Council Decision (CFSP) 2025/396 of 24 February 2025 amending Decision (CFSP) 2022/266 concerning restrictive measures in response to the illegal recognition, occupation or annexation by the Russian Federation of certain non-government controlled areas of Ukraine
Date: 2025-02-24
Institutions: Council of the European Union
Subjects: EU restrictive measure, Russia, Russo-Ukrainian issue, Ukraine, economic sanctions, international sanctions, military occupation, territorial dispute, territorial law, trade restriction




L_202500396EN.000101.fmx.xml












Official Journal of the European Union


EN
L series













2025/396


24.2.2025







            COUNCIL DECISION (CFSP) 2025/396
         
of 24 February 2025
         
amending Decision (CFSP) 2022/266 concerning restrictive measures in response to the illegal recognition, occupation or annexation by the Russian Federation of certain non-government controlled areas of Ukraine


THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,

Having regard to the Treaty on European Union, and in particular Article 29 thereof,


Having regard to the proposal from the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy,

Whereas:







(1)


On 23 February 2022, the Council adopted Decision (CFSP) 2022/266 (1).












(2)


On 6 October 2022, in response to the illegal annexation of Ukraine’s Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia regions by the Russian Federation, the Council adopted Decision (CFSP) 2022/1908 (2). That Decision amended the title of Decision (CFSP) 2022/266 and extended the geographical scope of the restrictions to cover all the non-government controlled areas of Ukraine in the oblasts of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia.












(3)


In its conclusions of 19 December 2024, the European Council reiterated its resolute condemnation of Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine, which constitutes a manifest violation of the Charter of the United Nations, and reaffirmed the Union’s unwavering commitment to providing continued political, financial, economic, humanitarian, military and diplomatic support to Ukraine and its people.












(4)


The Union does not recognise, and continues to reject and condemn, the illegal annexation by Russia of Ukraine’s Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia regions. The Union remains dedicated to fully implementing its non-recognition policy.












(5)


In view of the gravity of the situation and the continued illegal actions by the Russian Federation violating fundamental rules of international law, including, in particular, the prohibition on the use of force enshrined in Article 2(4) of the Charter of the United Nations, and violating fundamental rules of international humanitarian law, it is appropriate to adopt further restrictive measures.












(6)


The Union remains committed to using all diplomatic, economic, and legal instruments at its disposal to prevent the consolidation of Russia’s illegal occupation of the non-government controlled areas of Ukraine in the oblasts of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia (‘non-government controlled areas’) and to support Ukraine’s full restoration of sovereignty over its entire internationally-recognised territory. In order to inhibit the economic, financial, and legal integration of the non-government controlled areas into the Russian Federation, as well as to prevent the circumvention, by the Russian Federation through those non-government controlled areas, of Union restrictive measures set out in Council Decision 2014/512/CFSP (3), it is appropriate to expand the restrictive measures set out in Decision(CFSP) 2022/266.












(7)


In particular, it is appropriate to impose restrictions on services that facilitate Russia’s illegal occupation and enable economic actors to integrate into Russia’s legal and financial system, primarily on the provision to the non-government controlled areas of accounting, auditing, bookkeeping, tax consulting, business and management consulting, public relations, construction, architectural, engineering, legal advisory, IT consultancy, market research and public opinion polling, technical testing and analysis and advertising services.












(8)


With the aim of inhibiting circumvention practices, it is appropriate to prohibit the provision to the non-government controlled areas of certain software for the management of enterprises and software for industrial design and manufacture, and of related intellectual property rights or trade secrets.












(9)


It is also appropriate to prohibit the supply to the non-government controlled areas of banknotes denominated in any official currency of a Member State.












(10)


In order to minimise the risk of circumvention, it is appropriate to restrict the export to the non-government controlled areas of certain goods and technology that are also restricted by Decision 2014/512/CFSP.












(11)


In order to ensure alignment with the interpretation of the Court of Justice of the European Union in Case C-72/11 (4), it is appropriate to amend the provision prohibiting circumvention to clarify that the requirements of knowledge and intent are met not only where a person deliberately seeks the object or effect of circumventing restrictive measures but also where a person participating in an activity having the object or effect of circumventing restrictive measures is aware that such participation may have that object or that effect, and accepts that possibility.












(12)


Decision (CFSP) 2022/266 should therefore be amended accordingly,





HAS ADOPTED THIS DECISION:



Article 1
Decision (CFSP) 2022/266 is amended as follows:






(1)


Articles 3 and 4 are deleted.










(2)


In Article 5, paragraph 3 is deleted.










(3)


Article 6 is amended as follows:






(a)


paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:

‘1.   It shall be prohibited to sell, supply, transfer, or export, directly or indirectly, goods and technology by nationals of Member States, or from the territories of Member States, or using vessels or aircraft under the jurisdiction of Member States, whether or not originating in the Union,






(a)


to any natural or legal person, entity or body in the non-government controlled areas referred to in Article 1; or,










(b)


for use in the non-government controlled areas referred to in Article 1,
in the following sectors:






(i)


transport;










(ii)


telecommunications;










(iii)


energy; and










(iv)


the prospection, exploration and production of oil, gas and mineral resources.’








