Support to Space Traffic Management (STM) standardisation, EU space label : presentation of study results : final event report.
Date: 2025-03-27
Institutions: Directorate-General for Defence Industry and Space
Subjects: EU programme, extra-atmospheric space, international conference, regulation (EU), report, research results, satellite communications, satellite navigation, space navigation, space policy, space technology, use of outer space

Support to Space Traffic 
Pilot Project on Space Traffic 
Management – The rise of 
Management (STM) 
importance of Space Traffic 
standardisation
Management (STM) 
EU Space Label

Final Report 

Presentation of 
study results –  
Event Report

 
Manuscript completed in March 2024

First edition

This document has been prepared for the European Commission however it reflects the views only of the authors, and the 
European Commission is not liable for any consequence stemming from the reuse of this publication.

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PDF 

ISBN 978-92-68-25979-5     doi:10.2889/7499702     HV-01-25-001-EN-N

712/PP/2018/FC/Copernicus, Lot 2 

712/PP/2018/FC/Copernicus, Lot 2 

Support  to  Space  Traffic  Management  (STM) 
standardisation - EU Space Label  

Final Event Report   
March 2024 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents 

Table of Contents .................................................................................. 1 

Table of figures .................................................................................... 2 

1  Key facts and figures ........................................................................ 3 

2  Context and background ................................................................... 4 

3  Introduction and Opening Remarks..................................................... 4 

a.  Space Traffic Management in context ............................................................... 4 
b.  Soft-law measures: EU Space Label ................................................................. 5 

4  Presentation of the EU Space Label..................................................... 6 

a.  Aim of the study and process........................................................................... 6 
b.  EU Space Label concept .................................................................................. 7 

Problem assessment and policy objectives ................................................... 7 
i. 
ii.  A blueprint for an EU Space Label ............................................................... 8 
iii.  Proposed EU space labelling schemesSpace Safety Label ............................. 10 
iv.  Environmental Space Label ...................................................................... 10 
v.  Dark and Quiet Skies Label ...................................................................... 11 

c.  Questions and Answers ................................................................................. 11 

5  Panel Discussion with stakeholders ................................................... 13 

6  Exchanges with audience ................................................................ 16 

7  Closing Remarks ............................................................................ 17 

8  Annexes ........................................................................................ 18 

1.  Programme ................................................................................................. 18 
2.  Executive Summary ..................................................................................... 19 
3.  Presentation ................................................................................................ 20 
4.  Panellists’ Concept Note ................................................................................ 21 

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Table of figures 

Figure  1  -  Problem  tree  outlining  causes,  problem  statement  and  consequences  of  the  absence  of 
incentives for space actors ......................................................................................................... 7 
Figure 2 - Policy objectives of the EU Space Label ......................................................................... 8 
Figure 3 - Concept of EU Space Label framework and schemes ....................................................... 8 
Figure 4 - Governance structure for compliance checks under labelling schemes of the EU Space Label 9 

2 

 
 
 
 
1  Key facts and figures 

This Final Event Report outlines the key facts, context and background, and main discussion points of 
the Final Event of the STM Standardisation Support study (EU Space Label). 

Title: 

Supporting Standardisation in the field of Space Traffic Management  – EU 
Space Label 

Date and time:  Wednesday, 6 March 2024 – 09:00-12:30 CET 

Venue: 

Conference  Centre  Albert  Borschette,  room  4D,  Rue  Froissart  36,  1040  Brussels, 
Belgium and via WebEx 

Participants: 

approx. 200 persons with approx. 50 persons attending onsite and approx. 150 
persons online, representing 

•  EU space industry associations i.e. ASD-Eurospace, SME4Space and #YEESS 

•  EU space industry incl. major companies, SMEs and startups 

•  EU Member States and EU SST Partnership 

•  EU bodies i.e. EUSPA and EDA 

• 

registered users of SST services 

•  European and non-European space operators (GSOA) 

• 

• 

• 

Friends of Europe 

other international partners (ESA, AmCham) 

experts who provided valuable advice throughout the study i.e. Advisory Board 
members, stakeholder interviewees and focus group members 

Programme: 

 

Introduction and Opening Remarks 

(Annex 1) 

  Presentation of the EU Space Label 

  Panel discussion with stakeholders 

  Exchanges with audience 

  Closing Remarks 

accompanied by  a  welcome coffee before, a  coffee  break in between, and a  light 
lunch after the event 

Purpose: 

  present  outcomes  of  the  STM  Standardisation  Support  study  to  relevant  STM 
stakeholders, in particular EU Member States and EU space industry representatives 

  gather  views  of  relevant  stakeholders,  in  particular the  EU  space industry,  on 
how to make a possible EU Space Label attractive to the EU space industry 

Materials: 

  participants  received  the  Programme  (Annex 1)  and  Executive  Summary 
(Annex 2) before the event, and the presentation (Annex 3) after the event 

  panellists also received a panellists’ concept note (Annex 4) with more context 
and a selection of panel questions before the event 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2  Context and background 

The Final Event of  the STM Standardisation Support study  (‘EU  Space  Label study’) organised by DG 
DEFIS concluded a comprehensive assessment of a possible voluntary mechanism in the form of a label 
to support standardisation in the field of EU Space Traffic Management (STM). 

With  stakeholders  participating  from  the  European  space  industry,  SMEs  and  startups,  EU  Member 
States, the EU SST Partnership, EUSPA, EDA and ESA, Friends of Europe, space operators and SST users, 
and other international partners, this event aimed to 

1.  consolidate  the  findings  and  recommendations  of  the  EU  Space  Label  study  carried  out  by 

Deloitte, KU Leuven and GMV under the leadership of DG DEFIS; 

2.  present the outcomes of the EU Space Label study to relevant stakeholders; and 

3.  enable an exchange of views on the attractiveness of a space label for the space industry and 

its added value in enhancing standardisation in the STM domain. 

