dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
51 U.S.C. § 60134 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 60134. Preference for private sector land remote sensing system
(a) In General.—
If a successor land remote sensing system to Landsat 7 can be funded and managed by the private sector while still achieving the goals stated in subsection (b) without jeopardizing the domestic, national security, and foreign policy interests of the United States, preference should be given to the development of such a system by the private sector without competition from the United States Government.
(b) Goals.—
The goals referred to in subsection (a) are—
(1) to encourage the development, launch, and operation of a land remote sensing system that adequately serves the civilian, national security, commercial, and foreign policy interests of the United States;
(2) to encourage the development, launch, and operation of a land remote sensing system that maintains data continuity with the Landsat system; and
(3) to incorporate system enhancements, including any such enhancements developed under the technology demonstration program under section 60133 of this title, which may potentially yield a system that is less expensive to build and operate, and more responsive to data users, than is the Landsat system otherwise projected to be in operation in the future.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3418.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
60134(a)
15 U.S.C. 5641(c).
Pub. L. 102–555, title IV, § 401(b), (c), Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4176.
60134(b)
15 U.S.C. 5641(b).
In subsection (b), in the matter before paragraph (1), the words “In carrying out subsection (a), the Landsat Program Management shall consider the ability of each of the options to” are omitted as obsolete. The omitted words refer to section 401(a) of the Land Remote Sensing Policy Act of 1992 (15 U.S.C. 5641(a)), which required, within 5 years after October 28, 1992, the Landsat Program Management, in consultation with representatives of appropriate United States Government agencies, to assess and report to Congress on options for a successor land remote sensing system to Landsat 7.
In subsection (b)(3), the words “otherwise projected to be in operation in the future” are substituted for “projected to be in operation through the year 2000” to eliminate obsolete language.
51 U.S.C. § 60141 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 60141. Nondiscriminatory data availability
(a) In General.—
Except as provided in subsection (b), any unenhanced data generated by the Landsat system or any other land remote sensing system funded and owned by the United States Government shall be made available to all users without preference, bias, or any other special arrangement (except on the basis of national security concerns pursuant to section 60146 of this title) regarding delivery, format, pricing, or technical considerations which would favor one customer or class of customers over another.
(b) Exceptions.—
Unenhanced data generated by the Landsat system or any other land remote sensing system funded and owned by the United States Government may be made available to the United States Government and its affiliated users at reduced prices, in accordance with this chapter, on the condition that such unenhanced data are used solely for noncommercial purposes.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3419.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
60141
15 U.S.C. 5651.
Pub. L. 102–555, title V, § 501, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4176.
51 U.S.C. § 60142 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 60142. Archiving of data
(a) Public Interest.—
It is in the public interest for the United States Government to—
(1) maintain an archive of land remote sensing data for historical, scientific, and technical purposes, including long-term global environmental monitoring;
(2) control the content and scope of the archive; and
(3) ensure the quality, integrity, and continuity of the archive.
(b) Archiving Practices.—
The Secretary of the Interior, in consultation with the Landsat Program Management, shall provide for long-term storage, maintenance, and upgrading of a basic, global, land remote sensing data set (hereafter in this section referred to as the “basic data set”) and shall follow reasonable archival practices to ensure proper storage and preservation of the basic data set and timely access for parties requesting data.
(c) Determination of Content of Basic Data Set.—
In determining the initial content of, or in upgrading, the basic data set, the Secretary of the Interior shall—
(1) use as a baseline the data archived on October 28, 1992;
(2) take into account future technical and scientific developments and needs, paying particular attention to the anticipated data requirements of global environmental change research;
(3) consult with and seek the advice of users and producers of remote sensing data and data products;
(4) consider the need for data which may be duplicative in terms of geographical coverage but which differ in terms of season, spectral bands, resolution, or other relevant factors;
(5) include, as the Secretary of the Interior considers appropriate, unenhanced data generated either by the Landsat system, pursuant to subchapter II, or by licensees under subchapter III;
(6) include, as the Secretary of the Interior considers appropriate, data collected by foreign ground stations or by foreign remote sensing space systems; and
(7) ensure that the content of the archive is developed in accordance with section 60146 of this title.
