dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
50 U.S.C. § 4814 (WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE)
§ 4814. Administration of export controls
(a) In general
The President shall rely on, including through delegations, as appropriate, the Secretary, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Energy, the Director of National Intelligence, and the heads of other Federal agencies as appropriate, to exercise the authority to carry out the purposes set forth in subsection (b).
(b) Purposes
The purposes of this section include to—
(1) advise the President with respect to—
(A) identifying specific threats to the national security and foreign policy that the authority of this subchapter may be used to address; and
(B) exercising the authority under this subchapter to implement policies, regulations, procedures, and actions that are necessary to effectively counteract those threats;
(2) review and approve—
(A) criteria for including items on, and removing such an item from, a list of controlled items established under this subchapter;
(B) an interagency procedure for compiling and amending any list described in subparagraph (A);
(C) criteria for including a person on a list of persons to whom exports, reexports, and in-country transfers of items are prohibited or restricted under this subchapter;
(D) standards for compliance by persons subject to controls under this subchapter; and
(E) policies and procedures for the end-use monitoring of exports, reexports, and in-country transfers of items controlled under this subchapter; and
(3) benefit from the inherent equities, experience, and capabilities of the Federal officials described in subsection (a).
(c) Sense of Congress
It is the sense of Congress that the administration of export controls under this subchapter should be consistent with the procedures relating to export license applications described in Executive Order 12981 (1995).
(Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1755, Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 2216.)
heading: References in Text
text: This subchapter, referred to in subsecs. (b)(1), (2) and (c), was in the original “this part”, meaning part I (§§ 1751–1768) of subtitle B of title XVII of div. A of Pub. L. 115–232, known as the Export Controls Act of 2018, which is classified principally to this subchapter. For complete classification of part I to the Code, see section 1751 of Pub. L. 115–232, set out as a Short Title note under section 4801 of this title and Tables.
Executive Order 12981, referred to in subsec. (c), is Ex. Ord. No. 12981, Dec. 5, 1995, 60 F.R. 62981, which is set out as a note under former section 4603 of this title.
50 U.S.C. § 4818 (WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE)
§ 4818. Review relating to countries subject to comprehensive United States arms embargo
(a) In general
The Secretary, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Energy, and the heads of other Federal agencies as appropriate, shall conduct a review of license requirements for exports, reexports, or in-country transfers of items to countries subject to a comprehensive United States arms embargo, including, as appropriate—
(1) the scope of controls under title 15, Code of Federal Regulations, that apply to exports, reexports, and in-country transfers for military end uses and military end users in countries that are subject to a comprehensive United States arms embargo and countries that are subject to a United Nations arms embargo; and
(2) entries on the Commerce Control List maintained under title 15, Code of Federal Regulations, that are not subject to a license requirement for the export, reexport, or in-country transfer of items to countries subject to a comprehensive United States arms embargo; 1
(b) Implementation of results of review
Not later than 270 days after August 13, 2018, the Secretary shall implement the results of the review conducted under subsection (a).
(Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title XVII, § 1759, Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 2223.)
12 U.S.C. § 1141i (BANKS AND BANKING)
§ 1141i. Repealed. Pub. L. 115–334, title V, § 5411(57), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4685
text: Section, act June 15, 1929, ch. 24, § 14, 46 Stat. 18; Ex. Ord. No. 6084, Mar. 27, 1933; Aug. 30, 1954, ch. 1076, § 1(30), 68 Stat. 968; Pub. L. 108–271, § 8(b), July 7, 2004, 118 Stat. 814, related to finality of certain vouchers approved for expenditures and examination of financial transactions.
text: Section was formerly classified to section 534 of Title 7, Agriculture.
