Commission Recommendation (EU) 2024/1722 of 17 June 2024 setting out guidelines for the interpretation of Article 4 of Directive (EU) 2023/1791 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards energy efficiency targets and national contributions
Date: 2024-06-17
Institutions: Directorate-General for Energy, European Commission
Subjects: EU energy policy, Member States' contribution, adaptation to climate change, energy consumption, energy efficiency, energy saving, energy supply, energy use, reduction of gas emissions, security of supply




L_202401722EN.000101.fmx.xml












Official Journal of the European Union


EN
L series













2024/1722


19.6.2024







            COMMISSION RECOMMENDATION (EU) 2024/1722
of 17 June 2024
         
setting out guidelines for the interpretation of Article 4 of Directive (EU) 2023/1791 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards energy efficiency targets and national contributions


THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,

Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Article 292 thereof,

Whereas:







(1)


Directive 2012/27/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council (1) introduced a requirement to achieve the headline target of at least 32,5 % energy savings at the Union level by 2030.












(2)


Directive (EU) 2023/1791 of the European Parliament and of the Council (2) was adopted on 13 September 2023. It recast Directive 2012/27/EU, keeping some of its provisions unchanged while, at the same time, introducing some new requirements. In particular, it significantly raised the level of ambition for 2030 in terms of energy efficiency, including on the Union’s 2030 energy efficiency targets and national contributions.












(3)


Directive (EU) 2023/1791 sets a target for the Union to consume at least 11,7 % less energy by 2030 compared to the projected energy use for 2030 based on the 2020 EU reference scenario, which is 1 124 Mtoe for primary energy consumption and 864 Mtoe for final energy consumption. This translates into an indicative primary energy consumption target of 992,5 million tonnes of oil equivalent (Mtoe) and a binding final energy consumption target of 763 Mtoe at Union level by 2030.












(4)


For the Union to reach the final target by 2030, each Member State should notify an indicative national target for its 2030 final energy consumption, together with an indicative trajectory to achieve it, as part of its National Energy and Climate Plan by June 2024.












(5)


Directive (EU) 2023/1791 introduces a formula in its Annex I to calculate, in a fair and transparent manner, indicative national contributions for all Member States, and for both primary and final energy consumption. The formula takes into account the Member State’s early efforts, wealth, energy intensity and potential for energy savings.












(6)


It follows from Directive (EU) 2023/1791 that Member States have full flexibility on how the national contribution is calculated. However, in accordance with Article 4(2) of Directive (EU) 2023/1791, they are to ensure that their national contribution in Mtoe is not more than 2,5 % above what it would have been as the result of the formula of Annex I. In any case, Member States are to provide a description of how they calculated that target and what data were used to do so.












(7)


To ensure the achievement of the Union’s 2030 energy efficiency targets, Directive (EU) 2023/1791 strengthens the governance mechanisms that were introduced by Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 of the European Parliament and of the Council (3). Directive (EU) 2023/1791 introduces an ambition gap mechanism for the final energy consumption target that will be triggered in case the sum of the targets notified by the Member States does not meet the binding Union target. Finally, it introduces a gap-filling mechanism that will be used to ask Member States to design and notify new measures if they deviate from their trajectory to their 2030 final energy consumption target.












(8)


The introduction of the formula of Annex I to Directive (EU) 2023/1791 and the governance mechanisms do not limit the flexibility of Member States to decide on what targets they would set or how they would achieve them. However, these mechanisms ensure that all Member States will do their fair share of effort to achieve the collective binding Union-level target for final energy consumption, and as much as possible the collective indicative Union-level target for primary energy consumption.












(9)


Member States can choose at their discretion the way of transposing and implementing the requirements regarding energy services, that is best suited to their national circumstances. In this context, it would be recommended to interpret the relevant provisions of Directive (EU) 2023/1791 in a consistent way which would contribute to a coherent understanding of Directive (EU) 2023/1791 across Member States as they prepare their transposition measures,





HAS ADOPTED THIS RECOMMENDATION:


Member States should follow the interpretative guidelines in the Annex to this Recommendation when transposing Article 4 of Directive (EU) 2023/1791 into their national law.



Done at Brussels, 17 June 2024.


For the Commission

Kadri SIMSON
            

Member of the Commission






(1)  Directive 2012/27/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 on energy efficiency, amending Directives 2009/125/EC and 2010/30/EU and repealing Directives 2004/8/EC and 2006/32/EC (OJ L 315, 14.11.2012, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/dir/2012/27/oj).,

(2)  Directive (EU) 2023/1791 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 September 2023 on energy efficiency and amending Regulation (EU) 2023/955 (recast) (OJ L 231, 20.9.2023, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/dir/2023/1791/oj).

(3)  Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on the Governance of the Energy Union and Climate Action, amending Regulations (EC) No 663/2009 and (EC) No 715/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council, Directives 94/22/EC, 98/70/EC, 2009/31/EC, 2009/73/EC, 2010/31/EU, 2012/27/EU and 2013/30/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, Council Directives 2009/119/EC and (EU) 2015/652 and repealing Regulation (EU) No 525/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 328, 21.12.2018, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1999/oj).




ANNEX
1.   INTRODUCTION

These guidelines provide guidance to Member States on how to interpret Article 4 of Directive (EU) 2023/1791 when transposing it into their national legislation.
In comparison to Directive 2012/27/EU, Directive (EU) 2023/1791 introduces a number of new provisions:






—


a formula (Article 4(2)), which can be used to set the indicative national contribution (Annex I). The national contributions should not deviate more than 2,5 % compared to the result of this formula,










—


an updated baseline (Article 4(1)) based on the 2020 Reference Scenario,










—


an ambition-gap mechanism (Article 4(5)), to be used in case the sum of the national contributions of all Member States does not equal the Union’s target for final energy consumption (FEC),










—


a delivery gap-filling mechanism (Article 4(6)), which will be applied if insufficient progress has been made towards achieving the energy efficiency contributions,










—


a new definition for the FEC (Article 2(6)) which is aligned with the new Eurostat methodology for the calculation of FEC but keeps the previous scope that excludes ambient energy and includes energy consumption in international aviation.




Nonetheless, the binding interpretation of Union legislation is the exclusive competence of the Court of Justice of the European Union.
2.   LEGAL AND POLICY CONTEXT

By setting the overall binding Union target for energy efficiency, Article 4 of Directive (EU) 2023/1791 is closely interlinked with other Articles in Directive (EU) 2023/1791 that contribute to this target.
Furthermore, Article 4 of Directive (EU) 2023/1791 builds on Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 of the European Parliament and of the Council (1) concerning:






—


the draft integrated national energy and climate plans (NECP),










—


the update of the integrated NECP,










—


the integrated national energy and climate progress reports (NECPRs),










—


the assessment of progress to achieve national objectives, targets, and contributions.




Last, Regulation (EC) No 1099/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council (2) on energy statistics forms the basis for the annual reporting of the PEC and FEC by Member States.
3.   KEY TERMS USED IN THESE GUIDELINES

The following key terms are the most relevant in the context of interpreting the scope of the obligations under Article 4.

Primary energy consumption


               ‘Primary energy consumption’ or ‘PEC’ is defined in Article 2, point (5) of Directive (EU) 2023/1791 to mean the gross available energy, excluding international maritime bunkers, final non-energy consumption and ambient energy.

Final energy consumption


               ‘Final energy consumption’ or ‘FEC’ is defined in Article 2, point (6) of Directive (EU) 2023/1791 to mean all energy supplied to industry, to transport, including energy consumption in international aviation, to households, to public and private services, to agriculture, to forestry, to fishing and to other end-use sectors, excluding energy consumption in international maritime bunkers, ambient energy and deliveries to the transformation sector and to the energy sector, and losses due to transmission and distribution as defined in Annex A to Regulation (EC) No 1099/2008.

Ambient energy


               ‘Ambient energy’ is defined in Article 2, point (7) of Directive (EU) 2023/1791 to mean ambient energy as defined in Article 2, point (2), of Directive (EU) 2018/2001.

Energy efficiency


               ‘Energy efficiency’ is defined in Article 2, point (8) of Directive (EU) 2023/1791 to mean the ratio of output of performance, service, goods or energy to input of energy.

Energy savings


               ‘Energy savings’ is defined in Article 2, point (9) of Directive (EU) 2023/1791 to mean an amount of saved energy determined by measuring or estimating consumption, or both, before and after the implementation of an energy efficiency improvement measure, whilst ensuring normalisation for external conditions that affect energy consumption.

