulatory philosophy and principles and setting forth regulatory organization, procedures, and guidelines for centralized review of new and existing regulations to make the regulatory process more efficient, see Ex. Ord. No. 12866, Sept. 30, 1993, 58 F.R. 51735, set out as a note under section 601 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
2 U.S.C. § 1534 (THE CONGRESS)
§ 1534. State, local, and tribal government input
(a) In general
Each agency shall, to the extent permitted in law, develop an effective process to permit elected officers of State, local, and tribal governments (or their designated employees with authority to act on their behalf) to provide meaningful and timely input in the development of regulatory proposals containing significant Federal intergovernmental mandates.
(b) Meetings between State, local, tribal and Federal officers
The Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to actions in support of intergovernmental communications where—
(1) meetings are held exclusively between Federal officials and elected officers of State, local, and tribal governments (or their designated employees with authority to act on their behalf) acting in their official capacities; and
(2) such meetings are solely for the purposes of exchanging views, information, or advice relating to the management or implementation of Federal programs established pursuant to public law that explicitly or inherently share intergovernmental responsibilities or administration.
(c) Implementing guidelines
No later than 6 months after March 22, 1995, the President shall issue guidelines and instructions to Federal agencies for appropriate implementation of subsections (a) and (b) consistent with applicable laws and regulations.
(Pub. L. 104–4, title II, § 204, Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 65.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: The Federal Advisory Committee Act, referred to in subsec. (b), is Pub. L. 92–463, Oct. 6, 1972, 86 Stat. 770, as amended, which is set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
heading: Executive Documents
heading: Delegation of Authority To Issue Guidelines and Instructions
text: Memorandum of President of the United States, Aug. 25, 1995, 60 F.R. 45039, provided:
Memorandum for the Director of the Office of Management and Budget
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and laws of the United States, including section 204(c) of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Public Law 104–4) [2 U.S.C. 1534(c)] and section 301 of title 3 of the United States Code, I hereby delegate to the Director of the Office of Management and Budget the authority vested in the President to issue the guidelines and instructions to Federal agencies required by section 204(c) of that Act.
You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.
William J. Clinton.
2 U.S.C. § 1538 (THE CONGRESS)
§ 1538. Annual statements to Congress on agency compliance
No later than 1 year after March 22, 1995, and annually thereafter, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget shall submit to the Congress, including the Committee on Governmental Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight of the House of Representatives, a written report detailing compliance by each agency during the preceding reporting period with the requirements of this subchapter.
(Pub. L. 104–4, title II, § 208, Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 67.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Change of Name
text: Committee on Governmental Affairs of Senate changed to Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of Senate, effective Jan. 4, 2005, by Senate Resolution No. 445, One Hundred Eighth Congress, Oct. 9, 2004.
Committee on Government Reform and Oversight of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Government Reform of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 5, One Hundred Sixth Congress, Jan. 6, 1999. Committee on Government Reform of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Oversight and Government Reform of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Tenth Congress, Jan. 5, 2007. Committee on Oversight and Government Reform of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Oversight and Reform of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Sixteenth Congress, Jan. 9, 2019.
2 U.S.C. § 1554 (THE CONGRESS)
§ 1554. Annual report to Congress regarding Federal court rulings
No later than 4 months after March 22, 1995, and no later than March 15 of each year thereafter, the Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations shall submit to the Congress, including the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Governmental Affairs of the Senate, and to the President a report describing any Federal court case to which a State, local, or tribal government was a party in the preceding calendar year that required such State, local, or tribal government to undertake responsibilities or activities, beyond those such government would otherwise have undertaken, to comply with Federal statutes and regulations.
(Pub. L. 104–4, title III, § 304, Mar. 22, 1995, 109 Stat. 70.)
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Change of Name
text: Committee on Governmental Affairs of Senate changed to Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of Senate, effective Jan. 4, 2005, by Senate Resolution No. 445, One Hundred Eighth Congress, Oct. 9, 2004.
Committee on Government Reform and Oversight of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Government Reform of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 5, One Hundred Sixth Congress, Jan. 6, 1999. Committee on Government Reform of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Oversight and Government Reform of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Tenth Congress, Jan. 5, 2007. Committee on Oversight and Government Reform of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Oversight and Reform of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Sixteenth Congress, Jan. 9, 2019.