Corrigendum to Directive 2014/45/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 3 April 2014 on periodic roadworthiness tests for motor vehicles and their trailers and repealing Directive 2009/40/EC (OJ L 127, 29.4.2014)
Date: 2019-08-22
Institutions: Council of the European Union, European Parliament
Subjects: commercial vehicle, motor vehicle, road safety, roadworthiness tests, technical regulations








L_2019219EN.01002501.xml










22.8.2019   


EN


Official Journal of the European Union


L 219/25







Corrigendum to Directive 2014/45/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 3 April 2014 on periodic roadworthiness tests for motor vehicles and their trailers and repealing Directive 2009/40/EC

(
Official Journal of the European Union L 127 of 29 April 2014
)


On page 67, Annex I, point 3, the table is replaced by the following table:











‘Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




0.   IDENTIFICATION OF THE VEHICLE
















0.1.


Registration number plates (if needed by requirements1)






Visual inspection








(a)


Number plate(s) missing or so insecurely fixed that it is (they are) likely to fall off.






 


X


 










(b)


Inscription missing or illegible






 


X


 










(c)


Not in accordance with vehicle documents or records.






 


X


 










0.2.


Vehicle identification/chassis/serial number






Visual inspection








(a)


Missing or can not be found.






 


X


 










(b)


Incomplete, illegible, obviously falsified, or does not match the vehicle documents.






 


X


 










(c)


Illegible vehicle documents or clerical inaccuracies.






X


 


 




1.   BRAKING EQUIPMENT
1.1.   Mechanical condition and operation
















1.1.1.


Service brake pedal/hand lever pivot






Visual inspection of the components while the braking system is operated.
Note: Vehicles with power-assisted braking systems should be inspected with the engine switched off.








(a)


Pivot too tight.






 


X


 










(b)


Excessive wear or play.






 


X


 










1.1.2.


Pedal/hand lever condition and travel of the brake operating device






Visual inspection of the components while the braking system is operated
Note: Vehicles with power-assisted braking systems should be inspected with the engine switched off.








(a)


Excessive or insufficient reserve travel.






 


X


 










(b)


Brake control not releasing correctly.






X


 


 




If its functionality is affected.


 


X


 










(c)


Anti-slip provision on brake pedal missing, loose or worn smooth.






 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous










1.1.3.


Vacuum pump or compressor and reservoirs






Visual inspection of the components at normal working pressure. Check time required for vacuum or air pressure to reach safe working value and function of warning device, multi-circuit protection valve and pressure relief valve.








(a)


Insufficient pressure/vacuum to give assistance for at least four brake applications after the warning device has operated (or gauge shows an unsafe reading);






 


X


 




at least two brake applications after the warning device has operated (or gauge shows an unsafe reading).


 


 


X










(b)


Time taken to build up air pressure/vacuum to safe working value is too long according to the requirements1







 


X


 










(c)


Multi-circuit protection valve or pressure relief valve not working.






 


X


 










(d)


Air leak causing a noticeable drop in pressure or audible air leaks.






 


X


 










(e)


External damage likely to affect the function of the braking system.






 


X


 




Secondary braking performance not met.


 


 


X










1.1.4.


Low pressure warning gauge or indicator






Functional check


Malfunctioning or defective gauge or indicator.


X


 


 




Low pressure not identifiable.


 


X


 










1.1.5.


Hand-operated brake control valve






Visual inspection of the components while the braking system is operated.








(a)


Control cracked, damaged or excessively worn.






 


X


 










(b)


Control insecure on valve or valve insecure.






 


X


 










(c)


Loose connections or leaks in system.






 


X


 










(d)


Unsatisfactory operation.






 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous










1.1.6.


Parking brake activator, lever control, parking brake ratchet, electronic parking brake






Visual inspection of the components while the braking system is operated.








(a)


Ratchet not holding correctly.






 


X


 










(b)


Wear at lever pivot or in ratchet mechanism.






X


 


 




Excessive wear.


 


X


 










(c)


Excessive movement of lever indicating incorrect adjustment.






 


X


 










(d)


Activator missing, damaged or inoperative.






 


X


 










(e)


Incorrect functioning, warning indicator shows malfunction






 


X


 










1.1.7.


Braking valves (foot valves, unloaders, governors)






Visual inspection of the components while the braking system is operated.








(a)


Valve damaged or excessive air leak.






 


X


 




If its functionality is affected.


 


 


X










(b)


Excessive oil discharge from compressor.






X


 


 










(c)


Valve insecure or inadequately mounted.






 


X


 










(d)


Hydraulic fluid discharge or leak.






 


X


 




If its functionality is affected.


 


 


X










1.1.8.


Couplings for trailer brakes (electrical & pneumatic)






Disconnect and reconnect braking system coupling between towing vehicle and trailer.








(a)


Tap or self sealing valve defective.






X


 


 




If its functionality is affected.


 


X


 










(b)


Tap or valve insecure or inadequately mounted.






X


 


 




If its functionality is affected.


 


X


 










(c)


Excessive leaks.






 


X


 




If its functionality is affected.


 


 


X

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




 


 








(d)


Not functioning correctly.






 


X


 




Operation of brake affected.


 


 


X










1.1.9.


Energy storage reservoir pressure tank






Visual inspection.








(a)


Tank slightly damaged or slightly corroded.






X


 


 




Tank heavily damaged, corroded or leaking.


 


X


 










(b)


Drain device operation affected.






X


 


 




Drain device inoperative.


 


X


 










(c)


Tank insecure or inadequately mounted.






 


X


 










1.1.10.


Brake servo units, master cylinder (hydraulic systems)






Visual inspection of the components while the braking system is operated, if possible.








(a)


Defective or ineffective servo unit.






 


X


 




If it is not operating.


 


 


X










(b)


Master cylinder defective but brake still operating.






 


X


 




Master cylinder defective or leaking.


 


 


X










(c)


Master cylinder insecure but brake still operating.






 


X


 




Master cylinder insecure.


 


 


X










(d)


Insufficient brake fluid below MIN mark






X


 


 




Brake fluid significantly below MIN mark


 


X


 




No brake fluid visible.


 


 


X










(e)


Master cylinder reservoir cap missing.






X


 


 










(f)


Brake fluid warning light illuminated or defective.






X


 


 










(g)


Incorrect functioning of brake fluid level warning device.






X


 


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous










1.1.11.


Rigid brake pipes






Visual inspection of the components while the braking system is operated, if possible.








(a)


Imminent risk of failure or fracture.






 


 


X










(b)


Pipes or connections leaking (air brake systems).






 


X


 




Pipes or connection leaking (hydraulic brake systems).


 


 


X










(c)


Pipes damaged or excessively corroded.






 


X


 




Affecting the functioning of the brakes on account of blocking or imminent risk of leaking.


 


 


X










(d)


Pipes misplaced.






X


 


 




Risk of damage.


 


X


 










1.1.12.


Flexible brake hoses






Visual inspection of the components while the braking system is operated, if possible.








(a)


Imminent risk of failure or fracture.






 


 


X










(b)


Hoses damaged, chafing, twisted or too short.






X


 


 




Hoses damaged or chafing.


 


X


 










(c)


Hoses or connections leaking (air brake systems)






 


X


 




Hoses or connections leaking (hydraulic brake systems).


 


 


X










(d)


Hoses bulging under pressure.






 


X


 




Cord impaired.


 


 


X










(e)


Hoses porous.






 


X


 










1.1.13.


Brake linings and pads






Visual inspection.








(a)


Lining or pad excessively worn (minimum mark reached).






 


X


 




Lining or pad excessively worn (minimum mark not visible).


 


 


X

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




 


 








(b)


Lining or pad contaminated (oil, grease etc.).






 


X


 




Braking performance affected.


 


 


X










(c)


Lining or pad missing or wrongly mounted.






 


 


X










1.1.14.


Brake drums, brake discs






Visual inspection.








(a)


Drum or disc worn






 


X


 




Drum or disc excessively worn, excessively scored, cracked, insecure or fractured.


 


 


X










(b)


Drum or disc contaminated (oil, grease, etc.).






 


X


 




Braking performance affected.


 


 


X










(c)


Drum or disc missing.






 


 


X










(d)


Back plate insecure.






 


X


 










1.1.15.


Brake cables, rods, levers, linkages






Visual inspection of the components while the braking system is operated, if possible.








(a)


Cable damaged or knotted.






 


X


 




Braking performance affected.


 


 


X










(b)


Component excessively worn or corroded.






 


X


 




Braking performance affected.


