dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
49 U.S.C. § 28502 (TRANSPORTATION)
§ 28502. Surface Transportation Board mediation of trackage use requests
If, after a reasonable period of negotiation, a public transportation authority cannot reach agreement with a rail carrier to use trackage of, and have related services provided by, the rail carrier for purposes of commuter rail passenger transportation, the public transportation authority or the rail carrier may apply to the Board for nonbinding mediation. The Board shall conduct the nonbinding mediation in accordance with the mediation process of section 1109.4 of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, as in effect on the date of enactment of this section.
(Added Pub. L. 110–432, div. B, title IV, § 401(a), Oct. 16, 2008, 122 Stat. 4955.)
heading: References in Text
text: The date of enactment of this section, referred to in text, is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–432, which was approved Oct. 16, 2008.
49 U.S.C. § 28503 (TRANSPORTATION)
§ 28503. Surface Transportation Board mediation of rights-of-way use requests
If, after a reasonable period of negotiation, a public transportation authority cannot reach agreement with a rail carrier to acquire an interest in a railroad right-of-way for the construction and operation of a segregated fixed guideway facility to provide commuter rail passenger transportation, the public transportation authority or the rail carrier may apply to the Board for nonbinding mediation. The Board shall conduct the nonbinding mediation in accordance with the mediation process of section 1109.4 of title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, as in effect on the date of enactment of this section.
(Added Pub. L. 110–432, div. B, title IV, § 401(a), Oct. 16, 2008, 122 Stat. 4956.)
heading: References in Text
text: The date of enactment of this section, referred to in text, is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–432, which was approved Oct. 16, 2008.
49 U.S.C. § 28504 (TRANSPORTATION)
§ 28504. Applicability of other laws
Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to limit a rail transportation provider’s right under section 28103(b) to enter into contracts that allocate financial responsibility for claims.
(Added Pub. L. 110–432, div. B, title IV, § 401(a), Oct. 16, 2008, 122 Stat. 4956.)
49 U.S.C. § 28505 (TRANSPORTATION)
§ 28505. Rules and regulations
Within 1 year after the date of enactment of this section, the Board shall issue such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out this chapter.
(Added Pub. L. 110–432, div. B, title IV, § 401(a), Oct. 16, 2008, 122 Stat. 4956.)
heading: References in Text
text: The date of enactment of this section, referred to in text, is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–432, which was approved Oct. 16, 2008.
49 U.S.C. § 30104 (TRANSPORTATION)
§ 30104. Authorization of appropriations
There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary $98,313,500 for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration to carry out this part in each fiscal year beginning in fiscal year 1999 and ending in fiscal year 2001.
(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 944; Pub. L. 105–178, title VII, § 7102(a), June 9, 1998, 112 Stat. 465; Pub. L. 106–39, § 1(a), July 28, 1999, 113 Stat. 206.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
30104
15:1392 (note).
Dec. 18, 1991, Pub. L. 102–240, § 2501(a), 105 Stat. 2081.
In this section, before clause (1), the words “to the Secretary of Transportation for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration” are substituted for “For the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration” for clarity and consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code. The reference to fiscal year 1992 is omitted as obsolete.
heading: Amendments
text: 1999—Pub. L. 106–39 substituted “$98,313,500” for “$81,200,000”.
1998—Pub. L. 105–178 reenacted section catchline without change and amended text generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “The following amounts may be appropriated to the Secretary of Transportation for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration to carry out this chapter:
“(1) $71,333,436 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1993.
“(2) $74,044,106 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1994.
“(3) $76,857,782 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1995.”
49 U.S.C. § 30105 (TRANSPORTATION)
§ 30105. Restriction on lobbying activities
(a) In General.—
No funds appropriated to the Secretary for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration shall be available for any activity specifically designed to urge a State or local legislator to favor or oppose the adoption of any specific legislative proposal pending before any State or local legislative body.
(b) Appearance as Witness Not Barred.—
Subsection (a) does not prohibit officers or employees of the United States from testifying before any State or local legislative body in response to the invitation of any member of that legislative body or a State executive office.