Energy efficiency improvement


               ‘Energy efficiency improvement’ is defined in Article 2, point (10) of Directive (EU) 2023/1791 to mean an increase in energy efficiency as a result of any technological, behavioural or economic changes.
4.   OBLIGATIONS RELATED TO ARTICLE 4

Article 4 describes the sequence and timeline of steps that Member States and the Commission will take to set the indicative national contributions. These are described in Figure 1.

Figure 1


Timeline of Article 4
                      (3)






4.1.   Setting and notification of the national contributions

4.1.1.   Target setting in Article 4

In accordance with Article 4(2) of Directive (EU) 2023/1791, each Member State is to set and notify an indicative national contribution for FEC together with an indicative trajectory to achieve it as part of their draft (updated) National Energy and Climate Plans (with a deadline for submission on 30 June 2023). In addition, they should have made efforts to contribute to the Union’s indicative PEC target. To this end, they should have notified a national contribution for PEC together with an indicative trajectory to achieve it (latest opportunity was in their draft updated NECPs).
Article 4 of Directive (EU) 2023/1791 provides a list of factors and national circumstances that the Member States can use to calculate their contributions. Notably, the factors in Article 4(3), point (d), are reflected in the formula that is set out in Annex I to Directive (EU) 2023/1791 and which is explained in detail in Section 4.1.2 of this Annex.
In accordance with Article 4(4) of Directive (EU) 2023/1791, in setting its indicative national energy efficiency contribution for FEC, each Member State has to ensure that its contribution in Mtoe is not more than 2,5 % above what it would have been had it resulted from the formula set out in Annex I to Directive (EU) 2023/1791. As an example, if the formula of Annex I to that Directive indicates that the indicative national energy efficiency contribution of a Member State for FEC in 2030 should be 10 Mtoe (absolute level of FEC in 2030), the Member State has to notify a value below 10,25 Mtoe.
Finally, Member States are to provide the shares of primary energy consumption and final energy consumption for the different energy end-use sectors, as defined in Regulation (EC) No 1099/2008. The objective is to collect, in a consistent manner, the projections for each sector by 2030 and assess how the energy consumption in different sectors evolve. These sectors include at least industry, residential, services and transport.
Member States have also to indicate projections by 2030 for the total energy consumption of the ICT sector.
4.1.2.   The formula of Annex I to Directive (EU) 2023/1791

Annex I to Directive (EU) 2023/1791 sets out a multi-factor formula that includes all the factors listed in Article 4(3), points (d) and (e), of Directive (EU) 2023/1791. The aim of the formula is to allow Member States to determine their contributions to the Union target in a fair and feasible manner.
Four factors affecting energy efficiency efforts are considered. Each factor has the same weight in the calculation of the national contributions:






—



Early actions factor: the factor measures the average progress in historical energy consumption levels, relative to the Union average, between the periods 2007-2009 and 2017-2019. The early action factor is calculated by multiplying two metrics:






—


the amount of energy savings in the two periods, and










—


the improvements in energy intensity (4) achieved by each Member State during the same periods.




The reason for using two metrics is to better measure energy savings achieved due to energy-related action rather than other reasons (e.g. economic recession), and to avoid penalising those Member States that increased their energy consumption due to strong economic growth trends. As the early action factor is the product of the two metrics and the one should not cancel out or amplify the other. The two metrics are capped at 50 % and 100 % of the average for the Union. Then, pursuant to Annex I to Directive (EU) 2023/1791, the total early action factor is also capped at 50 % and 100 % of the average for the Union.










—



Wealth factor: the factor measures each Member State’s wealth in the period 2017-2019. The wealth of Member States is represented by the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita. The GDP indicator is expressed in Purchasing Power Standard (PPS) (5) to eliminate the effect of price level differences across Member States. Member States with higher GDP per capita than the EU average have a relatively more ambitious target and vice versa. The level of ambition is capped at 50 % and 150 % of the EU average level of ambition.










—



Energy intensity factor: the factor measures how energy intensive a Member State is against the EU average in the period 2017-2019. Member States with an energy intensity higher than the EU average will have a relatively more ambitious target and vice versa. According to Annex I to Directive (EU) 2023/1791, the level of ambition is capped at 50 % and 150 % of the EU average level of ambition.
It is worth noting that this energy intensity factor does not capture the same information as the second metric in the early actions factor. The energy intensity factor represents the average energy intensity of the economy in the period 2017-2019 as a proxy for the technical potential for energy efficiency measures. The factor does not measure what the starting point or the trajectory to this value of energy intensity was. In contrast, the second metric in the early actions factor represents the relative improvement of the energy intensity of the economy in a whole period (2007-2009 to 2017-2019) as a proxy for the efforts that a Member State made during this period.










—



Savings potential factor: the factor measures each Member State’s economic potential for energy efficiency. This potential is calculated by comparing the energy consumption of each Member State under the PRIMES MIX 55 % scenario for 2030 (policy target) to the energy consumption under the (updated) 2020 Reference Scenario projections for 2030 (baseline). Pursuant to Annex I to Directive (EU) 2023/1791, the level of ambition in capped at 50 % and 150 % of the EU average level of ambition.




The total factor for each member State is calculated as the average of the four factors mentioned in points (1) to (4). Then, the Member State’s target, in percentage, is calculated by multiplying the total factor with the EU target set in Article 4(1) of Directive (EU) 2023/1791, which is at least –11,7 %. The Member State’s target, in Mtoe, is calculated by applying the Member State’s target in percentage to its 2030 baseline under the 2020 Reference Scenario. As an example, a Member State applies the formula for FEC and obtains a total factor of 85,45 %. By multiplying by –11,7 %, it finds that its target, in percentage, is -10 %. The Member State looks at its 2030 FEC baseline according to the 2020 Reference Scenario and finds that this is 10 Mtoe. It uses its target in percentage (-10 %) to calculate its target in Mtoe, i.e. 9 Mtoe.
As a final step, a correction factor is applied to all Member States to calibrate the sum of all national contributions, in Mtoe, to the EU 2030 target, in Mtoe. The correction factor is mentioned in Annex I to Directive (EU) 2023/1791and its calculation is described in detail in point A.2.5 of this Annex. The correction factor is multiplied with each individual national contribution to give the final, corrected national contribution, in Mtoe. Each of the correction factors, one for the FEC calculations and one for the PEC calculations, is identical for all Member States.
Pursuant to Article 4(2) of Directive (EU) 2023/1791when calculating the national contributions (for both FEC and PEC), a Member State has full flexibility on how this will be done. Article 4(3) of Directive (EU) 2023/1791 lists the requirements and characteristics that a Member State has to consider in this calculation. Point (d) of that paragraph refers to the factors of the formula set out in Annex I to Directive (EU) 2023/1791 while point (e) of that paragraph adds more relevant elements (‘national circumstances’) that Member States can use to justify their selection of a calculation methodology, and the data they will use. It should be mentioned that the list of Article 4(3), point (e), of Directive (EU) 2023/1791 is not exhaustive. Article 4 of Directive (EU) 2023/1791 implies, that a Member State that will not use the formula set out in Annex I to Directive (EU) 2023/1791 has to use the requirements set out in Article 4(3), points (a) to (e), of Directive (EU) 2023/1791 to calculate its national contributions.
In all cases, Member States have explained how the national contributions were calculated. In case a Member State used solely the formula set out in Annex I to Directive (EU) 2023/1791 and notified the result, it would suffice to explain that it used the formula set out in Annex I to Directive (EU) 2023/1791. In all other cases, the explanation has to include a description of both the calculation methodology and what data were used in this methodology.
4.2.   Updated 2020 Reference Scenario

Pursuant to Article 4(5) of Directive (EU) 2023/1791, the Commission has updated the 2020 Reference Scenario based on the latest Eurostat data. Member States that wish to update their national contributions, as these should have been notified in their draft updated NECPs using the updated 2020 Reference Scenario instead of the existing one, shall notify that updated contribution at the latest by 1 February 2024.
The updated 2020 Reference Scenario affects the calculation of the national contributions in all steps described above and has resulted in a second set of formula results for all Member States as compared to the ones they had at their disposal when preparing their draft (updated) NECPs, for both FEC and PEC:






(a)


the updated 2020 Reference Scenario affects the savings potential factor, as the Reference Scenario is used in its calculation (see Section 3.2 for the savings potential factor formula). The other three factors will remain unchanged as they only use the Eurostat data;










(b)


consequently, both the total factor – calculated as the average of the four factors – and the Member State’s target, in percentage, is different;










(c)


furthermore, a Member State’s contribution, in Mtoe, is affected since the FEC and PEC baselines for 2030 have changed according to the updated Reference Scenario;










(d)


finally, the Commission has recalculated the correction factors for the results of the formula under the updated 2020 Reference Scenario, thus resulting in a second full set of indicative FEC and PEC contributions for all Member States.




