dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
47 U.S.C. § 227a (TELECOMMUNICATIONS)
§ 227a. Consumer education materials on how to avoid scams that rely upon misleading or inaccurate caller identification information
(1) Development of materials
Not later than 1 year after March 23, 2018, the Commission, in coordination with the Federal Trade Commission, shall develop consumer education materials that provide information about—
(A) ways for consumers to identify scams and other fraudulent activity that rely upon the use of misleading or inaccurate caller identification information; and
(B) existing technologies, if any, that a consumer can use to protect against such scams and other fraudulent activity.
(2) Contents
In developing the consumer education materials under paragraph (1), the Commission shall—
(A) identify existing technologies, if any, that can help consumers guard themselves against scams and other fraudulent activity that rely upon the use of misleading or inaccurate caller identification information, including—
(i) descriptions of how a consumer can use the technologies to protect against such scams and other fraudulent activity; and
(ii) details on how consumers can access and use the technologies; and
(B) provide other information that may help consumers identify and avoid scams and other fraudulent activity that rely upon the use of misleading or inaccurate caller identification information.
(3) Updates
The Commission shall ensure that the consumer education materials required under paragraph (1) are updated on a regular basis.
(4) Website
The Commission shall include the consumer education materials developed under paragraph (1) on its website.
(Pub. L. 115–141, div. P, title V, § 503(b), Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1092.)
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the Repack Airwaves Yielding Better Access for Users of Modern Services Act of 2018, also known as the RAY BAUM’S Act of 2018, and as part of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018, and not as part of the Communications Act of 1934 which comprises this chapter.
heading: Definitions
text: For definition of “Commission” as used in this section, see section 2 of div. P of of Pub. L. 115–141, set out as a note under section 155a of this title.
47 U.S.C. § 257 (TELECOMMUNICATIONS)
§ 257. Market entry barriers proceeding
(a) Elimination of barriers
Within 15 months after February 8, 1996, the Commission shall complete a proceeding for the purpose of identifying and eliminating, by regulations pursuant to its authority under this chapter (other than this section), market entry barriers for entrepreneurs and other small businesses in the provision and ownership of telecommunications services and information services, or in the provision of parts or services to providers of telecommunications services and information services.
(b) National policy
In carrying out subsection (a), the Commission shall seek to promote the policies and purposes of this chapter favoring diversity of media voices, vigorous economic competition, technological advancement, and promotion of the public interest, convenience, and necessity.
(June 19, 1934, ch. 652, title II, § 257, as added Pub. L. 104–104, title I, § 101(a), Feb. 8, 1996, 110 Stat. 77; amended Pub. L. 115–141, div. P, title IV, § 402(f), Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1089.)
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning act June 19, 1934, ch. 652, 48 Stat. 1064, known as the Communications Act of 1934, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 609 of this title and Tables.
heading: Amendments
text: 2018—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 115–141 struck out subsec. (c). Text read as follows: “Every 3 years following the completion of the proceeding required by subsection (a), the Commission shall review and report to Congress on—
“(1) any regulations prescribed to eliminate barriers within its jurisdiction that are identified under subsection (a) and that can be prescribed consistent with the public interest, convenience, and necessity; and
“(2) the statutory barriers identified under subsection (a) that the Commission recommends be eliminated, consistent with the public interest, convenience, and necessity.”
47 U.S.C. § 309a (TELECOMMUNICATIONS)
§ 309a. Reports related to spectrum auctions
(a) Omitted
(b) Auction expenditure justification report
Not later than April 1, 2019, and annually thereafter, the Commission shall provide to the appropriate committees of Congress a report containing a detailed justification for the use of proceeds retained by the Commission under section 309(j)(8)(B) of this title for the costs of developing and implementing the program required by section 309(j) of this title.
(c) Definition
For purposes of this section, the term “appropriate committees of Congress” means—
(1) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate;
(2) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
(3) the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives; and
(4) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives.
(Pub. L. 115–141, div. P, title V, § 512, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1097.)
heading: Codification
text: Section is comprised of section 512 of div. P of Pub. L. 115–141. Subsec. (a) of section 512 of div. P of Pub. L. 115–141 amended section 309 of this title.
47 U.S.C. § 331 (TELECOMMUNICATIONS)
§ 331. Very high frequency stations and AM radio stations
(a) Very high frequency stations
It shall be the policy of the Federal Communications Commission to allocate channels for very high frequency commercial television broadcasting in a manner which ensures that not less than one such channel shall be allocated to each State, if technically feasible. In any case in which licensee of a very high frequency commercial television broadcast station notifies the Commission to the effect that such licensee will agree to the reallocation of its channel to a community within a State in which there is allocated no very high frequency commercial television broadcast channel at the time 1 such notification, the Commission shall, notwithstanding any other provision of law, order such reallocation and issue a license to such licensee for that purpose pursuant to such notification for a term of not to exceed 5 years as provided in section 307(d) 2 of this title.
