P8_TA(2019)0405 Programme for the Environment and Climate Action (LIFE) ***I European Parliament legislative resolution of 17 April 2019 on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a Programme for the Environment and Climate Action (LIFE) and repealing Regulation (EU) No 1293/2013 (COM(2018)0385 — C8-0249/2018 — 2018/0209(COD)) P8_TC1-COD(2018)0209 Position of the European Parliament adopted at first reading on 17 April 2019 with a view to the adoption of Regulation (EU) …/… of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a Programme for the Environment and Climate Action (LIFE) and repealing Regulation (EU) No 1293/2013 (Text with EEA relevance)
Date: 2019-04-17
Institutions: Committee on Agriculture and Rural Development, Committee on Budgets, Committee on Fisheries, Committee on Industry, Research and Energy, Committee on Regional Development, Committee on the Environment, Climate and Food Safety, European Parliament
Subjects: EU environmental policy, EU financial instrument, EU programme, biodiversity, climate change, climate change policy, environmental cooperation, environmental protection, quality of the environment, sustainable development




C_2021158EN.01047501.xml










30.4.2021   


EN


Official Journal of the European Union


C 158/475






P8_TA(2019)0405
Programme for the Environment and Climate Action (LIFE) ***I
European Parliament legislative resolution of 17 April 2019 on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a Programme for the Environment and Climate Action (LIFE) and repealing Regulation (EU) No 1293/2013 (COM(2018)0385 — C8-0249/2018 — 2018/0209(COD))
(Ordinary legislative procedure: first reading)
(2021/C 158/52)

The European Parliament,






—


having regard to the Commission proposal to Parliament and the Council (COM(2018)0385),










—


having regard to Article 294(2) and Article 192 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, pursuant to which the Commission submitted the proposal to Parliament (C8-0249/2018),










—


having regard to Article 294(3) of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,










—


having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee of 18 October 2018 (1),










—


having regard to the opinion of the Committee of the Regions of 9 October 2018 (2),










—


having regard to the letter from its President to the committee chairs of 25 January 2019 outlining the Parliament's approach to the Multiannual Financial Framework (MFF) post-2020 sectorial programmes,










—


having regard to the letter from the Council to the President of the European Parliament of 1 April 2019 confirming the common understanding reached between the co-legislators during negotiations,










—


having regard to Rule 59 of its Rules of Procedure,










—


having regard to the report of the Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety and the opinions of the Committee on Budgets, the Committee on Regional Development and the Committee on Agriculture and Rural Development (A8-0397/2018),












1.


Adopts its position at first reading hereinafter set out (3);












2.


Calls on the Commission to refer the matter to Parliament again if it replaces, substantially amends or intends to substantially amend its proposal;












3.


Instructs its President to forward its position to the Council, the Commission and the national parliaments.






(1)  OJ C 62, 15.2.2019, p. 226.

(2)  OJ C 461, 21.12.2018, p. 156.

(3)  This position replaces the amendments adopted on 11 December 2018 (Texts adopted, P8_TA(2018)0487).




P8_TC1-COD(2018)0209
Position of the European Parliament adopted at first reading on 17 April 2019 with a view to the adoption of Regulation (EU) …/… of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a Programme for the Environment and Climate Action (LIFE) and repealing Regulation (EU) No 1293/2013
(Text with EEA relevance)
THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION,
Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Article 192
(1)
 thereof,
Having regard to the proposal from the European Commission,
After transmission of the draft legislative act to the national parliaments,
Having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee (1),
Having regard to the opinion of the Committee of the Regions (2),
Acting in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure (3),
Whereas:






(1)


Union environmental, climate and relevant ▌energy policy and legislation have delivered substantial improvements to the state of the environment. However, major environmental and climate challenges remain, which if left unaddressed, will have significant negative consequences for the Union and the well-being of its citizens.










(2)


The Programme for the Environment and Climate Action (LIFE), established by Regulation (EU) No 1293/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council (4) for the period 2014 to 2020 is the latest in a series of Union programmes over 25 years which support the implementation of environmental and climate legislation and policy priorities. It was positively assessed in a recent mid-term evaluation (5) as being on track to be effective, efficient and relevant. The 2014-2020 LIFE Programme should therefore be continued with certain modifications identified in the mid-term evaluation and subsequent assessments. Accordingly, a Programme for the Environment and Climate Action (LIFE) (the ‘
LIFE
 Programme’) should be established for the period starting 2021.










(3)


Pursuing the achievement of the Union's objectives and targets set by environmental, climate and 
relevant
 energy legislation, policy, plans and international commitments, the 
LIFE
 Programme should contribute 
in line with a just transition
 to the shift towards a 
sustainable
, circular, energy-efficient, 
renewable energy-based,
 climate-
neutral and -
resilient economy, to the protection
, restoration
 and improvement of the quality of the environment
, including air, water
 and 
soil, and health,
 to halting and reversing biodiversity loss
, including through supporting the implementation and management of the Natura2000 network and tackling the degradation of ecosystems
, either through direct interventions or by supporting the integration of those objectives in other policies. 
The LIFE Programme should also support the implementation of the General action programmes adopted in accordance with Article 192(3) TFEU, such as the 7th Environment Action Programme
 (6).










(4)


The Union is committed to developing a comprehensive response to the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for the Sustainable Development, which highlight the intrinsic connection between the management of natural resources to ensure their long-term availability, ecosystem services, their link to human health and sustainable and socially inclusive economic growth. In this spirit, the 
LIFE
 Programme should 
reflect the principles of solidarity, while making
 a material contribution to both economic development and social cohesion.












(4a)






With a view to promoting sustainable development, environmental and climate protection requirements should be integrated into the definition and implementation of all Union policies and activities. Synergies and complementarity with other Union funding programmes should, therefore, be promoted, including by facilitating the funding of activities that complement strategic integrated projects and strategic nature projects and support the uptake and replication of solutions developed under the LIFE Programme. Coordination is required to prevent double funding. The Commission and Member States should take steps to prevent administrative overlap and burden on project beneficiaries, arising from reporting obligations from different financial instruments.












(5)


The 
LIFE
 Programme should contribute to sustainable development and to the achievement of the objectives and targets of the Union environment, climate and relevant ▌energy legislation, strategies, plans and international commitments, in particular the United Nations 2030 Agenda for the Sustainable Development (7), the Convention on Biological Diversity (8) and the Paris Agreement adopted under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (9) (‘Paris Agreement on Climate Change’),.
and among others the UNECE Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters (the ‘Aarhus Convention’), the UNECE Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution, the UN Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal, the UN Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade and the UN Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants
.
▌












(6a)






The Union attaches great importance to the long-term sustainability of the results of LIFE projects, and to the capacity to secure and maintain those results after project implementation, inter alia by project continuation, replication and/or transfer.












(7)


Complying with the Union's commitments under the Paris Agreement on Climate Change requires the transformation of the Union into 
a sustainable, circular,
 energy efficient, 
renewable energy-based, climate-neutral and -
resilient society. This in turn requires actions, with a special focus on sectors that contribute most to the current levels of 
greenhouse gas
 output and pollution, 
promoting energy efficiency and renewable energy, as well as
 contributing to the implementation of the 2030 energy and climate policy framework and the Member States' Integrated National Energy and Climate Plans and 
to the implementation of
 the Union's mid-century and long-term climate and energy strategy, 
in line with the long-term objectives of the Paris Agreement
. The 
LIFE
 Programme should also include measures contributing to the implementation of the Union's climate adaptation policy to decrease vulnerability to the adverse effects of climate change.












(7a)






Projects under the new Clean Energy Transition sub-programme of the LIFE Programme should focus on the creation of capacity building and diffusion of knowledge, skills, innovative techniques, methods and solutions for reaching the objectives of the Union legislation and policy on the transition to renewable energy and increased energy efficiency. These are typically coordination and support actions of high EU added-value, aiming to break market barriers that hamper the socio-economic transition to sustainable energy, typically engaging small and middle-size stakeholders, multiple actors including local and regional public authorities and non-profit organisations. These actions bring multiple co-benefits, such as tackling energy poverty, improved indoor air quality, reducing local pollutants thanks to energy efficiency improvements and increased distributed renewable energies, and contributing to positive local economic effects and more socially inclusive growth.












