dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
22 U.S.C. § 2296 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2296. United States assistance to promote reconciliation and recovery from regional conflicts
(a) Purpose of assistance
The purposes of assistance under this section include—
(1) the creation of the basis for reconciliation between belligerents;
(2) the promotion of economic development in areas of the countries of the South Caucasus and Central Asia impacted by civil conflict and war; and
(3) the encouragement of broad regional cooperation among countries of the South Caucasus and Central Asia that have been destabilized by internal conflicts.
(b) Authorization for assistance
(1) In general
To carry out the purposes of subsection (a), the President is authorized to provide humanitarian assistance and economic reconstruction assistance for the countries of the South Caucasus and Central Asia to support the activities described in subsection (c).
(2) Definition of humanitarian assistance
In this subsection, the term “humanitarian assistance” means assistance to meet humanitarian needs, including needs for food, medicine, medical supplies and equipment, education, and clothing.
(c) Activities supported
Activities that may be supported by assistance under subsection (b) include—
(1) providing for the humanitarian needs of victims of the conflicts;
(2) facilitating the return of refugees and internally displaced persons to their homes; and
(3) assisting in the reconstruction of residential and economic infrastructure destroyed by war.
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, § 499, as added Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, § 1000(a)(2) [title V, § 596(b)], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1535, 1501A–123.)
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 2296, Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, § 499, as added Pub. L. 102–391, title V, § 594(a), Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1692, authorized reduction of certain debts owed to the United States, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 102–549, title VI, § 602(b), Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3669.
heading: Delegation of Functions
text: For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2296a (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2296a. Economic assistance
(a) Purpose of assistance
The purpose of assistance under this section is to foster economic growth and development, including the conditions necessary for regional economic cooperation, in the South Caucasus and Central Asia.
(b) Authorization for assistance
To carry out the purpose of subsection (a), the President is authorized to provide assistance for the countries of the South Caucasus and Central Asia to support the activities described in subsection (c).
(c) Activities supported
In addition to the activities described in section 2295 of this title, activities supported by assistance under subsection (b) should support the development of the structures and means necessary for the growth of private sector economies based upon market principles.
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, § 499A, as added Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, § 1000(a)(2) [title V, § 596(b)], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1535, 1501A–124.)
heading: Delegation of Functions
text: For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2296b (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2296b. Development of infrastructure
(a) Purpose of programs
The purposes of programs under this section include—
(1) to develop the physical infrastructure necessary for regional cooperation among the countries of the South Caucasus and Central Asia; and
(2) to encourage closer economic relations and to facilitate the removal of impediments to cross-border commerce among those countries and the United States and other developed nations.
(b) Authorization for programs
To carry out the purposes of subsection (a), the following types of programs for the countries of the South Caucasus and Central Asia may be used to support the activities described in subsection (c):
(1) Activities by the Export-Import Bank to complete the review process for eligibility for financing under the Export-Import Bank Act of 1945 [12 U.S.C. 635 et seq.].
(2) The provision of insurance, reinsurance, financing, or other assistance by the Overseas Private Investment Corporation.
(3) Assistance under section 2421 of this title (relating to the Trade and Development Agency).
(c) Activities supported
Activities that may be supported by programs under subsection (b) include promoting actively the participation of United States companies and investors in the planning, financing, and construction of infrastructure for communications, transportation, including air transportation, and energy and trade including highways, railroads, port facilities, shipping, banking, insurance, telecommunications networks, and gas and oil pipelines.
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, § 499B, as added Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, § 1000(a)(2) [title V, § 596(b)], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1535, 1501A–124.)
heading: References in Text
text: The Export-Import Bank Act of 1945, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is act July 31, 1945, ch. 341, 59 Stat. 526, as amended, which is classified generally to subchapter I (§ 635 et seq.) of chapter 6A of Title 12, Banks and Banking. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 635 of Title 12 and Tables.
