34 U.S.C. § 10101 (CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT)
§ 10101. Establishment of Office of Justice Programs
There is hereby established an Office of Justice Programs within the Department of Justice under the general authority of the Attorney General. The Office of Justice Programs (hereinafter referred to in this chapter as the “Office”) shall be headed by an Assistant Attorney General (hereinafter in this chapter referred to as the “Assistant Attorney General”) appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate.
(Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 101, as added Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 603(a), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2077.)
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this title”, meaning title I of Pub. L. 90–351, as added by Pub. L. 96–157, § 2, Dec. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 1167, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title I to the Code, see Tables.
heading: Codification
text: Section was formerly classified to section 3711 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 101 of Pub. L. 90–351, title I, as added Pub. L. 96–157, § 2, Dec. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 1170, established Law Enforcement Assistance Administration, prior to the general amendment of part A of title I of Pub. L. 90–351 by Pub. L. 98–473.
Another prior section 101 of Pub. L. 90–351, title I, June 19, 1968, 82 Stat. 198; Pub. L. 91–644, title I, § 2, Jan. 2, 1971, 84 Stat. 1881; Pub. L. 93–83, § 2, Aug. 6, 1973, 87 Stat. 197; Pub. L. 94–503, title I, §§ 102, 103, Oct. 15, 1976, 90 Stat. 2407, established Law Enforcement Assistance Administration and Office of Community Anti-Crime Programs, prior to the general amendment of this chapter by Pub. L. 96–157.
heading: Effective Date
text: Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 609AA, Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2107, provided that:
“(a) Except as provided in subsection (b), this division and the amendments made by this title [probably means division, see Short Title of 1984 Act note below] shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this joint resolution [Oct. 12, 1984] or October 1, 1984, whichever is later.
“(b)
(1) The amendment made by section 609F [amending sections 10281, 10282, 10284, and 10285 of this title] shall take effect on October 1, 1984, and shall not apply with respect to injuries sustained before October 1, 1984.
“(2) Section 609Z [repealing section 204 of Pub. L. 98–411, which had amended sections 10281, 10282, and 10284 of this title and enacted provisions set out as a note under section 10281 of this title] shall take effect on October 1, 1984.”
heading: Short Title of 2019 Amendment
text: Pub. L. 116–69, div. B, title VII, § 1701(a), Nov. 21, 2019, 133 Stat. 1140, provided that: “This section [amending section 20144 of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under section 20144 of this title] may be cited as the ‘United States Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Fund Clarification Act’.”
Pub. L. 116–32, § 1, July 25, 2019, 133 Stat. 1036, provided that: “This Act [amending sections 10261 and 10491 to 10493 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Supporting and Treating Officers In Crisis Act of 2019’.”
Pub. L. 115–424, § 1, Jan. 7, 2019, 132 Stat. 5465, provided that: “This Act [enacting section 20342 of this title and amending sections 20301 to 20307, 20323, and 20333 of this title and section 5106a of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare] may be cited as the ‘Victims of Child Abuse Act Reauthorization Act of 2018’.”
heading: Short Title of 2018 Amendment
text: Pub. L. 115–401, § 1, Dec. 31, 2018, 132 Stat. 5336, provided that: “This Act [enacting chapter 219 of this title, amending sections 40504 and 50112 of this title, and amending provisions set out as a note under section 40504 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Ashanti Alert Act of 2018’.”
Pub. L. 115–393, § 1(a), Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5265, provided that: “This Act [enacting sections 11295a, 20709b, and 20709c of this title, section 645a of Title 6, Domestic Security, section 1595A of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, and section 7105b of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse, amending sections 10381, 11291 to 11294, 11296, 11297, 12451, 20333, 20701, 20702, 20705, 20709, and 41303 of this title, section 1232 of Title 8, Aliens and Nationality, sections 1593A and 3056 of Title 18, and sections 7105, 7109a, 7110, and 7113 of Title 22, enacting provisions set out as a note under section 20702 of this title, and repealing provisions set out as a note under section 20702 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2017’.”
Pub. L. 115–391, title V, § 501, Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5222, provided that: “This title [enacting sections 10741, 60505, and 60506 of this title, amending sections 10261, 10591, 10593, 10631, 60502, 60504, 60511, 60521, 60531, and 60541 of this title, section 3624 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, and sections 3797s—5 and 17555 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, repealing sections 10581, 10633, 10681, 60532, and 60544 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under section 60501 of this title and section 3621 of Title 18] may be cited as the ‘Second Chance Reauthorization Act of 2018’.”
Pub. L. 115–385, § 1, Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5123, provided that: “This Act [enacting sections 11314, 11321, and 11322 of this title, amending sections 11102, 11103, 11114, 11116, 11117, 11131 to 11133, 11161, 11162, 11182, 11280, and 11311 to 11313 of this title and section 5784 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, repealing sections 11141 to 11146 and 11181 of this title and section 5784 of Title 42, enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and section 11102 of this title, and amending provisions set out as a note under this section] may be cited as the ‘Juvenile Justice Reform Act of 2018’.”
