EIB investment survey 2024 : Sweden overview.
Date: 2025-02-24
Institutions: European Investment Bank
Subjects: Sweden, aid to undertakings, corporate finance, data collection, investment abroad, investment policy, large business, loan, sample survey, small and medium-sized enterprises

EIB INVESTMENT SURVEY 2024

SWEDEN

OVERVIEW

  
EIB INVESTMENT SURVEY 2024

SWEDEN

OVERVIEW

EIB Investment Survey 2024 Country Overview: Sweden 

© European Investment Bank, 2025. 
All rights reserved. 
All questions on rights and licensing should be addressed to publications@eib.org. 

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About the EIB Economics Department 
The mission of the EIB Economics Department is to provide economic analyses and studies to support the Bank in its operations 
and in the definition of its positioning, strategy, and policy. The department and its team of economists is headed by Debora 
Revoltella, director of economics. 

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Published by the European Investment Bank. 

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pdf: 

QH-01-24-025-EN-N 

ISBN  978-92-861-5840-7 

ISSN  2599-8005 

doi:  10.2867/2425161 

Table of Contents 

EIBIS 2024 – Sweden overview .......................................................................................... 1 

Investment dynamics and focus ......................................................................................... 3 

Investment needs and priorities ........................................................................................ 6 

International trade ............................................................................................................ 8 

Climate change and energy efficiency .............................................................................. 10 

Innovation activities ........................................................................................................ 15 

Investment barriers ......................................................................................................... 17 

Room for streamlining, and for strengthening the single market ...................................... 18 

Access to finance ............................................................................................................. 19 

Gender equality in business ............................................................................................. 23 

EIBIS 2024: Country technical details ............................................................................... 24 

 
 
 
 
 
About the EIB Investment Survey 

The EIB Group Investment Survey (EIBIS), conducted annually since 2016, is a unique survey of approximately 13 000 
firms across all European Union Member States, with an additional sample from the United States. 

The survey collects data on firm characteristics and performance, past investment activities and future plans, sources 
of finance, financing issues and other challenges, such as climate change and digital transformation. The EIBIS uses a 
stratified sampling methodology, and is representative across all 27 EU Member States and the United States, as well 
as across four categories of firm size (micro to large) and four main economic sectors (manufacturing, construction, 
services and infrastructure). The survey is designed to build a panel of observations, supporting the analysis of time-
series  data.  Observations  can  also  be  linked  back  to  data  on  firm  balance  sheets  and  profit  and  loss  statements. 
Developed and managed by the EIB Economics Department, the survey is conducted with support from Ipsos. 

About this publication 

The reports resulting from EIBIS provide an overview of data collected for the 27 EU Member States and the United 
States. They are intended to provide a snapshot of the data. For the purpose of these publications, data are weighted 
by value added to better reflect the contribution of different firms to economic output. Contact: eibis@eib.org.  

The EIBIS 2024 overview presents the results of the survey run in 2024. Questions in the survey might point to “last 
financial year” (2023) or “expectations for the current year” (2024). The text and the footnote referring to the question 
will specify in each case which year is considered. 

Due to rounding, charts may not add up to 100%. 

Download  the  findings  of  the  EIB  Investment  Survey  for  each  EU  country  and  explore  the  data  portal  at 
www.eib.org/eibis. 

Main contributors to this publication 

Matteo Gatti 
Marine André 
Julie Delanote 
Ea Dumancic 
Peter Harasztosi 

 
EIBIS 2024 – Sweden overview 

Key results 

Investment dynamics, needs and priorities 

The share of firms investing in Sweden has plateaued after steadily rising in recent years. However, the share of firms 
expecting to increase rather than decrease investment has further decreased in EIBIS 2024 (from a net balance of 12% 
in EIBIS 2023 to 7% in EIBIS 2024). Firms’ outlook over the next 12 months remains mixed. While Swedish firms hold, on 
balance,  generally  negative  views  on  the  political  and  regulatory  climate,  meaning  that  more  firms  expect  a 
deterioration  rather  than  an  improvement,  they  are  also  in  balance  much  more  positive  than  EU  firms  about  the 
economic climate and business prospects.  

Most (75%) Swedish firms are satisfied with their overall investment level over the past three years, although 21% report 
an investment gap, somewhat higher than the EU average (14%). Swedish firms continue to focus their investment on 
replacement rather than capacity expansion. More Swedish firms invested in capacity expansion in 2023 compared to 
the EU average (30% vs. 26%). Firms in Sweden report an average of 35% of their investment in intangible assets for 
2023, similar to EU average (37%). Looking ahead, Swedish firms expect to prioritise capacity expansion investment over 
replacement more than firms across the European Union. 

Global value chains, climate change and innovation 

Two thirds (67%) of Swedish firms are integrated into global trade, which is consistent with the EU average (63%). In 
EIBIS  2024,  concerns  about  supply  chain  disruptions  declined  slightly  in  both  Sweden  and  the  European  Union. 
Compliance  with  new  regulations  and  standards  or  certifications  is  among  the  key  challenges  related  to  trade 
experienced by Swedish firms. Compared to the EU average, Swedish firms express greater concern about access to 
commodities,  raw  materials,  semiconductors  and  microchips  and  other  components.  In  response  to  trade  shocks, 
Swedish firms are prioritising investment in digital inputs tracking, and the diversification of suppliers to strengthen 
supply chain resilience.  

Although  Sweden  is  a  net  energy  exporter,  with  energy  production  almost  entirely  based  on  fossil-free  sources 
(renewables, nuclear, etc.), Swedish firms lag slightly behind EU peers in terms of investments to tackle the impacts of 
climate events and to reduce carbon emissions (55% already invested vs. 61% EU average). Nearly half of Swedish firms 
(49%) consider the transition to stricter climate standards and regulations as an opportunity over the next five years, 
compared to just 29% among EU firms. Most Swedish firms have taken actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, 
and  they  are  also  more  likely  than  EU  firms  to  have  invested  in  sustainable  transport  options  (73%  vs.  52%)  and 
renewable energy generation (53% vs. 43%). Overall, similarly to firms across the EU, 65% of Swedish firms have been 
directly  impacted  by  the  physical  risk  of  climate  change,  although  the  share  of  firms  that  took  actions  in  terms  of 
adaptation remains relatively low both in Sweden and in the EU. Large firms are also more likely than EU firms to take 
action  to  build  resilience  to  the  climate  change  risks  and  to  invest  in  solutions  to  avoid  or  reduce  exposure  or  an 
adaptation strategy. Only 9% of Swedish firms were insured against climate risks, fewer than in the European Union 
(21%). 

