dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
22 U.S.C. § 1386 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1386. Definitions
For the purposes of this subchapter the term “Philippine Government” shall mean “Government of the Commonwealth of the Philippines” until the date of independence, and thereafter it shall mean the “Government of the Republic of the Philippines”.
(July 3, 1946, ch. 536, § 7, 60 Stat. 420.)
heading: References in Text
text: Date of independence, referred to in text, was July 4, 1946 as recognized by 1946 Proc. No. 2695, eff. July 4, 1946, set out as a note under section 1394 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 1391 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1391. Transfer of property and rights to Philippine Commonwealth
All the property and rights which may have been acquired in the Philippine Islands by the United States under the treaties mentioned in the first section of this Act, except such land or other property as has heretofore been designated by the President of the United States for Military and other reservations of the Government of the United States, and except such land or other property or rights or interests therein as may have been sold or otherwise disposed of in accordance with law, are granted to the government of the Commonwealth of the Philippine Islands when constituted.
(Mar. 24, 1934, ch. 84, § 5, 48 Stat. 459.)
heading: References in Text
text: Treaties mentioned in the first section of this Act, referred to in text, were treaty of peace between the United States and Spain of December 10, 1898, and treaty between Spain and the United States concluded at Washington, Nov. 7, 1900.
The first section of this Act, referred to in text, is section 1 of act Mar. 24, 1934, which was classified to section 1231 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions, and was omitted from the Code.
Since their independence, the Philippine Islands have been a republic, and are no longer designated as a “Commonwealth”, referred to in text. See note below.
heading: Prior Provisions
text: Provisions similar to those in this section were contained in act Jan. 17, 1933, ch. 11, § 5, 47 Stat. 764.
heading: Separability
text: Act Mar. 24, 1934, ch. 84, § 16, 48 Stat. 464, provided: “If any provision of this Act [enacting this section and sections 1281a, 1393 to 1395 of this title, amending sections 1231 to 1234, 1237 to 1239, 1241 to 1243, 1245, 1247, and 1248 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions] is declared unconstitutional or the applicability thereof to any person or circumstances is held invalid, the validity of the remainder of the act and the applicability of such provisions and circumstances shall not be affected thereby.”
heading: Philippine Independence
text: Philippine Islands granted independence by Proc. No. 2695, which is set out as a note under section 1394 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 1392 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1392. Acquisition of military and naval bases by United States
After negotiation with the President of the Commonwealth of the Philippines, or the President of the Filipino Republic, the President of the United States is authorized by such means as he finds appropriate to withhold or to acquire and to retain such bases, necessary appurtenances to such bases, and the rights incident thereto, in addition to any provided for by the Act of March 24, 1934, as he may deem necessary for the mutual protection of the Philippine Islands and of the United States.
(June 29, 1944, ch. 322, § 2, 58 Stat. 626.)
heading: References in Text
text: Act of March 24, 1934, as amended, referred to in text, is act Mar. 24, 1934, ch. 84, 48 Stat. 456, as amended, which enacted sections 1281a, 1391, 1393 to 1395 of this title, and section 1248 of Title 48, Territories and Insular Possessions, amended sections 1231 to 1234, 1237, 1238, 1239, 1241 to 1243, 1245, and 1247 of Title 48, and enacted a provision set out as a note under section 1391 of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables.
heading: Philippine Independence
text: Philippine Islands granted independence by Proc. No. 2695, which is set out as a note under section 1394 of this title, and they now constitute a republic.
22 U.S.C. § 1401 to 1410 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§§ 1401 to 1410. Repealed. Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, title V, § 542(a)(1), (4), 68 Stat. 861
text: Section 1401, acts May 22, 1947, ch. 81, § 1, 61 Stat. 103; Apr. 5, 1952, ch. 159, § 1, 66 Stat. 43, authorized President to furnish assistance and prescribed type of assistance to be furnished. See sections 1451 to 1453 and 2395 of this title.
text: Section 1402, act May 22, 1947, ch. 81, § 2, 61 Stat. 104, related to allocation of funds to Government agencies. See section 2392 of this title.
text: Section 1403, act May 22, 1947, ch. 81, § 3, 61 Stat. 104, prescribed conditions precedent to receipt of assistance.
