Publication of a communication of approval of a standard amendment to a product specification for a name in the wine sector referred to in Article 17(2) and (3) of Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/33
Date: 2019-07-24
Institutions: European Commission
Subjects: Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France, Rhône-Alpes, consumer information, designation of origin, labelling, product designation, quality control of agricultural products, sparkling wine








C_2019248EN.01001901.xml










24.7.2019   


EN


Official Journal of the European Union


C 248/19






Publication of a communication of approval of a standard amendment to a product specification for a name in the wine sector referred to in Article 17(2) and (3) of Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/33
(2019/C 248/06)
This communication is published in accordance with Article 17(5) of Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/33 (1).
COMMUNICATING THE APPROVAL OF A STANDARD AMENDMENT

‘Crémant de Bourgogne’


Reference number: PDO-FR-A0676-AM01


Date of communication: 11.4.2019


DESCRIPTION OF AND REASONS FOR THE APPROVED AMENDMENT

1.   Updated list of municipalities in the geographical area


Description and reasons

Some municipalities have changed name or merged since the first approval of the specification. The list of municipalities that constitute the geographical area has thus been updated, without affecting the perimeter. To increase legal certainty, this list is referenced according to the current version of the official geographic code, updated yearly by INSEE (the French National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies).
Point 6 of the Single Document has been amended accordingly.
2.   Demarcated parcel area


Description and reasons

Parcels are demarcated by identifying the parcels within the geographical area of production that are suitable for producing the protected designation of origin in question.
The parcel demarcation was finalised for a certain number of municipalities in the geographical area. This provided an opportunity to confirm the demarcation within the municipalities that had already been demarcated. This led the competent national authority to approve the parcel demarcation for the whole of the area on a new date.
The previous dates when the competent national authority approved parcel demarcation by municipality have been deleted from the annex to the product specification.
The Single Document is not affected by this amendment.
SINGLE DOCUMENT
1.   Name of product

Crémant de Bourgogne
2.   Geographical indication type

PDO — Protected Designation of Origin
3.   Categories of grapevine products









5.


Quality sparkling wine




4.   Description of the wine(s)

White or rosé quality sparkling wines.






(a)


The wines, before the addition of the expedition liqueur and if the must has been enriched, should not have a total alcoholic strength by volume of more than 13 %.










(b)


The total acidity, volatile acidity and total sulphur dioxide content, in sugars and the pressure of carbon dioxide measured at 20 °C, are laid down by EU legislation.




The wine is characterised by a fine and sustained foam, with delicate and long-lasting bubbles. When young, the wine often has a fruity, floral and mineral nose, giving it a certain freshness. Over time, more complex aromas appear, which evolve into secondary and tertiary notes. The freshness in the mouth is intensified by the release of carbon dioxide.






General analytical characteristics




Maximum total alcoholic strength (in % volume)


 




Minimum actual alcoholic strength (in % volume)


 




Minimum total acidity


 




Maximum volatile acidity (in milliequivalents per litre)


 




Maximum total sulphur dioxide (in milligrams per litre)


 




5.   Wine-making practices

a.   
Essential oenological practices



Specific oenological practice







(a)


The use of oenological charcoal to make the rosé wines is forbidden, whether alone or mixed in preparations.










(b)


The use of wood chips is forbidden.










(c)


In addition to the above provisions, the oenological practices concerning these wines must meet the requirements laid down at EU level and in the Rural and Maritime Fishing Code.










(d)


The pressing sites must meet criteria concerning the delivery of the harvest, the pressing facilities and presses, loading of presses, separation of juices and hygiene.





Planting density


Cultivation method







—


The minimum planting density of the vines is 5 000 plants per hectare. The spacing between the rows is 2,5 metres or less;










—


Where the planting density is higher than 8 000 plants per hectare, the spacing between the plants in the same row must be at least 0,5 metres;










—


Where the planting density is 8 000 plants per hectare or lower, the spacing between the plants in the same row must be at least 0,8 metres;










—


Vines not planted in rows must have a minimum planting density of 9 000 plants per hectare, with a spacing between plants of more than 0,5 metres.