Innovation and digitalisation are a key source of firms’ competitiveness. Swedish firms are ahead of EU firms overall on 
the  adoption  of  advanced  digital  technologies  (82%  vs.  74%),  with  larger  firms  showing  the  highest  rates  of  digital 
adoption, and firms in the construction sector showing the lowest. 

Investment barriers 

Similarly to firms in the EU, the business environment remains a concern for firms in Sweden. Availability of skilled staff 
with and uncertainty about the future remain key concerns in both Sweden and the EU. 

Regulation and the functioning of the EU single market sheds light on fragmentation issues on businesses. Firms were 
asked whether their key product is subject to differentiated  regulatory requirements and standards (e.g., consumer 
protection, health and safety standards, environmental standards for products) across EU countries. The vast majority 
(82%)  of  Swedish  exporters  report  difficulties  in  having  to  comply  with  heterogeneous  standards  and  consumer 
protection rules across EU member states, higher than among other EU firms (60%). The survey also asks firms how 
many employees they employ to deal with compliance to regulatory requirements and standards. About 91% of Swedish 
firms employ dedicated staff to deal with regulatory compliance. The regulatory burden is particularly high for SMEs, 
given their small size, as 33% of Swedish SMEs employ more than 10% of their staff to assess and comply with regulation. 

EIBIS 2024 – Sweden overview | 1 

Access to finance 

In Sweden, the shares of firms happy to rely on internal finance and that of financially-constrained firms have remained 
stable and very similar to EU averages.  

The share of Swedish firms relying on external financing for investment is lower than among their EU counterparts (26% 
vs. 42%). Bank financing remained  an important source of external funding in 2023, for both Swedish and EU firms, 
although fewer Swedish firms rely on it compared with the EU average (56% vs 81%). Nearly one in five Swedish firms 
access  policy  support,  in  the  form  of  bank  finance  on  concessional  terms,  such  as  with  subsidised  interest  rates  or 
extended repayment terms, a share below that in the EU (27%).  

Gender equality in business 

Swedish firms are well ahead of EU firms in terms of female representation in senior roles. Swedish firms are more likely 
to have 40% or more of women in senior management compared with EU firms (35% vs. 23%).  

2 | EIBIS 2024 – Sweden overview 

 
  
Investment dynamics and focus 

Investment dynamics by institutional sector 

In the middle of 2024, real investments in Sweden were 7% above their level at the beginning of the COVID-19 crisis. 
After the strong rises recorded in the aftermath of the crisis, they have been declining from their peak 9% above pre-
COVID-19  crisis.  The  decline  was  mostly  explained  by  receding  households  investments  and,  to  a  lower  extent, 
investments from firms as well. Conversely, government investment has been increasing from the end of 2022 until the 
beginning of 2024. 

Evolution of total gross fixed capital formation (in real terms, non-seasonally and non-calendar adjusted), 
by institutional sector 

11%

9%

7%

5%

3%

1%

-1%

-3%

1
Q
0
2
0
2

2
Q
0
2
0
2

3
Q
0
2
0
2

4
Q
0
2
0
2

1
Q
1
2
0
2

2
Q
1
2
0
2

3
Q
1
2
0
2

4
Q
1
2
0
2

1
Q
2
2
0
2

2
Q
2
2
0
2

3
Q
2
2
0
2

4
Q
2
2
0
2

1
Q
3
2
0
2

2
Q
3
2
0
2

3
Q
3
2
0
2

4
Q
3
2
0
2

1
Q
4
2
0
2

2
Q
4
2
0
2

Corporations

Government

Households

Total

Year-on-year growth of total gross fixed capital formation (in real terms), by institutional sector 

4%

3%

2%

1%

0%

-1%

-2%

-3%

-4%

1
Q
2
2
0
2

2
Q
2
2
0
2

3
Q
2
2
0
2

4
Q
2
2
0
2

1
Q
3
2
0
2

2
Q
3
2
0
2

3
Q
3
2
0
2

4
Q
3
2
0
2

1
Q
4
2
0
2

2
Q
4
2
0
2

Corporations

Government

Households

Total

The graph at the top shows the evolution of total gross fixed capital formation (in real terms, non-seasonally and non-calendar adjusted), by institutional sector. The 
nominal GFCF source data are transformed into four-quarter sums, deflated using the implicit deflator for total GFCF (2015 = €100). The four-quarter sum of total GFCF 
in the fourth quarter of 2019 is normalised to 0. 
Source: Eurostat. 

The graph at the bottom shows the year-on-year growth of total gross fixed capital formation (in real terms), by institutional sector. The data are deflated using the 
implicit deflator for total GFCF. 
Source: Eurostat. 

Investment dynamics and focus | 3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment dynamics and focus 

Investment cycle and evolution of investment expectations 

The share of firms investing has plateaued after steadily rising in recent years. However, the share of firms expecting 
to increase rather than decrease investment has nearly halved in EIBIS 2024 (from 12% in 2023 to 7% in 2024). A similar 
pattern has been shown by EU firms. 

Low investment expanding

High investment expanding

e
s
a
e
r
c
e
d
/
e
s
a
e
r
c
n

i

o
t
g
n
i
t
c
e
p
x
e
s

m

r
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F

)

%
e
c
n
a

l

a
b
t
e
n
(
4
2
0
2
n

i

t
n
e
m

t
s
e
v
n

i

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

-10%

-20%

-30%

EU 2023

SE 2021

SE 2022

SE 2023

Large

EU 2024

SME

Infrastructure

SE 2024

Services

Manufacturing

Construction

SE 2020

82%

84%

86%

88%

90%

92%

94%

96%

98%

100%

Low investment contracting

High investment contracting

% of firms investing

Share of firms investing shows the percentage of firms with investment per employee greater than €500.  
Base for share of firms investing: all firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses). 
Base for expected and realised change: all firms. 

Expected and realised investment changes over time: 

Realised  change  in  last  financial 
year (net balance %) 
Expected  change  in  current  financial 
year (net balance %) 

SE 

2019

15%

2020

-3%

-2%

-26%

2021
30%

17%

2022
23%

21%

2023

16%

12%

“Realised change” is the share of firms that invested more, minus those that invested less.  
“Expected change” is the share of firms that expect(ed) to invest more, minus those that expect(ed) to invest less. 