text: Section 1404, acts May 22, 1947, ch. 81, § 4, 61 Stat. 105; Apr. 3, 1948, ch. 169, title III, § 303, 62 Stat. 158, related to advancement and reimbursement of funds by and to R.F.C. and appropriations.
text: Section 1405, act May 22, 1947, ch. 81, § 5, 61 Stat. 105, related to rules and regulations and withdrawal of aid. See section 2367 of this title.
text: Section 1406, act May 22, 1947, ch. 81, § 6, 61 Stat. 105, related to termination of assistance. See section 2367 of this title.
text: Section 1407, act May 22, 1947, ch. 81, § 7, 61 Stat. 105, required President to submit quarterly reports to Congress. See section 2394 of this title.
text: Section 1408, act May 22, 1947, ch. 81, § 8, 61 Stat. 105, related to appointment and duties of chief of any mission to Greece and Turkey. See section 2391 of this title.
text: Section 1409, act Apr. 3, 1948, ch. 169, title III, § 302, 62 Stat. 158, related to additional appropriations.
text: Section 1410, act Apr. 3, 1948, ch. 169, title III, § 304, 62 Stat. 158, related to detail of certain personnel to missions in Greece and Turkey, and loyalty check.
text: See section 2151 et seq. of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 1411 to 1417 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§§ 1411 to 1417. Repealed. Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, title V, § 542(a)(2), (3), 68 Stat. 861
text: Section 1411, acts May 31, 1947, ch. 90, § 1, 61 Stat. 125; Dec. 17, 1947, ch. 520, § 16(a), 61 Stat. 939; Apr. 5, 1952, ch. 159, § 1, 66 Stat. 43, related to appropriation; uses; establishment of relief distribution missions; limitations on amounts; and advances by R.F.C.
text: Section 1412, act May 31, 1947, ch. 90, § 2, 61 Stat. 125, related to relief assistance. See sections 2354, 2385, and 2392 of this title.
text: Section 1413, act May 31, 1947, ch. 90, § 3, 61 Stat. 126, prescribed conditions governing relief assistance. See section 2171 et seq. of this title.
text: Section 1414, act May 31, 1947, ch. 90, § 4, 61 Stat. 127, related to supervision of relief supplies in recipient countries; appointment, compensation, and duties of field administrator; and delegation of President’s authority. See sections 2381 and 2385 of this title.
text: Section 1415, act May 31, 1947, ch. 90, § 5, 61 Stat. 127, related to termination of relief by President or Congress. See section 2367 of this title.
text: Section 1416, act May 31, 1947, ch. 90, § 6, 61 Stat. 128, related to sale of relief supplies by recipient country; establishment of special account as revolving fund; termination; and disposition of balance.
text: Section 1417, act May 31, 1947, ch. 90, § 7, 61 Stat. 128, required the President to submit quarterly reports to Congress. See section 2394 of this title.
text: See section 2151 et seq. of this title.
text: Foreign Aid Act of 1947, act Dec. 17, 1947, ch. 520, §§ 1–18, 61 Stat. 934, which provided immediate aid urgently needed by peoples of Austria, China, France, and Italy and which was formerly set out as a note under former section 1411 of this title, was repealed by act Aug. 26, 1954, § 542(a)(3).
22 U.S.C. § 1432 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1432. Information on United States participation in United Nations
In carrying out the objectives of this chapter, information concerning the participation of the United States in the United Nations, its organizations and functions, shall be emphasized.
(Jan. 27, 1948, ch. 36, title I, § 3, 62 Stat. 6.)
22 U.S.C. § 1433 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1433. Definitions
When used in this chapter, the term—
(1) “Secretary” means the Secretary of State.
(2) “Department” means the Department of State.
(3) “Government agency” means any executive department, board, bureau, commission, or other agency of the Federal Government, or independent establishment, or any corporation wholly owned (either directly or through one or more corporations) by the United States.
(Jan. 27, 1948, ch. 36, title I, § 4, 62 Stat. 6.)
