16 U.S.C. § 431 (CONSERVATION)
§ 431. National monuments; reservation of lands; relinquishment of private claims
The President of the United States is authorized, in his discretion, to declare by public proclamation historic landmarks, historic and prehistoric structures, and other objects of historic or scientific interest that are situated upon the lands owned or controlled by the Government of the United States to be national monuments, and may reserve as a part thereof parcels of land, the limits of which in all cases shall be confined to the smallest area compatible with the proper care and management of the objects to be protected. When such objects are situated upon a tract covered by a bona fide unperfected claim or held in private ownership, the tract, or so much thereof as may be necessary for the proper care and management of the object, may be relinquished to the Government, and the Secretary of the Interior is authorized to accept the relinquishment of such tracts in behalf of the Government of the United States.
(June 8, 1906, ch. 3060, § 2, 34 Stat. 225.)
heading: Short Title
text: Act June 8, 1906, ch. 3060, 34 Stat. 225, which is classified generally to sections 431, 432, and 433 of this title, is popularly known as the “Antiquities Act of 1906”, and is also known as the “National Monument Act”.
heading: National Monument Commission
text: Act Aug. 31, 1954, ch. 1160, 68 Stat. 1029, provided for a Commission to obtain plans and designs for a useful monument to the nation symbolizing to the United States and the world the ideals of a democracy as embodied in the five freedoms (speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition) and to submit such plans to Congress for legislative authorization after approval by the Secretary of the Interior, the National Capital Planning Commission, and the Commission of Fine Arts, The Commission terminated 30 days after submission of required report which was submitted in 1957 but audit of business was not completed until September 1964.
National Monuments Established Under Presidential Proclamation
Ackia Battleground National Monument, Mississippi [see section 450r of this title].—Proc. No. 2307, Oct. 25, 1938, 53 Stat. 2494.
Admiralty Island National Monument, Alaska [Monument established within Tongass National Forest by Pub. L. 96–487, title V, § 503(b), Dec. 2, 1980, 94 Stat. 2399; Pub. L. 104–123, Apr. 1, 1996, 110 Stat. 879; Pub. L. 105–60, Oct. 10, 1997, 111 Stat. 1269].—Proc. No. 4611, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1446.
African Burial Ground National Monument, New York.—Proc. No. 7984, Feb. 27, 2006, 71 F.R. 10793.
Agua Fria National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 7263, Jan. 11, 2000, 65 F.R. 2817.
Andrew Johnson National Monument, Tennessee [Monument redesignated Andrew Johnson National Historical Site, see section 450o of this title].—Proc. No. 2554, Apr. 27, 1942, 56 Stat. 1955.
Aniakchak National Monument, Alaska [Monument established as unit of National Park System, see section 410hh(1) of this title].—Proc. No. 4612, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1448.
Arches National Monument, Utah [Monument abolished and funds made available to Arches National Park, see section 272 of this title].—Proc. No. 1875, Apr. 12, 1929, 46 Stat. 2988; Proc. No. 2312, Nov. 25, 1938, 53 Stat. 2504; Proc. No. 3360, July 22, 1960, 74 Stat. c79; Proc. No. 3887, Jan. 20, 1969, 83 Stat. 920.
Aztec Ruins National Monument, New Mexico.—Proc. No. 1650, Jan. 24, 1923, 42 Stat. 2295; Proc. No. 1840, July 2, 1928, 45 Stat. 2954; Proc. No. 1928, Dec. 19, 1930, 46 Stat. 3040; Proc. No. 2787, May 27, 1948, 62 Stat. 1513; Pub. L. 100–559, title VI, §§ 601–604, Oct. 28, 1988, 102 Stat. 2800.
Badlands National Monument, South Dakota [Monument redesignated Badlands National Park, see section 441e–1 of this title].—Proc. No. 2320, Jan. 25, 1939, 53 Stat. 2521.
Bandelier National Monument, New Mexico.—Proc. No. 1322, Feb. 11, 1916, 39 Stat. 1764; Proc. No. 1991, Feb. 25, 1932, 47 Stat. 2503; Proc. No. 3388, Jan. 9, 1961, 75 Stat. 1014; Proc. No. 3539, May 27, 1963, 77 Stat. 1006; Pub. L. 94–578, title III, § 309, Oct. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 2736; Pub. L. 105–85, div. C, title XXXI, § 3164, Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 2050; Pub. L. 105–376, Nov. 12, 1998, 112 Stat. 3388.
Becharof National Monument, Alaska.—Proc. No. 4613, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1450.
Bering Land Bridge National Monument, Alaska.—Proc. No. 4614, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1451.
Big Hole Battlefield National Monument, Montana [Monument redesignated Big Hole National Battlefield, see section 430uu of this title].—Ex. Ord. No. 1216, June 23, 1910; Proc. No. 2339, June 29, 1939, 53 Stat. 2544.
Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Monument, Colorado [Monument abolished and lands incorporated in, and funds made available for, Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park, see section 410fff–2 of this title].—Proc. No. 2033, Mar. 2, 1933, 47 Stat. 2558; Proc. No. 2286, May 16, 1938, 52 Stat. 1548; Proc. No. 2372, Oct. 28, 1939, 54 Stat. 2669; Proc. No. 3344, Apr. 8, 1960, 74 Stat. c56; Pub. L. 98–357, July 13, 1984, 98 Stat. 397.
Bryce Canyon National Monument, Utah.—Proc. No. 1664, June 8, 1923, 43 Stat. 1914; Proc. No. 1930, Jan. 5, 1931, 46 Stat. 3042; Proc. No. 1952, May 4, 1931, 47 Stat. 2455.
Buck Island Reef National Monument, Virgin Islands.—Proc. No. 3443, Dec. 28, 1961, 76 Stat. 1441; Proc. No. 4346, Feb. 1, 1975, 89 Stat. 1237; Proc. No. 4359, Mar. 28, 1975, 89 Stat. 1254; Proc. No. 7392, Jan. 17, 2001, 66 F.R. 7335.
Cabrillo National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 1255, Oct. 14, 1913, 38 Stat. 1965; Proc. No. 3273, Feb. 2, 1959, 73 Stat. c19; Proc. No. 4319, Sept. 28, 1974, 88 Stat. 2514.