(b) AM radio stations
It shall be the policy of the Commission, in any case in which the licensee of an existing AM daytime-only station located in a community with a population of more than 100,000 persons that lacks a local full-time aural station licensed to that community and that is located within a Class I station primary service area notifies the Commission that such licensee seeks to provide full-time service, to ensure that such a licensee is able to place a principal community contour signal over its entire community of license 24 hours a day, if technically feasible.
(June 19, 1934, ch. 652, title III, § 331, as added Pub. L. 97–248, title III, § 355, Sept. 3, 1982, 96 Stat. 641; amended Pub. L. 102–243, § 4, Dec. 20, 1991, 105 Stat. 2402; Pub. L. 103–414, title III, § 303(a)(18), Oct. 25, 1994, 108 Stat. 4295; Pub. L. 115–141, div. P, title IV, § 402(i)(5), Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1089.)
heading: References in Text
text: Subsec. (d) of section 307 of this title, referred to in subsec. (a), was redesignated subsec. (c) of section 307 by Pub. L. 97–259, title I, § 112(a), Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 1093.
heading: Codification
text: Another section 331 of act June 19, 1934 was renumbered section 332 and is classified to section 332 of this title.
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 331, act June 19, 1934, ch. 652, title III, § 331, as added Sept. 14, 1973, Pub. L. 93–107, § 1, 87 Stat. 350, related to broadcasting of games of professional sports clubs, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 93–107, § 2, Sept. 14, 1973, 87 Stat. 351, effective Dec. 31, 1975.
heading: Amendments
text: 2018—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 115–141 struck out at end: “The Commission shall report to the appropriate committees of Congress within 30 days after December 20, 1991, on how it intends to meet this policy goal.”
1994—Pub. L. 103–414 amended section catchline generally.
1991—Pub. L. 102–243 inserted “and AM radio stations” in section catchline, designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and inserted heading, and added subsec. (b).
47 U.S.C. § 703 (TELECOMMUNICATIONS)
§ 703. Repealed. Pub. L. 115–141, div. P, title IV, § 402(b), Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1089
text: Section, Pub. L. 109–34, § 4, July 12, 2005, 119 Stat. 377, required the Federal Communications Commission to submit to Congress an annual report related to competitive market conditions with respect to domestic and international satellite communications services.
47 U.S.C. § 765e (TELECOMMUNICATIONS)
§ 765e. Repealed. Pub. L. 115–141, div. P, title IV, § 402(a), Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1089
text: Section, Pub. L. 87–624, title VI, § 646, as added Pub. L. 106–180, § 3, Mar. 17, 2000, 114 Stat. 57, related to reports to Congress on the progress made to achieve the objectives and carry out the purposes and provisions of this subchapter.
47 U.S.C. § 1501 (TELECOMMUNICATIONS)
§ 1501. Definitions
In this chapter:
(1) Appropriate committees of Congress
The term “appropriate committees of Congress” means—
(A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate;
(B) the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives; and
(C) each committee of the Senate or of the House of Representatives with jurisdiction over a Federal entity affected by the applicable section in which the term appears.
(2) Commission
The term “Commission” means the Federal Communications Commission.
(3) Federal entity
The term “Federal entity” has the meaning given the term in section 923(l) of this title.
(4) NTIA
The term “NTIA” means the National Telecommunications and Information Administration of the Department of Commerce.
(5) OMB
The term “OMB” means the Office of Management and Budget.
(6) Secretary
The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Commerce.
(Pub. L. 115–141, div. P, title VI, § 602, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1097.)
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this title”, meaning title VI of div. P of Pub. L. 115–141, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1097, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title VI to the Code, see Short Title note set out below and Tables.
heading: Short Title
text: Pub. L. 115–141, div. P, title VI, § 601, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1097, provided that: “This title [enacting this chapter, amending sections 928 and 1455 of this title, enacting provisions set out as notes under section 1455 of this title, and enacting and amending provisions set out as as notes under section 1303 of Title 40, Public Buildings, Property, and Works] may be cited as the ‘Making Opportunities for Broadband Investment and Limiting Excessive and Needless Obstacles to Wireless Act’ or the ‘MOBILE NOW Act’.”