 


 


X










(c)


Cable, rod or joint insecure.






 


X


 










(d)


Cable guide defective.






 


X


 










(e)


Restriction to free movement of the braking system.






 


X


 










(f)


Abnormal movement of the levers/linkage indicating maladjustment or excessive wear.






 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous










1.1.16.


Brake actuators (including spring brakes or hydraulic cylinders)






Visual inspection of the components while the braking system is operated, if possible.








(a)


Actuator cracked or damaged.






 


X


 




Braking performance affected.


 


 


X










(b)


Actuator leaking.






 


X


 




Braking performance affected.


 


 


X










(c)


Actuator insecure or inadequately mounted.






 


X


 




Braking performance affected.


 


 


X










(d)


Actuator excessively corroded.






 


X


 




Likely to crack.


 


 


X










(e)


Insufficient or excessive travel of operating piston or diaphragm mechanism.






 


X


 




Braking performance affected (lack of reserve movement).


 


 


X










(f)


Dust cover damaged.






X


 


 




Dust cover missing or excessively damaged.


 


X


 










1.1.17.


Load sensing valve






Visual inspection of the components while the braking system is operated, if possible.








(a)


Defective linkage.






 


X


 










(b)


Linkage incorrectly adjusted.






 


X


 










(c)


Valve seized or inoperative (ABS functioning).






 


X


 




Valve seized or inoperative.


 


 


X










(d)


Valve missing (if required).






 


 


X










(e)


Missing data plate.






X


 


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




 


 








(f)


Data illegible or not in accordance with requirements1







X


 


 










1.1.18.


Slack adjusters and indicators






Visual inspection.








(a)


Adjuster damaged, seized or having abnormal movement, excessive wear or incorrect adjustment.






 


X


 










(b)


Adjuster defective.






 


X


 










(c)


Incorrectly installed or replaced.






 


X


 










1.1.19.


Endurance braking system (where fitted or required)






Visual inspection.








(a)


Insecure connectors or mountings.






X


 


 




If its functionality is affected.


 


X


 










(b)


System obviously defective or missing.






 


X


 










1.1.20.


Automatic operation of trailer brakes






Disconnect brake coupling between towing vehicle and trailer.


Trailer brake does not apply automatically when coupling disconnected.


 


 


X










1.1.21.


Complete braking system






Visual inspection








(a)


Other system devices (e.g. anti-freeze pump, air dryer, etc.) damaged externally or excessively corroded in a way that adversely affects the braking system.






 


X


 




Braking performance affected.


 


 


X










(b)


Leakage of air or anti-freeze.






X


 


 




System functionality affected.


 


X


 










(c)


Any component insecure or inadequately mounted.






 


X


 










(d)


Unsafe modification to any component3







 


X


 




Braking performance affected.


 


 


X

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous










1.1.22.


Test connections (where fitted or required)






Visual inspection








(a)


Missing.






 


X


 










(b)


Damaged.






X


 


 




Unusable or leaking.


 


X


 










1.1.23.


Overrun brake






Visual inspection and by operation


Insufficient efficiency.


 


X


 




1.2.   Service braking performance and efficiency
















1.2.1.


Performance






During a test on a brake tester or, if impossible, during a road test, apply the brakes progressively up to maximum effort.








(a)


Inadequate braking effort on one or more wheels.






 


X


 




No braking effort on one or more wheels.


 


 


X










(b)


Braking effort from any wheel is less than 70 % of the maximum effort recorded from the other wheel on the same axle. Or, in the case of testing on the road, the vehicle deviates excessively from a straight line.






 


X


 




Braking effort from any wheel is less than 50 % of the maximum effort recorded from the other wheel on the same axle in the case of steered axles.


 


 


X










(c)


No gradual variation in brake effort (grabbing).






 


X


 










(d)


Abnormal lag in brake operation of any wheel.






 


X


 










(e)


Excessive fluctuation of brake force during each complete wheel revolution.






 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous










1.2.2.


Efficiency






Test with a brake tester or, if one cannot be used for technical reasons, by a road test using a deceleration recording instrument to establish the braking ratio which relates to the maximum authorised mass or, in the case of semi-trailers, to the sum of the authorised axle loads.
Vehicles or a trailer with a maximum permissible mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes has to be inspected following the standards given by ISO 21069 or equivalent methods.
Road tests should be carried out under dry conditions on a flat, straight road.


Does not give at least the minimum figure as follows (1):






1.


Vehicles registered for the first time after 1/1/2012:






—


Category M1: 58 %










—


Categories M2 and M3: 50 %










—


Category N1: 50 %










—


Categories N2 and N3: 50 %










—


Categories O2, O3 and O4:






—


for semi-trailers: 45 % (2)










—


for draw-bar trailers: 50 %














 


X


 










2.


Vehicles registered for the first time before 1/1/2012:






—


Categories M1, M2 and M3: 50 % (3)










—


Category N1: 45 %










—


Categories N2 and N3: 43 % (4)










—


Categories O2, O3 and O4: 40 % (5)










 


X


 










3.


Other categories
Categories L (both brakes together):






—


Category L1e: 42 %










—


Categories L2e, L6e: 40 %










—


Category L3e: 50 %










—


Category L4e: 46 %










—


Categories L5e, L7e: 44 %




Category L (rear wheel brake):
all categories: 25 % of the total vehicle mass






 


X


 




Less than 50 % of the above values reached.


 


 


X

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




1.3.   Secondary (emergency) braking performance and efficiency (if met by separate system)
















1.3.1.


Performance






If the secondary braking system is separate from the service braking system, use the method specified in 1.2.1.








(a)


Inadequate braking effort on one or more wheels.






 


X


 




No braking effort on one or more wheels.


 


 


X










(b)


Braking effort from any wheel is less than 70 % of the maximum effort recorded from another wheel on the same axle specified. Or, in the case of testing on the road, the vehicle deviates excessively from a straight line.






 


X


 




Braking effort from any wheel is less than 50 % of the maximum effort recorded from the other wheel on the same axle in the case of steered axles.


 


 


X










(c)


No gradual variation in brake effort (grabbing).






 


X


 










1.3.2.


Efficiency






If the secondary braking system is separate from the service braking system, use the method specified in 1.2.2.


Braking effort less than 50 % (6) of the service brake performance defined in section 1.2.2 in relation to the maximum authorized mass.


 


X


 




Less than 50 % of the above braking effort values reached.


 


 


X




1.4.   Parking braking performance and efficiency
















1.4.1.


Performance






Apply the brake during a test on a brake tester.


Brake inoperative on one side or, in the case of testing on the road, the vehicle deviates excessively from a straight line.


 


X


 




Less than 50 % of the braking effort values as referred to in point 1.4.2 reached in relation to the vehicle mass during testing.


 


 


X

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous










1.4.2.


Efficiency






Test with a brake tester. If not possible, then by a road test using either an indicating or deceleration recording instrument or with the vehicle on a slope of known gradient.


Does not give, for all vehicles, a braking ratio of at least 16 % in relation to the maximum authorized mass or, for motor vehicles, of at least 12 % in relation to the maximum authorised combination mass of the vehicle, whichever is the greater.


 


X


 




Less than 50 % of the above braking effort values reached.


 


 


X










1.5.


Endurance braking system performance






Visual inspection and, where possible, test whether the system functions.








(a)


No gradual variation of efficiency (not applicable to exhaust brake systems).






 


X


 










(b)


System not functioning.






 


X


 










1.6.


Anti-lock braking system (ABS)






Visual inspection and inspection of warning device and/or using electronic vehicle interface.








(a)


Warning device malfunctioning.






 


X


 










(b)


Warning device shows system malfunction.






 


X


 










(c)


Wheel speed sensors missing or damaged.






 


X


 










(d)


Wirings damaged.






 


X


 










(e)


Other components missing or damaged.






 


X


 










(f)


System indicates failure via the electronic vehicle interface.






 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous










1.7.


Electronic brake system (EBS)






Visual inspection and inspection of warning device and/or using electronic vehicle interface.








(a)


Warning device malfunctioning.






 


X


 










(b)


Warning device shows system malfunction.






 


X


 










(c)


System indicates failure via the electronic vehicle interface.






 


X


 










1.8.


Brake fluid






Visual inspection


Brake fluid contaminated or sedimented.


 


X


 




Imminent risk of failure.


 


 


X




2.   STEERING
2.1.   Mechanical condition
















2.1.1.


Steering gear condition






With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and with the road wheels off the ground or on turntables, rotate the steering wheel from lock to lock. Visual inspection of the operation of the steering gear.