Expectation for
2024 relative to
2023

7%

4 | EIBIS 2024 – Sweden overview 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment dynamics and focus 

Purpose of investment in last financial year  

Swedish firms continue to focus their investment on replacement (40%) rather than capacity expansion (30%). At the 
same time, more Swedish firms invested in capacity expansion in 2023 compared to EU firms overall (30% vs. 26%). 

Capacity expansion

Replacement

New products/services

Other

t
n
e
m

t
s
e
v
n

i

'
s

m

r
i
f

f
o
%

13

52

26

19

21

34

27

16

14

40

30

17

16

38

29

27

10

41

23

13

41

36

16

14

41

29

19

18

35

28

11

46

33

EU 2024

SE 2023

SE 2024

Manufacturing Construction

Services

Infrastructure

SME

Large

Please note: Sector and firm size show SE data only. 

Q. What proportion of total investment was for (a) developing or introducing new products, processes or services; (b) replaci ng capacity (including existing 
buildings, machinery, equipment and IT); (c) expanding capacity for existing products/services? 
Base: All firms that invested in the last financial year (excluding don’t know/ refused responses).  

Investment areas  

Firms in Sweden report an average of 35% of their investment in intangible assets in 2023, similar to the EU firms. 
Large firms directed a larger share of their investment towards land, building and infrastructure compared to SMEs.  

Land, business buildings and infrastructure

Machinery and equipment

Research and development

Training of employees

Software, data, IT and website activities

Organisation/business processes

e
r
a
h
s

t
n
e
m

t
s
e
v
n

i

e
g
a
r
e
v
A

10

13

48

14

10

15

49

11

10

14

49

16

16

10

56

11

10

53

15

14

21

44

12

11

46

25

EU 2024

SE 2023

SE 2024

Manufacturing Construction

Services

Infrastructure

11

18

10

44

10

SME

54

23

Large

Please note: Sector and firm size show SE data only. 

Q. In the last financial year, how much did your business invest in each of the following with the intention of maintaining or increasing yo ur company’s future 
earnings? 
Base: All firms that invested in the last financial year (excluding don’t know/ refused responses).  
Note: Tangible assets are land and machinery; intangible assets are research and development, software, data, IT and website activities, training of employees 
and organisation/business process. 

Investment dynamics and focus | 5 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment needs and priorities 

Perceived investment gap 

Most Swedish firms are satisfied with their overall investment level over the past three years, but nearly a quarter of 
firms (21%) report an investment gap, this is higher than the EU average (14%). Across sectors, manufacturing firms 
are much more likely to report an investment gap than other sectors. 

Invested too little

Invested about the right amount

Invested too much

Don't know/refused

s

m

r
i
f

f
o
%

80

14

80

17

75

21

62

37

93

84

76

80

13

17

16

71

28

EU 2024

SE 2023

SE 2024

Manufacturing Construction

Services

Infrastructure

SME

Large

Please note: Sector and firm size show SE data only. 

Q. Looking back at your investment over the last three years, was it too much, too little, or about the right amount to ensure the success of your business going 
forward? 
Base: All firms (excluding response “Company didn’t exist three years ago”). 

Future investment priorities 

Over the next  three years,  Swedish firms  expect  to prioritise capacity expansion  investment  over  replacement, a 
larger share than the EU average. SMEs are more likely than larger firms to have no plans for investment. 

Capacity expansion

Replacement

New products/services

No investment planned

s

m

r
i
f

f
o
%

12

25

36

26

10

29

27

34

10

26

29

36

32

24

38

20

11

38

32

13

29

15

43

22

44

27

19

21

26

34

31

31

38

EU 2024

SE 2023

SE 2024

Manufacturing Construction

Services

Infrastructure

SME

Large

Please note: Sector and firm size show SE data only. 

Q. Looking ahead to the next three years, which of the following is your investment priority: (a) developing or introducing new products, processes and services; 
(b)  replacing  capacity  (including  existing  buildings,  machinery,  equipment  and  IT);  (c)  expanding  capacity  for  existing  products/services;  (d)  no  investment 
planned? 
Base: All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses). 

6 | EIBIS 2024 – Sweden overview 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Investment needs and priorities 

Short-term drivers and constraints (net balance) 

Firms’  investment  outlook  over  the  next  12  months  remains  mixed.  While  Swedish  firms  remain,  on  balance, 
pessimistic  regarding  the  future  political  or  regulatory  climate  (more  firms  expect  a  deterioration  rather  than  an 
improvement), they are much more positive than EU firms about the economic climate and business prospects. Swedish 
firms are also positive about the availability of external and internal finance, with more expecting improvement rather 
than a deterioration of financial conditions, in line with EU peers. 

SE net balance*

EU net balance*

70%

50%

30%

10%

-10%

-30%

-50%

-70%

7
1
0
2

8
1
0
2

9
1
0
2

0
2
0
2

1
2
0
2

2
2
0
2

3
2
0
2

4
2
0
2

7
1
0
2

8
1
0
2

9
1
0
2

0
2
0
2

1
2
0
2

2
2
0
2

3
2
0
2

4
2
0
2

7
1
0
2

8
1
0
2

9
1
0
2

0
2
0
2

1
2
0
2

2
2
0
2

3
2
0
2

4
2
0
2

7
1
0
2

8
1
0
2

9
1
0
2

0
2
0
2

1
2
0
2

2
2
0
2

3
2
0
2

4
2
0
2

7
1
0
2

8
1
0
2

9
1
0
2

0
2
0
2

1
2
0
2

2
2
0
2

3
2
0
2

4
2
0
2

Political or
regulatory climate

Economic
climate

Business prospects
in the sector

Availability of
external finance

Availability of
internal finance

% of firms (net balance)

Q. Do you think that each of the following will improve, stay the same, or get worse over the next 12 months? 
Base: All firms 
* Net balance is the share of firms expecting an improvement minus the share of firms anticipating a deterioration.  Negative values thus imply that more firms 
expect a deterioration than an improvement. 

Short-term drivers and constraints by sector and firm size (net balance) 

Swedish firms across most sectors and firm sizes tend to be, on balance, optimistic about all measures aside from 
political or regulatory climate except for construction firms, with more firms expecting an improvement rather than 
a deterioration.  

Political or regulatory climate

Economic climate

Business prospects

External finance

Internal finance

SE

Manufacturing

Construction

Services

Infrastructure

SME

Large

7%

5%

8%

9%

13%

7%

7%

36%

44%

33%

31%

31%

36%

35%

37%

46%

24%

32%

35%

33%

41%

13%

24%

19%

7%

4%

9%

17%

14%

23%

22%

8%

4%

19%

9%

Please note: Green figures represent a positive net balance, while red figures represent a negative net balance. Sector and firm size show SE data only. 