In accordance with Article 4(5) of Directive (EU) 2023/1791, Member States that decide to use the results of the updated 2020 Reference Scenario, have to again ensure that their contribution in Mtoe is not more than 2,5 % above what it would have been had it resulted from the formula set out in Annex I to Directive (EU) 2023/1791 when using the updated 2020 Reference Scenario.
4.3.   Ambition gap mechanism: assessment by the Commission and timeline

As part of the assessment of the draft updated NECP carried out in December 2023, in compliance with Regulation (EU) 2018/1999, the Commission has assessed whether the collective contribution is at least equal to the Union binding target for final energy consumption and whether the collective contribution is at least equal to the indicative Union target for primary energy consumption.
As the sum of the indicative national contributions for FEC is not sufficient to reach the Union’s binding target, Commission issued country specific recommendations, in accordance with Article 34 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999, including that the national contribution(s) of a Member States(s) should be increased.
One of the new provisions in Article 4 of Directive (EU) 2023/1791 is the introduction of an ambition gap mechanism for the energy efficiency Union target. This mechanism is to be based on the assessment that the Commission will perform to ensure that the collective contribution of Member States is at least equal to the Union’s binding target for FEC set out in Article 4(1) of Directive (EU) 2023/1791. Thus, the ambition gap mechanism will be applied only if Member States’ collective contributions do not add up to that Union target, as a result of the Commission assessment of the draft updated NECPs.
The starting point for the ambition gap mechanism are the national contributions notified by the Member States as part of their draft updated NECPs and the Union target for final energy consumption (in Mtoe) in Article 4(1) of Directive (EU) 2023/1791.
For the sole purpose of the ambition gap assessment, the Commission will assume, based on Article 31(2), third subparagraph of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999, the national contributions for the Member States that did not submit a national contribution as part of their updated draft NECP or until 1 February 2024.
Thus, the sequence for determining Member States’ contributions was:






(a)


if a Member State notified an indicative national contribution for FEC as part of its draft updated NECP, the Commission has used this indicative national contribution (in Mtoe) in its assessment of draft updated NECPs;










(b)


if a Member State did not notify an indicative national contribution as part of its draft updated NECP, the Commission has assumed the indicative national contribution for FEC from the Member State’s final NECP notified in 2020 (in Mtoe).




At the latest by 1 March 2024, the Commission can submit to each Member State a corrected indicative national energy efficiency contribution for FEC, taking into account the updated 2020 reference scenario, as compared to the contribution submitted by Member States in their draft updated NECPs or, in its absence, to the one assumed by the Commission in its assessment carried out in December 2023.
The Commission will assess the notified national contributions for all Member States but, in accordance with to Article 4(5) of Directive (EU) 2023/1791, it will only correct national contributions when the sum of the contributions by Member States is insufficient to reach the Union binding target; corrections will only be addressed to the Member States whose notified contribution for FEC (in Mtoe) is above the contribution that results from the application of the formula set out in Annex I to Directive (EU) 2023/1791.
Member States will then be required to include their final national contribution, considering the corrected one if relevant, as part of their final NECP to be submitted in June 2024.
4.4.   Calculation of the corrected national contribution

Article 4(5) of Directive (EU) 2023/1791 requires the Commission to submit to each Member State a corrected indicative national energy efficiency contribution for FEC on the basis of three criteria:






(a)


the remaining collective reduction of final energy consumption needed to achieve the Union’s binding target set out in Article 4(1) of Directive (EU) 2023/1791;










(b)


the relative GHG intensity per GDP unit in 2019 among the Member States concerned;










(c)


the GDP of those Member States in 2019.




The elements of Article 4(5) of Directive (EU) 2023/1791 give some indications on how the Commission should formulate the ambition gap mechanism. The Commission will employ a new formula to calculate the corrected national contributions for FEC and for Member States that fall under the ambition gap mechanism.
4.5.   The delivery gap filling mechanism: Monitoring progress and tackling insufficient progress

Article 4(6) of Directive (EU) 2023/1791 deals with the monitoring of progress and the additional action that needs to be taken in case the progress of Member States is deemed insufficient.
Pursuant to Article 29 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999, the Commission has to assess the progress made by Member States towards achieving the objectives of the Energy Union and the EU energy efficiency target, by 31 October 2021 and every two years thereafter.
Pursuant to the new provisions of Article 4(6) of Directive (EU) 2023/1791, if the above-mentioned assessment concludes that one or more Member States make insufficient progress towards their energy efficiency contributions, i.e. having a FEC above their indicative trajectory for 2030, Member States are due to implement additional measures to get back on track. These additional measures and the energy savings they are expected to yield should be included in their integrated national energy and climate progress report (NECPRs) pursuant to Article 17 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999, which are submitted on a biennial basis (2025, 2027, 2029…).
The Commission will then assess whether it considers these measures to be sufficient to achieve the Union’s energy efficiency targets. If this is not the case, the Commission can, as appropriate, propose measures and exercise its power at Union level to assure the achievement of the 2030 targets for energy efficiency.
It is important to stress that, pursuant to Article 4(6) of Directive (EU) 2023/1791 Member States shall ensure that additional measures are implemented within one year of the date of receipt of the Commission’s assessment to get back on track to reach their energy efficiency contributions.
Directive (EU) 2023/1791 lists four types of actions that can be taken to tackle insufficient progress:






(1)



national measures delivering additional energy savings, including stronger project development assistance for the implementation of energy efficiency investment measures.

Member States could assess the policies and measures already in place and evaluate their effectiveness. In case of implementation barriers, a first step could be to remove these barriers, so that the implemented measures will yield more savings. A potential second step could be, if feasible, to make conditions of policies and measures stricter, thus increasing the anticipated energy savings.
A third option would be to implement new policies and measures delivering additional savings. Inspiration for new, additional policies and measures is linked to the other articles of this Directive, and their recommendations. Moreover, examples of energy efficiency policies and measures implemented in the Member States are included in the MURE database (6).
Additionally, the EEA has a database on greenhouse gas policies and measures (7) (related to energy efficiency as well) that Member States have implemented, have adopted, or are planning in frame of their reporting obligations under Regulation (EU) 2018/1999.










(2)



increasing the energy savings obligation set out in Article 8

Article 8 on the energy savings obligation sets the target for annual energy savings, which can be achieved either by establishing an energy efficiency obligation scheme (Article 9) or by adopting alternative policy measures (Article 10). A Member State could consider increasing the target for annual energy savings or implementing new measures under its obligation scheme in order to stimulate new savings in already included sectors or savings in new sectors that were not included in the obligation scheme until then.










(3)



adjusting the obligation for public sector

Articles 5, 6 and 7 include obligations for the public sector. A Member State could consider additional measures like raising the 1,9 % target or expanding the scope of the public sector by including further entities. In addition, Article 29(4) refers to the energy performance contracting for public bodies’ buildings and Article 29(5) to energy service offers in the public sector. Member States could further promote such measures to increase the savings stemming from Articles 5, 6 and 7.










(4)



making a voluntary financial contribution to the national energy efficiency fund referred to in Article 30 or another financing instrument dedicated to energy efficiency, where the annual financial contributions shall be equal to the investments required to reach the indicative trajectory.





