EU research for a secure society : security research projects under the 7th framework programme for research : April 2018.
Date: 2019-01-22
Institutions: Directorate-General for Migration and Home Affairs
Subjects: EU research policy, European security, Framework Programme for Research and Development, consumer protection, industrial policy, industrial research, innovation, public safety, research and development

X

X

X

X

-

E

N

-

C

8

1

0

2

x

x

x

x

y

t

e

i

c

o

S

e

r

u

c

e

S

a

r

o

f

h

c

r

a

e

s

e

R

U

E

s

t

c

e

j

o

r

P

h

c

r

a

e

s

e

R

y

t

i

r

u

c

e

S

h

c

r

a

e

s

e

R

r

o

f

e

m

m

a

r

g

o

r

P

k

r

o

w

e

m

a

r

F

h

t

7

e

h

t

r

e

d

n

u

Security Research Projects

under the 7th Framework Programme for Research

EU Research for a Secure Society

Further information  available at:  

http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/home-affairs/what-we-do/policies/industry-for-security/index_en.htm

Security Research Projects
under the 7th Framework Programme for Research

EU Research  
for a

 Secure
 Society

April 2018

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Manuscript completed in 2018

The European Commission is not liable for any consequence stemming from the reuse of this publication.

Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2019

© European Union, 2019

Reuse is authorised provided the source is acknowledged.

The reuse policy of European Commission documents is regulated by Decision 2011/833/EU (OJ L 330, 
14.12.2011, p. 39).

For any use or reproduction of photos or other material that is not under the copyright of the European 
Union, permission must be sought directly from the copyright holders.

Cover picture: © Fotolia/Shutterstock

Print 

ISBN 978-92-79-66086-3 

doi:10.2837/91211 

DR-01-17-113-EN-C

PDF 

ISBN 978-92-79-66087-0 

doi:10.2837/708113 

DR-01-17-113-EN-N

 
 
 
INTRODUCTION

1

INTRODUCTION

Investing in security research  
for the benefit of European citizens,  
critical infrastructures, SMEs and industry 

“Under  its  wider  R&D  budget 
for  2007-2013  –  known  as  the 
Seventh Framework Programme 
for Research (FP7) – the EU had 
invested EUR 1.4 billion in security 
research. This catalogue presents an 
overview of the projects supported 
by FP7’s Security Research budget.”

Europe  has  never  been  so  peacefully 
consolidated or prosperous, yet it is also 
vulnerable to threats such as terrorism, 
organised  crime  and  natural  disasters. 
Making Europe more secure and resilient 
for its citizens and critical infrastructures, 
while strengthening its SMEs and industrial 
competitiveness, is the goal of Security 
Research. By stimulating research and in-
novation and promoting direct cooperation 
between providers and end-users of secu-
rity equipment, systems and knowledge – 
the EU can better understand and prepare 
itself to face risks and disruptive events in 
a constantly changing world.

The evolving nature of security implies many 
new challenges. To strengthen the respect 
for fundamental human rights, including 
privacy, research into the preparedness and 
response of society in the face of potential 
or actual threats and crises is essential. Eu-
ropean Security Research efforts in this area 
have increased substantially in the last few 
years, as readily seen in the below catalogue 
of FP7 projects.

These projects cover the entire range of 
FP7’s Security theme, including advanced 
research into the societal dimension of secu-
rity, protection of citizens against chemical, 
biological, radiological, nuclear and explo-
sive (CBRNE) materials or man-made and 
natural events, critical infrastructure protec-
tion, crisis management capabilities, intel-
ligent maritime and land border surveillance, 
pre-standardisation and the interoperability 
of systems.

Further information is available at : 

https://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/what-we-do/policies/
industry-for-security_en
Prepared  by  the  European  Commission,  Directorate-General  for 
Migration and Home Affairs, Unit B4 Innovation and Industry for Security,  
E-mail : HOME-NOTIFICATIONS-B4@ec.europa.eu

Unit G4 Policy and Research in Security, E-mail : EN-
TR-POLICY-AND-RESEARCH-IN-SECURITY@
ec.europa.eu

TABLE OF CONTENTS

2

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION                                                      1

TABLE OF CONTENTS                              

2

Security of the Citizens

 CBRN PROTECTION

MEPROCS  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  88

MIDAS  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  90

ODYSSEY   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  92

SAVELEC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

94

SMARTPRO   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  96

 ORGANISED CRIME

BIO-PROTECT  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 6

CAPER  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  98

CBRNEMAP   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . 8

CONPHIRMER  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  100

COCAE .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  10

CUSTOM .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  102

CREATIF  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  12

DIRAC  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  104

DECOTESSC1  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  14

EKSISTENZ   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  106

EDEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

GIFT CBRN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ISIS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16

18

20

MODES_SNM  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  22
REWARD .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  24

SAFEWATER .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  26

HEMOLIA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

108

SAVEMED  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  110

SCIIMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

 INFORMATION GATHERING

SCINTILLA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

SECUREAU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

28

30

CRIM-TRACK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

LASIE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

SNIFFER .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  32

VALCRI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

SPICED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

34

ZONeSEC   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  120

TAWARA_RTM .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  36

TWOBIAS   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  38

 EXPLOSIVES

Security of infrastructures and utilities

AVERT  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  40

 CYBER CRIME

BONAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

42

CAMINO  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  122

COMMONSENSE   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  44

COCKPITCI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

D-BOX  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  46

CRISALIS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

124

126

EMPHASIS .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  48

COURAGE  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  128

ENCOUNTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

50

ECOSSIAN .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  130

EXPEDIA .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  52

E-CRIME .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  132

FORLAB  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  54

HYRIM  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  134

HOMER. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

56

PREEMPTIVE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

HYPERION .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  58

SAWSOC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

136

138

LOTUS  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  60

SECCRIT  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  140

OPTIX   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  62

PREVAIL  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  64

SALIANT .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  66

  DESIGN, PLANNING OF BUILDINGS  
AND URBAN AREAS

SUBCOP  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  68

DESURBS  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  142

TIRAMISU  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  70

ELASSTIC  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  144

 INTELLIGENCE AGAINST TERRORISM

HARMONISE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

INTACT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

146

148

RAIN  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  150

IMSK .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  72

RIBS  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  152

RAPTOR  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  74

SECUR-ED .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  154

TACTICS  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  76

SPIRIT  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  156

UNCOSS .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  78

VASCO .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  158

VIRTUOSO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

80

VITRUV. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

160

 ORDINARY CRIME AND FORENSIC  .  .  .  .  .  82

 ENERGY, TRANSPORT, COMMUNICATION GRIDS

AEROCEPTOR  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  82

AFTER  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  162

EVIDENCE .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  84

CARONTE  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  164

LINKSCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

86

COPRA .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  166

112

114

116

118

3

CWIT .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  168

 BORDER CHECKS

DEMASST  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  170

ABC4EU  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  254

DITSEF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

172

ACXIS   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  256

EURACOM  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  174

CONSORTIS  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  258

EUROSKY  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  176

DOGGIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

260

GAMMA  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  178

EFFISEC  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  262

HIPOW .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  180

FASTPASS  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  264

INFRA   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  182

FIDELITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

266

ISTIMES  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  184

HANDHOLD  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  268

L4S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

186

INGRESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

NI2S3  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  188

MobilePass. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

270

272

PANDHUB  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  190

SNIFFER .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  274

PANDORA  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  192

SNIFFLES  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  276

PROGRESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

194

SNOOPY .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  278

PROTECTRAIL  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  196

TERASCREEN  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  280

SCOUT .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  198

SECRET   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  200
SECTRONIC  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  202

SEGRID. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

SERON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

204

206

 BORDER SURVEILLANCE

OPARUS  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  282

SUNNY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

284

286

SESAME  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  208

SPARKS  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  210

 LAND BORDER

STAR-TRANS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

212

STRUCTURES  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  214

CONTAIN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

TASS .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  216

EWISA  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  288

XP-DITE  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  218

GLOBE .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  290

TALOS  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  292

 SUPPLY CHAIN

CORE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

IMCOSEC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

IPATCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

 SEA BORDERS

220

222

224

AMASS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

CASSANDRA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

LOGSEC  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  226

CLOSEYE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

294

296

298

PROMERC  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  228

I2C .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  300

SAFEPOST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

230

OPERAMAR   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  302

 SURVEILLANCE

PERSEUS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

304

SEABILLA  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  306

SUPPORT   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  308

ADABTS  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  232

TRITON. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

310

ARENA .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  234

WIMAAS .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  312

ARGOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

236

BASYLIS .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  238

IDETECT 4ALL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

INDECT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

240

242

MOSAIC  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  244

P5  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  246

SAMURAI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

SUBITO. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

248

250

Intelligent surveillance and border security

 AIR BORDERS

Restoring security and safety in case of crisis 

 CBRN RESPONSE

ANTIBOTABE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

314

BOOSTER  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  316

CATO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

COUNTERFOG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

318

320

FRESP  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  322

IFREACT  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  324

MIRACLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

326

MULTIBIODOSE .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  328

ARGUS 3D  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  252

MULTISENSE CHIP  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  330

PRACTICE  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  332

TABLE OF CONTENTS

4

TABLE OF CONTENTS

  PREPAREDNESS, PREVENTION, MITIGATION  
AND PLANNING

A4A. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

AF3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

334

336

BESECU  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  338

 Security systems integration, interconnectivity 
and interoperability

 INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

BRIDGE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

CascEff. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

340

342

BEAT .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  430

EPISECC  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  432

CAST .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  344

FORTRESS .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .   434

COncORDE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

COPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

CRISCOMSCORE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

346

348

350

REDIRNET  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  436

SECINCORE  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  438

SECTOR  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  440

CRISIS  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  352

SIIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

CRISMA   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  354

DRIVER+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

EMILI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

IDIRA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

IMPRESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 
INDIGO. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

356

358

360

362
364

 INTEROPERABILITY

ADVISE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

C2-SENSE .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  446
DISASTER  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  448

OPSIC  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  366

ESENet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

OPTI-ALERT .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  368

EUCISE2020. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

450

452

POP-ALERT  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  370

ISITEP  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  454

PREDICT .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  372

SALUS  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  456

PSYCRIS  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  374

SAVASA  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  458

PULSE  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  376

UNSETH  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  460

SECURENV. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

S-HELP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

378

380

 SECURE COMMUNICATIONS

SICMA  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  382

SNOWBALL  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  384

EULER  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  462

TACTIC .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .   386

FREESIC  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  464

 RECOVERY

ACRIMAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

GERYON  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  466

HIT-GATE   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  468

PPDR-TC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

388

SECRICOM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

CAERUS  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  390

COBACORE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

392

 STANDARDISATION

DESTRIERO  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  394

HELP .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .   396

CRISP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

RECONASS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

398

EQUATOX  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  476

SAFE-COMMS .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  400

HECTOS  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  478

SLAM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

480

 RESPONSE

CRISYS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

402

Security and society

DARIUS   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  404

ELITE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

406

E-SPONDER .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  408

 CITIZENS, MEDIA AND SECURITY

ESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

410

ANVIL  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  482

eVACUATE .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  412

ATHENA  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  484

FASTID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

ICARUS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

INACHUS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

NMFRDISASTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

PEP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

SGL FOR USAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

414

416

418

420

422

424

COSMIC  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  486

CPSI  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  488

EmerGent  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  490

IMPACT EUROPE   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  492

ISAR+   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  494

PARIS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

496

SPARTACUS  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  426

PRIME  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  498

S(P)EEDKITS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

428

RECOBIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

RESPECT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

500

502

442

444

470

472

474

5

SAFIRE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

504

 ERA-NET

SLANDAIL  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  506

THE HOUSE  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  574

SOTERIA .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  508

SUPER  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  510

 OTHER COORDINATION

SURVEILLE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

512

TRACE  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  514

CIPRNet  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  576

 ETHICS AND JUSTICE

EUROFORGEN - NOE   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  578

PLANTFOODSEC   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  580

SEREN  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  582

ADDPRIV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

516

SEREN2  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  584

ALTERNATIVE  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  518

SOURCE  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  586

COREPOL   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  520

VIDEOSENSE  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  588

DETECTER .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  522

VOX-Pol  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  590

INEX  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  524

PACT .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  526

PRISMS   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  528

 SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES

SAPIENT .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  530
532
SMART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

3D-Forensics   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  592
594
GRAFFOLUTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

SURPRISE  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  534

MISAFE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

596

  FORESIGHT, SCENARIOS AND SECURITY  
AS AN EVOLVING CONCEPT

OSMOSIS   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  598

P-REACT .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  600

ROSFEN  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  602

SMARTPREVENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

ASSERT   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  536

COMPOSITE .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  538

 STUDIES

DESSI   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  540

ePOOLICE  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  542

CRESCENDO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

ETTIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

544

ESC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

EvoCS  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  546

ESCORTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

604

606

608

610

FESTOS   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  548

ETCETERA  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  612

FOCUS .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  550

SECURECHAINS .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .   614

FORCE  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  552

SecurePART  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  616

FORESEC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

554

STRAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

618

SIAM .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  556

 TRAINING

  ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE AND CULTURES  
OF PUBLIC USERS

BESECURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

 SECURITY ECONOMICS

DITAC   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  620

LEILA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

558

SAFECITI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

622

624

LIST OF PROJECTS                                            626

EUSECON  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  560

SECONOMICS .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  562

VALUESEC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

564

Security Research coordination and structuring

 END USER

ARCHIMEDES  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  566

EU-SEC II   .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  568

INNOSEC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

570

INSEC  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  572

6
6

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

h
o
t
n
e
k
©

n
n
o
o
i
i
t
t
a
a
m
m
r
r
o
o
f
f
n
n
I
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

BIO-PROTECT /  Ionisation-based detector of airborne  
bio-agents, viruses and toxins for fast-alert and identification 

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

242306

Total Cost   

€ 3,963,556.55 

EU Contribution  

€ 3,125,577 

Starting Date  

01/06/2010

End Date 

31/01/2014

LGI CONSULTING

The malevolent use of Anthrax spores on civilians in 

2001 has shown the necessity to protect citizens from 

» Integration of a particle size analyser which constantly 
monitors the ambient air, thus triggering a measure-

criminal use of biological agents. The success of such 

ment if a sudden change in particle size and/or density 

attack depends on sufficient concentration of pathogens 

occured;

in a defined area.

Detecting pathogenous bacteria, spores and viruses must 

» Improvement and integration of a continuously op-
erating bioaerosol detector measuring fluorescence, 

be accomplished by triggering short-term alarm and iden-

scattering and background aerosol properties to detect 

tification of the type of threat.

presence of potentially harmful biological agents in 

ambient air and to trigger further identification;

37, Rue de la Grange  

Since most of the bio sensors available today are labo-

aux Belles

75010 Paris

France

Contact

ratory bound or require special equipment which needs 

training as well as experience, new systems are needed.

» Research and development of a combined pre-concen-
tration and pyrolysis unit for use with a GC-IMS, that 

The concept of BIO-PROTECT was the development of a 

target was to detect bio-agent concentrations likely 

can separate all types of bio-agents from aerosols. The 

Vincent Chauvet

fast-alert, easy-to-use device for detection and identi-

to infect or intoxicate;

Tel  : +33 (0) 67539 8727

fication of airborne bacteria, spores, viruses and toxins. 

Fax  : +33 (0) 80074 1853

It was based on bioaerosol detection by fluorescence, 

E-mail  : vincent.chauvet@

scattering and background aerosol measurement followed 

» Development of pattern analysis software for the inter-
pretation of the acquired spectra, thereby identifying 

lgi-consulting.com

by ionisation of air flow and analysis of the spectrum 

bio-agents and distinguishing them from background 

of relative speed of passage, enabling identification of 

bacteria.

biological agents.

Results

Description of the work 

The device combines the detection and identification of bio 

The work in BIO-PROTECT was structures in several tech-

aerosols. It continuously measures the air and if a sudden 

nical Work Packages, addressing the following activities :

change in particle amount is noticed, the particle collec-

» Development of a bio-agent detection system based on 
a miniaturised GC-IMS (Gas Chromatograph - Ion Mobility 

tor is triggered. A small, precise amount of the particles 

is fed through an innovative sample transfer line into 

the pre-treatment unit, where the sample is pyrolyzed. 

Spectrometry) instrument able to identify and separate 

Gases produced in pyrolysis process are fed to the GC-

extremely small amounts of a wide range of organic mol-

IMS and analysed.

ecules resulting from heat-decomposed organic matter;

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / CBRN ProtectionSecurity Research  Security of the Citizens / CBRN Protection 
 
 
BIO-PROTECT

7

Advantages for users:

This device provides security personnel with a reliable 

tool to take fast, effective countermeasures when con-

» Detection and identification with one device
» Separation between bacteria, viruses, and toxins
» Fast and reliable result, on which countermeasures 

fronted with biological threats. Pattern analysis software 

has been developed for the interpretation of acquired 

spectra, identifying bio-agents and distinguishing them 

can be initiated 

» No reagents needed, thus lower operating costs
» Secondary sample collection available
» Upgradable database
» Customisable  and  easy-to-use  web-based  user  

interface

» Networkability via LAN/WLAN

from background bacteria. Thus a database of several 

model-agents including bacteria, spores, toxins and viruses 

has been generated.

PARTNERS 

LGI Consulting 
AVSISTA 
C-Tech Innovation Ltd 
Environics Oy 
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) 
Institut für Umwelt Technologien GmbH 
Robert-Koch Institut 
University of Aalborg 
Environics-IUT GmbH (ENIT)  

COUNTRY

France
Lithuania
United Kingdom
Finland
France
Germany
Germany
Denmark
Germany

8
8

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-
e
n
a
r
o
M
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

CBRNEMAP /  Road-mapping Study of CBRNE Demonstrator  

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives 

Results 

242338

Total Cost   

€ 1,662,022 

EU Contribution  

€ 1,376,185 

Starting Date  

01/06/2010

End Date 

30/09/2011

EUROPEAN CBRNE  

CENTER AT UMEÅ  

UNIVERSITY

KBC Building

90187 UMEA

Sweden

Contact

Agneta H. Plamboeck

CBRNEmap was a “phase I” Security Research project 

The project narrowed down CBRNE counter-terrorism 

to define a strategic roadmap that will lead to a subse-

to three dimensions: the need to protect society’s vital 

quent phase II, large-scale CBRNE (chemical, biological, 

functions, the ability to respond to CBRNE events and the 

radiological, nuclear, explosive) Demonstrator project. 

need for resilience to enable society to rebuild capabili-

Its goal was to bring together end-users, industry and 

ties. The generic needs of each dimension were matched 

other stakeholders with Europe’s scientific and technical 

with advanced technological solutions and integrated at 

communities to address the cross-cutting activity of such 

the system-of-systems level for demonstration during 

a large-scale effort and to identify potential scenarios 

phase II.

and technical solutions.

CBRNEmap’s research identified a number of gaps in 

Its key objective was to evaluate the multi-dimensional 

CBRNE counter-terrorism and solutions to fill them. 

challenges of countering CBRNE-based threats. Temporal 

Among others, it recommends that:

events (before, during and after) were contrasted against 

societal targets (mass transport, public spaces, etc.) and 

societal sectors directly involved in such events (law 

» more research effort be devoted to the design of build-
ings and, in particular, to the design of floor plan lay-

enforcement, health first-responders, etc.). 

outs, escape routes and surface-covering materials;

E-mail : Agneta.Plamboeck@

These generic needs were matched by technological 

solutions that will be integrated at a system-of-systems 

» recent advances in the material sciences such as nano-
technologies argue for the development of new filters 

cbrnecenter.eu

Website :  

http://www.cbrnemap.org/

level, leading to the CBRNE Demonstrator.

and protective equipment;

» the protection of buildings from attack require new 
modelling techniques to predict the spread of CBRN 

gas or aerosol agents;

» nano-technologies and new materials be studied for 

their potential decontamination applications;

» more EU research focus on the use of symbology or 
simplified language – including animation or other 

communications channels – to increase the rate, pre-

cision and absorption of public messaging about major 

CBRNE incidents. 

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / CBRN ProtectionSecurity Research  Security of the Citizens / CBRN Protection 
 
 
Phase two of the CBRNE Demonstrator project will illus-

trate the usefulness of the system-of-systems approach 

to counter CBRNE terrorism. This will best be validated 

in a set of realistic scenarios where vital parameters 

such as successful denial of access, delay of effect, 

shortened time for evacuation, shortened response time, 

more effective health care and other considerations can 

be observed and quantified.

PARTNERS 

European CBRNE center at Umeå University 
Police National CBRN Centre 
National Institute for NBC Protection 
Robert Koch Institute 
DGA Maîtrise NRBC 
Lindholmen Science Park 
French High Committee for Civilian Defence 
Compagnie Industrielle des Lasers 
European Aeronautic and Space Company 
Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Foundation for Strategic Research 
Istituto Affari Internazionali 
Selex Galileo 
Catholic University of Louvain 

CBRNEMAP

9

COUNTRY

Sweden
United Kingdom
Czech Republic 
Germany
France
Sweden
France
France
Germany
Sweden
France
Italy
Italy
Belgium

10
10

COCAE /  Cooperation across Europe for Cd(Zn)Te based security  

E
A
C
O
C
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

218000

Total Cost   

€ 2,644,416 

EU Contribution  

€ 2,031,347 

Starting Date  

01/10/2008

End Date 

31/03/2012

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

» The fabrication of pixel detectors having structure of 
p-n and Schottky diodes. This will permit the application 

Fixed and portable detectors are usually used to detect, 

of bias voltage high enough to collect all the induced 

locate and identify radioactive and nuclear material at the 

charge by both electrons and holes. 

checkpoints such as those at road and rail boarder crossings, 

airports or seaports. After a first alarm signal, a secondary 

inspection must be performed. Handheld detectors are then 

» The  design  of  pixel  electronics  capable  for  si-
spectroscopy.  
imaging  and 

multaneous 

used to distinguish the innocent and false alarm from the 

The electronics will be bump bonded to the pixel de-

real alarms. Hundreds of innocent alarms may take place 

tectors. This is essential for the localization and the 

per day at the boarder control from the portal detectors.

identification of the radioactive source. 

TECHNOLOGICAL  
EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTE  
of Halkida (TEI)

» To make spectroscopic measurements with efficiency 
equivalent to that of NaI detectors and energy resolu-

tion close to that of HPGe devices but without using 

» The construction of a portable instrument having a 

stack of detecting elements.

Thesi Skliro

34400 Psahna-Evia

Greece

Contact

Dr. Charalambos  

Lambropoulos

Tel : +30 22280 99631

Fax : +30 22280 23766

cryogenic systems. 

This will allow to exploit the Compton Effect for the 

localization of the radioactive source and also to have 

» To find the direction and the distance of the radioac-

variable detection efficiency.

tive source. 

» To localize the source into a cargo 

Results

» To work at a wide range of absorbed dose rates by 

velop a high-energy resolution and efficiency image device.  

COCAE’s works focused on two areas.  The first was to de-

E-mail : lambrop@teihal.gr

adjusting the effective volume of the detector. 

The second applied techniques to locate and identify the 

Website : www.cocae.eu

types of radiation sources in cargo or during emergency 

The above capabilities will improve the quality of the 

situations.

data gathered by the customs officers during the routine 

inspections at the boarders and will assist the first re-

The project resulted in the design – but not the complete con-

sponders in case of a radiological or nuclear emergency 

struction – of a portable spectroscopic instrument focused on 

to estimate the exact situation.

accurate identification and localization of radioactive sources.  

Technology challenges

» The growth of high purity, detector grade Cd(Zn)Te crys-
tals. Their performance will be optimized by material  

The instrument uses the Compton imaging technique, which 

deduces the energy of incident gamma ray photons and 

their origins by measuring energy depositions and the posi-

tions of Compton scattering interactions.

purification, selection of right dopants and post-growth  

COCAE centered on the development of several core 

processing to obtain high resistivity, high transport prop-

erties and homogeneous distribution of these material 

properties in the grown crystals. The growth of crystals 

technologies 
» the growth of high purity, detector grade Cd(Zn)Te 
crystals and the development of the first high quality 

with a diameter up to 75 mm will be performed. 

ingots in Europe

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / CBRN ProtectionSecurity Research  Security of the Citizens / CBRN Protection 
 
COCAE

11

» Exploitation of the complete system

COCAE was tested via a large simulation effort and the 

development of algorithms.  In the future, the project 

could potentially lead to the creation of a pan-European 

crystal production center.

» the creation of pixel detectors 
» development of pixel electronics capable of recording 
the spatial coordinates, time of conversion, and energy 

levels of converted photons

» hybridization of the detectors, electronics, design, and 
construction of an instrument to explore the capabilities 

of the proposed method of radioactive source localiza-

tion and identification

The intermediate results of COCAE were focused on 

several sectors 
» Crystal growth of CdTe and CdZnTE crystals
» Device processing using the p-i-n diode structure
» Semiconductor technology for processing pixel detec-

tors with 75 mm wafers

» Read-out electronics for pixel detectors

PARTNERS 

Technological Educational Institute of Halkida (TEI) 
Greek Atomic Energy Commission 
Institute of Nuclear Physics, National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos 
Oy Ajat Ltd 
Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum, Albert Ludwigs Universität 
Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Departemento de Fisica de Materiales 
Riga Technical University 
V.E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 
Chernivtsi Yuri Fedkovych National University 

COUNTRY

Greece
Greece
Greece
Finland
Germany
Spain
Latvia
Ukraine
Ukraine

1212

CREATIF / CBRNE related testing and certification facilities - A networking 
strategy to strengthen cooperation and knowledge exchange within Europe

F
I
T
A
E
R
C
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives 

Results 

217922

Total Cost  

€ 831,279.79

EU Contribution  

€ 831,279.79

Starting Date  

01/02/2009

End Date  

31/07/2011

CREATIF’s overall aim was to explore how to promote 

The project’s stakeholder groups agree that testing of 

the harmonisation of national testing procedures and 

detection systems and comparability of testing results 

facilities across Europe for detection products and ser-

are needed and should be based on EU agreed standards, 

vices in the CBRNE (chemical, biological, radiological, 

with certification of products based on independent third 

nuclear and explosive) sector. Among other tasks, this 

party evaluation.

called for the creation of a communication platform to 

enable technology users, decision makers, technology 

CREATIF’s research demonstrated that complementary 

providers and testers to discuss the future develop-

testing should focus on the use of real agents (or simu-

ment of this sector. An advisory group of end-users 

lants) carried out in realistic operational scenarios. Train-

SEIBERSDORF LABOR 

and industrial experts was established to help shape 

ing exercises for end-users should be organised to get 

GMBH

the project’s deliverables and workshops were held in 

hands-on realistic experience with detection systems. 

Radiation Safety and 

which certification and testing issues regarding CBRNE 

This would enhance security by providing feedback to 

Applications

detection equipment were discussed. 

industry to develop better detection systems and, ulti-

A-2444 Seibersdorf  

Austria

Contact

One of CREATIF’s key objectives was to review exist-

to select the most suitable equipment. 

ing testing protocols and standards in order to suggest 

mately, save public money by enabling public authorities 

Friederike Strebl

ways to harmonise CBRNE testing, both on a geographic 

The project also concluded that pan-EU certification 

Tel : +43 (0) 50550 3265

and technical level across the 27 EU nations, leading 

would support the development of a European market 

Mobile :  

to a roadmap.

for CBRNE detection systems and reduce the costs of 

+43 (0) 664 8251055

Fax : +43 (0) 50550 2502

E-mail : friederike.strebl@

seibersdorf-laboratories.at

Website : http://www.creatif-

network.eu

testing.

CREATIF’s main results include: 

» a glossary of terms as the basis for a common lan-

guage for CBRNE detection testing; 

» a  database  on  test  facilities  for  CBRNE  detection 

equipment;

» a report on available standards and protocols used for 

testing CBRNE detection systems; 

» a road map for a European certification system for 
CBRNE sensor systems and devices, covering the fol-

lowing: stakeholder assessments, terminological and 

system descriptions, assessment of means and meth-

ods, and certification and accreditation.

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / CBRN ProtectionCoordinatorInformationSecurity Research  Security of the Citizens / CBRN Protection 
 
CREATIF

13

In conclusion, CREATIF’s research produced a broad 

stakeholder consensus that standardisation of testing 

methods is needed to boost the quality and comparability 

of testing results and instruments across Europe.  This 

should be based on the development of EU-wide testing 

standards, followed by either international standardisa-

tion or full mutual recognition of the standards.

PARTNERS 

Seibersdorf Labor GmbH (SLG) 
DGA Ministère de la Defense (DGA/MD) 
Cotecna Inspection S.A. (COT) 
Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM)  
Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 

COUNTRY

Austria
France
Switzerland
Germany
Sweden
The Netherlands

14

DECOTESSC1 / DEmonstration of COunterTErrorism  
System-of-Systems against CBRNE phase 1

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

s
t
e
e
m
S

n

j
i
t
r
a
M
©

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives 

Results 

242294

Total Cost  

€ 1,587,642

EU Contribution  

€ 1,001,627

Starting Date  

01/04/2010

End Date  

30/06/2011

DECOTESSC1 – a so-called ‘phase one’ project – set out to 

As well as identifying relevant research actors, tech-

provide a research road-map for priorities and structures 

nology  providers,  end  users  and  other  stakeholders 

for a subsequent ‘phase two’ large scale Demonstration 

for consultation, the project created a comprehensive 

Project project, which will test effective methods for 

Multidimensional Taxonomy System (MTS) in order to 

countering chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear and 

aggregate common technical terminology for this study.

explosive (CBRNE) terrorist threats.

The basic idea behind DECOTESSC1 was analysis and 

duced a list of 150 potential gaps in current CBRNE 

subsequent prioritization of CBRNE counter-measure 

counter-measures. Using a ranking system, these were 

This  fed  into  a  gap  analysis,  which  eventually  pro-

NEDERLANDSE  

security gaps, taken as a comparison between the current 

narrowed down to just 25 “serious” gaps in European 

ORGANISATIE VOOR 

situation and a theoretical ideal situation.

CBRNE counter-measures. 

TOEGEPAST NATUUR- 

WETENSCHAPPELIJK 

ONDERZOEK

An in-depth background study supported this analysis, 

These gaps are subdivided into five categories to be 

including interviews and workshops to ascertain the cur-

prioritized in the ‘phase two’ Demonstration project:

Department of CBRN 

rent threat environment and technical state-of-the-art.

Protection

Schoemakerstraat 97

PO Box 6060

NL-2600 JA Delft  

The Netherlands

Contact

Nicola Iarossi

Mark van den Brink

Tel  : +31 8886 63898

Mobile  : +31 6 3015 8707

Fax  : +31 8886 66938

E-mail  : mark.vandenbrink@

tno.nl

Website  : www.decotessc1.eu

» Fusion of information and situational picture. This 
includes detection, identification and monitoring of 

actors, agents, means of delivery, targets and effects in 

the CBRNE field. The validity of the perceived threat and 

its consequences needs to be measured and verified;

» Communication. In addition to general disaster man-
agement strategies, CBRNE awareness and resilience 

should be increased. Aspects such as education, the 

role of local, regional, national and European authorities 

and the passive and active use of (social) media should 

be covered by a dedicated communication strategy;

» Cooperation. This requirement  includes priorities to 
pool resources, share (classified) information and use 

best practices among separate C, B, RN and E actors;

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / CBRN ProtectionCoordinatorInformation 
 
 
 
DECOTESSC1

15

» Consequence management. Mostly post-incident ac-
tivities (the response and recovery phases), but also 

the relationship between pre-incident activities and 

preparedness; 

» Realistic training and exercise. In particular, new tech-
niques (such as the use of virtual reality and serious 

gaming) need to be further explored, developed and 

demonstrated to meet both needs and restrictions.

PARTNERS 

Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH (AIT) 
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) 
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer) 
Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
European Commission - Joint Research Centre (JRC) 
Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus (VTT) 
Fundación Tecnalia Research & Innovation (TEC) 
Seibersdorf Labor GmbH (SLG) 

COUNTRY

The Netherlands
Austria
France
Germany
Sweden
Europe
Finland
Spain
Austria

16
16

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

EDEN /  End-user driven DEmofor cbrNe

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

313077

Total Cost   

€ 36,075,401.17  

EU Contribution  

€ 24,826,823.91

Starting Date  

01/09/2013

Duration 

36 months

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

BAE SYSTEMS  

(OPERATIONS) LTD 
(BAES)  
Electronic Systems 

Airport works

T1F3

The project has 4 major phases:

In the first phase end-users will define and specify the 

This project intends to raise the level of maturity of 

performances they need and baseline the current resil-

the resilience capacity of EU society when it comes to 

ience of legacy systems. The initial societal, ethical and 

CBRNe events. The project will build on the results and 

legal aspects will be considered.

successful completion of previous projects and will test 

In the second – main – phase the RTD partners will ex-

in the field, through key demonstrations, the validity 

pand the PRACTICE system into the EDEN Store. Elements 

of the solutions sought. The 36 partners of the EDEN 

from other projects and new tools will be developed/

consortium will cooperate to achieve the development 

matured for the EDEN demonstrations.

of a “multi-facetted system of systems approach” that 

The third phase will entail the preparation, system in-

will provide an EU-tailored solution able to enhance in-

tegration and execution of demonstrations. There will 

teroperability between CBRNe operators. 

be a combination of small, medium and large scale 

A distinctive feature of the EDEN project is the activation 

demonstrations  based on detailed scenarios.

of its end-user, SME and suppliers’ platforms. These are 

The fourth phase is evaluation of the demonstrations, 

open bodies where end-users, SMEs or industry external 

and the societal and exploitation activities.

to the EDEN consortium can actively take part in the 

To exploit feedback, these 4 phases will overlap to some 

project with advice and feedback. Suppliers and SMEs 

extent.

Rochester, ME1 2XX, 

can offer their equipment, technologies and services 

United Kingdom

relevant for CBRNe contingency plans to the EDEN pro-

Results

Contact

ject for inclusion in the “EDEN Store” and for potential 

Clive Goodchild  

demonstration during the project. 

Security is recognized as a major societal challenge for 

Tel : +44 (0)1634 204727

Currently, the end user platform includes 60 end us-

the EU, inside and outside Europe. Within the security 

Mobile: 

ers from 20 countries, while the SME platform has 34 

field, the CBRNe (Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nu-

+44 (0)773 681 0656

participants and the supplier platform has 19. All plat-

clear and explosives) sector is particularly strategic and 

Fax : +44 (0)1634 204715

forms are expanding their capabilities by recruiting new 

has been low probability threat inside the EU territory 

E-mail : clive.goodchild@

organisations via their contact points.

notwithstanding recent events. However, it may have the 

baesystems.com

Description of the work 

highest impact on the population (casualties and social 

and psychological impacts), the economy, the environ-

ment and the political situation both in the short term 

The strategy of the work plan has been conceived along 

after the event and longer during recovery. 

three lines, namely to:
» Allow end-users to pilot and control the whole process
» Avoid replicating topics already covered in previous 
projects dealing with CBRNe and thus make best use 

of existing projects

Successful CBRNE resilience requires a global system-

of-systems approach where all countries can collaborate 

to overcome threats.

The EU-funded EDEN (End-user driven demo for CBRNE) 

project sought to overcome this challenge with a ‘toolbox 

» Evaluate the achievements (services and performanc-
es) with concrete tests and trials essentially based on 

of toolboxes’ and was unique by not presenting ONE solu-

tion, but rather presented a wide array of solutions. With 

real environments and data to demonstrate affordable 

the CBRNE market being fragmented, one size cannot fit 

improvements in resilience.

all. There is a need to provide a range of solutions for 

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / CBRN ProtectionSecurity Research  Security of the Citizens / CBRN Protection 
EDEN

17

the different users to choose. Having a resilient response 

ment to recovery through three pivotal themes: food 

means you have a team that is well trained, has the 

defence, multi-chemical and radiological. This involved 

right tools and is confident in their use. 

demonstrations in food processing plants, industrial and 

EDEN provided end users with available comparable solu-

hospital response environments, and a large-scale ra-

tions and expertise with over 270 tools, including basic 

diological test demo. Over 300 end-users and observers 

tools, as well as collections of tools, human expertise 

were involved in the 15 EDEN demonstrations and over 

and knowledge, standard operating procedures and a 

100 tools/systems were evaluated. 

new CBRNE training framework.

The project has also promoted the establishment of food 

The capabilities of the EDEN solution extended to ra-

defence standards that could be implemented at EU level. 

diological, chemical, biological, explosive and terrorist 

Project results have been exploited, and a number of 

threats. EDEN catalogued and developed tools dealing 

platform providers and EDEN partners have exploited 

with detection, decontamination, personal protective 

innovations into the market. A number of tools are being 

equipment, medical care, imaging and transfer of data, 

further developed in complementary EU-funded projects 

command and control and other pivotal aspects to cover 

and national projects including elements of the EDEN 

needs of end users in the preparedness, response and 

project which are now being exploited and continued 

recovery phases of the lifecycle.

through the ENCIRCLE cluster

EDEN also demonstrated that the current EU food regula-

EDEN significantly advanced CBRNE capabilities, many 

tion did not enforce the food companies and operators 

of which offer commercial exploitation opportunities 

to comply with any procedure to prevent and to detect 

including the online EDEN CBRNE training framework, 

deliberate contamination. 

which was developed with the aim of launching a new 

A panel of end users evaluated the EDEN’s tools, ascer-

European standard. 

taining enhanced CBRNE resilience from threat assess-

PARTNERS 
European Commission (EC) 
BAE Systems (Operations) Ltd (BAES) 
Astrium SAS (AST) 
Forsvarets Forskninginstitutt (FFI) 
Tecnoalimenti S.C.P.A (TCA) 
Selex ES SPA (SES) 
Université Paris XII Val de Marne (SAMU) 
Szkoła Główna Służby Pożarniczej (SGSP) 
Centre for Science, Society and Citizenship (CSSC) 
Astri Polska Sp. z o.o. (APL) 
Instituto Affari Internazionali  
CBRNE Ltd (CBRNELTD) 
Universite Catholique de Louvain (UCL) 
LDI Innovation OU (LDI) 
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer) 
Teknologian Tutkimuskeskus VTT (VTT) 
Fondation pour la Recherche Stratégique (FRS) 
Indra Sistemas S.A. 
L’Institut National de l’Environnement Industriel et des Risques INERIS (INR) 
SICPA SA (SICPA) 
Magen Davis Adom in Israel (MDA)   
Przemyslowy Insytut Automatyki i Pomiarów PIAP (PIAP) 
HotZone Solutions Benelux BV (HZS) 
Ageniza Nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l’energia e lo sviluppo económico sostenibile (ENEA) 
Societe NUCLETUDES SA (NUC) 
OMNIDATA S.A. (OMNI) 
Universidad del Pais Vasco EHU UPV (UPV/EHU)  
The Univeristy of Reading (UREAD)   
Bruker Daltonics Limited (BRU)  
Ldiamon AS (LDIAMON)   
Microfuildic Chipshop GMBH (MCG)   
Robert Koch - Institut (RKI)   
European virtual institute for integrated risk management (EU-VRi)   
Centrum Badan Kosmicznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk (SRC)   
Asociacion se investigación de la industria  agrolimentaria (AINIA)  
Universita Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore (UCSC)  
UMEA Univeritat (UMU)  
Department of Health (PHE)  

COUNTRY
Belgium
United Kingdom
France
Norway
Italy
Italy
France
Poland
Italy
Poland
Italy
United Kingdom
Belgium
Estonia
Germany
Finland
France
Spain
France
Switzerland
Israel
Poland
The Netherlands
Italy
France
Romania 
Spain  
United Kingdom  
United Kingdom  
Estonia  
Germany  
Germany  
Germany  
Poland  
Spain  
Italy  
Sweden  
United Kingdom  

18
18

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

GIFT CBRN /  Generic Integrated Forensic Toolbox for CBRN 
incidents

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

608100

Total Cost   

€7,125,972.12  

EU Contribution  

€ 5,463,924.8

Starting Date  

01/09/2014

Duration 

36 months

NETHERLANDS  
FORENSIC INSTITUTE  
Laan van Ypenburg 6 

Forensic investigation is a key component in the fight 

TGIFT will develop the most advanced forensic toolbox 

against crime and the protection of EU societies. At pre-

for CBRN incidents in the world.

sent it is hampered by a lack of protocols and training 

in carrying out forensic analysis on CBRN-contaminated 

The GIFT consortium intends to further develop the inves-

materials. The aim of GIFT-CBRN is to develop a forensic 

tigative and analytical methods that are currently only 

toolbox for investigating CBRN incidents. This toolbox 

used in a secure laboratory environment and instead 

would provide (1) procedures, sampling methods and 

allow them to be used at the scene of the crime. This 

detection of CBRN agents at the crime scene, (2) tra-

means ensuring not only that delicate equipment can 

ditional forensic laboratory methods for contaminated 

be transported to a remote location, but that it is also 

evidence and (3) laboratory methods for profiling the 

able to withstand the problems of a CBRN environment 

CBRN agents released at the incident. The procedures 

such as decontamination.

and methods are will be set up and validated according 

2490 AA The Hague

to ISO17025 and the system validation will be performed 

Through the cooperation of Europe-wide CBRN research 

The Netherlands

by a final exercise. Procedures for chain of custody, QC to 

agencies, first responders, industrialists and subject mat-

Contact

ensure the integrity of the evidence and investigations 

ter experts the toolbox will provide enhanced capability 

Daan Maas Geesteranus 

done on the evidence from crime scene to court will be 

in three areas of CBRN forensics;

Tel : +31 70 888 6128

developed. An education and training curriculum related 

Website :  

to the developed procedures, best practices and meth-

1.  Procedures, sampling methods and detection of CBRN 

www.giftforensics.eu

ods will be designed and progressed to implementation.

agents at the crime scene,

Underpinning the above aims, research will be carried 

2.  Traditional forensic laboratory methods for dealing 

out to develop novel methodologies to enable traditional 

with contaminated evidence,

forensic science (DNA, fingerprint and electronic devices) 

to be carried out on CBRN contaminated exhibits and 

3.  Laboratory methods for profiling CBRN agents re-

analytical procedures to be carried out that not only 

leased at an incident.

provide information about the CBRN agent itself but 

also through CBRN profiling provide in-depth informa-

tion which can give valuable forensic information, for 

example points of origin.

The project team includes forensic research laboratories, 

potential users of the expected developments, including 

public and private users, and SMEs who will be able to 

bring the new technologies developed within the project 

to market

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / CBRN ProtectionSecurity Research  Security of the Citizens / CBRN Protection 
GIFT CBRN

19

Results

4.  Micro-analytics on-chip to detect agents of interest

TThe GIFT consortium aims to address the issues of 

5.  Attribution signatures for C, B &R agents

conducting forensic analyses in a contaminated environ-

ment by developing novel methodologies and technolo-

6.  Education and training curriculum

gies which will enable forensic investigators to perform 

enhanced analysis at the crime scene. Some

key innovations will be:

1.  Novel sensors for chemical and biological agents

2.  Detection of alpha-emitting particles using UV

3.  Development of decontamination methods that won’t 

impact on forensic traces

PARTNERS 

FALCON COMMUNICATIONS LIMITED 
NEDERLANDSE ORGANISATIE VOOR TOEGEPAST NATUURWETENSCHAPPELIJK ONDERZOEK - TNO 
M-SQUARED LASERS LIMITED 
SATEILYTURVAKESKUS 
DE FEDERALE OVERHEIDSDIENST JUSTITIE - LE SERVICE PUBLIC FEDERAL JUSTICE 
TOTALFORSVARETS FORSKNINGSINSTITUT 
ANALYZE IQ LIMITED 
NANOBIZ NANOBIYOTEKNOLOJIK SISTEMLER EGITIM BILISIM DANISMANLIK AR-GE LTD STI 
L.Q.C SL 
JRC -JOINT RESEARCH CENTRE- EUROPEAN COMMISSION 
RAMEM SA 
ECOLE ROYALE MILITAIRE - KONINKLIJKE MILITAIRE SCHOOL 
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE CORK 
ETICAS RESEARCH AND CONSULTING SL 
AWE PLC 
SPACE APPLICATIONS SERVICES NV 
COMMISSARIAT A L ENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES 
THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR ENVIRONMENT, FOOD AND RURAL AFFAIRS 
RIKSKRIMINALPOLISEN NATIONAL 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
The Netherlands
United Kingdom
Finland
Belgium
Sweden
Ireland
Turkey
Spain
Belgium
Spain
Belgium
Ireland
Spain
United Kingdom
Belgium
France
United Kingdom
Sweden

20
20

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

ISIS /  Integrated intelligent sensor system for improved security of water 
supplies

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Results

312330

Total Cost   

€ 4,790,621.90   

EU Contribution  

€ 3,484,929.00

Starting Date  

01/01/14

Duration 

36 months

ISIS will provide public security by developing an advanced 

monitoring system for drinking water networks that 

» Sensors: develop four complementary innovative sensor 
methods. Each will have adaptable selectivity, through 

instantly detects chemical or biological contamination 

tailored sensing surfaces, so that collectively they can 

and gives clear indication of the risk level.

cover major potential contaminants, both chemical 

Description of the work 

and biological

» Wireless  network:  apply  new  methods  to  achieve 
effective sensor distributions within the constraint of 

existing water system architectures

C-TECH INNOVATION 
LTD + (CTECH) 
Strategic Research

The ISIS project will combine state of the art advances in 

four main areas: sensors, wireless networks, intelligent 

surveillance  strategies  and  integrated  risk  analysis 

» Intelligent monitoring strategies: develop novel decision 
software to ensure the integrity of the monitoring 

Unit 2 Capenhurst  

software.

system

Technology Park

CH1 6EH  – Capenhurst  – 

United Kingdom 

Contact

Domenico Cupertino    

Tel : +44 151 347 2965

Fax : +44 151 347 2901

E-mail : dom.cupertino@

ctechinnovation.com

Website :  

www.ctechinnovation.com

» Integrated risk analysis software: develop risk analysis 
software, which will be implemented in two ways. 

(1)  integrated into the monitoring strategy to provide a 

reliable model-based architecture; 

(2)  modelled  on  the  existing  architecture  of  water 

treatment  and  distribution  systems  in  order  to 

optimise the positioning and implementation of the 

sensor network.

