Sources on asylum 2024.
Date: 2024-08-19
Institutions: European Union Agency for Asylum
Subjects: EU Member State, bibliography, case-law, human rights, international protection, legislation, migration policy, refugee, right of asylum

COVER 

 
 
 
© European Union Agency for Asylum (EUAA), 2024 

Neither the European Union Agency for Asylum (EUAA) nor any person acting on behalf of the 
EUAA is responsible for the use that might be made of the information contained within this 
publication. 

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Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2024 

PDF  BZ-AL-24-001-EN-N 

ISBN: 978-92-9410-351-2 

ISSN 2811-8081  doi: 10.2847/3931 

Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. For any use or reproduction 
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SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

Contents 

Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 5 

1. European Union .......................................................................................................................... 6 
European Parliament .......................................................................................................................... 6 
European Council | Council of the European Union .................................................................. 7 
European Commission ....................................................................................................................... 7 
Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) ......................................................................... 11 
European Ombudsman ..................................................................................................................... 11 
European Border and Coast Guard Agency (Frontex) ............................................................. 11 
European Union Agency for Asylum (EUAA) ............................................................................. 12 
European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) ......................................................... 13 
European Migration Network (EMN) ............................................................................................. 14 
European Website on Integration (EWSI) .................................................................................... 14 

2. International organisations and inter-governmental processes ......................................... 17 
Council of Europe, Commissioner for Human Rights .............................................................. 17 
Council of Europe, Committee of Ministers................................................................................ 17 
European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading 
Treatment or Punishment (CPT) .................................................................................................... 18 
Council of Europe, Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human  
Beings (GRETA) .................................................................................................................................. 18 
International Organization for Migration (IOM) .......................................................................... 19 
United Nations Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) ........................................................... 19 
United Nations Committee against Torture (UN CAT) ........................................................... 20 
United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) ............................................... 20 
United Nations Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) ............... 20 
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) ................................................. 21 
United Nations Human Rights Council ....................................................................................... 27 
United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights ................................. 27 
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime............................................................................... 27 
United Nations, Statistical Commission, Expert Group on Refugee, IDP and 
Statelessness Statistics ................................................................................................................... 27 
World Health Organization (WHO) ............................................................................................... 27 

3. National authorities ................................................................................................................ 28 
Austria .................................................................................................................................................. 28 
Belgium ............................................................................................................................................... 28 
Bulgaria ............................................................................................................................................... 30 
Croatia .................................................................................................................................................. 31 
Cyprus .................................................................................................................................................. 31 
Czechia ................................................................................................................................................ 32 
Denmark ............................................................................................................................................. 33 
Finland ................................................................................................................................................. 33 
France .................................................................................................................................................. 35 
Germany.............................................................................................................................................. 36 
Greece ..................................................................................................................................................37 
Iceland ................................................................................................................................................. 38 
Ireland .................................................................................................................................................. 38 

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EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

Italy 39 
Latvia ..................................................................................................................................................... 41 
Lithuania ............................................................................................................................................... 41 
Luxembourg ....................................................................................................................................... 43 
Malta..................................................................................................................................................... 43 
Netherlands........................................................................................................................................ 44 
Norway .................................................................................................................................................47 
Poland .................................................................................................................................................. 48 
Portugal ............................................................................................................................................... 49 
Romania .............................................................................................................................................. 49 
Slovakia ............................................................................................................................................... 49 
Slovenia ............................................................................................................................................... 49 
Spain .................................................................................................................................................... 50 
Sweden ................................................................................................................................................ 51 
Switzerland ......................................................................................................................................... 53 

4. Legislation ............................................................................................................................... 55 
Austria .................................................................................................................................................. 55 
Belgium ............................................................................................................................................... 55 
Croatia ................................................................................................................................................. 55 
Cyprus ................................................................................................................................................. 55 
Czechia ................................................................................................................................................ 55 
Denmark ............................................................................................................................................. 56 
France .................................................................................................................................................. 56 
Germany.............................................................................................................................................. 56 
Greece ................................................................................................................................................. 56 
Iceland ................................................................................................................................................. 56 
Italy ....................................................................................................................................................... 56 
Lithuania .............................................................................................................................................. 57 
Luxembourg ....................................................................................................................................... 57 
Malta..................................................................................................................................................... 57 
Poland .................................................................................................................................................. 58 
Romania .............................................................................................................................................. 58 
Slovakia ............................................................................................................................................... 58 
Slovenia ............................................................................................................................................... 58 
Spain .................................................................................................................................................... 58 

5. Case law ................................................................................................................................... 59 

6. Submissions to the Asylum Report 2024 ............................................................................. 60 

7. Civil society and non-governmental organisations ............................................................. 62 

8. Academia, research institutions, think tanks and associations .......................................... 76 

9. Media ........................................................................................................................................ 80 

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SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

Introduction 

This document presents the sources used for the production of the Asylum Report 2024. 
Sources are grouped by type, for example material produced by European institutions and 
agencies, international organisations, national authorities, civil society organisations, think 
tanks and academia. A list of legislation referenced in the report is also provided, as well as 
an overview of case law based on the EUAA Case Law Database. Over 1,300 sources were 
reviewed for the 2024 edition of the Asylum Report. 

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EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

1. European Union 

European Parliament 

European Parliament. (2023, March 9). Parliamentary question: Border procedures in Greece [E-000698/2023]. 
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/E-9-2023-000698_EN.html  

European Parliament (2023, June). Preventing and combating trafficking in human beings and protecting its 
victims: EU Legislation in Progress. (Briefing). 
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/BRIE/2023/749775/EPRS_BRI(2023)749775_EN.pdf 

European Parliament. (2023, July 6). Parliamentary question E-000698/2023(ASW). Answer for question E-
000698/23: Answer given by Ms Johansson on behalf of the European Commission. 
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/E-9-2023-000698-ASW_EN.html  

European Parliament. (September 2023). At a glance: Lives lost at sea. 
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/ATAG/2023/751479/EPRS_ATA(2023)751479_EN.pdf  

European Parliament. (2023, September 4). Parliamentary question: The systematic detention of migrants and the 
conditions in detention centres in Greece [E-002522/2023]. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/E-9-
2023-002522_EN.html  

European Parliament. (2023, September 25). Parliamentary question: Memorandum of understanding between the 
European Union and Tunisia. E-002799/2023. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/E-9-2023-
002799_EN.html  

European Parliament. (2023, October 5). Human trafficking: MEPs want strong focus on victims’ rights [Press 
release]. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20230929IPR06110/human-trafficking-meps-want-
strong-focus-on-victims-rights  

European Parliament. (2023, October 11). Surrogacy only criminalised in the context of trafficking under new 
proposals. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20231011IPR06917/surrogacy-only-criminalised-in-
the-context-of-trafficking-under-new-proposals  

European Parliament. (2023, October 17). 2023 EP journalism prize awarded to international consortium for 
investigation into June’s Pylos migrant boat shipwreck [Press release]. 
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20231016IPR07309/investigation-into-pylos-migrant-
shipwreck-wins-2023-ep-journalism-prize  

European Parliament. (2023, October 18). Trafficking in human beings: MEPS ready to negotiate new EU rules. 
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20231013IPR07128/trafficking-in-human-beings-meps-ready-
to-negotiate-new-eu-rules  

European Parliament. (November 2023). Reception Conditions Across the EU. 
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/STUD/2023/755908/IPOL_STU(2023)755908_EN.pdf  

European Parliament. (2023, November 7). Parliamentary question: Compliance of the Italy-Albania memorandum 
of understanding with international law and EU asylum rules. E-003289/2023. 
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/E-9-2023-003289_EN.html  

European Parliament. (2023, November 22). Parliamentary question: Agreement between Italy and Albania on 
migrant reception and processing facilities in Albania. E-003430/2023. 
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/E-9-2023-003430_EN.html  

European Parliament. (2023, November 27). Parliamentary question: Answer given by Mr Várhelyi on behalf of the 
European Commission. E-002799/2023(ASW). https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/E-9-2023-
002799-ASW_EN.html  

European Parliament. (2023, November 27). Report on the situation of fundamental rights in the European Union, 
Annual report 2022 and 2023. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/A-9-2023-
0376_EN.html?mc_cid=15f9a8e91c&mc_eid=UNIQID  

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SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

European Parliament. (2023, November 28). EU-wide information systems for border management and security. 
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank/en/document/EPRS_BRI(2023)754618  

European Parliament. (December 2023). Understanding EU action against migrant smuggling. Briefing. 
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/BRIE/2023/757577/EPRS_BRI(2023)757577_EN.pdf  

European Parliament. (2023, December 20). Asylum and migration: Deal for more solidarity and responsibility 
sharing. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20231214IPR15929/asylum-and-migration-deal-for-
more-solidarity-and-responsibility-sharing  

European Parliament. (2024, January 23). Trafficking in human beings: Deal on new EU rules. 
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/press-room/20240122IPR17024/trafficking-in-human-beings-deal-on-
new-eu-rules  

EU accession to the Council of Europe Convention on preventing and combating violence against women 
('Istanbul Convention'), March 20, 2024. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/legislative-train/theme-a-new-push-for-
european-democracy/file-eu-accession-to-the-istanbul-convention#:~:text=20%2F03%2F2017-
,The%20Council%20of%20Europe%20Convention%20on%20preventing%20and%20combating%20violence,and%
20girls%20at%20international%20level  

European Council | Council of the European Union 

European Council. (2023, December 14). European Council conclusions on Ukraine, enlargement and reforms. 
https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2023/12/14/european-council-conclusions-on-ukraine-
enlargement-and-reforms/  

European Council | Council of the European Union. (2023, November 13). Lives saved in EU Mediterranean 
operations (2015-2023). https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/infographics/saving-lives-sea/  

European Council | Council of the European Union. (2024, January 23). Fight against human trafficking: Council 
and European Parliament strike deal to strengthen rules. https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-
releases/2024/01/23/fight-against-human-trafficking-council-and-european-parliament-strike-deal-to-strengthen-
rules/  

European Council | Council of the European Union. (2024, February 12). A new EU resettlement framework. 
https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/policies/eu-migration-policy/eu-migration-asylum-reform-pact/resettlement-
framework/  

European Commission 

European Commission. (March 2022). The 10-Point Plan for stronger European coordination on welcoming people 
fleeing the war from Ukraine. https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2022-03/The%2010-Point%20Plan-
For%20stronger%20European%20coordination%20on%20welcoming%20people%20fleeing%20the%20war%20fr
om%20Ukraine_en.pdf  

European Commission. (2022, November 29). Migration management: High-level Forum on legal pathways to 
protection and resettlement cooperation [Press release]. 
https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_22_7248  

European Commission. (2022, December 12). EU working together with African partners on migration: Launch of 
Team Europe initiatives. European Commission (EC). 
https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/IP_22_7540  

European Commission. (2022, December 19). Report form the Commission to the European Parliament, the 
Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions: Report on the progress 
made in the fight against trafficking in human beings (Fourth Report). COM(2022) 736 final. https://eur-
lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=COM%3A2022%3A736%3AFIN&qid=1671461797022  

European Commission. (2023, January 24). Policy document: Towards an operational strategy for more effective 
returns. https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2023-
01/Towards%20an%20operational%20strategy%20for%20more%20effective%20returns_en.pdf  

European Commission. (2023, January 26). January Infringements package: key decisions. 
https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/EN/inf_23_142  

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EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

European Commission. (2023, January 26). Ukraine: Donor Coordination Platform [Press release]. 
https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/read_23_383  

European Commission. (2023, March 7). Security Union: The renewed Schengen Information Systems enters into 
operation. European Commission (EC). https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_23_1505  

European Commission. (2023, March 14). Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and 
the Council establishing the multiannual strategic policy for European integrated border management. https://eur-
lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX%3A52023DC0146  

European Commission. (2023, March 14). Managing migration: new initiatives to strengthen European integrated 
border management and expedite returns. European Commission (EC). 
https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_23_1629  

European Commission. (2023, March 17). InfoPoint conference: Migration- Team Europe Initiatives in Africa. 
https://international-partnerships.ec.europa.eu/news-and-events/events/infopoint-conference-migration-team-
europe-initiatives-africa-2023-03-17_en  

European Commission. (2023, April 20). Ukraine joins the EU Civil Protection Mechanism. European Commission 
(EC). https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_23_2360  

European Commission. (2023, April 27). The European Commission and Tunisia have expressed the willingness to 
establish a stronger partnership on migration, anti-smuggling and the promotion of legal migration. 
https://neighbourhood-enlargement.ec.europa.eu/news/european-commission-and-tunisia-have-expressed-
willingness-establish-stronger-partnership-migration-2023-04-27_en  

European Commission. (2023, May 16). Border management: EU signs status agreement with Montenegro. 
European Commission (EC). https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_23_2764  

European Commission. (2023, May 30). Coomunication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the 
Council on the monitoring of the EU's visa free regimes [COM(2023) 297 final]. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-
content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX%3A52023DC0297#footnote14  

European Commission. (June 2023). The EU Facility for Refugees in Turkey. https://neighbourhood-
enlargement.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2023-08/frit_factsheet.pdf  

European Commission. (2023, June 6). EU Action Plan for the Western Mediterranean and Atlantic routes. 
https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/eu-action-plan-western-mediterranean-and-atlantic-routes_en  

European Commission. (2023, June 6). Migration routes: Commission presents new Action Plan for the Western 
Mediterranean and Atlantic routes. European Commission (EC). 
https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_23_3056  

European Commission. (2023, June 6). Toolbox addressing the use of commercial means of transport to facilitate 
irregular migration to the EU. https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/toolbox-addressing-use-commercial-means-
transport-facilitate-irregular-migration-eu_en  

European Commission. (2023, June 7). Migration management: Update on progress made on the Pilot Projects for 
asylum and return procedures and new financial support for Bulgaria and Romania. 
https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_23_3132  

European Commission. (2023, June 11). The European Union and Tunisia agreed to work together on a 
comprehensive partnership package. https://neighbourhood-enlargement.ec.europa.eu/news/european-union-
and-tunisia-agreed-work-together-comprehensive-partnership-package-2023-06-11_en  

European Commission. (2023, June 20). EU budget: Commission proposes to reinforce long-term EU budget to 
face most urgent challenges. European Commission (EC). 
https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_23_3345  

European Commission. (2023, June 20). Ukraine: Commission proposes to set up a dedicated Facility to support 
Ukraine's recovery, reconstruction and modernisation. European Commission (EC). 
https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_23_3355  

European Commission. (2023, July 16). Memorandum of Understanding on a strategic and global partnership 
between the European Union and Tunisia. European Commission (EC). 
https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/IP_23_3887  

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European Commission. (2023, September 13). 2023 State of the Union Address by President von der Leyen. 
European Commission (EC). https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/speech_23_4426  

European Commission. (2023, September 15). Border management: EU signs Frontex Status Agreement with 
Albania. https://neighbourhood-enlargement.ec.europa.eu/news/border-management-eu-signs-frontex-status-
agreement-albania-2023-09-15_en  

European Commission. (2023, September 19). Migration: Commission 10-point plan for Lampedusa. https://home-
affairs.ec.europa.eu/news/migration-commission-10-point-plan-lampedusa-2023-09-19_en  

European Commission. (2023, September 22). Commission announces almost €127 million in support of the 
implementation of the Memorandum of Understanding with Tunisia and in line with the 10-point plan for 
Lampedusa. https://neighbourhood-enlargement.ec.europa.eu/news/commission-announces-almost-eu127-million-
support-implementation-memorandum-understanding-tunisia-2023-09-22_en  

European Commission. (2023, September 22). Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament 
and the Council, Seventh Annual Report of the Facility of Refugees in Turkey. https://neighbourhood-
enlargement.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2023-
09/COM_2023_543_F1_COMMUNICATION_FROM_COMMISSION_TO_INST_EN_V3_P1_2696289.PDF  

European Commission. (2023, October 18). Commission reports on progress made by Bulgaria and Romania on 
the Pilot Projects for Fast Asylum and Return Procedures. 
https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_23_5063  

European Commission. (2023, October 18). EU Action Plan for the Eastern Mediterranean migration route. 
https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_23_4994  

European Commission. (2023, October 18). EU Action Plan for the Eastern Mediterranean route. https://home-
affairs.ec.europa.eu/eu-action-plan-eastern-mediterranean-route_en  

European Commission. (November 2023). International Conference on a Global Alliance to Counter Migrant 
Smuggling. https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/irregular-migration-and-
return/international-conference-global-alliance-counter-migrant-smuggling_en#more-information  

European Commission. (2023, November 16). Midday press briefing from 16/11/2023 [from 0:55:07 to 1:12:20]. 
https://audiovisual.ec.europa.eu/en/video/I-249434  

European Commission. (2023, November 23). Commission shares good practices to further enhance cooperation 
on EU asylum procedures among Member States. 
https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/api/files/document/print/en/ip_23_5949/IP_23_5949_EN.pdf  

European Commission. (2023, November 23). The Dublin Roadmap in action: Enhancing the effectiveness of the 
Dublin III Regulation: identifying good practices in the Member States. https://home-
affairs.ec.europa.eu/document/download/db01bb15-1177-4f4a-ac3a-
d8a360ac8342_en?filename=SWD%20on%20Enhancing%20the%20effectiveness%20of%20the%20Dublin%20III
%20Regulation%20identifying%20good%20practices%20in%20the%20Member%20States_en.pdf  

European Commission. (2023, November 28). Commission launches a Global Alliance to Counter Migrant 
Smuggling and proposes a strengthened EU legal framework. 
https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_23_6081  

European Commission. (2023, November 29). Joint Communication to the European Council - State of play of EU-
Turkiye political, economic and trade relations. https://neighbourhood-
enlargement.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2023-
11/Joint%20Communication%20to%20the%20European%20Council%20-%20State%20of%20play%20of%20EU-
Turkiye%20political%2C%20economic%20and%20trade%20relations.pdf  

European Commission. (December 2023). EU pledges announced at the 2023 Global Refugee Forum. https://civil-
protection-humanitarian-aid.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2024-01/EU%20pledges%20-
%202023%20Global%20Refugee%20Forum.pdf  

European Commission. (December 2023). Factsheet: EU support to Palestinians. 
https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/FS_23_5377  

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European Commission. (December 2023). Resettlement pledges submitted by Member States for 2024-2025. 
https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2023-
12/Resettlement%20pledges%20submitted%20by%20Member%20States%20for%202024-2025_en.pdf  

European Commission. (2023, December 15). EU announces 61,000 new resettlement and humanitarian 
admission places at the Global Refugee Forum. European Commission (EC). 
https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_23_6633  

European Commission. (2024). Effective management of external borders. https://home-
affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/schengen-borders-and-visa/effective-management-external-borders_en  

European Commission. (2024). Migration and Home Affairs, Common European Asylum System. https://home-
affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/common-european-asylum-system_en  

European Commission. (2024). Migration management. https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-
asylum/migration-management_en  

European Commission. (2024). Migration management: Welcoming refugees from Ukraine. https://home-
affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migration-management/migration-management-welcoming-
refugees-ukraine_en  

European Commission. (2024). Resettlement and other pathways to protection. https://home-
affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/legal-migration-and-integration/resettlement-and-other-
pathways-protection_en  

European Commission. (2024). Task Force Migration Management. https://home-
affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/migration-management/task-force-migration-management_en  

European Commission. (2024, January 9). European Contact Group on Search and Rescue (E03752). 
https://ec.europa.eu/transparency/expert-groups-register/screen/expert-
groups/consult?lang=en&groupId=3752&fromMeetings=true&meetingId=46538  

European Commission. (2024, January 15). Reception conditions. https://home-
affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/common-european-asylum-system/reception-conditions_en  

European Commission. (2024, February 8). Joint press statement by the President of the Islamic Republic of 
Mauritania, the President of the European Commission and the Prime Minister of the Spanish government. 
European Commission (EC). https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/statement_24_709  

European Commission. (2024, March 1). Commission will proceed to paying EUR 50 million to UNRWA. 
https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_24_1285  

European Commission. (2024, March 1). European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations: South 
America. https://civil-protection-humanitarian-aid.ec.europa.eu/where/latin-america-and-caribbean/south-
america_en  

European Commission. (2024, March 1). International Partnerships, Global Europe - Programming. 
https://international-partnerships.ec.europa.eu/funding-and-technical-assistance/funding-instruments/global-
europe-programming_en  

European Commission. (2024, March 11). What is the New Pact on Migration and Asylum. https://home-
affairs.ec.europa.eu/policies/migration-and-asylum/new-pact-migration-and-asylum_en  

European Commission. (2024, March 12). Commission takes stock of key achievements on migration and asylum. 
https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_24_1413  

European Commission. (2024, March 20). EU assistance to Ukraine. https://eu-solidarity-ukraine.ec.europa.eu/eu-
assistance-ukraine_en  

European Commission. (2024, March 25). Integrated audiovisual production, distribution and archiving services 
[EC-COMM/2024/OP/0032]. https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-
tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/tender-details/1ccc033e-79d7-4bb3-9e90-f37032df3fb3-CN  

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European Commission, & Council of Europe. (February 2023). EU-CoE Joint Project on the Establishment of an 
Independent Court Service and Re-engineering of Court Registries. 
http://www.supremecourt.gov.cy/judicial/sc.nsf/All/95162076C0C459F3C225893C002C641E/$file/%CE%A4%CE%
B5%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%20%CE%88%CE%BA%CE%B8%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%B7%20-
%20%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1%20%CE%BC%CE%B
9%CE%B1%CF%82%20%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%BE%CE%AC%CF%81%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B7%C
F%82%20%CE%A5%CF%80%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82%20%CE%94%CE%B9%C
E%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%89%CE%BD%20%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%B
D%20%CE%9A%CF%8D%CF%80%CF%81o.pdf  

European Commission (EC), Directorate-General for Neighbourhood and Enlargement Negotiations. (2023, 
November 8). Ukraine Report 2023. https://neighbourhood-enlargement.ec.europa.eu/ukraine-report-2023_en  

European Commission (EC), Migration and Home Affairs. (2022, November 29). Pledges submitted by the Member 
States for 2023 [Press release]. https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2022-
12/Resettlement%20pledges%20submitted%20by%20Member%20States%20for%202023.pdf  

European Commission (EC), Migration and Home Affairs. (2023). Pledges submitted by the Member States for 
2024 - 2025. https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2023-
12/Resettlement%20pledges%20submitted%20by%20Member%20States%20for%202024-2025_en.pdf  

European Commission (EC), Migration and Home Affairs. (2023, January 15). Reporting on progress made the Pilot 
Project for fast asylum and return procedures with Romania. https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2023-
10/Reporting%20on%20the%20results%20of%20the%20Pilot%20Project%20for%20fast%20asylum%20and%20ret
urn%20procedures%20with%20Romania_en.pdf  

European Commission (EC), Migration and Home Affairs. (2023, October 5). Integration of applicants for 
international protection in the labour market. https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/news/integration-applicants-
international-protection-labour-market-2023-10-05_en  

European Commission (EC), Migration and Home Affairs. (2023, October 18). Reporting on progress made the Pilot 
Project for fast asylum and return procedures with Romania. https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2023-
10/Reporting on the results of the Pilot Project for fast asylum and return procedures with Romania_en.pdf  

European Commission, European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations. (2024, January 18). Forced 
displacement: Refugees, asylum-seekers, and internally displaced persons (IDPs). https://civil-protection-
humanitarian-aid.ec.europa.eu/what/humanitarian-aid/forced-displacement_en  

Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) 

Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU). (2024, January 25). Advocate General Medina: Member States are 
not bound to recognise refugee status granted in another Member State. 
https://curia.europa.eu/jcms/upload/docs/application/pdf/2024-01/cp240018en.pdf  

European Ombudsman 

European Ombudsman. (2023, June 7). Decision in strategic inquiry OI/3/2022/MHZ on how the European 
Commission ensures respect for fundamental rights in EU-funded migration management facilities in Greece. 
https://www.ombudsman.europa.eu/en/decision/en/170792  

European Border and Coast Guard Agency (Frontex) 

European Border and Coast Guard Agency. (2023, February 16). Frontex statement following tragic shipwreck off 
Pylos. https://www.frontex.europa.eu/media-centre/news/news-release/frontex-statement-following-tragic-
shipwreck-off-pylos-dJ5l9p  

European Border and Coast Guard Agency. (2024, January 26). Significant rise in irregular border crossings in 
2023, highest since 2016. https://www.frontex.europa.eu/media-centre/news/news-release/significant-rise-in-
irregular-border-crossings-in-2023-highest-since-2016-C0gGpm  

European Border and Coast Guard Agency. (March 2024). Migratory Map. https://www.frontex.europa.eu/what-we-
do/monitoring-and-risk-analysis/migratory-map/  

11 

 
EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

European Union Agency for Asylum (EUAA) 

European Union Agency for Asylum. (2020, June 25). Asylum Report 2020. https://euaa.europa.eu/asylum-report-
2020  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (2021, June 29). Asylum Report 2021. https://euaa.europa.eu/easo-asylum-
report-2021  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (2022, June 22). Asylum Report 2022. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/publications/asylum-report-2022  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (December 2022). Russian Federation: Political Opposition. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/publications/2022-
12/2022_EUAA_COI_Report_Russian_Federation_Political_Opposition.pdf  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (2022, December 16). Practical Guide on Political Opinion. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/publications/practical-guide-political-opinion  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (2022, December 16). The Russian Federation – Military service. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/publications/russian-federation-military-service  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (2023). Asylum Report 2023. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/publications/2023-07/2023_Asylum_Report_EN_0.pdf  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (February 2023). Country of Origin Information (COI) Report Methodology. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/publications/2023-
02/2023_02_EUAA_COI_Report_Methodology_Rebranded.pdf  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (February 2023). Country of Origin Information (COI) Reports Writing and 
Referencing Guide. https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/publications/2023-
02/2023_02_EUAA_COI_Writing_and_Referencing_Guide_Rebranded.pdf  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (February 2023). Country of Origin Information. Somalia: Security Situation. 
https://coi.euaa.europa.eu/administration/easo/PLib/2023_02_EUAA_COI_Report_Somalia_Security_situation.pdf  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (February 2023). Practical Guide Series. Country of Origin Information. 
Research Guide on LGBTIQ. https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/publications/2023-
02/2023_02_EUAA_COI_Research_Guide_LGBTIQ_Rebranded.pdf  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (2023, February 23). Somalia: Security Situation. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/publications/somalia-security-situation-february-2023  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (April 2023). Country of Origin Information. Iraq: Arab tribes and customary 
law. 
https://coi.euaa.europa.eu/administration/easo/PLib/2023_04_EUAA_COI_Report_Iraq_Arab_tribes_and_customa
ry_law.pdf  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (2023, May 17). Environmental sustainability of reception facilities for asylum 
seekers (Situational Update No. 18). https://euaa.europa.eu/publications/environmental-sustainability-reception-
facilities-asylum-seekers  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (June 2023). Medical Country of Origin Information. Healthcare Provision in 
Bangladesh. 
https://coi.euaa.europa.eu/administration/easo/PLib/2023_06_EUAA_MedCOI_Report_Bangladesh_Healthcare_p
rovision.pdf  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (July 2023). Medical Country of Origin Information. Healthcare Provision in 
Ghana. 
https://coi.euaa.europa.eu/administration/easo/PLib/2023_07_EUAA_MedCOI_Report_Ghana_Healthcare_provisi
on.pdf  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (August 2023). Medical Country of Origin Information. Provision of Healthcare 
in Vietnam. 
https://coi.euaa.europa.eu/administration/easo/PLib/2023_08_EUAA_MedCOI_Report_Vietnam_Healthcare_provi
sion.pdf  

12 

SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

European Union Agency for Asylum. (2023, August 11). Country Guidance Somalia 2023. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/country-guidance-somalia-2023  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (September 2023). Country of Origin Information. Peru - Country Focus. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/publications/2023-
10/2023_10_EUAA_COI_Report_Peru_Country_Focus_0.pdf  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (October 2023). Country of Origin Information. Syria - Country Focus. 
https://coi.euaa.europa.eu/administration/easo/PLib/2023_10_EUAA_COI_Report_Syria_Country_focus.pdf  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (October 2023). Country of Origin Information. Syria - Security Situation. 
https://coi.euaa.europa.eu/administration/easo/PLib/2023_10_EUAA_COI_Report_Syria_Security_situation.pdf  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (November 2023). Country of Origin Information. Venezuela Country Focus. 
https://coi.euaa.europa.eu/administration/easo/PLib/2023_11_EUAA_COI_Report_Venezuela_Country_Focus.pdf  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (December 2023). Afghanistan - Country Focus. 
https://coi.euaa.europa.eu/administration/easo/PLib/2023_12_EUAA_COI_Report_Afghanistan_Country_Focus.pd
f  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (December 2023). Medical Country of Origin Information: Ghana Diabetes 
Mellitus. https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/publications/2023-
12/2023_12_MedCOI_Report_Ghana_Diabetes_Mellitus.pdf  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (December 2023). Medical Country of Origin Information: Ghana 
Pulmonology. https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/publications/2023-
12/2023_12_MedCOI_Report_Ghana_Pulmonology.pdf  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (2024). Let's Speak Asylum. https://lsa.euaa.europa.eu/  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (2024, January 18). Persons with Disabilities in Asylum and Reception 
Systems. https://euaa.europa.eu/publications/persons-disabilities-asylum-and-reception-systems  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (2024, May 15). Dublin Procedure. https://euaa.europa.eu/asylum-
knowledge/dublin-procedure#section178-4  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (2024, May 15). Operational Assistance. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/operations/operational-assistance  

European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) 

European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights. FRA e-learning. https://e-learning.fra.europa.eu/  

European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights. (2023). Fundamental Rights Report ― 2023. 
https://fra.europa.eu/sites/default/files/fra_uploads/fra-2023-fundamental-rights-report-2023_en_0.pdf  

European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights. (2023, March 1). Guardianship for unaccompanied children - A 
manual for trainers of guardians. https://fra.europa.eu/en/publication/2023/guardianship-unaccompanied-children-
trainers-manual  

European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights. (July 2023). Preventing and responding to deaths at sea: what 
the European Union can do. https://fra.europa.eu/en/publication/2023/fra-deaths-sea-paper  

European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights. (2023, October 11). Search and rescue operations in the 
Mediterranean and fundamental rights -June 2023 update. https://fra.europa.eu/en/publication/2023/2023-
update-ngo-ships-sar-activities  

European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights. (2023, October 12). Practical Tool for Guardians — Introduction 
to international protection. https://fra.europa.eu/en/publication/2023/practical-tool-guardians-introduction-
international-protection  

European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights. (2023, October 12). Practical Tool for Guardians — The asylum 
procedure. https://fra.europa.eu/en/publication/2023/practical-tool-guardians-asylum-procedure  

European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights. (2023, October 31). The European Border and Coast Guard and 
fundamental rights. https://fra.europa.eu/en/publication/2023/european-border-coast-guard  

13 

 
EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights. (2023, December 18). Children in migration: fundamental rights 
at European borders. https://fra.europa.eu/sites/default/files/fra_uploads/fra-2023-children-in-migration-
fundamental-rights-at-eu-borders_1.pdf  

European Migration Network (EMN) 

European Migration Network. (2023). EMN Quarterly, Edition No. 42. https://emn.ie/wp-
content/uploads/2023/08/00_emn_42nd_quarterly1.pdf  

European Migration Network. (2023, March 9). Today, the Council of Ministers approved a first package of reform 
measures by Secretary of State for Asylum and Migration Nicole de Moor. https://emnbelgium.be/news/today-
council-ministers-approved-first-package-reform-measures-secretary-state-asylum-and  

European Migration Network. (2023, March 23). Labour Market Integration of International Protection Applicants in 
Ireland. https://emn.ie/publications/labour-market-integration-ip-applicants/  

European Migration Network. (2023, April 26). Statelessness in the European Union, Norway and Georgia: EMN 
Inform. https://emn.ie/publications/statelessness-inform/  

European Migration Network. (2023, November 2). Nicole de Moor launches a prevention campaign to combat 
irregular migration from Guinea. https://emnbelgium.be/news/nicole-de-moor-launches-prevention-campaign-
combat-irregular-migration-guinea  

European Migration Network. (2023, December 6). A draft law introducing a new right of residence for stateless 
persons is currently being discussed in Parliament. https://emnbelgium.be/news/draft-law-introducing-new-right-
residence-stateless-persons-currently-being-discussed  

European Website on Integration (EWSI) 

European Website on Integration. (2023, January 18). Greece: E-learning platform for refugee children. 
https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/greece-e-learning-platform-refugee-children_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, February 7). Poland: New website provides assistance with residency 
applications. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/poland-new-website-provides-assistance-residency-
applications_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, April 20). Denmark: 'New Mother' programme for newcomer mothers. 
https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/denmark-new-mother-programme-newcomer-mothers_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, May 8). Lithuania: Public employment services see rise in registrations 
from refugees. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/lithuania-public-employment-services-see-rise-
registrations-refugees_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, May 30). Funding for Nordic projects promoting refugee and migrant 
integration. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/funding-nordic-projects-promoting-refugee-and-migrant-
integration_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, June 29). Estonia: Draft regulation on language training for beneficiaries 
of international protection. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/estonia-draft-regulation-language-
training-beneficiaries-international-protection_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, August 24). Slovakia: Support for access to education for children 
displaced from Ukraine. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/slovakia-support-access-education-children-
displaced-ukraine_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, September 6). Slovakia: Funding for projects promoting the financial 
literacy of migrants and refugees. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/slovakia-funding-projects-
promoting-financial-literacy-migrants-and-refugees_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, October 3). Greece: Integration guide for beneficiaries of international 
protection. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/greece-integration-guide-beneficiaries-international-
protection_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, October 4). Greece: A help desk for the integration of refugees. 
https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/greece-help-desk-integration-refugees_en  

14 

SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

European Website on Integration. (2023, October 13). Denmark: New social support rules for some migrants. 
https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/denmark-new-social-support-rules-some-migrants_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, October 13). Denmark: New social support rules for some migrants. 
https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/denmark-new-social-support-rules-some-migrants_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, November 13). Belgium: Standardised Dutch language test introduced. 
https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/belgium-standardised-dutch-language-test-introduced_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, November 13). Belgium: Standardised Dutch language test introduced. 
https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/belgium-standardised-dutch-language-test-introduced_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, November 15). Czech Republic: Changes to housing support for those 
displaced from Ukraine. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/czech-republic-changes-housing-support-
those-displaced-ukraine_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, November 15). Poland: Funding for social initiatives by refugees. 
https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/poland-funding-social-initiatives-refugees_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, November 16). Italy: UNHCR expands Common Space project to Naples. 
https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/italy-unhcr-expands-common-space-project-naples_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, November 20). Belgium: New and ongoing measures against housing 
discrimination. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/belgium-new-and-ongoing-measures-against-
housing-discrimination_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, November 20). Belgium: New and ongoing measures against housing 
discrimination. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/belgium-new-and-ongoing-measures-against-
housing-discrimination_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, November 21). Deutschland: "Jobturbo" für Geflüchtete [Germany: "Job 
turbo" for refugees]. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/deutschland-jobturbo-fuer-gefluechtete_de  

European Website on Integration. (2023, November 21). Deutschland: "Jobturbo" für Geflüchtete [Germany: “Turbo 
job” for refugees]. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/deutschland-jobturbo-fuer-gefluechtete_de  

European Website on Integration. (2023, November 23). Poland: Grant competition to support local integration 
initiatives in schools. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/poland-grant-competition-support-local-
integration-initiatives-schools_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, November 30). Italy: New agreement on social and economic integration 
of refugees. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/italy-new-agreement-social-and-economic-integration-
refugees_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, December 7). Italy: Court ruling on delays in migrant regularisation 
procedures. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/italy-court-ruling-delays-migrant-regularisation-
procedures_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, December 8). Deutschland: Einführung der Bezahlkarte für Geflüchtete 
[Germany: Introduction of payment cards for refugees]. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/deutschland-
einfuehrung-der-bezahlkarte-fuer-gefluechtete_de  

European Website on Integration. (2023, December 8). Deutschland: Einführung der Bezahlkarte für Geflüchtete 
[Germany: Introduction of the payment card for refugees]. https://migrant-
integration.ec.europa.eu/news/deutschland-einfuehrung-der-bezahlkarte-fuer-gefluechtete_de  

European Website on Integration. (2023, December 8). Italy: Grants for integration pathways for unaccompanied 
minors. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/italy-grants-integration-pathways-unaccompanied-
minors_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, December 8). Italy: Grants for integration pathways for unaccompanied 
minors. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/italy-grants-integration-pathways-unaccompanied-
minors_en  

15 

 
 
 
EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

European Website on Integration. (2023, December 11). France : Adoption de la loi visant à lutter contre les 
discriminations par la pratique de tests individuels et statistiques [France: Adoption of the law aimed at combating 
discrimination through the practice of individual and statistical tests]. https://migrant-
integration.ec.europa.eu/news/france-adoption-de-la-loi-visant-lutter-contre-les-discriminations-par-la-pratique-de-
tests_fr  

European Website on Integration. (2023, December 11). Poland: Migrant integration centre network continues to 
grow. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/poland-migrant-integration-centre-network-continues-
grow_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, December 11). Poland: Migrant integration centre network continues to 
grow. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/poland-migrant-integration-centre-network-continues-
grow_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, December 14). Ausbildung heimischer Imame soll zur Integration 
beitragen [Training local imams should contribute to integration]. https://migrant-
integration.ec.europa.eu/news/ausbildung-heimischer-imame-soll-zur-integration-beitragen_de  

European Website on Integration. (2023, December 14). Spain: First families arrive from Nicaragua under national 
resettlement programme. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/spain-first-families-arrive-nicaragua-under-
national-resettlement-programme_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, December 14). Spain: First families arrive from Nicaragua under national 
resettlement programme. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/spain-first-families-arrive-nicaragua-under-
national-resettlement-programme_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, December 15). Slovakia: Improvements to service networks for third-
country nationals. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/slovakia-improvements-service-networks-third-
country-nationals_en  

European Website on Integration. (2023, December 20). France : Adoption de la loi pour contrôler l'immigration, 
améliorer l'intégration [France: Adoption of the law to control immigration, improve integration]. https://migrant-
integration.ec.europa.eu/news/france-adoption-de-la-loi-pour-controler-limmigration-ameliorer-lintegration_fr  

European Website on Integration. (2023, December 26). France : Appel à projets de la société civile en matière de 
cohabitation solidaire bénéficiant aux bénéficiaires de la protection internationale [France: Call for projects from 
civil society in terms of supportive cohabitation benefiting beneficiaries of international protection]. https://migrant-
integration.ec.europa.eu/news/france-appel-projets-de-la-societe-civile-en-matiere-de-cohabitation-solidaire-
beneficiant-aux_fr  

European Website on Integration. (1 Janaury 2024). Italy: New inclusion support for TCNs with long term residence 
status. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/italy-new-inclusion-support-tcns-long-term-residence-
status_en  

European Website on Integration. (2024, January 3). Slovakia: Further facilitation of TCN labour market access. 
https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/news/slovakia-further-facilitation-tcn-labour-market-access_en  

European Website on Integration. (2024, February 6). The role of civil society organisations in facilitating the 
integration of refugees in Europe. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/event/role-civil-society-organisations-
facilitating-integration-refugees-europe_en  

European Website on Integration. (2024, May 15). The role of civil society organisations in facilitating the 
integration of refugees in Europe. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/event/role-civil-society-organisations-
facilitating-integration-refugees-europe_en  

16 

SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

2. International organisations and inter-
governmental processes 

Council of Europe, Commissioner for Human Rights 

Council of Europe (CoE), Commissioner for Human Rights. (2023, April 13). Commissioner for Human Rights of the 
Council of Europe, Dunja Mijatovic, Report following her visit to Spain from 21 to 25 November 2022. 
https://rm.coe.int/report-on-spain-following-the-visit-from-21-to-25-november-2022-by-dun/1680aaeb17  