5.   REPORTING REQUIREMENTS

5.1.   Update of the integrated National Energy and Climate Plans

In accordance with Article 14(2) of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999, Member States are required to submit by 30 June 2024 an update of their latest notified integrated national energy and climate plan (NECP). Article 14(1) of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 requires the Member States to provide a draft update of the NECP always a year prior to the submission deadline of Article 14(2) of that Regulation.
In accordance with Article 4(2) of Directive (EU) 2023/1791, Member States should have included their indicative nation energy efficiency contribution and submitted by 30 June 2023. If they wish to use the updated scenario, Member States shall notify in their updated indicative national energy efficiency contribution to take into account the updated 2020 Reference Scenario by 1 February 2024, as provided for in Article 4(5) of Directive (EU) 2023/1791. Finally, Member States shall submit a final update of the NECP including their indicative nation energy efficiency contribution, updated where relevant in line with the submission deadline of 30 June 2024, as provided for by Article 14(2) of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999.
Further details on the updating of the integrated national energy and climate plans are provided in the various sections of Chapter 4 of this Annex.
5.2.   Reporting the progress on the energy efficiency targets

Article 17 of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 requires Member States to submit every two years their National Energy and Climate Progress Reports. Additionally, Article 21 of that Regulation further expands on the reporting requirements of Member States regarding energy efficiency. As laid down in Article 21 of that Regulation, Member States have an obligation to annually report on the progress of the indicative trajectories for the national PEC and FEC from 2021 to 2030.


APPENDIX A
A.1.   Data codes and indicators

The implementation of the Annex I formula is based on statistics extracted from the Eurostat database. In this section the necessary calculations will be described step by step, by:






—


listing the Eurostat datasets and the data codes of the required indicators,










—


analysing the individual steps for the calculation of the four factors and the total factors,










—


including the Eurostat input data for all Member States to implement the formula.




For the calculation of the energy indicators, the Eurostat ‘Complete_Energy_Balances’, NRG_BAL_C, update of March 2023 has been used.
The FINAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION (FEC) indicator used in Directive (EU) 2023/1791 can be calculated from the following Eurostat data:















The Final Consumption could be disaggregated to Final Consumption – industry sector – energy use (FC_IND_E); Final Consumption – transport sector – energy use (FC_TRA_E); Final Consumption – other sectors – energy use (FC_OTH_E). Other sectors include commercial and public services, households, agriculture and forestry, fishing, and sectors not elsewhere specified.
The PRIMARY ENERGY CONSUMPTION (PEC) indicator used in the Directive 2023/1791/EU can be calculated based on the following Eurostat data:










The GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT PER CAPITA (GDP/cap) is calculated from the Eurostat data tables NAMA_10_GDP for GDP at purchasing power standards (PPS), unit of measure: current prices, million purchasing power standards (CP_MPPS_EU27_2020) and TPS00001 for population, demographic indicator: Population on 1 January (JAN).
The ENERGY INTENSITY indicator is given by the following equation:










Finally, the source for PRIMES MIX 55 % Scenario and 2020 Reference Scenario projections for 2030 is the PRIMES model run by the E3MLab of National Technical University of Athens (NTUA).
A.2.   Steps of implementing the formula

A.2.1.   Early action factor

The EARLY ACTION FACTOR (Fearly action) includes as metrics the primary and final energy savings generated in the period from 2007-2009 to 2017-2019 and the difference in energy intensity registered when comparing the same periods. It is composed by two sub-factors:
The SAVINGS SUB-FACTOR (% of FEC and PEC reduction) is calculated as:





This result is weighted with the respective EU value:





The result should be cropped between the limits of the 50 %-100 %. If the final value is negative the calculated value is 0 or negative (meaning that there are no generated savings in the selected timeframe), the cropped final value will be equal to 100 %.
The change in INTENSITY SUB-FACTOR (FEI or PEI reduction %) is calculated as:





This result is weighted with the respective EU value:





The result should be cropped between the limits of the 50 %-100 %. The cropping rules are the same as in the case of savings sub-factor. The early action factor is the product of the final values of the savings sub-factor and the change in intensity sub-factor.





This product should be cropped again between the limits of 50 %-100 %.
A.2.2   Wealth factor

The WEALTH FACTOR (Fwealth) includes as main indicator the GDP per capita in Purchasing Power Parities. It could be given by the following formula:





A.2.3   Energy intensity factor

The ENERGY INTENSITY FACTOR (Fintensity) includes as main indicator the primary and final energy intensity. Primary and final energy intensity are equal to the ratios of PEC and FEC to the GDP in PPS. It could be given by the following formula:





A.2.4.   Savings potential factor

The SAVINGS POTENTIAL FACTOR (Fpotential) includes as main indicator the potential cost-optimal savings calculated by the PRIMES model. More specifically, the savings are calculated based on the difference between the baseline 2030 projections of the 2020 Reference Scenario (8) and the PRIMES MIX 55 % scenario. These savings are weighted to EU ambition (11,7 %). This factor could be calculated with the following formula:





Fwealth, Fintensity and Fpotential should be capped between 50 % and 150 % in order to limit the effect of those values that could be extremely high or extremely low.
A.2.5.   Total factor

The TOTAL FACTOR (Ftotal) (point 9 and point 2 of the Annex I) is equal to the weighted sum of the four previously analysed factors (early actions factor, wealth factor, intensity factor, and savings potential factor). All the factors have the same weight in the formula (0.25 each). As a result of that, the total factor can be calculated by the following formula:





The TARGET (point 9 of the Annex I) is equal to the product of the total factor and the EU target. Consequently, it can be provided by the following formula:





The CORRECTION FACTOR (CEU) is calculated by the Commission, is identical for all the Member States and can be provided by the following formula:





Annex I of the Directive 2023/1791/EU provides the following indicative formulas for calculating the FEC and PEC national contribution to the Union’s 2030 targets:










FECB2030 and PECB2030 indicators are the 2030 FEC and PEC values calculated as baselines for the 2020 Reference Scenario projections.

A.3.   Data for the formula

The following section provide data tables that can be used by the Member States as an input when implementing these formulas to calculate their contributions.
A.3.1.   Early action factor


Table 1


FEC, in Mtoe















 


2007


2008


2009


Average (2007-2009)


2017


2018


2019


Average (2017-2019)


Reduction (%)





EU



1 004,3 


1 013,9 


965,1 


994,5 


968,5 


971,9 


967,2 


969,2 


-3 





BE



33,8 


35,3 


34,2 


34,4 


34,5 


34,8 


34,2 


34,5 


0 





BG



10,0 


9,8 


8,6 


9,5 


9,9 


9,9 


9,9 


9,9 


5 





CZ



24,9 


24,9 


24,1 


24,7 


24,7 


24,4 


24,4 


24,5 


-1 





DK



15,7 


15,5 


14,8 


15,3 


14,6 


14,6 


14,3 


14,5 


-6 





DE



207,4 


216,3 


204,3 


209,4 


213,0 


209,3 


209,3 


210,5 


1 





EE



3,1 


3,1 


2,8 


3,0 


2,9 


3,0 


2,9 


2,9 


-2 





IE



13,2 


13,2 


11,8 


12,7 


11,8 


12,4 


12,4 


12,2 


-4 





EL



22,1 


21,4 


20,6 


21,4 


16,4 


15,9 


16,2 


16,2 


-24 





ES



97,4 


94,0 


87,5 


92,9 


83,7 


85,7 


85,6 


85,0 


-9 





FR



149,6 


151,8 


146,6 


149,3 


145,5 


143,6 


142,4 


143,8 


-4 





HR



7,3 


7,4 


7,2 


7,3 


6,9 


6,9 


6,9 


6,9 


-5 





IT



132,4 


132,4 


124,9 


129,9 


114,4 


115,5 


114,6 


114,8 


-12 





CY



1,9 


2,0 


1,9 


1,9 


1,9 


1,9 


1,9 


1,9 


-4 





LV



4,4 


4,2 


4,0 


4,2 


4,0 


4,2 


4,1 


4,1 


-2 





LT



5,2 


5,1 


4,6 


5,0 


5,3 


5,6 


5,6 


5,5 


10 





LU



4,3 


4,4 


4,1 


4,3 


4,2 


4,3 


4,4 


4,3 


1 





HU



17,1 


17,1 


16,8 


17,0 


18,1 


18,1 


18,2 


18,1 


7 





MT



0,5 


0,5 


0,5 


0,5 


0,6 


0,7 


0,7 


0,7 


38 





NL



51,5 


52,5 


50,6 


51,6 


48,3 


48,8 


47,8 


48,3 


-6 





AT



26,0 


26,0 


25,2 


25,7 


26,9 


26,5 


26,8 


26,8 


4 





PL



60,5 


61,6 


61,0 


61,1 


69,9 


73,9 


72,7 


72,2 


18 





PT



19,0 


18,4 


18,2 


18,5 


16,6 


16,9 


17,1 


16,9 


-9 





RO



23,3 


24,1 


21,9 


23,1 


23,3 


23,6 


23,9 


23,6 


2 





SI



5,1 


5,5 


4,9 


5,2 


4,9 


5,0 


4,9 


4,9 


-5 





SK



10,2 


10,6 


9,7 


10,2 


9,9 


10,0 


10,3 


10,1 


-1 





FI



25,8 


24,9 


23,3 


24,7 


24,8 


25,2 


25,1 


25,0 


1 





SE



32,5 


31,9 


31,0 


31,8 


31,5 


31,3 


30,9 


31,2 


-2 








Table 2


PEC, in Mtoe















 


