Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 28 July 2010  [without reference to a Main Committee (A/64/L.63/Rev.1 and Add.1)]  64/292.  The human right to water and sanitation        The General Assembly,    Recalling its resolutions 54/175 of 17 December 1999 on the right to  development, 55/196 of 20 December 2000, by which it proclaimed 2003 the  International Year of Freshwater, 58/217 of 23 December 2003, by which it  proclaimed the International Decade for Action, “Water for Life”, 2005–2015,  59/228 of 22 December 2004, 61/192 of 20 December 2006, by which it proclaimed  2008 the International Year of Sanitation, and 64/198 of 21 December 2009  regarding the midterm comprehensive review of the implementation of the  International Decade for Action, “Water for Life”; Agenda 21 of June 1992; 0F1 the  Habitat Agenda of 1996; 1F2 the Mar del Plata Action Plan of 1977 adopted by the  United Nations Water Conference;2F3 and the Rio Declaration on Environment and  Development of June 1992, 3F4    Recalling also the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,4F5 the International  Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights,5F6 the International Covenant on  Civil and Political Rights,6 the International Convention on the Elimination of All  Forms of Racial Discrimination, 6F7 the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of  Discrimination against Women,7F8 the Convention on the Rights of the Child, 8F9 the  _______________  1 Report of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, Rio de Janeiro, 3–14 June  1992, vol. I, Resolutions Adopted by the Conference (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.93.I.8 and  corrigendum), resolution 1, annex II.  2 Report of the United Nations Conference on Human Settlements (Habitat II), Istanbul, 3–14 June 1996  (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.97.IV.6), chap. I, resolution 1, annex II.  3 Report of the United Nations Water Conference, Mar del Plata, 14–25 March 1977 (United Nations  publication, Sales No. E.77.II.A.12), chap. I.  4 Report of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, Rio de Janeiro, 3–14 June  1992, vol. I, Resolutions Adopted by the Conference (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.93.I.8 and  corrigendum), resolution 1, annex I.  5 Resolution 217 A (III).   6 See resolution 2200 A (XXI), annex.   7 United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 660, No. 9464.  8 Ibid., vol. 1249, No. 20378.  9 Ibid., vol. 1577, No. 27531.   A/RES/64/292  2  Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 9F10 and the Geneva Convention  relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War, of 12 August 1949, 10F11    Recalling further all previous resolutions of the Human Rights Council on  human rights and access to safe drinking water and sanitation, including Council  resolutions 7/22 of 28 March 2008 1F12 and 12/8 of 1 October 2009, 12F13 related to the  human right to safe and clean drinking water and sanitation, general comment  No. 15 (2002) of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, on the  right to water (articles 11 and 12 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social  and Cultural Rights)13F14 and the report of the United Nations High Commissioner for  Human Rights on the scope and content of the relevant human rights obligations  related to equitable access to safe drinking water and sanitation under international  human rights instruments, 14F15 as well as the report of the independent expert on the  issue of human rights obligations related to access to safe drinking water and  sanitation, 15F16    Deeply concerned that approximately 884 million people lack access to safe  drinking water and that more than 2.6 billion do not have access to basic sanitation,  and alarmed that approximately 1.5 million children under 5 years of age die and  443 million school days are lost each year as a result of water- and sanitation-related  diseases,    Acknowledging the importance of equitable access to safe and clean drinking  water and sanitation as an integral component of the realization of all human rights,    Reaffirming the responsibility of States for the promotion and protection of all  human rights, which are universal, indivisible, interdependent and interrelated, and  must be treated globally, in a fair and equal manner, on the same footing and with  the same emphasis,    Bearing in mind the commitment made by the international community to fully  achieve the Millennium Development Goals, and stressing, in that context, the  resolve of Heads of State and Government, as expressed in the United Nations  Millennium Declaration, 16F 17 to halve, by 2015, the proportion of people who are  unable to reach or afford safe drinking water and, as agreed in the Plan of  Implementation of the World Summit on Sustainable Development (“Johannesburg  Plan of Implementation”),17F18 to halve the proportion of people without access to  basic sanitation,    1.  Recognizes the right to safe and clean drinking water and sanitation as a  human right that is essential for the full enjoyment of life and all human rights;  _______________  10 Resolution 61/106, annex I.  11 United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 75, No. 973.  12 See Official Records of the General Assembly, Sixty-third Session, Supplement No. 53 (A/63/53),  chap.  II.  13 See A/HRC/12/50 and Corr.1, part one, chap. I.  14 See Official Records of the Economic and Social Council, 2003, Supplement No. 2 (E/2003/22),  annex IV.  15 A/HRC/6/3.  16 A/HRC/12/24.  17 See resolution 55/2.  18 See Report of the World Summit on Sustainable Development, Johannesburg, South Africa, 26 August–4 September  2002 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.03.II.A.1 and corrigendum), chap. I, resolution 2, annex.    A/RES/64/292  3    2.  Calls upon States and international organizations to provide financial  resources, capacity-building and technology transfer, through international  assistance and cooperation, in particular to developing countries, in order to scale up  efforts to provide safe, clean, accessible and affordable drinking water and  sanitation for all;    3.  Welcomes the decision by the Human Rights Council to request that the  independent expert on human rights obligations related to access to safe drinking  water and sanitation submit an annual report to the General Assembly,13 and  encourages her to continue working on all aspects of her mandate and, in  consultation with all relevant United Nations agencies, funds and programmes, to  include in her report to the Assembly, at its sixty-sixth session, the principal  challenges related to the realization of the human right to safe and clean drinking  water and sanitation and their impact on the achievement of the Millennium  Development Goals.