dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
21 U.S.C. § 1801 to 1804 (FOOD AND DRUGS)
§§ 1801 to 1804. Repealed. Pub. L. 109–469, title V, § 501(b), Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3533
text: Section 1801, Pub. L. 105–277, div. D, title I, § 102, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–752, related to requirement to conduct national media campaign.
text: Section 1802, Pub. L. 105–277, div. D, title I, § 103, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–752, related to use of funds.
text: Section 1803, Pub. L. 105–277, div. D, title I, § 104, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–753, related to reports to Congress.
text: Section 1804, Pub. L. 105–277, div. D, title I, § 105, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–753, related to authorization of appropriations.
heading: Short Title
text: Pub. L. 105–277, div. D, § 1(a), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–751, provided that: “This division [enacting this chapter and section 7144 of Title 20, Education, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section, section 1703 of this title, section 6301 of Title 20, and section 3751 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare] may be cited as the ‘Drug Demand Reduction Act’.”
Pub. L. 105–277, div. D, title I, § 101, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–752, which provided that subtitle A (§§ 101–105) of title I of div. D of Pub. L. 105–277, enacting this chapter, was to be cited as the “Drug-Free Media Campaign Act of 1998”, was repealed by Pub. L. 109–469, title V, § 501(b), Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3533.
21 U.S.C. § 1901 (FOOD AND DRUGS)
§ 1901. Findings and policy
(a) Findings
Congress makes the following findings:
(1) Presidential Decision Directive 42, issued on October 21, 1995, ordered agencies of the executive branch of the United States Government to, inter alia, increase the priority and resources devoted to the direct and immediate threat international crime presents to national security, work more closely with other governments to develop a global response to this threat, and use aggressively and creatively all legal means available to combat international crime.
(2) Executive Order No. 12978 of October 21, 1995, provides for the use of the authorities in the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to target and apply sanctions to four international narcotics traffickers and their organizations that operate from Colombia.
(3) IEEPA was successfully applied to international narcotics traffickers in Colombia and based on that successful case study, Congress believes similar authorities should be applied worldwide.
(4) There is a national emergency resulting from the activities of international narcotics traffickers and their organizations that threatens the national security, foreign policy, and economy of the United States.
(b) Policy
It shall be the policy of the United States to apply economic and other financial sanctions to significant foreign narcotics traffickers and their organizations worldwide to protect the national security, foreign policy, and economy of the United States from the threat described in subsection (a)(4) of this section.
(Pub. L. 106–120, title VIII, § 802, Dec. 3, 1999, 113 Stat. 1626.)
heading: References in Text
text: Executive Order No. 12978, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), is Ex. Ord. No. 12978, Oct. 21, 1995, 60 F.R. 54579, which is listed in a table under section 1701 of Title 50, War and National Defense.
The International Emergency Economic Powers Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), is title II of Pub. L. 95–223, Dec. 28, 1977, 91 Stat. 1626, as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 35 (§ 1701 et seq.) of Title 50, War and National Defense. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1701 of Title 50 and Tables.
heading: Effective Date
text: Pub. L. 106–120, title VIII, § 811, Dec. 3, 1999, 113 Stat. 1636, provided that: “This title [see Short Title note set out below] shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 3, 1999].”
heading: Short Title
text: Pub. L. 106–120, title VIII, § 801, Dec. 3, 1999, 113 Stat. 1626, provided that: “This title [enacting this chapter and amending section 1182 of Title 8, Aliens and Nationality] may be cited as the ‘Foreign Narcotics Kingpin Designation Act’.”
21 U.S.C. § 1902 (FOOD AND DRUGS)
§ 1902. Purpose
The purpose of this chapter is to provide authority for the identification of, and application of sanctions on a worldwide basis to, significant foreign narcotics traffickers, their organizations, and the foreign persons who provide support to those significant foreign narcotics traffickers and their organizations, whose activities threaten the national security, foreign policy, and economy of the United States.
(Pub. L. 106–120, title VIII, § 803, Dec. 3, 1999, 113 Stat. 1626.)