;









(b)


paragraph 3 is deleted.














(4)


Article 7 is amended as follows:






(a)


paragraph 1 is replaced by the following:

‘1.   It shall be prohibited to provide, directly or indirectly, accounting, auditing, including statutory audit, bookkeeping or tax consulting services, or business and management consulting or public relations services to legal persons, entities or bodies in the non-government controlled areas.’
;









(b)


the following paragraphs are inserted after paragraph 1:

‘1-a.   It shall be prohibited to provide, directly or indirectly, construction, architectural and engineering services, legal advisory services and IT consultancy services to legal persons, entities or bodies in the non-government controlled areas.


1-b.   It shall be prohibited to provide, directly or indirectly, market research and public opinion polling services, technical testing and analysis services and advertising services to legal persons, entities or bodies in the non-government controlled areas.


1-c.   It shall be prohibited to sell, supply, transfer, export, or provide, directly or indirectly, software for the management of enterprises and software for industrial design and manufacture to legal persons, entities or bodies in the non-government controlled areas.
The Union shall take the necessary measures in order to determine the relevant items to be covered by this paragraph.


1-d.   It shall be prohibited to:






(a)


provide, directly or indirectly, technical assistance or brokering services directly relating to infrastructure in the non-government controlled areas in the sectors referred to in Article 6(1), independently of the origin of the goods and technology;










(b)


provide technical assistance, brokering services or other services related to the goods and services referred to in paragraphs 1, 1-a, 1-b and 1-c for their provision, directly or indirectly, to legal persons, entities or bodies in the non-government controlled areas;










(c)


provide financing or financial assistance related to the goods and services referred to in paragraphs 1, 1-a, 1-b and 1-c for their provision, or for the provision of related technical assistance, brokering services or other services, directly or indirectly, to legal persons, entities or bodies in the non-government controlled areas;










(d)


sell, license or transfer in any other way intellectual property rights or trade secrets as well as grant rights to access or re-use any material or information protected by means of intellectual property rights or constituting trade secrets related to the software referred to in paragraph 1-c and to the provision, manufacture, maintenance and use of that software, directly or indirectly to any natural or legal person, entity or body in the non-government controlled areas or for use in the non-government controlled areas.






1-e.   Paragraphs 1 and 1-a shall not apply to the provision of services that are strictly necessary for the exercise of the right of defence in judicial proceedings and the right to an effective legal remedy.


1-f.   Paragraphs 1 and 1-a shall not apply to the provision of services which are strictly necessary to ensure access to judicial, administrative or arbitral proceedings in a Member State, as well as for the recognition or enforcement of a judgment or an arbitration award rendered in a Member State, provided that such provision of services is consistent with the objectives of this Decision and Council Decision 2014/145/CFSP (*1).


1-g.   Paragraphs 1-a, 1-b and 1-c shall not apply to the sale, supply, transfer, export, or provision of services necessary for public health emergencies, the urgent prevention or mitigation of an event likely to have a serious and significant impact on human health and safety or the environment, or as a response to natural disasters.


1-h.   By way of derogation from paragraph 1-c, the competent authorities may authorise the provision of services referred to therein, under such conditions as they deem appropriate, after having determined that those services are necessary for the contribution of Ukrainian nationals to international open-source projects.


1-i.   By way of derogation from paragraphs 1 to 1-d, the competent authorities may authorise the sale, supply, transfer, export, or provision of the services referred to therein, under such conditions as they deem appropriate, after having determined that this is necessary for:






(a)


humanitarian purposes, such as delivering or facilitating the delivery of assistance, including medical supplies, food, or the transfer of humanitarian workers and related assistance, or for evacuations;










(b)


civil society activities that directly promote democracy, human rights or the rule of law in the non-government controlled areas;










(c)


the functioning of international organisations enjoying immunities in accordance with international law located in the non-government controlled areas;










(d)


ensuring critical energy supply within the Union, and the purchase, import or transport into the Union of titanium, aluminium, copper, nickel, palladium and iron ore;










(e)


ensuring the continuous operation of infrastructures, hardware and software which are critical for human health and safety, or the safety of the environment;










(f)


the establishment, operation, maintenance, fuel supply and retreatment and safety of civil nuclear capabilities, and the continuation of design, construction and commissioning required for the completion of civil nuclear facilities, the supply of precursor material for the production of medical radioisotopes and similar medical applications, or critical technology for environmental radiation monitoring, as well as for civil nuclear cooperation, in particular in the field of research and development;










(g)


the provision of electronic communication services by Union telecommunication operators necessary for the operation, maintenance and security, including cybersecurity, of electronic communication services, in Ukraine, in the Union, between Ukraine and the Union, and for data centre services in the Union.






1-j.   The Member State concerned shall inform the other Member States and the Commission of any authorisation granted under paragraphs 1-h or 1-i within two weeks of the authorisation.


(*1)  Council Decision 2014/145/CFSP of 17 March 2014 concerning restrictive measures in respect of actions undermining or threatening the territorial integrity, sovereignty and independence of Ukraine (OJ L 78, 17.3.2014, p. 16, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/dec/2014/145(1)/oj).’."
                        