22 U.S.C. § 2296c (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2296c. Border control assistance
(a) Purpose of assistance
The purpose of assistance under this section includes the assistance of the countries of the South Caucasus and Central Asia to secure their borders and implement effective controls necessary to prevent the trafficking of illegal narcotics and the proliferation of technology and materials related to weapons of mass destruction (as defined in section 2332a(c)(2) of title 18), and to contain and inhibit transnational organized criminal activities.
(b) Authorization for assistance
To carry out the purpose of subsection (a), the President is authorized to provide assistance to the countries of the South Caucasus and Central Asia to support the activities described in subsection (c).
(c) Activities supported
Activities that may be supported by assistance under subsection (b) include assisting those countries of the South Caucasus and Central Asia in developing capabilities to maintain national border guards, coast guard, and customs controls.
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, § 499C, as added Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, § 1000(a)(2) [title V, § 596(b)], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1535, 1501A–124.)
heading: Delegation of Functions
text: For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2296d (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2296d. Strengthening democracy, tolerance, and the development of civil society
(a) Purpose of assistance
The purpose of assistance under this section is to promote institutions of democratic government and to create the conditions for the growth of pluralistic societies, including religious tolerance and respect for internationally recognized human rights.
(b) Authorization for assistance
To carry out the purpose of subsection (a), the President is authorized to provide the following types of assistance to the countries of the South Caucasus and Central Asia:
(1) Assistance for democracy building, including programs to strengthen parliamentary institutions and practices.
(2) Assistance for the development of nongovernmental organizations.
(3) Assistance for development of independent media.
(4) Assistance for the development of the rule of law, a strong independent judiciary, and transparency in political practice and commercial transactions.
(5) International exchanges and advanced professional training programs in skill areas central to the development of civil society.
(6) Assistance to promote increased adherence to civil and political rights under section 2151n(e) of this title.
(c) Activities supported
Activities that may be supported by assistance under subsection (b) include activities that are designed to advance progress toward the development of democracy.
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, § 499D, as added Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, § 1000(a)(2) [title V, § 596(b)], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1535, 1501A–125.)
heading: Delegation of Functions
text: For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2347e (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2347e. Prohibition on grant assistance for certain high income foreign countries
(a) In general
None of the funds made available for a fiscal year for assistance under this part may be made available for assistance on a grant basis for any of the high-income foreign countries described in subsection (b) for military education and training of military and related civilian personnel of such country.
(b) High-income foreign countries described
The high-income foreign countries described in this subsection are Austria, Finland, the Republic of Korea, Singapore, and Spain.
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. II, § 546, as added Pub. L. 104–164, title I, § 112(c)(1), July 21, 1996, 110 Stat. 1427.)
22 U.S.C. § 2347h (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2347h. Human rights report
(a) In general
Not later than March 1 of each year, the Secretary of State shall submit to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report describing, to the extent practicable, any involvement of a foreign military or defense ministry civilian participant in education and training activities under this part in a violation of internationally recognized human rights reported under section 2151n(d) of this title subsequent to such participation.
(b) Form
The report described in subsection (a) shall be in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. II, § 549, as added Pub. L. 107–228, div. B, title XII, § 1212(a), Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1428.)
22 U.S.C. § 2349bb–2 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2349bb–2. Transit interdiction
(a) Allocation of funds
In providing assistance under this part, the President shall ensure that, beginning in fiscal year 2007, not less than one-quarter of the total of such assistance is obligated for the purpose of enhancing the capabilities of friendly countries to detect and interdict proliferation-related shipments of cargo to non-State actors and States of proliferation concern.
(b) Priority to certain countries
Priority shall be given in the apportionment of the assistance described under subsection (a) to any friendly country that has been determined by the Secretary of State to be a country frequently transited by proliferation-related shipments of cargo.
(c) Cooperative agreements
In order to promote cooperation regarding the interdiction of weapons of mass destruction and related materials and delivery systems, the President is authorized to conclude agreements, including reciprocal maritime agreements, with other countries to facilitate effective measures to prevent the transportation of such items to non-state actors and states of proliferation concern.