(a)


Roughness in operation of gear.






 


X


 










(b)


Sector shaft twisted or splines worn.






 


X


 




Affecting functionality.


 


 


X










(c)


Excessive wear in sector shaft.






 


X


 




Affecting functionality.


 


 


X










(d)


Excessive movement of sector shaft.






 


X


 




Affecting functionality.


 


 


X










(e)


Leaking.






X


 


 




Formation of drops.


 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous










2.1.2.


Steering gear casing attachment






With vehicle on a pit or hoist and the weight of the vehicle road wheels on the ground, rotate steering/handle bar wheel clockwise and anticlockwise or using a specially adapted wheel play detector. Visual inspection of the attachment of gear casing to chassis.








(a)


Steering gear casing not properly attached.






 


X


 




Attachments dangerously loose or relative movement to chassis/bodywork visible.


 


 


X










(b)


Elongated fixing holes in chassis.






 


X


 




Attachments seriously affected.


 


 


X










(c)


Missing or fractured fixing bolts.






 


X


 




Attachments seriously affected.


 


 


X










(d)


Steering gear casing fractured.






 


X


 




Stability or attachment of casing affected.


 


 


X










2.1.3.


Steering linkage condition






With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and with the road wheel on the ground, rock steering wheel clockwise and anti- clockwise or using a specially adapted wheel play detector. Visual inspection of steering components for wear, fractures and security.








(a)


Relative movement between components which should be fixed.






 


X


 




Excessive movement or likely to unlink.


 


 


X










(b)


Excessive wear at joints.






 


X


 




A very serious risk of unlinking.


 


 


X










(c)


Fractures or deformation of any component.






 


X


 




Affecting function.


 


 


X










(d)


Absence of locking devices.






 


X


 










(e)


Misalignment of components (e.g. track rod or drag link).






 


X


 










(f)


Unsafe modification3.






 


X


 




Affecting function.


 


 


X

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




 


 








(g)


Dust cover damaged or deteriorated.






X


 


 




Dust cover missing or severely deteriorated.


 


X


 










2.1.4.


Steering linkage operation






With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and with the road wheel on the ground, rock steering wheel clockwise and anti-clockwise or using a specially adapted wheel play detector. Visual inspection of steering components for wear, fractures and security.








(a)


Moving steering linkage fouling a fixed part of the chassis.






 


X


 










(b)


Steering stops not operating or missing.






 


X


 










2.1.5.


Power steering






Check steering system for leaks and hydraulic fluid reservoir level (if visible). With the road wheels on the ground and with the engine running, check that the power steering system is operating.








(a)


Fluid leak or functions affected.






 


X


 










(b)


Insufficient fluid (below MIN mark).






X


 


 




Insufficient reservoir.


 


X


 










(c)


Mechanism not working.






 


X


 




Steering affected.


 


 


X










(d)


Mechanism fractured or insecure.






 


X


 




Steering affected.


 


 


X










(e)


Misalignment or fouling of components.






 


X


 




Steering affected.


 


 


X










(f)


Unsafe modification3.






 


X


 




Steering affected.


 


 


X

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




 


 








(g)


Cables/hoses damaged, excessively corroded.






 


X


 




Steering affected.


 


 


X




2.2.   Steering wheel, column and handle bar
















2.2.1.


Steering wheel/handle bar condition






With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and the mass of the vehicle on the ground, push and pull the steering wheel in line with column, push steering wheel/handle bar in various directions at right angles to the column/forks. Visual inspection of play, and condition of flexible couplings or universal joints.








(a)


Relative movement between steering wheel and column indicating looseness.






 


X


 




Very serious risk of unlinking.


 


 


X










(b)


Absence of retaining device on steering wheel hub.






 


X


 




Very serious risk of unlinking.


 


 


X










(c)


Fracture or looseness of steering wheel hub, rim or spokes.






 


X


 




Very serious risk of unlinking.


 


 


X










2.2.2.


Steering column/yokes and forks and steering dampers






With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and the mass of the vehicle on the ground, push and pull the steering wheel in line with column, push steering wheel/ handle bar in various directions at right angles to the column/forks. Visual inspection of play, and condition of flexible couplings or universal joints.








(a)


Excessive movement of centre of steering wheel up or down.






 


X


 










(b)


Excessive movement of top of column radially from axis of column.






 


X


 










(c)


Deteriorated flexible coupling.






 


X


 










(d)


Attachment defective.






 


X


 




Very serious risk of unlinking.


 


 


X










(e)


Unsafe modification3







 


 


X

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous










2.3.


Steering play






With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist, the mass of the vehicle on the road wheels, the engine, if possible, running for vehicles with power steering and with the road wheels in the straight-ahead position, lightly turn the steering wheel clockwise and anti-clockwise as far as possible without moving the road wheels. Visual inspection of free movement.


Free play in steering excessive (for example, movement of a point on the rim exceeding one fifth of the diameter of the steering wheel or not in accordance with the requirements1.


 


X


 




Safe steering affected.


 


 


X










2.4.


Wheel alignment (X)2







Check alignment of steered wheels with suitable equipment.


Alignment not in accordance with vehicle manufacturer's data or requirements1.


X


 


 




Straight on driving affected; directional stability impaired.


 


X


 










2.5.


Trailer steered axle turntable






Visual inspection or using a specially adapted wheel play detector








(a)


Component slightly damaged.






 


X


 




Component heavily damaged or cracked.


 


 


X










(b)


Excessive play.






 


X


 




Straight on driving affected; directional stability impaired.


 


 


X










(c)


Attachment defective.






 


X


 




Attachment seriously affected.


 


 


X










2.6.


Electronic Power Steering (EPS)






Visual inspection and consistency check between the angle of the steering wheel and the angle of the wheels when switching on/off the engine, and/or using the electronic vehicle interface








(a)


EPS malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) indicates any kind of failure of the system.






 


X


 










(b)


Inconsistency between the angle of the steering wheel and the angle of the wheels.






 


X


 




Steering affected.


 


 


X

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




 


 








(c)


Power assistance not working.






 


X


 










(d)


System indicates failure via the electronic vehicle interface.






 


X


 




3.   VISIBILITY
















3.1.


Field of vision






Visual inspection from driving seat.


Obstruction within driver's field of view that materially affects his view in front or to the sides (outside cleaning area of windscreen wipers).


X


 


 




Inside cleaning area of windscreen wipers affected or outer mirrors not visible.


 


X


 










3.2.


Condition of glass






Visual inspection.








(a)


Cracked or discoloured glass or transparent panel (if permitted) (outside cleaning area of windscreen wipers).






X


 


 




Inside cleaning area of windscreen wipers affected or outer mirrors not visible.


 


X


 










(b)


Glass or transparent panel (including reflecting or tinted film) that does not comply with specifications in the requirements1, (outside cleaning area of windscreen wipers).






X


 


 




Inside cleaning area of windscreen wipers affected or outer mirrors not visible.


 


X


 










(c)


Glass or transparent panel in unacceptable condition.






 


X


 




Visibility through inside cleaning area of windscreen wipers heavily affected.


 


 


X










3.3.


Rear-view mirrors or devices






Visual inspection.








(a)


Mirror or device missing or not fitted according to the requirements1 (at least two rear-view devices available).






 


X


 




Fewer than two rear-view devices available.


 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




 


 








(b)


Mirror or device slightly damaged or loose.






X


 


 




Mirror or device inoperative, heavily damaged, loose or insecure.


 


X


 










(c)


Necessary field of vision not covered.






 


X


 










3.4.


Windscreen wipers






Visual inspection and by operation.








(a)


Wipers not operating or missing or not in accordance with the requirements1







 


X


 










(b)


Wiper blade defective.






X


 


 




Wiper blade missing or obviously defective.


 


X


 










3.5.


Windscreen washers






Visual inspection and by operation.


Washers not operating adequately (lack of washing fluid but pump operating or water-jet misaligned).


X


 


 




Washers not operating.


 


X


 










3.6.


Demisting system (X)2







Visual inspection and by operation.


System inoperative or obviously defective.


X


 


 




4.   LAMPS, REFLECTORS AND ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
4.1.   Headlamps
















4.1.1.


Condition and operation






Visual inspection and by operation.








(a)


Defective or missing light/light source.(multiple light/light sources; in the case of LED, up to 1/3 not functioning).






X


 


 




Single light/light sources; in the case of LED, seriously affected visibility.


 


X


 










(b)


Slightly defective projection system (reflector and lens).






X


 


 




Heavily defective or missing projection system (reflector and lens).