Pub. L. 115–274, § 1, Oct. 31, 2018, 132 Stat. 4160, provided that: “This Act [amending section 30307 of this title and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 3551 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure] may be cited as the ‘United States Parole Commission Extension Act of 2018’.”
Pub. L. 115–271, title VIII, § 8091, Oct. 24, 2018, 132 Stat. 4103, provided that: “This subtitle [subtitle H (§§ 8091, 8092) of title VIII of Pub. L. 115–271, amending section 10261 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Reauthorizing and Extending Grants for Recovery from Opioid Use Programs Act of 2018’ or the ‘REGROUP Act of 2018’.”
Pub. L. 115–267, § 1, Oct. 11, 2018, 132 Stat. 3756, provided that: “This Act [enacting section 11295a of this title, amending sections 11291 to 11294, 11296, and 11297 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 11291 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Missing Children’s Assistance Act of 2018’.”
Pub. L. 115–257, § 1, Oct. 9, 2018, 132 Stat. 3660, provided that: “This Act [amending section 40701 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Justice Served Act of 2018’.”
Pub. L. 115–185, § 1, June 18, 2018, 132 Stat. 1485, provided that: “This Act [enacting chapter 607 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Project Safe Neighborhoods Grant Program Authorization Act of 2018’.”
Pub. L. 115–166, § 1, Apr. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1274, provided that: “This Act [amending section 20504 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Ashlynne Mike AMBER Alert in Indian Country Act’.”
Pub. L. 115–141, div. Q, § 1, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1115, provided that: “This division [enacting sections 12622 and 12623 of this title, amending sections 11293 and 12621 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and section 12623 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Kevin and Avonte’s Law of 2018’.”
Pub. L. 115–141, div. Q, title I, § 101, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1116, provided that: “This title [enacting section 12622 of this title and amending section 12621 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Missing Americans Alert Program Act of 2018’.”
Pub. L. 115–141, div. S, title V, § 501, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1128, provided that: “This title [enacting sections 10555 and 10556 of this title, amending sections 10551 to 10554 of this title, and repealing section 3797e of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare] may be cited as the ‘Student, Teachers, and Officers Preventing School Violence Act of 2018’ or the ‘STOP School Violence Act of 2018’.”
Pub. L. 115–141, div. S, title VI, § 601, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1132, provided that: “This title [enacting section 40917 of this title and amending sections 40301, 40302, 40901, 40912, and 40913 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Fix NICS Act of 2018’.”
Pub. L. 115–113, § 1, Jan. 10, 2018, 131 Stat. 2276, provided that: “This Act [amending section 10381 of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes preceding section 50101 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Law Enforcement Mental Health and Wellness Act of 2017’.”
Pub. L. 115–107, § 1, Jan. 8, 2018, 131 Stat. 2266, provided that: “This Act [amending sections 40701 and 40723 of this title and provisions set out as a note under section 40701 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Sexual Assault Forensic Evidence Reporting Act of 2017’ or the ‘SAFER Act of 2017’.”
heading: Short Title of 2017 Amendment
text: Pub. L. 115–82, § 1, Nov. 2, 2017, 131 Stat. 1266, provided that: “This Act [amending section 21117 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Providing Resources, Officers, and Technology To Eradicate Cyber Threats to Our Children Act of 2017’ or the ‘PROTECT Our Children Act of 2017’.”
Pub. L. 115–76, § 1, Nov. 2, 2017, 131 Stat. 1246, provided that: “This Act [enacting subchapter XXXIX of chapter 101 of this title, section 383 of Title 6, Domestic Security, and provisions set out as a note under this section] may be cited as the ‘Strengthening State and Local Cyber Crime Fighting Act of 2017’.”
Pub. L. 115–70, § 1(a), Oct. 18, 2017, 131 Stat. 1208, provided that: “This Act [enacting chapter 217 of this title and sections 2325 and 2328 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, amending section 2326 of Title 18 and section 1397m–1 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, repealing section 2325 of Title 18, and enacting provisions set out as a note under this section] may be cited as the ‘Elder Abuse Prevention and Prosecution Act’.”
Pub. L. 115–70, title IV, § 401, Oct. 18, 2017, 131 Stat. 1213, provided that: “This title [enacting sections 2325 and 2328 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, amending section 2326 of Title 18, and repealing section 2325 of Title 18] may be cited as the ‘Robert Matava Elder Abuse Prosecution Act of 2017’.”
Pub. L. 115–50, § 1, Aug. 18, 2017, 131 Stat. 1001, provided that: “This Act [amending sections 12591, 12592, 40702, and 40703 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Rapid DNA Act of 2017’.”
Pub. L. 115–37, § 1, June 2, 2017, 131 Stat. 854, provided that: “This Act [amending section 10381 of this title] may be cited as the ‘American Law Enforcement Heroes Act of 2017’.”
