dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
42 U.S.C. § 16481 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 16481. Commission defined
In this subchapter, the term “Commission” means the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.
(Pub. L. 109–58, title XII, § 1291(a), Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 984.)
heading: References in Text
text: This subchapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this title”, meaning title XII of Pub. L. 109–58, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 941, which enacted this subchapter and sections 824j–1 and 824o to 824w of Title 16, Conservation, amended sections 796, 824, 824a–3, 824b, 824e, 824j, 824m, 825e, 825f, 825l to 825o, 825o–1, 2621, 2622, 2625, 2634, and 2642 of Title 16, repealed chapter 2C (§ 79 et seq.) of Title 15, Commerce and Trade, and sections 824n and 825q of Title 16, and enacted provisions set out as notes under sections 15801 and 16451 of this title and sections 824b, 824o, 824q, and 2642 of Title 16. For complete classification of title XII to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 15801 of this title and Tables.
42 U.S.C. § 16491 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 16491. Energy production incentives
(a) In general
A State may provide to any entity—
(1) a credit against any tax or fee owed to the State under a State law, or
(2) any other tax incentive,
determined by the State to be appropriate, in the amount calculated under and in accordance with a formula determined by the State, for production described in subsection (b) in the State by the entity that receives such credit or such incentive.
(b) Eligible entities
Subsection (a) shall apply with respect to the production in the State of electricity from coal mined in the State and used in a facility, if such production meets all applicable Federal and State laws and if such facility uses scrubbers or other forms of clean coal technology.
(c) Effect on interstate commerce
Any action taken by a State in accordance with this section with respect to a tax or fee payable, or incentive applicable, for any period beginning after August 8, 2005, shall—
(1) be considered to be a reasonable regulation of commerce; and
(2) not be considered to impose an undue burden on interstate commerce or to otherwise impair, restrain, or discriminate, against interstate commerce.
(Pub. L. 109–58, title XIV, § 1402, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 1061.)
42 U.S.C. § 16492 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 16492. Regulation of certain oil used in transformers
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, or rule promulgated by the Environmental Protection Agency, vegetable oil made from soybeans and used in electric transformers as thermal insulation shall not be regulated as an oil identified under section 2720(a)(1)(B) of title 33.
(Pub. L. 109–58, title XIV, § 1403, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 1061.)
42 U.S.C. § 16494 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 16494. Oxygen-fuel
(a) Program
The Secretary shall establish a program on oxygen-fuel systems. If feasible, the program shall include renovation of at least one existing large unit and one existing small unit, and construction of one new large unit and one new small unit.
(b) Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for carrying out this section—
(1) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2006;
(2) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2007; and
(3) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2008.
(c) Definitions
For purposes of this section—
(1) the term “large unit” means a unit with a generating capacity of 100 megawatts or more;
(2) the term “oxygen-fuel systems” means systems that utilize fuel efficiency benefits of oil, gas, coal, and biomass combustion using substantially pure oxygen, with high flame temperatures and the exclusion of air from the boiler, in industrial or electric utility steam generating units; and
(3) the term “small unit” means a unit with a generating capacity in the 10–50 megawatt range.
(Pub. L. 109–58, title XIV, § 1407, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 1064.)
42 U.S.C. § 16502 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 16502. Advanced Biofuel Technologies Program
(a) In general
Subject to the availability of appropriations under subsection (d), the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency shall, in consultation with the Secretary of Agriculture and the Biomass Research and Development Technical Advisory Committee established under section 8605 1 of title 7, establish a program, to be known as the “Advanced Biofuel Technologies Program”, to demonstrate advanced technologies for the production of alternative transportation fuels.
(b) Priority
In carrying out the program under subsection (a), the Administrator shall give priority to projects that enhance the geographical diversity of alternative fuels production and utilize feedstocks that represent 10 percent or less of ethanol or biodiesel fuel production in the United States during the previous fiscal year.
(c) Demonstration projects
(1) In general
As part of the program under subsection (a), the Administrator shall fund demonstration projects—
(A) to develop not less than 4 different conversion technologies for producing cellulosic biomass ethanol; and
(B) to develop not less than 5 technologies for coproducing value-added bioproducts (such as fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides) resulting from the production of biodiesel fuel.
(2) Administration
Demonstration projects under this subsection shall be—
(A) conducted based on a merit-reviewed, competitive process; and
(B) subject to the cost-sharing requirements of section 16352 of this title.
