dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
42 U.S.C. § 285e–10a (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 285e–10a. Alzheimer’s clinical research and training awards
(a) In general
The Director of the Institute is authorized to establish and maintain a program to enhance and promote the translation of new scientific knowledge into clinical practice related to the diagnosis, care and treatment of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease.
(b) Support of promising clinicians
In order to foster the application of the most current developments in the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, amounts made available under this section shall be directed to the support of promising clinicians through awards for research, study, and practice at centers of excellence in Alzheimer’s disease research and treatment.
(c) Excellence in certain fields
Research shall be carried out under awards made under subsection (b) in environments of demonstrated excellence in neuroscience, neurobiology, geriatric medicine, and psychiatry and shall foster innovation and integration of such disciplines or other environments determined suitable by the Director of the Institute.
(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IV, § 445I, as added Pub. L. 106–505, title VIII, § 801(2), Nov. 13, 2000, 114 Stat. 2349; amended Pub. L. 109–482, title I, § 103(b)(25), Jan. 15, 2007, 120 Stat. 3688.)
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 445I of act July 1, 1944, was renumbered section 445J and was classified to section 285e–11 of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 109–482.
heading: Amendments
text: 2007—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 109–482 struck out heading and text of subsec. (d). Text read as follows: “For the purpose of carrying out this section, there are authorized to be appropriated $2,250,000 for fiscal year 2001, and such sums as may be necessary for each of fiscal years 2002 through 2005.”
heading: Effective Date of 2007 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 109–482 applicable only with respect to amounts appropriated for fiscal year 2007 or subsequent fiscal years, see section 109 of Pub. L. 109–482, set out as a note under section 281 of this title.
42 U.S.C. § 285f–3 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 285f–3. Sexually transmitted disease clinical research and training awards
(a) In general
The Director of the Institute is authorized to establish and maintain a program to enhance and promote the translation of new scientific knowledge into clinical practice related to the diagnosis, care and treatment of individuals with sexually transmitted diseases.
(b) Support of promising clinicians
In order to foster the application of the most current developments in the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, amounts made available under this section shall be directed to the support of promising clinicians through awards for research, study, and practice at centers of excellence in sexually transmitted disease research and treatment.
(c) Excellence in certain fields
Research shall be carried out under awards made under subsection (b) in environments of demonstrated excellence in the etiology and pathogenesis of sexually transmitted diseases and shall foster innovation and integration of such disciplines or other environments determined suitable by the Director of the Institute.
(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IV, § 447B, as added Pub. L. 106–505, title IX, § 901, Nov. 13, 2000, 114 Stat. 2349; amended Pub. L. 109–482, title I, § 103(b)(28), Jan. 15, 2007, 120 Stat. 3688.)
heading: Amendments
text: 2007—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 109–482 struck out heading and text of subsec. (d). Text read as follows: “For the purpose of carrying out this section, there are authorized to be appropriated $2,250,000 for fiscal year 2001, and such sums as may be necessary for each of fiscal years 2002 through 2005.”
heading: Effective Date of 2007 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 109–482 applicable only with respect to amounts appropriated for fiscal year 2007 or subsequent fiscal years, see section 109 of Pub. L. 109–482, set out as a note under section 281 of this title.
42 U.S.C. § 285g–8 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 285g–8. Prospective longitudinal study on adolescent health
(a) In general
Not later than October 1, 1993, the Director of the Institute shall commence a study for the purpose of providing information on the general health and well-being of adolescents in the United States, including, with respect to such adolescents, information on—
(1) the behaviors that promote health and the behaviors that are detrimental to health; and
(2) the influence on health of factors particular to the communities in which the adolescents reside.
(b) Design of study
(1) In general
The study required in subsection (a) shall be a longitudinal study in which a substantial number of adolescents participate as subjects. With respect to the purpose described in such subsection, the study shall monitor the subjects throughout the period of the study to determine the health status of the subjects and any change in such status over time.
(2) Population-specific analyses
The study required in subsection (a) shall be conducted with respect to the population of adolescents who are female, the population of adolescents who are male, various socioeconomic populations of adolescents, and various racial and ethnic populations of adolescents. The study shall be designed and conducted in a manner sufficient to provide for a valid analysis of whether there are significant differences among such populations in health status and whether and to what extent any such differences are due to factors particular to the populations involved.
(c) Coordination with Women’s Health Initiative
With respect to the national study of women being conducted by the Secretary and known as the Women’s Health Initiative, the Secretary shall ensure that such study is coordinated with the component of the study required in subsection (a) that concerns adolescent females, including coordination in the design of the 2 studies.
(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IV, § 452D, as added Pub. L. 103–43, title X, § 1031, June 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 167.)
