dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
19 U.S.C. § 3554 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3554. Africa trade and development policy
(a) Development of policy
The President should develop and implement a comprehensive trade and development policy for the countries of Africa.
(b) Reports to Congress
The President shall, not later than 12 months after December 8, 1994, and annually thereafter for a period of 4 years, submit to the Committee on Ways and Means and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives, the Committee on Finance and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, and other appropriate committees of the Congress, a report on the steps taken to carry out subsection (a) of this section.
(Pub. L. 103–465, title I, § 134, Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4840.)
19 U.S.C. § 3556 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3556. Certain nonrubber footwear
In the case of nonrubber footwear imported from Brazil—
(1) which is subject to Treasury Decision 74-233, dated September 9, 1974,
(2) which was entered, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, on or before October 28, 1981, and
(3) with respect to which entries are unliquidated on December 8, 1994,
countervailing duties shall be assessed at rates equal to the amount of the cash deposit of the estimated countervailing duties required on such footwear at the time of entry or withdrawal from warehouse for consumption. Interest on underpayments of amounts required to be deposited as countervailing duties shall be paid in accordance with section 1677g of this title.
(Pub. L. 103–465, title I, § 137, Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4842.)
19 U.S.C. § 3581 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3581. Objectives in intellectual property
It is the objective of the United States—
(1) to accelerate the implementation of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights referred to in section 3511(d)(15) of this title,
(2) to seek enactment and effective implementation by foreign countries of laws to protect and enforce intellectual property rights that supplement and strengthen the standards of the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights referred to in section 3511(d)(15) of this title and the North American Free Trade Agreement and, in particular—
(A) to conclude bilateral and multilateral agreements that create obligations to protect and enforce intellectual property rights that cover new and emerging technologies and new methods of transmission and distribution, and
(B) to prevent or eliminate discrimination with respect to matters affecting the availability, acquisition, scope, maintenance, use, and enforcement of intellectual property rights,
(3) to secure fair, equitable, and nondiscriminatory market access opportunities for United States persons that rely upon intellectual property protection,
(4) to take an active role in the development of the intellectual property regime under the World Trade Organization to ensure that it is consistent with other United States objectives, and
(5) to take an active role in the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) to develop a cooperative and mutually supportive relationship between the World Trade Organization and WIPO.
(Pub. L. 103–465, title III, § 315, Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4942.)
heading: Effective Date
text: Pub. L. 103–465, title III, § 316, Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4943, provided that:
“(a) In General.—
Except as provided in subsection (b), this subtitle [subtitle B (§§ 311–316) of title III of Pub. L. 103–465, enacting this section and amending sections 2241, 2242, 2411, 2414, 2416, and 2420 of this title] and the amendments made by this subtitle take effect on the date on which the WTO Agreement enters into force with respect to the United States [Jan. 1, 1995].
“(b) Section 314(f).—
The amendment made by section 314(f) [amending section 2420 of this title] takes effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 8, 1994].”
19 U.S.C. § 3591 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3591. Textile product integration
Not later than 120 days after the date that the WTO Agreement enters into force with respect to the United States, the Secretary of Commerce shall publish in the Federal Register a notice containing the list of products to be integrated in each stage set out in Article 2(8) of the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing referred to in section 3511(d)(4) of this title. After publication of such list, the list may not be changed unless otherwise required by statute or the international obligations of the United States, to correct technical errors, or to reflect reclassifications. Within 30 days after the publication of such list, the Trade Representative shall notify the list to the Textiles Monitoring Body established under Article 8 of the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing.