12 U.S.C. § 1775 (BANKS AND BANKING)
§ 1775. Conditions upon conversion to Federal status
Any District of Columbia credit union converting into a Federal credit union in accordance with sections 1773 to 1775 of this title shall thereupon be subject to the limitations, vested with the powers, and charged with the liabilities conferred and imposed by the Federal Credit Union Act [12 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.] upon credit unions organized thereunder, except that—
(1) no fee shall be imposed upon a credit union converting pursuant to sections 1773 to 1775 of this title as an incident to its conversion;
(2) any loan or investment made by a credit union converting pursuant to sections 1773 to 1775 of this title in conformity with the District of Columbia Credit Unions Act prior to its conversion, which does not conform to the requirements of the Federal Credit Union Act and is still outstanding at the time of conversion, shall be liquidated at or before its maturity or, if it has no maturity date, in a prudent manner and within a reasonable period of time;
(3) a credit union converting pursuant to sections 1773 to 1775 of this title shall submit proposed bylaws to the Board for the Board’s approval after its conversion, but not later than thirty days following its next annual meeting or six months after August 1, 1964, whichever is later: Provided, That any existing bylaw inconsistent with any other requirements of the Federal Credit Union Act shall be deemed null and void.
(Pub. L. 88–395, § 3, Aug. 1, 1964, 78 Stat. 377; Pub. L. 91–206, § 3, Mar. 10, 1970, 84 Stat. 49; Pub. L. 95–630, title V, § 501, Nov. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 3680.)
heading: References in Text
text: The Federal Credit Union Act, referred to in text, is act June 26, 1934, ch. 750, 48 Stat. 1216, which is classified generally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1751 of this title and Tables.
The District of Columbia Credit Unions Act, referred to in par. (2), was act June 23, 1932, ch. 272, 47 Stat. 326, and was, was repealed by Pub. L. 88–395, § 4, Aug. 1, 1964, 78 Stat. 377.
heading: Codification
text: Section was not enacted as part of the Federal Credit Union Act which comprises this chapter.
heading: Transfer of Functions
text: “Board” and “the Board’s”, meaning the National Credit Union Administration Board, substituted in par. (3) for “Director” and “his”, respectively, meaning Director of Bureau of Federal Credit Unions, pursuant to section 3 of Pub. L. 91–206 and section 501 of Pub. L. 95–630 [12 U.S.C. 1752a] which transferred functions of Bureau of Federal Credit Unions, and Director thereof, to National Credit Union Administration and vested authority for management of Administration in National Credit Union Administration Board.
12 U.S.C. § 2149a (BANKS AND BANKING)
§ 2149a. Repealed. Pub. L. 115–334, title V, § 5411(16), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4680
text: Section, Pub. L. 92–181, title III, § 3.29, formerly title VII, § 7.5, as added Pub. L. 100–233, title IV, § 416, Jan. 6, 1988, 101 Stat. 1646; renumbered § 3.29, Pub. L. 100–399, title IV, § 408(e), Aug. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 1001, related to reports by merged banks for cooperatives.
text: Section was classified to section 2279a–5 of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 100–399.
12 U.S.C. § 2901 (BANKS AND BANKING)
§ 2901. Congressional findings and statement of purpose
(a) The Congress finds that—
(1) regulated financial institutions are required by law to demonstrate that their deposit facilities serve the convenience and needs of the communities in which they are chartered to do business;
(2) the convenience and needs of communities include the need for credit services as well as deposit services; and
(3) regulated financial institutions have continuing and affirmative obligation to help meet the credit needs of the local communities in which they are chartered.
(b) It is the purpose of this chapter to require each appropriate Federal financial supervisory agency to use its authority when examining financial institutions, to encourage such institutions to help meet the credit needs of the local communities in which they are chartered consistent with the safe and sound operation of such institutions.
(Pub. L. 95–128, title VIII, § 802, Oct. 12, 1977, 91 Stat. 1147.)
heading: Short Title
text: Pub. L. 95–128, title VIII, § 801, Oct. 12, 1977, 91 Stat. 1147, provided that: “This title [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Community Reinvestment Act of 1977’.”
heading: Responsiveness to Community Needs for Financial Services
text: Pub. L. 106–102, title VII, § 715, Nov. 12, 1999, 113 Stat. 1470, provided that:
“(a) Study.—
The Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Federal banking agencies (as defined in section 3(z) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act [12 U.S.C. 1813(z)]), shall conduct a study of the extent to which adequate services are being provided as intended by the Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 [12 U.S.C. 2901 et seq.], including services in low- and moderate-income neighborhoods and for persons of modest means, as a result of the enactment of this Act [see Tables for classification].