42 U.S.C. § 285i–1 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 285i–1. Clinical research on eye care and diabetes
(a) Program of grants
The Director of the Institute, in consultation with the advisory council for the Institute, may award research grants to one or more Diabetes Eye Research Institutions for the support of programs in clinical or health services aimed at—
(1) providing comprehensive eye care services for people with diabetes, including a full complement of preventive, diagnostic and treatment procedures;
(2) developing new and improved techniques of patient care through basic and clinical research;
(3) assisting in translation of the latest research advances into clinical practice; and
(4) expanding the knowledge of the eye and diabetes through further research.
(b) Use of funds
Amounts received under a grant awarded under this section shall be used for the following:
(1) Establishing the biochemical, cellular, and genetic mechanisms associated with diabetic eye disease and the earlier detection of pending eye abnormalities. The focus of work under this paragraph shall require that ophthalmologists have training in the most up-to-date molecular and cell biological methods.
(2) Establishing new frontiers in technology, such as video-based diagnostic and research resources, to—
(A) provide improved patient care;
(B) provide for the evaluation of retinal physiology and its affect on diabetes; and
(C) provide for the assessment of risks for the development and progression of diabetic eye disease and a more immediate evaluation of various therapies aimed at preventing diabetic eye disease.
Such technologies shall be designed to permit evaluations to be performed both in humans and in animal models.
(3) The translation of the results of vision research into the improved care of patients with diabetic eye disease. Such translation shall require the application of institutional resources that encompass patient care, clinical research and basic laboratory research.
(4) The conduct of research concerning the outcomes of eye care treatments and eye health education programs as they relate to patients with diabetic eye disease, including the evaluation of regional approaches to such research.
(c) Authorized expenditures
The purposes for which a grant under subsection (a) may be expended include equipment for the research described in such subsection.
(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IV, § 456, as added Pub. L. 103–43, title XI, § 1101(a), June 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 168.)
42 U.S.C. § 285l–1 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 285l–1. Applied Toxicological Research and Testing Program
(a) There is established within the Institute a program for conducting applied research and testing regarding toxicology, which program shall be known as the Applied Toxicological Research and Testing Program.
(b) In carrying out the program established under subsection (a), the Director of the Institute shall, with respect to toxicology, carry out activities—
(1) to expand knowledge of the health effects of environmental agents;
(2) to broaden the spectrum of toxicology information that is obtained on selected chemicals;
(3) to develop and validate assays and protocols, including alternative methods that can reduce or eliminate the use of animals in acute or chronic safety testing;
(4) to establish criteria for the validation and regulatory acceptance of alternative testing and to recommend a process through which scientifically validated alternative methods can be accepted for regulatory use;
(5) to communicate the results of research to government agencies, to medical, scientific, and regulatory communities, and to the public; and
(6) to integrate related activities of the Department of Health and Human Services.
(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IV, § 463A, as added Pub. L. 103–43, title XIII, § 1301(a), June 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 169.)
42 U.S.C. § 285l–4 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 285l–4. Federal agency action
(a) Identification of tests
With respect to each Federal agency carrying out a program that requires or recommends acute or chronic toxicological testing, such agency shall, not later than 180 days after receiving an ICCVAM test recommendation, identify and forward to the ICCVAM any relevant test method specified in a regulation or industry-wide guideline which specifically, or in practice requires, recommends, or encourages the use of an animal acute or chronic toxicological test method for which the ICCVAM test recommendation may be added or substituted.
(b) Alternatives
Each Federal agency carrying out a program described in subsection (a) shall promote and encourage the development and use of alternatives to animal test methods (including batteries of tests and test screens), where appropriate, for the purpose of complying with Federal statutes, regulations, guidelines, or recommendations (in each instance, and for each chemical class) if such test methods are found to be effective for generating data, in an amount and of a scientific value that is at least equivalent to the data generated from existing tests, for hazard identification, dose-response assessment, or risk assessment purposes.
(c) Test method validation
Each Federal agency carrying out a program described in subsection (a) shall ensure that any new or revised acute or chronic toxicity test method, including animal test methods and alternatives, is determined to be valid for its proposed use prior to requiring, recommending, or encouraging the application of such test method.
(d) Review
Not later than 180 days after receipt of an ICCVAM test recommendation, a Federal agency carrying out a program described in subsection (a) shall review such recommendation and notify the ICCVAM in writing of its findings.
(e) Recommendation adoption
Each Federal agency carrying out a program described in subsection (a), or its specific regulatory unit or units, shall adopt the ICCVAM test recommendation unless such Federal agency determines that—
(1) the ICCVAM test recommendation is not adequate in terms of biological relevance for the regulatory goal authorized by that agency, or mandated by Congress;
(2) the ICCVAM test recommendation does not generate data, in an amount and of a scientific value that is at least equivalent to the data generated prior to such recommendation, for the appropriate hazard identification, dose-response assessment, or risk assessment purposes as the current test method recommended or required by that agency;
(3) the agency does not employ, recommend, or require testing for that class of chemical or for the recommended test endpoint; or
(4) the ICCVAM test recommendation is unacceptable for satisfactorily fulfilling the test needs for that particular agency and its respective congressional mandate.
