7 U.S.C. § 1524 (AGRICULTURE)
§ 1524. Education and risk management assistance
(a) Education assistance
(1) In general
Subject to the amounts made available under paragraph (4), the Secretary, acting through the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, shall carry out the program established under paragraph (2).
(2) Partnerships for risk management education
(A) Authority
The Secretary, acting through the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, shall establish a program under which competitive grants are made to qualified public and private entities (including land grant colleges, cooperative extension services, and colleges or universities), as determined by the Secretary, for the purpose of educating agricultural producers and providing technical assistance to agricultural producers on a full range of farm viability and risk management activities, including futures, options, agricultural trade options, crop insurance, business planning, enterprise analysis, transfer and succession planning, management coaching, market assessment, cash flow analysis, cash forward contracting, debt reduction, production diversification, farm resources risk reduction, farm financial benchmarking, conservation activities, and other risk management strategies.
(B) Basis for grants
A grant under this paragraph shall be awarded on the basis of merit and shall be subject to peer or merit review.
(C) Obligation period
Funds for a grant under this paragraph shall be available to the Secretary for obligation for a 2-year period.
(D) Administrative costs
The Secretary may use not more than 4 percent of the funds made available for grants under this paragraph for administrative costs incurred by the Secretary in carrying out this paragraph.
(3) Requirements
In carrying out the program established under paragraph (2), the Secretary shall place special emphasis on farm viability and risk management strategies (including farm financial benchmarking, business planning and technical assistance, market assessment, transfer and succession planning, and crop insurance participation), education, and outreach specifically targeted at—
(A) beginning farmers or ranchers;
(B) legal immigrant farmers or ranchers that are attempting to become established producers in the United States;
(C) socially disadvantaged farmers or ranchers;
(D) farmers or ranchers that—
(i) are preparing to retire;
(ii) are using transition strategies to help new farmers or ranchers get started; 1
(iii) are converting production and marketing systems to pursue new markets; and 2
(E) producers that are underserved by the Federal crop insurance program established under this subchapter, as determined by the Corporation; and
(F) veteran farmers or ranchers.
(4) Funding
From the insurance fund established under section 1516(c) of this title, there is transferred for the partnerships for risk management education program established under paragraph (2), $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2019 and each subsequent fiscal year, of which not less than $5,000,000 shall be used to carry out paragraph (3)(E).
(b) Agricultural management assistance
(1) Authority
The Secretary shall provide financial assistance to producers in the States of Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Maryland, Massachusetts, Maine, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Utah, Vermont, West Virginia, and Wyoming.
(2) Uses
A producer may use financial assistance provided under this subsection to—
(A) construct or improve—
(i) watershed management structures; or
(ii) irrigation structures;
(B) plant trees to form windbreaks or to improve water quality;
(C) mitigate financial risk through production or marketing diversification or resource conservation practices, including—
(i) soil erosion control;
(ii) integrated pest management;
(iii) organic farming; or
(iv) to develop and implement a plan to create marketing opportunities for the producer, including through value-added processing;
(D) enter into futures, hedging, or options contracts in a manner designed to help reduce production, price, or revenue risk;
(E) enter into agricultural trade options as a hedging transaction to reduce production, price, or revenue risk; or
(F) conduct any other activity relating to an activity described in subparagraphs (A) through (E), as determined by the Secretary.
(3) Payment limitation
The total amount of payments made to a person (as defined in section 1308(5) 3 of this title) (before the amendment made by section 1603(a) 3 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008) under this subsection for any year may not exceed $50,000.
(4) Commodity Credit Corporation
(A) In general
The Secretary shall carry out this subsection through the Commodity Credit Corporation.
(B) Funding
(i) In general
Except as provided in clause (ii), the Commodity Credit Corporation shall make available to carry out this subsection not less than $10,000,000 for each fiscal year.
(ii) Exception for certain fiscal years
For each of fiscal years 2008 through 2014, the Commodity Credit Corporation shall make available to carry out this subsection $15,000,000.
(C) Certain uses
Of the amounts made available to carry out this subsection for a fiscal year, the Commodity Credit Corporation shall use not less than—
(i) 50 percent to carry out subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C) of paragraph (2) through the Natural Resources Conservation Service;
(ii) 10 percent to provide organic certification cost share assistance through the Agricultural Marketing Service; and
(iii) 40 percent to conduct activities to carry out subparagraph (F) of paragraph (2) through the Risk Management Agency.