(8)




In order to contribute
 to the mitigation of climate change 
and the Union’s international commitments for decarbonisation, the transformation of the energy sector needs to be accelerated
. Actions for capacity building supporting energy, 
efficiency and renewable energy
 funded until 2020 under Horizon 2020 (10), should be integrated in the 
new Clean Energy Transition sub-programme of the LIFE
 Programme since their objective is not to fund excellence and generate innovation, but to facilitate the uptake of already available technology 
for renewable energy and energy efficiency,
 that will contribute to climate mitigation. 
The LIFE Programme should involve all stakeholders and sectors involved in a clean energy transition
. The inclusion of these capacity building activities into the 
LIFE
 Programme offers potential for synergies between the sub-programmes and increases the overall coherence of Union funding. Therefore, data should be collected and disseminated on the uptake of existing research and innovation solutions in the LIFE projects, including from the Horizon Europe programme and its predecessors.










(9)


The impact 
assessment for the amendment
 of the ▌Energy 
Efficiency Directive
 (11)

estimates
 that the delivery of the Union's 2030 energy targets will require additional investments of EUR 177 billion annually in the period 2021-2030. The biggest gaps relate to the investments in buildings decarbonisation (energy efficiency and small-scale renewable energy sources), where capital needs to be channelled towards projects of highly distributed nature. One of the objectives of the Clean Energy Transition sub-programme
, which covers rapid deployment of renewable energy and energy efficiency,
 is to build capacity for 
the
 development and aggregation 
of such projects
, thereby also helping to absorb funds from the European Structural and Investment Funds and catalyse investments in 
renewable
 energy 
and energy efficiency,
 also using the financial instruments provided under InvestEU.










(
9a)






The LIFE programme is the only programme dedicated specifically to environment and climate action, and therefore plays a crucial role in supporting the implementation of Union legislation and policies in those areas.












(10)


Synergies with Horizon Europe should 
facilitate
 that research and innovation needs to tackle environmental, climate and energy challenges within the EU are identified and established during Horizon Europe's strategic research and innovation planning process. 
The
 LIFE 
Programme
 should continue to act as a catalyst for implementing EU environment, climate and 
relevant
 energy policy and legislation, including by taking up and applying research and innovation results from Horizon Europe and help deploying them on a larger scale where it can help address environmental, climate or ▌energy transition issues. Horizon Europe's European Innovation Council can provide support to scale up and commercialise new breakthrough ideas that may result from the implementation of LIFE projects. 
Similarly, synergies with the Innovation Fund under the Emission Trading System should also be taken into account.












(11)


An action that has received a contribution from the 
LIFE
 Programme can also receive a contribution from any other 
Union programme
, provided that the contributions do not cover the same costs. Actions that receive cumulative funding from different Union programmes 
should
 be audited only once, covering all involved programmes and their respective applicable rules.










(12)


The ▌most recent 
Commission Communication on the
 Environmental Implementation Review 
(EIR)
 (12) indicates that significant progress is required to accelerate implementation of the Union environment acquis and enhance the integration 
and mainstreaming
 of environmental and climate objectives into other policies. The 
LIFE
 Programme should therefore act as a catalyst 
to tackle horizontal, systemic challenges as well as the root causes for implementation deficiencies as identified in the EIR and
 to achieve the required progress through developing, testing and replicating new approaches; supporting policy development, monitoring and review; 
improving governance on environmental, climate change and related energy transition matters, including through
 enhancing stakeholder involvement 
at all levels, capacity building, communication and awareness
; mobilising investments across Union investment programmes or other financial sources and supporting actions to overcome the various obstacles to the effective implementation of key plans required by environment legislation.










(13)


Halting and reversing biodiversity loss
, the degradation of ecosystems
, including in marine ecosystems, requires support for the development, implementation, enforcement and assessment of relevant Union legislation and policy, including the EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2020 (13), Council Directive 92/43/EEC (14) and Directive 2009/147/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (15) and Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council (16), in particular by developing the knowledge base for policy development and implementation and by developing, testing, demonstrating and applying best practices and solutions
, such as effective management,
 on small scale or tailored to specific local, regional or national contexts, including integrated approaches for the implementation of the prioritised action frameworks prepared on the basis of Directive 92/43/EEC. The Union 
and the Member States
 should track 
their
 biodiversity-related expenditure to fulfil 
their
 reporting obligations under the Convention on Biological Diversity. Requirements for tracking in other relevant Union legislation should also be met. 
Biodiversity-related Union spending will be tracked using a specific set of markers
 (17).










(14)


Recent evaluations and assessments, including the mid-term review of the EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2020 and the Fitness Check of Nature legislation, indicate that one of the main underlying causes for insufficient implementation of Union nature legislation and of the biodiversity strategy is the lack of adequate financing. The main Union funding instruments, including the [European Regional Development Fund, the Cohesion Fund, the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development and the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund], can make a significant contribution towards meeting those needs
, on a complementary basis
. The 
LIFE
 Programme can further improve the efficiency of such mainstreaming through strategic nature projects dedicated to catalysing the implementation of Union nature and biodiversity legislation and policy, including the actions set out in the Priority Action Frameworks developed in accordance with Directive 92/43/EEC. The strategic nature projects should support programmes of actions in Member States for the mainstreaming of relevant nature and biodiversity objectives into other policies and financing programmes, thus ensuring that appropriate funds are mobilised for implementing these policies. Member States could decide within their Strategic Plan for the Common Agricultural Policy to use a certain share of the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development allocation to leverage support for actions that complement the Strategic Nature Projects as defined under this Regulation.










(15)


The voluntary scheme for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in Territories of European Overseas (BEST) promotes the conservation of biodiversity, including marine biodiversity, and sustainable use of ecosystem services, including ecosystem-based approaches to climate change adaptation and mitigation, in the Union's Outermost Regions and Overseas Countries and Territories. 
Through the BEST preparatory action adopted in 2011 and the subsequent BEST 2.0 Programme and BEST RUP project,
 BEST has helped to raise awareness for the ecological importance of the Outermost Regions and Overseas Countries and Territories 
and their key role in
 conserving global biodiversity. 
The Commission estimates that the need for financial support for projects on the ground in those territories is EUR 8 million per year
. In their Ministerial Declarations in 2017 and 2018, Overseas Countries and Territories have expressed their appreciation for this small grant scheme for biodiversity. It is 
therefore
 appropriate 
for
 the 
LIFE
 Programme to 
finance
 small grants for biodiversity
, including capacity building and catalytic actions,
 in both the Outermost Regions and the Overseas Countries and Territories.










(16)


Promoting the circular economy 
and resource efficiency
 requires a ▌shift in the way of designing, producing, consuming
, repairing, reusing, recycling
 and disposing of materials and products, including plastics
, focusing on the whole life cycle of products.
 The 
LIFE
 Programme should contribute to the transition to a circular economy model through financial support targeting a variety of actors (businesses, public authorities and consumers), in particular by applying, developing, and replicating best technology, practices and solutions tailored to specific local, regional or national contexts, including through integrated approaches for the 
application of the waste hierarchy and the
 implementation of waste management and prevention plans. Through supporting the implementation of 
Commission Communications of 16 January 2018 on ‘A European Strategy for
 Plastics 
in a Circular Economy’
, action can be taken to address the problem of marine litter in particular.












(16a)






A high level of environmental protection is of fundamental importance for the health and well-being of Union citizens. The Programme should support the Union’s objective to produce and use chemicals in ways that lead to the minimisation of significant adverse effects on human health and the environment, with a view to reaching the objective of a non-toxic environment in the EU. The Programme should also support activities to facilitate the implementation of Directive 2002/49/EC of the Parliament and of the Council
 (18)

in order to achieve noise levels that do not give rise to significant negative impacts on and risks to human health.’












(17)


The Union's long-term objective for air policy is to achieve levels of air quality that do not cause significant negative impacts on and risks to human health 
and the environment, while reinforcing the synergies between air quality improvements and greenhouse gas emission reduction
. Public awareness about air pollution is high and citizens expect authorities to act
, in particular in areas where the population and ecosystems are exposed to high levels of air pollutants
. Directive (EU) 2016/2284 of the European Parliament and of the Council (19) stresses the role Union funding can play in achieving clean air objectives. Therefore, the 
LIFE
 Programme should support projects, including strategic integrated projects, which have the potential to leverage public and private funds, to be showcases of good practice and catalysts for the implementation of air quality plans and legislation at local, regional, multi-regional, national and trans-national level.