(d) Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $110,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2005 through 2009.
(Pub. L. 109–58, title XV, § 1514, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 1090.)
heading: References in Text
text: Section 8605 of title 7, referred to in subsec. (a), was repealed by Pub. L. 110–246, title IX, § 9001(b), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 2095. Provisions relating to a Biomass Research and Development Technical Advisory Committee are now contained in section 8108(d) of title 7, Agriculture.
42 U.S.C. § 16503 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 16503. Sugar ethanol loan guarantee program
(a) In general
Funds may be provided for the cost (as defined in section 661a of title 2) of loan guarantees issued under title XIV 1 to carry out commercial demonstration projects for ethanol derived from sugarcane, bagasse, and other sugarcane byproducts.
(b) Demonstration projects
The Secretary may issue loan guarantees under this section to projects to demonstrate commercially the feasibility and viability of producing ethanol using sugarcane, sugarcane bagasse, and other sugarcane byproducts as a feedstock.
(c) Requirements
An applicant for a loan guarantee under this section may provide assurances, satisfactory to the Secretary, that—
(1) the project design has been validated through the operation of a continuous process facility;
(2) the project has been subject to a full technical review;
(3) the project, with the loan guarantee, is economically viable; and
(4) there is a reasonable assurance of repayment of the guaranteed loan.
(d) Limitations
(1) Maximum guarantee
Except as provided in paragraph (2), a loan guarantee under this section—
(A) may be issued for up to 80 percent of the estimated cost of a project; but
(B) shall not exceed $50,000,000 for any 1 project.
(2) Additional guarantees
(A) In general
The Secretary may issue additional loan guarantees for a project to cover—
(i) up to 80 percent of the excess of actual project costs; but
(ii) not to exceed 15 percent of the amount of the original loan guarantee.
(B) Principal and interest
Subject to subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall guarantee 100 percent of the principal and interest of a loan guarantee made under subparagraph (A).
(Pub. L. 109–58, title XV, § 1516, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 1091.)
heading: References in Text
text: Title XIV, referred to in subsec. (a), is title XIV of Pub. L. 109–58, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 1061, which enacted subchapter XIII of this chapter and section 13557 of this title.
42 U.S.C. § 16511 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 16511. Definitions
In this subchapter:
(1) Commercial technology
(A) In general
The term “commercial technology” means a technology in general use in the commercial marketplace.
(B) Inclusions
The term “commercial technology” does not include a technology solely by use of the technology in a demonstration project funded by the Department.
(2) Cost
The term “cost” has the meaning given the term “cost of a loan guarantee” within the meaning of section 661a(5)(C) of title 2.
(3) Eligible project
The term “eligible project” means a project described in section 16513 of this title.
(4) Guarantee
(A) In general
The term “guarantee” has the meaning given the term “loan guarantee” in section 661a of title 2.
(B) Inclusion
The term “guarantee” includes a loan guarantee commitment (as defined in section 661a of title 2).
(5) Obligation
The term “obligation” means the loan or other debt obligation that is guaranteed under this section.
(Pub. L. 109–58, title XVII, § 1701, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 1117.)
42 U.S.C. § 16514 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 16514. Authorization of appropriations
(a) In general
There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to provide the cost of guarantees under this subchapter.
(b) Use of other appropriated funds
The Department may use amounts awarded under the Clean Coal Power Initiative to carry out the project described in section 16513(c)(1)(C) of this title, on the request of the recipient of such award, for a loan guarantee, to the extent that the amounts have not yet been disbursed to, or have been repaid by, the recipient.
(Pub. L. 109–58, title XVII, § 1704, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 1122; Pub. L. 109–168, § 1(b)(2), Jan. 10, 2006, 119 Stat. 3580.)
heading: Amendments
text: 2006—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 109–168 substituted “Clean Coal Power Initiative” for “clean coal power initiative under part A of subchapter IV”.
42 U.S.C. § 16516 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 16516. Temporary program for rapid deployment of renewable energy and electric power transmission projects
(a) In general
Notwithstanding section 16513 of this title, the Secretary may make guarantees under this section only for the following categories of projects that commence construction not later than September 30, 2011:
(1) Renewable energy systems, including incremental hydropower, that generate electricity or thermal energy, and facilities that manufacture related components.
(2) Electric power transmission systems, including upgrading and reconductoring projects.