(Feb. 16, 1938, ch. 30, title V, § 524, as added Pub. L. 106–224, title I, § 133, June 20, 2000, 114 Stat. 387; amended Pub. L. 107–171, title II, § 2501, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 263; Pub. L. 108–199, div. A, title VII, § 769, Jan. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 40; Pub. L. 110–234, title I, § 1603(g)(3), title II, § 2801, title VII, § 7511(c)(2), title XII, § 12026, May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1011, 1085, 1267, 1390; Pub. L. 110–246, § 4(a), title I, § 1603(g)(3), title II, § 2801, title VII, § 7511(c)(2), title XII, § 12026, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1739, 1813, 2028, 2152; Pub. L. 112–55, div. A, title VII, § 716(a), Nov. 18, 2011, 125 Stat. 582; Pub. L. 113–79, title I, § 1609(b)(1), title XI, § 11027(c), Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 709, 977; Pub. L. 115–334, title XI, § 11125(a), title XII, § 12306(b)(3), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4935, 4969.)
heading: References in Text
text: Section 1308(5) of this title, which required the Secretary to issue regulations defining “person”, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), was redesignated section 1308(e) and amended by section 1603(b)(1) of Pub. L. 107–171. Section 1603(a) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008, Pub. L. 110–246, subsequently amended the definition of “covered commodity” in section 1308(a)(1). Section 1603(b) of Pub. L. 110–246 amended section 1308 by, among other things, striking out subsec. (e) and adding subsec. (a)(4) which defined “person”. The amendments by section 1603 of Pub. L. 110–246 to section 1308 were effective May 22, 2008.
heading: Codification
text: Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 made identical amendments to this section. The amendments by Pub. L. 110–234 were repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246.
heading: Amendments
text: 2018—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 115–334, § 11125(a)(1), substituted “paragraph (4), the Secretary” for “paragraph (5)—”, struck out subpar. (A) and “(B) the Secretary” before “, acting through”, and substituted “paragraph (2)” for “paragraph (3)”. Prior to amendment, subpar. (A) read as follows: “the Corporation shall carry out the program established under paragraph (2); and”.
Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 115–334, § 11125(a)(2), (3), redesignated par. (3) as (2) and struck out former par. (2). Prior to amendment, text of par. (2) read as follows: “The Corporation shall establish a program under which crop insurance education and information is provided to producers in States in which (as determined by the Secretary)—
“(A) there is traditionally, and continues to be, a low level of Federal crop insurance participation and availability; and
“(B) producers are underserved by the Federal crop insurance program.”
Subsec. (a)(2)(A). Pub. L. 115–334, § 11125(a)(4), substituted “and providing technical assistance to agricultural producers on a full range of farm viability and” for “about the full range of” and inserted “business planning, enterprise analysis, transfer and succession planning, management coaching, market assessment, cash flow analysis,” after “insurance,” and “conservation activities,” after “benchmarking,”.
Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 115–334, § 11125(a)(3), (5)(A), redesignated par. (4) as (3) and, in introductory provisions, substituted “program established under paragraph (2)” for “programs established under paragraphs (2) and (3)” and inserted “farm viability and” after “emphasis on” and “, business planning and technical assistance, market assessment, transfer and succession planning, and crop insurance participation” after “benchmarking”. Former par. (3) redesignated (2).
Subsec. (a)(3)(D)(iii), (E). Pub. L. 115–334, § 11125(a)(5)(B), (C), added subpars. (D)(iii) and (E) and struck out former subpar. (E) which read as follows: “new or established farmers or ranchers that are converting production and marketing systems to pursue new markets.”
Subsec. (a)(3)(F). Pub. L. 115–334, § 12306(b)(3)(A)–(C), added subpar. (F).
Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 115–334, § 11125(a)(6), substituted “transferred for the partnerships” for “transferred—”, subpar. (A), and “(B) for the partnerships”, substituted “paragraph (2), $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2019” for “paragraph (3), $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2001”, and inserted “, of which not less than $5,000,000 shall be used to carry out paragraph (3)(E)” before period at end. Prior to amendment, subpar. (A) read as follows: “for the education and information program established under paragraph (2), $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2001 and each subsequent fiscal year; and”.
