dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
51 U.S.C. § 70507 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 70507. Technology development
The Administrator shall establish an intra-Directorate long-term technology development program for space and Earth science within the Science Mission Directorate for the development of new technology. The program shall be independent of the flight projects under development. The Administration shall have a goal of funding the intra-Directorate technology development program at a level of 5 percent of the total Science Mission Directorate annual budget. The program shall be structured to include competitively awarded grants and contracts.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3431.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
70507
42 U.S.C. 17741.
Pub. L. 110–422, title V, § 501, Oct. 15, 2008, 122 Stat. 4791.
51 U.S.C. § 70508 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 70508. Robotic or human servicing of spacecraft
The Administrator shall take all necessary steps to ensure that provision is made in the design and construction of all future observatory-class scientific spacecraft intended to be deployed in Earth orbit or at a Lagrangian point in space for robotic or human servicing and repair to the extent practicable and appropriate.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3432.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
70508
42 U.S.C. 17742.
Pub. L. 110–422, title V, § 502, Oct. 15, 2008, 122 Stat. 4791.
51 U.S.C. § 70701 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 70701. Definitions
In this chapter:
(1) Commission.—
The term “Commission” means a Commission established under this chapter.
(2) Incident.—
The term “incident” means either an accident or a deliberate act.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3432.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
70701
42 U.S.C. 16841.
Pub. L. 109–155, title VIII, § 821, Dec. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2941.
51 U.S.C. § 70702 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 70702. Establishment of Commission
(a) Establishment.—
The President shall establish an independent, nonpartisan Commission within the executive branch to investigate any incident that results in the loss of—
(1) a space shuttle;
(2) the International Space Station or its operational viability;
(3) any other United States space vehicle carrying humans that is owned by the Federal Government or that is being used pursuant to a contract with the Federal Government; or
(4) a crew member or passenger of any space vehicle described in this subsection.
(b) Deadline for Establishment.—
The President shall establish a Commission within 7 days after an incident specified in subsection (a).
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3432.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
70702
42 U.S.C. 16842.
Pub. L. 109–155, title VIII, § 822, Dec. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2941.
51 U.S.C. § 70703 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 70703. Tasks of Commission
A Commission established pursuant to this chapter shall, to the extent possible, undertake the following tasks:
(1) Investigation.—
Investigate the incident.
(2) Cause.—
Determine the cause of the incident.
(3) Contributing factors.—
Identify all contributing factors to the cause of the incident.
(4) Recommendations.—
Make recommendations for corrective actions.
(5) Additional findings or recommendations.—
Provide any additional findings or recommendations deemed by the Commission to be important, whether or not they are related to the specific incident under investigation.
(6) Report.—
Prepare a report to Congress, the President, and the public.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3432.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
70703
42 U.S.C. 16843.
Pub. L. 109–155, title VIII, § 823, Dec. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2941.
51 U.S.C. § 70704 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 70704. Composition of Commission
(a) Number of Commissioners.—
A Commission established pursuant to this chapter shall consist of 15 members.
(b) Selection.—
The members of a Commission shall be chosen in the following manner:
(1) Appointment by president.—
The President shall appoint the members, and shall designate the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Commission from among its members.
(2) Lists provided by leaders of congress.—
The majority leader of the Senate, the minority leader of the Senate, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, and the minority leader of the House of Representatives shall each provide to the President a list of candidates for membership on the Commission. The President may select one of the candidates from each of the 4 lists for membership on the Commission.
(3) Prohibition regarding federal officers and employees and members of congress.—
No officer or employee of the Federal Government or Member of Congress shall serve as a member of the Commission.
(4) Prohibition regarding contractors.—
No member of the Commission shall have, or have pending, a contractual relationship with the Administration.
(5) Prohibition regarding conflict of interest.—
The President shall not appoint any individual as a member of a Commission under this section who has a current or former relationship with the Administrator that the President determines would constitute a conflict of interest.
(6) Experience.—
To the extent practicable, the President shall ensure that the members of the Commission include some individuals with experience relative to human carrying spacecraft, as well as some individuals with investigative experience and some individuals with legal experience.
(7) Diversity.—
To the extent practicable, the President shall seek diversity in the membership of the Commission.
(c) Deadline for Appointment.—
All members of a Commission established under this chapter shall be appointed no later than 30 days after the incident.
(d) Initial Meeting.—
A Commission shall meet and begin operations as soon as practicable.