Pub. L. 115–36, § 1, June 2, 2017, 131 Stat. 849, provided that: “This Act [enacting section 10288 of this title, amending sections 10282, 10285, and 10302 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 10282 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Public Safety Officers’ Benefits Improvement Act of 2017’.”
heading: Short Title of 2016 Act
text: Pub. L. 114–324, § 1, Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1948, provided that: “This Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Justice for All Reauthorization Act of 2016’.”
Pub. L. 114–324, § 14(a), Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1958, provided that: “This section [amending section 10153 of this title and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 10153 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Effective Administration of Criminal Justice Act of 2016’.”
Pub. L. 114–199, § 1, July 22, 2016, 130 Stat. 780, provided that: “This Act [amending section 10381 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Protecting Our Lives by Initiating COPS Expansion Act of 2016’ or the ‘POLICE Act of 2016’.”
Pub. L. 114–155, § 1, May 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 389, provided that: “This Act [amending sections 10202, 10261, and 10531 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Bulletproof Vest Partnership Grant Program Reauthorization Act of 2015’.”
Pub. L. 114–119, § 1(a), Feb. 8, 2016, 130 Stat. 15, provided that: “This Act [enacting chapter 215 of this title and section 212b of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse, and amending section 20914 of this title and section 2250 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure] may be cited as the ‘International Megan’s Law to Prevent Child Exploitation and Other Sexual Crimes Through Advanced Notification of Traveling Sex Offenders’.”
heading: Short Title of 2015 Act
text: Pub. L. 114–22, title I, § 116(a), May 29, 2015, 129 Stat. 244, provided that: “This section [amending section 41308 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Bringing Missing Children Home Act’.”
Pub. L. 114–22, title IV, § 401, May 29, 2015, 129 Stat. 256, provided that: “This title [enacting chapter 213 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Rape Survivor Child Custody Act’.”
Pub. L. 114–22, title V, § 501, May 29, 2015, 129 Stat. 258, provided that: “This title [enacting section 20931 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Military Sex Offender Reporting Act of 2015’.”
Pub. L. 114–22, title X, § 1001, May 29, 2015, 129 Stat. 266, provided that: “This title [amending section 10381 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Human Trafficking Survivors Relief and Empowerment Act of 2015’.”
Pub. L. 114–12, § 1, May 19, 2015, 129 Stat. 192, provided that: “This Act [enacting chapter 505 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Rafael Ramos and Wenjian Liu National Blue Alert Act of 2015’.”
heading: Short Title of 2014 Act
text: Pub. L. 113–242, § 1, Dec. 18, 2014, 128 Stat. 2860, provided that: “This Act [enacting section 60105 of this title and provisions set out as a note under section 4001 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure] may be cited as the ‘Death in Custody Reporting Act of 2013’.”
Pub. L. 113–182, § 1, Sept. 29, 2014, 128 Stat. 1918, provided that: “This Act [amending sections 40701, 40722, and 40723 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Debbie Smith Reauthorization Act of 2014’.”
Pub. L. 113–163, § 1, Aug. 8, 2014, 128 Stat. 1864, provided that: “This Act [enacting section 20307 of this title and amending sections 20101 and 20306 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Victims of Child Abuse Act Reauthorization Act of 2013’.”
heading: Short Title of 2013 Act
text: Pub. L. 113–38, § 1, Sept. 30, 2013, 127 Stat. 527, provided that: “This Act [enacting section 11296 of this title and amending sections 11291, 11293, 11294, and 11297 of this title] may be cited as the ‘E. Clay Shaw, Jr. Missing Children’s Assistance Reauthorization Act of 2013’.”
Pub. L. 113–4, § 1, Mar. 7, 2013, 127 Stat. 54, provided that: “This Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2013’.”
Pub. L. 113–4, title X, § 1001, Mar. 7, 2013, 127 Stat. 127, provided that: “This title [amending section 40701 of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under section 40701 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Sexual Assault Forensic Evidence Reporting Act of 2013’ or the ‘SAFER Act of 2013’.”
Pub. L. 112–253, § 1, Jan. 10, 2013, 126 Stat. 2407, provided that: “This Act [enacting sections 40741 to 40744 of this title and amending section 40701 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Katie Sepich Enhanced DNA Collection Act of 2012’.”
Pub. L. 112–239, div. A, title X, § 1086(a), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 1964, provided that: “This section [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Dale Long Public Safety Officers’ Benefits Improvements Act of 2012’.”
heading: Short Title of 2012 Act
text: Pub. L. 112–189, § 1, Oct. 5, 2012, 126 Stat. 1435, provided that: “This Act [amending section 10516 of this title and repealing section 14102 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare] may be cited as the ‘Reporting Efficiency Improvement Act’.”
heading: Short Title of 2010 Act
text: Pub. L. 111–341, § 1, Dec. 22, 2010, 124 Stat. 3606, provided that: “This Act [amending provisions set out as a note under section 40102 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Criminal History Background Checks Pilot Extension Act of 2010’.”