22 U.S.C. § 1434 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1434. Repealed. Pub. L. 96–60, title II, § 203(a)(1), Aug. 15, 1979, 93 Stat. 398
text: Section, acts Jan. 27, 1948, ch. 36, title X, § 1001, 62 Stat. 13; Apr. 5, 1952, ch. 159, § 1, 66 Stat. 43; 1977 Reorg. Plan No. 2, § 7(a)(1), 42 F.R. 62461, 91 Stat. 1637; 1978 Reorg. Plan No. 2, § 102, eff. Jan. 1, 1979, 43 F.R. 36037, 92 Stat. 3783, provided for loyalty check of personnel. Pub. L. 87–256, § 111(a)(2), Sept. 21, 1961, 75 Stat. 538, previously repealed this section insofar as it related to persons employed or assigned to duties under the Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961.
heading: Effective Date of Repeal
text: Repeal effective Oct. 1, 1979, see section 209 of Pub. L. 96–60, set out as an Effective Date of 1979 Amendment note under section 1471 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 1435 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1435. Delegation of authority by Secretary
The Secretary may delegate, to such officers of the Government as the Secretary determines to be appropriate, any of the powers conferred upon him by this chapter to the extent that he finds such delegation to be in the interest of the purposes expressed in this chapter and the efficient administration of the programs undertaken pursuant to this chapter.
(Jan. 27, 1948, ch. 36, title X, § 1002, 62 Stat. 13.)
22 U.S.C. § 1436 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1436. Restriction on disclosure of information
Nothing in this chapter shall authorize the disclosure of any information or knowledge in any case in which such disclosure (1) is prohibited by any other law of the United States, or (2) is inconsistent with the security of the United States.
(Jan. 27, 1948, ch. 36, title X, § 1003, 62 Stat. 13.)
22 U.S.C. § 1437 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1437. Utilization of private agencies
In carrying out the provisions of this chapter it shall be the duty of the Secretary and the Broadcasting Board of Governors to utilize, to the maximum extent practicable, the services and facilities of private agencies, including existing American press, publishing, radio, motion picture, and other agencies, through contractual arrangements or otherwise. It is the intent of Congress that the Secretary and the Broadcasting Board of Governors shall encourage participation in carrying out the purposes of this chapter by the maximum number of different private agencies in each field consistent with the present or potential market for their services in each country.
(Jan. 27, 1948, ch. 36, title X, § 1005, 62 Stat. 14; Pub. L. 112–239, div. A, title X, § 1078(d)(2), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 1959.)
heading: Amendments
text: 2013—Pub. L. 112–239 inserted “and the Broadcasting Board of Governors” after “Secretary” in two places.
heading: Effective Date of 2013 Amendment
text: Pub. L. 112–239, div. A, title X, § 1078(e), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 1959, provided that: “This section [amending this section and sections 1461, 1461–1a, and 1462 of this title and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 1461 of this title] shall take effect and apply on the date that is 180 days after the date of the enactment of this section [Jan. 2, 2013].”
22 U.S.C. § 1438 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1438. Veterans’ preference
No provision of this chapter shall be construed to modify or to repeal the provisions of sections 1302(b), (c), 2108, 3305(b), 3306(a)(2), 3308 to 3318, 3319(b), 3320, 3351, 3363, 3364, 3501 to 3504, 7511, 7512, and 7701 of title 5.
(Jan. 27, 1948, ch. 36, title X, § 1007, 62 Stat. 14.)
heading: References in Text
text: Section 3306 of title 5, referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 95–228, § 1, Feb. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 25.
Section 3319 of title 5, referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 95–454, title III, § 307(h)(1), Oct. 13, 1978, 92 Stat. 1149.
Section 3364 of title 5, referred to in text, was repealed by Pub. L. 94–183, § 2(6), Dec. 31, 1975, 89 Stat. 1057.
Sections 7511 and 7512 of title 5, referred to in text, which related to adverse actions against preference eligible employees and comprised subchapter II of chapter 75 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, were repealed by Pub. L. 95–454 and replaced by a new subchapter II (§§ 7511–7514) of chapter 75 relating to removal, suspension for more than 14 days, reduction in grade or pay, or furlough for 30 days or less.
heading: Codification
text: “Sections 1302(b), (c), 2108, 3305(b), 3306(a)(2), 3308 to 3318, 3319(b), 3320, 3351, 3363, 3364, 3501 to 3504, 7511, 7512, and 7701 of title 5” substituted in text for “the Veterans’ Preference Act of 1944” on authority of Pub. L. 89–554, § 7(b), Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 631, the first section of which enacted Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.