(18)


Directive 2000/60/EC (20) established a framework for the protection of the Union’s surface waters, coastal waters, transitional waters and groundwater. The objectives of 
that
 Directive are supported by ▌better implementation and integration of water policy objectives into other policy areas. The 
LIFE
 Programme should therefore support projects which contribute to the effective implementation of Directive 2000/60/EC and of other 
relevant
 Union water legislation that contributes to achieving a good status of the Union’s water bodies through applying, developing and replicating best practices, as well as through mobilising complementary actions under other Union programmes or financial sources.










(19)


The protection and restoration of the marine environment is one of the overall aims of the Union's environment policy. The 
LIFE
 Programme should support the following: the management, conservation, restoration and monitoring of biodiversity and marine ecosystems in particular in Natura 2000 marine sites and the protection of species in accordance with the prioritised action frameworks developed pursuant to Directive 92/43/EEC; the achievement of Good Environmental Status in line with the Directive 2008/56/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (21); the promotion of clean and healthy seas; the implementation of the 
Commission communication
 on strategy for plastic in a circular economy, to address the problem of lost fishing gear and marine litter in particular; and the promotion of the Union's involvement in international ocean governance which is essential for achieving the goals of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and to guarantee healthy oceans for future generations. The 
LIFE
 Programme's strategic integrated projects and strategic nature projects should include relevant actions aiming at the protection of the marine environment.










(20)


The improvement of governance on environmental, climate change and related ▌energy transition matters requires involvement of civil society by raising public awareness, 
including through a communication strategy that takes into account new media and social networks,
 consumer engagement, and broadening of stakeholder involvement 
at all levels
, including non-governmental organisations, in consultation on and implementation of related policies. 
It is, therefore, appropriate that the Programme support a broad range of NGOs as well as networks of non-profit-making entities that pursue an aim which is of general Union interest, and that are primarily active in the field of environment or climate action, by awarding, in a competitive and transparent manner, operating grants, in order to help such NGOs, networks and entities to make effective contributions to Union policy, and to build up and strengthen their capacity to become more efficient partners.












(21)


Whilst improving governance at all levels should be a cross-cutting objective for all sub-programmes of the 
LIFE
 Programme, the 
LIFE
 Programme should support the development and implementation 
and enforcement of, and compliance with, the environment and climate acquis, in particular
 of the horizontal legislation on the environmental governance, including the legislation implementing the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-Making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters (22).










(22)


The 
LIFE
 Programme should prepare and support market players for the shift towards a 
sustainable
, circular, energy-efficient, 
renewable energy-based, climate-neutral and
 -resilient economy by testing new business opportunities, upgrading professional skills, facilitating consumers' access to sustainable products and services, engaging and empowering influencers and testing novel methods to adapt the existing processes and business landscape. To support a broader market uptake of sustainable solutions, general public acceptance and consumer engagement should be promoted.












(22a)






The Programme is designed to support the demonstration of techniques, approaches and best practices that can be replicated and upscaled. Innovative solutions would contribute to the improvement of environmental performance and sustainability, in particular for the development of sustainable farming practices in the areas active in the fields of climate, water, soil, biodiversity and waste. Synergies with other programmes and policies, such as the European Innovation Partnership for Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability and the EU Eco-Management and Audit Scheme, should be emphasised in this regard.












(23)


At Union level, large investments in environmental and climate actions are primarily funded by major Union funding programmes (mainstreaming). 
It is therefore imperative to step up the mainstreaming efforts, to ensure sustainability, biodiversity and climate proofing of other Union funding programmes and the integration of sustainability safeguards in all Union instruments
. In the context of their catalytic role, strategic integrated projects and strategic nature projects to be developed under the 
LIFE
 Programme should leverage financing opportunities under those funding programmes and other sources of funding such as national funds, and create synergies.












(23a)






The success of strategic nature projects and strategic integrated projects depends on close cooperation between national, regional and local authorities and the non-state actors affected by the Programme's objectives. The principles of transparency and disclosure regarding decisions concerning the development, implementation, assessment and monitoring of projects should, therefore, be applied, in particular in the case of mainstreaming or when multiple funding sources are involved.













(24)




Reflecting the importance of tackling climate change


in a coordinated and ambitious manner,


in line with the Union's commitments to implement the Paris Agreement and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals,


the




LIFE


Programme will contribute to mainstream climate actions and to the achievement of an overall target of


at least


25 % of the EU budget expenditures supporting climate objectives


over the MFF 2021-2027 period, and an annual target of 30 % as soon as possible and at the latest by 2027


. Actions under


the




LIFE


Programme are expected to contribute 61 % of the overall financial envelope of the


LIFE


Programme to climate objectives. Relevant actions will be identified during the


LIFE


Programme's preparation and implementation, and reassessed in the context of the relevant evaluations and review processes.











(25)


In the implementation of the 
LIFE
 Programme due consideration should be given to the strategy for outermost regions (23) in view of Article 349 TFEU and the specific needs and vulnerabilities of these regions. Union policies other than environmental, climate and relevant energy policies should also be taken into account.










(26)


In support of the implementation of the 
LIFE
 Programme, the Commission should collaborate with the 
LIFE
 Programme’s National Contact Points 
(NCP) network in order to stimulate cooperation aiming to improve and make NCP services across the EU more effective, as well as to increase the overall quality of proposals submitted
, organise seminars and workshops, publish lists of projects funded under the 
LIFE
 Programme or undertake other activities
, such as media campaigns, in order to better
 disseminate project results and to facilitate exchanges of experience, knowledge and best practices and the replication of project results across the Union
, thus promoting cooperation and communication
. Such activities should in particular target Member States with a low uptake of funds and should facilitate the communication and cooperation between project beneficiaries, applicants or stakeholders of completed and ongoing projects in the same field. 
It is essential that such communication and cooperation activities are addressed to regional and local authorities and stakeholders.














(26a)






Quality is the criterion governing the project evaluation and award process in the LIFE Programme. In order to facilitate the implementation of the objectives of the LIFE Programme across the Union and to promote high quality of project proposals, funding for technical assistance projects for the effective participation in the LIFE Programme should be made available. The Commission should pursue an effective, quality-based geographical coverage across the Union, including by supporting Member States to increase the quality of the projects through capacity building. Specification of low effective participation and eligible activities and award criteria to the LIFE Programme will be set out in the Multiannual Work Programme guided by participation and success rate of applicants from the respective Member States taking into account, among others, population and population density, total area of Natura 2000 sites for each Member State expressed as a proportion of the total area of Natura 2000 and proportion of a Member State's territory covered by Natura 2000 sites. Eligible activities should be of such nature that they aim at improving the quality of project applications.












(27)


The European Union Network for the Implementation and Enforcement of Environmental Law (IMPEL), the European Network of Prosecutors for the Environment (ENPE) and the European Union Forum of judges for the environment (EUFJE (24)) have been created to facilitate the collaboration between Member States and play a unique role in the enforcement of the Union environmental legislation. They provide a substantial contribution to reinforce consistency in the implementation and enforcement of Union environmental legislation across the Union, avoiding distortions of competition, contribute to improving the quality of the environmental inspection and the law enforcement mechanisms through a networking system at both, Union and Member State level, and provide exchange of information and experience at different administrative levels, as well as through training and in-depth discussions on environmental issues and enforcement aspects, including monitoring and permitting processes. In view of their contribution to the objectives of the 
LIFE
 Programme, it is appropriate to authorise the award of grants to IMPEL, ENPE and EUFJE without a call for proposals so as to continue to provide support to the activities of these associations. In addition, in other cases a call may not be required pursuant to the general requirements of the Financial Regulation, e.g. for bodies designated by the Member States and operating under their responsibility, where those Member States are identified as beneficiaries of a grant by a legislative act of the Union.










(28)


It is appropriate to lay down a financial envelope for the 
LIFE
 Programme which is to constitute the prime reference amount, within the meaning of point 17 of the Interinstitutional Agreement of 2 December 2013 between the European Parliament, the Council and the Commission on budgetary discipline, on cooperation in budgetary matters and on sound financial management (25), for the European Parliament and the Council during the annual budgetary procedure.












(28a)






The maximum co-financing rates should be set at levels which are necessary to maintain the effective level of support provided by the Programme. In order to take into account the necessary adaptability that is needed to respond to the existing range of actions and entities, specific co-financing rates will facilitate certainty, while maintaining a degree flexibility that be afforded as per specific needs or requirements. The specific co-financing rates should always be subject to the established relevant maximum co-financing rates.