Given  the  burgeoning  presence  of  the  EU  in  space-related  endeavours,  coupled  with  the  escalating 
significance  of  STM  in  ensuring  the  long-term  safety  and  sustainability  of  space  activities,  this  event 
underscored the EU's steadfast commitment to augment its capabilities and governance framework in 
the STM domain. The EU Space Label represents a crucial element in this endeavour as this voluntary 
instrument seeks to motivate EU space actors to go the extra mile: It offers incentives to those space 
actors who choose to adhere to more ambitious voluntary targets beyond mandatory requirements. By 
enhancing  their  practices  proactively  to  be  able  to  go  that  extra  mile,  these  actors  contribute  to  the 
overarching goal of ensuring the safe and sustainable utilisation of space assets and services. 

3  Introduction and Opening 

Remarks 

The Introduction and Opening Remarks of the event presented by Jérémie Godet (Acting Head of Unit, 
DEFIS.B.1 Secure Connectivity and Space Surveillance) and Rodolphe Muñoz (Head of Sector, DEFIS B.1 
Secure Connectivity and Space Surveillance) provided essential context on the significance of STM and 
elaborated on the purpose of the EU Space Label. Their insights, as outlined below, laid a solid foundation 
for subsequent presentations and discussions. 

a.  Space Traffic Management in context 

From 1957 to 2012, the number of satellites launched into outer space remained remarkably consistent, 
with approx. 150 annually. However, in the past five years, there has been a remarkable surge in satellite 
launches, increasing exponentially from 600 in 2019 to 2,470 in 2022. This rapid escalation underscores 
the pressing need for an EU approach to STM to safeguard current and future access to space resources. 
Space is acknowledged not only as a strategic area but also as a  catalyst of strength for various key 
economic sectors of the EU. Approximately 10% of the EU's Gross National Product (GNP) is attributed 
to the use of space services, illustrating the significant economic impact of the space sector. Europe is 

4 

 
 
recognised  as  a  prominent  space  power,  boasting  some  of  the  world’s  leading  entities  in  launcher 
technology, satellite development, and space services. 

However, the increasing volume of space debris and the escalating number of satellites pose substantial 
risks, including the heightened likelihood of in-orbit collisions and direct threats to the safety of orbital 
traffic  and  the  sustainability  of  space.  Without  proactive  measures,  such  as  effective  STM,  the 
proliferation of collisions and resultant debris could reach critical levels, severely impeding activities in 
low-Earth orbits and jeopardising the sustainability of space operations. 

b.  Soft-law measures: EU Space Label 

Recognising the imperative for a tailored approach to STM, the European Commission (‘Commission’), 
in collaboration with the High Representative, proposed a Joint Communication1 outlining an ambitious 
plan  for  an  EU-wide  framework  addressing  the  sustainability  and  safety  of  space  operations.  This 
initiative represents a proactive step towards mitigating the escalating risks associated with space traffic 
and reinforcing the EU's position as a leader in space governance and exploration. 

While, as part of its approach to STM as outlined in the Joint Communication, the Commission intends 
to  work  along  axes  such  as  civilian  and  military  needs,  enhanced  operational  capabilities,  and 
collaboration  with  international  partners,  the  focus  of  the  Final  Event  was  specifically  on  soft-law 
measures as an integral component of a progressive STM regulatory framework. 

In this context, discussions are underway regarding  a legislative proposal on an EU Space Law which 
aims to introduce a set of mandatory rules in the domains of space safety, resilience, and environment 
for all space operators seeking access to or engagement within the EU market. In conjunction with this 
legislative  proposal,  the  EU  Space  Label  intends  to  set  ambitious  but  voluntary  targets  (based  on 
guidelines,  standards  and  best  practices)  for  space  actors  willing  to  go  the  extra  mile  beyond  the 
mandatory requirements outlined in the upcoming legislative proposal.  

The incorporation of incentives within any voluntary measures such as the EU Space Label is essential 
to  ensure  their  efficacy  and  utility  for,  and  uptake  by,  space  actors  and  the  broader  space  industry. 
Crucially, any obligations or  voluntary measures developed at the EU level under the STM framework 
must  safeguard  the  competitiveness  of  the  EU  industry.  It  is  imperative  that  the  pursuit  of  safe  and 
sustainable space activities by EU actors does not compromise the competitiveness of the EU industry. 

It is in this context that DG DEFIS initiated a first assessment on a potential voluntary mechanism at EU 
level that could incentivise space actors to go the extra mile. By encouraging measures for a proactive 
risk reduction, this mechanism aims to mitigate the growing risks posed by escalating space activities 
and congestion to assets and services while fostering industry competitiveness. 

This Final Event therefore kicks off an open and transparent consultation process with EU space actors, 
starting with a presentation of the results of a first study that assessed how a possible EU Space Label 
could be designed in a way that helps to address current risks in conducting space activities and to foster 
the competitiveness of the EU space industry. DG DEFIS therefore invited participants to openly share 
their views, ideas and feedback throughout the event. 

1 eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52022JC0004 

5 

 
 
 
 
4  Presentation of the EU 

Space Label 

This agenda point of the Final Event began by outlining the aim of the study and its process, shedding 
light on the objectives and methodologies employed. Subsequently, it introduced the concept of the EU 
Space  Label,  elucidating  its  core  principles  and  objectives.  This  included  a  comprehensive  problem 
assessment, wherein the challenges and issues facing the space industry were examined in detail. 

