European Union schedule of specific commitments annexed to the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)
Date: 2019-08-16
Institutions: European Commission
Subjects: EU Member State, GATS, World Trade Organisation, international trade, provision of services, service, trade regulations




C_2019278EN.01000101.xml










16.8.2019   


EN


Official Journal of the European Union


C 278/1






European Union schedule of specific commitments annexed to the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)
2019/C 278/01
On 7 March 2019, the European Union communicated to the World Trade Organisation the entry into force of its consolidated schedule of commitments annexed to the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) as of 15 March 2019, in accordance with Article XX of the GATS.

INTRODUCTORY NOTE









1.


The specific commitments in this schedule apply only to the territories in which the Treaties establishing the European Communities are applied and under the conditions laid down in these Treaties. These commitments apply only to the relations between the Communities and their Member States on the one hand, and non-Community countries on the other. They do not affect the rights and obligations of Member States arising from Community law.












2.


The following abbreviations are used to indicate the Member States:






AT


Austria




BE


Belgium




CY


Cyprus




CZ


Czech Republic




DE


Germany




DK


Denmark




EE


Estonia




EL


Greece




ES


Spain




FI


Finland




FR


France




HU


Hungary




IE


Ireland




IT


Italy




LT


Lithuania




LU


Luxembourg




LV


Latvia




MT


Malta




NL


The Netherlands




PL


Poland




PT


Portugal




SE


Sweden




SI


Slovenia




SK


Slovak Republic




UK


United Kingdom
















3.


The rights and obligations arising from the GATS, including the schedule of commitments, shall have no self-executing effect and thus confer no rights directly to individual natural persons or juridical persons.












4.


A glossary of terms used by individual Member States is attached to this schedule.





EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES AND THEIR MEMBER STATES – CONSOLIDATED SCHEDULE OF SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS










Modes of supply:








(1)




Cross-border












(2)




Consumption abroad












(3)




Commercial presence












(4)




Presence of natural persons









Sector or Sub-sector


Limitations on Market Access


Limitations on National Treatment


Additional Commitments





I.   HORIZONTAL COMMITMENTS






ALL SECTORS INCLUDED IN THIS SCHEDULE


 


 


 




 



Public utilities







3)


All EC Member States: services considered as public utilities at a national or local level may be subject to public monopolies or to exclusive rights granted to private operators (1).






 


 




 



Legal entities







3)


All Member States except FI, HU, PL and SE: None
FI: At least half of the ordinary and deputy members of the Board of Directors have to be citizens of Finland and resident in Finland. The Managing Director of a limited company has to be a Finnish citizen and resident in Finland. Company exemptions may, however, be granted. These limitations do not apply to telecommunications services.
HU: Commercial presence should take the form of limited liability company, joint-stock company or representative office. Initial entry as branch is not permitted.







Legal entities



a)
   
Limitations on branches, agencies and representative offices








3)


All EC Member States: Treatment accorded to subsidiaries (of third country companies) formed in accordance with the law of a Member State and having their registered office, central administration or principal place of business within the Communities is not extended to branches or agencies established in a Member State by a third-country company. However, this does not prevent a Member State from extending this treatment to branches or agencies established in another Member State by a third-country company or firm, as regards their operation in the first Member State’s territory, unless such extension is explicitly prohibited by Community law (2).






 




 


PL: The establishment by foreign service suppliers may only take the form of limited liability company or joint stock company. The same legal form is required in the case of joint-venture of Polish and foreign companies. Unbound with respect to branches and representative offices.
SE: A foreign company (which has not established a legal entity in Sweden) shall conduct its commercial operations through a branch, established in Sweden with independent management and separate accounts. Building projects with a duration of less than a year are exempted from the requirements of establishing a branch or appointing a resident representative




b)
   
Limitations on subsidiaries








3)


All Member States: Treatment less favourable may be accorded to subsidiaries (of third-country companies) formed in accordance with the law of a Member State which have only their registered office in the territory of the Communities, unless it can be shown that they possess an effective and continuous link with the economy of one of the Member States. (3)







c)
   
Limitations additional to those under a) and b)








3)


All Member States except FI, SE, SI, SK: None
FI: A foreigner carrying on a trade as a private entrepreneur or as a partner in a Finnish limited or general partnership needs a trade permit and has to be permanently resident in Finland. If a foreign organization intends to carry on a business or trade by establishing a branch in Finland, a trade permit is required. A permission to act as a founder of a limited company is required of a foreign organization or a private person, who is not a citizen of Finland. These limitations do not apply to telecommunications services.






 




 


 


SE: A limited liability company (joint stock company) may be established by one or several founders. A founding party shall either reside in Sweden or be a Swedish legal entity. A partnership can only be a founding party if each partner resides in Sweden (4). Corresponding conditions prevail for establishment of all other types of legal entities. The managing director and at least 50 per cent of the members of the board shall reside in Sweden (5).
The managing director of a branch shall reside in Sweden (6). Foreign or Swedish citizens not residing in Sweden, who wishes to conduct commercial operations in Sweden, shall appoint and register with the local authority a resident representative responsible for such activities.
SI: At least half of the ordinary members of the Board of Directors have to be nationals of the Republic of Slovenia. The managing director of a limited liability company or at least the procurator has to be a Slovenian national. A non-Slovenian national, who is a director of a branch, established in the Republic of Slovenia by a foreign juridical person, has to be a resident in the Republic of Slovenia.
The establishment of branches by foreign companies is conditioned with the registration of the parent company in a court register in the country of origin for at least one year.
SK: A foreign natural person whose name is to be registered in the Commercial Register as a person authorized to act on behalf of the entrepreneur is required to submit residence permit for the Slovak Republic.


 




 


 








4)


All Member States except AT: None
AT: Managing directors of branches and juridical persons have to be resident in Austria; natural persons responsible within a juridical person or a branch for the observance of the Austrian Trade Act must be resident in Austria.





Subsidies







3)


All Member States except HU, PL: Eligibility for subsidies from the European Communities or Member States may be limited to juridical persons established within the territory of a Member State or a particular geographical sub-division thereof. Unbound for subsidies for research and development. The supply of a service, or its subsidisation, within the public sector is not in breach of this commitment.
All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE and SK: Unbound for branches established in a Member State by a non-Community company.
HU, PL: Unbound










4)


All Member States except AT, PL: to the extent that any subsidies are made available to natural persons, their availability may be limited to nationals of a Member State of the Communities.
AT, PL: Unbound






 




 



Investments







3)


All Member States except CY, ES, FR, HU, FI, IT, MT, PT, PL, SI: None
CY: The permission of the Central Bank is required for the participation of any non-resident in a corporate body or partnership in Cyprus. Foreign participation in all sectors/subsectors included in the Schedule of Commitments is normally limited up to 49 per cent. The decision of the authorities to grant permission for foreign participation is based on an economic needs test, for which the following criteria are used in general:






a)


Provision of services which are new to Cyprus










b)


Promotion of the export orientation of the economy with development of existing and new markets










c)


Transfer of modern technology, know-how and new management techniques










d)


Improvement either of the productive structure of the economy or of the quality of existing products and services










e)


Complementary impact on existing units or activities










f)


Viability of proposed project










g)


Creation of new job opportunities for scientists, qualitative improvement and training of local staff











Investments







3)


All Member States except CY, HU, LT, MT: None
CY: Entities with foreign participation must have paid up capital commensurate with their finance requirements and non-residents must finance their contribution through the importation of foreign exchange.
In case the non-resident participation exceeds 24 per cent, any additional financing for working capital requirements or otherwise should be raised from local and foreign sources in proportion to the participation of residents and non-residents in the entity’s equity. In the case of branches of foreign companies, all capital for the initial investment must be provided from foreign sources. Borrowing from local sources is only permitted after the initial implementation of the project, for financing working capital requirements.
HU: Unbound for the acquisition of state owned properties
LT: Investments in organizing the lotteries are forbidden under the Law on Foreign Capital Investment.
MT: Companies with the participation of non-resident legal or natural persons require a minimum share capital of Maltese Liri 10 000  of which 50 % has to be paid up. The non-resident percentage of the equity is to be paid for with funds emanating from abroad






 




 


In exceptional cases, in which a proposed investment satisfies most of the economic needs test criteria to a large extent, permission for foreign participation exceeding 49 per cent may be granted.
In the case of public companies, foreign equity participation is normally allowed to the extent of up to 30 per cent. In Mutual Funds the extent of allowable foreign ownership is 40 per cent.
Corporate bodies have to be registered under the Companies Law. Same Law requires that a foreign company wishing to establish a place of business or an office in Cyprus must register it as a foreign branch. For the registration the prior approval of the Central Bank is required under the Exchange Control Law. Such approval is subject to the foreign investment policy applicable at the time with regard to the Corporate Body’s proposed activities in Cyprus and the general investment criteria stipulated above.
ES: Investment in Spain by foreign government and foreign public entities (which tends to imply, besides economic, also non-economic interests to entity’s part), directly or through companies or other entities controlled directly or indirectly by foreign governments, need prior authorization by the government.
FR: Foreign purchases exceeding 33,33 per cent of the shares of capital or voting rights in existing French enterprise, or 20 per cent in publicly quoted French companies, are subject to the following regulations:


 


 




 








—


investments (7) of less than 50 million FF in French enterprises with a turnover not exceeding 500 million FF are free, after a delay of 15 days following prior notification and verification that these amounts are met;










—


after a period of one month following prior notification, authorization is tacitly granted for other investments unless the Minister of Economic Affairs has, in exceptional circumstances, exercised its right to postpone the investment.




Foreign participation in newly privatized companies may be limited to a variable amount, determined by the government of France on a case by case basis, of the equity offered to the public.
For establishing in certain (8) commercial, industrial or artisanal activities, a specific authorization is needed if the managing director is not holder of a permanent residence permit.
HU: Unbound for the acquisition of state owned properties
FI: Acquisition of shares by foreign owners giving more than one third of the voting rights of a major Finnish company or a major business undertaking (with more than 1 000  employees or with a turnover exceeding 1 000  million Finnish markka or with a balance sheet total exceeding 1 000  million Finnish markka) is subject to confirmation by the Finnish authorities; the confirmation may be denied only if an important national interest would be jeopardized. These limitations do not apply to telecommunications services.


 


 




 


IT: Exclusive rights may be granted or maintained to newly-privatized companies. Voting rights in newly privatized companies may be restricted in some cases. For a period of five years, the acquisition of large equity stakes of companies operating in the fields of defence, transport services, telecommunications and energy may be subject to the approval of the Ministry of Treasury.
MT: In terms of the Section 17 of the Exchange Control Act, non-residents of Malta, wishing to supply any service through Commercial Presence in Malta, may do so only by registering a local company with the prior permission of the Central Bank of Malta.
PT: Authorization (9) is required for investments by non-EC companies, when exceeding 20 per cent of the capital of the company or when the investments result in effective control or in strengthening of the decision making power. Foreign participation in newly privatized companies may be limited to a variable amount, determined by the Government of Portugal on a case by case basis, of the equity offered to the public.
PL: Authorization of the establishment of a company with foreign equity is required in the case of:


 


 




 








—


establishment of company, purchase or acquiring of shares or stocks in an existing company; extending of the activity of the company when the scope of activity embraces at least one of the following areas:






—


management of seaports and airports;










—


dealing in real estate or acting as intermediary in real estate transactions;










—


supply to defence industry that is not covered by other licensing requirements;










—


wholesale trade in imported consumer goods;










—


provision of legal advisory services.














—


establishment of a joint-venture company with a foreign equity in which the Polish party is a state legal person and is contributing non-pecuniary assets as initial capital;










—


arranging a contract, that includes right to use of state property for more than 6 months or decides on acquiring of such property.




SI: For financial services, authorization is issued by the authorities indicated in sector specific commitments and according to conditions indicated in sector specific commitments.
There are no limitations on establishment of a new business establishment ("greenfield investments").


 


 




 



Real estate purchases

All Member States except CY, DK, EL, HU, LV, MT, PL, SI, SK: None
CY: Unbound
DK: Limitations on real estate purchase by non-resident physical and legal entities. Limitations on agricultural estate purchased by foreign physical and legal entities.
EL: According to Law No. 1892/90 permission from the Minister of Defence is needed for a citizen to acquire land in areas near borders. According to administrative practices permission is easily granted for direct investment.
HU: Unbound for the acquisition of state owned properties
LV: For mode 3: Unbound in relation to acquisition of land; land lease not exceeding 99 years permitted.
MT: The requirements of Maltese legislation and regulations regarding acquisition of real property shall continue to apply (for mode 4).
PL: Unbound in relation to acquisition of state-owned property, i.e. the regulations governing the privatization process (for mode 3).



Real estate purchases

All Member States except AT, CZ, DE,FI, HU, IT, IE, LV, PL, SE and SK: None
AT: the acquisition, purchase as well as rent or lease of real estate by foreign natural persons and juridical persons requires an authorization by the competent regional authorities (Länder) which will consider whether important economic, social or cultural interests are affected or not.
CZ: Limitations on real estate acquisition by foreign natural and legal entities. Foreign entities may acquire real property through establishment of the Czech legal entities or participation in joint ventures. Acquisition of the land by foreign entities is subject to authorization.
DE: Purchase of real estate by foreigners in the Länder Berlin, Schleswig-Holstein and Saarland may be subject to authorization. After 1994 it is very likely that only Land Berlin will continue to require such authorization.
FI: Non-residents need a permit to acquire or rent real estate for more than two years intended for leisure-time dwelling or for recreational purposes.

(Åland Islands): Restrictions on the right for natural persons who do not enjoy regional citizenship in Åland, and for legal persons, to acquire and hold real property on the Åland Islands without permission by the competent authorities of the islands. Restrictions on the right of establishment and the right to provide services by natural persons who do not enjoy regional citizenship in Åland, or by any legal person, without permission by the competent authorities of the Åland Islands.


 




 


SI: Juridical persons, established in the Republic of Slovenia with foreign capital participation, may acquire real estate on the territory of the Republic of Slovenia. Branches (10) established in the Republic of Slovenia by foreign persons may only acquire real estate, except land, necessary for the conduct of the economic activities for which they are established. Ownership of real estate in the border areas of 10 km by companies in which majority of capital or voting rights belongs directly or indirectly to juridical persons or nationals of another Member is subject to special permission.
SK: None except for land (for modes 3 and 4)


HU: Unbound for the acquisition of state owned properties. Unbound with respect to the acquisition of real estate by foreign natural persons.
IT: Unbound for purchase of real estate
IE: Prior written consent of the Land Commission is necessary for the acquisition of any interest in Irish land by domestic or foreign companies or foreign nationals. Where such land is for industrial use (other than agricultural industry), this requirement is waived subject to a certificate to this effect from the Minister for Enterprise and Employment. This law does not apply to land within the boundaries of cities and towns.
LV: For mode 3: Unbound in relation to acquisition of land; land lease not exceeding 99 years permitted.
PL: Acquisition of real estate, direct and indirect, by foreigners and foreign legal persons requires permission
SE: Authorization required, normally from local authority, for acquisition of second homes by non-resident natural persons or foreign legal entities. If foreign acquisitions of second homes lead to increased real estate prices, authorizations may be denied.
SK: Limitations on real estate acquisition by foreign physical and legal entities. Foreign entities may acquire real property through establishment of Slovak legal entities or participation in joint ventures. Acquisition of the land by foreign entities is subject to authorization (for modes 3 and 4)


 




 



Exchange regime
 (11), (12), (13):






1), 2)


All Member States except SK: None
SK: In relation to current payments, limitation on acquisition of foreign exchange by resident nationals for personal purposes.
In relation to capital payments, foreign exchange authorization required for acceptance of financial credits from foreign subjects, direct capital investments abroad, acquisition of real estate abroad and purchase of foreign securities.







Exchange regime
 (14)







4)


All Member States except CY: None
CY: Under the Exchange Control Law, non-residents are not normally permitted to borrow from local sources






 




 



Industrial, commercial or artisanal activities







4)


FR: The managing director of an industrial, commercial or artisanal activity (15), if not holder of a residence permit, needs a specific authorization.
IT: Access to industrial, commercial and artisanal activities is subject to a residence permit and specific authorization to pursue the activity






 


 




 


 



Recognition of diplomas

All Member States: EC directives on mutual recognition of diplomas do not apply to nationals of third countries. Recognition of the diplomas which are required in order to practise regulated professional services by non-Community nationals remains within the competence of each Member State, unless Community law provides otherwise. The right to practise a regulated professional service in one Member State does not grant the right to practise in another Member State.


 




 



Categories of natural persons covered under Mode 4







4)


All Member States: Unbound except for measures concerning the entry into and temporary stay (16) within a Member State of the following categories of natural persons providing services:






(i)


Intra-corporate transfers (ICT):
For all Member States: Access is subject to the following conditions:






—


the natural person concerned must work within a juridical person (for AT, BE, CY, DE, DK, EE, EL, ES, FI, FR, IE, IT, LT, LU, LV, MT, NL, PT, SI, UK: other than a non-profit making organisation), established in the territory of a WTO Member and have been employed by it (for AT, BE, CY, DE, DK, ES, FR, FI, EL, IT, IE, LU, MT, NL, PT, SE, SI, UK: or have been a partner in it (other than as a majority shareholder)) for at least the year immediately preceding the date of admission (the date of application in the case of EE and LT) (three years in the case of SI). In IT, the natural person must be working within a juridical person constituted as a SPA (joint stock company) or a SRL (capital stock company with limited responsibility).















Categories of natural persons covered under Mode 4







4)


All Member States: Unbound except as indicated below

Intra-corporate transfers:

All Member States: Unbound except for measures concerning the categories of natural persons referred to and committed in the Market Access column






 




 








—


the natural person is temporarily transferred in the context of the provision of a service through commercial presence in the territory of the Community Member State concerned.










—


(AT, BE, CY, DE, DK, ES, FR, FI, EL, IT, IE, LU, MT, NL, PT, SE, SI, UK: the juridical person concerned must have their principal place of business in the territory of a WTO Member other than the Community and their Member States and the transfer must be to an establishment (subsidiary, branch, office) of that juridical person, effectively providing like services in the territory of the Community Member State concerned.) (CZ, LT, LV, PL, SK: The transfer must be to an establishment (subsidiary, branch, office) or the principal place of business of the aforementioned juridical person. The receiving entity must be constituted in and effectively providing like services in the territory of the Community Member State concerned.) (EE: The transfer must be to an establishment (subsidiary, branch, affiliate) of the aforementioned juridical person. The receiving entity must be constituted in and effectively providing like services in the territory of the Community Member State concerned.) (HU: The transfer must be to a subsidiary of the aforementioned juridical person. The receiving entity must be constituted in and effectively providing like services in the territory of the Community Member State concerned.)










—


the natural person concerned must belong to one of the following categories:






a)


Persons working in a senior position within a juridical person, who primarily direct the management of the establishment, receiving general supervision or direction principally from the board of directors or stockholders of the business or their equivalent, including:






—


directing the establishment or a department or sub-division of the establishment;










—


supervising and controlling the work of other supervisory, professional or managerial employees;










—


having the authority personally to hire and fire or recommend hiring, firing or other personnel actions.




CZ, EE, SK: such persons would not directly perform tasks related to the actual provisions of the services of the establishment,










 


 




 








b)


Persons working within a juridical person who possess uncommon knowledge essential to the establishment’s service, research equipment, techniques or management. In assessing such knowledge, account will be taken not only of knowledge specific to the establishment, but also of whether the person has a high level of qualification referring to a type of work or trade requiring specific technical knowledge, including membership of an accredited profession.
All Member States except FI, LV, PL: An economic needs test will not be required.
FI: compliance with an economic needs test is required for specialists and may be applied in the case of partners.
LV: For specialists, vacancies have to be registered at the State Employment Office together with information on necessary qualifications (e.g. education, job experience, language skills, other special requirements). Vacancy has to be open for applications for one month.






 


 




 


PL: Market test requirement.
AT, BE, CY, CZ, DE, DK, ES, FR, FI, EL,HU, IT, IE, LU, MT, NL, PT, SK, UK: The duration of “temporary stay” of intra-corporate transfers is defined by the Member States and, where they exist, Community laws and regulations regarding entry, stay and work.
EE: Entry and stay is limited to a three year period that may be extended for up to two additional years for a total term not to exceed five years.
LV: Duration of temporary stay is limited to a total period of five years.
LT: Duration of temporary stay is three years. In the case of senior managers, the stay may be extended.
PL: Work permits are issued exclusively for the definite period – up to one year, with a possibility of extension – to a given foreigner working at a specified employer.
SE: Temporary entry and stay is limited to a two year period (extensions may be granted).
SI: The duration of temporary stay for “intra-corporate transferees” is limited with a “business visa” and a residence permit, which may be granted up to one year with extensions.


 


 




 








(ii)


Business Visitors (BV):
All Member States: Entry and temporary stay of the following categories is permitted without application of an economic needs test:






a)



Service sellers: All Member States: Persons not residing in the territory of a Member State to which the EC treaties apply, who are representatives of a service supplier and are seeking temporary entry for the purpose of negotiating for the sale of services or entering into agreements to sell services for that service provider, where those representatives will not be engaged in making direct sales to the general public or in supplying services themselves (in addition, for EE, HU, LV, SI: or on their own behalf receive remuneration from a source located within the Member State concerned).
In addition, for EE, SE: the person concerned must have been employed by that service suppliers for at least one year immediately preceding the date of their application for admission.










b)



Establishment of commercial presence: All Member States except FI, HU, PL: Persons working (all Member States except EE, LT, LV, SI: in a senior position, as defined in (i) a) above) within a juridical person, who are responsible for the setting up, in a Member State, of a commercial presence of a service provider of a Member when:






—


the representatives are not engaged in making direct sales or supplying services (in addition, for EE, LV, SI: or on their own behalf receive remuneration from a source located within the Member State concerned); and










—


All Member States except LT, LV, SI: the service provider has its principal place of business in the territory of a WTO Member other than the Communities and their Member States and has no other representative, office, branch or subsidiary in that Member State.










—


in addition, for EE, SE: the person concerned must have been employed by that service supplier for at least one year immediately preceding the date of their application for admission.















Business visitors:

All Member States: Unbound except for measures concerning the categories of natural persons referred to and committed in the Market Access column


 




 


FI, HU, PL: Unbound.
AT, BE, CY, CZ, DE, DK, ES, FR, EL, IT, IE, LU, MT, NL, PT, SK, UK: The duration of “temporary stay” of business visitors is defined by the Member States and, where they exist, Community laws and regulations regarding entry, stay and work.
EE: Entry is limited to a maximum duration of 90 days per six month period.
FI, PL, SE: Temporary entry and stay is limited to a three month period.
HU: Entry and stay shall be for a period of no more than 90 days.
LT: The duration of temporary stay is up to three months a year.
LV, SI: The duration of temporary stay is limited with a 90 day visa.


 


 




 








(iii)


Contractual service suppliers (CSS):
AT, BE, DE, DK, ES, EE, FR, FI, EL, IT, IE, LU, LV, NL, PT, SE, UK: Access is subject to the following conditions:






—


The natural persons are engaged in the supply of a service on a temporary basis as employees of a juridical person, who has no commercial presence in any Member State of the European Community.










—


The juridical person has obtained a service contract for a period not exceeding 3 months (12 months for computer and related services in the case of SE, and no specific period for EE and LV) from a final consumer in the Member State concerned (from an enterprise engaged in substantive business activities in the Member State concerned in the case of EE, LV), through an open tendering procedure or any other procedure which guarantees the bona fide character of the contract (e.g. advertisement of the availability of the contract) where this requirement exists or is introduced in the Member State pursuant to the laws, regulations and requirements of the European Community or its Member States.)











Contractual service suppliers:

AT, BE, DE, DK, ES, EE, FI, FR, EL, IE, IT, LV, LU, NL, PT, SE, UK: Unbound except for measures concerning the categories of natural persons referred to and committed in the Market Access column
CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound


 




 








—


The service contract shall comply with the laws, regulations and requirements of the European Community and the Member State where the contract is executed.










—


The natural person seeking access should be offering such services as an employee of the juridical person supplying the service for at least the year (two years in the case of EL) immediately preceding such movement (the date of application in the case of EE, LV).










—


The temporary entry and stay within the Member State concerned shall be for a period of not more than three months in any 12 months period (24 months in the case of NL) (ninety days in any six months in the case of EE) (six months in any 12 months period for computer and related services in the case of SE) or for the duration of the contract, whatever is less.










—


The natural person must possess the necessary academic qualifications and professional experience as specified for the sector or activity concerned in the Member State where the service is supplied.










—


An economic needs test will not be required except where otherwise indicated for a specific sub-sector.










—


The commitment relates only to the service activity which is the subject of the contract; it does not confer entitlement to exercise the professional title of the Member State concerned.










—


The number of the persons covered by the service contract shall not be larger than necessary to fulfil the contract, as it may be decided by the laws, regulations and requirements of the European Community and the Member State where the service is supplied.










—


The service contract has to be obtained in one of the activities mentioned below, subject to a specific commitment being undertaken by the Member State concerned in the sector specific part and any additional conditions mentioned therein:






—


Legal services










—


Accounting services










—


Taxation advisory services










—


Architectural services, urban planning and landscape architectural services










—


Engineering services, integrated engineering services










—


Computer and related services










—


Research and development services










—


Advertising










—


Management consulting services










—


Services related to management consulting










—


Technical testing and analysis services










—


Related scientific and technical consulting services










—


Translation services










—


Construction services, site investigation work










—


Higher education services










—


Travel agencies and tour operator services










—


Entertainment services










—


Services related to the sale of equipment or to the assignment of a patent.










 


 




 


CY, CZ, HU, MT, LT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound.


 


 





II.   SECTOR-SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS












1.


BUSINESS SERVICES






 


 


 












A.





Professional Services







 


 


 










a)


All Member States except CZ, EE, FI, HU, LV, PL, SI, SK: Legal advice home country law and public international law (excluding EC law)
HU: Legal advisory services concerning home country law (part of CPC 861)
FI: Legal Services (CPC 861): public international law and home country law
CZ, EE, LV, PL, SI, SK: Legal Services (CPC 861) (17).












1)


All Member States except CY, EE, FR, MT, PT, SE, SI: None
CY, MT: Unbound
EE: Unbound for CPC 861 other than CPC 86190
FR, PT, SI: Unbound for drafting of legal documents.
SE: An "advokat" (see next column) may not practice his profession neither in cooperation with other persons than other "advokats", nor in the form of a limited liability company (joint stock company) (18).












1)


All Member States except AT, CY, DK, EE, FR, MT, PT, SE, SI: None
AT: Foreign legal advisors are required to be members of their national Bar Association; they may use their professional title only with reference to the place of registration in their home country
CY, MT: Unbound
DK: Marketing of legal advice activities is restricted to lawyers with a Danish licence to practise and law firms registered in Denmark.
EE: Unbound for CPC 861 other than CPC 86190
FR, PT, SI: Unbound for drafting of legal documents.
SE: None except for the protection of the use of the Swedish title "advokat" (lawyer/solicitor/barrister), which requires membership in the Swedish Bar Association. Swedish law exam or equivalent education and practical experience, citizenship and residency are required for such membership (19).






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, MT: None
CY, MT: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, MT: None
CY, MT: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, DE, EE, FR, FI, HU, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
AT, CY, MT: Unbound
CZ: No limitation involving foreign law. For activities involving national law acceptance in the Czech Bar Association or in the Czech Chamber of Commercial Lawyers is required
DE: Access subject to acceptance into a Bar Association according to the "Federal Lawyers Act" which requires establishment which is restricted to sole proprietorship or partnership only.
EE: None for CPC 86190. For CPC 861 other than CPC 86190, commercial presence is restricted to sole proprietorships or to law firms with limited liability, in which cases permission is needed from the Bar Association (Advokatuur). According to the Bar Statute/Advokatuuri põhimäärus) only Estonian nationals are allowed to establish a lawyer’s office. To get accepted into the Bar Association the following requirements should be met: a) two years’ work experience as an assistant to a barrister at law; b) passing a relevant examination; c) work for three years as a senior assistant. After that it is possible to pass a lawyer’s exam (excellent knowledge of the Estonian law and excellent proficiency in the Estonian language are required). Notaries Public are persons performing a public service; they are appointed by the Ministry of Justice












3)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, DK, EE, MT, SE, SI, SK: None
AT, CY, MT: Unbound
CZ: Barristers and commercial lawyers in Czech law are required to be graduates of Czech universities
DK: Marketing of legal advice activities is restricted to law firms registered in Denmark. Only lawyers with a Danish licence to practise and law firms registered in Denmark may own shares in a Danish law firm. Only lawyers with a Danish licence to practise may sit on the board or be part of the management of a Danish law firm.
EE: None for CPC 86190. Unbound for CPC 861 other than CPC 86190.






FR: Host country law and international law (including EC law) are opened to the Members of the regulated legal and judicial profession (20).
LU: Host country law and international law (including EC law) subject to registration as "avocat" at the Luxembourg Bar.




 


FR: Provision through SEL (anonyme, à responsabilité limitée ou en commandite par actions) or SCP only.
FI: When practising legal services as a member of the General Bar Association, Finnish citizenship and residency in Finland are required
HU: Commercial presence should take the form of representative office
LV: None for consultancy on home country and public international law. For CPC 861 other than consultancy on home country and public international law, licence issued by the Ministry of Justice and knowledge of Latvian language required. Licensed lawyer can provide all legal services, except representation in criminal proceedings. Representation in criminal proceedings permitted only to sworn solicitors. Nationality requirement for sworn solicitors and sworn notaries. Sworn solicitors and sworn notaries have to be at least 25 years old, having knowledge of Latvian language, graduated from University of Latvia or from other university recognized as equal by the Faculty of Law, University of Latvia, and having practical experience. Sworn solicitors have to pass examination in accordance with rules set up by Council of Sworn Solicitors. Sworn notaries have to pass examination in accordance with order set up by the Minister of Justice in cooperation with the Council of Sworn Notaries.


SE: None except for the protection of the use of the Swedish title "advokat" (lawyer/solicitor/barrister), which requires membership in the Swedish Bar Association. Swedish law exam or equivalent education and practical experience, citizenship and residency are required for such membership (21).
SI: Conditions for acceptance into the Bar Association for lawyers who are not Slovenian nationals and have a licence to practice in another Member, have to have a certificate of knowledge of the Slovenian law and must be proficient in the Slovenian language
SK: Barristers and commercial lawyers in Slovak law are required to be graduates of Slovak universities


 




 


PL: Establishment subject to authorization. Nationality requirement.
SE: An "advokat" (see next column) may not practice his profession neither in cooperation with other persons than other "advokats", nor in the form of a limited liability company (joint stock company) (22).
SI: Commercial presence is restricted to sole proprietorship or to a law firm with unlimited responsibility (partnership) only. Only lawyers with licence to practice may be partners. For activities involving national law acceptance into the Bar Association ("Odvetniška zbornica Slovenije") is required. Consent of the Bar Association is required for the establishment of any law firm. Conditions for acceptance into the Bar Association for lawyers who are not Slovenian nationals and have a licence to practice in an another Member, have to have a certificate of knowledge of the Slovenian law and must be proficient in the Slovenian language. Notaries public are persons performing a public service. Concession rights can be acquired by licence.
SK: No limitation involving foreign law. For activities involving national law acceptance in the Slovak Bar Association or in the Slovak Chamber of Commercial Lawyers is required


 


 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, LU, MT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:
AT: Unbound except as indicated below: at the request of a consumer, legal advisors may temporarily move into the territory of Austria in order to supply a specific service.