22 U.S.C. § 1439 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1439. Repealed. Pub. L. 96–470, title I, § 117, Oct. 19, 1980, 94 Stat. 2240
text: Section, acts Jan. 27, 1948, ch. 36, title X, § 1008, 62 Stat. 14; Sept. 21, 1961, Pub. L. 87–256, § 111(a)(2), 75 Stat. 538; Oct. 26, 1974, Pub. L. 93–475, § 7, 88 Stat. 1440; 1977 Reorg. Plan No. 2, § 7(a)(1), 42 F.R. 62461, 91 Stat. 1637, required the Director to submit annual reports to Congress on expenditures made and activities carried on under this chapter, including appraisals and measurements, where feasible, as to the effectiveness of the several programs in each country where conducted. Pub. L. 87–256, § 111(9)(2), Sept. 21, 1961, 75 Stat. 538, previously repealed this section insofar as it related to educational exchange activities. See section 2458(b) of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 1440 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1440. Repealed. Pub. L. 105–277, div. G, subdiv. A, title XIII, § 1336(1), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–790
text: Section, acts Jan. 27, 1948, ch. 36, title X, § 1009, 62 Stat. 14; Pub. L. 87–256, § 111(a)(2), Sept. 21, 1961, 75 Stat. 538, related to applicability of chapter provisions to similar international activities of State Department.
heading: Effective Date of Repeal
text: Repeal effective Oct. 1, 1999, see section 1301 of Pub. L. 105–277, set out as an Effective Date note under section 6531 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 1441 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1441. Omitted
heading: Codification
text: Section, based on third proviso under subheading “International Information and Education Activities” under heading “State Department” of Title I of the Supplemental Appropriation Act, 1950 (approved Oct. 14, 1949, ch. 694, 63 Stat. 878), authorized the acquisition of land outside the continental United States, and was not repeated in the Department of State Appropriation Act, 1951 (approved Sept. 6, 1950, ch. 896, ch. III, title I, 64 Stat. 609), or other appropriation acts.
22 U.S.C. § 1442a (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1442a. National security measures
(a) Restriction
In coordination with other appropriate executive branch officials, the Secretary of State shall take all appropriate steps to—
(1) prevent any agent of a foreign power from participating in educational and cultural exchange programs under this chapter;
(2) ensure that no person who is involved in the research, development, design, testing, evaluation, or production of missiles or weapons of mass destruction is a participant in any program of educational or cultural exchange under this chapter if such person is employed by, or attached to, an entity within a country that has been identified by any element of the United States intelligence community (as defined by section 3003(4) of title 50) within the previous 5 years as having been involved in the proliferation of missiles or weapons of mass destruction; and
(3) ensure that no person who is involved in the research, development, design, testing, evaluation, or production of chemical or biological weapons for offensive purposes is a participant in any program of educational or cultural exchange under this chapter.
(b) Definitions
(1) The term “appropriate executive branch officials” means officials from the elements of the United States Government listed pursuant to section 101 of the Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999 (Public Law 105–272).
(2) The term “agent of a foreign power” has the same meaning as set forth in section 1801(b)(1)(B) and (b)(2) of title 50, and does not include any person who acts in the capacity defined under section 1801(b)(1)(A) of title 50.
(Jan. 27, 1948, ch. 36, title X, § 1012, as added Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, § 1000(a)(7) [div. A, title IV, § 403], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536, 1501A–446.)
heading: References in Text
text: Section 101 of the Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999, referred to in subsec. (b)(1), is section 101 of Pub. L. 105–272, title I, Oct. 20, 1998, 112 Stat. 2397, which is not classified to the Code.
22 U.S.C. § 1446 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1446. Repealed. Pub. L. 87–256, § 111(a)(2), Sept. 21, 1961, 75 Stat. 538
text: Section, acts Jan. 27, 1948, ch. 36, title II, § 201, 62 Stat. 7; June 27, 1952, ch. 477, title IV, § 402(f), 66 Stat. 276; June 4, 1956, ch. 356, 70 Stat. 241, authorized the interchange of persons on a reciprocal basis between the United States and other countries, provided for orientation courses, admission as nonimmigrant visitors, deportation, and eligibility requirements for reentry under changed status. See section 2451 et seq. of this title.
heading: Continuation of Certain Executive Orders, Agreements, Determinations, Regulations, Contracts, Appointments, and Other Actions
text: Continuation in full force and effect, and applicability to the appropriate provisions of the Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961, set out as section 2451 et seq. of this title, until modified or superseded by appropriate authority, of all Executive orders, agreements, determinations, regulations, contracts, appointments, and other actions issued, concluded, or taken under authority of this section, see section 111(b) of Pub. L. 87–256, set out as a note under section 2451 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 1447 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1447. Books and materials
The Secretary is authorized to provide for interchanges between the United States and other countries of books and periodicals, including government publications, for the translation of such writings, and for the preparation, distribution, and interchange of other educational materials.