Council of Europe (CoE), Commissioner for Human Rights (2023, May 10). Spain: address housing and health 
inequalities, safeguard freedoms of expression and assembly and provide safe and legal access to the territory for 
people seeking asylum. Council of Europe. https://www.coe.int/en/web/commissioner/-/spain-address-housing-
and-health-inequalities-safeguard-freedoms-of-expression-and-assembly-and-provide-safe-and-legal-access-to-
the-territory-for-people-seeking-asylum  

Council of Europe (CoE), Commissioner for Human Rights. (2023, November 9). Greece: the Ombudsman 
institution opening an independent investigation into the Pylos shipwreck is a welcome step. 
https://www.coe.int/sr/web/commissioner/-/greece-the-ombudsman-institution-opening-an-independent-
investigation-into-the-pylos-shipwreck-is-a-welcome-step  

Council of Europe (CoE), Commissioner for Human Rights. (2023, November 13). Italy-Albania agreement adds to 
worrying European trend towards externalising asylum procedures. https://www.coe.int/en/web/commissioner/-
/italy-albania-agreement-adds-to-worrying-european-trend-towards-externalising-asylum-procedures  

Council of Europe (CoE), Commissioner for Human Rights. (2023, November 13). Italy-Albania agreement on the 
disembarkation and processing of asylum applications adds to worrying European trend towards externalising 
ayslum procedures. Tweet [Tweet]. Twitter. 
https://twitter.com/CommissionerHR/status/1724033764324434033?s=20  

Council of Europe (CoE), Commissioner for Human Rights (2023, November 16). Denmark: refocus on protection 
and integration in asylum policy and step up measures to improve the situation of persons with disabilities. Council 
of Europe. https://www.coe.int/en/web/commissioner/-/denmark-refocus-on-protection-and-integration-in-asylum-
policy-and-step-up-measures-to-improve-the-situation-of-persons-with-disabilities  

Council of Europe, Committee of Ministers 

Council of Europe, Committee of Ministers. (2023, March 26). 1475th meeting (September 2023) (DH) - Action Plan 
(21/06/2023) - Communication from Croatia concerning the M.H. and Others v. Croatia (Application No. 15670/18). 
https://hudoc.exec.coe.int/eng?i=DH-DD(2023)758E  

Council of Europe, Committee of Ministers. (September 2023). 1475th meeting (DH) - Reply from the authorities 
(25/08/2023) following a communication from an NGO (16/06/2023) (Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights) 
(16/06/2023) in the case Bistieva and Others v. Poland (Application No. 75157/14) [DH-DD(2023)1014]. 
https://hudoc.exec.coe.int/eng?i=DH-DD(2023)1014E  

Council of Europe, Committee of Ministers. (September 2023). 1475th meeting, Decision in the application No 
15670/18 in the case M.H. v Croatia. https://hudoc.exec.coe.int/eng?i=004-60187  

Council of Europe, Committee of Ministers. (September 2023). Communication from the authorities (20/06/2023) 
concerning the case of M.S.S. / Rahimi v. Greece (Application No. 30696/09). 
https://search.coe.int/cm/Pages/result_details.aspx?ObjectID=0900001680abadc9  

Council of Europe, Committee of Ministers. (2023, September 19). M.S.S. v. Greece, Status of Execution, 1475 DH 
meeting. https://hudoc.exec.coe.int/eng?i=004-1219  

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EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading 
Treatment or Punishment (CPT) 

Council of Europe, European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or 
Punishment. (2023, February 23). Report to the Lithuanian Government on the periodic visit to Lithuania carried 
out by the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or 
Punishment (CPT) from 10 to 20 December 2021. CPT/Inf (2023) 01. https://rm.coe.int/1680aa51af  

Council of Europe, European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or 
Punishment. (2023, May 19). Council of Europe anti-torture Committee visits Cyprus. 
https://www.coe.int/en/web/cpt/-/council-of-europe-anti-torture-committee-visits-cyprus  

Council of Europe, European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or 
Punishment. (2023, June 23). Report to the Government of the Netherlands on the periodic visit to the Kingdom of 
the Netherlands carried out by the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading 
Treatment or Punishment (CPT) from 10 to 25 May 2022. CPT/Inf (2023) 12. https://rm.coe.int/1680abb4b5  

Council of Europe, European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or 
Punishment. (2023, June 23). Response of the Government of the Netherlands to the report of the European 
Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) on its visit to 
the Kingdom of the Netherlands from 10 to 25 May 2022. CPT/Inf (2023) 13. https://rm.coe.int/1680abb4b  

Council of Europe, European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or 
Punishment. (July 2023). Report to the Government of Belgium carried out by the European Committee for the 
Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT) from 7 to 10 November 2022. 
CPT/Inf (2023) 20. https://rm.coe.int/1680abeddd  

Council of Europe, European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or 
Punishment. (2023, July 11). Council of Europe anti-torture Committee (CPT) publishes report on its 2022 visit to 
Latvia. CPT/Inf (2023) 16. https://www.coe.int/en/web/cpt/-/council-of-europe-anti-torture-committee-cpt-publishes-
report-on-its-2022-visit-to-latvia  

Council of Europe, European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or 
Punishment. (2023, July 17). Executive Summary of the Report to the Latvian Government on the periodic visit to 
Latvia carried out by the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment 
or Punishment (CPT) from 10 to 20 May 2022. CPT/Inf (2023) 16 - Part. https://rm.coe.int/1680abe945  

Council of Europe, European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or 
Punishment. (2023, December 4). Council of Europe anti-torture Committee (CPT) visits Greece: A delegation of 
the Council of Europe's Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or 
Punishment (CPT) carried out an ad hoc visit to Greece from 21 November to 1 December 2023. 
https://www.coe.int/en/web/cpt/-/council-of-europe-anti-torture-committee-cpt-visits-greece  

Council of Europe, Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings 
(GRETA) 

Council of Europe, Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings. Evaluation report Iceland: 
Third evaluation round. https://rm.coe.int/greta-evaluation-report-on-iceland-third-evaluation-round-focus-
access/1680ad10b1  

Council of Europe, Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings. Evaluation report Netherlands: 
Third evaluation round. https://rm.coe.int/greta-evaluation-report-on-the-netherlands-third-evaluation-round-
focu/1680ad38f2  

Council of Europe, Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings. Evaluation report Poland: 
Third evaluation round. https://rm.coe.int/greta-evaluation-report-on-poland-3rd-evaluation-round-greta-2023-08-
a/1680ab7039  

Council of Europe, Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings. Evaluation report Slovenia: 
Third evaluation round. https://rm.coe.int/greta-evaluation-report-on-slovenia-3rd-evaluation-round-greta-2023-
05/1680ab958b  

18 

SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

Council of Europe, Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings. Evaluation report Spain: Third 
evaluation round. https://rm.coe.int/greta-evaluation-report-on-spain-3rd-evaluation-round-greta-2023-10-
ac/1680ab8d0f  

Council of Europe, Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings. Evaluation report Sweden: 
Third evaluation round. https://rm.coe.int/greta-evaluation-report-on-sweden-third-evaluation-round-thematic-
focu/1680acf80b  

Council of Europe, Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings. Report concerning the 
implementation of the Council of Europe Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings by Greece: 
Second evaluation round. https://rm.coe.int/greta-evaluation-report-on-greece-2nd-evaluation-round/1680aaa70a  

Council of Europe, Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings. (2023). 12th General Report: 
Covering the period from 1 January to 31 December 2022. https://rm.coe.int/12th-general-report-on-greta-activities-
covering-the-period-from-1-jan/1680ab9868  

Council of Europe, Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings. (2023, June 14). GRETA 
publishes 2022 annual report, highlighting the need for more action and resources to tackle human trafficking in 
Europe. https://www.coe.int/en/web/portal/-/greta-publishes-2022-annual-report-highlighting-the-need-for-more-
action-and-resources-to-tackle-human-trafficking-in-europe  

Council of Europe, Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings. (2023, July 27). Against 
multiple crises backdrop, the fight against human trafficking must remain high on all stakeholders’ agenda, says 
GRETA. https://www.coe.int/en/web/portal/-/against-multiple-crises-backdrop-the-fight-against-human-trafficking-
must-remain-high-on-all-stakeholders-agenda-says-greta  

International Organization for Migration (IOM) 

International Organization for Migration. (2023). Hellenic Integration Support for Beneficiaries of International 
Protection and Temporary Protection (HELIOS). https://greece.iom.int/hellenic-integration-support-beneficiaries-
international-protection-and-temporary-protection-helios  

International Organization for Migration. (2023, May 31). Quick identification of vulnerable situations of migrants 
can save lives. https://iom.sk/en/news-events/2111-quick-identification-of-vulnerable-situations-of-migrants-can-
save-lives.html  

International Organization for Migration. (2023, October 23). E. Bingelis: „Atidaromas naujas centras skirtas 
užsieniečiams“ [E. Bingelis: "A new centre is opening for foreigners"]. https://lithuania.iom.int/lt/news/e-bingelis-
atidaromas-naujas-centras-skirtas-uzsienieciams  

International Organization for Migration. (2024). Mediterranean | Missing Migrants Project. 
https://missingmigrants.iom.int/region/mediterranean  

International Organization for Migration (IOM) Slovakia. (2023, May 31). Quick identification of vulnerable situations 
of migrants can save lives. https://iom.sk/en/news-events/2111-quick-identification-of-vulnerable-situations-of-
migrants-can-save-lives.html  

United Nations Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) 

United Nations Children’s Emergency Fund. (2023, April 6). Supporting the integration of refugee and migrant 
children in host EU countries: UNICEF and Swiss Government launch a new project. 
https://www.unicef.org/eca/stories/supporting-integration-refugee-and-migrant-children-host-eu-countries  

United Nations Children’s Emergency Fund. (2023, September 29). Migranti: aumentati del 60% i minori stranieri 
non accompagnati. Oggi a Roma la conferenza stampa UNICEF sulla missione a Lampedusa [Migrants: 
unaccompanied foreign minors increased by 60%. Today in Rome the UNICEF press conference on the mission to 
Lampedusa]. https://www.unicef.it/media/migranti-aumentati-del-60-i-minori-stranieri-non-accompagnati-oggi-a-
roma-la-conferenza-stampa-unicef-sulla-missione-a-lampedusa/  

19 

 
 
 
EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

United Nations Committee against Torture (UN CAT) 

United Nations Committee against Torture. (2023, June 7). Concluding observations on the fourth periodic report 
of Slovakia. CAT/C/SVK/CO/4. 
https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CAT%2FC%2FSVK%2FCO%
2F4&Lang=en  

United Nations Committee against Torture. (2023, August 23). Concluding observations on the third periodic 
report of Romania. CAT/C/ROU/CO/3. 
https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CAT%2FC%2FROU%2FCO%
2F3&Lang=en  

United Nations Committee against Torture. (2023, December 7). Concluding observations on the fourth periodic 
report of Slovenia. 
https://docstore.ohchr.org/SelfServices/FilesHandler.ashx?enc=6QkG1d%2FPPRiCAqhKb7yhsmfCLZ%2FaqGLi91%
2FnZNT6JeHY4aDg2HVQQ741QVe7Ge063mMUgesLXIkXsPzHtwdODYoCoHW6D59pYLnq1x%2F4NzM3lZFzWV
QGeEcaOsFX4ccN  

United Nations Committee against Torture. (2023, December 11). Concluding observations on the eighth periodic 
report of Switzerland. 
https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CAT%2FC%2FCHE%2FCO%
2F8&Lang=en  

United Nations Committee against Torture. (2024, March 25). Concluding observations on the seventh periodic 
report of Spain. CAT/C/ESP/CO/7. 
https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CAT%2FC%2FESP%2FCO%
2F7&Lang=en  

United Nations Committee against Torture. (2024, March 27). Concluding observations on the eighth periodic 
report of Switzerland. 
https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CAT%2FC%2FCHE%2FCO%
2F8&Lang=en  

United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) 

United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child. (2023, February 28). Concluding observations on the 
combined fifth and sixth periodic reports of Ireland: CRC/C/IRL/CO/5-6. 
https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CRC%2FC%2FIRL%2FCO%2
F5-6&Lang=en  

United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child. (2023, March 7). Concluding observations on the combined 
sixth and seventh periodic reports of Sweden: CRC/C/SWE/CO/6-7. 
https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CRC%2FC%2FSWE%2FCO%
2F6-7&Lang=en  

United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child. (2023, November 15). Concluding observations on the 
combined fifth and sixth periodic reports of Finland: CRC/C/FIN/CO/5-6. 
https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CRC%2FC%2FFIN%2FCO%
2F5-6&Lang=en  

United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child. (2023, December 4). Concluding observations on the 
combined sixth and seventh periodic reports of France. 
https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CRC%2FC%2FFRA%2FCO%
2F6-7&Lang=en  

United Nations Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) 

United Nations Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. (2023, October 3). Concluding observations 
on the combined second and third periodic reports of Germany. 
https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CRPD%2FC%2FDEU%2FCO
%2F2-3&Lang=en  

20 

SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) 

Save the Children, & United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (June 2023). Mappatura sullo stato attuale 
delle procedure di identificazione e accertamento dell’età [Mapping on the current state of identification and age 
assessment procedures]. https://s3.savethechildren.it/public/files/uploads/pubblicazioni/mappatura-sullo-stato-
attuale-delle-procedure-di-identificazione-e-accertamento-
delleta.pdf?_gl=1%2a1llfsj1%2a_ga%2aMTA5NzkyMjE0Ny4xNjkxMTM3OTcy%2a_ga_J4L0VBWH7F%2aMTY5MTM
5NTc4Ny4yLjAuMTY5MTM5NTc5NS4wLjAuMA.%2a_fplc%2aQmhHcnVhT3dTd21xZFZWZFhGUjR0amVrUlJFY0Vk
QzMlMkZTZlJlRCUyRkFGS0tYTzVLVVczZVpIa0w5QnQxOXdFdjlFRkI2MUxaOUdZZWZGREM2YUFSSGl6bFdDNT
ViRm12MEZ5VCUyRnViS3NEVDR3cktqRlo1am5VOSUyQlNrMmZSdkElM0QlM0Q  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. Complementary pathways for admission to third countries. 
https://www.unhcr.org/what-we-do/build-better-futures/long-term-solutions/complementary-pathways-admission-
third-3  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. Proyecto SEMilla2023 [SEMilla2023 Project]. 
https://www.acnur.org/es-es/acnur-en-espana/nuestro-trabajo/proteccion/violencias-por-motivos-de-
genero/proyecto-semilla2023  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2014-2023). #IBelong. https://www.unhcr.org/ibelong/  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (June 2019). Three-Year Strategy on Resettlement and 
Complementary Pathways (2019-2021). https://www.unhcr.org/fr-fr/en/media/three-year-strategy-resettlement-and-
complementary-pathways  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2022, January 31). Strengthened protection for stateless people 
in Ukraine: 737 stateless persons applied to determine their status in 2021. https://www.unhcr.org/ua/en/41381-
strengthened-protection-for-stateless-people-in-ukraine-737-stateless-persons-applied-to-determine-their-status-
in-2021.html  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (December 2022). Legal considerations on the roles and 
responsibilities of States in relation to rescue at sea, non-refoulement, and access to asylum. 
https://www.refworld.org/policy/legalguidance/unhcr/2022/en/124184  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023). Global Appeal 2023. https://reporting.unhcr.org/global-
appeal-2023  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023). Mid-Year Trends 2023. https://www.unhcr.org/mid-year-
trends  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023). Resettlement Data Finder. https://rsq.unhcr.org/en/#Yk91  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (January 2023). UNHCR's Recommendations for the Swedish 
and Spanish Presidencies of the Council of the European Union (EU), January -December 2023. 
https://www.refworld.org/docid/63bd99904.html  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, January 19). UNHCR calls for urgent action to avoid large 
numbers of asylum-seekers being left homeless and destitute. https://www.unhcr.org/ie/news/press-
releases/unhcr-calls-urgent-action-avoid-large-numbers-asylum-seekers-being-left  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (March 2023). Background note on gender equality, nationality 
laws and statelessness 2023. https://www.refworld.org/pdfid/640751284.pdf  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, March 14). UNHCR launches new appeal for Afghan 
refugees and hosts, urging partners to stay the course. https://www.unhcr.org/news/unhcr-launches-new-appeal-
afghan-refugees-and-hosts-urging-partners-stay-course  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, March 21). High Commissioner's message on the 
International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination. https://www.unhcr.org/news/high-commissioners-
message-international-day-elimination-racial-discrimination  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, April 27). Acute needs of older Ukrainian refugees and 
those with disabilities must not be overlooked. https://www.unhcr.org/news/acute-needs-older-ukrainian-refugees-
and-those-disabilities-must-not-be-overlooked  

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EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (May 2023). Legge 5 maggio 2023, n. 50 di conversione, con 
modificazioni, del decreto-legge 10 marzo 2023, n. 20, recante disposizioni urgenti in materia di flussi di ingresso 
legale dei lavoratori stranieri e di prevenzione e contrasto all’immigrazione irregolare [Law of 5 May 2023, n. 50, 
with amendments, of the legislative decree of 10 March 2023, n. 20, containing urgent provisions regarding the 
legal entry flows of foreign workers and the prevention and fight against irregular immigration]. 
https://www.unhcr.org/it/wp-content/uploads/sites/97/2023/05/Nota-tecnica-di-commento-legge-Legge-5-maggio-
2023-n.-50.pdf  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (May 2023). UNHCR-Empfehlungen zur Änderung des 
Asylgesetzes (AsylG): Sicherheit und Betrieb in den Zentren des Bundes [UNHCR Recommendations amending 
Regulation (EC) Asylum Act (AsylG): Safety & Operations in the centres of the Federal]. 
https://www.unhcr.org/dach/wp-
content/uploads/sites/27/2023/05/20230503_UNHCR_Vernehmlassung_Anderung-des-AsylG.pdf  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, May 17). UN Deputy High Commissioner for Refugees 
urges increased support for Latin America. https://www.unhcr.org/news/press-releases/un-deputy-high-
commissioner-refugees-urges-increased-support-latin-america  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (Ed.). Legge 5 maggio 2023, n. 50 di conversione, con 
modificazioni, del decreto-legge 10 marzo 2023, n. 20, recante disposizioni urgenti in materia di flussi di ingresso 
legale dei lavoratori stranieri e di prevenzione e contrasto all’immigrazione irregolare. Nota tecnica dell’Ufficio 
dell’Alto Commissariato delle Nazioni Unite per i Rifugiati (UNHCR) [Law No 50 of 5 May 2023 converting, with 
amendments, Decree-Law No 20 of 10 March 2023 laying down urgent provisions on the legal entry flows of 
foreign workers and preventing and combating irregular immigration. Technical note from the Office of the United 
Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)]. 

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, May 18). Nota tecnica dell’UNHCR sulle disposizioni in 
materia di asilo contenute nella Legge 5 maggio 2023 n. 50 [UNHCR technical note on the provisions on asylum 
contained in Law 5 May 2023 n. 50]. https://www.unhcr.org/it/notizie-storie/comunicati-stampa/nota-tecnica-sulle-
disposizioni-in-materia-di-asilo-contenute-nella-legge-5-maggio-2023-n-50/  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, May 23). Irish Government urged to take action as part of 
UN campaign to end statelessness. https://www.unhcr.org/ie/news/press-releases/irish-government-urged-take-
action-part-un-campaign-end-statelessness  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, May 24). Over 1 million people internally displaced in 
Somalia in record time. https://www.unhcr.org/news/press-releases/over-1-million-people-internally-displaced-
somalia-record-time  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (June 2023). Assessment of the international protection needs of 
asylum-seekers of Palestinian origin in Belgium: Analysis of selected aspects and recommendations. 
https://www.refworld.org/themes/custom/unhcr_rw/pdf-
js/viewer.html?file=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.refworld.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2F2024-
01%2Fopendocpdf_6.pdf  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (June 2023). Protecting LGBTIQ+ people in situations of forced 
displacement: A Stocktaking on UNHCR progress since the 2021 Roundtable. 
https://www.unhcr.org/media/protecting-lgbtiq-people-situations-forced-displacement-stocktaking-unhcr-progress-
2021  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (June 2023). UNHCR Position on Voluntary Return to Ukraine. 
https://www.refworld.org/policy/countrypos/unhcr/2023/en/124299  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, June 5). In Bangladesh, UNHCR Deputy High 
Commissioner calls for urgent support for Rohingya refugees. https://www.unhcr.org/news/press-
releases/bangladesh-unhcr-deputy-high-commissioner-calls-urgent-support-rohingya  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, June 6). European statelessness conference pushes for 
concrete action and commitments to resolve statelessness in Europe. https://www.unhcr.org/news/press-
releases/european-statelessness-conference-pushes-concrete-action-and-commitments  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, June 14). UNHCR calls for concerted action as forced 
displacement hits new record in 2022. https://www.unhcr.org/news/press-releases/unhcr-calls-concerted-action-
forced-displacement-hits-new-record-2022  

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SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, June 16). UNHCR and IOM call for decisive action 
following Mediterranean tragedy. https://www.unhcr.org/news/press-releases/unhcr-and-iom-call-decisive-action-
following-mediterranean-tragedy  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, June 20). UNHCR observations on the draft Amendments 
to the Law of Republic of Latvia on the State Border Guard Law (No 278/Lp14) and the draft amendments to the 
Law of Republic of Latvia on the State Border of the Republic of Latvia (No 277/Lp14). 
https://www.refworld.org/legal/natlegcomments/unhcr/2023/en/21250  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (2023, June 21). The Office of the United Nations High 
Commissioner for Refugees Statement on Membership of Particular Social Group and the Best Interests of the 
Child in Asylum Procedures Issued in the context of the preliminary ruling reference to the Court of Justice of the 
European Union in the case of K., L. v. Staatssecretaris van Justitie en Veiligheid (C-646/21). Refworld - UNHCR's 
Global Law and Policy Database. https://www.refworld.org/jurisprudence/amicus/unhcr/2023/en/124273  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, June 27). UNHCR concerned with new legislation in 
Latvia. Statement from UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency, on law amendments adopted in Latvia. 
https://www.unhcr.org/neu/102005-unhcr-concerned-with-new-legislation-in-latvia.html  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, June 27). World Bank-UNHCR Data Sharing Agreement 
to Improve Assistance to the Forcibly Displaced. https://www.unhcr.org/news/press-releases/world-bank-unhcr-
data-sharing-agreement-improve-assistance-forcibly-displaced  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, June 30). UNHCR Observations on the legislative 
proposals in the interim report "A new order for the accommodation of asylum-seekers". 
https://www.refworld.org/legal/natlegcomments/unhcr/2023/en/124275?prevDestination=search&prevPath=/searc
h?keywords=UNHCR+Observations+on+the+legislative+proposals+in+the+interim+report+%22A+new+order+for+th
e+accommodation+of+asylum-seekers%22&sort=score&order=desc&page=1&result=result-124275-en  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (July 2023). UNHCR Recommendations to the European Union, 
Resettlement Needs, Complementary Pathways, Key Priorities for 2024. 
https://www.refworld.org/docid/64db66984.html  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (July 2023). Voluntary Return to Ukraine of Refugee Children 
without Parental Care, including Unaccompanied Children and Children Evacuated from Care Institutions in 
Ukraine. https://www.refworld.org/policy/countrypos/unhcr/2023/en/77345  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, July 14). UNHCR warns of mounting violence against 
women and girls in eastern DRC. https://www.unhcr.org/news/briefing-notes/unhcr-warns-mounting-violence-
against-women-and-girls-eastern-drc  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, July 26). UNHCR e UNICEF: un cambio di passo a 
Lampedusa. La forte pressione migratoria mette alla prova i risultati finora raggiunti [ UNHCR and UNICEF: a 
change of pace in Lampedusa. Strong migratory pressure puts what has been achieved so far to the test]. 
https://www.unhcr.org/it/notizie-storie/notizie/unhcr-e-unicef-un-cambio-di-passo-a-lampedusa-la-forte-pressione-
migratoria-mette-alla-prova-i-risultati-finora-raggiunti/  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, July 28). UN Refugee Agency Protection Chief concludes 
visit to Greece, calling for increased protection for refugees - UNHCR Cyprus. 
https://www.unhcr.org/cy/2023/07/28/un-refugee-agency-protection-chief-concludes-visit-to-greece-calling-for-
increased-protection-for-refugees/  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (August 2023). Ukraine Situation: Regional Refugee Response 
Plan - 2023 Mid-Year Report. https://reporting.unhcr.org/ukraine-situation-regional-refugee-response-plan-2023-
mid-year-report  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, August 15). Estonian Police and Border Guard Board 
working with UNHCR to help refugees. https://www.unhcr.org/neu/109327-estonian-police-and-border-guard-
board-working-with-unhcr-to-help-refugees.html  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, August 25). Estonia Operational Update - Q2 2023. 
https://data.unhcr.org/en/documents/details/103009?_gl=1%2a80li1a%2a_rup_ga%2aNzAyOTk5MTcuMTY5MjM1M
zExMQ.%2a_rup_ga_EVDQTJ4LMY%2aMTY5NDQyNTIxMy4xNi4xLjE2OTQ0MjU4MzEuMC4wLjA.%2a_ga%2aNzA
yOTk5MTcuMTY5MjM1MzExMQ.%2a_ga_78X9GWYLVR%2aMTY5NDQyNTIxMy41LjEuMTY5NDQyNTgzMS4wLjAu
MA.#_ga=2.13721143.1803506425.1694419023-70299917.1692353111  

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EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, August 31). Advisory opinion by the United Nations High 
Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) on the Draft Law of 16 November 2022 amending the law of 15 December 
1980 on access to the territory, residence, settlement and removal of foreign nationals concerning the introduction 
to externalize the asylum policy.  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (September 2023). Czech Republic Factsheet. 
https://data.unhcr.org/en/documents/download/103955  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, September 5). UNHCR commits to climate action in Africa 
to protect displaced populations and foster resilience. https://www.unhcr.org/news/press-releases/unhcr-commits-
climate-action-africa-protect-displaced-populations-and-foster  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, September 6). UNHCR observations on the draft 
Amendments to the Law of the Republic of Lithuania on Legal Status of Foreigners (XIVP-2797). 
https://www.refworld.org/legal/natlegcomments/unhcr/2023/en/124341  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, September 6). UNHCR observations on the draft 
Amendments to the Law of the Republic of Lithuania on Legal Status of Foreigners (XIVP-2797). 
https://www.refworld.org/legal/natlegcomments/unhcr/2023/en/124341  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, September 8). Education on Hold: Almost half of school-
aged refugee children from Ukraine missing out on formal education. https://www.unhcr.org/news/briefing-
notes/education-hold-almost-half-school-aged-refugee-children-ukraine-missing-out  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, September 20). The cost of inaction in Sudan: working 
together in support of the humanitarian situation in Sudan and the region. https://www.unhcr.org/news/press-
releases/cost-inaction-sudan-working-together-support-humanitarian-situation-sudan-and  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (October 2023). Enfants non accompagnés et séparés au Grand-
Duché de Luxembourg [Unaccompanied and separated children in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg]: Conditions 
d’accueil et d’accompagnement Accès à la protection internationale et au regroupement familial [Reception and 
support conditions Access to international protection and family reunification]. https://www.unhcr.org/be/wp-
content/uploads/sites/46/2023/12/uasc-report-lux-23.pdf  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (October 2023). Renforcer la protection des personnes 
déplacées de force et des apatrides [Strengthening the protection of forcibly displaced persons and stateless 
persons]: Mémorandum du HCR dans le contexte des élections législatives du 8 octobre 2023 au Grand-Duché de 
Luxembourg [HCR memorandum in the context of legislative elections of 8 October 2023 in the Grand Duchy of 
Luxembourg]. https://www.unhcr.org/be/wp-content/uploads/sites/46/2023/10/UNHCR-Memorandum-
Luxembourg-2023.pdf  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, October 3). A decade after the Lampedusa shipwreck, the 
continuing tragedies need to end. https://www.unhcr.org/news/press-releases/decade-after-lampedusa-shipwreck-
continuing-tragedies-need-end  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, October 12). 74th Session of the Executive Committee of 
the High Commissioner's Programme – Statement by Ms Gillian Triggs, Assistant High Commissioner for 
Protection. https://www.unhcr.org/news/speeches-and-statements/74th-session-executive-committee-high-
commissioners-programme  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, October 17). Audizione informale dell’UNHCR nell’ambito 
dell’esame del disegno di legge C. 1458 di conversione in legge del decreto-legge n. 133 del 2023, recante 
disposizioni urgenti in materia di immigrazione e protezione internazionale, nonché per il supporto alle politiche di 
sicurezza e la funzionalità del Ministero dell’interno [UNHCR Informal Hearing as Part of the Consideration of Bill C. 
1458 of Conversion into law of Decree-Law No. 133 of 2023, containing urgent provisions in immigration and 
international protection, as well as for the support of security policies and functionality of the Ministry of the 
Interior]. 
https://documenti.camera.it/leg19/documentiAcquisiti/COM01/Audizioni/leg19.com01.Audizioni.Memoria.PUBBLICO.
ideGes.21696.19-10-2023-13-11-28.289.pdf  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, October 23). Refugee Fellowship Initiative in Lithuania 
provides professionals forced to flee with a key to the local labour market. https://www.unhcr.org/neu/115247-
refugee-fellowship-initiative-in-lithuania-provides-professionals-forced-to-flee-with-a-key-to-the-local-labour-
market.html  

24 

SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, October 25). Over 114 million displaced by war, violence 
worldwide. https://news.un.org/en/story/2023/10/1142827  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (November 2023). Global Appeal 2024. 
https://reporting.unhcr.org/global-appeal-2024  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (November 2023). Global Compact on Refugees, Indicator 
Report 2023. https://www.unhcr.org/indicator-report-2023  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (November 2023). UNHCR-Empfehlungen Zur Unterbringung 
Von Asylsuchenden In Den Bundesasylzentren (Baz) [UNHCR Recommendations on the accommodation of Asylum 
Seekers In The Federal Asylum Centres (Baz)]. https://www.unhcr.org/dach/wp-
content/uploads/sites/27/2023/11/20231106-UNHCR-Empfehlungen-zur-Unterbringung-in-den-BAZ.pdf  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, November 7). Transfer arrangements of asylum seekers 
and refugees must respect international refugee law. https://www.unhcr.org/news/press-releases/unhcr-transfer-
arrangements-asylum-seekers-and-refugees-must-respect  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, November 17). Refugee indicators show progress on 
inclusion but need for wider action. https://reliefweb.int/report/world/2023-global-compact-refugees-indicator-
report  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, December 1). As winter sets in, UNHCR calls for sustained 
support for humanitarian and recovery needs in Ukraine. https://www.unhcr.org/news/briefing-notes/winter-sets-
unhcr-calls-sustained-support-humanitarian-and-recovery-needs  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (December 2023). Nordic Asylum Practice in relation to Religious 
Conversion: Insights from Denmark, Norway and Sweden, PPLA/2023/02. 
https://www.refworld.org/reference/research/unhcr/2023/en/147079  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, December 4). Factsheet Praxisänderung für weibliche 
afghanische Asylsuchende [Factsheet concerning the State Secretariat for Migration (SEM) policy change for 
female Afghan asylum seekers]. https://www.unhcr.org/dach/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2023/12/20231204-Fact-
Sheet-Afghanistan-DE.pdf  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, December 4). UNHCR calls for urgent global action at 
COP28, highlighting climate change’s impact on the displacement crisis. https://www.unhcr.org/news/press-
releases/unhcr-calls-urgent-global-action-cop28-highlighting-climate-change-s-impact  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, December 5). Refugees and displaced people from 
climate frontlines call for greater inclusion at COP28. https://www.unhcr.org/news/stories/refugees-and-displaced-
people-climate-frontlines-call-greater-inclusion-cop28  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, December 12). Latin America and the Caribbean mark the 
40th anniversary of the Cartagena Declaration with renewed commitments to solidarity and cooperation. 
https://www.unhcr.org/us/news/press-releases/latin-america-and-caribbean-mark-40th-anniversary-cartagena-
declaration-renewed  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, December 14). Assessment of the international protection 
needs of asylum-seekers of Palestinian origin in Belgium: Analysis of selected aspects and recommendations. 
https://www.refworld.org/cgi-
bin/texis/vtx/rwmain?page=search&docid=65250c534&skip=0&query=palestine&coi=BEL  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, December 15). Global forum closes with over $2.2bn in 
pledges to improve lives of refugees and hosts. https://www.unrefugees.org/news/global-forum-closes-with-over-
22bn-in-pledges-to-improve-lives-of-refugees-and-hosts/  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, December 15). Ireland pledges support for tackling the 
root causes of displacement at the 2nd Global Refugee Forum [Press release]. 
https://www.unhcr.org/ie/news/press-releases/ireland-pledges-support-tackling-root-causes-displacement-2nd-
global-refugee  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, December 15). Summary of the Global Refugee Forum 
2023 by the co-hosts and co-convenors. https://www.unhcr.org/news/speeches-and-statements/summary-global-
refugee-forum-2023-co-hosts-and-co-convenors  

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EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, December 19). Displacement crisis in Sudan deepens as 
fighting spreads. https://www.unhcr.org/news/briefing-notes/displacement-crisis-sudan-deepens-fighting-spreads  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, December 19). UNHCR and IOM welcome new 
amendment facilitating access to labour for migrants and asylum-seekers - UNHCR Greece. 
https://www.unhcr.org/gr/en/56269-unhcr-and-iom-welcome-new-amendment.html  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2023, December 21). UNHCR calls for short and long-term 
solutions that safeguard the rights of asylum seekers in Belgium. https://www.unhcr.org/be/100245-unhcr-calls-for-
short-and-long-term-solutions-that-safeguard-the-rights-of-asylum-seekers-in-belgium.html  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2024). Global Appeal 2024. https://reporting.unhcr.org/global-
appeal-2024-6383  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2024). Global Compact on Refugees - Multistakeholder Pledge: 
Climate Action. https://globalcompactrefugees.org/pledges-contributions/multistakeholder-pledges-
2023/multistakeholder-pledge-climate-action  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2024). Global Compact on Refugees - Multistakeholder Pledge: 
Ending Statelessness. https://globalcompactrefugees.org/pledges-contributions/multistakeholder-pledges-
2023/multistakeholder-pledge-ending-statelessness  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2024). Global Focus, UNCHR Operations Worldwide, Central 
African Republic situation. https://reporting.unhcr.org/operational/situations/central-african-republic-situation  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2024). Hope away from Home campaign. 
https://www.unhcr.org/hope/  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2024). The Global Compact on Refugees. 
https://globalcompactrefugees.org/about-digital-platform/global-compact-refugees  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2024). The New Global Alliance to End Statelessness. 
https://www.unhcr.org/ibelong/the-new-global-alliance-to-end-statelessness/  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2024, January 9). Commenti e raccomandazioni dell’UNHCR sul 
disegno di legge di “Ratifica ed esecuzione del Protocollo tra il Governo della Repubblica italiana e il Consiglio dei 
ministri della Repubblica di Albania per il rafforzamento della collaborazione in materia migratoria, fatto a Roma il 6 
novembre 2023, nonché norme di coordinamento con l’ordinamento interno" [UNHCR’s comments and 
recommendations on the Italian draft law of “Ratification and execution of the Protocol on strengthening 
cooperation in migration matters between the Government of the Republic of Italy and the Council of Ministers of 
the Republic of Albania, done in Rome on 6 November 2023, as well as coordination norms with the national 
legislation framework”]. https://www.unhcr.org/it/wp-content/uploads/sites/97/2024/01/Commenti-e-
raccomandazioni-UNHCR_Protocollo-Italia-Albania_09.01.2024.pdf  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2024, January 10). UNHCR's 2024 Recommendations for the 
Belgian and Hungarian Presidencies of the Council of the European Union (EU). 
https://www.refworld.org/policy/polrec/unhcr/2024/en/147081  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2024, January 31). UNHCR recalls the urgency to solve the 
situation of asylum seekers at the Madrid-Barajas airport [Press release]. https://www.acnur.org/es-
es/en/news/press-releases/unhcr-recalls-urgency-solve-situation-asylum-seekers-madrid-barajas-airport  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (March 2024). Focus Area Strategic Plan for Climate Action 
2024-2030 March 2024. https://reporting.unhcr.org/climate-action-focus-area-strategic-plan-2024-2030  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2024, March 1). The Global Compact on Refugees: 
Multistakeholder Pledge: Community Sponsorship. https://globalcompactrefugees.org/multistakeholder-pledge-
community-sponsorship  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2024, April 2). Search the leading source of legislation, case law 
and UNHCR guidance on refugees, stateless and internally displaced persons. 
https://www.refworld.org/?docid=623dbb384  

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2024, May 15). DAFI scholarship programme. 
https://help.unhcr.org/slovakia/education/dafi-scholarship-programme/  

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SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (June 2024). UNHCR projected global resettlement needs 2024. 
https://reporting.unhcr.org/unhcr-projected-global-resettlement-needs-2024  

United Nations Human Rights Council 

United Nations Human Rights Council. (2024, January 31). Universal Periodic Review - Malta, Fourth Cycle, 
Summary of Stakeholders' information: Input by Malta Refugee Council. https://www.ohchr.org/en/hr-
bodies/upr/mt-index  

United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights 

United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. (2023, May 23). A/HRC/53/28: Refugee 
protection, internal displacement and statelessness - Report of the Special Rapporteur on trafficking in persons, 
especially women and children, Siobhán Mullally (Advance edited version). 
https://www.ohchr.org/en/documents/thematic-reports/ahrc5328-refugee-protection-internal-displacement-and-
statelessness  

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime 

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2023, October 5). IOM and UNODC release new guidance to help 
combat human trafficking through data. https://www.unodc.org/unodc/frontpage/2023/October/iom-and-unodc-
release-new-guidance-to-help-combat-human-trafficking-through-data.html  

United Nations, Statistical Commission, Expert Group on Refugee, IDP and 
Statelessness Statistics  

United Nations, Statistical Commission, Expert Group on Refugee, IDP and Statelessness Statistics. (2023, July 14). 
International Recommendations on Statelessness Statistics (IROSS). 
https://egrisstats.org/recommendations/international-recommendations-on-statelessness-statistics-iross/  

World Health Organization (WHO) 

World Health Organization. (2021, August 31). Mental health and forced displacement. https://www.who.int/news-
room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-health-and-forced-displacement  

World Health Organization. (2023). Promoting the health of refugees and migrants: experiences from around the 
world. https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/366326/9789240067110-eng.pdf?sequence=1  

World Health Organization. (2023, March 7). Disability. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/disability-
and-health  

World Health Organization. (2023, November 1). Action plan for refugee and migrant health in the WHO European 
Region 2023–2030 - Summary. https://www.who.int/poland/publications/m/item/action-plan-for-refugee-and-
migrant-health-in-the-who-european-region-2023-2030-summary  

World Health Organization. (2023, November 8). New compendium showcases positive examples in refugee and 
migrant health. https://www.who.int/news/item/03-03-2023-new-compendium-showcases-positive-examples-in-
refugee-and-migrant-health  

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EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

3. National authorities 

EUAA’s Who is Who in International Protection maps key stakeholders and their role in asylum 
and reception systems based on national policies and legislation and implemented in practice. 
Find the list and role of asylum authorities in the EU+ on the mapping project’s website and in 
the report Who is Who in International Protection, Issue No 1: Asylum Authorities in the EU+. 

