dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
34 U.S.C. § 12311 (CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT)
§ 12311. Training programs
(a) In general
The Attorney General, after consultation with victim advocates and individuals who have expertise in treating sex offenders, shall establish criteria and develop training programs to assist probation and parole officers and other personnel who work with released sex offenders in the areas of—
(1) case management;
(2) supervision; and
(3) relapse prevention.
(b) Training programs
The Attorney General shall ensure, to the extent practicable, that training programs developed under subsection (a) are available in geographically diverse locations throughout the country.
(c) Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2014 through 2018.
(Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40152, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1920; Pub. L. 109–162, title I, § 108, title XI, § 1167, Jan. 5, 2006, 119 Stat. 2984, 3121; Pub. L. 109–271, § 2(a), (b), Aug. 12, 2006, 120 Stat. 751, 752; Pub. L. 113–4, title I, § 105, Mar. 7, 2013, 127 Stat. 77.)
heading: Codification
text: Section was formerly classified to section 13941 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
heading: Amendments
text: 2013—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 113–4 substituted “$5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2014 through 2018.” for “$5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2007 through 2011.”
2006—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 109–271, § 2(b), which directed amendment of section 1167 of the Violence Against Women Act of 2005, Pub. L. 109–162, by substituting “2007 through 2011” for “2006 through 2010”, was executed to subsec. (c) of this section, which is section 40152 of the Violence Against Women Act of 1994, as amended by section 1167 of Pub. L. 109–162, to reflect the probable intent of Congress. See below.
Pub. L. 109–162, § 1167, added subsec. (c) and struck out heading and text of former subsec. (c) which authorized appropriations to carry out this section for fiscal years 1996 and 1997.
Pub. L. 109–162, § 108, which directed the striking of subsec. (c) and the insertion of a new subsec. (c), authorizing appropriations to carry out this section for fiscal years 2007 through 2011, was repealed by Pub. L. 109–271, § 2(a).
heading: Effective Date of 2013 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 113–4 not effective until the beginning of the fiscal year following Mar. 7, 2013, see section 4 of Pub. L. 113–4, set out as a note under section 2261 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure.
34 U.S.C. § 12313 (CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT)
§ 12313. Information programs
The Attorney General shall compile information regarding sex offender treatment programs and ensure that information regarding community treatment programs in the community into which a convicted sex offender is released is made available to each person serving a sentence of imprisonment in a Federal penal or correctional institution for a commission of an offense under chapter 109A of title 18 or for the commission of a similar offense, including halfway houses and psychiatric institutions.
(Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40154, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1922.)
heading: Codification
text: Section was formerly classified to section 13943 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 12321 (CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT)
§ 12321. Confidentiality of abused person’s address
(a) Regulations
Not later than 90 days after September 13, 1994, the United States Postal Service shall promulgate regulations to secure the confidentiality of domestic violence shelters and abused persons’ addresses.
(b) Requirements
The regulations under subsection (a) shall require—
(1) in the case of an individual, the presentation to an appropriate postal official of a valid, outstanding protection order; and
(2) in the case of a domestic violence shelter, the presentation to an appropriate postal authority of proof from a State domestic violence coalition that meets the requirements of section 10410 1 of title 42 verifying that the organization is a domestic violence shelter.
(c) Disclosure for certain purposes
The regulations under subsection (a) shall not prohibit the disclosure of addresses to State or Federal agencies for legitimate law enforcement or other governmental purposes.
(d) Existing compilations
Compilations of addresses existing at the time at which order is presented to an appropriate postal official shall be excluded from the scope of the regulations under subsection (a).
(Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40281, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1938.)
heading: References in Text
text: Section 10410 of title 42, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), was generally amended by Pub. L. 111–320, title II, § 201, Dec. 20, 2010, 124 Stat. 3497, and, as so amended, no longer contains provisions relating to grants for State domestic violence coalitions. See section 10411 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.
heading: Codification
text: Section was formerly classified to section 13951 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 12331 (CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT)
§ 12331. Research agenda
(a) Request for contract
The Attorney General shall request the National Academy of Sciences, through its National Research Council, to enter into a contract to develop a research agenda to increase the understanding and control of violence against women, including rape and domestic violence. In furtherance of the contract, the National Academy shall convene a panel of nationally recognized experts on violence against women, in the fields of law, medicine, criminal justice, and direct services to victims and experts on domestic violence in diverse, ethnic, social, and language minority communities and the social sciences. In setting the agenda, the Academy shall focus primarily on preventive, educative, social, and legal strategies, including addressing the needs of underserved populations.