(Jan. 27, 1948, ch. 36, title II, § 202, 62 Stat. 7.)
22 U.S.C. § 1448 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1448. Assistance to certain institutions abroad founded or sponsored by United States citizens
The Secretary is authorized to provide for assistance to schools, libraries, and community centers abroad, founded or sponsored by citizens of the United States, and serving as demonstration centers for methods and practices employed in the United States. In assisting any such schools, however, the Secretary shall exercise no control over their educational policies and shall in no case furnish assistance of any character which is not in keeping with the free democratic principles and the established foreign policy of the United States.
(Jan. 27, 1948, ch. 36, title II, § 203, 62 Stat. 7.)
heading: Partial Repeal
text: Pub. L. 87–256, § 111(a)(2), Sept. 21, 1961, 75 Stat. 538, repealed this section insofar as it relates to schools. See section 2451 et seq. of this title.
heading: Continuation of Certain Executive Orders, Agreements, Determinations, Regulations, Contracts, Appointments, and Other Actions
text: Continuation in full force and effect, and applicability to the appropriate provisions of the Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961, set out as section 2451 et seq. of this title, until modified or superseded by appropriate authority, of all Executive orders, agreements, determinations, regulations, contracts, appointments, and other actions issued, concluded, or taken under authority of this section, see section 111(b) of Pub. L. 87–256, set out as a note under section 2451 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 1451 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 1451. Assignment of Government employees to requesting countries; governing regulations
The Director of the United States Information Agency is authorized, when the government of another country is desirous of obtaining the services of a person having special scientific or other technical or professional qualifications, from time to time to assign or authorize the assignment for service, to or in cooperation with such government, any person in the employ or service of the Government of the United States who has such qualifications, with the approval of the Government agency in which such person is employed or serving. No person shall be assigned for service to or in cooperation with the government of any country unless (1) the Director finds that such assignment is necessary in the national interest of the United States, or (2) such government agrees to reimburse the United States in an amount equal to the compensation, travel expenses, and allowances payable to such person during the period of such assignment in accordance with the provisions of section 1452 of this title, or (3) such government shall have made an advance of funds, property, or services as provided in section 1479 of this title. Nothing in this chapter, however, shall authorize the assignment of such personnel for service relating to the organization, training, operation, development, or combat equipment of the armed forces of a foreign government.
(Jan. 27, 1948, ch. 36, title III, § 301, 62 Stat. 7; Pub. L. 97–241, title III, § 304(a)(1)(A), (2)(A), Aug. 24, 1982, 96 Stat. 292.)
heading: Amendments
text: 1982—Pub. L. 97–241 substituted “person in the employ” for “citizen of the United States in the employ”, “Director of the United States Information Agency” for “Secretary”, and “Director finds” for “Secretary finds”.
heading: Transfer of Functions
text: United States Information Agency (other than Broadcasting Board of Governors and International Broadcasting Bureau) abolished and functions transferred to Secretary of State, see sections 6531 and 6532 of this title.
heading: References to Act May 25, 1938
text: Act Jan. 27, 1948, ch. 36, title X, § 1004(c), 62 Stat. 14, provided that: “Any reference in the Foreign Service Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 999) [section 801 et seq. of this title], or in any other law, to provisions of such Act of May 25, 1938, as amended [section 118e of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees], shall be construed to be applicable to the appropriate provisions of titles III and IX of this Act [sections 1451 to 1453, 1478, and 1479 of this title].”
heading: Effectiveness of Executive Orders and Regulations Under Act May 25, 1938, Ch. 277, 52 Stat. 442
text: Act Jan. 27, 1948, ch. 36, title X, § 1004(b), 62 Stat. 14, provided that: “Existing Executive orders and regulations pertaining to the administration of such Act of May 25, 1938, as amended [former section 118e of former Title 5, Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees], shall remain in effect until superseded by regulations prescribed under the provisions of this Act [this chapter].”