dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
14 U.S.C. § 104 (COAST GUARD)
§ 104. Protecting against unmanned aircraft
For the purposes of section 210G(k)(3)(C)(iv) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, the missions authorized to be performed by the United States Coast Guard shall be those related to—
(1) functions of the U.S. Coast Guard relating to security or protection of facilities and assets assessed to be high-risk and a potential target for unlawful unmanned aircraft activity, including the security and protection of—
(A) a facility, including a facility that is under the administrative control of the Commandant; and
(B) a vessel (whether moored or underway) or an aircraft, including a vessel or aircraft—
(i) that is operated by the Coast Guard, or that the Coast Guard is assisting or escorting; and
(ii) that is directly involved in a mission of the Coast Guard pertaining to—
(I) assisting or escorting a vessel of the Department of Defense;
(II) assisting or escorting a vessel of national security significance, a high interest vessel, a high capacity passenger vessel, or a high value unit, as those terms are defined by the Secretary;
(III) section 91(a) of this title;
(IV) assistance in protecting the President or the Vice President (or other officer next in order of succession to the Office of the President) pursuant to the Presidential Protection Assistance Act of 1976 (18 U.S.C. 3056 note);
(V) protection of a National Special Security Event and Special Event Assessment Rating events;
(VI) air defense of the United States, including air sovereignty, ground-based air defense, and the National Capital Region integrated air defense system; or
(VII) a search and rescue operation; and
(2) missions directed by the Secretary pursuant to 210G(k)(3)(C)(iii) 1 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002.
(Added Pub. L. 115–254, div. H, § 1603(a), Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3529.)
heading: References in Text
text: Section 210G(k)(3)(C)(iii), (iv) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002, referred to in text, is classified to section 124n(k)(3)(C)(iii), (iv) of Title 6, Domestic Security.
The Presidential Protection Assistance Act of 1976, referred to in par. (1)(B)(ii)(IV), is Pub. L. 94–524, Oct. 17, 1976, 90 Stat. 2475, which enacted and amended provisions set out as notes under section 3056 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
14 U.S.C. § 751a (COAST GUARD)
[§ 751a. Omitted]
heading: Codification
text: Section, added act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041, § 15(a), 70A Stat. 624, provided for the organization of the Coast Guard Reserve and was omitted in the general revision of this chapter by Pub. L. 96–322, § 1, Aug. 4, 1980, 94 Stat. 1002. See section 701 of this section.
15 U.S.C. § 8701 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 8701. Declaration of policy
(a) Purpose
The purpose of this chapter is to authorize the establishment of an orderly program for developing, financing, and carrying out an effective, continuous, and coordinated program of research, education, and promotion, including funds for marketing and market research activities, that is designed to—
(1) strengthen the position of the concrete masonry products industry in the domestic marketplace;
(2) maintain, develop, and expand markets and uses for concrete masonry products in the domestic marketplace; and
(3) promote the use of concrete masonry products in construction and building.
(b) Limitation
Nothing in this chapter may be construed to provide for the control of production or otherwise limit the right of any person to manufacture concrete masonry products.
(Pub. L. 115–254, div. E, § 1302, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3469.)
heading: Short Title
text: Pub. L. 115–254, div. E, § 1301, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3469, provided that: “This division [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the ‘Concrete Masonry Products Research, Education, and Promotion Act of 2018’.”
15 U.S.C. § 8703 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 8703. Issuance of orders
(a) In general
(1) Issuance
The Secretary, subject to the procedures provided in subsection (b), shall issue orders under this chapter applicable to manufacturers of concrete masonry products.
(2) Scope
Any order shall be national in scope.
(3) One order
Not more than 1 order shall be in effect at any one time.
(b) Procedures
(1) Development or receipt of proposed order
A proposed order with respect to the generic research, education, and promotion with regards to concrete masonry products may be—
(A) proposed by the Secretary at any time; or
(B) requested by or submitted to the Secretary by—
(i) an existing national organization of concrete masonry product manufacturers; or
(ii) any person that may be affected by the issuance of an order.
(2) Publication of proposed order
If the Secretary determines that a proposed order received in accordance with paragraph (1)(B) is consistent with and will effectuate the purpose of this chapter, the Secretary shall publish such proposed order in the Federal Register not later than 90 days after receiving the order, and give not less than 30 days notice and opportunity for public comment on the proposed order.
(3) Issuance of order
(A) In general
After notice and opportunity for public comment are provided in accordance with paragraph (2), the Secretary shall issue the order, taking into consideration the comments received and including in the order such provisions as are necessary to ensure that the order is in conformity with this chapter.