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / CBRN ProtectionSecurity Research  Security of the Citizens / CBRN ProtectionISIS

21

PARTNERS 

European Commission (EC) 
C-Tech Innovation Ltd. (CTECH) 
Kauno Vandenys Uab  (KV) 
Vivaqua Scrl  (VVQ) 
Cniguard Ltd (CNIG) 
Advantic Sistemas Y Servicios (ADVAN) 
Aleksandro Stulginskio Universitetas (ASU) 
Commissariat  à  L’ Energie Atomique et Aux Energies Alternatives (CEA) 
Universitaet Wien (UNIVIE) 
Universita Degli Studi Di Roma Tor Vergata (UTOV) 
IOS International NV (IOS) 

COUNTRY

Belgium
United Kingdom
Lithiuania
Belgium
United Kingdom
Spain
Lithuania
France
Austria
Italy
Belgium

22
22

MODES_SNM / Modular detection system for special nuclear material

M
N
S
_
S
E
D
O
M
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
n
n
o
o
o
i
i
i
t
t
t
a
a
a
m
m
m
r
r
r
o
o
o
f
f
f
n
n
n
I
I
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

»  Studies and development geared towards the replacement  

284842

Total Cost  

€ 3,282,051.20

EU Contribution  

€ 2,411,633

Starting Date  

01/01/2012

End Date 

30/06/2014

Special Nuclear Materials (Highly Enriched Uranium and 

of the photomultipliers in the current system with solid 

Plutonium) are difficult to detect, especially when masked 

state devices to reduce the size and increase robustness;

or shielded : gamma rays and neutrons emitted by SNM 

have to be detected in order to increase the sensitivity 

» Design of compact front-end electronics based on CAEN 

against natural backgrounds. These objectives were pur-

know-how on Digital Pulse Processing. 

sued by optimizing a novel technology recently developed 

allowing the detection of all relevant radiation types 

In parallel with the optimization task, two other tasks 

and the engineering of a prototype of a modular, com-

were performed :

pact, mobile detection system that was qualified under 

UNIVERSITA’ DEGLI 

STUDI DI PADOVA

laboratory conditions. Moreover, it was commissioned 

in an on-field campaign driven by the end-user group 

» Using ARKTIS technology, new types of detectors were 
developed using noble gas cells : a gamma ray sensor 

Department of Physics and 

established in the project. The campaign focused on both 

and a thermal neutron sensor. The ambitious goal of 

Astronomy

Via Marzolo 8

performance and usability aspects including the verifica-

this task was to develop a suite of detectors capable 

tion of the man-machine interface. The MODES_SNM 

of gamma, fast and thermal neutron detection, and 

35131 Padova, Italy

system satisfied two major requirements : 

spectroscopy, all based on the same technology and 

Contact

Giuseppe Viesti

Tel  : +39 0498275933

» improving the state-of-the-art in detection of radioac-
tive and Special Nuclear Material in terms of sensitivity 

Mobile : +39 3484115826

for shielded SNM ; 

Fax  : +39 0498275961

E-mail  :  

giuseppe.viesti@unipd.it

» being usable by emergency responders in the field 
filling the gap between Radiation Portal Monitors and 

Website :  

hand-held devices.

http ://www.fisica.unipd.it/

Description of the work 

using the same electronics front-end and DAQ;

» A suitable INFORMATION SYSTEM (IS) was prepared. 
The IS managed and controled the detectors, including 

start-up operations and calibrations. It managed and 

analyzed the data flow from the detectors to achieve 

on line : 1) the irate of all radiation species compared 

with the background level ; 2) the application of energy 

windowing on the fast-neutron and gamma-ray spectra 

to validate the alarms for weak sources ; 3) the analysis 

of gamma ray spectra for isotope identification ; 4) data 

Starting from the pre-existing know-how of ARKTIS in the 

fusion of all detectors and presentation of the data to 

field of high pressure noble gas scintillation detectors, 

the operator through a simple man-machine interface.

the MODES_SNM project aimed first at a general opti-

mization of the detector with the goal of designing and 

This MODES_SNM prototype represented the final de-

realizing the modular mobile system described below. 

liverable of the project. It was modular and scalable, 

The relevant tasks were :

divided into so-called system blocks easily mounted 

»   Optimization of the mechanical design of the high-

pressure gas cells to minimize weight;

and removed into/onto vehicles :

» Block A consisted of all system electronics including 
power supply and battery, signal processing electronics 

and computing; 

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / CBRN ProtectionSecurity Research  Security of the Citizens / CBRN Protection 
 
 
MODES_SNM 23
23

» Blocks B consisted of arrays of four detectors per block, 
selected from the suite of gamma, fast and thermal 

transportations over more than 6000 km and end-user 

operations under different conditions. The end-users were 

neutron. The prototype consisted of one Block A and 

able to run the system without problems and without the 

several Block Bs, depending on the specific deployment. 

supervision of technical experts. The prototype showed great 

Results

potential since the beginning; its detection performances 

proved to be comparable and in some cases even surpassing 

those of commercial systems, while providing additional 

The MODES SNM prototype was qualified during 2014 for 

features which are of high importance to customers. The 

the detection of moving gamma-ray and neutron sources 

demonstration campaign showed only one relevant issue 

as well as for the detection and identification of 252Cf, 

concerning the occasional triggering of false alarms, a prob-

(alpha,n) neutron sources, Pu and U samples at the PERLA 

lem identified and solved at the end of the field tests. At this 

Laboratory at JRCIspra. It was then tested on the field at 

time the prototype is capable of detection and identification 

the Rotterdam and Dublin seaports, at the Heathrow Airport, 

of gamma-ray sources and NORMs, neutron sources as 

and in Basel and Uri (Switzerland).

252Cf, Am/Be, Pu/Be  and  SNM  as  Pu  and  U samples. 

The system also detects the presence of hydrogenated or 

Results from the field tests demonstrated that the MODES 

lead shielding enclosing neutron sources.

SNM prototype was shown to be very robust, surviving all 

PARTNERS 

UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI PADOVA (UNIPD) 
ARKTIS RADIATION DETECTORS LTD (ARKTIS) 
Narodowe Centrum Badań Jądrowych - National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCBJ) 
Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH) 
COSTRUZIONI APPARECCHIATURE ELETTRONICHE NUCLEARI C.A.E.N. SPA (CAEN) 
UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DELL’INSUBRIA (UINS) 
THE REVENUE COMMISSIONERS (RC) 
THE UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL (UNILIV) 

COUNTRY

Italy
Switzerland
Poland
Switzerland
Italy
Italy
Ireland
United Kingdom

24

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
f

û

i

s
a
a
H
n
m
a
n
e
B

j

,
i
t
n
a
D
a
e
r
d
n
A
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

REWARD / REal-time Wide-Area RaDiation Surveillance System

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

284845

Total Cost  

€ 4,270,883

EU Contribution  

€ 3,020,795

Starting Date  

01/12/2011

End Date 

30/11/2014

CONSEJO SUPERIOR 

DE INVESTIGACIONES 

CIENTÍFICAS 

Instituto de Microelectróni-

noma de Barcelona

08193 Bellaterra  

(Barcelona), Spain

Contact

The REWARD project developed portable, intelligent ra-

The system also incorporated middleware and high-level 

diation detectors that can determine the flux and energy 

software to provide web-service interfaces for the ex-

of the incoming radiation, as well as their own location. 

change of information and an expert system to continu-

Multiple individual detectors were integrated in a ubiq-

ously analyse the information from the radiation sensor 

uitous radiation sensing system in order to continuously 

and correlate it with historical data in order to generate 

monitor an area, generate an alarm if an anomalous situ-

an alarm when an abnormal situation is detected.

ation is encountered and locate and identify the radia-

tion sources. The main features of the REWARD system :

REWARD was useful for many different scenarios such 

» Real-time system with wide area coverage;

radioactive contamination or nuclear accidents. It can 

as nuclear terrorism threats, lost radioactive sources, 

» Novel solid-state detector technologies;

ca de Barcelona, IMB-CNM 

» Gamma and neutron detection;

(CSIC) 

Campus Universidad Autó-

» Scalable in terms of complexity and costs;

be deployed in emergency units and in general in any 

type of mobile or static equipment, but also inside public/

private buildings or infrastructures. The sensing units 

have been highly portable thanks to their low size and 

low energy consumption. The complete system was scal-

able in terms of complexity and cost and offered very 

high precision in terms of both the measurement and 

» Portable and adaptable to any type of environment.

the location of the radiation.

New methods and tools were developed for fusion, real-

REWARD’s goals were realized by the collaborative effort 

Prof. Manuel Lozano

time and offline data mining of the radiation sensor 

of eight highly specialized, though synergistic research 

Tel  : +34 93 594 77 00

information to discover patterns and associations of 

organizations, wireless sensor networks providers, soft-

Fax  : +34 93 580 14 96

background radiation.

ware developers and application users. 

E-mail  :  

Manuel.Lozano@csic.es

Description of the work 

Website :  

The modularity and flexibility of the system allowed for a 

realistic introduction to the market. Authorities may start 

http ://www.reward-project.eu/

REWARD is a novel mobile system for real-time, wide-

with a basic, low-cost system and increase the complexity 

area radiation surveillance. It is based on the integra-

based on their evolving needs and budget constraints.

tion of new miniaturized solid-state radiation sensors : a 

CdZnTe detector for gamma radiation and a high-efficien-

Results

cy neutron detector based on novel silicon technologies. 

The sensing unit has included a wireless communication 

REWARD delivered a system composed of the following 

interface to send the data remotely to a monitoring 

main elements:

base station as well as a GPS system to calculate the 

position of the tag.

» High efficiency CdZnTe detector for gamma radiation 
and neutron detector based on novel silicon technolo-

gies integrated in the same monitoring tag to make it 

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / CBRN Protection 
 
 
 
 
 
 
easier to identify both radioactive sources and nuclear 

Special  emphasis  was  given  to  engage  end  users, 

materials.

stakeholders and investors coming from academia, large 

industries, SMEs, and security forces through different 

» A central monitoring and decision support system de-
veloped with the ability to process data from the sens-

dissemination activities. 

ing units and to compare them with historical records. 

Research, demonstration, dissemination, and exploitation 

» A cloud-based middleware for the management and 
communication of the wireless sensor network with the 

to have a significant impact on Europe’s CBRN security. 

REWARD constitutes a new tool for detecting difficult to 

central monitoring and decision support system that is 

detect radioactive sources and nuclear materials, having 

fully scalable to handle from a single tag. 

a direct impact on the goals of the EU CBRN Action Plan.

resulted in technological advances that are expected 

» A security framework to ensure protection against 
unauthorised access to the network and data, ensuring 

the privacy of the communications and contributing 

to the robustness of the system. 

PARTNERS 

Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) 
Sensing & Control Systems S.L. (S&C) 
Vitrociset S.p.A (VCT) 
Universität Freiburg (ALU-FR) 
Instituto Tecnológico e Nuclear (ITN) 
XIE. X-ray Imaging Europe (XIE) 
EDISOFT (EDI) 
Civil Protection Unit of Campania (DIP) 

REWARD

25

COUNTRY

Spain
Spain
Italy
Germany
Portugal
Germany
Portugal
Italy

26

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SAFEWATER / Innovative tools for the detection and mitigation of 
CBRN related contamination events of drinking water

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

» the integration and development of partial capabilities 
(sensors, system, and Event Management System);

The overarching aim of the SAFEWATER project is to 

develop a comprehensive and pragmatic platform to 

» Initial testing results, including a SAFEWATER user 

manage  the  safety  and  security  of  drinking  water, 

workshop 

reducing the time to react and effectively respond to a 

crisis.SAFEWATER will thus cover the detection, response, 

and V2 solutions (Release 2 at the end of the project), 

and recovery stages of potential events.

including;

312764

Total Cost  

€4,776,382.20

EU Contribution  

€ 3,494,338.25

Starting Date  

01/10/2013

Duration 

39 months

SAFEWATER will pursue the following objectives:

ARTTIC FRANCE

ARTTIC

» OB1: Improve preparedness through enhanced event 
detection capabilities, including virtual sensors machine 

58A rue du Dessous des 

learning  algorithms  and  unsupervised  learning 

» the integration and development of full capabilities 
(sensors, system, and Event Management System) 

based on the outcomes of testing and further tech-

nologicl developments;

Berges

capabilities to train the system;

» physical trials;

75013 Paris, France

Contact

Na’ama Agmon Licht 

Tel.: +97233732604

Fax: +97233732009

E-mail: 

» OB2: Strengthen current response & recovery capacities 
of  security  and  safety  management  systems  for 

» final results culminating in a final workshop.

drinking water through a new generation of real-time 

Results

decision support systems;

SAFEWATER - Innovative tools for the detection and 

agmon-licht@arttic.eu

» OB3: Develop new and improve current CBRN sensors 

mitigation of CBRN related contamination events of 

Website : www.arttic.eu 

for drinking water;

drinking water

» OB4: Develop adequately focused solutions for different 

SAFEWATER developed a comprehensive event detection 

usage contexts;

and event management solution for drinking water secu-

rity management and mitigation against major deliber-

» OB5: Optimise internal efficiency and external impact.

ate, accidental or natural CBRN related contaminations. 

The following is a list of SAFEWATER enabled products:

Description of the work 

The SAFEWATER project will be driven by concrete usage 

» Event Detection System (Decision Makers): The Event 
Detection System (EDS) utilises at its core the Mindset-

cases corresponding to potential water security events. 

Detector, a machine learning based software platform 

To make sure that the project is efficiently managed, 

for water/sewage quality events detection for decision 

the consortium will work according to common global 

makers 

milestones, which structure the project in a set of V1 

solutions (Release 1 at midterm), including:

» Event Management System (Fraunhofer IOSB): The 
Event Management System (EMS) provides a platform 

to efficiently manage response actions regarding a 

contamination event 

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / CBRN ProtectionSAFEWATER

27

» Offline and Online Simulators (3S Consult/Fraunhofer): 
Several powerful simulation tools that enable decision 

Trials and measurements of individual components as 

well as the entire completed system were performed in 

makers to simulate and predict the dynamic behaviour 

special hydraulic test networks in three different water 

of hydraulic and water quality parameters in water 

utilities, with promising results. Applying the SAFEWATER 

distribution networks 

» Chemical sensor (Biomonitech): An early warning tool 
for chemical contamination for municipal and regional 

water suppliers 

system, or a subset of components thereof, will enhance 

a water utility’s ability to rapidly detect a contamina-

tion event, analyse its repercussions using real-time 

hydraulic models, mitigate the damage using simulation 

tools and swift operating procedures, and deal more 

effectively with the event using a comprehensive event 

» Biological sensor (ACREO): An integrated system to 

management tool.

detect bacteria such as E. coli in drinking water

» Radiological sensor (CEA): SAFEWATER’s radiological 
sensor has the capacity to detect a beta and alpha 

radiological contamination 

PARTNERS 

ARTTIC (ART) 
Hagihon Company Ltd. (Hagihon) 
3S Consult GMBH (3S) 
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung E.V (Fraunhofer IOSB) 
Aguas do Algarve, SA (AdA) 
Commissariat A L Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA) 
ACREO Swedish ICT AB (ACREO) 
Decision Maker Ltd (DM) 
BioMonitech Ltd (BM) 

COUNTRY

France
Israel
Germany
Germany
Portugal
France
Sweden
Israel
Israel

28

SCINTILLA / Development of detection capabilities of difficult  
to detect radioactive sources and nuclear materials

A
E
C
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

285204

Total Cost   

€ 3,867,616.38

EU Contribution  

€ 3,023,652.12

Starting Date  

01/01/2012

End Date 

31/12/2014

SCINTILLA aimed at building an innovative and compre-

SCINTILLA covered a broad range of different usage cases 

hensive toolbox of devices and best-of-breed technolo-

including automatic screening of moving targets such as 

gies for the enhanced detection and identification of dif-

people, cars and trucks, the inspection of large containers 

ficult to detect radioactive sources and nuclear material :

as well as the detection of radioactive sources in bombs.

» Dealing with the challenge of masked and shielded 

The SCINTILLA Test-bed Service and annual Technol-

material;

ogy Benchmarks respectively supported and selected 

the technologies ; they were also open to third-party 

COMMISSARIAT À 

able/mobile and cost effective;

» Developing effective solutions, which are reliable, port-

developments. 

L’ENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET 

AUX ENERGIES  

ALTERNATIVES

» Finding a reliable replacement for Helium-3, which 
is the major consumable for today’s RPM (Radiation 

In addition to more technical criteria such as sensitivity, 

discrimination between neutron and gamma radiation 

and  the  minimisation  of  false  alarms,  SCINTILLA 

DRT/LIST/ DCSI/ LCAE

Portal Monitors) devices for neutron detection and has 

assessed technologies with respect to practical criteria 

CEA Saclay, Bât 516,  

become close to unavailable in the European Union.

such as portability, mobility and cost-benefit ratios.

Point courier n°72

91191 - Gif sur Yvette - 

France

Contact

Guillaume SANNIE

Tel  : +33 1 69 08 51 88 

Fax  : +33 1 69 08 60 30

E-mail  :  

guillaume.sannie@cea.fr

The resulting selection of best-of-breed technologies 

was then integrated into full prototype devices, which 

were ready for assessment in selected usage cases under 

(close to) real-life conditions. 

To reflect the different TRL of technologies under devel-

opment the project proceeded in two stages with usage 

assessments at midterm and project end.

The SCINTILLA Toolbox was provided with User Guidelines 

and a Technology Handbook for integrators.

SCINTILLA also developed and promoted communication 

protocols and standards.

Around the Test-bed and Benchmark services a sus-

tainable SCINTILLA Partnership Network was built, a 

worldwide community of technology providers, experts 

and users, around the topic of detection technologies.

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / CBRN Protection 
 
SCINTILLA

29

Results

3 patents were submitted by consortium partners: n°13 

58552 (CEA), n° 14 60162 (CEA) and PCT/IB2014/065876 

SCINTILLA developed a toolbox featuring new and im-

(INFN/ANSALDO). Commercial exploitation includes im-

proved scintillator-based technologies for the passive 

proved detection portals from SYMETRICA and INFN/

detection of difficult-to-detect radioactive sources and 

ANSALDO. Some of the portal detectors have already 

nuclear materials, which may threaten EU citizens and 

been successfully sold into major international con-

society. SCINTILLA helps address the strategic issue to 

tracts. The testing facilities at EK and JRC will continue 

Europe by replacing He3 for neutron detection.

to serve the purpose of testing and certifying detection 

equipment to deal with difficult-to-detect sources and 

The SCINTILLA Testbed services and Technology Bench-

nuclear materials.

marks assured that the SCINTILLA Toolbox stayed open 

to best-of-breed technologies and new developments. 

The iterative process allowed regular improvements of 

developments and prototypes. Regular interaction with 

end-users allowed the consortium to match market con-

straints and demand.

PARTNERS 

COMMISSARIAT A L’ENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES (CEA) 
EUROPEAN COMMISSION - JOINT RESEARCH CENTRE (JRC) 
ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DI FISICA NUCLEARE (INFN) 
ANSALDO NUCLEARE SPA (ANSALDO) 
CENTRE FOR ENERGY RESEARCH – HUNGARIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES (IKI) 
FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FOERDERUNG DER ANGEWANDTEN FORSCHUNG E.V (FhG INT) 
ARTTIC (ART) 
SAPHYMO SAS (SAPHYMO) 
SYMETRICA SECURITY LTD (SYMETRICA) 

COUNTRY

France
Belgium
Italy
Italy
Hungary
Germany
France
France
United Kingdom

30

u
a
E
r
u
c
e
S
©

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SECUREAU /Security and decontamination of drinking water  
distribution systems following a deliberate contamination

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

217976

Total Cost   

€ 7,481,418.73

EU Contribution   

€ 5,266,871

Starting Date   

01/02/2009

End Date   

31/01/2013

UNIVERSITE HENRI  

POINCARE - NANCY 1

Service des Relations Inter-

The main objective of this proposal is to launch an ap-

propriate response for rapidly restoring the use of the 

» Localization of the point source(s) of contamination 
and subsequently the contaminated area (via model-

drinking water network after a deliberate contamination 

ling reactive transport) allowing delimitation of the 

and by way of consequence to limit the impact on the 

corrective actions;

population of safe water privation because of contami-

nated networks. Five main topics will be addressed :

» Decontamination procedures (efficient and realistic) 
of the distribution system, i.e. adapted to size, age, 

» Detection of unexpected changes in water quality;

architecture of the network, including the treatment of 

water extracted from the system and used for wash-

» Adaptation of analytical methods to rapidly detect 

ing the pipe wall;

specific CBRN contaminants; 

nationales, Cellule Europe

» Localization of the point source(s) of contamination;

22-30 rue Lionnois

60120

54003 Nancy cedex  

FRANCE

Contact

Sylvain FASS

Tel  : +33 (0)3 54 50 54 37

» Decontamination procedures of the distribution system; 

» Controlling the efficacy of the corrective actions.

Description of the work

» Controlling the efficacy of the corrective actions by 
analysing the water bulk and especially the pipe walls’ 

surface and the deposits;

» The case studies will give the chance for the practition-
ers to apply on site in realistic conditions the selected 

sensors, software and remediation technologies. It is a 

unique occasion to test an emergency procedure on a 

complicated, quasi directly inaccessible, and relatively 

Fax  : +33 (0)3 54 50 54 01

SecurEau will implement an effective and timely response 

fragile system, to evaluate its feasibility at field scale, 

E-mail  :  

to a CBRN attack. Questions that will be addressed for 

and to evaluate the difficulty in applying corrective 

sylvain.fass@uhp-nancy.fr

successful coordinated response of water utilities and 

treatments to the huge water bulk generated by the 

Website  :  

regulatory agencies to contamination include :

neutralisation/extraction of contaminants.

http ://www.secureau.eu/

» Detection of unexpected changes in water quality 
which could be in relation to a deliberate contami-

Results

nation event, by applying commercially available or 

The project developed sensors and specific contingency 

recently developed generic sensors placed throughout 

plans to identify and address the contamination of water 

the distribution systems;

in urban and rural water distribution networks. 

» Adaptation of known analytical methods to rapidly 
detect specific CBRN contaminants in water and es-

pecially in biofilms and on pipe walls;

SECUREAU  achieved  10  important  technological  

advancements:

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / CBRN ProtectionCoordinatorInformation 
SECUREAU

31

  1.  sensors that detect any abnormal changes in water 

  9.  verification of decontamination by deposits, bio-

quality and provide assistance to the operator to 

films or scale analysis, or by using sensor signals

manage the drinking water network 

  10.  decision tools within organizational frameworks and 

  2.  software that identifies the optimal location of 

methodologies to follow in specific crisis situations.

water quality sensors and data treatment

  3.  mathematical models to find the optimal distribu-

Building on the above tasks during its fourth and final 

tion of sentinel coupons

year, SECUREAU carried out experiments on wall deposits 

  4.  mathematical approaches to identify sources of 

and biofilms to determine the kinetic parameters for 

contamination and the contaminated areas

absorption and desorption of contaminants, and methods 

  5.  CBRN pollutant analytical methods

used software to model the contamination of drinking 

  6.  modeling sorption and desorption to predict the 

water networks and identify contamination sources.

for decontaminating water and cleaning pipes. It also 

spread of contamination

  7. pipe wall cleaning and decontamination

Finally, the research team installed two networks – one 

  8.   methods of handling of decontamination sludge 

rural, one urban – comprised of 40 sensors to collect 

and water

field information and to create an early warning system 

of contamination.

PARTNERS 

Université Henri Poincaré – Nancy 1 (UHP) 
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 
Veolia Environnement Recherche et Innovation (VERI) 
Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut für Wasserforschung gemeinnützige GmbH (IWW) 
University of Southampton (SOTON) 
Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP) 
Riga Technical University (RTU) 
Centre national du Machinisme Agricole, du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts (CEMAGREF) 
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) 
Monitoring Systems Ltd. (MSystems) 
Veolia Water Central (VWC) 
Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority (STUK) 
Kelda Group PLC (YWS) 
National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL) 

COUNTRY

France
France
France
Germany
United Kingdom
Portugal
Latvia
France
France
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Finland
United Kingdom
Finland

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
32

SNIFFER / Securing the food chains from primary production and animal feeds 
to consumer-ready food against major deliberate, accidental or natural CBRN contamination.

k
c
o
t
s
k
n
h
T
©

i

E
A
C
O
C
©

312411

Total Cost   

€ 3,632,513

EU Contribution  

€ 2,720,029

Starting Date  

01/05/2013

Duration   

36 months

n
n
o
o
i
i
t
t
a
a
m
m
r
r
o
o
f
f
n
n
I
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

health hazardous agents in the food supply chain and to 

increase the security within all the steps that constitute 

Project SNIFFER envisions the design and development 

the food supply chain.

of a network of distributed detection devices, capable 

of rapid, on-site detection of multiple kinds of agents 

Description of the work 

and CBR agents with high sensitivity and specificity 

throughout the most vulnerable stages of the food 

The SNIFFER consortium has established a precise and 

supply chain (such as farms, large collection centers, 

main objective for this project which is to:

wholesalers, etc…). 

The project will address both available sensor technology 

» Increase the security of the food supply chain by de-
veloping a network of detection devices to detect CBR 

TEKEVER ASDS (TEK)

and new, complementary sensor devices that shall be 

agents introduced in food either by accidental, natural 

TEKEVER ASDS

used for the detection of hazardous CBR agents within 

or intentional means.

Rua das Musas 3.30

the food supply chain. The sensor devices to be developed 

1990-113, Lisboa

are characterised by their portability, ease of use and 

This achievement will be pursued by providing specific 

Portugal

Contact

reusability. Another important feature of the new device 

outcomes from the activities identified below:

will be its modular design, i.e. the device is formed by 

André Oliveira

several independent modules (sensors, communication 

» Development of a new sensor (MIPs technology) with a 

Tel  : +351 213 304 300 

device, on-board computing, etc), combined through 

faster detection time, and improved re-usability

Fax  : +351 213 304 301

generalized and standardized connections. 

E-mail  :  

andre.oliveira@tekever.com

The network of sensor devices will be designed as a 

» Combination of MIPs with fluorogenic probes to reduce 
false positive rates and improve sensor robustness

centralised architecture, in which all the data from the 

devices will be sent to a command center. An operator of 

the SNIFFER system will also have the ability to remotely 

» Provide the capability to network different sensors 
at different stages/locations of the food supply chain 

control and command the sensor devices using a specific 

(vertical and horizontal dimensions)

interface from the command center.

» Development of the capability to improve the quality 

Project SNIFFER also envisions the creation of a set of 

of detection through data fusion

guidelines, which presents the countermeasures and 

procedures that shall be used within the European Un-

» Definition of a set of sample preparation procedures

ion whenever a food or feed borne incident is detected 

within the food supply chain. The guidebook will provide 

help to the appropriate entities in employing the correc-

» Definition of a set of recommendations to policy makers 
(specific recommendations to food security agencies 

tive counter-measures in order to mitigate, restrain or 

and European authorities)

ultimately eradicate the hazardous agent. 

The aforementioned objectives of the project will be 

» Definition of a set of scenarios specifically adapted to 
food supply chain and the SNIFFER validation meth-

directed to achieve the final goal of providing means of 

odology

countermeasure to mitigate a possible incident of CBR  

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / CBRN Protection 
 
SNIFFER / 

33

Results

Additionally, the faster detection time and higher rate 

of re-usability introduced by the MIPs technology will 

The capability to network different devices with different 

enable users to perform more tests/hour and wait less 

functionalities (i.e. capable of detecting different agents) 

time for the results which again results directly in lower 

throughout the entire food supply chain will undoubtedly 

detection times.

reduce the detection time (the time between contaminating 

a specific food and detecting this contaminated food some-

where along the chain) of contaminant agents, introduced 

either deliberately, accidentally or through natural sources. 

By providing users with the ability to perform tests at any 

stage across the entire food chain (which is basically al-

ready possible but not with the technology proposed in 

SNIFFER), the probability of detecting contamination earlier 

will increase. 

PARTNERS 

Tekever ASDS (TEK) 
Ministério da Defesa Nacional (LBDB) 
Umea Universitet (UMU) 
INESC Porto – Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores do Porto (INESC) 
Universidad de Burgos (UBU) 
Osterreichische Agentur für Gesundheit  und Ernahrungssicherheit (AGES) 
Centre Suisse d’electronique et de microtechnique SA – Recherche et developpement (CSEM) 
Forvarets Forskninginstitutt (FFI) 

COUNTRY

Portugal
Portugal
Sweden
Portugal
Spain
Austria
Switzerland
Norway

34

R
f
B
©

n
n
o
o
i
i
t
t
a
a
m
m
r
r
o
o
f
f
n
n
I
I

i
i

r
r
o
o
t
t
a
a
n
n
d
d
r
r
o
o
o
o
C
C

SPICED / Securing the spices and herbs commodity chains in Europe 
against deliberate, accidental or natural biological and chemical contamination 

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

312631

Total Cost   

€ 4,586,455.60

EU Contribution  

€ 3,499,942.35

Starting Date  

01/07/2013

Duration 

36 months

SPICED aimed to:

SPICED systematically collected and evaluated informa-

tion about complex spice/herb chains, including produc-

» characterise the heterogeneous matrices of spices and 
herbs based on their respective production and sup-

tion and international trade, and about hazards that carry 

risk of natural, accidental or deliberate contamination of 

ply chains that can lead to major natural, accidental, 

spices and herbs. Based on the collected data, the most 

or deliberate contamination of the food chain with 

relevant spices and dried herbs, along with biological 

biological and chemical hazards

and chemical hazards, were selected.

FEDERAL INSTITUTE FOR 

» improve the knowledge of biological hazards as well 
as on-site and high-throughput diagnostic methods 

To ensure reliable detection and improved identification 

of biological hazards in spices/herbs, sample prepara-

RISK ASSESSMENT (BFR)

for appropriate agent detection

Department Biological 

Safety

Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10

» reduce industrial chemical adulterations as well as 
ensuring spice and herb authenticity by evaluating 

tion and analysis were established and improved for 

spices and dried herbs. These matrices often contain 

compounds that interfere with classic detection methods. 

Techniques based on molecular biology, immunology, 

Postfach 126942, 10609 

and improving non-targeted fingerprinting methods

and cytometry were included. They covered quantitative 

Berlin

10589 Berlin

Germany

Contact

Dr. Juliane Bräunig

Tel  : +49 30 18412 0

Fax  : +49 30 18412 4741

E-mail  :  

spiced@bfr.bund.de

Website : www.spiced.eu

www.bfr.bund.de

» improve alerting, reporting and decontamination sys-
tems as well as techniques to ensure high-quality 

ing/detection methods and approaches to discriminating 

between living and non-living bacteria. All methods were 

high-throughput detection methods, rapid on-site screen-

prevention and response 

investigated for selected agent–matrix combinations. 

For standardisation and harmonisation of diagnostics, 

a ring trial was carried out.

The tenacity of selected biological hazards (different 

bacteria and biological toxins) in spice/herb matrices 

and decontamination procedures was investigated by 

experiments and modelling.

For the detection of natural, accidental and deliber-

ate contamination of spices and herbs with chemical 

agents, several spectrometric and spectroscopic finger-

printing techniques were applied to a representative set 

of authentic and adulterated spice/herb samples. The 

fingerprinting data were used to develop and evaluate 

various chemometric classification techniques that allow 

distinguishing authentic samples from adulterated or 

contaminated samples. In addition, analytical methods 

(HPLC-MS/MS) were developed to evaluate the level of 

contaminants and residues in spices and herbs.

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / CBRN Protection 
SPICED

35

In parallel, the project investigated and assessed strate-

reporting strategies; and consumer exposure to bacterial 

gies to improve sampling, monitoring, and reporting in 

agents through spices and herbs.

spice and herb chains. Vulnerable points for potential 

natural, accidental or deliberate contaminations were 

SPICED also developed and improved methodologies for 

identified in the paprika spice chain. The project also as-

the detection of biological agents in different spices and 

sessed the potential exposure of consumers to bacterial 

herbs, unknown chemical hazards and adulterations of 

hazards derived from spice/herb chains.

these commodities. 

Results

Understanding complex food chains and improving methods 

and strategies to prevent and detect potentially hazardous 

The  SPICED  project  broadened  the  knowledge  about: 

agents in spices and herbs directly support the protection 

complex and multifaceted spice/herb chains; potential 

of consumer health.

vulnerable points along the production chain; biological 

contaminants in spices and dried herbs, their tenacity during 

storage and their potential inactivation by different decon-

tamination techniques; efficient sampling, monitoring, and 

PARTNERS 

Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) 
Austrian Agency for Food and Health (AGES) 
Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment (BIOR) 
DLO foundation - RIKILT (DLO) 
Fuchs Gewürze GmbH (FUCHS) 
National Agricultural Research and Innovation Center (KEKI) 
RTD Services (RTDS) 
University of Limerick (UL) 
National Agricultural and Food Center (VÚP) 
Bundeswehr Research Institute for Protective Technologies & NBC-Protection (WIS) 
Wageningen University (WU) 

COUNTRY

Germany
Austria
Latvia
The Netherlands
Germany
Hungary
Austria
Ireland
Slovakia
Germany
The Netherlands

36

n
n
o
o
i
i
t
t
a
a
m
m
r
r
o
o
f
f
n
n
I
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

TAWARA_RTM / TAp WAter RAdioactivity Real Time Monitor

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

The main purpose of the TAWARA_RTM project is to create 

a platform for drinking water security against deliberate 

or accidental radiological or nuclear threats.

» fast alarm for crossing thresholds that require rapid 

actions for the tap water distribution system;

» in case of alarm, starting the spectroscopic investigation 
to determine the type of contamination and decide the 

appropriate and effective countermeasures (response 

This goal will be pursued by targeting the needs of the 

and mitigation measures).

Warsaw Waterwork Company MPWIK, but it will be easily 

adapted to other large municipalities in Europe and abroad.

Description of the work 

312713

Total Cost   

€ 3,414,864.80

EU Contribution  

€2,564,554.00

Starting Date  

01/12/2013

Duration 

30 months

UNIVERSITA’ DEGLI  

STUDI DI PADOVA 

(UNIPD)

The proposed prototype will be composed of two main ra-

Starting from the project consortium’s pre-existing know-

dioactivity detection systems: a real-time monitor system 

how regarding the use of scintillation detectors in nuclear 

(RTM) for the measurement of the gross alpha and beta 

physics applications, TAWARA_RTM’s work plan foresees 

activity in the water, and a spectroscopic system (SPEC) 

first an R&D phase where available detectors and tech-

Department of Physics and 

for the identification of the radioactive contaminant by 

nologies will be optimized for integration into this new 

Astronomy

via Marzolo, 8

exploiting the recognition of its characteristic gamma 

application.

lines. An additional gamma detection system for early 

I-35131 – Padova - Italy

alarm in case of strong radioactive contaminations of raw 

The relevant tasks comprise:

Contact

water will be added to the monitoring network in order to 

Marcello Lunardon  

preserve as much as possible the water treatment plant 

Tel  : +39 049 827 5643

by blocking the contaminated water at its intake.

Fax  : +39 049 827 7102

» design and production of TAWARA_RTM’s prototype RTM 
detector to continuously measure on site the water’s gross 

alpha and beta activity. The detector is based on an array 

E-mail  :  

As required in the call topic, the project will cover the de-

of commercially available plastic scintillators that distin-

marcello.lunardon@unipd.it

velopment, assessment, demonstration, deployment and 

guish between alpha and beta signals. However, these 

Website : www.tawara-rtm.eu

monitoring phases of the new monitoring system at the 

kind of detectors have never been used so far for such 

North Warsaw site where the prototype will be deployed.

application. The optimal read-out scheme and a suitable 

TAWARA_RTM’s mechanical lay-out, electronics architec-

scintillator surface will be realized during the initial R&D 

ture and information system will be specifically conceived 

phase of this task. Moreover, the additional gamma detec-

for easy integration of additional specialized sensors for 

tion system for early alarm in case of strong radioactive 

chemical or biological threats.

contamination will be developed and tested in this phase.

water-protection and functionalization treatment of the 

In this way TAWARA_RTM will offer a system for real time 

on-site monitoring of water quality that will be useful in 

» design and production of a low-background gamma 
spectroscopy system attached to a chemical concentra-

the following tasks:

» early warning in case of changes in the radioactive 
content of water and time reading of the changes;

tion system (SPEC) that will analyse the water after a 

triggered RTM alarm, thus providing information on the 

nature of the radioactive contaminant. New-generation 

inorganic gamma scintillation crystals will be evaluated 

in order to guarantee the expected sensitivity in the 

required timescale.

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / CBRN Protection 
TAWARA_RTM

37

» design of compact front-end electronics based on CAEN 
know-how on digital pulse processing and radiation 

Results

detector power supply systems.

After its official completion in August 2016, the TAWARA_

» dedicated software for the automatic control of the 
prototype and analysis of raw data will be developed. 

It will be coupled to a suitable ICT infrastructure for col-

RTM system remained operational till the end of the year 

at the North Waterworks Plant of Warsaw, managed by 

the Warsaw Waterworks Company.

lecting information from all monitoring nodes scattered 

In 2017 CAEN, one of the main industrial partner of the 

along the tap water plant, allowing complete supervisory 

project, through its subsidiary CAEN SyS - Systems and 

control via a remote web interface. The operator will be 

Spectroscopic solutions, decided to evaluate the possibility 

alerted in case of alarm from any of the nodes and will 

to commercialize the system. One of the three Real Time 

be able to inspect and configure each node.

Monitor (RTM) units of the TAWARA_RTM system was sent 

to Padova University where it was re-activated and tested 

The second phase of the project foresees integration of 

in lab. This RTM is transferred to CAEN SyS for reengineer-

the previous tasks’ results, a complete characterization 

ing and will be used as demo station for promotion of the 

test of the prototype at the Italian National Institute of 

new product WATER-NET (https://caensys.com/water-net/ ).

Ionizing Radiation Metrology of ENEA and final installa-

tion and demonstration phase at the Warsaw Waterwork 

Company site. 

PARTNERS 

Università degli Studi di Padova (UNIPD) 
Costruzioni Apparecchiature Elettroniche Nucleari C.A.E.N. SpA (CAEN) 
SCIONIX Hollande BV (SCIONIX) 
Narodowe Centrum Badan Jadrowych (NCBJ) 
Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, l’Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile (ENEA) 
Miejskie Przedsiebiorstwo Wodociagow i Kanalizacji w M. St. Warszawie Spolka Akcyjna (MPWIK) 
Università di Pisa (UNIPI) 
Wardynski i Wspolnicy SPK (WIW) 

COUNTRY

Italy
Italy
The Netherlands
Poland
Italy
Poland
Italy
Poland

38

TWOBIAS / Two stage rapid biological surveillance and alarm  
system for airborne threats

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

e
d
e
f
-
l
i

©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

242297

Total Cost  

€ 4,935,083.65 

EU Contribution  

€ 3,577,834

Starting Date  

01/07/2010

Duration 

36 months

NORWEGIAN DEFENCE 

RESEARCH  

ESTABLISHMENT

Norway

Contact

The project aim is to develop a demonstrable, modular 

TWOBIAS includes both detection (BDU – biological detec-

and “close-to-market” demonstrator of a stationary, reli-

tion unit) and identification (BIU – biological identification 

able, vehicle-portable, low false alarm rate Two Stage 

unit) schemes :

Rapid Biological Surveillance and Alarm System for Air-

borne Threats (TWOBIAS) for use at indoor or outdoor 

» StageONE : First alarm based on best-in-use optimized 

public sites regarded as targets for bioterrorist attacks.

optical BDU (detect-to-warn);

The objectives are to :

» StageTWO : Second alarm based on highly automat-
ed microfluidic-based platform with a molecular BIU 

» Establish a command and control software system for 
TWOBIAS in order to reliably function at a real-life site;

(detect-to-treat).

» Test and evaluate biodetectors in large-scale chamber 
tests, and analyse background interference detection 

the progress of the state-of-art technology by develop-

ing a reliable biological surveillance system TWOBIAS in 

The project, containing six workpackages, will enhance 

Janet Martha Blatny

signals under real-life conditions;

order to reduce the total time response for first respond-

Tel.  : +47 63807827

Fax  : +47 63807509

» Enhance the performance of TWOBIAS using advanced 

data classification methods;

» assessing the requirements from users ; 

ers by focusing on :

» Provide a functional combined two stage alarm biologi-

cal detection and identification system.

» reducing false alarm rates by improving current BDUs 
using complementary orthogonal detector techniques 

obtaining classification of biological threat agents dur-

ing detection ;

» developing improved alarm algorithms for existing 

mature and almost mature BDUs ; 

» combining the improved BDU with a semi-automatic,  
microfluidic, on-site, molecular identification unit (BIU) for 

multiplex identification of biological threat agents in the air ;

» integrating the optimized BDU and BIU to obtain a 

demonstrator of TWOBIAS ; and

» using real-life conditions for characterising, improving 
BDU and performing testing and evaluation of TWOBIAS 

together with users.

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / CBRN Protection 
 
 
 
TWOBIAS

39

i

s
a
b
o
w
T
©

Results 

» An integrated BDU and BIU system with a two-stage 

alarm functionality - TWOBIAS;

» The best-in-use BDU components with accompanying 

alarm algorithms (StageONE alarm);

» A reliable BIU component – automatic - microfluidic - 

molecular (after StageONE alarm);

» No (extremely low) false alarm rates; 

» A simulation/model of the real-life test site and BDU/

TWOBIAS;

» A demonstration of TWOBIAS at a real-life test.

PARTNERS 

Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (FFI) 
Centre d’Etudes du Bouchet (DGA) 
Dycor Global Solutions Ltd (DGS) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
Q-linea AB (QL) 
Státní ústav jaderné, chemické a biologické ochrany, v. v. i. (SCB) 
Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Thales SA (TRT) 
Thales Security Solutions and Services S.A.S (TSS) 
Uppsala universitet (UoU) 

COUNTRY

Norway
France
Cyprus
The Netherlands
Sweden
Czech Republic
Sweden
France
France
Sweden

 
40
40

.

m
o
c
o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

-

e
e
j
r
e
n
a
B
m
a
d
n
i
r
A
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

AVERT / The Autonomous Vehicle Emergency Recovery Tool (AVERT) provides a capability rapidly to 

deploy, extract and remove both blocking and suspect vehicles from vulnerable positions and confined spaces.

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

285092

Total Cost   

€ 3,685,613.65

EU Contribution  

€ 2,810,822

Starting Date  

01/01/2012

End Date 

31/03/2015

Terrorism can lead to horrific loss of life, extensive dis-

under the road wheels of identified vehicles and to syn-

ruption to city transport and damage to commercial real 

chronise their lifting and path as a group in order to 

estate. Vehicles provide an ideal delivery mechanism 

remove the vehicle without disturbance. Vehicles can be 

because they can be meticulously prepared well in ad-

removed from confined spaces (e.g. where the height 

vance of deployment and then brought in to the Area 

level is constrained) with delicate handling, swiftly and in 

of Operations. Furthermore, a real and present danger 

any direction to a safer disposal point to reduce or elimi-

comes from the threat of Chemical, Radiological, Biologi-

nate collateral damage to infrastructure and personnel.

cal and Nuclear (CRBN) contamination.

The operational framework was targeted at a system 

IDUS Consultancy Ltd

Current methods of bomb disruption and neutralisation 

which was deployed alongside EOD robots and equip-

10 Lime Close

are hindered in the event that the device is shielded, 

ment. This system comprised a number of independent 

RG41 4AW, Wokingham, 

blocked or for whatever reason cannot be accessed for 

lifting bogies, one for each wheel of the blocking vehicle 

United Kingdom

examination.

Contact

to be moved. The bogies were deployed from a carrier 

platform (Deployment Unit) and each locked onto a road 

Richard James May

The  Autonomous  Vehicle  Emergency  Recovery  Tool 

wheel on the designated vehicle. Once in position, the 

Tel  : +44 118 979 1828

(AVERT) provided a unique capability to Police and Armed 

swarm of bogies acted in synchronisation to raise the 

Mobile  : +44 77 333 20856

Services to rapidly deploy, extract and remove blocking 

road wheels and move the vehicle along a safe path, 

E-mail  : Richard.may@ 

vehicles from vulnerable positions such as enclosed 

allowing the existing EOD robot access for neutralising 

idusconsultancy.co.uk

infrastructure spaces, tunnels, low bridges as well as 

operations.

Website : www.avertproject.eu/

under-building and underground car parks. This then 

allowed access for Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) 

The concept also included a Command Console which 

operation.

Description of the work 

is detached from the Deployment Unit and held at the 

command post. This console was designed to provide 

the commander with command and executive control 

of the operation by designating the desired access path 

and confirming the sequence of vehicles to be moved 

to achieve it.

The project covered the development and demonstra-

tion of a proof of concept for an Autonomous Vehicle 

AVERT was commanded remotely and operated autono-

Emergency Recovery Tool (AVERT). This was designed to 

mously under its own power and sensor awareness, as 

assist EOD teams by locking onto the vehicle(s) which is 

a critical tool alongside existing technologies, thereby 

(are) obstructing the deployment of EOD systems and 

enhancing bomb disposal response speed and safety.

rapidly and safely removing it (them) from the path to 

allow speedier access than can currently be achieved.

The AVERT project concept is to automate the placing 

of lifting bogies, capable of omnidirectional movement,  

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Explosives 
 
 
 
 
 
AVERT
AVERT

41
41

Results

to infrastructure and personnel. Remote operation, self-

powered and onboard sensors provides a new capability 

The  Autonomous  Vehicle  Emergency  Recovery  Tool 

that can operate alongside existing technologies, thereby 

(AVERT) started in 2012 as a research project to pro-

enhancing bomb disposal response, speed and safety. 

vide a unique capability to Police and Armed Services 

AVERT can operate autonomously but with a man-in-

and for Improvised Explosive Device Disposal teams in 

the-loop control.

dealing with suspect vehicles.

AVERT can provide an autonomous capability to deploy, 

has received positive feedback and strong interest from 

extract and remove blocking or suspect vehicles from 

end user nations and industrial partners. It is expected 

vulnerable positions such as enclosed infrastructure 

that AVERT could enter production in 2016.

AVERT was successfully demonstrated in March 2015. It 

spaces, tunnels or low bridges. 

Vehicles can be removed from confined spaces with 

the security of citizens in the face of terrorist attacks.

This project could have a high impact for safeguarding 

delicate handling, swiftly, and in any direction to a safer 

disposal point to reduce or eliminate collateral damage 

PARTNERS 

IDUS Consultancy Ltd (IDUS) 
BB-Ingenieure Ingenieurbüro (BBI) 
Zurcher Hochschule Fur Angewandte Wissenschaften (ZHAW) 
Democritus University of Thrace (DUTH) 
Marshall System Design Group Ltd (MSDG) 
Force Ware GmbH (FW) 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
Germany
Switzerland
Greece
United Kingdom
Germany

42

.

m
o
c
o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

-

h
c
i
e
R

t
r
e
b
o
R
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

BONAS / BOmb factory detection by Networks of Advanced Sensors

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

261685

Total Cost   

€ 4,971,631.81

EU Contribution  

€ 3,488,360.01

Starting Date  

01/04/2011

Duration 

42 months

The BONAS project presents the following objectives :

The aim of BONAS is to design, develop and test a novel 

wireless sensor network for increasing citizen protec-

» To design, develop and test a novel wireless sensor 
network for increasing citizen protection and homeland 

tion and homeland security against terrorist attacks, in 

particular against the threat posed by IED devices. The 

security against threats posed by IED devices. The 

sensor network will focus on the detection of traces of 

sensor network will focus on the detection of traces of 

precursors used in IED production (particulates, gases 

precursors used in IED production (particulates, gases, 

and/or waterborne) present in the environment surround-

waterborne) in the vicinity of a “bomb factory”. This 

ing the vicinity of a “bomb factory”. The different sen-

will contribute to the determination of the “factory’s 

sors are specifically designed to be deployed in sensitive 

AGENZIA NAZIONALE 

location”, allowing an early threat thwart.

locations and easily camouflaged. This network will help 

PER LE NUOVE TECNO-

LOGIE, L’ENERGIA E LO 

SVILUPPO ECONOMICO 

SOSTENIBILE

» To perform a feasibility study that will assess the 
usefulness and potential advantages that the BONAS 

thwart. A feasibility study will assess the usefulness and 

potential advantages that the BONAS concept will bring 

concept will bring about in the future. A cost analysis 

about in the future and the costs of mass production of 

pinpoint the “factory’s location”, allowing an early threat 

Diagnostics and Metrology 

will be performed in order to foresee the financial effort 

sensor networks integrating COTS components. 