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:
AT: Unbound except as indicated in the Market access column. Foreign legal advisors are required to be members of their national Bar Association; they may use their professional title only with reference to the place of registration in their home country.


 




 


FR: Legal advice activities and drafting of legal documents as a main activity and for the public, are reserved to the members of the regulated legal and judicial professions (23). These activities may also be exercised as a secondary activity to the principal activity by members of other regulated professions or by qualified persons.
FI: When practicing legal services as a member of the General Bar Association, Finnish citizenship and residency in Finland are required.
EL: Condition of nationality
LV: For CPC 861 other than consultancy on home country and public international law, licence issued by the Ministry of Justice and knowledge of Latvian language required. Licensed lawyer can provide all legal services, except representation in criminal proceedings. Representation in criminal proceedings permitted only to sworn solicitors. Nationality requirement for sworn solicitors and sworn notaries. Sworn solicitors and sworn notaries have to be at least 25 years old, having knowledge of Latvian language, graduated from University of Latvia or from other university recognized as equal by the Faculty of Law, University of Latvia, and having practical experience. Sworn solicitors have to pass examination in accordance with rules set up by Council of Sworn Solicitors. Sworn notaries have to pass examination in accordance with order set up by the Minister of Justice in cooperation with the Council of Sworn Notaries.
PL: Nationality requirement
SE: An "advokat" (see next column) may not practice his profession neither in cooperation with other persons than other "advokats", nor in the form of a limited liability company (joint stock company) (24).
CY, LU, MT: Unbound


DK: Marketing of legal advice activities is restricted to lawyers with a Danish licence to practise. Requirement of a Danish legal examination in order to obtain a Danish licence to practise.
SE: None except for the protection of the use of the Swedish title “advokat” (lawyer/solicitor/barrister), which requires membership in the Swedish Bar Association. Swedish law exam or equivalent education and practical experience, citizenship and residency are required for such membership (25).
CY, MT: Unbound
FI, LV, PL: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States except DE and UK: Unbound
DE, UK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:
DE, UK: University degree and professional and qualifications and three years’ professional experience in the sector.
DE: Unbound for activities reserved to “Rechtsanwalt”.



CSS

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, CZ, HU, MT, LT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound
LV: None.


 










b)


Accounting services (CPC 86212 other than "auditing services", 86213, 86219)












1)


All Member States except CY, FR, EL, HU, IT, MT, SI: None
CY, FR, EL, HU, IT, MT, SI: Unbound












1)


All Member States except AT, FR, EL, IT, MT, SI: None
AT: No representation before competent authorities
FR, EL, IT, MT, SI: Unbound






 




 








2)


All Member States except MT: None
MT: Unbound












2)


All Member States except MT: None
MT: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except AT, CY, DE, FR, IT, LV, MT, PT, SI: None
AT: Foreign accountants’ (who must be authorized according to the law of their home country) equity participation and shares in the operating results of any Austrian legal entity may not exceed 25 per cent; this applies only to non-members of the Austrian Professional Body
CY: Access is restricted to natural persons who have obtained authorization from the Minister of Finance. Authorization is subject to economic needs test. The criteria used are analogous to those for granting permission for foreign investment (listed in horizontal section (as they apply to this subsector, always taking into consideration the employment situation in the subsector. Professional associations (partnerships) among natural persons is permitted. No body corporate is allowed.












3)


All Member States except DK, MT: None
DK: Foreign accountants may enter into partnerships with Danish authorized accountants after obtaining permission from the Danish Commerce and Companies Agency.
MT: Unbound






 




 


DE: Provision through a "GmbH & CoKG" and "EWIV" is prohibited.
FR: Provision through a SEL (anonyme, à responsabilité limitée ou en commandite par actions) or SCP only.
IT: Access is restricted to natural persons. Professional association (no incorporation) among natural persons permitted.
LV: The owner of shares or the head of a firm should be qualified as a sworn auditor in Latvia. Sworn auditors can be persons no younger than 25 years and: a) having a high school degree in economics or in other specialities, if an examination on basic economics is passed; b) having at least 3 years experience in auditing recognized by the Latvian Association of Sworn Auditors; c) which have passed qualification examination and acquired licence of sworn auditor in accordance with requirements of Latvian Association of Sworn Auditors; d) having excellent reputation
MT: Unbound
PT: Provision through professional establishment only.
SI: Commercial presence should take the form of a juridical person


 


 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except MT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: In addition to the horizontal commitments at the request of a consumer, accountants may temporarily move into the territory of Austria in order to supply a specific service. However, as a rule natural persons supplying accounting services are required to have their professional centre (commercial presence) in Austria.










 


DK: Citizenship requirement unless otherwise provided by the Danish Commerce and Companies Agency.










 


FR: Condition of nationality. However non-EC professionals may be permitted to provide services, by a decision of the Minister of Economics, Finance and Budget, in agreement with the Minister of Foreign Affairs. The requirement of residence cannot exceed 5 years.










 


IT: Condition of nationality for "Ragionieri-Periti commerciali".










 


LV: The owner of shares or the head of a firm should be qualified as a sworn auditor in Latvia. Sworn auditors can be persons no younger than 25 years and: a) having a high school degree in economics or in other specialities, if an examination on basic economics is passed; b) having at least 3 years experience in auditing recognized by the Latvian Association of Sworn Auditors; c) which have passed qualification examination and acquired licence of sworn auditor in accordance with requirements of Latvian Association of Sworn Auditors; d) having excellent reputation










 


SI: Limitations on natural persons employed by juridical persons only




MT: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except FI, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: Unbound except as indicated in the Market Access column. No representation before competent authorities.










 


DK, IT: Residence requirement.










 


SI: Unbound except as indicated in the Market Access column




MT: Unbound
FI, LV, PL: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States except AT, DE, LU, NL, UK, SE: Unbound
AT, DE, LU, NL, UK, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT, DE, NL, UK, SE: University degree and professional qualifications and three years’ experience in the sector.
AT: Examination before the Austrian professional body. The employer must be member of the relevant professional body in the home country where such body exists.
DE: Unbound for activities reserved by law in the "Wirtschaftsprüfer".







CSS

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound
LV: None


 










b)


Auditing services (26)
 (27) (CPC 86211 and 86212 other than accounting services)












1)


All Member States except AT, CZ, EE, LV, LT, PL, SE and SK: Unbound
AT, CZ, EE, LV, PL, SK: None.
LT: None except that auditor’s report must be prepared in conjunction with an auditor accredited to practice in Lithuania
SE: Only auditors approved in Sweden may perform legal auditing services in certain legal entities, a.o. in all limited companies. Only such persons may be shareowners or form partnerships in companies which practice qualified auditing (for official purposes). Swedish exam, work experience and residency are required for approval.












1)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, PL, SE and SK: Unbound
AT: No representation before competent authorities; no audits provided for in specific Austrian laws (e.g. joint stock companies law, stock exchange law, banking law, etc.)
CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, PL, SK: None
LT: None except that auditor’s report must be prepared in conjunction with an auditor accredited to practice in Lithuania
SE: Residency and Swedish exam required (28)







 




 








2)


All Member States except MT: None
MT: Unbound












2)


All Member States except MT: None
MT: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except AT, BE, CY, CZ, DE, FR, FI, IT, IE, LV, LT, MT, PT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
AT: Foreign auditors’ (who must be authorized according to the law of their home country) equity participation and shares in the operating results of any Austrian legal entity may not exceed 25 per cent; this applies only to non-members of the Austrian Professional Body
BE: Provision through a "SA" and "Société en commandite" is prohibited.












3)


All Member States except DK, MT, SE: None
DK: Foreign auditors may enter into partnerships with Danish State authorized accountants after obtaining permission from the Danish Commerce and Companies Agency.
MT: Unbound
SE: Residency and Swedish exam required (29)







 




 


CY: Access is restricted to natural persons who have obtained authorization from the Minister of Finance. Authorization is subject to economic needs test. The criteria used are analogous to those for granting permission for foreign investment (listed in horizontal section), as they apply to this subsector, always taking into consideration the employment situation in the subsector. Professional associations (partnerships) among natural persons is permitted. No body corporate is allowed.
CZ: Auditing may be provided by natural or juridical persons registered in the auditors list of the Chamber of Auditors. In case of juridical persons at least 60 per cent of capital share or voting rights are reserved to Czech nationals
DE: Provision through a "GmbH & CoKG" and "EWIV" is prohibited.
FR: For statutory audits: provision through any company form except SNC, SCS and secondary offices.
FI: At least one of the auditors of a Finnish Liability company must be a Finnish citizen resident in Finland
IT: For access as "Ragionieri-Periti commerciali" and "Dottori commerciali", access is restricted to natural persons only. Professional association (no incorporation) among natural persons permitted.
IE: Provision through partnership only.


 


 




 


LV: The owner of shares or the head of a firm should be qualified as a sworn auditor in Latvia. Sworn auditors can be persons no younger than 25 years and: a) having a high school degree in economics or in other specialities, if an examination on basic economics is passed; b) having at least 3 years experience in auditing recognized by the Latvian Association of Sworn Auditors; c) which have passed qualification examination and acquired licence of sworn auditor in accordance with requirements of Latvian Association of Sworn Auditors; d) having excellent reputation
LT: None, except non less than 75 per cent of shares should belong to auditors or auditing companies. The establishment is allowed through the all kinds of legal forms of companies except Public Stock Corporation (AB). Qualification requirements for auditors in the country of origin of those auditors or auditing companies should be not lower than in Lithuania.
MT: Unbound
PT: Provision through professional association only.
PL: Nationality requirement. Foreign auditors might practice after confirmation of their qualifications.
SE: Only auditors approved in Sweden may perform legal auditing services in certain legal entities, a.o. in all limited companies. Only such persons may be shareowners or form partnerships in companies which practice qualified auditing (for official purposes). Swedish exam, work experience and residency are required for approval.
SI: Commercial presence should take the form of a juridical person. The share of foreign persons in auditing companies may not exceed 49 per cent of the equity. Provision through auditing companies only
SK: Auditing may be provided by natural or juridical persons registered in the auditors list of the Chamber of Auditors. In case of juridical persons at least 60 per cent of capital share or voting rights are reserved to Slovak nationals


 


 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except MT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: In addition to the horizontal commitments at the request of a consumer, auditors may temporarily move into the territory of Austria in order to supply a specific service. However, as a rule natural persons supplying auditing services are required to have their professional centre (commercial presence) in Austria.










 


DK: Citizenship condition, unless otherwise provided by the Danish Commerce and Companies Agency.










 


ES, EL: Conditions of nationality for statutory auditors.










 


ES: Audit companies: Administrators, directors and partners of companies other than those covered by the 8th EEC directive on company law, must fulfil a nationality condition.










 


FI: At least one of the auditors of a Finnish Liability company must be a Finnish citizen resident in Finland










 


IT: Nationality requirement for "Ragionieri-Periti commerciali". Audit companies: administrators and auditors in "società di revisions" other than those covered by the 8th EEC directive on company law, must fulfil a nationality condition.






4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except FI, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: Unbound except as indicated in the Market Access column. No representation before competent authorities; no audits provided for in specific Austrian laws (e.g. joint stock companies law, stock exchange law, banking law, etc.)










 


DK: Residence requirement.










 


IT, PT: Residence requirement for individual auditors.










 


SE: Residency and Swedish exam required (30).




MT: Unbound
FI, LV, PL: None


 




 


LV: The owner of shares or the head of a firm should be qualified as a sworn auditor in Latvia. Sworn auditors can be persons no younger than 25 years and: a) having a high school degree in economics or in other specialities, if an examination on basic economics is passed; b) having at least 3 years experience in auditing recognized by the Latvian Association of Sworn Auditors; c) which have passed qualification examination and acquired licence of sworn auditor in accordance with requirements of Latvian Association of Sworn Auditors; d) having excellent reputation
PL: Nationality requirement. Foreign auditors might practice after confirmation of their qualifications.
SE: Only auditors approved in Sweden may perform legal auditing services in certain legal entities, a.o. in all limited companies. Only such persons may be shareowners or form partnerships in companies which practice qualified auditing (for official purposes). Swedish exam, work experience and residency are required for approval.
SI: Limitations on natural persons employed by juridical persons only
MT: Unbound


 


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.
LV: None.


 










b)


Bookkeeping services (CPC 86220)












1)


All Member States except CY, FR, FI, EL, HU, IT, MT, SI: None
CY, FR, FI, EL, HU, IT, MT, SI: Unbound.












1)


All Member States except AT, FR, FI, EL, IT, MT, SI: None
AT: No representation before competent authorities
FR, FI, EL, IT, MT, SI: Unbound.






 




 








2)


All Member States except FI, MT: None
FI, MT: Unbound












2)


All Member States except FI, MT: None
FI, MT: Unbound.






 




 








3)


All Member States except AT, CY, FR, FI, IT, LV, MT, SI: None
AT: Foreign accountants (who must be authorized according to the law of their home country) equity participation and shares in the operating results of any Austrian legal entity may not exceed 25 per cent; this applies only to non-members of the Austrian Professional Body
CY: Access is restricted to natural persons who have obtained authorization from the Minister of Finance. Authorization is subject to economic needs test. The criteria used are analogous to those for granting permission for foreign investment (listed in horizontal section), as they apply to this subsector, always taking into consideration the employment situation in the subsector. Professional associations (partnerships) among natural persons is permitted. No body corporate is allowed.












3)


All Member States except FI, MT: None
FI, MT: Unbound.






 




 


FR: Provision through a SEL (anonyme, à responsabilité limitée ou en commandite par actions) or SCP only.
FI, MT: Unbound
IT: Access for natural persons only. Professional association (no incorporation) among natural persons permitted.
LV: The owner of shares or the head of a firm should be qualified as a sworn auditor in Latvia. Sworn auditors can be persons no younger than 25 years and: a) having a high school degree in economics or in other specialities, if an examination on basic economics is passed; b) having at least 3 years experience in auditing recognized by the Latvian Association of Sworn Auditors; c) which have passed qualification examination and acquired licence of sworn auditor in accordance with requirements of Latvian Association of Sworn Auditors; d) having excellent reputation
SI: Commercial presence should take the form of a juridical person.


 


 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except FI, MT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: in addition to the horizontal commitments at the request of a consumer, accountants may temporarily move into the territory of Austria in order to supply a specific service. However, as a rule natural persons supplying bookkeeping services are required to have their professional centre (commercial presence) in Austria.










 


FR: Condition of nationality. However non-EC professionals may be permitted to provide services, by a decision of the Minister of Economics, Finance and Budget, in agreement with the Minister of Foreign Affairs. The requirement of residence cannot exceed 5 years.










 


IT: Condition of nationality for "Ragionieri-Periti commerciali".










 


LV: The owner of shares or the head of a firm should be qualified as a sworn auditor in Latvia. Sworn auditors can be persons no younger than 25 years and: a) having a high school degree in economics or in other specialities, if an examination on basic economics is passed; b) having at least 3 years experience in auditing recognized by the Latvian Association of Sworn Auditors; c) which have passed qualification examination and acquired licence of sworn auditor in accordance with requirements of Latvian Association of Sworn Auditors; d) having excellent reputation










 


SI: Limitations on natural persons employed by juridical persons only




FI, MT: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except FI, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: Unbound except as indicated in the Market Access column. No representation before competent authorities.
IT: Residence requirement for "Ragionieri-Periti commerciali".
PT: Residence requirement.




FI, MT: Unbound
LV, PL: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States except AT: Unbound
AT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: University degree and professional qualifications and three years’ experience in the sector.
AT: Examination before the Austrian professional body. The employer must be member of the relevant professional body in the home country where such body exists.







CSS

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None
CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound


 










c)


Taxation Advisory Services (CPC 863: excluding representation in Court/tribunals)












1)


All Member States except CY, FR, MT, PL, SI: None
CY: Tax agents must be duly authorized by the Minister of Finance. Authorization is subject to an economic needs test
FR: Unbound for the drafting of legal documents.
MT, PL, SI: Unbound












1)


All Member States except AT, FR, MT, PL, SI: None
AT: No representation before competent authorities
FR: Unbound for the drafting of legal documents.
MT, PL, SI: Unbound






 




 








2)


All Member States except MT, PL, SI: None
MT, PL, SI: Unbound












2)


All Member States except MT, PL, SI: None
MT, PL, SI: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, FR, IT, MT, PL, SI, SK: None
AT: Foreign tax advisors’ (who must be authorized according to the law of their home country) equity participation and shares in the operating results of any Austrian legal entity may not exceed 25 per cent; this applies only to non-members of the Austrian Professional Body
CY: Access is restricted to natural persons who have obtained authorization from the Minister of Finance. Authorization is subject to economic needs test. The criteria used are analogous to those for granting permission for foreign investment (listed in horizontal section), as they apply to this subsector, always taking into consideration the employment situation in the subsector. Professional associations (partnerships) among natural persons is permitted. No body corporate is allowed.
CZ, SK: Taxation services may be provided by natural or juridical persons registered in the list of the Chamber of Tax Consultants or in the Chamber of Auditors
FR: Provision through SEL (anonyme, à responsabilité limitée ou en commandite par actions) or SCP only.
IT: Access for natural persons only. Professional association (no incorporation) among natural persons permitted.
MT, PL, SI: Unbound












3)


All Member States except MT, PL, SI: None
MT, PL, SI: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except MT, PL, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: In addition to the horizontal commitments at the request of a consumer, tax advisors may temporarily move into the territory of Austria in order to supply a specific service. However, as a rule natural persons supplying taxation services are required to have their professional centre (commercial presence) in Austria.










 


FR: Legal advice activities and drafting of legal documents as a main activity and for the public, are reserved to the members of the regulated legal and judicial professions (31). These activities may also be exercised as a secondary activity to the principal activity by members of other regulated professions or by qualified persons.










 


HU: Permanent residency requirement










 


IT: Condition of nationality for "Ragionieri-Periti commerciali".




MT, PL, SI: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except FI, LV, MT, PL, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: Unbound except as indicated in the Market access column. No representation before competent authorities
IT, PT: Residence requirement




MT, PL, SI: Unbound
FI, LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States except AT, BE, DE, LU, NL, UK, SE: Unbound
AT, BE, DE, LU, NL, UK, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT, BE, NL, UK, SE: University degree and professional qualifications and three years’ experience in the sector.
AT: Examination before the Austrian professional body. The employer must be member of the relevant professional body in the home country where such body exists.
DE: Unbound except for consulting services related to foreign tax law, where: university degree and professional, qualifications and three years’ professional experience in the sector.







CSS

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None
CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound


 










d)


Architectural Services (CPC 8671)












1)


All Member States except BE, CY, EL, IT, MT, PT, PL, SI: None
BE, CY, EL, IT, MT, PT, PL, SI: Unbound.












1)


All Member States except AT, BE, CY, DE, EL, IT, MT, PT, PL: None
AT: None for pure planning services; the submission of plans for approval by the competent authorities requires co-operation with an established supplier of planning services
BE, CY, EL, IT, MT, PT, PL: Unbound.
DE: Application of the national rules on fees and emoluments for all services which are performed from abroad.






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, MT, PL: None
CY, MT, PL: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, MT, PL: None
CY, MT, PL: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, ES, FR, IT, LV, MT, PT, PL, SK: None
CY, MT, PL: Unbound
CZ: Authorization by the Czech Chamber of Architects is required. Authorization by analogous foreign institutions may be recognized. Natural and juridical persons may provide architectural services only by authorized architects. Condition of nationality and residence is required, however exceptions might be considered
ES: Access is restricted to natural persons.
FR: Provision through SEL (anonyme, à responsabilité limitée ou en commandite par actions) or SCP only.
IT, PT: Access is restricted to natural persons. Professional associations. (no incorporation) among natural persons permitted.
LV: Practice of 3 years in Latvia in the field of projecting and university degree required to receive the licence enabling to engage in business activity with full range of legal responsibility and rights to sign a project
SK: Authorization by the Slovak Chamber of Architects is required. Authorization by analogous foreign institutions may be recognized. Natural and juridical persons may provide architectural services only by authorized architects. Condition of nationality and residence is required, however exceptions might be considered












3)


All Member States except CY, EE, MT, PL: None
CY, MT, PL: Unbound
EE: None except that at least one responsible person (project manager or consultant) must be resident of Estonia






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: Commercial presence required
EL, PT: Condition of nationality
FR: Condition of nationality unless waived by ministerial authorization.
HU: Permanent residency requirement




CY, MT, PL: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: Unbound except as indicated in the Market Access column.
BE, DE, FR: Use by third country qualified professionals of the professional title is only possible on the basis of mutual recognition agreements or for BE, with special authorization by Royal Decree.
IT: Residence requirement




CY, MT, PL: Unbound
FI, LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States except DK, ES, EE, LU, NL, UK, SE: Unbound
DK, ES, EE, LU, NL, UK, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


DK, NL, UK, SE: University degree and professional qualifications and three years’ professional experience in the sector.
ES: Academic and professional qualifications recognized by the national authorities and licence delivered by the Professional Association. Unbound for CPC 86713, 86714, 86719.
EE: Must be providing services as a professional (university degree and professional qualifications required) with at least five years experience in a related field.







CSS

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None
CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound


 










e)


Engineering services (CPC 8672)












1)


All Member States except CY, EL, IT, MT, PT: None
CY, EL, IT, MT, PT: Unbound.












1)


All Member States except AT, CY, EL, IT, MT, PT, SI: None
AT, SI: Unbound except for pure planning services. Pure planning services: None
CY, EL, IT, MT, PT: Unbound






 




 








2)


All Member States: None












2)


All Member States: None






 




 








3)


All Member States except ES, IT: None
ES: Access is restricted to natural persons.
IT: Access is restricted to natural persons. Professional association (no incorporation) among natural persons permitted.












3)


All Member States except EE: None
EE: None except that at least one responsible person (project manager or consultant) must be resident of Estonia






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, MT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: Commercial presence required
EL: Condition of nationality
HU: Permanent residency requirement




CY, MT: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: Unbound except as indicated in the market access column
IT, PT: Residency requirements




CY, MT: Unbound
FI, LV, PL: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States except BE, DK, ES, EE, NL, UK, SE: Unbound
BE, DK, ES, EE, NL, UK, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


BE, DK, NL, UK, SE: University degree and professional qualifications and three years’ professional experience in the sector.
ES: Academic and professional qualifications recognized by the national authorities and licence delivered by the Professional Association.
EE: Must be providing services as a professional (university degree and professional qualifications required) with at least five years experience in a related field.
UK: Compliance with ENT is required.







CSS

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None
CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound


 










f)


Integrated Engineering Services (CPC 8673)












1)


All Member States except CY, EL, IT, MT, PT, PL: None
CY, EL, IT, MT, PT, PL: Unbound.












1)


All Member States except AT, CY, EL, IT, MT, PT, PL, SI: None
AT, SI: Unbound except for pure planning services. Pure planning services: None
CY, EL, IT, MT, PT, PL: Unbound.






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, MT, PL: None
CY, MT, PL: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, MT, PL: None
CY, MT, PL: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, ES, IT, MT, PT, PL: None
CY, CZ, MT, PL: Unbound
ES: Access is restricted to natural persons.
IT, PT: Access is restricted to natural persons. Professional association (no incorporation) among natural persons permitted.












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, MT, PL: None
CY, CZ, MT, PL: Unbound
EE: None except that at least one responsible person (project manager or consultant) must be resident of Estonia






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: Commercial presence required
EL: Condition of nationality




CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, LV, MT, PL, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: Unbound except as indicated in the Market Access column.
IT, PT: Residency requirements




CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK: Unbound
FI, LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States except BE, DK, ES, EE, NL, UK, SE: Unbound
BE, DK, ES, EE, NL, UK, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


BE, DK, NL, UK, SE: University degree and professional qualifications and three years’ professional experience in the sector.
ES: Academic and professional qualifications recognized by the national authorities and licence delivered by the Professional Association.
EE: Must be providing services as a professional (university degree and professional qualifications required) with at least five years experience in a related field.







CSS

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None
CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound


 










g)


Urban Planning and Landscape Architectural Services (CPC 8674)












1)


All Member States except BE, CY, EL, HU, IT, MT, PT, PL SI: None
BE, CY, EL, IT, MT, PT, PL, SI: Unbound.
HU: Unbound for Landscape Architectural Services












1)


All Member States except AT, BE, CY, DE, EL, HU, IT, MT, PT, PL, SI: None
AT: Unbound except for pure planning services. Pure planning services: None
BE, CY, EL, IT, MT, PT, PL, SI: Unbound.
DE: Application of the national rules on fees and emoluments for all services which are performed from abroad.
HU: Unbound for Landscape Architectural Services






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, MT, PL, SI: None
CY, MT, PL, SI: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, MT, PL, SI: None
CY, MT, PL, SI: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except HU, IT, LV, PT: None
HU: Unbound for Landscape Architectural Services
IT, PT: Access is restricted to natural persons. Professional association (no incorporation) among natural persons permitted.
LV: None for Urban Planning Services. For Landscape Architectural Services, practice of 3 years in Latvia in the field of projecting and university degree required to receive the licence enabling to engage in business activity with full range of legal responsibility and rights to sign a project












3)


All Member States except EE, HU: None
EE: None except that at least one responsible person (project manager or consultant) must be resident of Estonia
HU: Unbound for Landscape Architectural Services






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, MT, PL, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: Commercial presence required
EL, PT: Condition of nationality.
HU: Permanent residency requirement for Urban Planning Services. HU: Unbound for Landscape Architectural Services




CY, MT, PL, SI: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, LV, MT, PL, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: Unbound except as indicated in the market access column
BE, DE: Use by third country qualified professionals of the professional title is only possible on the basis of mutual recognition agreements or, for BE, with special authorization by Royal Decree.
HU: Unbound for Landscape Architectural Services
IT: Residence requirement.




CY, MT, PL, SI: Unbound
FI, LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States except DK, ES, EE, LU, NL, UK, SE: Unbound
DK, ES, EE, LU, NL, UK, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


DK, NL, UK, SE: University degree and professional qualifications and three years’ professional experience in the sector.
ES: Academic and professional qualifications recognized by the national authorities and licence delivered by the Professional Association. Unbound for CPC 86713, 86714, 86719.
EE: Must be providing services as a professional (university degree and professional qualifications required) with at least five years experience in a related field.







CSS

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None
CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound


 










h)


Medical (32), Dental and Midwives Services (CPC 9312, part of CPC 93191)












1)


All Member States except CZ, HU, LV, LT, PL, SE, SI: Unbound
CZ, HU, LV, LT, SI: Unbound for Midwives Services
PL, SE: None












1)


All Member States except CZ, HU, LV, LT, PL, SE, SI: Unbound
CZ, HU, LV, LT, SI: Unbound for Midwives Services
PL, SE: None






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, MT, SI, SK: None
CY, FI, MT: Unbound.
CZ, EE, HU, SI, SK: Unbound for Midwives Services












2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, MT, SI, SK: None
CY, FI, MT: Unbound
CZ, EE, HU, SI, SK: Unbound for Midwives Services






 




 








3)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, DE, ES, EE, FR, FI, HU, IT, IE, LV, LT, MT, PT, PL, SE, SI, SK, UK: None
AT: Unbound for medical and dental services other than psychologists and psychotherapists; for midwives: access restricted to natural persons only.
CY, EE, FI, MT: Unbound
CZ, SK: Access to medical and dental services is restricted to natural persons only. Authorization by the Ministry of Health required for foreign natural persons. Unbound for Midwives Services.
DE: Access restricted to natural persons only. Economic needs test for medical doctors and dentists who are authorized to treat members of public insurance schemes. The criterion is shortage of doctors and dentists in the given region.
ES: Access restricted to natural persons only.
FR: Provision through SEL (anonyme, à responsabilité limitée ou en commandite par actions) or SCP only.
HU: Unbound for Midwives Services
IT, PT: Access is restricted to natural persons only. Professional association (no incorporation) among natural persons permitted.
IE: Access through partnership or natural persons only.
LV: None for midwives services. For medical and dental services, nationality requirement. Practice of medical profession by foreigners requires the permission from local health authority, based on economic needs for medical doctors and dentists in a given region












3)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, MT, SE, SI, SK: None
AT: Unbound for medical and dental services other than psychologists and psychotherapists
CY, FI, MT: Unbound
CZ, HU, SI, SK: Unbound for Midwives Services
EE: Unbound for Midwives Services. For Medical and Dental Services, unbound except any professionals trained outside Estonia are required to present a certificate of auxiliary training courses of Tartu University. This requirement also applies to Estonian nationals trained abroad
LT: Must communicate in Lithuanian language (refers to persons employed by a company)
SE: Foreign exams giving equivalent competence are recognized after a compulsory complementary training






 




 


LT: For medical and dental services None, except supply of service is subject to authorization which is based on a health services plan established in function of needs, taking into account the population and already existing medical and dental services. For midwives services, access limited to sole proprietorship only and economic needs test may be applied
PL: Nationality requirement. Practice of medical profession by foreigners requires the permission except for midwives.
SE: Needs test applied to decide the number of private practices to be subsidised though the social security system.
SI: Membership of Doctors Association required. Conditions for acceptance into Doctors Association for doctors who are not Slovenian nationals is licence to practice in an another Member and have a good command of the Slovenian language (33). Unbound for Midwives services
UK: Establishment for doctors under the National Health Service is subject to medical manpower planning.


 


 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, MT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: Unbound for medical and dental services other than psychologists and psychotherapists; for midwives where natural persons may establish a professional practice in Austria provided that the person concerned has practised the profession in question at least three years preceding the setting up of the professional practice in Austria
CZ, EE, HU, SI, SK: Unbound for Midwives Services
DE: Condition of nationality for doctors and dentists which can be waived on an exceptional basis in cases of public health interest. A zero quota for midwives.






4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, LV, MT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: Unbound for medical and dental services other than psychologists and psychotherapists.
CZ, SK: Condition of residence for medical and dental services. Unbound for midwives services
DK: Residence requirement in order to obtain necessary individual authorization from the National Board of Health.
EE, HU, SI: Unbound for Midwives Services
IT: Residence requirement.






 




 


DK: Limited authorization to fulfil a specific function can be given for maximum 18 months.
FR: Condition of nationality. However, access is possible within annually established quotas.
EL, PT: Condition of nationality.
LV: For medical and dental services, nationality requirement. Practice of medical profession by foreigners requires the permission from local health authority, based on economic needs for medical doctors and dentists in a given region. For midwives services, nationality requirement. Access restricted to natural persons only. Economic needs determined by the total number of midwives in the given region, authorized by local health authorities
PL: Nationality requirement. Practice of medical profession by foreigners requires the permission except for midwives.
CY, FI, MT: Unbound


LT: Foreigners must pass additional qualification exam
PL: Foreign medical doctors have limited election rights within the professional chambers
SE: Foreign exams giving equivalent competence are recognized after a compulsory complementary training
CY, FI, MT: Unbound
LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section. Unbound for Midwives services.
LV: None


 










i)


Veterinary services (CPC 932)












1)


All Member States except FI, LT, PL, SE: Unbound
FI, LT, PL, SE: None.