Q. Do you think that each of the following will improve, stay the same, or get worse over the next 12 months? 
Base: All firms. 

% of firms (net balance)

Investment needs and priorities | 7 

 
 
 
 
 
International trade 

Engagement in international trade 

Two thirds (67%) of Swedish firms are engaged in international trade (either within the EU or outside the EU), close 
to  the  European  Union  average  (63%).  Within  Sweden,  manufacturers  and  large  firms  are  leading  the  way  in 
international trade. 

Imported and exported

Only imported

Only exported

Neither

s

m

r
i
f

f
o
%

37

12

12

39

29

19

46

33

14

47

11

76

25

19

53

58

18

19

67

19

12

26

13

57

38

10

15

37

EU 2024

SE 2023

SE 2024

Manufacturing Construction

Services

Infrastructure

SME

Large

Please note: Sector and firm size show SE data only. 

Q. In 2023, did your company export or import goods and/or services? 
Base: All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses). 

Obstacles related to international trade 

While trade disruptions have declined slightly for both Swedish and EU firms since the start of 2023, Swedish firms’ 
concerns about compliance with new regulations and standards or certifications have increased from the previous 
year. Compared to EU firms, Swedish businesses express greater concern about access to commodities, raw materials, 
semiconductors and microchips and other components. 

EU - major obstacle

SE - major obstacle

EU - minor obstacle

SE - minor obstacle

EU 2023

SE 2023

s

m

r
i
f

f
o
%

26

14

EU

39

SE

16

EU

29

SE

Access to
commodities or raw
materials

Access to
semiconductors and
microchips

29

41

EU

SE

Access to other
components, semi-
finished products,
services or
equipment

31

17

EU

44

SE

32

18

EU

50

SE

31

11

EU

25

SE

Disruptions of
logistics and
transport

Compliance with
new regulations,
standards or
certifications

Recent changes in
customs and tariffs*

Q. Since the beginning of 2023, were any of the following an obstacle to your business’s activities? 
Base: All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses). 
*Base: All importers and exporters (excluding don’t know/refused responses). 

8 | EIBIS 2024 – Sweden overview 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
International trade 

Change in sourcing strategy 

Swedish and EU firms have adopted very similar overall strategies in response to trade shocks. Swedish firms prioritise 
investment in digital inventory and inputs tracking as well as diversification of suppliers. 

s

m

r
i
f

f
o
%

s

m

r
i
f

f
o
%

20

EU

16

SE

20

EU

20

SE

7

EU

6

SE

Increasing stocks and
inventory

Investing in digital inventory
and inputs tracking

Reducing the share of
imported goods or services *

19

EU

19

SE

Diversifying or increasing the
number of countries you
import from *

Q. Since the beginning of 2023, has your company made any of the following changes to your sourcing strategy, or are you plannin g to make any of these 

changes this year? 

Base: All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses). 
* Base: All firms that import (excluding don’t know/refused responses). 

International trade | 9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Climate change and energy efficiency 

Impact of climate change — physical risk 

About 65% of Swedish firms report to have been physically impacted by climate change (either as a major or minor 
impact). Swedish firms are less likely than EU firms to have experienced a major impact (14% vs. 20%). 

A major impact

A minor impact

No impact at all

s

m

r
i
f

f
o
%

34

46

20

40

50

11

35

51

14

31

52

17

41

52

42

41

16

31

53

16

39

48

14

EU 2024

SE 2023

SE 2024

Manufacturing Construction

Services

Infrastructure

SME

31

54

15

Large

Please note: Sector and firm size show SE data only. 

Q. Thinking  about  the impact  of  climate  change on your  company, such  as  losses  due  to  extreme  climate  events,  including droughts,  flooding,  wildfires  or 
storms, or changes in weather patterns due to progressively increasing temperatures and rainfall. What is the impact, also called physical risk, of this on your 
company? 
Base: All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses).

Building resilience to physical risk 

Relatively few firms in both  Sweden and the EU (less  than 50%)  took action to adapt  to climate change.   Within 
Sweden, large firms were much more proactive than SMEs. Furthermore, Swedish firms were more likely than EU firms 
to have invested in solutions to avoid or reduce exposure or an adaptation strategy. 

Any action
Investment in solutions to avoid/reduce exposure to physical risks

Adaptation strategy for physical risks
Buying or renewing insurance products to offset climate-related losses

s

m

r
i
f

f
o
%

48

29

22

21

44

31

34

31

59

45

49

9

18

20

7

11

EU 2024

SE 2024

SME

Large

Please note: Firm size show SE data only. 

Q. Has your company developed or invested in any of the following measures to build resilience to the physical risks of clima te change? 
Base: All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses).

10 | EIBIS 2024 – Sweden overview 

 
 
 
 
Climate change and energy efficiency 

Risks associated with the transition to a net zero emission economy over 
the next five years 

Nearly  half  of  Swedish  firms  (49%)  consider  the  transition  to  stricter  climate  standards  and  regulations  as  an 
opportunity over the next five years, compared to 27% of EU firms. Large firms are more likely than SMEs to perceive 
this transition as an opportunity. Differences across sectors are not significant. 

A risk

No impact

An opportunity

s

m

r
i
f

f
o
%

27

39

34

43

31

26

49

23

29

55

16

30

47

29

23

46

31

23

44

20

36

35

34

31

63

11

26

EU 2024

SE 2023

SE 2024

Manufacturing Construction

Services

Infrastructure

SME

Large

Please note: Sector and firm size show SE data only. 

Q. Thinking about your company, what impact do you expect this transition to stricter climate standards and regulations will have on your company over the 
next five years? 
Base: All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses). 

Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions 

Most firms in both Sweden and the European Union have taken action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Swedish 
firms are more  likely  than EU firms to have invested in sustainable transport  options (73% vs. 52%) and renewable 
energy generation (53% vs. 43%). 

91

94

s

m

r
i
f

f
o
%

42

48

65

71

43

53

74

80

73

52

EU

SE

EU

SE

EU

SE

EU

SE

EU

SE

EU

SE

Any action

Investing in new, less
polluting, business areas and
technologies

Investing in energy efficiency

Onsite/offsite renewable
energy generation

Waste minimisation and
recycling

Sustainable transport options

Q. Has your company invested in or implemented the following, to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions? 
Base: All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses). 

