dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
20 U.S.C. § 7842 (EDUCATION)
§ 7842. Optional consolidated State plans or applications
(a) General authority
(1) Simplification
In order to simplify application requirements and reduce the burden for State educational agencies under this chapter, the Secretary, in accordance with subsection (b), shall establish procedures and criteria under which, after consultation with the Governor, a State educational agency may submit a consolidated State plan or a consolidated State application meeting the requirements of this section for—
(A) each of the covered programs in which the State participates; and
(B) such other programs as the Secretary may designate.
(2) Consolidated applications and plans
After consultation with the Governor, a State educational agency that submits a consolidated State plan or a consolidated State application under this section shall not be required to submit separate State plans or applications under any of the programs to which the consolidated State plan or consolidated State application under this section applies.
(b) Collaboration
(1) In general
In establishing criteria and procedures under this section, the Secretary shall collaborate with State educational agencies and, as appropriate, with other State agencies, local educational agencies, public and private agencies, organizations, and institutions, private schools, and representatives of parents, students, and teachers.
(2) Contents
Through the collaborative process described in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall establish, for each program under this chapter to which this section applies, the descriptions, information, assurances, and other material required to be included in a consolidated State plan or consolidated State application.
(3) Necessary materials
The Secretary shall require only descriptions, information, assurances (including assurances of compliance with applicable provisions regarding participation by private school children and teachers), and other materials that are absolutely necessary for the consideration of the consolidated State plan or consolidated State application.
(Pub. L. 89–10, title VIII, § 8302, formerly title IX, § 9302, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title IX, § 901, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1968; renumbered title VIII, § 8302, and amended Pub. L. 114–95, title VIII, §§ 8001(a)(3), 8009, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2088, 2089, 2102.)
heading: Amendments
text: 2015—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 114–95, § 8009, struck out “nonprofit” after “public and private”.
heading: Effective Date of 2015 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 7882 (EDUCATION)
§ 7882. Standards for by-pass
(a) In general
If, by reason of any provision of law, a State educational agency, local educational agency, educational service agency, consortium of those agencies, or other entity is prohibited from providing for the participation in programs of children enrolled in, or teachers or other educational personnel from, private elementary schools and secondary schools, on an equitable basis, or if the Secretary determines that the agency, consortium, or entity has substantially failed or is unwilling to provide for that participation, as required by section 7881 of this title, the Secretary shall—
(1) waive the requirements of that section for the agency, consortium, or entity; and
(2) arrange for the provision of equitable services to those children, teachers, or other educational personnel through arrangements that shall be subject to the requirements of this section and of sections 7881, 7883, and 7884 of this title.
(b) Determination
In making the determination under subsection (a), the Secretary shall consider one or more factors, including the quality, size, scope, and location of the program, and the opportunity of private school children, teachers, and other educational personnel to participate in the program.
(Pub. L. 89–10, title VIII, § 8502, formerly title IX, § 9502, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title IX, § 901, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1977; renumbered title VIII, § 8502, and amended Pub. L. 114–95, title VIII, §§ 8001(a)(5), (b)(4), 8016, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2088, 2089, 2111.)
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 7882, Pub. L. 89–10, title IX, § 9162, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3794, authorized appropriations, prior to the general amendment of former subchapter IX of this chapter by Pub. L. 107–110.
heading: Amendments
text: 2015—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 114–95, § 8001(b)(4), made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in two places in text as reference to section 7881 of this title.
Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 114–95, § 8016, made technical amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as reference to sections 7883 and 7884 of this title.
heading: Effective Date of 2015 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 7904 (EDUCATION)
§ 7904. School prayer
(a) Guidance
The Secretary shall provide and revise guidance, not later than September 1, 2002, and of every second year thereafter, to State educational agencies, local educational agencies, and the public on constitutionally protected prayer in public elementary schools and secondary schools, including making the guidance available by electronic means, including by posting the guidance on the Department’s website in a clear and easily accessible manner. The guidance shall be reviewed, prior to distribution, by the Office of Legal Counsel of the Department of Justice for verification that the guidance represents the current state of the law concerning constitutionally protected prayer in public elementary schools and secondary schools.