(Added and amended Pub. L. 105–178, title VII, § 7104(a), (c), June 9, 1998, 112 Stat. 466; Pub. L. 105–206, title IX, § 9012(a), July 22, 1998, 112 Stat. 864.)
heading: Amendments
text: 1998—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 105–178, § 7104(c), as added by Pub. L. 105–206, inserted “for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration” after “Secretary”.
heading: Effective Date of 1998 Amendment
text: Title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 effective simultaneously with enactment of Pub. L. 105–178 and to be treated as included in Pub. L. 105–178 at time of enactment, and provisions of Pub. L. 105–178, as in effect on day before July 22, 1998, that are amended by title IX of Pub. L. 105–206 to be treated as not enacted, see section 9016 of Pub. L. 105–206, set out as a note under section 101 of Title 23, Highways.
49 U.S.C. § 30106 (TRANSPORTATION)
§ 30106. Rented or leased motor vehicle safety and responsibility
(a) In General.—
An owner of a motor vehicle that rents or leases the vehicle to a person (or an affiliate of the owner) shall not be liable under the law of any State or political subdivision thereof, by reason of being the owner of the vehicle (or an affiliate of the owner), for harm to persons or property that results or arises out of the use, operation, or possession of the vehicle during the period of the rental or lease, if—
(1) the owner (or an affiliate of the owner) is engaged in the trade or business of renting or leasing motor vehicles; and
(2) there is no negligence or criminal wrongdoing on the part of the owner (or an affiliate of the owner).
(b) Financial Responsibility Laws.—
Nothing in this section supersedes the law of any State or political subdivision thereof—
(1) imposing financial responsibility or insurance standards on the owner of a motor vehicle for the privilege of registering and operating a motor vehicle; or
(2) imposing liability on business entities engaged in the trade or business of renting or leasing motor vehicles for failure to meet the financial responsibility or liability insurance requirements under State law.
(c) Applicability and Effective Date.—
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, this section shall apply with respect to any action commenced on or after the date of enactment of this section without regard to whether the harm that is the subject of the action, or the conduct that caused the harm, occurred before such date of enactment.
(d) Definitions.—
In this section, the following definitions apply:
(1) Affiliate.—
The term “affiliate” means a person other than the owner that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with the owner. In the preceding sentence, the term “control” means the power to direct the management and policies of a person whether through ownership of voting securities or otherwise.
(2) Owner.—
The term “owner” means a person who is—
(A) a record or beneficial owner, holder of title, lessor, or lessee of a motor vehicle;
(B) entitled to the use and possession of a motor vehicle subject to a security interest in another person; or
(C) a lessor, lessee, or a bailee of a motor vehicle, in the trade or business of renting or leasing motor vehicles, having the use or possession thereof, under a lease, bailment, or otherwise.
(3) Person.—
The term “person” means any individual, corporation, company, limited liability company, trust, association, firm, partnership, society, joint stock company, or any other entity.
(Added Pub. L. 109–59, title X, § 10208(a), Aug. 10, 2005, 119 Stat. 1935.)
heading: References in Text
text: The date of enactment of this section, referred to in subsec. (c), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 109–59, which was approved Aug. 10, 2005.
49 U.S.C. § 30114 (TRANSPORTATION)
§ 30114. Special exemptions
The Secretary of Transportation may exempt a motor vehicle or item of motor vehicle equipment from section 30112(a) of this title on terms the Secretary decides are necessary for research, investigations, demonstrations, training, competitive racing events, show, or display.
(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 947; Pub. L. 105–178, title VII, § 7107(a), June 9, 1998, 112 Stat. 469.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
30114
15:1397(j).
Sept. 9, 1966, Pub. L. 89–563, 80 Stat. 718, § 108(j); added Oct. 31, 1988, Pub. L. 100–562, § 2(b), 102 Stat. 2824.