Based  on  this,  the  policy  objectives  driving  the  creation  of  the  EU  Space  Label  were  outlined.  This 
involved  an  analysis  of  potential  strategies  and  approaches  aimed  at  fostering  adherence  to  safety, 
sustainability, and other key principles. Additionally, a blueprint for the implementation of the EU Space 
Label was presented, delineating the steps and processes involved in its establishment and operation. 
Lastly, each labelling scheme was introduced individually, outlining its specific focus and objectives within 
the broader framework of the EU Space Label. 

A  Question-and-Answer  session  took  place  at  the  end  of  this  section  providing  an  opportunity  for 
participants to engage with key aspects of the EU Space Label initiative. This interactive segment enabled 
attendees to seek clarifications, offer insights, and provide feedback on the presentation. 

a.  Aim of the study and process 

The Joint Communication mentioned during the Opening Remarks proposes an EU approach for STM to 
contribute  to  addressing  the  global  challenge  of  increasing  space  activities,  space  debris  and  space 
congestion.  The  EU’s  approach  relies  inter  alia  on  regulatory  aspects  and  soft-law  measures  such  as 
standards and guidelines and accompanying incentive measures. 

In particular, the Joint Communication proposes in Action 6 to ‘identify possible incentive measures and 
a certification mechanism towards the implementation of STM standards and guidelines’, listing the use 
of a safe space label, the adaptation of award criteria, and the creation of a list of actors implementing 
STM guidelines and standards as options, and a mechanism to supervise the implementation of relevant 
guidelines and standards and a certification mechanism as requirements for a voluntary instrument. 

The EU Space Label study was a first step towards implementing Action 6 of the Joint Communication, 
exploring options on what a space label could entail. The study therefore serves as a basis to exchange 
views and collect feedback, and to involve stakeholders early and in full transparency in the process of 
developing a scalable and agile label that suits stakeholder needs. The overarching objective of the study 
was therefore to explore options for establishing a voluntary instrument to promote common standards, 
guidelines, and best practices and to develop incentive measures that allow to 1) access and use space 
in a safe environment, 2) maintain a competitive space industry in the EU, and 3) enhance EU strategic 
autonomy. 

To ensure that the EU Space Label takes into account the specificities of the EU space domain, the study 
team  was  supported  by  an  Advisory  Board2  of  globally  leading  experts  in  the  fields  of  STM, 
standardisation,  operational  and legal aspects.  The study was conducted  over a period of  approx.  17 
months  and  included  several  deliverables  and  Advisory  Board  workshops.  It  developed  an  STM 
stakeholder  mapping,  assessed  the  STM  standardisation  landscape  and  viability  of  an  EU-wide 
mechanism,  extended  the  scope  from  space  safety  and  sustainability  to  include  also  environmental 

2 Advisory Board members acted in their own personal capacity and did not represent their organisation in this study 

6 

 
 
 
 
aspects  and  the  preservation  of  dark  and  quiet  skies,  developed  a  blueprint  and  roadmap,  assessed 
potential costs of an EU Space Label, and culminated in the dissemination of the study results of which 
the Final Event was the first major step. 

In addition, the study benefited from a range of other consultation tools to obtain expert views, such as 
stakeholder interviews and focus groups, dedicated workshops on the label design, an in-depth analysis 
of other suitable labelling mechanisms, and expert interviews, especially on the relatively novel topic of 
dark and quiet skies. 

b.  EU Space Label concept 

i.  Problem assessment and policy objectives 

The significant increase in space activities and its resulting congestion and associated risks combined 
with a wide range of voluntary instruments in the absence of one common mechanism motivating actors 
to go the extra mile hamper progress towards a common approach for (EU) Space Traffic Management. 
This may have consequences for innovation and competitiveness, the safety and sustainability of space 
assets in orbit, the environment and space observations. 

Figure 1 - Problem tree outlining causes, problem statement and consequences of the absence of 
incentives for space actors 

To address this problem, policy objectives focus on supporting a common approach to STM and fostering 
EU  space  industrial  competitiveness  by  promoting  a  set  of  common  standards,  guidelines  and  best 
practices and developing incentives for adhering actors. A voluntary mechanism in the form of an EU 
Space Label could offer guidance on and confirm adherence to clearly defined criteria based on that set 
of instruments, help to raise awareness of interconnecting domains, and offer benefits to adhering actors 
willing to go the extra mile. 

7 

 
 
 
Figure 2 - Policy objectives of the EU Space Label 

ii.  A blueprint for an EU Space Label 

The EU Space Label would serve as a voluntary (awarded on a voluntary basis), multi-criteria (related 
to  e.g.,  products,  services,  companies  and/or  processes  if  and  how  these  fulfil  a  pre-defined  set  of 
criteria),  and  third-party  verified  (independent  body  verifies  whether  defined  criteria  are  met) 
labelling  framework.  Its  blueprint  therefore  identifies  key  requirements  for  an  effective  voluntary 
labelling  mechanism  and  encompasses  all  applicable  core  components  outlined  in  relevant  labelling 
instruments. It would also offer transparency through strong stakeholder involvement and clear criteria 
based on existing instruments as well as scalability to include also future domains of interest and target 
e.g., missions as well as companies. 

e.g.,  general 

The EU Space Label framework would 
requirements, 
define 
scope,  governance,  and 
objectives, 
procedures  applicable 
to  all  space 
labelling schemes. Within that framework, 
each  space  labelling  scheme  would 
then 
respective 
objectives, scope, assessment criteria and 
methods,  related  procedures,  incentives, 
etc. Possible EU  space  labelling  schemes 
identified so far are: 

further  specify 

its 

•  Space 

Label 

Safety 

and 
on 
Sustainability  in  Space  to  minimise 
the risk of collisions and generation of 
debris; 

•  Space  Label  on  the  Environment  to 
assess  and  reduce  the  impacts  of 
space activities on the environment in 
line with EU Green Deal targets; 

Figure 3 - Concept of EU Space Label framework and schemes 

8 

 
 
 
•  Space Label on Preserving Dark and Quiet Skies to mitigate adverse effects of space activities on 

astronomical observations. 