(b) Certification
As a condition of receiving funds under this chapter, a local educational agency shall certify in writing to the State educational agency involved that no policy of the local educational agency prevents, or otherwise denies participation in, constitutionally protected prayer in public elementary schools and secondary schools, as detailed in the guidance required under subsection (a). The certification shall be provided by October 1 of each year. The State educational agency shall report to the Secretary by November 1 of each year a list of those local educational agencies that have not filed the certification or against which complaints have been made to the State educational agency that the local educational agencies are not in compliance with this section.
(c) Enforcement
The Secretary is authorized and directed to effectuate subsection (b) by issuing, and securing compliance with, rules or orders with respect to a local educational agency that fails to certify, or is found to have certified in bad faith, that no policy of the local educational agency prevents, or otherwise denies participation in, constitutionally protected prayer in public elementary schools and secondary schools.
(Pub. L. 89–10, title VIII, § 8524, formerly title IX, § 9524, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title IX, § 901, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1980; renumbered title VIII, § 8524, and amended Pub. L. 114–95, title VIII, §§ 8001(a)(6), 8021, Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2088, 2089, 2112.)
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 7904, Pub. L. 89–10, title IX, § 9204, as added Pub. L. 103–382, title I, § 101, Oct. 20, 1994, 108 Stat. 3798, established the Native Hawaiian Education Council and island councils, prior to the general amendment of former subchapter IX of this chapter by Pub. L. 107–110.
heading: Amendments
text: 2015—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 114–95, § 8021, substituted “by electronic means, including by posting the guidance on the Department’s website in a clear and easily accessible manner” for “on the Internet”.
heading: Effective Date of 2015 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title.
20 U.S.C. § 7947 (EDUCATION)
§ 7947. Allocation of responsibility for noneconomic loss
(a) General rule
In any civil action against a teacher, based on an act or omission of a teacher acting within the scope of the teacher’s employment or responsibilities to a school or governmental entity, the liability of the teacher for noneconomic loss shall be determined in accordance with subsection (b).
(b) Amount of liability
(1) In general
(A) Liability
Each defendant who is a teacher shall be liable only for the amount of noneconomic loss allocated to that defendant in direct proportion to the percentage of responsibility of that defendant (determined in accordance with paragraph (2)) for the harm to the claimant with respect to which that defendant is liable.
(B) Separate judgment
The court shall render a separate judgment against each defendant in an amount determined pursuant to subparagraph (A).
(2) Percentage of responsibility
For purposes of determining the amount of noneconomic loss allocated to a defendant who is a teacher under this section, the trier of fact shall determine the percentage of responsibility of each person responsible for the claimant’s harm, whether or not such person is a party to the action.
(c) Rule of construction
Nothing in this section shall be construed to preempt or supersede any Federal or State law that further limits the application of joint liability in a civil action described in subsection (a), beyond the limitations established in this section.
(Pub. L. 89–10, title VIII, § 8557, formerly title II, § 2367, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title II, § 201, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1670; renumbered title IX, § 9547, renumbered title VIII, § 8557, Pub. L. 114–95, title II, § 2001(a)(3)(A), (B), (D), title VIII, § 8001(a)(7), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 1913, 2088, 2089.)
heading: Codification
text: Section was classified to section 6737 of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 114–95.
22 U.S.C. § 7814 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7814. Actions to promote freedom of information
(a) Actions
The President is authorized to take such actions as may be necessary to increase the availability of information inside North Korea by increasing the availability of sources of information not controlled by the Government of North Korea, including sources such as radios capable of receiving broadcasting from outside North Korea.
(b) Authorization of appropriations
(1) In general
There are authorized to be appropriated to the President $2,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2005 through 2017 to carry out subsection (a).
(2) Availability
Amounts appropriated pursuant to the authorization of appropriations under paragraph (1) are authorized to remain available until expended.
(c) Report
Not later than 1 year after October 18, 2004, and annually through 2017, the Secretary of State, after consultation with the heads of other appropriate Federal departments and agencies, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report, in classified form, on actions taken pursuant to this section.
(d) Information technology study
Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of the North Korea Sanctions and Policy Enhancement Act of 2015,1 the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a classified report that sets forth a detailed plan for making unrestricted, unmonitored, and inexpensive electronic mass communications available to the people of North Korea.