Laboratory (UTAPRAD-DIM)

associated with the field deployment of such a sensor 

Via Enrico Fermi 45

network, its operation and maintenance.

BONAS  intends  also  to  investigate  and  prepare  the 

00044 Frascati, Rome

Italy

Contact

» To demonstrate the BONAS concept in a close to real-
life scenario, implementing all developed network sen-

potential  future  deployment  of  key  sensors  aboard 

a flying platform with a view towards increasing the  

BONAS network detection capabilities. The wireless sen-

Antonio Palucci

sors with the aim of evaluating their performance and 

sor network will feature a variety of sensing devices  

Tel  : +390694005299

larger scale deployment potentials.

(in-situ and remote), that will jointly provide broad chemi-

Mobile  : +393298313933

Fax  : +390694005334

E-mail  : antonio.palucci@

» To investigate and prepare the potential future deploy-
ment of key sensors aboard a flying platform with a 

cal spread and low false alarm rates through an expert 

system management of the data collected. In particular, 

BONAS will develop a Lidar/Dial system ; QEPAS sensor ; 

enea.it

view towards increasing the BONAS network detection 

SERS sensor ; QCM sensor; and electrochemical sensor. 

Website : www.bonas-fp7.eu

capabilities.

BONAS includes a multidisciplinary team of leading Euro-

pean research groups together with industrial organizations 

and end-users with previous experience and activity in the 

field of specific local and remote sensor development and 

with experience on security projects. The consortium repre-

sents the complete supply chain of the proposed product, 

which sets good perspectives for exploitation and com-

mercialization of the generated innovations. The consortium 

will be supported by an already established Advisory Board 

formed by experts from the various police corps.

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Explosives 
 
 
 
Results

The BONAS project envisages an innovative, large-scale 

sensor network in the future, able to detect IED prepara-

tion with a minimum rate of false alarms and relying on 

three different layers. The target substances will com-

prise explosive and precursor substances contained in 

IEDs. The concept is based on a series of increasingly 

specific tests taking place in increasingly smaller areas 

starting with general tests and then reducing the search 

area. Each one of the referred layers will correspond to 

a different phase of threat detection and to different 

levels of the wireless sensor network.

BONAS

43

s
a
n
o
B
©

PARTNERS 

AGENZIA NAZIONALE PER LE NUOVE TECNOLOGIE, L’ENERGIA  
E LO SVILUPPO ECONOMICO SOSTENIBILE (ENEA)  
CONSORZIO CREO-CENTRO RICERCHE ELETTRO OTTICHE (CREO)  
SERSTECH AB (SAB)  
TEKEVER - TECNOLOGIAS DE INFORMACAO, S.A. (TEK) 
LASER DIAGNOSTIC INSTRUMENTS AS (LDI) 
CSEM CENTRE SUISSE D’ELECTRONIQUE ET DE MICROTECHNIQUE SA -  
RECHERCHE ET DEVELOPPEMENT (CSEM)  
EADS DEUTSCHLAND GMBH (EADS) 
UNIVERSITE CLAUDE BERNARD LYON 1 (UCBL) 
OFFICE NATIONAL D’ETUDES ET DE RECHERCHES AEROSPATIALES (ONE) 
UNIVERSITE DE LAUSANNE (UNIL) 
NATIONAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION (NBI)  
KING’S COLLEGE LONDON (KCL) 
COMMISSARIAT A L’ENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES (CEA) 
QUEEN’S UNIVERSITY BELFAST (QUB) 

COUNTRY

Italy
Italy
Sweden
Portugal
Estonia

Switzerland
Germany
France
France
Switzerland
Finland
United Kingdom
France
United Kingdom

 
44

1
1
0
2

,

e
t
u
t
i
s
n
I

l

a
n
o
i
t
a
N

l
l

a
d
n
y
T

,

e
l
y
o
D
h
g
u
H
y
b

d
e
t
a
e
r
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

COMMONSENSE / Development of a Common Sensor 
Platform for the Detection of IED “Bomb Factories” 

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Materials Development and Characterisation
A variety of novel molecular, polymeric and nanostructured 

261809

Total Cost   

€ 4,768,992 

EU Contribution  

€ 3,404,935 

Starting Date  

01/01/2011

Duration 

36 months

The detection of chemical explosives is crucial for homeland 

sensor materials will be developed and characterised with 

security, environmental cleaning, and humanitarian efforts. 

respect to their optoelectrical and photophysical proper-

Chemical explosives encompass a variety of compounds, 

ties, especially their response to sub-ppb (gas phase) and 

with different vapour pressures, solubilities and chemical 

sub-ppm (liquid) levels of explosive compounds.

reactivities, making broad-class detection a serious chal-

lenge. While many sensing methods currently exist, none 

is ideal. Principal deficiencies include lack of portability, a 

Sensor Development
Development of the sensor modules will be carried out at 

susceptibility to false positive results due to environmental 

separate partner sites for initial testing and characterisa-

contaminants or false negative results to interfering com-

tion. A variety of different electrical, opto-electrical and 

UNIVERSITY COLLEGE 

pounds. The need exists for a single distributed network, 

opto-electrochemical devices for gas- and water-phase 

CORK, NATIONAL  

with a common interface and communications protocol, 

detection of IED analytes will be developed. A series of 

UNIVERSITY  

OF IRELAND

to manage and communicate with a variety of different 

radiation detection modules will also be developed.

sensor technologies, and use the combined sensor data 

Tyndall National Institute

to produce clear results with low false positive/negative 

Western Road

readings. The objective of the CommonSense project is to 

Software Development and Networking
Development of the common network platform for control 

Cork

Ireland

Contact

Hugh Doyle

create and demonstrate such a single distributed network, 

and communication of the sensor modules. Driver software 

with common interface and communications protocols, to 

for control and read-out from different sensor types will be 

manage and communicate with a variety of different sensor 

done at partner sites prior to integration with the network 

technologies, and to use the combined sensor data to pro-

and the chemometric “learning” algorithms.

Tel  : +353 (0)21 490 4177

duce clear results with low false positive/negative readings.

Fax  : +353 (0)21 490 4058

E-mail  : info@fp7project-

commonsense.eu 

Description of the work 

Integration, Testing and Industrial Validation
Integration of the sensor modules and quantitative testing 

and validation of the performance of the sensor modules. 

Website  : www.fp7project-

The work plan for the CommonSense project is divided 

The final testing and assessment will be carried out in a 

commonsense.eu

into five complementary technical work packages :

“real-world” environment. 

Design and Specification
At the start of the project, the partners will specify target 

These are supported by two non-technical work packages 

focusing on dissemination & exploitation of project results 

IED analytes, detection limits and test conditions relevant 

and project management. 

to end users. Specification of the common testing and 

benchmarking procedures, operating protocols, network 

architectures and communications protocols will also be 

carried out. 

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Explosives 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Results

The expected results from the project are :

» Development of modules for gas-phase detection of 

explosives with ppb sensitivity;

» Development of modules for water-phase detection 

of explosives with sub-ppm sensitivity;

» Development of a small form factor low-power gamma 
radiation sensor with <10 % energy resolution and an 

energy range of 60keV to 2MeV;

» Development of an intelligent learning network, us-
ing chemometric algorithms to teach itself to detect 

explosives and ignore interferents.

PARTNERS 

University College Cork, National University of Ireland (UCC) 
Israel Institute Of Technology (Technion)  
The University Of Manchester (UNIMAN)  
Alphasense Limited (ALPHA)  
Bundesanstalt Fuer Materialforschung und Pruefung (BAM)  
SensL Technologies Limited (SENSL)  
Thales Communications S.A. (TCF)  
Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI)  

COMMONSENSE

45

COUNTRY

Ireland
Israel
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Germany
Ireland
France
United Kingdom

46

D-BOX /Comprehensive toolbox for humanitarian clearing of large civil areas from  
anti-personal landmines and cluster munitions

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

and, finally, find the lowest cost and “easy to use” tools 

for specific tasks during demining activities that are 

Landmines and cluster munitions continue to kill or 

adapted to different scenarios and conditions. 

maim civilians every day in countries all around the 

world, even long after conflicts are over. Assuming no 

D-BOX Toolbox will help them choose the most suitable 

additional mines are laid from now on, at the current 

solutions, taking into account the environment (terrain, 

rate of clearance of some 500,000 mines per year it 

vegetation, age of mines, local population, culture, etc.) 

could still take hundreds of years to find and clear all 

and thus enabling an optimization of operations in the 

the landmines around the world.

field faster demining and a lower cost per square meter. 

284996

Total Cost   

€ 9,909,587.90

EU Contribution  

€ 6,898,085.95

Starting Date  

01/01/2013

Duration 

36 months

Astrium SAS (ASTRIUM)

landmines and cluster munitions inherited from armed 

D-BOX will tackle this burning issue of anti-personal 

Description of the work 

ASTRIUM SPACE TRANS-

conflicts. This will be achieved through the development of 

The development of D-BOX is mainly based on the assess-

PORTATION

innovative solutions that will be interfaced and integrated 

ment of past and ongoing activities and legacy tools. Comple-

51-61 route de Verneuil

in a comprehensive toolbox to provide demining stake-

tion of the project concept will lead to development of the 

PO Box 3002

78133 Les Mureaux

France

Contact

Bruno Esmiller

holders with the best tools, methods and procedures for:

actual D-BOX Toolbox. Before populating the latter with real 

» Mapping and localization (long distance) of hazard-

system will be developed to organize the Toolbox. This will 

functions (tools and procedures), an advanced information 

ous areas 

provide an easily understandable user interface for access 

to all functions in the Toolbox, where data collection will be 

Tel  : +33 1 39 06 29 66 

» Close-in detection (short distance) 

very important.

Mobile  : +33 6 15 18 39 97

Fax  : + 33 1 39 06 14 40

» Risk management 

E-mail  : bruno.esmiller@

astrium.eads.net  

Website : 

www.d-boxproject.eu 

In parallel, innovative tools, methods and procedures will 

be developed or improved in the following domains: human, 

» Human, ethical and legal factors (including procedures 

ethical and legal factors, mapping and localization of hazard 

and best practices)

zone, close-in detection, neutralization in a civil environment, 

protective equipment for personnel and population, training 

» Neutralization of anti-personal landmines and cluster 

solutions and mine risks population education.

munitions in an open and civil environment,

» Protective equipment for operators and population

tool, by function and as groups of functions. Finally, an 

The Toolbox’s components will be carefully tested tool by 

» Training solutions for personnel 

assembled complete version of the integrated Toolbox will 

be subject to full scale field validation via different relevant 

demining scenarios. 

This “smart” toolbox could be used during all demining 

activities (from the mission’s preparation to the elimina-

End users and stakeholders will provide their experience 

tion of mines, including communication to general public 

and requirements during the whole process from concept 

and donors). It could also help operators and end users 

design, Toolbox development, development of information 

get the most suitable answers to technical problems 

and training kit to the Toolbox’s testing and validation. 

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / ExplosivesCoordinatorInformationD-BOX

47

When needed, the industrial stakeholder platform will be 

The D-BOX Toolbox will meet the most recent needs of 

called upon to carry out integration, modifications and de-

demining stakeholders: mapping of hazard zone and 

velopment of technology. 

close-in detection with low cost and easy to use tools. 

Results

The D-BOX Toolbox will tackle the main challenges for 

the development of new de-mining technologies:

The D-BOX Toolbox will significantly increase the humanitar-

ian demining capability. It will be modular and upgradable, 

and its deployment will be adapted to each situation and user. 

» the tremendous diversity of environmental conditions 
in which landmines are employed and the variety of 

these mines and cluster munitions 

It will provide various toolboxes with different complexity 

and completion to be used in different places by a variety 

» different training levels, cultural backgrounds, and 

of users. Furthermore, the D-BOX solution will improve 

educational levels of deminers

significantly demining productivity and safety by increas-

ing the current rate of clearance and cost-effectiveness. 

It will also allow for more effective application of solu-

» detection of mines made with plastic and low metal 
content, while at the same time discriminating them 

tions that encompass simple and advanced technologies. 

from non-explosive debris. 

PARTNERS 

Astrium SAS (ASTRIUM) 
Astri Polska Spolka z ograniczona odopowiedzialnoscia (APL) 
Bactec International Limited (BACTEC)  
CBRNE Limited (CBRNE) 
Comite Europeen de Normalisation (CEN) 
Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Telecomunicazioni (CNIT) 
Technische Universiteit Defft (TUD) 
Totalforsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung E.V (FRAUNHOFER) 
Infoterra Limited (INFOTERRA) 
Instytut Technologii Bezpieczeństwa MORATEX (MORATEX) 
Consorzio Universita Industria – Laboratoria di Radiocomunicazioni RADIOLABS (RADIOLABS) 
Selex ES S.P.A. (SELEX) 
TerraSpatium SA (TERRASPATIUM) 
Telespazio SPA (TELESPAZIO) 
Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO) 
Univeristy of Surrey (SUR)  
Teknologian Tutkimuskeskus VTT (VTT) 
University of Leicester (ULEIC) 
e-GEOS S.p.A. (E-GEOS) 

COUNTRY

France
Poland
United Kingdom
United Kingom
Belgium
Italy
The Netherlands
Sweden
Germany
United Kingdom
Poland
Italy
Italy
Greece
Italy
The Netherlands
United Kingdom
Finland
United Kingdom
Italy

48

EMPHASIS / Explosives Material Production (Hidden) Agile Search 
and Intelligence System

s
i
s
a
h
p
m
E
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

261381

Total Cost  

€ 4,593,272.90

EU Contribution  

€ 3,406,050.72

Starting Date  

01/10/2011

End Date 

31/01/2015

EMPHASIS project tested a surveillance system con-

A feasibility and cost effectiveness study was done to 

cept for detecting and localising the illicit production 

assess the system’s potential for commercialisation. 

of explosives and improvised explosive devices (IEDs) 

in urban areas. Its system is composed of networked 

A successful system based on EMPHASIS’s technology 

sensors. Area detectors to monitor explosives or their 

could lead to a very significant reduction in surveil-

precursors in the vapour phase were used, as were 

lance man-power in suspect areas. And it would support 

multiple static sensors positioned in sewers to monitor 

the timing of police intervention, leading to a higher 

the latter for indicative traces. 

conviction rate. 

TOTALFÖRSVARETS 

All the data about a detected threat substance – its type, 

FORSKNINGSINSTITUT

location, time and amount – was fused and evaluated 

Department: Defence & 

at a command centre where appropriate action could be 

Results

Security, Systems and 

taken. The project’s strategy was to divide a large area 

Technology  Unit: Weapon 

into smaller segments with more sensors to localise a 

A key advantage of EMPHASIS’s system is its comple-

Effects and Security of 

bomb factory, with the latter’s exact pinpointing carried 

mentarity with technologies developed by LOTUS, another 

Explosives

Gullfossgatan 6

SE-164 90, Stockholm, 

Sweden

Contact

Swedish Defence 

Research Agency

out by stand-off detectors in mobile equipped units.

FP7 project. The latter’s data and developments were 

Description of the work 

implemented as much as possible, e.g. exploitation of 

knowledge about central command, threat substance 

lists, dispersion and modelling of threat substances in 

the air and in LOTUS’s home explosive laboratory. 

EMPHASIS offered a novel way to perform surveillance 

EMPHASIS’ detection effort focused on three types of 

Tel  : +46 8 5550 3000

across a very large area to detect explosives and their 

cases: i) detection of explosives/precursors in vapour 

Fax  : +46 8 5550 3949

precursors and IEDs. A key aspect of its concept was 

phase at low concentrations; ii) detection of explosives/

E-mail  : registrator@foi.se

to enable efficient intelligence-led assessment of a 

precursors at low concentrations in sewage; and iii) detec-

Website  :  

targeted urban area to establish where and when illicit 

tion of particles (low concentrations) on door-handles or 

www.emphasis-fp7.eu

bomb-making activity was taking place. 

other covered surfaces. The fusion of such sensor data 

leads to potential alerts.

The project’s area-monitoring sensors cover hundreds 

of meters and thus a large area of coverage. Moreover, 

On 7 July 2005, four bombs exploded within a short time 

its stand-off sensors can detect explosives traces that 

on three of London’s metro trains and one of its double-

have been transferred to surfaces by the perpetrators 

decker buses. The homemade bombs were packed into 

who handled the explosives. Combining this with ion 

rucksacks whose discovery by traditional intelligence and 

selective electrodes capable of detecting precursors/

police work was difficult. An EMPHASIS system would 

explosives in the sewage makes for an extensive sys-

help discover illicit activities at an early stage, making 

tem of detection. 

neutralization easier and with far fewer consequences. 

This would be one of the positive impacts of the project. 

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Explosives 
 
EMPHASIS

A novel system for pin-pointing 
IED manufacturing facilities

1.Illicit production of home 
made explosives and bombs
The explosives/precursors are vented out 
into the surrounding air and discharged 
into the sewage.

Search area C

2. Area monitoring subsystem
Static sensors with the capacity to monitor 
long distances (e.g. 100-400 metres) will be
used for continuous online air monitoring 
of explosives present in the vapour phase. 
The weather conditions and architecture 
of the city influences the distribution of 
the explosives in the atmosphere. 

Search area B

Search area A

3. Sewer water monitoring 
subsystem
The chemical syntheses of explosives 
used in illicit bomb factories necessitate 
the disposal of surplus reagents into the 
sewage. This will lead to concentration 
gradients of the explosives in the sewage.  
Electrochemical sensors can be used for 
detection of explosives in the sewage. 

Electro chemical sensors

F1

F2

START

F5

9

6

F3

7

F4

8

4

1

5

2

*

SHIFT

0

SPACE

3

+

ENTER

EMPHASIS

49

s
i
s
a
h
p
m
E
©

4. Communication systems and search strategy
The network of static sensors requires an extensive system for data communication. 
The intention is first to cover a large area that will be reduced step by step to smaller 
areas as a consequence of a positive alert. The number and position of the sensors 
will be increased in the narrowed area.

5. Command centre
The analysis data from the sensors are fused and sent to 
the command centre where further automatic data 
processing occurs.

6. A positive alert
Alerts are handled by security personnel. Stand-off detec-
tion using mobile units, in covert format, will be used for 
pin-pointing the bomb factory. The quality of the collect-
ed data will yield sufficient assurance to lead to further
actions by police and is intended to be acceptable as evi-
dence in subsequent forensic analyses (performed 
outside the EMPHASIS concept). 

7. LOTUS – Localisation of Threat Substances 
in Urban Society
The systems of the FP7 project LOTUS and EMPHASIS will complement 
each other in the detection of IED manufacturing facilities. The LOTUS 
project is based on using mobile units, e.g. police cars, equipped with 
sensors and a similar communication system. The harmonisation of the 
LOTUS and EMPHASIS systems is a possible future outcome.

PARTNERS 

Totalförsvarets forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer-ICT-IAF) 
PORTENDO AB (Portendo) 
Cascade Technologies Limited (Cascade) 
Morpho (MPH) 
Institut National de Police Scientifique (INPS) 
VIGO SYSTEM S.A. (VIGO) 

COUNTRY

Sweden
The Netherlands
Germany
Sweden
United Kingdom
France
France
Poland

 
50

o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

ENCOUNTER / Explosive Neutralisation and Mitigation 
Countermeasures for IEDs in Urban/Civil Environment

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Review of practices and state of the art. 

285505

Total Cost  

€ 4,412,123

EU Contribution  

€ 3,313,630

Starting Date  

01/05/2012

End Date 

31/08/2015

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SWEDISH DEFENCE 

RESEARCH AGENCY 

(FOI)

Department of Physical 

Protection and Weapons 

Effects

The ENCOUNTER project will consider threats from Impro-

This part deals with the operational and technical as-

vised Explosive Devices (IED) in the urban environment. 

pects associated with the neutralisation of IEDs and the 

The project objectives are to:

actions and means that mitigate the damage they will 

» Increase urban security through improved procedures 

for dealing with an IED.

» Prevent IED explosion after discovery through new 
technologies for their neutralisation. This would mean 

cause if detonated:

» Review of the practices, policies and procedures of 
the police and security units responsible for Explosive 

Ordnance Disposal (EOD).

most people need never be aware an IED was pre-

sent, reducing the impact of the IED in achieving the 

» State of the art review of the existing technologies 
for neutralisation of IEDs and the means and tools 

terrorists’ aims. 

for the mitigation of damage.

» Drastically reduce damage if the IED is triggered, 
through development of explosion-mitigating and 

» Identification of scenarios and design basis threats 
for the work packages focusing on R&D and on the 

Grindsjön Research Centre

fragment-prevention technologies. This will enable 

examination and evaluation of technologies.

SE-14725 Tumba, Sweden

the urban environment to ‘bounce-back’ to normal 

Contact

life as quickly as possible. 

Development of technological capacities in two areas:

Pernilla Magnusson

Tel  :  +46-8 5550 3939

Mobile  : +46 709277209

» Consider the ethical, societal and financial aspects of 
new ways to dealing with IEDs to ensure the response 

» Development and assessment of IED neutralisation 
technologies and assessment of EOD response bod-

Fax  : +46 855504180

is in proportion to the threats, and that the response 

ies’ practices.

E-mail  : 

does not create any additional problems. 

pernilla.magnusson@foi.se

encounter@foi.se 

In summary, the ENCOUNTER project will identify, ex-

» Development and assessment of damage mitigation 
means and decision support tools for EOD response 

Website  :  

plore and validate existing and innovative techniques 

bodies.

http://www.encounter-fp7.eu

for mitigation and neutralisation of already discovered 

IEDs in the urban/civil environment. The results will be 

Ethical and societal aspects.

summarised in a recommendation matrix and used to 

develop a software tool to assist clearing forces.

Consider the ethical, societal and financial aspects of 

Description of the work 

The concept of the ENCOUNTER project is based on:

new ways to deal with IEDs to ensure the response is 

in proportion to the threat, and that the response does 

not create any additional problems. This will:

» Give stakeholders guidelines for evaluating and im-
proving acceptance of IED neutralisation techniques

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Explosives 
ENCOUNTER

51

» Reduce worries of citizens regarding the application 

damage mitigation experiments in the laboratory and 

of IED neutralisation

field conditions, with the use of live IEDs.

» Understand how techniques are perceived and which 
techniques have a positive impact on the population’s 

Results

perception of security

The project outcome will describe the practices, tools and 

procedures for neutralising (N) or mitigating (M) the effects 

» Cost-benefit assessment of the technologies used 

of IEDs and how to respond appropriately and effectively to 

for IED mitigation and neutralisation 

the threat they present in the urban environment. The N/M 

Experiments, tests and evaluation.

their effectiveness in dealing with the various scenarios 

technologies will be assessed in relation to the threat and 

Review, tests and evaluation of the range of means, 

tools and practices that will be developed within the 

The capability to review and evaluate the various tech-

framework of the project’s R&D work packages. This 

nologies in relation to the concept of operation (CONOP) 

includes tests of neutralisation technologies and IED 

of the EOD bodies and the police units operating in the 

that EOD bodies and police units address. 

urban environment will be developed.

PARTNERS 

Totalförsvarets forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Angewandten Forschung E.V (EMI) 
The University of Sheffield (USFD) 
Ingeneria de Sistemas Para La Defensa de Espana SA (ISD) 
Tamar Israeli Advanced Quarrying Co Ltd (TMR) 
Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg (ALU-FR) 
Blastech Ltd (BLT) 

COUNTRY

Sweden
Germany
United Kingdom
Spain
Israel
Germany
United Kingdom 

52

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

EXPEDIA / Explosives PrEcursor Defeat by Inhibitor Additives

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

can do with precursors via the materials that are still 

available to the general public. 

604987

Total Cost  

€4,428,539.50

EU Contribution  

€ 3,480,602.00

Starting Date  

01/09/2014

Duration 

36 months

Home-grown terrorism is increasing in Europe and else-

where in the world. The bombings in Paris 2015, Boston 

EXPEDIA will add chemical inhibitors to frequently used 

2013, Oslo 2011, Stockholm 2010 and London 2004 

explosive precursors used in initiator systems and main 

are just a few examples where home-made explosives 

charges. These inhibitors will prevent or make it much 

(HME) were used in terror attacks.  

more difficult to use the explosive precursor in the syn-

There are a vast number of different chemicals that 

could be turned into dangerous HME, given the right 

The threat from bomb attacks within Europe needs to 

chemical knowledge and equipment. EXPEDIA will aim 

be counter-measured on a European level. EXPEDIA 

thesis and formulation of HMEs.

TOTALFÖRSVARETS 

find chemical solutions to prevent the misuse of certain 

will deliver a European guide for first responders with 

FORSKNINGSINSTITUT 

explosive precursors and to increase knowledge about 

information about the hazards and safe handling of 

(FOI)

garage chemistry. It will collect information to gain 

such materials. 

Totalförsvarets forskning-

a better understanding of how terrorists create HME, 

sinstitut (FOI)

the chemicals they use and where they find them on 

Finally, its work will feed scientifically approved facts 

Defence and Security, Sys-

the open market. The project will study how easily 

about HME to the Commission’s Standing Committee 

tems and Technology

HME can be created, the basic equipment needed and 

on Explosive Precursors.

Gullfossgatan 6

the chemical knowledge required of the terrorist. The 

SE-164 90 Stockholm, 

knowledge gleaned about HME will serve as input to 

Results

Sweden

Contact

Totalförsvarets  

forskningsinstitut

Tel  : +46 8 5550 3000

define a European guide for first responders -- one of 

the outcomes that EXPEDIA will produce.

The threat from homemade explosives (HMEs) is con-

Description of the work 

stantly present and several large scale terrorist bomb 

attacks have been executed in Europe during the recent 

years. EXPEDIA devoted its research to map which recipes 

Fax  : +46 (0)8 5550 3949

In principle there are four ways to eliminate or reduce 

are used to produce certain HMEs and how effective they 

E-mail  : registrator@foi.se

the threat from HME:

Website  :  

are, and identified key chemicals and types of equipment 

required for the manufacture of the explosives. One of 

www.expedia-fp7.eu

1. Obstruct the supply chain of explosive precursors 

the aims of this work was to give input to legislators to 

strengthen precursor regulations. 

2. Prevent the illegal production of initiator systems 

3. Use chemicals to inhibit the main charges

recommendations on the regulation of four key precursors, 

An important output of EXPEDIA has been its report with 

which was submitted to the Commission and its Standing 

4. Carry out early detection of bomb factories

Committee on Precursors (SCP). 

Improvised manufacturing of explosives is easily carried 

A threat list of prioritised precursors and explosives was 

out, but it is more difficult to ensure that the explosives 

created from EXPEDIA’s chemistry research together with 

work as intended. EXPEDIA will evaluate what terrorists 

input from the previous FP7-projects LOTUS, EMPHASIS 

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Explosives 
EXPEDIA

53

and PREVAIL. The explosives and precursors were ranked 

Europe, there will always be ways to circumvent regula-

based on four parameters: preparation simplicity, avail-

tions and to bypass inhibition. To stop terrorist attacks, 

ability of the precursors, preparation hazards and ease 

intelligence services and police authorities constitute two 

of detection/covertness. The threat list collects the most 

of the most important keystones in the counter-terrorist 

important aspects of the materials and could provide valu-

work. However, in some cases uniformed police and rescue 

able input to future research to prevent terrorist attacks. 

services with limited knowledge of bomb-making and 

precursors come across clandestine laboratories in their 

In cases where regulation and legislation are not suf-

ordinary day-to-day work. 

ficiently effective to limit access to precursors, inhibition 

can be a complementary solution. Inhibition prevents the 

To help them to identify the location of a bomb-factory 

misuse of chemicals as explosive precursors and relies on 

and to alert intelligence services and bomb squads, EX-

the activity of additives to neutralize explosive properties 

PEDIA produced a European guide for first responders. 

or to hinder (inhibit) the manufacture of the explosive 

The guide was developed both as a pamphlet and as an 

without obstructing the chemicals’ legal use. EXPEDIA 

application for mobile phones. It includes instructions on 

builds on the successful results of PREVAIL, a previous 

how to identify a bomb-factory and how to act. In the 

FP7-project in which two precursors were addressed for 

mobile application, a report function was implemented 

inhibition. EXPEDIA extends PREVAIL’s results by addressing 

that connects first responders with the right experts for 

three other precursors. In all three cases, EXPEDIA showed 

further guidance. The guide will help boost the safety of 

that it is possible to prevent or to complicate the misuse 
of these materials.

first responders while increasing the possibilities of detect-
ing bomb-factories at an early stage and thus prevent 

Although regulations and chemical solutions such as in-

hibition are effective measures to increase the security in 

terrorist attacks.

PARTNERS 

Totalförsvarets forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA) 
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (ICT) 
Yara International ASA (Yara) 
Esbit Compagnie GmbH (ESBIT) 
KCEM AB (KCEM) 
National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) 
Wojskowy Instytut Higieny i Epidemiologii (WIHiE) 
Brodarski Institute (BI) 
Bundeskriminalamt (BKA) 

COUNTRY

Sweden
The Netherlands
France
Germany
Norway
Germany
Sweden
Finland
Poland
Croatia
Germany

54

FORLAB / FORensic LABoratory for in-situ evidence analysis in a post 
blast scenario

B
A
L
R
O
F
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

285052

Total Cost   

€ 4,473,920

EU Contribution  

€ 3,087,446

Starting Date  

01/03/2012

End Date 

28/02/2015

INDRA SISTEMAS S.A

Innovation Directorate

Avenida de Bruselas 35

28108 – Alcobendas  

Madrid - Spain

Contact

Francisco Javier  

Hernández Crespo

Tel  : +34 914 808 392

The FORLAB project relates to the problem of evidence 

» Information management tools for real time exploita-

collection in the post-blast scene after an IED attack. 

tion of the results of the investigation.

FORLAB will provide the End Users, the scientific police, 

with a new tool that will improve their efficiency in the 

The works were structured in four stages :

investigation of the crime scene by :

» Providing fast analytical technologies to improve the evi-
dence collection in order to reduce the number of samples 

with a strong involvement of End Users of the consor-

tium. The procedures already in use by Security Forces 

to be collected and sent to the reference laboratory for 

around Europe have been reviewed and the concept of 

detailed analysis; 

the FORLAB has been defined.

The first stage was dedicated to the System Definition 

» Providing a real time 3D recreation of the scene for identi-
fication of areas of the scene of higher interest and help-

ing in the re-creation of the scene for later investigations;
» Establishing bidirectional feedback between the Com-
mand and Control Centre (where all the information about 

the investigation is available) and the field technicians. 

This will make the investigation more efficient. 

Mobile : +34 620 977 171

FORLAB was compatible with the in-use forensic proce-

Fax  : +34 914 806 031

dures and preserved the chain of custody.

E-mail  : fjhernandez@indra.es

Website : www.fp7-forlab.eu

Description of the work 

The second stage was the development of the technolo-

gies needed based on the operational requirements of 

the End Users.

» LIF, LIBS, Raman and NLJD were developed to improve 
the capability for searching and screening samples;
» A communication and positioning system was devel-
oped to meet the requirements of the investigators;
» A system for real time re-creation of the post-blast 

scene was developed;

» Information management tools were developed to support 
operations in the Command and Control Centre where all 

The project activities of FORLAB have been broken down 

the information on the scene were available, in real time.

into 11 work packages and distributed in 36 months. 

FORLAB developed a new concept for the investigation 

in a two-step approach : Field testing of the individual 

of the post-blast scene of an IED based attack, com-

technologies was performed to obtain feedback on the 

plementing the existing forensic procedures in use by 

achieved performance.

The third phase was the integration of a subsystem 

security forces in Europe.

The research in FORLAB was focused on four main areas :

blast scenarios to verify the achieved performance. The 

Finally the complete system has been validated in post-

» Quick elaboration of a 3D model of the scene;
» Development of technologies for in-situ searching and 

scenarios were carefully selected with strong involve-

ment of End Users of the project.

screening of evidence;

Partial results of the project were disseminated at public 

» Accurate positioning of the evidence and dedicated 

and restricted levels. Workshops with the stakeholders 

communication network;

were organized.

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Explosives 
 
FORLAB

55

Results

The project partners organised a simulated scenario (in-

cluding a real explosion) and conducted laboratory tests 

The main project innovation focused on establishing a dy-

to validate the technologies with the aim of perfecting 

namic, real-time feedback loop between the forensic team 

the system. 

involved in the evidence-collection process at post-blast 

scenes and the distant laboratory, where all information 

The project is set to improve procedures used by European 

from the scene is available in real time.

security forces to investigate crime scenes, particularly 

after blasts, by reducing the overall time needed to com-

To achieve its aims, FORLAB developed a system of highly 

plete the investigation. The new integrated technology 

advanced analytical forensic technologies (LIBS-RAMAN, 

will reduce the number of laboratory samples required 

LIF, NLJD) for sample screening and 3D scenario recrea-

and support investigators in identifying the perpetrators.

tion in just a few minutes. The end users taking part in 

the project are highly involved in optimising the system, 

The technology developed by the consortium will play a 

providing a valuable tool that enables command and 

vital role in protecting society by identifying the materi-

control centres to take real time decisions.

als used in terrorist acts, thereby helping to apprehend 

the perpetrators.

PARTNERS 

COUNTRY

INDRA SISTEMAS S.A. (INDRA) 
AGENZIA NAZIONALE PER LE NUOVE ECNOLOGIE, L’ENERGIA E LO SVILUPPO ECONOMICO SOSTENIBILE (ENEA) 
ASTRIUM S.A.S. (ASTRIUM) 
PANEPISTIMIO THESSALIAS (UNIVERSITY OF THESSALY) (UTH) 
SPACE APPLICATIONS SERVICES NV (SAS) 
ASTRI POLSKA SPOLKA Z OGRANICZONA ODPOWIEDZIALNOSCIA (APL) 
NATIONAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION (NBI) 
MINISTERIO DELLA DIFESA (RACIS) 
PRZEMYSLOWY INSTYTUT AUTOMATYKI I POMIAROW (PIAP) 
SOCIETE NUCLETUDES SA (NUCLETUDES) 
MINISTERIO DEL INTERIOR (CNP) 
MINISTERE DE L’INTERIEUR (LCPP) 

Spain
Italy
France
Greece
Belgium
Poland
Finland
Italy
Poland
France
Spain
France

56

B
A
L
R
O
F
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

HOMER / Homemade explosives (HMEs) and recipes characterisation - 
Capability 

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

project will establish basic knowledge hitherto unknown 

about HMEs and develop a knowledge management plat-

312883

Total Cost   

€4,474,991.50

EU Contribution  

€ 3,436,875.00

Starting Date  

01/11/2013

Duration 

36 months

POLICE SERVICE OF 

NORTHERN IRELAND

Una Williamson

Head of EU Programme 

Office

65 Knock Road 

Belfast

BT5 6LE 

Contact

Una Williamson

Tel  : +44 (0)28 90 90 1155

Mobile : +447734909685

E-mail  : una.williamson@ 

psni.pnn.police.uk

Website : 

www.homer-project.eu

The goal of the HOMER project is to implement a study 

form for use by European police and security services 

to mitigate the threat of home made explosives (HMEs) 

to protect the safety of the EU citizen. 

from criminal and terrorist elements. 

The objectives of the HOMER project are to:

The Project has four main pillars: 

1.  Expand the knowledge of European bodies: map and 
analyse the sources of information that instruct how 

Data Collection and Analysis. This work area focuses on 

the collection and analysis of HME information using a 

HME literature study and internet empirical study to mine 

to prepare HMEs, the required raw materials and pre-

and collect publicly available information on HME recipes 

cursors, their technical characteristics and the pos-

to establish answers for the most fundamental questions 

sibilities of their detection using existing technologies. 

on HMEs. Data collection will also gather information 

2.  Mitigate the threat presented by HMEs: expand and 
enhance knowledge on HMEs to serve security and 

from industry best practices, expert knowledge within the 

HOMER consortium and experts across Europe. 

law enforcement agencies in their quest to prevent 

Knowledge Management focuses on the sustainability 

the use of HMEs to perpetrate attacks. 

of HME knowledge content relating to manufacturing 

3.  Work to prevent the use of HMEs: detect and classify 

raw materials and their impact, detection and classifica-

HMEs in instances when they are used. 

tion. This information will be folded into a knowledge 

methods, technical characteristics of HMEs, the required 

4.  Deliver sustainable HME content for use: a knowl-
edge management platform – securely accessible 

management platform to serve law enforcements agen-

cies, European defence and manufacturers. 

by security and law enforcement agencies – flowing 

Case study experiments and validation will demonstrate 

from our study.

the use of the project‘s research for detecting and clas-

sifying the HME data. This pillar will involve the project’s 

5.  Draft a standard on HME vocabulary and definitions 

main end users for developing case studies to test the 

suitable for Europe.

platform and the information in laboratory conditions 

6. Promote the work of the project.

and in the field.

Description of the work 

Standardisation, dissemination and exploitation will 

deliver a standardised HME vocabulary and definitions 

across precursor manufacturers, security providers and 

law enforcement agencies. This work will provide a rec-

ognised standard of vocabulary to assist agencies in 

The HOMER project will implement a comprehensive, 

working collaboratively to defeat the HME threat. 

European study on HMEs including their identification 

and detection and the prevention of HME threats. The 

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Explosives 
HOMER

57

Results

» Tested and verified HME content

HOMER delivers five main Scientific and Technical results

An HME production and analysis specifications handbook 

» The  development  of  an  HME  Data  structure  and 

syntheses and methods of characterisation of home-

was produced.  It focused on procedural information of 

mapped content

made explosives.  The testing demonstrated the differ-

ences which occur between synthesis under laboratory 

HOMER developed a clear data structure for Home Made 

conditions and under a home conditions.

Explosives and related content, focused on the collection 

of information pertaining to the composition, manufac-

» Prototype platform, end user led design

ture and use of HMEs.  

» Development of specific prototype web crawling and 

ment Platform’. A blend of extensible, robust and secure 

The Project delivered a prototype ‘Knowledge Manage-

discovery tools

components was selected, with an emphasis on open 

source software. In addition, a solution for enabling ac-

One of the main challenges of HOMER was to discover, 

cess to the platform by the mobile devices of the users 

mine, and analyse Web nodes containing recipes for 

was implemented.

HMEs, with particular emphasis on HMEs that can be 

synthesised based on readily available materials. HOMER 
developed an effective and efficient prototype framework 

» Prototype testing

for the discovery, mining, and analysis of such HME 

In order to fully test the prototype platform and tools, 

Web nodes based (to the extent possible) on language-

HOMER developed a robust testing strategy.  Experts from 

independent technologies and demonstrate them into 

a range of different domains were included in the test 

two languages that are of particular significance to inter-

process including: chemistry, CBRN, Counter Improvised 

ested stakeholders due to their prominence in the global 

Explosive Devices, explosives, communication, IT, infor-

landscape: English and Arabic. Overall, the development 

mation security.  The approach used for testing of the 

and evaluation of the multimedia content-based analysis 

platform comprised of two iterative test cycles in each 

and retrieval techniques for the HME domain illustrate 

test case. The first cycle included the tests (test phases) 

the credibility of the proposed architecture.

performed in controlled and simulated environment. The 

second cycle has encompassed the tests performed in 

simulated real-world operational environments.  After 

the first cycle the HOMER KMP was enhanced on the 

basis the results and end users feedback.  The project 

objectives set for the three test cases were met. 

PARTNERS 

POLICE SERVICE OF NORTHERN IRELAND 
TAMAR ISRAELI ADVANCED QUARRYING CO LTD. 
THE PROVOST, FELLOWS, FOUNDATION SCHOLARS & THE OTHER MEMBERS OF BOARD  
OF THE COLLEGE OF THE HOLY & UNDIVIDED TRINITY OF QUEEN ELIZABETH NEAR DUBLIN 
BUNDESANSTALT FUER MATERIALFORSCHUNG UND-PRUEFUNG 
BLUGARIA DEFENSE INSTITUTE 
THE QUEEN’S UNIVERSITY OF BELFAST 
CENTRE FOR RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY HELLAS 
KENTRO EREVNON NOTIOANATOLIKIS EVROPIS ASTIKI MI KERDOSKOPIKI ETAIREIA 
YARA SA 
MINISTERIO DEL INTERIOR 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
Israel
Ireland

Germany
Bulgaria
United Kingdom
Greece
Greece
Belgium
Spain

58

HYPERION / Hyperspectral Imaging IED and Explosives 
Reconnaissance System

n
o
i
r
e
p
y
H
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°   

Project objectives

Description of the work 

284585

Total Cost   

€4,825,598.75

EU Contribution  

€ 3,458,969

Starting Date  

01/08/2012

Duration 

31/10/2015

The objective of the HYPERION project was to develop 

A rapid response from forensic investigations to the 

and test a system concept for on-site forensic analysis 

police is imperative to increase the chance of finding an 

after an explosion. This included tools and procedures 

attack’s perpetrators or to help the police be proactive 

for safer use for the stand-off detection and identifica-

against attacks such as that of the London Underground 

tion of unexploded IEDs. The on-site data generated by 

(2005) or Madrid train bombings (2004). For police, the 

the HYPERION system comprise the type and amount 

first 24 hours is critically importance for a successful 

of explosive used in the attack, the point of origin of 

crime investigation. This means that a forensic inves-

the detonation and an assessment of the type of IED. 

tigation and analysis of a post-blast scene has to be 

A crime scene is mapped using 3D-registration where 

carried out quickly. In addition, it is important that a crime 

TOTALFÖRSVARETS 

the positions analyzed in detail on-site are marked on 

scene’s analyis data is of high quality so it can be used 

FORSKNINGSINSTITUT  

the 3D map. The quality-assured data is electronically 

as evidence in a trial. Among the kind of information 

Department: Defence & 

documented on-site and sent in a timely manner to police 

police need to know for investigative purposes is the 

Security, Systems and 

at the post-blast scene. One the post-event scene has 

type and amount of explosive used in an attack. The 

Technology  Unit: Weapon 

been secured, laboratory forensic sampling and analysis 

type of explosive reveals the kind of threat authorities 

Effects and Security of 

can begin. In HYPERION, new and validated sampling 

face and may supply hints about where the explosives 

Explosives

Gullfossgatan 6

protocols were developed. The data from the project’s 

were obtained. Explosives of the home-made type re-

system supplemented the work of bomb disposal special-

quire the use of a “bomb factory” for their production. 

SE-164 90 Stockholm, 

ists by creater safer conditions around a crime scene.

The right kind of forensic analysis can provide police 

Sweden

Contact

Swedish Defence 

Research Agency

Tel  : +46 8 5550 3000

Fax  : +46 8 5550 3949

E-mail  : registrator@foi.se

Website  :  

www.hyperion-fp7.eu

with intelligence to localize a bomb factory, which in 

turn could lead them to the perpetrators of the attack. 

Also, the point of origin of the detonation is needed to 

assess the size of the bomb’s charge and the type of 

IED. It is important for the crime investigation to assess 

if an IED is “VBIED” (Vehicle Borne IED), “PBIED” (Person 

Borne IED) or “LBIED” (Left Behind IED). 

A crime scene area also needs to be well documented 

using ordinary high-resolution 2D photographs and 3D 

registration. 3D registration contributes to the calcula-

tion of a charge size and point of origin for detonation. 

Moreover, 3D crime scene registration can be used to 

register typical damage patterns in the direct vicinity 

of a crime scene such as damage to buildings. On-site 

electronic documentation of forensic data is also carried 

out to preserve the chain of custody.

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Explosives 
 
HYPERION

59

n
o
i
r
e
p
y
H
©

Results

A  system  based  on  HYPERION’s  concept  lead  to  a 

reduction  in  time  for  delivering  forensic  evidence 

requested by police. The faster crime scene investigation 

is provided, the greater the chances finding the terrorists, 

thus preventing future attacks. As improved techniques 

with  more  sensitive,  compact  and  cost-effective 

properties emerge and become commercially available, 

the HYPERION concept can be a future viable tool for 

police forces.

PARTNERS 

Totalförsvarets forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (FhG-IAF) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO)  
ASELSAN Elektronik Sanayl ve Ticaret A.S. (ASELSAN) 
SELEX SISTEMI INTEGRATI SPA (SSI) 
MORPHO (MPH) 
VIGO SYSTEM S.A. (VIGO) 
PORTENDO AB (Portendo) 
ICISLERI BAKANLIGI (EGM) 
FUNDACION TECNALIA RESEARCH & INNOVATION (TECNALIA) 
RIKSPOLISSTYRELSEN – SWEDISH NATIONAL POLICE BOARD (NFC) 
SELEX ES SPA (SES) 

COUNTRY

Sweden
Germany
The Netherlands
Turkey
Italy
France
Poland
Sweden
Turkey
Spain
Sweden
Italy

 
60

LOTUS /  Localization of threat substances in urban societies  

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

i

n
a
c
s
o
t

l

o
o
a
p
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives 

Results 

217925

Total Cost   

€ 4,298,595 

EU Contribution  

€ 3,189,146 

Starting Date  

01/01/2009

End date 

31/12/2011

LOTUS set out to develop the software, hardware and 

A range of sensor mounts was developed and tested by 

concepts of operation needed to deploy an array of 

LOTUS for this project. The primary detection method 

mobile and fixed position detection devices to locate 

used was air sampling by using sensor units mounted 

explosive  precursor  chemicals  and  drugs  in  urban  

on cars or other mobile platforms that traversed urban 

environments.  

spaces. 

The LOTUS team aimed to develop a technical tool for 

Ion mobility spectrometers (IMS), differential mobility 

intelligence gathering. This would enable the informa-

analysis and IR (infrared) absorption spectroscopy tech-

tion obtained to be combined and confirmed with data 

nologies were combined to detect trace elements of 

TOTALFORSVARETS 

from other sources (eg. law enforcement investigation) 

explosives or drugs found in the air near bomb-making 

FORSKNINGSINSTITUT

to accurately track and neutralize potential terrorist or 

factories and drug manufacturing laboratories. 

Department of Energetic 

organized criminal threats.

Materials

Grindsjön Research Centre

SE-147 25 Tumba

SWEDEN

Contact

Dr. Sara Wallin

Tel : +46 8 5550 4097

Mobile : +46 709 277008

Fax : +46 8 5550 3949

E-mail : sara.wallin@foi.se

Website : www.lotusfp7.eu

The LOTUS early warning system

Prevention and detection of threat substances is a major challenge for intelligence and police 
authorities. A system of mobile sensors that report significant levels of compounds in a specific or 
random area will give such authorities new complementary information that will significantly increase 
their ability to intervene at an early stage.

1. Clandestine production
The production phase of illicit substan-
ces such as explosives, toxic agents 
or drugs is very difficult to discover by 
standard intelligence procedures. With 
many such substances, significant 
levels of identifiable molecules are 
spread in the atmosphere.

2. Sensor-equipped vehicles
All kinds of vehicles (typically police cars, postal vans, fire brigade trucks etc) can be
equipped with a sensor. The sensor is a hidden, independent system that automatic-
ally reports its findings. No interaction from the driver is necessary.