1)


All Member States except FI, LT, PL, SE: Unbound
FI, LT, PL, SE: None.






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, EE, HU, MT, SI: None
CY, EE, HU, MT, SI: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, EE, HU, MT, SI: None
CY, EE, HU, MT, SI: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, DE, DK, ES, EE, FR, HU, IE, IT, MT, PT, PL, SE, SI, SK, UK: None
AT, CY, EE, HU, MT, SI: Unbound.
CZ, SK: Access is restricted to natural persons only. Authorization by veterinary administration is required
DE, DK, ES, PT: Access restricted to natural persons.
FR: Provision through SEL (anonyme, à responsabilité limitée ou en commandite par actions) or SCP only.
IT: Access restricted to natural persons. Professional associations (no incorporation) among natural persons permitted.
IE, UK: Access through partnership or natural persons only.
PL: Nationality requirement. Foreign persons may apply for permission to practice
SE: Needs test applied to decide the number of private practices to be subsidized through the social security system.












3)


All Member States except AT, CY, EE, HU, MT, SE, SI: None
AT, CY, EE, HU, MT, SI: Unbound.
SE: Foreign exams giving equivalent competence are recognized after a compulsory complementary training and examinations






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CY, EE, HU, MT, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


CZ, DE, FR, EL, PT, SK: Condition of nationality.
PL: Nationality requirement. Foreign persons may apply for permission to practice




AT, CY, EE, HU, MT, SI: Unbound.


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CY, EE, FI, HU, LV, MT, PL, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


CZ, IT, SK: Residence requirement.
LT: Foreigners must pass additional qualification exam
SE: Foreign exams giving equivalent competence are recognized after a compulsory complementary training and examinations.




AT, CY, EE, HU, MT, SI: Unbound.
FI, LV, PL: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None


 










j)


Services provided by Nurses, Physiotherapists and Paramedical Personnel
(All Member States except AT, FI, LV, PL and SE: part of CPC 93191. AT: following activities of CPC 9319 are covered: nurses, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, logotherapists, dieticians and nutricians. FI, LV and PL: only services provided by nurses – part of CPC 93191; SE: Part of CPC 9319)












1)


All Member States except FI, PL, SE: Unbound
FI, PL, SE: None












1)


All Member States except FI, PL, SE: Unbound
FI, PL, SE: None






 










2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, SI, SK: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, SI, SK: Unbound






 










3)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, ES, EE, FR, HU, IT, LT, MT, PT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
AT: Access restricted to natural persons only.
CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, SI, SK: Unbound
ES, PT: Nurses - access restricted to natural persons.
FR: Provision through a SEL (anonyme, à responsabilité limitée, ou en commandite par actions) or SCP only.
IT: Nurses - access restricted to natural persons. Professional associations (no incorporation) among natural persons permitted.
LT: Access limited to sole proprietorship only. Economic needs test may be applied
PL: Nationality requirement
SE: Needs test applied to decide the number of private practices to be subsidised through the social security system.












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, MT, SE, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, SI, SK: Unbound
LT: None except as under market access
SE: Foreign exams giving equivalent competence are recognized after a compulsory complementary training






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: Natural persons may establish a professional practice in Austria provided that the person concerned has practised the profession in question at least three years preceding the setting up of the professional practice in Austria.
DK: Limited authorization to fulfil a specific function can be given for maximum 18 months.
EL, PT, PL: Condition of nationality.
IT: Subject to economic needs test: decision is subject to regional vacancies and shortages.
LV: Nationality requirement. Access restricted to natural persons only. Economic needs determined by the total number of nurses in the given region, authorized by local health authorities




CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, SI, SK: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: Unbound except as indicated in the Market Access column.
DK: Residence requirement in order to obtain necessary individual authorization from the National Board of Health.
LV: Nationality requirements. Access restricted to natural persons only. Economic needs determined by the total number of nurses in the given region, authorized by local health authorities.
SE: Foreign exams giving equivalent competence are recognized after a compulsory complementary training




CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, SI, SK: Unbound
FI, PL: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None


 




Supply of pharmaceutical goods to the general public (pharmacists)








1)


All Member States: Unbound












1)


All Member States: Unbound






 




 








2)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound












2)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound






 




 








3) (34)



AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound
BE, DK, ES, FR, EL, IT, LU, PT: Monopoly for pharmacists of supply of pharmaceuticals to the general public.
BE, DK, IE, PT: Economic needs test.
DE, DK, ES, EL, LU, NL, PT: Access restricted to natural persons only.
DE: Establishment of new pharmacies is restricted and only possible through the take-over of an existing pharmacy-store
ES, IT: Establishment of new pharmacies is subject to an economic needs test.
FR: Pharmacies are authorized according to the needs of the population and within established quotas. Access through a SEL (anonyme, à responsabilité limitée ou en commandite par actions) SNC and SARL only.
IT: Access restricted to natural persons. Professional association (no incorporation) among natural persons permitted.
UK: None












3)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


FR: Condition of nationality. However, within established quotas, access for third country nationals is possible provided the service provider holds the French degree in pharmacy.
DE, DK, EL: Condition of nationality.




AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


IT, DE, DK, PT: Residence requirement.




AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States: Unbound


 










k)


Other
Related Scientific and Technical Consulting Services (35) (CPC 8675)












1)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI, SE: Unbound for exploration services.
AT, CZ, EE FI, HU, LV, LT, SK, SE: None
CY, MT, PL, SI: Unbound












1)


All Member States except AT, CZ, CY, EE, FI, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI, SE: Unbound for exploration services.
DE: Application of the national rules on fees and emoluments for all surveying services which are performed from abroad.
AT, CZ, EE FI, HU, LV, LT, SK, SE: None
CY, MT, PL, SI: Unbound






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, MT, PL, SI: None
CY, MT, PL, SI: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, MT, PL, SI: None
CY, MT, PL, SI: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, ES, FR, IT, MT, PT, PL, SI: None:
ES: Access to profession of surveyors and geologists through natural persons only.
FR: "Surveying": Access through a SEL (anonyme, à responsabilité limitée ou en commandite par actions), SCP, SA and SARL only.
IT: For certain exploration services activities related to mining (minerals, oil, gas, etc.), exclusive rights may exist.
IT: Access to profession of surveyors and geologists through natural persons only. Professional association (no incorporation) among natural persons permitted.
PT: Access restricted to natural persons.
CY, MT, PL, SI: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, EE, FR, MT, PL, SI: None
EE: None except that at least one responsible person (project manager or consultant) must be resident of Estonia
FR: "Exploration and prospection services" subject to authorization.
CY, MT, PL, SI: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, MT, PL, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: Commercial presence required.
DE: Conditions of nationality for publicly appointed surveyors.
FR: "Surveying" - operations relating to the establishment of property rights and to land law are reserved for EC "experts-géomètres".




CY, MT, PL, SI: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, MT, LV, PL, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


IT, PT: Residence requirement.




CY, MT, PL, SI: Unbound
FI, LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States except EE: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following limitations:






 


EE: Must be providing services as a professional (university degree and professional qualifications required) with at least five years experience in a related field.







CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 












B.





Computer and Related Services

 (36)






 


 


 










a)


Consultancy Services related to the Installation of Computer Hardware (CPC 841)












1), 2), 3)


All Member States except MT: None
MT: Unbound












1), 2), 3)


All Member States except MT: None
MT: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except MT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
MT: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except, FI, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
FI, LV, PL: None
MT: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States except BE, DK, EL, IT, LU, NL, SE: Unbound
BE, DK, EL, IT, LU, NL, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:



CSS

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound
LV: None


 




 








 


IT, NL: Unbound, except for computer scientists, systems analysts, programmers, software document analysts and field engineers where: university degree and three years’ professional experience in the sector.
BE, DK, IT, NL,SE: Unbound, except for computer scientists, systems analysts, programmers, software document analysts and field engineers where: university degree and three years’ professional experience in the sector.
IT: Compliance with an economic needs test is required.
EL: Unbound, except for computer scientists, systems analysts, programmers, software document analysts where: university degree and five years’ professional experience in the sector.






 


 










b)


Software Implementation Services (CPC 842)












1), 2), 3)


All Member States except MT: None
MT: Unbound












1), 2), 3)


All Member States except MT: None
MT: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except MT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
MT: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except FI, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
FI, LV, PL: None
MT: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States except BE, DK, EL, IT, LU, NL, SE: Unbound
BE, DK, EL, IT, LU, NL, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


IT, NL: Unbound, except for computer scientists, systems analysts, programmers, software document analysts and field engineers where: university degree and three years’ professional experience in the sector.
BE, DK, IT, NL, SE: Unbound, except for computer scientists, systems analysts, programmers, software document analysts and field engineers where: university degree and three years’ professional experience in the sector.
IT: Compliance with an economic needs test is required.
EL: Unbound, except for computer scientists, systems analysts, programmers, software document analysts where: university degree and five years’ professional experience in the sector.







CSS

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound
LV: None


 










c)


Data Processing Services (CPC 843) (37)













1), 2), 3)


All Member States except LV, MT, SK: None
MT: Unbound
LV: For modes 1 and 2 and with regard to on-line information and/or data processing (including transaction processing): None except for: the provision of enhanced services must be based on facilities provided by Lattelekom until 1 January 2003.
SK: For mode 3 and with regard to on-line information and/or data processing (including transaction processing): licence is required












1), 2), 3)


All Member States except MT: None
MT: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except MT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
MT: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except FI, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
FI, LV, PL: None
MT: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States except BE, DK, EL, IT, LU, NL, SE: Unbound
BE, DK, EL, IT, LU, NL, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


IT, NL: Unbound, except for computer scientists, systems analysts, programmers, software document analysts and field engineers where: university degree and three years’ professional experience in the sector.










 


BE, DK, IT, NL, SE: Unbound, except for computer scientists, systems analysts, programmers, software document analysts and field engineers where: university degree and three years’ professional experience in the sector.










 


IT: Compliance with an economic needs test is required.










 


EL: Unbound, except for computer scientists, systems analysts, programmers, software document analysts where: university degree and five years’ professional experience in the sector.







CSS

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound
LV: None


 










d)


Data Base Services (CPC 844)












1), 2), 3)


All Member States except MT: None
MT: Unbound












1), 2), 3)


All Member States except MT: None
MT: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except MT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
MT: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except FI, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
FI, LV, PL: None
MT: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States except for BE, DK, EL, IT, LU, NL, SE: Unbound
BE, DK, EL, IT, LU, NL, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


IT, NL: Unbound, except for computer scientists, systems analysts, programmers, software document analysts and field engineers where: university degree and three years’ professional experience in the sector.










 


BE, DK, IT, NL, SE: Unbound, except for computer scientists, systems analysts, programmers, software document analysts and field engineers where: university degree and three years’ professional experience in the sector.










 


IT: Compliance with an economic needs test is required.










 


EL: Unbound, except for computer scientists, systems analysts, programmers, software document analysts where: university degree and five years’ professional experience in the sector.







CSS

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound
LV: None


 




Maintenance and Repair (CPC 845)








1), 2), 3)


All Member States except CY, MT, PL: None
CY, MT, PL: Unbound












1), 2), 3)


All Member States except CY, MT, PL: None
CY, MT, PL: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, HU, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.
CY, HU, MT, PL: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, HU, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, HU, MT, PL: Unbound
FI, LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States except SE: Unbound
SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following limitation: university degree and three years’ professional experience in the sector.



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV, SE: Unbound
EE, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 










e)


Other Computer Services (All Member States except AT: CPC 849AT: CPC 8491 only)












1), 2), 3)


All Member States except CY, MT, PL: None
CY, MT, PL: Unbound












1), 2), 3)


All Member States except CY, MT, PL: None
CY, MT, PL: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, HU, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.
CY, HU, MT, PL: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

Member States other than CY, FI, HU, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, HU, MT, PL: Unbound
FI, LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States except SE: Unbound
SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following limitation: university degree and three years’ professional experience in the sector.



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV, SE: Unbound
EE, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 












C.





Research and Development Services







 


 


 










a)


R&D services on natural sciences (All Member States except LV: CPC 851)
LV Research and experimental development services on chemistry and biology (CPC 85102)












1) 2) 3)


All Member States except AT, EE, HU, LV, SI: Unbound
AT, EE, HU, LV, SI: None.












1) 2) 3)


All Member States except AT, EE, HU, LV, SI: Unbound
AT, EE, HU, LV, SI: None.






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, EE, HU, LV: Unbound
AT, EE, HU, LV, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, EE, HU, LV, SI: Unbound
AT, EE, HU, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound except for FR where: concerning the temporary entry of researchers as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:
FR: The researchers are in possession of an employment contract from a research body.






—


The work permit is delivered for a period not exceeding nine months renewable for the duration of the contract.










—


Compliance with an economic needs test is required.










—


The research body must pay a tax to the International Migration Office.







CSS

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound
LV: None


 




 



Other

All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: Personalities of internationally recognised reputation who have been invited by scientific research institutes for the duration of the invitation.



Other

All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: Unbound except for measures concerning the category of natural persons referred to in the Market Access column.


 










b)


R & D Services on Social Sciences and Humanities (CPC 852)












1)


All Member States except MT, PL: None
MT, PL: Unbound












1)


All Member States except MT, PL: None
MT, PL: Unbound






 




 








2)


All Member States except MT, PL: None
MT, PL: Unbound












2)


All Member States except MT, PL: None
MT, PL: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except IT, MT, PT, PL: None
IT: Access to the profession of psychologist is restricted to natural persons only. Professional association (no incorporation) among natural persons is permitted.
PT: Access to the profession of psychologist is restricted to natural persons only.
MT, PL: Unbound












3)


All Member States except MT, PL: None
MT, PL: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
MT, PL: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except FI, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


IT, PT: Residence requirement for psychologists.




FI, LV: None
MT, PL: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound except for FR and LU where: concerning the temporary entry of researchers as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


FR: The researchers are in possession of an employment contract from a research body.






—


The work permit is delivered for a period not exceeding nine months renewable for the duration of the contract.










—


Compliance with an economic needs test is required.










—


The research body must pay a tax to the International Migration Office.











CSS

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound
LV: None


 




 



Other

All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: Personalities of internationally recognised reputation who have been invited by scientific research institutes for the duration of the invitation.



Other

All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: Unbound except for measures concerning the category of natural persons referred to in the Market Access column.


 










c)


Interdisciplinary R & D services (CPC 853)












1) 2) 3)


All Member States except AT, EE, HU, SI: Unbound
AT, EE, HU, SI: None.












1) 2) 3)


All Member States except AT, EE, HU, SI: Unbound
AT, EE, HU, SI: None.






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, EE, HU, SI: Unbound
AT, EE, HU, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, EE, HU, SI: Unbound
AT, EE, HU, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound except for FR where: concerning the temporary entry of researchers: as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


FR: The researchers are in possession of an employment contract from a research body.






—


The work permit is delivered for a period not exceeding nine months renewable for the duration of the contract.










—


Compliance with an economic needs test is required.










—


The research body must pay a tax to the International Migration Office.











CSS

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, CZ, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound


 




 



Other

All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: Personalities of internationally recognised reputation who have been invited by scientific research institutes for the duration of the invitation.



Other

All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: Unbound except for measures concerning the category of natural persons referred to in the Market Access column.


 












D.





Real Estate Services

 (38)






 


 


 










a)


Involving Own or Leased Property (All Member States except SE: CPC 821. SE: CPC 82101, 82102)












1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, IE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
CY, CZ, EE, HU, IE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound.












1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, IE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
CY, CZ, EE, HU, IE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound.






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, ES, EE, FI, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
ES: Access through natural persons, partnership or "sociedad en comandita" only.
FI: Chairman, members of the board and Managing Director have to be Finnish citizen.
CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


ES, EL: Condition of nationality.










 


AT: commercial presence required




CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitation:






 


FR, IT, PT: Residence requirement.




FI: None
CY, CZ, EE, HU,LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States: Unbound


 










b)


On a Fee or Contract Basis (e.g. Property Evaluation, Estate Management, etc.)
(All Member States except SE: CPC 822. SE: CPC 82201, 82202)












1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, IE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
IE, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound.












1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, IE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
IE, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound.






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV. LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, IE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
IE, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound.






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, ES, EE, FI, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
ES: Access is restricted to natural persons.
FI: Chairman, Members of the Board and Managing Director have to be Finnish citizens.
CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, DK, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
DK: Authorisation for authorised estate agent may limit the scope of activity.
CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: Commercial presence required
DK: Authorised estate agent: Citizenship requirement unless waived by the Danish Commerce and Companies Agency. Unauthorised estate agent: Citizenship requirement unless waived by the Danish Commerce and Companies Agency.
EL: Condition of nationality.




CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitation:






 


DK: Authorised and unauthorised estate agent: Residence requirement unless waived by the Danish Commerce and Companies Agency.










 


FR, IT, PT: Residence requirement.




FI: None
CY, CZ:, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States: Unbound


 












E.





Rental/Leasing Services without Operators

 (39)






 


 


 










a)


Relating to ships (CPC 83103)












1)


All Member States except CY, DE, FR, HU, MT, PL: None
FR: Chartering of all ships is subject to prior notification.
CY, DE, HU, MT, PL: Unbound.












1)


All Member States except CY, DE, MT, PL: None
CY, DE, MT, PL: Unbound.






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, DE, FR, MT, PL: None
FR: Chartering of all ships is subject to prior notification.
CY, DE, MT, PL: Unbound.












2)


All Member States except CY, DE, MT, PL: None
CY, DE, MT, PL: Unbound.






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, FR, MT, LT, PL, SE, SK: None
FR: Chartering of all ships is subject to prior notification.
LT: Ships must be owned by Lithuanian natural persons or companies established in Lithuania.
SE: To fly the Swedish flag proof of dominating Swedish operating influence must be shown in case of foreign ownership interests in ships.
CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section:
CY, MT, PL: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, MT, PL: Unbound
FI, LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 










b)


Relating to Aircraft (CPC 83104)












1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LV, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, HU, LV, MT, PL, SK: Unbound












1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, LV, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, LV, MT, PL, SK: Unbound






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, LV, MT, PL, SK: Aircraft used by Community air carriers have to be registered in the Member State licensing the air carrier or elsewhere in the Community. Waivers can be granted for short term lease contracts or under exceptional circumstances.
CY, CZ, LV, MT, PL, SK: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, LV, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, LV, MT, PL, SK: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, LV, MT, PL, SK: To be registered in the aircraft register of these Member States, the aircraft must be owned either by natural persons meeting specific nationality criteria or by juridical persons meeting specific requirements regarding ownership of capital and control (including nationality of directors).
CY, CZ, LV, MT, PL, SK: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, LV, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, LV, MT, PL, SK: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, LV, MT, PL Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.
CY, CZ, LV, MT, PL, SK: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, LV, MT, PL, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
FI: None
CY, CZ, LV, MT, PL, SK: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


 










c)


Relating to Other Transport Equipment (All Member States except CZ, SK, SI: CPC 83101, 83102, 83105
CZ, SK: CPC 83101, 83102;
SI: CPC 83102, 83105)












1)


All Member States except CY, HU, LV, MT, PL, SI: None
CY, HU, LV, MT, PL, SI: Unbound












1)


All Member States except CY, LV, MT, PL: None
CY, LV, MT, PL: Unbound






 










2)


All Member States except CY, LV, MT, PL: None
CY, LV, MT, PL: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, LV, MT, PL: None
CY, LV, MT, PL: Unbound






 










3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, LV, MT, PL: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
FI: None
CY, LV, MT, PL: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


 










d)


Relating to Other Machinery and Equipment(CPC 83106, 83107, 83108, 83109)












1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK: Unbound












1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK: Unbound






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, LV, MT, PL, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
FI, LV: None
CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound.



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 










e)


Other (CPC 832)
EE, LV, LT: Including pre-recorded video-cassettes for use in home entertainment equipment (CPC 83202)












1)


All Member States except EE, LV, LT: Unbound
EE, LT, LV: None












1)


All Member States except EE, HU, LV, LT: Unbound
EE, HU, LV, LT: None






 










2)


All Member States except EE, HU, LV, LT: Unbound
EE, HU, LV, LT: None












2)


All Member States except EE, HU, LV, LT: Unbound
EE, HU, LV, LT: None






 




 








3)


All Member States except EE, HU, LV, LT: Unbound
EE, HU, LV, LT: None












3)


All Member States except EE, HU, LV, LT: Unbound
EE, HU, LV, LT: None






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except for EE, HU, LV, LT: Unbound
EE, HU, LV, LT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except for EE, HU, LV, LT: Unbound
EE, HU: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV, LT: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 




Rental Services with Operators
Rental of Vessels with Crew
(All Member States except FI, LT: CPC 7213 and 7223. FI: only CPC 7213,
LT: only CPC 7223)








1)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, DE, EE, FR, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
FR: Chartering of all ships is subject to prior notification.
AT, CY, CZ, DE, EE, HU, LT, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound.
LV: Unbound for CPC 7223












1)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, DE, EE, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
AT, CY, CZ, DE, EE, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound.
LV: Unbound for CPC 7223






 










2)


All Member States except AT, CY, DE, EE, FR, HU, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
FR: Chartering of all ships is subject to prior notification.
AT, CY, DE, EE, HU, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound.












2)


All Member States except AT, CY, DE, EE, HU, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
AT, CY, DE, EE, HU, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound.






 




 








3)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FR, HU, LT, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
FR: Chartering of all ships is subject to prior notification.
AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound.












3)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, MT, PL, SE, SK, SI: Unbound.






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CY, EE, HU, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
AT, CY, EE, HU, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound.


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CY, EE, FI, HU, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
AT, CY, EE, HU, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound.
FI, LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None


 




Rental of Commercial Road Vehicles with Operator (CPC 7124)








1)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI, SE: None
AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI, SE: Unbound












1)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI SE: None
AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI, SE: Unbound






 




 








2)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI, SE: None
AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI, SE: Unbound












2)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI, SE: None
AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI, SE: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI, SE: None
AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT,PL, SK, SI, SE: Unbound












3)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT,PL, SK, SI, SE: None
AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT,PL, SK, SI, SE: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI, SE: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI, SE: Unbound.
FI: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States: Unbound


 












F.





Other Business Services







 


 


 










a)


Advertising
(All Member States except PL, SI: CPC 871;
PL: CPC 871 excluding advertising of tobacco products, alcoholic beverages, pharmaceuticals;
SI: part of CPC 8711 and part of CPC 8712, excluding direct mail advertising, outdoor advertising and excluding for goods subject to import authorisation and excluding pharmaceutical products, alcohol, tobacco, toxic explosives, weapons and ammunition)












1)


All Member States: None












1)


All Member States: None






 










2)


All Member States except CY, MT: None
CY, MT: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, MT: None
CY, MT: Unbound






 










3)


All Member States except CY, MT: None
CY, MT: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, MT: None
CY, MT: Unbound






 




4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, MT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, MT: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
FI, LV, PL: None
CY, MT: Unbound


 





CSS

All Member States except BE, DE, EL, IT, LU, SE, UK: Unbound
BE, DE, EL, IT, LU, UK, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:
BE, DE, IT, SE, UK: Relevant qualifications and three years’ professional experience.
IT, UK: Compliance with an economic needs test is required.
EL: Relevant qualifications and five years’ professional experience.



CSS

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound
LV: None


 










b)


Market Research and Opinion Polling (CPC 864)












1)2)3)


All Member States except CY, MT, PL: None
CY, MT, PL: Unbound












1)2)3)


All Member States except CY, MT, PL: None
CY, MT, PL: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, MT, PL: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
FI, LV: None
CY, MT, PL: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 










c)


Management Consulting Services(CPC 865)












1)


All Member States except CY, MT: None
CY, MT: Unbound












1)


All Member States except CY, MT: None
CY, MT: Unbound






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, MT: None
CY, MT: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, MT: None
CY, MT: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, MT: None
CY, MT: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, MT: None
CY, MT: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, MT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, MT: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, LV,MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
FI, LV, PL: None
CY, MT: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States except BE, DE, DK, EE, IT, LU, LV, SE, UK: Unbound
BE, DE, DK, EE, IT, LU, LV, SE, UK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


BE, DE, DK, IT, SE, UK: Unbound except for managers and senior consultants where: university degree and three years’ professional experience.










 


EE, LV: Must be providing services as a professional (university degree) with at least five years experience in a related field.










 


IT, UK: Compliance with an economic needs test is required.







CSS

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound
LV: None


 










d)


Services Related to Management Consulting (CPC 866)












1)2)3)


All Member States except CY, HU, MT, PL: None
CY, HU, MT, PL: Unbound












1)2)3)


All Member States except CY, HU, MT, PL: None
CY, HU, MT, PL: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, HU, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, HU, MT, PL: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, HU, FI, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, HU, MT, PL: Unbound
FI, LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States except BE, DE, DK, IT, LU, UK, SE, EE, LV: Unbound
BE, DE, DK, IT, LU, UK, SE, EE, LV: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


BE, DE, DK, IT, SE, UK: Unbound except for managers and senior consultants where: university degree and three years’ professional experience.










 


EE, LV: Must be providing services as a professional (university degree) with at least five years experience in a related field.










 


IT, UK: Compliance with an economic needs test is required.







CSS

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound
LV: None


 










e)


Technical Testing and Analysis Services (40) (CPC 8676)












1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, IT, MT, PL,SK, SE: None
IT: Unbound for the profession of biologist and chemical analyst.
CY, CZ, MT, PL,SK, SE: Unbound












1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, IT, MT, PL, SK, SE: None
IT: Unbound for the profession of biologist and chemical analyst.
CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK, SE: Unbound






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK, SE: None
CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK, SE: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK, SE: None
CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK, SE: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, ES, IT, MT, PT, PL, SE, SK: None
ES: Access for chemical analysis through natural persons only.












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, MT, PL, SE, SK: None
CY, CZ, MT, PL, SE, SK: Unbound






 




 


IT: Access for the profession of biologist and chemical analyst through natural persons only. Professional association (no incorporation) among natural persons is permitted.
PT: Access for the profession of biologist and chemical analyst through natural persons only.
CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK, SE: Unbound


 


 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except for CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: commercial presence required




CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK, SE: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except for CY, CZ, FI, LV, MT, PL, SK, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


IT, PT: Residence requirements for biologist and chemical analyst.




CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK, SE: Unbound
FI, LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound except for DE, DK, EE, LU, SE, UK where: as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


DE, DK, SE, UK: University degree or technical qualifications demonstrating knowledge and three years’ professional experience.










 


EE: Must be providing services as a professional (university degree and professional qualifications required) with at least five years experience in a related field.










 


UK: Compliance with an economic needs test is required.







CSS

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound
LV: None


 










f)


Advisory and Consulting Services Relating to Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry (41)

(FI: part of CPC 88 excluding hunting. SE: part of CPC 881 excluding hunting)












1)


All Member States except CY, EE, IT, MT, SI: None
IT: Unbound for activities reserved to agronomist and "periti agrari".
CY, EE, MT, SI: Unbound












1)


All Member States except CY, IT, EE, MT, SI: None
IT: Unbound for activities reserved to agronomist and "periti agrari".
CY, EE, MT, SI: Unbound






 










2)


All Member States except CY, EE, MT, SI: None
CY, EE, MT, SI: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, EE, MT, SI: None
CY, EE, MT, SI: Unbound






 




HU: part of CPC 881
LV, PL: services incidental to agriculture, hunting and forestry (CPC 881)
LT: consulting services incidental to agriculture, hunting and forestry (Part of CPC 88)








3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, ES, EE, IT, LT, MT, PT, SK, SI: None
ES: Access for agronomist and engineers in forestry is restricted to natural persons.
IT: Access for agronomist and "periti agrari" restricted to natural persons. Professional association (no incorporation) among natural persons is permitted.
PT: Access for agronomist is restricted to natural persons.
CY, CZ, EE, LT, MT, SK, SI: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, LT, MT, SK, SI: None
CY, CZ, EE, LT, MT, SK, SI: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, EE, MT, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


IT: Condition of nationality for "periti agrari".










 


AT: commercial presence required




CY, EE, MT, SI: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, EE, FI, MT, LV, PL, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


IT, PT: Residence requirement for agronomists.




FI, LV, PL: None
CY, EE, MT, SI: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None


 










g)


Advisory and Consulting Services Relating to Fishing
(FI: part of CPC 88. SE, HU: part of CPC 882)












1)2)3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound












1)2)3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: commercial presence required




CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, FI, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
FI: None
CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States: Unbound


 










h)


Services Incidental to Mining
(All Member States except LV and PL: Only advisory and consulting services relating to mining, and subject to the following limitations:






 


FI: part of CPC 88;
SE: part of CPC 883)
















1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, LT, MT, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, EE, LT, MT, SI, SK: Unbound












1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, LT, MT, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, EE, LT, MT, SI, SK: Unbound






 










2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, LT, MT, SK, SI: None
CY, CZ, EE, LT, MT, SI, SK: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, LT, MT, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, EE, LT, MT, SI, SK: Unbound






 










3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, ES, EE, LT, MT, PT, SI, SK: None
ES, PT: Access for mining engineers is restricted to natural persons
CY, CZ, EE, LT, MT, SI, SK: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, LT, MT, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, EE, LT, MT, SI, SK: Unbound






 




LV: CPC 883 PL: Services incidental to mining and oil-field - CPC 883 excluding exploitation of natural resources


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, LT, MT, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitation:






 


AT: commercial presence required




CY, CZ, EE, LT, MT, SI, SK: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, FI, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitation:






 


PT: Residence requirement.




CY, CZ, EE, LT, MT, SI, SK: Unbound
FI, LV, PL: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None


 










i)


Services incidental to manufacturing
EE: consulting services relating to manufacturing (part of CPC 884+part of 885 except for 88442)
HU: consulting services relating to manufacturing (part of CPC 884 + part of CPC 885)












1)


All Member States except EE, HU: Unbound
EE, HU: None












1)


All Member States except EE, HU: Unbound
EE, HU: None






 










2)


All Member States except EE, HU: Unbound
EE, HU: None












2)


All Member States except EE, HU: Unbound
EE, HU,: None






 










3)


All Member States except EE, HU: Unbound
EE, HU: None












3)


All Member States except EE, HU: Unbound
EE, HU: None






 




4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except EE, HU: Unbound
EE, HU: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except EE, HU: Unbound
EE, HU: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


 










j)


Services incidental to energy distribution (LV: CPC 887.
HU: only consultancy services, ex CPC 887.
LT: Covers consultancy services related to the transmission and distribution on a fee basis of electricity, gaseous fuels, steam and hot water to household, industrial, commercial and other users-CPC 887 (42)













1)2)3)


All Member States except HU, LV, LT, SI: Unbound
HU, LV, LT, SI: None












1)2)3)


All Member States except HU, LV, LT, SI: Unbound
HU, LV, LT, SI: None






 




4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except HU, LV, LT, SI: Unbound
HU, LT, LV, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except HU, LV, LT, SI: Unbound
HU, LT and SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 




SI: Services Incidental to Energy Distribution - for gas only (43) – part of CPC 887)



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None


 










k)


Placement and Supply Services of Personnel (44) Executive Search Services
(CPC 87201)












1)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, DE, ES, EE, FI,IE, LT, LV, MT, PT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
AT, CY, CZ, DE, ES, EE, FI,IE, LT, LV, MT, PT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound.