(e) Subsequent Meetings.—
After its initial meeting, a Commission shall meet upon the call of the Chairman or a majority of its members.
(f) Quorum.—
Eight members of a Commission shall constitute a quorum.
(g) Vacancies.—
Any vacancy in a Commission shall not affect its powers, but shall be filled in the same manner in which the original appointment was made.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3433.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
70704(a)
42 U.S.C. 16844(a).
Pub. L. 109–155, title VIII, § 824, Dec. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2942.
70704(b)
42 U.S.C. 16844(b).
70704(c)
42 U.S.C. 16844(c).
70704(d)
42 U.S.C. 16844(d).
70704(e)
42 U.S.C. 16844(e) (1st sentence).
70704(f)
42 U.S.C. 16844(e) (2d sentence).
70704(g)
42 U.S.C. 16844(e) (last sentence).
51 U.S.C. § 70705 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 70705. Powers of Commission
(a) Hearings and Evidence.—
A Commission or, on the authority of the Commission, any subcommittee or member thereof, may, for the purpose of carrying out this chapter—
(1) hold such hearings and sit and act at such times and places, take such testimony, receive such evidence, administer such oaths; and
(2) require, by subpoena or otherwise, the attendance and testimony of such witnesses and the production of such books, records, correspondence, memoranda, papers, and documents,
as the Commission or such designated subcommittee or member may determine advisable.
(b) Contracting.—
A Commission may, to such extent and in such amounts as are provided in appropriation Acts, enter into contracts to enable the Commission to discharge its duties under this chapter.
(c) Information From Federal Agencies.—
(1) In general.—
A Commission may secure directly from any executive department, bureau, agency, board, commission, office, independent establishment, or instrumentality of the Government, information, suggestions, estimates, and statistics for the purposes of this chapter. Each department, bureau, agency, board, commission, office, independent establishment, or instrumentality shall, to the extent authorized by law, furnish such information, suggestions, estimates, and statistics directly to the Commission, upon request made by the Chairman, the chairman of any subcommittee created by a majority of the Commission, or any member designated by a majority of the Commission.
(2) Receipt, handling, storage, and dissemination.—
Information shall only be received, handled, stored, and disseminated by members of the Commission and its staff consistent with all applicable statutes, regulations, and Executive orders.
(d) Assistance From Federal Agencies.—
(1) General services administration.—
The Administrator of General Services shall provide to a Commission on a reimbursable basis administrative support and other services for the performance of the Commission’s tasks.
(2) Other departments and agencies.—
In addition to the assistance prescribed in paragraph (1), departments and agencies of the United States may provide to the Commission such services, funds, facilities, staff, and other support services as they may determine advisable and as may be authorized by law.
(3) Administration engineering and safety center.—
The Administration Engineering and Safety Center shall provide data and technical support as requested by the Commission.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3433.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
70705
42 U.S.C. 16845.
Pub. L. 109–155, title VIII, § 825, Dec. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2942.
51 U.S.C. § 70706 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 70706. Public meetings, information, and hearings
(a) Public Meetings and Release of Public Versions of Reports.—
A Commission shall—
(1) hold public hearings and meetings to the extent appropriate; and
(2) release public versions of the reports required under this chapter.
(b) Public Hearings.—
Any public hearings of a Commission shall be conducted in a manner consistent with the protection of information provided to or developed for or by the Commission as required by any applicable statute, regulation, or Executive order.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3434.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
70706
42 U.S.C. 16846.
Pub. L. 109–155, title VIII, § 826, Dec. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2943.
51 U.S.C. § 70707 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 70707. Staff of Commission
(a) Appointment and Compensation.—
The Chairman, in consultation with the Vice Chairman, in accordance with rules agreed upon by a Commission, may appoint and fix the compensation of a staff director and such other personnel as may be necessary to enable the Commission to carry out its functions.
(b) Detailees.—
Any Federal Government employee, except for an employee of the Administration, may be detailed to a Commission without reimbursement from the Commission, and such detailee shall retain the rights, status, and privileges of his or her regular employment without interruption.
(c) Consultant Services.—
A Commission may procure the services of experts and consultants in accordance with section 3109 of title 5, but at rates not to exceed the daily equivalent of the annual rate of basic pay in effect for positions at level IV of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of title 5. An expert or consultant whose services are procured under this subsection shall disclose any contract or association the expert or consultant has with the Administration or any Administration contractor.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3435.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
70707
42 U.S.C. 16847.
Pub. L. 109–155, title VIII, § 827, Dec. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2943.