(Pub. L. 108–333, title I, § 104, Oct. 18, 2004, 118 Stat. 1291; Pub. L. 110–346, § 7, Oct. 7, 2008, 122 Stat. 3941; Pub. L. 112–172, § 6, Aug. 16, 2012, 126 Stat. 1309; Pub. L. 114–122, title III, § 301, Feb. 18, 2016, 130 Stat. 112.)
heading: References in Text
text: The date of the enactment of the North Korea Sanctions and Policy Enhancement Act of 2015, referred to in subsec. (d), probably means the date of enactment of the North Korea Sanctions and Policy Enhancement Act of 2016, Pub. L. 114–122, which was approved Feb. 18, 2016.
heading: Amendments
text: 2016—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 114–122 added subsec. (d).
2012—Subsecs. (b)(1), (c). Pub. L. 112–172 substituted “2017” for “2012”.
2008—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 110–346, § 7(1), substituted “2012” for “2008”.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 110–346, § 7(2), substituted “annually through 2012” for “in each of the 3 years thereafter”.
heading: Delegation of Functions
text: Functions of President under section 301 of Pub. L. 114–122 (adding subsec. (d) of this section) delegated to Secretary of State by Memorandum of President of the United States, May 18, 2016, 81 F.R. 37479, set out as a note under section 9212 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 9213 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 9213. Reporting requirements
(a) Presidential briefings to Congress
Not later than 180 days after February 18, 2016, and periodically thereafter, the President shall provide a briefing to the appropriate congressional committees on efforts to implement this chapter.
(b) Report from Secretary of State
Not later than 180 days after February 18, 2016, the Secretary of State shall conduct, coordinate, and submit to Congress a comprehensive report on United States policy towards North Korea that—
(1) is based on a full and complete interagency review of current policies and possible alternatives, including with respect to North Korea’s weapons of mass destruction and missile programs, human rights atrocities, and significant activities undermining cybersecurity; and
(2) includes recommendations for such legislative or administrative action as the Secretary considers appropriate based on the results of the review.
(Pub. L. 114–122, title I, § 103, Feb. 18, 2016, 130 Stat. 98.)
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 114–122, Feb. 18, 2016, 130 Stat. 93, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 9201 of this title and Tables.
heading: Delegation of Functions
text: Functions and authorities of President under subsec. (a) of this section delegated to Secretary of State, in consultation with Secretary of the Treasury, by Memorandum of President of the United States, May 18, 2016, 81 F.R. 37479, set out as a note under section 9212 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 9225 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 9225. Enhanced inspection authorities
(a) Report required
Not later than 180 days after February 18, 2016, and annually thereafter, the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that identifies foreign ports and airports at which inspections of ships, aircraft, and conveyances originating in North Korea, carrying North Korean property, or operated by the Government of North Korea are not sufficient to effectively prevent the facilitation of any of the activities described in section 9214(a) of this title.
(b) Enhanced customs inspection requirements
The Secretary of Homeland Security may require enhanced inspections of any goods entering the United States that have been transported through a port or airport identified by the President under subsection (a).
(c) Seizure and forfeiture
A vessel, aircraft, or conveyance used to facilitate any of the activities described in section 9214(a) of this title under the jurisdiction of the United States may be seized and forfeited under—
(1) chapter 46 of title 18; or
(2) title V 1 of the Tariff Act of 1930 (19 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.).
(Pub. L. 114–122, title II, § 205, Feb. 18, 2016, 130 Stat. 108.)
heading: References in Text
text: The Tariff Act of 1930, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), is act June 17, 1930, ch. 497, 46 Stat. 590, which is classified generally to chapter 4 (§ 1202 et seq.) of Title 19, Customs Duties. The Act does not contain a title V. Section 1501 et seq. of Title 19 is contained in title IV of the Act. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 1654 of Title 19 and Tables.
heading: Delegation of Functions
text: Functions and authorities of President under subsec. (a) of this section delegated to Director of National Intelligence, in consultation with Secretary of State, by Memorandum of President of the United States, May 18, 2016, 81 F.R. 37479, set out as a note under section 9212 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 9229 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 9229. Report on and imposition of sanctions to address persons responsible for knowingly engaging in significant activities undermining cybersecurity
(a) Report required
(1) In general
The President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that describes significant activities undermining cybersecurity aimed against the United States Government or any United States person and conducted by the Government of North Korea, or a person owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by the Government of North Korea or any person acting for or on behalf of that Government.
