dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
22 U.S.C. § 5855 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 5855. Limitations on defense conversion authorities
Notwithstanding any other provision of law (including any other provision of this Act), funds may not be obligated in any fiscal year for purposes of facilitating the conversion of military technologies and capabilities and defense industries of the former Soviet Union into civilian activities, as authorized by sections 5853(a)(6) and 5854(a)(6) of this title or any other provision of law, unless the President has previously obligated in the same fiscal year an amount equal to or greater than that amount of funds for defense conversion and defense transition activities in the United States. For purposes of this section, the term “defense conversion and defense transition activities in the United States” means those United States Government funded programs whose primary purpose is to assist United States private sector defense workers, United States companies that manufacture or otherwise provide defense goods or services, or United States communities adversely affected by reductions in United States defense spending, such as programs funded through the Office of Economic Adjustment in the Department of Defense or through the Economic Development Administration.
(Pub. L. 102–511, title V, § 505, Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3340; Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title IV, § 405(d)(20)], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–337, 2681–422.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 102–511, Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3320, as amended, known as the Freedom for Russia and Emerging Eurasian Democracies and Open Markets Support Act of 1992 and also as the FREEDOM Support Act. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 5801 of this title and Tables.
heading: Amendments
text: 1998—Pub. L. 105–277 substituted “or through” for “, through the Defense Conversion Adjustment Program (as authorized by the Job Training Partnership Act), or through” in last sentence.
22 U.S.C. § 5856 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 5856. Soviet weapons destruction
(a) , (b) Omitted
(c) Avoidance of duplicative amendments
The amendments made by this section shall not be effective if the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1993 enacts an amendment to section 221(a) of the Soviet Nuclear Threat Reduction Act of 1991 that authorizes the transfer of an amount that is the same or greater than the amount that is authorized by the amendment made by subsection (a)(1) of this section and enacts amendments identical to those in subsections (a)(2) and (b) of this section. If that Act enacts such amendments, sections 5853 and 5858 of this title shall be deemed to apply with respect to the funds made available under such amendments.
(Pub. L. 102–511, title V, § 506, Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3341.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: For the amendments made by this section, referred to in subsec. (c), see Codification note below.
The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1993, referred to in subsec. (c), is Pub. L. 102–484, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2315. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables. See, also, Codification note below.
Section 221(a) of the Soviet Nuclear Threat Reduction Act of 1991, referred to in subsec. (c), was section 221(a) of Pub. L. 102–228, which was set out in a note under section 2551 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title XIII, § 1351(1), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3606. See Codification note below.
heading: Codification
text: Section is comprised of section 506 of Pub. L. 102–511. Subsec. (a) of this section directed the amendment of section 221 of Pub. L. 102–228, which was set out in a note under section 2551 of this title and was repealed by Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title XIII, § 1351(1), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3606. Subsec. (b) of this section directed the amendment of sections 108 and 109 of Pub. L. 102–229, which are not classified to the Code. Because of amendments by section 1421(a)(2)(B), (3) and (b) of Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title XIV, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2565, to section 221 of Pub. L. 102–228 and sections 108 and 109 of Pub. L. 102–229, the amendments directed by subsecs. (a) and (b) of this section did not take effect pursuant to subsec. (c) of this section.
22 U.S.C. § 5857 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 5857. Waiver of certain provisions
(a) In general
Funds made available for fiscal year 1993 under sections 5853 and 5854 of this title to provide assistance or otherwise carry out programs and activities with respect to the independent states of the former Soviet Union under those sections may be used notwithstanding any other provision of law, other than the provisions cited in subsection (b).
(b) Exceptions
Subsection (a) does not apply with respect to—
(1) this subchapter; and
(2) section 1341 of title 31 (commonly referred to as the “Anti-Deficiency Act”), the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974, the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, and the Budget Enforcement Act of 1990.
(Pub. L. 102–511, title V, § 507, Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3341.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: The Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is Pub. L. 93–344, July 12, 1974, 88 Stat. 297, as amended. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 621 of Title 2, The Congress, and Tables.
The Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is title II of Pub. L. 99–177, Dec. 12, 1985, 99 Stat. 1038, as amended, which enacted chapter 20 (§ 900 et seq.) and sections 654 to 656 of Title 2, amended sections 602, 622, 631 to 642, and 651 to 653 of Title 2, sections 1104 to 1106, and 1109 of Title 31, Money and Finance, and section 911 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, repealed section 661 of Title 2, enacted provisions set out as notes under section 900 of Title 2 and section 911 of Title 42, and amended provisions set out as a note under section 621 of Title 2. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 900 of Title 2 and Tables.
The Budget Enforcement Act of 1990, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), is title XIII of Pub. L. 101–508, Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388–573. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1990 Amendment note set out under section 900 of Title 2 and Tables.
22 U.S.C. § 5859 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 5859. International nonproliferation initiative
(a) to (e) Omitted
(f) Avoidance of duplicative authorizations
This section shall not apply if the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1993 enacts the same authorities and requirements as are contained in this section and authorizes the appropriation of the same (or a greater) amount to carry out such authorities.
(Pub. L. 102–511, title V, § 509, Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3343.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1993, referred to in subsec. (f), is Pub. L. 102–484, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2315. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables. See Codification note below.
heading: Codification
text: Section is comprised of section 509 of Pub. L. 102–511. Subsecs. (a) to (e) were omitted pursuant to subsec. (f) because section 1505 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1993, Pub. L. 102–484, which is classified to section 5859a of this title, enacted the same authorities and requirements as contained in subsecs. (a) to (e) and authorized the appropriation of the same or a greater amount to carry out such authorities.
22 U.S.C. § 5911 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 5911. Administration of demilitarization programs
(a) Funding
(1) In recognition of the direct contributions to the national security interests of the United States of the activities specified in section 5902 of this title, funds transferred under sections 108 and 109 of Public Law 102–229 (105 Stat. 1708) are authorized to be made available to carry out this chapter. Of the amount available to carry out this chapter—
(A) not more than $40,000,000 may be made available for programs referred to in section 5902(b)(4) of this title relating to demilitarization of defense industries;
(B) not more than $15,000,000 may be made available for programs referred to in section 5902(b)(6) of this title relating to military-to-military contacts;
(C) not more than $25,000,000 may be made available for joint research development programs pursuant to section 5931 of this title;
(D) not more than $10,000,000 may be made available for the study, assessment, and identification of nuclear waste disposal activities by the former Soviet Union in the Arctic region;
(E) not more than $25,000,000 may be made available for Project PEACE; and
(F) not more than $10,000,000 may be made available for the Volunteers Investing in Peace and Security (VIPS) program under chapter 89 1 of title 10.
(2) , (3) Omitted.
(b) Omitted
(Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title XIV, § 1421, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2564.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: Sections 108 and 109 of Public Law 102–229 (105 Stat. 1708), referred to in subsec. (a)(1), are not classified to the Code.
Chapter 89 of title 10, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(F), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title X, § 1061(a)(1), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 442.
heading: Codification
text: Section is comprised of section 1421 of Pub. L. 102–484. Subsec. (a)(2) and (3) of section 1421 of Pub. L. 102–484 amended section 221 of Pub. L. 102–228, which was set out in a note under section 2551 of this title and was repealed by Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title XIII, § 1351(1), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3606. Subsec. (b) of section 1421 of Pub. L. 102–484 amended sections 108 and 109 of Pub. L. 102–229, which are not classified to the Code.
22 U.S.C. § 5922 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 5922. Quarterly reports on programs
Not later than 30 days after the end of the last fiscal year quarter of fiscal year 1992 and not later than 30 days after the end of each fiscal year quarter of fiscal year 1993, the President shall transmit to the Congress a report on the activities carried out under this chapter. Each such report shall set forth, for the preceding fiscal year quarter and cumulatively, the following:
(1) The amounts expended for such activities and the purposes for which they were expended.
(2) The source of the funds obligated for such activities, specified by program.
(3) A description of the participation of all United States Government departments and agencies and the United States private sector in such activities.
(4) A description of the activities carried out under this chapter and the forms of assistance provided under this chapter, including, with respect to proposed industrial demilitarization projects, additional information on the progress toward demilitarization of facilities and the conversion of the demilitarized facilities to civilian activities.
(5) Such other information as the President considers appropriate to fully inform the Congress concerning the operation of the programs authorized under this chapter.
(Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title XIV, § 1432, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2566.)
heading: Executive Documents
heading: Delegation of Authority
text: Authority of President under this section delegated to Secretary of Defense by section 2 of Memorandum of President of the United States, Dec. 30, 1992, 58 F.R. 3193, set out as a note under section 5852 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 5931 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 5931. Programs with states of former Soviet Union
The Congress encourages the Secretary of Defense to participate actively in joint research and development programs with the independent states of the former Soviet Union through the nongovernmental foundation established for this purpose by section 5861 of this title. To that end, the Secretary of Defense may spend those funds authorized in section 5911(a)(1)(C) of this title for support, technical cooperation, in-kind assistance, and other activities with the following purposes:
(1) To advance defense conversion by funding civilian collaborative research and development projects between scientists and engineers in the United States and in the independent states of the former Soviet Union.
(2) To assist the establishment of a market economy in the independent states of the former Soviet Union by promoting, identifying, and partially funding joint research, development, and demonstration ventures between United States businesses and scientists, engineers, and entrepreneurs in those independent states.
(3) To provide a mechanism for scientists, engineers, and entrepreneurs in the independent states of the former Soviet Union to develop an understanding of commercial business practices by establishing linkages to United States scientists, engineers, and businesses.
(4) To provide access for United States businesses to sophisticated new technologies, talented researchers, and potential new markets within the independent states of the former Soviet Union.
(5) To provide productive research and development opportunities within the independent states of the former Soviet Union that offer scientists and engineers alternatives to emigration and help prevent proliferation of weapons technologies and the dissolution of the technological infrastructure of those states.
(Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title XIV, § 1441, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2566; Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title XI, § 1182(c)(4), Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1772.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: Amendments
text: 1993—Pub. L. 103–160 made technical amendment to reference to section 5861 of this title to correct reference to corresponding section of original Act.
22 U.S.C. § 5954 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 5954. Funding for fiscal year 1994
(a) Authorization of appropriations
Funds authorized to be appropriated under section 301(21) 1 shall be available for cooperative threat reduction with states of the former Soviet Union under this chapter.
(b) Limitations
(1) Not more than $15,000,000 of the funds referred to in subsection (a) may be made available for programs authorized in subsection (b)(6) of section 5952 1 of this title.
(2) Not more than $20,000,000 of such funds may be made available for programs authorized in subsection (b)(7) of section 5952 1 of this title.
(3) Not more than $40,000,000 of such funds may be made available for grants to the Demilitarization Enterprise Fund designated pursuant to section 5953 1 of this title and for related administrative expenses.
(c) Authorization of extension of availability of prior year funds
To the extent provided in appropriations Acts, the authority to transfer funds of the Department of Defense provided in section 9110(a) of the Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 1993 (Public Law 102–396; 106 Stat. 1928), and in section 108 of Public Law 102–229 (105 Stat. 1708) shall continue to be in effect during fiscal year 1994.
(Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title XII, § 1205, Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1781.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: Section 301(21), referred to in subsec. (a), means section 301(21) of Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title III, Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1616, which is not classified to the Code.
Sections 5952 and 5953 of this title, referred to in subsec. (b), were repealed by Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title XIII, § 1351(3), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3607.
Section 9110(a) of the Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 1993, referred to in subsec. (c), is section 9110(a) of Pub. L. 102–396, title IX, Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1928, which is not classified to the Code.
Section 108 of Public Law 102–229, referred to in subsec. (c), is section 108 of Pub. L. 102–229, title I, Dec. 12, 1991, 105 Stat. 1708, as amended, which is not classified to the Code.
22 U.S.C. § 5958 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 5958. Authorization for additional fiscal year 1993 assistance to independent states of the former Soviet Union
(a) Authorization of appropriations
There is hereby authorized to be appropriated for fiscal year 1993 for “Operation and Maintenance, Defense Agencies” the additional sum of $979,000,000, to be available for the purposes of providing assistance to the independent states of the former Soviet Union.