(b) Declination of request
If the National Academy of Sciences declines to conduct the study and develop a research agenda, it shall recommend a nonprofit private entity that is qualified to conduct such a study. In that case, the Attorney General shall carry out subsection (a) through the nonprofit private entity recommended by the Academy. In either case, whether the study is conducted by the National Academy of Sciences or by the nonprofit group it recommends, the funds for the contract shall be made available from sums appropriated for the conduct of research by the National Institute of Justice.
(c) Report
The Attorney General shall ensure that no later than 1 year after September 13, 1994, the study required under subsection (a) is completed and a report describing the findings made is submitted to the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives.
(Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40291, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1939.)
heading: Codification
text: Section was formerly classified to section 13961 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 12332 (CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT)
§ 12332. State databases
(a) In general
The Attorney General shall study and report to the States and to Congress on how the States may collect centralized databases on the incidence of sexual and domestic violence offenses within a State.
(b) Consultation
In conducting its study, the Attorney General shall consult persons expert in the collection of criminal justice data, State statistical administrators, law enforcement personnel, and nonprofit nongovernmental agencies that provide direct services to victims of domestic violence. The final report shall set forth the views of the persons consulted on the recommendations.
(c) Report
The Attorney General shall ensure that no later than 1 year after September 13, 1994, the study required under subsection (a) is completed and a report describing the findings made is submitted to the Committees on the Judiciary of the Senate and the House of Representatives.
(d) Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $200,000 for fiscal year 1996.
(Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40292, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1939.)
heading: Codification
text: Section was formerly classified to section 13962 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 12333 (CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT)
§ 12333. Number and cost of injuries
(a) Study
The Secretary of Health and Human Services, acting through the Centers for Disease Control Injury Control Division, shall conduct a study to obtain a national projection of the incidence of injuries resulting from domestic violence, the cost of injuries to health care facilities, and recommend health care strategies for reducing the incidence and cost of such injuries.
(b) Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section—$100,000 for fiscal year 1996.
(Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40293, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1940.)
heading: Codification
text: Section was formerly classified to section 13963 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
heading: Change of Name
text: Centers for Disease Control changed to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention by Pub. L. 102–531, title III, § 312, Oct. 27, 1992, 106 Stat. 3504.
34 U.S.C. § 12371 (CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT)
§ 12371. Grants authorized
The State Justice Institute may award grants for the purpose of developing, testing, presenting, and disseminating model programs to be used by States (as defined in section 10701 of title 42) in training judges and court personnel in the laws of the States and by Indian tribes in training tribal judges and court personnel in the laws of the tribes on rape, sexual assault, domestic violence, dating violence, and other crimes of violence motivated by the victim’s gender. Nothing shall preclude the attendance of tribal judges and court personnel at programs funded under this section for States to train judges and court personnel on the laws of the States.
(Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40411, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1942; Pub. L. 106–386, div. B, title IV, § 1406(c)(2), (d)(1), Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1516.)
heading: Codification
text: Section was formerly classified to section 13991 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
heading: Amendments
text: 2000—Pub. L. 106–386 inserted “dating violence,” after “domestic violence,” and “Nothing shall preclude the attendance of tribal judges and court personnel at programs funded under this section for States to train judges and court personnel on the laws of the States.” at end.
34 U.S.C. § 12373 (CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT)
§ 12373. Cooperation in developing programs in making grants under this part
The State Justice Institute shall ensure that model programs carried out pursuant to grants made under this part are developed with the participation of law enforcement officials, public and private nonprofit victim advocates, including national, State, tribal, and local domestic violence and sexual assault programs and coalitions, legal experts, prosecutors, defense attorneys, and recognized experts on gender bias in the courts.
(Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40413, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1944; Pub. L. 106–386, div. B, title IV, § 1406(c)(1), Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1516.)
heading: Codification
text: Section was formerly classified to section 13993 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
heading: Amendments
text: 2000—Pub. L. 106–386 inserted “, including national, State, tribal, and local domestic violence and sexual assault programs and coalitions” after “victim advocates”.