(Pub. L. 103–465, title III, § 331, Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4947; Pub. L. 104–295, § 20(c)(7), Oct. 11, 1996, 110 Stat. 3528.)
heading: Amendments
text: 1996—Pub. L. 104–295 struck out “, as defined in section 3501(9) of this title,” after “WTO Agreement”.
heading: Effective Date
text: Pub. L. 103–465, title III, § 335, Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4951, provided that: “Except as provided in section 334 [enacting section 3592 of this title], this subtitle [subtitle D (§§ 331–335) of title III of Pub. L. 103–465, enacting this part and section 1592a of this title, and amending section 1854 of Title 7, Agriculture] and the amendments made by this subtitle take effect on the date on which the WTO Agreement enters into force with respect to the United States [Jan. 1, 1995].”
heading: Uruguay Round Agreements: Entry Into Force
text: The Uruguay Round Agreements, including the World Trade Organization Agreement and agreements annexed to that Agreement, as referred to in section 3511(d) of this title, entered into force with respect to the United States on Jan. 1, 1995. See note set out under section 3511 of this title.
19 U.S.C. § 3611 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3611. Repealed. Pub. L. 104–127, title II, § 201(b), Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 951
text: Section, Pub. L. 103–465, title IV, § 411(e), Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4963, reaffirmed commitment of United States to provide food aid to developing countries.
19 U.S.C. § 3621 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3621. Tobacco proclamation authority
(a) In general
The President, after consultation with the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives and with the Committee on Finance of the Senate, may proclaim the reduction or elimination of any duty with respect to cigar binder and filler tobacco, wrapper tobacco, or oriental tobacco set forth in Schedule XX.
(b) Effective date
This section shall take effect on December 8, 1994.
(Pub. L. 103–465, title IV, § 423, Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4965.)
19 U.S.C. § 3622 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3622. Repealed. Pub. L. 105–362, title XIV, § 1401(c), Nov. 10, 1998, 112 Stat. 3294
text: Section, Pub. L. 103–465, title IV, § 424, Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4965, related to the President’s report to Congress on access to Canadian dairy and poultry markets.
19 U.S.C. § 3623 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3623. Study of milk marketing order system
The Secretary of Agriculture shall conduct a study to determine the effects of the Uruguay Round Agreements on the Federal milk marketing order system. Not later than 6 months after the date of entry into force of the WTO Agreement with respect to the United States, the Secretary of Agriculture shall report to the Congress on the results of the study.
(Pub. L. 103–465, title IV, § 425, Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4965.)
heading: Uruguay Round Agreements: Entry Into Force
text: The Uruguay Round Agreements, including the World Trade Organization Agreement and agreements annexed to that Agreement, as referred to in section 3511(d) of this title, entered into force with respect to the United States on Jan. 1, 1995. See note set out under section 3511 of this title.
19 U.S.C. § 3624 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3624. Additional program funding
(a) Use of additional funds
Consistent, as determined by the President, with the obligations undertaken by the United States set forth in the Uruguay Round Agreements, the Commodity Credit Corporation shall use, in addition to any other funds appropriated or made available for such purposes, any funds made available under subsection (b) of this section for authorized export promotion, foreign market development, export credit financing, and promoting the development, commercialization, and marketing of products resulting from alternative uses of agricultural commodities.
(b) Amount of additional funds
Amounts shall be credited to the Commodity Credit Corporation in fiscal year 1995 equal to the lesser of the dollar amount of—
(1) the fiscal year 1995 Pay-As-You-Go savings; and
(2) the 5-year Pay-As-You-Go savings;
under section 902 of title 2, resulting from the enactment of the Federal Crop Insurance Reform Act of 1994.
(c) Effective date
This section shall take effect on December 8, 1994.
(Pub. L. 103–465, title IV, § 426, Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4966.)
heading: References in Text
text: The Federal Crop Insurance Reform Act of 1994, referred to in subsec. (b), is title I of Pub. L. 103–354, Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3179. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1994 Amendment note set out under section 1501 of Title 7, Agriculture, and Tables.