“(b) Reports.—
“(1) In general.—
The Secretary of the Treasury shall—
“(A) before March 15, 2000, submit a baseline report to the Congress on the study conducted pursuant to subsection (a); and
“(B) before the end of the 2-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 12, 1999], in consultation with the Federal banking agencies, submit a final report to the Congress on the study conducted pursuant to subsection (a).
“(2) Recommendations.—
The final report submitted under paragraph (1)(B) shall include such recommendations as the Secretary determines to be appropriate for administrative and legislative action with respect to institutions covered under the Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 [12 U.S.C. 2901 et seq.].”
heading: Report on Community Development Lending
text: Pub. L. 102–550, title IX, § 910, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3874, provided that not later than 12 months after Oct. 28, 1992, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System shall submit a report to Congress comparing residential, small business, and commercial lending by insured depository institutions in low-income, minority, and distressed neighborhoods to such lending in other neighborhoods, with the report to contain comparisons of relevant risks and reasons for different lending practices.
12 U.S.C. § 5496a (BANKS AND BANKING)
§ 5496a. Annual audits
(a) Annual independent audit
The Bureau shall order an annual independent audit of the operations and budget of the Bureau.
(b) Annual GAO audit
The Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct an annual audit of the Bureau’s financial statements in accordance with generally accepted government accounting standards.
(Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1016A, as added Pub. L. 112–10, div. B, title V, § 1573(a), Apr. 15, 2011, 125 Stat. 138.)
heading: Initial Audits
text: Pub. L. 112–10, div. B, title V, § 1573(c), Apr. 15, 2011, 125 Stat. 139, provided that the initial audits under this section were to be completed not later than the end of the 180-day period beginning on Apr. 15, 2011.
18 U.S.C. § 16 (CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE)
§ 16. Crime of violence defined
The term “crime of violence” means—
(a) an offense that has as an element the use, attempted use, or threatened use of physical force against the person or prop­erty of another, or
(b) any other offense that is a felony and that, by its nature, involves a substantial risk that physical force against the person or property of another may be used in the course of committing the offense.
(Added Pub. L. 98–473, title II, § 1001(a), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2136.)
heading: Constitutionality
text: For information regarding constitutionality of this section, as added by section 1001(a) of Pub. L. 98–473, see Government Publishing Office, The Constitution of the United States of America: Analysis and Interpretation, Acts of Congress Held Unconstitutional in Whole or in Part by the Supreme Court of the United States, 2018 Supplement, prepared by the Congressional Research Service.
18 U.S.C. § 23 (CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE)
§ 23.1 Court of the United States defined
As used in this title, except where otherwise expressly provided 2 the term “court of the United States” includes the District Court of Guam, the District Court for the Northern Mariana Islands, and the District Court of the Virgin Islands.
(Added Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXII, § 320914(a), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2128.)
18 U.S.C. § 2258D (CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE)
§ 2258D. Limited liability for NCMEC
(a) In General.—
Pursuant to its clearinghouse role as a private, nonprofit organization and its mission to help find missing children, reduce online sexual exploitation of children and prevent future victimization, and except as provided in subsections (b) and (c), a civil claim or criminal charge against NCMEC, including any director, officer, employee, or agent of NCMEC, arising from the performance of the CyberTipline responsibilities or functions of NCMEC, as described in this section, section 2258A or 2258C of this title, or section 404 of the Missing Children’s Assistance Act (34 U.S.C. 11293), or from the efforts of NCMEC to identify child victims may not be brought in any Federal or State court.
(b) Intentional, Reckless, or Other Misconduct.—
Subsection (a) shall not apply to a claim or charge if NCMEC, or a director, officer, employee, or agent of NCMEC—
(1) engaged in intentional misconduct; or
(2) acted, or failed to act—
(A) with actual malice;
(B) with reckless disregard to a substantial risk of causing injury without legal justification; or
(C) for a purpose unrelated to the performance of any responsibility or function under this section, section 2258A or 2258C of this title, or section 404 of the Missing Children’s Assistance Act (34 U.S.C. 11293).
(c) Ordinary Business Activities.—
Subsection (a) shall not apply to an act or omission relating to an ordinary business activity, including general administration or operations, the use of motor vehicles, or personnel management.
(d) Minimizing Access.—
NCMEC shall—
(1) minimize the number of employees that are provided access to any visual depiction provided under section 2258A; and
(2) ensure that any such visual depiction is permanently destroyed upon notification from a law enforcement agency.