Austria 

Austrian Constitutional Court | Der Österreichische Verfassungsgerichtshof. (2023, December 22). Rechtsberatung 
für Asylwerber durch Betreuungsagentur ist nicht hinreichend unabhängig [Legal advice for asylum seekers by 
care agency is not sufficiently independent]. https://www.vfgh.gv.at/medien/BBU.php  

Federal Agency for Reception and Support Services | Bundesagentur für Betreuungs- und 
Unterstützungsleistungen. Das BBU-Kinderschutzkonzept – weil uns Kinderschutz wichtig ist [The BBU child 
protection concept – because child protection is important to us]. https://www.bbu.gv.at/das-bbu-
kinderschutzkonzept-weil-uns-kinderschutz-wichtig-ist  

Federal Agency for Reception and Support Services | Bundesagentur für Betreuungs- und 
Unterstützungsleistungen. (2023). Third Country Nationals. https://www.bbu.gv.at/third-country-nationals  

Federal Agency for Reception and Support Services | Bundesagentur für Betreuungs- und 
Unterstützungsleistungen. (2023, May 16). Stellungnahme im Gesetzesprüfungsverfahren des VfGH [Statement in 
the legal review proceedings of the Austrian Constitutional Court]. https://www.bbu.gv.at/stellungnahme-im-
gesetzespruefungsverfahren-des-vfgh  

Federal Agency for Reception and Support Services | Bundesagentur für Betreuungs- und 
Unterstützungsleistungen. (2023, December 22). Rechtsberatung bleibt wichtiger Teil der BBU [Legal advice 
remains an important part of the BBU]. https://www.bbu.gv.at/rechtsberatung-bleibt-wichtiger-teil-der-bbu  

Belgium 

Council for Alien Law Litigation | Conseil du Contentieux des Etrangers | Raad voor Vreemdelingenbetwistingen. 
(2024, January 31). Le Conseil interroge la Cour de Justice sur la directive procédure (2013/32/UE) [The Council 
asks the Court of Justice of the EU about the Procedures Directive 2013/32/UE]. https://www.rvv-
cce.be/fr/actua/conseil-interroge-cour-justice-sur-directive-procedure-201332ue  

Council of Ministers | Ministerraad | Conseil des ministres. (2023, March 17). Asile et migration : ancrage légal de la 
politique de retour [Asylum and migration: legal anchoring of return policy]. https://news.belgium.be/fr/asile-et-
migration-ancrage-legal-de-la-politique-de-retour  

Council of Ministers | Ministerraad | Conseil des ministres. (2023, March 17). Asile et migration : fin de l’accueil dès 
l’expiration de la procédure d’asile [Asylum and migration: end of reception as soon as the asylum procedure 
expires]. https://news.belgium.be/fr/asile-et-migration-fin-de-laccueil-des-lexpiration-de-la-procedure-dasile  

Council of Ministers | Ministerraad | Conseil des ministres. (2023, March 17). Modification de la loi sur les étrangers 
en matière de regroupement familial [Amendment of the Aliens Act on Family Reunification]. 
https://news.belgium.be/fr/modification-de-la-loi-sur-les-etrangers-en-matiere-de-regroupement-familial  

Federal agency for the reception of asylum seekers | L’Agence fédérale pour l’accueil des demandeurs d’asile | 
Federaal agentschap voor de opvang van asielzoekers. (2023). Participer à la réinstallation de réfugiés 
[Participate in refugee resettlement]. https://www.fedasil.be/fr/actualites/reinstallation/participer-la-reinstallation-
de-refugies  

Federal agency for the reception of asylum seekers | L’Agence fédérale pour l’accueil des demandeurs d’asile | 
Federaal agentschap voor de opvang van asielzoekers. (2023, March 17). Mesures pour soulager le réseau de 
Fedasil [Measures to relieve the Fedasil network]. https://www.fedasil.be/fr/actualites/accueil-des-demandeurs-
dasile/mesures-pour-soulager-le-reseau-de-fedasil  

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SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

Federal agency for the reception of asylum seekers | L’Agence fédérale pour l’accueil des demandeurs d’asile | 
Federaal agentschap voor de opvang van asielzoekers. (2023, May 2). Accueil de Mena à Schaerbeek [Reception 
of UAMs in Schaerbeek]. https://www.fedasil.be/fr/actualites/accueil-de-mena-schaerbeek-0  

Federal agency for the reception of asylum seekers | L’Agence fédérale pour l’accueil des demandeurs d’asile | 
Federaal agentschap voor de opvang van asielzoekers. (2023, May 25). Prévenir les disparitions de Mena 
[Preventing the disappearance of UAMs]. https://www.fedasil.be/fr/actualites/accueil-des-demandeurs-
dasile/prevenir-les-disparitions-de-mena  

Federal agency for the reception of asylum seekers | L’Agence fédérale pour l’accueil des demandeurs d’asile | 
Federaal agentschap voor de opvang van asielzoekers. (2023, July 31). Un nouveau centre d’accueil à Alveringem 
[A new reception centre in Alveringem] [A new reception centre in Alveringem] [Press release]. 
https://www.fedasil.be/fr/actualites/reinstallation/un-nouveau-centre-daccueil-alveringem  

Federal agency for the reception of asylum seekers | L’Agence fédérale pour l’accueil des demandeurs d’asile | 
Federaal agentschap voor de opvang van asielzoekers. (2023, August 30). Pas d’accueil pour les hommes isolés 
[No reception for single men]. https://www.fedasil.be/fr/actualites/accueil-des-demandeurs-dasile/pas-daccueil-
pour-les-hommes-isoles  

Federal agency for the reception of asylum seekers | L’Agence fédérale pour l’accueil des demandeurs d’asile | 
Federaal agentschap voor de opvang van asielzoekers. (2023, September 14). Des familles accueillies en urgence 
[Families received in emergency]. https://www.fedasil.be/fr/actualites/accueil-des-demandeurs-dasile/des-familles-
accueillies-en-urgence  

Federal agency for the reception of asylum seekers | L’Agence fédérale pour l’accueil des demandeurs d’asile | 
Federaal agentschap voor de opvang van asielzoekers. (2023, September 27). Nouvelle adresse pour le Point Info 
de Fedasil [New address for the Fedasil Info Point]. https://www.fedasil.be/fr/actualites/accueil-des-demandeurs-
dasile/nouvelle-adresse-pour-le-point-info-de-fedasil  

Federal agency for the reception of asylum seekers | L’Agence fédérale pour l’accueil des demandeurs d’asile | 
Federaal agentschap voor de opvang van asielzoekers. (2023, October 4). Une task force pour des places 
d’accueil [A task force for reception places]. https://www.fedasil.be/fr/actualites/accueil-des-demandeurs-
dasile/une-task-force-pour-des-places-daccueil  

Federal agency for the reception of asylum seekers | L’Agence fédérale pour l’accueil des demandeurs d’asile | 
Federaal agentschap voor de opvang van asielzoekers. (2023, November 23). Encourager l’accueil via les CPAS 
[Encouraging reception via the CPAS]. https://www.fedasil.be/fr/actualites/accueil-des-demandeurs-
dasile/encourager-laccueil-les-cpas  

Federal agency for the reception of asylum seekers | L’Agence fédérale pour l’accueil des demandeurs d’asile | 
Federaal agentschap voor de opvang van asielzoekers. (2024, January 10). Un projet de Code de la migration [A 
draft Migration Code]. https://www.fedasil.be/fr/actualites/accueil-des-demandeurs-dasile/un-projet-de-code-de-la-
migration  

Nicole de Moor. (2023, March 9). Nicole de Moor: “Eerste pakket hervormingen voor gecontroleerd en 
rechtvaardig migratiemodel” [Nicole de Moor: "First package of reforms for a controlled and fair migration model"]. 
https://www.nicoledm.be/nicole_de_moor_eerste_pakket_hervormingen_voor_gecontroleerd_en_rechtvaardig_
migratiemodel  

Nicole de Moor. (2023, September 28). de Moor laat werkende asielzoekers faire bijdrage betalen voor verblijf in 
opvangcentrum [de Moor makes working asylum seekers pay a fair contribution for staying in a reception centre]. 
https://www.nicoledm.be/de_moor_laat_werkende_asielzoekers_faire_bijdrage_betalen_voor_verblijf_in_opvang
centrum  

Nicole de Moor. (2023, November 2). De Moor lanceert preventiecampagne in Guinée: “nog beter dan terugkeer 
is tegengaan dat mensen naar hier komen” [De Moor launches prevention campaign in Guinea: "even better than 
returning is preventing people from coming here"]. 
https://www.nicoledm.be/de_moor_lanceert_preventiecampagne_in_guin_e_nog_beter_dan_terugkeer_is_tegen
gaan_dat_mensen_naar_hier_komen  

Office of the Commissioner General for Refugees and Stateless Persons | Commissariaatgeneraal voor de 
vluchtelingen en de staatlozen | Commissariat Général aux Réfugiés et aux Apatrides. (2023, May 15). Adjustment 
of the procedure for submitting documents in support of an application for international protection. 
https://www.cgrs.be/en/news/adjustment-procedure-submitting-documents-support-application-international-
protection  

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EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

Office of the Commissioner General for Refugees and Stateless Persons | Commissariaatgeneraal voor de 
vluchtelingen en de staatlozen | Commissariat Général aux Réfugiés et aux Apatrides. (2023, May 15). Adjustment 
of the procedure for submitting documents in support of an application for international protection. 
https://www.cgrs.be/en/news/adjustment-procedure-submitting-documents-support-application-international-
protection  

Office of the Commissioner General for Refugees and Stateless Persons | Commissariaatgeneraal voor de 
vluchtelingen en de staatlozen | Commissariat Général aux Réfugiés et aux Apatrides. (2023, July 11). New list of 
safe countries. https://www.cgrs.be/en/news/new-list-safe-countries-4  

Office of the Commissioner General for Refugees and Stateless Persons | Commissariaatgeneraal voor de 
vluchtelingen en de staatlozen | Commissariat Général aux Réfugiés et aux Apatrides. (2023, July 18). Tabula Rasa. 
https://www.cgrs.be/en/news/tabula-rasa  

Office of the Commissioner General for Refugees and Stateless Persons | Commissariaatgeneraal voor de 
vluchtelingen en de staatlozen | Commissariat Général aux Réfugiés et aux Apatrides. (2023, October 20). Update: 
processing cases of applicants from Gaza and West Bank. https://www.cgrs.be/en/UPDATE-CASES-OF-
APPLICANTS-FROM-GAZA-AND-THE-WEST-BANK  

Office of the Commissioner General for Refugees and Stateless Persons | Commissariaatgeneraal voor de 
vluchtelingen en de staatlozen | Commissariat Général aux Réfugiés et aux Apatrides. (2024, January 2). New 
policy Somalia. https://www.cgrs.be/en/news/new-policy-somalia  

Bulgaria 

Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Bulgaria. (2023, February 23). Over 900 refugee children have received 
support under Caritas Sofia's project. https://www.eeagrants.bg/en/programs/home-affairs/news/over-900-
refugee-children-have-received-support-under-caritas-sofias-project  

State Agency for Refugees at the Council of Ministers | Държавната агенция за бежанците при Министерския. 
(2023). Посещение на австрийска делегация в областта на миграцията и убежището | Държавна Агенция 
за Бежанците при Министерски съвет [Visit of an Austrian delegation in the field of migration and asylum].  

State Agency for Refugees at the Council of Ministries | Държавна агенция за бежанците при Министерския 
Съвет. (2023). Представителят на УНИЦЕФ в България посети РПЦ-Харманли [The representative of UNICEF 
in Bulgaria visited the ROC-Harmanli].  

State Agency for Refugees at the Council of Ministries | Държавна агенция за бежанците при Министерския 
Съвет. (2023). Проект „Съвместни спортни дейности в София“ ["Joint sports activities in Sofia" project].  

State Agency for Refugees at the Council of Ministries | Държавна агенция за бежанците при Министерския 
Съвет. (2023). Рамков договор за сътрудничество за превенция на трафика на хора [Framework Agreement 
on Cooperation for the Prevention of Trafficking in Human Beings].  

State Agency for Refugees with the Council of Ministries | Държавна агенция за бежанците при Министерския 
Съвет. (2023). Видео запознава търсещите международна закрила непридружени деца със социалните 
услуги в България [Video introduces international asylum seekers unaccompanied children to social services in 
Bulgaria].  

State Agency for Refugees with the Council of Ministries | Държавна агенция за бежанците при Министерския 
Съвет. (2023). Откриваща среща по проект „Подобряване на условията за настаняване и осигуряване на 
социални дейности за лица настанени в центровете на Държавната агенция за бежанците при 
Министерския съвет“ [Opening meeting on the project "Improving the conditions for accommodation and 
provision of social activities for persons accommodated in the centers of the State Agency for Refugees with the 
Council of Ministers"].  

State Agency for Refugees with the Council of Ministries | Държавна агенция за бежанците при Министерския 
Съвет. (2023). Отчет за процедурата за международна закрила за периода 01.01.2023 г. – 30.09.2023 г 
[Report on the procedure for international protection for the period 01.01.2023 - 30.09.2023].  

State Agency for Refugees with the Council of Ministries | Държавна агенция за бежанците при Министерския 
Съвет. (2023). Председателят на ДАБ при МС участва във форума “Социалното и образователно 
включване на бежанци – академични дискусии“ [The Chairman of the SAR at the Council of Ministers 
participated in the forum "Social and Educational Inclusion of Refugees – Academic Discussions"].  

30 

SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

State Agency for Refugees with the Council of Ministries | Държавна агенция за бежанците при Министерския 
Съвет. (2023). Представителят на УНИЦЕФ в България посети РПЦ-Харманли [UNICEF representative in 
Bulgaria visited ROC-Harmanli].  

State Agency for Refugees with the Council of Ministries | Държавна агенция за бежанците при Министерския 
Съвет. (2023). Продължава партньорството между ДАБ при МС и НБУ в областта на образованието и 
науката [The partnership between SAR at the Council of Ministers and NBU in the field of education and science 
continues].  

State Agency for Refugees with the Council of Ministries | Държавна агенция за бежанците при Министерския 
Съвет. (2023). Удължаване на проект „Повишаване на административния капацитет на компетентните 
органи в областта на убежището и миграцията“ [Extension of the project "Increasing the administrative 
capacity of the competent authorities in the field of asylum and migration"].  

State Agency for Refugees with the Council of Ministries | Държавна агенция за бежанците при Министерския 
Съвет. (2023). Указание за процедурата за събиране на семейства в Република България [Guidance on the 
procedure for family reunification in the Republic of Bulgaria].  

State Agency for Refugees with the Council of Ministries | Държавна агенция за бежанците при Министерския 
Съвет. (2023). Форум за социална адаптация и интеграция на лицата, получили международна закрила в 
България [Forum for Social Adaptation and Integration of Beneficiaries of International Protection in Bulgaria].  

Croatia 

Ministry of the Interior | Ministarstvo unutarnjih poslova Republike Hrvatske. (2023, September 19). Projekt 
"Nezavisni mehanizam nadzora zaštite temeljnih prava u postupanju policijskih službenika MUP-a u području 
zaštite granice, nezakonitih migracija i međunarodne zaštite“ [Project "Independent monitoring mechanism for the 
protection of fundamental rights in the actions of MUP police officers in the area of border protection, illegal 
migration and international protection"] [Press release]. https://mup.gov.hr/vijesti/projekt-nezavisni-mehanizam-
nadzora-zastite-temeljnih-prava-u-postupanju-policijskih-sluzbenika-mup-a-u-podrucju-zastite-granice-nezakonitih-
migracija-i-medjunarodne-zastite/291631  

Ministry of the Interior | Ministarstvo unutarnjih poslova Republike Hrvatske. (2024, January 18). Poziv kandidatima 
za pružanje pravne pomoći u postupku povratka za razdoblje od 2024. do 2027. godine [Call for candidates to 
provide legal assistance in the return process for the period from 2024 to 2027]. https://mup.gov.hr/vijesti/poziv-
kandidatima-za-pruzanje-pravne-pomoci-u-postupku-povratka-za-razdoblje-od-2024-do-2027-godine/292856  

Ombudsman | Pučka pravobraniteljica. (2023, April 24). Izvješće 2022, Tražitelji međunarodne zaštite i iregularni 
migranti [Report 2022, International protection seekers and irregular migrants]. 
https://www.ombudsman.hr/hr/trazitelji-medunarodne-zastite-i-iregularni-migranti-4/  

Ombudsperon for Children | Pravobranitelj za djecu. (March 2024). Izvješće o radu pravobraniteljice za djecu za 
2023 godinu [2023 Ombudsperson for Children Activity Report]. 
https://dijete.hr/docs/Izvjes%CC%8Cc%CC%81e%20o%20radu%20pravobraniteljice%20za%20djecu%20za%20202
3%20godinu.pdf  

Ombudswoman of Croatia | Pučke Pravobraniteljice. (2024). Izvjeće pučke pravobraniteljice za 2023 [2023 
Ombudsperson's Report]. 
https://www.ombudsman.hr/hr/download/izvjesce_pucke_pravobraniteljice_za_2023_godinu/?wpdmdl=18399&ref
resh=6606ba1ca73541711716892  

Ombudswoman of Croatia | Pučke Pravobraniteljice. (2024, May 15). Reports. 
https://www.ombudsman.hr/en/reports/  

Cyprus 

Ministry of the Interior | Υπουργείο Εσωτερικών. (2023). Instrumentalisation of Migration and Action Plan on 
Eastern Mediterranean. https://www.pio.gov.cy/assets/images/VARIOUS/2023/05/20230519%20MIGRATION%20-
%20Action%20Plan%20on%20EastMed.pdf  

Ministry of the Interior | Υπουργείο Εσωτερικών. (2023, May 16). Nομοσχέδιο με τίτλο Nόμος που ρυθμίζει την 
‘Iδρυση του Yφυπουργείου Mετανάστευσης και Aσύλου και συναφη θεματα [Draft bill proposal on Deputy 
Ministry of Migration and Asylum]. 
https://www.moi.gov.cy/moi/moiup/moi.nsf/All/1ADE3E5EF7D62C88C22589B1002EAB55?OpenDocument  

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EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

Ministry of the Interior | Υπουργείο Εσωτερικών. (2023, June 6). Υπουργός Εσωτερικών παράθεσε Συνέντευξη 
Τύπου για το μεταναστευτικό [Minister of Interior held Press Conference on migration]. 
https://www.moi.gov.cy/moi/moiup/moi.nsf/All/AE327B56489CA835C22589C800170840?OpenDocument  

Ministry of the Interior | Υπουργείο Εσωτερικών. (2023, July 6). Ο Υπουργός Εσωτερικών συναντήθηκε με την 
Εκτελεστική Διευθύντρια του EUAA και Αν. ΓΔ Εσωτερικών Υποθέσεων της ΕΕ και επισκέφθηκε το Κέντρο 
Φιλοξενίας στην Κοφίνου [The Minister of Home Affairs met with EUAA Executive Director and Ann. DG Home 
Affairs of the EU and visited the Accommodation Centre in Kofinou]. 
https://www.moi.gov.cy/moi/moiup/moi.nsf/All/2311D7B36CBE0925C22589E50017A6DC?OpenDocument  

Ministry of the Interior | Υπουργείο Εσωτερικών. (2023, July 11). Ο Υπουργός Εσωτερικών επισκέφθηκε το Κέντρο 
Πρώτης Υποδοχής «Πουρνάρα» [The Minister of Interior visited the First Reception Centre "Pournara"]. 
https://www.moi.gov.cy/moi/moiup/moi.nsf/All/13289CF54B1CCC60C22589E9003CBF9C?OpenDocument  

Ministry of the Interior | Υπουργείο Εσωτερικών. (2023, August 8). Υπογράφηκε το συμβόλαιο για την Ανέγερση 
Κέντρου Φιλοξενίας ‘ΛΙΜΝΕΣ’ για Αιτητές Διεθνούς Προστασίας και Προαναχωρησιακού Κέντρου για πρόσωπα 
που θα επαναπατριστούν [The contract for the construction of a Accommodation Center "LIMNES" for Applicants 
of International Protection and a Pre-removal Center for persons to be repatriated was signed]. 
https://www.moi.gov.cy/moi/moiup/moi.nsf/All/95AF26D4F08DC8F5C2258A06001F41B2?OpenDocument  

Ministry of the Interior | Υπουργείο Εσωτερικών. (2023, August 8). Χαιρετισμός του Υπουργού Εσωτερικών κ. 
Κωνσταντίνου Ιωάννου στην τελετή υπογραφής του συμβολαίου για την «Ανέγερση Κέντρου Φιλοξενίας 
‘ΛΙΜΝΕΣ’ για Αιτητές Διεθνούς Προστασίας και Προαναχωρησιακού Κέντρου για πρόσωπα που θα 
επαναπατριστούν [Address by the Minister of Interior, Mr. Konstantinos Ioannou, at the signing ceremony of the 
contract for the "Construction of the Accommodation Center 'LIMNES' for Applicants for International Protection 
and a Pre-removal Center for persons to be repatriated]. 
https://www.moi.gov.cy/moi/moiup/moi.nsf/All/2D04170206AED879C2258A0500303276?OpenDocument  

Ministry of the Interior | Υπουργείο Εσωτερικών. (2023, November 10). Συνεργασία όλων των εμπλεκομένων 
φορέων για την αντιμετώπιση φαινομένων παρακώλυσης των διαδικασιών εξέτασης αιτήσεων ασύλου 
[Cooperation of all actors involved in dealing with obstruction of procedures for examining asylum applications] 
[Press release]. 
https://www.moi.gov.cy/moi/moiup/moi.nsf/All/3D49AFABF6DE7216C2258A6300410483?OpenDocument  

Ministry of the Interior | Υπουργείο Εσωτερικών. (2024, May 15). Let's Talk Truth About Cyprus. 
https://talktruthaboutcyprus.com/  

Ministry of the Interior | Министерство на вътрешните работи. (2023, February 22). Το Υπουργικό Συμβούλιο 
ενέκρινε το νέο νομοσχέδιο για την αναδοχή παιδιών [The Cabinet of Ministers approved the new law for the 
adoption of children] [Press release]. 
https://www.pio.gov.cy/%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%B8%CE%AD%
CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1-%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B8%CF%81%CE%BF.html?id=33064#flat  

Supreme Court | Ανώτατο Δικαστήριο. (2023, January 18). Notice of the Supreme Court Reform Department 
[Ανακοινωση τμημα μεταρρυθμισησ ανωτατο δικαστηριο]. 
http://www.supremecourt.gov.cy/judicial/sc.nsf/All/95162076C0C459F3C225893C002C641E?OpenDocument  

Czechia 

Ministry of the Interior | Ministerstva vnitra. (2023, February 20). Ministerstvo vnitra vytvořilo nový informační 
systém mezinárodní ochrany IS AZYL III [The Ministry of the Interior created a new information system for 
international protection IS AZYL III]. https://www.mvcr.cz/clanek/ministerstvo-vnitra-vytvorilo-novy-informacni-
system-mezinarodni-ochrany-is-azyl-iii.aspx  

Ministry of the Interior | Ministerstva vnitra. (2024, March 20). Česko znovu prodloužilo namátkové kontroly na 
státní hranici se Slovenskem [The Czech Republic has once again extended random checks at the state border 
with Slovakia]. https://www.mvcr.cz/clanek/cesko-znovu-prodlouzilo-namatkove-kontroly-na-statni-hranici-se-
slovenskem.aspx  

32 

 
 
SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

Denmark 

Danish Immigration Service | Udlændingestyrelsen. (2023, January 19). Russia is no longer on the list of safe 
countries. https://www.nyidanmark.dk/en-GB/News-Front-Page/2023/01/Russia-is-no-longer-on-the-%C3%85GH-
country-list  

Danish Immigration Service | Udlændingestyrelsen. (February 2023). Lebanon: Access to Health Care Services for 
Palestinian Refugees. https://us.dk/media/10574/lebanon_medcoi_06022023.pdf  

Minister of Immigration and Integration | Udlændinge- og Integrationsministerie. (2023, June 27). Regeringen vil 
forlænge særloven for evakuerede afghanere [The government will extend the special law for evacuated 
Afghans]. https://www.uim.dk/nyhedsarkiv/2023/juni/regeringen-vil-forlaenge-saerloven-for-evakuerede-
afghanere/  

Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Integration | Udlændinge- og integrationsministeriet. (2023, September 22). Ny 
aftale skal få flere udlændinge i arbejde [New agreement to get more foreigners into work]. 
https://uim.dk/nyhedsarkiv/2023/september/ny-aftale-skal-faa-flere-udlaendinge-i-arbejde/  

Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Integration | Udlændinge- og integrationsministeriet. (2023, October 13). Ny aftale 
indfører arbejdspligt [New agreement introduces compulsory work]. https://uim.dk/nyhedsarkiv/2023/oktober/ny-
aftale-indfoerer-arbejdspligt/  

New in Denmark | Ny i Danmark. (2023, November 1). Asylum applications from stateless Palestinians from Gaza 
put on hold. https://www.nyidanmark.dk/en-GB/News-Front-Page/2023/11/Asylum-applications-from-stateless-
Palestinians-from-Gaza-put-on-hold  

Refugee Appeals Board | Flygtningenævnet. (2023, October 30). Referat af møde i koordinationsudvalget den 12. 
oktober 2023 [Minutes of the Coordination Committee meeting of 12 October 2023]. https://fln.dk/-
/media/FLN/Koordinationsudvalg/Referat-af-moede-i-koordinationsudvalget-den-12-oktober-2023.pdf  

Finland 

Finnish Immigration Service | Maahanmuuttovirasto. (2023, April 19). Hakemusten käsittelyaika-arvioita on 
päivitetty[Updates in estimated processing times]. https://migri.fi/en/-/updates-in-estimated-processing-times-3  

Finnish Immigration Service | Maahanmuuttovirasto. (2023, May 26). Maahanmuuttovirasto kilpailutti jälleen 
vastaanottokeskustoimintaa – avaa 17 uutta keskusta [Second set of reception centre operations put out to 
tender, 17 new reception centres to open]. https://migri.fi/-/maahanmuuttovirasto-kilpailutti-jalleen-
vastaanottokeskustoimintaa-avaa-17-uutta-keskusta?languageId=en_US  

Finnish Immigration Service | Maahanmuuttovirasto. (2023, June 12). Vastaanoton kuntamalli päättyy vuoden 2023 
lopussa [The municipal model for accommodation to end at the end of 2023] [Press release]. https://migri.fi/-
/vastaanoton-kuntamalli-paattyy-vuoden-2023-lopussa?languageId=en_US  

Finnish Immigration Service | Maahanmuuttovirasto. (2023, July 6). Maahanmuuttovirasto irtisanoo kahdeksan 
vastaanottokeskusta [Finnish Immigration Service terminates its contracts with eight reception centres]. 
https://migri.fi/-/maahanmuuttovirasto-irtisanoo-kahdeksan-vastaanottokeskusta-?languageId=en_US  

Finnish Immigration Service | Maahanmuuttovirasto. (2023, July 12). Selvitys: Maahanmuuttoviraston 
lainsoveltamisohjeet lainmukaisia, kehitettävää löytyy [Report: Finnish Immigration Service’s application 
guidelines comply with the law but can be improved further]. https://migri.fi/-/selvitys-maahanmuuttoviraston-
lainsoveltamisohjeet-lainmukaisia-kehitettavaa-loytyy?languageId=en_US  

Finnish Immigration Service | Maahanmuuttovirasto. (2023, October 30). Maahanmuuttovirasto kilpailutti 
terveydenhuoltopalveluita ja alaikäisten vastaanottoyksiköt [Finnish Immigration Service put out to tender 
healthcare services and reception units for minors]. https://migri.fi/-/maahanmuuttovirasto-kilpailutti-
terveydenhuoltopalveluita-ja-alaikaisten-vastaanottoyksikot?languageId=en_US  

Finnish Immigration Service | Maahanmuuttovirasto. (2023, November 9). Maahanmuuttovirasto uudistuu 
saavuttaakseen hallitusohjelmassa asetetut tavoitteet – käynnistää yt-neuvottelut | Maahanmuuttovirasto [Finnish 
Immigration Service carries out reforms to achieve Government Program goals – launches cooperation 
negotiations]. https://migri.fi/-/maahanmuuttovirasto-uudistuu-saavuttaakseen-hallitusohjelmassa-asetetut-
tavoitteet-kaynnistaa-yt-neuvottelut?languageId=en_US  

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EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

Finnish Immigration Service | Maahanmuuttovirasto. (2023, November 25). Oulun vastaanottoyksikön toiminta 
muuttuu – ukrainalaisille uusia asuntoja seudulta [Oulu reception centre operations change – Ukrainian refugees 
to be relocated within the region]. https://migri.fi/-/oulun-vastaanottoyksikon-toiminta-muuttuu-ukrainalaisille-uusia-
asuntoja-seudulta?languageId=en_US  

Finnish Immigration Service | Maahanmuuttovirasto. (2024, April 2). Perhesidehakemusten käsittelyssä ruuhkaa 
[Backlogs in the processing of residence permit applications based on family ties] [Press release]. https://migri.fi/-
/perhesidehakemusten-kasittelyssa-ruuhkaa-1?languageId=en_US  

Finnish Immigration Service | Maahanmuuttovirasto Migrationsverket. (2023, February 15). Refugee status to 
Afghan women and girls | Maahanmuuttovirasto. https://migri.fi/en/-/refugee-status-to-afghan-women-and-
girls?ref=newsroom  

Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare. Refugees and mental health. https://thl.fi/en/topics/migration-and-cultural-
diversity/immigrants-health-and-wellbeing/mental-health-of-migrants/refugees-and-mental-health 

Finnish Ministry of Interior | Sisäministeriö. (2023, October 2). Sisäministeriössä valmistellaan muutoksia 
ulkomaalaislain säilöönottoa ja maahantulokieltoa koskeviin säännöksiin[Ministry of the Interior to prepare 
amendments to provisions on detention and entry bans in the Aliens Act]. https://intermin.fi/-/sisaministeriossa-
valmistellaan-muutoksia-ulkomaalaislain-sailoonottoa-ja-maahantulokieltoa-koskeviin-
saannoksiin?languageId=en_US  

Ministry of the Interior | Sisäministeriö. (2023, May 23). Koulutus ja tietoisuuden lisääminen edistävät ihmiskaupan 
ilmituloa ja tunnistamista [Education and increased awareness needed to detect and identify human trafficking] 
[Press release]. https://intermin.fi/-/koulutus-ja-tietoisuuden-lisaaminen-edistavat-ihmiskaupan-ilmituloa-ja-
tunnistamista?languageId=en_US  

Ministry of the Interior | Sisäministeriö. (2023, July 28). Sisäministeriö jatkaa rajamenettelyn käyttöönoton 
valmistelua [Ministry of the Interior to continue preparations to introduce border procedure]. https://intermin.fi/-
/sisaministerio-jatkaa-rajamenettelyn-kayttoonoton-valmistelua?languageId=en_US  

Ministry of the Interior | Sisäministeriö. (2023, September 26). Sisäministeriö valmistelee vastaanottorahan 
pienentämistä [Ministry of the Interior prepares to reduce reception allowance]. https://intermin.fi/-/sisaministerio-
tarkastelee-vastaanottorahaa?languageId=en_US  

Ministry of the Interior | Sisäministeriö. (2023, October 23). Ministry of the Interior prepares to tighten the rules on 
international protection. https://intermin.fi/-/sisaministeriossa-valmistellaan-tiukennuksia-kansainvaliseen-
suojeluun?languageId=en_US  

Ministry of the Interior | Sisäministeriö. (2023, November 24). Järjestelykeskuksilla parannetaan turvallisuutta 
[Government decides to establish registration centres to improve security] [Press release]. 
https://valtioneuvosto.fi/en/-/1410869/government-decides-to-establish-registration-centres-to-improve-security  

Ministry of the Interior | Sisäministeriö. (2023, December 20). New year brings changes to the Ministry of the 
Interior’s administrative branch. https://intermin.fi/en/-/new-year-brings-changes-to-the-ministry-of-the-interior-s-
administrative-branch-1  

Ministry of the Interior | Sisäministeriö. (2024, January 22). Rajavartiolaitos suunnittelee teknologian 
hyödyntämisen lisäämistä rajaturvallisuuden ylläpitämisen tukena - Sisäministeriö [The border Guard is planning 
to increase the use of technology in support of maintaining border security]. https://intermin.fi/-/rajavartiolaitos-
suunnittelee-teknologian-hyodyntamisen-lisaamista-rajaturvallisuuden-yllapitamisen-tukena  

Non-discrimination Ombudsman | Yhdenvertaisuusvaltuutettu. (2023, April 25). The rights of the child must be 
realised in full in matters involving foreign nationals – the Ombudsman's recommendations for improving the 
status of foreign nationals for the government programme. https://yhdenvertaisuusvaltuutettu.fi/en/-/the-rights-of-
the-child-must-be-realised-in-full-in-matters-involving-foreign-nationals-the-ombudsman-s-recommendations-for-
improving-the-status-of-foreign-nationals-for-the-government-programme  

Ombudsman | Valtuutettu. (2024, April 3). Status of human trafficking victims must be improved in the coming 
government term – Non-Discrimination Ombudsman's recommendations for the government programme. 
https://yhdenvertaisuusvaltuutettu.fi/en/-/status-of-human-trafficking-victims-must-be-improved-in-the-coming-
government-term-non-discrimination-ombudsman-s-recommendations-for-the-government-programme  

34 

SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

France 

Federal agency for the reception of asylum seekers | L’Agence fédérale pour l’accueil des demandeurs d’asile | 
Federaal agentschap voor de opvang van asielzoekers. (2023, October 6). 10 ans de réinstallation en Belgique [10 
years of resettlement in Belgium] [Press release]. https://www.fedasil.be/fr/actualites/reinstallation/10-ans-de-
reinstallation-en-belgique  

French National Assembly | Assemblée nationale. (2024, March 26). Rapport n°1745 - Annexe 28. 
https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/dyn/16/rapports/cion_fin/l16b1745-tiii-a28_rapport-fond#_Toc256000015  

French Office for the Protection of Refugees and Stateless Persons | Office français de protection des réfugiés et 
apatrides. (2023, April 11). Une nouvelle rubrique dédiée aux avocats [A new section dedicated to lawyers]. 
https://www.ofpra.gouv.fr/actualites/une-nouvelle-rubrique-dediee-aux-avocats  

French Office for the Protection of Refugees and Stateless Persons | Office français de protection des réfugiés et 
apatrides. (2024, May 15). Les outils pour accompagner les demandeurs d'asile et personnes protégées [Tools to 
support asylum seekers and protected persons]. https://www.ofpra.gouv.fr/en/folder/associations/tools-support-
asylum-seekers-and-protected-persons  

Interministerial Delegation for Accommodation and Access to Housing | Délégation interministérielle à 
l’hébergement et à l’accès au logement. (2024, March 15). La Dihal lance un nouvel appel à projets Cohabitations 
Solidaires en partenariat avec la Délégation interministérielle à l'accueil et à l'intégration des réfugiés [Dihal is 
launching a new call for Solidarity Cohabitation projects in partnership with the Interministerial Delegation for the 
reception and integration of refugees]. https://www.info.gouv.fr/actualite/la-dihal-lance-un-nouvel-appel-a-projets-
cohabitations-solidaires-en-partenariat-avec-la-delegation-interministerielle-a-laccueil-et-a-lintegration-des-refugies  

Ministry of Economy, Finance and Industrial and Digital Sovereignty | Ministère de l’Économie, des Finances et de 
la Souveraineté industrielle et numérique. (2023, October 3). Budget général 2024 - Immigration, asile et 
intégration [General budget 2024 - Immigration, asylum and integration]. 
https://www.budget.gouv.fr/documentation/documents-budgetaires/exercice-2024/le-projet-de-loi-de-finances-et-
les-documents-annexes-pour-2024/budget-general-2024/immigration-asile-et-integration  

Ministry of the Interior and Overseas | Ministère de l'Intérieur, & Ministry of the Interior and Overseas | Ministère de 
l'Intérieur et des outre-mer. (2023, December 26). Appel à projets visant à soutenir des solutions innovantes et 
expérimentales portées par des acteurs de la société civile en matière de cohabitation solidaire bénéficiant aux 
bénéficiaires de la protection internationale [Call for projects aimed at supporting innovative and experimental 
solutions carried out by civil society actors in the field of solidarity cohabitation benefiting beneficiaries of 
international protection]. https://www.immigration.interieur.gouv.fr/Asile/Les-appels-a-projets/Appel-a-projets-
Cohabitation-solidaires  

Ministry of the Interior and Overseas | Ministère de l'Intérieur et des outre-mer. (2023, February 8). Priorités pour 
2023 de la politique d'intégration des étrangers primo-arrivants, dont les personnes réfugiées [Priorities for 2023 
of the integration policy for newcomer foreigners, including refugees]. 
https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/download/pdf/circ?id=45409  

Ministry of the Interior and Overseas | Ministère de l'Intérieur et des outre-mer. (2024). Presentation: Loi du 26 
janvier 2024 pour contrôler l'immigration, améliorer l'intégration, measures immédiates amd orientations pour 
notre politique migratoire [ Presentation: Law to control immigration, improve integration, urgent measures and 
guidance for our migration policy]. https://www.interieur.gouv.fr/sites/minint/files/medias/documents/2024-
01/Presentation_loi_immigration.pdf  

State Services in the Doubs | - Les services de l'État dans le Doubs. (2023, February 17). Avis d’appel à projets 
pour la création du SAS régional de Bourgogne Franche-Comté d’une capacité de 50 places en 2023 | Notice of 
call for projects for the creation of the Bourgogne Franche-Comté regional SAS with a capacity of 50 places in 
2023. 
https://www.doubs.gouv.fr/contenu/telechargement/38589/262893/file/avis%20et%20CC%20AAP%2050%20plac
es%20sas%20r%C3%A9gional%20BFC%202023.pdf  

35 

 
 
 
EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

Germany 

Federal Government | Bundesregierung. (2023, May 10). Beschluss Gemeinsame Flüchtlingspolitik von Bund und 
Ländern: Unterstützung der Kommunen, gesteuerter Zugang, beschleunigte Verfahren, verbesserte Rückführung 
[Resolution of the Federal Government and federal states on a common policy on refugees: Support of 
municipalities, accelerating procedures and improving returns]. 
https://www.bundesregierung.de/resource/blob/974430/2189202/6b0fb8745bb6d8430328a426c04626c1/2023-
05-10-mpk-beschluss-data.pdf?download=1  

Federal Ministry for the Interior and Community | Bundesministerium des Innern und für Heimat. (31 Janaury 2023). 
Asylverfahrensberatung bietet Rechtsberatung für queere Schutzsuchende, Folteropfer und andere besonders 
vulnerable Gruppen. https://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/pressemitteilungen/DE/2023/01/foerderaufruf-avb.htm  

Federal Ministry for the Interior and Community | Bundesministerium des Innern und für Heimat. (2023, August 27). 
Rückgang bei Asylanträgen im Juli um mehr als 50 Prozent [Asylum applications fell by more than 50 percent in 
July]. https://www.bmi.gv.at/news.aspx?id=45357353703237577132383D  

Federal Ministry for the Interior and Community | Bundesministerium des Innern und für Heimat. (2023, November 
2). Border checks at Germany’s land borders with Poland, the Czech Republic and Switzerland [Press release]. 
https://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/pressemitteilungen/EN/2023/10/notifizierung-bgk.html 

Federal Ministry for the Interior and Community | Bundesministerium des Innern und für Heimat. (2024, January 10). 
Federal admission programme for Afghanistan. 
https://www.bundesaufnahmeprogrammafghanistan.de/bundesaufnahme-en  

Federal Ministry for the Interior and Community | Bundesministerium des Innern und für Heimat, & Federal Ministry 
for the Interior and Community | Bundesministerium des Innern und für Heimat. (2023, December 15). 
Migrationsabkommen mit Georgien unterzeichnet [Migration agreement signed with Georgia]. 
https://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/kurzmeldungen/DE/2023/12/georgien.html  

Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection | Bundesministerium der Justiz. (2022, December 29). Neues 
Vormundschafts- und Betreuungsrecht zum 1. Januar 2023: mehr Selbstbestimmung und bessere Qualität in der 
rechtlichen Betreuung [New guardianship and care law as of January 1, 2023: more self-determination and better 
quality in legal care] [Press release]. 
https://www.bmj.de/SharedDocs/Pressemitteilungen/DE/2022/1229_Neues_Vormundschafts_und_Betreuungsrec
ht.html  

Federal Ministry of the Interior | Bundesministerium für Inneres (2023, November 2). NesT wird reguläres 
Aufnahmeprogramm für Flüchtlinge [Pilot program NesT becomes a regular admission program for refugees]. 
Bundesministerium Des Innern Und Für Heimat. 
https://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/pressemitteilungen/DE/2022/07/intb-nestprogramm.html  

Federal Ministry of the Interior and Community | Bundesministerium des Innern und für Heimat (2023, August 30). 
Begrenzung irregulärer Migration: Georgien und Moldau sollen als sichere Herkunftsstaaten bestimmt werden 
[Limiting irregular migration: Georgia and Moldova should be designated as safe countries of origin]. 
Bundesministerium Des Innern Und Für Heimat. 
https://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/pressemitteilungen/DE/2023/08/sichere-herkunftsstaaten.html  

Federal Ministry of the Interior and Community | Bundesministerium des Innern und für Heimat. (2023, August 30). 
Entwurf eines Gesetzes zur Bestimmung Georgiens und der Republik Moldau als sichere Herkunftsstaaten [Draft 
law designating Georgia and the Republic of Moldova as safe countries of origin] [Press release]. 
https://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/gesetzgebungsverfahren/DE/entwurf-sichere-herkunftsstaaten-georgien-
moldau.html;jsessionid=B4A740AEF029CA83116BE904493A67CC.live891  

Federal Office for Immigration and Asylum | Bundesamt für Fremdenwesen und Asyl. (2023, December 4). Gegen 
Gewalt an Frauen: ÖIF, BVwG und BFA informieren Zuwanderinnen über Unterstützungsangebote [Against 
violence against women: ÖIF, BVwG and BFA inform immigrants about support offers]. 
https://www.bfa.gv.at/news.aspx?id=337A67425A5942496759773D  

Federal Office for Migration and Refugees | Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge. (2023). Das 
Aufnahmeprogramm "Neustart im Team", Studie zur Programmumsetzung [The resettlement programme NesT - 
Evaluation]. https://www.bamf.de/SharedDocs/Anlagen/DE/Forschung/Forschungsberichte/fb44-evaluation-
nest.html  

36 

SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

Federal Office for Migration and Refugees | Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge. (2023, March 29). 
Terminologie Asyl [Asylum terminology]. 
https://www.bamf.de/SharedDocs/Anlagen/DE/AsylFluechtlingsschutz/Sprachmittlung/terminologieliste-asyl-
englisch-ohne-pdf.html  

Federal Office for Migration and Refugees | Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge. (2023, April 1). Standards für 
das Dolmetschen im Asylverfahren [Standards for Interpreting in the Asylum Procedure]. 
https://www.bamf.de/SharedDocs/Anlagen/DE/Karriere/standards-dolmetschen-asylverfahren.pdf  

Federal Office for Migration and Refugees | Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge. (2023, July 17). Hinweise für 
einen erfolgreichen Dolmetscheinsatz [Hints for a successful interpreting assignment]. 
https://www.bamf.de/SharedDocs/Anlagen/DE/Karriere/broschuere-dolmetscheinsatz.pdf  

Free Hanseatic City of Bremen| Freie Hansestadt Bremen. (2023). Regelung des Landes Bremen zur Aufnahme 
von afghanischen Flüchtlingen [Regulation of the state of Bremen for the admission of Afghan refugees]. 
https://www.service.bremen.de/dienstleistungen/regelung-des-landes-bremen-zur-aufnahme-von-afghanischen-
fluechtlingen-184804 

Free State of Thuringia | Freistaat Thuringen. (2022). Merkblatt zur Aufnahme afghanischer Flüchtlinge durch ihre 
in Thüringen lebenden Verwandten [Information sheet on the admission of Afghan refugees by their relatives 
living in Thuringia]. 