Pub. L. 111–143, § 1, Mar. 1, 2010, 124 Stat. 41, provided that: “This Act [amending provisions set out as a note under section 40102 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Criminal History Background Checks Pilot Extension Act of 2009’.”
heading: Short Title of 2009 Act
text: Pub. L. 111–84, div. E, § 4701, Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2835, provided that: “This division [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Matthew Shepard and James Byrd, Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act’.”
heading: Short Title of 2008 Act
text: Pub. L. 110–421, § 1, Oct. 15, 2008, 122 Stat. 4778, provided that: “This Act [amending section 10261 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Bulletproof Vest Partnership Grant Act of 2008’.”
Pub. L. 110–416, § 1(a), Oct. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 4352, provided that: “This Act [amending section 10651 of this title and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 10651 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Mentally Ill Offender Treatment and Crime Reduction Reauthorization and Improvement Act of 2008’.”
Pub. L. 110–401, § 1(a), Oct. 13, 2008, 122 Stat. 4229, provided that: “This Act [enacting chapter 211 of this title and sections 2258A to 2258E of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, amending sections 2251, 2252A, 2256, 2260, and 2702 of Title 18, repealing section 13032 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 2251 of Title 18] may be cited as the ‘Providing Resources, Officers, and Technology To Eradicate Cyber Threats to Our Children Act of 2008’ or the ‘PROTECT Our Children Act of 2008’.”
Pub. L. 110–400, § 1, Oct. 13, 2008, 122 Stat. 4224, provided that: “This Act [enacting sections 20916 and 20917 of this title, amending section 20981 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 20981 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Keeping the Internet Devoid of Sexual Predators Act of 2008’ or the ‘KIDS Act of 2008’.”
Pub. L. 110–378, § 1, Oct. 8, 2008, 122 Stat. 4068, provided that: “This Act [enacting sections 11245 and 11278 of this title and amending sections 11201, 11211, 11212, 11222, 11243, 11261, 11279, and 11280 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Reconnecting Homeless Youth Act of 2008’.”
Pub. L. 110–360, § 1, Oct. 8, 2008, 122 Stat. 4008, provided that: “This Act [amending sections 40701, 40722, and 40723 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Debbie Smith Reauthorization Act of 2008’.”
Pub. L. 110–345, § 1, Oct. 7, 2008, 122 Stat. 3938, provided that: “This Act [amending section 10663 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Drug Endangered Children Act of 2007’.”
Pub. L. 110–315, title IX, § 951, Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3470, provided that: “This part [part E (§§ 951, 952) of title IX of Pub. L. 110–315, enacting subchapter XXXV of this chapter] may be cited as the ‘John R. Justice Prosecutors and Defenders Incentive Act of 2008’.”
Pub. L. 110–298, § 1, July 31, 2008, 122 Stat. 2985, provided that: “This Act [enacting chapter 503 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Law Enforcement Congressional Badge of Bravery Act of 2008’.”
Pub. L. 110–296, § 1, July 30, 2008, 122 Stat. 2974, and Pub. L. 110–408, § 1, Oct. 13, 2008, 122 Stat. 4301, provided that: “This Act [amending provisions set out as a note under section 40102 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Criminal History Background Checks Pilot Extension Act of 2008’.”
Pub. L. 110–240, § 1, June 3, 2008, 122 Stat. 1560, provided that: “This Act [amending sections 11291, 11293, and 11297 of this title and repealing section 5776a of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare] may be cited as the ‘Protecting Our Children Comes First Act of 2007’.”
Pub. L. 110–199, § 1, Apr. 9, 2008, 122 Stat. 657, provided that: “This Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Second Chance Act of 2007: Community Safety Through Recidivism Prevention’ or the ‘Second Chance Act of 2007’.”
Pub. L. 110–180, § 1(a), Jan. 8, 2008, 121 Stat. 2559, provided that: “This Act [enacting chapter 409 of this title] may be cited as the ‘NICS Improvement Amendments Act of 2007’.”
heading: Short Title of 2006 Act
text: Pub. L. 109–248, § 1(a), July 27, 2006, 120 Stat. 587, provided that: “This Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act of 2006’.”
Pub. L. 109–248, title I, § 101, July 27, 2006, 120 Stat. 590, provided that: “This title [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act’.”
Pub. L. 109–248, title VI, § 611, July 27, 2006, 120 Stat. 632, provided that: “This subtitle [subtitle B (§§ 611–617) of title VI of Pub. L. 109–248, amending provisions set out as a note under section 11313 of this title] may be cited as the ‘National Police Athletic League Youth Enrichment Reauthorization Act of 2006’.”
Pub. L. 109–162, § 1, Jan. 5, 2006, 119 Stat. 2960, as amended by Pub. L. 109–271, § 1(a), Aug. 12, 2006, 120 Stat. 750, provided that:
“(a) In General.—
This Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Violence Against Women and Department of Justice Reauthorization Act of 2005’.
“(b) Separate Short Titles.—
Section 3 and titles I through IX of this Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2005’. Title XI of this Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Department of Justice Appropriations Authorization Act of 2005’.”