1)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, DE, ES, EE, FI,IE, LT, LV, MT, PT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
AT, CY, CZ, DE, ES, EE, FI,IE, LT, LV, MT, PT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound.






 










2)


All Member States except AT,CY,CZ, EE, FI, LT, LV, MT, PL, SI, SK: None
AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, LT, LV, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound












2)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, LT, LV, MT, PL, SI, SK: None
AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, LT, LV, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, DE, ES, EE, FI, LT, LV, MT, PT, PL, SI, SK: None
AT, CY, CZ, DE, EE, FI, LT, LV, MT, PT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound.
ES: State monopoly.












3)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, DE, EE, FI, LT, LV, MT, PT, PL, SI, SK: None
AT, CY, CZ, DE, EE, FI, LT, LV, MT, PT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound.






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, LT, LV, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section:
AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, LT, LV, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound.


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, LT, LV, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section:
AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, LT, LV, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound.


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States: Unbound


 




Placement Services (CPC 87202)








1)


All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: None












1)


All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: None






 




 








2)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: None
AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound












2)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: None
AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except AT, BE, CY, CZ, DE, FR, ES, EE, FI, IT, LV, LT, MT, PL, PT, SI, SK: None
DE: Subject to a mandate given to the service supplier by the competent authority. The mandate will be granted in function of the situation and development of the labour market.
BE, FR, ES, IT: State monopoly.
AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, LV, LT, MT, PL, PT, SI, SK: Unbound












3)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, LV, LT, MT, PL, PT, SI, SK: None
AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, LV, LT, MT, PL, PT, SI, SK: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, FI, CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States: Unbound


 




Supply Services of Office Support Personnel (CPC 87203)








1)


All Member States except AT, DE, FR, FI, IT, IE, NL, PT, SE, CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
AT, DE, FR, FI, IT, IE, NL, PT, SE, CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound.












1)


All Member States except AT, DE, FR, FI, IT, IE, NL, PT, SE, CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
AT, DE, FR, FI, IT, IE, NL, PT, SE, CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound.






 




 








2)


All Member States except AT, FI, CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
AT, FI, CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI Unbound












2)


All Member States except AT, FI, CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
AT, FI, CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except AT, DE, FI, IT, PT, CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
IT: State monopoly
AT, DE, FI, PT, CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound












3)


All Member States except AT, DE, FI, PT, CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
AT, DE, FI, PT, CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States: Unbound


 




Supply services of domestic help personnel, other commercial or industrial workers, nursing and other personnel (CPCs 87204, 87205, 87206, 87209)








1)


All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: None












1)


All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: None






 










2)


All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: None












2)


All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: None






 










3)


All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: None












3)


All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: None






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States: Unbound


 










l)


Investigation services (CPC 87301)












1)2)3)


All Member States except AT and SE: Unbound
AT and SE: None.












1)2)3)


All Member States except AT and SE: Unbound
AT and SE: None






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT and SE: Unbound
AT and SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following limitation:






 


AT: commercial presence required






4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT and SE: Unbound
AT and SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States: Unbound


 










l)


Security Services
(All Member States except AT, FI and SE: CPC 87302, 87303, 87304, 87305. AT and SE: entire range of activities 87302-87309. FI, HU: parts of CPC 873)












1)


All Member States except for BE, CY, CZ, ES, EE, FR, FI, IT, LV, LT, MT, PT, PL, SI, SK: None
FI: Establishment requirement
BE, CY, CZ, ES, EE, FR, IT, LV, LT, MT, PT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound.












1)


All Member States except for BE, CY, CZ, ES, EE, FR, IT, LV, LT, MT, PT, PL, SI, SK: None
BE, CY, CZ, ES, EE, FR, IT, LV, LT, MT, PT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound.






 










2)


All Member States except for CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound












2)


All Member States except for CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except for CY, CZ, DK, ES, EE, FI, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: None
DK: Unbound for airport guard services. Requirement to be a national juridical person. Access is subject to prior authorization. In granting the authorization, the Ministry of Justice takes into account conditions such as competence, professional integrity and independence, experience and good reputation of the firm seeking establishment.












3)


All Member States except for CY, CZ, DK, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: None
DK: Requirement of residence and nationality for majority of members of the board and for managers. Unbound for airport guard services.
CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound.






 




 


ES: Access through Sociedades Anonimas, Sociedades de Responsabilidad Limitada, Sociedades Anonimas Laborales and Sociedades Cooperativas only. Access is subject to prior authorization. In granting the authorization, the Council of Ministers takes into account conditions such as competence, professional integrity and independence, adequacy of the protection provided for the security of the population and the public order.
FI: Licence of the County Government is required for a commercial presence. Licence may be granted only to Finnish citizens and Finnish registered organisations
CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound.


 


 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: Commercial presence required










 


DK: Unbound for airport guard services. Nationality requirement for managers.










 


FR: Requirement of nationality for managing directors and directors.










 


BE: Condition of nationality for management personnel.










 


ES, PT: Nationality requirement for specialized personnel.










 


IT: Nationality requirement in order to obtain necessary authorization for security guard services and the transport of valuables.




CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, FI, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


DK: Unbound for airport guard services. Residence requirement for managers.










 


BE: Residence requirement for management personnel.










 


IT: Residence requirement in order to obtain necessary authorization for security guard services and the transport of valuables.




CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound
FI: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States: Unbound


 










n)


Maintenance and Repair of Equipment (not including Maritime Vessels, Aircraft or Other Transport Equipment)
(All Member States except AT, CZ, EE, FI, LV, LT, SK, SI, SE: CPC 633, 8861, 8866.
SE: 633+886.
AT: 633+8861-8866 excluding also firearms and ammunition;












1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK: Unbound












1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, MT, PL, SK: Unbound






 










2)3)


All Member States except CY, MT, PL: None
CY, MT, PL: Unbound












2)3)


All Member States except CY, MT, PL: None
CY, MT, PL: Unbound






 




4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, MT, PL: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
FI, LV: None
CY, MT, PL: Unbound


 




EE, FI, LV, LT: 633, 8861-8866;
CZ, SK: 633, 8861-8865;
SI: CPC 633+8861+8866, not incl. Maritime vessels, aircraft or other transport equipment)



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 










o)


Building-Cleaning Services (CPC 874)












1)


All Member States except HU, LT: Unbound
HU, LT: None












1)


All Member States except HU, LT: Unbound
HU, LT: None






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
CY, CZ, EE, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, MT, PL, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, EE, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, EE, MT, PL, SI: None
CY, EE, MT, PL, SI: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, EE, MT, PL, SI: None
CY, EE, MT, PL, SI: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, EE, MT, PL, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, EE, MT, PL, SI: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, EE, FI, LV, MT, PL, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
FI, LV: None
CY, EE, MT, PL, SI: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None


 










p)


Photographic Services (CPC 875. All Member States except AT, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LV, PL, SE: excluding retail)
EE: except aerial photography of the territory of the Republic of Estonia
LV: excluding CPC 87504
PL: CPC 875 excluding aerial photography












1)


All Member States except AT, CY, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SE, SI: Unbound except for aerial photography: None
AT, EE, HU, LV, LT, PL, SE, SI: None
CY, MT: Unbound












1)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound except for aerial photography: None
AT, CZ, HU, LV, LT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
CY, EE, MT: Unbound






 










2)


All Member States except CY, MT, SK: None
CY, MT, SK: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, MT: None
CY, MT: Unbound






 










3)


All Member States except CY, EE, MT: None
CY, EE, MT: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, EE, MT: None
CY, EE, MT: Unbound






 




4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, MT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.
CY, MT: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
FI, LV, PL: None
CY, MT: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 










q)


Packaging Services (CPC 876)












1)


All Member States except AT, HU, LT: Unbound
AT, HU, LT: None












1)


All Member States except AT, HU, LT: Unbound
AT, HU, LT: None






 




 








2)3)


All Member States except CY, EE, FI, MT, PL, SI, SE: None
CY, EE, FI, MT, PL, SI, SE: Unbound












2)3)


All Member States except CY, EE, FI, MT, PL, SI, SE: None
CY, EE, FI, MT, PL, SI, SE: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, EE, FI, MT, PL, SI, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, EE, FI, MT, PL, SI, SE: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, EE, FI, LV, MT, PL, SI, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.
CY, EE, FI, MT, PL, SI, SE: Unbound
LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None


 










r)


Printing and Publishing
(CPC 88442)












1)2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, MT, SK, SI: None
CY, CZ, MT, SK, SI: Unbound












1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, MT, SE, SI, SK: None
SE: Residency requirements for publisher and owner of publishing or printing company
CY, CZ, MT, SK, SI: Unbound






 




 


 








2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, MT, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, MT, SI, SK: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, IT, MT, LT, LV, PL, SI, SK: None
IT: Foreign participation in publishing companies limited to 49 per cent of capital or of voting rights.
LT: Establishment rights in publishing sector granted only to Lithuanian incorporated legal persons.
LV: Establishment rights in publishing sector granted only to Latvian incorporated legal persons
PL: Nationality requirement for the editor-in-chief of newspapers and journals
CY, CZ, MT, SI, SK: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, MT, SE, SI, SK: None
FI: Residency requirements for a person in charge of publishing
SE: Residency requirements for publisher and owner of publishing or printing company.
CY, CZ, MT, SI, SK: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, MT, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitation:






 


PL: Nationality requirements for the editor-in-chief of newspapers and journals.




CY, CZ, MT, SK, SI: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, LV, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitation:






 


SE: Residency requirement for publisher and owner of publishing or printing company.




CY, CZ, MT, SK, SI: Unbound
FI: Residency requirements for a person in charge of printing
LV, PL: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 










s)


Convention Services
(FI: Public relation services and exhibition management services only. AT: exhibition management services only)












1)2)3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound












1)2)3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound






 




4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, HU, LV, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
FI, LV: None
CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 










t)


Other
Translation Services (AT, FI and SE: Translation and interpretation services) (CPC 87905)
PL: Translation services excluding services of sworn interpreters (part of CPC 87905)












1)2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, SK, SI: None
CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, SK, SI: Unbound












1)2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, SK, SI: None
CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, SK, SI: Unbound






 










3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, SK, SI: None
CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, SK, SI: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, DK, EE, HU, MT, SK, SI: None
DK: Authorisation for authorised public translators and interpreters may limit the scope of activity.
CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, SK, SI: Unbound






 




4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


DK: Authorised public translators and interpreters: Citizenship condition unless waived by the Danish Commerce and Companies Agency.




CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, SK, SI: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LV, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitation:






 


DK: Authorised public translators and interpreters: residence requirement unless waived by the Danish Commerce and Companies Agency.




CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, SK, SI: Unbound
FI: Residency requirement for certified translators
LV, PL: None


 





CSS

All Member States except EL, IT, IE, UK, SE: Unbound
EL, IT, IE, SE, UK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


EL: Relevant qualifications an five years’ professional experience.










 


IT, IE, SE, UK: Relevant qualifications and three years’ professional experience.










 


IT, UK: Compliance with an economic needs test is required.







CSS

All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound
LV: None


 




Interior Design Services (part of CPC 87907)
LV: Speciality design services (CPC 87907)








1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound












1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, DE, EE, FI, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: None
DE: Application of the national rules on fees and emoluments for all services which are performed from abroad.
CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following limitation:






 


AT: commercial presence required




CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following limitations:






 


AT: commercial presence required




CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound
LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None


 




Collection agency services (CPC 87902)








1)2)3)


All Member States except for AT, LV: Unbound
AT, LV: None












1)2)3)


All Member States except for AT, LV: Unbound
AT, LV: None






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, LV: Unbound
AT, LV: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following limitations:
AT: commercial presence required


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, LV: Unbound
AT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None


 




Credit reporting services (CPC 87901)








1)2)3)


All Member States except for LV: Unbound
LV: None












1)2)3)


All Member States except for LV: Unbound
LV: None






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None


 




Duplicating services (CPC 87904)








1)2)3)


All Member States except for LV: Unbound
LV: None












1)2)3)


All Member States except for LV: Unbound
LV: None






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None


 




Other business services n.e.c. (CPC 87909)








1)2)3)


Unbound for all Member States except for LV: None












1)2)3)


Unbound for all Member States except for LV: None






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except for LV: Unbound
LV: None


 










2.


COMMUNICATION SERVICES






 


 


 










B.



Courier Services

(CPC 7512)












1)


All Member States except AT, EE, LT, LV, PL: Unbound
AT: Unbound except special delivery services where: None
EE, LT: None
LV: Unbound except land-based courier services where: None
PL: None except written correspondence e.g. letters where: Unbound












1)


All Member States except AT, EE, LT, LV, PL: Unbound
AT: Unbound except special delivery services where: None
EE, LT: None
LV: Unbound except land-based courier services where: None
PL: None except written correspondence e.g. letters where: Unbound






 




 








2)


All Member States except AT, CZ, EE, LT, LV, PL, SI, SK: Unbound
AT, SI: Unbound except special delivery services where: None
CZ, EE, LT, SK: None
LV: Unbound except land-based courier services where: None
PL: None except written correspondence e.g. letters where: Unbound












2)


All Member States except AT, CZ, EE, LT, LV, PL, SI, SK: Unbound
AT, SI: Unbound except special delivery services where: None
CZ, EE, LT, SK: None
LV: Unbound except land-based courier services where: None
PL: None except written correspondence e.g. letters where: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except AT, CZ, EE, LT, LV, PL, SI, SK: Unbound
AT, SI: Unbound except special delivery services where: None
CZ, EE, LT, SK: None
LV: Unbound except land-based courier services where: None
PL: None except written correspondence e.g. letters where: Unbound












3)


All Member States except AT, CZ, EE, LT, LV, PL, SI, SK: Unbound
AT, SI: Unbound except special delivery services where: None
CZ, EE, LT, SK: None
LV: Unbound except land-based courier services where: None
PL: None except written correspondence e.g. letters where: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CZ, EE, LT, LV, PL, SI, SK: Unbound
AT, SI: Unbound except special delivery services where: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CZ, EE, LT, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: Unbound except land-based courier services where: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section except written correspondence e.g. letters where: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CZ, EE, LT, LV, PL, SI, SK: Unbound
AT, SI: Unbound except special delivery services where: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CZ, EE, LT, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: Unbound except land-based courier services where: None
PL: None except written correspondence e.g. letters where: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound, except as provided in the horizontal section
LV: Unbound except land-based courier services where: None


 












2.C





Telecommunications services

 (45)
All services consisting of the transmission and reception of signals by any electromagnetic means (46), excluding broadcasting (47).
These services do not cover the economic activity consisting of the provision of content which require telecommunications services for their transport.












1)


All Member States except CY, MT: None
CY, MT: Unbound












1)


All Member States except CY, MT: None
CY, MT: Unbound






The EC undertakes the obligations contained in the reference paper attached hereto for the following services:










2)


All Member States: None












2)


All Member States: None












a)


Voice telephone services (CPC7521)










b)


Packet-switched data transmission services (part of CPC 7523)














3)


All Member States except FI, FR, PL, SI: None
FI: Permanent residence requirement for half of the founders, half of the members of the board of directors and the managing director. If the founder is a juridical person, residence requirement for that juridical person.
FR: Non-EC natural or juridical persons may not hold directly more than 20 % of the shares or voting rights of companies authorised to establish and operate radio-based infrastructure for the provision of telecommunications services to the general public. For the application of this provision, companies or firms legally established according to the laws of a Member State of the EC are considered EC juridical persons.












3)


All Member States: None.












c)


Circuit-switched data transmission service (part of CPC 7523)










d)


Telex services (part of CPC 7523)










e)


Telegraph services (CPC 7522)










f)


Facsimile services (part of CPC7521 + part of CPC 7529)








 


PL: For domestic and international telecom services provided using cable television and radio networks and for public cellular mobile telephone services and networks: The limitation of foreign capital and voting rights is 49 %
SI: Foreign participation may not exceed 99 per cent of the equity.


 








g)


Private leased circuit services (part of CPC 7522 + part of CPC 7523)










o)


Mobile and personal communications services and systems








 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States: Unbound


 










3.


CONSTRUCTION AND RELATED ENGINEERING SERVICES




For all Member States except CY, CZ, FI, LV, MT, SK, SI and SE: CPC 511, 512, 513, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518.
CZ, SK, SE: CPC 511, 512, 513, 514, 516 and 517.
FI: CPC 512, 513, 514, 516;
LV: CPC 512, 513, 514, 515, 516, 517, 518.
SI: CPC: 511, 512, 513, 514, 515, 516, 517








1)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound except for 5111 and 5114: None
AT: Unbound except for CPC 518: None
CY, CZ, HU, MT, LT, LV, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound
EE, FI: None












1)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound except for CPC 5111 and 5114: None
AT: Unbound except for CPC 518: None
CY, CZ, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SE, SK: Unbound
EE, FI: None
SI: Unbound except for CPC 511, 515: None






 










2)


All Member States except CY, HU, MT: None
CY, HU, MT: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, HU, MT: None
CY, HU, MT: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EL, HU, IT, MT, PT, SK: None
CY, CZ, HU, MT, SK: Unbound
EL: Nationality condition for managers of the board of directors of construction companies supplying in the public sector.
IT: Exclusive rights are granted for construction, maintenance and management of highways and the airport of Rome.
PT: Exclusive rights are granted for maintenance and management of highways.












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, SK: None
CY, CZ, HU, MT, SK: Unbound
EE: None except that at least one responsible person (project manager or consultant) must be resident of Estonia.






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, HU, MT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


SI: commercial presence required.










 


EL: Nationality condition for managers of construction companies supplying in the public sector.










 


AT: commercial presence required




CY, HU, MT: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, HU, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


SI: commercial presence required.




FI, LV, PL: None
CY, HU, MT: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound except for NL and FR where: as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


NL: University degree and professional qualifications and three years’ professional experience in the sector.










 


FR: Unbound except for measures concerning the temporary entry of technicians under the following conditions:






—


The technician is an employee of a juridical person within the territory of another Member and is transferred to a commercial presence in FR which has a contract with that juridical person.










—


The work permit is delivered for a period not exceeding six months.










—


The technician presents a work certificate from the commercial presence in FR and a letter from the juridical person within the territory of another Member demonstrating its agreement to the transfer.










—


Compliance with an economic needs test is required.










—


The commercial presence body must pay a tax to the International Migration Office.








CSS for CPC 5111 only:
All Member States except BE, DE, DK, UK, SE: Unbound
BE, DK, UK, SE: University degree and professional qualifications and three years’ professional experience in the sector.
UK: Compliance with an economic needs test is required.
DE: Unbound except for limited range of services of site investigation work where: university degree and professional qualifications and three years’ professional experience in the sector.



CSS

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.
CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound.
LV: None


 










4.


DISTRIBUTION SERVICES (48)







 


 


 












A.





Commission Agents’ Services





(All Member States except SE: CPC 621. SE: CPC 621+6113)








1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, FR, HU, IT, MT, PL, SK: None
FR: Unbound for traders and brokers working in market of national interest.
CY, CZ, HU, IT, MT, PL, SK: Unbound.












1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, FR, HU, MT, IT, PL, SK: None
FR: Unbound for traders and brokers working in market of national interest.
CY, CZ, HU, MT, IT, PL, SK: Unbound.






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


FR: Condition of nationality for activities of traders, commissioners, and brokers working in twenty (20) markets of national interest.




CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, FI, MT, PL, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


IT, ES, PT: Residence requirement




CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK: Unbound
FI, LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound, except as provided in the horizontal section
LV: None


 












B.





Wholesale Trade Services





(All Member States except PL, SE: CPC 622.
PL: Wholesale trade within Poland(CPC 622 excluding 62226, 62228, 62251, 62252)
SE: CPC 622, 61111, 6113, 6121








1)


All Member States except CY, ES, FR, IT, MT, PT: None
ES, IT, PT: State monopoly on tobacco.
FR: Unbound for pharmacies.
CY, MT: Unbound












1)


All Member States except CY, MT: None
CY, MT: Unbound






 










2)


All Member States except CY, MT: None
CY, MT: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, MT: None
CY, MT: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, ES, FR, IT, MT, PT, PL: None
ES, IT, PT: State monopoly on tobacco.
FR: Wholesale pharmacies are authorised according to the needs of the population and within established quotas. State monopoly on tobacco and matches.
PL: Licensing of establishment of companies in the area of wholesale trade in imported consumer goods
CY, MT: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, MT: None
CY, MT: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, MT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


FR: Condition of nationality for wholesale of pharmaceuticals.




CY, MT: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


ES, IT, PT: Residence requirement.




FI, LV, PL: None
CY, MT: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound, except as provided in the horizontal section
LV: None


 












C.





Retailing Services





(All Member States except AT, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LV, LT, PL, SK, SI and SE: CPC 631, 632, 633, 61112, 6113, 6121 excluding 63211.
AT, CZ, FI, HU, SK: CPC 631, 632, 6111, 6113, 6121.
EE, LV, LT: CPC 631; 632; 633; 6111; 6113; 6121)
PL: Retail trade within Poland (CPC 631, 632 excluding 63107, 63108, 63211)
SI: CPC 631, part of 632, 61112, 6113, 6121 excluding 63211
SE: CPC 631, 632, 61112, 6113, 6121.)








1)


All Member States except AT,CY, EE, FI, HU, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI: Unbound except for mail order: None
AT, EE, FI, HU, LT, LV, SE, SI: None
CY, MT, PL: Unbound












1)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI,SK: Unbound except for mail order: None
AT, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, LV, SE, SI: None
CY, MT,PL, SK: Unbound






 










2)


All Member States except CY, MT: None
CY, MT: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, MT: None
CY, MT: Unbound






 










3) (49)



All Member States except BE, CY, ES, FR, DK, IT, IE, MT, PT, SE: None
BE: Economic needs test for department stores.
ES, FR, IT: State monopoly on tobacco.
FR: Economic needs test for larger department stores
DK: Economic needs test for new department stores
IT: Economic needs test on establishment of any new department store/outlet and authorisation can be denied in order to protect areas of particular historic and artistic interest.
IE: Unbound for retail of alcoholic beverages
PT: Economic needs test for large (i.e. more than 2 000  sq. m.) department stores.












3)


All Member States except CY, MT: None
CY, MT: Unbound






 




 


SE: Individual municipalities may apply economic needs test to temporary trade in clothing, shoes and foodstuffs that are not consumed at the point of sale (50)

CY, MT: Unbound


 


 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, MT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


FR: Condition of nationality for tobacconists (i.e. buraliste).




CY, MT: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, LV, LT, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
FI, LV, LT, PL: None
CY, MT: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound, except as provided in the horizontal section
LV: None


 












D.





Franchising





(CPC 8929)








1)2)3)


All Member States except CY, MT, PL, SE: None
CY, MT, PL, SE: Unbound.












1)2)3)


All Member States except CY, MT, PL, SE: None
CY, MT, PL, SE: Unbound.






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, MT, PL, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, MT, PL, SE: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, LV, MT, PL, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, MT, PL, SE: Unbound
FI, LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound, except as provided in the horizontal section
LV: None


 










5.


EDUCATIONAL SERVICES






 


 


 




(All Member States: only privately funded services)


 


 


 




Only for Estonia: Private education services with the length of student participation not exceeding six months


Only for EE:






1)2)3)


None






Only for EE:






1)2)3)


None






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

Unbound except as provided in the horizontal section


4)   ICT and BV

Unbound except as provided in the horizontal section


 




 



CSS

Unbound



CSS

Unbound except as provided in the horizontal section


 












A.





Primary Education Services





(All Member States except EE: CPC 921. EE: Compulsory primary education services)








1)


All Member States except CY, FR, FI, MT, PL, SE, SI: None
FR: Condition of nationality. However, third country nationals may obtain authorization from competent authorities to establish and direct an education institution and to teach.
CY, FI, MT, SE, SI: Unbound.
PL: Public system of education and of scholarships do not cover educational services supplied from abroad.












1)


All Member States except CY, FI, IT, MT, SE, SI: None
CY, FI, MT, SE, SI: Unbound
IT: Condition of nationality for service providers to be authorized to issue State recognized diplomas.






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, FI, MT, PL, SE, SI: None
CY, FI, MT, SE, SI: Unbound.
PL: Public system of education and of scholarships do not cover educational services supplied abroad.












2)


All Member States except CY, FI, MT, SE, SI: None
CY, FI, MT, SE, SI: Unbound.






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, HU, MT, SE, SI, SK: None
CY, FI, MT, SE, SI: Unbound.
CZ: Foreign nationals may obtain authorization from competent authorities to establish and direct an education institution and to teach. Condition of ensuring quality and level of education and suitability of school facilities.
HU: Establishment of schools is subject to licence from the local authorities.
SK: Foreign nationals may obtain authorisation from competent authorities to establish and direct an education institution and to teach subject to complying with qualification and material requirements on establishment of such an institution.












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, EL, LT, MT, SE, SI, SK: None
CY, FI, MT, SE, SI: Unbound.
CZ: None other than: majority of members of the Board must be of Czech nationality.
EL: Majority of members of the Board must be of Greek nationality.
LT: None, except for permit issued by the Ministry of Education and Science for the State recognised teaching institutions required.
SK: None other than: majority of members of the Board have to be of Slovak citizenship..






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, MT, SE, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


FR: Condition of nationality. However, third country nationals may obtain authorization from competent authorities to establish and direct an education institution and to teach.










 


IT: Condition of nationality for service providers who are authorized to issue State recognized diplomas.










 


EL: Condition of nationality for teachers.




CY, FI, MT, SE, SI: Unbound.


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, MT, LV, PL, SE, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, FI, MT, SE, SI: Unbound
LV, PL: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound, except as provided in the horizontal section
LV: None


 












B.





Secondary Education Services





(All Member States except EE: CPC 922.
EE: compulsory and non-compulsory secondary education services. LV: Excluding CPC 9224.)








1)


All Member States except CY, FR, FI, MT, PL, SE: None
CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound.
FR: Condition of nationality. However, third country nationals may obtain authorization from competent authorities to establish and direct an education institution and to teach.
PL: Public system of education and of scholarships do not cover educational services supplied from abroad.












1)


All Member States except CY, FI, IT, MT, SE: None
CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound.
IT: Condition of nationality for service providers to be authorized to issue State recognized diplomas.






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, FI, MT, PL, SE: None
CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound
PL: Public system of education and of scholarships do not cover educational services supplied abroad.












2)


All Member States except CY, FI, MT, SE: None
CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, HU, MT, SE, SK: None
CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound
CZ: Foreign nationals may obtain authorization from competent authorities to establish and direct an education institution and to teach. Condition of ensuring quality and level of education and suitability of school facilities.
HU: Establishment of schools is subject to licence from the local authorities.
SK: Foreign nationals may obtain authorisation from competent authorities to establish and direct an education institution and to teach subject to complying with qualification and material requirements on establishment of such an institution.












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, EL, LT, MT, SE, SI, SK: None
CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound
EL: Majority of members of the Board must be of Greek nationality.
CZ: None other than: majority of members of the Board must be of Czech nationality.
LT: None, except for permit issued by the Ministry of Education and Science for the State recognised teaching institutions required.
SK: None other than: majority of members of the Board have to be of Slovak citizenship.
SI: None other than: majority of the Board must be of Slovenian nationality






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


FR: Condition of nationality. However, third country nationals may obtain authorization from competent authorities to establish and direct an education institution and to teach.










 


IT: Condition of nationality for service providers to be authorized to issue State recognized diplomas.










 


EL: Condition of nationality for teachers.




CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, LV, MT, PL, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV, PL: None
CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound, except as provided in the horizontal section
LV: None


 












C.





Higher Education Services





(All Member States except CZ, SK: CPC 923.
CZ, SK: Only CPC 92310.)








1)


All Member States except AT, CY, FR, FI, MT, PL, SE: None
AT, CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound
FR: Condition of nationality. However, third country nationals can have authorization from competent authorities to establish and direct an education institution and to teach
PL: Public system of education and of scholarships do not cover educational services supplied from abroad.












1)


All Member States except AT, CY, FI, IT, MT, SE: None
AT, CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound
IT: Condition of nationality for service providers to be authorized to issue State recognized diplomas.






 




 








2)


All Member States except AT, CY, FI, MT, PL, SE: None
AT, CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound
PL: Public system of education and of scholarships do not cover educational services supplied abroad.












2)


All Member States except AT, CY, FI, MT, SE: None
AT, CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, ES, FI, HU, EL, IT, MT, SE, SK: None
AT, CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound
CZ: Foreign nationals may obtain authorization from competent authorities to establish and direct an education institution and to teach. Condition of ensuring quality and level of education and suitability of school facilities.
ES, IT: Needs test for opening of private universities authorized to issue recognized diplomas or degrees; procedure involves an advice of the Parliament.
EL: Unbound for education institutions granting recognized State diplomas.
HU: Establishment of schools is subject to licence from the central authorities.
SK: Foreign nationals may obtain authorisation from competent authorities to establish and direct an education institution and to teach subject to complying with qualification and material requirements on establishment of such an institution.












3)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, FI, MT, SE, SK, SI: None
AT, CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound
CZ: None other than: majority of members of the Board must be of Czech nationality.
SK: None other than: majority of members of the Board have to be of Slovak citizenship.
SI: None other than: majority of the Board must be of Slovenian nationality






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


DK: Condition of nationality for professors.










 


FR: Condition of nationality. However, third country nationals may obtain authorization from competent authorities to establish and direct an education institution and to teach.










 


IT: Condition of nationality for service providers to be authorized to issue State recognized diplomas.




AT, CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CY, FI, LV, MT, PL, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV, PL: None
AT, CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound except for FR and LU where: concerning the temporary entry of professors as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:
FR: The professors have obtained an employment contract from a university or other higher education institution.






—


The work permit is delivered for a period not exceeding nine months renewable for the duration of the contract.










—


Compliance with an economic needs test is required unless those professors are designated directly by the Minister in charge of higher education.










—


The recruiting institution must pay a tax to the International Migration Office.







CSS

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT,, PL, SI, SK: Unbound
LV: None


 




 



Other

All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: Personalities of internationally recognised reputation who have been invited by higher education institution for the duration of the invitation.



Other

All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: Unbound except for measures concerning the category of natural persons referred to in the Market Access column.


 












D.





Adult Education Services





(CPC 924; for AT CPC 9240 except education services for adults by means of radio or television broadcasting.
For EE: it also covers other adult education services not provided by the State)








1)


All Member States except CY, FI, MT, PL, SE: None
CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound
PL: Public system of education and of scholarships do not cover educational services supplied from abroad.












1)


All Member States except CY, FI, MT, SE: None
CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound






 










2)


All Member States except CY, FI, MT, PL, SE: None
CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound
PL: Public system of education and of scholarships do not cover educational services supplied abroad.