The word “conditions” is omitted as being included in “terms”, and the word “studies” is omitted as being included in “research”. The word “solely” is omitted as unnecessary.
heading: Amendments
text: 1998—Pub. L. 105–178 substituted “competitive racing events, show, or display” for “or competitive racing events”.
heading: Transition Rule
text: Pub. L. 105–178, title VII, § 7107(b), June 9, 1998, 112 Stat. 469, provided that: “A person who is the owner of a motor vehicle located in the United States on the date of enactment of this Act [June 9, 1998] may seek an exemption under section 30114 of title 49, United States Code, as amended by subsection (a) of this section, for a period of 6 months after the date regulations of the Secretary of Transportation promulgated in response to such amendment take effect.”
49 U.S.C. § 30120A (TRANSPORTATION)
§ 30120A. Recall obligations and bankruptcy of a manufacturer
A manufacturer’s filing of a petition in bankruptcy under chapter 11 of title 11, does not negate the manufacturer’s duty to comply with section 30112 or sections 30115 through 30120 of this title. In any bankruptcy proceeding, the manufacturer’s obligations under such sections shall be treated as a claim of the United States Government against such manufacturer, subject to subchapter II of chapter 37 of title 31, United States Code, and given priority pursuant to section 3713(a)(1)(A) of such chapter, notwithstanding section 3713(a)(2), to ensure that consumers are adequately protected from any safety defect or noncompliance determined to exist in the manufacturer’s products. This section shall apply equally to actions of a manufacturer taken before or after the filing of a petition in bankruptcy.
(Added Pub. L. 112–141, div. C, title I, § 31312(a), July 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 772.)
heading: Effective Date
text: Section effective Oct. 1, 2012, see section 3(a) of Pub. L. 112–141, set out as an Effective and Termination Dates of 2012 Amendment note under section 101 of Title 23, Highways.
49 U.S.C. § 30122 (TRANSPORTATION)
§ 30122. Making safety devices and elements inoperative
(a) Definition.—
In this section, “motor vehicle repair business” means a person holding itself out to the public to repair for compensation a motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment.
(b) Prohibition.—
A manufacturer, distributor, dealer, or motor vehicle repair business may not knowingly make inoperative any part of a device or element of design installed on or in a motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment in compliance with an applicable motor vehicle safety standard prescribed under this chapter unless the manufacturer, distributor, dealer, or repair business reasonably believes the vehicle or equipment will not be used (except for testing or a similar purpose during maintenance or repair) when the device or element is inoperative.
(c) Regulations.—
The Secretary of Transportation may prescribe regulations—
(1) to exempt a person from this section if the Secretary decides the exemption is consistent with motor vehicle safety and section 30101 of this title; and
(2) to define “make inoperative”.
(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 956; Pub. L. 112–141, div. C, title I, § 31202(a)(1), July 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 757.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
30122(a)
15:1397(a)(2)(A) (last sentence).
Sept. 9, 1966, Pub. L. 89–563, 80 Stat. 718, § 108(a)(2)(A)– (C); added Oct. 27, 1974, Pub. L. 93–492, § 103(a) (1)(A), 88 Stat. 1477.
30122(b)
15:1397(a)(2)(A) (1st sentence).
30122(c)
15:1397(a)(2)(B).
30122(d)
15:1397(a)(2)(C).
In subsections (a) and (c), the words “the term” are omitted as surplus.
In subsection (a), the words “in the business of” are omitted as surplus.
In subsection (b), the words “an applicable motor vehicle safety standard prescribed under this chapter” are substituted for “an applicable Federal motor vehicle safety standard” for consistency. The words “of design” the 2d time they appear and “rendered” are omitted as surplus.
In subsection (c)(1), the words “section 30101 of this title” are substituted for “the purposes of this chapter” as being more precise.
In subsection (d), the words “with respect . . . the rendering inoperative of” are omitted as surplus.
heading: Amendments
text: 2012—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 112–141 struck out subsec. (d). Text read as follows: “This section does not apply to a safety belt interlock or buzzer designed to indicate a safety belt is not in use as described in section 30124 of this title.”
heading: Effective Date of 2012 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 112–141 effective Oct. 1, 2012, see section 3(a) of Pub. L. 112–141, set out as an Effective and Termination Dates of 2012 Amendment note under section 101 of Title 23, Highways.