California Coastal National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 7264, Jan. 11, 2000, 65 F.R. 2821; Proc. No. 9089, Mar. 11, 2014, 79 F.R. 14603.
Canyon De Chelly National Monument, Arizona [see section 445 of this title].—Proc. No. 1945, Apr. 1, 1931, 47 Stat. 2448; Proc. No. 2036, Mar. 3, 1933, 47 Stat. 2562.
Canyons of the Ancients National Monument, Colorado.—Proc. No. 7317, June 9, 2000, 65 F.R. 37243.
Cape Krusenstern National Monument, Alaska [Monument established as unit of National Park System, see section 410hh(3) of this title].—Proc. No. 4615, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1453.
Capitol Reef National Monument, Utah [Monument abolished and funds made available to Capitol Reef National Park, see section 273 of this title].—Proc. No. 2246, Aug. 2, 1937, 50 Stat. 1856; Proc. No. 3249, July 2, 1958, 72 Stat. c48; Proc. No. 3888, Jan. 20, 1969, 83 Stat. 922.
Capulin Mountain National Monument, New Mexico [Monument redesignated Capulin Volcano National Monument by Pub. L. 100–225, title V, § 506(g), Dec. 31, 1987, 101 Stat. 1547].—Proc. No. 1340, Aug. 9, 1916, 39 Stat. 1792.
Capulin Volcano National Monument, New Mexico [Monument changed from Capulin Mountain National Monument, see section 460uu–46(g) of this title].—Proc. No. 1340, Aug. 9, 1916, 39 Stat. 1792; Pub. L. 87–635, Sept. 5, 1962, 76 Stat. 436; Pub. L. 100–225, title V, § 506(g), Dec. 31, 1987, 101 Stat. 1547.
Carlsbad Cave National Monument, New Mexico [Monument redesignated Carlsbad Caverns National Park, see section 407 of this title].—Proc. No. 1679, Oct. 25, 1923, 43 Stat. 1929.
Carrizo Plain National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 7393, Jan. 17, 2001, 66 F.R. 7339.
Casa Grande National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 1470, Aug. 3, 1918, 40 Stat. 1818.
Cascade-Siskiyou National Monument, Oregon.—Proc. No. 7318, June 9, 2000, 65 F.R. 37249; Pub. L. 111–11, title I, §§ 1401–1406, Mar. 30, 2009, 123 Stat. 1026–1031.
Castillo de San Marcos National Monument, Florida [Monument changed from Fort Marion National Monument by act June 5, 1942, ch. 337, 56 Stat. 312].—Proc. No. 1713, Oct. 15, 1924, 43 Stat. 1968; Pub. L. 108–480, Dec. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 3907.
Castle Pinckney National Monument, South Carolina.—Proc. No. 1713, Oct. 15, 1924, 43 Stat. 1968.
Cedar Breaks National Monument, Utah.—Proc. No. 2054, Aug. 22, 1933, 48 Stat. 1705.
César E. Chávez National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 8884, Oct. 8, 2012, 77 F.R. 62413.
Chaco Canyon National Monument, New Mexico [Monument abolished and funds made available to Chaco Culture National Historical Park, see section 410ii–1(a) of this title].—Proc. No. 740, Mar. 11, 1907, 35 Stat. 2119; Proc. No. 1826, Jan. 10, 1928, 45 Stat. 2937.
Channel Islands National Monument, California [Monument abolished and incorporated in Channel Islands National Park, see section 410ff of this title].—Proc. No. 2281, Apr. 26, 1938, 52 Stat. 1541; Proc. No. 2825, Feb. 9, 1949, 63 Stat. 1258.
Charles Young Buffalo Soldiers National Monument, Ohio.—Proc. No. 8945, Mar. 25, 2013, 78 F.R. 18777.
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Monument, Maryland.—Proc. No. 3391, Jan. 18, 1961, 75 Stat. 1023.
Chimney Rock National Monument, Colorado.—Proc. No. 8868, Sept. 21, 2012, 77 F.R. 59275.
Chiricahua National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 1692, Apr. 18, 1924, 43 Stat. 1946; Proc. No. 2288, June 10, 1938, 52 Stat. 1551.
Cinder Cone National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 753, May 6, 1907, 35 Stat. 2131.
Colonial National Monument, Virginia [Monument redesignated Colonial National Historical Park, see section 81 of this title].—Proc. No. 1929, Dec. 30, 1930, 46 Stat. 3041; Proc. No. 2055, Aug. 22, 1933, 48 Stat. 1706.
Colorado National Monument, Colorado.—Proc. No. 1126, May 24, 1911, 37 Stat. 1681; Proc. No. 2037, Mar. 3, 1933, 47 Stat. 2563; Proc. No. 3307, Aug. 7, 1959, 73 Stat. c69; Pub. L. 94–578, title III, § 302(a), Oct. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 2734.
Craters of the Moon National Monument, Idaho.—Proc. No. 1694, May 2, 1924, 43 Stat. 1947; Proc. No. 1843, July 23, 1928, 45 Stat. 2959; Proc. No. 1916, July 9, 1930, 46 Stat. 3029; Proc. No. 2499, July 18, 1941, 55 Stat. 1660; Proc. No. 3506, Nov. 19, 1962, 77 Stat. 960; Pub. L. 104–333, div. I, title II, § 205, Nov. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 4106; Proc. No. 7373, Nov. 9, 2000, 65 F.R. 69221; Pub. L. 107–213, § 1, Aug. 21, 2002, 116 Stat. 1052.
Death Valley National Monument, California and Nevada [Monument abolished and incorporated in Death Valley National Park, see section 410aaa–1 of this title].—Proc. No. 2028, Feb. 11, 1933, 47 Stat. 2554; Proc. No. 2228, Mar. 26, 1937, 50 Stat. 1823; Proc. No. 2961, Jan. 17, 1952, 66 Stat. c18; Pub. L. 103–433, title III, § 302, Oct. 31, 1994, 108 Stat. 4485.
Denali National Monument, Alaska.—Proc. No. 4616, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1455.
Devil Postpile National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 1166, July 6, 1911, 37 Stat. 1715.
Devils Tower National Monument, Wyoming.—Proc. No. 658, Sept. 24, 1906, 34 Stat. 3236; act Aug. 9, 1955, ch. 647, 69 Stat. 575.