2007


2008


2009


Average (2007-2009)


2017


2018


2019


Average (2017-2019)


Reduction (%)





EU



1 490,2 


1 488,8 


1 403,2 


1 460,7 


1 383,7 


1 377,3 


1 353,9 


1 371,6 


-6 





BE



50,4 


51,2 


50,1 


50,6 


48,5 


46,5 


48,4 


47,8 


-5 





BG



19,5 


19,0 


16,9 


18,5 


18,3 


18,4 


18,2 


18,3 


-1 





CZ



43,7 


42,5 


40,2 


42,1 


40,4 


40,5 


39,7 


40,2 


-5 





DK



20,4 


19,8 


19,1 


19,8 


17,4 


17,4 


16,8 


17,2 


-13 





DE



315,8 


320,8 


299,9 


312,2 


298,1 


292,0 


285,2 


291,8 


-7 





EE



6,2 


5,4 


4,3 


5,3 


5,8 


5,7 


4,8 


5,4 


3 





IE



16,0 


15,6 


14,9 


15,5 


14,4 


14,6 


14,7 


14,6 


-6 





EL



30,3 


30,5 


29,4 


30,1 


23,2 


22,6 


22,3 


22,7 


-24 





ES



138,8 


133,9 


123,0 


131,9 


124,9 


124,3 


120,6 


123,3 


-7 





FR



252,7 


255,5 


246,4 


251,5 


239,1 


238,6 


235,1 


237,6 


-6 





HR



9,4 


9,2 


8,9 


9,2 


8,3 


8,2 


8,2 


8,2 


-10 





IT



178,7 


176,1 


164,1 


173,0 


148,9 


147,2 


145,9 


147,4 


-15 





CY



2,7 


2,9 


2,8 


2,8 


2,5 


2,5 


2,5 


2,5 


-9 





LV



4,8 


4,6 


4,4 


4,6 


4,5 


4,7 


4,6 


4,6 


0 





LT



8,1 


8,3 


7,8 


8,1 


6,2 


6,4 


6,3 


6,3 


-22 





LU



4,6 


4,6 


4,3 


4,5 


4,3 


4,5 


4,5 


4,4 


-2 





HU



25,4 


25,2 


23,9 


24,8 


24,5 


24,5 


24,6 


24,5 


-1 





MT



0,9 


1,0 


0,9 


0,9 


0,8 


0,8 


0,9 


0,8 


-10 





NL



69,4 


69,9 


67,6 


69,0 


65,1 


64,4 


63,6 


64,4 


-7 





AT



32,2 


32,5 


30,6 


31,8 


32,8 


31,8 


32,3 


32,3 


2 





PL



91,9 


93,1 


89,5 


91,5 


99,1 


104,1 


100,2 


101,1 


10 





PT



23,9 


23,6 


23,6 


23,7 


22,8 


22,7 


22,1 


22,5 


-5 





RO



37,4 


37,3 


32,6 


35,8 


32,5 


32,6 


32,1 


32,4 


-10 





SI



7,3 


7,7 


6,8 


7,3 


6,7 


6,7 


6,5 


6,6 


-9 





SK



16,4 


17,0 


15,5 


16,3 


16,1 


15,8 


16,0 


16,0 


-2 





FI



36,0 


34,5 


32,3 


34,3 


32,2 


32,8 


32,1 


32,4 


-6 





SE



47,4 


47,2 


43,1 


45,9 


46,3 


47,3 


45,8 


46,5 


1 








Table 3


Final energy intensity (FEI), in ktoe/millionPPS















 


2007


2008


2009


Average (2007-2009)


2017


2018


2019


Average (2017-2019)


Reduction (%)





EU



93,5 


91,5 


91,2 


92,0 


74,1 


71,8 


69,0 


71,6 


-22 





BE



109,6 


112,1 


111,2 


111,0 


87,5 


85,5 


80,8 


84,6 


-24 





BG



130,7 


117,6 


107,8 


118,7 


94,8 


90,5 


85,0 


90,1 


-24 





CZ



116,7 


110,6 


110,1 


112,5 


87,3 


82,4 


78,5 


82,7 


-26 





DK



93,5 


88,3 


88,0 


89,9 


66,5 


64,5 


62,3 


64,4 


-28 





DE



88,0 


89,8 


89,8 


89,2 


70,7 


67,5 


66,5 


68,2 


-24 





EE



131,2 


129,2 


133,8 


131,4 


93,7 


90,6 


84,8 


89,7 


-32 





IE



81,3 


85,9 


83,0 


83,4 


46,0 


44,3 


42,4 


44,2 


-47 





EL



86,4 


80,8 


80,9 


82,7 


77,6 


73,8 


73,4 


74,9 


-9 





ES



84,0 


79,2 


77,8 


80,3 


66,1 


66,4 


63,8 


65,4 


-19 





FR



86,7 


86,6 


86,6 


86,6 


71,0 


67,8 


63,4 


67,4 


-22 





HR



109,7 


105,6 


109,2 


108,1 


89,9 


85,5 


81,6 


85,6 


-21 





IT



84,1 


81,6 


80,9 


82,2 


66,2 


65,5 


63,5 


65,1 


-21 





CY



96,8 


92,9 


93,9 


94,5 


82,2 


77,4 


73,6 


77,7 


-18 





LV



137,4 


125,6 


146,7 


136,6 


104,9 


103,5 


98,1 


102,2 


-25 





LT



107,0 


99,8 


107,3 


104,7 


81,5 


80,6 


75,4 


79,2 


-24 





LU



134,6 


127,1 


124,9 


128,9 


88,8 


90,6 


89,8 


89,7 


-30 





HU



113,0 


106,2 


107,1 


108,8 


91,2 


85,7 


81,6 


86,2 


-21 





MT



59,7 


59,5 


54,6 


57,9 


44,5 


44,1 


42,6 


43,8 


-24 





NL



90,7 


88,6 


91,0 


90,1 


74,5 


72,2 


69,4 


72,0 


-20 





AT



100,5 


97,4 


97,6 


98,5 


82,3 


77,8 


76,7 


78,9 


-20 





PL



119,7 


113,8 


110,1 


114,6 


89,5 


89,6 


83,0 


87,3 


-24 





PT



88,5 


84,4 


86,4 


86,4 


70,8 


69,2 


67,7 


69,3 


-20 





RO



103,1 


90,0 


85,7 


93,0 


64,3 


60,4 


56,5 


60,4 


-35 





SI



117,1 


118,5 


114,7 


116,8 


95,5 


90,3 


83,6 


89,8 


-23 





SK



113,6 


107,0 


103,3 


108,0 


88,3 


86,0 


85,2 


86,5 


-20 





FI



163,4 


150,7 


152,2 


155,5 


137,9 


136,1 


132,8 


135,6 


-13 





SE



109,9 


105,8 


109,6 


108,4 


87,7 


84,8 


80,7 


84,4 


-22 








Table 4


Primary energy intensity (PEI), in ktoe/millionPPS















 


2007


2008


2009


Average (2007-2009)


2017


2018


2019


Average (2017-2019)


Reduction (%)