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this title”, meaning title VIII of Pub. L. 106–120, Dec. 3, 1999, 113 Stat. 1626, which is classified generally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1901 of this title and Tables.
21 U.S.C. § 1905 (FOOD AND DRUGS)
§ 1905. Authorities
(a) In general
To carry out the purposes of this chapter, the Secretary of the Treasury may, under such regulations as he may prescribe, by means of instructions, licenses, or otherwise—
(1) investigate, regulate, or prohibit—
(A) any transactions in foreign exchange, currency, or securities; and
(B) transfers of credit or payments between, by, through, or to any banking institution, to the extent that such transfers or payments involve any interests of any foreign country or a national thereof; and
(2) investigate, block during the pendency of an investigation, regulate, direct and compel, nullify, void, prevent, or prohibit any acquisition, holding, withholding, use, transfer, withdrawal, transportation, placement into foreign or domestic commerce of, or dealing in, or exercising any right, power, or privilege with respect to, or transactions involving, any property in which any foreign country or a national thereof has any interest,
by any person, or with respect to any property, subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.
(b) Recordkeeping
Pursuant to subsection (a) of this section, the Secretary of the Treasury may require recordkeeping, reporting, and production of documents to carry out the purposes of this chapter.
(c) Defenses
(1) Full and actual compliance with any regulation, order, license, instruction, or direction issued under this chapter shall be a defense in any proceeding alleging a violation of any of the provisions of this chapter.
(2) No person shall be held liable in any court for or with respect to anything done or omitted in good faith in connection with the administration of, or pursuant to, and in reliance on this chapter, or any regulation, instruction, or direction issued under this chapter.
(d) Rulemaking
The Secretary of the Treasury may issue such other regulations or orders, including regulations prescribing recordkeeping, reporting, and production of documents, definitions, licenses, instructions, or directions, as may be necessary for the exercise of the authorities granted by this chapter.
(Pub. L. 106–120, title VIII, § 806, Dec. 3, 1999, 113 Stat. 1631.)
21 U.S.C. § 1906 (FOOD AND DRUGS)
§ 1906. Enforcement
(a) Criminal penalties
(1) Whoever willfully violates the provisions of this chapter, or any license rule, or regulation issued pursuant to this chapter, or willfully neglects or refuses to comply with any order of the President issued under this chapter shall be—
(A) imprisoned for not more than 10 years,
(B) fined in the amount provided in title 18 or, in the case of an entity, fined not more than $10,000,000,
or both.
(2) Any officer, director, or agent of any entity who knowingly participates in a violation of the provisions of this chapter shall be imprisoned for not more than 30 years, fined not more than $5,000,000, or both.
(b) Civil penalties
A civil penalty not to exceed $1,000,000 may be imposed by the Secretary of the Treasury on any person who violates any license, order, rule, or regulation issued in compliance with the provisions of this chapter.
(c) Judicial review of civil penalty
Any penalty imposed under subsection (b) of this section shall be subject to judicial review only to the extent provided in section 702 of title 5.
(Pub. L. 106–120, title VIII, § 807, Dec. 3, 1999, 113 Stat. 1631.)
21 U.S.C. § 1907 (FOOD AND DRUGS)
§ 1907. Definitions
As used in this chapter:
(1) Entity
The term “entity” means a partnership, joint venture, association, corporation, organization, network, group, or subgroup, or any form of business collaboration.
(2) Foreign person
The term “foreign person” means any citizen or national of a foreign state or any entity not organized under the laws of the United States, but does not include a foreign state.
(3) Narcotics trafficking
The term “narcotics trafficking” means any illicit activity to cultivate, produce, manufacture, distribute, sell, finance, or transport narcotic drugs, controlled substances, or listed chemicals, or otherwise endeavor or attempt to do so, or to assist, abet, conspire, or collude with others to do so.
(4) Narcotic drug; controlled substance; listed chemical
The terms “narcotic drug”, “controlled substance”, and “listed chemical” have the meanings given those terms in section 802 of this title.
