dreamproit/uscode huggingface dataset:
22 U.S.C. § 7651 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7651. Findings
Congress makes the following findings:
(1) Approximately 2,000 children around the world are infected each day with HIV through mother-to-child transmission. Transmission can occur during pregnancy, labor, and delivery or through breast feeding. Over 90 percent of these cases are in developing nations with little or no access to public health facilities.
(2) Mother-to-child transmission is largely preventable with the proper application of pharmaceuticals, therapies, and other public health interventions.
(3) Certain antiretroviral drugs reduce mother-to-child transmission by nearly 50 percent. Universal availability of this drug could prevent up to 400,000 infections per year and dramatically reduce the number of AIDS-related deaths.
(4) At the United Nations Special Session on HIV/AIDS in June 2001, the United States committed to the specific goals with respect to the prevention of mother-to-child transmission, including the goals of reducing the proportion of infants infected with HIV by 20 percent by the year 2005 and by 50 percent by the year 2010, as specified in the Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS adopted by the United Nations General Assembly at the Special Session.
(5) Several United States Government agencies including the United States Agency for International Development and the Centers for Disease Control are already supporting programs to prevent mother-to-child transmission in resource-poor nations and have the capacity to expand these programs rapidly by working closely with foreign governments and nongovernmental organizations.
(6) Efforts to prevent mother-to-child transmission can provide the basis for a broader response that includes care and treatment of mothers, fathers, and other family members who are infected with HIV or living with AIDS.
(7) HIV/AIDS has devastated the lives of countless children and families across the globe. Since the epidemic began, an estimated 13,200,000 children under the age of 15 have been orphaned by AIDS, that is they have lost their mother or both parents to the disease. The Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) estimates that this number will double by the year 2010.
(8) HIV/AIDS also targets young people between the ages of 15 to 24, particularly young women, many of whom carry the burden of caring for family members living with HIV/AIDS. An estimated 10,300,000 young people are now living with HIV/AIDS. One-half of all new infections are occurring among this age group.
(Pub. L. 108–25, title III, § 311, May 27, 2003, 117 Stat. 740.)
22 U.S.C. § 7653 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7653. Annual reports on prevention of mother-to-child transmission of the HIV infection
(a) In general
Not later than 1 year after May 27, 2003, and annually thereafter for a period of 10 years, the President shall submit to appropriate congressional committees a report on the activities of relevant executive branch agencies during the reporting period to assist in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of the HIV infection.
(b) Report elements
Each report shall include—
(1) a statement of whether or not all relevant executive branch agencies have met the goal described in section 7652(b)(1) of this title; and
(2) a description of efforts made by the relevant executive branch agencies to expand those activities, including—
(A) information on the number of sites supported for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of the HIV infection;
(B) the specific activities supported;
(C) the number of women tested and counseled; and
(D) the number of women receiving preventative drug therapies.
(c) Reporting period defined
In this section, the term “reporting period” means, in the case of the initial report, the period since May 27, 2003, and, in the case of any subsequent report, the period since the date of submission of the most recent report.
(Pub. L. 108–25, title III, § 313, May 27, 2003, 117 Stat. 741; Pub. L. 110–293, title III, § 308, July 30, 2008, 122 Stat. 2964.)
heading: Amendments
text: 2008—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 110–293 substituted “10 years” for “5 years”.
heading: Delegation of Functions
text: For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title, and Memorandum of President of Feb. 23, 2004, 69 F.R. 9509, set out as a note under section 7611 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 7654 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7654. Pilot program of assistance for children and families affected by HIV/AIDS
(a) In general
The President, acting through the United States Agency for International Development, should establish a program of assistance that would demonstrate the feasibility of the provision of care and treatment to orphans and other children and young people affected by HIV/AIDS in foreign countries.
(b) Program requirements
The program should—
(1) build upon and be integrated into programs administered as of May 27, 2003, by the relevant executive branch agencies for children affected by HIV/AIDS;
(2) work in conjunction with indigenous community-based programs and activities, particularly those that offer proven services for children;
(3) reduce the stigma of HIV/AIDS to encourage vulnerable children infected with HIV or living with AIDS and their family members and caregivers to avail themselves of voluntary counseling and testing, and related programs, including treatments;
(4) ensure the importance of inheritance rights of women, particularly women in African countries, due to the exponential growth in the number of young widows, orphaned girls, and grandmothers becoming heads of households as a result of the HIV/AIDS pandemic;
(5) provide, in conjunction with other relevant executive branch agencies, the range of services for the care and treatment, including the provision of antiretrovirals and other necessary pharmaceuticals, of children, parents, and caregivers infected with HIV or living with AIDS;
(6) provide nutritional support and food security, and the improvement of overall family health;
(7) work with parents, caregivers, and community-based organizations to provide children with educational opportunities; and
(8) provide appropriate counseling and legal assistance for the appointment of guardians and the handling of other issues relating to the protection of children.