(29)




Horizontal financial rules adopted by the European Parliament and the Council on the basis of Article 322 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union apply to this Regulation. These rules are laid down in the Financial Regulation and determine in particular the procedure for establishing and implementing the budget through grants, procurement, prizes, indirect implementation, and provide for checks on the responsibility of financial actors. Rules adopted on the basis of Article 322 TFEU also concern the protection of the Union's budget in case of generalised deficiencies as regards the rule of law in the Member States, as the respect for the rule of law is an essential precondition for sound financial management and effective EU funding.











(30)


In accordance with 
Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2018/1046 of the European Parliament and of the Council
 (26) (the Financial Regulation), Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 883/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council (27)

, Council Regulation
 (Euratom, EC) No 2988/95 (28), 
Council Regulation
 (Euratom, EC) No 2185/96 (29) and 
Council Regulation
 (EU) 2017/1939 (30), the financial interests of the Union are to be protected through proportionate measures, including the prevention, detection, correction and investigation of irregularities
, including
 fraud, the recovery of funds lost, wrongly paid or incorrectly used and, where appropriate, the imposition of administrative sanctions. In particular, in accordance with 
Regulation
 (EU, Euratom) No 883/2013 and 
Regulation
 (Euratom, EC) No 2185/96, the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF) may carry out 
administrative
 investigations, including on-the-spot checks and inspections, with a view to establishing whether there has been fraud, corruption or any other illegal activity affecting the financial interests of the Union.
In accordance with Regulation (EU) 2017/1939, the European Public Prosecutor's Office (
‘the EPPO’
) may investigate and prosecute 
offences against the Union's
 financial interests, provided for in Directive (EU) 2017/1371 of the European Parliament and of the Council (31). In accordance with the Financial Regulation, any person or entity receiving Union funds is to fully cooperate in the protection of the Union’s financial interests
, to
 grant the necessary rights and access to the Commission, OLAF, the ▌EPPO 
in respect of those Member States participating in enhanced cooperation pursuant to Regulation (EU
) 
2017/1939,
 and the European Court of Auditors (ECA), and to ensure that any third parties involved in the implementation of Union funds grant equivalent rights.










(31)


The types of financing and the methods of implementation should be chosen on the basis of their ability to achieve the specific objectives of the actions and to deliver results, taking into account, in particular, the costs of controls, the administrative burden, and the expected risk of non-compliance. As regards grants, this should include consideration of the use of lump sums, flat rates and scales of unit costs. 
The Commission should ensure that implementation is easy to understand, and should promote genuine simplification for project developers.












(32)




Where appropriate,
 the policy objectives of the 
LIFE
 Programme should be also addressed through financial instruments and budgetary guarantee under the ▌InvestEU, 
including with the allocated amount from the LIFE Programme as specified within the multiannual work programmes under the LIFE Programme
.










(33)


Pursuant to Article 94 of Council Decision 2013/755/EU (32), entities established in overseas countries and territories are eligible for funding subject to the rules and objectives of the 
LIFE
 Programme and possible arrangements applicable to the Member State to which the relevant overseas country or territory is linked. The participation of these entities to this 
LIFE
 Programme should focus primarily on projects under sub-programme Nature and Biodiversity.











(34)




The Programme should be open to third countries in accordance with the agreements between the Union and those countries establishing the specific conditions for their participation.












(35)




Third countries which are members of the European Economic Area (EEA) may participate in Union programmes in the framework of the cooperation established under the EEA agreement, which provides for the implementation of the programmes by a decision under that agreement. Third countries may also participate on the basis of other legal instruments. A specific provision should be introduced in this Regulation to grant the necessary rights for and access to the authorizing officer responsible, the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF) as well as the European Court of Auditors to comprehensively exert their respective competences.











(36)


Pursuant to points 22 and 23 of the Inter-institutional agreement of 13 April 2016 on Better Law-Making, there is a need to evaluate 
the LIFE
 Programme on the basis of information collected through specific monitoring requirements, while avoiding overregulation and administrative burdens, in particular on Member States. These requirements, where appropriate, may include measurable indicators, as a basis for evaluating the effects of the 
LIFE
 Programme on the ground. The full impact of the 
LIFE
 Programme accrues through indirect, long-term and difficult-to-measure contributions towards achieving the full range of Union environment and climate objectives. For monitoring of the 
LIFE
 Programme, direct output indicators and tracking requirements set out in this Regulation should be complemented by aggregation of specific project level indicators to be described in 
multiannual
 work programmes or calls for proposals, inter alia regarding Natura 2000 and emissions of certain atmospheric pollutants.












(36a)






In order to ensure uniform conditions for the implementation of this Regulation relating to the adoption of the multiannual work programmes, implementing powers should be conferred on the Commission. Those powers should be exercised in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council
 (33)

. If the Committee for the LIFE Programme does not deliver any opinion on a draft implementing act, the Commission should, in accordance with the second subparagraph of Article 5(4) of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011, not adopt the draft implementing act.












(37)


In order to 
ensure that support from and implementation
 of the 
Programme is consistent with the policies and priorities of the Union,
 the power to adopt acts in accordance with Article 290 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union should be delegated to the Commission
, in order
 to amend the indicators 
or supplement this Regulation in respect
 of the indicators, 
and for the establishment of the monitoring and evaluation framework
. It is of particular importance that the Commission carry out appropriate consultations during its preparatory work, including at expert level, and that those consultations be conducted in accordance with the principles laid down in the Interinstitutional Agreement of 13 April 2016 on Better Law-Making. In particular, to ensure equal participation in the preparation of delegated acts, the European Parliament and the Council receive all documents at the same time as Member States' experts, and their experts systematically have access to meetings of Commission expert groups dealing with the preparation of delegated acts.










(38)


Since the objectives of this Regulation, namely contributing to 
a high level of environmental protection and ambitious climate action with good governance and a multi-stakeholder approach
 sustainable development and to the achievement of the objectives and targets of the Union environment, 
biodiversity,
 climate
, circular economy,
 and relevant 
renewable
 energy 
and energy efficiency
 legislation, strategies, plans or international commitments cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States but can rather, by reason of scale and effects of this Regulation, be better achieved at Union level, the Union may adopt measures, in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity as set out in Article 5 of the Treaty on European Union. In accordance with the principle of proportionality as set out in that Article, this Regulation does not go beyond what is necessary in order to achieve those objectives.










(39)


Regulation (EU) No 1293/2013 should therefore be repealed,




HAVE ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:
CHAPTER I
GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1
Subject matter
This Regulation establishes a Programme for the Environment and Climate Action (LIFE) (the ‘
LIFE
 Programme’).
It lays down the objectives of the 
LIFE
 Programme, the budget for the period 2021-2027, the forms of Union funding and the rules for providing such funding.


Article 2
Definitions
For the purposes of this Regulation, the following definitions apply:






(1)


‘strategic nature projects’ means projects that support the achievement of Union nature and biodiversity objectives by implementing coherent programmes of action in the Member States to mainstream these objectives and priorities into other policies and financing instruments, including through coordinated implementation of the priority action frameworks established pursuant to Directive 92/43/EEC;










(2)


‘strategic integrated projects’ means projects that implement on a regional, multi-regional, national or transnational scale, environmental or climate strategies or action plans developed by Member States' authorities and required by specific environmental, climate or relevant ▌energy Union legislation or policy, while ensuring involvement of stakeholders and promoting the coordination with and mobilisation of at least one other Union, national or private funding source;










(3)


‘technical assistance projects’ means projects that support the development of capacity to participate in standard action projects, the preparation of 
strategic nature projects and
 strategic integrated projects, the preparation for accessing other Union financial instruments or other measures necessary for preparing the upscaling or replication of results from other projects funded by the 
LIFE
 Programme, its predecessor programmes or other Union programmes, in view of pursuing the objectives set out in Article 3. 
Such projects may also include capacity-building related to the activities of Member States authorities for effective participation in the LIFE Programme
;










(4)


‘standard action projects’ means projects, other than strategic integrated projects, strategic nature projects or technical assistance projects, that pursue the specific objectives of the Programme set out in Article 3(2);










(5)


‘blending operations’ means actions supported by the Union budget, including within blending facilities pursuant to Article 2(6) of Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2018/… (‘the Financial Regulation’), combining non-repayable forms of support and/or financial instruments from the Union budget with repayable forms of support from development or other public finance institutions, as well as from commercial finance institutions and investors;










(6)


‘legal entity’ means any natural or legal person created and recognised as such under national law, Union law or international law, which has legal personality and which may, acting in its own name, exercise rights and be subject to obligations, or an entity without a legal personality in accordance with Article 190(2)(c) of the Financial Regulation.