(B) Effective date
If there is an affirmative vote in a referendum as provided in section 8706 of this title, the Secretary shall issue the order and such order shall be effective not later than 140 days after publication of the proposed order.
(c) Amendments
The Secretary may, from time to time, amend an order. The provisions of this chapter applicable to an order shall be applicable to any amendment to an order.
(Pub. L. 115–254, div. E, § 1304, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3471.)
15 U.S.C. § 8707 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 8707. Petition and review
(a) Petition
(1) In general
A person subject to an order issued under this chapter may file with the Secretary a petition—
(A) stating that the order, any provision of the order, or any obligation imposed in connection with the order, is not established in accordance with law; and
(B) requesting a modification of the order or an exemption from the order.
(2) Hearing
The Secretary shall give the petitioner an opportunity for a hearing on the petition, in accordance with regulations issued by the Secretary.
(3) Ruling
After the hearing, the Secretary shall make a ruling on the petition. The ruling shall be final, subject to review as set forth in subsection (b).
(4) Limitation on petition
Any petition filed under this subsection challenging an order, any provision of the order, or any obligation imposed in connection with the order, shall be filed not less than 2 years after the effective date of the order, provision, or obligation subject to challenge in the petition.
(b) Review
(1) Commencement of action
The district courts of the United States in any district in which a person who is a petitioner under subsection (a) resides or conducts business shall have jurisdiction to review the ruling of the Secretary on the petition of the person, if a complaint requesting the review is filed no later than 30 days after the date of the entry of the ruling by the Secretary.
(2) Process
Service of process in proceedings under this subsection shall be conducted in accordance with the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.
(3) Remands
If the court in a proceeding under this subsection determines that the ruling of the Secretary on the petition of the person is not in accordance with law, the court shall remand the matter to the Secretary with directions—
(A) to make such ruling as the court shall determine to be in accordance with law; or
(B) to take such further action as, in the opinion of the court, the law requires.
(c) Enforcement
The pendency of proceedings instituted under this section shall not impede, hinder, or delay the Attorney General or the Secretary from obtaining relief under section 8708 of this title.
(Pub. L. 115–254, div. E, § 1308, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3480.)
15 U.S.C. § 8708 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 8708. Enforcement
(a) Jurisdiction
A district court of the United States shall have jurisdiction to enforce, and to prevent and restrain any person from violating, this chapter or an order or regulation issued by the Secretary under this chapter.
(b) Referral to Attorney General
A civil action authorized to be brought under this section shall be referred to the Attorney General of the United States for appropriate action.
(c) Civil penalties and orders
(1) Civil penalties
A person who willfully violates an order or regulation issued by the Secretary under this chapter may be assessed by the Secretary a civil penalty of not more than $5,000 for each violation.
(2) Separate offense
Each violation and each day during which there is a failure to comply with an order or regulation issued by the Secretary shall be considered to be a separate offense.
(3) Cease-and-desist orders
In addition to, or in lieu of, a civil penalty, the Secretary may issue an order requiring a person to cease and desist from violating the order or regulation.
(4) Notice and hearing
No order assessing a penalty or cease-and-desist order may be issued by the Secretary under this subsection unless the Secretary provides notice and an opportunity for a hearing on the record with respect to the violation.
(5) Finality
An order assessing a penalty or a cease-and-desist order issued under this subsection by the Secretary shall be final and conclusive unless the person against whom the order is issued files an appeal from the order with the appropriate district court of the United States.
(d) Additional remedies
The remedies provided in this chapter shall be in addition to, and not exclusive of, other remedies that may be available.
(Pub. L. 115–254, div. E, § 1309, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3481.)
15 U.S.C. § 8709 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 8709. Investigation and power to subpoena
(a) Investigations
The Secretary may conduct such investigations as the Secretary considers necessary for the effective administration of this chapter, or to determine whether any person has engaged or is engaging in any act that constitutes a violation of this chapter or any order or regulation issued under this chapter.
(b) Subpoenas, oaths, and affirmations
(1) Investigations
For the purpose of conducting an investigation under subsection (a), the Secretary may administer oaths and affirmations, subpoena witnesses, compel the attendance of witnesses, take evidence, and require the production of any records that are relevant to the inquiry. The production of the records may be required from any place in the United States.
(2) Administrative hearings
For the purpose of an administrative hearing held under section 8707(a)(2) of this title or section 8708(c)(4) of this title, the presiding officer may administer oaths and affirmations, subpoena witnesses, compel the attendance of witnesses, take evidence, and require the production of any records that are relevant to the inquiry. The attendance of witnesses and the production of the records may be required from any place in the United States.