(c) Report
Not later than 18 months after May 27, 2003, the President should submit a report on the implementation of this section to the appropriate congressional committees. Such report should include a description of activities undertaken to carry out subsection (b)(4).
(d) Authorization of appropriations
(1) In general
In addition to amounts otherwise available for such purpose, there are authorized to be appropriated to the President, from amounts authorized to be appropriated under section 7671 of this title, such sums as may be necessary for each of the fiscal years 2004 through 2008 to carry out the program. A significant percentage of the amount appropriated pursuant to the authorization of appropriations under the preceding sentence for a fiscal year should be made available to carry out subsection (b)(4).
(2) Availability of funds
Amounts appropriated pursuant to paragraph (1) are authorized to remain available until expended.
(Pub. L. 108–25, title III, § 314, May 27, 2003, 117 Stat. 742.)
heading: Delegation of Functions
text: For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title.
22 U.S.C. § 7671 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7671. Authorization of appropriations
(a) In general
There are authorized to be appropriated to the President to carry out this chapter and the amendments made by this chapter $48,000,000,000 for the 5-year period beginning on October 1, 2008.
(b) Availability
Amounts appropriated pursuant to the authorization of appropriations in subsection (a) are authorized to remain available until expended.
(c) Availability of authorizations
Authorizations of appropriations under subsection (a) shall remain available until the appropriations are made.
(Pub. L. 108–25, title IV, § 401, May 27, 2003, 117 Stat. 745; Pub. L. 110–293, title IV, § 401(a), July 30, 2008, 122 Stat. 2966.)
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original “this Act”, meaning Pub. L. 108–25, May 27, 2003, 117 Stat. 711, which is classified principally to this chapter. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 7601 of this title and Tables.
heading: Amendments
text: 2008—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 110–293 substituted “$48,000,000,000 for the 5-year period beginning on October 1, 2008” for “$3,000,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2004 through 2008”.
22 U.S.C. § 7672 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7672. Sense of Congress
(a) Increase in HIV/AIDS antiretroviral treatment
It is a sense of the Congress that an urgent priority of United States assistance programs to fight HIV/AIDS should be the rapid increase in distribution of antiretroviral treatment so that—
(1) by the end of fiscal year 2004, at least 500,000 individuals with HIV/AIDS are receiving antiretroviral treatment through United States assistance programs;
(2) by the end of fiscal year 2005, at least 1,000,000 such individuals are receiving such treatment; and
(3) by the end of fiscal year 2006, at least 2,000,000 such individuals are receiving such treatment.
(b) Effective distribution of HIV/AIDS funds
It is the sense of Congress that, of the amounts appropriated pursuant to the authorization of appropriations under section 7671 of this title for HIV/AIDS assistance, 10 percent should be used for orphans and vulnerable children.
(Pub. L. 108–25, title IV, § 402, May 27, 2003, 117 Stat. 745; Pub. L. 110–293, title IV, § 402, July 30, 2008, 122 Stat. 2966.)
heading: Amendments
text: 2008—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 110–293 substituted “10 percent should be used” for “an effective distribution of such amounts would be—
“(1) 55 percent of such amounts for treatment of individuals with HIV/AIDS;
“(2) 15 percent of such amounts for palliative care of individuals with HIV/AIDS;
“(3) 20 percent of such amounts for HIV/AIDS prevention consistent with section 2151b–2(d) of this title, of which such amount at least 33 percent should be expended for abstinence-until-marriage programs; and
“(4) 10 percent of such amounts”.
22 U.S.C. § 7674 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7674. Assistance from the United States private sector to prevent and reduce HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa
It is the sense of Congress that United States businesses should be encouraged to provide assistance to sub-Saharan African countries to prevent and reduce the incidence of HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa. In providing such assistance, United States businesses should be encouraged to consider the establishment of an HIV/AIDS Response Fund in order to provide for coordination among such businesses in the collection and distribution of the assistance to sub-Saharan African countries.
(Pub. L. 108–25, title IV, § 404, May 27, 2003, 117 Stat. 746.)
22 U.S.C. § 7681 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7681. Report on expansion of debt relief to non-HIPC countries
(a) In general
Not later than 90 days after May 27, 2003, the Secretary of the Treasury shall submit to Congress a report on—
(1) the options and costs associated with the expansion of debt relief provided by the Enhanced HIPC Initiative to include poor countries that were not eligible for inclusion in the Enhanced HIPC Initiative;
(2) options for burden-sharing among donor countries and multilateral institutions of costs associated with the expansion of debt relief; and
(3) options, in addition to debt relief, to ensure debt sustainability in poor countries, particularly in cases when the poor country has suffered an external economic shock or a natural disaster.