(Added Pub. L. 110–401, title V, § 501(a), Oct. 13, 2008, 122 Stat. 4250; amended Pub. L. 115–395, § 5, Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5294.)
heading: Amendments
text: 2018—Pub. L. 115–395, § 5(1), substituted “NCMEC” for “the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children” in section catchline.
Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–395, § 5(2), substituted “Pursuant to its clearinghouse role as a private, nonprofit organization and its mission to help find missing children, reduce online sexual exploitation of children and prevent future victimization, and except as provided” for “Except as provided”, “against NCMEC” for “against the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children”, “(34 U.S.C. 11293)” for “(42 U.S.C. 5773)”, “of NCMEC” for “of such center” wherever appearing, and “from the efforts” for “from the effort”.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 115–395, § 5(3), substituted “if NCMEC” for “if the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children”, “of NCMEC” for “of such center”, and “(34 U.S.C. 11293)” for “(42 U.S.C. 5773)”.
Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 115–395, § 5(4), substituted “NCMEC” for “The National Center for Missing and Exploited Children” in introductory provisions and “visual depiction” for “image” in pars. (1) and (2).
18 U.S.C. § 2282A (CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE)
§ 2282A.1 Devices or dangerous substances in waters of the United States likely to destroy or damage ships or to interfere with maritime commerce
(a) A person who knowingly places, or causes to be placed, in navigable waters of the United States, by any means, a device or dangerous substance which is likely to destroy or cause damage to a vessel or its cargo, cause interference with the safe navigation of vessels, or interference with maritime commerce (such as by damaging or destroying marine terminals, facilities, or any other marine structure or entity used in maritime commerce) with the intent of causing such destruction or damage, interference with the safe navigation of vessels, or interference with maritime commerce shall be fined under this title or imprisoned for any term of years, or for life; or both.
(b) A person who causes the death of any person by engaging in conduct prohibited under subsection (a) may be punished by death.
(c) Nothing in this section shall be construed to apply to otherwise lawfully authorized and conducted activities of the United States Government.
(d) In this section:
(1) The term “dangerous substance” means any solid, liquid, or gaseous material that has the capacity to cause damage to a vessel or its cargo, or cause interference with the safe navigation of a vessel.
(2) The term “device” means any object that, because of its physical, mechanical, structural, or chemical properties, has the capacity to cause damage to a vessel or its cargo, or cause interference with the safe navigation of a vessel.
(Added Pub. L. 109–177, title III, § 304(a)(1), Mar. 9, 2006, 120 Stat. 234.)
18 U.S.C. § 2282B (CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE)
§ 2282B. Violence against aids to maritime navigation
Whoever intentionally destroys, seriously damages, alters, moves, or tampers with any aid to maritime navigation maintained by the Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation under the authority of section 4 of the Act of May 13, 1954 (33 U.S.C. 984), by the Coast Guard pursuant to section 81 1 of title 14, United States Code, or lawfully maintained under authority granted by the Coast Guard pursuant to section 83 of title 14, United States Code, if such act endangers or is likely to endanger the safe navigation of a ship, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned for not more than 20 years, or both.
(Added Pub. L. 109–177, title III, § 304(b)(1), Mar. 9, 2006, 120 Stat. 235.)
heading: References in Text
text: Section 81 of title 14, referred to in text, was redesignated section 541 of title 14 by Pub. L. 115–282, title I, § 105(b), Dec. 4, 2018, 132 Stat. 4200, and references to section 81 of title 14 deemed to refer to such redesignated section, see section 123(b)(1) of Pub. L. 115–282, set out as a References to Sections of Title 14 as Redesignated by Pub. L. 115–282 note preceding section 101 of Title 14, Coast Guard.
18 U.S.C. § 3001 (CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE)
§ 3001. Procedure governed by rules; scope, purpose and effect; definition of terms; local rules; forms—(Rule)
(June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 814.)
heading: See Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure
text: Scope, rule 1.
Purpose and construction, rule 2.
Proceedings to which rules apply, rules 54 and 59.
Definition, rule 54(c).
Rules of District Courts and Circuit Courts of Appeal, rule 57.
Forms, rule 58.
Effective date, rule 59.
Citation of rule, rule 60.