(d) Determination and notice to Congress
The Secretary of State shall notify the Committee on International Relations of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate in writing not more than 30 days after making a determination that any friendly country has been determined to be a country eligible for priority consideration of any assistance under subsection (a). Such determination shall set forth the reasons for such determination, and may be submitted in classified and unclassified form, as necessary.
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. II, § 583, as added Pub. L. 106–280, title III, § 301, Oct. 6, 2000, 114 Stat. 852; amended Pub. L. 109–472, § 10(c), Jan. 11, 2007, 120 Stat. 3557.)
heading: Amendments
text: 2007—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–472, § 10(c)(1), substituted “shall ensure that, beginning in fiscal year 2007,” for “should ensure that”, “obligated” for “expended”, and “to non-State actors and States of proliferation concern” for “that originate from, and are destined for, other countries”.
Subsecs. (c), (d). Pub. L. 109–472, § 10(c)(2), added subsecs. (c) and (d).
heading: Change of Name
text: Committee on International Relations of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Foreign Affairs of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Tenth Congress, Jan. 5, 2007.
heading: Delegation of Functions
text: For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2349bb–4 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2349bb–4. Authorization of appropriations
(a) Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to the President to carry out this part $162,000,000 for fiscal year 2003.
(b) Availability of funds
Funds made available under subsection (a) may be used notwithstanding any other provision of law (other than section 2304 or 2371 of this title) and shall remain available until expended.
(c) Treatment of appropriations
Amounts made available by the Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2002, under “Nonproliferation, Antiterrorism, Demining, and Related Programs” and “Assistance for the Independent States of the Former Soviet Union” accounts for the activities described in subsection (d) shall be considered to be made available pursuant to this part.
(d) Covered activities
The activities referred to in subsection (c) are—
(1) assistance under the Nonproliferation and Disarmament Fund;
(2) assistance for science and technology centers in the independent states of the former Soviet Union;
(3) export control assistance; and
(4) export control and border assistance under part XI of subchapter I of this chapter or the FREEDOM Support Act (22 U.S.C. 5801 et seq.).
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. II, § 586, formerly § 585, as added Pub. L. 106–280, title III, § 301, Oct. 6, 2000, 114 Stat. 852; renumbered § 586 and amended Pub. L. 107–228, div. B, title XIII, §§ 1301(a), 1303(1), Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1435, 1436.)
heading: References in Text
text: The Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2002, referred to in subsec. (c), is Pub. L. 107–115, Jan. 10, 2002, 115 Stat. 2118, also known as the Kenneth M. Ludden Foreign Operations, Export Financing, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, Fiscal Year 2002. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
The FREEDOM Support Act, referred to in subsec. (d)(4), is Pub. L. 102–511, Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3320, as amended, also known as the Freedom for Russia and Emerging Eurasian Democracies and Open Markets Support Act of 1992. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 5801 of this title and Tables.
heading: Amendments
text: 2002—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107–228, § 1301(a)(1), substituted “$162,000,000 for fiscal year 2003” for “$129,000,000 for fiscal year 2001 and $142,000,000 for fiscal year 2002”.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 107–228, § 1301(a)(2), struck out “fiscal year 2001” before “appropriations” in heading and substituted “2002” for “2001” in text.
heading: Delegation of Functions
text: For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2370b (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2370b. Humanitarian assistance code of conduct
(a) In general
None of the funds made available for foreign operations, export financing, and related programs under the headings “Migration and Refugee Assistance”, “United States Emergency Refugee and Migration Assistance Fund”, “International Disaster and Famine Assistance”, or “Transition Initiatives” may be obligated to an organization that fails to adopt a code of conduct that provides for the protection of beneficiaries of assistance under any such heading from sexual exploitation and abuse in humanitarian relief operations.
(b) Consistency with United Nations principles
The code of conduct referred to in subsection (a) shall, to the maximum extent practicable, be consistent with the six core principles of the United Nations Inter-Agency Standing Committee Task Force on Protection From Sexual Exploitation and Abuse in Humanitarian Crises.