(c)


In the introductory words of paragraph 1a, the phrase ‘The prohibitions set out in paragraph 1 shall not apply to:’ is replaced by the phrase ‘The prohibitions set out in paragraphs 1 to 1-d shall not apply to:’.










(d)


In paragraph 1b, the phrase ‘In cases not covered by paragraph 1a,’ is replaced by the phrase ‘In cases not covered by paragraphs 1 to 1-d,’.










(e)


Paragraphs 2 and 3 are deleted.














(5)


In Article 8(1), point (a) is replaced by the following:






‘(a)


necessary for official purposes of international organisations enjoying immunities in accordance with international law located in the non-government controlled areas; or,’.














(6)


In Article 9, paragraphs 2 and 3 are deleted.










(7)


The following Articles are inserted:

‘Article 9a

1.   It shall be prohibited to sell, supply, transfer or export banknotes denominated in any official currency of a Member State to the non-government controlled areas or to any natural or legal person, entity or body in the non-government controlled areas, or for use in the non-government controlled areas.


2.   The prohibition in paragraph 1 shall not apply to the sale, supply, transfer or export of banknotes denominated in any official currency of a Member State provided that such sale, supply, transfer or export is necessary for:






(a)


the personal use of natural persons travelling to the non-government controlled areas or members of their immediate families travelling with them;










(b)


the official purposes of international organisations in the non-government controlled areas enjoying immunities in accordance with international law; or










(c)


civil society and media activities that directly promote democracy, human rights or the rule of law in the non-government controlled areas which receive public funding from the Union, Member States or countries listed in the Annex.







Article 9b
It shall be prohibited to participate, knowingly and intentionally, in activities the object or effect of which is to circumvent prohibitions in this Decision, including by participating in such activities without deliberately seeking that object or effect but being aware that the participation may have that object or effect and accepting that possibility.


Article 9c

1.   No claims in connection with any contract or transaction the performance of which has been affected, directly or indirectly, in whole or in part, by the measures imposed under this Decision, including claims for indemnity or any other claim of this type, such as a claim for compensation or a claim under a guarantee, particularly a claim for extension or payment of a bond, guarantee or indemnity, particularly a financial guarantee or financial indemnity, of whatever form, shall be satisfied, if they are made by:






(a)


designated natural or legal persons, entities or bodies listed in the Annex to Decision 2014/145/CFSP;










(b)


any natural person who, or any legal person, entity or body which, has been found by an arbitral, judicial or administrative decision to have infringed the prohibitions set out in this Decision;










(c)


any natural or legal person, entity or body, if the claim relates to goods the import of which is prohibited under Article 1;










(d)


any person, entity or body in the non-government controlled areas;










(e)


any Russian person, entity or body;










(f)


any person, entity or body acting through or on behalf of one of the persons, entities or bodies referred to in points (a) to (e) of this paragraph.






2.   In any proceedings for the enforcement of a claim, the onus of proving that satisfying the claim is not prohibited by paragraph 1 shall be on the natural or legal person, entity or body seeking the enforcement of that claim.


3.   This Article is without prejudice to the right of natural or legal persons, entities or bodies referred to in paragraph 1 to judicial review of the legality of the non-performance of contractual obligations in accordance with this Decision.’.












(8)


An annex is added in accordance with the Annex to this Decision.






Article 2
This Decision shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.




Done at Brussels, 24 February 2025.


For the Council


The President

K. KALLAS
            





(1)  Council Decision (CFSP) 2022/266 of 23 February 2022 concerning restrictive measures in response to the illegal recognition, occupation or annexation by the Russian Federation of certain non-government controlled areas of Ukraine (OJ L 42 I, 23.2.2022, p. 109, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/dec/2022/266/oj).

(2)  Council Decision (CFSP) 2022/1908 of 6 October 2022 amending Decision (CFSP) 2022/266 concerning restrictive measures in response to the recognition of the non-government controlled areas of the Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts of Ukraine and the ordering of Russian armed forces into those areas (OJ L 259 I, 6.10.2022, p. 118, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/dec/2022/1908/oj).

(3)  Council Decision 2014/512/CFSP of 31 July 2014 concerning restrictive measures in view of Russia’s actions destabilising the situation in Ukraine (OJ L 229, 31.7.2014, p. 13, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/dec/2014/512/oj).

(4)  Judgment of the Court of Justice (Third Chamber) of 21 December 2011, Criminal proceedings against Mohsen Afrasiabi and Others, C-72/11, ECLI:EU:C:2011:874, paragraph 67.




ANNEX
The following annex is added to Decision (CFSP) 2022/266:




                        ‘ANNEX
List of countries referred to in Article 9a(2), point (c).
THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
JAPAN
UNITED KINGDOM
SOUTH KOREA
AUSTRALIA
CANADA
NEW ZEALAND
NORWAY
SWITZERLAND
LIECHTENSTEIN
ICELAND’.






ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/dec/2025/396/oj
ISSN 1977-0677 (electronic edition)