The scope of the EU Space Label framework would cover all phases of a space mission. Although the 
focus is on the design phase (as many elements are decided at the time of the design of a space mission), 
conformity to label criteria should be monitored also during other phases so that measures can be taken 
in case a non-conformity is observed during e.g., in-orbit operations or end-of-life. 

Label criteria should be clear, relevant, measurable, and scientifically solid. Specific criteria should be 
defined and selected for each space labelling scheme in line with its specific objectives and scope. 

Stakeholder participation is key for the success of a voluntary mechanism. Through their participation 
in  established  governance  bodies  and  public  consultation  initiatives,  stakeholders  will  be  invited  to 
contribute at several stages to the development of specific labelling schemes. 

A  governing  body  would  be  designated  to  coordinate  the  development  and  management  of  space 
labelling schemes. The governing body would work closely with two bodies allowing for the participation 
of national space authorities in the European Space Labelling Group and other relevant stakeholders in 
the Stakeholder Space Labelling Group. 

The  EU  Space  Label  would  rely  fully  on  third-party  compliance  checks  carried  out  by  a  pool  of 
independent experts coordinated by the governing body. The procedure for compliance checks would be 
identical  for  all  space  labelling  schemes:  An  application  is  reviewed  by  the  governing  body  and  then 
evaluated by independent experts. The governing body reviews the evaluation, decides whether the label 
is granted and issues the label to the applicant. 

Figure 4 - Governance structure for compliance checks under labelling schemes of the EU Space Label 

Appropriate methods would be defined to check compliance with each criterion of a specific labelling 
scheme. These methods should primarily rely on international standards, otherwise regional and national 
standards.  Bodies  carrying  out  compliance  checks  must  fulfil  applicable  requirements  for  compliance 
checks;  also  experts  engaged  in  compliance  checks  need  to  demonstrate  relevant  expertise  and 
competences in line with the labelling scheme under which they check compliance. 

Promoting the use of the EU Space Label could be done through various actions and incentives, such 
as (1) integrating the EU Space Label into public procurement instruments, e.g., by requiring a specific 

9 

 
 
 
label as means of proof in technical specifications, award criteria or contract performance conditions; (2) 
supporting  companies  in  applying  for  the  label  incl.  practical  advice  on  how  to  apply  and  detailed 
guidelines on how to meet all criteria of a specific labelling scheme; (3) publishing a list of space missions 
carrying  the  EU  Space  Label  as  well  as  companies  who  contributed  to  that  mission;  this  may  offer 
reputational benefits; and (4) raising awareness for the EU Space Label among public and commercial 
stakeholders through e.g., social media campaigns, websites, partnerships, press releases, etc. 

Possible  measures  to  avoid  misuse  of  the  EU  Space  Label  could  include  e.g.  (1)  concluding  legally 
enforceable  labelling  agreements  with  companies  contributing  to  a  labelled  mission;  (2)  setting  up  a 
stakeholder reporting mechanism allowing other stakeholders to report missions or companies perceived 
to be non-compliant with applicable labelling criteria; and (3) carrying out regularly checks to confirm 
that a labelled mission or contributing companies continue to meet applicable criteria. If an investigation 
confirms a misuse, the governing body may decide to suspend or withdraw the label. 

The space labelling schemes would undergo regular reviews and revisions to verify if their objectives 
and criteria remain fit for purpose. Maximum validity periods for awarding a scheme and for its criteria 
would be defined (e.g., 5 years), and review and revision procedures like those for developing a scheme 
would be established. If a scheme or its criteria are revised, labelled missions and companies may need 
to be reassessed. Such reassessments should account for the fact that a space mission may not be able 
to demonstrate compliance with all updated criteria, in particular design criteria, once the mission is in 
orbit. 

iii.  Proposed EU space labelling schemesSpace Safety Label 

The scope of this scheme focuses on all lifecycle phases of a space mission with a particular focus on the 
design phase. Notably, it does not extend to the component level but rather focuses on the mission itself. 

The general objective of this scheme is to minimise the risk of collisions and the generation of space 
debris in all activities carried out throughout the lifecycle of a mission. Within this framework, specific 
objectives  aim  to  address  different  safety  and  sustainability  aspects  of  a  space  mission  such  as 
preventing  collisions  during  launch,  in-orbit  operations,  and  re-entry  by  implementing  appropriate 
mission  design,  development,  and  operational  practices,  and  reducing  the  creation  of  space  debris 
recognising the importance of conducting space activities responsibly. 

To achieve these objectives, this scheme aims to define possible criteria in the domains of e.g. disposal 
practices, collision avoidance measures, and on-orbit-servicing (OOS) protocols. By focusing on these 
key  areas,  the  Space  Safety  Label  seeks  to  promote  safe  and  sustainable  space  activities,  thereby 
enhancing traffic in space. 

iv.  Environmental Space Label 

The  scope  of  this  scheme  focuses  on  addressing  the  environmental  impact  of  space  missions  on  the 
environment, opting to forego the labelling of individual components due to practical considerations. 

The general objective of this scheme is to reduce the environmental footprint of space activities on the 
environment, aligning with the targets set forth in the EU Green Deal3. With this overarching objective 
in  mind,  the  scheme  delineates  specific  goals  geared  towards  mitigating  carbon  emissions  stemming 
from space missions and contributing to the promotion of a circular economy within the space sector, 
emphasizing the importance of resource efficiency and waste reduction. 