German Association of Cities and Municipalities | Deutscher Städte- und Gemeindebund. (2024, January 3). 
Pressemitteilung: Migration ordnen, steuern und begrenzen [Organizing, controlling and limiting migration]. 
https://www.dstgb.de/publikationen/pressemitteilungen/migration-ordnen-steuern-und-begrenzen/  

German Association of Towns and Municipalities | Deutscher Städte- und Gemeindebund. (2023, November 6). 
Erwartungen an die MPK: Neustart in der Migrationspolitik – Begrenzen, steuern, ordnen und langfristig finanzieren 
[Expectations of the MPK A new start in migration policy – limiting, controlling, regulating and financing in the long 
term]. https://www.dstgb.de/themen/asyl-und-fluechtlinge/zuwanderung/neustart-in-der-migrationspolitik-
begrenzen-steuern-ordnen-und-langfristig-finanzieren/  

German Federal Parliament | Deutscher Bundestag. (2024, January 18). Bundestag stimmt Gesetz zur 
Verbesserung von Rückführungen zu [Bundestag approves law to improve repatriation]. 
https://www.bundestag.de/dokumente/textarchiv/2024/kw03-de-rueckfuehrung-986284  

Hessen Federal State | Lander Hessen. (2023). Afghaninnen in Hessen können ab morgen einen Antrag stellen 
[Afghans in Hesse can submit an application starting tomorrow]. https://soziales.hessen.de/presse/afghaninnen-in-
hessen-koennen-ab-morgen-einen-antrag-stellen  

Hessen Federal State Government | Hessische Landesregierung. (2023, November 6). Besprechung des 
Bundeskanzlers mit den Regierungschefinnen und Regierungschefs der Länder am 6. November 2023 [Meeting of 
the Federal Chancellor with the Heads of Government of the Federal States on 6 November 2023]. 
https://hessen.de/sites/hessen.hessen.de/files/2023-11/mpk_bundeskanzler_6.11._top_6_fluechtlingspolitik.pdf  

Ministry of the Interior and Administration | Ministerstwo Spraw Wewnętrznych i Administracji. (2024, March 6). 
BMP.0790.1.2.2024. https://bip.brpo.gov.pl/sites/default/files/2024-
03/Odpowied%C5%BA_MSWiA_migranci_pushbacki_osrodki_strzezone_06_03_2024.pdf  

State of Berlin | Landes Berlin. (2023, June 30). Admission regulation of the Land of Berlin for Afghan, Syrian and 
Iraqi refugees with relatives in Berlin - Berlin.de. 
https://www.berlin.de/einwanderung/en/entry/refugees/artikel.1049439.en.php  

Greece 

Greek National Commission for Human Rights | Εθνική Επιτροπή για τα Δικαιώματα του Ανθρώπου. (January 
2023). Recording mechanism of incidents of informal forced returns. Interim report. 
https://www.nchr.gr/images/pdf/nea_epikairothta/deltia_tupou/2023/Interim_Report_echanism_en.pdf  

Greek National Commission for Human Rights | Εθνική Επιτροπή για τα Δικαιώματα του Ανθρώπου. (March 2023). 
Observations by the GNCHR on State’s draft reply to the list of issues prior to the submission of the third periodic 
report of Greece on the implementation of the ICCPR. 
https://www.nchr.gr/images/pdf/apofaseis/ellinikes_ektheseis_en_ell_org/OHE/GNCHR_CCPR_REPLY_TO_MINIS
TRY_OF_FOREIGN_AFFAIRS_fin.pdf  

37 

 
EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

Greek National Commission for Human Rights | Εθνική Επιτροπή για τα Δικαιώματα του Ανθρώπου. (December 
2023). Recording mechanism of incidents of informal forced returns, Annual Report 2022. 
https://nchr.gr/images/pdf/RecMechanism/Annual_Report_2022_compressed_1.pdf  

Ministry of Migration and Asylum | Υπουργείο Μετανάστευσης και Ασύλου. (2023). Θεμελιώδη Δικαιώματα 
Μηχανισμός Καταγγελιών [Fundamental rights complaints mechanism]. https://migration.gov.gr/en/fro-complaints/  

Ministry of Migration and Asylum | Υπουργείο Μετανάστευσης και Ασύλου. (2023, April 1). Ολοκληρώθηκε το 
πρόγραμμα φιλοξενίας αιτούντων άσυλο σε αστικά διαμερίσματα «ΕΣΤΙΑ» [The accommodation program for 
asylum seekers in urban apartments "ESTIA" has been completed] [Press release]. 
https://migration.gov.gr/en/oloklirothike-to-programma-filoxenias-aitoynton-asylo-se-astika-diamerismata-estia/  

Ministry of Migration and Asylum | Υπουργείο Μετανάστευσης και Ασύλου. (2023, August 18). General Secretariat 
for Vulnerable Persons and Institutional Protection of the Ministry of Migration and Asylum launches new Toolkit 
on Best Interests Procedures [Press release]. https://migration.gov.gr/en/ekkinisi-pilotikis-efarmogis-tis-neas-
ergaleiothikis-diadikasion-veltistoy-symferontos-poy-dimioyrgithike-apo-ti-geniki-grammateia-eyaloton-politon-kai-
thesmikis-prostasias-toy-ypoyrgeioy-metanasteysi/  

Ministry of Migration and Asylum | Υπουργείο Μετανάστευσης και Ασύλου. (2023, October 20). Information Guide 
for Beneficiaries of International Protection. https://migration.gov.gr/en/odigos-pliroforisis-dikaioychon-diethnoys-
prostasias/  

Ministry of Migration and Asylum | Υπουργείο Μετανάστευσης και Ασύλου. (2023, November 24). Δύο ιστορίες 
επιτυχίας του Εθνικού Μηχανισμού Επείγουσας Ανταπόκρισης [Two National Emergency Response Mechanism 
success stories] [Press release]. https://migration.gov.gr/en/dyo-istories-epitychias-toy-ethnikoy-michanismoy-
epeigoysas-antapokrisis/  

Ministry of Migration and Asylum | Υπουργείο Μετανάστευσης και Ασύλου. (2024, May 15). Οδηγός 
Πληροφόρησης Δικαιούχων Διεθνούς Προστασίας [Information Guide for Beneficiaries of International Protection]. 
https://migration.gov.gr/en/odigos-pliroforisis-ddp/  

Ombudsman | Συνήγορος του Πολίτη. (2023, November 9). Δελτίο Τύπου | Ο Συνήγορος του Πολίτη ερευνά το 
ναυάγιο της Πύλου [The Ombudsman is investigating the wreck of Pylos] [Press release]. 
https://www.synigoros.gr/el/category/default/post/deltio-typoy-or-o-synhgoros-toy-polith-ereyna-to-nayagio-ths-
pyloy  

Iceland 

Directorate of Immigration | Útlendingastofnun. (2023, October 20). New service web up in the air. 
https://island.is/en/o/directorate-of-immigration/news/new-service-web-up-in-the-air  

Directorate of Immigration | Útlendingastofnun. (2023, November 24). The right to family reunification. 
https://island.is/en/o/directorate-of-immigration/news/the-right-to-family-reunification  

Ireland 

Government of Ireland | Rialtas na hÉireann. (2023, January 24). Citywest Transit Hub to pause entry of new 
International Protection arrivals to its emergency accommodation area [Press release]. 
https://www.gov.ie/en/press-release/489b6-citywest-transit-hub-to-pause-entry-of-new-international-protection-
arrivals-to-its-emergency-accommodation-area/  

Government of Ireland | Rialtas na hÉireann. (2023, July 21). Minister Joe O’Brien announces 70 projects to be 
funded under the International Protection Integration Fund 2023 [Press release]. https://www.gov.ie/en/press-
release/b549c-minister-joe-obrien-announces-70-projects-to-be-funded-under-the-international-protection-
integration-fund-2023/  

Department of Justice | An Roinn Dlí agus Cirt. (2023, March 6). Dedicated State agency to oversee and support 
dramatic increase in refuge accommodation under new legislation from Minister Harris [Press release]. 
https://www.gov.ie/en/press-release/040e0-dedicated-state-agency-to-oversee-and-support-dramatic-increase-in-
refuge-accommodation-under-new-legislation-from-minister-harris/  

Department of Justice | An Roinn Dlí agus Cirt. (2023, July 12). New Bill to strengthen laws around consent and 
character references in court published [Press release]. https://www.gov.ie/en/press-release/112d1-new-bill-to-
strengthen-laws-around-consent-and-character-references-in-court-published-by-minister-mcentee/  

38 

SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

Department of Justice | An Roinn Dlí agus Cirt. (2023, November 6). Minister for Justice Helen McEntee launches 
Third National Action Plan to prevent and combat human trafficking. https://www.gov.ie/en/press-release/28977-
minister-for-justice-helen-mcentee-launches-third-national-action-plan-to-prevent-and-combat-human-trafficking/  

Department of the Taoiseach | Roinn an Taoisigh. (2023, December 12). Government approves changes to 
measures for those fleeing war in Ukraine. https://www.gov.ie/en/press-release/b5d86-government-approves-
changes-to-measures-for-those-fleeing-war-in-ukraine/  

Government of Ireland | Rialtas na hÉireann. (2023, March 3). Accommodation strategy for people seeking 
protection in Ireland. https://www.gov.ie/en/press-release/23553-accommodation-strategy-for-people-seeking-
protection-in-ireland/  

Government of Ireland | Rialtas na hÉireann. (2023, June 16). New website with latest information on International 
Protection in Ireland launched. https://www.gov.ie/en/news/5888e-new-website-with-latest-information-on-
international-protection-in-ireland-launched/  

Government of Ireland | Rialtas na hÉireann. (2023, July 5). Minister McEntee publishes International Protection 
Modernisation Strategy. https://www.gov.ie/en/press-release/48f49-minister-mcentee-publishes-international-
protection-modernisation-strategy/  

Government of Ireland | Rialtas na hÉireann. (2023, July 12). New Bill to strengthen laws around consent and 
character references in court published. https://www.gov.ie/en/press-release/112d1-new-bill-to-strengthen-laws-
around-consent-and-character-references-in-court-published-by-minister-mcentee/  

Government of Ireland | Rialtas na hÉireann. (2023, July 14). Visa-free travel for people with refugee status further 
suspended. https://www.gov.ie/en/press-release/0b410-visa-free-travel-for-people-with-refugee-status-further-
suspended/  

Government of Ireland | Rialtas na hÉireann. (2023, November 6). Minister for Justice Helen McEntee launches 
Third National Action Plan to prevent and combat human trafficking. https://www.gov.ie/en/press-release/28977-
minister-for-justice-helen-mcentee-launches-third-national-action-plan-to-prevent-and-combat-human-trafficking/  

International Protection Accommodation Services. (2023, January 20). Cyber safety in our accommodation 
centres. https://www.gov.ie/en/publication/8b102-cyber-safety-in-our-accommodation-centres/  

Irish Human Rights and Equality Commission. (2023, January 27). State in Clear Breach of Human Rights 
Obligations to International Protection Applicants. https://www.ihrec.ie/state-in-clear-breach-of-human-rights-
obligations-to-international-protection-applicants/  

Irish Human Rights and Equality Commission. (2023, February 6). Commission Publishes Legal Arguments in High 
Court International Protection Cases. https://www.ihrec.ie/commission-publishes-legal-arguments-in-high-court-
international-protection-cases/  

Irish Human Rights and Equality Commission. (2023, March 20). The High Court Judicial Review in the matter of 
Directive 2013/33/EU and the EU Reception Conditions) Regulations 2018: Submissions of the Amicus Curiae. 
https://www.ihrec.ie/app/uploads/2023/04/Submissions-of-the-Amicus-Curiae-March-2023.pdf  

Ombudsman for Children's Office |. (2023, July 26). Mental Health Commission report: Ombudsman for Children 
calls for urgent action to address widespread CAMHS deficits. https://www.oco.ie/news/mental-health-
commission-report-ombudsman-for-children-calls-for-urgent-action-to-address-widespread-camhs-deficits/  

Italy 

Department of the Civil Protection | Dipartamento della Protezione Civile. (2023, October 5). Delibera del Consiglio 
dei Ministri del 5 ottobre 2023 - Proroga dello stato di emergenza in conseguenza dell’eccezionale incremento dei 
flussi di persone migranti in ingresso sul territorio nazionale attraverso le rotte migratorie del Mediterraneo 
[Resolution of the Council of Ministers of 5 October 2023 - Extension of the state of emergency as a result of the 
exceptional increase in the flows of migrant people entering the national territory via the Mediterranean migratory 
routes]. https://www.protezionecivile.gov.it/it/normativa/delibera-del-cdm-del-5-ottobre-2023-proroga-dello-stato-
di-emergenza-incremento-flussi-migranti/  

39 

 
 
 
EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

Italian Government | Governo d'Italia. (2017, February 2). Memorandum d'intesa sulla cooperazione nel campo 
dello sviluppo, del contrasto all'immigrazione illegale, al traffico di esseri umani, al contrabbando e sul 
rafforzamento della sicurezza delle frontiere tra lo Stato della Libia e la Repubblica Italiana [Memorandum of 
cooperation in the field of development, the fight against illegal immigration, human trafficking, smuggling and on 
the strengthening of border security between the State of Libya and the Italian Republic]. 
https://www.governo.it/sites/governo.it/files/Libia.pdf  

Italian Government | Governo d'Italia. (2023, November 6). Dichiarazioni alla stampa con il Primo Ministro d'Albania, 
l'intervento del Presidente Meloni [Statements to the press with the Prime Minister of Albania, speech by President 
Meloni]. https://www.governo.it/it/articolo/dichiarazioni-alla-stampa-con-il-primo-ministro-dalbania-lintervento-del-
presidente-meloni  

Italian Government, Presidency of the Council of Ministers | Governo Italiano, Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri. 
(27 Septemember 2023). Comunicato stampa del Consiglio dei Ministri n. 52 [Press release from the Council of 
Ministers n. 52]. https://www.governo.it/it/articolo/comunicato-stampa-del-consiglio-dei-ministri-n-52/23739  

Italian Government, Presidency of the Council of Ministers | Governo Italiano, Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri. 
(2023, September 27). Comunicato stampa del Consiglio dei Ministri n. 52 [Press release from the Council of 
Ministers n. 52] [Press release]. https://www.governo.it/it/articolo/comunicato-stampa-del-consiglio-dei-ministri-n-
52/23739  

Italian Ministry of the Interior, Quality Unit of the National Commission for the Right of Asylum | Ministerio 
dell’Interno, Unità Qualità della Commissione Nazionale per il Diritto di Asilo. (December 2023). L’interpretariato 
nella procedura di protezione internazionale in Commissione Territoriale – Precorso introduttivo per interpreti 
[Interpreting in the procedure of international protection in the Territorial Commission – Introduction for 
interpreters]. https://www.interno.gov.it/sites/default/files/2024-
01/vademecum_interpretariato_nella_procedura_di_protezione_internazionale_in_commissione_territoriale.pdf  

Ministry of Interior | Ministero dell‘Interno. (June 2023). Vademecum. Per la rilevazione, il referral e la presa in 
carico delle persone portatrici di vulnerabilità in arrive sul territorio ed inserite nel sustema di protezione e di 
accoglienza [Vademecum for the detection, referral and taking charge of vulnerable people arriving in the area 
and included in the protection and reception system]. https://www.interno.gov.it/sites/default/files/2023-
06/vademecum.pdf  

Ministry of Labor and Social Policies | Ministero del Lavoro e delle Politiche Sociali. (2023, April 12). Sbarchi, 
dichiarato lo stato di emergenza nazionale [Landings, national state of emergency declared]. 
https://integrazionemigranti.gov.it/it-it/Ricerca-news/Dettaglio-news/id/3166/Sbarchi-dichiarato-lo-stato-di-
emergenza-nazionale-  

Ministry of Labor and Social Policies | Ministero del Lavoro e delle Politiche Sociali. (2023, May 24). Corridoi 
lavorativi, arrivati in Italia i primi profughi afghani [Work corridors, the first Afghan refugees have arrived in Italy]. 
https://integrazionemigranti.gov.it/it-it/Ricerca-news/Dettaglio-news/id/3230/Corridoi-lavorativi-arrivati-in-Italia-i-
primi-profughi-afghani-  

Ministry of Labor and Social Policies | Ministero del Lavoro e delle Politiche Sociali. (2023, May 31). Trattenuti a 
Lampedusa e rimpatriati, Italia condannata dalla CEDU [Held in Lampedusa and repatriated, Italy condemned by 
the ECHR]. https://integrazionemigranti.gov.it/it-it/Ricerca-news/Dettaglio-news/id/3152/Trattenuti-a-Lampedusa-e-
rimpatriati-Italia-condannata-dalla-CEDU  

Ministry of Labor and Social Policies | Ministero del Lavoro e delle Politiche Sociali. (2023, November 7). Protocollo 
d’intesa tra Italia e Albania in materia di gestione dei flussi migratori [Memorandum of understanding between 
Italy and Albania on the management of migratory flows]. 

Ministry of Labor and Social Policies | Ministero del Lavoro e delle Politiche Sociali. (2023, December 20). Nuovo 
Meccanismo Nazionale di Referral per le vittime di tratta e grave sfruttamento [New National Referral Mechanism 
for victims of trafficking and serious exploitation]. https://integrazionemigranti.gov.it/it-it/Ricerca-news/Dettaglio-
news/id/3577/Nuovo-Meccanismo-Nazionale-di-Referral-per-le-vittime-di-tratta-e-grave-sfruttamento  

Ministry of Labor and Social Policies | Ministero del Lavoro e delle Politiche Sociali. (2024, January 31). Albania, la 
Corte Costituzionale convalida l'accordo con l'Italia sui migranti [Albania, the Constitutional Court validates the 
agreement with Italy on migrants]. https://integrazionemigranti.gov.it/it-it/Ricerca-news/Dettaglio-
news/id/3629/Albania-la-Corte-Costituzionale-convalida-laccordo-con-lItalia-sui-migranti  

40 

SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

Ministry of Labor and Social Policies | Ministero del Lavoro e delle Politiche Sociali. (2024, February 15). Il 
Parlamento ha ratificato il Protocollo Italia-Albania sui centri per migranti [The Parliament ratified the Italy-Albania 
Protocol on migrant centers]. 

Ministry of the Interior | Ministero dell‘Interno. (2022, April 12). Ministero del Lavoro, Regioni e Comuni insieme per 
l’integrazione [Ministry of Labour, Regions and Municipalities together for integration]. 
https://integrazionemigranti.gov.it/it-it/Ricerca-news/Dettaglio-news/id/2503/Ministero-del-Lavoro-Regioni-e-
Comuni-insieme-per-lintegrazione  

Ministry of the Interior | Ministero dell‘Interno. (2023, June 21). Accoglienza: on line il vademecum per la 
rilevazione, il referral e la presa in carico delle persone portatrici di vulnerabilità [Reception: the handbook for the 
detection, referral and taking charge of vulnerable people is online]. 
https://www.interno.gov.it/it/notizie/accoglienza-line-vademecum-rilevazione-referral-e-presa-carico-persone-
portatrici-vulnerabilita  

Ministry of the Interior | Ministero dell‘Interno. (2023, June 21). Accoglienza: on line il vademecum per la 
rilevazione, il referral e la presa in carico delle persone portatrici di vulnerabilità [Reception: the handbook for the 
identification, referral and follow-up of vulnerable people is online]. 
https://www.interno.gov.it/it/notizie/accoglienza-line-vademecum-rilevazione-referral-e-presa-carico-persone-
portatrici-vulnerabilita  

Ministry of the Interior | Ministero dell‘Interno. (2023, December 21). Stipulata al Viminale una intesa per corridoi 
umanitari dalla Libia [An agreement for humanitarian corridors from Libya has been stipulated at the Interior 
Ministry] [Press release]. https://www.interno.gov.it/it/notizie/stipulata-viminale-intesa-corridoi-umanitari-dalla-libia  

Ministry of the Interior | Ministero dell‘Interno, Conference of the Regions and Autonomous Provinces | Conferenza 
delle Regioni e delle Province Autonome, & National Association of Italian Municipalities | Associazione Nazionale 
Comuni Italiani. (2021, September 10). Partenariato per l’integrazione [Partnership for Integration]. 
https://www.integrazionemigranti.gov.it/AnteprimaPDF.aspx?id=3403  

Ministry of the Interior, Department of Civil Liberties and Immigration | Ministero dell‘Interno, Dipartimento per la 
libertà civili e l'immigrazione. (July 2023). Cruscotto statistico gionaliero [Daily statistical dashboard]. 
http://www.libertaciviliimmigrazione.dlci.interno.gov.it/sites/default/files/allegati/cruscotto_statistico_giornaliero_15-
07-2023.pdf  

Presidency of the Council of Ministers, Department of Equal Opportunities | Presidenza del Consiglio dei ministri, 
Dipartimento per le Pari Opportunitá. (December 2023). National Referral Mechanism for the identification, 
assistance and protection of victims of human trafficking and/or severe exploitation. 
https://www.integrazionemigranti.gov.it/AnteprimaPDF.aspx?id=6044  

Presidency of the Council of Ministers, Department of the Civil Protection | Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri, 
Dipartimento della Protezione Civile. (2023, May 11). Further urgent provisions to deal with, on the territory of the 
regions of Campania, Valle d'Aosta, Piedmont, Liguria, Lombardy, Veneto, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Umbria, Marche, 
Lazio, Abruzzo, Molise, Basilicata, Calabria Sardinia, Sicily and the Autonomous Provinces of Trento and Bolzano, 
the state of emergency as a consequence of the exceptional increase in the flows of migrant people entering the 
national territory via the Mediterranean migratory routes: Ocdpc n. 994 dell'11 maggio 2023. 
https://www.protezionecivile.gov.it/it/normativa/ocdpc-n-994-dell11-maggio-2023/  

Latvia 

Office of Citizenship and Migration Affairs | Pilsonības un migrācijas lietu pārvalde. (2023, July 6). Pārvaldes 
amatpersonas atklāšanas vizītē apmeklē PMIC Liepnas filiāli [Administrative officials visit PMIC Liepna branch 
during opening visit]. https://www.pmlp.gov.lv/lv/jaunums/parvaldes-amatpersonas-atklasanas-vizite-apmekle-pmic-
liepnas-filiali  

Lithuania 

Lithuanian Ombudsperson | Lietuvos Seimo Kontrolierai. (2023, August 31). Seimo kontrolierė reiškia susirūpinimą 
dėl pažeidžiamų užsieniečių situacijos pasienyje [The Ombudsperson expresses concern about the situation of 
vulnerable foreigners at the border]. https://www.lrski.lt/naujienos/seimo-kontroliere-reiskia-susirupinima-del-
pazeidziamu-uzsienieciu-situacijos-pasienyje/  

41 

 
EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

Ministry of the Interior | Lietuvos Respublikos vidaus reikalų ministerija. (2023, May 24). Migrantų priėmimu ir 
apgyvendinimu rūpinsis speciali agentūra [A special agency will take care of the reception and accommodation of 
migrants]. https://vrm.lrv.lt/lt/naujienos/migrantu-priemimu-ir-apgyvendinimu-rupinsis-speciali-agentura/  

Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Lithuania | Lietuvos Respublikos vidaus reikalų ministerija (2023). 2022 
metų kovos su prekyba žmonėmis situacijos lietuvoje apžvalga [Overview of the anti-trafficking situation in 
Lithuania in 2022]. 
https://vrm.lrv.lt/uploads/vrm/documents/files/LT_versija/Viesasis_saugumas/Prekyba_zmonemis/PRANESEJO%20
ATASKAITA_final.pdf  

Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Lithuania | Lietuvos Respublikos vidaus reikalų ministerija. (2023, April 3). 
Naujasis Frontex vadovas įvertino Lietuvos pastangas stiprinant sienos apsaugą [The new head of Frontex 
appreciated Lithuania's efforts in strengthening border protection]. https://vrm.lrv.lt/lt/naujienos/naujasis-frontex-
vadovas-ivertino-lietuvos-pastangas-stiprinant-sienos-apsauga/ 

Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Lithuania | Lietuvos Respublikos vidaus reikalų ministerija. (2023, July 5). 
Pritarta kovos su prekyba žmonėmis Lietuvoje ataskaitai [The report on combating human trafficking in Lithuania 
was approved]. https://vrm.lrv.lt/lt/naujienos/pritarta-kovos-su-prekyba-zmonemis-lietuvoje-ataskaitai/  

Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Lithuania | Lietuvos Respublikos vidaus reikalų ministerija. (2023, August 
30). Vyriausybė pritarė patikslintoms įstatymo nuostatoms dėl migrantų sulaikymo ir apgyvendinimo [Government 
approves revised law on detention and accommodation of migrants]. https://vrm.lrv.lt/lt/naujienos/vyriausybe-
pritare-patikslintoms-istatymo-nuostatoms-del-migrantu-sulaikymo-ir-apgyvendinimo/  

Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Lithuania | Lietuvos Respublikos vidaus reikalų ministerija. (2023, August 
30). Vyriausybė pritarė patikslintoms įstatymo nuostatoms dėl migrantų sulaikymo ir apgyvendinimo [The 
government approved the revised provisions of the law on the detention and accommodation of migrants]. 
https://vrm.lrv.lt/lt/naujienos/vyriausybe-pritare-patikslintoms-istatymo-nuostatoms-del-migrantu-sulaikymo-ir-
apgyvendinimo/  

Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Lithuania | Lietuvos Respublikos vidaus reikalų ministerija. (2023, 
September 27). Lietuvos ir Latvijos vidaus reikalų ministrai aptarė antrinės migracijos situaciją [The ministers of 
interior affairs of Lithuania and Latvia discussed the situation of secondary migration]. 
https://vrm.lrv.lt/lt/naujienos/lietuvos-ir-latvijos-vidaus-reikalu-ministrai-aptare-antrines-migracijos-situacija/  

Office of the Ombudsperson for Child's rights | Lietuvos Respublikos vaiko teisių apsaugos kontrolierė. (2023, 
August 8). Lietuvos respublikos vaiko teisių apsaugos kontrolierius p a ž y m a dėl tyrimo vaiko teisių apsaugos 
kontrolieriaus iniciatyva dėl nelydimų nepilnamečių užsieniečių, vykstančių per lietuvą iš kitos europos sąjungos 
valstybės, teisių ir teisėtų interesų užtikrinimo [Certificate of the Child Rights Protection Controller of the Republic 
of Lithuania regarding the investigation at the initiative of the Child Rights Protection Controller regarding 
ensuring the rights and legitimate interests of unaccompanied minor foreigners traveling through Lithuania from 
another European Union country]: nr. (6.7-2023-34) pr-119. Lietuvos respublikos | Republic of Lithuania. 
http://vtaki.lt/uploads/documents/files/Nelydimi%20nepilname%c4%8diai%202023%20perdavimas%20kt%20ES%2
0valstybei.pdf  

Office of the Seimas Ombudsmen | Lietuvos Seimo Kontrolieriai. (2023, March 13). Pažyma dėl X skundo prieš 
migracijos departamentą prie lietuvos respublikos vidaus reikalų ministerijos [Certificate on the complaint of X 
against the migration department under the ministry of the interior of the republic of Lithuania]. 
https://www.lrski.lt/documents/pazyma-del-x-skundo-pries-migracijos-departamenta-prie-lietuvos-respublikos-
vidaus-reikalu-ministerijos-9/  

Office of the Seimas Ombudsmen | Lietuvos Seimo Kontrolieriai. (2023, October 5). Pažyma dėl X ir Y skundo prieš 
Migracijos Departamentą prie Lietuvos Respublikos vidaus Reikalų Ministerijos ir valstybės sienos apsaugos 
tarnybą prie vidaus Reikalų Ministerijos [Statement on the complaint of X and Y against the Migration Department 
under the Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Lithuania and the State Border Guard Service under the 
Ministry of the Interior]. https://www.lrski.lt/documents/pazyma-del-x-ir-y-skundo-pries-migracijos-departamenta-
prie-lietuvos-respublikos-vidaus-reikalu-ministerijos-ir-valstybes-sienos-apsaugos-tarnyba-prie-vidaus-reikalu-
ministerijos/?__cf_chl_tk=B6Ufnar59NZtJAyr6rfomXrQ7Xtv5vtEGWUBT.wBOj4-1705665170-0-gaNycGzNDxA  

Office of the Seimas Ombudsmen | Lietuvos Seimo Kontrolieriai. (2023, October 20). Seimo kontrolierių įstaiga 
pirmą kartą istorijoje pateikė poziciją Europos Žmogaus Teisių Teismui dėl migrantų sulaikymo Lietuvoje [The 
Seimas Ombudsmen’s Office presented its position to the European Court of Human Rights on the detention of 
migrants in Lithuania for the first time in history]. https://www.lrski.lt/naujienos/seimo-kontrolieriu-istaiga-pirma-
karta-istorijoje-pateike-pozicija-europos-zmogaus-teisiu-teismui-del-migrantu-sulaikymo-lietuvoje/  

42 

SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

State Border Guard Service | Valstybės sienos apsaugos tarnyba. (2023, March 21). Neįleistų neteisėtų migrantų 
statistika [Statistics of illegal migrants denied entry]. https://vsat.lrv.lt/lt/naujienos/neileistu-neteisetu-migrantu-
statistika/  

Luxembourg 

Government of Luxembourg | Gouvernement Luxembourgeois. Info DPI. http://www.info-dpi.lu/  

Government of Luxembourg | Gouvernement Luxembourgeois. (2024, January 2). Citizen's pact for intercultural 
living together - 'Biergerpakt'. https://guichet.public.lu/en/citoyens/citoyennete/vivre-ensemble/pacte-citoyen.html  

Ministry of Family, Solidarity, Living Together and Reception | Ministère de la Famille, des Solidarités, du Vivre 
ensemble et de l’Accueil. (2022, January 22). Réponse du ministre de la Famille, des Solidarités, du Vivre 
ensemble et de l’Accueil à la question parlementaire n°132 de Madame la Députée Joëlle Welfring et de Monsieur 
le Député Meris Sehovic concernant l’Action Hiver [Response from the Minister of Family, Solidarity, Living 
Together and Reception to the parliamentary question No 132 by Mrs Deputy Joëlle Welfring and Mr. Deputy 
Meris Sehovic on the Winter Action]. https://wdocs-pub.chd.lu/docs/exped/0144/107/289075.pdf  

Ministry of Family, Solidarity, Living Together and Reception | Ministère de la Famille, des Solidarités, du Vivre 
ensemble et de l’Accueil. (2024, March 1). Réponse du ministre de la Famille, des Solidarités, du Vivre ensemble et 
de l’Accueil à la question parlementaire n°264 de Monsieur le Député David Wagner [Response from the Minister 
of Family, Solidarity, Living Together and Reception to the parliamentary question No 264 by Mr Deputy David 
Wagner]. https://wdocs-pub.chd.lu/docs/exped/0145/085/290858.pdf  

Malta 

Armed Forces of Malta. (2023). Armed Forces of Malta training with the Libyan General Administration for Coastal 
Security (GACS). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=76fg_KIhzKQ  

Armed Forces of Malta | Forzi Armati Ta' Malta. (2023, July 30). Taħriġ tal-Forzi Armati ta’ Malta mal-
Amministrazzjoni Ġenerali Libjana għas-Sigurtà Kostali [Training of the Armed Forces of Malta with the Libyan 
General Administration for Coastal Security]. PR231195 [Press release]. 
https://www.gov.mt/en/Government/DOI/Press%20Releases/Pages/2023/07/30/pr231195.aspx  

Government of Malta, Parliamentary Secretariat for Reforms and Equality, Human Rights Directorate. LGBTIQ+ 
Equality strategy and action plan 2023-2027. https://humanrights.gov.mt/en/Documents/LGBTIQ Equality Strategy 
and Action Plan 2023 %E2%80%93 2027 EN.pdf  

Government of Malta, Parliamentary Secretariat for Reforms and Equality, Human Rights Directorate. (2023). 
Second National Integration Policy and Action Plan. 
https://humanrights.gov.mt/en/Documents/INTEGRATION%20PUBLIC%20CONSULTATION.pdf  

Minister of the Interior, Security, Equality and Reforms. (2023, January 12). Stqarrija mill-ministeru għall-intern, is-
sigurtà, l-ugwaljanza u r-riformi [Statement from the ministry for the interior, security, equality and reforms] [Press 
release]. https://www.gov.mt/en/Government/DOI/Press%20Releases/Pages/2023/01/12/pr230042.aspx  

Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs and Trade, & Ministry for Home Affairs, Security, Reforms and Equality. 
(2023, May 31). Press Release [PR230823en]. 
https://www.gov.mt/en/Government/DOI/Press%20Releases/Pages/2023/05/31/PR230823en.aspx  

Ministry of Home Affairs, Security, Reforms and Equality | Ministeru għall-intern, is-sigurtà, ir-riformi u l-ugwaljanza. 
(2023, January 18). Il-Ministru Byron Camilleri jmexxi delegazzjoni Maltija fl-oqsma tas-sigurtà fil-Libja [Minister 
Byron Camilleri led Maltese delegations at the Security Summit in Libya] [PR230083]. 
https://www.gov.mt/en/Government/DOI/Press%20Releases/Pages/2023/01/18/pr230083.aspx  

Ministry of Home Affairs, Security, Reforms and Equality | Ministeru għall-intern, is-sigurtà, ir-riformi u l-ugwaljanza. 
(2023, January 19). Jissoktaw l-impenji tad-delegazzjoni Maltija fl-oqsma tas-sigurtà fil-Libja [The commitments of 
the Maltese delegation in the area of security continue in Libya] [PR230088]. 
https://www.gov.mt/en/Government/DOI/Press%20Releases/Pages/2023/01/19/pr230088.aspx  

Ministry of Home Affairs, Security, Reforms and Equality | Ministeru għall-intern, is-sigurtà, ir-riformi u l-ugwaljanza. 
(2023, January 26). Minister Byron Camilleri attends the informal meeting for Justice and Home Affairs Ministers in 
Stockholm. PR230130en [Press release]. 
https://www.gov.mt/en/Government/DOI/Press%20Releases/Pages/2023/01/26/pr230130en.aspx  

43 

 
EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

Ministry of Home Affairs, Security, Reforms and Equality | Ministeru għall-intern, is-sigurtà, ir-riformi u l-ugwaljanza. 
(2023, July 25). Il-Ministru Byron Camilleri f’taħditiet mal-Ministru tal-Intern tal-Libja [The Minister Byron Camilleri in 
talks with the Minister of the Interior of Lybia]. PR231168 [Press release]. 
https://www.gov.mt/en/Government/DOI/Press%20Releases/Pages/2023/07/25/pr231168.aspx  

Ministry of Home Affairs, Security, Reforms and Equality | Ministeru għall-intern, is-sigurtà, ir-riformi u l-ugwaljanza. 
(2023, July 26). Stqarrija mill-, Il-Ministru Byron Camilleri f’laqgħa bilaterali mal-Ministru Taljan għall-Intern Matteo 
Piantedosi [Minister Byron Camilleri in a bilateral meeting with the Italian Minister of the Interior Matteo Piantedosi]. 
PR231174 [Press release]. 
https://www.gov.mt/en/Government/DOI/Press%20Releases/Pages/2023/07/26/pr231174en.aspx  

Netherlands 

Central Agency for the Reception of Asylum Seekers | Centraal Orgaan opvang asielzoekers. (2023, March 8). 
COA deelt zorgen inspectie over gezinslocaties [COA shares inspection concerns about family locations]. 
https://www.coa.nl/nl/nieuws/coa-deelt-zorgen-inspectie-over-gezinslocaties  

Central Agency for the Reception of Asylum Seekers | Centraal Orgaan opvang asielzoekers. (2023, April 5). 
Staatssecretaris reageert op brief Inspectie Justitie en Veiligheid over handhavings- en toezichtlocatie [State 
Secretary responds to letter from the Justice and Security Inspectorate about enforcement and supervision 
location]. https://www.coa.nl/nl/nieuws/staatssecretaris-reageert-op-brief-inspectie-justitie-en-veiligheid-over-
handhavings-en  

Central Agency for the Reception of Asylum Seekers | Centraal Orgaan opvang asielzoekers. (2023, April 14). 
Afschaffen 24-weken-eis belangrijke stap voor actieve deelname asielzoekers [Abolition of 24-week requirement 
is an important step for active participation of asylum seekers]. https://www.coa.nl/nl/nieuws/afschaffen-24-weken-
eis-belangrijke-stap-voor-actieve-deelname-asielzoekers  

Central Agency for the Reception of Asylum Seekers | Centraal Orgaan opvang asielzoekers. (2023, April 28). 
Stabiele financiering COA biedt perspectief voor de toekomst [Stable funding COA offers perspective for the 
future]. https://www.coa.nl/nl/nieuws/stabiele-financiering-coa-biedt-perspectief-voor-de-toekomst  