Pub. L. 109–162, title X, § 1001, Jan. 5, 2006, 119 Stat. 3084, provided that: “This title [amending sections 12592, 40701, and 40702 of this title and sections 3142 and 3297 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure] may be cited as the ‘DNA Fingerprint Act of 2005’.”
heading: Short Title of 2004 Act
text: Pub. L. 108–414, § 1, Oct. 30, 2004, 118 Stat. 2327, provided that: “This Act [enacting subchapter XXXIII of this chapter and provisions set out as notes under section 10651 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Mentally Ill Offender Treatment and Crime Reduction Act of 2004’.”
Pub. L. 108–405, § 1(a), Oct. 30, 2004, 118 Stat. 2260, provided that: “This Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Justice for All Act of 2004’.”
Pub. L. 108–405, title II, § 201, Oct. 30, 2004, 118 Stat. 2266, provided that: “This title [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Debbie Smith Act of 2004’.”
Pub. L. 108–405, title III, § 301, Oct. 30, 2004, 118 Stat. 2272, provided that: “This title [enacting sections 40722 to 40726 of this title, amending sections 10261, 10441 to 10450, 10562, 10564, 12592, and 40706 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 10446 of this title] may be cited as the ‘DNA Sexual Assault Justice Act of 2004’.”
heading: Short Title of 2003 Act
text: Pub. L. 108–182, § 1, Dec. 15, 2003, 117 Stat. 2649, provided that: “This Act [amending section 10281 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Hometown Heroes Survivors Benefits Act of 2003’.”
Pub. L. 108–96, § 1, Oct. 10, 2003, 117 Stat. 1167, provided that: “This Act [enacting section 11281 of this title, amending sections 11201, 11211, 11212, 11222, 11241, 11243, 11244, 11279, 11280, 11291, 11293, and 11297 of this title, repealing section 5714–25 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 11201 of this title and provisions formerly set out as a note under section 5714–1 of Title 42] may be cited as the ‘Runaway, Homeless, and Missing Children Protection Act’.”
Pub. L. 108–79, § 1(a), Sept. 4, 2003, 117 Stat. 972, provided that: “This Act [enacting chapter 303 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Prison Rape Elimination Act of 2003’.”
heading: Short Title of 2002 Act
text: Pub. L. 107–273, div. A, title IV, § 401, Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1789, provided that: “This title [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Violence Against Women Office Act’.”
Pub. L. 107–273, div. B, title II, § 2001, Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1792, provided that: “This title [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Drug Abuse Education, Prevention, and Treatment Act of 2002’.”
Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title I, § 11027(a), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1834, provided that: “This section [enacting subchapter XXXII of this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Crime-Free Rural States Act of 2002’.”
Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title II, § 12101, Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1859, provided that: “This subtitle [subtitle A (§§ 12101, 12102) of title II of div. C of Pub. L. 107–273, enacting subchapter XVII of this chapter and provisions set out as a note under section 10401 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Consequences for Juvenile Offenders Act of 2002’.”
Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title II, § 12201, Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1869, provided that: “This subtitle [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 2002’.”
Pub. L. 107–196, § 1, June 24, 2002, 116 Stat. 719, provided that: “This Act [amending sections 10281 and 10284 of this title and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 10281 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Mychal Judge Police and Fire Chaplains Public Safety Officers’ Benefit Act of 2002’.”
heading: Short Title of 2000 Act
text: Pub. L. 106–572, § 1, Dec. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 3058, provided that: “This Act [enacting section 30101 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Computer Crime Enforcement Act’.”
Pub. L. 106–561, § 1, Dec. 21, 2000, 114 Stat. 2787, provided that: “This Act [enacting subchapter XXVII of this chapter, amending sections 10152, 10154, 10261, and 40301 of this title and section 983 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, and enacting provisions set out as notes under section 40701 of this title and section 983 of Title 18] may be cited as the ‘Paul Coverdell National Forensic Sciences Improvement Act of 2000’.”
Pub. L. 106–560, § 1, Dec. 21, 2000, 114 Stat. 2784, provided that: “This Act [enacting sections 60101 to 60104 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Interstate Transportation of Dangerous Criminals Act of 2000’ or ‘Jeanna’s Act’.”
Pub. L. 106–546, § 1, Dec. 19, 2000, 114 Stat. 2726, provided that: “This Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘DNA Analysis Backlog Elimination Act of 2000’.”
Pub. L. 106–517, § 1, Nov. 13, 2000, 114 Stat. 2407, provided that: “This Act [amending sections 10261 and 10531 to 10533 of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 10531 and 10533 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Bulletproof Vest Partnership Grant Act of 2000’.”
Pub. L. 106–515, § 1, Nov. 13, 2000, 114 Stat. 2399, provided that: “This Act [enacting subchapter XXI of this chapter, amending section 10261 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 10471 of this title] may be cited as the ‘America’s Law Enforcement and Mental Health Project’.”