49 U.S.C. § 30124 (TRANSPORTATION)
§ 30124. Nonuse of safety belts
A motor vehicle safety standard prescribed under this chapter may not require a manufacturer to comply with the standard by using a safety belt interlock designed to prevent starting or operating a motor vehicle if an occupant is not using a safety belt.
(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 957; Pub. L. 112–141, div. C, title I, § 31202(a)(2), July 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 757.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
30124
15:1410b.
Sept. 9, 1966, Pub. L. 89–563, 80 Stat. 718, § 125; added Oct. 27, 1974, Pub. L. 93–492, § 109, 88 Stat. 1482.
The text of 15:1410b(a) and (c)–(e) is omitted as obsolete. The text of 15:1410b(b)(2) and (3) and (f)(2) and (3) is omitted as unnecessary because of the restatement. The words “After the effective date of the amendment prescribed under subsection (a) of this section” are omitted as executed. The words “prescribed under this chapter” are substituted for “Federal” for consistency in this chapter.
heading: Amendments
text: 2012—Pub. L. 112–141 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “A motor vehicle safety standard prescribed under this chapter may not require or allow a manufacturer to comply with the standard by using a safety belt interlock designed to prevent starting or operating a motor vehicle if an occupant is not using a safety belt or a buzzer designed to indicate a safety belt is not in use, except a buzzer that operates only during the 8-second period after the ignition is turned to the ‘start’ or ‘on’ position.”
heading: Effective Date of 2012 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 112–141 effective Oct. 1, 2012, see section 3(a) of Pub. L. 112–141, set out as an Effective and Termination Dates of 2012 Amendment note under section 101 of Title 23, Highways.
49 U.S.C. § 30125 (TRANSPORTATION)
§ 30125. Schoolbuses and schoolbus equipment
(a) Definitions.—
In this section—
(1) “schoolbus” means a passenger motor vehicle designed to carry a driver and more than 10 passengers, that the Secretary of Transportation decides is likely to be used significantly to transport preprimary, primary, and secondary school students to or from school or an event related to school.
(2) “schoolbus equipment” means equipment designed primarily for a schoolbus or manufactured or sold to replace or improve a system, part, or component of a schoolbus or as an accessory or addition to a schoolbus.
(b) Standards.—
The Secretary shall prescribe motor vehicle safety standards for schoolbuses and schoolbus equipment manufactured in, or imported into, the United States. Standards shall include minimum performance requirements for—
(1) emergency exits;
(2) interior protection for occupants;
(3) floor strength;
(4) seating systems;
(5) crashworthiness of body and frame (including protection against rollover hazards);
(6) vehicle operating systems;
(7) windows and windshields; and
(8) fuel systems.
(c) Test Driving by Manufacturers.—
The Secretary may require by regulation a schoolbus to be test-driven by a manufacturer before introduction in commerce.
(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 957.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
30125(a)
15:1391(14), (15).
Sept. 9, 1966, Pub. L. 89–563, 80 Stat. 718, § 102(14), (15); added Oct. 27, 1974, Pub. L. 93–492, § 201, 88 Stat. 1484.
30125(b)
15:1392(i)(1).
Sept. 9, 1966, Pub. L. 89–563, 80 Stat. 718, § 103(i)(1), (2); added Oct. 27, 1974, Pub. L. 93–492, § 202, 88 Stat. 1484; July 8, 1976, Pub. L. 94–346, § 2, 90 Stat. 815.
30125(c)
15:1392(i)(2).
15:1397(a)(1)(F).
Sept. 9, 1966, Pub. L. 89–563, 80 Stat. 718, § 108(a)(1)(F); added Oct. 27, 1974, Pub. L. 93–492, § 203, 88 Stat. 1485.
In subsection (a)(1), the words “the purpose of” are omitted as surplus.
In subsection (a)(2), the words “any similar part or component” are omitted as surplus.