Wind

= Sensor-equipped vehicle

Field experiments conducted in Stockholm, Helsinki and 

Madrid found that trace elements could be positively 

identified up to 45 metres away, depending on wind, 

temperature and humidity conditions.

In order to process and report the findings of these 

sensors, GSM-capable transmitters were built into each 

unit. These sent data reports, including potential threat 

detection alerts and GPS coordinates, to a central data 

fusion hub. Advanced analytical tools were developed 

to allow the hub to process and categorize readings. 

If a potential operational intervention was deemed nec-

essary (i.e. a law enforcement raid), analysis could be 

carried out with a range of tools to further ascertain 

the exact location of the threat. To avoid signal inter-

ception or pattern detection by potential adversaries, 

reports from each sensor were heavily encrypted and 

4. Operations centre
Information from the sensors is presented on screen in an operations 
centre and collated with data from other sources to evaluate potential 
threats and level of intervention.

randomly transmitted. 

3. Sensors
Sensors identify potentially threatening substan-
ces present in the area and send information to 
the operations central in the form of a cell phone 
text message. Position and time are registered 
via GPS. 

s
u
t
o
L
©

Sensor

GPS

Base-
station

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Explosives 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LOTUS

61

Another element of the LOTUS system was that no 

interaction between the vehicle driver and the sensor 

was required. Indeed, the project proposes that sen-

sors could be mounted on civilian vehicles whose users 

have no knowledge or need to know about what each 

sensor is doing. 

The result would be a network of sensors randomly 

surveying urban areas, producing GPS pinpointed reports 

on potential explosive or drug manufacture locations for 

central assessment.

PARTNERS 

Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Portendo AB 
Saab AB 
Bruker Daltonik GMBH 
Ramem S.A. 
Bruhn NewTech A/S 
Research and Education Laboratory in Information Technologies 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO)  
Universidad de Barcelona 
Secrab Security Research 

COUNTRY

Sweden
Sweden
Sweden
Germany
Spain
Denmark
Greece
The Netherlands
Spain
Sweden

62

OPTIX / Optical technologies for identification of explosives

E
A
C
O
C
©

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

k
e
p
S

e
n

i
l

E
©

218037

Total Cost   

€ 3,289,855

EU Contribution  

€ 2,487,556

Starting Date  

01/11/2008

Duration 

54 months

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

» Integration of all technological developments onto a 
single system to leverage and enhance the individual 

Terrorism, as evidenced by recent tragic events (Ma-

capabilities for the standoff detection and identification 

drid 2004, London 2005, New York 2001), is a real and 

of explosives.

growing threat to Europe and the world. Attacks using 

Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) appear in the news 

The first stage will be dedicated to the System Definition. 

every day. More than 60 % of terrorist attacks are carried 

The project consortium will perform focused research on 

out by the use of such explosive devices.

the core optical technologies addressed by the project. 

Security forces demand new tools to fight against this 

is a key stage for the success and final usefulness of the 

threat. One of the most demanded capabilities by end 

system from the end user’s point of view. Workshops 

Scenarios and system requirements will be defined. This 

INDRA SISTEMAS S.A.

users is that of standoff detection and identification of 

with end users will be organised.

Security Systems

explosives. Today’s technologies are not able to provide 

Paseo del Club Deportivo, 1.  

these capabilities with the required minimum reliability.

Technology development of LIBS, RAMAN, IR (core tech-

Edif.5

nologies) and laser, spectrometry, optics and data fusion 

28223-Pozuelo de Alarcón 

The objective of the project is to contribute to increasing 

(enabling technologies) will follow.

(Madrid)

Spain

Contact

the security of European citizens by the development 

of a transportable system for the standoff detection 

Phase three is System Integration, where a single plat-

and identification of explosives in real scenarios at dis-

form will be developed.

Carlos de Miguel

tances of around 20 metres (sensor to target), using 

Tel  : +34 91 257 95 73

alternative or simultaneous analysis by three different 

Testing will be carried out in laboratories and also in 

Mobile : +34 650 505 091

complementary optical technologies (LIBS, RAMAN, IR).

real environment scenarios, adequately supported by 

Fax  :+34 91 257 70 18

E-mail  : cdemiguel@indra.es

Website  : www.fp7-optix.eu

Description of the work 

end users. Evaluation of results will follow.

Dissemination and Exploitation will provide information 

The project activities of OPTIX have been broken down 

on the project’s activities, performance and results both 

into ten work packages and distributed across 42 months. 

at public and restricted levels, as well as defining and 

carrying out the initial exploitation of the outcomes and 

OPTIX will make important progress beyond the state 

expectations of OPTIX. Workshops with end users and 

of the art in three different ways :

other potential stakeholders will take place.

» Specific developments regarding the individual core 
technologies (LIBS, RAMAN and IR) for standoff detec-

Results

tion and identification of explosives;

OPTIX (Optical Technologies for the Identification of Ex-

» Specific developments of the enabling technologies 
being addressed in the project : lasers, spectrometry, 

optics and data fusion and analysis;

plosives) aimed to increase citizen security by develop-

ing a transportable system for standoff detection and 

identification of explosives at long distances.

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Explosives 
 
 
 
 
OPTIX

63

During its five years of work, OPTIC achieved the fol-

A standalone prototype for the infrared analysis of ex-

lowing:

» Extensive research and laboratory experimentation on 
core technologies, including laser induced breakdown 

plosives was built and tested. A prototype combining 

LIBS and Raman spectroscopy was built and intensively 

tested in a lab, field scenarios and by end-user partners.

spectrometry (LIBS), Raman and infrared spectrometry 

The OPTIX prototype demonstrated the ability of auto-

as the foundation for standoff detection and identifica-

mated detection and identification of traces of explosives 

tion of explosives

at standoff distances of 20 meters, by combing infor-

mation from two technologies. Despite these achieve-

» New chemometrics approaches to allow the automated 

ments, actual field conditions remain a challenge for the 

detection and identification of explosives

technologies, and further work is needed to increase the 

system’s sensitivity, selectivity and robustness before 

» Enabling technologies (laser, spectrometry, and optics) 

reaching the market.

that were applied to the OPTIX prototype

PARTNERS 

Indra Sistemas S.A. 
University of Malaga 
Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
EKSPLA UAB 
AVANTES BV. 
Technical University of Clausthal 
Vienna University of Technology 
University of Dortmund 
Guardia Civil 

COUNTRY

Spain
Spain
Sweden
Lithuania
The Netherlands
Germany
Austria
Germany
Spain

64

l

y
g
o
o
n
h
c
e
T

f
o

e
t
u
t
i
t
s
n
I

l

e
a
r
s
I
-
n
o
n
h
c
e
T

i

f
o

y
s
e
t
r
u
o
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

PREVAIL / PRecursors of ExplosiVes: Additives to Inhibit their use 
including Liquids

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Results

241858

Total Cost   

€ 4,296,266.87 

EU Contribution  

€ 3,343,162

Starting Date  

01/09/2010

End Date 

31/10/2013

TOTALFORSVARETS 

FORSKNINGSINSTITUT

Department of Energetic 

Materials

Gullfossgatan 6

The goal was to prevent or at least make it much more 

Results regarding selected project objectives: 

difficult to manufacture explosives. Another part of the 

project focused on finding a suitable marker/detection 

» Inhibitors to prevent the concentration of a precursor 

system to facilitate detection of illegal use of fertiliser-

based homemade explosives, a task that today is very dif-

The final candidate was tested for inhibition activity, sta-

ficult to perform. These objectives had to be met without 

bility and removal in lab scale and was finally validated 

obstruction of the legitimate use of these products and 

in large scale and long-term testing. This showed that 

without causing any adverse effects on the environment 

it is possible to find chemicals that function in the de-

or on people’s health. 

Description of the work 

sired temperature range. The inhibition activity of these 

chemicals will make it much more difficult to construct 

bombs using the precursor under study. However, the 

stability should be further improved. Future research 

The PREVAIL project focuses on finding inhibitors to add 

methods have been identified.

to some precursors to prevent them from being used 

164 90 Stockholm 

to produce home made explosives or to prevent them 

» Inhibitors for preventing the formation of some home-

Sweden

Contact

Malin Kölhed

from being concentrated by boiling water. A second goal 

made explosives crystals

in the PREVAIL project is to find markers to add to cer-

tain precursors to ensure easier detection. PREVAIL will 

These inhibitors were tested for activity and removal on 

Tel.  : +46 (0)8 5550 4197

perform research into a marker/detection system rather 

lab scale and were finally validated on a realistic scale 

Mobile  : +46 (0)70 9277010

than just the markers, in order to ensure detectability of 

and the results are promising. 

E-mail  : Malin.kolhed@foi.se

the markers. The markers found must be environmen-

Website  : www.prevail-fp7.eu

tally friendly, non-toxic and bio-degradable. Honey bees, 

If this measure is implemented, we all shall benefit from 

micro crystals and fluorescence light will be tested as 

the fact that terrorists will encounter major difficulties 

detectors for these added markers, and micro encapsula-

when attempting to prepare this HME.

tion will be used for slow and controlled release. For a 

successful project, the objectives must be met : without 

» Novel Markers for fertiliser-based homemade explo-

causing any adverse effects on the environment or on 

sives

people’s health and without obstructing the legitimate 

use of these materials. Since this project will strongly 

These markers were developed to suit specific detectors, 

influence manufacturers, users, legislators and govern-

as well as to be environmentally friendly, non-toxic and 

mental security agencies, the ties between the project 

bio degradable.

and the stakeholders are strong. The industrial partners 

will identify if added inhibitors and markers need extra 

The work has found technical solutions of where to add 

testing for safety. A road map for future Research and 

a chemical marker in order to be able to detect illegal 

Development work and actions (as well as regulatory) 

uses of fertilisers. The work has also resulted in a uni-

will be prepared.

fied work with the European coatings industry. Further 

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Explosives 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PREVAIL

65

research will be necessary to find technological detection 

solutions that can be implemented. 

» Roadmap for future work

A roadmap for future Research and Development work 

and actions (as well as regulatory) was prepared. Cri-

teria for the industrial implementation of inhibitors and 

markers were drafted. The usefulness of the developed 

additives for other precursors was also assessed and 

required future research was indicated. 

PARTNERS 

Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
Technion – Israel Institute of Technology (Technion) 
Arkema France (Arkema) 
KCEM AB (KCEM) 
Yara International ASA (Yara) 
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) 
Wojskowy Instytut Higieny i Epidemiologii (WIHiE) 
SECRAB Security Research (SECRAB) 
Inscentinel Ltd. (INSC) 

COUNTRY

Sweden
The Netherlands
Israel
France
Sweden
Norway
France
Poland
Sweden
United Kingdom

66

SALIANT / Selective Antibodies Limited Immuno Assay  
Novel Technology

T
N
A
I
L
A
S
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

242377

Total Cost   

€ 4,498,088.80

EU Contribution  

€ 3,362,598.60

Starting Date  

01/09/2010

End Date 

31/12/2013

SALIANT is focussed on developing a hand-held device for 

Lateral flow immunodiagnostics has long offered the 

real-time analysis of trace levels of explosives, chemi-

promise of fast, high-quality testing for substances of 

cals and drugs. The key innovation is a positive detec-

low molecular weight. There have however been very real 

tion lateral-flow test for small molecules that is highly 

challenges to bringing the full power of such technology 

sensitive and simple to use making it ideally suited to 

to bear in this area. What is required is a robust system 

deployment by First Responders at crime scenes and 

in which there is no observable signal in the absence 

terrorist incidents. 

of analyte, and even low-level samples give an obvious 

observable signal over this zero background. 

SALIANT offers a system based on a small bindable 

UNIVERSITY OF  

moiety that is first conjugated close to the binding site 

The SALIANT project is divided into several technical work 

NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE

of a primary antibody against the analyte such that 

packages which comprise research and development of 

Institute of Cellular 

when analyte binds the antibody, the moiety can still be 

sampling and detection methods, technology integra-

medicine

bound by a labelled secondary antibody. A large reagent-

tion and demonstration of practical device application 

Kensington Terrace 6

analogue of the analyte is also introduced, binding the 

in forensic laboratories and first responder scenarios. 

NE1 7RU, Newcastle Upon 

analyte-unbound primary antibody, and thereby blocking 

Tyne 

binding of the secondary antibody to the moiety. Thus 

An initial specification process will ensure that target 

United Kingdom

the more analyte present, the more binding of secondary 

molecules and application scenarios are catered for in 

Contact

Colin Self

Tel.  : +44 191 223 5604

Fax  : +44 191 223 5601

E-mail  : c.h.self@ncl.ac.uk

Website  : http ://www.saliant.eu/

antibody occurs and more signal is produced.

the development of sampling technologies. This is fol-

lowed by development of the SAL Universal detection 

system and in parallel the development of the Apposition 

detection system to give complementary dipstick and 

read-out systems respectively. The device will be further 

developed and integrated with sampling and detection 

technologies before practical demonstrations in both 

laboratory and first responder scenarios.

A work package is also dedicated to the dissemination 

of results which will not only spread awareness of the 

knowledge gained between project partners and the 

wider security industry research and technology commu-

nity but also promote and develop synergy between the 

security sector, security industry and academia through 

common training activities and workshops.

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Explosives 
 
SALIANT

67

Results 

sampling means, including rapid surface-wipe and air 

sampling devices and protocols. The programme has also 

SALIANT has been highly successful in meeting its objec-

facilitated development of a hand-held reader allowing 

tives of designing and developing an ultra-rapid testing 

rapid quantification, storage and controlled broadcasting 

platform for the high explosives RDX, PETN, HMX and 

of results. Extensive laboratory and field-testing, following 

TNT that is very simple to deploy and complementary 

controlled explosions, have clearly shown the robustness 

to physical methods of detection.  A key feature of the 

and excellent performance of the systems. The high sen-

system is that the presence of explosive is positively seen 

sitivity (to parts per billion) speed and simplicity of use 

on a dipstick simply as a positive red line, over a white 

of the devices allows their application to both post-blast 

zero background, that is easy to see by eye or read with 

incidents and pre-blast screening applications by personnel 

a hand-held reader. The lateral flow dipstick systems that 

such as first responders and security staff. The SALIANT 

have been developed are capable of simple visual detec-

consortium has developed the complete high performance 

tion within seconds of sample application and quantita-

detection package to a fully developed pre-manufacturing 

tive detection within a few minutes. This capability has 

production prototypic stage.

been complemented by development of highly efficient  

PARTNERS 

University of Newcastle upon Tyne (UNEW)  
Selective Antibodies Limited (SAL) 
OY REAGENA Ltd (REAG) 
Indicia Biotechnology (IND) 
Department of Justice, Equality & Law reform (FSL) 
Zilinska univerzita v ziline (UNIZA) 
Netherlands Forensic Institute (NFI) 
Applikon Analyzers (APP) 
Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek (DLO-FBR) 
Centre of Excellence for Life Sciences Ltd (CELS) 
Kite Innovation (Europe) Limited (KITE) 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Finland
France
Ireland
Slovakia
The Netherlands
The Netherlands
The Netherlands
United Kingdom
United Kingdom

68

s
i
e
w
p
p
a
r
K
s
a
e
r
d
n
A
–

s
e
g
a
m
e
e
r
f

i

©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

SUBCOP / Suicide Bomber Counteraction and Prevention

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

312375

Total Cost   

€ 4,601,647.25 

EU Contribution  

means.

SUBCOP addresses the extraordinary challenge of how 

analysed in detail in order to gain a deeper understanding 

to intervene in a suicide bombing event using non-lethal 

about the underlying factors in PBIED attacks. The selec-

from end users that either have or would be responding 

to a PBIED event. In parallell, previous PBIED events are 

tion of tools and technnologies are further supported by 

a technical capability and gap analysis.

€ 3,486,040.00 

Starting Date  

01/06/2013

Duration 

36 months

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SWEDISH DEFENCE 

RESEARCH AGENCY 

(FOI)

Department of Weapon 

Effects and Security of 

Explosives

Gullfossgatan 6

SE-164 90 Stockholm, 

SUBCOP sets out to develop technologies and proce-

dures that can be applied by police security forces when 

The project focuses its technical work on three differ-

responding to a suspectedperson-borne improvised ex-

ent areas: 

plosive device)(PBIED). The core objectives for SUBCOP 

are to consider the:

» Supporting and softer methods encompasses situ-
ational awareness tools, psychological approaches 

» available technological tools for less than lethal PBIED 

and methods to direct the crowd away from the danger;

intervention,

» novel procedures for their application, and

» Mitigation and containment brings rapidly deployable 
physical protection from the effects of the IED in case of 

an explosion. It also surveys possible electronic warfare 

» development of new technological capabilities.

measures that can be used in an urban environment 

to mitigate remote initiation of the IED;

Sweden

Contact

SUBCOP addresses the course of action to take when 

an alert to a possible PBIED has been issued and an 

Anna Pettersson

attack may be imminent. The project recognises that an 

» Less than lethal methods focuses on existing and 
emerging tools and technologies for engaging with the 

Tel.  : +46 8 5550 4027

alert may only give cause for suspecting the presence 

suspect to achieve immediate but reversible incapacita-

Mobile  : +46 709 277224

of a PBIED, and that this suspicion can be of lower or 

tion. Evaluation of promising tools and new develop-

Fax  : +46 8 5550 3949

higher confidence. SUBCOP will develop guidance for 

ments are part of the project objectives in this area.

E-mail  : 

responses to a PBIED that are ethically and socially 

anna.pettersson@foi.se

justifiable, given the context.. SUBCOP is insensitive to 

The selection of tools to be further investigated and 

Website  : www.subcop.eu

how the alert is raised, whether based on detection of 

developed within SUBCOP is based not only on the ef-

explosives or explosive devices, informants’ reporting 

ficiency of the countermeasures to handle the PBIED, but 

or other intelligence sources.

Description of the work 

also on the medical risks and risks of collateral injuries 

to the suspect, law enforcement personnel or bystanders 

caused by countermeasures. It must be understood that 

the outcome of a PBIED situation can be highly lethal. 

The potential responses to PBIED situations can be as-

The selection of tools and technologies for countering a 

sessed by end users in a preparatory phase through the 

PBIED event requires an understanding of the operational 

toolbox model, which incorporates the tools’ efficiency, 

and situational requirements for end-user intervention. In 

utility and safety when applied in a PBIED context.

the first phase of the project, requirements are collected 

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Explosives 
 
 
 
 
SUBCOP

69

The project embeds ethical aspects into the tools’ selec-

In the final phases, the outcome of SUBCOP will be a 

tion and their modelling. Ethical and legal aspects of 

training-and-validation exercise for end users.

research and deployment are also part of the project 

In the long term, the project will help prepare police forces 

throughout the EU in dealing with PBIED terrorist attacks.

work plan.

Results 

SUBCOP will develop technology demonstrators and 

suggest tools and procedures for use in PBIED situa-

tions. A response guidance training tool for assessing 

response strategies applied in the separate-, protect- and 

engage-phases of PBIED intervention is another major 

output of the project. 

PARTNERS 

Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
ASELSAN Elektronik Sanayi ve Ticaret  A.s. (ASELSAN) 
RAND Europe Community Interest Company (RAND) 
Franhofer-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (FhG-ICT) 
CBRNE Ltd. (CBRNE) 
Cerberus Black Ltd. (CB) 
Karolinska institutet (KI) 
Icisleri Bakanligi (EGM) 
Technische Universiteit Eindhoven (TU/e) 
Ministry of Public Security (MOPS-INP) 

COUNTRY

Sweden
The Netherlands 
Turkey
United Kingdom
Germany
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Sweden
Turkey
The Netherlands
Israel

70

TIRAMISU / Toolbox Implementation for Removal of Anti-Personnel 
Mines, Submunitions and UXO

I

U
S
M
A
R
I
T
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

» Non-Technical Survey & Advanced General Survey : 

tools to facilitate land release;

Anti-personnel landmines and unexploded ordnance 

(UXOs) represent an important obstacle in the transi-

» Technical Survey : tools to detect indicators of probable 

tion from crisis to peace for war-affected countries. They 

presence of landmines/UXOs;

threaten post-conflict development and welfare. 

The  objective  of  the  TIRAMISU  project  is  to  provide 

» Ground-based Close-in Detection : tools, such as ad-
vanced metal detectors, Ground Penetrating Radars 

the Mine Action community with a toolbox to assist in 

and novel chemical sensors;

addressing the many issues related to Humanitarian 

Demining and thus promoting peace, national and re-

gional security, conflict prevention, social and economic 

» Stand-off Detection : tools to detect mines, submuni-
tions or explosives at close range with remotely con-

rehabilitation and post-conflict reconstruction.

trolled Micro (Unmanned) Aerial Vehicles (MAV/UAV) 

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

284747

Total Cost  

€ 19 767 368,68 

EU Contribution  

€ 14,934,745

Starting Date  

01/01/2012

Duration 

48 months

ECOLE ROYALE  

MILITAIRE -  

KONINKLIJKE MILITAIRE 

SCHOOL

The tools in development are divided in two main cat-

Polytechnic Faculty

egories :

30, Avenue de la Renaissance

1000 – Brussels - Belgium

» Demining planning tools, which will help locate the 

or flying biosensors (honeybees);

» Disposal of ERW (Explosive Remnants of War) : tools 
to protect deminers or vehicles against explosions;

Contact

Dr Yann Yvinec, Royal 

Military Academy

Yvan Baudoin

Tel  : +32 2 7426553 

Fax  : +32 2 7426547

E-mail  : 

threats and define the contaminated areas;

» Mine Risk Education : tools to assist in Mine Risk Edu-

» Detection and disposal tools, which will physically 
neutralise mines and UXOs and improve operators’ 

safety. In this context, in-depth training will be provided 

to the users.

cation activities;

» Training : tools aiming at developing capacity building 
and enabling the user uptake of the tools developed;

» Mine Action mission management : tools to improve 

yann.yvinec@rma.ac.be 

These tools will be tested and validated in mine-affected 

planning and execution of Mine Action missions;

yvan.baudoin@rma.ac.be

countries and will also benefit from state-of-the-art 

Website :  

technologies (robots, UAV...).

http://www.fp7-tiramisu.eu/

» Standards : this module includes the current and in-progress 

or proposed CEN Workshop Agreements (CWA).

Description of the work 

TIRAMISU is divided into 10 modules that will cover all the 

dence of the Mine Action community in these tools, test 

different aspects of Humanitarian Demining. They are :

and validation campaigns will be organised in several 

In order to test the tools and to also increase the confi-

mine-contaminated countries.

» Land Impact Survey : tools enabling the prioritisation of 
the areas most affected and the efficient use of the other 

The project is steered by two boards that will be involved 

modules in a given situation. These tools will make use of 

in every step of the development of TIRAMISU to ensure 

remote sensing and decision support systems;

that the tools being developed will really be useful to the 

Mine Action community. The End-User Board will assist 

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Explosives 
 
TIRAMISU

71

in the definition of the needs and the assessment of the 

usefulness of the tools. The Project Advisory Board will 

provide an independent view on the tools’ design and 

development and on any ethical issues that could arise 

in the course of the project. 

» A tablet application was developed to help teams to 
gather information about areas with suspected mines

» Use of honey bees to detect explosives was studied 
and demonstrated in Croatia with promising results, 

along with global media attention

Results

The objective of TIRAMISU (Toolbox Implementation for 

» Two tools were developed to help mine risk education: 
video games and a radio broadcast theatre play, the 

Removal of Anti-personnel Mines, Submunitions and 

latter of which was evaluated in Cambodia and Algeria, 

UXO) was to provide the mine action community with 

with the video game evaluated in Croatia

tested tools to cover most of their needs. Testing per-

sonal protective equipment was a key issue, for example.

» The design of a blast-resistant vessel, RDX decomposi-
tion and the prototyping of neutralisation sets, with 

The project carried out the following:

requests for three patents submitted

» Detectors mounted on remotely controlled vehicles 

» Blast-resistant wheels were designed, tested and con-

were developed and evaluated

tinuously improved 

» One platform was designed to be used both for mine 
action activity and agriculture, whose versatility is 

» A triple-impact launcher that can shoot three projectiles 
simultaneously was designed to improve the relevance 

very promising

of the tests for mine action

» The potential of drones in mine action was evaluated, 
with flights conducted over mined areas in Bosnia and 

These tools were incorporated into the Explosive Knowl-

edge Centre within the International CBRNE Institute.

Herzegovina, after floods displaced the mines, in sup-

port of the Bosnian Mine Action Centre and humanitar-

ian organisations

PARTNERS 

ECOLE ROYALE MILITAIRE - KONINKLIJKE MILITAIRE SCHOOL (RMA) 
UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI GENOVA (DIMEC) 
DEUTSCHES ZENTRUM FUER LUFT - UND RAUMFAHRT EV (DLR) 
INSTITUTO DE SISTEMAS E ROBOTICA-ASSOCIACAO (ISR-UC) 
AGENCIA ESTATAL CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES (CSIC) 
UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI CATANIA (UNICT) 
INSTYTUT MASZYN MATEMATYCZNYCH (IMM) 
DIALOGIS UG (HAFTUNGSBESCHRANKT) (DIALOGIS) 
SVEUCILISTE U ZAGREBU - GEODETSKI FAKULTET (FGUNIZ) 
HRVATSKI CENTAR ZA RAZMINIRANJE-CENTAR ZA TESTIRANJE RAZVOJ I OBUKU DOO (CTDT) 
NOVELTIS SA (NOVELTIS) 
PARIS-LODRON-UNIVERSITÄT SALZBURG (PLUS) 
WOJSKOWY INSTYTUT TECHNIKI INZYNIERYJNEJ IM PROFESORA JOZEFA KOSACKIEGO (WITI) 
THE UNIVERSITY COURT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ST ANDREWS (USTAN) 
UNIVERSITE LIBRE DE BRUXELLES (IGEAT) 
SPINATOR AB (SPINATOR) 
PROTIME GMBH GESELLSCHAFT FUR INFORMATIONSLOGISTIK (PROTIME) 
SPACETEC PARTNERS SPRL (STP) 
EUROPEAN UNION SATELLITE CENTRE (EUSC) 
VALLON GMBH (VALLON) 
I.D.S. - INGEGNERIA DEI SISTEMI - S.P.A. (IDS) 
PIERRE TRATTORI DI GIOVANNI BATTISTA POLENTES & C SNC (PIERRE) 
BRIMATECH SERVICES GMBH (BRIMATECH) 
COMITE EUROPEEN DE NORMALISATION (CEN) 

COUNTRY

Belgium
Italy
Germany
Portugal
Spain
Italy
Poland
Germany
Croatia
Croatia
France
Austria
Poland
United Kingdom
Belgium
Sweden
Germany
Belgium
Spain
Germany
Italy
Italy
Austria
Belgium

72

IMSK / Integrated mobile security kit

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

218038

Total Cost  

€ 23,485,135.25

EU Contribution   

€ 14,864,308

Starting Date  

01/03/2009

End Date   

28/02/2013

SAAB AB

Saab Microwave Systems

The Integrated Mobile Security Kit (IMSK) project aims at 

IMSK will have an advanced man-machine interface 

increasing the security of citizens in the scope of events 

using intuitive symbols and a simulation platform for 

gathering a large number of people, such as medium to 

training. End-users will define the overall system require-

large scale sports events (from football games to the 

ments, ensuring compatibility with pre-existing security 

Olympic Games), political summits (G8 summit) etc. The 

systems and procedures. IMSK will be compatible with 

security related to these types of events with intense 

new sensors for threat detection and validation, including 

mass media coverage has indeed become an increasing 

cameras (visual & infra-red), radar, acoustic and vibra-

concern due to new threats of terrorism and criminal 

tion, x-ray and gamma radiation and CBRNE. 

activities (such as suicide bombers, improvised explosive 

devices, increasingly credible CBRN threats).

Tracking  of  goods,  vehicles  and  individuals 

will  enhance  situational  awareness,  and  per-

SE-412 89 Göteborg  

To counter this situation, new systems are needed that 

sonal  integrity  will  be  maintained  by  the  use 

Sweden

Contact

can cover various security aspects and allow for coopera-

of,  for  example  non-intrusive  terahertz  sensors.  

tion between different stakeholders. The systems need to 

To ensure the use of appropriate technologies, police and 

Daniel Forsberg

be mobile and adaptable in order to address situations 

counter-terrorist operatives from several EU nations have 

Tel  : +46 31 794 9123

of different kinds and different locations. The main objec-

been involved in defining the project in relevant areas. 

Fax  : +46 31 794 9475

tive of the proposed project is the study, development, 

E-mail  : daniel.forsberg@

assessment and promotion of such a system, the IMSK, 

Close cooperation with end-users will ensure compat-

saabgroup.com

providing emerging solutions for increased probability 

ibility with national requirements and appropriate in-

of rapid detection and response to threats.

terfaces with existing procedures. The effectiveness of 

Description of the work 

IMSK will be verified through field trials. Through IMSK, 

security of the citizen will be enhanced even in asym-

metric situations.

The Integrated Mobile Security Kit (IMSK) project will 

combine technologies for area surveillance, checkpoint 

Results 

control, also CBRNE detection and support for VIP pro-

tection, into a mobile system for rapid deployment at 

IMSK designed a system to optimally integrate different 

venues and sites (hotels, sport/festival arenas, etc.) which 

sensor information feeds to produce a common opera-

temporarily need enhanced security. The IMSK accepts 

tional picture for area surveillance checkpoint control and 

input from a wide range of sensor modules, either legacy 

detection of CBRNE (chemical, biological, radiological, 

systems or new devices brought in for a specific occa-

nuclear, explosive) threats during large-scale events. 

sion. Sensor data will be integrated through a (secure) 

The goal was also to provide security support to protect 

communication module and a data management module 

important public figures and others who might be present 

and output to a command & control centre. 

during such event. 

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Intelligence against terrorism 
IMSK

73

Sensor data was integrated via a secure communication 

IMSK also developed sensors for CBRNE detection, 3D 

module and a data management module and output to 

face recognition and the detection of hidden weapons 

a command & control centre. The technologies’ sensor 

via passive THz technology. It studied security procedures 

data was fed into a single information platform and 

currently used across Europe in order to better frame 

fused to create a common picture for rapid distribution 

future European standard operating procedures.

at event sites (hotels, sport or festival arenas, etc.) which 

temporarily need enhanced security. 

The IMSK team says its technology could increase the 

volume of visitors moving through security checks, while 

     IMSK developed an information model – the “Mobile 

allowing for a reduction in the number of security per-

Situation Object” –used for information-gathering from 

sonnel required. 

all its subsystems and their sensors. 

The project’s heart is its command and control sub-

system (C2), which allows authorities to monitor a site 

and activity by humans, vehicles and other factors. The 

“position” of a threat could be continuously updated as 

well as that of security forces. 

PARTNERS 

Saab AB  
Selex Sensors and Airborne Systems Limited 
Selex Communications S.p.A. 
Telespazio S.p.A. 
Cilas 
Diehl BGT Defence GmbH & CO KG 
Thales Security Systems SA 
Bruker Daltonik GmbH  
Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus (VTT) 
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) 
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR)  
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer) 
Ministère de l’intérieur- STSI 
Universita Degli Studi Di Catania 
Thyia Tehnologije d.o.o. 
AS Regio 
EPPRA S.A.S 
Qascom S.r.l 
Rikskriminalpolisen - Swedish National Police Board 
Regione Lombardia 
Thales Research and Technology Ltd 
TriVision ApS 
Joint Research Centre (JRC)  
Deutscher Fußball-Bund e.V. 
AirshipVision International S.A 
University of Reading  
The Chancellor, Masters and Scholars of the University of Oxford 

COUNTRY

Sweden
United Kingdom 
Italy
Italy
France
Germany
France
Germany
Sweden
Finland
France
Germany
Germany
France
Italy
Slovenia
Estonia
France
Italy
Sweden
Italy
United Kingdom 
Denmark
Belgium
Germany
France
United Kingdom
United Kingdom

74

.

m
o
c
o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

-

Ç
N
U
T
M
A
R
Y
A
B
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

RAPTOR /Rapidly deployable, gas generator assisted. inflatable mobile security 
kits for ballistic protection of European civilians against crime and terrorist attacks 

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

218259

Total Cost   

€ 2,849,867.76

EU Contribution  

€ 2,060,995.13

Starting Date  

01/01/2010

Duration 

48 months

The aim of the RAPTOR project is the development of 

a mobile, rapidly deployable and inflatable structure 

» Definition of threat scenarios such as acts of terror-
ism and organised crime. Based on these scenarios, 

for ballistic protection. The project consortium is work-

specifications for the development of the security kit 

ing on specific solutions to support European security 

are defined and criteria for the demonstration of their 

forces in the prevention of, or response to, various threat 

effective performance derived;

scenarios. Emphasis is placed on the protection of in-

dividuals, general security at events and the protection 

of humanitarian workers, such as Red Cross employees.

» Development of textiles and coatings for ballistic pro-
tection with respect to foldability, light weight and en-

r
o
t
p
a
R
©

i
i

r
r
o
o
t
t
a
a
n
n
d
d
r
r
o
o
o
o
C
C

FRAUNHOFER-

GESELLSCHAFT ZUR 

FÖRDERUNG DER 

ANGEWANDTEN FORS-

CHUNG E.V.

Fraunhofer Institut für  

Chemische Technologie (ICT)

Joseph-von-Fraunhofer-Str. 7

76327 Pfinztal (Berghausen),  

Germany

Contact

Dr. Norbert Eisenreich

Tel +49 721 4640 138

Fax +49 721 4640 538

E-mail  : norbert.eisenreich@

ict.fraunhofer.de

Website  : 

http://www.raptor-project.eu/ 

http ://www.ict.fraunhofer.de/

vironmental influence;

» Development of textiles and coatings for inflatable struc-
tures and suitable coverings for transport and storage;

» Development and characterization of a gas generator 
formulation with high mass specific gas output, low gas 

temperature and non-toxic gas components;

» Evaluation and testing of combustion chamber designs 

with respect to small size and light weight;

» Consolidation of the demonstrators will comprise the 
incorporation of all basic systems, e.g. gas generator, 

ballistic protection design and the inflatable structure;

» The final tests of the demonstrators will be done ac-
cording to the defined threat scenarios. The results will 

be reviewed according to the goals set out at the start 

of the project;

» Development of a dissemination plan of the results 

and knowledge obtained in the project;

» Overall  Project  Management  and  Co-ordination,  

Accounting, Quality Assurance & Control.

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Intelligence against terrorism 
 
 
 
 
 
RAPTOR

75

» Gas generator composition characterised by high gas 

output and fast burning behaviour;

» Consolidation and final testing of demonstrators;

» Innovation plan, exploitation plan and feasibility study.

Results 

» Compilation of threat scenarios;

» Performance requirements of protection kit; 

» Selection of ballistic protection textiles appropriate to 

security kit requirements;

» Development of textiles and coatings for inflatable 

structures;

» Ballistic testing to explore the effectiveness of multi-

layer set-up;

PARTNERS 

Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer-ICT) 
Bundeskriminalamt (BKA) 
Dr. Lange GmbH & Co KG (LANCO) 
Explosia a.s. (EXPLOSIA) 
P-D Interglas Ltd. (INTERGLAS) 

COUNTRY

Germany 
Germany
Germany
Czech Republic
United Kingdom

76

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i
i

r
r
o
o
t
t
a
a
n
n
d
d
r
r
o
o
o
o
C
C

TACTICS /Tactical Approach to Counter Terrorists in Cities

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

285533

Total Cost   

€ 4,466,999.07

EU Contribution  

€ 3,478,464.00

Starting Date  

01/09/2012

End Date 

31/08/2015

The objectives of TACTICS were to identify, research 

Building on this work, the TACTICS system architecture 

and develop tools, technologies and methods to im-

was designed in more detail based on a vision for a 

prove the effectiveness of security forces in preventing 

TACTICS-type-of-system, and the system architecture of 

and dealing with an urban attack or threat, while taking 

our concrete validation system. This included specifying 

fully into account legal requirements, democratic and 

what privacy-by-design, user centered design means 

ethical principles.

for these kinds of systems, and for the concrete valida-

tion system. For a limited set of emerging surveillance 

The Scientific and Technical goals of TACTICS were:

methods and technologies their potential contribution 

to the TACTICS concept was described. 

NEDERLANDSE ORGANI-

1. Improving the threat decomposition process

SATIE VOOR TOEGEPAST 

A large number of historical attacks were analyzed in 

NATUUR-WETENSCHAP-

2. Improving  the capability management process

a structured non-biased way. The (non) functional re-

PELIJK ONDERZOEK TNO

quirements for the three TACTICS components TM, TDM 

Human Behaviour and 

3. Supporting the threat management process

and CM were designed and documented, after which 

Organisational Innovations

they were built. The data fusion engine was defined 

Brassersplein 2

4. Developing a three-levelled facilitation approach

and a non-biased method for both threat analysis and 

Postbus 5050, 2600 GB,  

Delft

2612CT, Delft, 

The Netherlands

Contact

Sharon Prins  

5.  Implementing legal requirements, democratic and 
ethical principles into the research and development 

process within TACTICS

capability analysis has been developed. The TM, TDM 

and CM were evaluated by the end users in a validation 

workshop in September 2014.

Throughout the project ethical aspects are taken into 

TACTICS supported each of these managers in reacting 

account and this is reflected in an ethical paragraph in 

Tel +31 88 86 67766

more quickly and in a more structured, efficient way to 

the majority of the deliverables.

Mobile: +31 6 53715812

a specific threat by delivering a powerful TACTICS Deci-

E-mail  : sharon.prins@tno.nl, 

sion Support System that supported the responding to 

Results 

info@fp7-tactics.eu

threats and minimized the consequences of a terrorist 

Website  : www.tno.nl,  

attack in an urban environment.

TACTICS aimed to increase the effectiveness and ef-

www.fp7-tactics.eu

ficiency of end users and stakeholders:

Description of the work 

End user focus: 

The work started by gaining a common view on the 

TACTICS increased effectiveness and efficiency of the fol-

TACTICS problem definition and the desired solution.

lowing end user responsibilities in the case of the preven-

tion of a specific threat or dealing with an actual attack:

Possible attack scenarios were sketched and two were 

chosen together with the end users that were consulted 

during a workshop in December 2012. The TACTICS con-

» Police officers: patrolling the streets and other public 
places, maintaining public order, providing assistance 

cept of operations was also simulated with this group.

in emergencies.

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Intelligence against terrorism 
TACTICS

77

» Military Police: maintaining public order, providing as-
sistance in ceremonial duties, personal protection. 

» Local municipalities: managing safety and security in 

their own town or city.

» Private security: personal protection, protection of small 
companies (e.g. shops), protection of bigger closed urban 

» National security services: investigating individuals and 
organizations, promoting the security of vital sectors, 

environments (e.g. malls, concert halls or universities).

gathering international intelligence and compiling risk 

TACTICS increased effectiveness and efficiency of the 

following stakeholder responsibilities that were relevant 

for the prevention of a specific threat or dealing with 

an actual attack:   

» Pan-European authorities: promoting information shar-
ing to address free movement of persons and ensure 

European-wide public safety.their own town or city.

and threat analyses.  

» National coordinators for counterterrorism: analysing 
intelligence and other information, policy development, 

coordinating anti-terrorist security measures.  

PARTNERS 

Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast natuur-wetenschappelijk onderzoek (TNO) 
Rand Europe (RAND) 
Korps Landelijke Politiediensten (KLPD) 
Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO) 
ITTI Sp. Z o.o. (ITTI) 
LERO @ TRINITY COLLEGE DUBLIN (TCD) 
International Security and Counterterrorism Academy (ISCA) 
Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV) 
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (FHG) 
Koninklijke Marechaussee (KMAR) 
Morpho (MPH) 

COUNTRY

The Netherlands
United Kingdom
The Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Ireland
Israel
Spain
Germany
The Netherlands
France

78

UNCOSS / Underwater coastal sea surveyor

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

E
A
C
O
C
©

s
s
o
c
n
U
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

218148

Total Cost   

€ 4,119,638.72 

EU Contribution  

€ 2,763,818.61

Starting Date  

01/12/2008

End Date 

31/07/2012

The waterways are becoming more and more crucial for 

technology for the global issue of maritime surveillance 

coastal economy and paradoxically, such areas remain 

and port/naval infrastructure protection.

very vulnerable to terrorism attacks especially against 

underwater IED threats. Coastal regions such as in south-

There is no specific device capable of identifying explo-

ern Europe and south-east Asia are contaminated by 

sive contents of submerged UneXplode Ordnance (UXO) 

different ammunition left on the sea bottom after war 

therefore Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) teams at 

activities from World War I, II and more recent conflicts. 

present have to remove the objects without knowledge 

This represents a constant threat to the sea traffic, fish-

of the explosive charge presence. 

ermen, tourists and local populations. The objects on 

COMMISSARIAT  

the sea bottom are of different natures and include 

A L’ENERGIE ATOMIQUE  

torpedoes, airplane bombs, anti-ship mines, grenades, 

ET AUX ENERGIES  

gun fuses, ammunition and projectiles of different calib-

ALTERNATIVES

Le Ponant de Paris

25 Rue Leblanc

ers. For example, it is estimated that there are at least 

130 000 tons of explosive devices in the eastern coastal 

waters of the Adriatic Sea. This dramatic pollution weak-

fig.1

F-75015 Paris Cedex 15

ens the economic development capacity of such regions.

France

Contact

A major challenge is to provide new tools for keeping 

Guillaume Sannie

naval infrastructure safe : harbours, ships, coastal areas, 

Tel : +33 1 69 08 51 88

ferry terminals, oil and gas terminals, power/nuclear 

Website:  

plants, etc. The main objective of the UNCOSS project 

http://www.uncoss-project.org/

is to provide tools for the non-destructive inspection of 

fig.2

underwater objects mainly based on neutron sensors. 

The technology used has already been experimented 

with for Land Protection (especially in the frame of the 

FP6/Euritrack project). The application of this technology 

for underwater protection will be a major achievement. 

The classic approach to underwater IED detection is 

mainly based on sonar detection (derived from mili-

fig.2

tary development for mine clearance) which can not 

guarantee if unattended objects contain explosive. The 

identification/classification of underwater objects using 

classical sensors such as sonar and video cameras, be-

comes more and more difficult when facing asymmetrical 

attacks. The UNCOSS project is a cost-effective response 

to new terrorism threats and provides a fundamental  

Figure 1 : Torpedo from World War II
Figure 2 : Antiship mines

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Intelligence against terrorism 
 
 
 
 
UNCOSS

79

Results 

The project’s main objective was to provide tools for 

The project’s underwater neutron inspection system was 

the non-destructive inspection of underwater objects 

based on a neutron generator and gamma sensor. The 

fig.3

tested in Croatia’s Punat Seaport to prove its ability to 

distinguish explosive surrogates from sediments in me-

technology’s application for underwater protection is 

tallic objects lying on the seafloor. A further demonstra-

one of its major achievements.

tion was performed along’s Slovenia’s Adriatic seacoast, 

which demonstrated that the ROV can detect metallic 

UNCOSS designed, manufactured and tested a remotely 

objects potentially buried in the seabed.

operated vehicle (ROV) to inspect suspicious objects ly-

ing on the seafloor or riverbed. The ROV hovers over 

an object and reads its chemical make-up using the 

neutron generator and gamma sensors.  The range of 

the reading depends on the salt content of the water 

and varies from several centimetres in very salty water 

to several meters in freshwater.

fig.4

fig.5

PARTNERS 

Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) 
ECA S.A. 
Ruder Boskovic Institute (RBI) 
Laseroptronix 
Jozef Stefan Institute (JSI) 
A.C.T.d.o.o. (ACT) 
Port Authority Dubrovnik 
Port Authority Bar 
Port Authority Vukovar 
Mednarodna podiplomska šola Jožefa Stefana (MPS) 

COUNTRY

France
France
Croatia
Sweden
Slovenia
Croatia
Croatia
Montenegro
Croatia
Slovenia

80

VIRTUOSO / Versatile information toolkit for end-users oriented  
open sources exploitation

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

f
l
o
w
a
e
b
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

242352

Total Cost   

€ 11,497,567.53 

EU Contribution   

€ 7,999,182.55 

Starting Date   

01/05/2010

Duration    

36 months

COMMISSARIAT  

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Three versions of the VIRTUOSO Toolkit will be 
delivered :

The VIRTUOSO Project aims to provide an integrated 

open source information exploitation (OSINF) toolbox 

to European authorities working in border security. This 

» VIRTUOSO-V0 : A very basic version of the frame-
work, integrating basic functions and demonstrating 

toolbox will extend the “security distance” of Europe’s 

its potential;

borders by allowing EU agencies and member states to 

anticipate, identify and respond to strategic risks and 

» VIRTUOSO-V1 : A first version of the framework in-

threats in a timely manner. In short, the project aims to :

tegrating some operational functions;

» Improve the situational awareness of those organisa-
tions and individuals charged with securing Europe’s 

» VIRTUOSO-V2 : A second version of the framework 
with all operational functions adapted and/or devel-

A L’ENERGIE ATOMIQUE 

borders;

oped.

ET AUX ENERGIES  

ALTERNATIVES  

Centre de Saclay- Bât 476

F91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette 

Cedex

France

Contact

» Help anticipate risks such as terrorism, illegal migration 
and the trafficking of goods and people using OSINF; 

Work Packages :

» WP0 : Management;

» Create the kernel of a pan-European technological 
platform for the collection, analysis and dissemina-

» WP1 : End-users requirements (10 workshops organ-

tion of open source information, thus ensuring greater 

ised with end-users);

Géraud Canet 

interoperability among European actors involved in 

Tel : +33 1 46 54 82 59

border security;

» WP2 : Architecture and infrastructure tools;

Fax : +33 1 46 54 75 80

E-mail : geraud.canet@cea.fr

Website:  

http://www.virtuoso.eu/

» Provide the tools for crisis management response if 
anticipation fails or in the event of a rupture scenario. 

» WP3 : Privacy, ethical and legal aspects;

Description of the work 

» WP4 : Data acquisition;

» WP5 : Processing;

The VIRTUOSO Project places considerable importance 

on the involvement of end-users. The project will be 

» WP6 : Knowledge management;

developed incrementally in response to their specific 

requirements. 

» WP7 : Decision support and visualization;

During the first end-user requirements phase, a state-

» WP8 : Integration and demonstration;

of-the-art set of tools will be demonstrated to help 

end-users better understand the utility of the VIRTUOSO 

» WP9 : End-Users validation (10 workshops organised 

toolkit.

with end-users);

» WP10 : Dissemination. 

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Intelligence against terrorism 
 
 
 
VIRTUOSO

81

Results 

This seamless OSINF platform will aggregate, in realtime, 

content from the internet, leading subscription providers, 

and broadcast media. This content will be filtered and 

analysed using text mining and other decision support 

technologies to improve situational awareness and pro-

vide early warning to end-users. 

The project’s deliverables include a demonstrator of 

the VIRTUOSO toolkit (one that integrates various in-

formation services and intelligence applications) and 

full documentation on the platform itself.

The core platform will be freely available as open source 

software at the end of the project.