Article 3
Programme objectives

1.   The general objective of the 
LIFE
 Programme 
shall be
 to contribute to the shift towards a 
sustainable
, circular, energy-efficient, 
renewable energy-based, climate-neutral and -resilient
 economy, 
to protect, restore and improve
 the quality of the environment
, including the air, water and soil,
 and to 
halt and reverse
 biodiversity loss 
and to tackle the degradation of ecosystems, including through supporting the implementation and management of the Natura 2000 network
, thereby contributing to sustainable development. 
The LIFE Programme shall also support the implementation of General action programmes adopted in accordance with Article 192(3) TFEU
.


2.   The 
LIFE
 Programme 
shall have
 the following specific objectives:






(a)


to develop, demonstrate and promote innovative techniques
, methods
 and approaches for reaching the objectives of the Union legislation and policy on environment
, including nature and biodiversity, and on
 climate action, including the transition to 
renewable
 energy 
and increased energy efficiency
, and to contribute 
to the knowledge base and
 to the application of best practice
, in particular
 in relation to nature and biodiversity
, including through the support of the Natura 2000 network
;










(b)


to support the development, implementation, monitoring and enforcement of the relevant Union legislation and policy 
on environment, including nature and biodiversity, and on climate action and the transition to renewable energy or increased energy efficiency
, including by improving governance 
at all levels, in particular
 through enhancing capacities of public and private actors and the involvement of civil society;










(c)


to catalyse the large-scale deployment of successful technical and policy-related solutions for implementing the relevant Union legislation and policy 
on environment, including nature and biodiversity, and on climate action and the transition to renewable energy or increased energy efficiency
 by replicating results, integrating related objectives into other policies and into public and private sector practices, mobilising investment and improving access to finance.







Article 4
▌Structure

The 
LIFE
 Programme 
shall be
 structured as follows:






(1)


the field Environment, which includes:






(a)


the sub-programme Nature and Biodiversity;










(b)


the sub-programme Circular Economy and Quality of Life














(2)


the field Climate Action, which includes:






(a)


the sub-programme Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation;










(b)


the sub-programme Clean Energy Transition.










Article 5
Budget


1.   The financial envelope for the implementation of the Programme for the period 2021-2027 shall be EUR


6 442 000 000 in 2018 prices


(EUR


7 272 000 000


in current prices).




2.   The indicative distribution of the amount referred to in paragraph 1 shall be:








(a)




EUR


4 715 000 000




in 2018 prices (


EUR


5 322 000 000




in current prices,




which constitutes 73,2 % of the total financial envelope of the Programme


) for the field Environment, of which








(1)




EUR


2 829 000 000 in 2018 prices


(EUR


3 261 420 000




in current prices




which constitutes 44,9 % of the total financial envelope of the Programme


) for the sub-programme Nature and Biodiversity and












(2)




EUR


1 886 000 000 in 2018 prices


(EUR


2 060 580 000




in current prices which constitutes 28,3 % of the total financial envelope of the Programme


) for the sub-programme Circular Economy and Quality of Life;
















(b)




EUR 1 950 000 000 for the field Climate Action, of which








(1)




EUR 950 000 000 for the sub-programme Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation and












(2)




EUR 1 000 000 000 for the sub-programme Clean Energy Transition.












3.   The amounts referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 shall be without prejudice to provisions on flexibility set out in Regulation (EU) … of the European Parliament and of the Council (34) [the new Multiannual Financial Framework Regulation] and the Financial Regulation.





3a.
   
Notwithstanding paragraph 2, at least 60 % of the budgetary resources allocated to projects supported by way of action grants under the field Environment referred to in point (a) in paragraph 2 shall be dedicated to grants for projects supporting the Sub-programme Nature and Biodiversity referred to in point i) of point (a) in paragraph 2.




4.   The 
LIFE Programme may finance
 technical and administrative assistance 
activities by the Commission
 for the implementation of the 
LIFE
 Programme, such as preparatory, monitoring, control, audit and evaluation activities including corporate information technology systems 
and network activities supporting the LIFE Programme’s National Contact Points, including training, mutual learning activities and events to share experience
.


5.   The Programme may finance activities implemented by the Commission in support of the preparation, implementation and mainstreaming of Union environmental, climate or relevant ▌energy ▌legislation and policies for the purpose of achieving the objectives set out in Article 3. Such activities may include:






(a)


information and communication, including awareness raising campaigns. Financial resources allocated to communication activities pursuant to this Regulation shall also cover corporate communication regarding the political priorities of the Union, as well as regarding the implementation and transposition status of Union environmental, climate or relevant energy legislation;










(b)


studies, surveys, modelling and scenario building;










(c)


preparation, implementation, monitoring, checking and evaluation of ▌ policies, programmes and legislation, as well as assessment and analysis of projects not funded by the LIFE Programme, if they serve the purposes of the objectives as set out in Article 3
;










(d)


workshops, conferences and meetings;










(e)


networking and best-practice platforms;










(f)


other activities, 
such as prizes
.








Article 6


Third countries associated to the Programme



1.   

Subject to fully complying with all its rules and regulations,


the Programme shall be open to the following third countries:








(a)




European Free Trade Association (EFTA) members which are members of the European Economic Area (EEA), in accordance with the conditions laid down in the EEA agreement;












(b)




acceding countries, candidate countries and potential candidates, in accordance with the general principles and general terms and conditions for the participation of those countries in Union programmes established in the respective framework agreements and Association Council decisions, or similar agreements and in accordance with the specific conditions laid down in agreements between the Union and those countries;












(c)




countries covered by the European Neighbourhood Policy, in accordance with the general principles and general terms and conditions for the participation of those countries in Union programmes established in the respective framework agreements and association council decisions, or similar agreements, and in accordance with the specific conditions laid down in agreements between the Union and those countries;












(d)




other third countries, in accordance with the conditions laid down in a specific agreement covering the participation of the third country to any Union programme, provided that the agreement







—



ensures a fair balance as regards the contributions and benefits of the third country participating in the Union programmes;











—



lays down the conditions of participation in the programmes, including the calculation of financial contributions to individual programmes and their administrative costs. These contributions shall constitute assigned revenues in accordance with Article [21(5)] of the Financial Regulation;











—



does not confer to the third country a decisional power on the programme;











—



guarantees the rights of the Union to ensure sound financial management and to protect its financial interests.












2.   Where a third country participates in the programme by a decision under an international agreement or by virtue of any other legal instrument, the third country shall grant the necessary rights and access required for the authorizing officer responsible, the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF), the European Court of Auditors to comprehensively exert their respective competences. In the case of OLAF, such rights shall include the right to carry out investigations, including on-the-spot checks and inspections, provided for in Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 883/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning investigations conducted by the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF).






Article 6a




International cooperation




In the course of implementing the LIFE Programme, cooperation with relevant international organisations, and with their institutions and bodies, shall be possible where needed for the purpose of achieving the general objectives set out in Article 3.




Article 7
Synergies with other Union programmes
The 
Commission shall facilitate the consistent implementation of the LIFE
 Programme 
and the Commission and the Member States
 shall 
facilitate coherence and coordination
 with the European Regional Development Fund, the European Social Fund+, the Cohesion Fund, the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development, and the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund, Horizon Europe, the Connecting Europe Facility and InvestEU, in order to create synergies, particularly as regards strategic nature projects and strategic integrated projects, and to support the uptake and replication of solutions developed under the 
LIFE
 Programme. 
The Commission and Member States shall pursue complementarity at all levels.




Article 8
Implementation and forms of Union funding

1.   The 
Commission shall implement the LIFE
 Programme ▌ in direct management in accordance with the Financial Regulation or in indirect management with bodies referred to in Article [61(1)(c)] of the Financial Regulation.


2.   The 
LIFE
 Programme may provide funding in any of the forms laid down in the Financial Regulation, in particular grants, prizes and procurement. It may also provide financing in the form of financial instruments within blending operations.




2a.
   
At least 85 % of the budget for the LIFE Programme shall be allocated to grants as referred to in Article 10(2) and 10(5), to projects financed through other forms of funding to the extent specified within the multiannual work programme, or, where appropriate and to the extent specified within the multiannual work programme referred to in Article 17, for financial instruments in the form of blending operations as referred to in Article 8(2). The Commission shall ensure that the projects financed by other forms of funding are fully in line with the objectives set out in Article 3 of this Regulation. The maximum amount allocated to grants as referred to in Article 10(3b) shall be 15 Mio EUR.