19 U.S.C. § 3702 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3702. Statement of policy
Congress supports—
(1) encouraging increased trade and investment between the United States and sub-Saharan Africa;
(2) reducing tariff and nontariff barriers and other obstacles to sub-Saharan African and United States trade;
(3) expanding United States assistance to sub-Saharan Africa’s regional integration efforts;
(4) negotiating reciprocal and mutually beneficial trade agreements, including the possibility of establishing free trade areas that serve the interests of both the United States and the countries of sub-Saharan Africa;
(5) focusing on countries committed to the rule of law, economic reform, and the eradication of poverty;
(6) strengthening and expanding the private sector in sub-Saharan Africa, especially enterprises owned by women and small businesses;
(7) facilitating the development of civil societies and political freedom in sub-Saharan Africa;
(8) establishing a United States-Sub-Saharan Africa Trade and Economic Cooperation Forum; and
(9) the accession of the countries in sub-Saharan Africa to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions.
(Pub. L. 106–200, title I, § 103, May 18, 2000, 114 Stat. 253.)
19 U.S.C. § 3703 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3703. Eligibility requirements
(a) In general
The President is authorized to designate a sub-Saharan African country as an eligible sub-Saharan African country if the President determines that the country—
(1) has established, or is making continual progress toward establishing—
(A) a market-based economy that protects private property rights, incorporates an open rules-based trading system, and minimizes government interference in the economy through measures such as price controls, subsidies, and government ownership of economic assets;
(B) the rule of law, political pluralism, and the right to due process, a fair trial, and equal protection under the law;
(C) the elimination of barriers to United States trade and investment, including by—
(i) the provision of national treatment and measures to create an environment conducive to domestic and foreign investment;
(ii) the protection of intellectual property; and
(iii) the resolution of bilateral trade and investment disputes;
(D) economic policies to reduce poverty, increase the availability of health care and educational opportunities, expand physical infrastructure, promote the development of private enterprise, and encourage the formation of capital markets through micro-credit or other programs;
(E) a system to combat corruption and bribery, such as signing and implementing the Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions; and
(F) protection of internationally recognized worker rights, including the right of association, the right to organize and bargain collectively, a prohibition on the use of any form of forced or compulsory labor, a minimum age for the employment of children, and acceptable conditions of work with respect to minimum wages, hours of work, and occupational safety and health;
(2) does not engage in activities that undermine United States national security or foreign policy interests; and
(3) does not engage in gross violations of internationally recognized human rights or provide support for acts of international terrorism and cooperates in international efforts to eliminate human rights violations and terrorist activities.
(b) Continuing compliance
If the President determines that an eligible sub-Saharan African country is not making continual progress in meeting the requirements described in subsection (a)(1) of this section, the President shall terminate the designation of the country made pursuant to subsection (a) of this section.
(Pub. L. 106–200, title I, § 104, May 18, 2000, 114 Stat. 254.)
19 U.S.C. § 3705 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3705. Reporting requirement
The President shall submit to the Congress, not later than 1 year after May 18, 2000, and annually thereafter through 2008, a comprehensive report on the trade and investment policy of the United States for sub-Saharan Africa, and on the implementation of this chapter and the amendments made by this chapter.
(Pub. L. 106–200, title I, § 106, May 18, 2000, 114 Stat. 256.)
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this title”, meaning title I of Pub. L. 106–200, May 18, 2000, 114 Stat. 252, which enacted this chapter and sections 2466a and 2466b of this title and amended section 2463 of this title and sections 2193 and 2293 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse. For complete classification of title I to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 3701 of this title and Tables.
heading: Delegation of Functions
text: Functions of President under this section delegated to United States Trade Representative by section 1(b) of Ex. Ord. No. 13346, July 8, 2004, 69 F.R. 41905, set out as a note under section 301 of Title 3, The President.
19 U.S.C. § 3706 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3706. Sub-Saharan Africa defined
For purposes of this chapter, the terms “sub-Saharan Africa”, “sub-Saharan African country”, “country in sub-Saharan Africa”, and “countries in sub-Saharan Africa” refer to the following or any successor political entities:
Republic of Angola (Angola).