EU



138,8 


134,3 


132,5 


135,2 


105,8 


101,8 


96,6 


101,4 


-25 





BE



163,2 


162,6 


162,8 


162,9 


123,0 


114,2 


114,4 


117,2 


-28 





BG



255,5 


228,0 


212,2 


231,9 


175,6 


167,5 


157,2 


166,8 


-28 





CZ



204,3 


188,6 


183,4 


192,1 


142,8 


136,5 


127,7 


135,7 


-29 





DK



121,1 


112,8 


113,3 


115,7 


79,4 


76,9 


73,0 


76,5 


-34 





DE



134,0 


133,2 


131,7 


133,0 


98,9 


94,1 


90,6 


94,6 


-29 





EE



261,8 


227,3 


209,7 


233,0 


188,7 


174,6 


140,4 


167,9 


-28 





IE



98,4 


101,7 


104,9 


101,7 


55,8 


52,3 


50,3 


52,8 


-48 





EL



118,5 


114,9 


115,6 


116,3 


110,0 


104,9 


101,1 


105,3 


-9 





ES



119,8 


112,9 


109,5 


114,1 


98,7 


96,2 


90,0 


95,0 


-17 





FR



146,5 


145,7 


145,4 


145,9 


116,7 


112,6 


104,7 


111,3 


-24 





HR



142,0 


131,1 


136,1 


136,4 


108,1 


102,0 


96,9 


102,3 


-25 





IT



113,4 


108,6 


106,3 


109,4 


86,2 


83,5 


80,8 


83,5 


-24 





CY



135,8 


134,2 


134,0 


134,6 


111,7 


106,1 


98,9 


105,6 


-22 





LV



150,6 


138,4 


161,1 


150,0 


116,7 


116,3 


109,6 


114,2 


-24 





LT



166,3 


160,7 


180,7 


169,2 


93,9 


92,2 


85,2 


90,4 


-47 





LU



142,9 


133,8 


132,9 


136,5 


91,2 


92,9 


92,1 


92,1 


-33 





HU



167,3 


155,9 


152,7 


158,6 


123,4 


115,7 


110,0 


116,4 


-27 





MT



117,9 


113,7 


106,5 


112,7 


57,6 


55,1 


53,3 


55,3 


-51 





NL



122,1 


118,0 


121,6 


120,6 


100,4 


95,3 


92,3 


96,0 


-20 





AT



124,6 


121,7 


118,9 


121,7 


100,3 


93,2 


92,3 


95,3 


-22 





PL



181,7 


171,9 


161,5 


171,7 


126,8 


126,2 


114,4 


122,4 


-29 





PT



111,4 


108,0 


111,9 


110,5 


97,6 


93,1 


87,2 


92,6 


-16 





RO



165,7 


139,6 


127,6 


144,3 


89,5 


83,4 


75,9 


82,9 


-43 





SI



165,8 


166,4 


160,9 


164,4 


129,9 


121,3 


112,5 


121,2 


-26 





SK



182,4 


171,5 


165,4 


173,1 


143,4 


136,3 


132,8 


137,5 


-21 





FI



228,1 


208,9 


211,3 


216,1 


178,8 


177,0 


169,9 


175,2 


-19 





SE



160,5 


156,7 


152,3 


156,5 


129,2 


128,0 


119,7 


125,6 


-20 








Table 5


Early action factor













(%)





 


Cropped Savings subfactor


Cropped intensity subfactor


Early action factor




 


PEC


FEC


PEI


FEI


PEC


FEC





BE



100 


100 


89 


93 


89 


93 





BG



100 


100 


89 


92 


89 


92 





CZ



100 


100 


85 


84 


85 


84 





DK



50 


50 


74 


78 


50 


50 





DE



93 


100 


87 


94 


81 


94 





EE



100 


100 


90 


70 


90 


70 





IE



100 


61 


52 


50 


52 


50 





EL



50 


50 


100 


100 


50 


50 





ES



93 


50 


100 


100 


93 


50 





FR



100 


69 


100 


100 


100 


69 





HR



59 


50 


100 


100 


59 


50 





IT



50 


50 


100 


100 


50 


50 





CY



71 


63 


100 


100 


71 


63 





LV



100 


100 


100 


88 


100 


88 





LT



50 


100 


54 


91 


50 


91 





LU



100 


100 


77 


73 


77 


73 





HU



100 


100 


94 


100 


94 


100 





MT



59 


100 


50 


91 


50 


91 





NL



91 


50 


100 


100 


91 


50 





AT



100 


100 


100 


100 


100 


100 





PL



100 


100 


87 


93 


87 


93 





PT



100 


50 


100 


100 


100 


50 





RO



64 


100 


59 


63 


50 


63 





SI



69 


52 


95 


96 


66 


50 





SK



100 


100 


100 


100 


100 


100 





FI



100 


100 


100 


100 


100 


100 





SE



100 


100 


100 


100 


100 


100 




A.3.2.   Wealth factor


Table 6


Gross Domestic Product/population (GDP/cap), in thousandsPPS/person











 


2017


2018


2019


Average (2017-2019)


Wealth factor (%)





EU



29,3 


30,3 


31,4 


30,4 


 





BE



34,7 


35,7 


36,9 


35,8 


118 





BG



14,7 


15,6 


16,5 


15,6 


51 





CZ



26,7 


28,0 


29,2 


28,0 


92 





DK



38,1 


39,1 


39,6 


38,9 


128 





DE



36,5 


37,5 


37,9 


37,3 


123 





EE



23,3 


24,7 


25,8 


24,6 


81 





IE



53,8 


57,9 


59,6 


57,1 


150 





EL



19,6 


20,1 


20,6 


20,1 


66 





ES



27,2 


27,7 


28,6 


27,8 


92 





FR



30,7 


31,6 


33,4 


31,9 


105 





HR



18,6 


19,5 


20,8 


19,6 


65 





IT



28,5 


29,2 


30,2 


29,3 


96 





CY



26,5 


27,8 


29,3 


27,9 


92 





LV



19,6 


20,9 


21,7 


20,7 


68 





LT



23,0 


24,6 


26,4 


24,7 


81 





LU



79,7 


79,8 


79,7 


79,7 


150 





HU



20,2 


21,6 


22,9 


21,6 


71 





MT



30,4 


31,5 


33,2 


31,7 


104 





NL



37,9 


39,3 


39,9 


39,0 


129 





AT



37,3 


38,7 


39,5 


38,5 


127 





PL



20,6 


21,7 


23,1 


21,8 


72 





PT



22,7 


23,7 


24,6 


23,7 


78 





RO



18,5 


20,0 


21,8 


20,1 


66 





SI



25,1 


26,5 


27,9 


26,5 


87 





SK



20,7 


21,3 


22,1 


21,4 


70 





FI



32,7 


33,6 


34,2 


33,5 


110 





SE



35,9 


36,5 


37,4 


36,6 


121 




A.3.3.   Intensity factor


Table 7


Final energy intensity (FEI), in ktoe/millionPPS











 


2017


2018


2019


Average (2017-2019)


Final intensity factor (%)





EU



74,1 


71,8 


69,0 


71,6 


 





BE



87,5 


85,5 


80,8 


84,6 


118 





BG



94,8 


90,5 


85,0 


90,1 


126 





CZ



87,3 


82,4 


78,5 


82,7 


115 





DK



66,5 


64,5 


62,3 


64,4 


90 





DE



70,7 


67,5 


66,5 


68,2 


95 





EE



93,7 


90,6 


84,8 


89,7 


125 





IE



46,0 


44,3 


42,4 


44,2 


62 





EL



77,6 


73,8 


73,4 


74,9 


105 





ES



66,1 


66,4 


63,8 


65,4 


91 





FR



71,0 


67,8 


63,4 


67,4 


94 





HR



89,9 


85,5 


81,6 


85,6 


120 





IT



66,2 


65,5 


63,5 


65,1 


91 





CY



82,2 


77,4 


73,6 


77,7 


109 





LV



104,9 


103,5 


98,1 


102,2 


143 





LT



81,5 


80,6 


75,4 


79,2 


111 





LU



88,8 


90,6 


89,8 


89,7 


125 





HU



91,2 


85,7 


81,6 


86,2 


120 





MT



44,5 


44,1 


42,6 


43,8 


61 





NL



74,5 


72,2 


69,4 


72,0 


101 





AT



82,3 


77,8 


76,7 


78,9 


110 





PL



89,5 


89,6 


83,0 


87,3 


122 





PT



70,8 


69,2 


67,7 


69,3 


97 





RO



64,3 


60,4 


56,5 


60,4 


84 





SI



95,5 


90,3 


83,6 


89,8 


125 





SK



88,3 


86,0 


85,2 


86,5 


121 





FI



137,9 


136,1 


132,8 


135,6 


150 





SE



87,7 


84,8 


80,7 


84,4 


118 








Table 8


Primary energy intensity (PEI), in ktoe/millionPPS











 


2017


2018


2019


Average (2017-2019)


Primary intensity factor (%)





EU



105,8 


101,8 


96,6 


101,4 


 





