Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 18 December 2009  [on the report of the Third Committee (A/64/439/Add.2 (Part II))]  64/157. Promotion of a democratic and equitable  international order         The General Assembly,    Recalling its previous resolutions on the promotion of a democratic and  equitable international order, including resolution 63/189 of 18 December 2008, and  taking note of Human Rights Council resolution 8/5 of 18 June 2008, 0F1    Reaffirming the commitment of all States to fulfil their obligations to promote  universal respect for, and observance and protection of, all human rights and  fundamental freedoms for all, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations,  other instruments relating to human rights and international law,    Affirming that the enhancement of international cooperation for the promotion  and protection of all human rights should continue to be carried out in full  conformity with the purposes and principles of the Charter and international law as  set forth in Articles 1 and 2 of the Charter and, inter alia, with full respect for  sovereignty, territorial integrity, political independence, the non-use of force or the  threat of force in international relations and non-intervention in matters that are  essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of any State,    Recalling the Preamble to the Charter, in particular the determination to  reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human  person and in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small,    Reaffirming that everyone is entitled to a social and international order in  which the rights and freedoms set forth in the Universal Declaration of Human  Rights 1F2 can be fully realized,    Reaffirming also the determination expressed in the Preamble to the Charter to  save succeeding generations from the scourge of war, to establish conditions under  which justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other sources  _______________  1  See Official Records of the General Assembly, Sixty-third Session, Supplement No. 53 (A/63/53),  chap. III, sect. A.  2 Resolution 217 A (III).   A/RES/64/157  2  of international law can be maintained, to promote social progress and better  standards of life in larger freedom, to practise tolerance and good-neighbourliness,  and to employ international machinery for the promotion of the economic and social  advancement of all peoples,    Stressing that the responsibility for managing worldwide economic and social  issues, as well as threats to international peace and security, must be shared among  the nations of the world and should be exercised multilaterally, and that in this  regard the central role must be played by the United Nations, as the most universal  and representative organization in the world,    Considering the major changes taking place on the international scene and the  aspirations of all peoples for an international order based on the principles enshrined  in the Charter, including promoting and encouraging respect for human rights and  fundamental freedoms for all and respect for the principle of equal rights and  self-determination of peoples, peace, democracy, justice, equality, the rule of law,  pluralism, development, better standards of living and solidarity,     Recognizing that the enhancement of international cooperation in the field of  human rights is essential for the full achievement of the purposes of the United  Nations, including the effective promotion and protection of all human rights,     Considering that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights proclaims that all  human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights and that everyone is  entitled to all the rights and freedoms set out therein, without distinction of any  kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion,  national or social origin, property, birth or other status,    Reaffirming that democracy, development and respect for human rights and  fundamental freedoms are interdependent and mutually reinforcing, and that  democracy is based on the freely expressed will of the people to determine their  own political, economic, social and cultural systems and their full participation in  all aspects of their lives,    Recognizing that the promotion and protection of human rights should be  based on the principle of cooperation and genuine dialogue and aimed at  strengthening the capacity of Member States to comply with their human rights  obligations for the benefit of all human beings,    Emphasizing that democracy is not only a political concept, but that it also has  economic and social dimensions,    Recognizing that democracy, respect for all human rights, including the right  to development, transparent and accountable governance and administration in all  sectors of society, and effective participation by civil society are an essential part of  the necessary foundations for the realization of social and people-centred  sustainable development,    Noting with concern that racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related  intolerance may be aggravated by, inter alia, inequitable distribution of wealth,  marginalization and social exclusion,    Underlining the fact that it is imperative for the international community to  ensure that globalization becomes a positive force for all the world’s people, and  that only through broad and sustained efforts, based on common humanity in all its  diversity, can globalization be made fully inclusive and equitable,   A/RES/64/157  3    Concerned that the current global economic, financial, energy and food crises,  resulting from a combination of several major factors, including macroeconomic  and other factors, such as environmental degradation, desertification and global  climate change, natural disasters and the lack of financial resources and the  technology necessary to confront their negative impact in developing countries,  particularly in the least developed countries and small island developing States,  represent a global scenario that is threatening the adequate enjoyment of all human  rights and widening the gap between developed and developing countries,    Stressing that efforts to make globalization fully inclusive and equitable must  include policies and measures, at the global level, that correspond to the needs of  developing countries and countries with economies in transition and are formulated  and implemented with their effective participation,    Stressing also the need for adequate financing of and technology transfer to  developing countries, in particular the landlocked developing countries and small  island developing States, including to support their efforts to adapt to climate  change,    Having listened to the peoples of the world, and recognizing their aspirations  to justice, to equality of opportunity for all, to the enjoyment of their human rights,  including the right to development, to live in peace and freedom and to equal  participation without discrimination in economic, social, cultural, civil and political life,    Resolved to take all measures within its power to secure a democratic and  equitable international order,    1.  Affirms that everyone is entitled to a democratic and equitable  international order;    2.  Also affirms that a democratic and equitable international order fosters  the full realization of all human rights for all;    3.  