(b) Specific options to be considered
Among the options for the expansion of debt relief provided by the Enhanced HIPC Initiative, consideration should be given to making eligible for that relief poor countries for which outstanding public and publicly guaranteed debt requires annual payments in excess of 10 percent or, in the case of a country suffering a public health crisis (as defined in section 262p–8(e) of this title), not more than 5 percent, of the amount of the annual current revenues received by the country from internal resources.
(c) Enhanced HIPC Initiative defined
In this section, the term “Enhanced HIPC Initiative” means the multilateral debt initiative for heavily indebted poor countries presented in the Report of G–7 Finance Ministers on the Cologne Debt Initiative to the Cologne Economic Summit, Cologne, June 18–20, 1999.
(Pub. L. 108–25, title V, § 502, May 27, 2003, 117 Stat. 749.)
22 U.S.C. § 7682 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7682. Authorization of appropriations
(a) In general
There are authorized to be appropriated to the President such sums as may be necessary for the fiscal year 2004 and each fiscal year thereafter to carry out section 262p–8 of this title.
(b) Availability of funds
Amounts appropriated pursuant to subsection (a) are authorized to remain available until expended.
(Pub. L. 108–25, title V, § 503, May 27, 2003, 117 Stat. 749.)
22 U.S.C. § 7701 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7701. Purposes
The purposes of this chapter are—
(1) to provide United States assistance for global development through the Millennium Challenge Corporation, as described in section 7703 of this title; and
(2) to provide such assistance in a manner that promotes economic growth and the elimination of extreme poverty and strengthens good governance, economic freedom, and investments in people.
(Pub. L. 108–199, div. D, title VI, § 602, Jan. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 211.)
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this title”, meaning title VI of Pub. L. 108–199, div. D, Jan. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 211, which is classified generally to this chapter. For complete classification of this title to the Code, see Short Title note set out below and Tables.
heading: Short Title
text: Pub. L. 108–199, div. D, title VI, § 601, Jan. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 211, provided that: “This title [enacting this chapter and amending section 5313 of Title 5, Government Organizations and Employees, and section 9101 of Title 31, Money and Finance] may be cited as the ‘Millennium Challenge Act of 2003’.”
22 U.S.C. § 7702 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7702. Definitions
In this chapter:
(1) Appropriate congressional committees
The term “appropriate congressional committees” means—
(A) the Committee on International Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and
(B) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate.
(2) Board
The term “Board” means the Board of Directors of the Corporation established pursuant to section 7703(c) of this title.
(3) Candidate country
The term “candidate country” means a country that meets the requirements of section 7705 of this title.
(4) Chief Executive Officer
The term “Chief Executive Officer” means the chief executive officer of the Corporation appointed pursuant to section 7703(b) of this title.
(5) Compact
The term “Compact” means a Millennium Challenge Compact described in section 7708 of this title.
(6) Corporation
The term “Corporation” means the Millennium Challenge Corporation established by section 7703(a) of this title.
(7) Eligible country
The term “eligible country” means a candidate country that is determined, under section 7706 of this title, to be an eligible country to receive assistance under section 7704 of this title.
(8) Investments in the people
The term “investments in the people” means government policies or programs of an eligible country that promote the health, education, and other factors which contribute to the well-being and productivity of their people, such as decent, affordable housing for all.
(Pub. L. 108–199, div. D, title VI, § 603, Jan. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 211; Pub. L. 108–447, div. D, title V, § 534(q), Dec. 8, 2004, 118 Stat. 3008.)
heading: References in Text
text: This chapter, referred to in text, was in the original “this title”, meaning title VI of Pub. L. 108–199, div. D, Jan. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 211, which is classified generally to this chapter. For complete classification of this title to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 7701 of this title and Tables.
heading: Amendments
text: 2004—Par. (8). Pub. L. 108–447 added par. (8).
heading: Change of Name
text: Committee on International Relations of House of Representatives changed to Committee on Foreign Affairs of House of Representatives by House Resolution No. 6, One Hundred Tenth Congress, Jan. 5, 2007.
22 U.S.C. § 7707 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7707. Congressional and public notification of candidate countries, eligibility criteria, and eligible countries
(a) Identification of candidate countries
Not later than 90 days prior to the date on which the Board determines eligible countries under section 7706 of this title for a fiscal year, the Chief Executive Officer—
(1) shall prepare and submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that contains a list of all candidate countries identified under section 7705 of this title, and all countries that would be candidate countries if the countries met the requirement contained in section 7705(a)(1)(B) of this title, for the fiscal year; and
(2) shall publish in the Federal Register the information contained in the report described in paragraph (1).