3 https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/priorities-2019-2024/european-green-deal_en  

10 

 
 
 
 
To evaluate compliance with these objectives, the scheme outlines criteria that focus on e.g. quantifying 
the reduction or removal of emissions associated with space activities. Relevant criteria domains provide 
a  framework  for  assessing  the  environmental  performance  of  space  missions  and  for  incentivising 
practices that align with the overarching goals of environmental stewardship. 

v.  Dark and Quiet Skies Label 

The scope of the Dark and Quiet Skies Label extends to addressing two primary sources of interference: 
light  pollution  originating  from  artificial  sources  and  sunlight  reflections  off  spacecraft,  and  radio 
frequency interferences emitted by in-orbit spacecraft. 

The  general  objective  of  this  scheme  is  to  mitigate  the  effects  of  space  activities  on  astronomical 
observations,  recognising  the  importance  of  preserving  the  integrity  of  celestial  observations  and 
promoting scientific research. Within this framework, the specific objective of this scheme is to incentivise 
spacecraft operators to adopt practices during the design and operational phases that minimise negative 
impacts on astronomical observations. By encouraging cooperative behaviour and proactive measures, 
the scheme aims to foster a space environment conducive to astronomical research and observation. 

To evaluate compliance with these objectives, the label outlines possible criteria domains that encompass 
various  aspects  of  spacecraft  design,  manufacturing,  deployment,  and  operational  practices.  These 
criteria may include the availability of publicly  accessible and  timely  industry  data related  to satellite 
design,  manufacturing,  and  deployment,  as  well  as  engineering  and  operational  aspects  of  individual 
satellites and overall mission design. By considering these criteria domains, this scheme will provide a 
comprehensive framework for assessing the impact of space activities on astronomical observations and 
promoting practices that help to support the preservation of dark and quiet skies. 

c.  Questions and Answers 

Following  DG  DEFIS'  presentation,  SES  raised  concerns  about  the  potential  impact  of  the  label  on 
operators  who  choose  not  to  adopt  it,  noting  that  it  could  hinder  their  ability  to  serve  the  European 
market effectively. In response, DG DEFIS reiterated that the label is indeed voluntary but emphasised 
that its usefulness would depend on the incentives created to encourage its adoption. It highlighted the 
value of the label as an added benefit for operators within the EU market and beyond, suggesting that 
while  it  cannot  be  compulsory,  there  may  be  advantages  to  obtaining  it  such  as  meeting  safety 
obligations in procurement processes. 

Telesat  posed  two  important  questions:  It  inquired  whether  DG  DEFIS  would  publish  the  full  report 
along with the Executive Summary and allow for comments and feedback. In response, DG DEFIS stated 
that while the study would likely be published, certain elements might be redacted for internal use. The 
second question pertained to the consultation process for technical standards underlying the label. As a 
satellite operator,  it  highlighted  the  need to be involved  in this process to  ensure  that  standards  are 
achievable  for  all  stakeholders.  DG  DEFIS  outlined  a  consultation  group  composed  of  industry 
representatives which will collaborate closely with the entity responsible for  defining the standards as 
well as the Commission and the EU Space Label governing body. This approach aims to ensure that the 
standards are practical, feasible, and aligned with industry needs while contributing to the overall added 
value of the EU Space Label and its links to the EU Space Law. 

Astroscale  raised  questions  regarding  the  differentiation  between  the  proposed  EU  Space  Label  and 
existing  voluntary  instruments  in  the  space  sector.  Specifically,  he  sought  clarification  on  the  main 
differences  between  the  EU  Space  Label  and  other  non-legally  binding  instruments  as  well  as  the 
incentives  and  expectations  associated  with  potential  binding  elements.  In  response,  DG  DEFIS 
highlighted the potential distinction between the EU Space Label and existing instruments, particularly 
in  terms  of  enforceability  and  compliance.  It  noted  that  while  existing  instruments  may  lack  binding 
obligations, the EU Space Label could potentially incorporate elements that align with compulsory aspects 

11 

 
 
of the EU Space Law. By setting specific thresholds, the label could demonstrate a clear differentiation 
between  voluntary  and  compulsory  measures.  It  also  acknowledged  potential  costs  associated  with 
applying for the label, particularly for smaller operators. To address relevant concerns, it pointed towards 
possible  incentives  to  support  SMEs  such  as  capacity-building  initiatives  and  trading  opportunities 
designed to alleviate resource constraints. By incorporating incentives and support mechanisms, the EU 
Space Label would aim to encourage broad participation across the industry while promoting responsible 
and sustainable practices in space. 

UNOOSA had a question regarding the relevance and enforcement of the EU Space Label during mission 
operations. It inquired whether the labels are subject to revision or evaluation throughout the lifespan 
of  a mission.  It also enquired  on  a scenario  where a space operator, despite  initially  adhering to the 
safety  and  sustainability  label,  later  engages  in  actions  deemed  unsafe.  In  response,  DG  DEFIS 
emphasised the importance of maintaining the integrity of the label throughout the entirety of a mission. 
It assured that mechanisms would be in place to address non-compliance and ensure accountability; if 
a  space  operator  fails  to  uphold  the  standards  outlined  in  the  label,  there  will  be  procedures  to  e.g. 
withdraw the label. DG DEFIS pointed towards legal agreements with label holders which would govern 
actions in case of non-compliance. 

The European Space Agency asked what the expected timeline for the adoption and development of 
the EU Space Label framework would be along with relevant stakeholder consultation groups following 
the  adoption  of  the  EU  Space  Law.  In  response,  DG  DEFIS  outlined  the  process,  indicating  that  the 
development and implementation of the label would be closely tied to the adoption of the EU Space Law. 
It explained that the timeline for legislative negotiations typically spans 18 to 24 months, emphasising 
that work can commence with Member States and the Belgian Presidency already before the European 
Parliament (EP) reconvenes in October. Once the EU Space Law is adopted, the implementation of the 
label  can  commence.  Typically,  an  Impact  Assessment  is  prepared  alongside  the  legislative  process 
enabling the prompt initiation of an Implementing Act following the adoption of the EU Space Law. 

