10 U.S.C. § 14317 (ARMED FORCES)
§ 14317. Officers in transition to and from the active-status list or active-duty list
(a) Effect of Transfer to Inactive Status or Retired Status.—
If a reserve officer on the reserve active-status list is transferred to an inactive status or to a retired status after having been recommended for promotion to a higher grade under this chapter or chapter 36 of this title, or after having been found qualified for Federal recognition in the higher grade under title 32, but before being promoted, the officer—
(1) shall be treated as if the officer had not been considered and recommended for promotion by the selection board or examined and been found qualified for Federal recognition; and
(2) may not be placed on a promotion list or promoted to the higher grade after returning to an active status,
unless the officer is again recommended for promotion by a selection board convened under chapter 36 of this title or section 14101(a) or 14502 of this title or examined for Federal recognition under title 32.
(b) Effect of Placement on Active-Duty List.—
A reserve officer who is on a promotion list as a result of selection for promotion by a mandatory promotion board convened under section 14101(a) or a special selection board convened under section 14502 of this title and who before being promoted is placed on the active-duty list of the same armed force and placed in the same competitive category shall, under regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense, be placed on an appropriate promotion list for officers on the active-duty list established under chapter 36 of this title.
(c) Officers on a Promotion List Removed From Active-Duty List.—
An officer who is on the active-duty list and is on a promotion list as the result of selection for promotion by a selection board convened under chapter 36 of this title and who before being promoted is removed from the active-duty list and placed on the reserve active-status list of the same armed force and in the same competitive category (including a regular officer who on removal from the active-duty list is appointed as a reserve officer and placed on the reserve active-status list) shall, under regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense, be placed on an appropriate promotion list established under this chapter.
(d) Officers Selected for Position Vacancies.—
(1) Except as provided in subsection (e), if a reserve officer is ordered to active duty (other than active duty for training) or full-time National Guard duty (other than full-time National Guard duty for training only) after being recommended for promotion under section 14315 of this title to fill a position vacancy or examined for Federal recognition under title 32, and before being promoted to fill that vacancy, the officer shall not be promoted while serving such active duty or full-time National Guard duty unless the officer—
(A) is ordered to active duty as a member of the unit in which the vacancy exists when that unit is ordered to active duty; or
(B) has been ordered to or is serving on active duty in support of a contingency operation.
(2) If, under this subsection, the name of an officer is removed from a list of officers recommended for promotion, the officer shall be treated as if the officer had not been considered for promotion or examined for Federal recognition.
(e) Officers Ordered to Active Duty in Time of War or National Emergency.—
(1) A reserve officer who is not on the active-duty list and who is ordered to active duty in time of war or national emergency may, if eligible, be considered for promotion—
(A) by a mandatory promotion board convened under section 14101(a) of this title or a special selection board convened under section 14502 of this title; or
(B) in the case of an officer who has been ordered to or is serving on active duty in support of a contingency operation, by a vacancy promotion board convened under section 14101(a) of this title, or by examination for Federal recognition under title 32.
(2) An officer may not be considered for promotion under this subsection after the end of the two-year period beginning on the date on which the officer is ordered to active duty.
(3) An officer may not be considered for promotion under this subsection during a period when the operation of this section has been suspended by the President under section 123(a) of this title.
(4) Consideration of an officer for promotion under this subsection shall be under regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the military department concerned.
(Added Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title XVI, § 1611, Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2945; amended Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title XV, § 1501(b)(26), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 497; Pub. L. 105–85, div. A, title X, § 1073(a)(68), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1904; Pub. L. 108–136, div. A, title V, § 512(a), Nov. 24, 2003, 117 Stat. 1459; Pub. L. 110–417, [div. A], title V, § 513, Oct. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 4441.)
heading: Prior Provisions
text: Provisions similar to those in subsec. (a) of this section were contained in sections 3378, 5906, and 8378 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 103–337, § 1629(a)(1), (b)(2), (c)(1).
heading: Amendments
text: 2008—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 110–417, § 513(a), designated first sentence as par. (1) and second sentence as par. (2) and, in par. (1), substituted “unless the officer—” for “unless the officer”, inserted subpar. (A) designation before “is ordered”, substituted “duty; or” for “duty.”, and added subpar. (B).
Subsec. (e)(1)(B). Pub. L. 110–417, § 513(b), inserted “, or by examination for Federal recognition under title 32” before period at end.
2003—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 108–136, § 512(a)(1), substituted “Except as provided in subsection (e), if a reserve officer” for “If a reserve officer”.
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 108–136, § 512(a)(2), amended heading and text of subsec. (e) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “Under regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the military department concerned, a reserve officer who is not on the active-duty list and who is ordered to active duty in time of war or national emergency may, if eligible, be considered for promotion by a mandatory promotion board convened under section 14101(a) or a special selection board convened under section 14502 of this title for not more than two years from the date the officer is ordered to active duty unless the President suspends the operation of this section under the provisions of section 123 or 10213 of this title.”
1997—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 105–85 substituted “section 14315” for “section 14314”.
1996—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 104–106 inserted heading and substituted “123 or 10213” for “10213 or 644”.
heading: Effective Date of 1996 Amendment
text: Amendment by Pub. L. 104–106 effective as if included in the Reserve Officer Personnel Management Act, title XVI of Pub. L. 103–337, as enacted on Oct. 5, 1994, see section 1501(f)(3) of Pub. L. 104–106, set out as a note under section 113 of this title.