Dinosaur National Monument, Utah-Colorado.—Proc. No. 1313, Oct. 4, 1915, 39 Stat. 1752; Proc. No. 2290, July 14, 1938, 53 Stat. 2454; Pub. L. 100–701, §§ 2–4, Nov. 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 4641.
Edison Laboratory National Monument, New Jersey [Monument and Edison Home National Historic Site together with certain adjacent lands redesignated Edison National Historic Site by Pub. L. 87–628, § 1, Sept. 5, 1962, 76 Stat. 428; Pub. L. 87–628 repealed and references to the Edison National Historic Site deemed to refer to the Thomas Edison National Historical Park by Pub. L. 111–11, title VII, § 7110(c)(4), (5), Mar. 30, 2009, 123 Stat. 1198, see section 410mmm of this title].—Proc. No. 3148, July 14, 1956, 70 Stat. c49.
Effigy Mounds National Monument, Iowa.—Proc. No. 2860, Oct. 25, 1949, 64 Stat. a371; Pub. L. 106–323, Oct. 19, 2000, 114 Stat. 1289.
El Morro National Monument, New Mexico.—Proc. No. 695, Dec. 8, 1906, 34 Stat. 3264; Proc. No. 1377, June 18, 1917, 40 Stat. 1673.
First State National Monument, Delaware.—Proc. No. 8944, Mar. 25, 2013, 78 F.R. 18769.
Fort Jefferson National Monument, Florida [Monument abolished and incorporated in Dry Tortugas National Park, see section 410xx of this title].—Proc. No. 2112, Jan. 4, 1935, 49 Stat. 3430; Pub. L. 96–287, title II, June 28, 1980, 94 Stat. 600; Pub. L. 102–525, title II, § 201(c), Oct. 26, 1992, 106 Stat. 3440.
Fort Laramie National Monument, Wyoming [Monument redesignated Fort Laramie National Historic Site by Pub. L. 86–444, § 3, Apr. 29, 1960, 74 Stat. 84].—Proc. No. 2292, July 16, 1938, 53 Stat. 2461.
Fort Marion National Monument, Florida [Monument redesignated Castillo de San Marcos National Monument by act June 5, 1942, ch. 337, 56 Stat. 312].—Proc. No. 1713, Oct. 15, 1924, 43 Stat. 1968.
Fort Matanzas National Monument, Florida.—Proc. No. 1713, Oct. 15, 1924, 43 Stat. 1968; Proc. No. 2114, Jan. 9, 1935, 49 Stat. 3433; Proc. No. 2773, Mar. 24, 1948, 62 Stat. 1491; Pub. L. 106–524, Nov. 22, 2000, 114 Stat. 2493.
Fort Monroe National Monument, Virginia.—Proc. No. 8750, Nov. 1, 2011, 76 F.R. 68625.
Fort Niagara National Monument, New York.—Proc. No. 1745, Sept. 5, 1925, 44 Stat. 2582.
Fort Ord National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 8803, Apr. 20, 2012, 77 F.R. 24579.
Fort Pulaski National Monument, Georgia.—Proc. No. 1713, Oct. 15, 1924, 43 Stat. 1968; June 26, 1936, ch. 844, 49 Stat. 1979; Pub. L. 104–333, div. I, title VIII, § 807, Nov. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 4188.
Fort Wood National Monument, New York.—Proc. No. 1713, Oct. 15, 1924, 43 Stat. 1968.
Fossil Cycad National Monument, South Dakota.—Proc. No. 1641, Oct. 21, 1922, 42 Stat. 2286.
Gates of the Arctic National Monument, Alaska.—Proc. No. 4617, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1457.
Giant Sequoia National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 7295, Apr. 15, 2000, 65 F.R. 24095.
Gila Cliff-Dwellings National Monument, New Mexico.—Proc. No. 781, Nov. 16, 1907, 35 Stat. 2162; Proc. No. 3467, Apr. 17, 1962, 76 Stat. 1465.
Glacier Bay National Monument, Alaska [Monument redesignated Glacier Bay National Park, see section 410hh–1(1) of this title].—Proc. No. 1733, Feb. 26, 1925, 43 Stat. 1988; Proc. No. 2330, Apr. 18, 1939, 53 Stat. 2534; Proc. No. 3089, Mar. 31, 1955, 69 Stat. c27; Proc. No. 4618, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1458.
Governors Island National Monument, New York.—Proc. No. 7402, Jan. 19, 2001, 66 F.R. 7855; Proc. No. 7647, Feb. 7, 2003, 68 F.R. 7053.
Gran Quivira National Monument, New Mexico [Monument abolished and funds made available to Salinas National Monument by Pub. L. 96–550, title VI, § 601(b), Dec. 19, 1980, 94 Stat. 3231. Salinas National Monument redesignated Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument by Pub. L. 100–559, title I, § 101, Oct. 28, 1988, 102 Stat. 2797].—Proc. No. 882, Nov. 1, 1909, 36 Stat. 2503; Proc. No. 1545, Nov. 25, 1919, 41 Stat. 1778.
Grand Canyon National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 794, Jan. 11, 1908, 35 Stat. 2175; Proc. No. 2022, Dec. 22, 1932, 47 Stat. 2547; Proc. No. 2393, Apr. 4, 1940, 54 Stat. 2692.
Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 7265, Jan. 11, 2000, 65 F.R. 2825.
Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument, Utah.—Proc. No. 6920, Sept. 18, 1996, 110 Stat. 4561; Pub. L. 105–335, Oct. 31, 1998, 112 Stat. 3139; Pub. L. 105–355, title II, § 201, Nov. 6, 1998, 112 Stat. 3252; Pub. L. 106–176, title III, § 307, Mar. 10, 2000, 114 Stat. 33.
Great Sand Dunes National Monument, Colorado [Monument abolished and incorporated in Great Sand Dunes National Park, see section 410hhh–2 of this title].—Proc. No. 1994, Mar. 17, 1932, 47 Stat. 2506; Proc. No. 2681, Mar. 12, 1946, 60 Stat. 1339; Proc. No. 3138, June 7, 1956, 70 Stat. c31.
Hanford Reach National Monument, Washington.—Proc. No. 7319, June 9, 2000, 65 F.R. 37253.