2)


All Member States except CY, FI, MT, SE: None
CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, HU, MT, SE, SK: None
CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound
CZ: Foreign nationals may obtain authorization from competent authorities to establish and direct an education institution and to teach. Condition of ensuring quality and level of education and suitability of school facilities.
HU: Establishment of schools is subject to licence from the local (or in case of high schools from the central) authorities.
SK: Foreign nationals may obtain authorisation from competent authorities to establish and direct an education institution and to teach subject to complying with qualification and material requirements on establishment of such an institution.












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, MT, SE, SK: None
CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound
CZ: None other than: majority of members of the Board must be of Czech nationality.
SK: None other than: majority of members of the Board have to be of Slovak citizenship.






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound.


4)   ICT and BV:
All Member States except CY, FI, LV, MT, PL, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV, PL: None
CY, FI, MT, SE: Unbound.


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound, except as provided in the horizontal section
LV: None


 












E.





Other Education Services

(CPC 929)












1)


All Member States except CZ and SK: Unbound
CZ, SK: None












1)


All Member States except CZ and SK: Unbound
CZ, SK: None






 




 








2)


All Member States except CZ and SK: Unbound
CZ and SK: None












2)


All Member States except CZ and SK: Unbound
CZ, SK: None






 




 








3)


All Member States except CZ and SK: Unbound
CZ: Foreign nationals may obtain authorization from competent authorities to establish and direct an education institution and to teach. Condition of ensuring quality and level of education and suitability of school facilities.
SK: Foreign nationals may obtain authorisation from competent authorities to establish and direct an education institution and to teach subject to complying with qualification and material requirements on establishment of such an institution.












3)


All Member States except CZ and SK: Unbound
CZ: None other than: majority of members of the Board must be of Czech nationality
SK: None other than: majority of members of theBoard have to be of Slovak citizenship.






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except for CZ, SK: Unbound
CZ, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except for CZ, SK: Unbound
CZ, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States: Unbound


 










6.


ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES




(SE: the offer does not include public works functions whether owned and operated by municipalities, state or federal governments or contracted out by these governments)


 


 


 












A.





Sewage Services





(All Member States except EE: CPC 9401;
EE: CPC 9401 contracted by private industry)








1)


All Member States except EE, LV, LT: Unbound
EE, LV, LT: None












1)


All Member States except EE, LV, LT: Unbound
EE, LV, LT: None






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, FI, HU, MT, PL: None
CY, FI, HU, MT, PL: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, FI, HU, MT, PL: None
CY, FI, HU, MT, PL: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, FI, HU, MT, PL: None
CY, FI, HU, MT, PL: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, FI, HU, MT, PL: None
CY, FI, HU, MT, PL: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, HU, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following limitations:
CY, FI, HU, MT, PL: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, HU, LV, MT, PL: Unbound for except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following limitations:
CY, FI, HU, MT, PL: Unbound
LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound, except as provided in the horizontal section
LV: None


 












B.





Refuse Disposal Services





(All Member States except EE: CPC 9402; EE: CPC 9402 contracted by private industry)








1)


All Member States except EE, HU: Unbound
EE, HU: None












1)


All Member States except EE, HU: Unbound
EE, HU: None






 




 








2) 3)


All Member States except CY, MT, PL: None
CY, MT, PL: Unbound












2)3)


All Member States except CY, MT, PL: None
CY, MT, PL: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, MT, PL: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, MT, PL: Unbound
FI, LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound, except as provided in the horizontal section
LV: None


 












C.





Sanitation and Similar Services

(CPC 9403)












1)


All Member States except EE, HU, LT: Unbound
EE, HU, LT: None












1)


All Member States except EE, HU, LT: Unbound
EE, HU, LT: None






 




 








2) 3)


All Member States except CY, FI, MT, PL: None
CY, FI, MT, PL: Unbound












2) 3)


All Member States except CY, FI, MT, PL: None
CY, FI, MT, PL: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following limitations:






 


AT: commercial presence required




CY, FI, MT, PL: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following limitations:
CY, FI, MT, PL: Unbound
LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound, except as provided in the horizontal section
LV: None


 




Cleaning Services of Exhaust Gases
(All Member States except PL: CPC 9404
PL: part of CPC 9404)








1)


All Member States except EE, FI, LT, PL: Unbound
EE, FI, LT, PL: None












1)


All Member States except EE, FI, LT, PL: Unbound
EE, FI, LT, PL: None






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, MT, SK, SI: None
CY, CZ, HU, MT, SK, SI: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, MT, SK, SI: None
CY, CZ, HU, MT, SK, SI: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, MT, SE, SK, SI: None
SE: Government owned monopoly for control services of exhaust-gas from cars and trucks. Such services must be offered on a non-profit basis.
CY, CZ, HU, MT, SK, SI: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, HU, MT, SK, SI: None
CY, HU, MT, SK, SI: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, MT, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following limitations:






 


AT: Commercial presence required




CY, CZ, HU, MT, SK, SI: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, HU, LV, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV, FI, PL: None
CY, CZ, HU, MT, SK, SI: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound, except as provided in the horizontal section
LV: None


 




Noise abatement services
(All Member States except PL: CPC 9405 PL: part of CPC 9405)








1)


All Member States except EE, FI, LT, PL: Unbound
EE, FI, LT, PL: None












1)


All Member States except EE, FI, LT, PL: Unbound
EE, FI, LT, PL: None






 




 








2) 3)


All Member States except AT, EE, FI, LV, LT, PL, SE: Unbound
AT, EE, FI, LV, LT, PL, SE: None












2) 3)


All Member States except AT, EE, FI, LV, LT, PL, SE: Unbound
AT, EE, FI, LV, LT, PL, SE: None






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, FI, LV, LT, PL, SE: Unbound
AT, EE, FI, LV, LT, PL, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following limitations:






 


AT: commercial presence required






4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except FI, LV, LT, PL, SE: Unbound.
AT, EE, LT, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
FI, LV, PL: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound, except as provided in the horizontal section
LV: None


 




Nature and Landscape Protection Services (All Member States except LT: CPC 9406 LT:CPC 9406 other than destined to national parks)








1)


All Member States except EE, FI: Unbound
EE, FI: None












1)


All Member States except EE, FI: Unbound
EE, FI: None






 




 








2) 3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK: Unbound












2) 3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following limitations:
AT: Commercial presence required
CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, FI, LV, MT, PL, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
FI, LV: None
CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound, except as provided in the horizontal section
LV: None


 












D.





Other Environmental Protection Services





(All Member States except PL: CPC 9409
PL: Monitoring of environment. Consultancy related to the environmental protection)








1)


All Member States except EE, FI, PL: Unbound
EE, FI, PL: None












1)


All Member States except EE, FI, PL: Unbound
EE, FI, PL: None






 










2) 3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, MT, SK, SI: None
CY, CZ, HU, MT, SK, SI: Unbound












2) 3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, MT, SK, SI: None
CY, CZ, HU, MT, SK, SI: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, MT, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following limitations:






 


AT: Commercial presence required




CY, CZ, HU, MT, SK, SI: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, FI, LV, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
FI, LV, PL: None
CY, CZ, HU, MT, SK, SI: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound, except as provided in the horizontal section
LV: None


 




7.   FINANCIAL SERVICES SECTOR (first part) (51)







1.


Part of the EC (AT, BE, CZ, DK, DE, ES, FI, FR, EL, HU, IT, IE, LU, NL, PT, SE, SK and UK) undertakes commitments on Financial Services in accordance with the provisions of the "Understanding on Commitments in Financial Services" (the Understanding). These commitments are in the following section. Commitments on Financial Services of the other part of the EC (CY, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI) are not based on the Understanding and are in a second section.










2.


These commitments are subject to the limitations on market access and national treatment in the "all sectors" section of this schedule and to those relating to the subsectors listed below.










3.


The market access commitments in respect of modes (1) and (2) apply only to the transactions indicated in paragraphs B.3 and B.4 of the market access section of the Understanding respectively, except for Hungary, for which they apply only to the transactions indicated in paragraphs B.3 (a) and (b) and B.4 (a) and (b) respectively.










4.


Notwithstanding note 1. above, the market access and national treatment commitments in respect of mode (4) on financial services are those in the "all sectors" section of this schedule, except for the Czech Republic, Hungary, the Slovak Republic and Sweden, in which case commitments are made in accordance with the Understanding.










5.


The admission to the market of new financial services or products may be subject to the existence of, and consistency with, a regulatory framework aimed at achieving the objectives indicated in Article 2(a) of the Financial Services Annex.










6.


As a general rule and in a non-discriminatory manner, financial institutions incorporated in a Member State of the Community must adopt a specific legal form.










7.


CZ, SK: Notwithstanding note 1. above, the purchase and acquisition of financial services by public entities of the Czech Republic and of the Slovak Republic are governed in this schedule by Article XIII of the General Agreement on Trade in Services.










8.


HU: The transfer of information containing personal data, bank secret, securities secret and/or business secret is not allowed.










9.


HU: Insurance, banking, securities and collective investment management services should be performed by legally separate and independently capitalised suppliers of financial services.










10.


HU: Legislation permitting market access of branches is currently being prepared. Details and conditions to apply are still being determined. It is intended to bind the effects of this legislation as soon as it has been adopted.










11.


HU: The board of a financial institution should include at least two members, who are Hungarian citizens, residents in the meaning of the relevant foreign exchange regulations and have permanent residency in Hungary for at least one year.










12.


HU: Direct or indirect ownership or voting rights in a credit institution of a single shareholder other than credit institution, insurance company or investment firm cannot exceed 15 %.










A.
   
Insurance and Insurance-Related Services








1.


CZ: Monopoly rights as indicated in paragraph B.1 of the Understanding: Compulsory motor third party liability insurance is provided by an exclusive supplier. (52) Compulsory health insurance is provided by licensed Czech owned suppliers only.










2.


SK: The following insurance services are provided by exclusive suppliers: Compulsory motor third party liability insurance, compulsory air transport insurance, the liability insurance of employer against injury or occupational disease have to be effected through the Slovak Insurance Company. The basic health insurance is confined to the Slovak health insurance companies having a licence for provision of health insurance granted by the Ministry of Healthcare of the Slovak Republic according to the Act 273/1994 Coll. of Law. Fund pension insurance schemes and sickness insurance are confined to the Social Insurance Company. These exclusive service suppliers act in a manner consistent with obligations under Article II of the GATS and specific commitments.








 








1)


BE, EL, IE, LU, NL, UK: None
AT: Promotional activity and intermediation on behalf of a subsidiary not established in the Community or of a branch not established in Austria (except for reinsurance and retrocession) are prohibited.
AT: Compulsory air insurance can be underwritten only by a subsidiary established in the Community or by a branch established in Austria.












1)


BE, CZ, DK, DE, ES, FI, FR, EL, HU, IT, IE, LU, NL, PT, SE, SK, UK: None
AT: Higher premium tax is due for insurance contracts (except for contracts on reinsurance and retrocession) which are written by a subsidiary not established in the Community or by a branch not established in Austria. Exception from the higher tax can be granted.






Part of the EC (AT, BE, DK, DE, ES, FI, FR, EL, IE, IT, LU, NL, PT, SE, and UK) undertakes additional commitments as contained in the attachment.




 


CZ: None other than:
Foreign financial services suppliers may establish an insurance company with the seat in the Czech Republic in the form of a joint stock company or may exercise insurance activity through their branches with registered office in the Czech Republic under the conditions established in the Insurance Industry Act.
Commercial presence and authorisation is required for the provider of insurance services:






—


to provide such services including reinsurance, and










—


to conclude intermediation contract with an intermediary aimed at the conclusion of insurance contract between the provider of insurance services and third party.




Authorisation is required for the intermediary in case of its intermediation activity to be exercised for a branch with registered office in the Czech Republic.
DK: Compulsory air transport insurance can be underwritten only by firms established in the Community.
DK: No persons or companies (including insurance companies) may for business purposes in Denmark assist in effecting direct insurance for persons resident in Denmark, for Danish ships or for property in Denmark, other than insurance companies licensed by Danish law or by Danish competent authorities.
DE: Compulsory air insurance policies can be underwritten only by a subsidiary established in the Community or by a branch established in Germany.
DE: If a foreign insurance company has established a branch in Germany, it may conclude insurance contracts in Germany relating to international transport only through the branch established in Germany.
ES, IT: Unbound for the actuarial profession.
FI: Only insurers having their head office in the European Community or having their branch in Finland may offer insurance services as referred to in sub-paragraph 3(a) of the Understanding.


 


 




 


FI: The supply of insurance broker services is subject to a permanent place of business in the European Community.
FR: Insurance of risks relating to ground transport may be carried out only by insurance firms established in the Community.
HU: Direct insurance (life and non-life)

Only entrepreneurs pursuing international business activity specified in the legal rules on foreign exchange are allowed to purchase services. Only insurance events occurring abroad can be insured.
IT: Insurance of risks relating to c.i.f. exports by residents in Italy may be underwritten only by insurance firms established in the Community.
IT: Transport insurance of goods, insurance of vehicles as such and liability insurance regarding risks located in Italy may be underwritten only by insurance companies established in the Community. This reservation does not apply for international transport involving imports into Italy.
PT: Air and maritime transport insurance, covering goods, aircraft, hull and liability can be underwritten only by firms established in the EC; only persons or companies established in the EC may act as intermediaries for such insurance business in Portugal.
SK: Commercial presence is required for supply of:






—


the life insurance of persons with permanent residence in the Slovak Republic;










—


the insurance of property on the territory of the Slovak Republic;










—


the insurance of liability for loss or damage caused by the activity of natural persons and juridical persons on the territory of the Slovak Republic;










—


air and maritime insurance, covering goods, aircraft, hull and liability.




SE: The supply of direct insurance is allowed only through an insurance service supplier authorised in Sweden, provided that the foreign service supplier and the Swedish insurance company belong to the same group of companies or have an agreement of cooperation between them.


 


 




 








2)


BE, ES, FI, EL, IE, LU, NL, SE, UK: None
AT: Promotional activity and intermediation on behalf of a subsidiary not established in the Community or of a branch not established in Austria (except for reinsurance and retrocession) are prohibited.
AT: Compulsory air insurance can be underwritten only by a subsidiary established in the Community or by a branch established in Austria.












2)


BE, CZ, DK, DE, ES, FI, FR, EL, HU, IT, IE, LU, NL, PT, SE, SK, UK: None
AT: Higher premium tax is due for insurance contracts (except for contracts on reinsurance and retrocession) which are written by a subsidiary not established in the Community or by a branch not established in Austria. Exception from the higher tax can be granted.






 




 


CZ: None other than:
Insurance services as defined below may not be purchased abroad.






—


The life insurance of persons with permanent residence in the Czech Republic,










—


the insurance of property on the territory of the Czech Republic,










—


the insurance of liability for loss or damage caused by the activity of natural and legal persons on the territory of the Czech Republic.




DK: Compulsory air transport insurance can be underwritten only by firms established in the Community.
DK: No persons or companies (including insurance companies) may for business purposes in Denmark assist in effecting direct insurance for persons resident in Denmark, for Danish ships or for property in Denmark, other than insurance companies licensed by Danish law or by Danish competent authorities.
DE: Compulsory air insurance policies can be underwritten only by a subsidiary established in the Community or by a branch established in Germany.


 


 




 


DE: If a foreign insurance company has established a branch in Germany, it may conclude insurance contracts in Germany relating to international transport only through the branch established in Germany.
FR: Insurance of risks relating to ground transport may be carried out only by insurance firms established in the Community.
HU: Direct insurance (life and non-life)

Only entrepreneurs pursuing international business activity specified in the legal rules on foreign exchange are allowed to purchase services. Only insurance events occurring abroad can be insured.
IT: Insurance of risks relating to c.i.f. exports by residents in Italy may be underwritten only by insurance firms established in the Community.
IT: Transport insurance of goods, insurance of vehicles as such and liability insurance regarding risks located in Italy may be underwritten only by insurance companies established in the Community. This reservation does not apply for international transport involving imports into Italy.
PT: Air and maritime transport insurance, covering goods, aircraft, hull and liability can be underwritten only by firms established in the EC; only persons or companies established in the EC may act as intermediaries for such insurance business in Portugal.
SK: Insurance services covered by mode (1), except insurance of air and maritime transport, covering goods, aircraft, hull and liability above may not be purchased abroad.


 


 




 








3)


DK, DE, HU, LU, NL, UK: None
AT: The licence for branch offices of foreign insurers has to be denied if the insurer, in the home country, does not have a legal form corresponding or comparable to a joint stock company or a mutual insurance association.
BE: Any public bid to acquire Belgian securities made by or on behalf of a person, company or institution outside the jurisdiction of one of the Member States of the European Community shall be submitted to the authorisation of the Minister of Finance.
CZ: None other than:
Foreign financial services suppliers may establish an insurance company with the seat in the Czech Republic in the form of a joint stock company or may exercise insurance activity through their branches with registered office in the Czech Republic under the conditions established in the Insurance Industry Act.












3)


AT, BE, CZ, DK, DE, ES, FR, EL, HU, IT, IE, LU, NL, PT, UK: None
FI: The general agent of the foreign insurance company shall have his place of residence in Finland, unless the company has its head office in the European Community.
SE: Non-life insurance undertakings not incorporated in Sweden conducting business in Sweden are - instead of being taxed according to the net result - subject to taxation based on the premium income from direct insurance operations.
SE: A founder of an insurance company shall be a natural person resident in the European Community or a legal entity incorporated in the European Community.
SK: The majority of the management board of an insurance company has to be domiciled in the Slovak Republic.






 




 


Commercial presence and authorisation is required for the provider of insurance services:






—


to provide such services including reinsurance, and










—


to conclude intermediation contract with an intermediary aimed at the conclusion of insurance contract between the provider of insurance services and third party.




Authorisation is required for the intermediary in case of its intermediation activity to be exercised for a branch with registered office in the Czech Republic.
ES: Before establishing a branch or agency in Spain to provide certain classes of insurance, a foreign insurer must have been authorised to operate in the same classes of insurance in its country of origin for at least five years.
ES, EL: The right of establishment does not cover the creation of representative offices or other permanent presence of insurance companies, except where such offices are established as agencies, branches or head offices.
FI: The managing director, at least one auditor and at least one half of the promoters and members of the board of directors and the supervisory board of an insurance company shall have their place of residence in the European Community, unless the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health has granted an exemption.
FI: Foreign insurers cannot get a licence in Finland as a branch to carry on statutory social insurances (statutory pension insurance, statutory accident insurance).
FR: The establishment of branches is subject to a special authorisation for the representative of the branch.
IT: Access to actuarial profession through natural persons only. Professional associations (no incorporation) among natural persons permitted.


 


 




 


IT: The authorisation of the establishment of branches is ultimately subject to the evaluation of supervisory authorities.
IE: The right of establishment does not cover the creation of representative offices.
PT: Foreign companies may carry out insurance intermediation in Portugal only through a company formed in accordance with the law of a Community Member State.
PT: In order to establish a branch in Portugal, foreign companies need to demonstrate prior operational experience of at least five years.
SE: Foreign companies may only establish as a subsidiary or through a resident agent.
SE: Insurance broking undertakings not incorporated in Sweden may establish a commercial presence only through a branch.
SK: Foreign national may establish an insurance company in the form of a joint stock company or may conduct insurance business through their subsidiaries with registered office in the Slovak Republic. Insurance business means insurance activity including brokerage and reinsurance activity.
Intermediation activity aimed at the conclusion of an insurance contract between third party and the insurance company may be provided by natural or juridical persons who are domiciled in the Slovak Republic for the benefit of the insurance company having the licence of the Insurance Supervisory Authority.


 


 




 


4)   ICT and BV

AT, BE, CZ, DK, DE, ES, FI, FR, EL, HU, IT, IE, LU, NL, PT, SE, SK, UK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitation:
EL: A majority of the members of the board of directors of a company established in Greece shall be nationals of one of the Member States of the Community.


4)   ICT and BV

AT, BE, CZ, DK, DE, ES, FI, FR, EL, HU, IT, IE, LU, NL, PT, SE, SK, UK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:
AT: The management of a branch office must consist of two natural persons resident in Austria.
DK: The general agent of an insurance branch will need to have resided in Denmark for the last two years unless being a national of one of the Member States of the Community. The Minister of Business and Industry may grant exemption.
DK: Residency requirement for managers and the members of the board of directors of a company. However, the Minister of Business and Industry may grant exemption from this requirement. Exemption is granted on a non-discriminatory basis.
ES, IT: Residence requirement for actuarial profession.


 




 



CSS

AT, BE, CZ, DK, DE, ES, FI, FR, EL, HU, IT, IE, LU, NL, PT, SE, SK, UK: Unbound



CSS

AT, BE, CZ, DK, DE, ES, FI, FR, EL, HU, IT, IE, LU, NL, PT, SE, SK, UK: Unbound


 






B.
   
Banking and Other Financial Services_
(excluding insurance)






1.


CZ: Non-central bank currency issue services, trading of derivative products and of bullion, money broking, settlement and clearing services for derivative products, and advisory, intermediation and other auxiliary financial services relating to these activities are not committed.










2.


SK: Trading of derivative products and of bullion, money broking, and intermediation are not committed.








 








1) (53)



AT, DK, DE, ES, FI, FR, EL, HU, LU, NL, PT, SE, UK: None
BE: Establishment in Belgium is required for the provision of investment advisory services.
CZ: Unbound for trading of transferable securities and of other negotiable instruments and financial assets, participation in issues of all kinds of securities, asset management, and settlement and clearing services for financial assets.












1)


AT, BE, CZ, DK, DE, ES, FI, FR, EL, HU, IT, IE, LU, NL, PT, SE, SK, UK: None






Part of the EC (AT, BE, DK, DE, ES, FI, FR, EL, IT, IE, LU, NL, PT, SE, and UK) undertakes additional commitments as contained in the attachment.




 


None other than:
Only Czech established banks and branches of foreign banks having a corresponding licence may:






—


provide deposit services;










—


trade in foreign exchange assets;










—


effect non-cash cross-border payments.




Foreign exchange permit issued by the Czech National Bank or Ministry of Finance is required in case of Czech non-bank residents for:


 


 




 








(a)


opening and funding of an account abroad by Czech residents,










(b)


capital payments abroad (except FDI),










(c)


granting financial credits and guarantees,










(d)


operations in financial derivates,










(e)


purchase of foreign securities except for the cases as described by the Foreign Exchange Act,










(f)


issue of foreign securities for public and non-public trade in the Czech Republic or their introduction on the domestic market.




IT: Unbound for "promotori di servizi finanziari" (financial salesmen).
IE: The provision of investment services or investment advice requires either (IT) authorisation in Ireland, which normally requires that the entity be incorporated or be a partnership or a sole trader, in each case with a head/registered office in Ireland (authorisation may not be required in certain cases, e.g. where a third country service provider has no commercial presence in Ireland and the service is not provided to private individuals), or (II) authorisation in another Member State in accordance with the EC Investment Services Directive.
SK: Unbound for trading of transferable securities and of other negotiable instruments and financial assets, participation in issues of all kinds of securities, asset management, and settlement and clearing services for financial assets.


 


 




 


None other than:






(i)


Deposit services are confined to the domestic banks and branches of foreign banks in the Slovak Republic.










(ii)


Only authorised domestic banks, branches of foreign banks in the Slovak Republic and persons possessing a foreign exchange licence may trade in foreign exchange assets. Only stock exchange members can trade on the Bratislava Stock Exchange. Residents can trade on the RM-System Slovakia without any limitation and non-residents only through security dealers.










(iii)


Non-cash cross-border payments may be effected only by authorised domestic banks and branches of foreign banks in the Slovak Republic.










(iv)


Foreign exchange licence issued by the National Bank of Slovakia is required for:






(a)


opening an account abroad by a Slovak non-bank resident, except for the natural persons during their stay abroad;










(b)


capital payments abroad;










(c)


obtaining financial credit from a foreign exchange non-resident; except credits from abroad accepted by residents with a repayment period of more than 3 years and loans granted between natural persons for non-business activities.














(v)


Export and import of the Slovak currency and foreign exchange in cash exceeding value of 150 ths SKK and bullion, is subject to reporting requirement.










(vi)


Foreign exchange permission or licence granted by foreign exchange authorities is required for a deposit of financial assets by resident abroad.










(vii)


Only foreign exchange entities established in the Slovak Republic can grant and obtain guarantees and liabilities according to determined limit and provisions of the National Bank of Slovakia.






 


 




 








2) (54)



AT, BE, DK, ES, FR,, HU, IT, IE, LU, NL, PT, SE: None
CZ: Unbound for asset management.
None other than:
Only Czech established banks and branches of foreign banks having a corresponding licence may:






—


provide deposit services;










—


trade in foreign exchange assets;










—


effect non-cash cross-border payments.




Foreign exchange permit issued by the Czech National Bank or Ministry of Finance is required in case of Czech non-bank residents for:






(a)


opening and funding of an account abroad by Czech residents,










(b)


capital payments abroad (except FDI),










(c)


granting financial credits and guarantees,










(d)


operations in financial derivates,










(e)


purchase of foreign securities except for the cases as described by the Foreign Exchange Act,










(f)


issue of foreign securities for public and non-public trade in the Czech Republic or their introduction on the domestic market.
















2)


AT, BE, CZ, DK, DE, ES, FI, FR, EL, HU, IT, IE, LU, NL, PT, SE, SK, UK: None






 




 


DE: Issues of securities denominated in Deutschmarks can be lead managed only by a credit institution, subsidiary or branch, established in Germany.
FI: Payments from governmental entities (expenses) shall be transmitted through the Finnish Postal Giro system, which is maintained by the Postipankki Ltd. Exemption from this requirement may be granted on special reason by the Ministry of Finance.
EL: Establishment is required for the provision of custodial and depository services involving the administration of interest and principal payments due on securities issued in Greece.
SK: Unbound for asset management.


 


 




 


None other than:






(i)


Deposit services are confined to the domestic banks and branches of foreign banks in the Slovak Republic.










(ii)


Only authorised domestic banks, branches of foreign banks in the Slovak Republic and persons possessing a foreign exchange licence may trade in foreign exchange assets. Only stock exchange members can trade on the Bratislava Stock Exchange. Residents can trade on the RM-System Slovakia without any limitation and non-residents only through security dealers.










(iii)


Non-cash cross-border payments may be effected only by authorised domestic banks and branches of foreign banks in the Slovak Republic.










(iv)


Foreign exchange licence issued by the National Bank of Slovakia is required for:






(a)


opening an account abroad by a Slovak non-bank resident, except for the natural persons during their stay abroad;










(b)


capital payments abroad;










(c)


obtaining financial credit from a foreign exchange non-resident; except credits from abroad accepted by residents with a repayment period of more than 3 years and loans granted between natural persons for non-business activities.














(v)


Export and import of the Slovak currency and foreign exchange in cash exceeding value of 150 ths SKK and bullion, is subject to reporting requirement.










(vi)


Foreign exchange permission or licence granted by foreign exchange authorities is required for a deposit of financial assets by resident abroad.










(vii)


Only foreign exchange entities established in the Slovak Republic can grant and obtain guarantees and liabilities according to determined limit and provisions of the National Bank of Slovakia.




UK: Sterling issues, including privately led issues, can be lead managed only by a firm established in the European Community.


 


 




 








3) (55)



AT, BE, CZ, DK, DE, ES, FI, FR, EL, HU, IT, IE, LU, NL, PT, SE, SK, UK:






—


The establishment of a specialised management company is required to perform the activities of management of unit trusts and investment companies (Articles 6 and 13 of UCITS Directive, 85/611/EEC).










—


Only firms having their registered office in the Community can act as depositories of the assets of investment funds (Articles 8.1 and 15.1 of the UCITS Directive, 85/611/EEC).




AT: Only members of the Austrian Stock Exchange may engage in securities trading at the Stock Exchange.
AT: For trading in foreign exchange and foreign currency authorisation of the Austrian National Bank is required.
AT: Mortgage bonds and municipal bonds may be issued by banks specialised and authorised for this activity.
AT: For carrying out services of pension fund management a specialised company only for this activity and incorporated as a stock company in Austria is required.
BE: Any public bid to acquire Belgian securities made by or on behalf of a person, company or institution outside the jurisdiction of one of the Member States of the European Community shall be submitted to the authorisation of the Minister of Finance.
CZ: None other than:












3)


AT, BE, CZ, DK, DE, ES, FI, EL, IE, LU, NL, PT, SK, UK: None
FR: In addition to French credit institutions, issues denominated in French francs may be lead managed only by French subsidiaries (under French law) of non-French banks which are authorised, based on sufficient means and commitments in Paris of the candidate French subsidiary of a non-French bank. These conditions apply to lead banks running the books. A non-French bank may be, without restrictions or requirement to establish, jointly-lead or co-lead manager of Eurofranc bond issue.
IT: Representative offices of foreign intermediaries cannot carry out activities aimed at providing investment services.
SE: A founder of a banking company shall be a natural person resident in the European Community or a foreign bank. A founder of a savings bank shall be a natural person resident in the European Community.






 




 


Banking services may be provided only by Czech established banks or branches of foreign banks having a licence granted by the Czech National Bank in agreement with the Ministry of Finance.
The granting of the licence is based on the consideration of criteria which are applied consistently with GATS. Mortgage loan services may be provided only by Czech established banks.
Banks may be established as joint stock companies only. The purchase of shares of existing banks is subject to prior approval of the Czech National Bank.
Securities may be traded publicly only if relevant authorisation has been granted and prospectus covering the security has been approved.
The authorisation shall not be granted if public trading in securities is in conflict with the interests of investors, is inconsistent with the government financial policy or if it does not conform with the financial market requirements (56).
The establishment and activities of securities dealers, stockbrokers, of the Stock Exchange or organisers of an over-the-counter market, investment companies and investment funds are subject to authorisation granting of which is related to qualifications, personal integrity, management and material requirements.
Settlement and clearing services for all kinds of payments are monitored and reviewed by the Czech National Bank to ensure their smooth and economical operation.


 


 




 


DK: Financial institutions may engage in securities trading on the Copenhagen Stock Exchange only through subsidiaries incorporated in Denmark.
ES: Financial institutions may engage in securities trading in securities listed on an official stock exchange or in the government securities market only through securities firms incorporated in Spain.
FI: At least one of the founders, the members of the board of directors, the supervisory board and the managing director shall have their permanent residence in the European Community. Exemptions from these requirements may be granted by the Financial Supervision Authority. At least one auditor shall have his permanent residence in the European Community.
FI: The broker (individual person) on derivative exchange shall have his place of residence in the European Community. Exemption from this requirement may be granted under the conditions set by the Ministry of Finance.
FI: Payments from governmental entities (expenses) shall be transmitted through the Finnish Postal Giro System, which is maintained by the Postipankki Ltd. Exemption from this requirement may be granted on special reason by the Ministry of Finance.
EL: Financial institutions may engage in the trading of securities listed on the Athens Stock Exchange only through stock exchange firms incorporated in Greece.


 


 




 


EL: For the establishment and operations of branches a minimum amount of foreign exchange must be imported, converted into drachmas and kept in Greece as long as a foreign bank continues to operate in Greece:






—


Up to four (4) branches this minimum is currently equal to half of the minimum amount of share capital required for a credit institution to be incorporated in Greece;










—


For the operation of additional branches the minimum amount of capital must be equal to the minimum share capital required for a credit institution to be incorporated in Greece.