(3) Leading edge biofuel projects that will use technologies performing at the pilot or demonstration scale that the Secretary determines are likely to become commercial technologies and will produce transportation fuels that substantially reduce life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions compared to other transportation fuels.
(b) Factors relating to electric power transmission systems
In determining to make guarantees to projects described in subsection (a)(2), the Secretary may consider the following factors:
(1) The viability of the project without guarantees.
(2) The availability of other Federal and State incentives.
(3) The importance of the project in meeting reliability needs.
(4) The effect of the project in meeting a State or region’s environment (including climate change) and energy goals.
(c) Wage rate requirements
The Secretary shall require that each recipient of support under this section provide reasonable assurance that all laborers and mechanics employed in the performance of the project for which the assistance is provided, including those employed by contractors or subcontractors, will be paid wages at rates not less than those prevailing on similar work in the locality as determined by the Secretary of Labor in accordance with subchapter IV of chapter 31 of part A of subtitle II of title 40 (commonly referred to as the “Davis-Bacon Act”).
(d) Limitation
Funding under this section for projects described in subsection (a)(3) shall not exceed $500,000,000.
(e) Sunset
The authority to enter into guarantees under this section shall expire on September 30, 2011.
(Pub. L. 109–58, title XVII, § 1705, as added Pub. L. 111–5, div. A, title IV, § 406(a), Feb. 17, 2009, 123 Stat. 145.)
42 U.S.C. § 16521 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 16521. Report on energy integration with Latin America
The Secretary shall submit an annual report to the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the United States House of Representatives and to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate concerning the status of energy export development in Latin America and efforts by the Secretary and other departments and agencies of the United States to promote energy integration with Latin America. The report shall contain a detailed analysis of the status of energy export development in Mexico and a description of all significant efforts by the Secretary and other departments and agencies to promote a constructive relationship with Mexico regarding the development of that nation’s energy capacity. In particular this report shall outline efforts the Secretary and other departments and agencies have made to ensure that regulatory approval and oversight of United States/Mexico border projects that result in the expansion of Mexican energy capacity are effectively coordinated across departments and with the Mexican government.
(Pub. L. 109–58, title XVIII, § 1807, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 1124.)
42 U.S.C. § 16522 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 16522. Low-volume gas reservoir study
(a) Study
The Secretary shall make a grant to an organization of oil and gas producing States, specifically those containing significant numbers of marginal oil and natural gas wells, for conducting an annual study of low-volume natural gas reservoirs. Such organization shall work with the State geologist of each State being studied.
(b) Contents
The studies under this section shall—
(1) determine the status and location of marginal wells and gas reservoirs;
(2) gather the production information of these marginal wells and reservoirs;
(3) estimate the remaining producible reserves based on variable pipeline pressures;
(4) locate low-pressure gathering facilities and pipelines;
(5) recommend incentives which will enable the continued production of these resources;
(6) produce maps and literature to disseminate to States to promote conservation of natural gas reserves; and
(7) evaluate the amount of natural gas that is being wasted through the practice of venting or flaring of natural gas produced in association with crude oil well production.
(c) Data analysis
Data development and analysis under this section shall be performed by an institution of higher education with GIS capabilities. If the organization receiving the grant under subsection (a) does not have GIS capabilities, such organization shall contract with one or more entities with—
(1) technological capabilities and resources to perform advanced image processing, GIS programming, and data analysis; and
(2) the ability to—
(A) process remotely sensed imagery with high spatial resolution;
(B) deploy global positioning systems;
(C) process and synthesize existing, variable-format gas well, pipeline, gathering facility, and reservoir data;
(D) create and query GIS databases with infrastructure location and attribute information;
(E) write computer programs to customize relevant GIS software;
(F) generate maps, charts, and graphs which summarize findings from data research for presentation to different audiences; and
(G) deliver data in a variety of formats, including Internet Map Server for query and display, desktop computer display, and access through handheld personal digital assistants.
(d) Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for carrying out this section—
(1) $1,500,000 for fiscal year 2006; and
(2) $450,000 for each of the fiscal years 2007 through 2010.
(e) Definitions
For purposes of this section, the term “GIS” means geographic information systems technology that facilitates the organization and management of data with a geographic component.
(Pub. L. 109–58, title XVIII, § 1808, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 1124.)
42 U.S.C. § 16523 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 16523. Alaska natural gas pipeline
Not later than 180 days after August 8, 2005, and every 180 days thereafter until the Alaska natural gas pipeline commences operation, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission shall submit to Congress a report describing—
(1) the progress made in licensing and constructing the pipeline; and
(2) any issue impeding that progress.