Republic of Benin (Benin).
Republic of Botswana (Botswana).
Burkina Faso (Burkina).
Republic of Burundi (Burundi).
Republic of Cameroon (Cameroon).
Republic of Cape Verde (Cape Verde).
Central African Republic.
Republic of Chad (Chad).
Federal Islamic Republic of the Comoros (Comoros).
Democratic Republic of Congo.
Republic of the Congo (Congo).
Republic of Côte d’Ivoire (Côte d’Ivoire).
Republic of Djibouti (Djibouti).
Republic of Equatorial Guinea (Equatorial Guinea).
State of Eritrea (Eritrea).
Ethiopia.
Gabonese Republic (Gabon).
Republic of the Gambia (Gambia).
Republic of Ghana (Ghana).
Republic of Guinea (Guinea).
Republic of Guinea-Bissau (Guinea-Bissau).
Republic of Kenya (Kenya).
Kingdom of Lesotho (Lesotho).
Republic of Liberia (Liberia).
Republic of Madagascar (Madagascar).
Republic of Malawi (Malawi).
Republic of Mali (Mali).
Islamic Republic of Mauritania (Mauritania).
Republic of Mauritius (Mauritius).
Republic of Mozambique (Mozambique).
Republic of Namibia (Namibia).
Republic of Niger (Niger).
Federal Republic of Nigeria (Nigeria).
Republic of Rwanda (Rwanda).
Democratic Republic of Sao Tomé and Principe (Sao Tomé and Principe).
Republic of Senegal (Senegal).
Republic of Seychelles (Seychelles).
Republic of Sierra Leone (Sierra Leone).
Somalia.
Republic of South Africa (South Africa).
Republic of South Sudan (South Sudan).
Republic of Sudan (Sudan).
Kingdom of Swaziland (Swaziland).
United Republic of Tanzania (Tanzania).
Republic of Togo (Togo).
Republic of Uganda (Uganda).
Republic of Zambia (Zambia).
Republic of Zimbabwe (Zimbabwe).
(Pub. L. 106–200, title I, § 107, May 18, 2000, 114 Stat. 256; Pub. L. 112–163, § 1(b), Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1274.)
heading: Amendments
text: 2012—Pub. L. 112–163 inserted item relating to the Republic of South Sudan.
19 U.S.C. § 3723 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3723. Free trade agreements with sub-Saharan African countries
(a) Declaration of policy
Congress declares that free trade agreements should be negotiated, where feasible, with interested countries in sub-Saharan Africa, in order to serve as the catalyst for increasing trade between the United States and sub-Saharan Africa and increasing private sector investment in sub-Saharan Africa.
(b) Plan requirement
(1) In general
The President, taking into account the provisions of the treaty establishing the African Economic Community and the willingness of the governments of sub-Saharan African countries to engage in negotiations to enter into free trade agreements, shall develop a plan for the purpose of negotiating and entering into one or more trade agreements with interested beneficiary sub-Saharan African countries.
(2) Elements of plan
The plan shall include the following:
(A) The specific objectives of the United States with respect to negotiations described in paragraph (1) and a suggested timetable for achieving those objectives.
(B) The benefits to both the United States and the relevant sub-Saharan African countries with respect to the applicable free trade agreement or agreements.
(C) A mutually agreed-upon timetable for the negotiations.
(D) The implications for and the role of regional and sub-regional organizations in sub-Saharan Africa with respect to such free trade agreement or agreements.
(E) Subject matter anticipated to be covered by the negotiations and United States laws, programs, and policies, as well as the laws of participating eligible African countries and existing bilateral and multilateral and economic cooperation and trade agreements, that may be affected by the agreement or agreements.
(F) Procedures to ensure the following:
(i) Adequate consultation with the Congress and the private sector during the negotiations.