(d) Public Domain.—
After the expiration of any exclusive right to sell, or after relinquishment of such right, the data provided to the National Satellite Land Remote Sensing Data Archive shall be in the public domain and shall be made available to requesting parties by the Secretary of the Interior at the cost of fulfilling user requests.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3419.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
60142
15 U.S.C. 5652.
Pub. L. 102–555, title V, § 502, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4176.
In subsection (b), the words “hereafter in this section” are substituted for “hereinafter” for clarity.
In subsection (c), in the matter before paragraph (1), the words “of the Interior” are substituted for “of Interior” to correct an error in the law.
In subsection (c)(1), the date “October 28, 1992” is substituted for “the date of enactment of this Act” to reflect the date of enactment of the Land Remote Sensing Policy Act of 1992 (Public Law 102–555, 106 Stat. 4163).
51 U.S.C. § 60143 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 60143. Nonreproduction
Unenhanced data distributed by any licensee under subchapter III may be sold on the condition that such data will not be reproduced or disseminated by the purchaser for commercial purposes.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3420.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
60143
15 U.S.C. 5653.
Pub. L. 102–555, title V, § 503, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4177.
51 U.S.C. § 60144 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 60144. Reimbursement for assistance
The Administrator, the Secretary of Defense, and the heads of other United States Government agencies may provide assistance to land remote sensing system operators under the provisions of this chapter. Substantial assistance shall be reimbursed by the operator, except as otherwise provided by law.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3420.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
60144
15 U.S.C. 5654.
Pub. L. 102–555, title V, § 504, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4177.
51 U.S.C. § 60145 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 60145. Acquisition of equipment
The Landsat Program Management may, by means of a competitive process, allow a licensee under subchapter III or any other private party to buy, lease, or otherwise acquire the use of equipment from the Landsat system, when such equipment is no longer needed for the operation of such system or for the sale of data from such system. Officials of other United States Government civilian agencies are authorized and encouraged to cooperate with the Secretary in carrying out this section.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3420.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
60145
15 U.S.C. 5655.
Pub. L. 102–555, title V, § 505, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4177.
51 U.S.C. § 60146 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 60146. Radio frequency allocation
(a) Application to Federal Communications Commission.—
To the extent required by the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 151 et seq.), an application shall be filed with the Federal Communications Commission for any radio facilities involved with commercial remote sensing space systems licensed under subchapter III.
(b) Deadline for FCC Action.—
It is the intent of Congress that the Federal Communications Commission complete the radio licensing process under the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 151 et seq.), upon the application of any private sector party or consortium operator of any commercial land remote sensing space system subject to this chapter, within 120 days of the receipt of an application for such licensing. If final action has not occurred within 120 days of the receipt of such an application, the Federal Communications Commission shall inform the applicant of any pending issues and of actions required to resolve them.
(c) Development and Construction of United States Systems.—
Authority shall not be required from the Federal Communications Commission for the development and construction of any United States land remote sensing space system (or component thereof), other than radio transmitting facilities or components, while any licensing determination is being made.
(d) Consistency With International Obligations and Public Interest.—
Frequency allocations made pursuant to this section by the Federal Communications Commission shall be consistent with international obligations and with the public interest.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3420.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
60146
15 U.S.C. 5656.
Pub. L. 102–555, title V, § 506, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4177.
heading: References in Text
text: The Communications Act of 1934, referred to in subsecs. (a) and (b), is act June 19, 1934, ch. 652, 48 Stat. 1064, which is classified principally to chapter 5 (§ 151 et seq.) of Title 47, Telecommunications. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 609 of Title 47 and Tables.
51 U.S.C. § 60147 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 60147. Consultation
(a) Consultation With Secretary of Defense.—
The Secretary and the Landsat Program Management shall consult with the Secretary of Defense on all matters under this chapter affecting national security. The Secretary of Defense shall be responsible for determining those conditions, consistent with this chapter, necessary to meet national security concerns of the United States and for notifying the Secretary and the Landsat Program Management promptly of such conditions.
(b) Consultation With Secretary of State.—
(1) In general.—
The Secretary and the Landsat Program Management shall consult with the Secretary of State on all matters under this chapter affecting international obligations. The Secretary of State shall be responsible for determining those conditions, consistent with this chapter, necessary to meet international obligations and policies of the United States and for notifying promptly the Secretary and the Landsat Program Management of such conditions.