(c) Reports
Not later than 180 days after May 11, 2005, and not later than one year after May 11, 2005, the President shall transmit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the implementation of this section.
(d) Effective Date
This section shall take effect 60 days after May 11, 2005, and shall apply to funds obligated after such date for fiscal year 2005 and any subsequent fiscal year.
(Pub. L. 109–13, div. A, title II, § 2110, May 11, 2005, 119 Stat. 268.)
heading: Codification
text: Section was enacted as part of the Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act for Defense, the Global War on Terror, and Tsunami Relief, 2005, and not as part of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 which comprises this chapter.
heading: Assignment of Functions Relating to the Report to the Congress on Implementation of Humanitarian Assistance Code of Conduct
text: Memorandum of President of the United States, May 12, 2006, 71 F.R. 30549, provided:
Memorandum for the Secretary of State
Pursuant to the authority vested in me by the Constitution and laws of the United States, including section 301 of title 3, United States Code, the functions of the President under section 2110(c) of the Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act for Defense, the Global War on Terror, and Tsunami Relief, 2005 (title II of Public Law 109–13) (22 U.S.C. 2370b), are assigned to the Secretary of State.
You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.
George W. Bush.
22 U.S.C. § 2378 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2378. Prohibition on assistance to countries that provide military equipment to terrorist states
(a) Prohibition
(1) In general
The President shall withhold assistance under this chapter to the government of any country that provides lethal military equipment to a country the government of which the Secretary of State has determined is a terrorist government for the purposes of section 2405(j) of title 50, Appendix, or 2371 of this title.
(2) Applicability
The prohibition under this section with respect to a foreign government shall terminate 1 year after that government ceases to provide lethal military equipment. This section applies with respect to lethal military equipment provided under a contract entered into after April 24, 1996.
(b) Waiver
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, assistance may be furnished to a foreign government described in subsection (a) if the President determines that furnishing such assistance is important to the national interests of the United States and, not later than 15 days before obligating such assistance, furnishes a report to the appropriate committees of Congress including—
(1) a statement of the determination;
(2) a detailed explanation of the assistance to be provided;
(3) the estimated dollar amount of the assistance; and
(4) an explanation of how the assistance furthers United States national interests.
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. III, § 620H, as added Pub. L. 104–132, title III, § 326, Apr. 24, 1996, 110 Stat. 1256.)
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424, as amended, known as the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.
heading: Codification
text: April 24, 1966, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), was in the original “the date of enactment of this Act”, which was translated as meaning the date of enactment of Pub. L. 104–132, which enacted this section, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.
heading: Delegation of Functions
text: For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title.
heading: “Assistance” Defined
text: Assistance defined for purposes of title III of Pub. L. 104–132, see section 329 of Pub. L. 104–132, set out as a note under section 2349aa–10 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 2378–1 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 2378–1. Prohibition on assistance to countries that restrict United States humanitarian assistance
(a) In general
No assistance shall be furnished under this chapter or the Arms Export Control Act [22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.] to any country when it is made known to the President that the government of such country prohibits or otherwise restricts, directly or indirectly, the transport or delivery of United States humanitarian assistance.
(b) Exception
Assistance may be furnished without regard to the restriction in subsection (a) if the President determines that to do so is in the national security interest of the United States.
(c) Notice
Prior to making any determination under subsection (b), the President shall notify the Committee on International Relations, the Committee on Foreign Relations, and the Committees on Appropriations of the Senate and House of Representatives of his intention to make such a determination, the effective date of the determination, and the reasons for making the determination.
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. III, § 620I, as added Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(c) [title V, § 559], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–121, 3009–161.)
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 87–195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424, as amended, known as the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2151 of this title and Tables.
The Arms Export Control Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is Pub. L. 90–629, Oct. 22, 1968, 82 Stat. 1320, as amended, which is classified principally to chapter 39 (§ 2751 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2751 of this title and Tables.
heading: Change of Name
text: Committee on International Relations of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Foreign Affairs of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Tenth Congress, Jan. 5, 2007.
heading: Delegation of Functions
text: For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title.