 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




 


 








(c)


Lamp not securely attached.






 


X


 










4.1.2.


Alignment






Determine the horizontal aim of each headlamp on dipped beam using a headlamp aiming device or using the electronic vehicle interface.








(a)


Aim of a headlamp not within limits laid down in the requirements1.






 


X


 










(b)


System indicates failure via the electronic vehicle interface.






 


X


 










4.1.3.


Switching






Visual inspection and by operation or using the electronic vehicle interface








(a)


Switch does not operate in accordance with the requirements1 (Number of headlamps illuminated at the same time)






X


 


 




Maximum permitted light brightness to the front exceeded.


 


X


 










(b)


Function of control device impaired.






 


X


 










(c)


System indicates failure via the electronic vehicle interface.






 


X


 










4.1.4.


Compliance with requirements1.






Visual inspection and by operation.








(a)


Lamp, emitted colour, position, brightness or marking not in accordance with the requirements1.






 


X


 










(b)


Products on lens or light source which obviously reduce light brightness or change emitted colour.






 


X


 










(c)


Light source and lamp not compatible.






 


X


 










4.1.5.


Levelling devices (where mandatory)






Visual inspection and by operation, if possible, or using the electronic vehicle interface.








(a)


Device not operating.






 


X


 










(b)


Manual device cannot be operated from driver's seat.






 


X


 










(c)


System indicates failure via the electronic vehicle interface.






 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous










4.1.6.


Headlamp cleaning device (where mandatory)






Visual inspection and by operation if possible.


Device not operating.


X


 


 




In the case of gas-discharging lamps.


 


X


 




4.2.   Front and rear position lamps, side marker lamps, end outline marker lamps and daytime running lamps
















4.2.1.


Condition and operation






Visual inspection and by operation.








(a)


Defective light source.






 


X


 










(b)


Defective lens.






 


X


 










(c)


Lamp not securely attached.






X


 


 




Very serious risk of falling off.


 


X


 










4.2.2.


Switching






Visual inspection and by operation.








(a)


Switch does not operate in accordance with the requirements1.






 


X


 




Rear position lamps and side marker lamps can be switched off when headlamps are on.


 


X


 










(b)


Function of control device impaired.






 


X


 










4.2.3.


Compliance with requirements1







Visual inspection and by operation.








(a)


Lamp, emitted colour, position, brightness or marking not in accordance with the requirements1.






X


 


 




Red light to the front or white light to the rear; heavily reduced light brightness.


 


X


 










(b)


Products on lens or light source which reduce light, brightness or change emitted colour.






X


 


 




Red light to the front or white light to the rear; heavily reduced light brightness.


 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




4.3.   Stop Lamps
















4.3.1.


Condition and operation






Visual inspection and by operation.








(a)


Defective light source(multiple light source in the case of LED up to 1/3 not functioning).






X


 


 




Single light sources; in the case of LED less than 2/3 functioning.


 


X


 




All light sources not functioning.


 


 


X










(b)


Slightly defective lens (no influence on emitted light).






X


 


 




Heavily defective lens (emitted light affected).


 


X


 










(c)


Lamp not securely attached.






X


 


 




Very serious risk of falling off.


 


X


 










4.3.2.


Switching






Visual inspection and by operation or using the electronic vehicle interface.








(a)


Switch does not operate in accordance with the requirements1.






X


 


 




Delayed operation.


 


X


 




No operation at all.


 


 


X










(b)


Function of control device impaired.






 


X


 










(c)


System indicates failure via the electronic vehicle interface.






 


X


 










(d)


Emergency brake light functions fail to operate, or do not operate correctly.






 


X


 










4.3.3.


Compliance with requirements1.






Visual inspection and by operation.


Lamp, emitted colour, position, brightness or marking not in accordance with the requirements1.


X


 


 




White light to the rear; heavily reduced light brightness.


 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




4.4.   Direction indicator and hazard warning lamps
















4.4.1.


Condition and operation






Visual inspection and by operation.








(a)


Defective light source (multiple light source in the case of LED up to 1/3 not functioning).






X


 


 




Single light sources; in the case of LED less than 2/3 functioning.


 


X


 










(b)


Slightly defective lens (no influence on emitted light).






X


 


 




Heavily defective lens (emitted light affected).


 


X


 










(c)


Lamp not securely attached.






X


 


 




Very serious risk of falling off.


 


X


 










4.4.2.


Switching






Visual inspection and by operation.


Switch does not operate in accordance with the requirements1.


X


 


 




No operation at all.


 


X


 










4.4.3.


Compliance with requirements1.






Visual inspection and by operation.


Lamp, emitted colour, position, brightness or marking not in accordance with the requirements1.


 


X


 










4.4.4.


Flashing frequency






Visual inspection and by operation.


Rate of flashing not in accordance with the requirements1.(frequency more than 25 % deviating).


X


 


 




4.5.   Front and rear fog lamps
















4.5.1.


Condition and operation






Visual inspection and by operation.








(a)


Defective light source. (multiple light source in the case of LED up to 1/3 not functioning).






X


 


 




Single light sources; in the case of LED less than 2/3 functioning.


 


X


 










(b)


Slightly defective lens (no influence on emitted light).






X


 


 




Heavily defective lens (emitted light affected).


 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




 


 








(c)


Lamp not securely attached.






X


 


 




Very serious risk of falling off or dazzling oncoming traffic.


 


X


 










4.5.2.


Alignment (X)2







By operation and using a headlamp aiming device


Front fog lamp out of horizontal alignment when the light pattern has cut-off line (cut-off line too low).


X


 


 




Cut-off line above that for dipped beam headlamps.


 


X


 










4.5.3.


Switching






Visual inspection and by operation.


Switch does not operate in accordance with the requirements1.


X


 


 




Not operative.


 


X


 










4.5.4.


Compliance with requirements1.






Visual inspection and by operation.








(a)


Lamp, emitted colour, position, brightness or marking not in accordance with the requirements1







 


X


 










(b)


System does not operate in accordance with the requirements1







 


X


 




4.6.   Reversing lamps
















4.6.1.


Condition and operation






Visual inspection and by operation.








(a)


Defective light source.






X


 


 










(b)


Defective lens.






X


 


 










(c)


Lamp not securely attached.






X


 


 




Very serious risk of falling off.


 


X


 










4.6.2.


Compliance with requirements1







Visual inspection and by operation.








(a)


Lamp, emitted colour, position, brightness or marking not in accordance with the requirements1







 


X


 










(b)


System does not operate in accordance with the requirements1.






 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous










4.6.3.


Switching






Visual inspection and by operation.


Switch does not operate in accordance with the requirements1.


X


 


 




Reversing lamp can be switched on with gear not in reverse position.


 


X


 




4.7.   Rear registration plate lamp
















4.7.1.


Condition and operation






Visual inspection and by operation.








(a)


Lamp throwing direct or white light to the rear.






X


 


 










(b)


Defective light source. (Multiple light source).






X


 


 




Defective light source. (Single light source).


 


X


 










(c)


Lamp not securely attached.






X


 


 




Very serious risk of falling off.


 


X


 










4.7.2.


Compliance with requirements1







Visual inspection and by operation.


System does not operate in accordance with the requirements1.


X


 


 




4.8.   Retro-reflectors, conspicuity (retro reflecting) markings and rear marking plates
















4.8.1.


Condition






Visual inspection.








(a)


Reflecting equipment defective or damaged.






X


 


 




Reflecting affected.


 


X


 










(b)


Reflector not securely attached.






X


 


 




Likely to fall off.


 


X


 










4.8.2.


Compliance with requirements1







Visual inspection.


Device, reflected colour or position not in accordance with the requirements1



X


 


 




Missing or reflecting red colour to the front or white colour to the rear.


 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




4.9.   Tell-tales mandatory for lighting equipment
















4.9.1.


Condition and operation






Visual inspection and by operation.


Not operating.


X


 


 




Not operating for main beam headlamp or rear fog lamp.


 


X


 










4.9.2.


Compliance with requirements1







Visual inspection and by operation.


Not in accordance with the requirements1.


X


 


 










4.10.


Electrical connections between towing vehicle and trailer or semi-trailer






Visual inspection: if possible examine the electrical continuity of the connection.








(a)


Fixed components not securely attached.






X


 


 




Loose socket.


 


X


 










(b)


Damaged or deteriorated insulation.






X


 


 




Likely to cause a short-circuit fault.


 


X


 










(c)


Trailer or towing vehicle electrical connections not functioning correctly.






 


X


 




Trailer brake lights not working at all.


 


 


X










4.11.