PARTNERS 

Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA-LIST)  
Defence and Security Systems (EADS) 
Origin Sociedad Anonima Espanola (ATOS) 
Mondeca SA (Mondeca) 
Newstin a.s (NWT) 
SAIL Technology AG (SailLabs ) 
Aalborg University (AAU) 
Thales Communications (TCF) 
Bertin Technologies (Bertin) 
Stichting Katholieke Universiteit / Brabant Universiteit Van Tilburg (TILT) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
Ingenieria de Sistemas Para la Defensa de Espana SA (Isdefe) 
Hawk Associates Limited (HAWK) 
Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH Zurich) 
Compagnie Europeenne d’Intelligence Strategique (CEIS) 
Universita Degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia (CRIS/UoM) 
Columba Global Systems Ltd. (Columba) 
Thales Research and Technology (THALES) 

COUNTRY

France
France
Spain
France
Czech Republic
Austria
Denmark
France
France
The Netherlands
The Netherlands
Spain
United Kingdom
Switzerland
France
Italy
Ireland
France

AEROCEPTOR / UAV BASED INNOVATIVE MEANS FOR LAND AND 
SEA NON-COOPERATIVE VEHICLES STOP

E
A
C
O
C
©

82

m
o
c
e
m

.

i
t
s
m
a
e
r
D
1
n
a
m
o
n
o
J
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

» Increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of intercep-
tion operations, since RPAS are quickly deployable and 

285144

Total Cost   

€ 4,839,873

EU Contribution   

€ 3,468,859.75  

Starting Date   

01/01/2013

Duration    

36 months

When  approaching  the  problem  of  non-cooperative 

have an all-weather and 24/7 operation capability;

vehicles in Europe two different groups are in focus: 

land and sea vehicles (such as: motorbikes, cars, trucks 

» Decreasing the risk of human overreaction in intercep-

and maritime boats). These vehicles are considered 

tion operations;

non-cooperative, when the Law Enforcement Agents 

are trying to stop them but the vehicle drivers do not 

obey the orders and signals of the agents. Maritime 

» Offering a cost effective and environmentally friendlier 
solution due to their reduced weight and therefore less 

scenarios include the use of speedboats by organised 

fuel consumption;

crime groups for border crossing, drugs and weapons 

INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE 

smuggling. Ground vehicles can be found also in a wide 

TÉCNICA AEROESPACIAL 

number of scenarios. These scenarios embrace situations 

» and last but not least, being humans still the best deci-
sion makers, RPAS offers a solution able to combine 

(INTA) 

ranging from routine traffic control attempts, to stolen 

the human capability for decision making with a high 

Aeronautic Programs 

or hijacked car pursuits, crime scene escapes and, the 

automated operation capability owing to the continuous 

Department

most complex ones, complicated and dangerous hostage 

monitoring of the operation and fulfilling “state of the 

Crtra Ajalvir km 4

situations. Law enforcement officers always seek for 

art “ privacy respect legal requirement.

28850

means to perform the stop and arrest procedure in the 

Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, 

safest way for both the law enforcement officers, the 

Description of the work 

Spain

Contact

offenders, and the rest of the people involved. 

The project will cover different types of activities:

Vicente de Frutos  

AEROCEPTOR project aims at increasing the capability of 

Cristóbal

Law Enforcement Authorities (LEA) to remotely, safely 

1. Research and Technological Development activities:

Tel : +34 91 587 66 58

and externally control and stop non-cooperative vehicles 

Fax : +34 91 520 16 16

in both land and sea scenarios, by means of a Remote 

» Electromagnetic jamming payload equipment devel-

E-mail : frutoscv@inta.es

Piloted Aerial System (RPAS), the subset of Unmanned 

opment;

Website: www.aeroceptor.eu

Aerial vehicles (UAV). Full consideration will be given to 

legal and human rights aspects, which are an integral part 

» Development of an innovative RPAS control system;

of the project. The scenarios will moreover be audited 

from the ethics point of view before their implementation.

» Technological development to adapt existing payloads 

RPAS consists of an aerial vehicle that is remotely piloted. 

2.  Systems engineering activities to integrate the differ-

This solution has several advantages, such as:

ent subsystems, technologies, new developments and 

» Higher security level for law enforcement agents and 

lower error rate;

Components Off The Shelf (COTS) into the new system.

3.  Legislation and regulatory assessment activities, to 

study the needed regulatory framework allowing this 

kind of RPAS to operate (certification and integration 

into aerospace).

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Ordinary Crime and ForensicCoordinatorInformation 
 
 
AEROCEPTOR

83

4.  Safety, Security and ethical issues assessment, in 

Results

order to ensure that the proposed system complies 

with the necessary safety and security levels and is 

Interception of non-cooperative vehicles by law enforce-

compliant with the European regulations.

ment agencies is often a very dangerous task. Accident 

may occur that threatens the lives of those who intercept, 

for example the police or border guards. At the same time 

it can also result in the loss of life of the offenders, which 

is of course not intended. Moreover, often innocent third 

parties are involved in accidents occurring in vehicular 

pursuits, that is, people who just happen to stand or pass 

by. That’s the reason why current interception means are 

neither safe nor effective. I. AEROCEPTOR will develop 

a concept that will increase effectiveness and safety of 

these procedures, enhancing also the capability range 

by developing a technology that will allow LEAs to moni-

tor, track and stop land and maritime non cooperative 

vehicles owing to an automated aerial system.

PARTNERS 

COUNTRY

Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA) 
Ingeniera de Sistemas para la Defensa de España SA (ISDEFE) 
Aerospace and Defence SAU (GMV)   
Office National d’Etudes et de Recherches Aerospatiales (ONERA) 
Przemyslowy Instytut Automatyki i Pomiarow piap (PIAP)  
Alma Mater Studiorum-Universita di Bologna (UNIBO) 
Austrian Institute of Technology GMBH (AIT)   
Israel Aerospace Industries LTD. (IAI) 
Turk Otomobil Fabrikasi Anonim Sirketi (TOFAS) 
Sigmund Freud Privatuniversitat Wien GMBH (SFU) 
Ministerio del Interior (MIR) 
Rotem Technological Solutions LTD (ROTEM) 
Etienne Lacroix Tous Artifices SA (LACROIX)  
Ministry of Public Security (MOPS/INP) 
Zabala Innovation Consulting, SA (ZABALA) 

Spain
Spain
Spain
France
Poland
Italy
Austria
Israel
Turkey
Austria
Spain
Israel
France
Israel
Spain

84

m
o
c
e
m

.

i
t
s
m
a
e
r
D
1
n
a
m
o
n
o
J
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

EVIDENCE / European Informatics Data Exchange Framework for 
Courts and Evidence

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

608185

Total Cost   

€ 2,303,648

EU Contribution   

€ 1,924,589  

Starting Date   

01/03/2014

Duration    

32 months

EVIDENCE aims to provide a roadmap for the system-

EVIDENCE has several research work packages, each 

atic and uniform application of new technologies in 

led  by  an  experienced  project  member  responsible 

the collection, use and exchange of evidence. This will 

for clearly delineated, measurable deliverables. The 

incorporate standardised solutions to create efficient 

packages represent four distinct work streams which 

regulation, treatment and exchange of digital evidence 

build on and inform each other:

for law enforcement agencies (LEAs), judges, prosecu-

tors and lawyers in the criminal field. This should lead 

» Status Quo Analysis (WP2, WP3, WP4, WP6, WP8),

to a common european framework to gather, use and 

exchange digital evidence (e-evidence) according to com-

» Technical Functionalities development (WP5), 

CONSIGLIO NAZIONALE 

mon standards and rules.

DELLE RICERCHE - 

» Impact and Testing (WP5, WP7), and

NATIONAL RESEARCH 

To produce the roadmap the following objectives are 

COUNCIL OF ITALY 

considered essential:

» Road Map (WP9).

(CNR-ITTIG ) 

Institute of Legal Informa-

tion Theory and Techniques 

» Development of a common and shared understanding 
of what electronic evidence is, and the relevant con-

Results

of the National Research 

cepts of electronic evidence in involved domains and 

The EVIDENCE (European Informatics Data Exchange 

Council of Italy (ITTIG)

related fields (digital forensics, criminal law, criminal 

Framework for Courts and Evidence) project made sig-

Via De’ Barucci 20

procedure, criminal international cooperation);

nificant progress in the electronic evidence domain.

50127 - Florence- Italy

Contact

Maria Angela Biasiotti 

» Understanding of which rules and criteria are utilised 
for processing electronic evidence in EU Member States, 

Its main results are the following products:

Tel : +39 055 4399683

and how the exchange of evidence is regulated;

» EVIDENCE2e-Codex project, which implemented a com-
mon European framework for the harmonised handling 

Mobile: +39 3393511657 

Fax : +39 055 4399605 

E-mail : mariangela.biasiotti@

» Identification of the criteria and standards necessary 
for guaranteeing reliability, integrity and chain of cus-

of electronic evidence during its entire lifecycle, includ-

ing the collection, preservation, use, and exchange of 

ittig.cnr.it

tody required for electronic evidence in the EU and 

electronic evidence 

Website: www.ittig.cnr.it

eventually its exchange across borders;

» Definition of operational and ethical implications for 

LEAs all over Europe;

» e-CODEX established a proven digital infrastructure 
that supports the exchange of data between legal 

authorities for cross border legal procedures in civil 

and criminal Law 

» Identification and development of technological func-
tionalities for a common European framework in gath-

ering and exchanging electronic evidence.

» EXEC Project enabled participating Member States to 
exchange European Investigation Orders (EIO) and 

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Ordinary Crime and Forensic 
 
EVIDENCE

85

related  e-evidence  electronically  through  existing 

national back-end solutions or the “Reference Imple-

mentation” provided by the European Commission. The 

building blocks of e-CODEX (i.e., DOMIBUS Gateway and 

Connector) constructed the exchange infrastructure to 

facilitate electronic deliveries of EIO and e-evidence

» The project’s output was piloted in a real life criminal 
justice use case by those Ministries of Justice with 

experience in the digital exchange of EIO and MLA; 

this verified the challenges and gaps that need to be 

bridged and will prepare for the system’s extension to 

all  Member States

PARTNERS 

Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR-ITTIG and CNR-IRPPS) 
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen (RUG) 
International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol)  
Leibniz Universität Hannover (LUH)  
Laboratorio di Scienze della Cittadinanza (LSC) 
Universita ta Malta (UoM) 
Centre d’Excellence en Technologies de l’Information et de la Communication (CETIC) 
Law and Internet Foundation (LIF) 
Conseil des Barreaux Européens AISBL (CCBE) 

COUNTRY

Italy
The Netherlands
France
Germany
Italy
Malta
Belgium
Bulgaria
Belgium

86

.

m
o
c
o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

-

n
a
s
k
a
m

i
l

e
s
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

LINKSCH / Grasping the Links in the Chain : Understanding the 
Unintended Consequences of International Counter-Narcotics Measures for the EU

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

285073

Total Cost   

€ 1,067,166.80

EU Contribution  

€ 881,742.20

Starting Date  

01/02/2012

End Date 

 31/01/2015

UNIVERSITY OF  

GLASGOW

School of Humanities

2 University Gardens

Glasgow University

G12 8QQ Glasgow, 

United Kingdom

Contact

» design a model of current market dynamics along key 
illicit commodity chains that currently affect the EU; 

This project aimed to develop a model of unintended 

consequences utilizing the conceptual prisms of global 

commodity chain theory and hybrid political regimes, 

» arrive at a typology of unintended consequences gen-
erated by current policy as it interfaces at numerous 

and treating the current prohibition regime as a hybrid 

political system running from closed to open access 

points along these two chains, taking into account 

orders. This process incorporated both a survey and sum-

both national and international efforts at control and 

mary of current state of the art thinking on unintended 

prohibition; 

consequences of the contemporary prohibition regime, 

and a series of clearly targeted research questions which 

» investigate via empirical investigation (fieldwork) the 
actual scale and nature of the most harmful of these 

were pursued in active fieldwork across Morocco, Tur-

key, Russia, Afghanistan and Kazakhstan. Audiences to 

unintended consequences, with a view to generating 

be engaged with during this process included NGOs, 

policy recommendations for improving them; 

international agencies, government bodies and local 

» and disseminate the results of this research to a wide 
variety of key audiences in fora that will also accom-

seeked to compare the soft and the hard end of the illicit 

drug spectrum and to look at policy activities beyond 

modate comparative data from studies of related areas 

the immediately obvious ones of prohibition and harm 

communities. The work was novel in the manner that 

Alexander Graham 

(the cocaine trade for example).

reduction.

Marshall

Tel  : +44 141 330 8581

Mobile : +44 07501986739

Fax  : +44 141 330 5000

E-mail  : alexander.marshall@

glasgow.ac.uk

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Ordinary Crime and Forensic 
 
 
 
LINKSCH

87

Results

Regarding the unintended consequences of drug policy 

for countries connected with EU illicit drug consumption 

(hashish from Morocco, heroin from Afghanistan), the 

LINKSCH project produced a 169,000-word final report. 

This included 17 specific policy recommendations, 3 

suggestions for further funded research, alongside (to 

date) four published articles disseminating the work of 

the consortium, a major dissemination conference in 

Brussels in 2014 and a project website for analysis and 

discussion. Further books and articles from the LINKSCH 

project are expected for the future.

PARTNERS 

University of Glasgow (UGLA) 
Virtual Hand Research (VHR) 
CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE (CNRS) 
Coventry University (CBS) 
SCHOOL OF ORIENTAL AND AFRICAN STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF LONDON (SOAS) 
THORNLEY MANSFIELD LTD (MANSF) 
UNIVERSITAET POTSDAM (POTSDAM) 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
The Netherlands
France
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Germany

88

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

MEPROCS / New methodologies and protocols of forensic 
identification by craniofacial superimposition

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

285624

Total Cost   

€ 1,199,750 

EU Contribution   

€ 1,005,800 

Starting Date   

01/02/2012

Duration    

24 months

Fundación para el  

Progreso del Soft  

Computing (ECSC) 

Applications of Fuzzy Logic 

and Evolutionary  

Algorithms Research Unit

Quirós, s/n

33600, Mieres, Asturias, 

Spain

Contact

The MEPROCS project aims to propose a common EU 

framework to allow the extensive application of the 

craniofacial superimposition (CS) technique in practical 

1. Analysis of the existing methods and procedures 
in the field of CS-based forensic identification.  
A review of the state of the art in forensic identification 

forensic identification scenarios commonly tackled by 

from skeletal remains by CS will be addressed, identify-

European scientific police units. 

ing all the reported applications of the CS technique, 

including materials, protocols, methods and tools used.

This framework will include: 

» the implementation of an existing semi-automatic 
method to assist the forensic experts in the applica-

2. Consolidation of the network. 
Engage new stakeholders by contacting the most repre-

sentative forensic anthropology labs, researchers, and 

tion of the CS technique, resulting in a simple, quick, 

end-users, in order to expand the implementation of the 

and systematic approach; 

network and widen its scope.

» the definition of standard protocols at European level, 
leading to the objective application of the CS technique 

C/ Gonzalo Gutiérrez  

in different forensic identification scenarios; and 

»  the specification of a forensic science methodology to 
provide an objective evaluation of the forensic iden-

3. Establishment of specific protocols for the ap-
plication of CS to different scenarios.
Identify the different scenarios where CS has been ap-

plied, reporting common problems, number of tackled 

and solved cases, predominant scenarios and reliability. 

Advantages and disadvantages of the different proce-

tification results achieved by CS, avoiding particular 

dures followed by the end-users in the network will be 

Sergio Damas Arroyo

assumptions that could bias the process. Hence, the 

discussed. Standard protocols for each kind of scenario 

Tel : +34 985 45 65 45

project clearly promotes the validation and exchange 

(missing people, mass disasters, etc.) will be defined. 

Fax : +34 985 45 66 99

of CS protocols and methodologies among different 

E-mail : sergio.damas@

organisations.

softcomputing.es

Website: www.meprocs.eu

4. Specification of validation techniques. 
Study previous approaches to propose semi-automatic 

methods to asses CS results. Special focus will be placed 

on analysing ethical and legal issues concerning scientific 

use of identification cases. Finally, the robustness and 

accuracy of the automatic CS method will be assessed 

through experiments over all the identification cases 

available. 

5. Global CS forensic identification framework 
definition. 
Design of a CS-based methodological framework that 

can be easily distributed and accessed by stakeholders, 

and evaluation of its performance.

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Ordinary Crime and ForensicMEPROCS

89

6. Dissemination and training. 
We will work on improving communication between the 

Results

different communities involved. Events to train end-users 

» Definition of standard protocols for the application of 

in the proposed automatic CS-based forensic identifica-

CS to different scenarios;

tion framework will be organised. The visibility of the 

project results will be promoted, and a handbook on the 

» Specification of objective and automatic validation 

CS identification framework published. 

techniques for the CS identification results

» Promotion of the application of the resulting CS-based 
forensic identification methodological framework

» Enhancement of the cooperation among forensic an-
thropologists, technical researchers, and end-users

» Enhancement of the CS forensic identification technique

PARTNERS 

European Centre for Soft Computing - ECSC 
Consorci di Ricerca Sistemi ad Agenti - CORISA 
European Council of Legal Medicine - ECLM 
University of Granada  - UGR 
Israel National Police (Ministry of Public Security) - INP 
Forensic Sciences Centre (Universidade de Coimbra) - FSC 
Guardia Civil (Ministerio del Interior)  - GC 

COUNTRY

Spain
Italy
Portugal
Spain
Israel
Portugal
Spain

90

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

s
e
g
a
m
ffi
o
r

l

©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

MIDAS / The development and validation of a rapid millifluidic DNA 
analysis system for forensic casework samples

E
A
C
O
C
©

242345

Total Cost   

€ 4,688,674.80

EU Contribution  

€ 3,231,404.60 

Starting Date  

01/09/2010

Duration 

36 months

Solihull Parkway

B37 7YN

United Kingdom

Contact

Cecilia Buffery

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Work Package 2 – Prototype development
Develop and evaluate the prototype DNA analysis device. 

The objective of the project is to specify and develop a 

The instrument will be developed to meet the technical 

working instrument for the rapid analysis of DNA from 

specifications as defined by the Technical Specification 

samples recovered from a scene of crime. The system will 

Board (TSB) in WP1 and tested against the agreed ac-

be simple to use and require a single input from the user. 

ceptance criteria. Any optimisation of the final system 

The system will be “closed” and will operate on a fully 

will take place here and implemented changes will be 

automated basis such that a sample is simply introduced 

re-evaluated.

into the instrument and no further sample manipulation 

is required from the individual. The development of a 

closed system for the DNA as described above brings a 

FORENSIC SCIENCE  

number of advantages to the field of forensic science.

SERVICE LTD

Research and Development

The core scientific and technical objectives of MiDAS 

Birmingham Business Park, 

are therefore to : 

Work Package 3 – Instrument and software vali-
dation 
Validate the prototype instrument delivered from WP2 in 

accordance with the validation plan delivered in WP1. 

Work Package 4 – Process Integration 
Define the process whereby the instrument is integrated 

» Develop an agreed technical specification for the in-

into the forensic organisation and how it will integrate 

strument and consumables;

» Deliver a prototype integrated instrument for validation; 
» Evaluate the instrument in accordance with the valida-

with current processes. An understanding of the tech-

nological, organisational and human implications of im-

plementation will allow an assessment of the impact 

Tel. : +44 1256771521

tion plan and user requirement;

to be made.

Mobile : +44 7824 434158

» Evaluate the instrument and cartridge designs to en-

Fax : +44 1256771521

sure they are fit for manufacture;

E-mail : Cecilia.buffery@ 

» Evaluate the legal requirements for sample handling 

fss.pnn.police.uk

and data transfer and protection;

Work  Package  5  –  System  Validation  & 
Implementation 
Define, agree and deliver the system validation. This 

Website  : www.forensic.gov.uk

» Determine system validation strategies for each of 

process is likely to be different in different jurisdictions. It 

the participant member states.

is essential therefore to incorporate knowledge from all 

Description of the work 

the end user partners in the consortium and to identify 

those parties interested in early implementation of the 

instrument to their own process.

Work Package 1 – Technical Specification
Define and agree the specification for a cartridge-based 

fully integrated millifluidic device for forensic DNA analy-

Work Package 6 – Data Protection
Define, agree and deliver the Data Protection required 

sis. Calling on all project participants to draw on their 

by the project to industry standards and EU guidelines.

own fields of expertise, WP1 will ensure the system is 

defined so as to fulfil internationally agreed guidelines 

for the analysis of DNA in a forensic context. 

Work Package 7 – Device and System Scalability
Produce a number of strategic plans to allow the device 

to be developed allowing it to be commercially viable 

and to consider manufacturability. 

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Ordinary Crime and Forensic 
 
 
 
MIDAS

91

Work Packages 8 and 9 – Dissemination and Ex-
ploitation ; Project Management
Work Package 8 (Dissemination & Exploitation) together 

Results

MiDAS will deliver simple to operate automated DNA 

with Work Package 9 (Project Management and Reporting 

analysis technology and will validate this technology and 

to the EC) will ensure effective project management and 

associated processes required for its implementation, 

communication with the EC.

enabling forensic DNA analysis to be carried out at the 

crime scene. With fast results authorities will have the op-

Work in WP8 will also evaluate the impact the successful 

portunity to rapidly compare the scene samples against 

implementation of a rapid DNA analysis system might 

DNA profiles from known criminals or results from other 

have on society as a whole.

crime scenes held in national DNA databases. The project 

will have dramatic implications for both criminal justice 

and international security, with the ability to deliver vital 

intelligence results much more quickly both in a national 

sense and across the EU.

PARTNERS 

Forensic Science Service Ltd (FSS)  
Grid Xitek Limited (GXD) 
Medizinische Universitaet Innsbruck (IMU) 
Bundeskriminalamt (BKA) 
Netherlands Forensic Institute (NFI) 
Arizona Board of Regents (University of Arizona- UoA) 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Austria
Germany
The Netherlands
United States

92

ODYSSEY /  Strategic pan-European ballistics intelligence platform 
for combating organised crime and terrorism  

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

s
i
v
a
D
t
h
g
w
D
©

i

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives 

Results 

218237

Total Cost   

€ 3,848,383.54 

EU Contribution  

€ 2,395,000 

Starting Date  

01/11/2008

End date 

30/04/2011

SHEFFIELD HALLAM 

UNIVERSITY

Howard Street 

UK - S1 1WB Sheffield 

United Kingdom

Contact

Professor B. Akhgar

The ODYSSEY project undertook to research and develop 

The ODYSSEY project established that sharing data about 

a secure platform for the sharing of information about 

gun crime between authorities and jurisdictions is techni-

gun-crime throughout the EU. 

cally feasible, and would bring operational benefits. These 

benefits would arise from the creation of trans-national 

The main project objectives were:

data sets that could be manipulated using advanced data 

» creation of European standards for ballistics data col-

lection, storage and sharing;

» demonstration of a secure, interoperable platform for 
the management of crime information and the sharing 

of ballistic intelligence;

» development of techniques for the mining of data and 
extraction of knowledge about gun crime across the EU;

mining techniques to reveal hitherto hidden information.

The bedrock of these findings was the creation of a 

potential set of new EU standards for gun crime data 

defined by their own data structures, taxonomies and 

ontologies.  These can now be taken onward to CEN, one 

of the EU’s technical standards organisations, or ISO for 

evaluation and use.

A working prototype – an automated interoperable plat-

form for data sharing – was also tested. It consisted of 

a secure platform for the management of crime infor-

mation and the sharing of ballistics intelligence. It was 

Tel : +44 (0) 114 225 6770 

Fax : +44 (0) 114 225 6931 

» exploitation  of  automated  and  semi-automated  
processing and analysis of crime data to generate 

E-mail : b.akhgar@shu.ac.uk 

‘red flags’ and analysis of complex data with multiple 

tested to assess its ability to provide analysis, situation 

Website :  

reference models;

www.odyssey-project.eu

awareness and threat monitoring functionality. This was 

supported by a distributed technological infrastructure 

» improved mutual co-operation, security and sustain-

to store metadata in a semantic format for advanced 

ability across the EU.

querying and analysis.

As well as demonstrating automated ‘red flag’ functions, 

the tests also highlighted the possibility of expanding 

such a secure platform into other forensic areas such 

as DNA, fingerprints and physical evidence and other 

cross border policing domains such as human trafficking.

Odyssey thus demonstrated through its prototype the 

potential for a federated system to provide cost and time 

savings, as compared to current cross-EU processes.

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Ordinary Crime and Forensic 
 
 
 
 
ODYSSEY

93

PARTNERS 

SHEFFIELD HALLAM UNIVERSITY (SHU) 
AN GARDA SIOCHANA (AGS) 
ATOS ORIGIN SOCIEDAD ANONIMA ESPANOLA (Atos) 
ECOLE ROYALE MILITAIRE - KONINKLIJKE MILITAIRE SCHOOL (RMA) 
EUROPEAN POLICE OFFICE (EUR) 
FORENSIC PATHWAYS LIMITED (FPL) 
MINISTERIO DELL’INTERNO (DAC) 
MIP - CONSORZIO PER L’INNOVAZIONE NELLA GESTIONE DELLE IMPRESE  
E DELLA PUBBLICA AMMINISTRAZIONE (MIP) 
North Yorkshire Police Authority (North Yorkshire Police) 
SAS SOFTWARE LIMITED (SAS) 
SESA - COMMERCE HANDELSGMBH (SESA) 
WEST MIDLANDS POLICE AUTHORITY (WMP) 
XLAB RAZVOJ PROGRAMSKE OPREME IN SVETOVANJE D.O.O. (XLAB) 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
Ireland
Spain
Belgium
The Netherlands
United Kingdom
Italy

Italy
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Austria
United Kingdom
Slovenia

94

SAVELEC / Safe control of non-cooperative vehicles through 
electromagnetic means

C
E
L
E
V
A
S
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

285202

Total Cost   

€ 4,253,993

EU Contribution  

€ 3,321,749

Starting Date  

01/01/2012

Duration 

40 months

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

An in-depth technology review of the available state-of-

the-art technology that may be considered as a refer-

SAVELEC aims to provide a solution for the external 

ence to follow for generating the signals needed for the 

and safe control of a non-cooperative vehicle with no 

project’s activities will be performed afterwards. This will 

consequences for the persons inside the vehicle or other 

consist of waveform generation and modulation, high-

persons and objects nearby. The proposed solution is 

power amplifiers, power sources and ultra directional 

based on the use of electromagnetic means in order to 

radiating elements, high bandwidth and the ability to 

disrupt the correct functioning of the electronic compo-

withstand high-power signals. In addition, a series of 

nents inside the vehicle, which will make it slow down and 

activities are planned to review the electronic architec-

stop. The SAVELEC approach is based on the premise of 

tures and systems in cars and light commercial vehicles, 

obtaining an optimized solution in terms of field strength, 

providing a list of vulnerabilities regarding electromag-

INSTITUTO DE  

ensuring the solution complies with EU guidelines regard-

netic coupling effects ranked according to their expected 

APLICACIONES DE LAS 

ing human exposure to electromagnetic fields.

effectiveness for the following test bench experiments.

TECNOLOGÍAS DE LA 

INFORMACIÓN Y DE 

The ultimate purpose of the project is to design and 

The test bench experiments will consist of defining, design-

LAS COMUNICACIONES 

build a car-stopper prototype to validate the technology. 

ing and building automotive test bench architecture for 

AVANZADAS

A real demonstration on cars going along a controlled 

electrical measurements. Additionally, a specific set-up 

Advanced Projects and 

track will be performed to assess the technology in a 

for generating a wide range of electromagnetic signals 

Testing Area

Camino de Vera s/n

realistic scenario. 

will be prepared. These two elements will be used to 

perform a wide range of EMC experiments on sensors, 

46022 Valencia, Spain

The involvement of security forces as end-users in the 

electronics, wires and communications in order to identify 

Contact

project is a key factor as regards the need to have re-

the optimized type of signal that could lead to stopping 

Francisco Javier Díaz 

alistic information about the use-cases, scenarios and 

the car as a consequence of the electromagnetic coupling.

Jiménez

Tel  : +34 963 877 278

operational parameters.

Some additional considerations of more legal and safety 

Mobile  : +34 963 877 278

SAVELEC will propose a regulatory framework regard-

aspects will be evaluated in the scope of collateral effects 

Fax  : +34 963 877 279

ing the use of the technology by EU security bodies in 

regarding the use of this kind of electromagnetic means : 

E-mail  :  

their daily missions.

francisco-javier.diaz@

itaca-ct.es

Website :  

Description of the work 

human exposure to electromagnetic fields (user, target 

and persons in close proximity), explosive atmosphere 

exposure to electromagnetic fields and an assessment 

of the drivers’ reaction once the car goes into abnormal 

www.savelec-project.eu

The work programme will start with an assessment of the 

behaviour mode. In addition to this, specific legal and 

use-cases and scenarios that will lead to the definition 

ethical studies will be carried out regarding the use of 

of a set of operational requirements. These activities 

this kind of electromagnetic means by security forces. A 

will be performed in close cooperation with the end-user 

regulatory framework will be sketched out and proposed.

panel made up of a group of security bodies from Spain, 

France, Germany and Greece.

Taking into consideration all the aforementioned out-

comes, a breadboard-level prototype car-stopper device 

will be designed, manufactured and validated in an op-

erational environment.

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Ordinary Crime and ForensicCoordinatorInformation 
 
SAVELEC

95

Results

SAVELEC will make technology available that could be 

used by law enforcement agencies in their daily mis-

sions to stop and control non-cooperative land vehicles 

at distance, safeguarding all the legal and ethical con-

siderations that may arise from the use of this kind of 

technology. An extrapolation to the case of maritime 

missions could follow.

SAVELEC will demonstrate the new technology’s added 

value  to  law  enforcement  agencies  as  regards  their 

daily operations. The project will raise awareness among  

policy-makers and help develop the proper legal framework. 

PARTNERS 

INSTITUTO DE APLICACIONES DE LAS TECNOLOGIAS DE LA INFORMACION  
Y DE LAS COMUNICACIONES AVANZADAS (ITACA) 
DEUTSCHES ZENTRUM FUER LUFT - UND RAUMFAHRT EV (DLR) 
MBDA FRANCE SAS (MBDA) 
IMST GMBH (IMST) 
TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTE OF PIRAEUS (TEIP) 
BCB INFORMÁTICA Y CONTROL S.L. (BCB) 
STATENS VAG- OCH TRANSPORTFORSKNINGSINSTITUT (VTI) 
OTTO-VON-GUERICKE-UNIVERSITAET MAGDEBURG (OVGU) 
AKADEMIA OZBROJENYCH SIL GENERALA MILANA RASTISLAVA STEFANIKA (AOS) 
HELLENIC AEROSPACE INDUSTRY SA (HAI) 

COUNTRY

Spain
Germany
France
Germany
Greece
Spain
Sweden
Germany
Slovakia
Greece

96

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SMARTPRO / Lightweight, flexible and smart protective clothing for 
law enforcement personnel

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

The concept of SMARTPRO lies in the development of 

The work in SMARTPRO addresses the following:

lightweight and flexible protective clothing, incorporating 

smart functionalities and designated for law enforce-

ment authorities.

» Development of optimized protective (ballistic/ stab 
resistant) textile and composite structures, including 

woven and 3D knitted textiles structures, fish scale-type 

Modern body armours still have some of the same draw-

composites and innovative hybrid structures made of 

backs as the old ones, as they are mostly heavy, bulky 

synthetic polymer nanofiber composites. 

and rigid. They limit the wearer’s mobility and agility 

and are impractical for use on joints, arms, legs, etc. 

MATERIALS INDUSTRIAL 

Also, body armours have traditionally been designed to 

» Development and application of innovative surface 
treatments aiming to improve textiles performance on 

protect the wearer against ballistic threats and, thus, 

an areal density basis. These include surface applica-

they provide only a limited level of protection against 

tion of shear thickening fluids, ceramic coatings, dila-

knives, sharp blades or sharp-tipped weapons. 

tant powders, carbide nanoparticles and cross-linkable 

Eleftheriou Venizelou 4

Recent studies reveal that stab and puncture have be-

176 76, Kallithea, Athens, 

come a main cause of police officers’ injuries. There is 

an obvious need to develop materials that combine stab 

side-functionalized aromatic polymers.

» Optimized assembly of the protective panel aiming 
to achieve maximum protection at minimum weight 

and ballistic protection, while retaining their flexibility 

and cost.

and low weight.

» Development and integration of smart systems, in-
cluding wearable GPS, electrocardiogram, temperature 

and gas sensors.

» Ergonomic design of the body armour, considering 

also modularity.

» Prototypes development.

607295

Total Cost   

€ 3,777,451.27 

EU Contribution  

€ 2,741,826.52

Starting Date  

01/04/2014

Duration 

42 months

RESEARCH AND TECH-

NOLOGY CENTER S.A. 

(MIRTEC)

R&D – Athens Branch

Greece

Contact

Silvia Pavlidou  

Tel  : +30 210 9234932

Mobile  : +30 6944639248

Fax  : +30 210 9235603

E-mail  :  

s.pavlidou@ebetam.gr

Website : www.ebetam.gr

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Ordinary Crime and ForensicCoordinatorInformation 
SMARTPRO

97

Results

last two proved the most effective. Treated fabrics were 

combined with untreated Kevlar layers and protective 

SMARTPRO led to the development of lightweight, ergo-

panels were manufactured to meet the protection re-

nomically designed body armour for law enforcement 

quirements, while weighing around 5.8 kg/m2. The new 

personnel that incorporates smart systems. Prototypes 

panels exhibit lower environmental impact compared to 

were produced and evaluated by end-users participating 

a reference panel consisting of untreated Kevlar layers.  

in the consortium.

Smart systems were also developed, in particular heart 

A main target was to develop light protective panels 

rate sensors, novel nanowire gas sensors and textile 

providing both ballistic resistance (Level IIIA) and stab 

antennas. These were integrated into a prototype body 

resistance (Level 1), per end-user requirements. Using 

armour -- a modular, ergonomic design for riot police 

woven Kevlar® as the basic protective fabric, alterna-

and special-unit body armours developed through close 

tive surface treatments were developed and applied 

collaboration with manufacturers and end-users. 

to improve its efficiency on an areal density basis. The 

treatments included: synthesis and application of shear 

Prototypes were manufactured in different sizes for male 

thickening fluids, application of dilatant polymer coat-

and female officers (the possibility to adapt the panel’s 

ings, application of ceramic/metallic coatings by ther-

shape was demonstrated), including spacer fabrics as 

mal spraying, application of SiC particles (along with 

liners for improved comfort.  A self-cleaning outer fabric 

polyurethane and nanofibrous web and synthesis) and 
application of a cross-linkable aromatic polymer. The 

was developed through the application of a photocata-
lytic polymer. 

PARTNERS 

European Commission (EC) 
Materials Industrial Research and Technology Center S.A. (MIRTEC) 
Acondicionamiento Tarrasense Associacion (LEITAT) 
Next Technology Tecnotessile Società Nazionale di Ricerca r.l. (NTT) 
Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH) 
Kostas Siamidis AE (SIAMIDIS) 
Rheinisch-Westfaelische Technische Hochschule Aachen (RWTH) 
B.C.B International Limited (BCB International Lt) 
Soliani EMC SRL (SOLIANI) 
E. CIMA SA (CIMA) 
Departament d’Interior - Generalitat de Catalunya (INT) 

COUNTRY

Belgium
Greece
Spain
Italy
Greece
Greece
Germany
United Kingdom
Italy
Spain
Spain

98

CAPER /  Collaborative information, Acquisition, Processing, Exploitation 
and Reporting for the prevention of organised crime 

E
A
C
O
C
©

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

n
o
n
g
a
G
e
s
i
u
o
L
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

261712

Total Cost   

€ 7,143,920.80 

EU Contribution  

€ 5,579,346 

Starting Date  

01/07/2011

End Date 

31/10/2014

The goal of the CAPER project was to create a common 

platform for the prevention of organised crime through 

sharing, exploitation and analysis of information sources. 

The CAPER platform consisted of six core elements :
Open and Closed Data Sources : Multi-format, multi-
media and multimodal information from open sources, 

CAPER supported collaborative multilingual analysis of 

TV and Radio capture, and information in closed legacy 

audiovisual content (video, audio, speech and images) 

systems are the data sources to be mined and evalu-

and biometrics information, supported by Visual Analytics 

ated by CAPER.

and Data Mining technologies. The integration of data-

base technologies, application workflow and semantic 

modelling of processes, and legal and privacy limitations, 

Data Acquisition : Depending on the information source 
type, different acquisition patterns were applied to ensure 

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

S21SEC INFORMATION 

permitted participating Law Enforcement Authorities 

acquired information as a suitable format for analysis. 

SECURITY LABS S.L.

(LEA) to share information and investigative and ex-

R&D

periential knowledge. The CAPER platform was built in 

Parque empresarial la 

close collaboration with the LEA users in order to fulfil 

Information  Analysis :  Each  analysis  module  was 
geared towards a specific content type, i.e. text, image, 

Muga, 11 1a planta

their current and forthcoming needs. The project was 

video, audio and speech or biometric data.

31160 Orkoien

clearly focused on the fusion and real validation of the 

Spain

Contact

Carlos MONREAL

Tel  : +34948100013

Mobile  : +34 607 370 017

Fax : +34948336930

E-mail :  

cmonreal@s21sec.com

Website : www.s21sec.com/

existing state of the art, coupled with innovative new 

technologies, to solve current bottlenecks faced by LEAs.

Information and Reference Repositories : Both source 
data when required, and the information mined by the 

information analysis modules, were stored in these re-

positories, separated by content type. 

Interoperability and Management Application : This 
was the end users’ workbench. Built on a web based 

collaborative platform, it allowed the Law Enforcement 

Officers to create and configure their monitoring requests 

and analysis petitions. 

Visual Analytics (VA) and Data Mining (DM) : Grouped 
under the management application, the VA and DM ele-

ments were key components of the CAPER platform, since 

they provided the intelligence necessary to support the 

outputs of the system. 

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Organised crimeInformation 
 
 
 
 
CAPER

99
99

Results

CAPER created a notable cooperative atmosphere in 

by a set of graphic tools to be visualized by information 

which technical staff and LEAs can work in the same 

analysts. In support to the technology development, the 

direction. In the workshops organized, LEAs shared their 

ethical analysis contributed to the creation and imple-

expertise and knowledge with the rest of the consortium 

mentation of a regulatory model which is a new, practical 

and generated a fruitful network, resulting from helpful 

and plausible ethical and legal framework for security 

cooperation during the project. The platform developed 

projects and for users’ data protection.

in CAPER captures a wide range of information types 

from open sources, analyzing and presenting it by a set 

of visualization tools. Specifically, it is able to collect vast 

amounts of data in different formats (texts, images, au-

dios and videos) from publicly available sources, such as 

Web and social media networks. Then, it analyzes these 

datasets, applying a semantic analysis and transforming 

them into a knowledge repository that can be exploited  

PARTNERS 

S21Sec Information Security Labs S.L. (S21sec) 
Asociación Centro de Tecnologías de Interacción Visual y Comunicaciones Vicomtech (VICOM) 
Fraunhofer – Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandt (Fraunhofer-IGD) 
Synthema (Synthema) 
VOICEINTERACTION – Tecnologias de Processamento de Fala, S.A. (VI) 
ALTIC 
Technion – Israel Institute of Technology (Technion) 
Angel Iglesias S.A.- IKUSI (IKUSI) 
Alma Consulting Group SAS (Alma) 
Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche - Institute for Informatics and Telematica (IIT) 
Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB)  
Studio Professionale Associato a Baker & McKenzie (BAK)  
Ministero dell’Interno - Servizio Polizia Postale e delle Comunicazioni  
(Postal and Communications Police Service) (PCPS) 
Serviciul de Informaţii Externe (External Intelligence Service) (SIE) 
Polìcia Judiciària (Judicial Police) (PJ) 
Guardia Civil (Civil Guard) (GC) 

COUNTRY

Spain
Spain
Germany
Italy
Portugal
France
Israel
Spain
France
Italy
Spain
Italy

Italy
Romania
Portugal
Spain

 
 
100

.

m
o
c
o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

-

a
g
a

i
l

A
a
n
e
E
©

l

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

CONPHIRMER / Counterfeit Pharmaceuticals Interception using 
Radiofrequency Methods in Realtime 

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

261670

Total Cost   

€ 3,599,540 

EU Contribution  

€ 2,634,489 

Starting Date  

01/07/2011

End Date 

31/12/2014

The members of the CONPHIRMER consortium had come 

The consortium utilized a form of radio frequency spec-

together to create a portable and easy-to-use sensor for 

troscopy known as Quadrupole Resonance (QR). This 

telling genuine medicines from fakes, which customs offic-

technology has been developed and deployed for the 

ers and other agents of law enforcement could use with-

detection of concealed explosives and landmines and is 

out having to remove the medicines from their packaging. 

considered human safe.

With this device agencies charged with tackling the growing 

menace of the trafficking in counterfeit medicines were 

QR is a radiofrequency (RF) spectroscopic technique that 

able to screen packaged pharmaceuticals at EU borders 

can detect signals through multiple layers of cardboard, 

and airports quickly and accurately, using a non-invasive 

glass, plastic and/or wood. QR can analyse any compound 

KING’S COLLEGE LONDON

and non-destructive technology that uses only harmless 

containing a quadrupolar nucleus, which accounts for over 

radio waves.

Engineering

Strand

WC2R 2LS London

United Kingdom

Contact

Kaspar Althoefer

Tel : +44 (0)20 7848 2431

Mobile : +44 (0)77 888 7 555 3

Fax : +44 (0)20 7848 2932

E-mail : k.althoefer@kcl.ac.uk

Website : www.conphirmer.eu

50 % of elements in the periodic table, and, in particular, 

it is ideally suited for the analysis of compounds contain-

ing nitrogen, chlorine or bromine, sodium and potassium, 

which includes over 80 % of all drugs.

The consortium developed  a portable QR-based medicines 

authentication device tailored to the needs of customs 

officers operating at EU borders in parallel with identify-

ing the QR characteristics of medicines that afford the 

best discrimination between real and fake medicines. QR 

“fingerprints” based on these key characteristics were put 

together to form a database that was of use not only on 

the CONPHIRMER device, but in all analytical applications 

of QR for medicines authentication.

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Organised crime 
 
 
 
 
CONPHIRMER

101

Results

A portable QR-based medicines authentication device.  

This device allows customs officers and others to test 

Successful field trials took place during 24 – 28 No-

postal packages to ensure the actual medicines’ content 

vember 2014 at a postal sorting facility near Warsaw 

matches that stated on the CN22 without the need to re-

Chopin Airport, in Warsaw, Poland. The tangible outputs 

move the medicines from their packaging; and the ability 

from the project are:

to do this on site, at sorting offices and/or border posts.

A method for generating a quadrupole resonance (QR) 

An RF transducer for QR-based medicines authentica-

fingerprint designed to add a new dimension to the speci-

tion.  This transducer has been designed specifically 

ficity and security of pharmaceutical packaging labelling, 

for use in authenticating packaged medicines with a 

adding chemical information about the medicine itself 

configuration matched to typical medicines packet forms.  

to the labelling, ensuring that its contents are secured, 

The radiofrequency field projected by the transducer is 

not just the packaging.

manipulated in such a way as to penetrate the packets 

to reach the medicines within.

PARTNERS 

King’s College London (KCL) 
French-German Research Institute of Saint-Louis (ISL) 
University of Ljubljana (IMFM) 
Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School (IPS) 
University of Lund (ULund) 
Rapiscan Systems Ltd (RSL) 
Polish Customs Service (PCS) 
Stelar SRL (STELAR)  
London South Bank University (LSBU) 
Bagtronics Ltd. (BAG)  

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
France/Germany
Slovenia
Slovenia
Sweden
United Kingdom
Poland
Italy
United Kingdom
United Kingdom

102

CUSTOM /  Drugs and precursor sensing by complementing low cost 
multiple techniques 

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

e
t
y
b
r
r
o
m
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

242387

Total Cost   

€ 5,295,523 

EU Contribution  

€ 3,486,406 

Starting Date  

01/06/2010

Duration 

36 months

The project aims to develop a chemical sensor able to 

A drug precursor sensor demonstrator, implementing 

perform chemical identifications in contexts such as cus-

two main techniques will be developed :

toms offices, where inspection of trucks, cars, containers, 

as well as people and baggage is required, in order to 

trace the distribution of illegal narcotics and synthetic 

» a low cost, high data throughput sensing technique, 
based on UV-Vis-NIR fluorescence which incorporates 

substances such as pseudoephedrine and ephedrine.

an array of different properly engineered chemical pro-

teins able to bind the target analytes as happens in 

The detection approach should use established tech-

an ‘immuno-type’ reaction ; and

niques so that it can provide unambiguous responses.

SELEX SISTEMI INTEGRATI 

S.P.A.

Contact

The project will focus on employing multiple techniques, 

» a highly sensitive and selective, compact and low 
weight,  spectroscopic  sensing  technique  in  Mid-IR 

integrating them in a complex system in a complimen-

optical range, based on Laser Photo-Acoustic Spec-

Anna Maria Fiorello

tary approach, in order to identify an optimum trade-off 

troscopy (LPAS). 

Tel : + 39 06 4150 3104

between opposite requirements : compactness, simplicity, 

Mobile : + 39 3351379733

low cost vs. sensitivity, low false alarm rate, selectivity.

Parallel efforts will be spent on : identifying proper sam-

E-mail :  

afiorello@selex-si.com

Website : www.selex-si.com

pling techniques for both vapour and powder phase com-

pounds ; collecting or, where not existing, building up a 

database of characteristic spectra for both measurement 

techniques.

m
o
t
s
u
C
©

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Organised crime 
 
 
 
 
CUSTOM

103

Results

to bind to the analytes with specific body-antibody 

interaction

Drug precursors are chemical substances widely used 

in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, fertilizer and other sectors 

The two sensors – together with a micro-fluidic circuit, a 

but can be very dangerous when diverted for the illicit 

pre-concentrator unit to increase detection sensitivity, a 

manufacturing of drugs.

microprocessor that includes advanced algorithms and 

database to reduce false alarms and improve selectivity, 

The final result of CUSTOM (Drugs and precursor sens-

a machine/user interface with easy-to-use touch screen 

ing by complementing low cost multiple techniques) is 

display and, finallym, a compact power supply unit – form 

a system able to detect traces of drug precursors such 

a modular and portable  system.

as ephedrine, safrole or benzyl methyl ketone (BMK).

The system implements two complementary sensing 

98% detection probability and a limit of detection be-

techniques: 

low ppm.

During its final demonstration the system achieved a 

» A high sensitive spectroscopic technique based on pho-
to-acoustic spectroscopy, able to drastically increase 

Given the high demand for illicit substance detection, a 

broad range of applications can now be envisaged for 

SNR in respect to standard spectroscopy 

CUSTOM’s technology. This includes control of incoming 

» A highly selective fluorescence enhanced by the use 
of purposely developed organic macro-molecules able 

and outgoing freight/cargo at airports, seaports and bor-
ders, passenger control at airports and seaports, stowed 

baggage inspection and other uses.

PARTNERS 

SELEX Sistemi Integrati S.p.A. 
GASERA 
University of TURKU 
INAS-Tecnalia 
Alcatel-Thales III-V Lab 
CNR IBP 
ENEA 
INSTM 
Aalto University Foundation 
Direction Nationale du Renseignement et des Enquêtes Douanières 

COUNTRY

Italy
Finland
Finland
Spain
France
Italy
Italy
Italy
Finland
France

104

DIRAC /  Rapid screening and identification of illegal drugs  
by IR absorption spectroscopy and gas chromatography

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

.

