Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on  4 December 2023      [on the report of the First Committee (A/78/414, para. 7)]        78/66. Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty        The General Assembly,     Reiterating that the cessation of nuclear-weapon test explosions or any other  nuclear explosions constitutes an effective nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation  measure, and convinced that this is a meaningful step in the realization of a systematic  process for achieving nuclear disarmament,     Recalling that the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, adopted by the  General Assembly by its resolution 50/245 of 10 September 1996, was opened for  signature on 24 September 1996,     Stressing that a universal and effectively verifiable Treaty constitutes a  fundamental instrument in the field of nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation and  will be a major contribution to international peace and security,     Stressing also the vital importance and urgency of achieving the entry into force  of the Treaty, and affirming its resolute determination, 27 years after the Treaty was  opened for signature, to achieve its entry into force,     Encouraged by the signing of the Treaty by 187 States, including 41 of the 44  whose ratification is needed for its entry into force, and welcoming the ratification of  the Treaty by 178 States, including 36 of the 44 whose ratification is needed for its  entry into force, among which there are 3 nuclear-weapon States,     Recognizing the sustained efforts by the Executive Secretary of the Preparatory  Commission for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization to  promote the universalization of the Treaty, and encouraging their continuation,     Recalling its resolution 77/94 of 7 December 2022,     Recalling also the adoption by consensus of the conclusions and  recommendations for follow-on actions of the 2010 Review Conference of the Parties   A/RES/78/66  Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty   23-24446 2/3    to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons,1 in which the Conference,  inter alia, reaffirmed the vital importance of the entry into force of the Comprehensive  Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty as a core element of the international nuclear disarmament  and non-proliferation regime and included specific actions to be taken in support of  the entry into force of the Treaty,     Recalling further the Final Declaration adopted by the thirteenth Conference on  Facilitating the Entry into Force of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, held  in New York on 22 September 2023, convened pursuant to article XIV of the Treaty,  and recalling the joint statement issued by the Friends of the Comprehensive Nuclear- Test-Ban Treaty on 21 September 2022,    Noting the contribution of diverse and inclusive participation in building and  sustaining momentum for the universalization and entry into force of the Treaty,  including through the Youth Group of the Preparatory Commission for the  Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization,    Welcoming the sustained efforts within the Preparatory Commission for the  Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization for the equal participation of  both men and women in its staff and its capacity-building programmes, and  encouraging the continuation of such efforts,    Welcoming also the continuing progress in the development of the Treaty’s  verification regime, which advances the Treaty’s primary non-proliferation and  disarmament objective, and the establishment of 305 certified facilities of the  International Monitoring System network,    Welcoming further the renewed focus on ensuring the continued operation and  long-term sustainability of the verification regime,    Recognizing the civil and scientific benefits provided by the Treaty’s global  monitoring system,     1.  Stresses the vital importance and urgency of signature and ratification,  without delay and without conditions, in order to achieve the earliest entry into force  of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty;2     2.  Welcomes the contributions by the signatory States to the work of the  Preparatory  Commission  for  the  Comprehensive  Nuclear-Test-Ban  Treaty  Organization, in particular its efforts to ensure that the verification regime of the  Treaty will be capable of meeting the verification requirements of the Treaty upon its  entry into force, in accordance with article IV of the Treaty, and encourages their  continuation;     3.  Underlines the need to maintain momentum towards the completion of all  elements of the verification regime;     4.  Urges all States not to carry out nuclear-weapon test explosions or any  other nuclear explosions, to maintain their moratoriums in this regard and to refrain  from acts that would defeat the object and purpose of the Treaty, while stressing that  these measures do not have the same permanent and legally binding effect as the entry  into force of the Treaty;     5.  Reiterates its condemnation of the six nuclear tests conducted by the  Democratic People’s Republic of Korea in violation of relevant Security Council  __________________    1 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear  Weapons, Final Document, vol. I (NPT/CONF.2010/50 (Vol. I)), part I, Conclusions and  recommendations for follow-on actions.    2 See resolution 50/245 and A/50/1027.   Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty  A/RES/78/66   3/3 23-24446    resolutions, 3  urges full compliance with the obligations under those resolutions,  including that the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea abandon its nuclear  weapons programme and not conduct any further nuclear tests, reaffirms its support  for the complete, verifiable and irreversible denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula  in a peaceful manner, welcomes all efforts and dialogue to this end, and encourages  all parties to continue diplomatic efforts;     6.  Urges all States that have not yet signed or ratified, or that have signed but  not yet ratified, the Treaty, in particular those whose ratification is needed for its entry  into force, to sign and ratify it as soon as possible and to accelerate their ratification  processes with a view to ensuring their earliest successful conclusion;     7.  Welcomes, since the adoption of its previous resolution on the subject, the  signature of the Treaty by Somalia and the ratification of the Treaty by Solomon  Islands and Sri Lanka, since each signature or ratification is a significant step towards  the entry into force and universalization of the Treaty;    8.  Encourages further expressions from among the remaining States whose  ratification is needed for the Treaty to enter into force of their intention to pursue and  complete the ratification process;    9.  Urges all States to remain seized of the issue at the highest political level  and, where in a position to do so, to promote adherence to the Treaty through bilateral  and joint outreach, seminars and other means;    10. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its seventy-ninth session  the item entitled “Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty”.    42nd plenary meeting  4 December 2023    __________________    3 Including Security Council resolutions 1718 (2006), 1874 (2009), 2094 (2013), 2270 (2016),  2321 (2016) and 2375 (2017).