(b) Identification of eligibility criteria and methodology
Not later than 60 days prior to the date on which the Board determines eligible countries under section 7706 of this title for a fiscal year, the Chief Executive Officer—
(1) shall prepare and submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that contains a list of the criteria and methodology described in subsections (a) and (b) of section 7706 of this title that will be used to determine eligibility for each candidate country identified under subsection (a);
(2) shall publish in the Federal Register the information contained in the report described in paragraph (1); and
(3) may conduct one or more public hearings on the eligibility criteria and methodology.
(c) Public comment and congressional consultation
(1) Public comment
The Chief Executive Officer shall, for the 30-day period beginning on the date of publication in the Federal Register of the information contained in the report described in subsection (b)(1), accept public comment and consider such comment for purposes of determining eligible countries under section 7706 of this title.
(2) Congressional consultation
The Chief Executive Officer shall consult with the appropriate congressional committees on the extent to which the candidate countries meet the criteria described in section 7706(b) of this title.
(d) Identification of eligible countries
Not later than 5 days after the date on which the Board determines eligible countries under section 7706 of this title for a fiscal year, the Chief Executive Officer—
(1) shall prepare and submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that contains a list of all such eligible countries, an identification of those countries on such list with respect to which the Board will seek to enter into a Compact under section 7708 of this title, and a justification for such eligibility determination and selection for Compact negotiation; and
(2) shall publish in the Federal Register the information contained in the report described in paragraph (1).
(Pub. L. 108–199, div. D, title VI, § 608, Jan. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 217.)
22 U.S.C. § 7709 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7709. Congressional and public notification of Compact
(a) Congressional consultation prior to Compact negotiations
Not later than 15 days prior to the start of negotiations of a Compact with an eligible country, the Board, acting through the Chief Executive Officer—
(1) shall consult with the appropriate congressional committees with respect to the proposed Compact negotiation; and
(2) shall identify the objectives and mechanisms to be used for the negotiation of the Compact.
(b) Congressional and public notification after entering into a Compact
Not later than 10 days after entering into a Compact with an eligible country, the Board, acting through the Chief Executive Officer—
(1) shall provide notification of the Compact to the appropriate congressional committees, including a detailed summary of the Compact and a copy of the text of the Compact; and
(2) shall publish such detailed summary and the text of the Compact in the Federal Register and on the Internet website of the Corporation.
(Pub. L. 108–199, div. D, title VI, § 610, Jan. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 220.)
22 U.S.C. § 7710 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7710. Suspension and termination of assistance
(a) Suspension and termination of assistance
After consultation with the Board, the Chief Executive Officer may suspend or terminate assistance in whole or in part for a country or entity under section 7704 of this title if the Chief Executive Officer determines that—
(1) the country or entity is engaged in activities which are contrary to the national security interests of the United States;
(2) the country or entity has engaged in a pattern of actions inconsistent with the criteria used to determine the eligibility of the country or entity, as the case may be; or
(3) the country or entity has failed to adhere to its responsibilities under the Compact.
(b) Reinstatement
The Chief Executive Officer may reinstate assistance for a country or entity under section 7704 of this title only if the Chief Executive Officer determines that the country or entity has demonstrated a commitment to correcting each condition for which assistance was suspended or terminated under subsection (a).
(c) Congressional notification
Not later than 3 days after the date on which the Chief Executive Officer suspends or terminates assistance under subsection (a) for a country or entity, or reinstates assistance under subsection (b) for a country or entity, the Chief Executive Officer shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that contains the determination of the Chief Executive Officer under subsection (a) or subsection (b), as the case may be.
(d) Rule of construction
The authority to suspend or terminate assistance under this section includes the authority to suspend or terminate obligations and sub-obligations.
(Pub. L. 108–199, div. D, title VI, § 611, Jan. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 220.)
22 U.S.C. § 7711 (FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE)
§ 7711. Disclosure
(a) Requirement for disclosure
The Corporation shall make available to the public on at least a quarterly basis, the following information:
(1) For assistance provided under section 7704 of this title—
(A) the name of each entity to which assistance is provided;
(B) the amount of assistance provided to the entity; and
(C) a description of the program or project, including—
(i) a description of whether the program or project was solicited or unsolicited; and
(ii) a detailed description of the objectives and measures for results of the program or project.
(2) For funds allocated or transferred under section 7718(b) of this title—
(A) the name of each United States Government agency to which such funds are transferred or allocated;
(B) the amount of funds transferred or allocated to such agency; and
(C) a description of the program or project to be carried out by such agency with such funds.
(b) Dissemination
The information required to be disclosed under subsection (a) shall be made available to the public by means of publication in the Federal Register and on the Internet website of the Corporation, as well as by any other methods that the Board determines appropriate.
(Pub. L. 108–199, div. D, title VI, § 612, Jan. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 221.)