Climate change and energy efficiency | 11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Climate change and energy efficiency 

Share of firms investing in measures to improve energy efficiency 

About a half of Swedish firms report investing in energy efficiency in 2023, similar to the European Union average 
and to the previous year.  Large firms were more likely than SMEs to have made such investments.

2024

2023

e
v
o
r
p
m

i

o
t

s
e
r
u
s
a
e
m
n

i

g
n
i
t
s
e
v
n

i

s

m

r
i
f

f
o
%

y
c
n
e

i
c
i
f
f
e
y
g
r
e
n
e

50
EU

53
SE

54
Manufacturing

44
Construction

51
Services

59
Infrastructure

41
SME

66
Large

Please note: Sector and firm size show SE data only. Derived indicator based on the number of firms that reported a percentage above 0% for the amount 
they invested in the last financial year to improve energy efficiency. 

Q. What proportion of the total investment in the last financial year was primarily for measures to improve energy efficiency  in your organisation?  
Base: All firms. 

Share of investment in measures to improve energy efficiency  

Swedish firms dedicated 12% of total investment to energy efficiency in 2023, similar to both last year's findings and 
the EU average. 

2024

2023

t
n
e
m

t
s
e
v
n

i

s

m

r
i
f

f
o
%

12
EU

12
SE

11
Manufacturing

12
Construction

9
Services

15
Infrastructure

13
SME

10
Large

Please note: Sector and firm size show SE data only. 

Q. What proportion of the total investment in the last financial year was primarily for measures to improve energy efficiency in your organisation? 
Base: All firms that invested in the last financial year (excluding don’t know/refused responses). 

12 | EIBIS 2024 – Sweden overview 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Climate change and energy efficiency 

Targets for own greenhouse gas emissions  

Six in ten Swedish firms set and monitor targets for internal greenhouse-gas emissions. This is similar to the previous 
year and  above  the U average. Large firms are much more likely to set and monitor  targets than  SMEs. In contrast 
construction firms lag behind, with only a minority reducing gas emissions. 

2024

2023

s

m

r
i
f

f
o
%

47

60

67

35

54

70

44

77

Please note: Sector and firm size show SE data only. 

Q. Does your company set and monitor targets for its own greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions? 
Base: All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses). 

Energy audit  

Over half (56%) of Swedish firms have conducted energy audits in the past three years,  consistent with both last 
year's findings and the EU average. Large firms were more likely to have done so than SMEs. 

2024

2023

s

m

r
i
f

f
o
%

52
EU

56
SE

65
Manufacturing

38
Construction

60
Services

50
Infrastructure

39
SME

75
Large

Please note: Sector and firm size show SE data only. 

Q. In the past three years, has your company had an energy audit? By this I mean an assessment of the energy needs and efficiency of your company’s building 
or buildings. 
Base: All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses). 

Climate change and energy efficiency | 13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Climate change and energy efficiency 

Investment plans to deal with climate change impact 

Swedish  firms  are  slightly  behind  in  investments  to  tackle  the  impacts  of  weather  events  or  to  reduce  carbon 
emissions compared to their EU counterparts (55% already invested vs. 61% EU firms). The share of Swedish firms 
planning for future investment is instead comparable to the EU average. Large Swedish firms are leading the way in 
undertaking investments to tackle climate change impacts. 

SE 2023

SE 2022

Large

Infrastructure

Services

EU 2024

Construction

SME

SE 2024

Manufacturing

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

t
s
e
v
n

i

o
t
n
a
P

l

30%

35%

40%

45%

50%

55%

60%

65%

70%

Have already invested

Please note: Sector and firm size show SE data only. 

Q. Which of the following applies to your company regarding investments to tackle the impacts of weather events and to help reduce carbon emissions?  
(a) Before this year the company had already made such investments; (b) The company is investing this year; (c) The company intends to invest over the next 
three years; (d) The company has no investment planned for the next three years. 
Base: All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses). 

14 | EIBIS 2024 – Sweden overview 

 
 
 
 
 
Innovation activities 

Innovation activities 

Fewer Swedish firms reported innovation activity in 2023 than last year’s survey but innovation levels were consistent 
with EU firms (32% vs. 37%). SMEs were more likely than large firms to report innovation activities new to the company.

No innovation

New to the firm

New to the country/global market

EU 2024

SE 2023

SE 2024

Manufacturing

Construction

Services

Infrastructure

SME

Large

68

49

63

57

65

68

65

59

67

30

21

21

23

29

16

22

27

15

21

16

22

16

12

15

18

Please note: Sector and firm size show SE data only. 

Q. What proportion of total investment in the last financial year was for developing or introducing new products, processes o r services? 
Q. Were the products, processes or services new to the company, new to the country or new to the global market? 
Base: All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses). 

% of firms

Use of advanced digital technologies 

While digital technology use is widespread among Swedish and EU firms, adoption rates vary within Sweden. Large 
firms  in  Sweden  show  the  highest  levels  of  digital  adoption,  while  construction  firms  and  SMEs  show  the  lowest.

Single technology

Multiple technologies

EU 2024

27

SE 2023

SE 2024

Manufacturing

Construction

Services

Infrastructure

SME

Large

22

27

19

37

36

22

29

25

47

54

55

66

48

60

28

41

% of firms

69

Please note: Sector and firm size show SE data only. 

Q. To what extent, if at all, are each of the following digital technologies used within your business? Please say if  you do not use the technology within your 
business. 
Reported shares group responses of  firms that “used” the technology, used it “in  parts of business” or had the “entire business organised around it.” Single 
technology refers to firms using one of the technologies surveyed for. Multiple technologies refers to firms using more than one of the technologies surveyed for. 
Base: All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses). 

Innovation activities | 15 

 
 
 
 
 
Innovation activities 

Use of advanced digital technologies 

There are different adoption rates for some digital technologies between Swedish and EU firms. Swedish firms are 
more likely than EU firms to adopt internet of things and Big Data/AI technologies. 

The technologies asked about differ by sector

s

m

r
i
f

f
o
%

60

44

EU

SE

34

EU

49

SE

53

56

53

57

24

EU

21

SE

15

EU

15

SE

EU

SE

EU

SE

Internet of things
* 1,2,3,4

Big data/AI
* 1,2,4

3D printing
* 1,3,4

Augmented or
virtual reality
* 2,3

Digital platform
technologies
* 2,4

Automation via
robotics
* 1

26

EU

30

SE

Drones
* 3

Sector: 1 = Asked to manufacturing firms, 2 = Asked to services firms, 3 = Asked to construction firms, 4 = Asked to infrastructure firms 

Q. To what extent, if at all, are each of the following digital technologies used within your business? Please say if you do  not use the technology within your 
business. 
Reported shares group the responses of firms that implemented the technology “in parts of business” or had the “entire business organised around it.” 
Base: All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses). 