(Pub. L. 106–545, § 4, Dec. 19, 2000, 114 Stat. 2723.)
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the ICCVAM Authorization Act of 2000, and not as part of the Public Health Service Act which comprises this chapter.
42 U.S.C. § 285p–2 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 285p–2. Office of Rural Mental Health Research
(a) In general
There is established within the Institute an office to be known as the Office of Rural Mental Health Research (hereafter in this section referred to as the “Office”). The Office shall be headed by a director, who shall be appointed by the Director of such Institute from among individuals experienced or knowledgeable in the provision of mental health services in rural areas. The Secretary shall carry out the authorities established in this section acting through the Director of the Office.
(b) Coordination of activities
The Director of the Office, in consultation with the Director of the Institute and with the Director of the Office of Rural Health Policy, shall—
(1) coordinate the research activities of the Department of Health and Human Services as such activities relate to the mental health of residents of rural areas; and
(2) coordinate the activities of the Office with similar activities of public and nonprofit private entities.
(c) Research, demonstrations, evaluations, and dissemination
The Director of the Office may, with respect to the mental health of adults and children residing in rural areas—
(1) conduct research on conditions that are unique to the residents of rural areas, or more serious or prevalent in such residents;
(2) conduct research on improving the delivery of services in such areas; and
(3) disseminate information to appropriate public and nonprofit private entities.
(d) Authority regarding grants and contracts
The Director of the Office may carry out the authorities established in subsection (c) directly and through grants, cooperative agreements, or contracts with public or nonprofit private entities.
(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IV, § 464T, as added Pub. L. 102–321, title I, § 124(b), July 10, 1992, 106 Stat. 365; amended Pub. L. 109–482, title I, § 104(b)(1)(L), Jan. 15, 2007, 120 Stat. 3693.)
heading: Amendments
text: 2007—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 109–482 struck out heading and text of subsec. (e). Text read as follows: “Not later than February 1, 1993, and each fiscal year thereafter, the Director shall submit to the Subcommittee on Health and the Environment of the Committee on Energy and Commerce (of the House of Representatives), and to the Committee on Labor and Human Resources (of the Senate), a report describing the activities of the Office during the preceding fiscal year, including a summary of the activities of demonstration projects and a summary of evaluations of the projects.”
heading: Effective Date of 2007 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 109–482 applicable only with respect to amounts appropriated for fiscal year 2007 or subsequent fiscal years, see section 109 of Pub. L. 109–482, set out as a note under section 281 of this title.
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective Oct. 1, 1992, with provision for programs providing financial assistance, see section 801(c), (d) of Pub. L. 102–321, set out as an Effective Date of 1992 Amendment note under section 236 of this title.
42 U.S.C. § 285t–2 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 285t–2. Loan repayment program for minority health disparities research
(a) In general
The Director of the Institute shall establish a program of entering into contracts with qualified health professionals under which such health professionals agree to engage in minority health disparities research or other health disparities research in consideration of the Federal Government agreeing to repay, for each year of engaging in such research, not more than $35,000 of the principal and interest of the educational loans of such health professionals.
(b) Service provisions
The provisions of sections 254l–1, 254m, and 254o of this title shall, except as inconsistent with subsection (a), apply to the program established in such subsection to the same extent and in the same manner as such provisions apply to the National Health Service Corps Loan Repayment Program established in subpart III of part D of subchapter II.
(c) Requirement regarding health disparity populations
The Director of the Institute shall ensure that not fewer than 50 percent of the contracts entered into under subsection (a) are for appropriately qualified health professionals who are members of a health disparity population.
(d) Priority
With respect to minority health disparities research and other health disparities research under subsection (a), the Secretary shall ensure that priority is given to conducting projects of biomedical research.
(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IV, § 464z–5, formerly § 485G, as added Pub. L. 106–525, title I, § 103, Nov. 22, 2000, 114 Stat. 2503; amended Pub. L. 109–482, title I, § 103(b)(46), Jan. 15, 2007, 120 Stat. 3688; renumbered § 464z–5 and amended Pub. L. 111–148, title X, § 10334(c)(1)(D)(i), (iii), Mar. 23, 2010, 124 Stat. 973.)
heading: Codification
text: Section was formerly classified to section 287c–33 of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 111–148.
heading: Amendments
text: 2010—Subsecs. (a), (c). Pub. L. 111–148, § 10334(c)(1)(D)(iii), substituted “Institute” for “Center”.