Calls upon all Member States to fulfil their commitment expressed in  Durban, South Africa, during the World Conference against Racism, Racial  Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance to maximize the benefits of  globalization through, inter alia, the strengthening and enhancement of international  cooperation to increase equality of opportunities for trade, economic growth and  sustainable development, global communications through the use of new  technologies and increased intercultural exchange through the preservation and  promotion of cultural diversity, 2F3 and reiterates that only through broad and sustained  efforts to create a shared future based upon our common humanity and all its  diversity can globalization be made fully inclusive and equitable;    4.  Affirms that a democratic and equitable international order requires, inter  alia, the realization of the following:    (a)  The right of all peoples to self-determination, by virtue of which they can  freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and  cultural development;    (b)  The right of peoples and nations to permanent sovereignty over their  natural wealth and resources;    (c)  The right of every human person and all peoples to development;   _______________  3 See A/CONF.189/12 and Corr.1, chap. I.   A/RES/64/157  4    (d)  The right of all peoples to peace;    (e)  The right to an international economic order based on equal participation  in the decision-making process, interdependence, mutual interest, solidarity and  cooperation among all States;    (f)  International solidarity, as a right of peoples and individuals;    (g)  The promotion and consolidation of transparent, democratic, just and  accountable international institutions in all areas of cooperation, in particular  through the implementation of the principle of full and equal participation in their  respective decision-making mechanisms;    (h)  The right to equitable participation of all, without any discrimination, in  domestic and global decision-making;    (i)  The principle of equitable regional and gender-balanced representation in  the composition of the staff of the United Nations system;    (j)  The promotion of a free, just, effective and balanced international  information and communications order, based on international cooperation for the  establishment of a new equilibrium and greater reciprocity in the international flow  of information, in particular correcting the inequalities in the flow of information to  and from developing countries;    (k)  Respect for cultural diversity and the cultural rights of all, since this  enhances cultural pluralism, contributes to a wider exchange of knowledge and  understanding of cultural backgrounds, advances the application and enjoyment of  universally accepted human rights across the world and fosters stable, friendly  relations among peoples and nations worldwide;    (l)  The right of every person and all peoples to a healthy environment and to  enhanced international cooperation that responds effectively to the needs for  assistance of national efforts to adapt to climate change, particularly in developing  countries, and that promotes the fulfilment of international agreements in the field  of mitigation;    (m) The promotion of equitable access to benefits from the international  distribution of wealth through enhanced international cooperation, in particular in  economic, commercial and financial international relations;    (n)  The enjoyment by everyone of ownership of the common heritage of  mankind in connection to the public right of access to culture;     (o)  The shared responsibility of the nations of the world for managing  worldwide economic and social development as well as threats to international  peace and security that should be exercised multilaterally;    5.  Stresses the importance of preserving the rich and diverse nature of the  international community of nations and peoples, as well as respect for national and  regional particularities and various historical, cultural and religious backgrounds in  the enhancement of international cooperation in the field of human rights;    6.  Also stresses that all human rights are universal, indivisible, interdependent  and interrelated and that the international community must treat human rights globally  in a fair and equal manner, on the same footing and with the same emphasis, and  reaffirms that, while the significance of national and regional particularities and  various historical, cultural and religious backgrounds must be borne in mind, it is  the duty of States, regardless of their political, economic and cultural systems, to  promote and protect all human rights and fundamental freedoms;   A/RES/64/157  5    7.  Urges all actors on the international scene to build an international order  based on inclusion, justice, equality and equity, human dignity, mutual  understanding and promotion of and respect for cultural diversity and universal  human rights, and to reject all doctrines of exclusion based on racism, racial  discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance;    8.  Reaffirms that all States should promote the establishment, maintenance  and strengthening of international peace and security and, to that end, should do  their utmost to achieve general and complete disarmament under effective  international control, as well as to ensure that the resources released by effective  disarmament measures are used for comprehensive development, in particular that  of the developing countries;    9.  Also reaffirms the need to continue working urgently for the  establishment of an international economic order based on equity, sovereign  equality, interdependence, common interest and cooperation among all States,  irrespective of their economic and social systems, which shall correct inequalities  and redress existing injustices, make it possible to eliminate the widening gap  between the developed and the developing countries and ensure steadily  accelerating economic and social development and peace and justice for present and  future generations;    10. Further reaffirms that the international community should devise ways  and means to remove the current obstacles and meet the challenges to the full  realization of all human rights and to prevent the continuation of human rights  violations resulting therefrom throughout the world;    11. Urges States to continue their efforts, through enhanced international  cooperation, towards the promotion of a democratic and equitable international  order;    12. Requests the Human Rights Council, the human rights treaty bodies, the  Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, the special  mechanisms extended by the Council and the Human Rights Council Advisory  Committee to pay due attention, within their respective mandates, to the present  resolution and to make contributions towards its implementation;    13. Calls upon the Office of the High Commissioner to build upon the issue  of the promotion of a democratic and equitable international order;     14. Requests the Secretary-General to bring the present resolution to the  attention of Member States, United Nations organs, bodies and components,  intergovernmental organizations, in particular the Bretton Woods institutions, and  non-governmental organizations, and to disseminate it on the widest possible basis;    15. Decides to continue consideration of the matter at its sixty-fifth session  under the item entitled “Promotion and protection of human rights”.