In subsection (b), before clause (1), the text of 15:1392(i)(1)(A) (1st sentence) and (B) (words before 2d comma) is omitted as executed. The word “prescribe” is substituted for “promulgate”, and the word “Federal” is omitted, for consistency. The words “Such proposed standards” and “those aspects of performance set out in clauses (i) through (viii) of subparagraph (A) of this paragraph” are omitted because of the restatement. The word “requirements” is substituted for “standards” to avoid using “standards” in 2 different ways. The text of 15:1392(i)(1)(B) (last 6 words) is omitted as executed.
In subsection (c), the text of 15:1397(a)(1)(F) is omitted as unnecessary because of the restatement.
49 U.S.C. § 30126 (TRANSPORTATION)
§ 30126. Used motor vehicles
To ensure a continuing and effective national safety program, it is the policy of the United States Government to encourage and strengthen State inspection of used motor vehicles. Therefore, the Secretary of Transportation shall prescribe uniform motor vehicle safety standards applicable to all used motor vehicles. The standards shall be stated in terms of motor vehicle safety performance.
(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 958.)
text: Historical and Revision Notes
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
30126
15:1397(b)(1) (2d–last sentences).
Sept. 9, 1966, Pub. L. 89–563, § 108(b)(1) (2d–last sentences), 80 Stat. 722.
The words “In order” are omitted as surplus. The words “United States Government” are substituted for “Congress” for clarity and consistency in the revised title. The words “Therefore, the Secretary of Transportation shall prescribe uniform motor vehicle safety standards applicable to all used motor vehicles” are substituted for 15:1397(b)(1) (4th sentence) to eliminate unnecessary and executed words. The text of 15:1397(b)(1) (last sentence) is omitted as unnecessary because of 5:ch. 5, subch. II. The text of 15:1397(b)(1) (3d sentence) is omitted as executed.
49 U.S.C. § 30128 (TRANSPORTATION)
§ 30128. Vehicle rollover prevention and crash mitigation
(a) In General.—
The Secretary shall initiate rulemaking proceedings, for the purpose of establishing rules or standards that will reduce vehicle rollover crashes and mitigate deaths and injuries associated with such crashes for motor vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating of not more than 10,000 pounds.
(b) Rollover Prevention.—
One of the rulemaking proceedings initiated under subsection (a) shall be to establish performance criteria to reduce the occurrence of rollovers consistent with stability enhancing technologies. The Secretary shall issue a proposed rule in this proceeding by rule by October 1, 2006, and a final rule by April 1, 2009.
(c) Occupant Ejection Prevention.—
(1) In general.—
The Secretary shall also initiate a rulemaking proceeding to establish performance standards to reduce complete and partial ejections of vehicle occupants from outboard seating positions. In formulating the standards the Secretary shall consider various ejection mitigation systems. The Secretary shall issue a final rule under this paragraph no later than October 1, 2009.
(2) Door locks and door retention.—
The Secretary shall complete the rulemaking proceeding initiated to upgrade Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 206, relating to door locks and door retention, no later than 30 months after the date of enactment of this section.
(d) Protection of Occupants.—
One of the rulemaking proceedings initiated under subsection (a) shall be to establish performance criteria to upgrade Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 216 relating to roof strength for driver and passenger sides. The Secretary may consider industry and independent dynamic tests that realistically duplicate the actual forces transmitted during a rollover crash. The Secretary shall issue a proposed rule by December 31, 2005, and a final rule by July 1, 2008.
(e) Deadlines.—
If the Secretary determines that the deadline for a final rule under this section cannot be met, the Secretary shall—
(1) notify the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and the House of Representatives Committee on Energy and Commerce and explain why that deadline cannot be met; and
(2) establish a new deadline.
(Added Pub. L. 109–59, title X, § 10301(a), Aug. 10, 2005, 119 Stat. 1939.)
heading: References in Text
text: The date of enactment of this section, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 109–59, which was approved Aug. 10, 2005.
heading: Codification
text: Section 10301(a) of Pub. L. 109–59, which directed that this section be added at the end of subchapter II of chapter 301, without specifying the title to be amended, was executed by adding this section at the end of subchapter II of this chapter, to reflect the probable intent of Congress.