47 U.S.C. § 1503 (TELECOMMUNICATIONS)
§ 1503. Millimeter wave spectrum
(a) FCC proceeding
Not later than 2 years after March 23, 2018, the Commission shall publish a notice of proposed rulemaking to consider service rules to authorize mobile or fixed terrestrial wireless operations, including for advanced mobile service operations, in the radio frequency band between 42000 and 42500 megahertz.
(b) Considerations
In conducting a rulemaking under subsection (a), the Commission shall—
(1) consider how the band described in subsection (a) may be used to provide commercial wireless broadband service, including whether—
(A) such spectrum may be best used for licensed or unlicensed services, or some combination thereof; and
(B) to permit additional licensed operations in such band on a shared basis; and
(2) include technical characteristics under which the band described in subsection (a) may be employed for mobile or fixed terrestrial wireless operations, including any appropriate coexistence requirements.
(c) Spectrum made available on and after February 11, 2016
Any spectrum that has been made available for licensed or unlicensed use on or after February 11, 2016, and that otherwise satisfies the requirements of section 1502 of this title may be counted towards the requirements of section 1502(a) of this title.
(Pub. L. 115–141, div. P, title VI, § 604, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1099.)
47 U.S.C. § 1505 (TELECOMMUNICATIONS)
§ 1505. Unlicensed services in guard bands
(a) In general
After public notice and comment, and in consultation with the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and Information and the head of each affected Federal agency (or a designee thereof), with respect to frequencies allocated for Federal use, the Commission shall adopt rules that permit unlicensed services where feasible to use any frequencies that are designated as guard bands to protect frequencies allocated after March 23, 2018, by competitive bidding under section 309(j) of this title, including spectrum that acts as a duplex gap between transmit and receive frequencies.
(b) Limitation
The Commission may not permit any use of a guard band under this section that would cause harmful interference to a licensed service or a Federal service.
(c) Rule of construction
Nothing in this section shall be construed as limiting the Commission or the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and Information from otherwise making spectrum available for licensed or unlicensed use in any frequency band in addition to guard bands, including under section 1502 of this title, consistent with their statutory jurisdictions.
(Pub. L. 115–141, div. P, title VI, § 611, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1109.)
47 U.S.C. § 1507 (TELECOMMUNICATIONS)
§ 1507. Unlicensed spectrum policy
(a) Statement of policy
It is the policy of the United States—
(1) to maximize the benefit to the people of the United States of the spectrum resources of the United States;
(2) to advance innovation and investment in wireless broadband services; and
(3) to promote spectrum policy that makes available on an unlicensed basis radio frequency bands to address consumer demand for unlicensed wireless broadband operations.
(b) Commission responsibilities
The Commission shall ensure that the efforts of the Commission related to spectrum allocation and assignment made available on an unlicensed basis radio frequency bands to address demand for unlicensed wireless broadband operations if doing so is, after taking into account the future needs of homeland security, national security, and other spectrum users—
(1) reasonable; and
(2) in the public interest.
(c) Rule of construction
Nothing in this section confers any additional rights on unlicensed users or users licensed by rule under part 96 of title 47, Code of Federal Regulations, to protection from harmful interference.
(Pub. L. 115–141, div. P, title VI, § 617, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1112.)
47 U.S.C. § 1509 (TELECOMMUNICATIONS)
§ 1509. Spectrum Challenge Prize
(a) Short title
This section may be cited as the “Spectrum Challenge Prize Act”.
(b) Definition of prize competition
In this section, the term “prize competition” means a prize competition conducted by the Secretary under subsection (c)(1).
(c) Spectrum Challenge Prize
(1) In general
The Secretary, in consultation with the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and Information and the Under Secretary of Commerce for Standards and Technology, shall, subject to the availability of funds for prize competitions under this section—
(A) conduct prize competitions to dramatically accelerate the development and commercialization of technology that improves spectrum efficiency and is capable of cost-effective deployment; and
(B) define a measurable set of performance goals for participants in the prize competitions to demonstrate their solutions on a level playing field while making a significant advancement over the current state of the art.
(2) Authority of Secretary
In carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary may—
(A) enter into a grant, contract, cooperative agreement, or other agreement with a private sector for-profit or nonprofit entity to administer the prize competitions;
(B) invite the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, the Commission, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the National Science Foundation, or any other Federal agency to provide advice and assistance in the design or administration of the prize competitions; and
(C) award not more than $5,000,000, in the aggregate, to the winner or winners of the prize competitions.
(d) Criteria
Not later than 180 days after the date on which funds for prize competitions are made available pursuant to this section, the Commission shall publish a technical paper on spectrum efficiency providing criteria that may be used for the design of the prize competitions.
(e) Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section.