Harriet Tubman—Underground Railroad National Monument, Maryland.—Proc. No. 8943, Mar. 25, 2013, 78 F.R. 18763.
Holy Cross National Monument, Colorado [Monument abolished by act Aug. 3, 1950, ch. 530, 64 Stat. 404].—Proc. No. 1877, May 11, 1929, 46 Stat. 2993.
Hovenweep National Monument, Colorado-Utah.—Proc. No. 1654, Mar. 2, 1923, 42 Stat. 2299; Proc. No. 2924, Apr. 26, 1951, 65 Stat. c8; Proc. No. 2998, Nov. 20, 1952, 67 Stat. c21; Proc. No. 3132, Apr. 6, 1956, 70 Stat. c26.
Ironwood Forest National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 7320, June 9, 2000, 65 F.R. 37259.
Jackson Hole National Monument, Wyoming [Monument abolished and incorporated in Grand Teton National Park, see section 406d–1 of this title].—Proc. No. 2578, Mar. 15, 1943, 57 Stat. 731.
Jewel Cave National Monument, South Dakota.—Proc. No. 799, Feb. 7, 1908, 35 Stat. 2180; Pub. L. 89–250, Oct. 9, 1965, 79 Stat. 971.
Joshua Tree National Monument, California [see section 450ii of this title] [Monument abolished and incorporated in Joshua Tree National Park, see section 410aaa–22 of this title].—Proc. No. 2193, Aug. 10, 1936, 50 Stat. 1760; Pub. L. 103–433, title IV, § 402, Oct. 31, 1994, 108 Stat. 4488.
Kasha-Katuwe Tent Rocks National Monument, New Mexico.—Proc. No. 7394, Jan. 17, 2001, 66 F.R. 7343.
Katmai National Monument, Alaska [Monument redesignated Katmi National Park, see section 410hh–1(2) of this title].—Proc. No. 1487, Sept. 24, 1918, 40 Stat. 1855; Proc. No. 1950, Apr. 24, 1931, 47 Stat. 2453; Proc. No. 2177, June 15, 1936, 49 Stat. 3523; Proc. No. 2564, Aug. 4, 1942, 56 Stat. 1972; Proc. No. 3890, Jan. 20, 1969, 83 Stat. 926; Proc. No. 4619, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1460.
Kenai Fjords National Monument, Alaska.—Proc. No. 4620, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1462.
Kobuk Valley National Monument, Alaska.—Proc. No. 4621, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1463.
Lake Clark National Monument, Alaska.—Proc. No. 4622, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1465.
Lassen Peak National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 754, May 6, 1907, 35 Stat. 2132.
Lava Beds National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 1755, Nov. 21, 1925, 44 Stat. 2591; Proc. No. 2925, Apr. 27, 1951, 65 Stat. c9.
Lehman Caves National Monument, Nevada [Monument abolished and lands incorporated in, and funds made available for, Great Basin National Park, see section 410mm(d) of this title].—Proc. No. 1618, Jan. 24, 1922, 42 Stat. 2260.
Lewis and Clark Cavern National Monument, Montana.—Proc. No. 807, May 11, 1908, 35 Stat. 2187; Proc. No. 1123, May 16, 1911, 37 Stat. 1679.
Marble Canyon National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 3889, Jan. 20, 1969, 83 Stat. 924.
Marianas Trench Marine National Monument, Northern Mariana Islands and Guam.—Proc. No. 8335, Jan. 6, 2009, 74 F.R. 1557.
Meriwether Lewis National Monument, Tennessee [Monument included in Natchez Trace Parkway, see section 460–1 of this title].—Proc. No. 1730, Feb. 6, 1925, 43 Stat. 1986; Proc. No. 1825, Dec. 6, 1927, 45 Stat. 2935.
Minidoka Internment National Monument, Idaho [Monument abolished and lands incorporated in Minidoka Historic Site by Pub. L. 110–229, title III, § 313, May 8, 2008, 122 Stat. 770].—Proc. No. 7395, Jan. 17, 2001, 66 F.R. 7347.
Misty Fjords National Monument, Alaska [Monument established within Tongass National Forest by Pub. L. 96–487, title V, § 503(b), Dec. 2, 1980, 94 Stat. 2399].—Proc. No. 4623, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1466.
Montezuma Castle National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 696, Sept. 8, 1906, 93 Stat. 3265; Proc. No. 2226, Feb. 23, 1937, 50 Stat. 1817; Pub. L. 108–190, Dec. 19, 2003, 117 Stat. 2867.
Mound City Group National Monument, Ohio [Monument redesignated Hopewell Culture National Historic Park, see section 401uu of this title].—Proc. No. 1653, Mar. 2, 1923, 42 Stat. 2298; Pub. L. 96–607, title VII, § 701, Dec. 28, 1980, 94 Stat. 3540.
Mount Olympus National Monument, Washington [Monument abolished and lands incorporated in Mount Olympus National Park, see section 251 of this title].—Proc. No. 869, Mar. 2, 1909, 35 Stat. 2247; Proc. No. 1191, Apr. 17, 1912, 37 Stat. 1737; Proc. No. 1293, May 11, 1915, 39 Stat. 1726; Proc. No. 1862, Jan. 7, 1929, 45 Stat. 2984.
Muir Woods National Monument, California.—Proc. No. 793, Jan. 9, 1908, 35 Stat. 2174; Proc. No. 1608, Sept. 22, 1921, 42 Stat. 2249; Proc. No. 2122, Apr. 5, 1935, 49 Stat. 3443; Proc. No. 2932, June 26, 1951, 65 Stat. c20; Proc. No. 3311, Sept. 8, 1959, 73 Stat. c76.
Mukuntuweap National Monument, Utah [Monument redesignated Zion National Monument by Proc. No. 1435, Mar. 18, 1918, 40 Stat. 1760, and later redesignated Zion National Park, see section 344 of this title].—Proc. No. 877, July 31, 1909, 36 Stat. 2498.
Natural Bridges National Monument, Utah.—Proc. No. 804, Apr. 16, 1908, 35 Stat. 2183; Proc. No. 881, Sept. 25, 1909, 36 Stat. 2502; Proc. No. 1323, Feb. 11, 1916, 39 Stat. 1764; Proc. No. 3486, Aug. 14, 1962, 76 Stat. 1495.