(5) Person
The term “person” means an individual or entity.
(6) United States person
The term “United States person” means any United States citizen or national, permanent resident alien, an entity organized under the laws of the United States (including its foreign branches), or any person within the United States.
(7) Significant foreign narcotics trafficker
The term “significant foreign narcotics trafficker” means any foreign person that plays a significant role in international narcotics trafficking, that the President has determined to be appropriate for sanctions pursuant to this chapter, and that the President has publicly identified in the report required under subsection (b) or (h)(1) of section 1903 of this title.
(Pub. L. 106–120, title VIII, § 808, Dec. 3, 1999, 113 Stat. 1632.)
21 U.S.C. § 2001 (FOOD AND DRUGS)
§ 2001. Designation of United States Anti-Doping Agency
(a) Definitions
In this subchapter:
(1) United States Olympic Committee
The term “United States Olympic Committee” means the organization established by the “Ted Stevens Olympic and Amateur Sports Act” (36 U.S.C. 220501 et seq.).
(2) Amateur athletic competition
The term “amateur athletic competition” means a contest, game, meet, match, tournament, regatta, or other event in which amateur athletes compete (36 U.S.C. 220501(b)(2)).
(3) Amateur athlete
The term “amateur athlete” means an athlete who meets the eligibility standards established by the national governing body or paralympic sports organization for the sport in which the athlete competes (36 U.S.C. 22501(b)(1)).1
(4) Gene doping
The term “gene doping” means the nontherapeutic use of cells, genes, genetic elements, or of the modulation of gene expression, having the capacity to enhance athletic performance.
(b) In general
The United States Anti-Doping Agency shall—
(1) serve as the independent anti-doping organization for the amateur athletic competitions recognized by the United States Olympic Committee;
(2) ensure that athletes participating in amateur athletic activities recognized by the United States Olympic Committee are prevented from using performance-enhancing drugs, or performance-enhancing genetic modifications accomplished through gene-doping;
(3) implement anti-doping education, research, testing, and adjudication programs to prevent United States Amateur Athletes participating in any activity recognized by the United States Olympic Committee from using performance-enhancing drugs, or performance-enhancing genetic modifications accomplished through gene-doping;
(4) serve as the United States representative responsible for coordination with other anti-doping organizations coordinating amateur athletic competitions recognized by the United States Olympic Committee to ensure the integrity of athletic competition, the health of the athletes and the prevention of use of performance-enhancing drugs, or performance-enhancing genetic modifications accomplished through gene-doping by United States amateur athletes; and
(5) permanently include “gene doping” among any list of prohibited substances adopted by the Agency.
(Pub. L. 109–469, title VII, § 701, Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3533.)
heading: References in Text
text: The Ted Stevens Olympic and Amateur Sports Act, referred to in subsec. (a)(1), is chapter 2205 of Title 36, Patriotic and National Observances, Ceremonies, and Organizations.
heading: Short Title
text: Pub. L. 109–469, title X, § 1001, Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3537, provided that: “This title [enacting subchapter II of this chapter] may be cited as the ‘National Methamphetamine Information Clearinghouse Act of 2006’.”
21 U.S.C. § 2002 (FOOD AND DRUGS)
§ 2002. Records, audit, and report
(a) Records
The United States Anti-Doping Agency shall keep correct and complete records of account.
(b) Report
The United States Anti-Doping Agency shall submit an annual report to Congress which shall include—
(1) an audit conducted and submitted in accordance with section 10101 of title 36; and
(2) a description of the activities of the agency.
(Pub. L. 109–469, title VII, § 702, Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3534.)
21 U.S.C. § 2003 (FOOD AND DRUGS)
§ 2003. Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to the United States Anti-Doping Agency—
(1) for fiscal year 2007, $9,700,000;
(2) for fiscal year 2008, $10,300,000;
(3) for fiscal year 2009, $10,600,000;
(4) for fiscal year 2010, $11,000,000; and
(5) for fiscal year 2011, $11,500,000.