2b.
   
The maximum co-financing rates for the eligible actions referred to in points (a), (b), (c) and (d) of Article 10(2) shall be up to 60 % of eligible costs and up to 75 % in the case of projects funded under the sub-programme Nature and Biodiversity, in particular those that concern priority habitats or species for the implementation of Directive 92/43/EEC or the species of birds considered as a priority for funding by the Committee for Adaptation to Technical and Scientific Progress set up pursuant to Article 16 of Directive 2009/147/EC, when necessary to achieve the conservation objective. For the actions referred to in Article 10(5), the maximum co-financing rate shall be 70 % of the eligible costs. Without prejudice to the relevant and determined maximum co-financing rates, specific rates shall be further specified in the multiannual work programme referred to in Article 17. They may be adapted in accordance with the requirements of each sub-programme, project type or type of grant.




For projects as described in art. 10(3b) the maximum co-financing rates shall not exceed 95 % of eligible costs for projects during the period of the first multiannual work programme; for the second multiannual work programme and subject to confirmation in this work programme, the co-financing rate shall be 75 % of eligible costs.






2c.
   
Quality is the criterion governing the project evaluation and award process in the LIFE Programme. The Commission shall pursue an effective, quality-based geographical coverage across the Union, including by supporting Member States to increase the quality of the projects through capacity building.




CHAPTER II
ELIGIBILITY

Article 9
Grants
Grants under the 
LIFE
 Programme shall be awarded and managed in accordance with Title VIII of the Financial Regulation.


Article 10
Eligible actions

1.   Only actions implementing the objectives referred to in Article 3 shall be eligible for funding.


2.   Grants may finance the following types of action:






(a)


strategic nature projects under the sub-programme referred to in point (1)(a) of Article 4;










(b)


strategic integrated projects under the sub-programmes referred to in points (1)(b), (2)(a) and 2(b) of Article 4;










(c)


technical assistance projects;










(d)


standard action projects;










(e)


other actions needed for the purpose of achieving the general objective set out in Article 3(1), 
including coordination and support actions aimed at capacity-building, dissemination of information and knowledge, and awareness raising to support the transition to renewable energy and increased energy efficiency.








3.   Projects under the sub-programme Nature and Biodiversity concerning the management, restoration and monitoring of Natura 2000 sites in accordance with Directives 92/43/EEC and 2009/147/EC shall 
take account of priorities set out in national and regional plans, strategies and policies on nature and biodiversity conservation, including in
 prioritised action frameworks established pursuant to Directive 92/43/EEC.




3a.
   
Technical assistance projects for capacity building related to the activities of Member States’ authorities to improve the effective participation in the LIFE programme shall support activities of those Member States with low effective participation, with a view to improving the National Contact Points services across the EU and to increasing the overall quality of proposals submitted.





4.   Grants may finance activities outside


a Member State or an overseas country or territory linked to it


, provided that the project pursues Union environmental and climate objectives and the activities outside the Union are necessary to ensure the effectiveness of interventions carried out in Member State territories


or an overseas country or territory, or to support international agreements to which the Union is party

.


5.   Operating grants shall support the functioning of non-profit making entities which are involved in the development, implementation and enforcement of Union legislation and policy and which are primarily active in the field of environment or climate action, including energy transition
, in line with the objectives of the LIFE Programme referred to in Article 3
.



Article 11
Eligible entities

1.   The eligibility criteria set out in paragraph 2 to 3 shall apply in addition to the criteria set out in Article [197] of the Financial Regulation.


2.   The following entities 
shall be
 eligible:






(a)


legal entities established in any of the following countries or territories:






(1)


a Member State or an overseas country or territory linked to it;










(2)


a third country associated to the 
LIFE
 Programme;










(3)


other third countries listed in the 
multiannual
 work programme 
referred to in Article 17,
 under the conditions specified in paragraphs 4 to 6 
of this Article
;














(b)


any legal entity created under Union law or any international organisation.






3.   Natural persons 
shall
 not 
be
 eligible.



4.   Legal entities established in a third country which is not associated to the Programme are exceptionally eligible to participate where this is necessary for the achievement of the objectives of a given action to ensure the effectiveness of interventions carried out in the Union.




5.   Legal entities participating in consortia of at least three independent entities, established in different Member States or overseas countries or territories linked to those states or third countries associated to the Programme or other third countries, are eligible.




6.   Legal entities established in a third country which is not associated to the Programme should in principle bear the cost of their participation.






6a.

   

In order to ensure effective use of the Programme’s funds and efficient participation by the legal entities referred to in paragraph 4, the Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 21 to supplement this Article by laying down the extent to which participation by those legal entities in the environmental and climate policy conducted by the Union is sufficient for them to be considered eligible for the Programme

.



Article 12


Direct award


Without prejudice to Article [188] of the Financial Regulation, grants may be awarded without a call for proposals to the bodies listed in Annex I.


Article 13


Specification of
 award criteria


The Commission shall set out
 award criteria 
in the multiannual work programme referred to in Article 17 and
 the calls for proposals taking into account the following 
principles
:






(a)


projects financed by the 
LIFE
 Programme shall 
be of Union interest by making a significant contribution to the achievement of and shall not undermine the general and specific
 objectives of the 
LIFE
 Programme 
referred to in Article 3 and
, 
whenever
 possible, shall promote the use of green public procurement;












(aa)






projects shall ensure a cost-effective approach and be technically and financially coherent;














(ab)






projects with the highest potential contribution for the achievement of the objectives set out in Article 3 shall be given priority;












(b)


projects that provide co-benefits and promote synergies between the sub-programmes referred to in Article 4 shall 
benefit from a bonus in their evaluation
;










(c)


projects with the highest potential of being replicated and taken-up by the public or private sector or of mobilising the largest investments or financial resources (catalytic potential) shall 
benefit from a bonus in their evaluation
;










(d)


the replicability of standard action project results shall be ensured;










(e)


projects that build on or upscale the results of other projects funded by the 
LIFE
 Programme, its predecessor programmes or with other Union funds shall benefit from a bonus in their evaluation;










(f)


where appropriate, special regard shall be given to projects in geographical areas with specific needs or vulnerabilities, such as areas with specific environmental challenges or natural constraints, trans-border areas, 
areas of high natural value
 or outermost regions.






Article 14
Eligible costs related to purchase of land
In addition to the criteria set out in Article [186] of the Financial Regulation, costs relating to the purchase of land shall be considered eligible provided that the following conditions are fulfilled:






(a)


the purchase will contribute to improving, maintaining and restoring the integrity of the Natura 2000 network set up pursuant to Article 3 of Directive 92/43/EEC, including through improving connectivity by the creation of corridors, stepping stones, or other elements of green infrastructure;










(b)


land purchase is the only or most cost-effective way of achieving the desired conservation outcome;










(c)


the land purchased is reserved in the long term for uses consistent with the specific objectives of the 
LIFE
 Programme;










(d)


the Member State concerned ensures, by way of transfer or otherwise, the long-term assignment of such land to nature conservation purposes.






Article 15
Cumulative, complementary and combined funding

1.   An action that has received a contribution from another Union programme may also receive a contribution under the 
LIFE
 Programme, provided that the contributions do not cover the same costs 
and that the action pursues the environmental or climate objectives set out in Article 3, and does not undermine any of them
. The rules of each contributing Union programme shall apply to its respective contribution to the action. The cumulative funding shall not exceed the total eligible costs of the action and the support from the different Union programmes may be calculated on a pro-rata basis in accordance with the documents setting out the conditions for support.


2.   Actions awarded a Seal of Excellence certification, or which comply with the following cumulative, comparative conditions:






(a)


they have been assessed in a call for proposals under the 
LIFE
 Programme;










(b)


they comply with the minimum quality requirements of that call for proposals;










(c)


they may not be financed under that call for proposals due to budgetary constraints.




may receive support from the European Regional Development Fund, the Cohesion Fund, the European Social Fund+ or the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development, in accordance with paragraph 5 of Article 67 of Regulation (EU) XX [Common Provisions Regulation] and Article 8 or Regulation (EU) XX [Financing, management and monitoring of the Common Agricultural Policy], provided that such actions are consistent with the objectives 
and eligibility criteria
 of the programme concerned. The rules of the Fund providing support shall apply.