Pruning rules


Cultivation method

General provisions
The vines are pruned according to the following techniques:






—


either short pruning (vines trained using the Cordon de Royat method), with a maximum of 12 buds per square metre;










—


or long pruning using the simple or double Guyot method, with a maximum of 10 buds per square metre.




The grape varieties Chardonnay B and Sacy B (only in the municipalities of the Rhône and Saône-et-Loire departments included in the vineyard defined for the ‘Macon’ protected designation of origin) are pruned using the ‘taille à queue du Mâconnais’ method (lit. Mâconnais tail pruning), with 10 or fewer buds per metre squared.
The grape varieties Chardonnay B and Sacy B (only in the municipalities of the Rhône and Saône-et-Loire departments included in the vineyard defined for the ‘Macon’ protected designation of origin), are pruned using the ‘taille Chablis’ method (lit. Chablis style), with 10 or fewer buds per metre squared.

Pruning rules


Cultivation method

Special provisions
Simple Guyot pruning can be adapted:






—


with a second spur making it possible to vary the position of the cane from one year to the next;










—


with a cane trimmed to a maximum of three buds and a spur limited to two buds.




Regardless of the pruning method, the vines can be pruned with extra buds on condition that, at the phenological stage corresponding to 11 or 12 leaves, the number of fruit-bearing branches for the year by plant does not exceed the number of buds established by the pruning rules.

Irrigation and transport of the harvest


Cultivation method

Irrigation
Irrigation is prohibited.

Transport of the harvest







(a)


The harvest is protected from the rain during transport.










(b)


The harvest is transported from the place of harvest to the pressing site in containers which:






—


are not deeper than 0,5 metres to avoid settling;










—


are unsealed and which allow the juice to quickly and fully flow during transport and when waiting to be pressed.














(c)


The time limit between harvesting of the grapes and pressing must be as short as possible. Under no circumstances should this limit exceed 24 hours.




b.   
Maximum yields



Yield

90 hectolitres per hectare
6.   Demarcated geographical area







(a)


The grapes are harvested and the wines made, developed, aged and packed in the geographical area approved by the National Institute for Origin and Quality at the meetings of the competent national committee on 7 July 2011. The perimeter of this area comprises the following municipalities, based on the 2018 Official Geographic Code:






—


Department of Côte-d’Or:
Aloxe-Corton, Ancey, Arcenant, AuxeyDuresses, Baubigny, Beaune, Belan-sur-Ource, Bévy, Bissey-la-Côte, Bligny-lès-Beaune, Boncourt-le-Bois, Bouix, Bouze-lès-Beaune, Brion-sur-Ource, Brochon, Chambolle-Musigny, Charrey-sur-Seine, Chassagne-Montrachet, Chaumont-le-Bois, Chaux, Chenôve, Chevannes, Chorey-lès-Beaune, Collonges-lès-Bévy, Comblanchien, Corcelles-les-Monts, Corgoloin, Cormot-Vauchignon, Corpeau, Couchey, Curtil-Vergy, Daix, Dijon, Échevronne, L’Étang-Vergy, Fixin, Flagey-Echezeaux, Fussey, Gevrey-Chambertin, Gilly-lès-Cîteaux, Gomméville, Griselles, Ladoix-Serrigny, Larrey, Magny-lès-Villers, Mâlain, Marcenay, Marey-lès-Fussey, Marsannay-la-Côte, Massingy, Mavilly-Mandelot, Meloisey, Messanges, Meuilley, Meursault, Molesme, Monthelie, Montliot-et-Courcelles, Morey-Saint-Denis, Mosson, Nantoux, Noiron-sur-Seine, Nolay, Nuits-Saint-Georges, Obtrée, Pernand-Vergelesses, Plombières-lès-Dijon, Poinçon-lès-Larrey, Pommard, Pothières, Premeaux-Prissey, Puligny-Montrachet, Reulle-Vergy, La Rochepot, Saint-Aubin, Saint-Romain, Santenay, Savigny-lès-Beaune, Segrois, Talant, Thoires, Vannaire, Villars-Fontaine, Villedieu, Villers-la-Faye, Villers-Patras, Vix, Volnay, Vosne-Romanée and Vougeot;