(Pub. L. 109–469, title VII, § 703, Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3534.)
21 U.S.C. § 2011 (FOOD AND DRUGS)
§ 2011. Definitions
In this subchapter—
(1) the term “Council” means the National Methamphetamine Advisory Council established under section 2012(b)(1) of this title;
(2) the term “drug endangered children” means children whose physical, mental, or emotional health are at risk because of the production, use, or other effects of methamphetamine production or use by another person;
(3) the term “National Methamphetamine Information Clearinghouse” or “NMIC” means the information clearinghouse established under section 2012(a) of this title; and
(4) the term “qualified entity” means a State, local, or tribal government, school board, or public health, law enforcement, nonprofit, community anti-drug coalition, or other nongovernmental organization providing services related to methamphetamines.
(Pub. L. 109–469, title X, § 1002, Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3537.)
21 U.S.C. § 2012 (FOOD AND DRUGS)
§ 2012. Establishment of clearinghouse and advisory council
(a) Clearinghouse
There is established, under the supervision of the Attorney General of the United States, an information clearinghouse to be known as the National Methamphetamine Information Clearinghouse.
(b) Advisory council
(1) In general
There is established an advisory council to be known as the National Methamphetamine Advisory Council.
(2) Membership
The Council shall consist of 10 members appointed by the Attorney General—
(A) not fewer than 3 of whom shall be representatives of law enforcement agencies;
(B) not fewer than 4 of whom shall be representatives of nongovernmental and nonprofit organizations providing services or training and implementing programs or strategies related to methamphetamines; and
(C) 1 of whom shall be a representative of the Department of Health and Human Services.
(3) Period of appointment; vacancies
Members shall be appointed for 3 years. Any vacancy in the Council shall not affect its powers, but shall be filled in the same manner as the original appointment.
(4) Personnel matters
(A) Travel expenses
The members of the Council shall be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, at rates authorized for employees of agencies under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, while away from their homes or regular places of business in the performance of services for the Council.
(B) No compensation
The members of the Council shall not receive compensation for the performance of the duties of a member of the Council.
(Pub. L. 109–469, title X, § 1003, Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3538.)
21 U.S.C. § 2013 (FOOD AND DRUGS)
§ 2013. NMIC requirements and review
(a) In general
The NMIC shall promote sharing information regarding successful law enforcement, treatment, environmental, prevention, social services, and other programs related to the production, use, or effects of methamphetamine and grants available for such programs.
(b) Components
The NMIC shall include—
(1) a toll-free number; and
(2) a website that provides a searchable database, which—
(A) provides information on the short-term and long-term effects of methamphetamine use;
(B) provides information regarding methamphetamine treatment and prevention programs and strategies and programs for drug endangered children, including descriptions of successful programs and strategies and contact information for such programs and strategies;
(C) provides information regarding grants for methamphetamine-related programs, including contact information and links to websites;
(D) allows a qualified entity to submit items to be posted on the website regarding successful public or private programs or other useful information related to the production, use, or effects of methamphetamine;
(E) includes a restricted section that may only be accessed by a law enforcement organization that contains successful strategies, training techniques, and other information that the Council determines helpful to law enforcement agency efforts to identify or combat the production, use, or effects of methamphetamine;
(F) allows public access to all information not in a restricted section; and
(G) contains any additional information the Council determines may be useful in identifying or combating the production, use, or effects of methamphetamine.
Thirty days after the website in paragraph (2) is operational, no funds shall be expended to continue the website methresources.gov.
(c) Review of posted information
(1) In general
Not later than 30 days after the date of submission of an item by a qualified entity, the Council shall review an item submitted for posting on the website described in subsection (b)(2)—
(A) to evaluate and determine whether the item, as submitted or as modified, meets the requirements for posting; and
(B) in consultation with the Attorney General, to determine whether the item should be posted in a restricted section of the website.