Navajo National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 873, May 20, 1909, 36 Stat. 2491; Proc. No. 1186, Mar. 14, 1912, 37 Stat. 1733.
Noatak National Monument, Alaska.—Proc. No. 4624, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1468.
Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Marine National Monument, Hawaii [Monument redesignated Papaha̅naumokua̅kea Marine National Monument by Proc. No. 8112, Feb. 28, 2007, 72 F.R. 10031].—Proc. No. 8031, June 15, 2006, 71 F.R. 36443.
Ocmulgee National Monument, Georgia [see section 447a of this title].—Proc. No. 2212, Dec. 23, 1936, 50 Stat. 1798; Proc. No. 2493, June 13, 1941, 55 Stat. 1654; Pub. L. 102–67, July 9, 1991, 105 Stat. 325.
Old Kasaan National Monument, Alaska [Monument abolished and incorporated in Tongass National Forest by act July 26, 1955, ch. 387, 69 Stat. 380].—Proc. No. 1351, Oct. 25, 1916, 39 Stat. 1812.
Oregon Caves National Monument, Oregon.—Proc. No. 876, July 12, 1909, 36 Stat. 2497.
Organ Mountains-Desert Peaks National Monument, New Mexico.—Proc. No. 9131, May 21, 2014, 79 F.R. 30431.
Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 2232, Apr. 13, 1937, 50 Stat. 1827; Pub. L. 108–64, July 29, 2003, 117 Stat. 874.
Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument, Wake, Baker, Howland, and Jarvis Islands, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, and Palmyra Atoll.—Proc. No. 8336, Jan. 6, 2009, 74 F.R. 1565.
Papago Saguaro National Monument, Arizona [Monument abolished by act Apr. 7, 1930, ch. 107, 46 Stat. 142, as amended by Pub. L. 109–163, div. B, title XXVIII, § 2873, Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3535].—Proc. No. 1262, Jan. 31, 1914, 38 Stat. 1991.
Papaha̅naumokua̅kea Marine National Monument, Hawaii [Monument changed from Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Marine National Monument by Proc. No. 8112, Feb. 28, 2007, 72 F.R. 10031].—Proc. No. 8031, June 15, 2006, 71 F.R. 36443.
Perry’s Victory and International Peace Memorial National Monument, Ohio.—Proc. No. 2182, July 6, 1936, 50 Stat. 1734.
Petrified Forest National Monument [Monument disestablished on establishment of Petrified Forest National Park, see sections 119 and 444 of this title].—Proc. No. 697, Dec. 8, 1906, 34 Stat. 3266; Proc. No. 1167, July 31, 1911, 37 Stat. 1716; Proc. No. 1927, Nov. 14, 1930, 46 Stat. 3040; Proc. No. 1975, Nov. 30, 1931, 47 Stat. 2486; Proc. No. 2011, Sept. 23, 1932, 47 Stat. 2532.
Pinnacles National Monument, California [Monument abolished and lands and interests therein incorporated within and made part of Pinnacles National Park, see section 410ooo–1 of this title].—Proc. No. 796, Jan. 16, 1908, 35 Stat. 2177; Proc. No. 1660, May 7, 1923, 43 Stat. 1911; Proc. No. 1704, July 2, 1924, 43 Stat. 1961; Proc. No. 1948, Apr. 13, 1931, 47 Stat. 2451; Proc. No. 2050, July 11, 1933, 48 Stat. 1701; Proc. No. 2528, Dec. 5, 1941, 55 Stat. 1709; Proc. No. 7266, Jan. 11, 2000, 65 F.R. 2831.
Pipe Spring National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 1663, May 31, 1923, 43 Stat. 1913.
Pompeys Pillar National Monument, Montana.—Proc. No. 7396, Jan. 17, 2001, 66 F.R. 7351.
President Lincoln and Soldiers’ Home National Monument, District of Columbia.—Proc. No. 7329, July 7, 2000, 65 F.R. 43673.
Rainbow Bridge National Monument, Utah.—Proc. No. 1043, May 30, 1910, 36 Stat. 2703.
Río Grande del Norte National Monument, New Mexico.—Proc. No. 8946, Mar. 25, 2013, 78 F.R. 18783.
Rose Atoll Marine National Monument, American Samoa.—Proc. No. 8337, Jan. 6, 2009, 74 F.R. 1577.
Russell Cave National Monument, Alabama.—Proc. No. 3413, May 11, 1961, 75 Stat. 1058.
Saguaro National Monument, Arizona [Monument abolished and incorporated in Saguaro National Park, see section 410zz–1 of this title].—Proc. No. 2032, Mar. 1, 1933, 47 Stat. 2557; Proc. No. 3439, Nov. 15, 1961, 76 Stat. 1437; Pub. L. 102–61, June 19, 1991, 105 Stat. 303; Pub. L. 103–364, § 3, Oct. 14, 1994, 108 Stat. 3467.
San Juan Islands National Monument, Washington.—Proc. No. 8947, Mar. 25, 2013, 78 F.R. 18789.
Santa Rosa Island National Monument, Florida.—Proc. No. 2337, May 17, 1939, 53 Stat. 2542; Proc. No. 2659, Aug. 13, 1945, 59 Stat. 877.
Scotts Bluff National Monument, Nebraska.—Proc. No. 1547, Dec. 12, 1919, 41 Stat. 1779; Proc. No. 1999, June 1, 1932, 47 Stat. 2512; Proc. No. 2391, Mar. 29, 1940, 54 Stat. 2690.
Shoshone Cavern National Monument, Wyoming [Monument abolished by act May 17, 1954, ch. 203, 68 Stat. 98].—Proc. No. 880, Sept. 21, 1909, 36 Stat. 2501.
Sieur de Monts National Monument, Maine.—Proc. No. 1339, July 8, 1916, 39 Stat. 1785.
Sitka National Monument, Alaska [Monument redesignated Sitka National Historical Park by Pub. L. 92–501, Oct. 18, 1972, 86 Stat. 904, as amended by Pub. L. 106–291, title I, § 130, Oct. 11, 2000, 114 Stat. 946].—Proc. No. 959, Mar. 23, 1910, 36 Stat. 2601; Proc. No. 2965, Feb. 25, 1952, 66 Stat. c22.
Sonoran Desert National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 7397, Jan. 17, 2001, 66 F.R. 7354.