—


Department of Rhône:
Alix, Anse, L’Arbresle, Les Ardillats, Arnas, Bagnols, Beaujeu, Belleville, Belmont-d’Azergues, Blacé, Le Breuil, Bully, Cercié, Chambost-Allières, Chamelet, Charentay, Charnay, Châtillon, Chazay-d’Azergues, Chénas, Chessy, Chiroubles, Cogny, Corcelles-en-Beaujolais, Dareizé, Denicé, Emeringes, Fleurie, Frontenas, Gleizé, Jarnioux, Juliénas, Jullié, Lacenas, Lachassagne, Lancié, Lantignié, Légny, Létra, Limas, Lozanne, Lucenay, Marchampt, Marcy, Moiré, Montmelas-Saint-Sorlin, Morancé, Odenas, Les Olmes, Le Perréon, Pommiers, Porte des Pierres Dorées, Quincié-en-Beaujolais, Régnié-Durette, Rivolet, Saint-Clément-sur-Valsonne, Saint-Cyr-le-Chatoux, Saint-Didier-sur-Beaujeu, Saint-Étienne-des-Oullières, Saint-Étienne-la-Varenne, Saint-Germain-Nuelles, Saint-Georges-de-Reneins, Saint-Jean-d’Ardières, Saint-Jean-des-Vignes, Saint-Julien, Saint-Just-d’Avray, Saint-Lager, Saint-Loup, Saint-Romain-de-Popey, Saint-Vérand, Sainte-Paule, Salles-Arbuissonnas-en-Beaujolais, Sarcey, Ternand, Theizé, Vaux-en-Beaujolais, Val d’Oingt, Vauxrenard, Vernay, Ville-sur-Jarnioux and Villié-Morgon;










—


Department of Saône-et-Loire:
Aluze, Ameugny, Azé, Barizey, Berzéla-Ville, Berzé-le-Châtel, Bissey-sous-Cruchaud, Bissy-la-Mâconnaise, Bissy-sur-Fley, Bissy-sous-Uxelles, Blanot, Bonnay, Bouzeron, Boyer, Burgy, Burnand, Bussières, Buxy, Bray, Bresse-sur-Grosne, Cersot, Chagny, Chaintré, Chamilly, Champagny-sous-Uxelles, Chânes, Change, Chapaize, La Chapelle-de-Guinchay, La Chapelle-sous-Brancion, Charbonnières, Chardonnay, Charnay-lès-Mâcon, Charrecey, Chasselas, Chassey-le-Camp, Château, Cheilly-lès-Maranges, Chenôves, Chevagny-les-Chevrières, Chissey-lès-Mâcon, Clessé, Cortambert, Cortevaix, Couches, Crêches-sur-Saône, Créot, Cruzille, Culles-les-Roches, Curtil-sous-Burnand, Davayé, Dennevy, Dezize-lès-Maranges, Dracy-lès-Couches, Dracy-le-Fort, Épertully, Étrigny, Farges-lès-Mâcon, Fleurville, Fley, Fontaines, Fuissé, Genouilly, Germagny, Givry, Grevilly, Hurigny, Igé, Jalogny, Jambles, Jugy, Jully-lès-Buxy, Lacrost, Laives, Laizé, Leynes, Lournand, Lugny, Mâcon, Malay, Mancey, Martailly-lès-Brancion, Mellecey, Mercurey, MillyLamartine, Montagny-lès-Buxy, Montbellet, Montceaux-Ragny, Moroges, Nanton, Ozenay, Paris-l’Hôpital, Péronne, Pierreclos, Plottes, Préty, Prissé, Pruzilly, Remigny, La Roche-Vineuse, Romanèche-Thorins, Rosey, Royer, Rully, Saint-Albain, Saint-Amour-Bellevue, Saint-Boil, Saint-Clément-sur-Guye, Saint-Denis-de-Vaux, Saint-Désert, Saint-Gengoux-de-Scissé, Saint-Gengoux-le-National, Saint-Gilles, Saint-Jean-de-Trézy, Saint-Jean-de-Vaux, Saint-Léger-sur-Dheune, Saint-Mard-de-Vaux, Saint-Martin-Belle-Roche, Saint-Martin-du-Tartre, Saint-Martin-sous-Montaigu, Saint-Maurice-des-Champs, Saint-Maurice-de-Satonnay, Saint-Maurice-lès-Couches, Saint-Pierre-de-Varennes, Saint-Sernin-du-Plain, Saint-Symphorien-d’Ancelles, Saint-Vallerin, Saint-Vérand, Saint-Ythaire, La Salle, Salornay-sur-Guye, Sampigny-lès-Maranges, Santilly, Sassangy, Saules, Savigny-sur-Grosne, Sennecey-le-Grand, Senozan, Sercy, Serrières, Sigy-le-Châtel, Sologny, Solutré-Pouilly, Tournus, Uchizy, Vaux-en-Pré, Vergisson, Vers, Verzé, Le Villars, La Vineuse sur Frégande (solely the area corresponding to the previous municipalities of Donzy-le-National, Massy and La Vineuse), Vinzelles and Viré;