(b) Authorization of transfer of funds
The Secretary of Defense may, to the extent provided in appropriations Acts, transfer from the account “Operation and Maintenance, Defense Agencies” for fiscal year 1993 a sum not to exceed the amount appropriated pursuant to the authorization in subsection (a) to—
(1) other accounts of the Department of Defense for the purpose of providing assistance to the independent states of the former Soviet Union; or
(2) appropriations available to the Department of State and other agencies of the United States Government for the purpose of providing assistance to the independent states of the former Soviet Union for programs that the President determines will increase the national security of the United States.
(c) Administrative provisions
(1) Amounts transferred under subsection (b) shall be available subject to the same terms and conditions as the appropriations to which transferred.
(2) The authority to make transfers pursuant to this section is in addition to any other transfer authority of the Department of Defense.
(d) Coordination of programs
The President shall coordinate the programs described in subsection (b) with those authorized in the other provisions of this chapter and in the provisions of the Freedom for Russia and Emerging Eurasian Democracies and Open Markets Support Act of 1992 (Public Law 102–511) so as to optimize the contribution such programs make to the national interests of the United States.
(Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title XII, § 1209, Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1782.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: The Freedom for Russia and Emerging Eurasian Democracies and Open Markets Support Act of 1992, referred to in subsec. (d), is Pub. L. 102–511, Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3320, as amended. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 5801 of this title and Tables.
22 U.S.C. § 6006 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 6006. Policy toward a transitional Cuban Government
Food, medicine, and medical supplies for humanitarian purposes should be made available for Cuba under the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 [22 U.S.C. 2151 et seq.] and the Food for Peace Act [7 U.S.C. 1691 et seq.] if the President determines and certifies to the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate that the government in power in Cuba—
(1) has made a public commitment to hold free and fair elections for a new government within 6 months and is proceeding to implement that decision;
(2) has made a public commitment to respect, and is respecting, internationally recognized human rights and basic democratic freedoms; and
(3) is not providing weapons or funds to any group, in any other country, that seeks the violent overthrow of the government of that country.
(Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title XVII, § 1707, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2579; Pub. L. 110–246, title III, § 3001(b)(1)(A), (2)(V), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1820, 1821.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424, as amended, which is classified principally to chapter 32 (§ 2151 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.
The Food for Peace Act, referred to in text, is act July 10, 1954, ch. 469, 68 Stat. 454, which is classified generally to chapter 41 (§ 1691 et seq.) of Title 7, Agriculture. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1691 of Title 7 and Tables.
heading: Amendments
text: 2008—Pub. L. 110–246 substituted “Food for Peace Act” for “Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954” in introductory provisions.
heading: Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
heading: Effective Date of 2008 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, see section 4(b) of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of Title 7, Agriculture.
22 U.S.C. § 6009 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 6009. Enforcement
(a) Enforcement authority
The authority to enforce this chapter shall be carried out by the Secretary of the Treasury. The Secretary of the Treasury shall exercise the authorities of the Trading With the Enemy Act [50 U.S.C. 4301 et seq.] in enforcing this chapter. In carrying out this subsection, the Secretary of the Treasury shall take the necessary steps to ensure that activities permitted under section 6004 of this title are carried out for the purposes set forth in this chapter and not for purposes of the accumulation by the Cuban Government of excessive amounts of United States currency or the accumulation of excessive profits by any person or entity.
(b) Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of the Treasury such sums as may be necessary to carry out this chapter.
(c) Omitted
(d) Applicability of penalties
The penalties set forth in section 16 of the Trading With the Enemy Act [50 U.S.C. 4315] shall apply to violations of this chapter to the same extent as such penalties apply to violations under that Act [50 U.S.C. 4301 et seq.].
(e) Office of Foreign Assets Control
The Department of the Treasury shall establish and maintain a branch of the Office of Foreign Assets Control in Miami, Florida, in order to strengthen the enforcement of this chapter.
(Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title XVII, § 1710, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2580.)
heading: Editorial Notes
heading: References in Text
text: The Trading With the Enemy Act, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (d), is act Oct. 6, 1917, ch. 106, 40 Stat. 411, which is classified to chapter 53 (§ 4301 et seq.) of Title 50, War and National Defense. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
heading: Codification
text: Section is comprised of section 1710 of Pub. L. 102–484. Subsec. (c) of section 1710 of Pub. L. 102–484 amended section 4315 of Title 50, War and National Defense.