IT: In providing the activity of door-to-door selling, intermediaries must utilise authorised financial salesmen resident within the territory of a Member State of the European Communities.
IT: Clearing and settlement of securities may be conducted only by the official clearing system. A company authorised by the Bank of Italy in agreement with Consob could be entrusted with the activity of clearing, up to the final settlement of securities.
IT: The public offer of securities (as provided for under Art. 18 of Law 216/74) other than shares, debt securities (including convertible debt securities) can only be made by Italian limited companies, foreign companies duly authorised, public bodies or companies belonging to local authorities whose assigned capital is not below Lit 2 billion.
IT: Centralised deposit, custody and administration services can be provided only by the Bank of Italy for Government securities, or by Monte Titoli SpA for shares, securities of a participating nature and other bonds traded in a regulated market.


 


 




 


IT: In the case of collective investment schemes other than harmonised UCITS under the directive 85/611/EEC, the trustee/ depositary is required to be incorporated in Italy or in another Member State of the European Community, being established through a branch in Italy. Only banks, insurance companies, securities investment companies having their legal head office in the European Community may carry out activity of pension fund resources management. Management companies (closed-end funds and real estate funds) are also required to be incorporated in Italy.
IE: In the case of collective investment schemes constituted as unit trusts and variable capital companies (other than undertakings for collective investment in transferable securities, UCITS), the trustee/depositary and management company is required to be incorporated in Ireland or in another Member State of the Community. In the case of an investment limited partnership, at least one general partner must be incorporated in Ireland.
IE: To become a member of a stock exchange in Ireland, an entity must either (I) be authorised in Ireland, which requires that it be incorporated or be a partnership, with a head/registered office in Ireland, or (II) be authorised in another Member State in accordance with the EC Investment Services Directive.
IE: The provision of investment services or investment advice requires either (I) authorisation in Ireland, which normally requires that the entity be incorporated or be a partnership or a sole trader, in each case with a head/registered office in Ireland (the supervisory authority may also authorise branches of third country entities), or (II) authorisation in another Member State in accordance with the EC Investment Services Directive.


 


 




 


PT: The establishment of non-EC banks is subject to an authorisation issued, on a case-by-case basis, by the Minister of Finance. The establishment has to contribute to increase the national banking system’s efficiency or has to produce significant effects on the internationalisation of the Portuguese economy.
PT: The services of venture capital may not be provided by branches of venture capital companies having their head office in a non-EC country. Broker-dealer services on the Lisbon Stock Exchange may be provided by broker and dealer companies incorporated in Portugal or by branches of investment firms authorised in another EC country and authorised in their home country to provide those services. Broker and dealer services in the Oporto Derivatives Exchange and in the OTC market may not be provided by branches of non-EC broker/dealer companies. Pension fund management may be provided only by companies incorporated in Portugal and by insurance companies established in Portugal and authorised to take up the life insurance business.
SK: Banking services may be provided only by domestic banks or branches of foreign banks authorised by the National Bank of Slovakia upon the agreement with the Ministry of Finance. The granting of authorisation is based on the consideration of criteria relating, in particular, to capital endowment (financial strength) professional qualifications, integrity and competence of the management of the projected bank activities. Banks are legal entities incorporated in the Slovak Republic, established as joint-stock companies or public (State-owned) financial institutions.
The purchase of shares expressing interest in the equity capital of existing commercial bank from the determined limit is subject to prior approval of the National Bank of Slovakia.


 


 




 


Investment services in the Slovak Republic can be provided by banks, investment companies, investment funds and security dealers which have legal form of joint-stock company with equity capital according to the law. Foreign investment company or investment fund must obtain an authorisation from Ministry of Finance for selling its securities or investment certificate units on the territory of the Slovak Republic according to the Law. For issue of debt securities the permission of the Ministry of Finance is required either for the issue inland or abroad.
Securities may be issued and traded only after a permission by the Ministry of Finance has been granted for public trading according to the Securities Act. The business of security dealer, stockbroker or organiser of an over-the counter market is subject to authorisation of the Ministry of Finance. Settlement and clearing services for all kinds of payments are regulated by National Bank of Slovakia.
Settlement and clearing services relating to change of physical property of securities are recorded in Centre of Securities (Clearing and Settlement House for Securities). Centre of Securities may provide only transfers on the property accounts of security owners. Cash part clearing and settlement goes through Banking Clearing and Settlement House - (where the National Bank of Slovakia is major shareholder) for Bratislava Stock Exchange, joint-stock company or through Jumbo account for RM-System Slovakia.


 


 




 


UK: Inter-dealer brokers, which are a category of financial institutions dealing in Government debt, are required to be established in the European Community and separately capitalised.
SE: Undertakings not incorporated in Sweden may establish a commercial presence only through a branch, and in case of banks, also through a representative office.


 


 




 


4)   ICT and BV

AT, BE, CZ, DK, DE, ES, FI, FR, EL, HU, IT, IE, LU, NL, PT, SE, SK, UK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:
FR: Sociétés d’investissement à capital fixe: condition of nationality for the president of the Board of Directors, the Directors-General and no less than two thirds of the administrators, and also, when the securities firm has a Supervisory Board or Council, for the members of such board or its Director-General, and no less than two thirds of the members of the supervisory Council.
EL: Credit institutions should name at least two persons who are responsible for the operations of the institution. Condition of residency applies to these persons.


4)   ICT and BV

AT, BE, CZ, DK, DE, ES, FI, FR, EL, HU, IT, IE, LU, NL, PT, SE, SK, UK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:
IT: Condition of residence within the territory of a Member State of the European Communities for "promotori di servizi finanziari" (financial salesmen).


 




 



CSS

AT, BE, CZ, DK, DE, ES, FI, FR, EL, HU, IT, IE, LU, NL, PT, SE, SK, UK: Unbound



CSS

AT, BE, CZ, DK, DE, ES, FI, FR, EL, HU, IT, IE, LU, NL, PT, SE, SK, UK: Unbound


 




7.   FINANCIAL SERVICES SECTOR (second part) (57)







1.


The commitments on Financial Services of the other part of the EC (CY, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI) are in the following section.










2.


CY: It is understood that this schedule should be read in conjunction with the horizontal commitments applicable to all sectors/subsectors submitted by Cyprus in its Schedule of Specific Commitments to the GATS and with the List of Article II (MFN) Exemptions.










3.


CY: The following general conditions and qualifications would apply even where no limitations or conditions are stated in the schedule:






(i)


Consideration of national security and public policy objectives;










(ii)


This schedule does not in any way pertain to services supplied in the exercise of government functions. Also, it does not affect measures pertaining to trade in goods which may constitute inputs to a scheduled service or other services. In addition, limitations on market access or national treatment in respect of services which may constitute inputs to or be used to supply a scheduled service, shall continue to apply.














4.


CY: The laws and regulations mentioned in this schedule should not be construed as an exhaustive reference to all laws, and regulations governing the financial sector. The transfer, for example, of information containing personal data, bank secret or any business secret is not allowed. Such transfer is subject to domestic laws on protection of confidentiality of information of banks’ customers. Furthermore, it is noted that non-discriminatory qualitative measures pertaining to technical standards, public health and environmental considerations, licensing, prudential consideration, professional qualifications and competency requirements have not been listed as conditions or limitations to market access and national treatment.










5.


CY: Unregulated financial services and products and the admission to the market of new financial services or products, may be subject to the existence or the introduction of a regulatory framework aimed at achieving the objectives indicated in Article 2(a) of the Financial Services Annex.










6.


CY: Due to exchange controls operative in Cyprus:






—


residents are not permitted to purchase banking services which may involve transfer of funds abroad, while they are physically abroad;










—


loans to non-residents/foreigners or non-resident controlled companies require approval from the Central Bank;










—


acquisition of securities by non-residents also requires permission from the Central Bank;










—


dealings in foreign currency may be carried out only through banks which have been accorded "Authorised Dealer" status from the Central Bank.


















7.


MT: For mode (3) commitments, under exchange control legislation non-residents wishing to supply any services through the registration of a local company may do so with the prior permission of the Central Bank of Malta. Companies with the participation of non-resident legal or natural persons require a minimum share capital of 10 000  Maltese Liri of which 50 % has to be paid up. The non-resident percentage share of the equity is to be paid for with funds emanating from abroad. Companies with non-resident participation must apply for a permit from the Ministry of Finance to acquire premises under the appropriate legislation.










8.


MT: For mode (4) commitments, the requirements of Maltese legislation and regulations regarding entry, stay, acquisition of real property, work and social security measures shall continue to apply, including regulations concerning period of stay, minimum wages as well as collective wage agreements. Entry, work and residence permits are granted at the discretion of the Government of Malta.










9.


MT: For modes (1) and (2) commitments, exchange control legislation allows a resident to transfer abroad annually for portfolio investment up to Lm 5 000 . Amounts in excess of Lm 5 000  are subject to exchange control permission.










10.


MT: Residents may borrow from overseas without the need to obtain exchange control approval if the borrowing is for a period exceeding three years. Such borrowings have however to be registered with the Central Bank.










11.


SI: The admission to the market of new financial services or products may be subject to the existence of, and consistency with, a regulatory framework aimed at achieving the objectives indicated in Article 2.(a) of the Annex on Financial Services.










12.


SI: As a general rule and in a non-discriminatory manner, financial institutions incorporated in the Republic of Slovenia must adopt a specific legal form.










13.


SI: Insurance and banking activities should be performed by legally separate suppliers of financial services.










14.


SI: Investment services can be provided only through banks and investment firms.






A.
   
Insurance and Insurance-Related Services








1.


EE: Compulsory social security services are not committed.










2.


LV: (i), (ii) (3): As a general rule and in non-discriminatory manner, foreign insurance institutions must adopt a specific legal form - joint-stock company. The right to establish foreign branches directly will be introduced by the 31 December 2002.










3.


LV: (iii) (3): Intermediary can be only natural person (no nationality requirement) and can provide service on behalf of insurance company having the authorisation from Insurance Supervisory Authority in Latvia.










4.


LT: All subsectors: Insurance companies are not allowed to provide both life and non-life insurance. Separate incorporation is required for those two types (a) and (b).














(i)


Direct insurance (including co-insurance):






(a)


life










(b)


non-life














(ii)


Reinsurance and retrocession










(iii)


Insurance intermediation, such as brokerage and agency
CY: Not committed.










(iv)


Services auxiliary to insurance, such as consultancy, actuarial, risk assessment and claim settlement services
CY: Not committed.
PL: Not committed.












1)


CY:





Life insurance

No insurer can offer life insurance services in the Republic of Cyprus unless licensed as an insurer by the Superintendent of Insurance, in accordance with the Insurance Companies Laws.

Non-life insurance

No insurer can offer non-life insurance services (except Marine, Aviation and Transit) in the Republic of Cyprus unless licensed as an insurer by the Superintendent of Insurance, in accordance with the Insurance Companies Laws.

Reinsurance and retrocession

Any foreign reinsurer approved by the Superintendent of Insurance (on prudential criteria) may offer reinsurance or retrocession services to insurance companies incorporated and licensed in Cyprus.
EE: None.
LV:

Life insurance, non-life insurance and insurance intermediation

Unbound.

Reinsurance and retrocession, and services auxiliary to insurance

None.
LT:

Life insurance, non-life insurance (except for maritime and aviation insurance), and insurance intermediation

Unbound.

Maritime and aviation insurance, reinsurance and retrocession and services auxiliary to insurance:

None.
MT:

Marine, aviation and transport insurance, reinsurance and retrocession, and insurance intermediation

None.

Life insurance, non-life insurance (except for marine, aviation and transport insurance), reinsurance and retrocession (except for marine, aviation and transport reinsurance), and services auxiliary to insurance

Unbound.
PL:
Unbound except for the reinsurance, the retrocession and insurance of goods in international trade.
SI:

Marine, aviation and transport insurance

Insurance activities provided by mutual insurance institutions are limited to incorporated companies established in the Republic of Slovenia.

Life insurance, non-life insurance (except marine, aviation and transport insurance), reinsurance and retrocession, insurance intermediation, and services auxiliary to insurance

Unbound.








1)


CY, EE, LV, LT:




None.
MT:

Life insurance, non-life insurance and reinsurance and retrocession

None.

Insurance intermediation and services auxiliary to insurance

Unbound.
PL:
Unbound except for the reinsurance, the retrocession and insurance of goods in international trade.
SI:

Marine, aviation and transport insurance, insurance intermediation, and services auxiliary to insurance

None.

Life insurance, non-life insurance (except marine, aviation and transport insurance), and reinsurance and retrocession

Unbound.


 




 








2)


CY, EE, LV, LT:




None.
MT:

Life insurance, non-life insurance, and reinsurance and retrocession

None.

Insurance intermediation and services auxiliary to insurance

Unbound.
PL:
Unbound except for the reinsurance, the retrocession and insurance of goods in international trade.
SI:

Marine, aviation and transport insurance

Insurance activities provided by mutual insurance institutions are limited to incorporated companies established in the Republic of Slovenia.

Life insurance and non-life insurance (except marine, aviation and transport insurance)

Unbound.

Reinsurance and retrocession

Reinsurance companies in the Republic of Slovenia have priority in the collection of insurance premiums.
In case that these companies are not able to equalise all risks, these can be reinsured and retroceded abroad. (None upon the adoption of the new law on Insurance Companies).

Insurance intermediation and services auxiliary to insurance

None.








2)


CY, EE, LV, LT:




None.
MT:

Life insurance, non-life insurance, and reinsurance and retrocession

None.

Insurance intermediation and services auxiliary to insurance

Unbound.
PL:
Unbound except for the reinsurance, the retrocession and insurance of goods in international trade.
SI:

Marine, aviation and transport insurance, reinsurance and retrocession, insurance intermediation, and services auxiliary to insurance

None.

Life insurance and non-life insurance (except marine, aviation and transport insurance)

Unbound.


 




 








3)


CY:





Life and non-life insurance

No insurer can operate in or from within the Republic of Cyprus unless so authorised by the Superintendent of Insurance, in accordance with the Insurance Companies Laws.
Foreign insurance companies can operate in the Republic of Cyprus through the establishment of a branch or an agency. The foreign insurer must have been authorised to operate in his country of origin before authorised to establish a branch or agency.
Participation of non-residents in insurance companies, incorporated in the Republic of Cyprus, requires the prior approval of the Central Bank. The extent of foreign participation is determined on a case by case basis in accordance with economic needs.

Reinsurance and retrocession

No company can operate as a reinsurer within the Republic of Cyprus unless so authorised by the Superintendent of Insurance.
Investment by non-residents in reinsurance companies requires the prior approval of the Central Bank. The share of foreign participation in the capital of local reinsurance companies is determined on a case-by-case basis. Currently there is no local reinsurance company.
EE, LV, LT:
None.
MT: May be made subject to economic needs test.
PL: Establishment only in a form of joint stock company after obtaining a licence – except for insurance intermediation services where horizontal measures apply. After 1 January 1999 or the date of entry into force of the Fifth Protocol, whichever is later, market access through licensed branches will be allowed.
A permit is required for the acquisition of shares or rights resulting from shares of any company which is shareholder of at least 15 % of shares of insurance company - this requirement ceases to apply as of 1 January 1999 or the date of entry into force of the Fifth Protocol, whichever is later. No more than 5 % of insurance funds can be invested abroad.
A person executing activities of the insurance intermediation must possess a licence. Local incorporation required for insurance intermediaries.
SI:

Life and non-life insurance

Establishment is subject to a licence issued by the Ministry of Finance. Foreign persons can establish an insurance company only as a joint venture with domestic person, where participation of foreign persons is limited up to 99 per cent.
The limitation on the maximum foreign ownership shall be abolished with the adoption of the new Law on Insurance Companies.
A foreign person may acquire or increase shares in a domestic insurance company subject to a prior approval of the Ministry of Finance.
Ministry of Finance, when issuing a licence or approval of acquiring shares in a domestic insurance company, takes into account the following criteria:






—


the dispersion of ownership of shares and the existence of shareholders from different countries;










—


the supply of new insurance products and the transfer of related know how, if the foreign investor is an insurance company.




Unbound for foreign participation in insurance company under privatisation.
Membership of the mutual insurance institution is limited to companies established in the Republic of Slovenia and domestic natural persons.

Reinsurance and retrocession

Foreign participation in reinsurance company is limited up to a controlling share of the capital. (None, except for branches, upon the adoption of the new law on Insurance Companies).

Insurance intermediation and services auxiliary to insurance

For providing consultancy and claim settlement services, incorporation is required as a legal entity by consent of the Bureau of insurance.
For actuaries and risk assessment activities provision of services through professional establishment only.
Operation is limited to activities referred under 7A(i) and (ii) of this Schedule.








3)


CY, LV, LT, MT, PL:




None.
EE:

Life and non-life insurance

None, except the management body of an insurance joint-stock company with foreign capital participation may include citizens of foreign countries in proportion to the foreign participation, but not more than half of the members of the management group; the head of the management of a subsidiary or an independent company must permanently reside in Estonia.

Reinsurance and retrocession, insurance intermediation and services auxiliary to insurance

None.
SI:

Life insurance, non-life insurance, and reinsurance and retrocession

None.

Insurance intermediation and services auxiliary to insurance

For sole proprietors a residence in the Republic of Slovenia is required.


 




 


4)   ICT and BV

CY:

Life and non-life insurance

Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.

Reinsurance and retrocession

Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section. Natural persons are not authorised to provide reinsurance services.
EE, LV, LT, MT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.
PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitation: Residency requirement for insurance intermediaries.
SI:

Life insurance, non-life insurance, and reinsurance and retrocession

Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.

Insurance intermediation and services auxiliary to insurance

Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and for actuarial and risk assessment residence is required in addition to a qualifying examination, membership in the Actuarial Association of the Republic of Slovenia and proficiency in the Slovenian language.


4)   ICT and BV

CY:

Life and non-life insurance

Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.

Reinsurance and retrocession

Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section. Natural persons are not authorised to provide reinsurance services.
EE, LT, MT, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.
LV, PL: None.


 




 



CSS

CY, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI: Unbound. For CY, natural persons are not authorised to provide reinsurance services



CSS

CY:Life and non-life insurance

Unbound.

Reinsurance and retrocession

Unbound. Natural persons are not authorised to provide reinsurance services.
LT, MT, PL, SI: Unbound.
EE: Unbound, except as provided in the horizontal section
LV: None


 






B.
   
Banking and Other Financial Services_
(excluding insurance)






1.


CY: It is a statutory requirement and it is applied on a non-discriminatory manner that banks offering services in the Republic of Cyprus must be legal entities. Legal entities include branches of foreign banks/financial institutions which are registered in Cyprus.










2.


CY: Direct or indirect ownership or voting rights in a bank by a person and his/her associates may not exceed 10 per cent unless with the prior written approval of the Central Bank.










3.


CY: Further to the above, in the three existing local banks listed in the stock exchange, direct or indirect shareholding or acquisition of stake in their capital by foreign persons is restricted to 0.5 per cent per individual or organisation and 6.0 per cent collectively.










4.


LV: Mode 4: Manager of a branch and a subsidiary of a foreign bank shall be a Latvian tax payer (resident). The commitments on presence of natural persons are bound according to general provisions applicable to all sectors in this list.










5.


LT: All subsectors: In mode 3, at least one manager must be Lithuanian citizen.














(v)


Acceptance of deposits and other repayable funds from the public










(vi)


Lending of all types, including consumer credit, mortgage credit, factoring and financing of commercial transaction










(vii)


Financial leasing
MT: Not committed.
PL: Not committed.










(viii)


All payment and money transmission services, including credit, charge and debit cards, travellers cheques and bankers drafts
MT: Not committed.










(ix)


Guarantees and commitments
MT: Not committed.
PL: Excluding guarantees and commitments of the State Treasury.










(x)


Trading for own account or for account of customers, whether on an exchange, in an over-the-counter market or otherwise, the following:






a)


money market instruments (including cheques, bills, certificates of deposits)










(b)


foreign exchange










(c)


derivative products including, but not limited to, futures and options










(d)


exchange rate and interest rate instruments, including products such as swaps, forward rate agreements










(e)


transferable securities










(f)


other negotiable instruments and financial assets, including bullion




CY: Committed only for (x) (b) and (e).
MT: Not committed.
PL: Only (x) (e) is committed.












1)


CY: Subsectors (v) to (ix) and (x) (b)





Unbound/only legal entities licensed by the Central Bank may offer banking services in the Republic of Cyprus.

Subsector (x) (e)

None except as indicated in the horizontal section.
EE: Acceptance of deposits and other repayable funds from the public

Requirement of authorisation by Eesti Pank and registration under Estonian Law as a joint-stock company, a subsidiary or a branch.
EE, LT:






—


The establishment of a specialised management company is required to perform the activities of management of unit trusts and investment companies (Articles 6 and 13 of UCITS Directive, 85/611/EEC).










—


Only firms having their registered office in the Community can act as depositories of the assets of investment funds (Articles 8.1 and 15.1 of the UCITS Directive, 85/611/EEC).




LV: Unbound, except for:

Subsectors (xi), (xv) and (xvi)

None.
LT: Pension fund management

Commercial presence required.
MT: Subsectors (v) and (vi)

None.

Subsector (xv)

Unbound, except for the provision of financial information by international providers.
PL: Unbound, except for:

Subsector (xv)

Requirement to use the public telecommunication network, or the network of other authorised operator, in the case of cross-border provision of these services.
SI: None for subsector (xv) and (xvi).
Unbound except accepting credits (borrowing of all types), and accepting guarantees and commitments from foreign credit institutions by domestic legal entities and sole proprietors. (Remark: consumer credits shall be free upon the adoption of the new Foreign Exchange Law).
All above mentioned credit arrangements must be registered with the Bank of Slovenia. (Remark: this provision shall be abolished upon the adoption of the new Law on Banking.)
Foreign persons can only offer foreign securities through domestic banks and stock broking company. Members of the Slovenian Stock Exchange must be incorporated in the Republic of Slovenia.








1)


CY: Unbound, except for:





Subsector (x) (e)

None except as indicated in the horizontal section.
EE, LV, LT, SI:
None.
MT: Subsectors (v) and (vi)

None.

Subsector (xv)

Unbound, except for the provision of financial information by international providers.
PL: Unbound, except for:

Subsector (xv)

None.


 










(xi)


Participation in issues of all kinds of securities, including underwriting and placement as agent (whether publicly or privately) and provision of services related to such issues
CY: Not committed.
MT: Not committed.
PL: Excluding participation in issues of Treasury papers.
SI: Excluding participation in issues of Treasury bonds.










(xii)


Money broking
CY: Not committed.
MT: Not committed.
PL: Not committed.










(xiii)


Asset management, such as cash or portfolio management, all forms of collective investment management, pension fund management, custodial, depository and trust services
CY: Not committed.
MT: Not committed.
PL: Only portfolio management services.
SI: Excluding pension fund management.










(xiv)


Settlement and clearing services for financial assets, including securities, derivative products, and other negotiable instruments
CY: Not committed.
MT: Not committed.
PL: Not committed.












2)


CY: Subsectors (v) to (ix) and (x) (b)





Unbound-Residents of Cyprus require permission from the Central Bank in conformity with the Exchange Control Law for borrowing in foreign currency or abroad, for placing funds abroad or for obtaining banking services that require export of funds.

Subsector (x) (e)

None except as indicated in the horizontal section.
EE, LV, LT:
None.
MT: Subsectors (v) and (vi)

None

Subsector (xv)

Unbound, except for the provision of financial information by international providers.
PL: Unbound, except for:

Subsector (xv)

Requirement to use the public telecommunication network, or the network of other authorised operator, in the case of consumption abroad of these services.
SI: None for subsectors (xv) and (xvi).
Unbound except accepting credits (borrowing of all types), and accepting guarantees and commitments from foreign credit institutions by domestic legal entities and sole proprietors. (Remark: consumer credits shall be free upon the adoption of the new Foreign Exchange Law).
All above mentioned credit arrangements must be registered with the Bank of Slovenia. (Remark: this provision shall be abolished upon the adoption of the new Law on Banking.)
Legal entities established in the Republic of Slovenia can be depositories of the assets of Investments Funds.








2)


CY: Unbound, except for:





Subsector (x) (e)

None except as indicated in the horizontal section.
EE, LV, LT, SI:
None.
MT: Subsectors (v) and (vi)

None.

Subsector (xv)

Unbound, except for the provision of financial information by international providers.
PL: Unbound, except for:

Subsector (xv)

None.


 










(xv)


Provision and transfer of financial information, and financial data processing and related software by suppliers of other financial services
CY: Not committed.










(xvi)


Advisory, intermediation and other auxiliary financial services on all the activities listed in subparagraphs (v) through (xv), including credit reference and analysis, investment and portfolio research and advice, advice on acquisitions and on corporate restructuring and strategy
CY: Not committed.
MT: Not committed.
PL: Advisory and other auxiliary financial services only in relation to the activities committed for Poland.
SI: Excluding advisory, intermediation and other auxiliary financial services related to participation in issues of Treasury and to pension fund management.












3)


EE, LV:










—


The establishment of a specialised management company is required to perform the activities of management of unit trusts and investment companies (Articles 6 and 13 of UCITS Directive, 85/611/EEC).










—


Only firms having their registered office in the Community can act as depositories of the assets of investment funds (Articles 8.1 and 15.1 of the UCITS Directive, 85/611/EEC).




CY: Subsectors (v) to (ix) and (x) (b)

For new banks the following requirements apply:






(a)


A licence is required from the Central Bank for the carrying out of banking business. The Central Bank in granting a licence may apply an economic needs test.










(b)


Branches of foreign banks must be registered in Cyprus under the Companies Law and licensed under the Banking Law.





Subsector (x) (e)

Only members (brokers) of the Cyprus Stock Exchange can undertake business pertaining to securities brokerage in Cyprus. Firms acting as brokers must only employ individuals who can act as brokers provided that they are appropriately licensed. Banks and Insurance companies may not undertake brokerage business. However their subsidiary brokerage firms may do so.
LV: Subsector (xi)

The Bank of Latvia (Central Bank) is a financial agent of the government in the T-bills market.

Subsector (xiii)

Pension fund management is provided by State monopoly.
LT: None, except as indicated in horizontal part of section “Banking and Other Financial Services”, and for:

Subsector (vii)

Financial leasing can be reserved for special financial institutions (such as banks and insurance companies). None as of 1 January 2001, except as indicated in horizontal part of section “Banking and Other Financial Services”.

Subsector (xiii)

Establishment only as Public Stock Corporations (AB) and Close Corporations (UAB) which should be founded in closed manner (when all initially issued stock are acquired by incorporators). For the purpose of asset management, the establishment of a specialised management company is required. Only firms having their registered office in Lithuania can act as the depositories of the assets. As indicated in horizontal part of section “Banking and Other Financial Services”.
MT: Unbound, except for:

Subsectors (v) and (vi)

Foreign-owned credit and other financial institutions may operate either in the form of a branch or a local subsidiary. Authorisation may be made subject to economic needs test.
PL: Subsectors (v), (vi), (viii) and (ix) (excluding guarantees and commitments of the State Treasury)

Establishment of a bank only in a form of joint-stock company. System of permits in relation to establishment of all banks based on prudential grounds. After 1 January 1999 or the date of entry into force of the Fifth Protocol, whichever is later, market access through licensed branches will be allowed. Nationality requirement for some – at least one – of the bank executives.

Subsectors (x) (e), (xi) (excluding participation in issues of Treasury papers), (xiii) (only portfolio management services) and (xvi) (advisory and other auxiliary financial services only in relation to the activities committed for Poland.)

Establishment, after obtaining a licence, only in a form of joint-stock company or a branch of foreign legal entity providing securities services.

Subsector (xv)

Requirement to use the public telecommunication network, or the network of other authorised operator, in the case of cross-border provision and/or consumption abroad of these services.
SI: None for subsectors (xv) and (xvi).
Establishment of all types of banks are subject to a licence of the Bank of Slovenia.








3)


CY: Subsectors (v) to (ix) and (x) (b)





None once established and licensed.

Subsector (x) (e)

A brokerage firm may only be registered as a member of the Cyprus Stock Exchange if it has been established and registered in accordance with the Companies Law of Cyprus.
EE, LV, LT, PL, SI: None.
MT: Unbound, except for:

Subsectors (v), (vi) and (xv)

None.


 




 


Foreign persons may become shareholders of banks or acquire additional shares of banks only subject to prior approval of the Bank of Slovenia. (Remark: this provision shall be abolished upon the adoption of the new Law on Banking.)
Under licence of the Bank of Slovenia, banks, subsidiaries and branches of foreign banks can be permitted to provide all or limited banking services, depending on the amount of the capital.
When considering issuing a licence to a bank to set up as a wholly-owned or with a majority of foreign investors or approval of acquiring additional shares of banks; the Bank of Slovenia shall take into account the following guidelines (58):






—


the existence of investors from different countries;










—


the opinion of the foreign institution in change of banking supervision.










—


(Remark: this provision shall be abolished on the adoption of the new Law on Banking.)






 


 




 


Unbound in relation to foreign participation in banks under privatisation.
Branches of foreign banks must be incorporated in the Republic of Slovenia and have legal personality.
(Remark: this provision shall be abolished upon the adoption of the new Law on Banking.) Unbound with respect to all types of mortgage banks, savings and loans institutions.
Unbound with respect to establishment of private pension funds (non-compulsory pension funds).
Management Companies are commercial companies established solely for the purpose of managing investment funds.
Foreign persons may directly or indirectly acquire a maximum up to 20 per cent of shares or voting rights of management companies; for a larger percentage an approval of the Securities Market Agency is required.
An Authorised (privatisation) Investment Company is an investment company established solely for the purpose of gathering the ownership certificates (vouchers) and the purchase of shares issued in accordance with regulations on ownership transformation. An Authorised Management Company is established solely for the purpose of managing the authorised investment companies.
Foreign persons may directly or indirectly acquire a maximum up to 10 per cent of shares or voting rights of Authorised (privatisation) Management Companies; for a larger percentage an approval of the Securities Market Agency is required with the consent of the Ministry of Economic Relations and Development.
Investments of the Investments Funds into securities of foreign issuers are limited to 10 per cent of the investments of the Investments Funds. Such securities shall be listed on those stock exchanges previously determined by the Securities Market Agency.
Foreign persons may become shareholders or partners in a Stock Broking Company up to 24 % of the capital of the Stock Broking Company by prior approval of the Securities Market Agency. (Remark: this provision shall be abolished upon the adoption of the new Law on Securities Market.)
Securities of a foreign issuer which have not yet been offered in the territory of the Republic of Slovenia may only be offered by a Stock Broking Company or a bank licensed to carry out such transactions. Prior to launching the offer the Stock Broking Company or a bank shall obtain the permission of Securities Market Agency.
The request for this permission to offer securities of a foreign issuer in the Republic of Slovenia shall be accompanied by draft prospectus, documentation that the guarantor of the issue of securities of the foreign issuer is a bank or a stock broking company, except in the case of the issue of shares of a foreign issuer.


 


 




 


4)   ICT and BV

CY: Subsectors (v) to (ix) and (x) (b): Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.