.

K
G
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

242309

Total Cost   

€ 4,256,753.33

EU Contribution  

€ 2,987,717 

Starting Date  

01/06/2010

End Date 

31/03/2014

CONSORZIO CREO  

CENTRO RICERCHE 

ELETTRO-OTTICHE

The goal of this project was to develop an advanced sensor 

system that combines miniaturized Gas Chromatogra-

phy (GC) as its key chemical separation tool, and Hollow-

The main Work Package (WP) active in phase 1  
was WP1, where a review was made of the target chemi-
cals (amphetamines, precursors, and street compounds) 

Fiber-based Infra Red Absorption Spectroscopy (HF-IRAS) 

and of the operational requirements for the sensor.

as its key analytical tool to recognize and detect illicit 

drugs and precursors. Currently, GC-IRAS (through FTIR 

implementation) is, together with GC-Mass Spectrometry, 

the most powerful technique for the identification and 

quantification of amphetamines. However, so far it has 

WPs active in phase 2 were  :
» WP2, where the sensing prototype was developed, 
with its strategies, procedures, and process controls;

been implemented only as bench-top instrumentation 

» WP3, that developed the sampling module, with its 

for forensic applications and bulk analysis. In DIRAC, the 

methods and procedures;

use of micromachined GC columns, solid state lasers, 

SS 17 Localita Boschetto

and hollow fibre IR, allow for developing a sensor that 

» WP4, that developed the pre-concentration module, 

L’Aquila 67100

features hand-portability and prompt response –for field 

with its methods and procedures;

Italy

Contact

operation– and is able to perform both bulk and trace 

analysis. The DIRAC sensor further features a) an advanced 

» WP5, that developed the HF-IRAS module, with its 

Sandro Mengali

sampling device, that separates the analyte from larger 

methods and procedures;

Tel : +39 0862346210 

amounts of materials by electrostatic charging ; and b), an 

Fax : +39 0862346201

advanced micro-machined pre-concentrator that treats 

» WP6, that developed the GC separation and detection 

Website  :  

sequentially both volatile ATS substances and non volatile 

module, with its methods and procedures;

www.consorziocreo.it

ammonium salts. 

» WP7, that developed the Expert System as a pattern 

recognition and learning machine.

Description of the work 

The main WP active in phase 3 was WP8, where the 
sensor was tested and validated in the lab and through 

The project was divided into into three phases as follows :

a small-scale field-campaign, and performance was as-

sessed quantitatively, that was in terms of False Positive 

» Phase 1 (6 months), where requirements were reviewed ;

and False Negative Probabilities. 

» Phase  2  (24  months),  where  the  sensor  was  
developed  together  with  its  sensing  modules,  

techniques and procedures ;

The Work-Plan further included a WP0 (Management) 
and a WP9 (dissemination and exploitation of results), 
both active throughout the project. 

» Phase 3 (12 months), where the sensor was tested, 

optimized and validated. 

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Organised crime 
 
 
 
DIRAC

105

Results

» The third collects solid particles, precipitating those 
that, like ATS, have higher proton affinity, and uses 

The project developed three prototypes of diverse and 

surface ionisation to detect amine groups. 

complementary sensing capabilities:

» The first accepts liquid and solid traces on a swab, 
and recognises high specificity precursors and ATS 

free bases and salts, including street samples. Data 

The three prototypes can, in principle, be combined into 

a unique sensor, by adding switching valves and fluidic 

bypasses. 

is processed by an expert system (ES) that compares 

A small scale demo was held by Customs at the Brussels 

the measure with a reference database (DB), and addi-

National Airport. The sensors were successfully tested with 

tionally searches for similarities between unknowns and 

negatives, precursors, and pre-precursors, including APAAN.  

classes of psychoactive substances defined in the DB. 

» The second analyses the air in search of volatile precur-
sors. Since GC separation is here bypassed, response 

According to end users, the DIRAC sensor can fill a market 

gap by enabling reliable detection and identification of 

precursors, particularly in the case of ‘big traces’ and 

is faster, although less accurate.

‘dirty’ environment, where IMS sensors are prone to 

saturation and false alarms. 

PARTNERS 

Consorzio CREO- Centro Ricerche Elettro-Ottiche  
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer) 
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche 
EADS Deutschland GMBH 
Selex Sistemi integrati SpA (SSI)  
ELSAG DATAMAT S.p.A. 
Universite de Lausanne 
Universitatea Dunarea de Jos Din Galati 
Institut National de Criminalistiek en Criminologie  
National Bureau of Investigation 
Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e la Tecnologia dei Materiali 

COUNTRY

Italy 
Germany
Italy
Germany
Italy
Italy
Switzerland
Romania
Belgium
Finland
Italy

106

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

EKSISTENZ /  Harmonized framework allowing a sustainable and 
robust identity for European citizens

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

607049

Total Cost   

€ 6,753,638

EU Contribution  

€3,482,175 

Starting Date  

01/06/2014

Duration 

36 months

The mission of EKSISTENZ is to deliver a comprehensive 

EKSISTENZ will combat identity theft, typically commit-

set of innovate and interoperable tools, procedures, meth-

ted via searching through recycled materials, phishing, 

ods and processes that will tackle identity theft in the EU.

spoofing, sending of scam emails or the targeted use of 

viruses, Trojans and key loggers. EKSISTENZ will do this 

The key objectives of EKSISTENZ are:

by creating a real and strong link between the citizen and 

» Develop innovative and interoperable components that 

protect EU citizens from identity thieves;

MORPHO (MPH)

Products and Innovation

» Assess the technical maturity of these tools by tak-
ing into account the outcome results of the proof of 

11 Boulevard Gallieni

concept in a linked government/services environment;

their primary identity document. It will:

» Strengthen the existing electronic-based primary iden-
tity document and associated bearer authentication 

method using biometric features and/or prior knowl-

edge about the legitimate holder;

» Derive secondary identities of citizens from their pri-

92445

92130 – Issy Les  

Moulineaux – France

Contact

Stéphane Caillebotte  

Tel : +33 1 58 11 34 26

» Strengthen citizen’s privacy by generating trusted and 
dedicated secondary identity in a way that avoids func-

mary identity document;

tion creep and crossing information between identities

» Verify primary and secondary identities, and the bear-

» Provide member states with the option to implement 

ers of such identities;

Mobile  : 33 6 43 85 49 45

these solution at national level;

Fax : +33 1 58 11 87 01

» Use the European network STORK in order to provide 
bilateral recognition solutions of primary identification 

E-mail  : stephane.caillebotte 

» Inform EU citizens of the methods in place to recover 

between EU Member States.

@morpho.com

her or his identity after theft;

Website  : www.morpho.com

» Detect identity fraud attempts and respond appro-

priately;

» Serve as a policy advisor to EU Member States;

» Build an identity theft think-tank community in coop-

eration with Interpol and Europol;

» Provide guidance to key actors via a European Obser-

vatory on identity theft..

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Organised crimeEKSISTENZ

107

Results

By achieving its objectives, EKSISTENZ will not only make 

a major contribution to the implementation of EU policy, 

but it will also open up the market for advanced identity 

protection systems – an international multi-billion Euro 

market – and will strengthen the position of Europe as 

a market leader in this domain. 

In order to demonstrate the achievement of its mission, 

EKSISTENZ will develop a proof of concept relating to 

banking/finance that will be shown to be scalable and 

deployable at the national level.

PARTNERS 

Morpho (MPH) 
Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
Eurosaft Sarl (IDP) 
E-Forum Forum for European ePublic Services AISBL (EFO) 
Patrick Wajsbrot Consultants SAS (PWC) 
Institute of Baltic Studies (IBS) 
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M) 
Katholieke Universitiet Leuven (KUL) 
DPA SIA (DPA) 
Bundesdruckerei GmbH (BDR) 
Agenzia per l’Italia Digitale (AgID) 
Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Latvia (MIRL) 

COUNTRY

France
The Netherlands
France
Belgium
France
Estonia
Spain
Belgium
Latvia
Germany
Italy
Latvia

108

.

m
o
c
o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

-

c
i
k
e
t
a
k
n
a
r
b
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

HEMOLIA /  Hybrid Enhanced Anti Money Laundering Intelligence, 
Investigation, Incrimination and Alerts

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Results

261710

Total Cost   

€ 4,361,954

EU Contribution  

€ 2,979,390 

Starting Date  

01/05/2011

End Date 

30/04/2014

The overall mission of HEMOLIA is to research and de-

The HEMOLIA functionalities support not only the internal 

velop an innovative anti-money laundering (AML) intel-

processes of a FIU (Financial Investigation Unit) or LEA 

ligent, multi-agent alert and investigation system. 

(Law Enforcement Agency), but also the relationship 

Description of the work 

with the information providers. For instance, the system 

identifies cases of reporting where the information is not 

correct or complete and where it should be sent back 

The research to be performed in HEMOLIA can be divided 

to the reporting entity to be returned more accurate 

into 3 categories:

and value-added. 

VERINT SYSTEMS LTD.

33 Maskit St Herzliya, 

1.  Technological objectives: The technological research 
will be based on the envisaged HEMOLIA architecture 

By using the alerting system, the end-user would be able 

to identify cases where the regulated entities should have 

46733 Israel

Contact

Gideon Hazzani

composed of two main parts: (i) Data-collection and 

provided the information. This will improve the relation-

data-mining from the Financial Plane and from the 

ship of the FIU with the reporting entities, by organizing 

Telecom Plane and (ii) the HEMOLIA Core Modules 

more targeted training sessions and by providing more 

Tel.  : +972 9 9622596 

which will analyse the Telecom Plane and Financial 

appropriate feedback.

Phone  : +972 9 9622596

Plane Data Sources and will create enhanced alerts.

Fax  : +972 9 962 4747

E-mail  :  

Gideon.Hazzani@verint.com 

2.  Legal framework of AML Systems: The legal research 
will include several areas: Telecom Plane Legal Frame-

Website  :  

work and the “Financial Plane Legal Framework” for 

http ://verint.com/corporate/

different categories of end users (banks and finan-

cial institutes versusFIUs/LEAs). This will also include 

analysis of the content of alerts and harmonisation 

of AML-related data and boundaries.

3.  AML end-users good practice and communication 
strategies including the definition of methodology 

and guidelines for an optimal use of the HEMOLIA 

system, information sharing methodologies between 

different authorities, at the national level and at the 

international level.

.

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Organised crime 
 
 
 
a

i
l

o
m
e
H
©

HEMOLIA

109

a

i
l

o
m
e
H
©

PARTNERS 

Verint Systems Ltd. 
MINISTRY OF JUSTICE 
OFICIUL NATIONAL DE PREVENIRE SI COMBATERE A SPALARII BANILOR 
APLICACIONES EN INFORMATICA AVANZADA SA 
CAPGEMINI NEDERLAND BV 
ZWIAZEK BANKOW POLSKICH IZBA GOSPODARCZA 
UNIWERSYTET WROCLAWSKI 
VERENIGING VOOR CHRISTELIJK HOGER ONDERWIJS WETENSCHAPPELIJK ONDERZOEK EN PATIENTENZORG 
SWITCHLEGAL ADVOCATEN 
TELEKOMUNIKACJA POLSKA S.A. 
Industrial Research Institute for Automation and Measurements PIAP 
Ernst & Young 

COUNTRY

Israel
Denmark
Romania
Spain
The Netherlands
Poland
Poland
The Netherlands
The Netherlands
Poland
Poland
Israel

 
 
110

SAVEMED /Microstructure secured and self-verifying medicines

d
e
M
E
V
A
S
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

261715

Total Cost   

€ 4,278,114.80

EU Contribution  

€ 3,144,724.50

Starting Date  

01/04/2011

End Date 

31/03/2014

NANO-4-U GmbH

Mozartstrasse 7

D-76133 Karlsruhe

Germany

Contact

Protecting EU citizens from counterfeit pharmaceuticals – 

The project aim was to transfer diffractive gratings, ran-

SAVEmed offers comprehensive, user friendly and simple 

dom microstructures, micro-barcodes and contrast gen-

to implement solutions.

erating micro-prisms in hard tools. Moreover, algorithm 

enabling cross checking of the secure microstructures on 

Counterfeit medicinal products are a threat to the health 

the product (even through coatings) and on the package 

and safety of patients around the world. They range 

were developed to ensure the highest level of security 

from drugs with no active ingredients to those with 

possible. In SAVEmed, this direct product marking ap-

dangerous impurities.

proach was realised for pharmaceutical tablets, injection 

moulded pharma caps and laminated sterile pouches.

They can be copies of branded drugs, generic drugs or 

over-the-counter drugs as well as faked implants or 

Nevertheless the approach was applicable to nearly all 

diagnostic devices.

other types of medical products.

In SAVEmed, self-verification security systems highly 

The strategies of criminal organisations were analysed 

Stefan Klocke

relevant for a secure track-and-trace system for the 

and the development was adapted to counteract these 

Tel.  : +49 (0) 721 182 69 68

whole supply chain of a variety of medical products (e.g. 

strategies. The key advantage of the implementation 

Mobile  :  

solid dosage forms, pharmaceutical container, medical 

of secure microstructures directly in or on the medical 

+49 (0) 176 608 29 741

implants, and sterile pouches) will be developed. The key 

product itself was that no chemical or biological addi-

E-mail  :  

of the system is that it worked independent of external 

tives and no costly changes of production lines were 

stefan.klocke@nano4u.net

databases. It enabled the verification of the product’s 

needed. Thus no additional approvals from regulatory 

Website  : www.nano4u.net

genuineness and its correct supply chain on-site at every 

agencies were required.

step of this chain.

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Organised crime 
 
SAVEMED

111

Results 

used to emboss holograms onto packaging or to make 

mould plastic parts with integral hologram structures 

The “Savemed” project successfully demonstrated the 

without adding any extra materials or processes.

following:

1.  A method of applying track & trace data to the drug 
itself (via a microstructure stamped onto the tablet 

aging production line has been exhibited in Germany 

and the USA during 2015 in conjunction with a major 

surface during production), readable in <0.1s using 

pharmaceutical machinery manufacturer. The project 

The hologram technology, integrated into a blister-pack-

a high-speed 3D scanner.

2.  Self-verifying packages where the data on the tablets 
is scanned through the blister pack after packaging 

co-ordinator, Nano4U GmbH, is discussing projects with 

several companies regarding further application of the 

steel hologram technology and of the tablet coding 

technology. Some of these companies are in the phar-

and verified against an ink-jet printed code on the 

maceutical field and others are in different industries. 

reverse side of the pack. 

3.  Steel tooling inserts with integral holograms struc-
tured into the hardened steel surface that can be 

For example, a successful project was run during 2015 

with a company to integrate a holographic security fea-

ture into steel tooling for a medical disposable device. 

PARTNERS 

NANO4U GmbH 
Heliotis AG 
Centre Suisse d’Electronique et Microtechnique SA (CSEM) 
SteriPack Ltd. 
Klocke Holding 
Mauer Sp. z o. o, 
United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute (UNCRI) 

COUNTRY

Germany 
Switzerland
Switzerland
Ireland
Germany
Poland
Italy

112

SCIIMS / Strategic Crime and Immigration Information  
Management System

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

i

w
h
k
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

218223

Total Cost 

€ 3,595,562.80

EU Contribution  

€ 2,318,996.45 

Starting Date 

01/11/2009

End Date 

31/10/2012

» Development and application of Information Manage-
ment (IM) and Information Exploitation (IX) techniques 

People Trafficking and People Smuggling have long been 

a problem for European Governments, adversely affecting 

enabling information to be fused and shared nation-

the security of their citizens. In many cases women and 

ally and trans-nationally within a secure information 

children are forced into the sex trade and subjected to 

infrastructure in accordance with European crime and 

labour exploitation. In formulating the SCIIMS project 

immigration agencies’ information needs;

the consortium will focus upon an overarching research 

» Development and application of tools to assist decision 
making in order to predict and analyse likely People 

question from which the developed capabilities, demon-

stration and experiments will be focussed :

BAE SYSTEMS  

Trafficking and People Smuggling sources, events and 

“In the European Union context how can new capabilities 

INTEGRATED SYSTEM 

links to organised crime ;

improve the ability to search, mine and fuse informa-

tion from national, trans-national, private and other 

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i
i

r
r
o
o
t
t
a
a
n
n
d
d
r
r
o
o
o
o
C
C

» Utilisation and enhancement of existing ‘State of the 
Art’ products to develop and incorporate new capabili-

sources, to discover trends and patterns for increasing 

situational awareness and improving decision making, 

ties, ‘Beyond State of the Art’ into product baselines in 

within a secure infrastructure to facilitate the combating 

order to speed up the introduction of new innovative 

of organised crime and in particular people trafficking/

techniques, technologies and systems.

smuggling to enhance the security of citizens   ?”

The SCIIMS Consortium will utilise ‘State of the Art’ 

products which will form the base capability on which 

to develop new innovative capabilities and technologies. 

This approach is designed to provide an early exploita-

tion opportunity for the consortium and the user groups 

involved.

TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED

Commercial Department

Lyon Way, Frimley,  

Camberley

GU16 7EX, Surrey 

United Kingdom

Contact

Claire Dance

Tel  : +44 (0)1276 603226

Mobile  :  

+44 (0)7793 423771

Fax  : +44 (0)1276 603111

E-mail : claire.dance@

baesystems.com

Website : http ://www.sciims.

co.uk/index.html

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Organised crime 
 
 
 
SCIIMS

113

Results

The project developed technology that collects informa-

According to the SCIIMS team, their project’s technology 

tion and fuses it to present a clearer picture of criminal 

could be very useful in detecting unusual and criminal 

activity and movements such as human trafficking. 

behavior and preventing crime in Europe.

The team focused on computer-based technology to 

strengthen the ability of LEAs to search, mine and fuse 

information from massive datasets obtained from di-

verse sources. Taking into account how investigators 

construct and represent data for an investigation, the 

research team produced an integrated demonstration 

system to show the effectiveness of their technologies, 

which support the various stages of an investigation, 

from the foraging for information to making sense of it.

PARTNERS 

BAE SYSTEMS INTEGRATED SYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES LTD 
INDRA SISTEMAS S.A. (INDRA) 
COLUMBA GLOBAL SYSTEMS LTD (Columba)  
ELSAG DATAMAT S.P.A. (ED)  
DENODO TECHNOLOGIES SL (DENODO) 
Magyar Tudomanyos Akademia Szamitastechnikai Es Automatizalasi Kutato Intezet (Sztaki) 
UNIVERSIDADE DA CORUNA (UDC) 
SELEX SISTEMI INTEGRATI SPA (SSI) 
GREEN FUSION LIMITED (DATA FUSION) 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
Spain
Ireland
Italy
Spain
Hungary
Spain
Italy
Ireland

114
114

I

U
S
M
A
R
I
T
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

CRIM-TRACK / Sensor system for detection of criminal chemical 
substances

© DTU Nanotech

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

313202

Total Cost  

€ 4,844,602 

EU Contribution  

€ 3,583,940

Starting Date  

01/01/2014

Duration 

36 months

The detection of illegal compounds is an important ana-

» WP5 Micro-colorimetric chip for Sniffer system;

lytical problem which requires reliable, selective and 

sensitive detection method that provides the highest 

» WP7 Air sampling;

level of confidence in the result. Moreover, to contribute 

to its successful development, automated target acquisi-

» WP8 Monitoring station;

tion, identification and signal processing of data from 

the sensor are mandatory. Enhancements to sensing 

» WP9 System integration;

methods, recognition ability and timely target detec-

tion should improve  sensors in both aspects, software 

» WP10 LEA Demo 1: Border control - Hidden drugs;

TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY 

and hardware. In the end, the sensing device should be 

OF DENMARK (DTU)

portable, rapid, easy to use, highly sensitive, specific 

» WP11 LEA Demo 2: Checkpoint security - Hidden drugs;

» WP12 LEA Demo 3: Forensic investigation - Explosives.

Department of Micro- and 

(minimal false positives), and low cost.

Nanotechnology

Ørsteds Plads 345

CRIM-TRACK - Sensor system for detection of criminal 

DK-2800 - Kgs. Lyngby - 

chemical substances aims to demonstrate a sensing 

Denmark

Contact

device that can be further developed into a portable, 

miniaturized, automated, rapid, low cost, highly sensitive 

Mogens Havsteen 

and simple, “sniffer”. This detection unit will be based on 

Jakobsen

a disposable micro-colorimetric chip that can be used 

Tel  : +45 45255772

for identification of illegal drugs, drug precursors and 

Mobile : +45 51801482

home-made explosives. 

Fax  : +45 45887762

E-mail  : Mogens.Jakobsen@

The project will combine advanced disciplines such as or-

nanotech.dtu.dk

Website : 

ganic chemistry, micro fabrication and hardware technol-

ogy, machine learning and signal processing techniques 

http://www.nanotech.dtu.dk/

to support the development of a miniaturized sensor 

english

system to identify illegal drugs or drug precursors. This 

http://www.crimtrack.eu/

will provide custom officers, police forces, etc. with an 

effective tool to control trafficking of illegal drugs and 

drug precursors.

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Information gathering 
CRIM-TRACK
CRIM-TRACK

115
115

Results

Development of Sniffer (prototype)

Road map for exploitation and protection of IPR

PARTNERS 

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)  
Cranfield University (CRA) 
Securetec GmbH (SEC) 
Pro Design Electronic GmbH (PDE) 
Gammadata Instruments AB (GIAB) 
Ministerie van Financien Directoraat Generaal Belastingdienst (DCA) 
Mykolas Romeris University (MRU) 
Danish Emergency Management Agency (DEMA) 

COUNTRY

Denmark
United Kingdom
Germany
Germany
Sweden
The Netherlands
Lithuania
Denmark

116
116

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

LASIE / Large scale information exploitation of forensic data

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

607480

Total Cost  

€ 11,355,989.89 

EU Contribution  

€ 8,323,805.60

Starting Date  

01/05/2014

Duration 

42 months

ENGINEERING -  

INGEGNERIA  

The LASIE project aims to significantly increase the ef-

Amongst other challenges, LASIE will address the fol-

ficiency of current investigation practices, by providing an 

lowing tasks:

automated initial analysis of the vast amounts of hetero-

geneous forensic data that analysts have to cope with.

» Development of inference mechanisms taking into 
account analysts’ explicit knowledge and information 

LASIE will:

from previous cases

» automatically extract evidence from different sources in-
cluding video, audio, text, Internet, social networks, hand-

» Provision of an event-oriented module to link informa-

tion from heterogeneous sources

written and calligraphic documents

» Implementation of an intuitive user interface that 

INFORMATICA SPA (ENG)

» perform inferences based on the evidence

automatically highlights relevant events

Research and Development 

Division

» guide the investigation process through the incorporation 

» Implementation of training sessions to enable opera-

Via San Martino Della 

of recommendation functionalities

tors to use LASIE in an efficient manner

Battaglia 56

00185 – ROMA - Italy

» interact with the user through an efficient and user-friendly 

Contact

Maria Silvia BOI

Tel  : +39 050 770342

Mobile : +39 3408100593

interface

» ensure that all legal and ethical restrictions are satisfied 
and the computed data can be presented as evidence in 

Fax  : +39 0683074200

European courts of law.

E-mail  : silvia.boi@eng.it

Website : www.eng.it

» Implementation  of  a  privacy-by-design  approach 
through built-in legal and ethical compliance mecha-

nisms.

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Information gatheringResults

Provision of a set of tools and processes to support law 

enforcement analysts in their everyday work. 

Significant reduction of required investigation time by us-

ing automatic processes to analyze multimedia contents, 

as well as visual analytics from an inference engine that 

can highlight otherwise hidden information.

PARTNERS 

Engineering – Ingegneria Informatica SPA (ENG) 
Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH) 
Neuropublic A.E. Pliroforikis & Epikoinonion (NP)  
Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London (QMUL) 
Metropolitan Police Service (MET) 
SenseGraph Limited (SEN) 
Institutt for Fredsforskning Stiftelse (PRIO) 
Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf GmbH (HUA) 
Technische Universitat Berlin (TUB) 
United Technologies Reasearch Centre Ireland, Limited (UTRCI) 
Innovation Engineering SRL (INNEN) 
Venaka Media Limited (VML) 
ACIC SA (ACIC) 
Institut Mines-Telecom (IMT) 
Universidad Politecnica de Madrid (UPM) 
Visionware-Systemas de Informacao SA (VIS) 
Ayuntamiento de Madrid (ADM) 
University of Greenwich (UoG) 

LASIE

117117

COUNTRY

Italy
Greece
Greece
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Norway
Germany
Germany
Ireland
Italy
United Kingdom
Belgium
France
Spain
Portugal
Spain
United Kingdom

118
118

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

VALCRI / Visual Analytics for sense-making in CRIminal intelligence 
analysis

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

and safeguarding of privacy, bias mitigation, privacy by 

design, privacy enhancing technology, purpose limitation, 

608142

Total Cost  

€ 16,644,340 

EU Contribution  

€13,053,686

Starting Date  

01/05/2014

Duration 

44 months

The purpose of VALCRI (Visual Analytics for sense-making 

and data minimisation.

in CRIminal intelligence analysis) is to research, design 

and develop the next generation technology for informa-

The project is organised into 14 work packages that 

tion exploitation by intelligence analysts working in law 

comprise: requirements; systems design and architecture; 

enforcement agencies. 

data extraction and analysis; data modeling and ontol-

ogy; security, ethics, privacy and legal issues; user inter-

One of the key problems is to ‘connect the dots’ or to 

face and cognitive issues; and training and evaluation. 

quickly find the relevant information from a very large 

dataset and piece them together so that the conclusion 

MIDDLESEX UNIVERSITY 

makes sense. When completed, VALCRI will integrate 

LONDON

advanced and powerful data analytic software for auto-

Results

The Burroughs, Hendon

mated extraction of meaningful information and related 

London, NW4 4BT

United Kingdom

Contact

text, documents, images and video, and for detecting 

(i) A Human Issues Framework. The framework combines 

crime signatures or patterns across multi-dimensional 

human cognition, bias mitigation, social, and legal fac-

data that might provide early warning signs or triggers 

tors into a single framework that developers can use 

Professor B.L. William 

of impending criminal or terrorist action. 

to guide and specify the system design. 

Wong

Tel  : +44 (0)208 411 2684

Fax  : +44 (0)208 411 6943

E-mail  : w.wong@mdx.ac.uk

Website : valcri.org

Description of the work 

(ii) An interactive visualisation-based user interface. This 

advanced user interface is guided by the concept of the 

“reasoning workspace”. The user interface will enable 

fluid and seamless transitions between data exploration, 

VALCRI’s analytical software capabilities will be orches-

data analysis, and hypothesis formulation. 

trated through a combination of commercially available 

and advanced touch user interface technologies. We will 

(iii) A real-time semantic search and retrieval engine 

create new visual analytics interaction technologies for 

that combines with automated knowledge extraction 

dynamically and directly manipulating the visualiza-

and thematic clustering. The system will allow users to 

tions to facilitate the process of reasoning and analytic 

develop interactive visualizations that help them explore 

discourse as they computationally exploit large data 

the data at different levels of abstraction. 

sets and unravel the complexities in the data. VALCRI 

will augment rather than replace human judgment and 

(iv) Automated knowledge extraction. VALCRI will develop 

decision making.

automated methods for extracting relevant features to 

events from historical data. These features will be stored 

VALCRI will also design measures to guard against hu-

and updated regularly based on new incoming data to 

man cognitive bias and abuses arising from accidental, 

help define data fragments in real-time.

inadvertent, or deliberate violations of ethical, legal 

and privacy principles. The design of the technology 

(v) A self-evolving ontology. The ontology will be informed 

will include facilities for ensuring transparency, open-

by signature discovery, crime, and criminal profiling. It will 

ness, and accountability through information security, 

also guide user search, retrieval, and navigation of data. 

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Information gatheringVALCRI

119119

(vi) A crime situation re-construction function. This will 

be based on spatial-temporal and network analysis tech-

nologies for representing important socio-cultural and 

organizational concepts crucial for understanding the 

crime and circumstances, and to then project possible 

lines of investigation.  

(vii) A secure and scalable distributed processing ar-

chitecture. This architecture must be computationally 

efficient, able to accommodate high volume and high 

speed data from a variety of sources and content..

(viii) A research dataset. This will be machine readable, 

and based on real crimes that is of adequate size and 

complexity. 

PARTNERS 

Middlesex University London 
Space Applications Services NV 
Universitat Konstanz 
Linkopings Universitet 
The City University  
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven 
A E Solutions (BI) Limited 
Technische Universitaet Graz 
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. 
Technische Universitaet Wien 
ObjectSecurity Ltd 
Unabhaengiges Landeszentrum fuer Datenschutz 
i-Intelligence GMBH 
Exipple Studio SL 
West Midlands Police Authority 
STAD ANTWERPEN 
Service Public Federal Interieur 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
Belgium
Germany
Sweden
United Kingdom
Belgium
United Kingdom
Austria
Germany
Austria
United Kingdom
Germany
Switzerland
Spain
United Kingdom
Belgium
Belgium

120
120

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

ZONeSEC / Towards a EU framework for the security of Widezones

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

607292

Total Cost  

€ 14,163,695.89 

EU Contribution  

€ 9,262,731.96

Starting Date  

01/12/2014

Duration 

48 months

ZONeSEC’s goal is to support citizen security by pro-

ZONeSEC starts by assessing the current state of wid-

viding a total solution for the protection of widezone 

ezone surveillance systems through exhaustive pilot 

infrastructure. Its objectives include the development, 

demonstrations and iterative integrity tests. For these 

integration and validation of a system-of-systems based 

pilots, it is defining a full architecture and developing the 

on surveillance of widezones that can cope with diverse 

technological backbone to provide improved data fusion, 

use cases, application domains and a leveraging of exist-

interconnection and interoperability between different 

ing infrastructure. Its other objectives are to:

system elements to reduce data ambiguity to a minimum. 

EXODUS ANONYMOS 

» Address the EU’s lack of affordable solutions for large 
ground area surveillance such as rail tracks, energy 

ZONeSEC also assesses the risk/vulnerability of the 

system itself, as well as a next-generation common 

ETAIREIA PLIROFORIKIS 

lines, pipelines, highways, etc.

operational picture for the simulation and visualisation 

of operations. The project will also define a European-

(EXO)

Exus Innovation

Estias 1 & 

» Integrate ground and airborne sensors to detect, iden-
tify and localise illicit patterns of activity (detection of 

wide framework for the protection of widezones that 

comprises of a full set of systems and services built in 

Mesogeion 73-75 

change or 24/7 surveillance) in a wide area

accordance with innovative and integrated standards 

and peer-to-peer architecture. 

11526 – Athens - Greece

Contact

Dimitris Vassiliadis

» Provide a comprehensive analysis on widezone vulner-
ability, system security, and related system design 

Tel  : +30 210 7450321

methodology

Fax  : +30 210 7450399

E-mail  : dvas@exus.co.uk  

» Demonstrate the full system on site

Website : www.exus.co.uk,

www.exusinnovation.co.uk   

» Take account of societal values and ethical issues, 
including privacy and fundamental rights, as well as 

perception of security, possible side-effects of tech-

nological solutions, societal resilience

Security Research  Security of the Citizens / Information gatheringZONeSEC

121121

Results

• A system-of-systems for the surveillance of wid-

ezones 

• The “SIMISAW” tool to visualise infrastructure onto a 
cartographic support, enriched with sensor measure-

ments as well as simulation results and suspected 

or identified threats

• A CENELEC workshop agreement

• A  “European  Widezones  Surveillance  Reference” 

toolkit 

PARTNERS 

Exodus Anonymos Etaireia Pliroforikis (EXO) 
Diginext SARL (DXT) 
Fundacion Tekniker (TEK)  
Atos Spain SA (ATOS)  
Technische Universität Dresden (TUD) 
Istituto di Sociologia Internazionale di Gorizia (ISIG)  
Airbus Defence and Space GmbH (AIRBUS) 
University of Southampton (ITINNOV) 
Institute of Communication and Computer Systems (ICCS) 
Crisisplan BV (CPLAN) 
Aditess Advanced Integrated Technology Solutions and Services Ltd (ADIT)  
Gap Analysis S.A. (GAP) 
Silixa Ltd (SIL) 
Thales Research and Technology (THALES) 
Telesto Technologies Pliroforikis kai Epikoinonion EPE (TEL)  
Attikes Diadromes S.A. (ATTD) 
Compania AQUASERV S.A. (AQS)  
N.V. Nederlandse Gasunie (GASU) 
Acciona Infraestructuras S.A (ACCI) 

COUNTRY

Greece
France
Spain
Spain
Germany
Italy
Germany
United Kingdom
Greece
The Netherlands
Cyprus
Greece
United Kingdom
France
Greece
Greece
Romania
The Netherlands
Spain

122

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

CAMINO /Comprehensive Approach to cyber roadMap coordINation 
and develOpment

E
A
C
O
C
©

607406

Total Cost   

€ 1,157,666 

EU Contribution  

€ 1,036,888 

Starting Date  

01/04/2014

Duration 

24 months

ITTI SP. Z O.O. (ITTI)

ITTI Sp. z o.o.

Ul. Rubież 46 

Contact

Michal Choras  

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

gaps and challenges through analysis of existing cyber 

security-related guidelines, roadmaps and strategies. 

The major goal of the project is to provide a realistic 

Promising results of current cyber security research 

roadmap for improving resilience against cyber crime 

projects will be identified and analysed. 

and cyber terrorism. Its strategic objectives are to:

» develop  a  comprehensive  cyber  crime  and  cyber 

terrorism research agenda;

» initiate long term activities providing a stable platform 

of security research experts and organisations.

» Workshops, Seminars and Consultations - WP3 will 
ensure the organisation of necessary activities and 

meetings for the consultation with experts, working 

groups and all involved stakeholders.

» Guidelines and Roadmap Development - WP4 will 
aim to develop cyber security guidelines, which will 

reflect the expectations and needs of key stakeholders. 

WP4 will identify key stakeholders and the scope of 

cyber security related problems. WP4 will also develop 

research roadmaps in the areas of cyber crime and 

61-612 Poznań, Poland

Description of the work 

The main aim of the CAMINO project is to establish a 

cyber terrorism. This work is based on the activities of 

Tel  : +48 61 6226 985

research agenda on cyber crime and cyber terrorism 

the other WPs. It will be based on commonly agreed 

Fax  : +48 61 6226 973

in order to fully accomplish a trustworthy information 

needs among the stakeholders to provide effective 

E-mail  :  

society as depicted by the Digital Agenda 2020.

guidelines  and  actions.  Alignment  with  national 

Michal.choras@itti.com.pl

initiatives is also planned.

Website  : www.itti.com.pl

The work of the project is divided into the following 

» Community Building, Dissemination and Sustainability 
- WP5 will provide analysis and determination of the 

most appropriate strategies for dissemination and 

exploitation of the project results and products.

activities:

» Project Management - WP1 will ensure the overall 
management of the project tasks in terms of effective 

completion, progress reporting, accountability and 

quality  assurance.  WP1  will  be  responsible  for  all 

contacts with the European Commission (deliverables 

delivery,  reporting)  and  also  with  the  project’s 

advisory  board,  composed  of  external  experts.  A 

project handbook will be published that will guide the 

participants on administrative tasks and procedures 

for IPR, data handling, quality assurance, etc.

» Identification and Analysis of Main Research Gaps 
and Challenges - WP2 aims to identify key research 

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Cyber crime 
CAMINO

123

Results 

structure. The roadmap includes 14 research topics in 

four areas, along with more than 300 recommended re-

The main aim of CAMINO (Comprehensive Approach to 

search actions over the short-, medium-, and long-term.

cyber roadMap coordINation and develOpment) was to 

define a research agenda for cybercrime and cyber ter-

The CAMINO consortium ensured wide dissemination 

rorism regarding the achievement of a trustworthy in-

of its research via seven workshops for cyber security 

formation society as depicted by the EU’s Digital Agenda 

researchers and practitioners. Consortium members also 

2020. Within the latter, the role of trust and security 

participated in dissemination and scientific events to 

– with emphasis on cybercrime and cyber terrorism – 

promote the project’s concepts and results. 

demands a set of actions that must be properly scoped 

and coordinated.

One of the project’s most important activities was its 

community building. The creation of the “CAMINO Cyber 

Ending in March 2016, the project’s main result was its 

Think Tank” will allow us to pursue a comprehensive ap-

roadmap for fighting cybercrime and cyber terrorism. The 

proach and keep our roadmap alive after the project, thus 

roadmap’s items were broadly reviewed with end-users 

assuring sustainability of CAMINO’s concepts and ideas. 

and experts and then validated and prioritised during 

Finally, CAMINO had a very fruitful collaboration with 

meetings and exercises. The roadmap’s approach was 

other CSA projects, namely COURAGE and CyberROAD.

based on the “THOR” (technical, human, organisational 

and regulatory) concept, which shaped its scope and 

PARTNERS 

ITTI Sp. z o.o. (ITTI) - Coordinator  
CBRNE Ltd. (CBRNE Ltd) 
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) 
Data Fusion Research Center AG (DFRC) 
Espion Ltd (Espion) 
Everis Aerospace and Defense S.L.U. (EADE) 
Montpellier 1 University (UM1) 
Police Academy in Szczytno (WSPol) 
S21SEC Information Security Labs S.L. (S21SEC LAB) 
Sec-Control Finland (Sec-Control Finland) 

COUNTRY

Poland
United Kingdom
Italy
Switzerland
Ireland 
Spain
France
Poland
Spain
Finland

124

COCKPITCI /Cybersecurity on SCADA : risk prediction, analysis  
and reaction tools for Critical Infrastructures

I

C
t
i
p
k
c
o
C
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

285647

Total Cost   

€ 4,234,558.35

EU Contribution  

€ 2,986,675.00

Starting Date  

01/01/2012

Duration 

36 months

SELEX SISTEMI  

INTEGRATI SPA

00131 Rome, Italy 

Contact

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

CockpitCI will aggregate the information of potential 

cyber-attacks induced on SCADA systems or telecom-

CockpitCI aims to improve the resilience and depend-

munication systems used to support the operation of 

ability of Critical Infrastructures (CIs) by the automatic 

CIs, and identify the potential unsecured area of the CIs. 

detection of cyber threats and the sharing of real-time 

information about attacks among CI owners.

CockpitCI will research traffic monitoring and attack de-

tection. New machine learning based approaches for unu-

CockpitCI aims to identify, in real time, the CI func-

sual traffic event detection will be analysed and several 

tionalities impacted by cyber-attacks and assess the 

typologies of cyber-threats will be modelled, as will the 

degradation of CI delivered services.

cyber-interdependencies of the composite CIs system. 

CockpitCI aims to classify the associated risk level, broad-

CockpitCI will provide a framework to allow the com-

cast an alert at different security levels and activate a 

munity of CI owners to exchange real-time information 

Large Systems Business Unit

strategy of containment of the possible consequences 

about attacks, extending the capabilities developed in 

Via Tiburtina Km 12,400 

of cyber-attacks.

the previous MICIE project. It will extend the prediction 

capabilities by considering cascading events induced by 

CockpitCI aims to leverage the ability of field equipment 

faults and cyber attacks and also develop a strategic 

Antonio Graziano

to counteract cyber-attacks by deploying preservation 

analysis tool able to calculate the potential threat of 

Tel  : +39 06 4150 2017

and shielding strategies able to guarantee the required 

coordinated cyber-attacks on CIs.

Mobile  : +39 331 6231584

safety.

Fax  : +39 06 4150 2356

E-mail  :  

agraziano@selex-si.com

Description of the work 

Results 

CockpitCI (Cybersecurity on SCADA: risk prediction, analy-

Website  : www.cockpitci.eu

CockpitCI will design and develop a system capable of 

sis and reaction tools for Critical Infrastructures) focused 

detecting malicious network traffic which may disrupt 

on ways to increase cyber security awareness to boost 

the correct functioning of a SCADA system and hamper 

infrastructure continuity. Its research encompassed a 

its normal operability.

multi-layered cyber detection framework capable of 

detecting anomalies or intrusion attempts along an en-

CockpitCI will rely on a unifying approach across the 

tire critical infrastructure (CI), together with near real-

Critical Infrastructures modelling domain. Models and 

time risk evaluation of CI functionalities affected by 

software tools will be used to predict the Quality of 

cyber-attacks and faults. The goal was to assess any 

Services (QoS) delivered by SCADA systems early. Indica-

degradation of CI-delivered services while supporting 

tors of SCADA QoS will be computed using an adequate 

possible containment strategies. CockpitCI generated 

representation of the technological networks supporting 

the means during adverse situations to maintain at least 

SCADA services, including including multi-phased cyber 

partial operation rather than a total shutdown. CockpitCI’s 

attacks and accidental failures.

output ranges from passive monitoring decision sup-

port (suited for legacy systems) to more sophisticated 

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Cyber crime 
 
COCKPITCI

125

solutions capable of limited automatic reactions in pre-

determined situations.

» secure mediation gateway that ensures transparent 
communication  among  CockpitCi  components  and 

secure communication with adjacent infrastructures

The project’s final integrated demonstrator comprised 

the following:

» risk predictor that propagates the effects of cyber-

» a multi-layered cyber detection framework with a 
distributed  heterogeneous  sensing  layer  and  two 

correlation levels that couple rule-based detection 

» smart RTUs with local situation awareness that can, in 
certain situations, refuse to execute specific commands 

with machine learning algorithms

and show local behaviour

attacks and faults

» cyber detection devices specific to the SCADA domain, 

» hybrid environment for testing and validation

i.e. “field honeypots” and shadow RTUs

PARTNERS 

SELEX Sistemi Integrati SpA (SELEX-SI) 
Centre de Recherché Public Henri Tudor (CRPHT) 
Consortium for the Research in Automation and Telecommunication University of Rome -  
“La Sapienza” (CRAT) 
Dipartimento Informatica e Automazione – Università di Roma Tre (ROMA3) 
Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l’energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile (ENEA) 
Israel Electric Corp (IEC) 
itrust consulting s. à r. l. (ITRUST) 
Multitel asbl (Multitel) 
University of Coimbra Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (UC) 
University of Surrey (SURREY) 

COUNTRY

Italy 
Luxembourg

Italy
Italy
Italy
Israel
Luxembourg
Belgium
Portugal
United Kingdom

126

CRISALIS/CRitical Infrastructure Security AnaLysIS

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

285477

Total Cost   

€ 5,361,532.73 

EU Contribution  

€ 3,426,387.79

Starting Date  

01/05/2012

End Date 

31/08/2015

0.1 Securing the systems

security assessment and protection. When addressing 

the project’s three objectives particular attention was 

paid to ensure the practical implementation of these 

New techniques and tools to facilitate the automated 

techniques in real-world environments. It also aimed 

analysis of critical infrastructure environments and the 

to minimize the impact on operations, goals which are 

discovery of possible threat vectors.

attainable thanks to the direct involvement of end us-

0.2 Detecting intrusions

ers and device manufacturers who provided expertise 

and realistic test environments to validate the proposed 

methodologies.

New techniques for the detection of targeted, unknown 

SIEMENS AG (SIE)

threats by avoiding a priori assumptions about attack-

Corporate Technology RDA 

vector characteristics or those of malware samples.

ITS

Otto-Hahn-Ring 6

D-81730 Munich

Contact

0.3 Analyzing successful intrusions.

Results 

Methodologies for detecting suspicious modifications to 

execution of 14 families of experiments

» Build-up  of  four  diverse  test-beds  and  successful 

Michael Munzert  

devices, and forensic tools for the analysis of embedded 

Tel  : +49 89 636 49603

devices typically used in these environments.

Mobile  : +49 173 7016288

Fax  : +49 89 636 48000

E-mail  : michael.munzert@

siemens.com

Website  : 

Description of the work 

www.crisalis-project.eu

The CRISALIS project aimed to provide new means to 

» CRISALIS technologies from different work packages 
were combined to successfully detect and investigate 

a targeted attack

» CRISALIS’s  passive  ICS  fingerprinting  tool  clearly 

outperforms existing (non-ICS specific) ones

secure critical infrastructure environments from tar-

geted attacks carried out by resourceful and motivated 

» Implementation of new protocol parsers for binary ICS 
protocols: Modbus/TCP, OPC-DA, and two proprietary 

individuals. 

protocols

CRISALIS focused on two aspects: detection of vulner-

» CRISALIS developed a penetration testing methodology 

abilities, and attacks in critical infrastructure environ-

specifically tailored to critical infrastructures

ments. We focused on two different, yet interlinked, use 

cases typical to power grid infrastructure: control systems 

based on SCADA protocols and the Advanced Metering 

Infrastructure. CRISALIS leveraged the unique character-

» CRISALIS’s fuzzing tools helped identify and patch 
security vulnerabilities in several commercial products

istics of critical infrastructure environments to produce 

novel practical mechanisms and techniques for their  

» The CRISALIS tool Avatar is the first one enabling 
sophisticated dynamic analysis on embedded devices

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Cyber crime 
 
» ICS intrusion detection tool PLW proved to detect 0-day 
and targeted attacks (with low false positive rate on 

» CRISALIS’s tools Grafiti and Access Miner detected 
malicious code at execution time and after a successful 

real-world traffic)

attack – again without prior knowledge

» CRISALIS’s AMI intrusion detection prototype METIS 
proved able to detect complex attacks (e.g. energy 

exfiltration) with an accuracy of over 80 percent and 

low false positives, while being scalable to millions 

of devices

» The project’s forensic platform FERRET reduced forensic 
investigation time in real-live incidents dramatically 

(by an order of magnitude)

» Its tool FCScan detected malicious electronic documents 

without prior knowledge

PARTNERS 

European Commission (EC) 
Siemens AG (SIE) 
Alliander (ALL) 
Chalmers Tekniska Hoegskola (CHA) 
ENEL (ENEL) 
Institute EURECOM (IEU) 
SecurityMatters (SM) 
Symantec (SYMF) 
University Twente (UT) 
University of Ulm (UULM) 

CRISALIS

127

COUNTRY

Belgium
Germany
The Netherlands
Sweden
Italy
France
The Netherlands
France
The Netherlands
Germany

128

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

COURAGE/Cybercrime and Cyberterrorism European Research 
Agenda

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

607949

Total Cost   

€1,681,477.60 

EU Contribution  

€1,294,425.50

Starting Date  

01/05/2014

End Date 

30/04/2016

The aim of COURAGE is to produce a research agenda 

A key challenge COURAGE will address is the speed of 

for Cybercrime and Cyberterrorism (CC/CT) using the 

technological change. While the CC/CT regulatory, societal 

expertise of the consortium partners, advisory board 

and technological research environment is constantly 

members and recruited expert stakeholders. The research 

evolving, it remains dispersed across regions and insti-

agenda will identify the major challenges and reveal 

tutions. There is currently no clear strategy on the best 

research gaps for cybercrime and cyberterrorism. It will 

method to address the multi-disciplinary nature of CC/

also recommend practical research approaches to ad-

CT, and a lack of common terminology across disciplines 

dress these gaps through strategies that are aligned to 

hampers the adoption of a multidisciplinary approach. 

real-world needs. These strategies will be supported by 

Research in CC/CT needs to focus on the development 

EUROPEAN  

test and evaluation schemes. The purpose of COURAGE 

of concrete solutions with detailed tests and evaluation 

ORGANISATION FOR 

is to significantly improve the security of citizens and 

solutions, including complementary guidelines. COURAGE 

SECURITY (EOS)

Cybersecurity

Rue Montoyer 

10

1000 – Brussels – Belgium

Contact

NINA OLESEN    

Tel  : +32 777 02 51

Mobile  : +32 486 05 37 87

E-mail  :  

nina.olesen@eos-eu.com

Website  : www.eos-eu.com 

critical infrastructures and to support crime investigators.

aims to solve this through its project approach, objectives 

and final roadmap.