Amazon enquired on compulsory and voluntary aspects across the pillars of safety and sustainability, 
environment,  and  dark and quiet skies.  It  sought clarifications  on whether the  same  approach would 
apply  to  all  pillars  and  whether  aspects  on  the  environment  and  dark  and  quiet  skies  would  also  be 
compulsory.  In  response,  DG  DEFIS  indicated  that,  at  the  current  stage,  it  plans  to  adopt  a  similar 
approach for all pillars encompassing both compulsory and voluntary elements. It is worth noting that 
while there are already established standards and guidelines for safety and sustainability, such as the 
LTS Guidelines or IADC Guidelines, the landscape for dark and quiet skies and environmental aspects in 
space is much less developed. 

Eutelsat raised several pertinent questions regarding potential application fees, alignment with existing 
ratings such as the SSR, and potential levels of the EU Space Label. In response, DG DEFIS expressed 
their  intention  to  develop  a  label  without  imposing  additional  costs  on  the  industry,  reiterating  its 
commitment  to  creating  a  label  free  of  charge  to  encourage  industry  participation  without  financial 
barriers. While acknowledging the existence of other renowned labels and ratings, DG DEFIS underscored 
the  importance  of  developing  a  distinct  EU  Space  Label  to  address  specific  EU  objectives  related  to 
safeguarding space activities. It expressed the aim to use the label to drive regulatory developments 
and align it with current legal frameworks. Regarding alignment with existing ratings, it confirmed that 
consultations  with  various  stakeholders  took  place  but  indicated  that  it  does  not  plan  to  collaborate 
directly with other rating systems. Instead, the focus is on establishing the legal framework for the EU 
Space Label before delving into further operational details. This includes deliberations on whether the 
label  should  be  absolute  or  incorporate  various  levels  (such  as  gold,  platinum,  bronze)  with  the 
understanding that industry input is crucial to determining the most effective approach. 

Friends  of  Europe  asked  whether incentives would be primarily symbolic or if there would be more 
tangible incentives such as priority in procurement processes for entities with the label. In response, DG 
DEFIS pointed towards limitations imposed by existing legislation, noting that the label would cease to 

12 

 
 
be  voluntary  if  it  were  tied  to  strict  requirements  in  public  procurement  processes.  Additionally,  it 
mentioned that it is considering the implications of naming and shaming as an incentive, particularly in 
response to public and user perceptions of space services. It reflected on the role of organisations like 
Friends  of  Europe  representing  space  service  users  and  citizens  in  shaping  discussions  around 
accountability and transparency within the space industry. 

5  Panel Discussion with 

stakeholders 

After the presentation of the study outcomes, the event continued with a panel discussion during which 
panellists shared their views with DG DEFIS on a potential EU Space Label, zooming in on the usefulness 
of such a label for industry, SMEs, and start-ups as well as possible reactions from citizens, on incentives 
and  other  measures  to  make  such  a  label  attractive,  and  on  labelling  domains  to  prioritise  or  avoid. 
Moderated by Rodolphe Muñoz from DG DEFIS, the panel was composed of four speakers i.e. Charles 
Galland  from  ASD-Eurospace,  Tjorven  Delabie  from  SME4Space,  Lena  Hollender  from  #YEESS,  and 
Dharmendra Kanani from Friends of Europe. 

1.  Based on what you have heard today, would you consider applying for the EU Space Label? 

Why or why not? 

•  ASD-Eurospace  confirmed  that in  principle  it  would apply  for the EU  Space  Label.  Since  the 
Commission published the Joint Communication on STM, ASD-Eurospace expressed its support 
for the creation of a label aiming to support a safe and sustainable use of space which aligns 
with  expectations  of  the  space  industry.  It  underlined  the  importance  of  offering  clear  and 
tangible incentives, especially if the label will entail additional costs. 

•  SME4Space stated that SMEs are aware of the issues of space debris and congestion, and the 
urgent need to act. As SMEs bring a lot of innovation and new ideas to the space industry, many 
SMEs  are  very  interested  in  taking  further  action  and  going  the  extra  mile,  and  so  would  be 
willing to apply for the label. Nevertheless, the label should offer SMEs some financial benefits 
and consider the costs it would potentially create for SMEs. 

•  #YEESS expressed support for applying for the EU Space Label, but highlighted potential issues 
that  especially  young  companies  may  be  facing,  such  as  supply  chain  limitations  and  loss  of 
competitiveness towards peers or foreign companies. Young companies have certain limitations, 
such as fewer internal resources. Also, the more companies apply for the label, the more other 
companies would also apply for it, creating a chain reaction. It is therefore important to create 
incentives as from the very beginning for as many companies as possible to apply for the label. 

•  Friends  of  Europe  stated  that  the  idea  of  creating  a  space  label  constitutes  progress  in  EU 
space policy making. The space industry is an important sector, so policies need to adapt to the 
current context and foresee future challenges. The EU should raise awareness for STM, safety 
and sustainability, not only among actors in the space industry but also to educate citizens. One 
of the key challenges currently is the lack of faith and trust of citizens in politicians and policy 
makers.  To  better  promote  the  label,  it  would  therefore  be  strategic  to  link  it  to  e.g.  climate 
change and personal security issues that are important to citizens. 