Subsector (x) (e): Individuals, whether acting alone as brokers or employed by broker firms as brokers, are required to meet the licensing criteria for this purpose.
EE, LT, MT, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.
LV: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and in the horizontal section of the sector “Banking and Other Financial Services”.
PL: Subsectors (v), (vi), (viii) and (ix): Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section. Nationality requirement for some – at least one – of the bank executives.

Subsectors (x) (e), (xi), (xiii), (xv), (xvi): Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.


4)   ICT and BV

CY: Subsectors (v) to (ix) and (x) (b): Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section. For bank foreign employees residence and work permit required.

Subsector (x) (e): Unbound
EE, LT, MT, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.
LV: None except as indicated in the horizontal section and in the horizontal section of the sector “Banking and Other Financial Services”.
PL: None.


 




 



CSS

EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI: Unbound.
CY: Subsectors (v) to (ix) and (x) (b): Unbound

Subsector (x) (e): Unbound. Individuals, whether acting alone as brokers or employed by broker firms as brokers, are required to meet the licensing criteria for this purpose.



CSS

LT, MT, PL, SI: Unbound.
EE: Unbound, except as provided in the horizontal section
LV: None except as indicated in the horizontal section and in the horizontal section of the sector “Banking and Other Financial Services”.
CY: Subsectors (v) to (ix) and (x) (b): Unbound. For bank foreign employees residence and work permit required.

Subsector (x) (e): Unbound


 










8.


HEALTH SERVICES AND SOCIAL SERVICES






 


 


 












A.





Hospital Services







 


 


 




(all Member States except LV, PL and SI: CPC 9311. LV, PL and SI: only Private hospital and sanatorium services-CPC 9311)








1)


All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: None












1)


All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: None






 










2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, MT, SE, SK: None
CY, CZ, FI, MT, SE, SK: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, MT, SE, SK, SI: None
CY, CZ, FI, MT, SE, SK: Unbound
SI: Subject to authorization by Institute for Health Insurance of the Republic of Slovenia ("Zavod za zdravstveno zavarovanje").






 




 








3)


All Member States except AT, BE, CY, CZ, ES, FR, FI, IT, LU, MT, LT, LV, NL, PT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, FI, MT, SE, SK: Unbound.
AT: Limitation of the number of beds; authorization required according to the national health-service plan is based on the criteria of need; when authorizing the establishment of hospitals due consideration on a case-by-case basis is taken of the density of population, existing facilities, traffic infrastructure, topographical conditions and the distance between hospitals.
BE: The number of beds and use of heavy medical equipment is limited on the basis of a health plan. The needs test is in function of the degree of specialization, their capacity and equipment. The criteria are fixed, arithmetical rules or formulae designed to calculate the needs in function of the population, age scale, death rate and geographical spread
ES: Prior authorization is required by the "Comunidades Autónomas" based on an economic needs test taking into account the population and already existing health services in the given health regions.
FR, IT, LU: The number of beds authorized is limited by a health services plan established on the basis of needs.FR, IT, LU, PT: Equipment of heavy material is limited by a health services plan established on the basis of needs.
FR, IT, LU, PT: Equipment of heavy material is limited by a health services plan established on the basis of needs.
IT: Private health and sanitary services need authorization by local health authorities. Criteria are based on a ratio in function of population.
NL: Quantitative economic needs test fixed by a health plan allowing for a maximum number of beds related to the population of each health region.
LV: The head, or his deputy, of the health facility should be qualified as a medical doctor. All the limitations pertaining to medical, and dental services, as well as services of midwives and nurses are applicable. Private hospital services need authorization by local health authorities. The number of beds and use of heavy medical equipment is based on the needs of population, age scale and death rate.
LT: None, except authorization by health authorities is required which is based on a health services plan established in function of needs, taking into account the population and already existing health services.
PL: Head, or his deputy, of the health facility should meet qualifications of medical doctor. All the limitations pertaining to medical, and dental services, as well as services of midwives, nurses are applicable.
SI: Authorization by health authorities; when authorizing the establishment of hospitals due consideration on a case-by-case basis is taken of the density of population, existing facilities, transport infrastructure, specialization and the distance between hospitals. Entry into public Health network is subject to concession from Institute for Health Insurance of the Republic of Slovenia.












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, FI, LT, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, FI, MT, SE, SK: Unbound.
EE: None except professionals trained outside Estonia are required to present a certificate of auxiliary training courses of Tartu University. This requirement also applies to Estonian nationals trained abroad.
LT: None, except foreign private establishment and their consumers may not be entitled to receive financial support from public resources, including usage of public medical insurance funds.
PL: Foreign private establishment and their service consumers may not be entitled to receive financial support from public resources.
SI: Foreign private establishment and their service consumers may not be entitled to receive financial support from public resources including usage of public medical insurance programmes.






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, MT, SE, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


EL: Condition of nationality for public hospitals.
FR: Access to management functions is subject to prior authorization. In granting the authorization conditions such as professional experience and skills, availability of local managers and degree of specialization required, are taken into consideration.
LV: The head, or his deputy, of the health facility should be qualified as a medical doctor. All the limitations pertaining to medical, and dental services, as well as services of midwives and nurses are applicable.
PL: Head, or his deputy, of the health facility should meet qualifications of medical doctor. All the limitations pertaining to medical, and dental services, as well as services of midwives, nurses are applicable.




CY, CZ, FI, MT, SE, SK: Unbound.


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, LV, MT, PL, SE, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section:






 


LV, PL: None
CY, CZ, FI, MT, SE, SK: Unbound.






 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 












B.





Other human health services





(AT and SI: provided though residential health facilities like health resort hotels and therapeutic bath services - CPC 93193. EE: CPC 9319 other than 93191)








1)


All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: None












1)


All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: None






 










2) 3)


All Member States except AT, EE,HU, SI: Unbound
AT, EE, HU, SI: None












2)


All Member States except AT, EE,HU, SI: Unbound
AT, EE, HU, SI: None






 




 








3)


All Member States except AT, EE,HU, SI: Unbound
AT, HU, SI: None
EE: None except professionals trained outside Estonia are required to present a certificate of auxiliary training courses of Tartu University. This requirement also applies to Estonian nationals trained abroad.






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, EE, HU, SI: Unbound.
AT, EE, HU, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, EE, HU, SI: Unbound.
AT, EE, HU, SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


 












C.





Social Services





(All Member States except AT, EE, LT and LV: Only Convalescent and Rest Houses, Old People’s Homes. AT and EE: all CPC 933. LT: only privately funded-part of CPC 933)








1)


All Member States except LT and LV: Unbound
LT, LV: None












1)


All Member States except LT and LV: Unbound
LT, LV: None






 










2)


All Member States except CZ, FI, HU, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
CZ, FI, HU, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CZ, FI, HU, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
CZ, FI, HU, MT, PL,, SE, SI, SK: Unbound






 










3)


All Member States except CZ, FR, FI, HU, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
FR: Provision of services is permitted by the competent authorities according to local needs.
CZ, FI, HU, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CZ, EE, FI, HU, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
EE: None except professionals trained outside Estonia are required to present a certificate of auxiliary training courses of Tartu University. This requirement also applies to Estonian nationals trained abroad.
CZ, FI, HU, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CZ, FI, HU, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: commercial presence required
FR: Access to management function is subject to prior authorisation. In granting the authorisation conditions such as professional experience and skills, availability of local managers and degree of specialisation required, are taken into consideration.




CZ, FI, HU, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CZ, FI, HU, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section:
LV: None
CZ, FI, HU, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound.


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 












D.





Other (health related services)













1)


All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: None












1)


All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: None






 




 








2)


All Member States except EE, HU: Unbound
EE, HU: None












2)


All Member States except EE, HU: Unbound
EE, HU: None






 




 








3)


All Member States except EE, HU: UnboundEE, HU: None












3)


All Member States except EE, HU: Unbound
EE: None except professionals trained outside Estonia are required to present a certificate of auxiliary training courses of Tartu University. This requirement also applies to Estonian nationals trained abroad.
HU: None






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.


 










9.


TOURISM AND TRAVEL RELATED SERVICES






 


 


 












A.





Hotels, Restaurants and Catering





(CPC 641, 642, 643)
(excluding catering in transport services sector except in AT, HU, FI, SE)
(CZ, PL: Hotels and Restaurants CPC 641 – 642)








1)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except for catering: None
EE, FI, HU: None
AT, CY, CZ, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound












1)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound except for catering: None
EE, FI, HU, SE: None
AT, CY, CZ, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound






 










2)


All Member States except CY: None
CY: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY: None
CY: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, ES, EL, IT, LT, PT, SI: None
ES, EL, PT: Authorization can be denied in order to protect areas of particular historic and artistic interest.
IT: Economics needs tests applied on a national treatment basis on bars, cafes and restaurants. The economics needs test, when applied, sets a limit on the number of service providers. Main criteria: the number of and impact on existing service providers, population density, geographic spread, impact on traffic conditions and creation of new employment.
LT: Limitations on access to establish a commercial presence in environmental protected zones
SI: None other than location in the protected areas of particular historic and artistic interest and within national or landscape parks is subject to authorization which can be denied.
CY: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY: None
CY: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, MT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


FR: Cafés and bars: condition of nationality.




CY, MT: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
FI, LV, PL: None
CY, MT: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 












B.





Travel Agencies and Tour Operators Services





(All Member States except CZ, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SI, SK: including tour managers) (CPC 7471)








1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, HU, MT, SK: Unbound
PL, SI: Commercial presence required SE: Requirement of establishment.












1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, MT, PL, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, MT, SK: Unbound
PL, SI: Commercial presence required






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, PL: None
PL: Commercial presence required
CY: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, PL: None
PL: Commercial presence required
CY: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except BE, CY, FI, IT, PT,SE: None
BE: Authorization for non-EC incorporatedcompanies to act as travel agencies is possibleonly if the company has a permanent base inBelgium (siège d’opérations permanent) and ifthe person directing the daily operations (or theperson asking for the authorization) is an ECnational.
FI: Licence of the National Consumer Administration is required. Licence may be granted only to Finnish citizens and Finnish registered organizations.
IT: Economic needs test.
PT: Requirement of constitution of a commercial company having its corporate base in Portugal.
SE: Requirement of establishment.
CY: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY: None
CY: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


EL: Access limited to two persons per entity.
FI: Licence of the National Consumer Administration is required. Licence may be granted only to Finnish citizens and Finnish registered organizations.
SI: Commercial presence required




CY: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, LV, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section, and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


SI: Commercial presence required




FI, LV, PL: None
CY: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States except AT, BE, DE, DK, FI, IT, IE, SE: Unbound.
AT, BE, DE, DK, IT, FI, IE, SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT, BE, DE, DK, FI, IT, IE, SE: Unbound except for tour managers (persons whose function is to accompany a tour group of a minimum of 10 persons, without acting as guides in specific locations) where for AT, BE, DE, DK, IT, IE, SE: professional certificate and three years’ professional experience.
IT: Compliance with an economic needs test is required







CSS

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound
LV: None


 












C.





Tourist Guides Services





(CPC 7472)








1)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, HU, IT, LT, MT, PL, PT, SK, SI: None
AT, CY, CZ, HU, IT, LT, MT, PL, PT, SK, SI: Unbound.












1)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
AT, CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SK, SI: Unbound






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI: None
CY, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI: None
CY, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI: None
CY, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI: None
CY, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


ES, IT: The right to exercise the profession is reserved for the local organisations of tourist guides.
EL, ES, FR, IT, PT: Access to the activity is subject to condition of nationality.




CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound
FI, LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 












D.





Other













1)


All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None












1)


All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None






 




 








2)


All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None












2)


All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None






 




 








3)


All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None












3)


All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound


All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None


 










10.


RECREATIONAL, CULTURAL AND SPORTING SERVICES






 


 


 




(other than Audio-visual Services)


 


 


 












A.





Entertainment Services





(including Theatre, Live Bands and Circus Services)(CPC 9619)
EE: only includes (a) CPC 9619 except CPC 96199, and (b) cinema theatre services (part of CPC 96199)
LV: only includes cinema theatre operation services (part of CPC 96199)








1)


All Member States except AT, SE: Unbound
AT, SE: None












1)


All Member States except AT, HU, SE: Unbound
AT, HU, SE: None






 










2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, FI, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound
LT: Unbound except for cinema theatre operation services (part of CPC 96199)












2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, FI, LT, LV, MT, PL, SI, SK: None
EE: Unbound for cinema theatre operation services (part of CPC 96199)
CY, CZ, FI, LV, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound






 










3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, FI, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: None.
CY, CZ, FI, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound
EE: Unbound except for cinema theatre operation services (part of CPC 96199) LT: None, except prohibition to establish and maintain gambling houses, to organise gambling games (59).












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, FR, FI, IT, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, FI, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound.
EE: Unbound except for cinema theatre operation services (part of CPC 96199). For cinema theatre operation services (part of CPC 96199): None except for access to subsidies, Unbound.






 




 


 


FR, IT: Unbound for subsidies and any other forms of direct and indirect support.
LV: None except for access to subsidies: Unbound.
LT: None, except:






(a)


as indicated under market access (also exception indicated in Part I regarding prohibition of foreign investments to lotteries); and










(b)


Unbound for subsidies as regards cinema operation theatre (part of CPC 96199)
SE: Targeted financial support to specific local, regional or national activities.






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


FR: Access to management functions is subject to authorisation by the competent authorities. Condition of nationality for managers of entertainment enterprise if authorisation for more than two years is required.
IT: Economic needs test.




CY, CZ, FI, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, FI, LT, LV, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.
CY, CZ, FI, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound
LV: None.
EE, LT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section. None for cinema theatre operation services (part of CPC 96199).


 




 



CSS

All Member States except AT, FR: Unbound
AT, FR: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


AT: Access is limited to persons whose main professional activity is in the field of fine arts, deriving the major part of their income from that activity. such persons shall not exercise any other commercial activity in Austria.
FR:






—


The artists have obtained an employment contract from an authorised entertainment enterprise.










—


The work permit is delivered for a period not exceeding nine months renewable for a duration of three months.










—


Compliance with an Economic Need Test is required.










—


The entertainment enterprise must pay a tax to the International Migration Office.











CSS

All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, CZ, HU, MT, LT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section. None for cinema theatre operation services (part of CPC 96199).
LV: None


 












B.





News and Press Agency Services





(CPC 962)








1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound












1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
SE: Residency requirements for publisher and owner of publishing or printing company.
CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, FR, IT, HU, LT, MT, PT, PL, SI, SK: None
FR: Foreign participation in companies publishing publications in the French language may not exceed 20 per cent of the capital or of voting rights in the company. Press agencies: Unbound.
IT: Special anti-concentration rules operate in the daily press and broadcasting sectors, specific limits are fixed to multimedia ownership. Foreign companies may not control publishing or broadcasting companies: foreign equity participation limited to 49 per cent.
PT: Foreign participation, whether by natural or juridical persons, in the capital of publishing companies, including newspapers, is limited to 10 per cent, without voting rights. News companies, incorporated in Portugal in juridical form of "Sociedade Anónima", must have the social capital in the form of nominal stock.
CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
SE: Residency requirements for publisher and owner of publishing or printing company.
CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


PT: Nationality requirement for administrators and managers.




CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following limitations:






 


SE: Residency requirements for publisher and owner of publishing or printing company.




CY, CZ, HU, LT, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound
FI, LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 












C.





Libraries, archives, museums and other cultural services

(CPC 963)












1)


All Member States except AT: Unbound
AT: None












1)


All Member States except AT: Unbound
AT: None






 




 








2)


All Member States except AT, EE: Unbound
AT, EE: None












2)


All Member States except AT, EE: Unbound
AT, EE: None






 




 








3)


All Member States except AT, LT: Unbound
AT: None
LT: Licences for researching, reservation and restoration of the immovable cultural values, for preparation of the conditions, programmes and projects of such works, for preservation and restoration of movable cultural values are necessary.












3)


All Member States except AT, LT: Unbound AT: None
LT: None except as under market access.






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except in AT, EE: Unbound
AT, EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except in AT, EE, LT: Unbound
AT, EE, LT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


 












D.





Sporting and Other Recreational Services





(All Member States except AT, FI, HU, LT, SE and SI: CPC 9641, 96491, excluding gambling and betting services.
AT: CPC 964 excluding ski school services and mountain guide services, gambling and betting services.
FI: CPC 964, except as regards i.e. gambling, coin machines and like activities.
LT: (CPC 964) (except CPC 96492 – gambling and betting services)
SE: CPC 964 except for gambling activities.
SI: CPC 9641, 96491, other than ski school services, ski and mountain guide services, gambling and betting services)








1)


All Member States except for CY, CZ, EE, LV, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, EE, LV, MT, PL, SK: Unbound












1)


All Member States except for CY, CZ, EE, LV, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, EE, LV, MT, PL, SK: Unbound






 










2)


All Member States except CZ, LV, MT, PL, SK: None
CZ, LV, MT, PL, SK: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CZ, LV, MT, PL, SK: None
CZ, LV, MT, PL, SK: Unbound






 










3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, LV, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, EE, LV, MT, PL, SK: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, LV, MT, PL, SE, SK: None
SE: Targeted financial support to specific local, regional or national activities CY, CZ, EE, LV, MT, PL, SK: Unbound






 




4)   ICT and BV

All Member Stated except CY, CZ, LV, MT, PL, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


IT: Economic needs test.




CY, CZ, LV, MT, PL, SK: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, LV, MT, PL, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
FI: None
CY, CZ, LV, MT, PL, SK: Unbound


 





CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


 










11.


TRANSPORT SERVICES






 


 


 












A.





Maritime transport services





MT: excluding cabotage transport






(a)


Passenger transportation (CPC 7211);










(b)


Freight transportation (CPC 7212).












1)


All Member States except LV, MT: Unbound.
LV, MT: None












1)


All Member States except LV, MT: Unbound.
LV, MT: None






 










2)


All Member States except LV, MT: Unbound.
LV, MT: None












2)


All Member States except LV, MT: Unbound.
LV, MT: None






 










3)


All Member States except LV, MT: Unbound.
LV, MT: None












3)


All Member States except LV, MT: Unbound.
LV, MT: None






 




4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except LV, MT: Unbound.
LV, MT: Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except LV, MT: Unbound.
LV: None
MT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound.



CSS

All Member States except LV: Unbound.
LV: None


 










(d)


Maintenance and repair of vessels (part of CPC 8868)












1)


All Member States except EE, HU, LV: Unbound.
EE, HU, LV: None












1)


All Member States except EE, HU, LV: Unbound.
EE, HU, LV: None






 




 








2)


All Member States except EE, HU, LV, SI: Unbound.
EE, HU, LV, SI: None












2)


All Member States except EE, HU, LV, SI: Unbound.
EE, HU, LV, SI: None






 




 








3)


All Member States except EE, HU, LV and SI: Unbound.
EE, HU, LV, SI: None












3)


All Member States except EE, HU, LV, SI: Unbound.
EE, HU, LV, SI: None






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except EE, HU, LV, SI: Unbound.
EE, HU, LV, SI: Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except EE, HU, LV, SI: Unbound.
EE, HU, SI: Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 










(e)


Pushing and towing services (CPC 7214)












1)


All Member States except LV, LT: Unbound.
LV, LT: None












1)


All Member States except LV, LT: Unbound.
LV, LT: None






 




 








2)


All Member States except LV, LT: Unbound.
LV, LT: None












2)


All Member States except LV, LT: Unbound.
LV, LT: None






 




 








3)


All Member States except LV: Unbound.
LV: None.












3)


All Member States except LV: Unbound.
LV: None.






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except LV, LT: Unbound.
LV, LT: Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except LV, LT: Unbound.
LT: Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound.



CSS

All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None


 










(f)


Supporting services for maritime transport, except for LT, where:






 


Supporting services for maritime transport Ship agency services (Part of 7480)
















1)


All Member States except LV, LT: Unbound.
LV, LT: None












1)


All Member States except LV, LT: Unbound.
LV, LT: None






 










2)


All Member States except LV, LT: Unbound.
LV, LT: None












2)


All Member States except LV, LT: Unbound.
LV, LT: None






 










3)


All Member States except LV, LT: Unbound.
LV: None.
LT: In order to obtain a licence to establish a commercial presence a manager must speak the Lithuanian language












3)


All Member States except LV, LT: Unbound.
LV, LT: None.






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except LV, LT: Unbound.
LV, LT: Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except LV, LT: Unbound
LT: Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound.



CSS

All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None


 












B.





Internal Waterways Transport











a)


Passenger transportation (CPC 7221)












1)


All Member States: Unbound












1)


All Member States: Unbound






 




 








2)


All Member States except CZ, LV, SK: Unbound.
CZ, LV, SK: None












2)


All Member States except CZ, LV, SK: Unbound.
CZ, LV, SK: None






 




 








3)


All Member States except LV: Unbound.
LV: None












3)


All Member States except LV: Unbound.
LV: None






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CZ, LV, SK: Unbound.
CZ, LV, SK: Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CZ, LV, SK: Unbound.
CZ, SK: Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except LV: Unbound.
LV: None


 










b)


Freight transportation (CPC 7222)












1)


All Member States: Unbound












1)


All Member States: Unbound






 




 








2)


All Member States except CZ, LV, SK: Unbound.
CZ, LV, SK: None












2)


All Member States except CZ, LV, SK: Unbound.
CZ, LV, SK: None






 




 








3)


All Member States except LV: Unbound.
LV: None












3)


All Member States except LV: Unbound.
LV: None






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CZ, LV, SK: Unbound.
CZ, LV, SK: Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CZ, LV, SK: Unbound.
CZ, SK: Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States except LV: Unbound.



CSS

All Member States: Unbound
LV: None


 










d)


Maintenance and repair of vessels (part of CPC 8868)












1)


All Member States except HU: Unbound,
HU: None












1)


All Member States except HU: Unbound,
HU: None






 




 








2)


All Member States except CZ, HU, LV, SK: Unbound.
CZ, HU, LV, SK: None












2)


All Member States except CZ, HU, LV, SK: Unbound.
CZ, HU, LV, SK: None






 




 








3)


All Member States except HU, LV: Unbound.
HU, LV: None












3)


All Member States except HU, LV: Unbound.
HU, LV: None






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CZ, HU, LV, SK: Unbound.
CZ, HU, LV, SK: Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CZ, HU, LV, SK: Unbound.
CZ, HU, SK: Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except LV: Unbound.
LV: None


 










e)


Pushing and towing services (CPC 7224)












1)


All Member States: Unbound












1)


All Member States: Unbound






 




 








2)


All Member States except CZ, LV, SK: Unbound.
CZ, LV, SK: None












2)


All Member States except CZ, LV, SK: Unbound.
CZ, LV, SK: None






 




 








3)


All Member States except LV: Unbound.
LV: None












3)


All Member States except LV: Unbound.
LV: None






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CZ, LV, SK: Unbound.
CZ, LV, SK: Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CZ, LV, SK: Unbound.
CZ, SK: Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except LV: Unbound.
LV: None


 










f)


Supporitng services for internal waterways (part of CPC 745)












1)


All Member States: Unbound












1)


All Member States: Unbound






 




 








2)


All Member States except CZ, LV, SK: Unbound.
CZ, LV, SK: None












2)


All Member States except CZ, LV, SK: Unbound.
CZ, LV, SK: None






 




 








3)


All Member States except LV: Unbound.
LV: None












3)


All Member States except LV: Unbound.
LV: None






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CZ, LV, SK: Unbound.
CZ, LV, SK: Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CZ, LV, SK: Unbound.
CZ, SK: Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except LV: Unbound.
LV: None


 












C.





Air Transport Services











c)


Rental of aircraft with crew(CPC 734)












1) 2)


All Member States except PL: Unbound
PL: None except that aircraft used by Community air carriers have to be registered in the Member State licensing the air carrier or elsewhere in the Community. Waivers can be granted for short term lease contracts or under exceptional circumstances.












1) 2) 3)


All Member States except PL: Unbound
PL: None






 




 








3)


All Member States except PL: Unbound
PL: None except that aircraft used by Community carriers have to be registered in the aircraft register of that Member State, the aircraft must be owned either by natural persons meeting specific nationality criteria or by juridical persons meeting specific regarding ownership of capital and control (including nationality of directors).






 


 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except PL: Unbound
PL: Unbound except for horizontal measures


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except PL: Unbound
PL: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States: Unbound


 










d)


Maintenance and Repair of Aircraft and parts thereof (part of CPC 8868)












1)


All Member States except AT, EE, HU, LV, PL: Unbound.
AT, EE, HU, LV, PL: None












1)


All Member States except AT, EE, HU, LV, PL: Unbound.
AT, EE, HU, LV, PL: None






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, MT: None
CY and MT: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, MT: None
CY and MT: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, MT, SK: None
CY, MT: Unbound CZ: Corporate seat required in the Czech Republic
SK: Corporate seat is required in the Slovak Republic












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, MT, SK: None
CY, MT: Unbound
CZ: Corporate seat required in the Czech Republic
SK: Corporate seat is required in the Slovak Republic






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, MT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, MT: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, LV, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
FI, LV, PL: None
CY, MT: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 




Sales and Marketing








1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK. None
CY, CZ, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK.: Unbound












1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK:
For distribution through CRS of air transport services provided by CRS parent carrier: Unbound.
CY, CZ, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK: Unbound






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL: None.
CY, HU, LV, LT, MT and PL: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL: None
CY, HU, LV, LT, MT and PL: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK: For distribution through CRS of air transport services provided by CRS parent carrier: Unbound.
CY, CZ, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
FI: None
CY, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


 




Computer Reservations System
For HU only: computer reservations systems (as defined in paragraph 6(c) of the Annex on Air Transport Services.








1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK.: None
CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL and SK.: Unbound












1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK: For obligations of parent or participating carriers in respect of a CRS controlled by an air carrier of one or more third countries: Unbound.
CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK.: Unbound






 




 








2)


All Member States except CY, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL: None
CY, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL: None
CY, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL and SK.: For obligations of parent or participating carriers in respect of a CRS controlled by an air carrier of one or more third countries: Unbound.
CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL, SK: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.
CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, FI, LV, LT, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, CZ, EE, LV, LT, MT, PL: Unbound
FI: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States: Unbound


 












E.





Rail Transport Services











a)


Passenger transportation












1)


All Member States: Unbound












1) 2) 3)


All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: None






 




 








2)


All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: None






 


 




 








3)


All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: Services may be provided through a Contract of Concession granted by the state or the local authority






 


 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: Unbound except as indicated in horizontal section.


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: Unbound except as indicated in horizontal section.


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States: Unbound


 










b)


Freight transportation












1)


All Member States: Unbound












1) 2) 3)


All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: None






 




 








2)


All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: None






 


 




 








3)


All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: Services may be provided through a Contract of Concession granted by the state or the local authority






 


 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: Unbound except as indicated in horizontal section.


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: Unbound except as indicated in horizontal section.


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States: Unbound


 










d)


Maintenance and Repair of Rail Transport Equipment
(part of CPC 8868)












1)


All Member States except EE, HU: Unbound
EE, HU: None












1)


All Member States except EE, HU: Unbound
EE, HU: None






 




 








2)


All Member States except AT, CY, MT, LV, PL: None
AT, CY, MT, LV, PL: Unbound












2)


All Member States except AT, CY, MT, LV, PL: None
AT, CY, MT, LV, PL: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, LV, MT, PL, SE, SK: None
AT, CY, CZ, LV, MT, PL, SK: Unbound
SE: Operators allowed to establish and maintain their own terminal infrastructure facilities, subject to space and capacity constraints (60)













3)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, LV, MT, PL, SK: None
AT, CY, CZ, LV, MT, PL, SK: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CY, MT, LV, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
AT, CY, LV, MT, PL: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CY, FI, MT, LV, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
AT, CY, LV, MT, PL: Unbound
FI: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


 










e)


Supporting services for rail transport services Rail freight agency and forwarding services (CPC part of 7480)












1)


All Member States: Unbound










2)


All Member States except LT: Unbound
LT: None












1)


All Member States: Unbound










2)


All Member States except LT: Unbound
LT: None






 




 








3)


All Member States except LT: Unbound
LT: None












3)


All Member States except LT: Unbound
LT: None






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except LT: Unbound
LT: Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except LT: Unbound
LT: Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States: Unbound


 












F.





Road Transport Services











a)


Passenger Transportation All Member States except FI, LV, LT: CPC 71213 and 7122.
FI: CPC 71213, 71222 and 71223.
LV: CPC 71213, 71222, 71223.
LT: CPC 7121, 7122).
For LV, LT and SE: cabotage excluded.












1)


All Member States: Unbound










2)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound












1)


All Member States: Unbound










2)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, PL, SK, SI: None
AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except AT, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: for transport within a Member State (cabotage), by a carrier established outside that Member State: Unbound except for rental of non-scheduled services of buses with operator (71223) (61) where no limitation will apply as from 1996.
AT, CZ, EE, HU, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound
FI: Authorisation required, not extended to foreign registered vehicles
LT: None
LV: Authorization required (licence), not extended to foreign registered vehicles.
SE: Authorization required for commercial land transport service operations. Authorization is based on the applicants financial situation, experience and capability to supply the services. Limitations on the use of leased vehicles for such operations.






—


For 7122:
ES: Economic needs test.










—


For 71221 (taxi services):
All Member States except those which are unbound and except FI, LT, LV, SE: economic needs test (62), plus:
DK: Access for natural persons only, and local establishment requirement.
IT: Access for natural persons only.
















3)


All Member States except AT, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LV, LT, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound for transport within a Member State (cabotage), by a carrier established outside that Member State.
AT, CZ, EE, HU, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound
FI, LT: None
LV, SE: Requirement on established entities to use vehicles with national registration.






 




 








—


For 71222 (limousine services):
DK: Access for natural persons only, and local establishment requirement.
FI: Authorisation required, not extended to foreign registered vehicles.
IT: Access for natural persons only, and economic needs test.
LV: Authorization required (licence), not extended to foreign registered vehicles.
PT: Economic needs test.










—


For 71213 (Intercity bussing services): (63)

IT, ES, IE: Economic needs test.
FR: Unbound.
FI: Authorisation required, not extended to foreign registered vehicles.
DK: Economic needs test and residence and citizenship requirement for the manager.
LV: Authorization required (licence and special permit), not extended to foreign registered vehicles.
PT: Access through incorporation only.










—


For 71223:
FI: Authorisation required, not extended to foreign registered vehicles.
LV: Authorization required (licence), not extended to foreign registered vehicles.






 


 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


DK: Citizenship requirement for managers.










 


PT: Nationality requirement for specialist personnel.




AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, MT, LV, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






 


DK: Residence requirement for managers.




AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, LV PL, SI, SK: Unbound
FI: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States: Unbound


 










b)


Freight Transportation (CPC 7123. LV, LT and SE: cabotage excluded)












1)


All Member States: Unbound












1)


All Member States: Unbound






 










2)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, PL, SI, SK: None
AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound












2)


All Member States except AT, CZ, EE, HU, MT, PL SI, SK: None
AT, CZ, EE, HU, MT, PL SI, SK: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, ES, EE, FI, HU, MT, LV, LT, PL, SE, SI and SK: Unbound for transport within a Member State by a carrier established in another Member State, plus:






 


IT: For transport within the country, licensing subject to an economic needs test.