In subsection (c), in the 1st sentence, the words “the daily equivalent of the annual rate of basic pay in effect for positions at level IV of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of title 5” are substituted for “the daily rate paid a person occupying a position at level IV of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of title 5” for consistency in title 51.
In subsection (c), in the last sentence, the words “the expert or consultant” are substituted for “it” for clarity.
51 U.S.C. § 70708 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 70708. Compensation and travel expenses
(a) Compensation.—
Each member of a Commission may be compensated at a rate not to exceed the daily equivalent of the annual rate of basic pay in effect for positions at level IV of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of title 5 for each day during which that member is engaged in the actual performance of the duties of the Commission.
(b) Travel Expenses.—
While away from their homes or regular places of business in the performance of services for the Commission, members of a Commission shall be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, in the same manner as persons employed intermittently in the Government service are allowed expenses under section 5703 of title 5.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3435.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
70708
42 U.S.C. 16848.
Pub. L. 109–155, title VIII, § 828, Dec. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2944.
In subsection (a), the words “at a rate not to exceed the daily equivalent of the annual rate” for “at not to exceed the daily equivalent of the annual rate” for consistency in title 51.
In subsection (b), the words “section 5703 of title 5” are substituted for “section 5703(b) of title 5” to correct an error in the law. Section 5703 of title 5, United States Code, does not contain a subsection (b).
51 U.S.C. § 70709 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 70709. Security clearances for Commission members and staff
The appropriate Federal agencies or departments shall cooperate with a Commission in expeditiously providing to the Commission members and staff appropriate security clearances to the extent possible pursuant to existing procedures and requirements. No person shall be provided with access to classified information under this chapter without the appropriate security clearances.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3435.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
70709
42 U.S.C. 16849.
Pub. L. 109–155, title VIII, § 829, Dec. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2944.
51 U.S.C. § 70710 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 70710. Reporting requirements and termination
(a) Interim Reports.—
A Commission may submit to the President and Congress interim reports containing such findings, conclusions, and recommendations for corrective actions as have been agreed to by a majority of Commission members.
(b) Final Report.—
A Commission shall submit to the President and Congress, and make concurrently available to the public, a final report containing such findings, conclusions, and recommendations for corrective actions as have been agreed to by a majority of Commission members. Such report shall include any minority views or opinions not reflected in the majority report.
(c) Termination.—
(1) In general.—
A Commission, and all the authorities of this chapter with respect to that Commission, shall terminate 60 days after the date on which the final report is submitted under subsection (b).
(2) Administrative activities before termination.—
A Commission may use the 60-day period referred to in paragraph (1) for the purpose of concluding its activities, including providing testimony to committees of Congress concerning its reports and disseminating the final report.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3436.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
70710
42 U.S.C. 16850.
Pub. L. 109–155, title VIII, § 830, Dec. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2944.
51 U.S.C. § 70902 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 70902. Allocation of International Space Station research budget
The Administrator shall allocate at least 15 percent of the funds budgeted for International Space Station research to ground-based, free-flyer, and International Space Station life and microgravity science research that is not directly related to supporting the human exploration program, consistent with section 40904 of this title.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3436.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
70902
42 U.S.C. 16633.
Pub. L. 109–155, title II, § 204, Dec. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2916.
The words “Beginning with fiscal year 2006”, which appeared at the beginning of this section, are omitted as obsolete.
51 U.S.C. § 70903 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 70903. International Space Station research
The Administrator shall—
(1) carry out a program of microgravity research consistent with section 40904 of this title; and
(2) consider the need for a life sciences centrifuge and any associated holding facilities.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3436.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
70903
42 U.S.C. 16766(1), (2).
Pub. L. 109–155, title V, § 506(1), (2), Dec. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2930.
51 U.S.C. § 70905 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 70905. National laboratory designation
(a) Definition of United States Segment of the International Space Station.—
In this section the term “United States segment of the International Space Station” means those elements of the International Space Station manufactured—
(1) by the United States; or
(2) for the United States by other nations in exchange for funds or launch services.
(b) Designation.—
To further the policy described in section 70501(a) of this title, the United States segment of the International Space Station is hereby designated a national laboratory.
