46 U.S.C. § 14301 (SHIPPING)
§ 14301. Application
(a) Except as otherwise provided in this section, this chapter applies to any vessel for which the application of an international agreement or other law of the United States to the vessel depends on the vessel’s tonnage.
(b) This chapter does not apply to the following:
(1) a vessel of war, unless the government of the country to which the vessel belongs elects to measure the vessel under this chapter.
(2) a vessel of less than 24 meters (79 feet) overall in length.
(3) a vessel of United States or Canadian registry or nationality, or a vessel operated under the authority of the United States or Canada, and that is operating only on the Great Lakes, unless the owner requests.
(4) a vessel of United States registry or nationality, or one operated under the authority of the United States (except a vessel that engages on a foreign voyage) the keel of which was laid or that was at a similar stage of construction before January 1, 1986, unless—
(A) the owner requests; or
(B) the vessel undergoes a change that the Secretary finds substantially affects the vessel’s gross tonnage.
(5) a barge of United States registry or nationality, or a barge operated under the authority of the United States (except a barge that engages on a foreign voyage) unless the owner requests.
(c) An existing vessel that has not undergone a change that the Secretary finds substantially affects the vessel’s gross tonnage (or a vessel to which IMO Resolutions A.494 (XII) of November 19, 1981, A.540 (XIII) of November 17, 1983, or A.541 (XIII) of November 17, 1983, apply) may retain its tonnages existing on July 18, 1994, for the application of relevant requirements under international agreements (except the Convention) and other laws of the United States. However, if the vessel undergoes a change substantially affecting its tonnage after July 18, 1994, the vessel shall be remeasured under this chapter.
(d) This chapter does not affect an international agreement to which the United States Government is a party that is not in conflict with the Convention or the application of IMO Resolutions A.494 (XII) of November 19, 1981, A.540 (XIII) of November 17, 1983, and A.541 (XIII) of November 17, 1983.
(Pub. L. 99–509, title V, § 5101(3), Oct. 21, 1986, 100 Stat. 1920; Pub. L. 101–595, title III, § 305, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 2985; Pub. L. 111–281, title III, § 303(c), Oct. 15, 2010, 124 Stat. 2924.)
heading: Historical and Revision Notes
text: Revised section 14301
Source: International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships.
Section 14301 delineates which vessels must be measured in compliance with the standards of the Convention.
Section 14301(a) provides that a vessel must be measured under the standards of the Convention if it is documented or required by law to be documented under chapter 121 of this subtitle or if it is engaged on a foreign voyage, unless the vessel is specifically exempted under section 14301(b).
Section 14301(b) provides the following exemptions from the requirement in section 14301(a) to be measured under the Convention:
1. A vessel of war;
2. A vessel of less than 24 meters (79 feet) overall in length (“overall in length” is defined in section 2101);
3. A vessel that operates only on the Great Lakes (although the owner may request that it be measured under the Convention);
4. A vessel whose keel was laid or was at a similar stage of construction before January 1, 1986, and is on a domestic voyage, unless the vessel undergoes a change that significantly changes its tonnage or the owner requests that the vessel be measured under the Convention; and
5. A vessel whose keel was laid or was at a similar stage of construction before July 18, 1982, unless the vessel undergoes a change that significantly changes the vessel’s tonnage or the owner requests that the vessel be measured under the Convention.
Together, subsections (b)(4) and (5) provide that, unless the owner requests measurement under the Convention, unaltered vessels built before 1986 engaging only on domestic voyages do not have to be measured under the Convention or use Convention measurement for the application of any domestic laws. Further, these subsections provide that unaltered vessels that are built before July 18, 1982, engaging on foreign voyages do not have to be measured under the Convention until 1994 and are not required to use Convention measurement as a basis for the application of any domestic laws.
Section 14301(c) provides that if a vessel owner requests that the vessel be measured under the Convention, the vessel may only be remeasured under the Convention.
