dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
16 U.S.C. § 1382 (CONSERVATION)
§ 1382. Regulations and administration
(a) Consultation with Federal agencies
The Secretary, in consultation with any other Federal agency to the extent that such agency may be affected, shall prescribe such regulations as are necessary and appropriate to carry out the purposes of this subchapter.
(b) Cooperation by Federal agencies
Each Federal agency is authorized and directed to cooperate with the Secretary, in such manner as may be mutually agreeable, in carrying out the purposes of this subchapter.
(c) Contracts, leases, and cooperative agreements
The Secretary may enter into such contracts, leases, cooperative agreements, or other transactions as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this subchapter or subchapter V of this chapter and on such terms as he deems appropriate with any Federal or State agency, public or private institution, or other person.
(d) Annual review; suspension of program
The Secretary shall review annually the operation of each program in which the United States participates involving the taking of marine mammals on lands. If at any time the Secretary finds that any such program cannot be administered on lands owned by the United States or in which the United States has an interest in a manner consistent with the purposes of 1 policies of this chapter, he shall suspend the operation of that program and shall include in the annual report to the public and the Congress required under section 1373(f) of this title his reasons for such suspension, together with recommendations for such legislation as he deems necessary and appropriate to resolve the problem.
(e) Measures to alleviate impacts on strategic stocks
If the Secretary determines, based on a stock assessment under section 1386 of this title or other significant new information obtained under this chapter, that impacts on rookeries, mating grounds, or other areas of similar ecological significance to marine mammals may be causing the decline or impeding the recovery of a strategic stock, the Secretary may develop and implement conservation or management measures to alleviate those impacts. Such measures shall be developed and implemented after consultation with the Marine Mammal Commission and the appropriate Federal agencies and after notice and opportunity for public comment.
(Pub. L. 92–522, title I, § 112, Oct. 21, 1972, 86 Stat. 1042; Pub. L. 96–470, title II, § 201(e), Oct. 19, 1980, 94 Stat. 2241; Pub. L. 102–587, title III, § 3004(a)(3), Nov. 4, 1992, 106 Stat. 5067; Pub. L. 103–238, §§ 7(a), 24(c)(11), Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 542, 566.)
heading: Amendments
text: 1994—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 103–238, § 24(c)(11), made technical amendment to reference to subchapter V of this chapter to reflect renumbering of corresponding title of original act.
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 103–238, § 7(a), added subsec. (e).
1992—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 102–587 inserted “or subchapter V of this chapter” after “of this subchapter”.
1980—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 96–470 substituted “include in the annual report to the public and the Congress required under section 1373(f) of this title” for “forthwith submit to Congress”.
16 U.S.C. § 1543 (CONSERVATION)
§ 1543. Construction with Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972
Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, no provision of this chapter shall take precedence over any more restrictive conflicting provision of the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 [16 U.S.C. 1361 et seq.].
(Pub. L. 93–205, § 17, Dec. 28, 1973, 87 Stat. 903.)
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 93–205, Dec. 28, 1973, 81 Stat. 884, known as the Endangered Species Act of 1973, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1531 of this title and Tables.
The Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 92–522, Oct. 21, 1972, 86 Stat. 1027, as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 31 (§ 1361 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1361 of this title and Tables.
16 U.S.C. § 1544 (CONSERVATION)
§ 1544. Annual cost analysis by Fish and Wildlife Service
Notwithstanding section 3003 of Public Law 104–66 (31 U.S.C. 1113 note; 109 Stat. 734), on or before January 15, 1990, and each January 15 thereafter, the Secretary of the Interior, acting through the Fish and Wildlife Service, shall submit to the Congress an annual report covering the preceding fiscal year which shall contain—
(1) an accounting on a species by species basis of all reasonably identifiable Federal expenditures made primarily for the conservation of endangered or threatened species pursuant to this chapter; and
(2) an accounting on a species by species basis of all reasonably identifiable expenditures made primarily for the conservation of endangered or threatened species pursuant to this chapter by States receiving grants under section 1535 of this title.