BE



123,0 


114,2 


114,4 


117,2 


116 





BG



175,6 


167,5 


157,2 


166,8 


150 





CZ



142,8 


136,5 


127,7 


135,7 


134 





DK



79,4 


76,9 


73,0 


76,5 


75 





DE



98,9 


94,1 


90,6 


94,6 


93 





EE



188,7 


174,6 


140,4 


167,9 


150 





IE



55,8 


52,3 


50,3 


52,8 


52 





EL



110,0 


104,9 


101,1 


105,3 


104 





ES



98,7 


96,2 


90,0 


95,0 


94 





FR



116,7 


112,6 


104,7 


111,3 


110 





HR



108,1 


102,0 


96,9 


102,3 


101 





IT



86,2 


83,5 


80,8 


83,5 


82 





CY



111,7 


106,1 


98,9 


105,6 


104 





LV



116,7 


116,3 


109,6 


114,2 


113 





LT



93,9 


92,2 


85,2 


90,4 


89 





LU



91,2 


92,9 


92,1 


92,1 


91 





HU



123,4 


115,7 


110,0 


116,4 


115 





MT



57,6 


55,1 


53,3 


55,3 


55 





NL



100,4 


95,3 


92,3 


96,0 


95 





AT



100,3 


93,2 


92,3 


95,3 


94 





PL



126,8 


126,2 


114,4 


122,4 


121 





PT



97,6 


93,1 


87,2 


92,6 


91 





RO



89,5 


83,4 


75,9 


82,9 


82 





SI



129,9 


121,3 


112,5 


121,2 


120 





SK



143,4 


136,3 


132,8 


137,5 


136 





FI



178,8 


177,0 


169,9 


175,2 


150 





SE



129,2 


128,0 


119,7 


125,6 


124 




A.3.4.   Savings potential factor


Table 9


PRIMES MIX 55 % and PRIMES EU Reference Scenario 2020, in Mtoe












 


MIX 55 (PEC)


PEC baseline 2030


Savings potential (%)


MIX 55 (FEC)


FEC baseline 2030


Savings potential (%)





BE



36,0 


38,3 


–6,0 


30,5 


33,1 


–7,8 





BG



14,0 


15,6 


–10,5 


9,2 


10,0 


–8,0 





CZ



30,1 


32,8 


–8,0 


21,2 


22,9 


–7,5 





DK



16,4 


17,2 


–4,6 


14,7 


15,4 


–4,3 





DE



198,3 


221,4 


–10,4 


162,8 


178,7 


–8,9 





EE



4,0 


4,5 


–12,7 


2,7 


2,9 


–4,3 





IE



11,4 


12,6 


–8,9 


10,1 


11,1 


–9,2 





EL



18,0 


18,8 


–4,4 


15,0 


16,2 


–7,8 





ES



86,0 


91,5 


–6,0 


68,6 


72,4 


–5,3 





FR



164,8 


179,2 


–8,0 


105,5 


118,1 


–10,7 





HR



6,7 


7,6 


–11,5 


5,7 


6,6 


–13,4 





IT



110,9 


125,4 


–11,6 


94,5 


102,8 


–8,1 





CY



2,1 


2,3 


–10,2 


1,8 


2,0 


–9,4 





LV



4,0 


4,2 


–5,0 


3,6 


3,7 


–3,9 





LT



5,3 


5,7 


–6,3 


4,4 


4,8 


–7,6 





LU



3,0 


3,2 


–7,6 


2,9 


3,1 


–7,7 





HU



24,6 


26,1 


–5,5 


16,9 


18,4 


–7,8 





MT



0,9 


0,9 


–4,6 


0,7 


0,8 


–5,8 





NL



49,8 


52,3 


–4,7 


40,9 


43,2 


–5,2 





AT



26,0 


28,4 


–8,7 


22,8 


24,6 


–7,4 





PL



73,8 


89,1 


–17,2 


58,7 


66,0 


–11,1 





PT



15,9 


16,9 


–6,0 


13,9 


14,8 


–6,7 





RO



30,0 


33,2 


–9,7 


23,0 


25,3 


–8,9 





SI



6,1 


6,5 


–6,5 


4,5 


4,8 


–6,0 





SK



14,6 


15,4 


–5,3 


8,8 


9,6 


–8,3 





FI



32,0 


34,3 


–6,9 


21,5 


24,1 


–10,6 





SE



37,2 


40,8 


–8,8 


26,4 


29,0 


–9,0 








Table 10


PRIMES MIX 55 % and PRIMES updated EU Reference Scenario 2020, in Mtoe












 


MIX 55 (PEC)


PEC baseline 2030


Savings potential (%)


MIX 55 (FEC)


FEC baseline 2030


Savings potential (%)





BE



36,0 


40,2 


–10,5 


30,5 


33,1 


–7,8 





BG



14,0 


16,5 


–15,6 


9,2 


9,2 


–0,7 





CZ



30,1 


33,8 


–10,8 


21,2 


23,1 


–8,4 





DK



16,4 


16,4 


0,0 


14,7 


14,2 


3,6 





DE



198,3 


219,4 


–9,6 


162,8 


176,7 


–7,8 





EE



4,0 


3,6 


10,1 


2,7 


2,8 


–3,4 





IE



11,4 


12,8 


–10,8 


10,1 


12,0 


–15,8 





EL



18,0 


19,6 


–8,2 


15,0 


16,3 


–8,0 





ES



86,0 


93,3 


–7,8 


68,6 


71,8 


–4,6 





FR



164,8 


183,6 


–10,2 


105,5 


122,3 


–13,8 





HR



6,7 


7,5 


–9,9 


5,7 


6,5 


–12,1 





IT



110,9 


125,6 


–11,7 


94,5 


103,8 


–9,0 





CY



2,1 


2,2 


–4,4 


1,8 


1,9 


–3,4 





LV



4,0 


4,3 


–6,8 


3,6 


3,9 


–9,4 





LT



5,3 


6,2 


–13,8 


4,4 


5,0 


–11,3 





LU



3,0 


3,3 


–9,7 


2,9 


3,2 


–8,6 





HU



24,6 


26,5 


–6,8 


16,9 


18,2 


–7,1 





MT



0,9 


0,8 


2,9 


0,7 


0,7 


–1,2 





NL



49,8 


51,8 


–3,7 


40,9 


42,8 


–4,4 





AT



26,0 


27,5 


–5,5 


22,8 


23,1 


–1,6 





PL



73,8 


93,3 


–21,0 


58,7 


67,2 


–12,6 





PT



15,9 


19,4 


–18,2 


13,9 


16,3 


–14,7 





RO



30,0 


31,8 


–5,5 


23,0 


23,8 


–3,1 





SI



6,1 


6,4 


–5,4 


4,5 


4,9 


–7,2 





SK



14,6 


16,0 


–9,3 


8,8 


9,8 


–10,1 





FI



32,0 


34,7 


–7,8 


21,5 


23,8 


–9,4 





SE



37,2 


42,0 


–11,4 


26,4 


28,3 


–6,8 




A.3.5.   Total factor


Table 11


Calculation of the total factor (EU Reference Scenario 2020)
















(%)





 


Early action factor


Wealth factor


Intensity factor


Savings Potential factor


Total factor




 



PEC




FEC



 



PEC




FEC




PEC




FEC




PEC




FEC






BE



89 


93 


118 


116 


118 


52 


67 



94 




99 






BG



89 


92 


51 


150 


126 


89 


68 



95 




84 






CZ



85 


84 


92 


134 


115 


69 


65 



95 




89 






DK



50 


50 


128 


75 


90 


50 


50 



76 




80 






DE



81 


94 


123 


93 


95 


89 


76 



96 




97 






EE



90 


70 


81 


150 


125 


109 


50 



107 




82 






IE



52 


50 


150 


52 


62 


76 


78 



83 




85 






EL



50 


50 


66 


104 


105 


50 


66 



68 




72 






ES



93 


50 


92 


94 


91 


51 


50 



82 




71 






FR



100 


69 


105 


110 


94 


69 


91 



96 




90 






HR



59 


50 


65 


101 


120 


98 


115 



81 




87 






IT



50 


50 


96 


82 


91 


99 


69 



82 




77 






CY



71 


63 


92 


104 


109 


87 


81 



89 




86 






LV



100 


88 


68 


113 


143 


50 


50 



83 




87 






LT



50 


91 


81 


89 


111 


53 


65 



68 




87 






LU



77 


73 


150 


91 


125 


65 


66 



96 




104 






HU



94 


100 


71 


115 


120 


50 


66 



82 




89 






MT



50 


91 


104 


55 


61 


50 


50 



65 




77 






NL



91 


50 


129 


95 


101 


50 


50 



91 




82 






AT



100 


100 


127 


94 


110 


74 


63 



99 




100 






PL



87 


93 


72 


121 


122 


147 


95 



107 




96 






PT



100 


50 


78 


91 


97 


52 


57 



80 




70 






RO



50 


63 


66 


82 


84 


83 


76 



70 




72 






SI



66 


50 


87 


120 


125 


55 


51 



82 




79 






SK



100 


100 


70 


136 


121 


50 


71 



89 




91 






FI



100 


100 


110 


150 


150 


59 


91 



105 




113 






SE



100 


100 


121 


124 


118 


75 


77 



105 




104 









Table 12


Calculation of the total factor (updated EU Reference Scenario 2020)
