(Pub. L. 115–141, div. P, title VI, § 619, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1113.)
47 U.S.C. § 1510 (TELECOMMUNICATIONS)
§ 1510. Wireless telecommunications tax and fee collection fairness
(a) Short title
This section may be cited as the “Wireless Telecommunications Tax and Fee Collection Fairness Act”.
(b) Definitions
In this section:
(1) Financial transaction
The term “financial transaction” means a transaction in which the purchaser or user of a wireless telecommunications service upon whom a tax, fee, or surcharge is imposed gives cash, credit, or any other exchange of monetary value or consideration to the person who is required to collect or remit the tax, fee, or surcharge.
(2) Local jurisdiction
The term “local jurisdiction” means a political subdivision of a State.
(3) State
The term “State” means any of the several States, the District of Columbia, and any territory or possession of the United States.
(4) State or local jurisdiction
The term “State or local jurisdiction” includes any governmental entity or person acting on behalf of a State or local jurisdiction that has the authority to assess, impose, levy, or collect taxes or fees.
(5) Wireless telecommunications service
The term “wireless telecommunications service” means a commercial mobile radio service, as defined in section 20.3 of title 47, Code of Federal Regulations, or any successor thereto.
(c) Financial transaction requirement
(1) In general
A State, or a local jurisdiction of a State, may not require a person who is neither a resident of such State or local jurisdiction nor an entity having its principal place of business in such State or local jurisdiction to collect from, or remit on behalf of, any other person a State or local tax, fee, or surcharge imposed on a purchaser or user with respect to the purchase or use of any wireless telecommunications service within the State unless the collection or remittance is in connection with a financial transaction.
(2) Rule of construction
Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to affect the right of a State or local jurisdiction to require the collection of any tax, fee, or surcharge in connection with a financial transaction.
(d) Enforcement
(1) Private right of action
Any person aggrieved by a violation of subsection (c) may bring a civil action in an appropriate district court of the United States for equitable relief in accordance with paragraph (2) of this subsection.
(2) Jurisdiction of district courts
Notwithstanding section 1341 of title 28, or the constitution or laws of any State, the district courts of the United States shall have jurisdiction, without regard to the amount in controversy or citizenship of the parties, to grant such mandatory or prohibitive injunctive relief, interim equitable relief, and declaratory judgments as may be necessary to prevent, restrain, or terminate any acts in violation of subsection (c).
(Pub. L. 115–141, div. P, title VI, § 620, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1114.)
47 U.S.C. § 1511 (TELECOMMUNICATIONS)
§ 1511. Rules of construction
(a) Ranges of frequencies
Each range of frequencies described in this chapter shall be construed to be inclusive of the upper and lower frequencies in the range.
(b) Assessment of electromagnetic spectrum reallocation
Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to affect any requirement under section 156 of the National Telecommunications and Information Administration Organization Act (47 U.S.C. 921 note), as added by section 1062(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2000.
(Pub. L. 115–141, div. P, title VI, § 621, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1115.)
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this title”, meaning title VI of div. P of Pub. L. 115–141, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1097, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title VI to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1501 of this title and Tables.
Section 156 of the National Telecommunications and Information Administration Organization Act, as added by section 1062(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2000, referred to in subsec. (b), is section 156 of title I of Pub. L. 102–538, as added by Pub. L. 106–65, div. A, title X, § 1062(a), Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 767, formerly set out as a note under section 921 of this title.
47 U.S.C. § 1512 (TELECOMMUNICATIONS)
§ 1512. Relationship to Middle Class tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012
Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to limit, restrict, or circumvent in any way the implementation of the nationwide public safety broadband network defined in section 6001 of title VI of the Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012 (47 U.S.C. 1401) or any rules implementing that network under title VI of that Act (47 U.S.C. 1401 et seq.).
(Pub. L. 115–141, div. P, title VI, § 622, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1115.)
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this title”, meaning title VI of div. P of Pub. L. 115–141, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1097, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title VI to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1501 of this title and Tables.
The Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 112–96, Feb. 22, 2012, 126 Stat. 156. Title VI of the Act is classified principally to chapter 13 (§ 1401 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1(a) of Pub. L. 112–96, set out as a Short Title of 2012 Amendment note under section 1 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code, and Tables.
47 U.S.C. § 1513 (TELECOMMUNICATIONS)
§ 1513. No additional funds authorized
No additional funds are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this chapter. This chapter shall be carried out using amounts otherwise authorized.
(Pub. L. 115–141, div. P, title VI, § 623, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1115.)
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this title”, meaning title VI of div. P of Pub. L. 115–141, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1097, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of title VI to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1501 of this title and Tables.