(Pub. L. 93–205, § 18, as added Pub. L. 100–478, title I, § 1012, Oct. 7, 1988, 102 Stat. 2314; amended Pub. L. 106–201, § 1(a), May 18, 2000, 114 Stat. 307.)
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 93–205, Dec. 28, 1973, 81 Stat. 884, known as the Endangered Species Act of 1973, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1531 of this title and Tables.
heading: Amendments
text: 2000—Pub. L. 106–201, in introductory provisions, substituted “Notwithstanding section 3003 of Public Law 104–66 (31 U.S.C. 1113 note; 109 Stat. 734), on” for “On”.
heading: Effective Date of 2000 Amendment
text: Pub. L. 106–201, § 1(b), May 18, 2000, 114 Stat. 307, provided that:
“The amendment made by this section [amending this section] takes effect on the earlier of—
“(1) the date of enactment of this Act [May 18, 2000]; or
“(2) December 19, 1999.”
(Title 18 Appendix)
§ 1. Definitions
(a) “Classified information”, as used in this Act, means any information or material that has been determined by the United States Government pursuant to an Executive order, statute, or regulation, to require protection against unauthorized disclosure for reasons of national security and any restricted data, as defined in paragraph r. of section 11 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2014(y)).
(b) “National security”, as used in this Act, means the national defense and foreign relations of the United States.
(Pub. L. 96–456, § 1, Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2025.)
(Title 18 Appendix)
§ 2. Pretrial conference
At any time after the filing of the indictment or information, any party may move for a pretrial conference to consider matters relating to classified information that may arise in connection with the prosecution. Following such motion, or on its own motion, the court shall promptly hold a pretrial conference to establish the timing of requests for discovery, the provision of notice required by section 5 of this Act, and the initiation of the procedure established by section 6 of this Act. In addition, at the pretrial conference the court may consider any matters which relate to classified information or which may promote a fair and expeditious trial. No admission made by the defendant or by any attorney for the defendant at such a conference may be used against the defendant unless the admission is in writing and is signed by the defendant and by the attorney for the defendant.
(Pub. L. 96–456, § 2, Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2025.)
(Title 18 Appendix)
§ 4. Discovery of classified information by defendants
The court, upon a sufficient showing, may authorize the United States to delete specified items of classified information from documents to be made available to the defendant through discovery under the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure, to substitute a summary of the information for such classified documents, or to substitute a statement admitting relevant facts that the classified information would tend to prove. The court may permit the United States to make a request for such authorization in the form of a written statement to be inspected by the court alone. If the court enters an order granting relief following such an ex parte showing, the entire text of the statement of the United States shall be sealed and preserved in the records of the court to be made available to the appellate court in the event of an appeal.
(Pub. L. 96–456, § 4, Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2025.)
(Title 18 Appendix)
§ 5. Notice of defendant’s intention to disclose classified information
(a) Notice by Defendant.—
If a defendant reasonably expects to disclose or to cause the disclosure of classified information in any manner in connection with any trial or pretrial proceeding involving the criminal prosecution of such defendant, the defendant shall, within the time specified by the court or, where no time is specified, within thirty days prior to trial, notify the attorney for the United States and the court in writing. Such notice shall include a brief description of the classified information. Whenever a defendant learns of additional classified information he reasonably expects to disclose at any such proceeding, he shall notify the attorney for the United States and the court in writing as soon as possible thereafter and shall include a brief description of the classified information. No defendant shall disclose any information known or believed to be classified in connection with a trial or pretrial proceeding until notice has been given under this subsection and until the United States has been afforded a reasonable opportunity to seek a determination pursuant to the procedure set forth in section 6 of this Act, and until the time for the United States to appeal such determination under section 7 has expired or any appeal under section 7 by the United States is decided.