Pub. L. 106–468, § 1, Nov. 9, 2000, 114 Stat. 2027, provided that: “This Act [enacting section 40504 of this title and provisions set out as a note under section 40504 of this title] may be cited as ‘Kristen’s Act’.”
Pub. L. 106–386, div. B, § 1001, Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1491, provided that: “This division [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Violence Against Women Act of 2000’.”
Pub. L. 106–297, § 1, Oct. 13, 2000, 114 Stat. 1045, provided that: “This Act [amending section 12104 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Death in Custody Reporting Act of 2000’.”
Pub. L. 106–177, title I, § 101, Mar. 10, 2000, 114 Stat. 35, provided that: “This title [amending sections 10152, 20101, and 40301 of this title and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 20101 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Child Abuse Prevention and Enforcement Act’.”
Pub. L. 106–177, title II, § 201, Mar. 10, 2000, 114 Stat. 36, provided that: “This title [enacting chapter 405 of this title] may be cited as ‘Jennifer’s Law’.”
heading: Short Title of 1999 Act
text: Pub. L. 106–71, § 1, Oct. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1032, provided that: “This Act [enacting sections 11245, 11261, 11276, and 11279 of this title, amending sections 11201, 11211, 11212, 11213, 11221 to 11241, 11243, 11244, 11271 to 11275, 11277, 11280 to 11293, 11294, and 11297 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 7101 of Title 20, Education] may be cited as the ‘Missing, Exploited, and Runaway Children Protection Act’.”
heading: Short Title of 1998 Act
text: Pub. L. 105–390, § 1, Nov. 13, 1998, 112 Stat. 3495, provided that: “This Act [amending sections 10301, 10302, 10304, 10306, and 10307 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Police, Fire, and Emergency Officers Educational Assistance Act of 1998’.”
Pub. L. 105–251, title I, § 101, Oct. 9, 1998, 112 Stat. 1871, provided that: “This title [enacting section 40301 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Crime Identification Technology Act of 1998’.”
Pub. L. 105–251, title II, § 201, Oct. 9, 1998, 112 Stat. 1874, provided that: “This title [enacting subchapter II of chapter 403 of this title, amending sections 40102 and 40103 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as a note under this section] may be cited as the ‘National Criminal History Access and Child Protection Act’.”
Pub. L. 105–251, title II, § 211, Oct. 9, 1998, 112 Stat. 1874, provided that: “This subtitle [subtitle A (§§ 211–217) of title II of Pub. L. 105–251, enacting subchapter II of chapter 403 of this title] may be cited as the ‘National Crime Prevention and Privacy Compact Act of 1998’.”
Pub. L. 105–251, title II, § 221, Oct. 9, 1998, 112 Stat. 1885, provided that: “This subtitle [subtitle B (§§ 221, 222) of title II of Pub. L. 105–251, amending sections 40102 and 40103 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Volunteers for Children Act’.”
Pub. L. 105–181, § 1, June 16, 1998, 112 Stat. 512, provided that: “This Act [enacting subchapter XXIV of this chapter, amending sections 10261 and 10541 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 10531 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Bulletproof Vest Partnership Grant Act of 1998’.”
Pub. L. 105–180, § 1, June 16, 1998, 112 Stat. 511, provided that: “This Act [amending sections 10283 and 10285 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Care for Police Survivors Act of 1998’.”
heading: Short Title of 1996 Act
text: Pub. L. 104–238, § 1, Oct. 3, 1996, 110 Stat. 3114, provided that: “This Act [enacting part B of subchapter XI of this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Federal Law Enforcement Dependents Assistance Act of 1996’.”
Pub. L. 104–132, title II, § 231, Apr. 24, 1996, 110 Stat. 1243, provided that: “This subtitle [subtitle C (§§ 231–236) of title II of Pub. L. 104–132, enacting sections 20105 and 20142 of this title, amending this section and sections 20102 and 20103 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under section 20102 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Justice for Victims of Terrorism Act of 1996’.”
heading: Short Title of 1994 Act
text: Pub. L. 103–322, § 1, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1796, provided that: “This Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994’.”
Pub. L. 103–322, title I, § 10001, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1807, provided that: “This title [enacting subchapter XVI of this chapter, amending sections 10261 and 10541 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 10381 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Public Safety Partnership and Community Policing Act of 1994’.”
Pub. L. 103–322, title III, § 31101, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1882, provided that: “This subtitle [subtitle K (§§ 31101–31133) of title III of Pub. L. 103–322, enacting part E (§ 12181 et seq.) of subchapter II of chapter 121 of this title] may be cited as the ‘National Community Economic Partnership Act of 1994’.”
Pub. L. 103–322, title III, § 31901, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1892, provided that: “This subtitle [subtitle S (§§ 31901–31922) of title III of Pub. L. 103–322, enacting part G (§ 12241 et seq.) of subchapter II of chapter 121 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Family Unity Demonstration Project Act’.”
Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40001, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1902, provided that: “This title [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Violence Against Women Act of 1994’.”
Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40101, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1903, provided that: “This subtitle [subtitle A (§§ 40101–40156) of title IV of Pub. L. 103–322, see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Safe Streets for Women Act of 1994’.”
Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40201, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1925, provided that: “This title [probably should be “subtitle”, meaning subtitle B (§§ 40201–40295) of title IV of Pub. L. 103–322, see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Safe Homes for Women Act of 1994’.”
Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40301, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1941, provided that: “This subtitle [subtitle C (§§ 40301–40304) of title IV of Pub. L. 103–322, enacting part C (§ 12361) of subchapter III of chapter 121 of this title and amending section 1988 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, and section 1445 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure] may be cited as the ‘Civil Rights Remedies for Gender-Motivated Violence Act’.”
Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40401, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1942, provided that: “This subtitle [subtitle D (§§ 40401–40422) of title IV of Pub. L. 103–322, enacting part D (§ 12371 et seq.) of subchapter III of chapter 121 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Equal Justice for Women in the Courts Act of 1994’.”
Pub. L. 103–322, title XX, § 200101, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2049, provided that: “This subtitle [subtitle A (§§ 200101–200113) of title XX of Pub. L. 103–322, enacting part A (§ 12551 et seq.) of subchapter VII of chapter 121 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Police Corps Act’.”
Pub. L. 103–322, title XX, § 200201, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2057, provided that: “This subtitle [subtitle B (§§ 200201–200210) of title XX of Pub. L. 103–322, enacting part B (§ 12571 et seq.) of subchapter VII of chapter 121 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Law Enforcement Scholarships and Recruitment Act’.”
Pub. L. 103–322, title XXI, § 210301, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2065, provided that: “This subtitle [subtitle C (§§ 210301–210306) of title XXI of Pub. L. 103–322, enacting part A (§ 12591 et seq.) of subchapter VIII of chapter 121 of this title and sections 10511 to 10517 of this title, amending sections 10152, 10154, 10261, and 10541 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 10152 of this title] may be cited as the ‘DNA Identification Act of 1994’.”
Pub. L. 103–322, title XXII, § 220001, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2074, provided that: “This title [enacting subchapter IX (§ 12611) of chapter 121 of this title and section 511A of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, and amending section 511 of Title 18] may be cited as the ‘Motor Vehicle Theft Prevention Act’.”
heading: Short Title of 1993 Act
text: Pub. L. 103–209, § 1, Dec. 20, 1993, 107 Stat. 2490, provided that: “This Act [enacting chapter 401 of this title and amending section 3759 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare] may be cited as the ‘National Child Protection Act of 1993’.”
heading: Short Title of 1990 Act
text: Pub. L. 101–647, title II, § 201, Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4792, provided that: “This title [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Victims of Child Abuse Act of 1990’.”
Pub. L. 101–647, title V, § 501, Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4820, provided that: “This title [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Victims’ Rights and Restitution Act of 1990’.”
heading: Short Title of 1988 Act
text: Pub. L. 100–690, title VII, § 7250(a), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4434, provided that: “This subtitle [subtitle F (§§ 7250–7296) of title VII of Pub. L. 100–690, see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Amendments of 1988’.”
Pub. L. 100–413, § 1, Aug. 22, 1988, 102 Stat. 1101, provided that “This Act [enacting section 41102 of this title and provisions set out as a note under section 41102 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Parimutuel Licensing Simplification Act of 1988’.”
heading: Short Title of 1986 Act
text: Pub. L. 99–570, title I, § 1551, Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3207–41, provided that: “This subtitle [subtitle K (§§ 1551, 1552) of title I of Pub. L. 99–570, enacting subchapter XII of this chapter and amending sections 10141, 10221, 10222, 10227, 10261, and 10541 of this title] may be cited as the ‘State and Local Law Enforcement Assistance Act of 1986’.”
heading: Short Title of 1984 Act
text: Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 601, Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2077, provided that: “This division [division I (§§ 601–609AA) of chapter VI of title II of Pub. L. 98–473, see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Justice Assistance Act of 1984’.”
Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 610, Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2107, provided that: “This Division [division II (§§ 610–670) of chapter VI of title II of Pub. L. 98–473, see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Juvenile Justice, Runaway Youth, and Missing Children’s Act Amendments of 1984’.”
Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 1401, Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2170, provided that: “This chapter [chapter XIV (§§ 1401–1411) of title II of Pub. L. 98–473, see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Victims of Crime Act of 1984’.”
heading: Short Title of 1980 Act
text: Pub. L. 96–509, § 1, Dec. 8, 1980, 94 Stat. 2750, provided that: “This Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Juvenile Justice Amendments of 1980’.”
heading: Short Title of 1979 Act
text: Pub. L. 96–157, § 1, Dec. 27, 1979, 93 Stat. 1167, provided: “That this Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Justice System Improvement Act of 1979’.”
heading: Short Title of 1977 Act
text: Pub. L. 95–115, § 1, Oct. 3, 1977, 91 Stat. 1048, provided that: “This Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Juvenile Justice Amendments of 1977’.”
heading: Short Title of 1976 Act
text: Pub. L. 94–503, § 1, Oct. 15, 1976, 90 Stat. 2407, provided: “That this Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Crime Control Act of 1976’.”
