Resolution adopted by the General Assembly  on 4 December 2023          [on the report of the First Committee (A/78/409, para. 89)]        78/44. Reducing nuclear danger        The General Assembly,    Bearing in mind that the use of nuclear weapons poses the most serious threat  to humankind and to the survival of civilization,    Reaffirming that any use or threat of use of nuclear weapons would constitute a  violation of the Charter of the United Nations,    Convinced that the proliferation of nuclear weapons in all its aspects would  seriously enhance the danger of nuclear war,    Convinced also that nuclear disarmament and the complete elimination of  nuclear weapons are essential to remove the danger of nuclear war,    Considering that, until nuclear weapons cease to exist, it is imperative on the  part of the nuclear-weapon States to adopt measures that assure non-nuclear-weapon  States against the use or threat of use of nuclear weapons,    Considering also that the hair-trigger alert of nuclear weapons carries  unacceptable risks of unintentional or accidental use of nuclear weapons, which  would have catastrophic consequences for all humankind,    Emphasizing the need to adopt measures to avoid accidental, unauthorized or  unexplained incidents arising from computer anomalies or other technical  malfunctions,    Conscious that limited steps relating to de-alerting and de-targeting have been  taken by the nuclear-weapon States and that further practical, realistic and mutually  reinforcing steps are necessary to contribute to the improvement in the international  climate for negotiations leading to the elimination of nuclear weapons,   A/RES/78/44  Reducing nuclear danger   23-24510 2/2      Mindful that a diminishing role for nuclear weapons in the security policies of  nuclear-weapon States would have a positive impact on international peace and  security and improve the conditions for the further reduction and the elimination of  nuclear weapons,    Reiterating the highest priority accorded to nuclear disarmament in the Final  Document of the Tenth Special Session of the General Assembly 1  and by the  international community,    Recalling the advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice on the  legality of the threat or use of nuclear weapons2 that there exists an obligation for all  States to pursue in good faith and bring to a conclusion negotiations leading to nuclear  disarmament in all its aspects under strict and effective international control,    Recalling also the call, in the United Nations Millennium Declaration,3 to seek  to eliminate the dangers posed by weapons of mass destruction and the resolve to  strive for the elimination of weapons of mass destruction, particularly nuclear  weapons, including the possibility of convening an international conference to  identify ways of eliminating nuclear dangers,    1.  Calls for a review of nuclear doctrines and, in this context, immediate and  urgent steps to reduce the risks of unintentional and accidental use of nuclear  weapons, including through de-alerting and de-targeting nuclear weapons;    2.  Requests the five nuclear-weapon States to take measures towards the  implementation of paragraph 1 above;    3.  Calls upon Member States to take the measures necessary to prevent the  proliferation of nuclear weapons in all its aspects and to promote nuclear  disarmament, with the objective of eliminating nuclear weapons;    4.  Takes note of the report of the Secretary-General submitted pursuant to  paragraph 5 of its resolution 77/74 of 7 December 2022;4     5.  Requests the Secretary-General to intensify efforts and support initiatives  that would contribute to the full implementation of the seven recommendations  identified in the report of the Advisory Board on Disarmament Matters that would  significantly reduce the risk of nuclear war, 5  and also to continue to encourage  Member States to consider the convening of an international conference, as proposed  in the United Nations Millennium Declaration, to identify ways of eliminating nuclear  dangers, and to report thereon to the General Assembly at its seventy-ninth session;    6.  Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its seventy-ninth session,  under the item entitled “General and complete disarmament”, the sub-item entitled  “Reducing nuclear danger”.     42nd plenary meeting  4 December 2023      __________________    1  Resolution S-10/2.    2  A/51/218, annex.    3  Resolution 55/2.    4  A/78/118.    5  A/56/400, para. 3.