—


Department of Yonne:
Asquins, Augy, Auxerre, Beine, Bernouil, Béru, Bleigny-le-Carreau, Chablis, La Chapelle-Vaupelteigne, Charentenay, Chemilly-sur-Serein, Cheney, Chichée, Chitry, Collan, Coulanges-la-Vineuse, Courgis, Dannemoine, Deux Rivières, Dyé, Épineuil, Éscolives-Sainte-Camille, Fleys, Fontenay-près-Chablis, Irancy, Joigny, Junay, Jussy, Lignorelles, Ligny-le-Châtel, Maligny, Migé, Molosmes, Montholon (solely the area corresponding to the previous municipalities of Champvallon and Volgré), Mouffy, Poilly-sur-Serein, Préhy, Quenne, Saint-Bris-le-Vineux, Saint-Cyr-les-Colons, Saint-Père, Serrigny, Tharoiseau, Tonnerre, Tronchoy, Val-de-Mercy, Venoy, Vermenton (solely the area corresponding to the previous municipality of Vermenton), Vézelay, Vézinnes, Villy, Vincelottes and Viviers.














(b)


The harvesting of the grapes and the production and blending of the wines, as well as the ageing and bottling of sparkling wines, take place in the following municipalities:






—


Department of Côte-d’Or:
Châtillon-sur-Seine, Grancey-sur-Ource, Montagny-lès-Beaune and Prusly-sur-Ource;










—


Department of Yonne:
Cruzy-le-Châtel.








7.   Main wine grapes

Pinot gris G
8.   Description of the link(s)


Natural factors relevant to the link

The geographic area is situated on slopes traditionally dedicated to vine growing in the Yonne, Côte-d’Or, Saône-et-Loire and Rhône departments. The area brings together a group of more or less separate vineyards that are spread over around 250 kilometres from north to south. The area comprises over 300 municipalities.
The Yonne and ‘Châtillonnais’ vineyards, north of the ‘Côte d’Or’ are planted on the cuestas of the Paris basin, on sediment dating back to the Upper Jurassic period, with the exception of the ‘Vézelien’, planted on Lower to Middle Jurassic formations, and the ‘Jovinien’, planted on Upper Cretaceous formations. The substrates are largely marly (argillaceous limestone), and locally calcareous. The vineyards are restricted to the more exposed slopes on the cuestas, along the main valleys draining the region, Yonne and its tributaries and the Seine and its tributaries. The area reaches altitudes of between 150 and 300 metres.
From Dijon to the edge of Lyon, the vineyards follow a straight, almost uninterrupted series of hills, corresponding to the western border of the Bresse plain, a large tectonic structure that collapsed during the uplift of the Alps. The substrates are largely sedimentary, calcareous or marly, generally dating back to the Jurassic period, but also locally from the Triassic period. Locally, mainly in the Saône-et-Loire, outcrops of metamorphic or granite bedrock from the primary era, create acidic soils for wine producing. Although the hills in the hinterland are sometimes high (650 metres in Côte-d’Or, 1 000 metres in the ‘Beaujolais’), vines are planted between an altitude of 250 and 400 metres. Each of the vineyards is characterised by its unique landscape, geology and morphology:






—


wide valleys that sink into the limestone plateaux of the Paris basin;










—


a thin continuous strip located at the border between the plain and the plateau for ‘la Côte’;










—


a series of parallel hills from north to south, known as the ‘chaînons’ (the ‘ranges’) in the ‘Mâconnais’.




The Burgundy wine-growing area is blessed with a mostly cool oceanic climate. This climate is characterised by moderate and regular rainfall, without a pronounced summer drought. The temperatures indicate a cool climate, with an annual average of 11 °C.
This is particularly true for the Yonne department, but is somewhat lessened in the south east of the geographical zone by the protection offered by the Morvan and Charolais hills, that creates a Foehn effect, reducing humidity and bringing the temperature above the regional average.
The eastern part of the geographical area is affected by continental influences, with relatively low temperatures during winter, periods of frost that can be long and intense but also very dry and sunny late seasons.
Southern influences, particularly noticeable in the southern part of the geographical area can, temporarily, create high summer temperatures and warm sea breezes, causing summer storms.
The parcels demarcated for the grape harvest comprise all sectors traditionally recognised for being suited to wine-growing. They are preferably situated on well-exposed slopes of the main hills as well as foothills, cool plateaux and north and west-facing backslopes, all locations with optimal drainage and good soil heating abilities.

Human factors relevant to the link

Vine growing can be traced back to the Gallo-Roman period.
By the Middle Ages, the ‘Burgundy’ vineyards were already of economic importance and known far and wide.
The role of noble and ecclesiastical structures (abbeys, bishoprics) in building the reputation of ‘Burgundy’ wines is well known. Cluny, Cîteaux, Pontigny, the Chapitre de Langres, and the Ducs de Bourgogne all helped in their own way to create prestigious vineyards and wines with a flourishing reputation.
In the 18th century, significant growth in wine trade created a new economic power. ‘Burgundy’ wines were sold in significant quantities in the north of France and Europe, and indeed to other continents.
However, ‘Burgundy’ wine-growing very much developed its own identity during the 19th century. The former or recent administrative divisions (provinces or departments) were mixed at an economic level, where urban centres, such as Auxerre, Dijon, Beaune, Chalon-sur-Saône or Mâcon, distributed the wines from the region. The north of the ‘Beaujolais’ was associated at the time to the Mâcon wines. The ‘Tonnerrois’ et le ‘Châtillonnais’, at the edge of the Champagne region, were also included under Burgundy.
At the beginning of the 19th century, the producers from the Burgundy region started to develop sparkling wines, following techniques established in the Champagne region, in particular in Rully, in Saône-et-Loire, from 1820 in Nuits-Saint-Georges and then in 1840 in Chablis. The new product was successful, in particular with customers in England and the United States, and the method of winemaking spread rapidly. Sparkling wines were created at the centre of some the most beautiful areas such as ‘Clos Vougeot’, ‘Chambertin’ or ‘Chablis’.
In 1939, sparkling wine producers came together to form a professional association, and in 1943 they received recognition for the Protected Designation of Origin ‘Bourgogne mousseux’.
The decree for this Protected Designation of Origin restricted it to white, red and rosé wines produced through secondary fermentation in the bottle. From the 1960s, Burgundy wine producers wanted to formalise and protect their high quality sparkling wine production by implementing strict harvesting and production rules, resulting in recognition being granted by decree in 1975 for the Protected Designation of Origin ‘Crémant de Bourgogne’, for white and rosé wines.
The vine variety includes all the Burgundy grape varieties, although Chardonnay B and Pinot Noir N grape varieties are mostly favoured. The dispersed geographical spread of the vineyards leads to certain differences in production methods. Each small region, having inherited long-standing know-how, has preserved local vine-training, for example in the arcs for the Mâconnais or the so-called ‘Chablis’ pruning method in the Yonne.
The vineyards where the Protected Designation of Origin ‘Crémant de Bourgogne’ is produced were spread over nearly 2 000 hectares in 2011, with an annual production of almost 125 000 hectolitres, or almost 15 million bottles.
The wine is characterised by a fine and sustained foam, with delicate and long-lasting bubbles. When young, the wine often has a fruity, floral and mineral nose, giving it a certain freshness. Over time, more complex aromas appear, which evolve into secondary and tertiary notes. The freshness in the mouth is further intensified by the release of carbon dioxide.