16 | EIBIS 2024 – Sweden overview 

 
 
 
 
 
Investment barriers 

Obstacles to investment  

While fewer firms now see high energy costs as an investment barrier compared to last year’s EIBIS, availability of 
skilled staff and uncertainty about the future remain the primary investment obstacles. Swedish firms are less likely 
than EU firms to cite access to digital infrastructure, labour market regulations, business regulations and availability of 
finance as investment barriers. 

EU - major obstacle
EU - minor obstacle
EU 2023

SE - major obstacle
SE - minor obstacle
SE 2023

s

m

r
i
f

f
o
%

26

23

EU

37

13

SE

Demand for
products or
services

26

51

31

46

50

28

EU

SE

EU

42

16

SE

29

13

EU

25
1
SE

35

26

EU

38

4

SE

34

32

EU

42

9

SE

29

16

EU

35

3

SE

28

17

EU

23

9

SE

35

44

EU

56

22

SE

Availability of
skilled staff

Energy
costs

Access to
digital
infrastructure

Labour
market
regulations

Business
regulations

Adequate
transport
infrastructure

Availability of
finance

Uncertainty
about the
future

Q. Thinking about your investment activities, to what extent is each of the following an obstacle? Is it a major obstacle, a minor obstacle or not an obstacle at 
all? 
Base: All firms (data not shown for not an obstacle at all/don’t know/refused responses). 

Obstacles to investment, by sector and firm size  

Large firms see availability of adequate transport infrastructure as more of a barrier to investment than SMEs.  

Demand 
for products 
or services

Availability of 
skilled staff

Energy 
costs

Digital 
infrastructure 

Labour 
regulations

Business 
regulations

Transport 
infrastructure

Availability 
of finance

Uncertainty 
about the future

SE

Manufacturing

Construction

Services

Infrastructure

SME

Large

50%

48%

57%

60%

38%

48%

51%

78%

80%

85%

72%

78%

80%

76%

59%

70%

76%

57%

38%

63%

54%

25%

28%

21%

28%

21%

23%

28%

42%

49%

49%

43%

31%

40%

45%

51%

56%

57%

57%

38%

50%

53%

% of firms

38%

46%

32%

48%

22%

32%

46%

33%

41%

26%

32%

26%

37%

28%

78%

83%

79%

82%

69%

77%

80%

Please note: Sector and firm size show SE data only. 

Q. Thinking about your investment activities, to what extent is each of the following an obstacle? Is it a major obstacle, a minor obstacle or not an obstacle at 
all? 
Reported shares combine “minor” and “major” obstacles into one category. 
Base: All firms (data not shown for not an obstacle at all/don’t know/refused responses). 

Investment barriers | 17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Room for streamlining, and for strengthening the 
single market 

Firms by share of staff employed to meet regulatory requirements 

About 91% of Swedish firms employ staff to deal with regulatory compliance.  The regulatory burden is particularly 
high for SMEs, given their small size. Indeed, 33% of Swedish SMEs employ more than 10% of their staff to assess and 
comply with regulation compared with 7% of large firms.   

More than 10%

Less than or equal to 10%

None

s

m

r
i
f

f
o
%

14

69

17

10

70

21

78

15

16

48

36

71

22

13

68

19

15

53

33

90

EU 2024

SE 2024

Manufacturing

Construction

Services

Infrastructure

SME

Large

Please note: Sector and firm size show SE data only. 

Q. How many staff does your company employ to assess and comply with mandatory or voluntary regulatory requirements and standards and to fulfil reporting 
requirements related to those? 
Base: All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses). 

Main product or service subject to varying requirements and standards 
across countries 

The survey measures the fragmentation of the EU single market. The majority (82%) of Swedish exporters report that 
they have to comply with different standards and consumer protection rules across EU countries. This is much higher 
than among EU firms (60%). 

s

m

r
i
f

f
o

%

60
EU

82
SE

86

Manufacturing Construction**

88
Services

46
Infrastructure

70
SME

91
Large

Please note: Sector and firm size show SE data only. 

Q. Does your main product or service have to comply with differentiated regulatory requirements, standards or consumer protec tion rules across EU member 
states? 
Base: All EU firms that export (excluding don’t know/refused responses). 
** Base size too small to include. 

18 | EIBIS 2024 – Sweden overview 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Access to finance 

Source of investment finance 

Most of the investment in Sweden was financed internally in  2023. Swedish firms report a lower share of internal 
finance and a higher share of external finance than EU firms. 

External

Internal

Intra-group

e
r
a
h
s
e
c
n
a
n
i
f
e
g
a
r
e
v
A

66

25

12

75

12

10

74

15

13

74

13

13

81

72

25

68

23

74

20

EU 2024

SE 2023

SE 2024

Manufacturing Construction

Services

Infrastructure

SME

15

74

11

Large

Please note: Sector and firm size show SE data only. 

Q. Approximately, what proportion of your investment in the last financial year was financed by each of the following? 
Base: All firms that invested in the last financial year (excluding don’t know/refused responses). 

Use of external finance 

Around a quarter of Swedish firms relied on external financee in 2023, similar to last year’s EIBIS but much lower 
than the European Union average (42%).  

2024

2023

s

m

r
i
f

f
o
%

42
EU

26
SE

22
Manufacturing

39
Construction

16
Services

35
Infrastructure

31
SME

20
Large

Please note: Sector and firm size show SE data only. 

Q. Approximately, what proportion of your investment in the last financial year was financed from each of the following? 
Base: All firms that invested in the last financial year (excluding don’t know/refused responses). 

Access to finance | 19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Access to finance 

Use of bank finance and bank finance on concessional terms 

For Swedish firms using external finance, over half (56%) use bank financing compared with 81% of EU firms. Nearly 
one in five (18%) of Swedish firms using external finance have bank finance on concessional terms. 

Bank Finance

Bank Finance on concessional terms

s

m

r
i
f

f
o
%

27

81
EU

18

56
SE

25

16

32

7

54
Manufacturing

62
Construction

48
Services

59
Infrastructure

12

50
SME

28

66
Large

Please note: Sector and firm size show SE data only. 