(c) Aid of courts
(1) In general
In the case of contumacy by, or refusal to obey a subpoena issued under subsection (b) to, any person, the Secretary may invoke the aid of any court of the United States within the jurisdiction of which the investigation or proceeding is conducted, or where the person resides or conducts business, in order to enforce a subpoena issued under subsection (b).
(2) Order
The court may issue an order requiring the person referred to in paragraph (1) to comply with a subpoena referred to in paragraph (1).
(3) Failure to obey
Any failure to obey the order of the court may be punished by the court as a contempt of court.
(4) Process
Process in any proceeding under this subsection may be served in the United States judicial district in which the person being proceeded against resides or conducts business, or wherever the person may be found.
(Pub. L. 115–254, div. E, § 1310, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3482.)
15 U.S.C. § 8710 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 8710. Suspension or termination
(a) Mandatory suspension or termination
The Secretary shall suspend or terminate an order or a provision of an order if the Secretary finds that an order or provision of an order obstructs or does not tend to effectuate the purpose of this chapter, or if the Secretary determines that the order or a provision of an order is not favored by a majority of all votes cast in the referendum as provided in section 8706(a)(2) of this title.
(b) Implementation of suspension or termination
If, as a result of a referendum conducted under section 8706 of this title, the Secretary determines that the order is not approved, the Secretary shall—
(1) not later than 180 days after making the determination, suspend or terminate, as the case may be, collection of assessments under the order; and
(2) as soon as practicable, suspend or terminate, as the case may be, activities under the order in an orderly manner.
(Pub. L. 115–254, div. E, § 1311, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3482.)
15 U.S.C. § 8711 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 8711. Amendments to orders
The provisions of this chapter applicable to the order shall be applicable to any amendment to the order, except that section 8707 of this title shall not apply to an amendment.
(Pub. L. 115–254, div. E, § 1312, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3483.)
15 U.S.C. § 8712 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 8712. Effect on other laws
This chapter shall not affect or preempt any other Federal or State law authorizing research, education, and promotion relating to concrete masonry products.
(Pub. L. 115–254, div. E, § 1313, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3483.)
15 U.S.C. § 8714 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 8714. Limitation on expenditures for administrative expenses
Funds appropriated to carry out this chapter may not be used for the payment of the expenses or expenditures of the Board in administering the order.
(Pub. L. 115–254, div. E, § 1315, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3483.)
15 U.S.C. § 8715 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 8715. Limitations on obligation of funds
(a) In general
In each fiscal year of the covered period, the Board may not obligate an amount greater than the sum of—
(1) 73 percent of the amount of assessments estimated to be collected under section 8705 of this title in such fiscal year;
(2) 73 percent of the amount of assessments actually collected under section 8705 of this title in the most recent fiscal year for which an audit report has been submitted under section 8704(f)(2)(B) of this title as of the beginning of the fiscal year for which the amount that may be obligated is being determined, less the estimate made pursuant to paragraph (1) for such most recent fiscal year; and
(3) amounts permitted in preceding fiscal years to be obligated pursuant to this subsection that have not been obligated.
(b) Excess amounts deposited in escrow account
Assessments collected under section 8705 of this title in excess of the amount permitted to be obligated under subsection (a) in a fiscal year shall be deposited in an escrow account for the duration of the covered period.
(c) Treatment of amounts in escrow account
During the covered period, the Board may not obligate, expend, or borrow against amounts required under subsection (b) to be deposited in the escrow account. Any interest earned on such amounts shall be deposited in the escrow account and shall be unavailable for obligation for the duration of the covered period.
(d) Release of amounts in escrow account
After the covered period, the Board may withdraw and obligate in any fiscal year an amount in the escrow account that does not exceed ⅕ of the amount in the escrow account on the last day of the covered period.
(e) Special rule for estimates for particular fiscal years
(1) Rule
For purposes of subsection (a)(1), the amount of assessments estimated to be collected under section 8705 of this title in a fiscal year specified in paragraph (2) shall be equal to 62 percent of the amount of assessments actually collected under such section in the most recent fiscal year for which an audit report has been submitted under section 8704(f)(2)(B) of this title as of the beginning of the fiscal year for which the amount that may be obligated is being determined.
(2) Fiscal years specified
The fiscal years specified in this paragraph are the 9th and 10th fiscal years that begin on or after October 5, 2018.
(f) Covered period defined
In this section, the term “covered period” means the period that begins on October 5, 2018, and ends on the last day of the 11th fiscal year that begins on or after such date.
(Pub. L. 115–254, div. E, § 1316, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3483.)