CHAPTER III
BLENDING OPERATIONS

Article 16
Blending operations
Blending operations under 
the LIFE
 Programme shall be implemented in accordance with the 
Invest EU Regulation
 and Title X of the Financial Regulation
, with due regard to sustainability and transparency requirements
.

CHAPTER IV
PROGRAMMING, MONITORING, REPORTING AND EVALUATION

Article 17


Multiannual
 work programme

1.   The 
Commission
 shall
, by means of implementing acts, adopt
 multiannual work programmes 
for the LIFE Programme. Those implementing acts shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure
 referred to in Article 
20a(2).




2.   Each multiannual work programme shall specify, in line with the objectives set out in Article 3, the following:






(a)


the allocation of funds within each sub-programme between needs thereunder and between different types of funding, as well as the maximum total amount allocated to grants as referred to in Article 10(2)(a) and 10(2)(b)
;












(aa)






the maximum total amount for financial instruments within blending operations under the LIFE Programme, where applicable;














(ab)






the maximum total amount for grants to be awarded to the bodies listed in Annex I in accordance with Article 12;












(b)


the project topics or specific needs for which there is pre-allocation of funding for the projects referred to in points (c) and (d) of Article 10(2);










(c)


the 
strategies and
 plans 
targeted by strategic integrated projects
 for which funding may be requested for projects as referred to in point (b) of Article 10(2);










(d)


the maximum eligibility period for the implementation of the project;












(da)






indicative timetables for the calls for proposals for the period covered by the multiannual work programme
;












(db)






the technical methodology for the project submission and selection procedure and the award criteria in accordance with the elements referred to in Article 13;














(dc)






the specification of the co-financing rates referred to in Article 8(2b);














(dd)






the maximum co-financing rates for the eligible actions referred to in Article 10(2) e;














(de)






detailed rules concerning the application of cumulative, complementary and combined funding, where relevant;














(df)






the specification of low effective participation and eligible activities and award criteria for technical assistance projects for the capacity building related to the activities of Member States’ authorities for the effective participation in the LIFE programme.










2a.
   
The duration of the first multiannual work programme shall be four years and the duration of the second multiannual work programme shall be three years.






2b.
   
In the framework of the multiannual work programmes the Commission shall publish calls of proposals for the covered period. The Commission shall ensure that unused funds in a given call for proposals are reallocated between the different types of actions referred to in Article 10(2) within the same field.






2c.
   
The Commission shall ensure stakeholder consultation in the development of the multiannual work programmes.





Article 18
Monitoring and reporting

1.   
The Commission shall
 report on progress of the 
LIFE
 Programme towards the achievement of the objectives set out in Article 3 
based on the indicators contained
 in Annex II.


2.   To ensure effective assessment of progress of the 
LIFE
 Programme towards the achievement of its objectives, the Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 21 to amend Annex II to review or complement the indicators where considered necessary
, including in view of their alignment with indicators set out for other Union programmes,
 and to supplement this Regulation with provisions on the establishment of a monitoring and evaluation framework.




2a.
   
The Commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 21 to define on the basis of Annex II specific indicators for each sub-programme and type of projects.




3.   The 
Commission
 shall ensure that data for monitoring programme implementation and results are collected efficiently, effectively, and in a timely manner. To that end 
and according to relevant methodologies
, proportionate reporting requirements shall be imposed on recipients of Union funds to enable the collection of aggregable project-level output and impact indicators, for all relevant specific environment and climate policy objectives, including in relation to Natura 2000 and the emissions of certain atmospheric air pollutants, including CO2.



4.   The Commission shall regularly monitor and report on mainstreaming of climate and biodiversity objectives, including the amount of expenditure. The contribution of this Regulation to the budget-wide target of 25 % of expenditure contributing to climate objectives shall be tracked through the Union climate marker system. Biodiversity-related spending shall be tracked using a specific set of markers. Those tracking methods shall be used to quantify the commitment appropriations expected to contribute respectively to climate and to biodiversity objectives over the Multiannual Financial Framework for 2021-2027 at the appropriate level of disaggregation. The spending shall be presented annually in the budget Programme Statement. The contribution of the Programme to Union climate and biodiversity objectives shall be reported regularly in the context of evaluations and the annual report.



5.   The Commission shall assess synergies between the 
LIFE
 Programme and other complementary Union programmes and between its sub-programmes.



Article 19
Evaluation

1.   
The Commission shall carry out
 evaluations▌ in a timely manner to feed into the decision-making process 
with due regard to coherence, synergies, Union added value and long-term sustainability, using Union’s climate and environment priorities
.


2.   The 
Commission shall perform the mid-term
 evaluation of the 
LIFE
 Programme▌ once there is sufficient information available about the implementation of the Programme, but no later than 
42 months
 after the start of the 
LIFE
 Programme implementation
, making use of the output and result indicators as set in accordance with Annex II
.


The evaluation shall cover at least the following:










(a)






qualitative and quantitative aspects of the implementation of the Programme;














(b)






efficiency of the use of resources;














(c)






the degree to which the objectives of all the measures have been achieved, specifying where possible, results and impacts;














(d)






the actual or expected success of projects in leveraging other Union funds, taking into account, in particular, the benefits of increased coherence with other Union financial instruments;














(e)






the extent to which synergies between the objectives have been reached and its complementarity with other relevant Union programmes;














(f)






the Union added value and long-term impact of the LIFE Programme, with a view to taking a decision on the renewal, modification or suspension of the measures;














(g)






the extent to which stakeholders have been involved;














(h)






a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the contribution of the LIFE Programme to the conservation status of habitats and species listed under Directives 92/43/EEC and 2009/147/EC;














(i)






an analysis of the geographical coverage across the Union, as referred to in article 8(2c), and, if no such coverage is reached, an analysis of the underlying reasons.








3.   At the end of the implementation of the 
LIFE
 Programme, but no later than four years after the end of the period specified in the second paragraph of Article 1, a final evaluation of the 
LIFE
 Programme shall be carried out by the Commission.


4.   The Commission shall communicate the conclusions of the evaluations accompanied by its observations, to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions 
and the Commission shall make the results of the evaluations publicly available
.


CHAPTER V
TRANSITIONAL AND FINAL PROVISIONS

Article 20
Information, communication and publicity

1.   The recipients of Union funding shall acknowledge the origin and ensure the visibility of the Union funding (in particular when promoting the projects and their results), by providing coherent, effective and proportionate targeted information to multiple audiences, including the media and the public. 
For this purpose, the recipients shall use the LIFE Programme logo, depicted in Annex IIa, or, where this is not feasible, mention the LIFE Programme for all communication activities and appear on notice boards at strategic places visible to the public. All durable goods acquired in the framework of the LIFE Programme shall bear the LIFE Programme logo except in cases specified by the Commission.




2.   The Commission shall implement information and communication actions relating to the 
LIFE
 Programme, and its actions and results. Financial resources allocated to the 
LIFE
 Programme shall also contribute to the corporate communication of the political priorities of the Union, as far as they are related to the objectives referred to in Article 3.





Article 20a




Committee procedure





1.
   
The Commission shall be assisted by the Committee for the LIFE Programme. That committee shall be a committee within the meaning of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011.






2.
   
Where reference is made to this paragraph, Article 5 of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 shall apply.






3.
   
Where the Committee delivers no opinion, the Commission shall not adopt the draft implementing act and the third subparagraph of Article 5(4) of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 shall apply.






4.
   
The Commission shall report annually to the Committee on the overall progress of the implementation of the sub-programmes and on particular actions, inter alia on blending operations implemented through budgetary resources allocated from the LIFE Programme.





Article 21
Exercise of the delegation

1.   The power to adopt delegated acts is conferred on the Commission subject to the conditions laid down in this Article.


2.   The power to adopt delegated acts referred to in 
Articles
 18(2) 
and (2a)
 shall be conferred on the Commission until 31 December 2028.


3.   The delegation of power referred to in 
Articles
 18(2) 
and (2a)
 may be revoked at any time by the European Parliament or by the Council. A decision to revoke shall put an end to the delegation of the power specified in that decision. It shall take effect the day following the publication of the decision in the Official Journal of the European Union or at a later date specified therein. It shall not affect the validity of any delegated acts already in force.


4.   Before adopting a delegated act, the Commission shall consult experts designated by each Member State in accordance with the principles laid down in the Interinstitutional Agreement of 13 April 2016 on Better Law-Making.


5.   As soon as it adopts a delegated act, the Commission shall notify it simultaneously to the European Parliament and to the Council.