(2) International aid.—
Appropriate United States Government agencies are authorized and encouraged to provide remote sensing data, technology, and training to developing nations as a component of programs of international aid.
(3) Reporting discriminatory distribution.—
The Secretary of State shall promptly report to the Secretary and Landsat Program Management any instances outside the United States of discriminatory distribution of Landsat data.
(c) Status Report.—
The Landsat Program Management shall, as often as necessary, provide to Congress complete and updated information about the status of ongoing operations of the Landsat system, including timely notification of decisions made with respect to the Landsat system in order to meet national security concerns and international obligations and policies of the United States Government.
(d) Reimbursements.—
If, as a result of technical modifications imposed on a licensee under subchapter III on the basis of national security concerns, the Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense or with other Federal agencies, determines that additional costs will be incurred by the licensee, or that past development costs (including the cost of capital) will not be recovered by the licensee, the Secretary may require the agency or agencies requesting such technical modifications to reimburse the licensee for such additional or development costs, but not for anticipated profits. Reimbursements may cover costs associated with required changes in system performance, but not costs ordinarily associated with doing business abroad.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3421.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
60147
15 U.S.C. 5657.
Pub. L. 102–555, title V, § 507, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4178.
51 U.S.C. § 60148 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 60148. Enforcement
(a) In General.—
In order to ensure that unenhanced data from the Landsat system received solely for noncommercial purposes are not used for any commercial purpose, the Secretary (in collaboration with private sector entities responsible for the marketing and distribution of unenhanced data generated by the Landsat system) shall develop and implement a system for enforcing this prohibition, in the event that unenhanced data from the Landsat system are made available for noncommercial purposes at a different price than such data are made available for other purposes.
(b) Authority of Secretary.—
Subject to subsection (d), the Secretary may impose any of the enforcement mechanisms described in subsection (c) against a person that—
(1) receives unenhanced data from the Landsat system under this chapter solely for noncommercial purposes (and at a different price than the price at which such data are made available for other purposes); and
(2) uses such data for other than noncommercial purposes.
(c) Enforcement Mechanisms.—
Enforcement mechanisms referred to in subsection (b) may include civil penalties of not more than $10,000 (per day per violation), denial of further unenhanced data purchasing privileges, and any other penalties or restrictions the Secretary considers necessary to ensure, to the greatest extent practicable, that unenhanced data provided for noncommercial purposes are not used to unfairly compete in the commercial market against private sector entities not eligible for data at the cost of fulfilling user requests.
(d) Procedures and Regulations.—
The Secretary shall issue any regulations necessary to carry out this section and shall establish standards and procedures governing the imposition of enforcement mechanisms under subsection (b). The standards and procedures shall include a procedure for potentially aggrieved parties to file formal protests with the Secretary alleging instances where such unenhanced data have been, or are being, used for commercial purposes in violation of the terms of receipt of such data. The Secretary shall promptly act to investigate any such protest, and shall report annually to Congress on instances of such violations.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3421.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
60148
15 U.S.C. 5658.
Pub. L. 102–555, title V, § 508, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4179.
In subsection (d), in the second sentence, the words “have been, or are being” are substituted for “has been, or is being” to correct an error in the law.
51 U.S.C. § 60161 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 60161. Prohibition
Neither the President nor any other official of the Government shall make any effort to lease, sell, or transfer to the private sector, or commercialize, any portion of the weather satellite systems operated by the Department of Commerce or any successor agency.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3422.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
60161
15 U.S.C. 5671.
Pub. L. 102–555, title VI, § 601, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4179.
51 U.S.C. § 60162 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 60162. Future considerations
Regardless of any change in circumstances subsequent to October 28, 1992, even if such change makes it appear to be in the national interest to commercialize weather satellites, neither the President nor any official shall take any action prohibited by section 60161 of this title unless this subchapter has first been repealed.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3422.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
60162
15 U.S.C. 5672.
Pub. L. 102–555, title VI, § 602, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4180.
The date “October 28, 1992” is substituted for “the enactment of this Act” to reflect the date of enactment of the Land Remote Sensing Policy Act of 1992 (Public Law 102–555, 106 Stat. 4163).