The COURAGE approach builds on three pillars:

» A  user-centric  methodology  -  to  identify  gaps, 
challenges and barriers based on real-world needs 

and experiences

» An analytical and semantic approach - to deliver a 
taxonomy and create a common understanding of the 

subject with all stakeholders.

» A competitive and market oriented approach – to foster 
practical implementations of counter-measures using 

effective test and validation solutions.

The  COURAGE  research  agenda  will  be  elaborated 

through a progressive and collaborative approach, con-

solidating contributions from the legislative, law enforce-

ment, research and industrial communities represented 

by its consortium and advisory board.

The agenda will be further supported by an online secure 

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Cyber crimeCOURAGE

129

platform, fostering a collaborative approach during the 

Results 

elaboration phase offering a multi-lingual, advanced 

search interface. This will allow stakeholders to query 

The main results of COURAGE include:

the content of the agenda and acquire domain specific 

knowledge including statistical information about the 

most pertinent topics.

» A  taxonomical  categorisation  of  CC/CT  threats, 
supported by an online research knowledge repository, 

Community Portal, and mobile application

» An analysis of end-users requirements and of research 

gaps 

» A  final  and  validated  research  agenda,  including 
roadmap and requirements for tests and evaluation

» The  production  of  a  consolidated  roadmap  in 
collaboration with the CAMINO and CyberROAD FP7 

projects

PARTNERS 

European Organisation for Security (EOS) 
Engineering – Ingegneria Informatica SPA (EII) 
Sheffield Hallam Unviersity (SHU) 
United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute (UNICRI) 
Cybercrime Research Institute (CRI) 
Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
Totalforsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
West Yorkshire Police Authority (WYP) 
Aconite Internet Solutions Limited (ACO) 
Pawel Walentynowics (EEP) 
Conceptivity SARL (CONC) 
Institut Jozef Stefan (IJS) 
Selex ES SPA (SSI) 
Fraunhofer – Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V (FRAUN) 
Stichting Katholieke Universiteit Brabant Universiteit Van Tilburg (TILT) 
International Cyber Investigation Training Academy Sdruzhenie (ICITA) 

COUNTRY

Belgium
Italy
United Kingdom
Italy
Germany
The Netherlands
Sweden
United Kingdom
Ireland
Poland
Switzerland
Slovenia
Italy
Germany
The Netherlands
Bulgaria

130

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

ECOSSIAN/European Control System Security Incident Analysis 
Network

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Technical solutions will be complemented by an effective 

organizational concept and novel rules and regulations 

607577

Total Cost   

€13,196,720.61 

EU Contribution  

€9,224,459.00

Starting Date  

01/06/2014

Duration 

36 months

TECHNIKON  

FORSCHUNGS- UND  

PLANUNGSGESELL-

SCHAFT MBH (TEC)

Technikon Forschungs- und 

Planungsgesellschaft mbH

Burgplatz 3a

ECOSSIAN’s goal is to improve the detection and man-

will be implemented. Also, the existing and required legal 

agement of highly sophisticated cyber security incidents 

framework, information security and implications for 

and attacks against critical infrastructure (CI) by imple-

privacy will be analyzed and assessed. The system will be 

menting a pan-European early warning and situational 

tested, demonstrated and evaluated in realistic use cases 

awareness framework with command and control facili-

to be developed with the community of stakeholders in 

ties. The project aims to develop a prototype system that 

the sectors of energy, transportation, finance, and ICT.

facilitates preventive functions like threat monitoring, 

early indicator and real threat detection, alerting, support 

of threat mitigation and disaster management.

Description of the work 

dent Analysis Network) project:

The ECOSSIAN (European COntrol System Security Inci-

Results 

9500 Villach, Austria

The protection of CI increasingly demands solutions 

Contact

that support incident detection and management for 

» Established and enhanced a security-state awareness 
to support operators of critical infrastructures (CI) by 

Dr. Klaus-Michael Koch  

individual CI, across CIs that depend on each other, and 

implementing an Operator Security Operation Centre 

Tel  : +43 4242/ 233 55

across borders. An approach is needed that integrates 

(O-SOC)

Mobile  : +49 173 7016288

functionalities across all these levels. Cooperation of 

Fax  : +43 4242/ 233 55 77

privately operated CIs and public bodies (governments 

» Identified O-SOCs of Member States in a National 

E-mail  :  

and EU) is difficult, but mandatory. 

Security Operation Centre (N-SOC)

coordination@ecossian.eu

Website  : www.ecossian.eu 

ECOSSIAN is the first attempt to develop such a holistic 

system. A prototype system will be developed to facilitate 

» Improved effectiveness of decision-making and incident 
response capabilities in Member States through near 

preventive functions such as threat monitoring, early 

real-time situational awareness, information sharing 

indicator and real threat detection, alerting support of 

and efficient command and control opportunities

threat mitigation and disaster management. Advanced 

technologies need to be integrated with the technical 

architecture that comprises an operations centre and 

» Supported  a  pan-European  early-warning  entity 
through the connection of Member States’ N-SOCs to 

the interfaces of legacy systems (e.g. SCADA). Such 

a European Security Operation Centre (E-SOC), including 

technologies include fast data aggregation and fusion, 

required interoperability standards

visualization of the situation, planning and decision sup-

port, and flexible networks for information sharing and 

coordination support, as well as the connection of local 

» Enabled consistent and collaborative cross-border and 
cross-sectorial incident management for CI by using 

operations centres. 

E-SOC and N-SOC capabilities

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Cyber crimeECOSSIAN

131

» Built trusted relationships and engaged CI operators 

at the EU level

» Performed  a  full-scale  demonstration  of  the 

implemented ECOSSIAN framework and system

» Built an entry point for EU-US collaborative information-
sharing in cyber defence to create readiness to react 

on a global basis

PARTNERS 

Technikon Forschungs- und Planungsgesellschaft mbH (TEC) 
Airbus Defence and Space GmbH (EADS) 
Gas Networks Ireland (GAIS) 
Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT) 
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung E.V. (FHG) 
Alma Mater Studorium – Università di Bologna (UNIBO) 
Cassidian Cybersecurity SAS (CAS-FR) 
Inov Inesc Inovaҫão – Instituto de Novas Tecnologias (INOV) 
Infraestruturas de Portugal SA (IP) 
Policia Judiciária (PJ) 
Espion Limited (ESPION) 
Teknologian Tutkimuskeskus (VTT) 
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KUL) 
Bertin Technologies SAS (BRT) 
Institut für Automation und Kommunikation e.V. Magdeburg (IFAK) 
Poste Italiane (PI) 
Cassidian Cybersecurity GmbH (CCG) 
Cess GmbH Centre for European Security Strategies (CESS) 
Airbus Group Ltd. (EADS UK) 

COUNTRY

Austria
Germany
Ireland
Austria
Germany
Italy
France
Portugal
Portugal
Portugal
Ireland
Finland
Belgium
France
Germany
Italy
Germany
Germany
United Kingdom

132

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

E-CRIME /The Economic Impacts of Cyber Crime  

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

607775

Total Cost   

€ 4,068,154.00

EU Contribution  

€ 3,272,492.00

Starting Date  

01/04/2014

Duration 

36 months

E-CRIME’s primary objectives were to:

» Mapped cybercrime journeys undertaken by attacks 

» Measure and analyse the economic impact of cyber 
crime on non-ICT sectors (transport, energy, finance, 

» Assessed policies and countermeasures to address 

health, retail) 

the steps in these journeys 

using crime scripts 

» Analyse the criminal structures and economies behind 

» Developed a framework to measure the economic 

such crimes

impact of cyber crimes 

TRILATERAL RESEARCH  

& CONSULTING (TRI)

» Develop concrete measures and methods to deter pos-
sible criminals and limit the attractiveness of such 

» Conducted a six-country survey of citizens to measure 

the impact of cyber crime 

Crown House, 72 Hammer-

crimes

» Enhanced risk management counter-measures within 

the selected non-ICT sectors 

smith Road 

W14 8TH, London, UK 

Contact

David Wright

Tel  : +44 20 7559 3552

Fax  : +44 20 7559 3401

E-mail  : David.wright@

trilateralresearch.com

Website  : 

www.trilateralresearch.com

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Cyber crimeResults 

E-CRIME paved the way for a gradual shift towards a 

cyber security mindset, with emphasis on increased resil-

ience, multi-stakeholder co-operation and an integrated 

approach. It also contributed to the development of com-

prehensive and economically viable counter-measures 

that support Europe’s Digital Agenda, while boosting its 

economic performance and the single market.

The research consortium produced a portfolio of practical 

and exploitable knowledge, tools, and resources designed 

to increase our understanding and mitigate the risk of 

financially motivated cyber crime. The results are freely 

available to citizens, researchers, law enforcement, and 

the public and private sectors. 

PARTNERS 

Trilateral Research & Consulting (TRI)  
Technische Universiteit Delft (TUD) 
Universite De Lausanne (UNIL) 
University of Innsbruck (UIBK) 
Westfaelische Wilhelms-Universitaet Muenster (WWU) 
The University of Warwick (WARWICK)  
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen (RUG) 
Global Cyber Security Center (GCSEC)  
IPSOS Belgium  SA (IPSOS) 
Tallinna Tehnikaulikool (TUT) 
The International Criminal Police Organisation (INT) 

E-CRIME

133

COUNTRY

United Kingdom 
The Netherlands  
Switzerland
Austria
Germany
United Kingdom
The Netherlands
Italy
Belgium
Estonia
France

134

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

HYRIM /Hybrid Risk Management for Utility Networks 

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

608090

Total Cost   

€ 4,657,587.60

EU Contribution  

€ 3,387,085.00

Starting Date  

01/04/2014

Duration 

36 mois

AIT – AUSTRIAN 

INSTITUTE OF 

The main objective of this project is to identify and 

During the project we will focus on sensitive service 

evaluate “hybrid risk metrics” for assessing and catego-

parameters  that  represent  interconnection  points 

rizing security risks in interconnected utility infrastructure 

between control networks and individual utility networks 

networks in order to provide the basis for new protection 

since, through them, a security incident in the control 

and prevention mechanisms.

network  could  lead  to  cascading  effects  in  utility 

networks. Hence we refer to our approach as “Hybrid 

HyRiM will look at attacks that specifically target utility 

Risk Management” and “Hybrid Risk Metrics”. 

network controls as well as novel threats along intercon-

nected utility networks. It will investigate the “human 

The  risk  measures  to  be  developed  will  support  a 

factor” and the impact of organizational aspects on 

quantitative risk analysis and simulation tools for decision 

security, the use of personally owned communication 

makers and security specialists as they evaluate threats. 

TECHNOLOGY GMBH  

devices and the application of “on demand” surveillance 

To unify the advantages of quantitative assessment 

(AIT)

Safety & Security  

Department

Donaucitystrasse 1

1220 Vienna, Austria

Contact

Monyk Christian  

Tel  : +43 50550 4152

Mobile  : +43 664 8157837

Fax: +43 50550 4190

E-mail  :  

christian.monyk@ait.ac.at

Website  : www.ait.ac.at

to secure the extended perimeter. 

with the ease and efficiency of a qualitative analysis, 

our framework will support a qualitative assessment 

with a sound quantitative mathematical underpinning.

Furthermore we consider “the human factor” in our 

investigations. As a result of this, all the sociological 

and economic effects across different networks will be 

well understood. We will evaluate identified security 

measures and hybrid risk metrics in use cases involving 

various attack scenarios on the control network. Special 

attention will be paid to scenarios in which personally 

owned communication devices used in business day 

to day life compromise the security of a utility control 

network. 

Another core topic of interest is the combination of 

monitoring and surveillance of the extended perimeter by 

triggering “on demand” surveillance by monitoring events 

to provide the basis for novel surveillance mechanisms.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Cyber crimeHYRIM

135

Results 

The project will provide utility network providers with 

a risk assessment tool that – in accordance with BSI 

or  ICNC  recommendations  –  supports  qualitative 

risk  assessment  based  on  numerical  (quantitative) 

techniques. Our research method will explicitly account 

for an infrastructure’s two-fold nature in terms of the 

utility network and the control network alongside it. 

The expected impact is thus a movement away from 

best-practice-only  towards  the  treatment  of  risk  in 

utility networks based on a sound and well-understood 

mathematical foundation. The project will take an explicit 

step towards considering security in the given context of 

utility networks, ultimately yielding a specially tailored 

solution that is optimal for the application at hand.

PARTNERS 

(P2) Universität Passau (UNI PASSAU) 
(P3) Lancaster University (ULANC) 
(P4) ETRA Investigacion y Desarrollo SA (ETRA) 
(P5) Akhela SRL (AKH) 
(P6) Suministros Especiales Alginetenses Coop.V. (ECA) 
(P7) Linz AG für Energie, Telekommunikation, Verkehr und Kommunale Dienste (LINZ AG) 

COUNTRY

Germany
United Kingdom
Spain
Italy
Spain
Austria

136

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

PREEMPTIVE /Preventive Methodology and Tools to Protect 
Utilities

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

PREEMPTIVE enhances existing security frameworks with 

the aim of harmonizing Risk and Vulnerability Assess-

607093

Total Cost   

€5,204,569.68 

EU Contribution  

€ 3,831,016.24 

Starting Date  

01/03/2014

Duration 

36 months

VITROCISET S.P.A. 

(VITRO)

Giorgio Sinibaldi

Via Tiburtina, 1020

PREEMPTIVE’s goal is to provide an innovative solution 

ment methods, standard policies and procedures and 

against cyber attacks that target utility networks by 

applicable regulations or recommendations. In details 

enhancing existing methods and conceiving new tools. 

ISO/IEC 27000 family of standards will be considered as 

PREEMPTIVE addresses the prevention of cyber attacks 

well as the outcomes coming from other FP7 projects: 

against hardware and software systems such as DCS, 

NI2S3, MICIE and COCKPITCI dealing with Cyber Security 

SCADA, PLC, networked electronic sensing, and monitor-

and Critical Infrastructure protection.

ing and diagnostic systems used by the utilities networks. 

Moreover, the research aims to implement detection 

Results 

tools based on a dual approach comprised of low direct 

detection and process misbehavior detection. 

The purpose of PREEMPTIVE was to research cyber-at-

tacks taking into account both industrial process behav-

PREEMPTIVE proposes to enhance existing methodologi-

iour and communication and software-related threats. 

cal security and prevention frameworks with the aim of 

00156 – Rome – Italy

harmonizing Risk and Vulnerability Assessment methods, 

The project’s main achievements include:

Contact

standard policies, procedures, and applicable regula-

Giorgio Sinibaldi  

tions or recommendations to prevent cyber attacks. Its 

Utility network Taxonomy 

Tel  : +39 068820 4394

dual approach takes into account both the industrial 

Mobile  : +39 3346196030

process misbehavior analysis (physical domain) and the 

» Analysis of three utility sectors: electricity, gas and 

Fax: +39 068820 4269

communication & software anomalies (cyber domain).

water 

E-mail  :  

g.sinibaldi@vitrociset.it

Description of the work 

» Development of cyber-attack scenarios

Website  : 

www.vitrociset.com

PREEMPTIVE proposes to face the new threats trends 

Ethics, Social Impact, Regulations & Recommendations

against SCADA and industrial networks, using jointly a 

methodology framework and innovative techniques; both 

» Creation of a list of high-level legal and ethical re-

will be strongly related in order to fill the existing gaps 

quirements 

among security policy, practices and technologies. The 

heavy involvement of the utility companies partnered 

» Analysis of the implementation of the legal and ethi-

within the consortium assures the feasibility of this goal. 

cal guidelines

A specific “host based” technique will be developed in 

PREEMPTIVE Methodology Framework for utility networks

order to contrast transmission through personal devices. 

The impact of the “host based” tool envisaged will also 

» Defined state-of-the-art security frameworks, stand-

be within the sector of the “cloud technologies” especially 

ards and recommendations

for securing storage spaces.

» Provided a collection of countermeasures taken from 

existing security frameworks

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Cyber crimePREEMPTIVE

137

» Defined challenges facing owners of critical infrastruc-

» Gap analysis for protection of ICS/SCADA components

ture regarding cybersecurity

Industrial process misbehaviour detection

» Exploited the capabilities provided by other tools of the 
PREEMPTIVE platform to discover advanced persistent 

threats and complex threats in the system

» Designed and implemented an anomaly-and-misbe-
haviour detection tool for use at the industrial process 

» Created a suite of tools aimed at detecting cyber-

level of critical infrastructure identifying cyber-attacks 

attacks from a network vantage point

Communication & software related threats prevention 

and detection

» Network-based intrusion detection solutions for Indus-
trial Control Systems/ Supervisory Control and Data 

Acquisition (ICS/SCADA)

PARTNERS 

Vitrociset  SpA (Vitro) 
Universiteit Twente (UT) 
SecurityMatters BV (SM) 
Aplicaciones en Informática Avanzada S.L. (AIA) 
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V (IOSB) 
HW Communication Limited (HWC) 
Università degli studi Roma Tre (UNIROMA) 
European Network for Cyber Security U.A. (ENCS) 
Israel Electric Corporation Limited (IEC) 
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven) 
Fundacio Institut de Recerca de l’energia de Catalunya (IREC) 
Harnser Ltd (HARNSER) 

COUNTRY

Italy
The Netherlands
The Netherlands
Spain
Germany
United Kingdom
Italy
The Netherlands
Israel
Belgium
Spain
United Kingdom

138

SAWSOC /Situation AWare Security Operations Center

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

313034

Total Cost   

€5,406,398.00 

EU Contribution  

€ 3,491,379.00

Starting Date  

01/11/2013

Duration 

30 months

LEONARDO SPA

Cyber Security & Information 

Assurance

The  objective  of  SAWSOC  is  to  identify,  implement, 

SAWSOC aims to effect a significant advancement in the 

and validate techniques to achieve the convergence of 

convergence of physical and logical security, meaning 

physical and logical solutions for security monitoring. 

effective  cooperation  among  previously  disjointed 

This entails the following:

functions. The project is implemented in 3 main steps. 

1.  Advancing and modernising some of the key physical 
and logical security technologies (namely: SOC, SIEM, 

The first phase, basically consisting in detailed definition/

planning of project objectives and activities, started 

Video Surveillance, PSIM, IM, Forensics, and Building 

in November 2013 and ended in late April 2014. As 

Automation)

an important milestone, the requirements have been 

identified and the techniques which will have to be 

2.  Developing techniques for correlating physical and 
logical  security  services  from  the  physical  and 

implemented by the SAWSOC components and platform 

have been defined. Second, the project will focus on the 

PIAZZA MONTE GRAPPA 4

electronic domains to achieve a consistent view and 

prototype implementation until mid-2015. Then, a first 

00195 – Roma - Italy

to be able to produce an irrefutable record of who 

workshop will then be organized, to present preliminary 

Contact

did what, where, and when

Giuseppe La Posta   

Tel  : +39 06 5027 4742

E-mail  : giuseppe.laposta@

3.  Implementing  those  techniques  in  an  integrated 
platform for providing sophisticated security services 

in 2016.

results to a wider audience, and collect feedback. The 

final workshop will take place at the end of the project 

leonardocompany.com

combining in modular way diverse information from 

Website  : 

multiple sources

www.leonardocompany.com

www.sawsoc.eu/

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Cyber crimeSAWSOC

139

Results 

management, energy production/distribution and the 

protection of public spaces such as stadiums.

SAWSOC sought to enhance security-monitoring facilities 

through effective convergence. It designed a platform 

Its resulting platform readily combines event information 

to gather data on all activities and events in real time, 

from different sources. It diagnoses the data using video 

including alarms, remediation/reaction triggers and the 

content management, a correlation engine, rule engine, 

collection of authentic electronic evidence.

forensic module and identity/credential management 

The project team ensured that the system can collect 

display alarms, actions and statistics that enhance user 

information  at  different  levels,  including  physical 

interaction and decision-making.

architecture, network, operating system and database, 

while handling the correlation of diverse information 

The  new  platform  will  enable  better  detection  and 

system. All is supported by a visualisation module to 

flows. 

diagnosis of attacks, resulting in more accurate, timely 

and trustworthy detection. The project’s technology will 

SAWSOC looked at the use of converged technologies 

help stakeholders in the security field enhance their 

for  protection  of  critical  infrastructure  in  air  traffic 

products and services. 

PARTNERS 

Selex ES (SELEX) 
Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per l’Informatica (CINI) 
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V (FhG-IOSB) 
The Israel Electric Corporation Limited (IEC) 
Enav SPA (ENAV) 
Intercede Limited (INTRCED) 
Espion Limited (ESPION) 
Lonix Oy (LONIX) 
Bergische Universitaet Wuppertal (BUW) 
Esaprojekt SP Z OO (ESA) 
Comarch S.A. (CMR) 

COUNTRY

Italy
Italy
Germany
Israel
Italy
United Kingdom
Ireland
Finland
Germany
Poland
Poland

140

k
c
o
t
s
k
n
h
T
©

i

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SECCRIT /Secure Cloud Computing for Critical Infrastructure IT

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Therefore, the mission of the SECCRIT project is to ana-

lyse and evaluate cloud computing technologies with 

The SECCRIT project is a multidisciplinary research project 

respect to security risks in sensitive environments, and to 

with the mission to analyse and evaluate cloud comput-

develop methodologies, technologies, and best practices 

ing technologies with respect to security risks in sensitive 

for creating a secure, trustworthy, and high assurance 

environments. It will  develop methodologies, technolo-

cloud computing environment for CI. 

gies and best practices for creating a secure, trustworthy 

and high assurance cloud computing environment for 

To  accomplish  this,  the  objectives  of  the  SECCRIT  

critical infrastructure IT.

project are: 

312758

Total Cost   

€ 4,802,313

EU Contribution  

€ 3,397,319

Starting Date  

01/01/2013

Duration 

36 months

AIT AUSTRIAN INSTITUTE 

Description of the work 

» identification of the relevant legal framework and 
establishment of respective guidelines, provision of 

OF TECHNOLOGY GMBH 

Cloud computing is a style of computing where elastic 

evidence and data protection for cloud services; 

(AIT)

IT-related capabilities are provided as optimized, cost-

Safety & Security Depart-

effective, and on-demand utility-like services to cus-

» understanding and managing risk associated with cloud 

ment

tomers using Internet technologies. Being one of the 

environments; 

Donau-City-Straße 1 

major trends in the IT industry recently, it has gained 

1220 Vienna

Contact

Thomas Bleier (Thematic 

tremendous momentum and started to revolutionize the 

» understanding  cloud  behaviour  in  the  face  of  

way enterprises create and deliver IT solutions. 

challenges; 

Coordinator ICT Security)

As more sectors adopt cloud services in their comput-

» establishment of best practice for secure cloud service 

Tel  : +43 664 8251279

ing environment, the trend will also reach ICT services 

implementations; 

Fax  : +43 50550 2813

operating critical infrastructures (CI), such as transporta-

E-mail  :  

tion systems or infrastructure surveillance. Hosting CI 

» demonstration of SECCRIT research and development 

thomas.bleier@ait.ac.at

services in the cloud brings with it security and resilience 

results in real-world application scenarios

Markus Tauber (Project 

requirements that existing cloud offerings are not well 

Manager SECCRIT)

Tel  : +43 664 8251011

placed to address. 

Fax  : +43 50550 2813

Due to the opacity and elasticity of cloud environments, 

E-mail  :  

the risks of deploying CI services in the cloud are dif-

markus.tauber@ait.ac.at

ficult to assess – specifically on the technical level, but 

Website  : www.seccrit.eu

also from legal or business perspectives. Traditional IT 

security measures cannot fully tackle the issues (e.g. 

risk, trust, and resilience) arising from this paradigm 

shift, especially for operators and manufacturers of CI 

IT systems. 

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Cyber crime 
SECCRIT

141

Results 

» A resilience framework, including anomaly detection 
in the cloud, an anomaly detection framework and 

SECCRIT analysed and evaluated cloud-computing technolo-

deployment functions for increased resilience of vir-

gies, specifically regarding security risks present in critical 

tual resources 

infrastructures (CI). It achieved the following:

» Techno-legal guidance: a set of “stand alone” recom-
mendations and guidance in legal issues and describes 

technical backgrounds 

» Tools for audit trails and root cause analysis: software 
prototypes launched as “CloudInspector” (supporting 

generation of audit trails and root cause analysis) and 

“PoWerStore” (for secure storage of audit trails)

» Risk assessment methods and tools: a vulnerability 
catalogue as input for a novel risk assessment meth-

» Cloud assurance profile evaluation method: description 
of an assurance method together with corresponding 

odology, developed in the project, and a tool in support 

proof of concept scripts 

of this methodology

» Policy specification, decision and enforcement for se-
cure data handling in the cloud: various add-ons for 

» Security guidelines to support CI providers in using 
the cloud: CI security requirements analysis and a 

“cloudification” guideline from CI IT – resulting from 

the usage control framework “IND²UCE”

consolidating existing guidelines 

PARTNERS 

AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH (AIT) 
ETRA Investigacion y Desarrollo, S.A. (ETRA) 
Fraunhofer IESE (IESE) 
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) 
NEC Europe Ltd. (NEC) 
Lancaster University (LANC) 
Mirasys Ltd. (MIRASYS) 
Hellenic Telecommunications Organization S.A. (OTE) 
Ajuntament De Valencia (VALENCIA) 
Amaris (AMARIS) 

COUNTRY

Austria
Spain
Germany
Germany
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Finland
Greece
Spain
Austria

142

DESURBS / Designing safer urban spaces

y
m
e
d
a
c
A

l

l

e
a
z
e
B
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

261652

Total Cost   

€4,161,929

EU Contribution  

€3,208,549

Starting Date  

31/12/2014

End Date 

48 months

» Establish a security events database with a repre-
sentative number of incidents resulting from security 

The project was divided into seven work packages (WPs). 

WP1 established an urban security and resilience da-

threats in urban areas; 

tabase that looked at a range of past urban security 

incidents and ‘near misses’. The database informed the 

» Create an Integrated Security and Resilience (ISR) de-
sign framework that engages local stakeholders in a 

identification of weak points in a variety of urban spaces 

in cities old and new, as well as the design of more robust 

local forum for finding weak points and strengthening 

and resilient urban spaces. As part of this development, 

urban spaces;

we created an objective scale for quantifying the safety 

and security of different urban space typologies and de-

RESEARCH MANAGEMENT 

» Develop GIS-based mapping and visualization tools 

signs. This was a key feature for showing that DESURBS 

AS

Fortunalia 14

NO-7057 Jonsvatnet,  

Norway

Contact

James Rydock

Tel  : +47 73919307

Mobile : +47 95907562

based on urban design case studies;

designed result in urban spaces that were less prone to 

» Develop  comprehensive  supporting  models,  tech-
nologies and tools for quantifying vulnerabilities and 

strengthening weaknesses;

and less affected by security threats.

WP2 elaborated an Integrated Security and Resilience 

(ISR) design assessment framework. This was a multi-

disciplinary methodology that engaged local stakehold-

» Develop and implement a Decision Support System 
Portal integrating the database, the ISR framework, the 

ers and focus groups to help recognize and understand 

the risks and vulnerabilities present, in the context of 

Fax  : +47 73918200

mapping and visualization tools and the comprehensive 

the competing functionalities (social, economic, aes-

E-mail  : jrydock@ 

researchmgt.com

Website  : www.desurbs.net

supporting models, technologies and tools; 

thetic, managerial) and limitations in a given urban area. 

WP3 developed mapping and visualization tools to facili-

» Develop an objective rating scale for quantifying safety 
of different urban space designs and use it to show 

tate efficient use of the project’s outputs. WP4 developed 

and adapted supporting models, tools and technologies 

that the DESURBS solutions result in urban spaces 

that advance the state-of-the-art for quantifying differ-

less prone to and less affected by security threats;

ent vulnerability aspects of urban spaces to identified 

» Carry out case studies in Jerusalem, Barcelona and 

design methodology within the framework developed in 

threats and risks, to be used to help carry out the ISR 

Nottingham. 

WP2. The WP2, WP3 and WP4 activities were informed 

and developed with reference to case studies in Jerusa-

lem, Barcelona and Nottingham, where the project has 

established ties with local governmental and municipal 

planning authorities. WP5 combined all of the above 

into an internet-based, user friendly Decision Support 

System Portal. WP6 and WP7 were for dissemination 

and management, respectively.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Design, planning of buildings and urban areas 
 
 
DESURBS

143

Results

DESURBS results include new methodologies, various 

Further outcomes involved development and testing of 

databases and software tools. The latter may be used 

mobile phone applications for crowd monitoring and 

either singly or in combination with the project’s decision-

tracking and for citizens’ communications with authori-

support system portal (DSSP). This easy-to-use Internet 

ties. The project also devised a tethered balloon system 

based portal is targeted at urban planners, designers 

to facilitate emergency communication. The DESURBS 

and engineers. 

toolset helps authorities plan for and manage urban dis-

asters, including natural and human-caused. The result 

The DSSP helps stakeholders to recognise and rectify 

means an improvement in safety for urban residents 

security weaknesses in urban designs, based on current 

and better emergency response.    

best practices. Certain databases estimate the strengths 

of common building materials, while others provide tools 

for assessing weak points in buildings. The package also 

includes a modelling tool for simulating urban catastro-

phe management scenarios. 

PARTNERS 

Research Management AS (Resman) 
Loughborough University (Loughborough) 
The University of Birmingham (Birmingham) 
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJI) 
Technical University of Crete (TUC) 
Centre Internacional de Metodes Numerics en Enginyeria (CIMNE) 
University of Southampton (IT Innovation) 
Bezalel, Academy of Arts and Design (Bezalel Academy) 

COUNTRY

Norway
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Israel
Greece
Spain
United Kingdom
Israel

 
 
144

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

ELASSTIC / Enhanced Large scale Architecture with Safety and 
Security Technologies and special Information Capabilities

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

312632

Total Cost   

€5,286,041.00

EU Contribution  

€3,472,071.00

Starting Date  

01/05/2013

End Date 

30/04/2016

NETHERLANDS  

ORGANISATION FOR 

APPLIED SCIENTIFIC 

RESEARCH (TNO)

Explosions Ballistics and 

Protection

Schoemakerstraat 97

PO Box 6060

2600 JA Delft,  

The Netherlands

Contact

Mrs. Ans van Doormaal 

Tel  : +31 8886 61294

Mobile : +31 6 11783040

E-mail  :  

Ans.vandoormaal@tno.nl

Website  : www.tno.nl 

ELASSTIC’s objective was to improve the security and 

The ELASSTIC concept was based upon the following 

resilience of large scale multifunctional building com-

key features:

plexes to natural and man-made disasters by providing a 

methodology and tools which enable to include security 

and resilience from the early design and planning phase 

1.  A comprehensive approach for designing safe, secure 
and resilient large scale building infrastructures 

of such projects. 

2.  A set of tools to enable architects, structural engi-
neers and building installation engineers to assess 

the safety, security and resilience of designs and to 

optimise the integral design 

3.  Coupling and integration of these tools into State of 
the Art Building Information Modelling (BIM) tech-

nology resulting in Extended BIM technology (BIM+) 

4.  Smart and reinforced building elements to measure 
the actual building condition combined with an in-

creased bearing capacity and resistance

5. Coupling and integration of BIM and BMS (Building 
Management System) 

6.  Real time information on the safety, security and 

resilience of infrastructure

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Design, planning of buildings and urban areas 
ELASSTIC

145

Results

Validation (Proof of Concept) of the approach and de-

The ELASSTIC complex was not only secure and resilient 

veloped tools were done by evaluating the design of 

to disasters, it was also  designed to ensure fast and 

a multifunctional, resilient, large scale urban complex 

efficient evacuation in case of a disaster. For a crowded 

(anno 2020), called the ELASSTIC complex. This ficti-

complex comprising  a large number of people, the de-

tious complex was designed in the project. This large 

sign of a smart evacuation system should be included 

multifunctional complex combined housing, shopping 

at the start of the complex design. Taking evacuation 

centre, transport node, business centre and entertain-

and safety installations into account in the design phase 

ment centre. In this design, safety and security were 

increased safety and was less expensive compared to 

integrated to make the complex resilient to natural and 

an evacuation system integrated after the complex was 

manmade threats.

build or at the final design stage.

PARTNERS 

Nederlandse organisatie voor toegepast natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek – TNO (TNO) 
Fraunhofer-geselschaft zur foerderingen der Angewandten Forschung - Ernst Mach Institute (EMI) 
Schüßler-Plan Ingenieurgesellschaft GmbH (SP) 
Siemens AG (SIE) 
Arcadis Nederland B.V. (ARC) 
Instituto Consultivo para el Desarrollo – Incode (INCODE) 
North by Northwest Architectures – NXNW (NXN) 
Uniresearch B.V. (UNR) 
Joubert Architects (JA) 

COUNTRY

The Netherlands
Germany
Germany
Germany
The Netherlands
Spain
France
The Netherlands
The Netherlands

146

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

HARMONISE / Holistic Approach to Resilience and Systematic 
Actions to make Large Scale UrbaN Built Infrastructure Secure

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

312013

Total Cost   

€4,144,140.52

EU Contribution  

€3,493,771.00

Starting Date  

01/06/2013

Duration 

36 months

The HARMONISE project will assess the vulnerability 

The project will culminate in a holistic concept of inno-

of urban infrastructure and will forge new opportuni-

vative technology exploitation. This will be achieved by 

ties for enhancing resilience of large scale urban built 

the development of a versatile, intuitive and interactive 

infrastructure. The concept will be designed for use by 

intelligence platform, with semantic data processing 

civil authorities/municipalities and other key stakeholders 

capabilities. Within this,all aspects of urban security and 

involved in the design, planning, construction, operation 

resilience are enshrined.

or use of large scale urban built infrastructure.

Specifically, HARMONISE will:

FUTURE ANALYTICS 

CONSULTING LTD (FAC) 

23 Fitzwilliam Square 

» Deliver supporting tools (hosted within the platform) 
for the design/planning stage of large scale urban 

(South)

built infrastructure development; these will be tested/

Developing a practical and holistic concept which ad-

dresses the range of complexities inherent in urban 

resilience, while fulfilling the objective of enhanced 

resilience in a sustainable way (and also ensuring ac-

ceptability by citizens). 

Dublin 2, Ireland 

enhanced through quality case studies;

HARMONISE will be a milestone project in the field of 

Contact

resilience, making a major contribution toward minimis-

Dr. William Hynes 

Tel  : +353 (0) 1 639 4836

» Provide an integrated approach to sharing building 
infrastructure and security information  including criti-

ing the destruction and lethality arising from a range of 

potential disasters. It will provide solutions for adapting 

Mobile :  

cal flows of materials/energy and sensor technologies 

and responding to disaster scenarios, while also integrat-

+353 (0) 86 852 4438

etc., while recognising the important role of security 

ing aspects for the long term sustainability of large scale 

Fax  : +353 (0) 1 554 7334

culture and societal acceptance aspects;

urban built infrastructure such as energy efficiency and 

E-mail  : william.hynes@

futureanalytics.ie 

Website  : 

» Be  conducive  to  complementarities  with  other  EU  
FP7projects, not least VITRUV, BESECURE, RIBS and 

http://futureanalytics.ie/ 

DESURBS;

multi-functionality.

Results

» Advocate and promote a significant exploitation pro-
gramme to capitalise on new market opportunities, thus 

The final validated version of the HARMONISE platform 

enhancing the pool of European expertise supported 

is an interactive, holistic approach providing versatile 

by a comprehensive education/training curriculum; 

support for end-users. The platform will contain rel-

and, ultimately,

» Improve the design of urban areas and systems by 
increasing their security against, and resilience to, 

new threats.

evant urban resilience information and host a portfolio of 

search, diagnostic, scenario modelling and management 

tools. Moreover, the platform will include educational 

elements that provide a ‘virtual centre of excellence’, 

and self-assessment tools that help end-users to assess 

the general resilience and security level of an existing 

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Design, planning of buildings and urban areas 
HARMONISE

147

or proposed large scale infrastructure. 

and adaptive governance measures);

Within the portfolio catalogue end-users will have ac-

cess to the “Harmonised Resilience Toolkit”. This suite 

» Engineering/construction/retrofit  tools  (for  best 
placement of sensor technologies, causal relationship 

of tools will include:

analysis for non-compatible building system elements 

» Dynamic approaches to Risk Assessment Methodologies;

etc);

» Integration software (integrated management systems 
to combine previously isolated building systems);

» Critical flows (sustainability) tools for energy efficiency, 

smart grids and multi-functionality etc);

» Educational  multimedia  tools  (for  promotion  and 

» Design and planning guidelines for resilience of large 

dissemination of HARMONISE concept).

scale urban built infrastructure;

» Socio-economic tools (includes societal acceptance 

PARTNERS 

Future Analytics Consulting Ltd (FAC) 
Teknologian Tutkimuskeskus VTT (VTT) 
University of Ulster (UU) 
Selex ES SPA (SXE)  
Fundacion Tecnalia Research & Innovation (Tecnalia)  
Bergische Universitaet Wuppertal (UW) 
Lonix OY (Lonix) 
Building Design Partnership Ltd. (BDP) 
LeighFisher Ltd. (LeighFisher) 
Ayuntamiento De Bilbao (Bilbao Council) 
Comune di Genova (CDG) 
University of Warwick (UoW)  

COUNTRY

Ireland 
Finland 
United Kingdom 
Italy 
Spain 
Germany 
Finland 
United Kingdom 
United Kingdom
Spain 
Italy 
United Kingdom 

148

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

INTACT / On the Impact of Extreme Weather on Critical Infrastructures

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

» Collect,  assess,  augment,  and  disseminate  best 
practices and measures to reduce risk: based on recent 

606799

Total Cost   

€4,390,414.07

EU Contribution  

€3,445,518.92

Starting Date  

01/05/2014

Duration 

36 months

NEDERLANDSE  

ORGANISATIE VOOR 

TOEGEPAST NATUURWE-

TENSCHAPPELIJK  

ONDERZOEK (TNO) 

Defense, Safety and  

Security Research

Oude Waalsdorperweg 63

The overall objective of the INTACT project is to offer 

experiences and applications, while identifying current 

decision support to critical infrastructure (CI) operators & 

innovative and/or new technology

policy makers regarding critical infrastructure protection 

(CIP) against changing extreme weather event (EWE) 

risks caused by climate change.

» Bring  together  the  stakeholders  from  the  various 
domains: climate researchers, engineers, first responders 

and crisis response organisations with CI owners and 

This overall objective concerns to:

operators convene in workshops and case studies

» Assess regionally differentiated risk throughout Europe 

associated with extreme weather

» Identify and classify on a Europe-wide basis CI and to 
assess the resilience of such CI to the impact of EWE

» Apply and demonstrate to stakeholders the potential 
of the INTACT methodology for a selected set of case 

studies: throughout Europe and for different regional 

settings and EW conditions

» Raise awareness of decision-makers and CI operators 
about the challenges EW conditions may pose to their CI

» Develop the INTACT Reference Guide (IRG), a WIKI, 
based on generalised/specific datasets, scenarios and 

simulations integrated within the different activities 

P.O. Box 96864, NL-2509 

» Identify  potential  measures  and  technologies  to 

JG The Hague

consider and implement

of the project

Results

2597 AK, The Hague, The 

Netherlands 

Contact

Peter Petiet

Tel  : +31 8886 64006

Mobile : +31 6117 00527

Fax  : +31 7032 80961

Description of the work 

INTACT (On the Impact of Extreme Weather on Critical 

Infrastructures) focused on decision support to critical 

To achieve the objectives the INTACT project will:

infrastructure (CI) operators and policy makers regarding 

» Collect and analyse trends, patterns and tendencies in 
Extreme Weather: based on recent historical trends & 

CI protection against changing extreme weather event 

risks caused by climate change. 

E-mail  : peter.petiet@tno.nl

data, extrapolations and future scenarios for various 

“INTACT Wiki” is the platform developed by the project 

Website  :  

www.intact-project.eu 

EW types is evaluated

where knowledge, tools and methods are shared with 

» Assess the risk and vulnerability of CI due to extreme 
weather: based on historical CI incidents, an assessment 

is made of future vulnerabilities due to EWE

the world. It includes data on:

» Climate change for medium and long-term periods

» Changes in frequency and strength of extreme weather 

» Develop a methodology and tools for risk management: 
bring together models & tools to support decision-

events

making for long term planning and design, and/or for 

» Changes in induced hazards

crisis management

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Design, planning of buildings and urban areas» Advanced tools and methods used in risk assessment

» CI operators, by improving their awareness, preventive 
actions,  response  and  recovery  options  for  future 

» Identified extreme weather vulnerabilities for specific CI

extreme weather events and the potential impact on 

» Assessed best practices on mitigation measures

their CI

INTACT used a general risk-management process to guide 

» Academia  and  scientists,  by  stimulating  a 
multidisciplinary approach to create new methodologies 

the user through such a large database. The method 

and technologies, to reduce the vulnerability of CI, and 

recognises the circular nature of risk management, which 

to mitigate extreme weather effects

INTACT

149

may require the review of risk analysis and assessment 

after implementation of risk reduction control measures. 

Each step describes why specific tools/methods are ap-

plicable, and how they should be used.

INTACT offers value-added to:

» Policy planners, by improving decision-making when 
taking measures to protect CI against current and 

future EWE

PARTNERS 

Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici S.c.a.r.l. (CMCC) 
Stichting DELTARES (DELTARES) 
Future Analytics Consulting Limited (FAC) 
DRAGADOS SA (DRAGADOS) 
HR Wallingford Limited (HRW) 
PANTEIA BV (PANTEIA) 
Stiftelsen Norges Geotekniske Institutt (NGI) 
Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC) 
University of Ulster (ULSTER) 
University of Stuttgart (USTUTT) 
Teknologian Tutkimuskeskus VTT (VTT) 

COUNTRY

The Netherlands
Italy
The Netherlands
Ireland
Spain
United Kingdom
The Netherlands
Norway
Spain
United Kingdom
Germany
Finland

150

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

RAIN / Risk Analysis of Infrastructure Networks in response to extreme 
weather

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

ture managers during an extreme weather event, and 

to minimise the latter’s impact by developing mitigation 

608166

Total Cost   

€4,771,603

EU Contribution  

€3,493,600

Starting Date  

01/05/2014

Duration 

36 months

TRINITY COLLEGE 

DUBLIN (TCD) 

In recent years, a variety of extreme weather events 

and response strategies. These tools were implemented 

have threatened and damaged many different regions 

within a novel Europe-wide operational and response 

across Europe and worldwide. These events can have a 

strategy that emerged from this research. The ability of 

devastating impact on critical infrastructure systems. 

this response plan to cut across borders was guaranteed 

by the pan-European multi-disciplinary consortium.

RAIN’s vision was to develop a systematic risk manage-

ment framework that explicitly considers the impacts of 

extreme weather events on critical infrastructure and 

developed a series of mitigation tools to enhance the 

security of the pan-European infrastructure network. 

This project quantified the complex interactions between 

Department of Civil, Struc-

weather events and land-based infrastructure systems. 

tural and Environmental 

RAIN facilitated a cross-European collaborative platform, 

Results

Engineering

supported by the necessary tools and methodologies, 

Museum Building, Trinity 

where relevant stakeholders can share data, results of 

Extreme weather events (EWEs) have threatened and 

College Dublin

model simulations, and operational strategies in a seam-

damaged many regions across Europe in recent years, 

Dublin 2 – Dublin – Ireland 

less, efficient, and effective way.

including devastating impact on critical infrastructure 

Contact

Dr. Alan O’Connor

Tel  : +353 1 896 1822

Mobile : +353 87 2848935

Fax  : +353 1 6773072

E-mail  : alan.oconnor@tcd.ie

Website  : www.rain-project.eu

Description of the work 

(CI) systems.  

The RAIN project’s multidisciplinary team of engineers, 

sociologists, meteorologists, climatologists, CI owners/

operators and security experts examined these EWEs 

and their impact on CI to create severe weather inten-

sity thresholds. The probability of occurrence of EWEs 

was predicted via novel methods and projections using 

regional climate models. 

Transport, energy and telecommunications infrastructure 

were all considered and risk mitigation strategies were 

RAIN’s resulting “Gridded Datasets” is an important re-

developed. This was achieved by developing an opera-

source made freely available via an online repository.

tional analysis framework that considered the impact 

of individual hazards on specific infrastructure systems, 

Methodologies for assessing the vulnerability of land 

and the coupled interdependencies of critical infrastruc-

transport (road & rail), energy and telecommunications 

ture through robust risk and uncertainty modelling. The 

infrastructure were also developed. Case studies high-

framework considered cascading hazards, cascading 

lighted important considerations and lessons learned. 

effects and time dependent vulnerabilities, with the ul-

Finally, methods for assessing societal vulnerability were 

timate objective of developing practical software tools 

elaborated by the project and are detailed in the project’s 

and guidelines to provide support to European infrastruc-

deliverables.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Design, planning of buildings and urban areasA major innovation of the RAIN project was its devel-

opment of a risk-based decision making framework for 

single events and the cascading effects of either single or 

multiple-hazard events. The tool helps the investigation 

of risk reduction via a selection of alternative mitigation 

strategies. 

Ultimately, RAIN’s outputs will support decision-making 

in the long-term and secure new robust infrastructure 

development, while helping protect existing infrastructure 

against changing climates and increasingly unpredictable 

weather patterns.

PARTNERS 

Trinity College Dublin (TCD) 
European Severe Storms Laboratory e.V. (ESSL) 
Zilinska Univerzita V Ziline (UNIZA) 
Delft University of Technology (TU-Delft) 
Gavin and Doherty Geosolutions Ltd.  (GDG) 
Dragados S.A. (DSA) 
Freie Universität Berlin.  (FU-Berlin) 
Roughan &O’Donovan  (ROD) 
Hellenberg International (HI) 
Institute of International Sociology of Gorizia  (ISIG) 
PSJ (PSJ) 
Finnish Meteorological Institute  (FMI) 
Youris.com  (youris) 
Independent Power Transmission Operators (IPTO) 
Aplicaciones en Informatica Avanzada SL (AIA) 

RAIN

151

COUNTRY

Ireland
Germany
Slovakia
The Netherlands
Ireland
Spain
Germany
Ireland
Finland
Italy
The Netherlands
Finland
Italy
Greece
Spain

152

RIBS / Resilient infrastructure and building security

E
A
C
O
C
©

.

m
o
c
o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

-

d
i
k
e
e
t

©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

242497

Total Cost   

€ 4,406,966.80

EU Contribution  

€ 3,321,957.80

Starting Date  

01/11/2010

Duration 

36 months

Objective 1
To characterise a range of existing and emerging (i) se-

The RIBS-project supports the design of effective and 

viable integrated security measures aimed at protect-

curity threats and (ii) protection measures, and integrate 

ing infrastructures without impacting on their business 

the results into a single comprehensive multi-layer model 

dynamics. In a global context where national interests 

that can be used for vulnerability analysis. 

are increasingly interrelated, the most vulnerable infra-

Objective 2
To characterise relevant physical and non physical ele-

structures in Europe, and particularly the most critical 

ones, are primary targets for terrorists. Attacks, carried 

out under a national, political, or religious banner, now 

ments of buildings, and integrate the results into a single 

strike regularly in our cities, causing deaths, damage 

UNIVERSITY COLLEGE 

comprehensive multi-layer model that can be used for 

and disruption on an unprecedented scale. In the past 

LONDON

vulnerability analysis.

seven years alone, 1300 terrorist incidents have taken 

Department of Security and 

place on European soil. 