Pub. L. 94–430, § 1, Sept. 29, 1976, 90 Stat. 1346, provided: “That this Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Public Safety Officers’ Benefits Act of 1976’.”
heading: Short Title of 1974 Act
text: Pub. L. 93–415, § 1, Sept. 7, 1974, 88 Stat. 1109, provided: “That this Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974’.”
Pub. L. 93–415, title II, § 220, as added by Pub. L. 115–385, title II, § 204(c)(2), Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5131, provided that: “This part [part B (§§ 220–223) of title II of Pub. L. 93–415, enacting part B of subchapter II of chapter 111 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Charles Grassley Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Program’.”
Pub. L. 93–415, title III, § 301, Sept. 7, 1974, 88 Stat. 1129, as amended by Pub. L. 96–509, § 18(b), Dec. 8, 1980, 94 Stat. 2762, provided that: “This title [enacting subchapter III of chapter 111 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Runaway and Homeless Youth Act’.”
Pub. L. 93–415, title IV, § 401, as added by Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 660, Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2125, as amended by Pub. L. 101–204, title X, § 1004(1), Dec. 7, 1990, 103 Stat. 1828, provided that: “This title [enacting subchapter IV of chapter 111 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Missing Children’s Assistance Act’.”
Pub. L. 93–415, title V, § 501, as added by Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title II, § 12222(a), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1894; amended by Pub. L. 115–385, title III, § 301, Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5145, provided that: “This title [enacting subchapter V of chapter 111 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Incentive Youth Promise Grants for Local Delinquency Prevention Programs Act of 2018’.”
A prior section 501 of title V of Pub. L. 93–415, as added by Pub. L. 102–586, § 5(a), Nov. 4, 1992, 106 Stat. 5027, provided that title V (enacting subchapter V of chapter 72 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare) could be cited as the “Incentive Grants for Local Delinquency Prevention Programs Act”, prior to the general amendment of title V of Pub. L. 93–415 by Pub. L. 107–273, § 12222(a).
Another section 501 of Pub. L. 93–415, title V, Sept. 7, 1974, 88 Stat. 1133, amended section 5031 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.
heading: Short Title of 1973 Act
text: Pub. L. 93–83, § 1, Aug. 6, 1973, 87 Stat. 197, provided: “That this Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Crime Control Act of 1973’.”
heading: Short Title of 1970 Act
text: Pub. L. 91–644, § 1, Jan. 2, 1971, 84 Stat. 1880, provided: “That this Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Omnibus Crime Control Act of 1970’.”
heading: Short Title of 1968 Act
text: Pub. L. 90–351, § 1, June 19, 1968, 82 Stat. 197, provided: “That this Act [see Tables for classification] may be cited as the ‘Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968’.”
Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 3030, as added by Pub. L. 115–76, § 3(a), Nov. 2, 2017, 131 Stat. 1247, provided that: “This part [part MM (§§ 3030–3036) of title I of Pub. L. 90–351, enacting subchapter XXXIX of chapter 101 of this title] may be cited as the ‘National White Collar Crime Control Act of 2017’.”
heading: Separability
text: Pub. L. 90–351, title XI, § 1601, June 19, 1968, 82 Stat. 239, provided that: “If the provisions of any part of this Act [see Short Title of 1968 Act note above] or any amendments made thereby or the application thereof to any person or circumstances be held invalid, the provisions of the other parts and their application to other persons or circumstances shall not be affected thereby.”
[Another section 1601 of Pub. L. 90–351 is classified to section 10361 of this title.]
heading: References in Other Laws
text: Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 609I, Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2102, provided that:
“(a) Any reference to the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration, or to the Administrator of the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration, in any law other than this Act [see Short Title of 1984 Act note set out above] and the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 [see Short Title of 1968 Act note set out above], applicable to activities, functions, powers, and duties that after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 12, 1984] are carried out by the Bureau of Justice Assistance shall be deemed to be a reference to the Bureau of Justice Assistance, or to the Director of the Bureau of Justice Assistance, as the case may be.
“(b) Any reference to the Office of Justice Assistance, Research, and Statistics, or to the Director of the Office of Justice Assistance, Research, and Statistics, in any law other than this Act and the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, applicable to activities, functions, powers, and duties that after the date of the enactment of this Act are carried out by the Office of Justice Programs, the Bureau of Justice Assistance, the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the National Institute of Justice, or the Office of Juvenile Justice [and] Delinquency Prevention shall be deemed to be a reference to the Office of Justice Programs, the Bureau of Justice Assistance, the Bureau of Justice Statistics, National Institute of Justice, or Office of Juvenile Justice [and] Delinquency Prevention, or to the Director of the Office of Justice Programs, the Director of the Bureau of Justice Assistance, the Director of the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the Director of the National Institute of Justice, or the Administrator of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, as the case may be.”