2007—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 109–482 struck out subsec. (e) which related to authorization and availability of appropriations.
heading: Effective Date of 2007 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 109–482 applicable only with respect to amounts appropriated for fiscal year 2007 or subsequent fiscal years, see section 109 of Pub. L. 109–482, set out as a note under section 281 of this title.
42 U.S.C. § 286b–7 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 286b–7. Financial support of biomedical scientific publications
(a) The Secretary, with the advice of the Board, shall make grants to, and enter into appropriate contracts with, public or private nonprofit institutions of higher education and individual scientists for the purpose of supporting biomedical scientific publications of a nonprofit nature and to procure the compilation, writing, editing, and publication of reviews, abstracts, indices, handbooks, bibliographies, and related matter pertaining to scientific works and scientific developments.
(b) Grants under subsection (a) in support of any single periodical publication may not be made for more than three years, except in those cases in which the Secretary determines that further support is necessary to carry out the purposes of subsection (a).
(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IV, § 476, as added Pub. L. 99–158, § 2, Nov. 20, 1985, 99 Stat. 863.)
42 U.S.C. § 286d (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 286d. National Information Center
(a) Establishment
There is established within the Library an entity to be known as the National Information Center on Health Services Research and Health Care Technology (in this section referred to as the “Center”).
(b) Purpose
The purpose of the Center is the collection, storage, analysis, retrieval, and dissemination of information on health services research, clinical practice guidelines, and on health care technology, including the assessment of such technology. Such purpose includes developing and maintaining data bases and developing and implementing methods of carrying out such purpose.
(c) Electronic, convenient format; criteria for inclusion
The Director of the Center shall ensure that information under subsection (b) concerning clinical practice guidelines is collected and maintained electronically and in a convenient format. Such Director shall develop and publish criteria for the inclusion of practice guidelines and technology assessments in the information center database.
(d) Coordination with Director of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
The Secretary, acting through the Center, shall coordinate the activities carried out under this section through the Center with related activities of the Director of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.
(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IV, § 478A, as added Pub. L. 103–43, title XIV, § 1421, June 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 171; amended Pub. L. 106–129, § 2(b)(2), Dec. 6, 1999, 113 Stat. 1670.)
heading: Amendments
text: 1999—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 106–129 substituted “Director of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality” for “Administrator for Health Care Policy and Research”.
heading: Construction
text: Pub. L. 103–43, § 1422(b), June 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 172, provided that: “The amendments made by section 3 of Public Law 102–410 (106 Stat. 2094) [amending section 299a–1 of this title], by section 1421 of this Act [enacting this section], and by subsection (a) of this section [amending section 299a–1 of this title] may not be construed as terminating the information center on health care technologies and health care technology assessment established under section 904 of the Public Health Service Act [42 U.S.C. 299a–2], as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of Public Law 102–410 [Oct. 13, 1992]. Such center shall be considered to be the center established in section 478A of the Public Health Service Act [42 U.S.C. 286d], as added by section 1421 of this Act, and shall be subject to the provisions of such section 478A.”
42 U.S.C. § 287a–4 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 287a–4. General clinical research centers
(a) Grants
The Director of the Center shall award grants for the establishment of general clinical research centers to provide the infrastructure for clinical research including clinical research training and career enhancement. Such centers shall support clinical studies and career development in all settings of the hospital or academic medical center involved.
(b) Activities
In carrying out subsection (a), the Director of National Institutes of Health shall expand the activities of the general clinical research centers through the increased use of telecommunications and telemedicine initiatives.
(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IV, § 481B, formerly § 481C, as added Pub. L. 106–505, title II, § 204(a), Nov. 13, 2000, 114 Stat. 2327; amended Pub. L. 109–482, title I, § 103(b)(42), Jan. 15, 2007, 120 Stat. 3688; renumbered § 481D, Pub. L. 110–170, § 2(b), Dec. 26, 2007, 121 Stat. 2466; renumbered § 481B and amended Pub. L. 112–74, div. F, title II, § 221(c)(4), Dec. 23, 2011, 125 Stat. 1089.)
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 481B of act July 1, 1944, was renumbered section 404J, and is classified to section 283l of this title.
heading: Amendments
text: 2011—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 112–74, § 221(c)(4)(B), substituted “Director of the Center” for “Director of the National Center for Research Resources”.
2007—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 109–482 struck out heading and text of subsec. (c). Text read as follows: “For the purpose of carrying out this section, there are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary for each fiscal year.”
heading: Effective Date of 2007 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 109–482 applicable only with respect to amounts appropriated for fiscal year 2007 or subsequent fiscal years, see section 109 of Pub. L. 109–482, set out as a note under section 281 of this title.