13 

 
 
2.  What elements should the label cover to make it useful for space companies? 

•  #YEESS said that it is important to understand what is special about  small space companies: 
They have very small satellites with propulsion systems that do not allow them to move as fast 
or far as bigger satellites in case of a conjunction. To comply with the label criteria, they would 
need support during collision avoidance  manoeuvres, e.g. priority to move less. Furthermore, 
#YEESS underlined that critical events in space have geopolitical and international dimensions, 
so  the label should  have an international  aspect  allowing  EU  space operators  to  seek support 
from other institutions in case of a critical event. Another incentive could be to grant labelled 
companies  improved  access  to  EU  SST  services  and  data,  and  to  obtain  more  precise 
measurements to be able to plan manoeuvres better. 

•  SME4Space  said  that  the  label  should  link  incentives  to  EU  SST  services.  Indeed,  SMEs  and 
small companies do not necessarily have the same resources available to invest in administrative 
procedures (e.g., SDGs) as large companies who often have a whole management team in place. 
For the label to be attractive to SMEs, it is crucial  that the administrative burden is kept to a 
minimum so that the least amount of time and resources would need to be spent on paperwork. 
Another  incentive  could  be  for  the  label  to  be  sufficiently  ambitious  and  impactful  so  as  to 
distinguish between companies who have and who do not have the label. 

•  ASD-Eurospace stated that the specific scope of the label should clarify whether it is applicable 
to products, components, missions, services, or a combination thereof. It could include various 
rating levels indicating levels of compliance (e.g., food industry with distinct colour codes). The 
criteria should be measurable and feasible while providing concrete advantages. Although it is 
not yet clear whether the label is intended for only EU or also non-EU operators seeking access 
to the EU market, it is important to avoid creating competitive disadvantages as complying with 
new  criteria  often  entails  financial  costs.  Additionally,  if  obtaining  the  label  entails  significant 
costs, having the label will need to deliver significant benefits. 

•  Friends  of  Europe  advised  to  advertise  the  label  to  citizens  based  on  a  no-harm  principle. 
Indeed, space is a public good and needs shared governance with other global key stakeholders. 
A space label highlighting its contribution to making space incl. space services safer and more 
sustainable could be a real connector between the space domain and citizens at large. 

3.  SMEs  or  startups  might  not  necessarily  launch  an  entire  space  mission  by  themselves. 

What would the label need to have to convince you to apply for it? 

•  SME4Space explained that although SMEs did not launch full missions in the past, this is starting 
to change. SMES are often suppliers of components whereas satellites are a sum of systems. It 
would  make  sense  to  open  the  label  to  subparts  of  a  system  so  that  SMEs  can  contribute  to 
various aspects of space activities including preserving dark and quiet skies. For example, when 
an integrator shops for system parts, the label could be an incentive to shop from one SME over 
another. Lastly, for SMEs to adhere to the label, it should offer a clear competitive advantage. 

•  #YEESS said that many aspects need to be considered in the design phase of a mission. Small 
space companies often use commercial off-the-shelf products, so it is crucial that large satellite 
manufacturers are onboard when assessing labelling components such as propulsion systems. 
When it comes to the dimensions of the label, the environmental impact is important, but existing 
ESG reporting tools are already an administratively heavy task. Creating an environmental space 
label should therefore avoid additional efforts or reporting requirements of existing initiatives. 
For the environmental space label, green propellants could be worth considering. 

14 

 
 
4.  How do you think citizens might react if they learn that a space mission or company carries 

an EU Space Label, e.g., for environmental sustainability? 

•  Friends of Europe took the example of Trustpilot which has become a label of trust in online 
shopping over the past five years. Trustpilot took the approach to gather feedback from users, 
so peer-pressure to perform well in an industry exposed to end-users is probably one of the most 
influential tools to shift business and consumption patterns. 

•  DG DEFIS stated that aside from contacting the entity in charge of the label, there should be 

different channels for citizens to submit complaints and flag potential misuse. 

5.  What incentive measures would convince you to apply for the label and what else could 

be done to make the label attractive for you? 

•  ASD-Eurospace stated that there should be concrete incentives, such as granting bonus points 
in  public  procurement  procedures,  to  those  who  have  the  label.  It  also  suggested  that  the 
Commission offer recognition and vouch for labelled entities as part of its economic diplomacy 
efforts. If the EU acts as a supporter to export, EU space actors will be able to get new clients 
and access new markets. Lastly, it  suggested  that  the EU  enhance  R&D  support  for  practices 
that promote safety and sustainability in space. 

•  DG DEFIS commented that public procurement is a complex legal issue. However, according to 
Article 43 of Directive 21/24 20144, having the label could be used as proof that a company is 
compliant with certain tender criteria (presumption of conformity). 

•  #YEESS suggested guidance and advice to companies, such as counsellors or check-in meetings, 
while they navigate legislation and requirements. On another note, while Commission initiatives 
should be communicated to citizens, real peer-pressure will come from within the industry which 
the Commission should take into account. The last point to consider are power dynamics within 
the industry as some players have more power than others. 

•  SME4Space  stated  that  the  most  straightforward  incentive  is  to  offer  bonus  points  in  public 
procurement procedures. It also pointed out that another side effect of an effective space safety 
label safeguarding the orbits could be lower insurance costs. 

6.  You heard about three possible labelling schemes today (space safety and sustainability, 
environment, dark and quiet skies). In your view, which domain should we tackle first? 

•  ASD-Eurospace highlighted space safety and sustainability and dark and quiet skies as the top 
priorities for developing labelling schemes to prevent space debris, preserve the orbital space of 
our business, and protect critical infrastructures. The EU could also play a role in international 
space cooperation and become a pioneer in  the domain  e.g. by  pushing  for space safety  and 
sustainability as areas of high political importance while avoiding that rules or standards of others 
are imposed on EU actors. 

•  #YEESS identified safety and sustainability as the most important topic followed by dark and 
quiet skies. ESG regulations and frameworks seem to largely cover what is being intended for 
the  environmental  space  label.  It  would  therefore  consider  the  latter  a  lower  priority,  also  to 
avoid unnecessarily high administrative efforts. 