(Pub. L. 109–58, title XVIII, § 1810, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 1126.)
42 U.S.C. § 16524 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 16524. Study on the benefits of economic dispatch
(a) Study
The Secretary, in coordination and consultation with the States, shall conduct a study on—
(1) the procedures currently used by electric utilities to perform economic dispatch;
(2) identifying possible revisions to those procedures to improve the ability of nonutility generation resources to offer their output for sale for the purpose of inclusion in economic dispatch; and
(3) the potential benefits to residential, commercial, and industrial electricity consumers nationally and in each state 1 if economic dispatch procedures were revised to improve the ability of nonutility generation resources to offer their output for inclusion in economic dispatch.
(b) Definition
The term “economic dispatch” when used in this section means the operation of generation facilities to produce energy at the lowest cost to reliably serve consumers, recognizing any operational limits of generation and transmission facilities.
(c) Report to Congress and the States
Not later than 90 days after August 8, 2005, and on a yearly basis following, the Secretary shall submit a report to Congress and the States on the results of the study conducted under subsection (a), including recommendations to Congress and the States for any suggested legislative or regulatory changes.
(Pub. L. 109–58, title XVIII, § 1832, Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 1138.)
42 U.S.C. § 16531 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 16531. Definitions
In this subchapter:
(1) Department
The term “Department” means the Department of Energy.
(2) Institution of higher education
The term “institution of higher education” has the meaning given the term in section 1001(a) of title 20.
(3) National Laboratory
The term “National Laboratory” has the meaning given the term in section 15801 of this title.
(4) Secretary
The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Energy.
(Pub. L. 110–69, title V, § 5002, Aug. 9, 2007, 121 Stat. 600.)
heading: References in Text
text: This subchapter, referred to in introductory provisions, was in the original “this title”, meaning title V of Pub. L. 110–69, Aug. 9, 2007, 121 Stat. 600, known as the Protecting America’s Competitive Edge Through Energy Act and also as the PACE–Energy Act, which is classified principally to this subchapter. For complete classification of this title to the Code, see Short Title of 2007 Amendment note set out under section 15801 of this title and Tables.
heading: Short Title
text: For short title of title V of Pub. L. 110–69, which enacted this subchapter, as the “Protecting America’s Competitive Edge Through Energy Act” or the “PACE–Energy Act”, see section 5001 of Pub. L. 110–69, set out as a note under section 15801 of this title .
42 U.S.C. § 16535 (THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE)
§ 16535. Discovery science and engineering innovation institutes
(a) In general
The Secretary shall establish distributed, multidisciplinary institutes (referred to in this section as “Institutes”) centered at National Laboratories to apply fundamental science and engineering discoveries to technological innovations relating to—
(1) the missions of the Department; and
(2) the global competitiveness of the United States.
(b) Topical areas
The Institutes shall support scientific and engineering research and education activities on critical emerging technologies determined by the Secretary to be essential to global competitiveness, including activities relating to—
(1) sustainable energy technologies;
(2) multiscale materials and processes;
(3) micro- and nano-engineering;
(4) computational and information engineering; and
(5) genomics and proteomics.
(c) Partnerships
In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall establish partnerships between the Institutes and—
(1) institutions of higher education—
(A) to train undergraduate and graduate science and engineering students;
(B) to develop innovative undergraduate and graduate educational curricula; and
(C) to conduct research within the topical areas described in subsection (b); and
(2) private industry to develop innovative technologies within the topical areas described in subsection (b).
(d) Grants
(1) In general
For each fiscal year, the Secretary may select not more than 3 Institutes to receive a grant under this section.
(2) Merit-based selection
The selection of Institutes under paragraph (1) shall be—
(A) merit-based; and
(B) made through an open, competitive selection process.
(3) Term
An Institute shall receive a grant under this section for not more than 3 fiscal years.
(e) Review
The Secretary shall offer to enter into an agreement with the National Academy of Sciences under which the Academy shall, by not later than 3 years after August 9, 2007—
(1) review the performance of the Institutes under this section; and
(2) submit to Congress and the Secretary a report describing the results of the review.
(f) Authorization of appropriations
There is authorized to be appropriated to provide grants to each Institute selected under this section $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 through 2010.
(Pub. L. 110–69, title V, § 5008, Aug. 9, 2007, 121 Stat. 618.)