(b) Failure to Comply.—
If the defendant fails to comply with the requirements of subsection (a) the court may preclude disclosure of any classified information not made the subject of notification and may prohibit the examination by the defendant of any witness with respect to any such information.
(Pub. L. 96–456, § 5, Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2026.)
(Title 18 Appendix)
§ 7. Interlocutory appeal
(a) An interlocutory appeal by the United States taken before or after the defendant has been placed in jeopardy shall lie to a court of appeals from a decision or order of a district court in a criminal case authorizing the disclosure of classified information, imposing sanctions for nondisclosure of classified information, or refusing a protective order sought by the United States to prevent the disclosure of classified information.
(b) An appeal taken pursuant to this section either before or during trial shall be expedited by the court of appeals. Prior to trial, an appeal shall be taken within fourteen days after the decision or order appealed from and the trial shall not commence until the appeal is resolved. If an appeal is taken during trial, the trial court shall adjourn the trial until the appeal is resolved and the court of appeals (1) shall hear argument on such appeal within four days of the adjournment of the trial, excluding intermediate weekends and holidays, (2) may dispense with written briefs other than the supporting materials previously submitted to the trial court, (3) shall render its decision within four days of argument on appeal, excluding intermediate weekends and holidays, and (4) may dispense with the issuance of a written opinion in rendering its decision. Such appeal and decision shall not affect the right of the defendant, in a subsequent appeal from a judgment of conviction, to claim as error reversal by the trial court on remand of a ruling appealed from during trial.
(Pub. L. 96–456, § 7, Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2028; Pub. L. 111–16, § 4, May 7, 2009, 123 Stat. 1608.)
heading: Amendments
text: 2009—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 111–16, § 4(1), substituted “fourteen days” for “ten days”.
Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 111–16, § 4(2), inserted “excluding intermediate weekends and holidays,” after “adjournment of the trial,”.
Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 111–16, § 4(3), inserted “excluding intermediate weekends and holidays,” after “argument on appeal,”.
heading: Effective Date of 2009 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 111–16 effective Dec. 1, 2009, see section 7 of Pub. L. 111–16, set out as a note under section 109 of Title 11, Bankruptcy.
(Title 18 Appendix)
§ 8. Introduction of classified information
(a) Classification Status.—
Writings, recordings, and photographs containing classified information may be admitted into evidence without change in their classification status.
(b) Precautions by Court.—
The court, in order to prevent unnecessary disclosure of classified information involved in any criminal proceeding, may order admission into evidence of only part of a writing, recording, or photograph, or may order admission into evidence of the whole writing, recording, or photograph with excision of some or all of the classified information contained therein, unless the whole ought in fairness be considered.
(c) Taking of Testimony.—
During the examination of a witness in any criminal proceeding, the United States may object to any question or line of inquiry that may require the witness to disclose classified information not previously found to be admissible. Following such an objection, the court shall take such suitable action to determine whether the response is admissible as will safeguard against the compromise of any classified information. Such action may include requiring the United States to provide the court with a proffer of the witness’ response to the question or line of inquiry and requiring the defendant to provide the court with a proffer of the nature of the information he seeks to elicit.
(Pub. L. 96–456, § 8, Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2028.)
(Title 18 Appendix)
§ 9A. Coordination requirements relating to the prosecution of cases involving classified information
(a) Briefings Required.—
The Assistant Attorney General for the Criminal Division or the Assistant Attorney General for National Security, as appropriate, and the appropriate United States attorney, or the designees of such officials, shall provide briefings to the senior agency official, or the designee of such official, with respect to any case involving classified information that originated in the agency of such senior agency official.
(b) Timing of Briefings.—
Briefings under subsection (a) with respect to a case shall occur—
(1) as soon as practicable after the Department of Justice and the United States attorney concerned determine that a prosecution or potential prosecution could result; and
(2) at such other times thereafter as are necessary to keep the senior agency official concerned fully and currently informed of the status of the prosecution.