(ii) Consultation with the Congress regarding all matters relating to implementation of the agreement or agreements.
(iii) Approval by the Congress of the agreement or agreements.
(iv) Adequate consultations with the relevant African governments and African regional and subregional intergovernmental organizations during the negotiation of the agreement or agreements.
(c) Reporting requirement
Not later than 12 months after May 18, 2000, the President shall prepare and transmit to the Congress a report containing the plan developed pursuant to subsection (b) of this section.
(Pub. L. 106–200, title I, § 116, May 18, 2000, 114 Stat. 266.)
19 U.S.C. § 3724 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3724. Assistant United States Trade Representative for African Affairs
It is the sense of the Congress that—
(1) the position of Assistant United States Trade Representative for African Affairs is integral to the United States commitment to increasing United States-sub-Saharan African trade and investment;
(2) the position of Assistant United States Trade Representative for African Affairs should be maintained within the Office of the United States Trade Representative to direct and coordinate interagency activities on United States-Africa trade policy and investment matters and serve as—
(A) a primary point of contact in the executive branch for those persons engaged in trade between the United States and sub-Saharan Africa; and
(B) the chief advisor to the United States Trade Representative on issues of trade and investment with Africa; and
(3) the United States Trade Representative should have adequate funding and staff to carry out the duties of the Assistant United States Trade Representative for African Affairs described in paragraph (2), subject to the availability of appropriations.
(Pub. L. 106–200, title I, § 117, May 18, 2000, 114 Stat. 267.)
19 U.S.C. § 3731 (CUSTOMS DUTIES)
§ 3731. Sense of the Congress regarding comprehensive debt relief for the world’s poorest countries
(a) Findings
Congress makes the following findings:
(1) The burden of external debt has become a major impediment to economic growth and poverty reduction in many of the world’s poorest countries.
(2) Until recently, the United States Government and other official creditors sought to address this problem by rescheduling loans and in some cases providing limited debt reduction.
(3) Despite such efforts, the cumulative debt of many of the world’s poorest countries continued to grow beyond their capacity to repay.
(4) In 1997, the Group of Seven, the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund adopted the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries Initiative (HIPC), a commitment by the international community that all multilateral and bilateral creditors, acting in a coordinated and concerted fashion, would reduce poor country debt to a sustainable level.
(5) The HIPC Initiative is currently undergoing reforms to address concerns raised about country conditionality, the amount of debt forgiven, and the allocation of savings realized through the debt forgiveness program to ensure that the Initiative accomplishes the goals of economic growth and poverty alleviation in the world’s poorest countries.
(b) Sense of the Congress
It is the sense of the Congress that—
(1) Congress and the President should work together, without undue delay and in concert with the international community, to make comprehensive debt relief available to the world’s poorest countries in a manner that promotes economic growth and poverty alleviation;
(2) this program of bilateral and multilateral debt relief should be designed to strengthen and expand the private sector, encourage increased trade and investment, support the development of free markets, and promote broad-scale economic growth in beneficiary countries;
(3) this program of debt relief should also support the adoption of policies to alleviate poverty and to ensure that benefits are shared widely among the population, such as through initiatives to advance education, improve health, combat AIDS, and promote clean water and environmental protection;
(4) these debt relief agreements should be designed and implemented in a transparent manner and with the broad participation of the citizenry of the debtor country and should ensure that country circumstances are adequately taken into account;
(5) no country should receive the benefits of debt relief if that country does not cooperate with the United States on terrorism or narcotics enforcement, is a gross violator of the human rights of its citizens, or is engaged in conflict or spends excessively on its military; and
(6) in order to prevent adverse impact on a key industry in many developing countries, the International Monetary Fund must mobilize its own resources for providing debt relief to eligible countries without allowing gold to reach the open market, or otherwise adversely affecting the market price of gold.
(Pub. L. 106–200, title I, § 121, May 18, 2000, 114 Stat. 267.)