Q. Which of the following types of external finance did you use for your investment activities in the last financial year? 
Q. Was any of the bank finance you received on concessional terms (e.g., subsidised interest rate, longer grace period to make debt payments)? 
Base: All firms using external finance (excluding don't know/refused responses). 

Firms with finance from grants or subsidies 

More Swedish firms utilise finance from grants or subsidies than firms across the EU (26% vs. 16%).  

r
o
s
t
n
a
r
g
m
o
r
f
e
c
n
a
n
i
f

g
n
i
s
u
s

m

r
i
f

f
o
%

i

s
e
d
i
s
b
u
s

16
EU

26
SE

38
Manufacturing

7
Construction*

Services**

16
Infrastructure

16
SME

Large**

Please note: Sector and firm size show SE data only. 

Q. Which of the following types of external finance did you use for your investment activities in the last financial year? 
Base: All firms using external finance (excluding don't know and refused responses). 
Caution: base size is low, it is less than 30 observations. ** Base size too small to include. 

20 | EIBIS 2024 – Sweden overview 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Access to finance 

Dissatisfaction with external finance received 

The highest levels of dissatisfaction are about the cost of finance, in both Sweden and the European Union. 

Amount

SE

Amount

EU

Types

2%

1%

4%

3%

Cost

Types

4%

26%

2%

6%

3%

Cost

23%

Collateral

Maturity

Collateral

Maturity

% of firms 

% of firms 

Q. Thinking about all of the external finance you obtained for your investment activities, how satisfied or dissatisfied are you with …? 
Base: All firms that used external finance in the last financial year (excluding don’t know and refused responses). 

Dissatisfaction with external finance received, by sector and firm size 

Dissatisfaction with cost is common to all sectors and sizes of firms. 

Amount

Cost

Maturity

Collateral

Type

SE

Manufacturing

Construction*

Services**

Infrastructure

SME

Large**

2%

4%

5%

1%

4%

26%

26%

38%

22%

32%

3%

2%

4%

4%

4%

% of firms

4%

5%

7%

4%

6%

1%

0%

0%

3%

2%

Please note: Sector and firm size show SE data only. 

Q. Thinking about all of the external finance you obtained for your investment activities, how satisfied or dissatisfied are  you with …? 
Base: All firms that used external finance in the last financial year (excluding don’t know/refused responses). 
* Caution: base size is low, it is less than 30 observations. ** Base size too small to include. 

Access to finance | 21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Access to finance 

Share of finance-constrained firms  

The share of finance-constrained firms has remained stable from last year’s survey. Construction firms are the most 
financially-constrained. 

Rejected

Received less

Too expensive

Discouraged

EU 2024

SE 2023

SE 2024

Manufacturing

3.4

5.4

4.9

3.8

Construction

12.4

Services

Infrastructure

SME

Large

3.3

4.4

4.2

5.6

1.7

1.5

0.3

0.5

1.2

0.1

0.6

1.3

0.2

1.0

0.9

0.7

1.7

0.3

0.9

1.2

2.4

0.5

% of finance-constrained firms

1.9

1.9

Base: All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses).  Please note: Sector and firm size show SE data only. 

5.0

4.9

5.6

4.7

6.2

6.1

6.8

1.9

2.0

3.2

3.5

8.1

7.2

7.0

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

Financing cross 

The share of Swedish firms happy to use internal finance and who are financially constrained has remained relatively 
stable and is similar to the European Union average. 

40%

35%

30%

25%

20%

15%

10%

i

t
o
n
d
d
/
s
d
n
u
f

l

a
n
r
e
t
n

i

n
o
y
l
e
r
o
t
y
p
p
a
h
s

m

r
i
F

e
c
n
a
n
i
f
e
h
t
d
e
e
n

Services

SE 2024 SE 2023

Large

SE 2022

Infrastructure

SME

EU 2024

Manufacturing

Construction

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

16%

18%

% of firms that are external finance constrained

Please note: Sector  and  firm  size show SE  data  only.  Data  derived  from  the  financial  constraint  indicator  and  firms  indicating  that  the  main  reason  for not 
applying for external finance was “happy to use internal finance/didn’t need finance.” 

Base: All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses). 

22 | EIBIS 2024 – Sweden overview 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gender equality in business 

Firms by share of women in senior roles 

Swedish firms  are above the EU average in terms of their share (40% or more) of women in senior management 
compared (35% vs. 23%). The share of firms with 50% or more women owning the company is comparable to the EU 
average. 

18%

16%

14%

12%

10%

8%

6%

4%

2%

0%

n
e
m
o
w
e
r
a
s
r
e
n
w
o
y
n
a
p
m
o
c
f
o
e
r
o
m

r
o
%
0
5

Infrastructure

Construction Services

SE 2024

EU 2024

SME

Manufacturing

Large

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

50%

40% or more of your company's senior management are women

Please note: Sector and firm size show SE data only. 

Q.  Which  of  the  following,  if  any,  apply  to  your  company:  50%  or  more  of  your  company’s  owners  are  women;  40%  or  more  of  your  company’s  senio r 
management are women? 
Base: All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses). 

Gender equality in business | 23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EIBIS 2024: Country technical details 

Sampling tolerances applicable to percentages at or near these levels  

The  final  database  is  based  on  a  sample  rather  than  the  entire  population  of  firms  in  the  European  Union,  so  the 
percentage results are subject to sampling tolerances. These vary with the size of the sample and the percentage figure 
concerned.  

U
E

E
S

g
n
i
r
u
t
c
a
f
u
n
a
M

n
o
i
t
c
u
r
t
s
n
o
C

s
e
c
i
v
r
e
S

e
r
u
t
c
u
r
t
s
a
r
f
n

I

E
M
S

e
g
r
a
L

E
S
.
s
v
U
E

.
s
v
f
u
n
a
M

r
t
s
n
o
C

.
s
v
E
M
S

e
g
r
a
L

(12 030) 

(480) 

(168) 

(81) 

(103) 

(123) 

(423) 

(57) 

(12 033 vs.    
480) 

(81 vs.   
168) 

(423 vs.  
57) 

10% or 90% 

1.1% 

3.5% 

5.7% 

7.1% 

7.5% 

6.8% 

2.5% 

6.7% 

3.6% 

9.1% 

7.1% 

30% or 70% 

1.8% 

5.3% 

8.7% 

10.9% 

11.5% 

10.4% 

3.8% 

10.2% 

5.6% 

13.9% 

10.8% 

50% 

1.9% 

5.8% 

9.5% 

11.9% 

12.5% 

11.4% 

4.2% 

11.1% 

6.1% 

15.1% 

11.8% 

Glossary 

Construction sector 

Based on the NACE classification of economic activities: firms in group F (construction). 