Central Agency for the Reception of Asylum Seekers | Centraal Orgaan opvang asielzoekers. (2023, May 18). 
Asielzoeker mag vooralsnog toch niet langer dan 24 weken werken [For the time being, asylum seekers are not 
allowed to work for more than 24 weeks]. https://www.coa.nl/nl/nieuws/asielzoeker-mag-vooralsnog-toch-niet-
langer-dan-24-weken-werken  

Central Agency for the Reception of Asylum Seekers | Centraal Orgaan opvang asielzoekers. (2023, May 24). 
Nachtopvang aanmeldcentrum Ter Apel loopt vol [Night shelter registration center Ter Apel is full]. 
https://www.coa.nl/nl/nieuws/nachtopvang-aanmeldcentrum-ter-apel-loopt-vol  

Central Agency for the Reception of Asylum Seekers | Centraal Orgaan opvang asielzoekers. (2023, June 12). 
Reactie COA op de inspectierapporten IGJ en Inspectie JenV rond overlijden baby in Ter Apel [COA's response to 
the IGJ and Inspectorate JenV inspection reports on the death of a baby in Ter Apel]. 
https://www.coa.nl/nl/nieuws/reactie-coa-op-de-inspectierapporten-igj-en-inspectie-jenv-rond-overlijden-baby-ter-
apel  

Central Agency for the Reception of Asylum Seekers | Centraal Orgaan opvang asielzoekers. (2023, June 27). 
Dringende oproep aan gemeenten: sneller plek nodig voor alleenreizende kinderen en jongeren [Urgent call to 
municipalities: place needed faster for unaccompanied children and young people]. 
https://www.coa.nl/nl/nieuws/dringende-oproep-aan-gemeenten-sneller-plek-nodig-voor-alleenreizende-kinderen-
en-jongeren  

Central Agency for the Reception of Asylum Seekers | Centraal Orgaan opvang asielzoekers. (2023, June 29). 
Expohal Assen in gebruik genomen als wachtkamer voor Ter Apel [Assen exhibition hall used as a waiting room 
for Ter Apel]. https://www.coa.nl/nl/nieuws/expohal-assen-gebruik-genomen-als-wachtkamer-voor-ter-apel  

Central Agency for the Reception of Asylum Seekers | Centraal Orgaan opvang asielzoekers. (2023, July 1). Ferry 
Silja Europa vaart 1 juli van Velsen naar Rotterdam [Ferry Silja Europa sails from Velsen to Rotterdam on 1 July]. 
https://www.coa.nl/nl/nieuws/ferry-silja-europa-vaart-1-juli-van-velsen-naar-rotterdam  

Central Agency for the Reception of Asylum Seekers | Centraal Orgaan opvang asielzoekers. (2023, July 10). Hoe 
vangen wij alleenstaande jongeren op? [How do we accommodate single young people?]. 
https://www.coa.nl/nl/nieuws/hoe-vangen-wij-alleenstaande-jongeren-op  

44 

SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

Central Agency for the Reception of Asylum Seekers | Centraal Orgaan opvang asielzoekers. (2023, July 14). 
Tijdige koppeling statushouders aan gemeenten [Timely match between status holders and municipalities]. 
https://www.coa.nl/nl/nieuws/tijdige-koppeling-statushouders-aan-gemeenten  

Central Agency for the Reception of Asylum Seekers | Centraal Orgaan opvang asielzoekers. (2023, July 21). 
Uitvoeringstoets op uitwerking spreidingswet gereed [Implementation test on the elaboration of the distribution 
law ready]. https://www.coa.nl/nl/nieuws/uitvoeringstoets-op-uitwerking-spreidingswet-gereed  

Central Agency for the Reception of Asylum Seekers | Centraal Orgaan opvang asielzoekers. (2023, September 
13). Tweede Kamer gaat de Spreidingswet op korte termijn behandelen [House of Representatives will discuss the 
Distribution Act in the short term]. https://www.coa.nl/nl/nieuws/tweede-kamer-gaat-de-spreidingswet-op-korte-
termijn-behandelen  

Central Agency for the Reception of Asylum Seekers | Centraal Orgaan opvang asielzoekers. (2023, September 
19). Groot deel COA-medewerkers tevreden over werk, maar veiligheid moet beter [Large proportion of COA 
employees satisfied with their work, but safety needs to be improved]. https://www.coa.nl/nl/nieuws/groot-deel-
coa-medewerkers-tevreden-over-werk-maar-veiligheid-moet-beter  

Central Agency for the Reception of Asylum Seekers | Centraal Orgaan opvang asielzoekers. (2023, September 
27). Tevredenheid bewoners COA structureel onder de loep [Satisfaction of COA residents structurally 
scrutinized]. https://www.coa.nl/nl/nieuws/tevredenheid-bewoners-coa-structureel-onder-de-loep  

Central Agency for the Reception of Asylum Seekers | Centraal Orgaan opvang asielzoekers. (2023, October 9). 
Innovatieagenda: wie denkt mee over een nieuwe visie op vastgoed? [Innovation Agenda: Who thinks along 
about a new vision for real estate?]. https://www.coa.nl/nl/nieuws/innovatieagenda-wie-denkt-mee-over-een-
nieuwe-visie-op-vastgoed  

Central Agency for the Reception of Asylum Seekers | Centraal Orgaan opvang asielzoekers. (2023, November 10). 
Het COA moet volgend jaar opnieuw fors groeien [The COA has to grow strongly again next year]. 
https://www.coa.nl/nl/nieuws/het-coa-moet-volgend-jaar-opnieuw-fors-groeien  

Central Agency for the Reception of Asylum Seekers | Centraal Orgaan opvang asielzoekers. (2023, December 
22). Status tekort opvangplekken [Status of shortage of shelter places]. https://www.coa.nl/nl/nieuws/status-tekort-
opvangplekken  

Central Agency for the Reception of Asylum Seekers | Centraal Orgaan opvang asielzoekers. (2024, January 16). 
VNG, IPO en COA bieden Eerste Kamer petitie aan over noodzaak van Spreidingswet [VNG, IPO and COA 
present Senate petition on the need for the Dispersion Act]. https://www.coa.nl/nl/nieuws/vng-ipo-en-coa-bieden-
eerste-kamer-petitie-aan-over-noodzaak-van-spreidingswet  

Council of State | Raad van State. (2023, August 30). Afdeling bestuursrechtspraak stelt prejudiciële vragen over 
Griekse statushouders [Administrative Jurisdiction Department asks preliminary questions about Greek status 
holders]. https://www.raadvanstate.nl/actueel/nieuws/augustus/prejudiciele-vraag-griekse-statushouders/  

Council of State | Raad van State. (2023, December 27). Staatssecretaris J&V mag vreemdelingen overdragen aan 
Roemenië [State Secretary J&V may transfer foreign nationals to Romania]. 
https://www.raadvanstate.nl/actueel/nieuws/december/overdracht-vreemdelingen-roemenie/  

Council of State | Raad van State. (2024, January 18). Advies ontwerpbesluit gemeentelijke taak 
asielopvangvoorzieningen [Advice on the draft decree on the municipal task of asylum reception facilities]. 
https://www.raadvanstate.nl/actueel/nieuws/januari/advies-gemeentelijke-taak-asielopvang  

Government | Rijksoverheid. (2023). Actieplan programma Samen tegen mensenhandel 2023 [Action Plan 
Together against Human Trafficking Programme 2023]. https://open.overheid.nl/documenten/218dcc97-41f0-
4224-bd3b-fdc3f9fb737d/file   

Government | Rijksoverheid. (2023, August 28). Kamerbrief over besluitvorming opvangcrisis [Letter to Parliament 
about decision-making on reception crisis]: State Secretary Van der Burg (JenV) informs the House of 
Representatives about the decision-making surrounding the crisis in the reception of asylum seekers. He 
discusses administrative agreements with fellow authorities, temporary measures and additional reinforcement 
and deployment. https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/documenten/kamerstukken/2022/08/26/tk-brief-besluitvorming-
opvangcrisis#:~:text=Staatssecretaris%20Van%20der%20Burg%20(JenV,en%20aanvullende%20versterking%20en
%20inzet.  

45 

 
 
 
EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

Government | Rijksoverheid. (2023, September 18). Kamerbrief bij geannoteerde agenda JBZ Raad 28 september 
2023 [Letter to Parliament accompanying the annotated JBZ Council agenda of September 28, 2023]. 
https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/documenten/kamerstukken/2023/09/18/tk-geannoteerde-agenda-jbz-raad-28-
september-2023  

Government | Rijksoverheid. (2023, November 29). Asielzoekers mogen meer dan 24 weken per jaar werken 
[Asylum seekers can work more than 24 weeks per year]. 
https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/actueel/nieuws/2023/11/29/asielzoekers-mogen-meer-dan-24-weken-per-jaar-werken  

Government | Rijksoverheid. (2024, January 31). Spreidingswet treedt per 1 februari in werking [The Distribution Act 
enters into force on 1 February]. https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/actueel/nieuws/2024/01/31/spreidingswet-treedt-per-
1-februari-in-werking  

Government of Portugal | Governo de Portugal. (2023, October 29). Agência para a Integração, Migrações e Asilo: 
O primeiro dia de um novo paradigma [Agency for Integration, Migration and Asylum: The first day of a new 
paradigm]. https://www.portugal.gov.pt/pt/gc23/comunicacao/comunicado?i=agencia-para-a-integracao-
migracoes-e-asilo-o-primeiro-dia-de-um-novo-paradigma-  

Immigration and Naturalisation Service | Immigratie- en Naturalisatiedienst. (2023, January 13). Beoordeling veilige 
derde landen Colombia [Safe third country assessment Colombia]. 
https://puc.overheid.nl/ind/doc/PUC_1297956_1/1/  

Immigration and Naturalisation Service | Immigratie- en Naturalisatiedienst. (2023, March 1). Beoordeling veilige 
derde landen - Mauritanië [Safe third country assessment - Mauritania]. 
https://puc.overheid.nl/ind/doc/PUC_1300428_1/1/  

Immigration and Naturalisation Service | Immigratie- en Naturalisatiedienst. (2023, May 23). IND has reached limits 
of feasibility. https://ind.nl/en/news/ind-has-reached-limits-of-feasibility  

Immigration and Naturalisation Service | Immigratie- en Naturalisatiedienst. (2023, June 6). IND strengthens 
investigation of open sources for national security. https://ind.nl/en/news/ind-strengthens-investigation-of-open-
sources-for-national-security  

Immigration and Naturalisation Service | Immigratie- en Naturalisatiedienst. (2023, June 8). WI 2023/6 
Leeftijdsbepaling [WI 2023/6 Age determination - Immigration and Naturalization Service]. 
https://puc.overheid.nl/ind/doc/PUC_1307327_1/1/  

Immigration and Naturalisation Service | Immigratie- en Naturalisatiedienst. (2023, June 27). Temporary stop on 
decisions for asylum seekers from Sudan. https://ind.nl/en/news/temporary-stop-on-decisions-for-asylum-seekers-
from-sudan  

Immigration and Naturalisation Service | Immigratie- en Naturalisatiedienst. (2023, July 6). 250 overlastgevers in 
Ter Apel versneld afgewezen door de IND [250 nuisance-causing asylum seekers in Ter Apel rejected faster by 
the IND]. https://ind.nl/nl/nieuws/250-overlastgevers-in-ter-apel-versneld-afgewezen-door-de-ind  

Immigration and Naturalisation Service | Immigratie- en Naturalisatiedienst. (2023, October 13). Djibouti: 
beoordeling Veilig Derde Land [Djibouti: safe third country assessment]. 
https://puc.overheid.nl/ind/doc/PUC_1318035_1/1/  

Immigration and Naturalisation Service | Immigratie- en Naturalisatiedienst. (2023, December 20). Extension of 
temporary stop of asylum decisions on Sudanese applications. https://ind.nl/en/news/extension-of-temporary-stop-
of-asylum-decisions-on-sudanese-applications  

Immigration and Naturalisation Service | Immigratie- en Naturalisatiedienst. (2023, December 20). Temporarily no 
decisions for asylum seekers from the Palestinian Territories. https://ind.nl/en/news/temporarily-no-decisions-for-
asylum-seekers-from-the-palestinian-territories  

Inspectorate of Education, Ministry of Education, Culture and Science | Inspectie van het Onderwijs, Ministerie van 
Onderwijs, cultuur en Wetenschap. (2023, March 8). Onvoldoende veiligheid en ontwikkelmogelijkheden voor 
nieuwkomerskinderen [Insufficient safety and development opportunities for newcomer children]. 
https://www.onderwijsinspectie.nl/actueel/nieuws/2023/03/08/onvoldoende-veiligheid-en-
ontwikkelmogelijkheden-voor-nieuwkomerskinderen  

Ministry of Justice and Security | Ministerie van Justitie en Veiligheid. (2023, November 10). Kamerbrief over 
actuele situatie asielketen en MMP 2023-2 [Letter to Parliament about the current situation of the asylum chain 

46 

SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

and MMP 2023-2]. https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/documenten/kamerstukken/2023/11/10/tk-actuele-situatie-
asielketen-mpp-2023-ii  

Ministry of Justice and Security | Ministerie van Justitie en Veiligheid. (2023, December 7). Brief Onveilige situatie 
asielopvang Ter Apel [Letter on the unsafe situation of asylum reception in Ter Apel]. https://www.inspectie-
jenv.nl/Publicaties/brieven/2023/12/07/brief-onveilige-situatie-asielopvang-ter-apel  

Ministry of Justice and Security | Ministerie van Justitie en Veiligheid. (2024, March 26). Brief Inspecties: Situatie in 
Ter Apel is uiterst kritisch [Letter Inspections: Situation in Ter Apel is extremely critical]. https://www.inspectie-
jenv.nl/Publicaties/brieven/2023/11/01/brief-inspecties--situatie-in-ter-apel-is-uiterst-kritisch  

National Ombudsman | Nationale ombudsman. (2024, March 26). De crisis voorbij [Beyond the Crisis]. 
https://www.nationaleombudsman.nl/publicaties/onderzoeken/de-crisis-voorbij  

Research and Data Centre | Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek- en Documentatiecentrum. (2023, July 18). Evaluatie van 
de wijziging van de B8/3-regeling [Evaluation of the amendment of the B8/3 scheme]. 
https://open.overheid.nl/documenten/dpc-339e85b95a6dd1aded6f1eca0c8edbef3da6790b/pdf  

Senate of the Netherlands | Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal. (2023, June 6). Intrekking voorbehouden Verdrag 
status van staatlozen in verband met de vaststelling van staatloosheid 35.688 (R2151) [Withdrawal reservations 
Treaty on status of stateless persons in connection with the determination of statelessness]. 
https://www.eerstekamer.nl/wetsvoorstel/35688_intrekking_voorbehouden  

Senate of the Netherlands | Eerste Kamer der Staten-Generaal. (2023, June 6). Wet vaststellingsprocedure 
staatloosheid [Statelessness Determination Procedure Act]. 
https://www.eerstekamer.nl/wetsvoorstel/35687_wet_vaststellingsprocedure  

State Secretary for Justice and Security | Staatssecretaris van Justitie en Veiligheid. (2023, May 24). Actuele 
situatie Asiel [Current Asylum Situation]. 
https://www.tweedekamer.nl/kamerstukken/brieven_regering/detail?id=2023Z09184&did=2023D22065  

State Secretary for Justice and Security | Staatssecretaris van Justitie en Veiligheid. (2024, April 25). Tijdelijke 
regels over de opvang van ontheemden uit Oekraïne (Tijdelijke wet opvang ontheemden Oekraïne) [Temporary 
rules on the reception of displaced persons from Ukraine (Temporary Act on the Reception of Displaced Persons 
Ukraine)]. https://www.tweedekamer.nl/kamerstukken/brieven_regering/detail?id=2024Z07536&did=2024D17359  

State Secretary for Justice and Security | Staatssecretaris van Justitite en Veiligheid. (2023, May 24). Actuele 
situatie Asiel [Current situation Asylum]. 
https://www.tweedekamer.nl/kamerstukken/brieven_regering/detail?id=2023Z09184&did=2023D22065  

Norway 

Government of Norway | Regjeringen.no. (2023, March 24). Prop. 67 L (2022–2023) Endringer i utlendingsloven 
(fjernmøter i Utlendingsnemnda mv.) [Prop. 67 L (2022–2023) Changes to the Immigration Act (remote meetings of 
the Immigration Appeals Board, etc.)]. https://www.regjeringen.no/no/dokumenter/prop.-67-l-
20222023/id2967585/  

Immigration Appeals Board | Utlendingsnemnda. (2023, August 25). Forfølgelse på grunnlag av seksuell 
orientering gir rett til flyktningstatus [Persecution on the basis of sexual orientation gives the right to refugee 
status]. https://www.une.no/aktuelt/arkiv/2023/praksisnotat-forfolgelse-pa-grunnlag-av-seksuell-orientering/  

Immigration Appeals Board | Utlendingsnemnda. (2023, September 7). Nye reglar styrkjer 
nemndmøtehandsaminga i Utlendingsnemnda frå 1. september 2023 [New rules strengthen the handling of board 
meetings in the Immigration Board from 1 September 2023]. 
https://www.une.no/aktuelt/arkiv/2023/forskriftsendring-nemndmotebehandling/  

Ministry of Justice and Public Security | Justis- og beredskapsdepartementet. (2023, March 22). GI-05/2023 - 
Instruks til Utlendingsdirektoratet om innkvartering av asylsøkere [GI-05/2023 - Instructions to the Norwegian 
Directorate of Immigration on accommodation of asylum seekers]. https://www.regjeringen.no/no/dokumenter/gi-
052023-instruks-til-utlendingsdirektoratet-om-innkvartering-av-asylsokere/id2967831/  

Ministry of Justice and Public Security | Justis- og beredskapsdepartementet. (2023, March 24). Prop. 67 L (2022–
2023) Endringer i utlendingsloven (fjernmøter i Utlendingsnemnda mv.) [Prop. 67 L (2022–2023) Changes to the 
Immigration Act (remote meetings in the Immigration Board, etc.)]. 
https://www.regjeringen.no/no/dokumenter/prop.-67-l-20222023/id2967585/  

47 

 
EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

Ministry of Justice and Public Security | Justis- og beredskapsdepartementet. (2023, May 15). Instruks GI-
09/2023 – Utlendingsloven § 28 første ledd bokstav a, kvinner og jenter fra Afghanistan [Instruction GI-09/2023 – 
Immigration Act, Section 28 first paragraph letter a, women and girls from Afghanistan]. 
https://www.regjeringen.no/no/dokumenter/instruks-gi-092023-utlendingsloven-28-forste-ledd-bokstav-a-kvinner-
og-jenter-fra-afghanistan/id2977488/  

Norwegian Directorate of Immigration | Utlendingsdirektoratet. (2023, March 2). Kvalitet på asylintervju (2022) 
[Quality of asylum interview (2022)]. https://www.udi.no/statistikk-og-analyse/forsknings-og-
utviklingsrapporter/kvalitet-pa-asylintervju/  

Norwegian Directorate of Immigration | Utlendingsdirektoratet. (2023, March 2). Ris og ros til UDIs intervjumodell 
[Credit to UDI's interview model]. https://www.udi.no/aktuelt/ris-og-ros-til-udis-intervjumodell/  

Norwegian Directorate of Immigration | Utlendingsdirektoratet. (2023, July 13). Nye avtaler om asylmottak [New 
agreements on asylum reception centres]. https://www.udi.no/aktuelt/nye-avtaler-om-asylmottak/  

Norwegian Directorate of Immigration | Utlendingsdirektoratet. (2023, August 31). Sterk økning i ankomster [Strong 
increase in arrivals]. https://www.udi.no/aktuelt/sterk-okning-i-ankomster/  

Norwegian Directorate of Immigration | Utlendingsdirektoratet. (2023, October 11). Må skaffe flere mottaksplasser 
og øke bosettingstakten [Need to get more reception places and increase the rate of settlement]. 
https://www.udi.no/aktuelt/ma-skaffe-flere-mottaksplasser-og-oke-bosettingstakten/  

Norwegian Directorate of Immigration | Utlendingsdirektoratet. (2023, October 24). UDI har inngått avtaler om inntil 
20.000 nye beredskapsplasser [UDI has entered into agreements for up to 20,000 new emergency places]. 
https://www.udi.no/aktuelt/udi-har-inngatt-avtaler-om-inntil-20.000-nye-beredskapsplasser/  

Norwegian Directorate of Immigration | Utlendingsdirektoratet. (2023, November 2). Tilskudd til informasjonstiltak 
om assistert retur [Grants for information measures on assisted return]. https://www.udi.no/aktuelt/tilskudd-til-
informasjonstiltak-om-assistert-retur2/  

Norwegian Directorate of Immigration | Utlendingsdirektoratet. (2023, November 8). To nye asylmottak [Two new 
asylum reception centres]. https://www.udi.no/aktuelt/to-nye-asylmottak/  

Norwegian Directorate of Immigration | Utlendingsdirektoratet. (2023, November 9). UNE tek opp att behandlinga 
av Sudan-saker [UNE resumes processing of Sudan cases]. https://www.udi.no/aktuelt/une-gjenopptar-
behandlingen-av-sudan--saker/  

Poland 

Commissioner for Human Rights | Rzecznik Praw Obywatelskich. (2023, August 28). Rzecznik: wyeliminować 
pushbacki z polskiego prawa. Odpowiedź MSWiA [Spokesman: eliminate pushbacks from Polish law. Reply of the 
Ministry of Interior and Administration]. https://bip.brpo.gov.pl/pl/content/rpo-pushbacki-prawo-usuniecie-mswia-
odpowiedz  

Federal Ministry for the Interior and Community | Bundesministerium des Innern und für Heimat. (2023, 
November 2). Border checks at Germany’s land borders with Poland, the Czech Republic and Switzerland [Press 
release]. https://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/pressemitteilungen/EN/2023/10/notifizierung-bgk.html  

Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of Poland | Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych. (2024, May 15). Dla obywatela 
[For the Citizen]. https://www.gov.pl/  

Ministry of Internal Affairs and Administration | Ministerstwo Spraw Wewnętrznych i Administracji. (2023, November 
2). Przedłużenie tymczasowej kontroli na granicy polsko-słowackiej do 22 listopada br [Extension of temporary 
control at the Polish-Slovak border until November 22 this year]. https://www.gov.pl/web/mswia/przedluzenie-
tymczasowej-kontroli-na-granicy-polsko-slowackiej-do-22-listopada-br  

Ministry of the Interior and Administration | Ministerstwo Spraw Wewnętrznych i Administracji. (2024, January 26). 
BMP.0790.1.10.2023.KSz. https://bip.brpo.gov.pl/sites/default/files/2024-
01/Odpowied%C5%BA_MSWiA_migranci_pushbacki_osrodki_strzezone_26.01.2024.pdf  

Office for Foreigners | Urząd do Spraw Cudzoziemców. (2023, April 6). Changes in migration law. 
https://www.gov.pl/web/udsc-en/changes-in-migration-law  

48 

SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

Office for Foreigners | Urząd do Spraw Cudzoziemców. (2023, September 18). Materiały edukacyjne dla rodziców i 
dzieci cudzoziemskich [Educational materials for foreign parents and children]. 
https://www.gov.pl/web/udsc/materialy-edukacyjne-dla-rodzicow-cudzoziemskich  

Portugal 

Government of Portugal | Governo de Portugal. (2023, October 29). Agência para a Integração, Migrações e Asilo: 
O primeiro dia de um novo paradigma [Agency for Integration, Migration and Asylum: The first day of a new 
paradigm]. https://www.portugal.gov.pt/pt/gc23/comunicacao/comunicado?i=agencia-para-a-integracao-
migracoes-e-asilo-o-primeiro-dia-de-um-novo-paradigma-  

Romania 

Romanian Government | Guvernul României. (2023, May 17). Informaţie de presă privind actele normative aprobate 
în cadrul ședinței Guvernului României din 17 mai 2023 [Press information regarding the normative acts approved 
during the meeting of the Romanian Government on May 17, 2023] [Press release]. 
https://gov.ro/ro/guvernul/sedinte-guvern/informatie-de-presa-privind-actele-normative-aprobate-in-cadrul-edintei-
guvernului-romaniei-din-17-mai-2023#null  

Slovakia 

Ministry of Internal Affairs and Administration | Ministerstwo Spraw Wewnętrznych i Administracji. (2023, November 
2). Przedłużenie tymczasowej kontroli na granicy polsko-słowackiej do 22 listopada br [Extension of temporary 
control at the Polish-Slovak border until November 22 this year]. https://www.gov.pl/web/mswia/przedluzenie-
tymczasowej-kontroli-na-granicy-polsko-slowackiej-do-22-listopada-br  

Ministry of Justice of the Slovak Republic | Ministerstva spravodlivosti Slovenskej republiky. (2024, April 2). Zoznam 
súdov [List of courts]. https://www.justice.gov.sk/sudy-a-
rozhodnutia/sudy/?pageNum=1&size=10&sortProperty=typSudu_sk_string&sortDirection=ASC  

Ministry of the Interior | Ministerstva vnitra. (2024, March 20). Česko znovu prodloužilo namátkové kontroly na 
státní hranici se Slovenskem [The Czech Republic has once again extended random checks at the state border 
with Slovakia]. https://www.mvcr.cz/clanek/cesko-znovu-prodlouzilo-namatkove-kontroly-na-statni-hranici-se-
slovenskem.aspx  

Ministry of the Interior of the Slovak Republic | Ministerstvo vnútra Slovenskej republiky. (2023, November 20). 
Kontroly na hraniciach s Maďarskom potrvajú do 23. decembra [Controls at the border with Hungary will last until 
December 23] [Press release]. https://www.minv.sk/?tlacove-spravy&sprava=kontroly-na-hraniciach-s-madarskom-
potrvaju-do-23-decembra  

Slovenia 

Government of the Republic of Slovenia | Vlada Republike Slovenije. (2023, May 4). Zavračamo navedbe o 
sistematičnem vračanju na Hrvaško [We reject allegations of systematic return to Croatia]. 
https://www.gov.si/novice/2023-05-04-zavracamo-navedbe-o-sistematicnem-vracanju-na-hrvasko/  

Ministry of the Interior | Ministrstvo za notranje zadeve. (2023, December 15). Slovenia accepts refugees under the 
resettlement project. https://www.gov.si/en/news/2023-12-15-slovenia-accepts-refugees-under-the-resettlement-
project/  

Ministry of the Interior | Ministrstvo za notranje zadeve. (2024, January 26). Prispela druga skupina beguncev iz 
projekta trajne preselitve [The second group of refugees from the resettlement project has arrived]. 
https://www.gov.si/novice/2024-01-26-prispela-druga-skupina-beguncev-iz-projekta-trajne-preselitve/  

Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Slovenia | Ministrstvo za notranje zadeve. (2023, December 21). Slovenija 
napovedala pristop h Konvenciji o zmanjšanju števila oseb brez državljanstva [Slovenia announced its accession 
to the Convention on the Reduction of the Number of Stateless Persons]. https://www.gov.si/novice/2023-12-21-
slovenija-napovedala-pristop-h-konvenciji-o-zmanjsanju-stevila-oseb-brez-drzavljanstva/  

49 

 
 
 
EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

National Institute of Public Health | Nacionalni inštitut za javno zdravje. (2023). Практичні поради щодо 
перебування в Республіці Словенія [Practical Advice for Staying in the Republic of Slovenia]. 
https://nijz.si/publikacije/%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%ba%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%bd%d1%96-
%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b8-%d1%89%d0%be%d0%b4%d0%be-
%d0%bf%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b1%d1%83%d0%b2%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%bd%d1%8f-%d0%b2-%d1%80/  

Republic of Slovenia. (2023, March 28). Changing the law to speed up the recruitment of foreigners. 
https://www.gov.si/en/news/2023-03-28-changing-the-law-to-speed-up-the-recruitment-of-foreigners/  

Spain 

Council of Ministers | Consejo de Ministros. (2023). Amplicacion del programa nacional de reasentamiento de 
refugiados [Expansion of the National Resettlement Programme]. 
https://www.lamoncloa.gob.es/consejodeministros/referencias/Paginas/2023/refc0305203.aspx  

Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores, Union Europea y Cooperacion | Ministry of Foreign Affairs, European Union and 
Cooperation. (2023, December 15). Albares visits Senegal and Mauritania to strengthen migration cooperation 
[Press release]. 
https://www.exteriores.gob.es/en/Comunicacion/NotasPrensa/Paginas/2023_NOTAS_P/20231215_NOTA045.aspx  

Ministry for Foreign Affairs, European Union and Cooperation | Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores, Unión Europea y 
Cooperación. (2023, December 15). Albares visits Senegal and Mauritania to strengthen migration cooperation. 
https://www.exteriores.gob.es/en/Comunicacion/NotasPrensa/Paginas/2023_NOTAS_P/20231215_NOTA045.aspx  

Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migration | Ministerio de Inclusión, Seguridad Social y Migraciones. (2023, 
May 19). El Ministerio de Inclusión acoge a un nuevo grupo de 161 refugiados sirios afectados por el terremoto de 
Turquía [The Ministry of Inclusion welcomes a new group of 161 Syrian refugees affected by the earthquake in 
Turkey] [Press release]. https://www.inclusion.gob.es/w/el-ministerio-de-inclusion-acoge-a-un-nuevo-grupo-de-161-
refugiados-sirios-afectados-por-el-terremoto-de-turquia  

Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migration | Ministerio de Inclusión, Seguridad Social y Migraciones. (2023, 
December 12). Llegan las primeras 23 familias refugiadas nicaragüenses en el marco del proyecto piloto de 
migración laboral [The first 23 Nicaraguan refugee families arrive within the framework of the labor migration pilot 
project] [Press release]. https://www.inclusion.gob.es/w/llegan-las-primeras-23-familias-refugiadas-nicaraguenses-
en-el-marco-del-proyecto-piloto-de-migracion-laboral  

Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migrations | Ministerio de Inclusión, Seguridad Social y Migraciones. 
(2023). Marco Estratégico de Ciudadanía e Inclusión, contra el Racismo y la Xenofobia (2023-2027) [Strategic 
Framework of Citizenship and Inclusion, against Racism and Xenophobia (2023-2027)]. 
https://www.inclusion.gob.es/oberaxe/ficheros/documentos/MarcoEstrategicoCiudadaniaInclusionContraRacismoX
enofobia_REV.pdf  

Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migrations | Ministerio de Inclusión, Seguridad Social y Migraciones. 
(2023, January 9). Resolución de la Secretaria de Estado de Migraciones, de 9 de enero de 2023, por la que se 
adopta el sistema de indicadores para la planificación del itinerario de acogida y la prestación de condiciones 
reforzadas de acogida [Resolution of the Secretary of State for Migration, of January 9, 2023, which adopts the 
system of indicators for planning the reception itinerary and the provision of enhanced reception conditions]. 
https://sede.inclusion.gob.es/documents/387478/1674612/Resolucion_sistema_indicadores.pdf/ace64769-5fc1-
90f9-3e4b-16a267498b3a?t=1675330215522  

Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migrations | Ministerio de Inclusión, Seguridad Social y Migraciones. 
(2023, April 18). Inclusión y ACNUR extienden el protocolo de actuación sobre violencia de género a los centros 
de atención humanitaria [Inclusion and UNHCR extend the action protocol on gender violence to humanitarian 
care centers]. https://www.inclusion.gob.es/w/inclusion-y-acnur-extienden-el-protocolo-de-actuacion-sobre-
violencia-de-genero-a-los-centros-de-atencion-humanitaria  

Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migrations | Ministerio de Inclusión, Seguridad Social y Migraciones. 
(2023, April 28). La Secretaría de Estado de Migraciones firma un protocolo con Tragsa y entidades del tercer 
sector para facilitar el acceso al mercado de laboral de los migrantes [The Secretary of State for Migration signs a 
protocol with Tragsa and third sector entities to facilitate access to the labour market for migrants]. 
https://www.inclusion.gob.es/w/la-secretaria-de-estado-de-migraciones-firma-un-protocolo-con-tragsa-y-entidades-
del-tercer-sector-para-facilitar-el-acceso-al-mercado-de-laboral-de-los-migrantes  

50 

 
 
SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migrations | Ministerio de Inclusión, Seguridad Social y Migraciones. 
(2024, January 9). El Gobierno aprueba el Programa Nacional de Reasentamiento de Refugiados en España para 
2024 por el que se acogerá a 1.200 personas [The Government approves the National Refugee Resettlement 
Program in Spain for 2024, which will welcome 1,200 people]. https://www.inclusion.gob.es/w/el-gobierno-
aprueba-el-programa-nacional-de-reasentamiento-de-refugiados-en-espana-para-2024-por-el-que-se-acogera-a-
1.200-personas  

Ministry of the Interior | Ministerio del Interior. (2024, May 15). Oficina de Asilo y Refugio [Asylum and Refugee 
Office]. https://proteccion-asilo.interior.gob.es/es/inicio/  

Ombudsperson | Defensor Del Pueblo. (2023, July 7). Visita a la Sala de asilo del Aeropuerto Madrid-Barajas 
Adolfo Suárez (Madrid) [Visit to the Asylum Room at the Madrid-Barajas Adolfo Suárez Airport (Madrid)]. 
https://www.defensordelpueblo.es/resoluciones/visita-a-la-sala-de-asilo-del-aeropuerto-madrid-barajas-adolfo-
suarez-madrid/  

Ombudsperson | Defensor Del Pueblo. (2023, August 23). Visita a la Sala de asilo del Aeropuerto Madrid-Barajas 
Adolfo Suárez (Madrid) [Visit to the Asylum Room at the Madrid-Barajas Adolfo Suárez Airport (Madrid)]. 
https://www.defensordelpueblo.es/resoluciones/visita-a-la-sala-de-asilo-del-aeropuerto-madrid-barajas-adolfo-
suarez-madrid-2/  

Ombudsperson | Defensor Del Pueblo. (2023, August 23). Visita a la Sala de inadmitidos T1 y T4 satélite, del 
Aeropuerto Madrid-Barajas Adolfo Suárez [Visit to the Inadmissible Room T1 and T4 satellite, at the Madrid-
Barajas Adolfo Suárez Airport]. https://www.defensordelpueblo.es/resoluciones/visita-a-la-sala-de-inadmitidos-t1-y-
t4-satelite-del-aeropuerto-madrid-barajas-adolfo-suarez/  

Ombudsperson | Defensor Del Pueblo. (2023, October 18). El Defensor del Pueblo insta a las administraciones a 
redoblar los recursos para mejorar la acogida de las personas migrantes de la ruta Canaria [The Ombudsman 
urges administrations to redouble resources to improve the reception of migrants on the Canary Islands route]. 
https://www.defensordelpueblo.es/noticias/la-adjunta-segunda-la-isla-canaria-hierro/  

Ombudsperson | Defensor Del Pueblo. (2023, November 30). Visita a la Sala de asilo del Aeropuerto Madrid-
Barajas Adolfo Suárez (Madrid) [Visit to the Asylum Room at the Madrid-Barajas Adolfo Suárez Airport (Madrid)]. 
https://www.defensordelpueblo.es/resoluciones/visita-a-la-sala-de-asilo-del-aeropuerto-madrid-barajas-adolfo-
suarez-madrid-3/  

Ombudsperson | Defensor Del Pueblo. (2023, December 29). Autorización de entrada excepcional por razones 
humanitarias en territorio nacional de personas en necesidad de protección o con necesidades específicas 
[Authorization for exceptional entry for humanitarian reasons into national territory for people in need of 
protection or with specific needs]. https://www.defensordelpueblo.es/resoluciones/autorizacion-de-entrada-
excepcional-por-razones-humanitarias-en-territorio-nacional-de-personas-en-necesidad-de-proteccion-o-con-
necesidades-especificas/  

Spanish Ombudsperson | Defensor Del Pueblo. (2023, June 27). Asignación de un recurso de acogida en materia 
de protección internacional [Assignment of a reception resource in the field of international protection]. 
https://www.defensordelpueblo.es/resoluciones/asignacion-de-un-recurso-de-acogida-en-materia-de-proteccion-
internacional/  

Spanish Ombudsperson | Defensor Del Pueblo. (2023, July 3). Regulación del sistema de acogida en materia de 
protección internacional [Regulation of the reception system in the field of international protection.]. 
https://www.defensordelpueblo.es/resoluciones/regulacion-del-sistema-de-acogida-en-materia-de-proteccion-
internacional/  

Spanish Ombudsperson | Defensor Del Pueblo. (2024, March 22). Informe anual 2023 [2023 Annual Report]. 
https://www.defensordelpueblo.es/noticias/informe-anual-2023/  

Sweden 

National Board of Forensic Medicine | Rättsmedicinalverket. (2023). Medicinsk åldersbedömning – så här går det 
till [Medical age assessment – this is how it goes]. https://www.rmv.se/wp-content/uploads/Broschyr-Medicinska-
%C3%A5ldersbed%C3%B6mningar.pdf  

Parliamentary Ombudsman | Riksdagens Ombudsmän |. (2023, April 17). JO uppmärksammar allvarliga brister i 
förvaret i Mölndal [Ombudsman draws attention to serious shortcomings in the detention center in Mölndal] [Press 
release]. https://www.jo.se/pressmeddelande/jo-uppmarksammar-allvarliga-brister-i-forvaret-i-molndal-2/  

51 

 
EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

Swedish Government Office | Regeringskansliet. (2023, June 1). En översyn av vissa frågor om offentliga biträden 
[A review of certain issues of public assistance]. Ds 2023:14. https://www.regeringen.se/rattsliga-
dokument/departementsserien-och-promemorior/2023/06/ds-202314/  

Swedish Government Office | Regeringskansliet. (2023, July 3). Remiss av Ds 2023:14 En översyn av vissa frågor 
om offentliga biträden [Referral by Ds 2023:14 A review of certain issues concerning public assistants]. 
Diarienummer: Ju2023/01353. https://www.regeringen.se/remisser/2023/07/remiss-av-ds-202314-en-oversyn-av-
vissa-fragor-om-offentliga-bitraden/  

Swedish Government Office, Department of Justice | Regeringskansliet, Justitiedepartementet. (May 2023). En 
översyn av vissa frågor om offentliga biträden [A review of certain issues of public assistance]. Ds 2023:14. 
https://www.regeringen.se/contentassets/af3e12acceb54ef28e93ae685f777338/en-oversyn-av-vissa-fragor-om-
offentliga-bitraden-ds-202314.pdf  

Swedish Migration Agency | Migrationsverket. (2023). Färre kvotflyktingar till Sverige [Fewer quota refugees to 
Sweden]. https://www.migrationsverket.se/Om-Migrationsverket/Pressrum/Nyhetsarkiv/Nyhetsarkiv-2023/2023-07-
03-Farre-kvotflyktingar-till-Sverige.html  

Swedish Migration Agency | Migrationsverket. (2023, March 9). Fler fall av misstänkt människohandel identifierade 
2022 [More cases of suspected human trafficking identified in 2022]. https://www.migrationsverket.se/Om-
Migrationsverket/Pressrum/Nyhetsarkiv/Nyhetsarkiv-2023/2023-03-09-Fler-fall-av-misstankt-manniskohandel-
identifierade-2022.html  

Swedish Migration Agency | Migrationsverket. (2023, March 27). Migrationsverkets svar på utkast till lagrådsremiss 
Vissa skärpta villkor för anhöriginvandring och begränsade möjligheter till uppehållstillstånd av humanitära skäl 
[The Swedish Migration Agency's response to the draft referral to the Council on Legislation: Certain stricter 
conditions for family reunification and limited opportunities for residence permits on humanitarian grounds]. 
https://www.migrationsverket.se/download/18.4cda87071866b3f3f2d173f/1680262857643/Migrationsverkets%20s
var%20p%C3%A5%20utkast%20till%20lagr%C3%A5dsremiss%20Vissa%20sk%C3%A4rpta%20villkor%20f%C3%B
6r%20anh%C3%B6riginvandring%20och%20begr%C3%A4nsade%20m%C3%B6jligheter%20till%20uppeh%C3%A5
llstillst%C3%A5nd%20av%20humanit%C3%A4ra%20sk%C3%A4l%20(Ert%20dnr%20Ju202300.pdf  