18 U.S.C. § 3006 (CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE)
§ 3006. Assignment of counsel—(Rule)
(June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 814.)
heading: See Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure
text: Appointment by court, rule 44.
Accused to be informed of right to counsel, rules 5 and 44.
18 U.S.C. § 3007 (CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE)
§ 3007. Motions—(Rule)
(June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 814.)
heading: See Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure
text: Motions substituted for pleas in abatement and special pleas in bar, rule 12.
Form and contents, rule 47.
18 U.S.C. § 3009 (CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE)
§ 3009. Records—(Rule)
(June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 815; Pub. L. 90–578, title III, § 301(a)(4), Oct. 17, 1968, 82 Stat. 1115; Pub. L. 101–650, title III, § 321, Dec. 1, 1990, 104 Stat. 5117.)
heading: See Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure
text: Keeping of records by district court clerks and magistrate judges, rule 55.
heading: Amendments
text: 1968—Pub. L. 90–578 substituted “magistrates” for “commissioners”.
heading: Change of Name
text: Words “magistrate judges” substituted for “magistrates” in text pursuant to section 321 of Pub. L. 101–650, set out as a note under section 631 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.
18 U.S.C. § 3011 (CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE)
§ 3011. Computation of time—(Rule)
(June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 815.)
heading: See Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure
text: Computation: enlargement; expiration of term; motions and affidavits; service by mail, rule 45.
18 U.S.C. § 3046 (CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE)
§ 3046. Warrant or summons—(Rule)
(June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 816.)
heading: See Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure
text: Issuance upon complaint, Rule 4.
Issuance upon indictment, Rule 9.
Summons on request of government; form; contents; service; return, Rules 4, 9.
18 U.S.C. § 3048 (CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE)
§ 3048. Commitment to another district; removal—(Rule)
(June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 817; Pub. L. 90–578, title III, § 301(a)(3), Oct. 17, 1968, 82 Stat. 1115; Pub. L. 101–650, title III, § 321, Dec. 1, 1990, 104 Stat. 5117.)
heading: See Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure
text: Arrest in nearby or distant districts; informative statement by judge or magistrate judge; hearing and removal; warrant; Rule 40.
heading: Amendments
text: 1968—Pub. L. 90–578 substituted “magistrate” for “commissioner”.
heading: Change of Name
text: Words “magistrate judge” substituted for “magistrate” in text pursuant to section 321 of Pub. L. 101–650, set out as a note under section 631 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.
18 U.S.C. § 3101 (CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE)
§ 3101. Effect of rules of court—(Rule)
(June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 819.)
heading: See Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure
text: Rules generally applicable throughout United States, Rule 54.
Acts of Congress superseded, Rule 41(g).
heading: References in Text
text: Rule 41(g), referred to in text, was relettered 41(h) by 1972 amendment eff. Oct. 1, 1972.
18 U.S.C. § 3102 (CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE)
§ 3102. Authority to issue search warrant—(Rule)
(June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 819; Pub. L. 90–578, title III, § 301(a)(4), Oct. 17, 1968, 82 Stat. 1115; Pub. L. 101–650, title III, § 321, Dec. 1, 1990, 104 Stat. 5117.)
heading: See Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure
text: Federal, State or Territorial Judges, or U.S. magistrate judges authorized to issue search warrants, Rule 41(a).
heading: Amendments
text: 1968—Pub. L. 90–578 substituted “magistrates” for “Commissioners”.
heading: Change of Name
text: “U.S. magistrate judges” substituted for “U.S. magistrates” in text pursuant to section 321 of Pub. L. 101–650, set out as a note under section 631 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.
heading: Effective Date of 1968 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 90–578 effective Oct. 17, 1968, except when a later effective date is applicable, which is the earlier of date when implementation of amendment by appointment of magistrates [now United States magistrate judges] and assumption of office takes place or third anniversary of enactment of Pub. L. 90–578 on Oct. 17, 1968, see section 403 of Pub. L. 90–578, set out as a note under section 631 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.
18 U.S.C. § 3104 (CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE)
§ 3104. Issuance of search warrant; contents—(Rule)
(June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 819.)
heading: See Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure
text: Issuance of search warrant on affidavit; contents to identify persons or place; command to search forthwith, Rule 41(c).