Statue of Liberty National Monument.—Proc. No. 1713, Oct. 15, 1924, 43 Stat. 1968; Proc. No. 2250, Sept. 7, 1937, 51 Stat. 393; Proc. No. 3656, May 11, 1965, 79 Stat. 1490.
Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument, Arizona [Monument changed from Sunset Crater National Monument by Pub. L. 101–612, § 15, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3222].—Proc. No. 1911, May 26, 1930, 46 Stat. 3023.
Timpanogos Cave National Monument, Utah.—Proc. No. 1640, Oct. 14, 1922, 42 Stat. 2285; Proc. No. 3457, Mar. 27, 1962, 76 Stat. 1457; Pub. L. 107–329, title I, Dec. 6, 2002, 116 Stat. 2815.
Tonto National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 787, Dec. 19, 1907, 35 Stat. 2168; Proc. No. 2230, Apr. 1, 1937, 50 Stat. 1825.
Tumacacori National Monument, Arizona [Monument abolished and lands incorporated in, and funds made available for, Tumacacori National Historical Park, see section 410ss of this title].—Proc. No. 821, Sept. 15, 1908, 35 Stat. 2205; Proc. No. 3228, Mar. 28, 1958, 72 Stat. c30.
Tuzigoot National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 2344, July 25, 1939, 53 Stat. 2548.
Upper Missouri River Breaks National Monument, Montana.—Proc. No. 7398, Jan. 17, 2001, 66 F.R. 7359.
Verendrye National Monument, North Dakota.—Proc. No. 1380, June 29, 1917, 40 Stat. 1677.
Vermilion Cliffs National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 7374, Nov. 9, 2000, 65 F.R. 69227.
Virgin Islands Coral Reef National Monument, Virgin Islands.—Proc. No. 7399, Jan. 17, 2001, 66 F.R. 7364.
Walnut Canyon National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 1318, Nov. 30, 1915, 39 Stat. 1761; Proc. No. 2300, Sept. 24, 1938, 53 Stat. 2469; Pub. L. 104–333, div. I, title II, § 208, Nov. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 4107.
Wheeler National Monument, Colorado [Monument abolished by act Aug. 3, 1950, ch. 534, 64 Stat. 405].—Proc. No. 831, Dec. 7, 1908, 35 Stat. 2214.
White Sands National Monument, New Mexico.—Proc. No. 2025, Jan. 18, 1933, 47 Stat. 2551; Proc. No. 2108, Nov. 28, 1934, 49 Stat. 3426; Proc. No. 2295, Aug. 29, 1938, 53 Stat. 2465; Proc. No. 3024, June 24, 1953, 67 Stat. c53; Pub. L. 104–201, div. B, title XXVIII, § 2854, Sept. 23, 1996, 110 Stat. 2803.
World War II Valor In the Pacific National Monument, Alaska, California, and Hawaii.—Proc. No. 8327, Dec. 5, 2008, 73 F.R. 75293.
Wrangell-St. Elias National Monument, Alaska.—Proc. No. 4625, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1470.
Wupatki National Monument, Arizona.—Proc. No. 1721, Dec. 9, 1924, 43 Stat. 1977; Proc. No. 2243, July 9, 1937, 52 Stat. 1841; Proc. No. 2454, Jan. 20, 1941, 55 Stat. 1608; Pub. L. 104–333, div. I, title II, § 207, Nov. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 4107.
Yucca House National Monument, Colorado.—Proc. No. 1549, Dec. 19, 1919, 41 Stat. 1781; Pub. L. 104–333, div. I, title II, § 201, Nov. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 4105.
Yukon-Charley National Monument, Alaska.—Proc. No. 4626, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1472.
Yukon Flats National Monument, Alaska.—Proc. No. 4627, Dec. 1, 1978, 93 Stat. 1473.
Zion National Monument, Utah [Monument combined with Zion National Park into a single National park unit, see section 346b of this title. A prior Zion National Monument, formerly Mukuntuweap National Monument, Proc. No. 877, July 31, 1909, 36 Stat. 2498, and Proc. No. 1435, Mar. 18, 1918, 40 Stat. 1760, was redesignated Zion National Park, see section 344 of this title].—Proc. No. 2221, Jan. 22, 1937, 50 Stat. 1809.
Miscellaneous National Monuments
Agate Fossil Beds National Monument, Nebraska.—Pub. L. 89–33, June 5, 1965, 79 Stat. 123.
Alibates Flint Quarries National Monument, Texas.—Pub. L. 89–154, Aug. 31, 1965, 79 Stat. 587. Name changed from Alibates Flint Quarries and Texas Panhandle Pueblo Culture National Monument by Pub. L. 95–625, title III, § 321(c), Nov. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 3488.
Congaree Swamp National Monument, South Carolina [Monument redesignated Congaree National Park, see section 410jjj of this title].
El Malpais National Monument, New Mexico.—Pub. L. 100–225, title I, §§ 101–104, Dec. 31, 1987, 101 Stat. 1539 (16 U.S.C. 460uu et seq.).
Florissant Fossil Beds National Monument, Colorado.—Pub. L. 91–60, Aug. 20, 1969, 83 Stat. 101.
Fossil Butte National Monument, Wyoming.—Pub. L. 92–537, Oct. 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 1069.
Hagerman Fossil Beds National Monument, Idaho.—Pub. L. 100–696, title III, §§ 301–308, Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4575, as amended by Pub. L. 101–512, title I, Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1923; Pub. L. 104–333, div. I, title II, § 206, Nov. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 4106; Pub. L. 106–421, Nov. 1, 2000, 114 Stat. 1870.
Hohokam Pima National Monument, Arizona.—Pub. L. 92–525, Oct. 21, 1972, 86 Stat. 1047.
John Day Fossil Beds National Monument, Oregon.—Pub. L. 93–486, title I, § 101(a)(2), Oct. 26, 1974, 88 Stat. 1461.
Kill Devil National Monument, North Carolina.—Act Mar. 2, 1927, ch. 251, 44 Stat. 1264. Name change to Wright Brothers National Memorial, Dec. 1, 1953.
Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument, Montana.—Pub. L. 102–201, titles I, II, Dec. 10, 1991, 105 Stat. 1631.