(c) Management.—
(1) Partnerships.—
The Administrator shall seek to increase the utilization of the International Space Station by other Federal entities and the private sector through partnerships, cost-sharing agreements, and other arrangements that would supplement Administration funding of the International Space Station.
(2) Contracting.—
The Administrator may enter into a contract with a nongovernmental entity to operate the International Space Station national laboratory, subject to all applicable Federal laws and regulations.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3437.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
70905(a)
42 U.S.C. 16767(d).
Pub. L. 109–155, title V, § 507(a), (b), (d), Dec. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2930, 2931.
70905(b)
42 U.S.C. 16767(a).
70905(c)
42 U.S.C. 16767(b).
51 U.S.C. § 70906 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 70906. International Space Station National Laboratory Advisory Committee
(a) Establishment.—
Not later than one year after October 15, 2008, the Administrator shall establish under the Federal Advisory Committee Act a committee to be known as the “International Space Station National Laboratory Advisory Committee” (hereafter in this section referred to as the “Committee”).
(b) Membership.—
(1) Composition.—
The Committee shall be composed of individuals representing organizations that have formal agreements with the Administration to utilize the United States portion of the International Space Station, including allocations within partner elements.
(2) Chair.—
The Administrator shall appoint a chair from among the members of the Committee, who shall serve for a 2-year term.
(c) Duties of the Committee.—
(1) In general.—
The Committee shall monitor, assess, and make recommendations regarding effective utilization of the International Space Station as a national laboratory and platform for research.
(2) Annual report.—
The Committee shall submit to the Administrator, on an annual basis or more frequently as considered necessary by a majority of the members of the Committee, a report containing the assessments and recommendations required by paragraph (1).
(d) Duration.—
The Committee shall exist for the life of the International Space Station.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3438.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
70906
42 U.S.C. 17752.
Pub. L. 110–422, title VI, § 602, Oct. 15, 2008, 122 Stat. 4795.
In subsection (a), the date “October 15, 2008” is substituted for “the date of enactment of this Act” to reflect the date of enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 (Public Law 110–422, 122 Stat. 4779).
heading: References in Text
text: The Federal Advisory Committee Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is Pub. L. 92–463, Oct. 6, 1972, 86 Stat. 770, which is set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
51 U.S.C. § 70907 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 70907. Maintaining use through at least 2020
The Administrator shall take all necessary steps to ensure that the International Space Station remains a viable and productive facility capable of potential United States utilization through at least 2020 and shall take no steps that would preclude its continued operation and utilization by the United States after 2015.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3438.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
70907
42 U.S.C. 17751(a).
Pub. L. 110–422, title VI, § 601(a), Oct. 15, 2008, 122 Stat. 4793.
51 U.S.C. § 71101 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 71101. Reaffirmation of policy
Congress reaffirms the policy set forth in section 20102(g) of this title (relating to surveying near-Earth asteroids and comets).
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3439.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
71101
42 U.S.C. 17791(a).
Pub. L. 110–422, title VIII, § 801(a), Oct. 15, 2008, 122 Stat. 4803.
heading: Findings
text: Pub. L. 110–422, title VIII, § 802, Oct. 15, 2008, 122 Stat. 4803, provided that:
“Congress makes the following findings:
“(1) Near-Earth objects pose a serious and credible threat to humankind, as many scientists believe that a major asteroid or comet was responsible for the mass extinction of the majority of the Earth’s species, including the dinosaurs, nearly 65,000,000 years ago.
“(2) Several such near-Earth objects have only been discovered within days of the objects’ closest approach to Earth and recent discoveries of such large objects indicate that many large near-Earth objects remain undiscovered.
“(3) Asteroid and comet collisions rank as one of the most costly natural disasters that can occur.
“(4) The time needed to eliminate or mitigate the threat of a collision of a potentially hazardous near-Earth object with Earth is measured in decades.
“(5) Unlike earthquakes and hurricanes, asteroids and comets can provide adequate collision information, enabling the United States to include both asteroid-collision and comet-collision disaster recovery and disaster avoidance in its public-safety structure.
“(6) Basic information is needed for technical and policy decisionmaking for the United States to create a comprehensive program in order to be ready to eliminate and mitigate the serious and credible threats to humankind posed by potentially hazardous near-Earth asteroids and comets.
“(7) As a first step to eliminate and to mitigate the risk of such collisions, situation and decision analysis processes, as well as procedures and system resources, must be in place well before a collision threat becomes known.”