15 U.S.C. § 8716 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 8716. Study and report by the Government Accountability Office
Not later than 5 years after October 5, 2018, the Comptroller General of the United States shall prepare a study, and not later than 8 years after October 5, 2018, the Comptroller General shall submit to Congress and the Secretary a report, examining—
(1) how the Board spends assessments collected;
(2) the extent to which the reported activities of the Board help achieve the annual objectives of the Board;
(3) any changes in demand for concrete masonry products relative to other building materials;
(4) any impact of the activities of the Board on the market share of competing products;
(5) any impact of the activities of the Board on the overall size of the market for building products;
(6) any impact of the activities of the Board on the total number of concrete-masonry-related jobs, including manufacturing, sales, and installation;
(7) any significant effects of the activities of the Board on downstream purchasers of concrete masonry products and real property into which concrete masonry products are incorporated;
(8) effects on prices of concrete masonry products as a result of the activities of the Board;
(9) the cost to the Federal Government of an increase in concrete masonry product prices, if any, as a result of the program established by this chapter;
(10) the extent to which key statutory requirements are met;
(11) the extent and strength of Federal oversight of the program established by this chapter;
(12) the appropriateness of administering the program from within the Office of the Secretary of Commerce and the appropriateness of administering the program from within any division of the Department, including whether the Department has the expertise, knowledge, or other capabilities necessary to adequately administer the program; and
(13) any other topic that the Comptroller General considers appropriate.
(Pub. L. 115–254, div. E, § 1317, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3484.)
15 U.S.C. § 8717 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 8717. Study and report by the Department of Commerce
Not later than 3 years after October 5, 2018, the Secretary shall prepare a study and submit to Congress a report examining the appropriateness and effectiveness of applying the commodity check-off program model (such as those programs established under the Commodity Promotion, Research, and Information Act of 1996 (7 U.S.C. 7411 et seq.)) to a nonagricultural industry, taking into account the program established by this chapter and any other check-off program involving a nonagricultural industry.
(Pub. L. 115–254, div. E, § 1318, Oct. 5, 2018, 132 Stat. 3485.)
heading: References in Text
text: The Commodity Promotion, Research, and Information Act of 1996, referred to in text, is subtitle B of title V of Pub. L. 104–127, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1032, which is classified generally to subchapter II (§ 7411 et seq.) of chapter 101 of Title 7, Agriculture. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 7401 of Title 7 and Tables.
15 U.S.C. § 8801 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 8801. Definitions
In this chapter:
(1) Advisory Committee
The term “Advisory Committee” means the National Quantum Initiative Advisory Committee established under section 8814(a) of this title.
(2) Appropriate committees of Congress
The term “appropriate committees of Congress” means—
(A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate;
(B) the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate; and
(C) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives.
(3) Coordination Office
The term “Coordination Office” means the National Quantum Coordination Office established under section 8812(a) of this title.
(4) Institution of higher education
The term “institution of higher education” has the meaning given the term in section 1001(a) of title 20.
(5) Program
The term “Program” means the National Quantum Initiative Program implemented under section 8811(a) of this title.
(6) Quantum information science
The term “quantum information science” means the use of the laws of quantum physics for the storage, transmission, manipulation, computing, or measurement of information.
(7) Subcommittee
The term “Subcommittee” means the Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science of the National Science and Technology Council established under section 8813(a) of this title.
(Pub. L. 115–368, § 2, Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5092.)
heading: Short Title
text: Pub. L. 115–368, § 1(a), Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5092, provided that: “This Act [enacting this chapter] may be cited as the ‘National Quantum Initiative Act’.”
15 U.S.C. § 8802 (COMMERCE AND TRADE)
§ 8802. Purposes
The purpose of this chapter is to ensure the continued leadership of the United States in quantum information science and its technology applications by—
(1) supporting research, development, demonstration, and application of quantum information science and technology—
(A) to expand the number of researchers, educators, and students with training in quantum information science and technology to develop a workforce pipeline;
(B) to promote the development and inclusion of multidisciplinary curriculum and research opportunities for quantum information science at the undergraduate, graduate, and postdoctoral level;
(C) to address basic research knowledge gaps, including computational research gaps;
(D) to promote the further development of facilities and centers available for quantum information science and technology research, testing and education; and
(E) to stimulate research on and promote more rapid development of quantum-based technologies;
(2) improving the interagency planning and coordination of Federal research and development of quantum information science and technology;
(3) maximizing the effectiveness of the Federal Government’s quantum information science and technology research, development, and demonstration programs;
(4) promoting collaboration among the Federal Government, Federal laboratories, industry, and universities; and
(5) promoting the development of international standards for quantum information science and technology security—
(A) to facilitate technology innovation and private sector commercialization; and
(B) to meet economic and national security goals.
(Pub. L. 115–368, § 3, Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5093.)