51 U.S.C. § 60301 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 60301. Definitions
In this chapter:
(1) Geospatial information.—
The term “geospatial information” means knowledge of the nature and distribution of physical and cultural features on the landscape based on analysis of data from airborne or spaceborne platforms or other types and sources of data.
(2) High resolution.—
The term “high resolution” means resolution better than five meters.
(3) Institution of higher education.—
The term “institution of higher education” has the meaning given the term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)).
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3423.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
60301
42 U.S.C. 16671.
Pub. L. 109–155, title III, § 311, Dec. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2920.
51 U.S.C. § 60302 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 60302. General responsibilities
The Administrator shall—
(1) develop a sustained relationship with the United States commercial remote sensing industry and, consistent with applicable policies and law, to the maximum practicable, rely on their services; and
(2) in conjunction with United States industry and universities, research, develop, and demonstrate prototype Earth science applications to enhance Federal, State, local, and tribal governments’ use of government and commercial remote sensing data, technologies, and other sources of geospatial information for improved decision support to address their needs.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3423.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
60302
42 U.S.C. 16672.
Pub. L. 109–155, title III, § 312, Dec. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2920.
51 U.S.C. § 60303 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 60303. Pilot projects to encourage public sector applications
(a) In General.—
The Administrator shall establish a program of grants for competitively awarded pilot projects to explore the integrated use of sources of remote sensing and other geospatial information to address State, local, regional, and tribal agency needs.
(b) Preferred Projects.—
In awarding grants under this section, the Administrator shall give preference to projects that—
(1) make use of commercial data sets, including high resolution commercial satellite imagery and derived satellite data products, existing public data sets where commercial data sets are not available or applicable, or the fusion of such data sets;
(2) integrate multiple sources of geospatial information, such as geographic information system data, satellite-provided positioning data, and remotely sensed data, in innovative ways;
(3) include funds or in-kind contributions from non-Federal sources;
(4) involve the participation of commercial entities that process raw or lightly processed data, often merging that data with other geospatial information, to create data products that have significant value added to the original data; and
(5) taken together demonstrate as diverse a set of public sector applications as possible.
(c) Opportunities.—
In carrying out this section, the Administrator shall seek opportunities to assist—
(1) in the development of commercial applications potentially available from the remote sensing industry; and
(2) State, local, regional, and tribal agencies in applying remote sensing and other geospatial information technologies for growth management.
(d) Duration.—
Assistance for a pilot project under subsection (a) shall be provided for a period not to exceed 3 years.
(e) Report.—
Each recipient of a grant under subsection (a) shall transmit a report to the Administrator on the results of the pilot project within 180 days of the completion of that project.
(f) Workshop.—
Each recipient of a grant under subsection (a) shall, not later than 180 days after the completion of the pilot project, conduct at least one workshop for potential users to disseminate the lessons learned from the pilot project as widely as feasible.
(g) Regulations.—
The Administrator shall issue regulations establishing application, selection, and implementation procedures for pilot projects, and guidelines for reports and workshops required by this section.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3423.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
60303
42 U.S.C. 16673.
Pub. L. 109–155, title III, § 313, Dec. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2921.
51 U.S.C. § 60304 (NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS)
§ 60304. Program evaluation
(a) Advisory Committee.—
The Administrator shall establish an advisory committee, consisting of individuals with appropriate expertise in State, local, regional, and tribal agencies, the university research community, and the remote sensing and other geospatial information industries, to monitor the program established under section 60303 of this title. The advisory committee shall consult with the Federal Geographic Data Committee and other appropriate industry representatives and organizations. Notwithstanding section 14 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 App. U.S.C.), the advisory committee established under this subsection shall remain in effect until the termination of the program under section 60303 of this title.
(b) Effectiveness Evaluation.—
Not later than December 31, 2009, the Administrator shall transmit to Congress an evaluation of the effectiveness of the program established under section 60303 of this title in exploring and promoting the integrated use of sources of remote sensing and other geospatial information to address State, local, regional, and tribal agency needs. Such evaluation shall have been conducted by an independent entity.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3424.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
60304
42 U.S.C. 16674.
Pub. L. 109–155, title III, § 314, Dec. 30, 2005, 119 Stat. 2921.
heading: References in Text
text: Section 14 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act, referred to in subsec. (a), is section 14 of Pub. L. 92–463, which is set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.