Mount St. Helens National Volcanic Monument, Washington.—Pub. L. 97–243, Aug. 26, 1982, 96 Stat. 301; Pub. L. 105–279, Oct. 23, 1998, 112 Stat. 2690.
National Military Working Dog Teams Monument, Virginia—Pub. L. 110–181, div. B, title XXVIII, § 2877, Jan. 28, 2008, 122 Stat. 563; Pub. L. 111–84, div. B, title XXVIII, § 2871, Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2696.
Newberry National Volcanic Monument, Oregon.—Pub. L. 101–522, Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 2288.
Pecos National Monument, New Mexico [included in Pecos National Historical Park by Pub. L. 101–313, title II, § 202(b), June 27, 1990, 104 Stat. 278 (16 U.S.C. 410rr–1(b))].—Pub. L. 89–54, June 28, 1965, 79 Stat. 195; repealed by Pub. L. 101–313, title II, § 202(c), June 27, 1990, 104 Stat. 278 (16 U.S.C. 410rr–1(c)).
Petroglyph National Monument, New Mexico.—Pub. L. 101–313, title I, June 27, 1990, 104 Stat. 272, as amended by Pub. L. 103–50, ch. IV, § 401, July 2, 1993, 107 Stat. 252; Pub. L. 104–333, div. I, title VIII, § 814(d)(2)(D), Nov. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 4196; Pub. L. 105–174, title III, § 3005, May 1, 1998, 112 Stat. 82.
Poverty Point National Monument, Louisiana.—Pub. L. 100–560, Oct. 31, 1988, 102 Stat. 2803.
Prehistoric Trackways National Monument, New Mexico.—Pub. L. 111–11, title II, §§ 2101–2105, Mar. 30, 2009, 123 Stat. 1096–1099.
Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument, New Mexico.—Pub. L. 96–550, title VI, § 601, Dec. 19, 1980, 94 Stat. 3231, as amended by Pub. L. 100–559, title I, § 101, Oct. 28, 1988, 102 Stat. 2797.
Santa Rosa and San Jacinto Mountains National Monument, California.—Pub. L. 106–351, Oct. 24, 2000, 114 Stat. 1362; Pub. L. 106–434, § 2, Nov. 6, 2000, 114 Stat. 1913; Pub. L. 111–11, title I, § 1853, Mar. 30, 2009, 123 Stat. 1068.
National Memorials
AIDS Memorial Grove National Memorial, California.—Pub. L. 104–333, div. I, title V, § 516, Nov. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 4170.
Arkansas Post National Memorial, Arkansas.—Pub. L. 86–595, July 6, 1960, 74 Stat. 333; Pub. L. 105–83, title I, § 126, Nov. 14, 1997, 111 Stat. 1567.
Astronauts Memorial, John F. Kennedy Space Center, Florida.—Recognized as national memorial to astronauts who die in line of duty by Pub. L. 102–41, May 8, 1991, 105 Stat. 242.
Battle of Midway National Memorial, Midway Atoll.—Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, § 1000(a)(3) [title I, § 126], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1535, 1501A–164.
Benjamin Franklin National Memorial, Pennsylvania.—Designation of Benjamin Franklin Memorial Hall as National Memorial by Pub. L. 92–551, Oct. 25, 1972, 86 Stat. 1164.
Bosque Redondo Memorial, New Mexico.—Pub. L. 106–511, title II, Nov. 13, 2000, 114 Stat. 2369; Pub. L. 108–204, title I, § 101, Mar. 2, 2004, 118 Stat. 543.
Buffalo Soldiers Memorial, Louisiana.—Pub. L. 109–152, Dec. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2887.
Chamizal National Memorial, Texas.—Pub. L. 89–479, June 30, 1966, 80 Stat. 232.
Coronado National Memorial, Arizona.—Acts Aug. 18, 1941, ch. 365, § 1, 55 Stat. 630, and July 9, 1952, ch. 610, 66 Stat. 510 (16 U.S.C. 450y); Proc. No. 2995, Nov. 5, 1952, 67 Stat. c18.
Custis-Lee Mansion National Memorial, Virginia.—Act Mar. 4, 1925, ch. 562, 43 Stat. 1356. Made permanent memorial by act June 29, 1955, ch. 223, 69 Stat. 190.
David Berger Memorial, Ohio.—Pub. L. 96–199, title I, § 116, Mar. 5, 1980, 94 Stat. 71.
Disabled American Veterans Vietnam Veterans National Memorial, New Mexico.—Recognized as a memorial of national significance by Pub. L. 100–164, Nov. 13, 1987, 101 Stat. 905.
Father Marquette National Memorial, Michigan.—Pub. L. 94–160, Dec. 20, 1975, 89 Stat. 848.
Federal Hall National Memorial, New York.—Designated May 26, 1939. Designation changed from Federal Hall Memorial Historic Site by act Aug. 11, 1955, ch. 779, 69 Stat. 632.
Flight 93 National Memorial, Pennsylvania.—Pub. L. 107–226, Sept. 24, 2002, 116 Stat. 1345; Pub. L. 110–161, div. F, title I, § 128, Dec. 26, 2007, 121 Stat. 2122.
Fort Caroline National Memorial, Florida.—Act Sept. 21, 1950, ch. 973, 64 Stat. 897. Established Jan. 16, 1953.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt National Memorial, District of Columbia.—Acts Aug. 11, 1955, ch. 833, 69 Stat. 694; Sept. 1, 1959, Pub. L. 86–214, 73 Stat. 445; Oct. 18, 1962, Pub. L. 87–842, 76 Stat. 1079; Oct. 30, 1965, Pub. L. 89–305, 79 Stat. 1126; Sept. 8, 1970, Pub. L. 91–398, 84 Stat. 837; June 30, 1972, Pub. L. 92–332, 86 Stat. 401; July 28, 1982, Pub. L. 97–224, 96 Stat. 243; Oct. 1, 1996, Pub. L. 104–221, §§ 3, 4, 110 Stat. 3024; July 24, 1997, Pub. L. 105–29, 111 Stat. 246; Nov. 14, 1997, Pub. L. 105–83, title III, § 335, 111 Stat. 1601.
Hamilton Grange National Memorial, New York.—Pub. L. 87–438, Apr. 27, 1962, 76 Stat. 57, as amended by Pub. L. 100–701, § 1, Nov. 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 4640; Pub. L. 106–482, Nov. 9, 2000, 114 Stat. 2192.