(c) Senior Agency Official Defined.—
In this section, the term “senior agency official” has the meaning given that term in section 1.1 of Executive Order No. 12958.
(Pub. L. 96–456, § 9A, as added Pub. L. 106–567, title VI, § 607, Dec. 27, 2000, 114 Stat. 2855; amended Pub. L. 109–177, title V, § 506(a)(8), Mar. 9, 2006, 120 Stat. 248.)
heading: References in Text
text: Executive Order No. 12958, referred to in subsec. (c), which was formerly set out as a note under section 435 of Title 50, War and National Defense, was revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13526, § 6.2(g), Dec. 29, 2009, 75 F.R. 731, and was reclassified as a note under section 3161 of this title.
heading: Amendments
text: 2006—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109–177 inserted “or the Assistant Attorney General for National Security, as appropriate,” after “Assistant Attorney General for the Criminal Division”.
(Title 18 Appendix)
§ 10. Identification of information related to the national defense
In any prosecution in which the United States must establish that material relates to the national defense or constitutes classified information, the United States shall notify the defendant, within the time before trial specified by the court, of the portions of the material that it reasonably expects to rely upon to establish the national defense or classified information element of the offense.
(Pub. L. 96–456, § 10, Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2029.)
(Title 18 Appendix)
§ 12. Attorney General guidelines
(a) Within one hundred and eighty days of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall issue guidelines specifying the factors to be used by the Department of Justice in rendering a decision whether to prosecute a violation of Federal law in which, in the judgment of the Attorney General, there is a possibility that classified information will be revealed. Such guidelines shall be transmitted to the appropriate committees of Congress.
(b) When the Department of Justice decides not to prosecute a violation of Federal law pursuant to subsection (a), an appropriate official of the Department of Justice shall prepare written findings detailing the reasons for the decision not to prosecute. The findings shall include—
(1) the intelligence information which the Department of Justice officials believe might be disclosed,
(2) the purpose for which the information might be disclosed,
(3) the probability that the information would be disclosed, and
(4) the possible consequences such disclosure would have on the national security.
(Pub. L. 96–456, § 12, Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2029.)
heading: References in Text
text: The enactment of this Act, referred to in subsec. (a), means Oct. 15, 1980.
(Title 18 Appendix)
§ 13. Reports to Congress
(a) Consistent with applicable authorities and duties, including those conferred by the Constitution upon the executive and legislative branches, the Attorney General shall report orally or in writing semiannually to the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the United States House of Representatives, the Select Committee on Intelligence of the United States Senate, and the chairmen and ranking minority members of the Committees on the Judiciary of the Senate and House of Representatives on all cases where a decision not to prosecute a violation of Federal law pursuant to section 12(a) has been made.
(b) In the case of the semiannual reports (whether oral or written) required to be submitted under subsection (a) to the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate, the submittal dates for such reports shall be as provided in section 507 of the National Security Act of 1947.
(c) The Attorney General shall deliver to the appropriate committees of Congress a report concerning the operation and effectiveness of this Act and including suggested amendments to this Act. For the first three years this Act is in effect, there shall be a report each year. After three years, such reports shall be delivered as necessary.
(Pub. L. 96–456, § 13, Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2030; Pub. L. 107–306, title VIII, § 811(b)(3), Nov. 27, 2002, 116 Stat. 2423.)
heading: References in Text
text: Section 507 of the National Security Act of 1947, referred to in subsec. (b), is classified to section 3106 of Title 50, War and National Defense.
heading: Amendments
text: 2002—Subsecs. (b), (c). Pub. L. 107–306 added subsec. (b) and redesignated former subsec. (b) as (c).