(2) Information
The report required under paragraph (1) shall include—
(A) the identity and nationality of persons that have knowingly engaged in, directed, or provided material support to conduct significant activities undermining cybersecurity described in paragraph (1);
(B) a description of the conduct engaged in by each person identified;
(C) an assessment of the extent to which a foreign government has provided material support to the Government of North Korea or any person acting for or on behalf of that Government to conduct significant activities undermining cybersecurity; and
(D) a United States strategy to counter North Korea’s efforts to conduct significant activities undermining cybersecurity against the United States, that includes efforts to engage foreign governments to halt the capability of the Government of North Korea and persons acting for or on behalf of that Government to conduct significant activities undermining cybersecurity.
(3) Submission and form
(A) Submission
The report required under paragraph (1) shall be submitted not later than 90 days after February 18, 2016, and every 180 days thereafter.
(B) Form
The report required under paragraph (1) shall be submitted in an unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.
(b) Designation of persons
The President shall designate under section 9214(a) of this title any person identified in the report required under subsection (a)(1) that knowingly engages in significant activities undermining cybersecurity through the use of computer networks or systems against foreign persons, governments, or other entities on behalf of the Government of North Korea.
(Pub. L. 114–122, title II, § 209, Feb. 18, 2016, 130 Stat. 110.)
heading: Delegation of Functions
text: For delegation of certain functions of President under this section, see Memorandum of President of the United States, May 18, 2016, 81 F.R. 37479, set out as a note under section 9212 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 9243 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 9243. Report on and imposition of sanctions with respect to serious human rights abuses or censorship in North Korea
(a) Report required
(1) In general
The Secretary of State shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that—
(A) identifies each person the Secretary determines to be responsible for serious human rights abuses or censorship in North Korea and describes the conduct of that person; and
(B) describes serious human rights abuses or censorship undertaken by the Government of North Korea or any person acting for or on behalf of that Government in the most recent year ending before the submission of the report.
(2) Consideration
In preparing the report required under paragraph (1), the Secretary of State shall—
(A) give due consideration to the findings of the United Nations Commission of Inquiry on Human Rights in North Korea; and
(B) make specific findings with respect to the responsibility of Kim Jong Un, and of each individual who is a member of the National Defense Commission of North Korea or the Organization and Guidance Department of the Workers’ Party of Korea, for serious human rights abuses and censorship.
(3) Submission and form
(A) Submission
The report required under paragraph (1) shall be submitted not later than 120 days after February 18, 2016, and every 180 days thereafter for a period not to exceed 3 years, and shall be included in each human rights report required under sections 2151n(d) and 2304(b) of this title.
(B) Form
The report required under paragraph (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.
(C) Public availability
The Secretary of State shall publish the unclassified part of the report required under paragraph (1) on the website of the Department of State.
(b) Designation of persons
The President shall designate under section 9214(a) of this title any person listed in the report required under subsection (a)(1) that—
(1) knowingly engages in, is responsible for, or facilitates censorship by the Government of North Korea; or
(2) knowingly engages in, is responsible for, or facilitates serious human rights abuses by the Government of North Korea.
(c) Sense of Congress
It is the sense of Congress that the President should—
(1) seek the prompt adoption by the United Nations Security Council of a resolution calling for the blocking of the assets of all persons responsible for severe human rights abuses or censorship in North Korea; and
(2) fully cooperate with the prosecution of any individual listed in the report required under subsection (a)(1) before any international tribunal that may be established to prosecute persons responsible for severe human rights abuses or censorship in North Korea.
(Pub. L. 114–122, title III, § 304, Feb. 18, 2016, 130 Stat. 113.)
heading: Delegation of Functions
text: Functions and authorities of President under subsec. (b) of this section delegated to Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with Secretary of State, by Memorandum of President of the United States, May 18, 2016, 81 F.R. 37479, set out as a note under section 9212 of this title.