House Where Lincoln Died National Memorial, District of Columbia.—Act June 11, 1896, ch. 420, 29 Stat. 439.
Johnstown Flood National Memorial, Pennsylvania.—Pub. L. 88–546, Aug. 31, 1964, 78 Stat. 752; Pub. L. 108–313, Oct. 5, 2004, 118 Stat. 1196.
Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial, Indiana.—Pub. L. 87–407, Feb. 19, 1962, 76 Stat. 9.
Lincoln Museum National Memorial, District of Columbia.—Act Apr. 7, 1866, ch. 28, § 1, 14 Stat. 23.
Lincoln National Memorial, District of Columbia.—Act Feb. 9, 1911, ch. 42, 36 Stat. 898.
Military Divers Memorial.—Pub. L. 113–66, div. B, title XXVIII, § 2842, Dec. 26, 2013, 127 Stat. 1024.
Mount Rushmore National Memorial, South Dakota.—Act Feb. 25, 1929, ch. 315, 45 Stat. 1300.
Mt. Soledad Veterans Memorial, California.—Pub. L. 108–447, div. J, title I, § 116, Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 3346; Pub. L. 109–272, Aug. 14, 2006, 120 Stat. 770; Pub. L. 109–364, div. A, title X, § 1071(d), Oct. 17, 2006, 120 Stat. 2401.
National D-Day Memorial, Virginia.—Pub. L. 104–201, div. A, title X, § 1080, Sept. 23, 1996, 110 Stat. 2670.
National Fallen Firefighters’ Memorial, Maryland.—Pub. L. 101–347, Aug. 9, 1990, 104 Stat. 398.
National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial, District of Columbia.—Establishment of Maintenance Fund by Pub. L. 104–329, title II, § 201, Oct. 20, 1996, 110 Stat. 4011; Pub. L. 109–314, Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1739.
National Medal of Honor Sites.—Pub. L. 106–83, Oct. 28, 1999, 113 Stat. 1293.
Patrick Henry National Memorial, Virginia.—Pub. L. 99–296, May 12, 1986, 100 Stat. 429.
Port Chicago National Memorial, California.—Pub. L. 102–562, title II, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4235; Pub. L. 111–84, div. B, title XXVIII, § 2853(a), Oct. 28, 2009, 123 Stat. 2685.
Prisoner of War/Missing in Action National Memorial, California.—Pub. L. 108–454, title VI, § 601, Dec. 10, 2004, 118 Stat. 3623.
Richard L. Kohnstamm Memorial Area, Oregon.—Pub. L. 111–11, title I, § 1202(b), Mar. 30, 2009, 123 Stat. 1009.
Seabees of the United States Navy Memorial.—Pub. L. 92–422, Sept. 18, 1972, 86 Stat. 678.
Signers of the Declaration of Independence Memorial, District of Columbia.—Pub. L. 95–260, Apr. 17, 1978, 92 Stat. 197.
Thomas Jefferson National Memorial, District of Columbia.—Act June 26, 1934, ch. 763, 48 Stat. 1243.
United States Marine Corps Memorial, Virginia.—Act July 1, 1947, ch. 196, 61 Stat. 242, as amended July 7, 1952, ch. 585, 66 Stat. 441; June 16, 1953, ch. 120, 67 Stat. 64.
United States National Civil Defense Monument, Maryland.—Authorized by Pub. L. 106–103, Nov. 13, 1999, 113 Stat. 1482.
United States Navy Memorial, District of Columbia.—Pub. L. 96–199, title I, § 113, Mar. 5, 1980, 94 Stat. 70.
U.S.S. Indianapolis Memorial, Indiana.—Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title XI, § 1165, Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1765.
USS Oklahoma Memorial, Hawaii.—Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title X, § 1017, Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3425.
Vietnam Veterans Memorial, District of Columbia.—Pub. L. 96–297, July 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 827; Pub. L. 106–214, § 1, June 15, 2000, 114 Stat. 335; Pub. L. 108–126, title I, § 101, Nov. 17, 2003, 117 Stat. 1348; Pub. L. 111–270, § 1, Oct. 12, 2010, 124 Stat. 2851; Pub. L. 112–74, div. E, title IV, § 420, Dec. 23, 2011, 125 Stat. 1045; Pub. L. 113–21, July 18, 2013, 127 Stat. 490.
Washington Monument National Memorial, District of Columbia.—Act Aug. 2, 1876, ch. 250, § 1, 19 Stat. 123.
White Cross World War I Memorial, California.—Pub. L. 107–117, div. A, title VIII, § 8137, Jan. 10, 2002, 115 Stat. 2278; Pub. L. 108–87, title VIII, § 8121, Sept. 30, 2003, 117 Stat. 1100.
World War II Memorial, Guam.—Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [div. B, title XXVIII, § 2886], Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1654, 1654A–441, as amended by Pub. L. 107–107, div. B, title XXVIII, § 2868, Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1334.
Wright Brothers National Memorial, North Carolina.—Kill Devil Hill National Monument authorized by act Mar. 2, 1927, ch. 251, 44 Stat. 1264. Name changed to Wright Brothers National Memorial, Dec. 1, 1953.
heading: Albert Einstein Memorial
text: Conveyance of property to National Academy of Sciences for erection and maintenance of a Memorial to Albert Einstein on south side of Square Numbered 88 between 21st Street, 22d Street, and Constitution Avenue, District of Columbia, with reverter of title when no longer used for memorial purposes or public access is restricted, was authorized by Pub. L. 95–625, title VI, § 612, Nov. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 3521, as amended Pub. L. 96–87, title IV, § 401(o), Oct. 12, 1979, 93 Stat. 666.
heading: Study To Add Alaska and Hawaii to Lincoln National Memorial
text: Pub. L. 94–556, Oct. 19, 1976, 90 Stat. 2632, directed Secretary of the Interior to study feasibility of and make recommendations for recognition at an appropriate place at Lincoln National Memorial of the addition to the Union of the States of Alaska and Hawaii, directed that recommendations, after review and approval by Commission of Fine Arts, National Capital Planning Commission, and Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, be submitted to Committees on Interior and Insular Affairs of the Senate and the House of Representatives, and, if neither committee adopted a resolution of disapproval, directed Secretary to carry out recommendations.