Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 6 December 2006  [on the report of the First Committee (A/61/392)]  61/57. Conclusion of effective international arrangements to  assure non-nuclear-weapon States against the use or threat  of use of nuclear weapons        The General Assembly,    Bearing in mind the need to allay the legitimate concern of the States of the  world with regard to ensuring lasting security for their peoples,    Convinced that nuclear weapons pose the greatest threat to mankind and to the  survival of civilization,    Welcoming the progress achieved in recent years in both nuclear and  conventional disarmament,    Noting that, despite recent progress in the field of nuclear disarmament, further  efforts are necessary towards the achievement of general and complete disarmament  under effective international control,    Convinced that nuclear disarmament and the complete elimination of nuclear  weapons are essential to remove the danger of nuclear war,    Determined to abide strictly by the relevant provisions of the Charter of the  United Nations on the non-use of force or threat of force,    Recognizing that the independence, territorial integrity and sovereignty of non- nuclear-weapon States need to be safeguarded against the use or threat of use of  force, including the use or threat of use of nuclear weapons,    Considering that, until nuclear disarmament is achieved on a universal basis, it  is imperative for the international community to develop effective measures and  arrangements to ensure the security of non-nuclear-weapon States against the use or  threat of use of nuclear weapons from any quarter,    Recognizing that effective measures and arrangements to assure non-nuclear- weapon States against the use or threat of use of nuclear weapons can contribute  positively to the prevention of the spread of nuclear weapons,   A/RES/61/57  2    Bearing in mind paragraph 59 of the Final Document of the Tenth Special  Session of the General Assembly,1 the first special session devoted to disarmament,  in which it urged the nuclear-weapon States to pursue efforts to conclude, as  appropriate, effective arrangements to assure non-nuclear-weapon States against the  use or threat of use of nuclear weapons, and desirous of promoting the  implementation of the relevant provisions of the Final Document,    Recalling the relevant parts of the special report of the Committee on  Disarmament2 submitted to the General Assembly at its twelfth special session,3 the  second special session devoted to disarmament, and of the special report of the  Conference on Disarmament submitted to the Assembly at its fifteenth special  session,4 the third special session devoted to disarmament, as well as the report of  the Conference on its 1992 session,5    Recalling also paragraph 12 of the Declaration of the 1980s as the Second  Disarmament Decade, contained in the annex to its resolution 35/46 of 3 December  1980, which states, inter alia, that all efforts should be exerted by the Committee on  Disarmament urgently to negotiate with a view to reaching agreement on effective  international arrangements to assure non-nuclear-weapon States against the use or  threat of use of nuclear weapons,    Noting the in-depth negotiations undertaken in the Conference on  Disarmament and its Ad Hoc Committee on Effective International Arrangements to  Assure Non-Nuclear-Weapon States against the Use or Threat of Use of Nuclear  Weapons,6 with a view to reaching agreement on this question,    Taking note of the proposals submitted under the item in the Conference on  Disarmament, including the drafts of an international convention,    Taking note also of the relevant decision of the Thirteenth Conference of  Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Countries, held at Kuala Lumpur on  24 and 25 February 2003, 7 which was reiterated at the Fourteenth Conference of  Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Countries, held at Havana on 15 and  16 September 2006,8 as well as the relevant recommendations of the Organization of  the Islamic Conference,    Taking note further of the unilateral declarations made by all the nuclear- weapon States on their policies of non-use or non-threat of use of nuclear weapons  against the non-nuclear-weapon States,    Noting the support expressed in the Conference on Disarmament and in the  General Assembly for the elaboration of an international convention to assure non- nuclear-weapon States against the use or threat of use of nuclear weapons, as well as  the difficulties pointed out in evolving a common approach acceptable to all,  _______________  1 Resolution S-10/2.  2 The Committee on Disarmament was redesignated the Conference on Disarmament as from 7 February  1984.  3 Official Records of the General Assembly, Twelfth Special Session, Supplement No. 2 (A/S-12/2),  sect. III.C.  4 Ibid., Fifteenth Special Session, Supplement No. 2 (A/S-15/2), sect. III.F.  5 Ibid., Forty-seventh Session, Supplement No. 27 (A/47/27), sect. III.F.  6 Ibid., Forty-eighth Session, Supplement No. 27 (A/48/27), para. 39.  7 See A/57/759-S/2003/332, annex I.  8 See A/61/472-S/2006/780, annex I.   A/RES/61/57  3    Taking note of Security Council resolution 984 (1995) of 11 April 1995 and the  views expressed on it,    Recalling its relevant resolutions adopted in previous years, in particular  resolutions 45/54 of 4 December 1990, 46/32 of 6 December 1991, 47/50 of  9 December 1992, 48/73 of 16 December 1993, 49/73 of 15 December 1994, 50/68  of 12 December 1995, 51/43 of 10 December 1996, 52/36 of 9 December 1997,  53/75 of 4 December 1998, 54/52 of 1 December 1999, 55/3l of 20 November 2000,  56/22 of 29 November 2001, 57/56 of 22 November 2002, 58/35 of 8 December  2003, 59/64 of 3 December 2004 and 60/53 of 8 December 2005,    1.  Reaffirms the urgent need to reach an early agreement on effective  international arrangements to assure non-nuclear-weapon States against the use or  threat of use of nuclear weapons;    2.  Notes with satisfaction that in the Conference on Disarmament there is  no objection, in principle, to the idea of an international convention to assure non- nuclear-weapon States against the use or threat of use of nuclear weapons, although  the difficulties with regard to evolving a common approach acceptable to all have  also been pointed out;    3.  Appeals to all States, especially the nuclear-weapon States, to work  actively towards an early agreement on a common approach and, in particular, on a  common formula that could be included in an international instrument of a legally  binding character;    4.  Recommends that further intensive efforts be devoted to the search for  such a common approach or common formula and that the various alternative  approaches, including, in particular, those considered in the Conference on  Disarmament, be explored further in order to overcome the difficulties;    5.  Also recommends that the Conference on Disarmament actively continue  intensive negotiations with a view to reaching early agreement and concluding  effective international agreements to assure the non-nuclear-weapon States against  the use or threat of use of nuclear weapons, taking into account the widespread  support for the conclusion of an international convention and giving consideration  to any other proposals designed to secure the same objective;    6.  Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its sixty-second session  the item entitled “Conclusion of effective international arrangements to assure non- nuclear-weapon States against the use or threat of use of nuclear weapons”.