2014—Subsec. (a)(3)(A). Pub. L. 113–79, § 11027(c)(1), inserted “farm financial benchmarking,” after “risk reduction,”.
Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 113–79, § 11027(c)(2), inserted “(including farm financial benchmarking)” after “management strategies” in introductory provisions.
Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 113–79, § 1609(b)(1), amended language inserted by Pub. L. 110–246, § 1603(g)(3). See 2008 Amendment note below.
2011—Subsec. (b)(4)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 112–55 substituted “certain fiscal years” for “fiscal years 2008 through 2012” in heading and “2014” for “2012” in text.
2008—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 110–246, § 12026(1), substituted “paragraph (5)” for “paragraph (4)” in introductory provisions.
Subsec. (a)(1)(B), (3)(A). Pub. L. 110–246, § 7511(c)(2), substituted “the National Institute of Food and Agriculture” for “the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service”.
Subsec. (a)(4), (5). Pub. L. 110–246, § 12026(2), (3), added par. (4) and redesignated former par. (4) as (5).
Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 110–246, § 2801(a), inserted “Hawaii,” after “Delaware,”.
Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 110–246, § 1603(g)(3), as amended by Pub. L. 113–79, § 1609(b)(1), inserted “(before the amendment made by section 1603(a) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008)” after “section 1308(5) of this title)”.
Subsec. (b)(4)(B)(i). Pub. L. 110–246, § 2801(b)(1), substituted “Except as provided in clause (ii)” for “Except as provided in clauses (ii) and (iii)”.
Subsec. (b)(4)(B)(ii), (iii). Pub. L. 110–246, § 2801(b)(2), added cl. (ii) and struck out former cls. (ii) and (iii) which related to exception for fiscal years 2003 through 2007 and minimum amounts to carry out certain uses.
Subsec. (b)(4)(C). Pub. L. 110–246, § 2801(c), added subpar. (C).
2004—Subsec. (b)(4)(B)(i). Pub. L. 108–199, § 769(1), substituted “clauses (ii) and (iii)” for “clause (ii)”.
Subsec. (b)(4)(B)(iii). Pub. L. 108–199, § 769(2), added cl. (iii).
2002—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 107–171 added subsec. (b) and struck out heading and text of former subsec. (b). Text read as follows:
“(1) Authority.—The Secretary shall provide cost share assistance to producers, in a manner determined by the Secretary, in not less than 10, nor more than 15, States in which participation in the Federal crop insurance program is historically low, as determined by the Secretary.
“(2) Uses.—A producer may use cost share assistance provided under this subsection to—
“(A) construct or improve—
“(i) watershed management structures; or
“(ii) irrigation structures;
“(B) plant trees to form windbreaks or to improve water quality;
“(C) mitigate financial risk through production diversification or resource conservation practices, including—
“(i) soil erosion control;
“(ii) integrated pest management; or
“(iii) transition to organic farming;
“(D) enter into futures, hedging, or options contracts in a manner designed to help reduce production, price, or revenue risk;
“(E) enter into agricultural trade options as a hedging transaction to reduce production, price, or revenue risk; or
“(F) conduct any other activity related to the activities described in subparagraphs (A) through (E), as determined by the Secretary.
“(2) Payment limitation.—The total amount of payments made to a person (as defined in section 1308(5) of this title) under this subsection for any year may not exceed $50,000.
“(3) Commodity credit corporation.—
“(A) In general.—The Secretary shall carry out this subsection through the Commodity Credit Corporation.
“(B) Funding.—The Commodity Credit Corporation shall make available to carry out this subsection $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2001 and each subsequent fiscal year.”
heading: Effective Date of 2014 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 113–79 effective as if included in Pub. L. 110–246, see section 1609(b)(2) of Pub. L. 113–79, set out as a note under section 1471g of this title.
heading: Effective Date of 2008 Amendment
text: Amendment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, except as otherwise provided, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title.
Amendment by section 7511(c)(2) of Pub. L. 110–246 effective Oct. 1, 2009, see section 7511(c) of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as a note under section 1522 of this title.
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective Oct. 1, 2000, see section 171(b)(1)(A) of Pub. L. 106–224, set out as an Effective Date of 2000 Amendment note under section 1501 of this title.