Swedish Migration Agency | Migrationsverket. (2023, March 27). Rättsligt ställningstagande. Bedömning av 
statslöshet som en del av en persons identitet - RS/003/2023 [Legal position. Assessment of statelessness as part 
of a person's identity - RS/003/2023]. https://lifos.migrationsverket.se/dokument?documentSummaryId=47299  

Swedish Migration Agency | Migrationsverket. (2023, March 31). Vissa svårig­heter med att tillämpa ändrade regler 
för anhö­ri­gin­vand­ring [Some difficulties in applying changed rules for family reunification]. 
https://www.migrationsverket.se/Om-Migrationsverket/Pressrum/Nyhetsarkiv/Nyhetsarkiv-2023/2023-03-31-Vissa-
svarigheter-med-att-tillampa-andrade-regler-for-anhoriginvandring.html  

Swedish Migration Agency | Migrationsverket. (2023, April 19). Migra­tions­ver­kets service på fler stat­liga 
service­kontor [The Swedish Migration Agency's services at several government service offices]. 
https://www.migrationsverket.se/Om-Migrationsverket/Pressrum/Nyhetsarkiv/Nyhetsarkiv-2023/2023-04-19-
Migrationsverkets-service-pa-fler-statliga-servicekontor.html  

Swedish Migration Agency | Migrationsverket. (2023, April 20). Migra­tions­verket hemställer om lagänd­ring för 
poten­ti­ella säker­hetshot [Swedish Migration Agency requests legislative change for potential security threats]. 
https://www.migrationsverket.se/Om-Migrationsverket/Pressrum/Nyhetsarkiv/Nyhetsarkiv-2023/2023-04-20-
Migrationsverket-hemstaller-om-lagandring-for-potentiella-sakerhetshot.html  

Swedish Migration Agency | Migrationsverket. (2023, April 26). Verk­stäl­lig­hetss­topp till Sudan [Suspension of 
returns to Sudan]. https://www.migrationsverket.se/Privatpersoner/Skydd-och-asyl-i-Sverige/Nyhetsarkiv/2023-04-
26-Verkstallighetsstopp-till-Sudan.html  

Swedish Migration Agency | Migrationsverket. (2023, October 10). Migrationsverkets service på fler statliga 
servicekontor [The Swedish Migration Agency's services at several government service offices]. 
https://www.migrationsverket.se/Om-Migrationsverket/Pressrum/Nyhetsarkiv/Nyhetsarkiv-2023/2023-10-10-
Migrationsverkets-service-pa-fler-statliga-servicekontor.html  

Swedish Migration Agency | Migrationsverket. (2023, November 24). Landinformation: Nicaragua. Situationen för 
personer som uppfattas som oppositionella (version 1.0) [Country information: Nicaragua. The situation of people 
perceived as oppositional (version 1.0)]. https://lifos.migrationsverket.se/dokument?documentSummaryId=47848  

52 

SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

Swedish Migration Agency | Migrationsverket. (2023, November 27). Rättsligt ställningstagande. Prövning av 
skyddsbehov för medborgare från Jemen - RS/076/2021 (version 3.0) [Legal position. Protection needs 
assessment for nationals from Yemen - RS/076/2021 (version 3.0)]. 
https://lifos.migrationsverket.se/dokument?documentSummaryId=47860  

Swedish Migration Agency | Migrationsverket. (2023, December 8). Rättsligt ställningstagande. Förutsättningar för 
att återkalla en skyddsstatusförklaring - RS/054/2021 (version 5.0) [Legal position. Conditions for revoking a 
protection status - RS/054/2021 (Version 5.0)]. 
https://lifos.migrationsverket.se/dokument?documentSummaryId=47878  

Swedish Migration Agency | Migrationsverket. (2023, December 13). Redovisning av uppdragen i regleringsbreven 
för 2022 och 2023 om plan för utökad förvarskapacitet och ytterligare förvarsplatser[Report on the assignments 
in the appropriation directions for 2022 and 2023 on a plan for increased detention capacity and additional 
detention places]. Diarienummer 1.1.1.2-2023-17747. 
https://www.migrationsverket.se/download/18.4c7eaf2b18c0cb20e1ef45/1702543415198/Redovisning_regleringsbr
evsuppdrag_utokning_av_forvarsplatser.pdf  

Swedish Migration Agency | Migrationsverket. (2024, March 25). JO-kritik mot förvars­verk­sam­heten i Mölndal 
[Ombudsman's criticism of detention operations in Mölndal] [Press release]. https://www.migrationsverket.se/Om-
Migrationsverket/Pressrum/Nyhetsarkiv/Nyhetsarkiv-2023/2023-04-18-JO-kritik-mot-forvarsverksamheten-i-
Molndal.html  

Swedish Migration Agency | Migrationsverket. (2024, March 27). Ny dom bekräftar Migrationsverkets rätt att sänka 
dagersättning [New ruling confirms the Swedish Migration Agency's right to reduce daily allowance] [Press 
release]. https://www.migrationsverket.se/Om-Migrationsverket/Pressrum/Nyhetsarkiv/Nyhetsarkiv-2023/2023-01-
25-Ny-dom-bekraftar-Migrationsverkets-ratt-att-sanka-dagersattning.html  

Switzerland 

Federal Council | Der Bundesrat | Conseil fédéral | Consiglio federale. (2023, November 22). Abrogation de 
l’ordonnance sur les mesures prises dans le domaine de l’asile en raison du coronavirus [Repeal of the Ordinance 
on measures taken in the field of asylum due to coronavirus]. 
https://www.admin.ch/gov/fr/accueil/documentation/communiques.msg-id-98763.html  

Federal Ministry for the Interior and Community | Bundesministerium des Innern und für Heimat. (2023, November 
2). Border checks at Germany’s land borders with Poland, the Czech Republic and Switzerland [Press release]. 
https://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/pressemitteilungen/EN/2023/10/notifizierung-bgk.html  

Federal Office for Gender Equality | Eidgenössisches Büro für die Gleichstellung. (2024, May 15). Schulung 
Mitarbeitende der Bundesasylzentren im Rahmen des Gewaltpräventionskonzepts und Schulung der 
Mitarbeitenden in der Opfererkennung und Unterstützung im Rahmen des Leitfadens «Personen mit besonderen 
Bedürfnissen» [Training of staff of the Federal Asylum Centres as part of the violence prevention concept and 
training of staff in victim identification and support within the framework of the guideline "Persons with special 
needs"]. https://www.gleichstellung2030.ch/de/nap-ik-28  

State Secretariat for Migration | Staatssekretariat für Migration | Secrétariat d’État aux migrations | Segreteria di 
Stato della migrazione. (2023, April 26). Le Conseil fédéral prend des dispositions pour gérer le nombre croissant 
de demandes d’asile [The Federal Council is taking steps to deal with the growing number of asylum applications]. 
https://www.sem.admin.ch/sem/fr/home/sem/medien/mm.msg-id-94622.html  

State Secretariat for Migration | Staatssekretariat für Migration | Secrétariat d’État aux migrations | Segreteria di 
Stato della migrazione. (2023, August 25). Les cantons mettent à disposition des places d’hébergement 
supplémentaires pour les requérants d’asile [The cantons provide additional accommodation places for asylum 
seekers]. https://www.sem.admin.ch/sem/fr/home/sem/medien/mm.msg-id-97485.html  

State Secretariat for Migration | Staatssekretariat für Migration | Secrétariat d’État aux migrations | Segreteria di 
Stato della migrazione. (2023, September 26). Afghanistan Crisis: Key Information. 
https://www.sem.admin.ch/sem/en/home/asyl/afghanistan.html#-471856565  

State Secretariat for Migration | Staatssekretariat für Migration | Secrétariat d’État aux migrations | Segreteria di 
Stato della migrazione. (2024, January 10). Resettlement. 
https://www.sem.admin.ch/sem/en/home/asyl/resettlement.html  

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EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

State Secretariat for Migration | Staatssekretariat für Migration | Secrétariat d’État aux migrations | Segreteria di 
Stato della migrazione. (2024, March 1). Procédure d’asile en 24 heures [Asylum procedure in 24 hours]. 
https://www.sem.admin.ch/sem/fr/home/sem/aktuell/24h-verfahren.html  

State Secretariat for Migration | Staatssekretariat für Migration | Secrétariat d’État aux migrations | Segreteria di 
Stato della migrazione. (2024, May 15). Préapprentissage d’intégration : niveau de satisfaction élevé et légère 
baisse du nombre de participants [Integration pre-apprenticeship: high level of satisfaction and slight decrease in 
the number of participants]. https://www.admin.ch/gov/fr/accueil/documentation/communiques.msg-id-92750.html  

54 

 
SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

4. Legislation 

Austria 

Bundesgesetz über das Verfahren der Verwaltungsgerichte (Verwaltungsgerichtsverfahrensgesetz – VwGVG) 
[Federal Act on Proceedings of Administrative Courts (Proceedings of Administrative Courts Act – VwGVG)] (2023). 
https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/Erv/ERV_2013_1_33/ERV_2013_1_33.pdf  

Belgium 

Arrêté royal du 7 avril 2023 portant exécution de l'article 57/6/1, § 3, alinéa 4, de la loi du 15 décembre 1980 sur 
l'accès au territoire, le séjour, l'établissement et l'éloignement des étrangers, établissant la liste des pays d'origine 
sûrs [Royal decree of 7 April 2023, implementing article 57/6/1(3) 4) of the Law of 15 December 1980 on access to 
the territory, residence, settlement and removal of foreigners, establishing a list of safe countries of origin], April 7, 
2023. https://www.ejustice.just.fgov.be/eli/arrete/2023/04/07/2023041862/moniteur  

Croatia 

Zakon o izmjenama i dopunama Zakona o međunarodnoj i privremenoj zaštiti [Act on Amendments to the Law on 
International and Temporary Protection], March 22, 2023. https://narodne-
novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2023_03_33_581.html  

Zakon o izmjenama i dopunama Zakona o međunarodnoj i privremenoj zaštiti [Law on Amendments to the Law on 
International and Temporary Protection], March 22, 2023. https://narodne-
novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2023_03_33_581.html  

Odluka o najmu stanova (Službeni glasnik Grada Zagreba 32/23) Zaključak o visini najamnine za stanove kojima 
upravlja Grad Zagreb (Službeni glasnik Grada Zagreba 34/23) [Decision on renting apartments (Official Gazette of 
the City of Zagreb 32/23) Conclusion on the amount of rent for apartments managed by the City of Zagreb (Official 
Gazette of the City of Zagreb 34/23)], October 19, 2023. https://www.zagreb.hr/davanje-stanova-u-najam/2085  

Pravilnik o dopunama Pravilnika o boravku u prihvatnom centru za strance i načinu izračuna troškova prisilnog 
udaljenja [Ordinance supplementing the Ordinance on the stay in the reception centre for foreigners and the 
method of calculating the cost of forced removal], November 15, 2023. https://narodne-
novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2023_11_137_1863.html  

Cyprus 

Αριθμός 86(Ι) του 2023 Νομοσ Που Τροποποιει Τουσ Περι Προσφυγων Νομουσ Του 2000 Εωσ 2022 [Number 
86(I) of 2023 an Act to amend the Refugee Laws of 2000 to 2022], January 2023. 
https://www.cylaw.org/nomoi/arith/2023_1_086.pdf  

Νομος που τροποποιεί τους περί της Ίδρυσης και Λειτουργίας Διοικητικού Δικαστηρίου Διεθνούς Προστασίας 
Νόμους του 2018 έως (Αρ.3) του 2020, (Τροποποιητικός) Νόμος του 2023, Αρ. 30(Ι)/2023 [Amendment Ν. 
30(Ι)/2023 of the Laws on establishment and operation of Administrative Court for International Protection], May 19, 
2023. http://www.cylaw.org/nomoi/arith/2023_1_030.pdf  

Czechia 

Vyhláška č. 328/2015 Sb. Vyhláška, kterou se provádí zákon o azylu a zákon o dočasné ochraně cizinců [Decree 
No. 328/2015 Coll. Decree implementing the Act on Asylum and the Act on Temporary Protection of Foreigners], 
December 9, 2015. https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/2015-328/zneni-20231001  

Zákon č. 173/2023 Sb. Zákon, kterým se mění zákon č. 325/1999 Sb., o azylu, ve znění pozdějších předpisů, zákon 
č. 326/1999 Sb., o pobytu cizinců na území České republiky a o změně některých zákonů, ve znění pozdějších 
předpisů, a další související zákony [Act No. 173/2023 Coll. Act amending Act No. 325/1999 Coll., on asylum, as 
amended, Act No. 326/1999 Coll., on the residence of foreigners in the territory of the Czech Republic and 
amending certain laws, as amended, and others related law], June 21, 2023. https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/2023-
173/zneni-20240101#cast10  

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Denmark 

L 41 Forslag til lov om ændring af lov om midlertidig opholdstilladelse til personer, der i Afghanistan har bistået 
danske myndigheder m.v [L 41 Proposal for a law amending the law on temporary residence permits for persons 
who have assisted Danish authorities etc. in Afghanistan] (2023). 
https://www.ft.dk/samling/20231/lovforslag/l41/index.htm  

France 

Instruction du 19 avril 2023 relative au pilotage du parc d’hébergement des demandeurs d’asile et des réfugiés en 
2023 [Instruction of 19 April 2023 on the piloting of the reception capacity for asylum seekers and refugees in 
2023], April 19, 2023. https://media.interieur.gouv.fr/bomi/BOMI2023-5-
2/textes/D00_20230419_IOMV2305068J.pdf  

Priorités pour 2024 de la politique d’intégration des étrangers primo-arrivants, dont les personnes réfugiées 
[Priorities for 2024 of the integration policy for newly arrived foreigners, including refugees], March 26, 2024. 
https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/download/pdf/circ?id=45543  

Germany 

Gesetz zur Beschleunigung der Asylgerichtsverfahren und Asylverfahren vom 21 Dezember 2022 [Law to 
accelerate asylum court procedures and asylum procedures of December 21, 2022], December 21, 2022. 
https://www.bgbl.de/xaver/bgbl/start.xav#__bgbl__%2F%2F*%5B%40attr_id%3D%27bgbl122s2817.pdf%27%5D__1
712065514579  

Gesetz zur Einführung eines Chancen-Aufenthaltsrechts [Law to introduce an opportunity residence right], 
December 31, 2022. https://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/gesetzgebungsverfahren/DE/chancen-
aufenthaltsrecht.html  

Entwurf eines Gesetz zur Modernisierung des Staatsangehörigkeitsrechts (StARModG) [Draft of a Law to 
Modernise Nationality Law (StARModG)] (2023). https://dserver.bundestag.de/btd/20/090/2009044.pdf  

Greece 

Κύρωση Κώδικα Νομοθεσίας για την υποδοχή, τη διεθνή προστασία πολιτών τρίτων χωρών και ανιθαγενών και 
την προσωρινή προστασία σε περίπτωση μαζικής εισροής εκτοπισθέντων αλλοδαπών [Law No 4939/ 10 January 
2022 on reception, the international protection of citizens of third countries and stateless persons and temporary 
protection in the event of a mass influx of displaced foreigners], June 12, 2022. https://migration.gov.gr/wp-
content/uploads/2022/07/%CE%A6%CE%95%CE%9A-%CE%91-111-2022.pdf  

Προεδρικο διαταγμα υπ’ αριθμ. 77, Σύσταση Υπουργείου και μετονομασία Υπουργείων – Σύσταση, κατάργηση 
και μετονομασία Γενικών και Ειδικών Γραμματειών – Μεταφορά αρμοδιοτήτων, υπηρεσιακών μονάδων, θέσεων 
προσωπικού και εποπτευόμενων φορέων [Presidential Decree No. 77 Establishment of a Ministry and renaming of 
Ministries – Establishment, abolition and renaming General and Special Secretariats - Transfer responsibilities, 
service units, positions personnel and supervised entities], June 27, 2023. 
https://www.et.gr/api/DownloadFeksApi/?fek_pdf=20230100130  

Υπ. Απόφαση 527235/2023 [Ministerial Decision 527235/2023], December 1, 2023. 
https://www.kodiko.gr/nomothesia/document/929331/yp.-apofasi-527235-2023  

Iceland 

Lög um breytingu á lögum um útlendinga, nr. 80/2016 (alþjóðleg vernd) [Act amending the Act on Aliens, no. 
80/2016 (international protection)., March 27, 2023. https://www.althingi.is/altext/stjt/2023.014.html  

Italy 

Decreto-Legge 10 marzo 2023, n. 20 Disposizioni urgenti in materia di flussi di ingresso legale dei lavoratori 
stranieri e di prevenzione e contrasto all'immigrazione irregolare, convertito con modificazioni dalla L. 5 maggio 
2023, n. 50 [Decree-Law No 20 of 10 March 2023 on the legal entry of foreign workers and on preventing and 
combating irregular immigration, converted with amendments by Law No 50 of 5 May 2023], March 10, 2023. 
https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/atto/serie_generale/caricaDettaglioAtto/originario?atto.dataPubblicazioneGazzetta=
2023-03-10&atto.codiceRedazionale=23G00030&elenco30giorni=true  

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SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

Decreto-Legge 10 marzo 2023, n. 20, Disposizioni urgenti in materia di flussi di ingresso legale dei lavoratori 
stranieri e di prevenzione e contrasto all'immigrazione irregolare [Legislative Decree No 20 of 10 March 2023 
Urgent provisions on legal flows of foreign workers and on preventing and combating irregular immigration] 
(2023). 
https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/atto/serie_generale/caricaDettaglioAtto/originario?atto.dataPubblicazioneGazzetta=
2023-03-10&atto.codiceRedazionale=23G00030&elenco30giorni=true  

Decreto 17 marzo 2023 Aggiornamento periodico della lista dei Paesi di origine sicuri per i richiedenti protezione 
internazionale [Decree 17 March 2023 Periodic updating of the list of safe countries of origin for applicants for 
international protection], March 17, 2023. https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/id/2023/03/25/23A01952/sg  

LEGGE 5 maggio 2023, n. 50, Conversione in legge, con modificazioni, del decreto-legge 10 marzo 2023, n. 20, 
recante disposizioni urgenti in materia di flussi di ingresso legale dei lavoratori stranieri e di prevenzione e 
contrasto all'immigrazione irregolare. (23G00058)[ Law No 50 of 5 May 2023 Conversion into law, with 
amendments, of Decree-Law No 20 of 10 March 2023 laying down urgent provisions on the flows of legal entry of 
foreign workers and the prevention and fight against irregular immigration. (23G00058)], May 5, 2023. 
https://www.gazzettaufficiale.it/eli/id/2023/05/05/23G00058/sg  

Disegno di legge S. 995, Ratifica ed esecuzione del Protocollo tra il Governo della Repubblica italiana e il 
Consiglio dei ministri della Repubblica di Albania per il rafforzamento della collaborazione in materia migratoria, 
fatto a Roma il 6 novembre 2023, nonché norme di coordinamento con l'ordinamento interno [Bills, Senate Act n. 
995, Ratification and execution of the Protocol between the Government of the Italian Republic and the Council of 
Ministers of the Republic of Albania for the strengthening of collaboration in migration matters, done in Rome on 6 
November 2023, as well as coordination rules with the internal legal system], February 15, 2024. 
https://www.senato.it/leg/19/BGT/Schede/Ddliter/57883.html  

Lithuania 

Įstatymo Dėl užsieniečių teisinės padėties [Draft amendment on the Law on the Legal Status of Foreigners], 
January 13, 2023. https://e-
seimas.lrs.lt/portal/legalAct/lt/TAP/927284f0930d11edb55e9d42c1579bdf?positionInSearchResults=55&searchMo
delUUID=cda4b8df-51f8-41e7-99bd-402f9c15d8be  

Lietuvos Respublikos įstatymo „Dėl užsieniečių teisinės padėties“ Nr. IX-2206 5, 79, 113, 115, 125, 126, 130-1, 140-8, 
140-10, 140-13, 140-14 ir 140-19 straipsnių pakeitimo įstatymas [Law on the Amendment of Articles 5, 79, 113, 115, 125, 
126, 130-1, 140-8, 140-10, 140-10, 140-13, 140-14 and 140-19 of the Law of the Republic of Lithuania "On the Legal 
Status of Aliens" No IX-2206], December 19, 2023. https://www.e-
tar.lt/portal/lt/legalAct/26bb8760a62c11eea5a28c81c82193a8  

Valstybės sienos ir jos apsaugos įstatymo [Draft amendment on the State Border Act] (2024). https://e-
seimas.lrs.lt/portal/legalAct/lt/TAK/67e42910930c11edb55e9d42c1579bdf?positionInSearchResults=58&searchMod
elUUID=cda4b8df-51f8-41e7-99bd-402f9c15d8be  

Luxembourg 

Loi du 20 juillet 2023 portant modification de la loi modifiée du 18 décembre 2015 relative à la protection 
internationale et à la protection temporaire [Law of 20 July 2023 amending the amended Act of 18 December 2015 
on international protection and temporary protection] (2023). 
https://legilux.public.lu/eli/etat/leg/loi/2023/07/20/a445/jo  

Loi du 7 août 2023 portant modification :1. du Code du travail; 2. de la loi modifiée du 29 août 2008 sur la libre 
circulation des personnes et l’immigration; 3. de la loi modifiée du 18 décembre 2015 relative à l’accueil des 
demandeurs de protection internationale et de protection temporaire [Law of 7 August 2023 amending: 1.the 
Labour Code; 2. the amended Act of 29 August 2008 on the Free Movement of Persons and Immigration; 3. of the 
amended law of 18 December 2015 on the reception of applicants for international protection and temporary 
protection.] (2023). https://legilux.public.lu/eli/etat/leg/loi/2023/08/07/a556/jo  

Malta 

Detention Service Regularions, Subsidiary Legislation 217.19, Legal Notice 16 of 2016, as amended by Legal Notice 
330 of 2020, January 15, 2016. https://legislation.mt/eli/sl/217.19/eng  

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EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

Poland 

Projekt rozporządzenia Ministra Spraw Wewnętrznych i Administracji w sprawie wysokości pomocy dla 
cudzoziemców ubiegających się o udzielenie ochrony międzynarodowej [ Draft Regulation of the Minister of the 
Interior and Administration on the amount of aid for foreigners applying for international protection], June 14, 2023. 
https://legislacja.rcl.gov.pl/projekt/12373504  

Romania 

Emergency Ordinance No 35 of 17 May 2023 for the amendment of normative acts regarding the field of 
foreigners and asylum in Romania [Ordonanta de Urgenta nr 35 din 17 mai 2023 pentru modificarea și completarea 
unor acte normative privind domeniul străinilor și azilului în România]. 
https://legislatie.just.ro/Public/DetaliiDocumentAfis/270497  

Slovakia 

151/2022 Z. z. Časová verzia predpisu účinná od 01.06.2023 [151/2022 Coll. Temporary version of the regulation 
effective from 01.06.2023], April 27, 2022. https://www.slov-lex.sk/pravne-predpisy/SK/ZZ/2022/151/  

Slovenia 

Uredba o načinu zagotavljanja ustrezne nastanitve, oskrbe in obravnave mladoletnikov brez spremstva [Regulation 
on the method of ensuring adequate accommodation, care and treatment of unaccompanied minors], October 13, 
2023. https://pisrs.si/pregledPredpisa?id=URED8883  

Spain 

Ley 12/2023, de 24 de mayo, por el derecho a la vivienda [Law 12/2023, of 24 May, on the right to housing], May 
26, 2023. https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2023-12203  

Lei n.º 41/2023, de 10 de agosto [Law No. 41/2023, of August 10] (2023). 
https://diariodarepublica.pt/dr/detalhe/lei/41-2023-217571941  

Real Decreto 1009/2023, de 5 de diciembre, por el que se establece la estructura orgánica básica de los 
departamentos ministeriales [Royal Decree 1009/2023 of 5 December establishing the basic organisational 
structure of ministerial departments], December 5, 2023. https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2023-
24842  

Orden ISM/922/2023, de 6 de julio, por la que se desarrolla el régimen disciplinario del sistema de acogida en 
materia de protección internacional [Order ISM/922/2023, of July 6, 2023, which develops the disciplinary regime 
of the reception system in matters of international protection.] (2024). 
https://www.boe.es/diario_boe/txt.php?id=BOE-A-2023-17809  

58 

SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

5. Case law 

Please consult the EUAA Case Law Database for a detailed overview on decisions and 
judgments related to international protection pronounced by national courts of EU+ countries, 
the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU), the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), the UN 
Committee on the Rights of the Child (UN CRC) and UN Committee on the Rights of Persons 
with Disabilities (UN CRPD).  

The database serves as a centralised platform on jurisprudential developments related to 
asylum, and cases are available in the Latest updates (last ten cases by date of registration), 
Digest of cases (all registered cases presented chronologically by the date of 
pronouncement) and the Search bar (for searching cases for example by country, by topic, by 
court or by a certain period). 

European Union Agency for Asylum. (2023, March 15). Quarterly Overview of Asylum Case Law. Issue 1/2023. 
https://caselaw.euaa.europa.eu/Newsletters/2023_EUAA_Quarterly_Overview_Asylum_Case_Law_Issue1.pdf  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (2023, June 15). Quarterly Overview of Asylum Case Law. Issue 2/2023. 
https://caselaw.euaa.europa.eu/Newsletters/2023_EUAA_Quarterly_Overview_Asylum_Case_Law_Issue2_EN.pdf  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (2023, September 15). Quarterly Overview of Asylum Case Law. Issue 3/2023. 
https://caselaw.euaa.europa.eu/Newsletters/2023_EUAA_Quarterly_Overview_Asylum_Case_Law_Issue3_EN.pdf  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (2023, December 15). Quarterly Overview of Asylum Case Law. Issue 4/2023. 
https://caselaw.euaa.europa.eu/Newsletters/2023_EUAA_Quarterly_Overview_Asylum_Case_Law_Issue4_EN.pdf  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (2024, January 15). Quarterly Overview of Asylum Case Law. Issue 1/2024. 
https://caselaw.euaa.europa.eu/Newsletters/2024_EUAA_Quarterly_Overview_Asylum_Case_Law_Issue1_EN.pdf  

European Union Agency for Asylum. (2024, June 17). Quarterly Overview of Asylum Case Law. Issue 2/2024. 
https://caselaw.euaa.europa.eu/Newsletters/2024_EUAA_Quarterly_Overview_Asylum_Case_Law_Issue2_EN.pdf  

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EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

6. Submissions to the Asylum Report 2024 

aditus foundation. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 2024. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/aditus_foundation.pdf  

Arca di Noè Società Cooperativa Sociale | Arca di Noe Social Cooperative Society. (2023, November 30). Input to 
the Asylum Report 2024. https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-
02/arca_di_noe_societa_cooperativa_sociale.pdf  

Association for Juridical Studies on Immigration | Associazione per gli Studi Giuridici sull'Immigrazione. (2023, 
November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 2024. https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-
02/association_for_juridical_studies_on_immigration_asgi.pdf  

Association for Legal Intervention I Stowarzyszenia Interwencji Prawnej. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum 
Report 2024. https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-03/Association_for_legal_intervention.pdf  

Asylex. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 2024. https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-
02/asylex.pdf  

Asylos. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 2024. https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-
02/asylos.pdf  

Asylum Protection Centre. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 2024. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/asylum_protection_center.pdf  

Border Violence Monitoring Network. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 2024. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/border_violence_monitoring_network.pdf  

Centre of Migration Research, University of Warsaw and SGH Warsaw School of Economics. (2023, November 30). 
Input to the Asylum Report 2024. https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-
02/centre_of_migration_research_university_of_warsaw.pdf  

Convive - Foundation Cepaim | Convive - Fundación Cepaim. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 
2024. https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/convive_fundacion_cepaim.pdf  

Council on Refugee Women in Bulgaria. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 2024. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/council_on_refugee_women_in_bulgaria.pdf  

Equal Legal Aid. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 2024. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/equal_legal_aid.pdf  

Estonian Refugee Council | Eesti Pagulasabi. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 2024. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/estonian_refugee_council.pdf  

European Council on Refugees and Exiles. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 2024. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/european_council_on_refugees_and_exiles_ecre.pdf  

European Network of Migrant Women. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 2024. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/european_network_of_migrant_women.pdf  

European Network on Statelessness. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 2024. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/european_network_on_statelessness.pdf  

Forum réfugiés. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 2024. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/forum_refugies.pdf  

Greek Council for Refugees | Ελληνικό Συμβούλιο για τους Πρόσφυγες. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum 
Report 2024. https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/greek_council_for_refugees.pdf  

Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights | Helsińska Fundacja Praw Człowieka. (2023, November 30). Input to the 
Asylum Report 2024. https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/helsinki_foundation_for_human_rights.pdf  

Hungarian Helsinki Committee | Magyar Helsinki Bizottság. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 
2024. https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/hungarian_helsinki_committee.pdf  

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SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

International Rescue Committee Hellas. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 2024. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/international_rescue_committee_irc_hellas.pdf  

International Rescue Committee Italy. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 2024. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/international_rescue_committee_irc_italy.pdf  

Irish Refugee Council. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 2024. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/irish_refugee_council.pdf  

Jesuit Refugee Service Malta. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 2024. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/jesuit_refugee_service_jrs_malta.pdf  

Lithuanian Red Cross Society | Lietuvos Raudonojo Kryziaus. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 
2024. https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/lithuanian_red_cross_society.pdf  

Macedonian Young Lawyers Association. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 2024. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/macedonian_young_lawyers_association.pdf  

Malta Refugee Council. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 2024. 

Migrant Integration Center – Brasov. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 2024. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/migrant_integration_center_brasov.pdf  

Migrant Offshore Aid Station. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 2024. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/migrant_offshore_aid_station_moas.pdf  

NANSEN, the Belgian refugee council. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 2024. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/nansen_the_belgian_refugee_council.pdf  

Network for Children's Rights | Δίκτυο για τα Δικαιώματα του Παιδιού. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum 
Report 2024. https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/network_for_childrens_rights.pdf  

Nidos. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 2024. https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-
02/stichting_nidos.pdf  

Organisation for Aid to Refugees | Organizace pro pomoc uprchlíkům. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum 
Report 2024. https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/organization_for_aid_to_refugees_opu.pdf  

Romanian National Council for Refugees (CNRR) | Consiliul Național Român pentru Refugiați. (2023, November 30). 
Input to the Asylum Report 2024. https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-
02/romanian_national_council_for_refugees_cnrr.pdf  

Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Lisboa. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 2024. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/santa_casa_da_misericordia_de_lisboa.pdf  

Spanish Commission for Refugee Aid | Comisión Española de Ayuda al Refugiado. (2023, November 30). Input to 
the Asylum Report 2024. https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-
02/comision_espanola_de_ayuda_al_refugiado_cear_spanish_commission_for_refugees.pdf  

Swedish Refuge Law Center | Asylrättscentrum. (2023, November 30). Input to the Asylum Report 2024. 
https://euaa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/2024-02/asylrattscentrum_swedish_refugee_law_center.pdf  

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EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

7. Civil society and non-governmental 
organisations 

aditus foundation. (2023). Rapport parallel [Shadow report]. 
https://aditus.org.mt/Publications/maltasteeringcommitteeshadowreport_mt.pdf  

aditus foundation. (2023, January 12). European Human Rights Court orders Malta to release children from 
detention. https://aditus.org.mt/european-human-rights-court-orders-malta-to-release-children-from-
detention/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=european-human-rights-court-orders-malta-to-
release-children-from-detention#.Y8e0uUHMKp4  

aditus foundation. (February 2023). Residence Permits for Third-Country National Parents of Maltese Children. 
Information note. https://aditus.org.mt/Publications/zambranoinfonote_022023.pdf  

aditus foundation. (2023, February 6). Government’s abdication of search and rescue responsibilities contributing 
to deaths in Mediterranean. https://aditus.org.mt/governments-abdication-of-search-and-rescue-responsibilities-
contributing-to-deaths-in-mediterranean/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=governments-
abdication-of-search-and-rescue-responsibilities-contributing-to-deaths-in-mediterranean#.Y_8jQSbMKp5  

aditus foundation. (2023, May 3). Comprehensive report on Malta’s asylum regime 2022: AIDA report. 
https://aditus.org.mt/comprehensive-report-on-maltas-asylum-regime-2022-aida-report/  

aditus foundation, European Network on Statelessness, & Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion. (2023, July 18). 
Joint Submission to the Human Rights Council: Universal Periodic Review [45th Session 4th Cycle]. 
https://aditus.org.mt/Publications/uprstatelessness_2023.pdf  

aditus foundation, & Humanists Malta. (July 2023). Submission to the 4th UPR on Malta. 
https://aditus.org.mt/Publications/aditushumanistsupr_2023.pdf  

Amnesty International. (2023, March 7). Poziv k spremembi zakonodaje in ustavitvi vračanj na Hrvaško [Call for 
changes to legislation and halting returns to Croatia]. https://www.amnesty.si/poziv-pv-prosilci-za-azil  

Amnesty International. (2023, June 28). Upravno sodišče odločilo, da je zapiranje prosilcev za azil protiustavno 
[Administrative Court rules that imprisoning asylum seekers is unconstitutional]. https://www.amnesty.si/upravno-
sodisce-zapiranje-prosilcev-za-azil-protiustavno  

Association for Juridical Studies on Immigration | Associazione per gli Studi Giuridici sull'Immigrazione. (2023, April 
17). La Tunisia non è né un paese di origine sicuro né un luogo sicuro di sbarco per le persone soccorse in mare 
[Tunisia is neither a safe country of origin nor a safe place of disembarkation for people rescued at sea]. 
https://www.asgi.it/allontamento-espulsione/la-tunisia-non-e-ne-un-paese-di-origine-sicuro-ne-un-luogo-sicuro-di-
sbarco-per-le-persone-soccorse-in-mare/  

Association for Juridical Studies on Immigration | Associazione per gli Studi Giuridici sull'Immigrazione. (May 2023). 
A pre-announced blockade. In-depth report detailing our legal inspection in Greece (2022): In-depth report 
detailing our legal inspection in Greece. https://www.asgi.it/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Report_Grecia_EN.pdf  

Association for Juridical Studies on Immigration | Associazione per gli Studi Giuridici sull'Immigrazione (2023, July 
13). Reclamo alla Commissione europea: la legge italiana sui flussi migratori limita le attività di ricerca e soccorso in 
mare [Complaint to the European Commission: the Italian law on migratory flows limits search and rescue activities 
at sea]. ASGI - Associazione Per Gli Studi Giuridici Sull'immigrazione. https://www.asgi.it/asilo-e-protezione-
internazionale/reclamo-alla-commissione-europeaattivita-di-ricerca-e-soccorso-in-mare/  

Association for Legal Intervention I Stowarzyszenia Interwencji Prawnej. (2023). Written comments by a third party: 
The Association for Legal Intervention for Application no. 40002/22 V.M. and Others v. Poland. 
https://interwencjaprawna.pl/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/ECtHR-V.M.-and-Others-v.-Poland-SIP-intervention.-
FINAL-FINAL.pdf  

Association for Legal Intervention I Stowarzyszenia Interwencji Prawnej. (2023, April 27). Bezczynność 
Komendanta SG w przyjmowaniu wniosku o ochronę międzynarodową [Inaction of the Border Guard Commander 
in accepting the application for international protection]. https://interwencjaprawna.pl/bezczynnosc-komendanta-
sg-w-przyjmowaniu-wniosku-o-ochrone-miedzynarodowa/  

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SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

Association for Legal Intervention I Stowarzyszenia Interwencji Prawnej. (2023, May 10). Sąd: detencja powinna 
być zawsze rozwiązaniem, po które sięga się w ostateczności [Court: detention should always be a solution 
reached for as a last resort]. https://interwencjaprawna.pl/sad-detencja-powinna-byc-zawsze-rozwiazaniem-po-
ktore-siega-sie-w-ostatecznosci/  

Association for Legal Intervention I Stowarzyszenia Interwencji Prawnej. (2023, June 20). Detencja ciężarnej 
cudzoziemki z małymi dziećmi: interweniujemy przed ETPC [Detention of pregnant foreign woman with young 
children: we intervene before the ECHR]. https://interwencjaprawna.pl/detencja-ciezarnej-cudzoziemki-z-malymi-
dziecmi-interweniujemy-przed-etpc/  

Association for Legal Intervention I Stowarzyszenia Interwencji Prawnej. (2023, August 11). Cudzoziemcy(-mki) w 
procedurze uchodźczej nie mają pełnego dostępu do akt w swojej sprawie – interweniujemy [Foreigner(s) in 
refugee procedure do not have full access to the file on their case - we intervene]. 
https://interwencjaprawna.pl/cudzoziemcy-mki-w-procedurze-uchodzczej-nie-maja-pelnego-dostepu-do-akt-w-
swojej-sprawie-interweniujemy/  

Association for Legal Intervention I Stowarzyszenia Interwencji Prawnej. (2023, September 1). Kolejna sprawa 
przed ETPC za detencję rodziny z dziećmi [Another case before ECHR for detention of family with children]. 
https://interwencjaprawna.pl/kolejna-sprawa-przed-etpc-za-detencje-rodziny-z-dziecmi/  

Association for Legal Intervention I Stowarzyszenia Interwencji Prawnej. (2023, September 14). Ruszamy z 
projektem wspierającym dzieci bez opieki w Polsce [We are launching a project to support unaccompanied 
children in Poland]. https://interwencjaprawna.pl/ruszamy-z-projektem-system-wsparcia-przyjmowania-maloletnich-
migrantow-bez-opieki-w-polsce/  

Association for Legal Intervention I Stowarzyszenia Interwencji Prawnej (Ed.). Written comments by a third party: 
The Association for Legal Intervention in Application 555558/22 Z.H.R and Others v Poland. 