(2) Determination
Not later than 45 days after the date of submission of an item, the Council shall—
(A) post the item on the website described in subsection (b)(2); or
(B) notify the qualified entity that submitted the item regarding the reason such item shall not be posted and modifications, if any, that the qualified entity may make to allow the item to be posted.
(Pub. L. 109–469, title X, § 1004, Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3538.)
21 U.S.C. § 2014 (FOOD AND DRUGS)
§ 2014. Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated—
(1) for fiscal year 2007—
(A) $500,000 to establish the NMIC and Council; and
(B) such sums as are necessary for the operation of the NMIC and Council; and
(2) for each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009, such sums as are necessary for the operation of the NMIC and Council.
(Pub. L. 109–469, title X, § 1005, Dec. 29, 2006, 120 Stat. 3539.)
21 U.S.C. § 2101 (FOOD AND DRUGS)
§ 2101. Findings
Congress finds that—
(1) the safety and integrity of the United States food supply are vital to public health, to public confidence in the food supply, and to the success of the food sector of the Nation’s economy;
(2) illnesses and deaths of individuals and companion animals caused by contaminated food—
(A) have contributed to a loss of public confidence in food safety; and
(B) have caused significant economic losses to manufacturers and producers not responsible for contaminated food items;
(3) the task of preserving the safety of the food supply of the United States faces tremendous pressures with regard to—
(A) emerging pathogens and other contaminants and the ability to detect all forms of contamination;
(B) an increasing volume of imported food from a wide variety of countries; and
(C) a shortage of adequate resources for monitoring and inspection;
(4) according to the Economic Research Service of the Department of Agriculture, the United States is increasing the amount of food that it imports such that—
(A) from 2003 to 2007, the value of food imports has increased from $45,600,000,000 to $64,000,000,000; and
(B) imported food accounts for 13 percent of the average American diet including 31 percent of fruits, juices, and nuts, 9.5 percent of red meat, and 78.6 percent of fish and shellfish; and
(5) the number of full-time equivalent Food and Drug Administration employees conducting inspections has decreased from 2003 to 2007.
(Pub. L. 110–85, title X, § 1001, Sept. 27, 2007, 121 Stat. 962.)
21 U.S.C. § 2102 (FOOD AND DRUGS)
§ 2102. Ensuring the safety of pet food
(a) Processing and ingredient standards
Not later than 2 years after September 27, 2007, the Secretary of Health and Human Services (referred to in this chapter as the “Secretary”), in consultation with the Association of American Feed Control Officials and other relevant stakeholder groups, including veterinary medical associations, animal health organizations, and pet food manufacturers, shall by regulation establish—
(1) ingredient standards and definitions with respect to pet food;
(2) processing standards for pet food; and
(3) updated standards for the labeling of pet food that include nutritional and ingredient information.
(b) Early warning surveillance systems and notification during pet food recalls
Not later than 1 year after September 27, 2007, the Secretary shall establish an early warning and surveillance system to identify adulteration of the pet food supply and outbreaks of illness associated with pet food. In establishing such system, the Secretary shall—
(1) consider using surveillance and monitoring mechanisms similar to, or in coordination with, those used to monitor human or animal health, such as the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) and PulseNet of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Food Emergency Response Network of the Food and Drug Administration and the Department of Agriculture, and the National Animal Health Laboratory Network of the Department of Agriculture;
(2) consult with relevant professional associations and private sector veterinary hospitals;
(3) work with the National Companion Animal Surveillance Program, the Health Alert Network, or other notification networks as appropriate to inform veterinarians and relevant stakeholders during any recall of pet food; and
(4) use such information and conduct such other activities as the Secretary deems appropriate.
(Pub. L. 110–85, title X, § 1002, Sept. 27, 2007, 121 Stat. 963.)
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “this title”, meaning title X of Pub. L. 110–85, Sept. 27, 2007, 121 Stat. 962, which enacted this chapter and section 350f of this title, amended sections 321 and 331 of this title, and enacted provisions set out as notes under sections 350f and 2110 of this title. For complete classification of title X to the Code, see Tables.