Electrical wiring






Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist, including inside the engine compartment (if applicable).








(a)


Wiring insecure or not adequately secured.






X


 


 




Fixings loose, touching sharp edges, connectors likely to be disconnected.


 


X


 




Wiring likely to touch hot parts, rotating parts or the ground, connectors disconnected (relevant parts for braking, steering).


 


 


X










(b)


Wiring slightly deteriorated.






X


 


 




Wiring heavily deteriorated.


 


X


 




Wiring extremely deteriorated (relevant parts for braking, steering).


 


 


X

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




 


 








(c)


Damaged or deteriorated insulation.






X


 


 




Likely to cause a short-circuit fault.


 


X


 




Imminent risk of fire, formation of sparks.


 


 


X










4.12.


Non obligatory lamps and retro-reflectors (X)2







Visual inspection and by operation.








(a)


A lamp/retro-reflector fitted not in accordance with the requirements1.






X


 


 




Emitting/reflecting red light to the front or white light to the rear.


 


X


 










(b)


Lamp operation not in accordance with the requirements1.






X


 


 




Number of headlights simultaneously operating exceeding permitted light brightness; Emitting red light to the front or white light to the rear.


 


X


 










(c)


Lamp/retro-reflector not securely attached.






X


 


 




Very serious risk of falling off.


 


X


 










4.13.


Battery(ies)






Visual inspection.








(a)


Insecure.






X


 


 




Not properly attached; likely to cause a short-circuit fault.


 


X


 










(b)


Leaking.






X


 


 




Loss of hazardous substances.


 


X


 










(c)


Defective switch (if required).






 


X


 










(d)


Defective fuses (if required).






 


X


 










(e)


Inappropriate ventilation (if required).






 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




5.   AXLES, WHEELS, TYRES AND SUSPENSION
5.1.   Axles
















5.1.1.


Axles






Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes








(a)


Axle fractured or deformed.






 


 


X










(b)


Insecure fixing to vehicle.






 


X


 




Stability impaired, functionality affected: Extensive movement relative to its fixtures.


 


 


X










(c)


Unsafe modification3.






 


X


 




Stability impaired, functionality affected, insufficient clearance to other vehicle parts or to the ground.


 


 


X










5.1.2.


Stub axles






Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes. Apply a vertical or lateral force to each wheel and note the amount of movement between the axle beam and stub axle.








(a)


Stub axle fractured.






 


 


X










(b)


Excessive wear in the swivel pin and/or bushes.






 


X


 




Likelihood of loosening; directional stability impaired.


 


 


X










(c)


Excessive movement between stub axle and axle beam.






 


X


 




Likelihood of loosening; directional stability impaired.


 


 


X










(d)


Stub axle pin loose in axle.






 


X


 




Likelihood of loosening; directional stability impaired.


 


 


X










5.1.3.


Wheel bearings






Visual inspection with the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes. Rock the wheel or apply a lateral force to each wheel and note the amount of upward movement of the wheel relative to the stub axle.








(a)


Excessive play in a wheel bearing.






 


X


 




Directional stability impaired; danger of demolishment.


 


 


X










(b)


Wheel bearing too tight, jammed.






 


X


 




Danger of overheating; danger of demolishment.


 


 


X

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




5.2.   Wheels and tyres
















5.2.1.


Road wheel hub






Visual inspection.








(a)


Any wheel nuts or studs missing or loose.






 


X


 




Missing fixing or loose to an extent which very seriously affects road safety.


 


 


X










(b)


Hub worn or damaged.






 


X


 




Hub worn or damaged in such a way that secure fixing of wheels is affected.


 


 


X










5.2.2.


Wheels






Visual inspection of both sides of each wheel with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist.








(a)


Any fracture or welding defect.






 


 


X










(b)


Tyre retaining rings not properly fitted.






 


X


 




Likely to come off.


 


 


X










(c)


Wheel badly distorted or worn.






 


X


 




Secure fixing to hub affected; secure fixing of tyre affected.


 


 


X










(d)


Wheel size, technical design, compatibility or type not in accordance with the requirements1 and affecting road safety.






 


X


 










5.2.3.


Tyres






Visual inspection of the entire tyre by either rotating the road wheel with it off the ground and the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist, or by rolling the vehicle backwards and forwards over a pit.








(a)


Tyre size, load capacity, approval mark or speed category not in accordance with the requirements1 and affecting road safety.






 


X


 




Insufficient load capacity or speed category for actual use, tyre touches other fixed vehicle parts impairing safe driving.


 


 


X










(b)


Tyres on same axle or on twin wheels of different sizes.






 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




 


 








(c)


Tyres on same axle of different construction (radial/ cross-ply).






 


X


 










(d)


Any serious damage or cut to tyre.






 


X


 




Cord visible or damaged.


 


 


X










(e)


Tyre tread wear indicator becomes exposed.






 


X


 




Tyre tread depth not in accordance with the requirements1.


 


 


X










(f)


Tyre rubbing against other components (flexible anti spray devices).






X


 


 




Tyre rubbing against other components (safe driving not impaired)


 


X


 










(g)


Re-grooved tyres not in accordance with requirements1.






 


X


 




Cord protection layer affected.


 


 


X










(h)


Tyre pressure monitoring system malfunctioning or tyre obviously underinflated.






X


 


 




Obviously inoperative.


 


X


 




5.3.   Suspension system
















5.3.1.


Springs and stabiliser






Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes








(a)


Insecure attachment of springs to chassis or axle.






 


X


 




Relative movement visible. fixings very seriously loose.


 


 


X










(b)


A damaged or fractured spring component.






 


X


 




Main spring (-leaf), or additional leafs very seriously affected.


 


 


X

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




 


 








(c)


Spring missing






 


X


 




Main spring (-leaf), or additional leafs very seriously affected.


 


 


X










(d)


Unsafe modification3







 


X


 




Insufficient clearance to other vehicle parts; spring system inoperative.


 


 


X










5.3.2.


Shock absorbers






Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist or using special equipment, if available.








(a)


Insecure attachment of shock absorbers to chassis or axle.






X


 


 




Shock absorber loose.


 


X


 










(b)


Damaged shock absorber showing signs of severe leakage or malfunction.






 


X


 










5.3.2.1.


efficiency testing of damping (X)2







Use special equipment and compare left/right differences








(a)


Significant difference between left and right.






 


X


 










(b)


Given minimum values not reached.






 


X


 










5.3.3.


Torque tubes, radius arms, wishbones and suspension arms






Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes








(a)


Insecure attachment of component to chassis or axle.






 


X


 




Likelihood of loosening; directional stability impaired.


 


 


X










(b)


A damaged or excessively corroded component.






 


X


 




Stability of component affected or component fractured.


 


 


X










(c)


Unsafe modification3.






 


X


 




Insufficient clearance to other vehicle parts; system inoperative.


 


 


X

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous










5.3.4.


Suspension joints






Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes








(a)


Excessive wear in swivel pin and/or bushes or at suspension joints.






 


X


 




Likelihood of loosening; directional stability impaired.


 


 


X










(b)


Dust cover severely deteriorated.






X


 


 




Dust cover missing or fractured.


 


X


 










5.3.5.


Air suspension






Visual inspection








(a)


System inoperable.






 


 


X










(b)


Any component damaged, modified or deteriorated in a way that would adversely affect the functioning of the system.






 


X


 




Functioning of system seriously affected.


 


 


X










(c)


Audible system leakage.






 


X


 




6.   CHASSIS AND CHASSIS ATTACHMENTS
6.1.   Chassis or frame and attachments
















6.1.1.


General condition






Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist.








(a)


Slight fracture or deformation of any side or cross-member.






 


X


 




Serious fracture or deformation of any side or cross-member.


 


 


X










(b)


Insecurity of strengthening plates or fastenings.






 


X


 




Majority of fastenings loose; insufficient strength of parts.


 


 


X










(c)


Excessive corrosion which affects the rigidity of the assembly.






 


X


 




Insufficient strength of parts.


 


 


X

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous










6.1.2.


Exhaust pipes and silencers






Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist.








(a)


Insecure or leaking exhaust system






 


X


 










(b)


Fumes entering cab or passengers compartment.






 


X


 




Danger to health of persons on board.


 


 


X










6.1.3.


Fuel tank and pipes (including heating fuel tank and pipes)






Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist, use of leak detecting devices in the case of LPG/CNG/LNG systems.








(a)


Insecure tank or pipes, creating particular risk of fire.






 


 


X










(b)


Leaking fuel or missing or ineffective filler cap.






