Case T-336/25: Action brought on 27 May 2025 – Nkubito v Council
Date: 2025-05-27
Institutions: General Court
Subjects: Democratic Republic of the Congo, EU restrictive measure, arms trade, economic sanctions, international sanctions, legal basis, natural person, proof, right to an effective remedy








C_202504311EN.000101.fmx.xml












Official Journal of the European Union


EN
C series













C/2025/4311


11.8.2025






Action brought on 27 May 2025 – Nkubito v Council


(Case T-336/25)

(C/2025/4311)
Language of the case: English

Parties


Applicant: Eugene Nkubito (Kigali, Rwanda) (represented by: J Grayston, D. Rovetta, P. Gjørtler and V. Villante, lawyers)

Defendant: Council of the European Union

Form of order sought

The applicant claims that the Court should:






—


annul Council Implementing Decision (CFSP) 2025/510; (1)











—


annul Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/509; (2)

in so far as these acts include the applicant in the list of persons and entities made subject to the restrictive measures; and










—


order the Council to bear the costs of the present proceedings.





Pleas in law and main arguments

In support of the action, the applicant relies on five pleas in law.






1.


First plea in law, alleging an infringement of the obligation to state reasons as set out in Article 296 TFEU and Article 41(2)(c) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (‘the Charter’), and a breach of the right to effective judicial protection enshrined in article 47 of the Charter.










2.


Second plea in law, alleging an error of assessment, a failure to discharge the burden of proof, a breach of the listing criteria in Article 3(2) of Council Decision 2010/788/CFSP (3) and Article 2b of Council Regulation (EC) No 1183/2005 (4).










3.


Third plea in law, alleging an absence of legal basis, a lack of application of Article 215 TFEU as the correct legal basis to Implementing Decision 2025/510 and Implementing Regulation 2025/509, and, as a subordinate, a plea of illegality under Article 277 TFEU of the listing criteria under Article 3(2) of Decision 2010/788/CFSP and Article 2b of Regulation No 1183/2005.










4.


Fourth plea in law, alleging a breach of Chapter VII and Article 103 of the Charter of the United Nations and a breach of Articles 3(5), 21 and 29 TEU.










5.


Fifth plea in law, alleging a breach of essential procedural requirements.






(1)  Council Implementing Decision (CFSP) 2025/510 of 17 March 2025 implementing Decision 2010/788/CFSP concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (OJ L, 2025/510).

(2)  Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/509 of 17 March 2025 implementing Regulation (EC) No 1183/2005 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (OJ L, 2025/509).

(3)  Council Decision 2010/788/CFSP of 20 December 2010 concerning restrictive measures against the Democratic Republic of the Congo and repealing Common Position 2008/369/CFSP (OJ 2010 L 336, p. 30).

(4)  Council Regulation (EC) No 1183/2005 of 18 July 2005 imposing certain specific restrictive measures directed against persons acting in violation of the arms embargo with regard to the Democratic Republic of the Congo (OJ 2005 L 193, p. 1).


ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/C/2025/4311/oj
ISSN 1977-091X (electronic edition)