Association for Legal Intervention I Stowarzyszenia Interwencji Prawnej. (2023, October 20). Kolejna interwencja 
przed ETPC dotycząca detencji cudzoziemców(-mek) w Polsce [Another intervention before the ECHR concerning 
the detention of foreigners(-mothers) in Poland]. https://interwencjaprawna.pl/kolejna-interwencja-przed-etpc-
dotyczaca-detencji-cudzoziemcow-mek-w-polsce/  

Association of Bhutanese Communities in Danmark. (2023, June 17). Open Letter to the Government of Denmark. 
https://abcdanmark.dk/open-letter-to-the-government-of-denmark/  

Association of Bhutanese Communities in Denmark. (April 2023). Association of Bhutanese Communities in 
Denmark Statistical Data Report on Permanently Resettled Bhutanese Refugees in Denmark. 
https://abcdanmark.dk/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Statistical-data-report-on-permanently-resettled-Bhutanese-
refugees-in-Denmark.pdf  

Association of Legal Intervention | Stowarzyszenie Interwencji Prawnej. (2023, February 27). Communication of the 
Association for Legal Intervention and the Rule of Law Institute on the execution of the M.K and Others v. Poland 
judgment. https://interwencjaprawna.pl/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/COE-CM-M.K.Others-execution-
communication-ALI-and-RLI-1.pdf  

Asylex et al. (2023, June 12). Rapport alternatif Concernant la torture et les peines ou traitements cruels, 
inhumains ou dégradants en Suisse (huitième rapport périodique de la Suisse 2019) [Shadow report concerning 
torture or cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment in Switzerland (8th periodic report of Switzerland 
2019]. 
https://www.acat.ch/__/frontend/handler/document/42/2153/20230612_CAT_rapport%20alternatif_Plateforme%20
ONG_FR.pdf  

Asylkoordination Austria | Asylkoordination österreich. (2023, December 1). VfGH: Ausgestaltung der 
verstaatlichten Rechtsberatung im Asylverfahren verfassungswidrig [VfGH: Design of nationalised legal advice in 
the asylum procedure unconstitutional]. https://www.asyl.at/de/wir-informieren/presseaussendungen/vfgh-
ausgestaltung-der-verstaatlichten-rechtsberatung-im-asylverfahren-verfassungswidrig/  

Asylos. (2023). Conducting Country of Origin Information Research on Statelessness. 
https://www.asylos.eu/Handlers/Download.ashx?IDMF=b85a38a9-0cd0-4d73-a03a-4cbd23e6191d  

Asylos. (2023). Principles for Conducting Country of Origin Information Research on Statelessness. 
https://www.asylos.eu/Handlers/Download.ashx?IDMF=c259abef-cc25-45cd-a8fc-aef1e0484da4  

Asylos. (2023). Statelessness-Focused COI Research. https://www.asylos.eu/statelessness-focused-coi-research  

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EUROPEAN UNION AGENCY FOR ASYLUM 

Asylos. (2023, March 1). Principles for Conducting Country of Origin Information Research on Statelessness. 
https://www.asylos.eu/Handlers/Download.ashx?IDMF=c259abef-cc25-45cd-a8fc-aef1e0484da4  

Asylos. (May 2023). El Salvador: Incidences of violence by police or other state actors. 
https://www.asylos.eu/Handlers/Download.ashx?IDMF=7bb293f3-9ab3-4f27-8d16-3c9c7da1e15d  

Asylos. (May 2023). Kenya: The treatment of homosexual men and their relatives. 
https://www.asylos.eu/Handlers/Download.ashx?IDMF=0996d225-f09a-41a3-a940-64dabea221bb  

Asylos. (May 2023). Rwanda : Traitement des membres des Forces Démocratiques Unifiées (FDU) et des 
personnes refusant le service civique(ingando/urgerero/itorero) [Treatment of members of the United Democratic 
Forces (UDF) and people refusing civic service]. https://www.asylos.eu/Handlers/Download.ashx?IDMF=4ea80bef-
a669-47ce-bec2-afbc3d0d8e55  

Asylos. (2023, May 9). New initiative to increase access to our research. https://www.asylos.eu/news/new-
initiative-to-increase-access-to-our-research  

Asylos. (2023, July 12). Register for our new Statelessness-focused Country of Origin Information Workshops. 
https://www.asylos.eu/news/register-for-our-new-statelessness-focused-country-of-origin-information-workshops  

Asylos. (October 2023). Bangladesh, Schizophrenia and autism: Treatment, services and societal attitudes. 
https://www.asylos.eu/Handlers/Download.ashx?IDMF=1387ef88-7222-470e-a52c-c1d1557561ef  

Asylos. (October 2023). République Démocratique du Congo (RDC) : Situation des Banyamulenge (Tutsi ou 
Banyarwanda) [Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC): Situation of the Banyamulenge (Tutsi or Banyarwanda)]. 
https://www.asylos.eu/Handlers/Download.ashx?IDMF=84dfdef4-6b52-4913-9693-f8bd50ca128a  

Asylos. (October 2023). Togo: The situation of homosexual people. 
https://www.asylos.eu/Handlers/Download.ashx?IDMF=46710bdb-5d29-455c-9d9c-504daf740c50  

Asylos. (November 2023). Thematic COI Sources Toolkit. https://www.asylos.eu/coi-sources-toolkit  

Caritas Italiana. (2023, May 23). “Accogliere e integrare”: nascono i corridoi lavorativi [“Welcoming and 
integrating”: work corridors are born]. https://www.caritas.it/accogliere-e-integrare-nascono-i-corridoi-lavorativi/  

Caritas Norway. (2023). Norge skal veilede nyankomne asylsøkere [Norway will guide newly arrived asylum 
seekers]. https://caritas.no/migrasjon/skal-veilede-nyankomne-asylsokere/  

Center for Legal Aid - Voice in Bulgaria. (2024, February 9). Практически наръчник за алтернативи ни 
имиграционното задържане [A Practical Guide to Alternatives to Immigration Detention]. 
https://centerforlegalaid.com/%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%ba%d1%82%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%
d0%b8-%d0%bd%d0%b0%d1%80%d1%8a%d1%87%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%ba-%d0%b7%d0%b0-
%d0%b0%d0%bb%d1%82%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%bd%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%b2%d0%b8/  

Centre for Legal Aid - Voice in Bulgaria | Център за правна помощ – Глас в България. (2023, June 12). 
Приложението на изкуствения интелект в миграцията [The application of artificial intelligence in migration]. 
https://centerforlegalaid.com/%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b6%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b
5%d1%82%d0%be-%d0%bd%d0%b0-
%d0%b8%d0%b7%d0%ba%d1%83%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b2%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d1%8f-
%d0%b8%d0%bd%d1%82%d0%b5%d0%bb%d0%b5%d0%ba/  

Children Platform Spain | Plataforma de Infancia España. (2023, November 6). Las organizaciones de infancia 
alertan a las autoridades de los riesgos para los niños y niñas migrantes en Canarias [Children's organizations 
alert the authorities of the risks for migrant boys and girls in the Canary Islands]. 
https://www.plataformadeinfancia.org/las-organizaciones-de-infancia-alertan-a-las-autoridades-de-los-riesgos-para-
los-ninos-y-ninas-migrantes-en-canarias/  

ComUnidade. (2023). Expanding the Community Sponsorship program is the commitment made by CPR in the 
GRF. https://www.acomunidade.org/en/post/expanding-the-community-sponsorship-program-is-the-commitment-
made-by-cpr-in-the-grf  

Council of Refugee Women in Bulgaria. (2023, February 21). Refugee women and gender based violence. 
https://crw-bg.org/en/refugee-women-and-gender-based-violence/  

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SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

Croatian Law Centre | Hrvatski pravni centar. (2023, July 5). Projekt „Pristup teritoriju i sustavu azila u Hrvatskoj – 
pravna podrška i podizanje kapaciteta“ [Project "Access to Territories and Asylum in Croatia - legal framework 
and capacity building"]. https://www.hpc.hr/2023/07/05/projekt-pristup-teritoriju-i-sustavu-azila-u-hrvatskoj-pravna-
podrska-i-podizanje-kapaciteta/  

Croatian Red Cross | Hrvatski Crveni Križ. (2023, October 9). "Ako brinemo o sebi, kvalitetnije brinemo i o 
drugima"["If we take care of ourselves, we take better care of others."]. https://www.hck.hr/novosti/ako-brinemo-o-
sebi-kvalitetnije-brinemo-i-o-drugima/11884  

Danish Refugee Council. (2023, June 16). Greece: Need for spaces that are child-friendly and safe. 
https://pro.drc.ngo/resources/news/greece-needs-for-spaces-that-are-child-friendly-and-safe/  

Danish Refugee Council. (2023, June 21). Poland: Tailoring free legal aid to protect refugees and vulnerable 
minorities. https://pro.drc.ngo/resources/news/poland-tailoring-free-legal-aid-to-protect-refugees-and-vulnerable-
minorities/  

Danish Refugee Council. (July 2023). DRC rapport om Uganda: Om forholdene for LGBTQI+ personer i Uganda 
[DRC report on Uganda: About the conditions for LGBTQI+ people in Uganda]. https://asyl.drc.ngo/viden-og-
holdninger/lande-og-temarapporter/drc-rapport-om-uganda/  

Doctors without Borders | Médecins Sans Frontières. (2023, November 2). In plain sight: The human cost of 
migration policies at Greek sea borders. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/cmsdata/280831/in-plain-sight_-the-
human-cost-of-migration-policies-at-greek-sea-borders.pdf  

Equal Legal Aid. (2023). Jurisprudence Collection 2021-2023. https://www.equallegalaid.org/wp-
content/uploads/2023/08/ELA_JURISPRUDENCE-COLLECTION_2021-2023_DIGITAL.pdf  

Equal Legal Aid. (2023, January 26). Planned Homelessness: The Ending Of The ESTIA II Programme In Greece. 
https://www.equallegalaid.org/planned-homelessness-the-ending-of-the-estia-ii-programme-in-greece/  

Equal Legal Aid (2023, May). French National Assembly, Fact-finding mission on migration issues at the European 
Union's southern borders and the Indian Ocean: Contribution from Equal Legal Aid. 
https://www.equallegalaid.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/Contribution-to-the-fact-finding-mission-of-the-French-
National-Assembly-May-23-EN.pdf  

Equal Legal Aid. (2023, June 21). Shutdown of the Greek Asylum Service Database Leaves People Unable to 
Claim Asylum and in Limbo. https://www.equallegalaid.org/shutdown-of-the-greek-asylum-service-database-
leaves-people-unable-to-claim-asylum-and-in-limbo/  

Equal Legal Aid. (2023, November 30). Turning a blind eye, or the greek asylum service’s disregard for female 
genital mutilation claims. https://www.equallegalaid.org/turning-a-blind-eye/  

Estonian Refugee Council | Eesti Pagulasabi. (2023). Refugee Employability Programme Estonia. 
https://entrepreneur.pagulasabi.ee/estonia/employability-programme-2023  

Estonian Refugee Council | Eesti Pagulasabi. (2023, August 7). Arvamus rahvusvahelise kaitse saaja eesti keele 
õppes osalemise tingimused, sealhulgas eesti keele õppe kulu tagasinõudmise kord [Opinion on the conditions 
for beneficiaries of international protection to participate in Estonian language courses, including the procedure 
for reclaiming the cost of Estonian language courses]. https://adr.rik.ee/kum/dokument/14166618  

Estonian Refugee Council | Eesti Pagulasabi. (2024, May 15). MindSpring. 
https://www.pagulasabi.ee/en/programmy/mindspring  

Eurochild. (November 2023). Children’s Rights: Political will or won’t? Eurochild 2023 report on children in need 
across Europe. https://eurochild.org/uploads/2023/11/Childrens-Rights-Political-will-or-wont.pdf  

European Council on Refugees and Exiles. (January 2023). Solidarity: The Eternal Problem: Recent developments 
on solidarity in EU asylum policies: ECRE's analysis and recommendations (Policy Paper No. 9). 
https://ecre.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Policy-Papers-09.pdf  

European Council on Refugees and Exiles. (2023). The Right to Education for Asylum Seekers in the EU (Policy 
Note No. 44). https://ecre.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Policy-Note-Accessing-to-Education-for-Asylum-
Seekers-in-the-EU-March-2023.pdf  

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European Council on Refugees and Exiles. (February 2023). Not there yet: Family reunification for beneficiaries of 
international protection. https://ecre.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/AIDA-Family-Reunification-February-
2023.pdf  

European Council on Refugees and Exiles. (March 2023). Assessing legal grounds for protecting Afghan asylum 
seekers in Europe. Analysing policies relating to subsidiary protection status in EU Member States (MS) for newly 
arrived Afghans as well as those who have been in Europe for some time.: ECRE Working paper 18. 
https://ecre.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/ECRE-Working-Paper-Assessing-legal-grounds-for-protecting-
Afghan-asylum-seekers-in-Europe-March-23.pdf  

European Council on Refugees and Exiles. (April 2023). Focus on Eurodac: disentangled from the 'package 
approach' but is it fit to fly? Working paper 19. https://ecre.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/ECRE-Working-Paper-
19-Focus-on-the-Eurodac-Dossier.pdf  

European Council on Refugees and Exiles. (April 2023). Seeking refuge in Poland: a fact-finding report on access 
to asylum and reception conditions for asylum seekers. https://asylumineurope.org/wp-
content/uploads/2023/04/Seeking-refuge-in-Poland.pdf  

European Council on Refugees and Exiles. (2023, April 21). Lithuania: Parliament Vote to Legalise Pushbacks, 
Leading NGOs and Academics Denounce ‘Hungarian Border Hunter Model’. https://ecre.org/lithuania-parliament-
vote-to-legalise-pushbacks-leading-ngos-and-academics-denounce-hungarian-border-hunter-model/  

European Council on Refugees and Exiles. (October 2023). The potential of the EU's long-term residence directive 
(Policy Paper No. 11). https://ecre.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/PP-Long-Term-Residency.pdf  

European Council on Refugees and Exiles. (2023, October 20). ECRE’s Recommendations: EU’s Response to the 
Displacement from Ukraine. https://ecre.org/ecres-recommendations-eus-response-to-the-displacement-from-
ukraine/  

European Council on Refugees and Exiles. (2023, November 17). Mediterranean: Italy-Albania MoU Leaves Trail of 
Questions, Legal Implications and Critique – Germany to Target NGO Rescuers as The Civil Fleet Continues to 
Save Lives Amid Italian Crack-down – Ongoing Returns to Torture and Abuse in Libya. 
https://ecre.org/mediterranean-italy-albania-mou-leaves-trail-of-questions-legal-implications-and-critique-germany-
to-target-ngo-rescuers-as-the-civil-fleet-continues-to-save-lives-amid-italian-crack-down/  

European Council on Refugees and Exiles. (December 2023). The rights of refugees and asylum applicants with 
disabilities: Article 26 of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights and beyond. https://ecre.org/wp-
content/uploads/2024/02/ECRE_Legal-Note-15_The-Rights-of-Refugees-and-Asylum-Applicants-With-
Disabilities.pdf  

European Council on Refugees and Exiles. (2023, December 15). Op-ed: Revising the EU Anti-Trafficking Revising 
the EU Anti-Trafficking directive: an opportunity to strengthen the rights of trafficked persons: Revising the EU 
Anti-Trafficking directive: an opportunity to strengthen the rights of trafficked persons. https://ecre.org/revising-
the-eu-anti-trafficking-revising-the-eu-anti-trafficking-directive-an-opportunity-to-strengthen-the-rights-of-trafficked-
persons-an-opportunity-to-strengthen-the-rights-of-trafficked-person/  

European Council on Refugees and Exiles. (January 2024). Policy Paper: The Right to work for asylum applicants 
in the EU: ECRE's analysis of the challenges faced by asylum applicants in realising the right to work in Europe 
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Asylum-Applicants-in-the-EU.pdf  

European Council on Refugees and Exiles (ECRE) et al. (2023, July 14). NGOs call on Member States and European 
Parliament: Go no Lower: Reject the Use of Legal Loopholes in EU Asylum Law Reforms. https://ecre.org/joint-
statement-ngos-call-on-member-states-and-european-parliament-go-no-lower-reject-the-use-of-legal-loopholes-in-
eu-asylum-law-reforms/  

European Council on Refugees and Exiles (ECRE) et al. (2023, September 5). Joint Statement: Seven priorities to 
expand resettlement and safe pathways to Europe. https://ecre.org/joint-statement-seven-priorities-to-expand-
resettlement-and-safe-pathways-to-europe/  

European Network of Migrant Women. (2023). Nigerian women: A social group in need of international protection. 
https://usercontent.one/wp/www.migrantwomennetwork.org/wp-content/uploads/NIGERIAN-WOMEN_-A-SOCIAL-
GROUP-IN-NEED-OF-INTERNATIONAL-PROTECTION.pdf?media=1705347985  

European Network on Statelessness. (2023). #StatelessJourneys Webinar Series. 
https://www.statelessness.eu/statelessjourneys-webinar-series  

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European Network on Statelessness. (2023). Statelessness and the Ukraine crisis response. 
https://www.statelessness.eu/statelessness-ukraine-crisis  

European Network on Statelessness. (2023, January 12). Identifying and addressing statelessness in the refugee 
context. https://www.statelessness.eu/updates/publications/identifying-and-addressing-statelessness-refugee-
context  

European Network on Statelessness. (June 2023). ENS Newsletter: A quarterly update on statelessness in Europe. 
https://mailchi.mp/statelessness/ens-newsletter-june-2023  

European Network on Statelessness. (2023, June 21). New statelessness legislation in the Netherlands: worth the 
wait? https://www.statelessness.eu/updates/blog/new-statelessness-legislation-netherlands-worth-wait  

European Network on Statelessness. (2023, August 10). Advocating for Change: Bhutanese Refugee Community in 
Denmark urges action on Statelessness. https://www.statelessness.eu/updates/blog/advocating-change-
bhutanese-refugee-community-denmark-urges-action-statelessness  

European Network on Statelessness. (September 2023). ENS Newsletter: A quarterly update on statelessness in 
Europe. https://mailchi.mp/statelessness/ens-newsletter-september  

European Network on Statelessness. (2023, September 26). ENS’s advocacy to get statelessness on the EU 
agenda. https://www.statelessness.eu/updates/news/enss-advocacy-get-statelessness-eu-agenda  

European Network on Statelessness. (2023, September 28). Interview with Nina Gregori, Executive Director of the 
European Union Agency for Asylum. https://www.statelessness.eu/updates/interviews/interview-nina-gregori-
executive-director-european-union-agency-asylum  

European Network on Statelessness. (2023, October 26). Why statelessness cannot be ignored in the violence in 
Gaza and Israel. https://www.statelessness.eu/updates/news/why-statelessness-cannot-be-ignored-violence-gaza-
and-israel  

European Network on Statelessness. (2024, January 9). New Year’s resolutions – five ways the international 
community can and must do more to address statelessness. https://www.statelessness.eu/updates/editorial/new-
years-resolutions-five-ways-international-community-can-and-must-do-more  

FENIX Humanitarian Legal Aid. (2023). Homelessness as a consequence of Contemporary Forms of Slavery: the 
treatment of survivors among asylum seekers in Greece. Submission to the UN Special Rapporteur on 
Contemporary Forms of Slavery, Mr. Tomoya Obokata, for the Report on Homelessness as a cause and a 
consequence of contemporary forms of slavery. 
https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/issues/slavery/sr/reporthrc54/submission-slavery-hrc54-cso-
fenix_0.pdf  

FENIX Humanitarian Legal Aid. (2023, January 25). The commonality of triggering events in the lived experiences 
of SOGIESC asylum seekers. https://www.fenixaid.org/articles/the-commonality-of-triggering-events-in-the-lived-
experiences-of-sogiesc-asylum-seekers  

FENIX Humanitarian Legal Aid. (2023, February 28). Waiting to be Heard: Considerations on the impact of Greek 
asylum policies on the psychosocial wellbeing of asylum seekers on Lesvos. 
https://www.fenixaid.org/articles/waiting-to-be-heard-considerations-on-the-impact-of-greek-asylum-policies-on-
the-psychosocial-wellbeing-of-asylum-seekers-on-lesvos  

FENIX Humanitarian Legal Aid. (2023, March 16). A bilateral instrumentalisation of asylum seekers: A legal and 
political analysis of the failures of the EU-Türkiye deal and recommendations from the ground at the Greek 
borders. https://www.fenixaid.org/articles/a-bilateral-instrumentalisation-of-asylum-seekers-a-legal-and-political-
analysis-of-the-failures-of-the-eu-turkiye-deal-and-recommendations-from-the-ground-at-the-greek-borders 

FENIX Humanitarian Legal Aid. (2023, April 18). “It’s like being a shadow of yourself”: Closed Camps and 
Compelled Concealment. https://www.fenixaid.org/articles/its-like-being-a-shadow-of-yourself-closed-camps-and-
compelled-concealment  

FENIX Humanitarian Legal Aid. (2023, April 25). Unrecognised vulnerability: Greece’s systematic failure to identify 
and certify victims of torture. https://www.fenixaid.org/articles/unrecognised-vulnerability-greeces-systematic-
failure-to-identify-and-certify-victims-of-torture  

FENIX Humanitarian Legal Aid. (2023, May 17). No Safe Place: SOGIESC Asylum Seekers & Reception Conditions 
Policies. https://www.fenixaid.org/articles/no-safe-place-sogiesc-asylum-seekers-reception-conditions-policies  

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FENIX Humanitarian Legal Aid. (2023, May 19). Denying food on EU soil once again: the forced food insecurity on 
Lesvos. https://www.fenixaid.org/articles/denying-food-on-eu-soil-once-again-the-forced-food-insecurity-on-lesvos  

FENIX Humanitarian Legal Aid. (2023, October 18). Modern Slavery and Human Trafficking of Forcibly Displaced 
Persons in Greece and Türkiye. https://www.fenixaid.org/articles/modern-slavery-and-human-trafficking-of-forcibly-
displaced-persons-in-greece-and-turkiye  

FENIX Humanitarian Legal Aid. (2024, September 14). Submission of Fenix to the Committee of Ministers of the 
Council of Europe concerning the group of cases of M.S.S. v. Greece. https://www.fenixaid.org/articles/submission-
of-fenix-to-the-committee-of-ministers-of-the-council-of-europe-concerning-the-group-of-cases-of-m-s-s-v-greece  

Finnish Red Cross. (2023). Community-sponsored integration project: The community-sponsored integration pilot 
project promotes the integration of refugees who have arrived in municipalities as quota refugees. 
https://www.redcross.fi/our-work/help-for-immigrants/community-sponsored-integration/  

Forum réfugiés. (2023, January 26). La protection internationale des femmes afghanes doit être renforcée, selon 
un rapport publié par Forum réfugiés [International protection of Afghan women must be strengthened, says 
report published by Forum réfugiés]. https://www.forumrefugies.org/s-informer/presse/nos-communiques-de-
presse/1173-la-protection-internationale-des-femmes-afghanes-doit-etre-renforcee-selon-un-rapport-publie-par-
forum-refugies  

Forum réfugiés. (2023, July 10). La fluidité du parc d’hébergement des demandeurs d’asile, un enjeu complexe 
pour tous les acteurs [The fluidity of the housing stock for asylum seekers, a complex issue for all actors]. 
https://www.forumrefugies.org/s-informer/publications/articles-d-actualites/en-france/1236-la-fluidite-du-parc-d-
hebergement-des-demandeurs-d-asile-un-enjeu-complexe-pour-tous-les-acteurs  

Forum réfugiés. (October 2023). Pacte sur la Migration et l'Asile de l'Union Européenne - Le respect des droits 
fondamentaux doit être au cœur des négociations interinstitutionnelles [The European Union Pact on Migration 
and Asylum - The respect of fundamental rights must be at the heart of inter-institutional negitiations]. 
https://www.forumrefugies.org/images/s-informer/positions/france/Note_de_plaidoyer_-_Pacte_UE.pdf  

Forum réfugiés. (2023, November 20). En 2024, un budget de l’asile qui poursuit sa hausse [In 2024, an asylum 
budget that continues to increase]. https://www.forumrefugies.org/s-informer/publications/articles-d-actualites/en-
france/1333-en-2024-un-budget-de-l-asile-qui-poursuit-sa-hausse  

Foundation for Access to Rights | Фондация за достъп до права. (2023). Building an accessible network for legal 
aid to displaced persons from Ukraine in Bulgaria and preventing and counteracting human trafficking. 
https://farbg.eu/en/projects/building-accessible-network-legal-aid-displaced-persons-ukraine-bulgaria-and-
preventing  

Foundation for Access to Rights | Фондация за достъп до права. (2023, February 5). Recommendations for 
improvement of the Bulgarian family reunification system. https://www.farbg.eu/en/publications/recommendations-
improvement-bulgarian-family-reunification-system  

Foundation for Access to Rights | Фондация за достъп до права. (2023, April 11). Обучителна програма 
"Актуални въпроси на бежанското право" [Training Programme "Current Issues in Refugee Law"]. 
https://www.farbg.eu/bg/projects/obuchitelna-programa-aktualni-vprosi-na-bezhanskoto-pravo  

Foundation for Access to Rights | Фондация за достъп до права. (July 2023). SUN Project: Safeguarding 
Unaccompanied and Separated Children's Rights through the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights. 
https://www.farbg.eu/en/projects/SUN-project  

German NGO Network against Trafficking in Human Beings | KOK Gegen Menschenhandel. (October 2023). Data 
collection in the context of trafficking in human beings and exploitation in Germany - KOK Report 2022. 
https://www.kok-gegen-
menschenhandel.de/fileadmin/user_upload/medien/Publikationen_KOK/KOK_Data_Report_2022_web.pdf  

Greek Council for Refugees | Ελληνικό Συμβούλιο για τους Πρόσφυγες. (2023, March 2). At Europe’s Borders: 
Between Impunity And Criminalization. https://www.gcr.gr/en/ekdoseis-media/reports/item/2110-at-europe-s-
borders-between-impunity-and-criminalization  

Greek Council for Refugees | Ελληνικό Συμβούλιο για τους Πρόσφυγες. (2023, March 21). Administrative courts: 
The detention of asylum seekers pending full registration, to whom the Ministry of Immigration & Asylum does not 
recognize the status of applicant, is illegal. https://gcr.gr/en/news/press-releases-announcements/item/2121-
detention-of-asylum-seekers-whose-status-asan-applicant-is-not-recognized-by-the-department-of-immigration-
asylum-is-again-illegal  

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Greek Council for Refugees | Ελληνικό Συμβούλιο για τους Πρόσφυγες. (2023, March 21). Εκ νέου παράνομη η 
κράτηση αιτούντων άσυλο, στους οποίους το Υπουργείο Μετανάστευσης & Ασύλου δεν αναγνωρίζει την 
ιδιότητα του αιτούντος [Detention of asylum seekers whose status as an applicant is not recognized by the 
Department of Immigration & Asylum again illegal]. https://www.gcr.gr/el/news/press-releases-
announcements/item/2121-ek-neou-paranomi-i-kratisi-aitoynton-asylo-stous-opoious-to-ypourgeio-metanastefsis-
asylou-den-anagnorizei-tin-idiotita-tou-aitoyntos  

Greek Council for Refugees | Ελληνικό Συμβούλιο για τους Πρόσφυγες. (2023, May 23). Being Hungry in Europe. 
https://www.gcr.gr/en/ekdoseis-media/reports/item/2138-being-hungry-in-europe  

Greek Council for Refugees | Ελληνικό Συμβούλιο για τους Πρόσφυγες. (2023, June 27). Without papers, there’s 
no life: Legal barriers in access to protection for unaccompanied children in Greece. https://gcr.gr/en/ekdoseis-
media/reports/item/2168-without-papers-there-s-no-life-legal-barriers-in-access-to-protection-for-unaccompanied-
children-in-greece  

Greek Council for Refugees | Ελληνικό Συμβούλιο για τους Πρόσφυγες. (July 2023). Submission of the Greek 
Council for Refugees to the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe concerning the groups of cases of 
M.S.S. v. Greece (Application No. 30696/09) and Rahimi v. Greece (8687/08). 
https://www.gcr.gr/media/k2/attachments/Sumbission_GCR_2023.pdf  

Greek Council for Refugees | Ελληνικό Συμβούλιο για τους Πρόσφυγες. (2023, July 5). Greek Asylum Case Law 
Report Issue 1/2023. https://www.gcr.gr/en/news/press-releases-announcements/item/2163-greek-asylum-case-
law-report-issue-1-2023-released  

Greek Council for Refugees | Ελληνικό Συμβούλιο για τους Πρόσφυγες. (2023, September 14). 40 survivors of the 
Pylos shipwreck file a criminal complaint before the Naval Court of Piraeus. https://www.gcr.gr/en/news/press-
releases-announcements/item/2184-40-survivors-of-the-pylos-shipwreck-file-a-criminal-complaint-before-the-naval-
court-of-piraeus  

Greek Council for Refugees | Ελληνικό Συμβούλιο για τους Πρόσφυγες. (2023, November 9). Reception of asylum 
seekers in Greece: the demand for humane conditions remains. https://www.gcr.gr/en/news/press-releases-
announcements/item/2216-reception-of-asylum-seekers-in-greece-the-demand-for-humane-conditions-remains  

Greek Council for Refugees | Ελληνικό Συμβούλιο για τους Πρόσφυγες. (2023, December 14). Absolutely 
inadequate conditions in the new Closed Controlled Access Center (CCAC) of Kos: The European Court of Human 
Rights has granted Interim Measures. https://www.gcr.gr/en/news/press-releases-announcements/item/2231-
absolutely-inadequate-conditions-in-the-new-closed-controlled-access-center-ccac-of-kos-the-european-court-of-
human-rights-has-granted-interim-measures  

Greek Council for Refugees | Ελληνικό Συμβούλιο για τους Πρόσφυγες. (2024, May 2). GCR’s Information Note on 
interventions and on interim measures granted by the ECtHR in cases regarding pushbacks Updated on the 2nd 
of May 2024. https://www.gcr.gr/en/news/press-releases-announcements/item/1984-information-note  

Greek Council for Refugees | Ελληνικό Συμβούλιο για τους Πρόσφυγες, & Hellenic League for Human Rights | 
Ελληνική Ένωση για τα Δικαιώματα του Ανθρώπου. Joint letter by GCR & HLHR on irregular forced returns 
(pushbacks), criminalisation and the Rule of Law in Greece. 
https://www.gcr.gr/media/k2/attachments/GCR_HLHR_letter_final.pdf  

Greek Council for Refugees | Ελληνικό Συμβούλιο για τους Πρόσφυγες, & Platform for International Cooperation 
on Undocumented Migrants. (2023, April 24). Joint Submission on places of deprivation of liberty. 
https://www.gcr.gr/el/ekdoseis-media/reports/item/2130-picum-and-gcr-joint-submission-on-places-of-deprivation-
of-liberty  

Greek Council for Refugees | Ελληνικό Συμβούλιο για τους Πρόσφυγες (GCR | ΕΣΠ) et. al (2023, September). 
Unlawful detention and worsening conditions: Over 4,000 asylum seekers unlawfully detained on Samos and 
Lesvos. https://gcr.gr/media/k2/attachments/Joint-Statement-Unlawful-detention-and-worsening-conditions.pdf  

Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights | Helsińska Fundacja Praw Człowieka. (2023, March 14). HFHR opinion on 
Poland’s implementation of the judgment of the European Court of Human Rights in the case M.K. and Others v. 
Poland Helsinki Foundation For Human Rights.  

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Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights | Helsińska Fundacja Praw Człowieka. (2023, September 15). Detention of 
migrants should be a last resort, says Warsaw Regional Court in recent ruling Helsinki Foundation For Human 
Rights. https://hfhr.pl/en/news/detention-of-migrants-should-be-a-last-resort-says-warsaw-regional-court-in-recent-
ruling  

Henryk Wujec Civic Fund. (2023). We Act Together! Henryk Wujec Civic Fund Competition for social initiatives of 
refugees in Poland. https://www.funduszobywatelski.pl/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/WeActTogether_EN_2023.pdf  

Human Rights League | Liga za ľudské práva. (2024, May 15). Odpovede na otázky o aktuálnej situácii v oblasti 
migrácie [Answers to questions about the current migration situation]. https://www.hrl.sk/sk/o-
nas/aktuality/odpovede-na-otazky-o-aktualnej-situacii-v-oblasti-migracie  

Human Rights League | Liga za ľudské práva. (2024, May 15). Your options in Slovakia. 
https://help.unhcr.org/slovakia/wp-content/uploads/sites/76/2023/10/Letak-azyl-zotrvanie-navrat-ENG.pdf  

Human Rights Monitoring Institute | Žmogaus teisių stebėjimo institutas. (2023, January 24). Pateikta peticija EŽTT 
dėl prieglobsčio procedūrų neprieinamumo ir negrąžinimo principo pažeidimo [A petition was submitted to the 
ECtHR regarding the unavailability of asylum procedures and violation of the principle of non-refoulement]. 
https://hrmi.lt/pateikta-peticija-eztt-del-prieglobscio-proceduru-neprieinamumo-ir-negrazinimo-principo-pazeidimo/  

Human Rights Monitoring Institute | Žmogaus teisių stebėjimo institutas. (2023, April 21). Case of C.O.C.G. and 
Others v Lithuania, Application No 17764/22, Written Submissionss Third-Party Intervention. https://hrmi.lt/wp-
content/uploads/2023/04/Third-Party-Intervention-HRMI-21-04-2023-FINAL.pdf  

Human Rights Monitoring Institute | Žmogaus teisių stebėjimo institutas. (2023, April 26). Žmogaus teisių stebėjimo 
institutas (ŽTSI) pateikė intervenciją Kubos piliečių atstūmimo ir sulaikymo byloje Europos Žmogaus Teisių Teisme 
[Human Rights Monitoring Institute (ŽTIS) filed an intervention in the case of the rejection and detention of Cuban 
citizens at the European Court of Human Rights]. https://hrmi.lt/ztsi-pateike-intervencija-kubos-pilieciu-atstumimo-
ir-sulaikymo-byloje-europos-zmogaus-teisiu-teisme/  

Human Rights Monitoring Institute | Žmogaus teisių stebėjimo institutas. (2023, June 26). EŽTT skundas dėl sąlygų 
Lietuvos užsieniečių registracijos centre [ Application lodged to the ECtHR on the conditions of the Lithuanian 
Aliens Registration Centre]. https://hrmi.lt/eztt-skundas-del-salygu-lietuvos-uzsienieciu-registracijos-centre/  

Human Rights Monitoring Institute | Žmogaus teisių stebėjimo institutas, & Global Detention Project. Lithuania 
Follow-up report to the UN Committee against Torture: Issues related with migrants, asylum seekers and 
immigration detention. https://hrmi.lt/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/23.03.21-Lithuania-CAT-joint-follow-up-
submission_HRMI_GDP.pdf  

Human Rights Watch. (2023, June 22). Spain/Morocco: No Justice for Deaths at Melilla Border: Families still 
skeeing loved ones 'Disappeared' entering Spanish enclave. 
https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/06/22/spain/morocco-no-justice-deaths-melilla-border  

Human Rights Watch. (2023, November 29). Pakistan: Widespread Abuses Force Afghans to Leave. 
https://www.hrw.org/news/2023/11/28/pakistan-widespread-abuses-force-afghans-leave  

Hungarian Helsinki Committee | Magyar Helsinki Bizottság. (2023). Investigations of fundamental rights violations 
and criminal offences at the EU's external borders: Fundamental Rights Agency FRANET Service Request no.15. 
https://helsinki.hu/en/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/09/HHC-response-to-FRANET-service-request-15.pdf 
https://doi.org/10.17047/HADTUD.2017.27.3-4.85  

Hungarian Helsinki Committee | Magyar Helsinki Bizottság. (2023, January 20). Labour exploitation encountered in 
the framework of the Ukraine refugee crisis response of the Hungarian Helsinki Committee. 
https://helsinki.hu/en/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/03/Labour-exploitation_-Jan-2023.pdf  

Hungarian Helsinki Committee | Magyar Helsinki Bizottság. (2023, February 17). Third party intervention at the 
ECtHR in Trapitsyna and Isaeva v. Hungary, app. no. 5488/22. https://helsinki.hu/en/third-party-intervention-at-the-
ecthr-in-trapitsyna-and-isaeva-v-hungary-app-no-5488-22/  

Hungarian Helsinki Committee | Magyar Helsinki Bizottság. (March 2023). Submission of the Refugee Programme 
of the Hungarian Helsinki Committee for the periodic visit to Hungary by the European Committee for the 
Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT). https://helsinki.hu/en/wp-
content/uploads/sites/2/2023/05/HHC_Refugee-Program_CPT2023.pdf  

Hungarian Helsinki Committee | Magyar Helsinki Bizottság. (2023, March 13). No access to asylum on the territory 
since 27 May 2020. https://helsinki.hu/en/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/03/Access-to-asylum.pdf  

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SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

Hungarian Helsinki Committee | Magyar Helsinki Bizottság. (2023, March 31). Semmisítse meg az 
Alkotmánybíróság a visszakényszerítést! [The Constitutional Court must stop push-backs]. 
https://helsinki.hu/semmisitse-meg-az-alkotmanybirosag-az-visszakenyszeritest/  

Hungarian Helsinki Committee | Magyar Helsinki Bizottság. (2023, April 20). The Situation of Romani Refugees 
Fleeing Ukraine: Experiences gathered in the framework of the Ukraine refugee crisis response of the Hungarian 
Helsinki Committee. https://helsinki.hu/en/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Romani-refugees-from-Ukraine.pdf  

Hungarian Helsinki Committee | Magyar Helsinki Bizottság. (2023, May 16). Right to family life of Hungarian citizens 
and third-country national family members at stake. https://helsinki.hu/en/wp-
content/uploads/sites/2/2023/05/info-note_TCN_FINAL.pdf  

Hungarian Helsinki Committee | Magyar Helsinki Bizottság. (2023, June 13). No access to asylum – embassy 
system info note update. https://helsinki.hu/en/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/06/Embassy-info-note.pdf  

Hungarian Helsinki Committee | Magyar Helsinki Bizottság. (2023, August 11). War in Ukraine: Protection Situation 
in Hungary. https://helsinki.hu/en/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/08/Protection_update_August_2023-1.pdf  

Hungarian Helsinki Committee | Magyar Helsinki Bizottság. (2023, September 28). A Magyar Helsinki Bizottság 
véleménye a közbiztonság megerősítése kapcsán benyújtott salátatörvényről [Opinion of the Hungarian Helsinki 
Committee on the omnibus law submitted in relation to the strenghtening of public security]. https://helsinki.hu/a-
magyar-helsinki-bizottsag-velemenye-a-kozbiztonsag-megerositese-kapcsan-benyujtott-salatatorvenyrol/  

Hungarian Helsinki Committee | Magyar Helsinki Bizottság. (2023, October 12). Violent pushbacks and the 
absence of protection. https://helsinki.hu/en/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/10/OSCE-WHDC-2023-HHC-
refugees-and-displaced-persons-statement.pdf  

Hungarian Helsinki Committee | Magyar Helsinki Bizottság. (2023, November 22). A Magyar Helsinki Bizottság 
véleménye az új idegenrendészeti törvény tervezetéről [Opinion of the Hungarian Helsinki Committee on the draft 
of the new immigration law]. https://helsinki.hu/a-magyar-helsinki-bizottsag-velemenye-az-uj-idegenrendeszeti-
torveny-tervezeterol/  

I want to help refugees | Gribu palīdzēt bēgļiem. (2023, September 6). Atklātā vēstule par psiholoģiskas 
iedarbības skaņu ierīču izmantošanu cilvēku atturēšanā no robežas šķērsošanas [Open letter on the use of 
psychological sound devices to deter people from crossing the border]. 
https://gribupalidzetbegliem.lv/2023/09/06/atklata-vestule-par-psihologiskas-iedarbibas-skanu-iericu-izmantosanu-
cilveku-atturesana-no-robezas-skersosanas/  

Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion. (October 2023). Bulletin, October 2023: Palestine under indiscriminate 
attack, as war crimes mount up. https://mailchi.mp/e9e33ac41ffd/monthly-bulletin-
october2023#palestine%20feature  

Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion. (October 2023). Statelessness and Nationality Rights Actors Call for an 
immediate end to indiscriminate attacks on the Palestinian People. 
https://files.institutesi.org/Call_for_an_immediate_end_to_indiscriminate_attacks_on_the_Palestinian_people.pdf  

International Rescue Committee. (2023, June 21). No monitoring of fundamental rights violations in Greece without 
independent and effective mechanisms. https://www.rescue.org/eu/press-release/no-monitoring-fundamental-
rights-violations-greece-without-independent-and-effective  

International Rescue Committee. (2023, May 24). After years of being moved around Greece, Karima’s family has 
finally found a place to call home in Athens and a chance to build a brighter future. 
https://www.rescue.org/eu/article/after-years-being-moved-around-greece-karimas-family-has-finally-found-place-
call-home  

International Rescue Committee. (2023, May 25). IRC analysis: Needs of Ukrainian and other refugee groups in 
Greece are strikingly similar. https://www.rescue.org/eu/press-release/irc-analysis-needs-ukrainian-and-other-
refugee-groups-greece-are-strikingly-similar  

International Rescue Committee. (2023, July 13). IRC: One month since Greek shipwreck the EU must urgently 
ensure a full investigation. https://www.rescue.org/eu/press-release/irc-one-month-greek-shipwreck-eu-must-
urgently-ensure-full-investigation  

International Rescue Committee. (2023, November 7). IRC Italy Protection Monitoring Report (July - September 
2023). https://reliefweb.int/report/italy/irc-italy-protection-monitoring-report-july-september-2023  

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International Rescue Committee. (2024, April 2). Contribution to the Ombudsman's Strategic Inquiry relating to 
respect for fundamental rights in EU-funded migration management facilities in Greece. 
https://www.rescue.org/eu/submission/ombudsmans-inquiry-fundamental-rights-ccacs  