 


X


 




Risk of fire; excessive loss of hazardous material.


 


 


X










(c)


Chafed pipes.






X


 


 




Damaged pipes.


 


X


 










(d)


Fuel stopcock (if required) not operating correctly.






 


X


 










(e)


Fire risk due to:






—


leaking fuel;










—


fuel tank or exhaust not properly shielded;










—


engine compartment condition.










 


 


X










(f)


LPG/CNG/LNG or hydrogen system not in accordance with requirements; any part of the system defective1







 


 


X










6.1.4.


Bumpers, lateral protection and rear underrun devices






Visual inspection.








(a)


Looseness or damage likely to cause injury when grazed or contacted.






 


X


 




Parts likely to fall off; functionality heavily affected.


 


 


X










(b)


Device obviously not in compliance with the requirements1







 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous










6.1.5.


Spare wheel carrier (if fitted)






Visual inspection.








(a)


Carrier not in proper condition






X


 


 










(b)


Carrier fractured or insecure.






 


X


 










(c)


A spare wheel not securely fixed in carrier






 


X


 




Very serious risk of falling off.


 


 


X










6.1.6.


Mechanical coupling and towing device






Visual inspection for wear and correct operation with special attention to any safety device fitted and/or use of measuring gauge.








(a)


Component damaged, defective or cracked (if not in use).






 


X


 




Component damaged, defective or cracked (if in use)


 


 


X










(b)


Excessive wear in a component.






 


X


 




Below wear limit.


 


 


X










(c)


Attachment defective.






 


X


 




Any attachment loose with a very serious risk of falling off.


 


 


X










(d)


Any safety device missing or not operating correctly.






 


X


 










(e)


Any coupling indicator not working.






 


X


 










(f)


Obstruct registration plate or any lamp (when not in use)






X


 


 




Registration plate not readable (when not in use).


 


X


 










(g)


Unsafe modification3 (secondary parts).






 


X


 




Unsafe modification3 (primary parts).


 


 


X










(h)


Coupling too weak.






 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous










6.1.7.


Transmission






Visual inspection.








(a)


Loose or missing securing bolts






 


X


 




Loose or missing securing bolts to such an extent that road safety is seriously endangered.


 


 


X










(b)


Excessive wear in transmission shaft bearings.






 


X


 




Very serious risk of loosening or cracking.


 


 


X










(c)


Excessive wear in universal joints or transmission chains/belts.






 


X


 




Very serious risk of loosening or cracking.


 


 


X










(d)


Deteriorated flexible couplings.






 


X


 




Very serious risk of loosening or cracking.


 


 


X










(e)


A damaged or bent shaft.






 


X


 










(f)


Bearing housing fractured or insecure.






 


X


 




Very serious risk of loosening or cracking.


 


 


X










(g)


Dust cover severely deteriorated.






X


 


 




Dust cover missing or fractured.


 


X


 










(h)


Illegal power-train modification.






 


X


 










6.1.8.


Engine mountings






Visual inspection not necessarily on a pit or hoist.


Deteriorated, obviously and severely damaged mountings.


 


X


 




Loose or fractured mountings.


 


 


X










6.1.9.


Engine performance (X)2







Visual inspection and/or using electronic interface








(a)


Control unit modified affecting safety and/or the environment.






 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




 


 








(b)


Engine modification affecting safety and/or the environment.






 


 


X




6.2.   Cab and bodywork
















6.2.1.


Condition






Visual inspection








(a)


A loose or damaged panel or part likely to cause injury.






 


X


 




Likely to fall off.


 


 


X










(b)


Insecure body pillar.






 


X


 




Stability impaired.


 


 


X










(c)


Permitting entry of engine or exhaust fumes.






 


X


 




Danger to health of persons on board.


 


 


X










(d)


Unsafe modification3.






 


X


 




Insufficient clearance to rotating or moving parts and road.


 


 


X










6.2.2.


Mounting






Visual inspection over a pit or on a hoist.








(a)


Body or cab insecure.






 


X


 




Stability affected.


 


 


X










(b)


Body/cab obviously not located squarely on chassis.






 


X


 










(c)


Insecure or missing fixing of body/cab to chassis or cross-members and if symmetrical






 


X


 




Insecure or missing fixing of body/cab to chassis or cross-members to such an extent that road safety is very seriously endangered.


 


 


X










(d)


Excessive corrosion at fixing points on integral bodies.






 


X


 




Stability impaired.


 


 


X

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous










6.2.3.


Doors and door catches






Visual inspection.








(a)


A door will not open or close properly.






 


X


 










(b)


A door likely to open inadvertently or one that will not remain closed (sliding doors).






 


X


 




A door likely to open inadvertently or one that will not remain closed (turning doors).


 


 


X










(c)


Door, hinges, catches or pillar deteriorated.






X


 


 




Door, hinges, catches or pillar missing or loose.


 


X


 










6.2.4.


Floor






Visual inspection over a pit or on a hoist.


Floor insecure or badly deteriorated.


 


X


 




Insufficient stability.


 


 


X










6.2.5.


Driver's seat






Visual inspection.








(a)


Seat with defective structure.






 


X


 




Loose seat.


 


 


X










(b)


Adjustment mechanism not functioning correctly.






 


X


 




Seat moving or backrest not fixable.


 


 


X










6.2.6.


Other seats






Visual inspection.








(a)


Seats in defective condition or insecure (secondary parts).






X


 


 




Seats in defective condition or insecure (main parts).


 


X


 










(b)


Seats not fitted in accordance with requirements1.






X


 


 




Permitted number of seats exceeded; positioning not in compliance with approval.


 


X


 










6.2.7.


Driving controls






Visual inspection and by operation.


Any control necessary for the safe operation of the vehicle not functioning correctly.


 


X


 




Safe operation affected.


 


 


X

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous










6.2.8.


Cab steps






Visual inspection.








(a)


Step or step rung insecure.






X


 


 




Insufficient stability.


 


X


 










(b)


Step or rung in a condition likely to cause injury to users.






 


X


 










6.2.9.


Other interior and exterior fittings and equipment






Visual inspection.








(a)


Attachment of other fitting or equipment defective.






 


X


 










(b)


Other fitting or equipment not in accordance with the requirements1.






X


 


 




Parts fitted likely to cause injuries; safe operation affected.


 


X


 










(c)


Leaking hydraulic equipment.






X


 


 




Extensive loss of hazardous material.


 


X


 










6.2.10.


Mudguards (wings), spray suppression devices






Visual inspection.








(a)


Missing, loose or badly corroded.






X


 


 




Likely to cause injuries; likely to fall off.


 


X


 










(b)


Insufficient clearance to tyre/wheel (spray suppression).






X


 


 




Insufficient clearance to tyre/wheel (mudguards).


 


X


 










(c)


Not in accordance with the requirements1.






X


 


 




Insufficient coverage of tread.


 


X


 










6.2.11.


Stand






Visual inspection.








(a)


Missing, loose or badly corroded.






 


X


 










(b)


Not in accordance with the requirements1







 


X


 










(c)


Risk of unfolding when the vehicle is in motion.






 


 


X

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous










6.2.12.


Handgrips and footrests






Visual inspection.








(a)


Missing, loose or badly corroded.






 


X


 










(b)


Not in accordance with the requirements1







 


X


 




7.   OTHER EQUIPMENT
7.1.   Safety-belts/buckles and restraint systems
















7.1.1.


Security of safety-belts/buckles mounting






Visual inspection.








(a)


Anchorage point badly deteriorated.






 


X


 




Stability affected.


 


 


X










(b)


Anchorage loose.






 


X


 










7.1.2.


Condition of safety-belts/buckles.






Visual inspection and by operation.








(a)


Mandatory safety-belt missing or not fitted.






 


X


 










(b)


Safety-belt damaged.






X


 


 




Any cut or sign of overstretching.


 


X


 










(c)


Safety-belt not in accordance with the requirements1.






 


X


 










(d)


Safety-belt buckle damaged or not functioning correctly.






 


X


 










(e)


Safety-belt retractor damaged or not functioning correctly.






 


X


 










7.1.3.


Safety belt load limiter






Visual inspection, and/or using electronic interface








(a)


Load limiter obviously missing or not suitable with the vehicle.






 


X


 










(b)


System indicates failure via the electronic vehicle interface.






 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous










7.1.4.


Safety belt Pre-tensioners






Visual inspection, and/or using electronic interface








(a)


Pre-tensioner obviously missing or not suitable with the vehicle.






 


X


 










(b)


System indicates failure via the electronic vehicle interface.