Infrastructure sector 

Based on the NACE classification of economic activities: firms in groups D and E (utilities), group H (transportation and 
storage) and group J (information and communication). 

Investment 

A firm is considered to have invested if it spent more than €500 per employee on investment activities with the intention 
of maintaining or increasing the company’s future earnings.  

Investment cycle 

Based on the expected investment in the current financial year compared to the last one, and the proportion of firms with 
a share of investment greater than €500 per employee. 

Large firms 

Firms with at least 250 employees. 

Manufacturing sector 

Based on the NACE classification of economic activities: firms in group C (manufacturing). 

Services sector 

Based on the NACE classification of economic activities: firms in group G (wholesale and retail trade) and group I 
(accommodation and food services activities). 

SMEs 

Small and medium companies (firms with between five and 249 employees). 

24 | EIBIS 2024 – Sweden overview 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EIBIS 2024: Country technical details 

The country overview presents selected findings based on telephone interviews with 480 firms in Sweden (carried out 
between April and July 2024). 

BASE SIZES (*Charts with more than one base; due to limited space, only the lowest base is shown) 

 Base definition and page reference 
*Chart with multiple bases — due to limited space, only the 
lowest base is shown.  

4
2
0
2
U
E

3
2
0
2
/
4
2
0
2
E
S

g
n
i
r
u
t
c
a
f
u
n
a
M

n
o
i
t
c
u
r
t
s
n
o
C

s
e
c
i
v
r
e
S

e
r
u
t
c
u
r
t
s
a
r
f
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I

s
E
M
S

s

m

r
i
f
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g
r
a
L

All firms, p. 4 (bottom), p. 7 (top), p. 7 (bottom), p. 12 (top) 

12033 

480/480 

168 

81 

103 

123 

423 

57 

All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses), p. 4 (top) 

11693 

468/475 

166 

79 

98 

120 

414 

54 

All firms that invested in the last financial year (excluding don’t 
know/refused responses), p. 5 (top) 

All firms that invested in the last financial year (excluding don’t 
know/refused responses), p. 5 (bottom) 

All firms (excluding response “Company didn’t exist three years 
ago”), p. 6 (top) 

All firms (excluding don't know/refused responses), p. 6 
(bottom) 

10213 

424/419 

149 

70 

92 

108 

377 

47 

10021 

444/447 

156 

77 

94 

112 

391 

53 

12020 

480/479 

168 

81 

103 

123 

423 

57 

11773 

467/471 

166 

78 

97 

121 

410 

57 

All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses), p. 8 (top) 

11998 

480/478 

168 

81 

103 

123 

423 

57 

All importers and exporters (excluding /don’t know/refused 
responses),* p. 8 (bottom) 

7343 

302/293 

146 

25 

76 

51 

259 

43 

All firms (excluding don't know/refused responses) p. 9 (left) 

11961 

478/473 

167 

81 

102 

123 

422 

56 

All firms that import (excluding don’t know/refused responses) 
p. 9 (right) 

6092 

257/372 

123 

23 

69 

40 

217 

40 

All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses), p. 10 (top) 

11940 

476/472 

167 

81 

100 

123 

419 

57 

All firms (excluding don't know/refused responses) p. 10 
(bottom) 

11938 

470/466 

165 

80 

99 

121 

414 

56 

All firms (excluding don't know/refused responses), p. 11 (top) 

11498 

452/453 

162 

76 

97 

112 

399 

53 

All firms (excluding don't know/refused responses), p. 11 
(bottom) 

12005 

478/477 

168 

80 

102 

123 

422 

56 

All firms that invested in the last financial year (excluding don’t 
know/refused responses), p. 12 (bottom) 

10249 

413/429 

147 

67 

91 

103 

361 

52 

All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses), p. 13 (top) 

11832 

465/466 

161 

80 

98 

121 

410 

55 

All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses), p. 13 
(bottom) 

11578 

435/440 

151 

74 

93 

112 

386 

49 

All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses), p. 14 (top) 

11711 

454/464 

159 

78 

98 

114 

402 

52 

EIBIS 2024: Country technical details | 25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses), p. 15 (top) 

11781 

459/459 

160 

76 

98 

121 

404 

55 

All firms (excluding don't know/refused responses), p. 15 
(bottom) 

12010 

478/474 

168 

81 

102 

123 

421 

57 

All firms (excluding don't know/refused responses), p. 16 

11924 

465/466 

166 

79 

98 

118 

410 

55 

All firms (data not shown for not an obstacle at all/don’t 
know/refused responses), p 17 

12033 

480/480 

168 

81 

103 

123 

423 

57 

All firms (excluding don't know/refused responses) p. 18 (top) 

11539 

460/NA 

159 

78 

98 

120 

411 

49 

All firms that export (excluding don’t know/refused responses) 
p. 18 (bottom) 

All firms that invested in the last financial year (excluding don’t 
know/refused responses), p. 19 (top) 

All firms that invested in the last financial year (excluding don’t 
know/refused responses), p. 19 (bottom) 

All firms using external finance (excluding don't know/refused 
responses), p. 20 (top) 

All firms using external finance (excluding don't know and 
refused responses), p. 20 (bottom) 

All firms that used external finance in the last financial year 
(excluding don’t know and refused responses), p. 21  

5308 

228/NA 

129 

7 

54 

34 

194 

34 

10635 

448/446 

156 

78 

97 

113 

394 

54 

10635 

448/446 

156 

78 

97 

113 

394 

54 

4174 

129/37 

34 

28 

13 

53 

118 

11 

4172 

112/118 

34 

28 

10 

39 

103 

9 

4114 

127/118 

34 

28 

12 

52 

117 

10 

All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses), p. 22 (top) 

11627 

460/459 

158 

81 

100 

117 

409 

51 

All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses), p. 22 
(bottom) 

11627 

460/459 

158 

81 

100 

117 

409 

51 

All firms (excluding don’t know/refused responses), p. 23 

11947 

472/NA 

166 

81 

102 

118 

420 

52 

26 | EIBIS 2024 – Sweden overview 

 
 
EIB INVESTMENT SURVEY 2024

SWEDEN

OVERVIEW

pdf:

ISBN 978-92-861-5840-7

© European Investment Bank, 01/2025