Causal interactions

The Burgundy vineyards are located in the north, where vines face heavy climate-related constraints. Due to this, planting is limited to more favourable locations which have a dryer and warmer mesoclimate than the climate of the region, with draining soils for evacuating excess water, as well as fertile soils which heat up quickly.
The vineyards are principally found on the main hills, which are mostly calcareous and at a moderate altitude.
The cool climate in the geographical area is particularly favourable for sparkling wine production. The combination of the soil and exposures create sites that while ensuring that grapes ripen well, preserve the necessary acidity for the quality of wines that are Protected Designation of Origin ‘Crémant de Bourgogne’.
The limited indigenous vine variety, particularly well-suited to the local soil and climate conditions, create a range of white and rosé wines that share the same acidic and fruity characteristics of northern wines, thus giving them an undeniable note of elegance.
Producers wanted to create a high quality wine and so decided to establish strict rules to preserve as far as possible the quality of the raw material in order to be able to offer wines of the highest standard. Harvest is carried out with the utmost care to avoid oxidation of the juice between harvest and pressing. Processing of whole grapes; removal of juices produced during transport, careful handling, pressing in a clean environment with suitable equipment and according to rules defining a precise ratio between the weight of the processed harvest and the volume of must extracted, guaranteeing the quality and clarity of the juices obtained, and guaranteeing a gentle extraction that preserves the subtlety of the aromas, creating wines with a clear and bright colour.
Using experience acquired over more than a century, winemakers have now perfectly mastered the production of these sparkling wines. In order to ensure an optimal aromatic character, the wine is often a blend of the finest vine varieties (Pinot Noir N, Pinot Gris G, Chardonnay B). After a long aging period, the wines are marketed to the consumer no sooner than 12 months after bottling, allowing the wine to develop aromatic characteristics, complexity and finesse.
The ‘Crémant de Bourgogne’ is an essential part of Burgundy wine production. In 2011, 30 % of production was sold on markets across all continents.
9.   Essential further conditions (packaging, labelling, other requirements)

Legal framework:
National legislation
Type of further condition:
Packaging in the demarcated area
Description of the condition:






(a)


All production processes, from the harvesting of the grapes to disgorging, must be carried out in the geographical area.










(b)


The wines must be packed in the geographical area, this including the process of secondary fermentation in the bottle.










(c)


The bottling in glass bottles, where the secondary fermentation takes place, may only be done as of 1 December following the harvest.










(d)


The wines are marketed to the consumer after a minimum ageing period of 12 months from the bottling date, and not earlier than one month after disgorging.




Legal framework:
National legislation
Type of further condition:
Additional provisions relating to labelling
Description of the condition:
The size of the letters of all optional terms whose use, under Community provisions, may be regulated by the Member States, must not be larger, either in height or width, than half of the size of the letters forming the name of the Protected Designation of Origin.

Link to the product specification

https://info.agriculture.gouv.fr/gedei/site/bo-agri/document_administratif-883c2bee-8878-47f3-868b-dbbb71ff41f3


(1)  OJ L 9, 11.1.2019, p. 2.