 


X


 










7.1.5.


Airbag






Visual inspection, and/or using electronic interface








(a)


Airbags obviously missing or not suitable with the vehicle.






 


X


 










(b)


System indicates failure via the electronic vehicle interface.






 


X


 










(c)


Airbag obviously non-operative.






 


X


 










7.1.6.


SRS Systems






Visual inspection of MIL, and/or using electronic interface








(a)


SRS MIL indicates any kind of failure of the system.






 


X


 










(b)


System indicates failure via the electronic vehicle interface.






 


X


 










7.2.


Fire extinguisher (X)2







Visual inspection.








(a)


Missing.






 


X


 










(b)


Not in accordance with the requirements1







X


 


 




If required (e.g. taxi, buses, coaches, etc.).


 


X


 










7.3.


Locks and anti- theft device






Visual inspection and by operation








(a)


Device not functioning to prevent vehicle being driven.






X


 


 










(b)


Defective






 


X


 




Inadvertently locking or blocking.


 


 


X










7.4.


Warning triangle (if required) (X)2







Visual inspection.








(a)


Missing or incomplete.






X


 


 










(b)


Not in accordance with the requirements1.






X


 


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous










7.5.


First aid kit. (if required) (X)2







Visual inspection.


Missing, incomplete or not in accordance with the requirements1.


X


 


 










7.6.


Wheel chocks (wedges) (if required) (X)2







Visual inspection.


Missing or not in good condition, insufficient stability or dimension.


 


X


 










7.7.


Audible warning device






Visual inspection and by operation








(a)


Not working properly.






X


 


 




Not working at all.


 


X


 










(b)


Control insecure.






X


 


 










(c)


Not in accordance with the requirements1.






X


 


 




Emitted sound likely to be confused with official sirens.


 


X


 










7.8.


Speedometer






Visual inspection or by operation during road test or by electronical means.








(a)


Not fitted in accordance with the requirements1.






X


 


 




Missing (if required).


 


X


 










(b)


Operation impaired.






X


 


 




Not operational at all.


 


X


 










(c)


Not capable of being sufficiently illuminated.






X


 


 




Not capable of being illuminated at all.


 


X


 










7.9.


Tachograph (if fitted/required)






Visual inspection.








(a)


Not fitted in accordance with the requirements1.






 


X


 










(b)


Not operational.






 


X


 










(c)


Defective or missing seals.






 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




 


 








(d)


Installation plaque missing, illegible or out of date.






 


X


 










(e)


Obvious tampering or manipulation.






 


X


 










(f)


Size of tyres not compatible with calibration parameters.






 


X


 










7.10.


Speed limitation device (if fitted/required)






Visual inspection and by operation if equipment available.








(a)


Not fitted in accordance with the requirements1.






 


X


 










(b)


Obviously not operational.






 


X


 










(c)


Incorrect set speed (if checked).






 


X


 










(d)


Defective or missing seals.






 


X


 










(e)


Plaque missing or illegible.






 


X


 










(f)


Size of tyres not compatible with calibration parameters.






 


X


 










7.11.


Odometer if available (X)2







Visual inspection, and/or using electronic interface








(a)


Obviously manipulated (fraud) to reduce or misrepresent the vehicle's distance record.






 


X


 










(b)


Obviously inoperative.






 


X


 










7.12.


Electronic Stability Control (ESC) if fitted/required






Visual inspection, and/or using electronic interface








(a)


Wheel speed sensors missing or damaged.






 


X


 










(b)


Wirings damaged.






 


X


 










(c)


Other components missing or damaged.






 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




 


 








(d)


Switch damaged or not functioning correctly.






 


X


 










(e)


ESC MIL indicates any kind of failure of the system.






 


X


 










(f)


System indicates failure via the electronic vehicle interface.






 


X


 




8.   NUISANCE
8.1.   Noise
















8.1.1.


Noise suppression system






Subjective evaluation (unless the inspector considers that the noise level may be borderline, in which case a measurement of noise emitted by stationary vehicle using a sound level meter may be conducted)








(a)


Noise levels in excess of those permitted in the requirements1.






 


X


 










(b)


Any part of the noise suppression system loose, damaged, incorrectly fitted, missing or obviously modified in a way that would adversely affect the noise levels.






 


X


 




Very serious risk of falling off.


 


 


X




8.2.   Exhaust emissions
8.2.1.   Positive ignition engine emissions
















8.2.1.1.


Exhaust emissions control equipment






Visual inspection








(a)


Emission control equipment fitted by the manufacturer absent, modified or obviously defective.






 


X


 










(b)


Leaks which would affect emission measurements.






 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous










8.2.1.2.


Gaseous emissions












—


For vehicles up to emission classes Euro 5 and Euro V (7):
measurement using an exhaust gas analyser in accordance with the requirements1 or reading of OBD. Tailpipe testing shall be the default method of exhaust emission assessment. On the basis of an assessment of equivalence, and by taking into account the relevant type- approval legislation, Member States may authorise the use of OBD in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations and other requirements.










—


For vehicles as of emission classes Euro 6 and Euro VI (8):
measurement using an exhaust gas analyser in accordance with the requirements1 or reading of OBD in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations and other requirements1.
Measurements not applicable for two-stroke engines.












(a)


Either gaseous emissions exceed the specific levels given by the manufacturer;






 


X


 










(b)


Or, if this information is not available, the CO emissions exceed,






(i)


for vehicles not controlled by an advanced emission control system,






—


4,5 %, or










—


3,5 %




according to the date of first registration or use specified in requirements1.










(ii)


for vehicles controlled by an advanced emission control system,






—


at engine idle: 0,5 %










—


at high idle: 0,3 % or










—


at engine idle: 0,3 % (7)










—


at high idle: 0,2 %




according to the date of first registration or use specified in requirements1.










 


X


 










(c)


Lambda coefficient outside the range 1 ± 0,03 or not in accordance with the manufacturer's specification;






 


X


 










(d)


OBD read-out indicating significant malfunction.






 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




8.2.2.   Compression ignition engine emissions
















8.2.2.1.


Exhaust emission control equipment






Visual inspection








(a)


Emission control equipment fitted by the manufacturer absent or obviously defective.






 


X


 










(b)


Leaks which would affect emission measurements.






 


X


 










8.2.2.2.


Opacity




Vehicles registered or put into service before 1 January 1980 are exempted from this requirement








—


For vehicles up to emission classes Euro 5 and Euro V (7):
Exhaust gas opacity to be measured during free acceleration (no load from idle up to cut-off speed) with gear lever in neutral and clutch engaged or reading of OBD. The tailpipe testing shall be the default method of exhaust emission assessment. On the basis of an assessment of equivalence, Member States may authorise the use of OBD in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations and other requirements.










—


For vehicles as of emission classes Euro 6 and Euro VI (8):
Exhaust gas opacity to be measured during free acceleration (no load from idle up to cut-off speed) with gear lever in neutral and clutch engaged or reading of OBD in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations and other requirements1.




Vehicle preconditioning:






1.


Vehicles may be tested without preconditioning, although for safety reasons checks should be made that the engine is warm and in a satisfactory mechanical condition.












(a)


For vehicles registered or put into service for the first time after the date specified in requirements1.
opacity exceeds the level recorded on the manufacturer's plate on the vehicle;






 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




 








2.


Precondition requirements:






(i)


Engine shall be fully warm, for instance the engine oil temperature measured by a probe in the oil level dipstick tube to be at least 80 °C, or normal operating temperature if lower, or the engine block temperature measured by the level of infrared radiation to be at least an equivalent temperature. If, owing to the vehicle configuration, this measurement is impractical, the establishment of the engine's normal operating temperature may be made by other means, for example by the operation of the engine cooling fan.










(ii)


Exhaust system shall be purged by at least three free acceleration cycles or by an equivalent method.










 


 


 


 




 


 








(b)


Where this information is not available or requirements1 do not allow the use of reference values,






—


for naturally aspirated engines: 2,5 m– 1,










—


for turbo-charged engines: 3,0 m– 1, or










—


for vehicles identified in requirements1 or first registered or put into service for the first time after the date specified in requirements1:






—


1,5 m– 1 (9)










—


or 0,7 m– 1 (8)














 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




 


Test procedure:






1.


Engine and any turbocharger fitted, to be at idle before the start of each free acceleration cycle. For heavy-duty diesels, this means waiting for at least 10 seconds after the release of the throttle.










2.


To initiate each free acceleration cycle, the throttle pedal must be fully depressed quickly and continuously (in less than one second) but not violently, so as to obtain maximum delivery from the injection pump.