International Rescue Committee (IRC) et al. (2023, March 9). NGOs mark one year since activation of the 
Temporary Protection Directive and call for continued support to refugees from Ukraine. 
https://reliefweb.int/report/world/ngos-mark-one-year-activation-temporary-protection-directive-and-call-continued-
support-refugees-ukraine  

International Rescue Committee (IRC) et al. (2023, March 17). Children in Greece without documents, children still 
at risk. https://www.rescue.org/eu/statement/children-greece-without-documents-children-still-risk  

International Rescue Committee (IRC) et al. (2023, June 16). Joint statement: The EU must not be complicit in the 
loss of lives at sea and in rights violations at Europe’s borders. https://www.rescue.org/eu/statement/eu-must-not-
be-complicit-loss-lives-sea-and-rights-violations-europes-borders  

Irish Refugee Council. 30 years 30 voices: The Power of Protection. 
https://www.irishrefugeecouncil.ie/Handlers/Download.ashx?IDMF=d4a495bc-5edb-44bc-8c8a-beab421f3dd1  

Irish Refugee Council. (2023). Tight Spaces - An Educational Resource on Ireland's Direct Provision System by 
Young People. https://www.irishrefugeecouncil.ie/tight-spaces  

Irish Refugee Council. (June 2023). “Now I Live on the Road”: The experience of homeless international protection 
applicants in Ireland. https://www.irishrefugeecouncil.ie/Handlers/Download.ashx?IDMF=4662e241-0d00-4809-
9b7e-29e8d2255420  

Irish Refugee Council. (July 2023). Budget 2024 submission: ‘Addressing poverty in Direct Provision’. 
https://www.irishrefugeecouncil.ie/Handlers/Download.ashx?IDMF=997df5d6-6c62-4e0a-b027-f20707da31b3  

Irish Refugee Council. (2023, October 5). Living in International Protection Accommodation: Exploring the 
Experiences of Families and Children in Direct Provision. 
https://www.irishrefugeecouncil.ie/Handlers/Download.ashx?IDMF=8a2081c4-da20-4891-99c4-9dc22b670429  

Italian Council for Refugees | Consiglio Italiano per i Rifugiati. (2023, December 4). La sentenza della Cassazione 
sul diritto all'informazione in materia di protezione internazionale - [The decision of the court of cassation on the 
right to information in the field of international protection]. https://www.cir-onlus.org/2023/12/04/la-sentenza-della-
cassazione-sul-diritto-allinformazione-in-materia-di-protezione-internazionale/  

Jesuit Refugee Service Europe. (2023, November 7). We are very concerned about the announced Italy-Albania 
agreement: another attempt to externalize responsibility to protect refugees. Tweet [Tweet]. Twitter. 
https://twitter.com/JRSEurope/status/1721920971903230133?s=20  

Jesuit Refugee Service Malta. (2023, February 5). Government’s abdication of search and rescue responsibilities 
contributing to deaths in Mediterranean. https://jrsmalta.org/governments-abdication-of-search-and-rescue-
responsibilities-contributing-to-deaths-in-mediterranean/  

Lebanese Center for Human Rights, 11.11.11, EuroMed Rights, Kisa, & PAX. (2023, August 11). Cyprus Must Stop its 
chain-refoulement to Syria. http://www.cldh-lebanon.org/OurBlog/Artical/2111  

Legal Centre for the Protection of Human Rights and Environment | PIC - Pravni Center Za Varstvo Človekovih 
Pravic in Okolja. (2024, May 15). Kaj so dopolnilne poti in sponzorske sheme? Kaj pomeni združitev družine? 
(VIDEO) [What are complementary pathways and sponsorship schemes? What does family reunification mean? 
(VIDEO)]. https://pic.si/azil-in-migracije/kaj-so-dopolnilne-poti-sponzorske-sheme-zdruzevanje-druzine/  

Lithuanian Red Cross Society | Lietuvos Raudonojo Kryziaus. (2023). Prieglobsčio ir Migracijos Programa 
Stebėsena [Asylum and Migration program, Monitoring]. https://redcross.lt/veiklos/prieglobscio-ir-migracijos-
programa/stebesena-2/  

Lithuanian Red Cross Society | Lietuvos Raudonojo Kryziaus. (2023). Savo pasirinktoje vietoje gyvenančių 
prieglobsčio prašytojų iššūkiai laukiant sprendimų dėl prieglobsčio suteikimo [Challenges of asylum seekers living 
in the place of their choice while awaiting asylum decisions]. https://redcross.lt/wp-
content/uploads/2022/09/GYVENANTYS-SAVO-PASIRINKTOJE-VIETOJE.pdf  

Lithuanian Red Cross Society | Lietuvos Raudonojo Kryziaus. (2023, October 2). Pasirašyta bendradarbiavimo 
sutartis su advokatų kontora „NOOR legal“ [Cooperation agreement signed with law firm NOOR legal]. 
https://redcross.lt/naujienos-ir-renginiai/pasirasyta-bendradarbiavimo-sutartis-su-advokatu-kontora-noor-legal/  

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Melting Pot Europa. (2023, July 7). Formalizzazione della richiesta di protezione internazionale: le Questure 
devono attenersi a tempi brevi e congrui alla normativa (10 gg.) [Formalisation of the request for international 
protection: the Police Headquarters must comply with short and appropriate deadlines according to the 
legislation (10 days)]. https://www.meltingpot.org/2023/07/formalizzazione-della-richiesta-di-protezione-
internazionale-le-questure-devono-attenersi-a-tempi-brevi-e-congrui-alla-normativa-10-gg/  

Melting Pot Europa. (2024, January 16). Il ritardo nella formalizzazione della domanda d’asilo ascrivibile alla 
Questura non può determinare l’irregolarità del richiedente [The delay in formalizing the asylum application 
attributable to the Police Headquarters cannot determine the irregularity of the applicant]. 
https://www.meltingpot.org/2024/01/il-ritardo-nella-formalizzazione-della-domanda-dasilo-ascrivibile-alla-questura-
non-puo-determinare-lirregolarita-del-richiedente/  

METAdrasi. (2023, November 1). Επαναφορά της διερμηνείας στα Κέντρα Υποδοχής και στην Υπηρεσία Ασύλου 
[Restoration of interpretation in Reception Centres and the Asylum Service]. https://metadrasi.org/επαναφορά-της-
διερμηνείας-στα-κέντρα/#more-26751  

Missing Children Europe et al. (June 2023). Key recommendations on the reform of Ukraine’s child protection and 
care system. https://missingchildreneurope.eu/download/key-recommendations-on-the-reform-of-ukraines-child-
protection-and-care-system/?wpdmdl=4577&refresh=665ca1d1c877f1717346769  

Missing Children Europe et al. (2023, June 16). The EU must not be complicit in the loss of lives at sea and in rights 
violations at Europe’s borders. https://missingchildreneurope.eu/download/the-eu-must-not-be-complicit-in-the-
loss-of-lives-at-sea-and-in-rights-violations-at-europes-
borders/?wpdmdl=4690&refresh=665ca1d1d6f9d1717346769  

Missing Children Europe et al. (2024, February 22). Missing Children Europe’s feedback on the Commission 
proposal on the review of the Victims’ Rights Directive. https://missingchildreneurope.eu/download/joint-
statement-on-the-revision-of-the-eu-victims-rights-directive-urgent-call-to-eu-negotiators-to-strengthen-rights-of-all-
victims-of-crime-regardless-of-residence-status/?wpdmdl=5116&refresh=665ca17c4429b1717346684  

Mobile Info Team. (November 2023). Protection Unavailable: Dysfunctional Practices and Restrictions on the Right 
to Asylum. Assessing the implementation of reception and identification procedures on mainland Greece. 
https://www.mobileinfoteam.org/ric  

Mobile Info Team, & Refugee Legal Support. (November 2023). Protection Unavailable: Dysfunctional Practices 
and Restrictions on the Right to Asylum: Assessing the implementation of reception and identification procedures 
on mainland Greece. 
https://static1.squarespace.com/static/597473fe9de4bb2cc35c376a/t/6555e476024c6b1f747d3668/170012786901
6/RIC+report+Nov+2023.pdf  

NANSEN, the Belgian refugee council. (February 2023). Nassen Tool 2023-2, Demandes de protection 
internationale liées au genre: une bibliographie [Nassen Tool 2023-2, Gender-related applications for 
international protection: a bibliography]. https://nansen-refugee.be/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/NANSEN-TOOL-
2023-2_-Bibliographie-genre-et-asile.pdf  

NANSEN, the Belgian refugee council. (September 2023). Guide Pratique pour les avocat/es Procédures de 
Protection Internationale Liées au Genre Violences sexuelles ou basées sur le genre, orientation sexuelle et 
identité de genre [Practical Guides for Lawyers International Protection Procedures Liées au Genre Sexual 
Violence or Based on the Genre, Sexual Orientation and Genre Identity]. https://nansen-refugee.be/wp-
content/uploads/2023/09/Guide-Pratique-UGent-2023_Procedures-de-PI-liees-au-genre_FR.pdf  

NANSEN, the Belgian refugee council. (2023). Demandes de protection internationale liées au genre : une 
bibliographie [Gender-related applications for international protection: A bibliography]. https://nansen-
refugee.be/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/NANSEN-TOOL-2023-2_-Bibliographie-genre-et-asile.pdf  

NANSEN, the Belgian refugee council. (2023, November 22). Lesbische vrouwen uit Afrika: welke analyse van hun 
nood aan bescherming? [Lesbian women from Africa: what analysis of their need for protection?]. https://nansen-
refugee.be/nl/2023/11/22/lesbische-vrouwen-uit-afrika-welke-analyse-van-hun-nood-aan-bescherming/  

NANSEN, the Belgian refugee council. (2023, November 22). Pour les Afghans en Belgique, quelle protection 
effective contre le refoulement? [For Afghans in Belgium, what effective protection against refoulement?]. 
https://nansen-refugee.be/2023/11/22/pour-les-afghans-en-belgique-quelle-protection-effective-contre-le-
refoulement/  

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NANSEN, the Belgian refugee council et al. (January 2023). Opvangcrisis: een trieste verjaardag [Reception crisis: 
a sad anniversary]. https://nansen-refugee.be/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/CP-mis-en-page-version-NL.pdf  

Norwegian Organisation for Asylum Seekers | Norsk organisasjon for asylsøkere. (2023, April 12). Høring om 
endringer i utlendingsloven (fjernmøter i Utlendingsnemnda mv.) Prop. 67 L (2022-2023) [Consultation on changes 
to the Immigration Act (remote meetings in the Immigration Appeals Board, etc.) Prop. 67 L (2022-2023). 
https://www.noas.no/ressursbank/noas-mener/horingsuttalelser/  

Norwegian Organisation for Asylum Seekers | Norsk organisasjon for asylsøkere. (2023, August 9). NOAS ute av 
informasjons- og veiledningsprogrammet [NOAS removed from the information and guidance programme]. 
https://www.noas.no/noas-ute-av-informasjons-og-veiledningsprogrammet/  

OII Europe. (2022, December 7). OII Europe Intersex Refugees & Asylum Seekers Flyer. 
https://www.oiieurope.org/oii-europe-intersex-refugees-asylum-seekers-flyer/  

Organisation for Aid to Refugees | Organizace pro pomoc uprchlíkům. (2023, August 1). Domov v nové zemi III 
[Home in a new country III]. https://www.opu.cz/projekt/domov-v-nove-zemi-iii/  

Organisation Intersex International Europe. (2022, December 7). OII Europe Intersex Refugees & Asylum Seekers 
Flyer. https://www.oiieurope.org/oii-europe-intersex-refugees-asylum-seekers-flyer/  

Platform for International Cooperation on Undocumented Migrants, & European Council on Refugees and Exiles. 
(September 2023). Revision of the Multiannual Financial Framework: Key Recommendations on Migration and 
Asylum. https://ecre.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PIC-MMF-revision.pdf  

Protecting Rights at Borders, & Danish Refugee Council. (May 2023). What we do in the shadows: While Europe 
sleeps, rights violations and abuses at the borders to the Union flourish. Latest data sheds new light on the 
systemic and continued pushback practices. https://pro.drc.ngo/media/3h1d5s5r/vi-prab-report_-what-we-do-in-
the-shadows_-jan-to-april-2023.pdf  

Protecting Rights at Borders, & Danish Refugee Council. (September 2023). Surprisingly surprised: While 
undeniable evidence on the systematic use of pushbacks as a de facto tool for border management prevails, 
some remain bewildered when the rights violations are put in the spotlight. Report May to August 2023. 
https://interwencjaprawna.pl/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/prab-report-may-to-august-2023.pdf  

Red Cross EU Office. (2023). Handbook on safe avenues to access protection in Europe. 
https://redcross.eu/positions-publications/safe-avenues-to-access-protection-in-europe.pdf  

Red Cross EU Office. (2023, March 14). Safe avenues to access protection in Europe. https://redcross.eu/positions-
publications/safe-avenues-to-access-protection-in-europe  

Red Cross EU Office. (2023, May 10). Ukraine Response and Red Cross views on the implementation of the TPD. 
https://redcross.eu/positions-publications/ukraine-response-and-red-cross-views-on-the-implementation-of-the-tpd  

Red Cross EU Office. (2023, May 30). Safe pathways to international protection in the EU. 
https://redcross.eu/positions-publications/safe-pathways-to-international-protection-in-the-eu  

Red Cross EU Office. (2023, May 30). Upholding the right to family reunification for beneficiaries of international 
protection in Europe. https://redcross.eu/positions-publications/upholding-the-right-to-family-reunification-for-
beneficiaries-of-international-protection-in-europe  

Refugee Support Aegean. (2023, July 24). The state of the Greek asylum system, twelve years since M.S.S: A 
glance at compliance with the landmark 2011 European Court of Human Rights judgment. 
https://rsaegean.org/en/the-state-of-the-greek-asylum-system-12-years-since-m-s-s/  

Refugee Support Aegean, & PRO ASYL. (May 2023). What is happening today in the refugee structures on the 
Aegean islands: Serious problems in the EU-funded structures. https://rsaegean.org/wp-
content/uploads/2023/05/ccac-aegean-islands-greece.pdf  

Refugee Support Aegean, & Stiftung PRO ASYL. (March 2023). Beneficiaries of international protection in Greece: 
Access to documents and socio-economic rights. https://rsaegean.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/2023-
03_RSA_BIP.pdf  

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SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

Refugee Support Aegean, & Stiftung PRO ASYL. (July 2023). The state of the Greek asylum system, twelve years 
since M.S.S.: RSA & Stiftung PRO ASYL Submission to the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe in the 
cases of M.S.S. v. Belgium and Greece & Rahimi v. Greece. https://rsaegean.org/wp-
content/uploads/2023/07/RSA_PRO-ASYL_MSS_2023_Submission.pdf  

Romanian National Council for Refugees (CNRR) | Consiliul Național Român pentru Refugiați. (2023). Latest 
developments in Sudan: Country of Origin Information Report. https://www.portal-ito.ro/#/view/cf5c411e-244c-
43aa-8976-8ee1af0cda26  

Romanian National Council for Refugees (CNRR) | Consiliul Național Român pentru Refugiați. (2023). LGBTQIA+ 
Rights in West Africa: Country of Origin Information Report. https://www.portal-ito.ro/#/view/e407f77b-f202-450b-
83ee-f61654caf966  

Romanian National Council for Refugees (CNRR) | Consiliul Național Român pentru Refugiați. (2023). Migration 
routes from Africa to Europe: Country of Origin Information Report. https://www.portal-ito.ro/#/view/ca2c714c-4f3c-
4533-80b7-0b61cced5f14  

Romanian National Council for Refugees (CNRR) | Consiliul Național Român pentru Refugiați. (2023). Somalia. 
Human Rights Situation and Security Issues: Country of Origin Information Report. https://www.portal-
ito.ro/#/view/16116253-f0dc-4460-a36c-8dad8447a80b  

Save the Children, & United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (June 2023). Mappatura sullo stato attuale 
delle procedure di identificazione e accertamento dell’età [Mapping on the current state of identification and age 
assessment procedures]. https://s3.savethechildren.it/public/files/uploads/pubblicazioni/mappatura-sullo-stato-
attuale-delle-procedure-di-identificazione-e-accertamento-
delleta.pdf?_gl=1%2a1llfsj1%2a_ga%2aMTA5NzkyMjE0Ny4xNjkxMTM3OTcy%2a_ga_J4L0VBWH7F%2aMTY5MTM
5NTc4Ny4yLjAuMTY5MTM5NTc5NS4wLjAuMA.%2a_fplc%2aQmhHcnVhT3dTd21xZFZWZFhGUjR0amVrUlJFY0Vk
QzMlMkZTZlJlRCUyRkFGS0tYTzVLVVczZVpIa0w5QnQxOXdFdjlFRkI2MUxaOUdZZWZGREM2YUFSSGl6bFdDNT
ViRm12MEZ5VCUyRnViS3NEVDR3cktqRlo1am5VOSUyQlNrMmZSdkElM0QlM0Q  

Spanish Commission for Refugee Aid | Comisión Española de Ayuda al Refugiado. (2023). Hacia un Nuevo Pacto 
Europeo sobre Migración y Asilo garantista y solidario [Towards a New European Pact on Migration and Asylum 
of guarantees and solidarity]. https://www.cear.es/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Recomendaciones-CEAR-
presidencia-UE.pdf  

Spanish Commission for Refugee Aid | Comisión Española de Ayuda al Refugiado. (2023). Organizaciones sociales 
presentan una queja a la Comisión Europea ante las graves deficiencias para acceder al procedimiento de asilo 
[Social organisations present a complaint to the European Commission regarding the serious deficiencies in 
accessing the asylum procedure]. https://www.cear.es/queja-comision-europea-por-deficiencias-para-acceder-al-
procedimiento-de-asilo/  

Spanish Commission for Refugee Aid | Comisión Española de Ayuda al Refugiado. (2023, August 29). Posible 
devolución colectiva a Senegal de 168 personas migrantes rescatadas por el barco español Río Tajo [Possible 
collective return to Senegal of 168 migrants rescued by the Spanish ship Río Tagus]. https://www.cear.es/cear-
reclama-paralizar-traslado-a-senegal/  

Swedish Refuge Law Center | Asylrättscentrum. (March 2023). Kvinnor i asylprocess: vikten av ett genusperspektiv 
[Women in the asylum process: the importance of a gender perspective]. https://sweref.org/wp-
content/uploads/2023/03/kvinnor-i-asylprocess.pdf  

Terre D'Asile. (2023, September 18). - Santé mentale des demandeurs d'asile : les résultats de l’étude de France 
Terre d’Asile [mental health of asylum seekers: the results of the study by France Terre d'Asile]. 
https://www.france-terre-asile.org/actualites/actualites-choisies/sante-mentale-des-demandeurs-asile-etude-france-
terre-asile  

Vogelaar, F. Volgend verzoeken om internationale bescherming [Subsequent applications for international 
protection]. NANSEN, the Belgian refugee council (NANSEN). https://nansen-refugee.be/wp-
content/uploads/2023/09/NANSEN-TOOL-2023-1-Volgende-verzoeken_def.pdf  

Vogelaar, F. (2023). Iraanse dossiers: de beoordeling van de geloofwaardigheid van een bekering [Iranian files: 
The credibility assessment of a conversion]. NANSEN, the Belgian refugee council. https://nansen-refugee.be/wp-
content/uploads/2023/06/NANSEN-Notes-IRAN-1-23-FINAL.pdf  

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8. Academia, research institutions, think 
tanks and associations 

Als, S., Starup, K., & Vejby-Andersen, C. (2023). Addressing Protection Implicationsof EU Extra-Territorial Migration 
Cooperation: Policy recommendations [ASILE project]. https://www.asileproject.eu/addressing-protection-
implicationsof-eu-extra-territorial-migration-cooperation/  

Asylum Research Centre. (January 2023). Burundi: Country Report. https://asylumresearchcentre.org/wp-
content/uploads/2023/01/ARC_COI-report-Burundi_Jan-2023.pdf  

Asylum Research Centre. (August 2023). Egypt: Query response on the situation and treatment of the LGBTQI+ 
community. https://asylumresearchcentre.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/ARC-Query-response_LGBTQI-
Egypt_August-2023.pdf  

Asylum Research Centre. (August 2023). Tunisia: Query response on the situation and treatment of the LGBTQI+ 
community. https://asylumresearchcentre.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/ARC-Query-response_LGBTQI-
Tunisia_August-2023.pdf  

Ayouba Tinni, B., Djurovic, O., Djurovic, R., Hamadou, A., Ineli-Ciger, M., Ovacik, G., Raach, F., Sha’ath, H., 
Spijkerboer, T., & Ulusoy, O. (2023). Shortcomings in EU Cooperation for Externalization of Asylum: Lessons from 
Niger, Serbia, Tunisia and Turkey [ASILE project]. https://www.asileproject.eu/shortcomings-in-eu-cooperation-for-
externalization-of-asylum/  

Ayouba Tinni, B., Djurovic, O., Djurovic, R., Hamadou, A., Ineli-Ciger, M., Ovacik, G., Raach, F., Sha’ath, H., 
Spijkerboer, T., & Ulusoy, O. (March 2023). Asylum for Containment: EU arrangements with Niger, Serbia, Tunisia 
and Turkey [ASILE project]. https://www.asileproject.eu/asylum-for-containment/  

Benkő, E., Fazekas, T., & Szekeres, Z. (2024, March 12). Imminent risk of irreparable harm: why failure to protect 
Russians fleeing the Putin regime would be a serious blow to the Court’s reputation. 
https://strasbourgobservers.com/2024/03/12/imminent-risk-of-irreparable-harm-why-failure-to-protect-russians-
fleeing-the-putin-regime-would-be-a-serious-blow-to-the-courts-reputation/#more-9914  

Blog Asyl. (2023, April 7). VfGH: Zum vorübergehenden Aufenthaltsrecht für Staatsangehörige der Ukraine nach 
der Vertriebenen-Verordnung [VfGH: On the temporary right of residence for Ukrainian citizens according to the 
Displaced Persons Ordinance]. https://www.blogasyl.at/2023/04/vfgh-zum-voruebergehenden-aufenthaltsrecht-
fuer-staatsangehoerige-der-ukraine-nach-der-vertriebenen-verordnung/  

Blog Asyl. (2023, June 12). Dürfen Asylwerber:innen arbeiten? Eine Analyse des Arbeitsmarktzugangs seit 
Aufhebung des „Bartenstein-Erlasses" durch den VfGH [Are asylum seekers allowed to work? An analysis of 
access to the labour market since the repeal of the "Bartenstein Decree" by the Constitutional Court]. 
https://www.blogasyl.at/2023/06/duerfen-asylwerberinnen-arbeiten-eine-analyse-des-arbeitsmarktzugangs-seit-
aufhebung-des-bartenstein-erlasses-durch-den-vfgh/  

Blog Asyl. (2023, July 3). VfGH: Ausstellung eines Fremdenpasses und Ausreisefreiheit [Constitutional Court: 
Issuance of a Foreigner's Passport and Freedom to Leave the Country]. https://www.blogasyl.at/2023/07/vfgh-
ausstellung-eines-fremdenpasses-und-ausreisefreiheit/  

Blog Asyl. (2023, December 22). „Freikaufen“ vom Militärdienst? – Überlegungen zur (Un)zumutbarkeit dieser 
Befreiungsmöglichkeit im asylrechtlichen Kontext (Teil I) [“Buy your freedom” from military service? – 
Considerations on the (un)reasonableness of this exemption option in the context of asylum law (Part I)]. 
https://www.blogasyl.at/2023/12/freikaufen-vom-militaerdienst-ueberlegungen-zur-unzumutbarkeit-dieser-
befreiungsmoeglichkeit-im-asylrechtlichen-kontext-teil-i/  

Blog Asyl. (2024, February 8). VwG Wien: Geldersatz wegen Obdachlosigkeit infolge nicht gewährter 
Grundversorgung [VwG Vienna: Monetary compensation for homelessness due to non-provision of basic 
services]. https://www.blogasyl.at/2024/02/vwg-wien-geldersatz-wegen-obdachlosigkeit-infolge-nicht-gewaehrter-
grundversorgung/  

Blog Asyl. (2024, February 13). Das BBU-Erkenntnis des VfGH – Interpretationen und Implikationen [The BBU 
Recognition of the VfGH – Interpretations and Implications]. https://www.blogasyl.at/2024/02/das-bbu-erkenntnis-
des-vfgh-interpretationen-und-implikationen/  

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SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

Branco, Ana Sofia de Oliveira. (2023). Os Requerentes de Asilo em Portugal e os Desafios do Acolhimento para a 
Política Social [Asylum seekers in Portugal and their reception challenges to the national social policy]. 
https://www.repository.utl.pt/handle/10400.5/27538  

Burliai, A., Drozd, A., Gomon, T., Jaroszewicz, M., Kaczmarczyk, P., Kosowicz, A., Smalilchuk, H., & Wnuk, M. How 
serious is the risk of deskilling of Ukrainian war refugees (and what we can do about it) [CMR Spotlight 9(54)]. 
https://www.migracje.uw.edu.pl/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Spotlight-09-2023.pdf  

Centre for European Policy Studies. (2023, December 7). The 2023 Italy-Albania protocol on extraterritorial 
migration management. https://www.ceps.eu/ceps-publications/the-2023-italy-albania-protocol-on-extraterritorial-
migration-management/  

Concern Worldwide. (2023, December 18). The 10 largest refugee crises to know in 2023. 
https://www.concern.net/news/largest-refugee-crises  

Council of Bars and Law Societies of Europe. (2023, April 24). Lithuania: human rights should be at the centre of 
the parliamentary debate on migration and asylum. https://www.coe.int/en/web/commissioner/-/lithuania-human-
rights-should-be-at-the-centre-of-the-parliamentary-debate-on-migration-and-asylum  

Dustmann, C., Landersø, R., & Højsgaard Andersen, L. (April 2023). Refugee Benefit Cuts (Research Report Study 
Paper 188). The Rockwool Foundation. https://migrant-integration.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2023-04/RFF_Study-
Paper-Refugee-Benefit-Cuts_april_2023.pdf  

Dutch Advisory Council on Migration | Adviesraad Migratie. (2023, March 10). De (onvolledige) implementatie van 
Europese richtlijnen. Advies over ontwerpbesluit tot wijziging van het Vreemdelingenbesluit 2000 [The 
(incomplete) implementation of European directives. Advice on draft decision to amend the Aliens Decree 2000]. 
https://www.adviesraadmigratie.nl/publicaties/publicaties/2023/03/10/adviesrapport-de-onvolledige-
implementatie-van-europese-richtlijnen  

Dutch Advisory Council on Migration | Adviesraad Migratie. (2023, July 5). Signalering: De prijs van tijdelijkheid. 
Perspectief voor Oekraïense ontheemden in Nederland [Signaling: The price of temporality. Perspective for 
Ukrainian displaced persons in the Netherlands]. 
https://www.adviesraadmigratie.nl/publicaties/publicaties/2023/07/05/signalering-de-prijs-van-tijdelijkheid-
perspectief-voor-oekraiense-ontheemden-in-nederland  

Dutch Advisory Council on Migration | Adviesraad Migratie. (2023, August 23). Gespreksnotitie voor TK-
Rondetafelgesprek Spreidingswet - Een weg uit de asielopvangcrisis [Discussion notes for the parliamentary 
roundtable discussion Distribution Act - A way out of the asylum reception crisis]. 
https://www.adviesraadmigratie.nl/publicaties/publicaties/2023/05/23/gespreksnotitie-voor-rondetafelgesprek-
over-spreidingswet  

Dutch Advisory Council on Migration | Adviesraad Migratie. (2023, August 23). Naar een toekomstgericht 
migratiebeleid - Notitie voor programma’s Tweede Kamerverkiezingen [Towards a future-oriented migration policy 
- Note for House of Representatives election programmes]. 
https://www.adviesraadmigratie.nl/publicaties/publicaties/2023/08/23/naar-een-toekomstgericht-migratiebeleid---
notitie-voor-programmas-tweede-kamerverkiezingen  

Dutch Advisory Council on Migration | Adviesraad Migratie. (2023, August 23). Realism about Numerical Targets. 
Exploring immigration targets and quotas in Dutch policy. 
https://www.adviesraadmigratie.nl/publicaties/publicaties/2023/08/23/realism-about-numerical-targets.-exploring-
immigration-targets-and-quotas-in-dutch-policy  

Dutch Advisory Council on Migration | Adviesraad Migratie. (2023, September 26). Pleidooi voor een werkbare en 
goed uitvoerbare Spreidingswet [Plea for a workable and easily implementable Distribution Act]. 
https://www.adviesraadmigratie.nl/publicaties/publicaties/2023/09/26/herhaling-gezamenlijk-advies-
spreidingswet-am-rob  

Dutch Advisory Council on Migration | Adviesraad Migratie. (2023, September 27). Advies voor de nota van 
wijziging bij de novelle bij het wetsvoorstel Wet terugkeer en vreemdelingenbewaring [Advice for the letter of 
amendment to the novella accompanying the draft law on return and detention of foreign nationals]. 
https://www.adviesraadmigratie.nl/publicaties/publicaties/2023/09/27/advies-voor-de-nota-van-wijziging-bij-de-
novelle-bij-het-wetsvoorstel-wet-terugkeer-en-vreemdelingenbewaring  

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European Council on Refugees and Exiles. (August 2023). Reforming EU asylum law: the final stage. ECRE's 
analysis of the most important unresolved issues in the legislative reform of the Common European Asylum System 
(CEAS) and recommendations to the co-legislators. https://ecre.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Policy-Parper-
Reforming-EU-Asylum-Law-the-Final-Stage-August-2023.pdf  

European Policy Centre. (2023, June 13). One step closer to getting the EU Migration Pact done. One step closer 
to ambitious change? Discussion paper, European Migration and Diversity Programme. 
https://www.epc.eu/content/PDF/2023/EUMigrationPact_DP_v3.pdf  

Ghent University | Université de Gand. (September 2023). Guide Pratique pour les avoicates. Procédures de 
Protection Internationale Liées au Genre. Violences sexuelles ou basées sur le genre, orientation sexuelle et 
identité de genre [Practical Guide for Lawyers. Gender-Related International Protection Procedures. Sexual or 
gender-based violence, sexual orientation and gender identity]. https://nansen-refugee.be/wp-
content/uploads/2023/09/Guide-Pratique-UGent-2023_Procedures-de-PI-liees-au-genre_FR.pdf  

Górny, A., & Kaczmarczyk, P. (February 2023). Between Ukraine and Poland. Ukrainian migrants in Poland during 
the war. CMR Spotlight No. 2(48). https://www.migracje.uw.edu.pl/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Spotlight-
FEBRUARY-2023.pdf  

Jarosz, S., & Klaus, W. (Eds.). The Polish School of Assistance. Reception and integration of refugees from Ukraine 
in Poland in 2022. https://konsorcjum.org.pl/storage/2023/05/The-Polish-School-of-Assistance-Report.pdf  

Kaloridi, A., & Nicolet, D. (2023). Qui a une véritable seconde chance en Grèce? (Who has a real second chance in 
Greece?). Plein droit, 137(2), 39–42. https://www.cairn.info/revue-plein-droit-2023-2-page-39.html  

Kłos, A., & Latoszek, E. (Eds.). (2023). Global public goods and sustainable development in the practice of 
international organizations: Responding to challenges of today's world. Brill. 
https://brill.com/display/title/64093?language=en  

Leiza Brumat, Diego Caballero Vélez, & Marta Pachocka. (2023). The Role of International Organizations in Global 
Migration Governance: Sustainable Development as a Strategy for Extending Global Public Goods. In A. Kłos & E. 
Latoszek (Eds.), Global public goods and sustainable development in the practice of international organizations: 
Responding to challenges of today's world (pp. 85–106). Brill. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004687264_006  

Lesińska, M., & Okólski, M. (Eds.). 30 wykładów o migracjach [30 lectures about migration]. 
https://www.wuw.pl/product-pol-18419-30-wykladow-o-migracjach.html  

Migration Policy Group. (2024, May 15). Local stakeholders, researchers, and international actors convene in 
Brussels to discuss local level integration. https://www.migpolgroup.com/index.php/2023/11/13/whole-comm-
workshop-report/  

Migration Policy Institute. (January 2024). Top 10 Migration Issues of 2023. 
https://www.migrationpolicy.org/programs/migration-information-source/top-10-migration-issues-2023  

Moralli, M., Pachocka, M., & Leung, M. W. H. (2023). “Welcoming Spaces”: Migration and New Communities in 
Marginalised Regions. Journal of International Migration and Integration, 24(S5), 823–838. 
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-023-01092-y  

Pachocka, M. (2023, October 11). Relokacje – referendum w Polsce w 2023 roku a polityka azylowa Unii 
Europejskiej [Relocations - referendum in Poland in 2023 and the asylum policy of the European Union]. 
https://www.batory.org.pl/publikacja/relokacje-referendum-w-polsce-w-2023-roku-a-polityka-azylowa-unii-
europejskiej/  

Platform for International Cooperation on Undocumented Migrants, & European Council on Refugees and Exiles. 
(September 2023). Revision of the Multiannual Financial Framework: Key Recommendations on Migration and 
Asylum. https://ecre.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/PIC-MMF-revision.pdf  

Poya, F. (January 2023). Undocumented migrant women in Europe in the post-COVID period: Cases of Ireland, 
Malta and Poland and EU-wide implications [HumMingBird Briefing Paper]. European Network of Migrant Women. 
https://www.migrantwomennetwork.org/2023/02/02/hummingbird-briefing-paper/  

Poya, F., & Zobnina, A. (August 2023). Journey of Resilience of Migrant: Migrant women's experiences in transit, 
refugee camps/centres, and host countries of Spain, Italy, Belgium, France, and Germany. HumMingBird Project. 
https://www.migrantwomennetwork.org/2023/09/15/journeyofresilience/  

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SOURCES ON ASYLUM 2024 

Roels, L., & Casteleyn, L. (2023). Procédures de Protection Internationale Liées au Genre: Violences sexuelles ou 
basées sur le genre, orientation sexuelle et identité de genre. Guide Pratique pour les avocat·es [Gender-Related 
International Protection Procedures: Sexual or gender-based violence, sexual orientation and gender identity. 
Practical guide for lawyers] (5-6). University of Ghent. https://nansen-refugee.be/wp-
content/uploads/2023/09/Guide-Pratique-UGent-2023_Procedures-de-PI-liees-au-genre_FR.pdf  

Rossi, G. (2023). Operare sul campo, immaginare oltre. Gli Enti del Terzo Settore come enti di tutela e di 
promozione di diritti e pratiche nell’asilo e nell’accoglienza [Working in the field, imagining beyond. Third sector 
organisations as entities for the protection and promotion of rights and practices in asylum and reception.]. 
Incontrare Le Migrazioni. Spunti Per L’accoglienza E Inclusione Di Migranti, Richiedenti Asilo E Rifugiati [Meeting 
Migration. Suggestions for the Reception and Inclusion of Migrants, Asylum Seekers and Refugees]. 

Sobczak-Szelc, K., Pachocka, M., & Szałańska, J. (2024). The Integration of Refugees in the Education and Labour 
Markets: Between Inclusion and Exclusion Practices. https://www.routledge.com/The-Integration-of-Refugees-in-
the-Education-and-Labour-Markets-Between/Sobczak-Szelc-Pachocka-Szaaska/p/book/9781032116662  

Swiss Economics. (2023, September 12). Anreizwirkung der pauschalen Abgeltung für die Rechtsvertretung im 
Asylverfahren [Incentive effect of the flat-rate compensation for legal representation in the asylum procedure]. 
https://www.swiss-economics.ch/blog/items/Anreizwirkung-Pauschalen-Rechtsvertretung-Asylverfahren.html  

Verblijfblog. (2023, June 13). Vaststellingsprocedure staatloosheid en uitgebreid optierecht voor staatloze 
kinderen: het wachten waard? [Statelessness determination procedure and extensive option rights for stateless 
children: worth the wait?]. https://verblijfblog.nl/vaststellingsprocedure-staatloosheid-en-uitgebreid-optierecht-
voor-staatloze-kinderen-het-wachten-waard/  

Wach, D., Kaczmarczyk, P., & Pachocka, M. (2023). Ost-Mitteleuropa – Fallbeispiel Polen [Eastern-Central Europe - 
Poland Case study]. Flucht- Und Flüchtlingsforschung: Handbuch Für Wissenschaft Und Studium [Refugee and 
Refugee Research: Handbook for Science and Studies]. 

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9. Media 

El País (2023, August 9). Logroño se suma a Cantabria en el rechazo a albergar un centro de refugiados [Logroño 
joins Cantabria in refusing to host a refugee centre]. https://elpais.com/espana/2023-08-09/logrono-se-suma-a-
cantabria-en-el-rechazo-a-albergar-un-centro-de-refugiados.html#  

Euractiv (2023, September 1). Критик на Путин получи убежище в България от втория опит [A critic of Putin was 
granted asylum in Bulgaria on the second attempt]. 
https://euractiv.bg/section/%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b2%d0%be%d1%81%d1%8a%d0%b4%d0%b8%d0%b5-
%d0%b8-%d0%b2%d1%8a%d1%82%d1%80%d0%b5%d1%88%d0%b5%d0%bd-
%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b4/news/%d0%ba%d1%80%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%ba-%d0%bd%d0%b0-
%d0%bf%d1%83%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%bd-%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%bb%d1%83%d1%87%d0%b8-
%d1%83%d0%b1%d0%b5%d0%b6%d0%b8%d1%89%d0%b5-%d0%b2-%d0%b1%d1%8a%d0%bb%d0%b3%d0%b0/  

Il Post. (2023, August 21). Il governo ha cambiato i criteri per distribuire i migranti nelle regioni italiane [The 
government has changed the criteria for distributing migrants in Italian regions]. 
https://www.ilpost.it/2023/08/21/distribuzione-migranti-regione-criterio-estensione-
territorio/?utm_medium=social&utm_source=facebook&utm_campaign=lancio  

InfoMigrants. (2023, August 23). Germany's new citizenship law: What changes can you expect? 
https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/51324/germanys-new-citizenship-law-what-changes-can-you-expect  

InfoMigrants. (2023, October 16). Are growing asylum claims putting Germany under pressure? 
https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/52572/are-growing-asylum-claims-putting-germany-under-pressure  

InfoMigrants. (2023, October 24). Germany: Reception center reopens but pressure on asylum facilities remains 
high. https://www.infomigrants.net/en/post/52769/germany-reception-center-reopens-but-pressure-on-asylum-
facilities-remains-high  

Irishexaminer.com (2023, January 15). Government seeks to cut time it takes to decide applications from people 
looking for asylum. https://www.irishexaminer.com/news/arid-41049113.html?msdynttrid=x1-g50Ji1sCWVYwP--
63ce6FFP1abie5cPzBXN5eR5Q  

La Repubblica (2023, August 16). Migranti, sarà a Pozzallo il primo centro per le espulsioni accelerate alla frontiera 
per chi arriva da Paesi sicuri [Migrants, the first center for accelerated returns at the border for those arriving from 
safe countries will be in Pozzallo]. 
https://www.repubblica.it/cronaca/2023/08/16/news/migranti_pozzallo_primo_centro_espulsioni_accelerate_fronti
era-411213249/?ref=pay_amp  

La strada International. (2024, January 28). Political agreement on revision EU Anti-trafficking law reached. 
https://www.lastradainternational.org/news/political-agreement-reached-on-revision-of-the-eu-anti-trafficking-law/  

The Irish Times (2023, October 18). Refugee accommodation shortage merits public concern and debate. 
https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/2023/10/18/refugee-accommodation-shortage-merits-public-concern-and-
debate/  

Vie di fuga - Osservatorio permanente sui rifugiati (2023, May 20). La Nigeria Paese d’origine sicuro? “Una 
politicizzazione del diritto” [Is Nigeria a safe country of origin? “A politicization of law”]. Vie Di Fuga - Osservatorio 
Permanente Sui Rifugiati. https://viedifuga.org/la-nigeria-per-litalia-da-aprile-e-un-paese-dorigine-sicuro/  

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