AT, CY, CZ, ES, EE, HU, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound.
FI: Authorisation required, not extended to foreign registered vehicles.
LV: Authorization required (licence), not extended to foreign registered vehicles.
LT: None
SE: Authorization required for commercial land transport service operations. Authorization is based on the applicants financial situation, experience and capability to supply the services. Limitations on the use of leased vehicles for such operations.












3)


All Member States except AT, CZ, ES, EE, FI, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound for transport within a Member State by a carrier established in another Member State.
FI, LT: None
AT, CZ, ES, EE, HU, MT, PL SI, SK: Unbound.
LV, SE: Requirement on established utilities to use vehicles with national registration.






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, PL, SK and SI: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, MT, PL, SK and SI: Unbound

CSS

All Member States: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LV, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LV, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound
FI: None

CSS

All Member States: Unbound


 




International Truck transport services








1)


All Member States: Unbound












1)


All Member States: Unbound






 




 








2) 3)


All Member States except EE: Unbound EE: None












2) 3)


All Member States except EE: Unbound EE: None






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except EE: Unbound
EE: Unbound, except as provided for in the horizontal section


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except EE: Unbound
EE: Unbound, except as provided for in the horizontal section


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE: Unbound
EE: Unbound, except as provided for in the horizontal section


 










d)


Maintenance and Repair of Road Transport Equipment
(All Member States except AT, CZ, EE, FI, HU, SK and SI: CPC 6112.
AT, CZ, EE HU and SK: 6112+8867.
FI 6112 and parts of 88SI: part of CPC 6112)












1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SK: None
CY, CZ, FI, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SK: Unbound












1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SK: None
CY, CZ, FI, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SK: Unbound






 










2)


All Member States except CY, LT, MT, PL: None
CY, LT, MT, PL: Unbound












2)


All Member States except CY, LT, MT, PL: None
CY, LT, MT, PL: Unbound






 










3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, LT, LV, MT,PL, SE, SK: None
LV: Authorisation required - Licence.
SE: Operators allowed to establish and maintain their own terminal infrastructure facilities, subject to space and capacity constraints.
CY, CZ, LT, MT, PL, SK: Unbound












3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, LT, MT, PL, SK: None
CY, CZ, LT, MT, PL, SK: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, LT, MT, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, LT, MT, PL: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, FI, LT, MT, LV, PL: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
FI, LV: None
CY, LT, MT, PL: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 










(e)


Supporting services for road transport equipment
(For LV only: CPC 7441, CPC 7449)












1)


All Member States: Unbound












1)


All Member States: Unbound






 










2)


All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None












2)


All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None






 










3)


All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: Authorization required (agreement with bus station, licence).












3)


All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except LV: Unbound
LV: None


 












G.





Pipeline Transport





LT: CPC 713








1)


All Member States: Unbound












1)


All Member States except HU: Unbound
HU: None






 




 








2)


All Member States except HU, LT: Unbound
HU, LT: None












2)


All Member States except HU, LT: Unbound
HU, LT: None






 




 








3)


All Member States except HU, LT: Unbound
HU: Services may be provided through a Contract of Concession granted by the state or the local authority
LT: None












3)


All Member States except HU, LT: Unbound
HU, LT: None






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except HU, LT: Unbound
HU, LT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except HU, LT: Unbound
HU, LT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States: Unbound


 












H.





Services auxiliary to all modes of transport





(FI: excluding maritime transport)






(a)


Cargo-handling services
(EE, LV and LT: CPC 741)












1)


All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound.
EE, LV: None












1)


All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound. EE, LV: None






 










2)


All Member States except EE, LV and LT: Unbound
EE, LV and LT: None












2)


All Member States except EE, LV, LT: Unbound
EE, LV, LT: None






 




 








3)


All Member States except EE, LV, LT: Unbound
EE, LV, LT: None except in airports where categories of activities committed depend of size of airport, the number of providers in each airport can be limited due to available space constraints and to not less than two suppliers for other reasons, and non-discriminatory pre-approval procedures may apply.












3)


All Member States except EE, LV, LT: Unbound
EE, LV, LT: None






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except EE, LV, LT: Unbound.
EE, LV, LT: Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except EE, LV, LT: Unbound.
EE, LT: Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound
LV: None



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 










(b)


Storage and Warehouse Services (CPC 742)
(For all Member States except AT, EE, FI, HU, LT, LV: other than in ports)












1)


All Member States except EE, HU, LV: Unbound
EE, HU, LV: None












1)


All Member States except EE, HU, LV: Unbound
EE, HU, LV: None






 










2) 3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, MT, PL, SE, SK: None
CY, CZ, MT, PL, SE, SK: Unbound












2) 3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, MT, PL, SE, SK: None
CY, CZ, MT, PL, SE, SK: Unbound






 




4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, LT, MT PL, SE, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.
CY, CZ, MT, LT, PL, SE, SK: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, LV, MT, PL, SE, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, CZ, MT, PL, SE, SK: Unbound
FI, LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 










c)


Freight Transport Agency/Freight Forwarding Services
(CPC 748)












1) 2) 3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SE, SK: None
CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK, SE: Unbound












1)


All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK, SE: Unbound
SI: None other than customs clearance is subject to limitation to juridical person established in the Republic of Slovenia.










2) 3)


All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK, SE: Unbound
SI: None other than customs clearance is subject to limitation to juridical person established in the Republic of Slovenia.






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK and SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SE, SK: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except CY, CZ, FI, HU, LV, MT, PL, SK and SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following limitations:
CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SE, SK: Unbound
FI, LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 




Pre-Shipment Inspection (part of CPC 749) (64) except for:
EE: in particular freight inspection services, part of CPC 749;
FI: CPC 7490 only;
LV: Other CPC 749;
LT: Freight inspection, Part of CPC 749








1) 2) 3)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SE, SK: None
AT, CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SE, SK: Unbound












1)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SE, SK: None
AT, CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SE, SK: Unbound










2)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK, SE: None
AT, CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK, SE: Unbound










3)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SE, SK: None
AT, CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK, SE: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK and SE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
AT, CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SK, SE: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, FI, HU, LV, MT, PL, SE, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
AT, CY, CZ, HU, MT, PL, SE, SK: Unbound
FI, LV: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States except EE, LV: Unbound
EE: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
LV: None


 












I.





Other Transport Services





(Provision of Combined Transport Service)








1)


All Member States except FI: Unbound
FI: None












1)


All Member States except FI: Unbound
FI: None






 




 








2)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound












2)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None
AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound






 




 








3)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None, without prejudice to the limitations affecting any given mode of transport
AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound.












3)


All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: None, without prejudice to the limitations affecting any given mode of transport
AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound.






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound.


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section
AT, CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SI, SK: Unbound.
FI: None


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States: Unbound


 










12.


OTHER SERVICES NOT INCLUDED ELSEWHERE






 


 


 










—


Hairdressing services (CPC 97021)












1)


All Member States: Unbound












1)


All Member States: Unbound






 




 








2), 3)


All Member States except AT, CZ, FI, HU and SK: Unbound
AT, CZ, FI, HU and SK: None












2), 3)


All Member States except AT, CZ, FI, HU and SK: Unbound
AT, CZ, FI, HU and SK: None






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT: Unbound.
AT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT: Unbound
AT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section under


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States: Unbound


 










—


Cosmetic treatment, manicuring and pedicuring services (CPC 97022)












1)


All Member States: Unbound












1)


All Member States: Unbound






 




 








2) 3)


All Member States except AT: Unbound
AT: None












2) 3)


All Member States except AT: Unbound
AT: None






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT: Unbound
AT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT: Unbound
AT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States: Unbound


 










—


Other beauty treatment services n.e.c (CPC 97029)












1)


All Member States: Unbound












1)


All Member States: Unbound






 




 








2), 3)


All Member States except AT: Unbound
AT: None












2), 3)


All Member States except AT: Unbound
AT: None






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT: Unbound
AT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States except AT: Unbound
AT: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section


 




 



CSS

All Member States: Unbound



CSS

All Member States: Unbound


 










—


Services related to the sale of equipment or to the assignment of a patent












1), 2), 3)


All Member States: Unbound












1), 2), 3)


All Member States: Unbound






 




 


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States: Unbound


4)   ICT and BV

All Member States: Unbound


 




 



CSS

All Member States except FR: Unbound.
FR: Unbound except concerning the temporary entry of technicians where: as indicated in the horizontal section and subject to the following specific limitations:






—


The technician is an employee of a juridical person within the territory of another Member, and










—


that juridical person has assigned a patent to a commercial presence in France.










—


the technician is in charge of supervising the construction of the equipment, or of ensuring the preparation for the exploitation of the patent.










—


the work permit is delivered for a period not exceeding six months.










—


the technician presents a work certificate from the commercial presence in France and a letter from the juridical person within the territory of another Member demonstrating its agreement to the transfer.










—


the commercial presence in France must pay a tax to the International Migration Office.







CSS

All Member States except CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.
CY, CZ, EE, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SI, SK: Unbound


 





ATTACHMENT A


GLOSSARY


Terms used for individual Member States


France








SC



Société Civile





SCP



Société Civile Professionnelle:





SEL



Société d’Exercice Libéral





SNC



Société en Nom Collectif





SCS



Société en Commandite Simple





SARL



Société à Responsabilité Limitée





SCA



Société en Commandite par Actions





SA



Société Anonyme











N.B.



Toutes ces sociétés sont dotées de la personnalité morale





Germany








GmbH & CoKG



Kommanditgesellschaft, bei der der persönlich haftende Gesellschaftereine GmbH (a stock company with limited responsibility) ist.





EWIV



Europäische Wirtschaftliche Interessenvereinigung (European EconomicInterest Grouping)





Italy








SPA



Società per Azioni (joint stock company)





SRL



Società a Responsabilità Limitata (company with limited responsibility)




For Italy the following professional services are covered in the EC offer:







Ragionieri-periti commerciali



Bookkeeping accounting-auditing





Commercialisti



Bookkeeping-accounting-auditing





Geometri



Surveyors





Ingegneri



Engineers





Architetti



Architects





Geologi



Geologists





Medici



Doctors





Farmacisti



Pharmacists





Psicologi



Psychologists





Veterinari



Veterinarians





Biologi



Biologists





Chimici



Chemists





Periti agrari



Agricultural experts





Agronomi



Agronomists





Attuari



Actuarists





ADDITIONAL COMMITMENT BY THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES AND THEIR MEMBER STATES


SCOPE

The following are definitions and principles on the regulatory framework for the basic telecommunications services underpinning the market access commitments by the European Communities and their Member States.

DEFINITIONS



User
 mean service consumer and service suppliers.


Essential facilities
 mean facilities of a public telecommunications transport network and service that






a)


are exclusively or predominantly provided by a single or limited number of suppliers; and










b)


cannot feasibly be economically or technically substituted in order to provide a service.






A major supplier
 is a supplier which has the ability to materially affect the terms of participation (having regard to price and supply) in the relevant market for basic telecommunications services as a result of:






a)


control over essential facilities; or










b)


use of its position in the market.




1.   COMPETITIVE SAFEGUARDS









1.1.




Prevention of anti-competitive practices in telecommunications:





Appropriate measures shall be maintained for the purpose of preventing suppliers who, alone or together, are a major supplier from engaging in or continuing anti-competitive practices.









1.2.




Safeguards:





The anti-competitive practices referred to above shall include in particular:






a)


engaging in anti-competitive cross-subsidization;










b)


using information obtained from competitors with anti-competitive results; and










c)


not making available to other services suppliers on a timely basis technical information about essential facilities and commercially relevant information which are necessary for them to provide services.




2.   INTERCONNECTION








2.1.


This section applies to linking with suppliers providing public telecommunications transport networks or services in order to allow the users of one supplier to communicate with users of another supplier and to access services provided by another supplier.













2.2.




Interconnection to be ensured:





Within the limits of permitted market access, interconnection with a major supplier will be ensured at any technically feasible point in the network. Such interconnection is provided (65):






a)


under non-discriminatory terms, conditions (including technical standards and specifications) and rates and of a quality no less favourable than that provided for its own like services or for like services of non-affiliated service suppliers or for its subsidiaries or other affiliates (66);










b)


in a timely fashion, on terms, conditions (including technical standards and specifications) and cost-oriented rates that are transparent, reasonable, having regard to economic feasibility, and sufficiently unbundled so that the supplier need not pay for network components or facilities that it does not require for the service to be provided; and










c)


upon request, at points in addition to the network termination points offered to the majority of users, subject to charges that reflect the cost of construction of necessary additional facilities.













2.3.




Public availability of the procedures for interconnection negotiations:





The procedures applicable for interconnection to a major supplier will be made publicly available.









2.4.




Transparency of interconnection arrangements:





It is ensured that a major supplier will make publicly available either its interconnection agreements or a reference interconnection offer.









2.5.




Interconnection: dispute settlement:





A service supplier requesting interconnection with a major supplier will have recourse, either:






a)


at any time; or










b)


after a reasonable period of time which has been made publicly known to an independent domestic body, which may be a regulatory body as referred to in paragraph 5 below, to resolve disputes regarding appropriate terms, conditions and rates for interconnection within a reasonable period of time, to the extent that these have not been established previously.




3.   UNIVERSAL SERVICE
Any Member has the right to define the kind of universal service obligation it wishes to maintain. Such obligations will not be regarded as anti-competitive per se, provided they are administered in a transparent, non-discriminatory and competitively neutral manner and are not more burdensome than necessary for the kind of universal service defined by the Member.
4.   PUBLIC AVAILABILITY OF LICENSING CRITERIA
Where a licence is required, the following will be made publicly available:






a)


all the licensing criteria and the period of time normally required to reach a decision concerning an application for a licence; and










b)


the terms and conditions of individual licences.




The reasons for the denial of a licence will be made known to the applicant upon request.
5.   INDEPENDENT REGULATORS
The regulatory body is separate from, and not accountable to, any supplier of basic telecommunications services. The decisions of and the procedures used by regulators shall be impartial with respect to all market participants.
6.   ALLOCATION AND USE OF SCARCE RESOURCES
Any procedures for the allocation and use of scarce resources, including frequencies, numbers and rights of way, will be carried out in an objective, timely, transparent and non-discriminatory manner. The current state of allocated frequency bands will be made publicly available, but detailed identification of frequencies allocated for specific government uses is not required.

ADDITIONAL COMMITMENTS BY PART OF THE EC (AT, BE, DK, DE, ES, FI, FR, EL, IE, IT, LU, NL, PT, SE, UK)


INSURANCE







a)


Part of the EC (AT, BE, DK, DE, ES, FI, FR, EL, IE, IT, LU, NL, PT, SE, UK) notes the close co-operation among the insurance regulatory and supervisory authorities of these Member States and encourages their efforts to promote improved supervisory standards.










b)


These Member States will make their best endeavours to consider within 6 months complete applications for licences to conduct direct insurance underwriting business, through the establishment in a Member State of a subsidiary in accordance with the legislation of that Member State, by an undertaking governed by the laws of a third country. In cases where such applications are refused, the Member State authority will make its best endeavours to notify the undertaking in question and give the reasons for the refusal of the application.










c)


The supervisory authorities of these Member States will make their best endeavours to respond without undue delay to requests for information by applicants on the status of complete applications for licences to conduct direct insurance underwriting business, through the establishment in a Member State of a subsidiary in accordance with the legislation of that Member State by an undertaking governed by the laws of a third country.










d)


Part of the EC (AT, BE, DK, DE, ES, FI, FR, EL, IE, IT, LU, NL, PT, SE, UK) will make its best endeavours to examine any questions pertaining to the smooth operation of the internal market in insurance, and consider any issues that might have an impact on the internal market in insurance.










e)


Part of the EC (AT, BE, DK, DE, ES, FI, FR, EL, IE, IT, LU, NL, PT, SE, UK) notes that, as regards motor insurance, under EC law as in force on 31 December 1997, and without prejudice to future legislation, premiums may be calculated taking several risk factors into account.










f)


Part of the EC (AT, BE, DK, DE, ES, FI, FR, EL, IE, IT, LU, NL, PT, SE, UK) notes that under EC law, as in force on 31 December 1997, and without prejudice to future legislation, the prior approval by national supervisory authorities of policy conditions and scales of premiums that an insurance undertaking intends to use is generally not required.










g)


Part of the EC (AT, BE, DK, DE, ES, FI, FR, EL, IE, IT, LU, NL, PT, SE, UK) notes that under EC law, as in force on 31 December 1997, and without prejudice to future legislation, the prior approval by national supervisory authorities of increases in premium rates in generally not required.





OTHER FINANCIAL SERVICES







a)


In application of the relevant EC Directives, these Member States will make their best endeavours to consider within 12 months complete applications for licences to conduct banking activities, through the establishment in a Member State of a subsidiary in accordance with the legislation of that Member State, by an undertaking governed by the laws of a third country. In cases where such applications are refused, the Member State will make its best endeavours to notify the undertaking in question and give the reasons for the refusal of the application.










b)


These Member States will make their best endeavours to respond without undue delay to requests for information by applicants on the status of complete applications for licences to conduct banking activities, through the establishment in a Member State of a subsidiary in accordance with the legislation of that Member State, by an undertaking governed by the laws of a third country.










c)


In application of the relevant EC Directives, these Member States will make their best endeavours to consider within 6 months complete applications for licences to conduct investment services in the securities field, as defined in the Investment Services Directive, through the establishment in a Member State of a subsidiary in accordance with the legislation of that Member State, by an undertaking governed by the laws of a third country. In cases where such applications are refused, the Member State will make its best endeavours to notify the undertaking in question and give the reasons for the refusal of the application.










d)


These Member States will make their best endeavours to respond without undue delay to requests for information by applicants on the status of complete applications for licences to conduct investment services in the securities area, through the establishment in a Member State of a subsidiary in accordance with the legislation of that Member State, by an undertaking governed by the laws of a third country.






(1)  Explanatory Note: Public utilities exist in sectors such as related scientific and technical consulting services, R&D services on social sciences and humanities, technical testing and analysis services, environmental services, health services, transport services and services auxiliary to all modes of transport. Exclusive rights on such services are often granted to private operators, for instance operators with concessions from public authorities, subject to specific service obligations. Given that public utilities often also exist at the sub-central level, detailed and exhaustive sector-specific scheduling is not practical. This limitation does not apply to telecommunications and to computer and related services.

(2)  With regard to Austria it applies also to modes 1 and 4.

(3)  With regard to Austria it applies also to modes 1 and 4.

(4)  Exceptions from these requirements may be granted, if it can be proved that residency is not necessary.

(5)  Exceptions from these requirements may be granted, if it can be proved that residency is not necessary.

(6)  Exceptions from these requirements may be granted, if it can be proved that residency is not necessary.

(7)  This procedure does not apply to investments in France in activities which are part of the exercise of official authority. The latter is to be understood in the sense of Article 55 of the Treaty of Rome and the jurisprudence concerned.

(8)  Commercial, industrial or artisanal activities relate to sectors such as: other business services, construction, distribution and tourism services. It does not relate to telecommunications and financial services.

(9)  An assessment of the investment is made in light of the effect on the economy of the country. The criteria taken into account are among others: creation of new jobs; positive foreign currency balance; introduction of advanced technology; reduced industrial pollution; professional training for Portuguese workers; etc.

(10)  SI: According to the Law on Commercial Companies, a branch established in the Republic of Slovenia is not considered a juridical person, but as regards their operation, their treatment is equal to a subsidiary, which is in line with Article XXVIII para.(g) of the GATS.

(11)  CZ: Non-discriminatory system of foreign exchange control is applied consisting of:






a)


limitation on acquisition of foreign exchange by resident nationals for personal purposes;










b)


foreign exchange authorization in case of Czech residents for acceptance of financial credits from foreign subjects, direct capital investment abroad, acquisition of real estate abroad and purchases of foreign securities.





(12)  PL: There is non-discriminatory system of foreign exchange controls relating to limitations in foreign exchange turnover and to system of foreign exchange permits (general and individual) among others limitations of capital flows and currency payments. The following foreign exchange transactions require authorization:






—


transfer of foreign exchange out of the country;










—


transfer of Polish currency into the country;










—


ownership transfer of the right to monetary assets between domestic and foreign persons;










—


granting and drawing of loans and credits by domestic persons in foreign exchange transactions;










—


fixing or executing payments in foreign currencies within Poland for acquired goods, real estate, property rights, services or labour;










—


opening and possessing of a banking account in a bank situated abroad;










—


acquiring and holding foreign securities and acquiring real estate abroad,










—


undertaking other obligations abroad of similar effect.





(13)  SK: Entries being listed for transparency reasons.

(14)  PL: footnote 11 is also applicable for national treatment.

(15)  Commercial, industrial or artisanal activities relate to sectors such as: other business services, construction, distribution and tourism services. It does not relate to telecommunications and financial services.

(16)  All other requirements of Community and Member States’ laws and regulations regarding entry, stay, work and social security measures shall continue to apply, including regulations concerning period of stay, minimum wages as well as collective wage agreements. Commitments on movement of persons do not apply in cases where the intent or effect of such movement is to interfere with or otherwise affect the outcome of any labour/management dispute or negotiation.

(17)  In EE, the category “other legal advisory and information services” (CPC 86190) includes a) practice of public international law and b) practice of law of jurisdiction where service supplier qualifies as a lawyer under a relevant authority of this jurisdiction. Such consultancy excludes the following: (i) appearing for a person other than himself or herself as attorney in any court, or before any magistrate or other judicial officer of the Republic of Estonia; (ii) preparing any instrument effecting the transfer or registration of title to real estate located in Estonia; (iii) preparing any will or trust instrument effecting the disposition of any property located in the Republic of Estonia and owned by a resident thereof, or any instrument relating to the administration of such property; (iv) preparing any instrument in respect of the marital or parental relations, rights or duties of a resident of the Republic of Estonia, or the custody or care of children of such a resident (otherwise according to CPC 86190).

(18)  Limited liability companies are allowed, subject to certain conditions.

(19)  When not appearing under the title "advokat" foreign lawyers may freely offer legal advice activities.

(20)  Limited liability companies are allowed, subject to certain conditions.

(21)  When not appearing under the title "advokat" foreign lawyers may freely offer legal advice activities.

(22)  Access to these professions is governed by the French law No. 90-1259 of 31 December 1990 which opens the entire range of legal and judicial activities.

(23)  Access to these professions is governed by the French law No. 90-1259 of 31 December 1990 which opens the entire range of legal and judicial activities.

(24)  Limited liability companies are allowed, subject to certain conditions.

(25)  When not appearing under the title "advokat" foreign lawyers may freely offer legal advice activities.

(26)  Explanatory note for Member States of EC-12: Given the fact that commercial presence is required to exercise any auditing activity, the cross-border mode is unbound. Only established statutory auditors can be approved by the national professional bodies. Approval is a necessary pre-condition to exercising the activity.

(27)  According to Slovenian Law, auditing services are a matter of firms, not natural persons.

(28)  Foreign exams and experience giving equivalent competence are recognized.

(29)  Foreign exams and experience giving equivalent competence are recognized.

(30)  Foreign exams and experience giving equivalent competence are recognized.

(31)  Access to these professions is governed by the French law No. 90-1259 of 31 December 1990 which opens the entire range of legal and judicial activities.

(32)  For SI, the following activities are excluded: social medicine, sanitary, epidemiological, medical/ecological services; the supply of blood, blood preparations and transplants; autopsy.

(33)  Establishment in the form of legal persons is subject to authorization by Ministry of Health. Entry into public Health Network is subject to a concession from the Institute of Health Insurance of the Republic of Slovenia.

(34)  Where the establishment of pharmacies is subject to an economic needs test, the main criteria taken into account are: the population, the number of existing pharmacies and their geographical density.

(35)  All Member States except AT, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, LV, SE and SK: the service involved excludes related scientific and technical consulting services on operation of mines, etc.

(36)  In many cases, computer and related services (*)enable the provision of other services by both electronic and other means. However, in such cases, there is an important distinction between the computer and related service (e.g., web-hosting or application hosting) and the other service (*)enabled by the computer and related service. The other service, regardless of whether it is enabled by a computer and related service, is not covered by CPC 84.






(*)


e.g. W/120.1.A.b. Accounting, auditing and bookkeeping services, W/120.1.A.d. Architectural services, W/120.1.A.h. Medical and dental services, W/120.2.D. Audiovisual services, W/120.5. Educational services.





(37)  This heading also covers the commitments undertaken by CZ, EE, LV, LT and SK under CPC 843 in Telecommunication (sub-item (n) on-line information and/or data processing (including transaction processing).

(38)  The Service involved relates to the profession of real estate agents and does not affect any rights and/or restrictions on natural and juridical persons purchasing real estate. SE: not including acquisition or rental of land and real estate.

(39)  SE: except the use of leased vehicles and carriers for land or air transportation service operations.

(40)  SI: Public utility exist; concession rights can be granted to the private operators established in the Republic of Slovenia.

(41)  CZ, SK: Consulting services concerning the methods for improving productivity, reducing production costs and improving the quality of production in the areas of agriculture, hunting and forestry.

(42)  LT: Service specified constitutes only a part of the total range of activities covered by the CPC concordance.

(43)  SI: Public utility exist; concession rights can be granted to the private operators established in the Republic of Slovenia.

(44)  SE: national and residents with work permits, excluding seamen.

(45)  Footnote for clarification purposes: Some EC Member States maintain public participation in certain telecommunication operators. EC Member States reserve their rights to maintain such public participation in the future. This is not a market access limitation. In Belgium, government participation and voting rights in Belgacom are freely determined under legislative powers as is presently the case under the law of 21 March 1991 on the reform of government-owned economic enterprises.

(46)  Sub-sectors 2.C.h) to 2.C.m) of the Services Sectoral Classification List contained in MTN,GNS/W/120 (value-added services) and Sub-sectors 2.C.a) to 2.C.g) of that List are included here. Sub-sector 2.C.o) of that List is also included here to the extent that it falls under this definition. For the purpose of this schedule, subsector 2C.n of that list (on-line information and/or data processing) is reflected in this schedule of Commitments under 1.B (Computer and related services).

(47)  Broadcasting is defined as the uninterrupted chain of transmission required for the distribution of TV and radio programme signals to the general public but does not cover contribution links between operators.

(48)  All Member States except Austria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovak Republic, Slovenia and Sweden: distribution of arms, chemical products, explosives and precious metals is excluded. In Austria distribution of pyrotechnical goods, ignitable articles and blasting devices, firearms, ammunition and military equipment, tobacco and tobacco products, pharmaceutical products, medical and surgical devices, toxic substances, certain medical substances and objects for medical use is excluded; in the Czech Republic, distribution of arms, ammunition, explosives, some chemical products, and drugs and precious metals is excluded; in Finland, distribution of arms, alcoholic beverages and pharmaceutical products is excluded; in Slovak Republic, distribution of trade in arms, ammunition, explosives, some chemical products, and drugs and precious metals is excluded; in Slovenia, excluding distribution of pyrotechnical goods, ignitable articles and blasting devices, firearms, ammunition and military equipment, toxic substances and certain medical substances; in Sweden distribution of arms and retail sale of alcoholic beverage and pharmaceutical products is excluded.

(49)  All Member States except AT, CY, CZ, EE, FI, HU, LT, LV, MT, PL, SE, SK and SI: where establishment is subject to an economic needs test, the main criteria are: the number of and impact on existing stores, population density, geographic spread, impact on traffic conditions and creation of new employment.

(50)  Sale on a permanent basis from a fixed point of sale or manufacturing facilities are not affected by these rules.

(51)  Unlike foreign subsidiaries, branches established directly in a Member State by a non-Community financial institution are not, with certain limited exceptions, subject to prudential regulations harmonised at Community level which enable such subsidiaries to benefit from enhanced facilities to set up new establishments and to provide cross-border services throughout the Community. Therefore, such branches receive an authorisation to operate in the territory of a Member State under conditions equivalent to those applied to domestic financial institutions of that Member State, and may be required to satisfy a number of specific prudential requirements such as, in the case of banking and securities, separate capitalisation and other solvency requirements and reporting and publication of accounts requirements or, in the case of insurance, specific guarantee and deposit requirements, a separate capitalisation, and the localisation in the Member State concerned of the assets representing the technical reserves and at least one third of the solvency margin. Member States may apply the restrictions indicated in this schedule only with regard to the direct establishment from a third country of a commercial presence or to the provision of cross-border services from a third country; consequently, a Member State may not apply these restrictions, including those concerning establishment, to third-country subsidiaries established in other Member States of the Community, unless these restrictions can also be applied to companies or nationals of other Member States in conformity with Community law.

(52)  CZ: When monopoly rights concerning compulsory motor third party liability insurance are removed, providing this service will be open on a non-discriminatory basis to Czech established service providers.

(53)  IT: Provision and transfer of financial information and financial data processing entailing trading of financial instruments may be prohibited where the protection of investors is likely to be seriously prejudiced. Only authorised banks and investment firms must comply with conduct of business rules in providing investment advice concerning financial instruments and advice to undertakings on capital structure, industrial strategy and related matters, and advice and service relating to mergers and acquisition of undertakings. Advisory activity should not include asset management.

(54)  IT: Authorised persons enabled to conduct collective asset management are deemed responsible for any investment activity conducted by their delegated advisers (Collective asset management, excluding UCITS).

(55)  HU: Except Országos Takarékpénztár és Kereskedelmi Bank Rt., where long-term State ownership will be kept at a minimum of 25 %+1 vote.

(56)  CZ: Legislation covering the abolition of the criterion of financial market requirements is now being discussed in the Parliament.

(57)  PL: Prudential regulations in the financial sector are being elaborated in Poland. They may require alteration of the presently existing rules as well as preparation of the new laws. Their application will be done in accordance with the provisions of the Annex on Financial Services, paragraph 2 – Domestic Regulation sub-paragraph 1.

(58)  Besides the amount of the capital the Bank of Slovenia shall, when considering issuing an unlimited or a limited banking licence also take into account the following guidelines (for both domestic and foreign applicants)






—


the national-economic preferences for certain banking activities;










—


the existing regional coverage of the Republic of Slovenia by banks;










—


the actual bank’s performance of activities compared to those stipulated by the existing licence.




(Remark: this provision shall be abolished upon the adoption of the new Law on Banking.)

(59)  Law on Enterprises; supplement 1995

(60)  Public utility concession or licensing procedures may apply in case of occupation of the public domain.

(61)  Indicates that the service specified constitutes only a part of the total range of activities by the CPC concordance.

(62)  Needs test based on the number of service suppliers in the local geographic area.

(63)  Where the supply of a service is subject to an economic needs test, this is essentially based on existing public transport on the route concerned.

(64)  Indicates that the service specified constitutes only a part of the total range of activities covered by the CPC concordance.

(65)  Suppliers of services or networks not generally available to the public, such as closed user groups, have guaranteed rights to connect with the public telecommunications transport network or services on terms, conditions and rates which are non-discriminatory, transparent and cost-oriented. Such terms, conditions and rates may, however, vary from the terms, conditions and rates applicable to interconnection between public telecommunications networks or services.

(66)  Different terms, conditions and rates may be set in the Community for operators in different market segments, on the basis of non-discriminatory and transparent national licensing provisions, where such differences can be objectively justified because these services are not considered "like services".