Section 14301(d) provides that after July 18, 1994, a vessel whose keel was laid or was at a similar stage of construction before July 18, 1982 may retain its regulatory tonnage for the application of requirements under U.S. laws or international agreements, except the International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships. However, if the vessel was not required to be measured under the Convention, but the vessel’s owner requested that the vessel be measured under the Convention system before July 19, 1994, or if the vessel undergoes a change affecting its tonnage, the vessel may not use its regulatory tonnage for the application of U.S. laws or international agreements after July 19, 1994.
Section 14301(e) provides that this chapter does not affect any international agreement to which the United States is a party that is not in conflict with the International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships, 1969. It further provides that this chapter does not affect the application of the three interim schemes of the International Maritime Organization, which are discussed under section 14305 below.
heading: Amendments
text: 2010—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 111–281, § 303(c)(1), amended subsec. (a) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (a) read as follows: “Except as otherwise provided in this section, this chapter applies to the following:
“(1) a documented vessel.
“(2) a vessel that is to be documented under chapter 121 of this title.
“(3) a vessel engaged on a foreign voyage.”
Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 111–281, § 303(c)(2)(A), substituted “, unless the government of the country to which the vessel belongs elects to measure the vessel under this chapter.” for period at end.
Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 111–281, § 303(c)(2)(B), inserted “of United States or Canadian registry or nationality, or a vessel operated under the authority of the United States or Canada, and that is” after “a vessel”.
Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 111–281, § 303(c)(2)(C), substituted “a vessel of United States registry or nationality, or one operated under the authority of the United States (except a vessel that engages” for “a vessel (except a vessel engaged”.
Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 111–281, § 303(c)(2)(F), amended par. (5) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (5) read as follows: “a barge (except a barge engaged on a foreign voyage) unless the owner requests.”
Pub. L. 111–281, § 303(c)(2)(D), (E), redesignated par. (6) as (5) and struck out former par. (5) which read as follows: “before July 19, 1994, an existing vessel unless—
“(A) the owner requests; or
“(B) the vessel undergoes a change that the Secretary finds substantially affects the vessel’s gross tonnage.”
Subsec. (b)(6). Pub. L. 111–281, § 303(c)(2)(E), redesignated par. (6) as (5). Former par. (5) struck out.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 111–281, § 303(c)(5), substituted “An existing vessel that has not undergone a change that the Secretary finds substantially affects the vessel’s gross tonnage (or a vessel to which IMO Resolutions A.494 (XII) of November 19, 1981, A.540 (XIII) of November 17, 1983, or A.541 (XIII) of November 17, 1983, apply)” for “After July 18, 1994, an existing vessel (except an existing vessel referred to in subsection (b)(5)(A) or (B) of this section)”.
Pub. L. 111–281, § 303(c)(3), (4), redesignated subsec. (d) as (c) and struck out former subsec. (c) which read as follows: “A vessel made subject to this chapter at the request of the owner may be remeasured only as provided by this chapter.”
Subsecs. (d), (e). Pub. L. 111–281, § 303(c)(4), redesignated subsec. (e) as (d). Former subsec. (d) redesignated (c).
1990—Subsec. (b)(6). Pub. L. 101–595 added par. (6).
heading: Report to Congress
text: Pub. L. 99–509, title V, § 5103(g), Oct. 21, 1986, 100 Stat. 1927, provided that:
“The Secretary of Transportation shall—
“(1) before July 19, 1990, submit to Congress—
“(A) a study of—
“(i) the impact of applying vessel tonnage determined under chapter 143 of title 46 (as enacted by section 5101 of this subtitle), United States Code, in laws of the United States that contain provisions based on tonnage, including an analysis of the number and types of vessels that would become subject to additional laws or more stringent requirements because of that application; and
“(ii) the extent to which the tonnage thresholds in laws of the United States whose application is based on tonnage would have to be raised so that additional vessels would not become subject to those laws if their application is based on tonnage determined under chapter 143; and
“(B) a recommendation of the levels to which the tonnage thresholds in laws of the United States whose application is based on tonnage should be raised if a complete conversion to the International Convention measurement system under chapter 143 is made;
“(2) in conducting the study under clause (1) of this subsection, consult with representatives of the private sector having experience with the operation of vessels likely to be affected by laws of the United States whose application is based on tonnage; and
“(3) before July 19, 1988, submit to Congress an interim progress report on the study conducted under clause (1) of this subsection.”