(Title 18 Appendix)
§ 14. Functions of Attorney General may be exercised by Deputy Attorney General, the Associate Attorney General, or a designated Assistant Attorney General
The functions and duties of the Attorney General under this Act may be exercised by the Deputy Attorney General, the Associate Attorney General, or by an Assistant Attorney General designated by the Attorney General for such purpose and may not be delegated to any other official.
(Pub. L. 96–456, § 14, Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2030; Pub. L. 100–690, title VII, § 7020(g), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4396.)
heading: Amendments
text: 1988—Pub. L. 100–690 inserted “, the Associate Attorney General,” after “Deputy Attorney General”.
(Title 18 Appendix)
§ 15. Effective date
The provisions of this Act shall become effective upon the date of the enactment of this Act, but shall not apply to any prosecution in which an indictment or information was filed before such date.
(Pub. L. 96–456, § 15, Oct. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 2030.)
heading: References in Text
text: The date of the enactment of this Act, referred to in text, means Oct. 15, 1980.
19 U.S.C. § 577 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 577. Repealed. Oct. 31, 1951, ch. 655, § 56(d), 65 Stat. 729
text: Section, act Mar. 8, 1902, ch. 140, § 8, 32 Stat. 55, made, “except as otherwise provided by law”, the provisions of subtitle IV of this chapter applicable to all articles coming into the United States from the “Philippine Archipelago”. Prior to this repeal, it had been omitted in view of the independence of the Philippines.
heading: Savings Provision
text: Act Oct. 31, 1951, ch. 655, § 56(l), 65 Stat. 730, provided that the repeal of this section shall not affect any rights or liabilities existing hereunder on the effective date of such repeal [Oct. 31, 1951].
20 U.S.C. § 1068e (EDUCATION)
§ 1068e. Limitations
The funds appropriated under section 1068h of this title may not be used—
(1) for a school or department of divinity or any religious worship or sectarian activity;
(2) for an activity that is inconsistent with a State plan for desegregation of higher education applicable to such institution;
(3) for an activity that is inconsistent with a State plan of higher education applicable to such institution; or
(4) for purposes other than the purposes set forth in the approved application under which the funds were made available to the institution.
(Pub. L. 89–329, title III, § 396, formerly § 357, as added Pub. L. 99–498, title III, § 301(a), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1307; renumbered § 396, Pub. L. 105–244, title III, § 301(a)(2), Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1636; amended Pub. L. 110–315, title III, § 320(6), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3188.)
heading: Codification
text: Section was formerly classified to section 1069c of this title prior to renumbering by Pub. L. 105–244.
heading: Amendments
text: 2008—Pub. L. 110–315 substituted “1068h of this title” for “1069f of this title” in introductory provisions.
20 U.S.C. § 7231c (EDUCATION)
§ 7231c. Eligibility
A local educational agency, or consortium of such agencies where appropriate, is eligible to receive a grant under this part to carry out the purpose of this part if such agency or consortium—
(1) is implementing a plan undertaken pursuant to a final order issued by a court of the United States, or a court of any State, or any other State agency or official of competent jurisdiction, that requires the desegregation of minority-group-segregated children or faculty in the elementary schools and secondary schools of such agency; or
(2) without having been required to do so, has adopted and is implementing, or will, if a grant is awarded to such local educational agency, or consortium of such agencies, under this part, adopt and implement a plan that has been approved by the Secretary as adequate under title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 [42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq.] for the desegregation of minority-group-segregated children or faculty in such schools.
(Pub. L. 89–10, title V, § 5304, as added Pub. L. 107–110, title V, § 501, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1807.)
heading: References in Text
text: The Civil Rights Act of 1964, referred to in par. (2), is Pub. L. 88–352, July 2, 1964, 78 Stat. 241, as amended. Title VI of the Act is classified generally to subchapter V (§ 2000d et seq.) of chapter 21 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 2000a of Title 42 and Tables.
heading: Prior Provisions
text: A prior section 5404, which probably should have been section 5304, of Pub. L. 89–10 was classified to section 7264 of this title, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 107–110.