3.


During each free acceleration cycle, the engine shall reach cut-off speed or, for vehicles with automatic transmissions, the speed specified by the manufacturer or, if this data is not available, then two thirds of the cut-off speed, before the throttle is released. This could be checked, for instance, by monitoring engine speed or by allowing a sufficient time to elapse between initial throttle depression and release, which in the case of vehicles of categories M2, M3, N2 and N3, should be at least two seconds.










4.


Vehicles shall only be failed if the arithmetic means of at least the last three free acceleration cycles are in excess of the limit value. This may be calculated by ignoring any measurement that departs significantly from the measured mean, or the result of any other statistical calculation that takes account of the scattering of the measurements. Member States may limit the number of test cycles.






 


 


 


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




 








5.


To avoid unnecessary testing, Member States may fail vehicles which have measured values significantly in excess of the limit values after fewer than three free acceleration cycles or after the purging cycles. Equally to avoid unnecessary testing, Member States may pass vehicles which have measured values significantly below the limits after fewer than three free acceleration cycles or after the purging cycles






 


 


 


 




8.3.   Electromagnetic interference suppression










Radio interference (X)2



 


Any requirements of the requirements1 not met.


X


 


 




8.4.   Other items related to the environment
















8.4.1.


Fluid leaks






 


Any excessive fluid leak, other than water, likely to harm the environment or to pose a safety risk to other road users.


 


X


 




Steady formation of drops that constitutes a very serious risk.


 


 


X




9.   SUPPLEMENTARY TESTS FOR PASSENGER-CARRYING VEHICLES CATEGORIES M2, M3

9.1.   Doors
















9.1.1.


Entrance and exit doors






Visual inspection and by operation.








(a)


Defective operation.






 


X


 










(b)


Deteriorated condition.






X


 


 




Likely to cause injuries.


 


X


 










(c)


Defective emergency control.






 


X


 










(d)


Remote control of doors or warning devices defective.






 


X


 










(e)


Not in accordance with the requirements1.






X


 


 




Insufficient door width.


 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous










9.1.2.


Emergency exits






Visual inspection and by operation (where appropriate)








(a)


Defective operation.






 


X


 










(b)


Emergency exits signs illegible.






X


 


 




Emergency exits signs missing.


 


X


 










(c)


Missing hammer to break glass.






X


 


 










(d)


Not in accordance with requirements1.






X


 


 




Insufficient width or access blocked.


 


X


 










9.2.


Demisting and defrosting system (X)2







Visual inspection and by operation








(a)


Not operating correctly.






X


 


 




Affecting safe operation of the vehicle.


 


X


 










(b)


Emission of toxic or exhaust gases into driver's or passenger compartment.






 


X


 




Danger to health of persons on board.


 


 


X










(c)


Defective defrosting (if compulsory).






 


X


 










9.3.


Ventilation & heating system (X)2







Visual inspection and by operation








(a)


Defective operation.






X


 


 




Risk to health of persons on board.


 


X


 










(b)


Emission of toxic or exhaust gases into driver's or passenger compartment.






 


X


 




Danger to health of persons on board.


 


 


X




9.4.   Seats
















9.4.1.


Passenger seats (including seats for accompanying personnel)






Visual inspection


Folding seats (if allowed) not working automatically.


X


 


 




Blocking an emergency exit.


 


X


 










9.4.2.


Driver's seat (additional requirements)






Visual inspection








(a)


Defective special devices such as anti- glare shield.






X


 


 




Field of vision impaired.


 


X


 










(b)


Protection for driver insecure or not in accordance with requirements1.






X


 


 




Likely to cause injuries.


 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous










9.5.


Interior lighting and destination devices (X)2







Visual inspection and by operation


Device defective or not in accordance with requirements1.


X


 


 




Not operational at all.


 


X


 










9.6.


Gangways, standing areas






Visual inspection








(a)


Insecure floor.






 


X


 




Stability affected.


 


 


X










(b)


Defective rails or grab handles.






X


 


 




Insecure or un-useable.


 


X


 










(c)


Not in accordance with the requirements1.






X


 


 




Insufficient width or space.


 


X


 










9.7.


Stairs and steps






Visual inspection and by operation (where appropriate)








(a)


Deteriorated condition.






X


 


 




Damaged condition.


 


X


 




Stability affected.


 


 


X










(b)


Retractable steps not operating correctly.






 


X


 










(c)


Not in accordance with requirements1







X


 


 




Insufficient width or exceeding height.


 


X


 










9.8.


Passenger communication system (X)2







Visual inspection and by operation.


Defective system.


X


 


 




Not operational at all.


 


X


 










9.9.


Notices (X)2







Visual inspection.








(a)


Missing, erroneous or illegible notice.






X


 


 










(b)


Not in accordance with requirements1.






X


 


 




False information.


 


X


 




9.10.   Requirements regarding the transportation of children. (X)2

















9.10.1.


Doors






Visual inspection


Protection of doors not in accordance with the requirements1 regarding this form of transport.


 


X


 










9.10.2.


Signalling and special equipment






Visual inspection


Signalling or special equipment absent or not in accordance with requirements1



X


 


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous




9.11.   Requirements regarding the transportation of persons with reduced mobility (X)2

















9.11.1.


Doors, ramps and lifts






Visual inspection and operation








(a)


Defective operation.






X


 


 




Safe operation affected.


 


X


 










(b)


Deteriorated condition.






X


 


 




Stability affected; likely to cause injuries.


 


X


 










(c)


Defective control(s).






X


 


 




Safe operation affected.


 


X


 










(d)


Defective warning device(s).






X


 


 




Not operating at all.


 


X


 










(e)


Not in accordance with the requirements1.






 


X


 










9.11.2.


Wheelchair restraint system






Visual inspection and by operation if appropriate








(a)


Defective operation.






X


 


 




Safe operation affected.


 


X


 










(b)


Deteriorated condition.






X


 


 




Stability affected; likely to cause injuries.


 


X


 










(c)


Defective control(s).






X


 


 




Safe operation affected.


 


X


 










(d)


Not in accordance with the requirements1.






 


X


 










9.11.3.


Signalling and special equipment






Visual inspection


Signalling or special equipment absent or not in accordance with requirements1.


 


X


 




9.12.   Other special equipment (X)2

















9.12.1.


Installations for food preparation






Visual inspection








(a)


Installation not in accordance with the requirements1.






 


X


 










(b)


Installation damaged to such an extent that it would be dangerous to use it.






 


X


 

















Item


Method


Reasons for failure


Assessment of deficiencies




 


Minor


Major


Dangerous










9.12.2.


Sanitary installation






Visual inspection


Installation not in accordance with the requirements1.


X


 


 




Likely to cause injuries.


 


X


 










9.12.3.


Other devices (e.g. audiovisual systems)






Visual inspection


Not in accordance with the requirements1.


X


 


 




Safe operation of vehicle affected.


 


X


 










(1)


The vehicle categories which are outside the scope of this Directive are included for guidance.










(2)


43 % for semi-trailers approved before 1 January 2012.










(3)


48 % for vehicles not fitted with ABS or type-approved before 1 October 1991.










(4)


45 % for vehicles registered after 1988 or from the date specified in requirements, whichever is the later.










(5)


43 % for semi-trailers and draw-bar trailers registered after 1988 or from the date specified in requirements, whichever is the later.










(6)


E.g. 2,5 m/s2 for N1, N2 and N3 vehicles registered for the first time after 1.1.2012.










(7)


Type-approved in accordance with Directive 70/220/EEC, Regulation (EC) No 715/2007, Annex I, Table 1 (Euro 5), Directive 88/77/EEC and Directive 2005/55/EC.










(8)


Type-approved in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 715/2007, Annex I, Table 2 (Euro 6) and Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 (Euro VI).










(9)


Type-approved in accordance with limits in row B, Section 5.3.1.4 of Annex I to Directive 70/220/EEC as amended by Directive 98/69/EC or later; row B1, B2 or C, Section 6.2.1 of Annex I to Directive 88/77/EEC or first registered or put into service after 1 July 2008.




NOTES:







1



“Requirements” are laid down by type-approval at the date of approval, first registration or first entry into service as well as by retrofitting obligations or by national legislation in the country of registration. These reasons for failure apply only when compliance with requirements has been checked.











2



(X) identifies items which relate to the condition of the vehicle and its suitability for use on the road but which are not considered essential in a roadworthiness test.











3



Unsafe modification means a modification that adversely affects the road safety of the vehicle or has a disproportionately adverse effect on the environment.’