6.   A delegated act adopted pursuant to 
Articles
 18(2) 
and (2a)
 shall enter into force only if no objection has been expressed either by the European Parliament or the Council within a period of two months of notification of that act to the European Parliament and the Council or if, before the expiry of that period, the European Parliament and the Council have both informed the Commission that they will not object. That period shall be extended by two months at the initiative of the European Parliament or of the Council.



Article 22
Repeal
Regulation (EU) No 1293/2013 
shall be
 repealed with effect from 1 January 2021.


Article 23
Transitional provisions

1.   This Regulation shall not affect the continuation or modification of the actions concerned, until their closure, under Regulation (EC) No 614/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council (35) and under Regulation (EU) No 1293/2013, which shall continue to apply to the projects concerned until their closure.


2.   The financial envelope for the 
LIFE
 Programme may also cover technical and administrative assistance expenses necessary to ensure the transition between the 
LIFE
 Programme and the measures adopted under Regulations (EC) No 614/2007 and (EU) No 1293/2013.


3.   If necessary, appropriations may be entered in the budget beyond 31 December 2027 to cover the expenses provided for in Article 5(4), to enable the management of projects not completed by that date.


4.   Reflows from financial instruments established under Regulation (EU) No 1293/2013 may be invested in the financial instruments established under [InvestEU Fund].


5.   The appropriations corresponding to assigned revenue arising from the repayment of amounts wrongly paid pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 614/2007 or Regulation (EU) No 1293/2013 shall be used, in accordance with Article 21 of Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 966/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council (36), to finance the 
LIFE
 Programme.



Article 24
Entry into force
This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.


This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.
Done at …,


For the European Parliament


The President




For the Council


The President





(1)  OJ C , , p. .

(2)  OJ C , , p. .

(3)  Position of the European Parliament of 17 April 2019. The underlined text has not been agreed in the framework of interinstitutional negotiations.


(4)  Regulation (EU) No 1293/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2013 on the establishment of a Programme for the Environment and Climate Action (LIFE) and repealing Regulation (EC) No 614/2007 (OJ L 347, 20.12.2013, p. 185).

(5)  Report on the Mid-term Evaluation of the Programme for Environment and Climate Action (LIFE) (SWD(2017)0355).

(6)  
Decision No 1386/2013/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 November 2013 on a General Union Environment Action Programme to 2020 ‘Living well, within the limits of our planet’ (OJ L 354, 28.12.2013, p. 171).



(7)  Agenda 2030, Resolution adopted by UN GA on 25/09/2015.

(8)  93/626/EEC: Council Decision of 25 October 1993 concerning the conclusion of the Convention on Biological Diversity, (OJ L 309, 13.12.1993, p. 1).

(9)  OJ L 282, 19.10.2016, p. 4.

(10)  
Horizon 2020 Part III ‘Secure, clean and efficient energy’ (Societal Challenges) (Council Decision 2013/743/EU of 3 December 2013 establishing the specific programme implementing Horizon 2020 — the Framework Programme for Research and Innovation (2014-2020) and repealing Decisions 2006/971/EC, 2006/972/EC, 2006/973/EC, 2006/974/EC and 2006/975/EC (OJ L 347, 20.12.2013, p. 965)).



(11)  
Directive (EU) 2018/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 amending Directive 2012/27/EU on energy efficiency (OJ L 328, 21.12.2018, p. 210).



(12)  Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions — The EU Environmental Implementation Review: Common challenges and how to combine efforts to deliver better results (COM(2017)0063).

(13)  COM(2011)0244.

(14)  Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora (OJ L 206, 22.7.1992, p. 7).

(15)  Directive 2009/147/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2009 on the conservation of wild birds (OJ L 20, 26.1.2010, p. 7).

(16)  Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 October 2014 on the prevention and management of the introduction and spread of invasive alien species (OJ L 317, 4.11.2014, p. 35).

(17)  
SEC(2017)0250.



(18)  
Directive 2002/49/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 June 2002 relating to the assessment and management of environmental noise — Declaration by the Commission in the Conciliation Committee on the Directive relating to the assessment and management of environmental noise (OJ L 189, 18.7.2002, p. 12).



(19)  Directive (EU) 2016/2284 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 December 2016 on the reduction of national emissions of certain atmospheric pollutants, amending Directive 2003/35/EC and repealing Directive 2001/81/EC (OJ L 344, 17.12.2016, p. 1).

(20)  
Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy (OJ L 327, 22.12.2000, p. 1).



(21)  Directive 2008/56/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 June 2008 establishing a framework for community action in the field of marine environmental policy (Marine Strategy Framework Directive) (OJ L 164, 25.6.2008, p. 19).

(22)  OJ L 124, 17.5.2005, p. 4.

(23)  
Doc. 13715/17 -
 COM(2017)0623.

(24)  
Doc. 5485/18 — COM(2018)0010, p. 5.



(25)  OJ C 373, 20.12.2013, p. 1.

(26)  
Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2018/1046 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 July 2018 on the financial rules applicable to the general budget of the Union, amending Regulations (EU) No 1296/2013, (EU) No 1301/2013, (EU) No 1303/2013, (EU) No 1304/2013, (EU) No 1309/2013, (EU) No 1316/2013, (EU) No 223/2014, (EU) No 283/2014, and Decision No 541/2014/EU and repealing Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 966/2012 (OJ L 193, 30.7.2018, p. 1).



(27)  Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 883/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 September 2013 concerning investigations conducted by the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF) and repealing Regulation (EC) No 1073/1999 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Council Regulation (Euratom) No 1074/1999 (OJ L 248, 18.9.2013, p. 1).

(28)  Council Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 2988/95 of 18 December 1995 on the protection of the European Communities financial interests (OJ L 312, 23.12.1995, p. 1).

(29)  Council Regulation (Euratom, EC) No 2185/96 of 11 November 1996 concerning on-the-spot checks and inspections carried out by the Commission in order to protect the European Communities' financial interests against fraud and other irregularities (OJ L 292, 15.11.1996, p. 2).

(30)  [Full title + OJ L info].

(31)  Directive (EU) 2017/1371 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 July 2017 on the fight against fraud to the Union's financial interests by means of criminal law (OJ L 198, 28.7.2017, p. 29).

(32)  Council Decision 2013/755/EU of 25 November 2013 on the association of the overseas countries and territories with the European Union (Overseas Association Decision) (OJ L 344, 19.12.2013, p. 1).

(33)  
Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 of the European Parliament and the Council of 16 February 2011 laying down the rules and general principles concerning mechanisms for control by Member States of the Commission’s exercise of implementing powers (OJ L 55, 28.2.2011, p. 13).



(34)  [Please insert full title and OJ info].

(35)  Regulation (EC) No 614/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 May 2007 concerning the Financial Instrument for the Environment (LIFE+) (OJ L 149, 9.6.2007, p. 1).

(36)  Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 966/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 on the financial rules applicable to the general budget of the Union and repealing Council Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 1605/2002 (OJ L 298, 26.10.2012, p. 1).



ANNEX I
Bodies to which grants may be awarded without a call for proposals








1.


European Union Network for the Implementation and Enforcement of Environmental Law (IMPEL);












2.


European Network of Prosecutors for the Environment (ENPE);












3.


European Union Forum of Judges for the Environment (EUFJE).








ANNEX II
Indicators
1.   Output indicators








1.1.


Number of projects developing, demonstrating and promoting innovative techniques and approaches;












1.2.


Number of projects applying best practice in relation to nature and biodiversity;












1.3.


Number of projects for the development, implementation, monitoring or enforcement of the relevant Union legislation and policy;












1.4.


Number of projects improving governance through enhancing capacities of public and private actors and the involvement of civil society;












1.5.


Number of projects
, including strategic integrated and strategic nature projects,
 implementing






—


key plans or strategies;










—


programmes of action for mainstreaming Nature and Biodiversity.








2.   Result indicators








2.1.


Net change to the environment and climate, based on the aggregation of project level indicators to be specified in the calls for proposals under the sub-programmes for






—


Nature and Biodiversity;










—


Circular Economy and Quality of Life covering at least the following










—


Air quality










—


Soil










—


Water










—


Waste










—




Chemicals;












—




Noise;












—




Resource use and efficiency;












—


Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation;










—


Clean Energy Transition.
















2.2.


Cumulative investments triggered by the projects or finance accessed (million EUR);












2.3.


Number of organisations involved in projects or receiving operating grants;












2.4.


Share of projects having had a catalytic effect after the end date of the project.










ANNEX IIa




Programme logo