(%)





 



Early action factor




Wealth factor




Intensity factor




Savings Potential factor




Total factor





 



PEC




FEC



 



PEC




FEC




PEC




FEC




PEC




FEC






BE



89 


93 


118 


116 


118 


90 


67 


103 


99 





BG



89 


92 


51 


150 


126 


133 


50 


106 


80 





CZ



85 


84 


92 


134 


115 


92 


71 


101 


91 





DK



50 


50 


128 


75 


90 


50 


50 


76 


80 





DE



81 


94 


123 


93 


95 


82 


67 


95 


95 





EE



90 


70 


81 


150 


125 


50 


50 


93 


82 





IE



52 


50 


150 


52 


62 


92 


135 


87 


99 





EL



50 


50 


66 


104 


105 


70 


69 


72 


72 





ES



93 


50 


92 


94 


91 


67 


50 


86 


71 





FR



100 


69 


105 


110 


94 


88 


118 


101 


97 





HR



59 


50 


65 


101 


120 


85 


104 


77 


84 





IT



50 


50 


96 


82 


91 


100 


77 


82 


78 





CY



71 


63 


92 


104 


109 


50 


50 


79 


78 





LV



100 


88 


68 


113 


143 


58 


80 


85 


95 





LT



50 


91 


81 


89 


111 


118 


97 


85 


95 





LU



77 


73 


150 


91 


125 


83 


73 


100 


105 





HU



94 


100 


71 


115 


120 


58 


60 


85 


88 





MT



50 


91 


104 


55 


61 


50 


50 


65 


77 





NL



91 


50 


129 


95 


101 


50 


50 


91 


82 





AT



100 


100 


127 


94 


110 


50 


50 


93 


97 





PL



87 


93 


72 


121 


122 


150 


108 


107 


99 





PT



100 


50 


78 


91 


97 


150 


126 


105 


88 





RO



50 


63 


66 


82 


84 


50 


50 


62 


66 





SI



66 


50 


87 


120 


125 


50 


62 


81 


81 





SK



100 


100 


70 


136 


121 


79 


86 


96 


94 





FI



100 


100 


110 


150 


150 


67 


80 


107 


110 





SE



100 


100 


121 


124 


118 


97 


58 


110 


99 








Table 13


Annex I formula results (EU Reference Scenario 2020 & updated EU Reference Scenario 2020), in Mtoe














 



EU Reference Scenario 2020




Updated EU Reference Scenario 2020





 



Formula results




Formula results after correction factor




Formula results




Formula results after correction factor





 



PEC




FEC




PEC




FEC




PEC




FEC




PEC




FEC






BE



34,14 


29,24 


33,77 


28,78 


35,39 


29,24 


34,66 


28,82 





BG



13,86 


8,99 


13,71 


8,85 


14,49 


8,38 


14,20 


8,25 





CZ



29,13 


20,53 


28,81 


20,21 


29,79 


20,66 


29,18 


20,36 





DK



15,70 


13,95 


15,52 


13,73 


14,98 


12,88 


14,67 


12,69 





DE



196,38 


158,42 


194,23 


155,95 


195,05 


157,05 


191,06 


154,75 





EE



3,97 


2,60 


3,93 


2,56 


3,21 


2,57 


3,14 


2,53 





IE



11,35 


10,01 


11,23 


9,86 


11,53 


10,61 


11,29 


10,45 





EL



17,32 


14,87 


17,13 


14,64 


17,91 


14,90 


17,55 


14,68 





ES



82,69 


66,41 


81,78 


65,38 


83,90 


65,90 


82,19 


64,94 





FR



159,09 


105,65 


157,34 


104,01 


161,97 


108,52 


158,67 


106,93 





HR



6,91 


5,96 


6,83 


5,87 


6,81 


5,89 


6,67 


5,81 





IT



113,40 


93,57 


112,16 


92,12 


113,50 


94,27 


111,18 


92,89 





CY



2,06 


1,84 


2,04 


1,81 


1,96 


1,74 


1,92 


1,71 





LV



3,77 


3,34 


3,73 


3,28 


3,83 


3,50 


3,75 


3,45 





LT



5,21 


4,32 


5,16 


4,25 


5,55 


4,45 


5,44 


4,38 





LU



2,85 


2,75 


2,82 


2,71 


2,90 


2,77 


2,84 


2,73 





HU



23,57 


16,45 


23,31 


16,19 


23,84 


16,36 


23,35 


16,12 





MT



0,84 


0,70 


0,83 


0,69 


0,78 


0,67 


0,76 


0,66 





NL



46,72 


39,03 


46,21 


38,42 


46,25 


38,70 


45,30 


38,13 





AT



25,15 


21,69 


24,88 


21,35 


24,50 


20,49 


24,00 


20,19 





PL



78,01 


58,64 


77,16 


57,73 


81,60 


59,40 


79,93 


58,53 





PT



15,33 


13,62 


15,16 


13,41 


17,06 


14,58 


16,71 


14,37 





RO



30,49 


23,12 


30,16 


22,76 


29,46 


21,92 


28,86 


21,60 





SI



5,85 


4,35 


5,79 


4,29 


5,79 


4,40 


5,68 


4,33 





SK



13,77 


8,59 


13,62 


8,46 


14,23 


8,72 


13,94 


8,59 





FI



30,11 


20,92 


29,78 


20,60 


30,33 


20,71 


29,71 


20,41 





SE



35,82 


25,50 


35,42 


25,10 


36,59 


25,05 


35,84 


24,69 








APPENDIX B






Energy Balance


NRG_BAL




Final Energy Consumption


FEC




Final Energy Consumption, PRIMES 2030 projection from 2020 Reference Scenario


FECB2030




Final Energy Intensity


FEI




Gross Inland Consumption


GIC




Million Tonnes of Oil Equivalent


Mtoe




Primary Energy Consumption


PEC




Primary Energy Consumption, PRIMES 2030 projection from 2020 Reference Scenario


PECB2030




Primary Energy Intensity


PEI




Standard International Energy Product Classification


SIEC




Thousand Tonne of Oil Equivalent


ktoe








(1)  Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on the Governance of the Energy Union and Climate Action, amending Regulations (EC) No 663/2009 and (EC) No 715/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council, Directives 94/22/EC, 98/70/EC, 2009/31/EC, 2009/73/EC, 2010/31/EU, 2012/27/EU and 2013/30/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, Council Directives 2009/119/EC and (EU) 2015/652 and repealing Regulation (EU) No 525/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 328, 21.12.2018, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1999/oj).

(2)  Regulation (EC) No 1099/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 October 2008 on energy statistics (OJ L 304, 14.11.2008, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2008/1099/oj).

(3)  All the steps as listed in the timeline until March 2024 have been completed.

(4)  The energy intensity data are used to calculate both the early action and the energy intensity factors. In the first case historical energy intensity improvement is applied, i.e. the average value between two periods (2007-2009 and 2017-2019) shall be calculated. For the energy intensity factor, only the average of the latter period (2017-2019) shall be considered.

(5)  The unit of measure‚ current prices, million purchasing power standards/cap (CP_MPPS_EU27_2020) is used from Eurostat.

(6)  
            https://www.measures.odyssee-mure.eu/.

(7)  
            http://pam.apps.eea.europa.eu/.

(8)  These values may change according to the Reference Scenario 2020 updates. See paragraph 2.3.



ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reco/2024/1722/oj
ISSN 1977-0677 (electronic edition)