34 U.S.C. § 12381 (CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT)
§ 12381. Authorization of circuit studies; education and training grants
(a) Studies
In order to gain a better understanding of the nature and the extent of gender bias in the Federal courts, the circuit judicial councils are encouraged to conduct studies of the instances, if any, of gender bias in their respective circuits and to implement recommended reforms.
(b) Matters for examination
The studies under subsection (a) may include an examination of the effects of gender on—
(1) the treatment of litigants, witnesses, attorneys, jurors, and judges in the courts, including before magistrate and bankruptcy judges;
(2) the interpretation and application of the law, both civil and criminal;
(3) treatment of defendants in criminal cases;
(4) treatment of victims of violent crimes in judicial proceedings;
(5) sentencing;
(6) sentencing alternatives and the nature of supervision of probation and parole;
(7) appointments to committees of the Judicial Conference and the courts;
(8) case management and court sponsored alternative dispute resolution programs;
(9) the selection, retention, promotion, and treatment of employees;
(10) appointment of arbitrators, experts, and special masters;
(11) the admissibility of the victim’s past sexual history in civil and criminal cases; and
(12) the aspects of the topics listed in section 12372 of this title that pertain to issues within the jurisdiction of the Federal courts.
(c) Clearinghouse
The Administrative Office of the United States Courts shall act as a clearinghouse to disseminate any reports and materials issued by the gender bias task forces under subsection (a) and to respond to requests for such reports and materials. The gender bias task forces shall provide the Administrative Office of the Courts of the United States 1 with their reports and related material.
(d) Continuing education and training programs
The Federal Judicial Center, in carrying out section 620(b)(3) of title 28, shall include in the educational programs it prepares, including the training programs for newly appointed judges, information on the aspects of the topics listed in section 12372 of this title that pertain to issues within the jurisdiction of the Federal courts, and shall prepare materials necessary to implement this subsection.
(Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40421, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1944; Pub. L. 106–386, div. B, title IV, § 1406(b)(1), Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1516.)
heading: Codification
text: Section was formerly classified to section 14001 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
heading: Amendments
text: 2000—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 106–386 amended heading and text of subsec. (d) generally, substituting provisions relating to continuing education and training programs for provisions relating to model programs.
34 U.S.C. § 12392 (CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT)
§ 12392. Enforcement of statutory rape laws
(a) Sense of Senate
It is the sense of the Senate that States and local jurisdictions should aggressively enforce statutory rape laws.
(b) Justice Department program on statutory rape
Not later than January 1, 1997, the Attorney General shall establish and implement a program that—
(1) studies the linkage between statutory rape and teenage pregnancy, particularly by predatory older men committing repeat offenses; and
(2) educates State and local criminal law enforcement officials on the prevention and prosecution of statutory rape, focusing in particular on the commission of statutory rape by predatory older men committing repeat offenses, and any links to teenage pregnancy.
(c) Violence against women initiative
The Attorney General shall ensure that the Department of Justice’s Violence Against Women initiative addresses the issue of statutory rape, particularly the commission of statutory rape by predatory older men committing repeat offenses.
(Pub. L. 104–193, title IX, § 906, Aug. 22, 1996, 110 Stat. 2349.)
heading: Codification
text: Section was formerly classified to section 14016 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
Section was enacted as part of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996, and not as part of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 which enacted this chapter.
34 U.S.C. § 12401 (CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT)
§ 12401. Grant program
(a) In general
The Attorney General is authorized to provide grants to States and units of local government to improve and implement processes for entering data regarding stalking and domestic violence into local, State, and national crime information databases.
(b) Eligibility
To be eligible to receive a grant under subsection (a), a State or unit of local government shall certify that it has or intends to establish a program that enters into the National Crime Information Center records of—
(1) warrants for the arrest of persons violating protection orders intended to protect victims from stalking or domestic violence;
(2) arrests or convictions of persons violating protection 1 or domestic violence; and
(3) protection orders for the protection of persons from stalking or domestic violence.
(Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40602, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1951; Pub. L. 106–386, div. B, title I, § 1106(b), Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1497.)
heading: Codification
text: Section was formerly classified to section 14031 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
heading: Amendments
text: 2000—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 106–386 inserted “and implement” after “improve”.
34 U.S.C. § 12402 (CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT)
§ 12402. Authorization of appropriations
There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this part $3,000,000 for fiscal years 2014 through 2018.
(Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40603, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1951; Pub. L. 106–386, div. B, title I, § 1106(a), Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1497; Pub. L. 109–162, title I, § 109, Jan. 5, 2006, 119 Stat. 2984; Pub. L. 113–4, title XI, § 1103, Mar. 7, 2013, 127 Stat. 135.)
heading: References in Text
text: This part, referred to in text, was in the original “this subtitle”, meaning subtitle F of title IV of Pub. L. 103–322, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1950, which enacted this part, amended section 534 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure, and enacted provisions set out as a note under section 534 of Title 28.
heading: Codification
text: Section was formerly classified to section 14032 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
heading: Amendments
text: 2013—Pub. L. 113–4 substituted “$3,000,000 for fiscal years 2014 through 2018.” for “$3,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2007 through 2011.”
2006—Pub. L. 109–162, § 109(2), which directed substitution of “2011” for “2006”, was executed by substituting “2011” for “2005” to reflect the probable intent of Congress, because “2006” does not appear in text.
Pub. L. 109–162, § 109(1), substituted “2007” for “2001”.
2000—Pub. L. 106–386 reenacted section catchline without change and amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this part—
“(1) $1,500,000 for fiscal year 1996;
“(2) $1,750,000 for fiscal year 1997; and
“(3) $2,750,000 for fiscal year 1998.”
34 U.S.C. § 12403 (CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT)
§ 12403. Application requirements
An application for a grant under this part shall be submitted in such form and manner, and contain such information, as the Attorney General may prescribe. In addition, applications shall include documentation showing—
(1) the need for grant funds and that State or local funding, as the case may be, does not already cover these operations;
(2) intended use of the grant funds, including a plan of action to increase record input; and
(3) an estimate of expected results from the use of the grant funds.
(Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40604, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1951.)
heading: Codification
text: Section was formerly classified to section 14033 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 12404 (CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT)
§ 12404. Disbursement
Not later than 90 days after the receipt of an application under this part, the Attorney General shall either provide grant funds or shall inform the applicant why grant funds are not being provided.
(Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40605, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1952.)
heading: Codification
text: Section was formerly classified to section 14034 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 12405 (CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT)
§ 12405. Technical assistance, training, and evaluations
The Attorney General may provide technical assistance and training in furtherance of the purposes of this part, and may provide for the evaluation of programs that receive funds under this part, in addition to any evaluation requirements that the Attorney General may prescribe for grantees. The technical assistance, training, and evaluations authorized by this section may be carried out directly by the Attorney General, or through contracts or other arrangements with other entities.
(Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40606, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1952.)
heading: Codification
text: Section was formerly classified to section 14035 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 12406 (CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT)
§ 12406. Training programs for judges
The State Justice Institute, after consultation with nationally recognized nonprofit organizations with expertise in stalking and domestic violence cases, shall conduct training programs for State (as defined in section 10701 1 of title 42) and Indian tribal judges to ensure that a judge issuing an order in a stalking or domestic violence case has all available criminal history and other information, whether from State or Federal sources.
(Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40607, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1952.)
heading: References in Text
text: Section 10701 of title 42, referred to in text, was in the original “section 202 of the State Justice Institute Authorization Act of 1984”, and was translated as reading “section 202 of the State Justice Institute Act of 1984”, which is section 202 of Pub. L. 98–620, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.
heading: Codification
text: Section was formerly classified to section 14036 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.
34 U.S.C. § 12407 (CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT)
§ 12407. Recommendations on intrastate communication
The State Justice Institute, after consultation with nationally recognized nonprofit associations with expertise in data sharing among criminal justice agencies and familiarity with the issues raised in stalking and domestic violence cases, shall recommend proposals regarding how State courts may increase intrastate communication between civil and criminal courts.
(Pub. L. 103–322, title IV, § 40608, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1952.)
heading: Codification
text: Section was formerly classified to section 14037 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to editorial reclassification and renumbering as this section.