•  Friends  of  Europe  stated  that  all  these  areas  are  key  issues  as  they  are  all  interlinked,  so 
creating a false sense of priorities should be avoided. Space provides access to many aspects of 
our lives, so it is important for citizens to feel involved and to be able to trust space policies. 

4 https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32014L0024  

15 

 
 
 
 
•  SME4Space stressed that safety and sustainability is by far the most important domain to tackle 

followed by the domain of dark and quiet skies. 

•  DG DEFIS clarified that what is presented today is just a starting point. Also, the environmental 
label will be based on a lifecycle assessment covering all aspects from the beginning to the end 
of a mission, and so will cover many more aspects than just reducing greenhouse gas emissions. 

7.  As a last point, what is your key message that you would like us to keep in mind for the 

next step in designing the EU Space Label? 

•  ASD-Eurospace stressed that it is in favour of an EU Space Label but that current unknowns 

will need to be clarified. 

•  SME4Space highlighted that the attractiveness of the EU Space Label will depend on the impact 
and benefits it might bring in the space domain. With regards to the idea of a tiered labelling 
system, the focus should not only be on avoiding harm but also on doing good. 

•  #YEESS  advocated  for  a  results-oriented  approach:  If  the  EU  Space  Label  will  lead  to  fewer 
collisions,  this  will  be  positive  for  all  space  actors.  However,  this  result  depends  also  on  the 
feasibility and uptake of the EU Space Label. 

6  Exchanges with audience 

Following  the  panel  discussion  with  stakeholders,  DG  DEFIS  opened  the  floor  for  questions  from  the 
audience leading to insightful inquiries on the scope and implications of the proposed EU Space Label. 

SES highlighted that, to be able to apply for the label, an all-inclusive system is needed which will require 
relevant resources, and therefore enquired whether relevant resources will be made available to label 
applicants.  In  response,  DG  DEFIS  pointed  towards  possible  incentives  which  could  foresee  e.g. 
trainings, seminars, guidance and capacity-building. 

The  European  Space  Agency  raised  concerns  about  whether  requirements,  particularly  those 
pertaining to the environment, would extend to ground equipment. It also enquired on the possibility of 
individual Member States to enforce voluntary requirements as mandatory within their jurisdictions. In 
response, DG DEFIS underscored the necessity of aligning voluntary measures with mandatory ones, 
stressing the inherent link between labelling initiatives and existing legislations. 

SpaceTalk sought clarifications on whether the EU Space Label would extend to behaviour in space and 
inquired about the possibility of marking entities, including foreign companies, that have not requested 
the label, asking whether there would be a process for assigning blame and shame. DG DEFIS confirmed 
that  addressing  behavioural  aspects  of  space  operations  is  important,  noting  that  disposal  practices 
inherently reflect behaviours. However, it emphasised that addressing such behaviours would primarily 
take place through the compulsory elements of the EU Space Law. Reiterating the voluntary nature of 
the initiative, it voiced opposition to the notion of marking entities. 

The Global Satellite Operators Association (GSOA) enquired on more practical aspects on the way 
forward such as the envisaged timeline to set up the governance structure for the EU Space Label, when 
and how industry actors will be involved and informed, if also non-EU actors would be able to contribute, 
and whether involved actors would be industry associations or individual companies. In response,  DG 
DEFIS explained that the current timeline is not yet decided as it depends on the adoption timeline of 
the EU  Space  Law.  To obtain industry views, it tends  towards  consulting industry associations rather 
than individual companies as associations usually gather the views of their respective members, thereby 

16 

 
 
potentially facilitating the gathering of feedback and contributions. It also confirmed the participation of 
non-EU actors in the development of the EU Space Label to ensure that also the views and needs of non-
EU actors are taken into account. 

The  Portuguese  Space Agency  raised  pertinent questions regarding  potential  costs  associated with 
implementing the EU Space Label, particularly concerning mandatory costs.  DG DEFIS responded by 
referencing a comprehensive cost analysis conducted for the Impact Assessment of the EU Space Law 
indicating a detailed understanding of the associated financial implications. Furthermore, it highlighted 
its availability for discussions on specific figures and referred to extensive studies conducted within the 
realm of the EU Space Law, providing insights into the anticipated costs of the initiative. These exchanges 
underscored  the  complexity  and  considerations  inherent  in  the  development  of  the  EU  Space  Label, 
highlighting the need for thorough analysis and collaboration among stakeholders. 

7  Closing Remarks 

In concluding the Final Event, DG DEFIS expressed gratitude to all participants, panellists, and colleagues 
for their active engagement and contributions before and during this event. Emphasizing the importance 
of the EU Space Label for the European space industry, particularly for SMEs and startups, DG DEFIS 
encouraged stakeholders to continue providing feedback via email to DEFIS-STM@ec.europa.eu. 

Looking ahead, DG DEFIS outlined the next steps which involve analysing the feedback received from 
stakeholders and incorporating it into the drafting of a legal instrument to formalise the framework for 
the EU Space Label. This commitment to incorporating stakeholder input reflects the collaborative and 
iterative approach in the development of this important initiative ensuring that it aligns closely with the 
needs and perspectives of the European space industry. 

17 

 
 
Support to Space Traffic Management (STM) standardisation  

EU Space Label 

8  Annexes 

1.  Programme 

18 

 
 
 
Support to Space Traffic Management (STM) standardisation  

EU Space Label 

2.  Executive Summary 

19 

 
 
 
 
Support to Space Traffic Management (STM) standardisation  

EU Space Label 

3.  Presentation 

20 

 
 
 
 
Support to Space Traffic Management (STM) standardisation  

EU Space Label 

4.  Panellists’ Concept Note 

21 

 
 
 
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