Crime Science

2 - 16 Torrington Place

Objective 3
To design and implement an effective vulnerability analy-

The RIBS project will deliver more effective and viable 

WC1E 7HN, London,  

sis technique utilizing models of the “complex threat” and 

security measures by supporting a design process that 

UNITED KINGDOM

the “complex infrastructure” and use this technique to 

integrates a broader understanding of the environment 

Contact

Dr Hervé Borrion

analyse the protection measures of an existing building.

(and the contextual factors such as human elements) 

within which these measures are meant to be imple-

Tel  : +44 (0) 20 3108 3194

Fax  : +44 (0) 20 3108 3088

Objective 4
To develop a method for defining suitable requirements 

mented. 

E-mail  : h.borrion@ucl.ac.uk

for the design of infrastructure-specific protection meas-

The particular objectives of the project include a set of 

Website  : www.ribs-project.eu

ures focusing on functions such as detection, identifica-

functional and non-functional requirements that will 

tion, and authentication.

drive an effective security system design process, and 

a set of protection measurement techniques that can 

Objective 5
To develop and apply a method for assessing the level of 

be used to assess the level of protection offered by 

candidate security products proposed to be implemented 

protection of buildings provided by additional protection 

in buildings and infrastructures. 

measures against a range of security threats.

Objective 6
To determine, validate and promote the requested design 

systems aimed at securing buildings against hostile re-

connaissance, intruders and hazardous attack (including 

requirements and additional physical protection meas-

chemical, biological and explosive). 

This work will be carried out for a range of security 

urements through a field-study involving an existing 

building and end-users.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Design, planning of buildings and urban areas 
 
 
 
RIBS

153

Results

The RIBS-project will derive a scientific method for se-

curity system engineering design that can be challenged 

and improved over the years, similarly to other areas of 

engineering and physical sciences. The results include :

» Phase 1 : Study of a live building and its ‘eco-system’, 
its protection measures, and threats ; and integration 

of these elements into a single multi-layer model; 

» Phase 2 : Identification of vulnerabilities through inci-
dent analysis and protection-measures analysis; 

» Phase 3 : Development of design requirements.

PARTNERS 

UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON (UCL) 
TECHNION - ISRAEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (TECHNION) 
H.PETROPOULEA&CO (2E) 
KUNGLIGA TEKNISKA HOEGSKOLAN (KTH) 
DANMARKS TEKNISKE UNIVERSITET (DTU) 
EFI (Anonymised name of Partner) 
Aedas Architects Limited (Aedas Architects) 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
Israel
Greece
Sweden
Denmark
Greece
United Kingdom

154

SECUR-ED / Secured Urban Transportation - European Demonstration

i
r
a
g
r
a
M
o
o
a
P
©

l

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

261605

Total Cost   

€ 39,996,659.20

EU Contribution  

€ 25,468,072

Starting Date  

01/04/2011

End Date 

30/09/2014

SECUR-ED’s rationale was to create a global European 

The project set up demonstrations in Berlin, Madrid, Mi-

improvement in mass transportation security through the 

lan, and Paris. Satellite demonstrations were also run in 

development of packaged modular solutions validated 

Bergen, Bilbao, Brussels, Bucharest, Izmir, and Lisbon. 

through demonstrations, and made available to the full 

In all the city demonstrations the aim was the same: 

community of operators.

to increase security in mass transportation. Both peo-

ple and infrastructure security were addressed by the 

SECUR-ED brought together major operators and top 

project, as was a range of issues from minor offences 

industrial integrators to enhance the security of urban 

to major terrorist threats, all while taking into account 

public transportation in medium and large cities, through 

legal, cultural and societal environments.

THALES  

live demonstrations.

COMMUNICATIONS & 

SECURITY SAS (THA) 

Based on the best practices, in a very diverse societal and 

tions being proposed and demonstrated were possible 

A ground-up approach was taken to ensure that the solu-

AVENUE DES LOUVRESSES 4 

legacy environment, SECUR-ED aggregated a consistent 

and could be easily integrated into existing operational 

92230 GENNEVILLIERS 

and interoperable mix of technologies and processes, 

procedures. In the process, risks were identified and best 

FRANCE

Contact

Virginie Couderq

Tel  : +33 (0)1 73 32 28 28

Fax  : +33 (0)1 73 32 16 92

E-mail  : Virginie.coudercq@

thalesgroup.com

Website  : 

www.thalesgroup.com

covering all aspects, from risk assessment to complete 

practices shared.

training packages.

The demonstrations provided evidence of adaptability 

and inter-operability of solutions for the urban transpor-

tation environment, from procedures to video-analysis, 

CBRN-E detection or information management, including 

training, cyber-security and simulation tools.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Design, planning of buildings and urban areas 
 
 
SECUR-ED

155

Results 

proach can only be based on an ethical dynamic balance 

between societal benefits and prevention of unnecessary 

The security solutions demonstrated, whether procedural 

intrusive methods. This balance changes rapidly with the 

or technical, were strongly influenced by the growing role 

local context, the international (security) situation or the 

of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) 

evolution of the general use of technology.

in the transportation systems. But this does not change 

the fact that most of the assets have a life expectancy 

SECUR-ED – with its 41 partners, 10 field demonstra-

of several decades. This is why the prescriptions made 

tions conducted over Europe, its wide-spectrum Advisory 

generally consider their interactions with the legacy 

Groups and multiple studies conducted – has produced 

systems, as well as a future-proof vision within this 

a wealth of results encompassed in over 50 documents. 

same scale of time. 

In public transport, where the passenger is at the same 

website) draws lessons learned and makes recommenda-

time the main beneficiary of the security measures and - 

tions for maximum positive impact on mass transport 

together with the staff - the potential victim of resulting 

operators and suppliers as well as passengers, helping 

privacy breaches, the long-term vision of the security ap-

to improve overall quality of life.

A White Paper (available in the Downloads section of the 

PARTNERS 

THALES SECURITY SOLUTIONS & SERVICES SAS (THA) 
ALSTOM TRANSPORT S.A. (ALS) 
Ansaldo STS S.p.A. (ANS) 
Azienda Trasporti Milanesi (ATM) 
Bombardier Transportation GMBH (BOM) 
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) 
Consorcio Regional de Transportes de Madrid (CTM) 
Deutsche Bahn AG (DBA) 
European Organisation for Security SCRL (EOS) 
Edisoft - Empresa de servicios e desenvolvimento de software SA (EDI) 
Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer) 
HAMBURG-CONSULT Gesellschaft für Verkehrsberatung M.B.H. (HCO) 
Ingenieria y Consultoria para el Control Automatico, SL (ICC) 
INOV INESC INOVAÇÃO – Instituto de Novas Tecnologias (INO) 
European Commission - Joint Research Centre (JRC) 
Regia Autonoma de Tranport Bucuresti (RTB) 
EMEF, SA - Empresa de Manutenção de Equipamento Ferroviário, SA (EME) 
MTRS3 Solutions and Services LTD (MTR) 
NICE Systems Ltd. (NIC) 
Universitaet Paderborn (UPB) 
Régie Autonome des Transports Parisiens (RTP) 
Morpho (MPH) 
Empresa Municipal de Transportes de Madrid SA (EMT) 
Ministère de l’Intérieur, de l’Outremer et des collectivités territoriales Direction de la défense  
et de la sécurité civile (STS) 
Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Français (SNF) 
FNM SPA (FNM) 
Universitetet i Stavanger (STA) 
Société des Transports Intercommunaux de Bruxelles SSF (STIB) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
Technische Universitaet Dresden (TUD) 
Union Internationale des Transports Publics - UITP (UIP) 
Union des Industries Ferroviaires Européennes - UNIFE (UNI) 
Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus (VTT) 
Julius-Maximilians Universitaet Wuerzburg (WUE) 
Ingenieria y Economia del Transporte S.A. (INE) 
G. Team Security Ltd (GTE) 
AXIS Communications Aktiebolag (AXI) 
Turkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Demir Yollari Isletmesi Genel Mudurlugu (TCD) 
Selex Elsag S.p.A. (SEG)  

COUNTRY

France
France
Italy
Italy
Germany
France
Spain
Germany
Belgium
Portugal
Sweden
Germany
Germany
Spain
Portugal
Belgium
Romania
Portugal
Israel
Israel
Germany
France
France
Spain

France
France
Italy
Norway
Belgium
Netherlands
Germany
Belgium
Belgium
Finland
Germany
Spain
Israel
Sweden
Turkey
Italy

156

I

T
I
R
P
S
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

SPIRIT / Safety and Protection of built Infrastructure  
to Resist Integral Threats

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

242319

Total Cost  

€ 4,885,951

EU Contribution  

€ 3,497,684.50

Starting Date  

01/08/2010

End Date  

31/07/2013

i
i

r
r
o
o
t
t
a
a
n
n
d
d
r
r
o
o
o
o
C
C

NEDERLANDSE  

ORGANISATIE VOOR 

TOEGEPAST NATUUR-

WETENSCHAPPELIJK 

ONDERZOEK

Physical Protection and 

Survivability

Lange Kleiweg 137

PO Box 45

2280 AA Rijswijk  

The Netherlands

Contact

Ms Jolanda van Deursen 

The project SPIRIT (Safety and Protection of built In-

The required specialist knowledge on explosion dynam-

frastructure to Resist Integral Threats) is a capability 

ics, response of structures, dispersions of toxic agents 

project. The aim of this project is to provide the technol-

and injuries is available within the SPIRIT Consortium. 

ogy and know-how for the protection of buildings and 

Making this knowledge available and finding solutions 

people against terrorist threats and to minimize the 

that can be integrated into normal planning and building 

consequences of a terrorist attack in terms of number 

procedures is part of the work to be carried out.

of casualties/injuries, damage and loss of functionality 

and services, by providing :

Results

» tools to quantify the vulnerability of built infrastructure ; 

The scope of SPIRIT concerned resilience against CBRE 

» a portfolio of protective products ;

» a guidance tool for safety based engineering to re-
alize a required built infrastructure protection and 

resilience level ;

terrorist threats to large modern buildings where sig-

nificant numbers of people may be present. Based on a 

preliminary threat assessment, a representative range 

of potential scenarios (20 chemical, 12 biological, 9 

radiological and 14 explosive) was defined. Together 

with two concrete buildings whose structures are typical 

of urban landscapes, these scenarios formed the basis 

» a proposal on how to take a CBRE-threat into account 

for the quantitative vulnerability study carried out by 

in the building guidelines.

the project.

Description of the work

Extensive damage and consequence calculations (includ-

ing loading predictions, dispersion calculations, injury 

Tel  : +31 (0) 888 66 1289

Terrorist attacks with explosives (E) or chemical, biologi-

and lethality predictions and finite element simulations) 

Mobile  : +31 (0) 630 72 7331

cal or radiological (CBR) agents are threats with a low 

were performed to generate a database of results. These 

Fax  : +31 (0) 888 66 6932

probability but with disastrous consequences. People, 

extend beyond the initially defined scenarios and build-

E-mail  :  

critical infrastructures and utilities have to be protected. 

ings, offering options for applying the results to additional 

Jolanda.vandeursen@tno.nl

The societal community should not be disrupted by acts 

threats and structures.

Website  : www.infrastructure-

of terrorism.

protection.org

With regard to the protective solutions, multiple tests 

SPIRIT works on solutions to realize sufficient resilience 

and extensive assessments were conducted, thus yield-

of the urban infrastructure for rare occasions with mini-

ing quantitative information about the protection level 

mum effect on normality. Hitherto, normal regulations 

provided by the tested products. Designs of the studied 

and building guidelines do not take into account the 

protection products were improved and optimized, and 

CBRE threat. 

their costs were studied. Other available protective so-

lutions were identified through: internet searches, the 

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Design, planning of buildings and urban areas 
SPIRIT

157

previous experience of consortium members and expo 

visits. All available information is gathered in a portfolio 

of protection products.

Recommendations for a regulatory framework and a 

guidance tool were also developed based on the risk 

assessment methodology, consequence models and 

data obtained. The guidance tool enables a user to 

quantitatively estimate the risks and consequences of 

chemical, biological, radiological and explosion (CBRE) 

attacks on new or existing buildings and to optimize 

their protective design. There are two versions of the 

guidance tool: a publically available demo version and 

Numerical simulation

the classified full tool.

 Blast testing of glazing

Filter and detection system for C-threats

PARTNERS 

Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer-EMI) 
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) 
Schüßler-Plan Engineers Ltd (SP) 
Arup Group Ltd (ARUP) 
Hamilton Erskine Ltd (HE) 
Artemis control AG (ART) 
Ducon GmbH (DUC) 
Ionicon Analytik GmbH (ION) 
Corsmit Raadgevend Ingenieurs BV (CORS) 
European Commission - Joint Research Centre (JRC) 

COUNTRY

The Netherlands 
Germany
France
Poland
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Switzerland
Germany
Austria
The Netherlands
Italy

158

VASCO / Virtual Studio for Security Concepts and Operations

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

607737

Total Cost  

€ 4,151,940.00 

EU Contribution  

€ 3,037,341.00 

Starting Date  

01/03/2014

Duration  

36 months

The concentration of government buildings within urban 

The project adopted an iterative methodology enabling 

environments has become a source of serious security 

the constant involvement of security and crisis man-

vulnerability. To secure a government building against 

agement experts. It made use of the latest advances in 

multiple threats while maintaining a minimal level of 

interactive visualisation, simulation, crisis management 

transparency and accessibility requires an integrated 

and artificial intelligence to provide end-users with a new 

security approach. 

tool that significantly improves the way they collaborate 

to secure critical government assets.

VASCO addressed two important objectives. First, it de-

signed, implemented, and evaluated an innovative IT tool 

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

DIGINEXT (DXT)

that enables security professionals and administrators to 

Situational Awareness 

jointly formulate, test, and adjust security concepts and 

System Department

measures in a virtual environment. Second, it produced 

ZAC de la Grande Plaine

a knowledge and best practice database, which captures 

5, rue Brindejonc des 

dynamic and visual reference scenarios created with 

the VASCO system. 

Moulinais

BP 15872

31506 TOULOUSE Cedex 5

FRANCE

Contact

Stéphane Collins   

Tel  : +33 5 61 17 66 66

Fax  : +33 5 61 17 65 78

E-mail  :  

stephane.collins@diginext.fr

Website  : 

http://vasco.diginext.fr/

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Design, planning of buildings and urban areasCoordinatorInformationVASCO

159

Results

The VASCO framework aimed at researching, designing, 

and implementing the two main functionalities presented 

VASCO virtualised building and environment models 

to the user, i.e. the DMU Editor and the Security Editor. 

that contained adequate geometric features to enable 

The DMU Editor allows a user to construct a visual rep-

simulations and visual information to support location 

resentation of his/her environment, as a visual reference, 

recognition. 

in two stages. The first stage creates the surroundings 

of the desired facility, while in the second, the user can 

The project created a technical solution in three distinct 

create the interiors and façade of the facility.

but complementary tools: the 4DNSIDE suite, the VASCO 

framework and the Natural User Interface.

The Security Editor enables a user to construct security 

concepts, measures, and strategies. 

The 4DNSIDE suite enables any user to reconstruct DMUs 

of buildings without requiring the assistance of computer 

The consortium adopted an integration planning and 

experts, 3D modellers, or CAD operators. 

strategy that produced results with distinct boundaries 

and integrated them into a unified system, including 

hardware, software and a user manual.

PARTNERS 

DIGINEXT SARL (DXT) 
Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR) 
Centro Di Ricerca, Sviluppo E Studi Superiori In Sardegna (CRS4) 
Immersion Sas (ISA) 
Center For Security Studies (KEMEA) 
Crisisplan B.V. (CRISP) 
Försvarshögskolan, Swedish National Defence College (CRISM) 

COUNTRY

France 
Italy
Italy
France
Greece
The Netherlands
Sweden

160

VITRUV /  Vulnerability Identification Tools for Resilience Enhancements 
of Urban Environments

V
U
R
T
I
V
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

261741

Total Cost  

€ 4,520,921.80

EU Contribution  

€ 3,339,898

Starting Date  

01/05/2011

Duration  

36 months

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

FRAUNHOFER-

GESELLSCHAFT ZUR 

FOERDERUNG DER 

ANGEWANDTEN 

FORSCHUNG E.V

Fraunhofer EMI

Hansastrasse 27c

80686 Germany

Contact

Dr. Werner Riedel

Fax  : +49 7628 9050 677

E-mail  : werner.riedel@emi.

fraunhofer.de

Website  :  

www.emi.fraunhofer.de 

With half of the world’s population currently living in 

Based on urban planner requirements, including financial 

urban centres, the security of citizens is of paramount 

and procedural limitations and preferences, tools will be 

importance and a growing concern. Thus, urban planning 

developed on three different detail levels. 

practice must incorporate appropriate security measures 

for vulnerability identification and resilience enhance-

On the concept level, an overarching methodology will 

ments. Currently no software tool exists that enables 

be developed to generate suitable city planning alter-

urban planners to take these aspects into consideration.

natives. A computer support tool will assist the use of 

The objective of VITRUV is the development of software 

this method. 

tools that can be used for the long and complex urban 

On more detailed levels, algorithms are developed to de-

planning process. These tools address three different 

termine weak points in urban environments. On the plan 

detail levels. Based on an all hazard risk approach, the 

level, this will be achieved by the use of a database of 

tools will enable planners :

terrorist attacks and expert judgement using empirical risk 

analysis. This analysis can be used for a quick susceptibility 

» to make well-considered systematic qualitative deci-

and risk assessment. The second analysis will be at the 

sions (concept level);

» to analyse the susceptibility of urban spaces (e.g. build-
ing types, squares, public transport) with respect to 

» to perform vulnerability analyses of urban spaces by 
computing the likely damage on individuals, buildings, 

detail level. Here an automated (hidden) definition of a 

larger number of possible attack events will be encoded in 

algorithms and used to assess repeatedly the damage to 

different urban assets (building / infrastructure types, their 

structural members, load bearing concepts and functions). 

The detail level corresponds to an automated vulnerability 

analysis in technical terms and is based on quantitative 

risk analysis sizes. Hazard and damage analysis sizes will 

traffic infrastructure (detail level).

be computed for explosive, biological and chemical threats.

Case studies will be used to support the development 

of the tools as well as for the extended testing and 

evaluation of the results in the project. 

Tel  : +49 7628 9050 692

new threats (plan level); and

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Design, planning of buildings and urban areasCoordinatorInformation 
 
VITRUV

161

Results

user interface provides the choice of a wide range of 

pre-defined urban infrastructure types including their 

Increasing urbanisation drives the need for new solu-

use and cost. Fast analysis is based on empirical data 

tions for security issues on all levels of urban planning. 

extracted from the Terrorist Event Database, an in-house 

VITRUV developed computer assisted tools that enable 

database from the Fraunhofer Institute for High-Speed 

urban planners and associated parties such as archi-

Dynamics, Ernst-Mach-Institut. The software allows the 

tects or engineers to make well-considered, systematic, 

evaluation of the susceptibility of urban objects and their 

qualitative and quantitative assessments of urban areas 

users and their vulnerability. Quantitative empirical risk 

regarding security issues. In the long term, this result 

can be computed and conveniently visualised.

will contribute to more robust and resilient cities with a 

balance between costs and benefits.

An additional step allows predictions using physical 

All the tools were intensively tested over a 12 month 

period with representative users from urban areas in 

» Explosive threats and effects, together with enhance-

Bologna, Copenhagen, London and Waterford.

ment products and their costs

consequence models: 

One tool, SecuRbAn, provides qualitative but well-struc-

» Engineering tables to evaluate progressive collapse

tured decision support at the concept level before site 

maps are drawn. It assesses the potential relevance of 
security issues for redeveloped urban areas based on a 

questionnaire. It also allows the comparison of different 

urban configurations. 

Other “Plan and Detail” tools allow non-specialist users 

to undertake quantitative risk analysis. The 3D graphical 

» An engineering model for traffic disruption, calculating 

delay times and reconstruction costs

» Poisonous gas clouds (biological or chemical) with 

threshold concentrations for harm to humans 

PARTNERS 

Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der angewandten Forschung E.V (Fraunhofer-EMI) 
Crabbe Consulting Ltd (CCLD) 
Provincia di Bologna (BOLOGNA) 
West Yorkshire Police Authority (WYP) 
Schussler-Plan Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH (SP) 
Dissing+Weitling Arkitektfirma A/S (D+W) 
Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
Downey Hynes Limited (DHP) 
Sigmund Freud Privatuniversitat Wien GmbH (SFU-CEUSS) 
Decisio BV (DECISIO) 
Thales Security Solutions & Services SAS (THALES) 
London Borough of Southwark (SOUTHWARK) 

COUNTRY

Germany
United Kingdom
Italy
United Kingdom
Germany
Denmark
Netherlands
Ireland
Austria
Netherlands
France
United Kingdom

162

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

AFTER / A Framework for electrical power sysTems vulnerability 
identification, dEfence and Restoration

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Results 

261788

Total Cost   

€4,920,367.07

EU Contribution  

€ 3,354,193.93 

Starting Date  

01/09/2011

End Date

31/12/2014

AFTER focused on the physical security and operational 

Global vulnerability analysis and risk assessment of 

security of power systems, dealing with high impact, 

power systems: considering the possible threats (natu-

multiple contingencies and cascading events, defence ac-

ral vs. man-related; internal vs. external; intentional 

tions and service restoration due to catastrophic outages. 

vs. unintentional). The framework allows individuals 

to identify critical contingencies and to quantify their 

impacts and risks.

Description of the work 

Physical security improvement, by innovative techniques 

for early warning: to detect and to provide early warning 

RICERCA SUL SISTEMA 

Project objectives were addressed by defining a frame-

signs of physical intrusions into substations. The tool 

ENERGETICO (RSE S.P.A.) 

work, methodologies, tools and techniques to evaluate 

can suggest operational practices to limit the impact 

Via Rubattino 54

and enhance the security and resilience of complex 

of intrusions on the grid.

20134 – Milano - Italy

energy systems, in particular for:

Contact

Advanced defense of power system operation following 

Emanuele Ciapessoni  

» risk  assessment  (hazard,  vulnerability  and  impact 

severe grid outages, by innovative defence plans tech-

Tel  : +39 02 3992 5766

analysis);

Mobile  : +39 366 6352 682

Fax  : +39 02 3992 5597

» global defence and restoration.

E-mail  :  

ciapessoni@rse-web.it 

Website  : www.rse-web.it 

niques: to mitigate the risk of power system blackouts. 

The support tool integrates a security assessment with 

a case-based reasoning algorithm to find an appropriate 

emergency control action.

System restoration after major disruptions, by adaptive 

and efficient restoration plans: the restoration support 

tool, based on generic restoration milestones, allows 

minimisation for the restoration time by an adaptive 

construction of restoration strategies.

AFTER’s results will affect the way security and resil-

ience of complex interconnected energy networks are 

assessed, with resulting increased exploitation of trans-

mission grids, reduction of blackout occurrence, extension 

and duration. Defence approaches may be exploited by 

manufacturers, moving to commercial solutions for TSOs. 

AFTER helped carry the discussion on the risk concept 

to TSO level, paving the way for the introduction of risk 

approaches in operation.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication gridsAFTER

163

PARTNERS 

Ricerca sul Sistema Energetico - RSE SpA  (RSE) 
Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie,l’energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile (ENEA) 
Sintef Energi AS (SINTEF-EN)  
Stiftelsen Sintef (SINTEF-ICT)  
Universita degli Studi Di Genova (UNIGE)  
University College Dublin, National University Of  Ireland, Dublin Nuid (UCD) 
The City University (CU)  
Alstom Power Systems SA (ALSTOM Power) 
SIEMENS AG (SIEMENS)  
JRC -Joint Research Centre- European Commission (JRC ) 
ELIA SYSTEM OPERATOR (ELIA)  
TERNA - Rete Elettrica Nazionale SpA (TERNA)  
CEPS AS (CEPS)  
ALSTOM GRID SAS (AlstomGrid)  

COUNTRY

Italy 
Italy 
Norway 
Norway 
Italy 
Ireland 
United Kingdom 
France 
Germany 
Belgium 
Belgium 
Italy 
Czech Republic 
France 

164

CARONTE / Creating an Agenda for Research On Transportation 
sEcurity

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Results 

606967

Total Cost   

€ 1,376,260.00

EU Contribution  

€ 1,256,874.00 

Starting Date  

01/09/2014

End Date 

28/02/2016

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

FRAUNHOFER  

GESELLSCHAFT ZU 

FÖRDERUNG DER 

ANGEWANDTEN  

FORSCHUNG E.V. - 

FRAUNHOFER

The objective of the CARONTE project is to provide an 

The main result will be a research agenda naming the 

answer to the question of what type of security related 

important topics for future research on EU levels to 

projects should be planned to respond to current and 

improve land transportation security. It will include a 

future threats facing land transport. This includes an 

road-map for the timing of the activities.

analysis about current or planned approaches and their 

introduction and effectiveness level. 

The Research Agenda will show how to build up European 

Description of the work 

capabilities to ensure security in land transportation in 

an efficient way and how to avoid mitigating conse-

quences in case of incidence. It will also provide global 

guidelines on enhancing the surveillance of the land 

transport infrastructure.

The project is divided into seven workpackages, including 

project management and dissemination. In WP2 and WP3 

Specifically, the following aspects will be elaborated:

the state of the art frameworks in land transport and 

its security are analyzed while emerging risks and the 

Institute for Material Flow 

development of security related dangers are identified. 

» analyzing and describing the state of play in transport 
modes, including infrastructure, vehicles, processes and 

and Logistics

Hansastrasse 27c

80686 München

Contact

After the initial phase gaps for land transport security 

stakeholders, covering passenger and freight transport

are identified, potential solutions and approaches to fill 

identified gaps are developed. In the final work-package 

the research agenda is elaborated. The complete work is 

» identifying and assessing potential and future risks 
including cyber-attacks, ICT security and covering ter-

Joachim Kochsiek

analyzed by desk-researchers and the partners, expert 

rorism and crime among others

Tel  : +49 231 9743 395

interviews and workshops and consultation of a high-

Mobile  : +49 173 29 55 221

level-advisory-board.

Fax  : +49 231 9743 77 395

E-mail  : Joachim.Kochsiek.iml.

fraunhofer.de

» identifying potential and future gaps in security vs. 
security  measures  taken,  regulations  existing  and 

planned plus current research and its foreseen results 

» assessing the gaps identified and highlighting the 

needs for action

» analysing social and ethical aspects of security meas-

ures (human rights, privacy vs. security)

» reviewing and analyzing past and current research 
projects, their results and impacts on future security 

frames (which gaps could already be closed)

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication gridsCoordinatorInformationCARONTE

165

» respecting effects and frames on and from the Charter 

of Fundamental Rights of the European Union

PARTNERS 

Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Angewandten Forschung - Fraunhofer 
Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH - AIT 
Vienna Centre for Societal Security - VICESSE 
Loughborough University – LUNI 
SECEUR SPRL   
Fundación Tecnalia Research & Innovation - TECNALIA 
Szechenyi Istvan University - SZE 
Institut Français des sciences et technologies des transports, de l’aménagement et des réseaux – IFSTTAR 
Instituto tecnológico del embalaje, transporte y logística - ITENE 
The University of Security Management in Košice – VSBM 
European rail Research Network of Excellence - EURNEX e. V. 

COUNTRY

Germany
Austria
Austria
United Kingdom
Belgium
Spain
Hungary
France
Spain
Slovakia
Germany

166

COPRA / Comprehensive European Approach to the Protection  
of Civil Aviation

E
A
C
O
C
©

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

z
t
e
e
P

n
a
i
t
s
i
r
K
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

261651

Total Cost   

€ 1,303,301.80

EU Contribution  

€ 986,382

Starting Date  

01/09/2011

Duration 

18 months

FRAUNHOFER  

GESELLSCHAFT ZUR 

FÖRDERUNG  

Provide the European Commission and Member States 

Preparedness and protection against new threats while 

with clear guidelines for future RTD activities:

ideally improving the protection of passenger privacy, 

» Compilation of a comprehensive overview of end-user 
and customer aviation security requirements including 

security system strongly depends on the changing re-

quirements of the stakeholders involved as well as the 

boundary conditions like legislation and standardiza-

legal context in the European Union. 

mobility and public acceptability in the future aviation 

tion issues; 

» Analysis of new and emerging threats to aviation se-
curity using an all-hazard approach. Development of 

Workpackage 1 (WP1) will analyse these requirements 

(mid-term trends). The starting point is the state of the 

art description of the security systems. Further, the Eu-

a hierarchy of threats reflecting factors like impact, 

ropean legislative context will be described (preparation 

likelihood and timescale of threats to become relevant 

of standardization questions).

DER ANGEWANDTEN 

for Europe; 

FORSCHUNG E.V.

Fraunhofer Ernst-Mach-In-

titut (EMI)

Hansastr. 27c

80686 Munich

Germany

Contact

» Identification of current and future security technolo-
gies taking into account new operational procedures 

mitigating the new threats; 

» Systematic analysis and combination of technologies 
and procedures into holistic security concepts includ-

Dr. Tobias Leismann

ing organizational paradigms, social acceptability and 

Tel  : +49 761 2714 402

cost-benefit aspects;

WP2 will identify present, new and emerging threats 

with impact on the future. Information will be gathered 

from previous and ongoing European and national re-

search projects. It will also consider new developments 

for an all-hazard approach to providing a comprehensive 

prioritized list (e.g. destructive impact, availability) of 

threats to the aviation system.

WP3 will collect and analyse present security technolo-

gies and opportunities arising from new technologies 

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Mobile  : +49 170 769 5101

Fax  : +49 761 2714 1402

E-mail  : Tobias.Leismann@

emi.fraunhofer.de

Website  :  

www.emi.fraunhofer.de

» Creation of a roadmap of the European requirements 
on future aviation security research and recommenda-

(by state of development, required development costs, 

maturity and cost estimations of the measures). New 

tions for standardization, test and certification issues. 

concepts (technologies, processes) will be depicted. 

WP1, WP2, and WP3 results will be merged in WP4 : 

stakeholder requirements, threats and security solutions 

will be brought together into a multi-criteria analysis 

to assess security concepts. Assessment factors : cost-

benefit analysis, socio-cultural acceptance and privacy 

issues, the European legal framework and standards, 

possible synergistic effects between security concepts 

and aviation development in general. 

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication gridsCoordinatorInformation 
 
 
 
 
COPRA

167

In WP5 the results of WP4 will be translated into a 

Results 

research roadmap and recommendations for future 

RTD activities.

» a comprehensive list of threats to the aviation system 

through an all-hazard approach;

Management (communication/reporting to European 

Commission, workshop planning) of COPRA is performed 

» a catalogue of security technolgies;

in WP6. 

The WPs will be supported by expert groups in workshops 

aviation security research; 

(WS). WP1 and WP2 through workshop WS1. WP3 will 

be supported in WS2. WP4 will start with the output of 

» recommendations for standardization, test and cer-

WS2. WP5 results will be presented in WS3.

tification issues.

» a roadmap of the European requirements for future 

This all takes into account passenger privacy, mobility, 

public acceptability, stakeholder requirements and the 

legal context of the European Union. 

PARTNERS 

Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer-EMI) 
European Business School (EBS) 
Airbus S.A.S. (AIR) 
European Organisation for Security (EOS) 
Fraport AG Frankfurt Airport Services Worldwide (FRA) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
Morpho (MPH) 
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) 
Smith Heimann GmbH (SMI) 
University of Ljubljana (UL) 
KLM – Royal Dutch Airlines NV (KLM) 

COUNTRY

Germany 
Germany
France
Belgium
Germany
The Netherlands
France
France
Germany
Slovenia
The Netherlands

168

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

CWIT / Countering WEEE Illegal Trade

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

» Regulation 1013/2006 on Shipments of Waste

312605

Total Cost   

€ 1,868,303

EU Contribution  

€ 1,868,303

Starting Date  

01/09/2013

End Date 

31/08/2015

INTERNATIONAL  

CRIMINAL POLICE  

ORGANISATION  

(INTERPOL)

The aim of the CWIT – Countering WEEE Illegal Trade –  

Illegal trade

project was to provide a set of recommendations to sup-

port the European Commission, law enforcement authori-

In addition, the CWIT project carried out intensive data 

ties, and customs organizations, countering the illegal 

collection and an intelligence-based approach to:

trade of e-waste/WEEE (waste electrical and electronic 

equipment or e-waste) in and from Europe. The project 

» analyse the involvement of organized crime in the 

collected, studied and identified gaps in the current leg-

global distribution of WEEE;

islation in place at the International and European level.

Only around 3 million tons of an estimated total of 8 

» analyse criminal activity and crime types associated 
with illegal WEEE shipments, drawing on other work 

million tons in WEEE was officially collected, treated, and 

carried out to target illegal e-waste exports on an 

reported to authorities across Europe in 2010. WEEE 

international scale;

contains materials such as gold, copper, and palladium 

Environmental Security  

which  makes  it  very  valuable  on  the  black  market;  

» estimate the true volume of WEEE generated and the 

Sub Directorate

attracting not just illegal single operators but serious 

amounts inappropriately disposed of;

INTERPOL General  

organised crime groups. However this waste also contains 

Secretariat

hazardous substances such as mercury and cadmium. 

200 Quai Charles de Gaulle

» assess the typology of companies (and brokers) in-
volved in the export market and identifying those with 

69006 Lyon, France

The CWIT project was established to identify the policy, 

a criminal history; and

Contact

Laurent GROSSE

Executive Director,  

Resource Management

Tel  : +33 472 44 70 88

E-mail  : l.grosse@interpol.int

David HIGGINS

Assistant Director,  

regulatory, procedural, and technical gaps as observed 

in today’s business environment, and to suggest tangible 

» develop a detailed understanding of the destinations 

improvements.

and routes used to carry illegal shipments.

Description of the work 

Results 

Gap analysis

The Countering WEEE Illegal Trade (CWIT) project found 

that in EU, only 35% (3.3 million tons) of all the e-waste 

Environmental Security  

The project collected, studied, and identified gaps in 

discarded in 2012, ended up in the officially reported 

Sub-Directorate

the current legislation at the international and Euro-

amounts of collection and recycling systems.

Tel  : +33 472 44 76 23

pean level:

Fax  : +33 472 44 73 51

E-mail  : d.higgins@interpol.int

» The Directive on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equip-

Therese SHRYANE

CWIT Project Coordinator

Tel  : +33 472 44 71 60

Fax  : +33 472 44 73 51

ment (WEEE) (Recast) WEEE Directive 2012/19

» The Directive on the Restriction of the Use of Certain 
Hazardous  Substances  in  Electrical  and  Electronic 

E-mail  : t.shryane@interpol.int

Equipment (RoHS) Directive Recast 2011/65/EU

Website  : www.cwitproject.eu

The other 65% (6.15 million tons) was either:

» exported (1.5 million tons),
» recycled under non-compliant conditions in Europe 

(3.15 million tons),

» scavenged for valuable parts (750,000 tons), or
» thrown in waste bins (750,000 tons).

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication gridsCoordinatorInformation 
CWIT

169

4.65 million tons were wrongfully mismanaged or il-

investigative processes and intelligence will lead to a 

legally traded within Europe itself. The scavenging of 

comprehensive understanding of the issue. A set of 

products and components and the theft of valuable parts 

recommendations was tailored to improve the industry.

such as circuit boards and precious metals generate a 

serious economic loss. The intrinsic value of materials not 

available for compliant processing in Europe is between 

€800 million and €1,7 billion.

Better guidelines are required to distinguish used, non-

waste electronic and electrical equipment from WEEE. 

In addition, an EU-wide ban on cash transactions in the 

scrap metal trade would also contribute to improving 

traceability. Organised crime is involved in illegal waste 

supply chains in some Member States. However, sus-

picions of the involvement of organised crime in WEEE 

are not corroborated by current information. Increased 

PARTNERS 

International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL) 
WEEE Forum 
United Nations University (UNU) 
Zanasi & Partners 
Compliance & Risks  
Cross Border Research Association (CBRA) 
United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute (UNICRI) 

COUNTRY

France
Belgium
Japan
Italy
Ireland
Switzerland
Italy

170

DEMASST / Demo for mass transportation security: roadmapping study

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives 

Results  

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

o
t
o
h
p

Z
N
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

218264

Total Cost   

€ 1,840,549.50

EU Contribution  

€ 956,558.96

Starting Date  

12/01/2009

End Date 

11/05/2010

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

TOTALFORSVARETS 

FORSKNINGSINSTITUT

Division of Defence 

Analysis

SE-16490 Stockholm

Sweden

Contact

A so-called ‘phase one’ road-mapping project, DEMASST’s 

DEMASST set out to articulate an in-depth understanding 

goal was to identify the research priorities for a subse-

of ‘system-of-systems’ approaches to modern transport 

quent ‘phase two’ large scale Demonstration research 

infrastructure. Mass transportation security was char-

project in supply chain security.

acterised by the DEMASST consortium as a fragmented 

physical environment, with a multitude of principal actors 

DEMASST’s work aimed at three unique but mutually 

(i.e. public and private), and no single complete authority 

informative research goals, namely to develop:

or control over the system as a whole. The general public 

was also identified as the primary end user.

» potentially innovative policy instruments, notably in 
view of the varying degrees of maturity and fragmenta-

By focusing on these areas, the project developed a series 

tion of different national and sectoral areas;

of criteria and analysis frameworks for deciding which 

» a road-mapping methodology for the Demo project, 
notably in the form of system-of-systems models and 

tasks and capabilities in mass transportation security 

require attention from the Demo. Criteria included cost 

effectiveness, adaptability/applicability to transport secu-

criteria grids for prioritisation of potential demo tasks;

rity and the social and legal acceptability of a measure.

E. Anders Eriksson

» a specific road-map for general European mass trans-

These were contrasted against a range of tasks in trans-

Tel  : +46 8 5550 3747

port security. 

Mobile: +46 709 277 281

Fax  : +46 8 5550 3866

E-mail  :  

e.anders.eriksson@foi.se

Website  :  

http://www.demasst.eu

port security, from situation awareness and command 

and control to training and staff factors. The tasks were 

then compared to the three criteria areas in three po-

tential scenarios: 

» terrorists who aim to place hazardous material (e.g. 
a home-made explosive or fire-bomb) in a densely 

populated area in a mass transport system; 

» conflicts between opposing gangs (e.g. football hooli-

gans), which possibly escalate to a fight;

» a mentally disturbed person with a dangerous object 

(e.g. a knife).

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication grids 
 
 
 
 
Using a scoring system developed for this purpose, it 

was concluded that the following task areas should be 

the focus of the phase two Demo: 

» risk assessment-based command and control capa-

bilities;

» interoperability and information interfaces;

» learning and training;

» threat identification and detection capabilities; 

» tracking and identification;

» early intervention.

PARTNERS 

Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Ansaldo STS (ANSALDO)  
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) 
EADS Astrium (Astrium) 
Forsvarets forskningsinstitutt (FFI) 
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer-INT) 
Ingeniería y Economía del Transporte SA (INECO) 
Stiftelsen SINTEF (SINTEF) 
Fundación Inasmet (TECNALIA-INAS) 
Thales Security Solutions & Services SAS (T3S) 
Tecnologia E Investigacion Ferroviaria S.A. (TIFSA) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus (VTT) 

DEMASST

171

COUNTRY

Sweden
Italy
France
France
Norway
Germany
Spain
Norway
Spain
France
Spain
The Netherlands
Finland

172

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

n
o
s
i
h
c
t
e

a
y
n
o
s
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

DITSEF / Digital & innovative technologies for security & efficiency  
of first responder operations

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

operations with a definition of the role of FRs according 

to their defined missions); 

225404

Total Cost  

€ 4,180,383.81 

EU Contribution  

€ 2,798,517.50 

Starting Date  

01/01/2010

Duration  

36 months

SECURITE

Le Ponant de Paris

27 Rue Leblanc

One of the main problems of First Responders (FR) (fire 

fighters, police, etc.) in the case of a crisis occurring at 

critical infrastructures is the availability of relevant in-

» End-user inputs : Presentation of some typical in-
frastructures (arrangement of the buildings, legal 

formation for the First Responder itself and for the local 

constraints, emergency measures) and of typical iin-

manager. The loss of communication and location, the 

terventions of FRs;

lack of information concerning the environment (tem-

perature, hazardous gases, etc.) and the poor efficiency 

» Second Workshop  : Discussion and analysis of the 

of the Human Machine Interface (HMI) on the FR side 

technical and functional requirement issues; 

are the main current drawbacks. Therefore, during the 

SAGEM DEFENSE  

intervention there is a gap between the First Respond-

» End-user inputs : classification of expected functional 

ers’ situation (positioning, health, etc.) and the overall 

requirements in line with defined scenarios;

overview at their mobile headquarters. 

F-75512 Paris Cedex 15

DITSEF (Digital and Innovative Technologies for Security 

France

Contact

Philippe Clément

Tel  : +33 1 69 19 94 85

and Efficiency of First Responders operation) aimed to 

increase the effectiveness and safety of first responders 

(FRs) through information gathering and sharing.

» Third Workshop  : Presentation by the consortium of 
the selected technologies (innovated and/or improved);

» End-user inputs : Analysis and Classification of the 
most valuable future technical solutions proposed by 

R&D;

E-mail  : Philippe.clement@

DITSEF uses a network of sensors and localisation and 

sagem.com

communication systems, particularly in the event of large 

» Fourth Workshop : Presentation of innovative results 

Website  : http://www.ditsef.eu/

fires. Sensor technology can help warn against hazards 

proposed by R&D; 

such as gases and toxic chemicals, as well as assist in 

low-visibility scenarios. This technology can then be en-

hanced through an indoor localisation network, improved 

» End-user inputs : Analysis and comments with the 
R&D team regarding the proposed solutions and first 

radio data transmission and human-machine interface 

view of the integration in a systemic approach; 

technology to improve the efficiency and security of 

first responders.

» Fifth Workshop  : Demonstration with FR in a concrete 

Description of the work

The DITSEF project is organised in a number of sub 

» End-users inputs : Discussion on future needs and 
research plan experimentation and demonstration 

projects and 5 workshops :

program. 

site and scenario; 

» First Workshop  : The first workshop is dedicated to the 
common and usual scenarios which drive FR interven-

tions (analysis of potential threats, typical emergency 

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication grids 
 
 
 
 
DITSEF

173

Results 

The system demonstrator was tested in two different 

settings: a chemical plant and a large hotel. End-user 

feedback was used to define the results.

The execution of the demonstration was successful. The 

FRs could move across the scenario and their positions 

were constantly tracked by the command post. Tabular 

presentation of data detected the two hotspots of carbon 

monoxide. Thanks to the tracking of their positions from 

the command centre, it was possible to spread the first 

responders efficiently across the scenario so that victims 

could be found quickly. It was also possible to guide 

more responders to victims using voice communications.

PARTNERS 

Sagem Défense Sécurité (SDS) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
Cassidian S.A.S. (EADS)  
CENTER FOR SECURITY STUDIES (KEMEA) 
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) 
Elsag Datamat spa (ED) 
National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos” (DEM) 
INFITHEON Technologies Ltd (INFI)  
T - SOFT spol. s r.o. Praha (TSOFT)  
National Civil Protection Service Directorate General (MES-TDCP)  
SELEX Sistemi Integrati S.p.A. (SSI) 

COUNTRY

France
The Netherlands
France
Greece
France
Italy
Greece
Greece
Czech Republic
Bulgaria
Italy

174

EURACOM / EUropean Risk Assessment and COntingency planning 
Methodologies for interconnected networks

M
O
C
A
R
U
E
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives 

Results 

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

225579

Total Cost   

€ 1,038,290

EU Contribution  

€ 833,860

Starting Date  

01/07/2009

End Date  

31/03/2011

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

EUROPEAN  

ORGANISATION  

FOR SECURITY

Contact

Sophie Batas

E-mail  :  

Sophie.batas@eos-eu.com 

Website  :  

www.euracom-project.eu

EURACOM addressed the issue of protection and re-

In order to develop a common European methodology 

silience of energy supply for Europe’s interconnected 

for risk management and contingency planning, the 

energy networks. Its objective was to identify, together 

project began with a research framework to analyse 

with European critical energy infrastructure operators, a 

energy networks and their critical elements. This led 

common and holistic approach (based on an ‘end-to-end 

to two studies of: 

energy supply chain’ concept) for risk assessment and 

risk management solutions.

» existing risk assessment methodologies, which took 
stock and analyzed available international and Euro-

By establishing links and coherent risk management 

pean guidelines and good practices for risk assessment 

procedures across energy sectors and EU countries, the 

across the whole energy infrastructure chain;

resilience of critical energy services across the whole 

energy infrastructure chain should increase.

» common areas of contingency planning methodologies, 
which provided a review of current business continuity 

management (BCM) practices from various sources. 

This encompassed international, national and domain-

specific standards and guidelines. 

The result was a methodology that proposes principles 

for a wider and consistent adoption of risk assessment 

and contingency planning approaches in the energy sec-

tor. EURACOM’s draft outline for a common methodol-

ogy is available at: https://circa.europa.eu/Members/irc/

securejrc/jrc_euracom/home  

EURACOM also created a common platform for discussion 

and future decision-making at European level across 

all stakeholders of the energy chain. In addition to five 

stakeholder workshops, the project set up a permanent 

networking forum. This restricted website offers energy 

infrastructure stakeholders a place to share their risk 

management experiences. 

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication grids 
 
EURACOM

175

EURACOM’s findings, including the common methodology, 

will be fed into policy discussion at EU level, with the 

long-term goal of incorporating these practices into EU 

regulatory requirements to encourage further analysis of 

the legal, technological (especially cyber) and economic 

implications of common risk management across Europe.

PARTNERS 

European Organisation for Security (EOS) 
Altran Technologies SA (ALTRAN) 
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) 
European Commission - Joint Research Centre (JRC) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
Thales e-Security Ltd (THALES) 
Empresa de Serviços e Desenvolvimento de Software SA (EDISOFT) 

COUNTRY

EU
France
France
Belgium
The Netherlands
United Kingdom
Portugal

176

EUROSKY / Single European Secure Air-cargo Space  

y
k
s
o
r
u
E
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

312649

Total Cost   

€ 19,086,960.06

EU Contribution  

€11,708,124

Starting Date  

01/05/2013

Duration 

48 months

Improve air-cargo security and facilitation to safeguard 

Air cargo screening can sometimes miss small anomalies. 

international supply chains and the security of citizens 

EUROSKY now provides technology that can detect those 

whilst fostering international co-operation. The main 

small potential threats.  Via their ability to resolve slight 

project objectives were to:

changes in X-ray energy, advanced multi-energy detec-

tors are better able to detect these anomalies within 

» Provide systemic solutions for European air cargo 

otherwise benign cargo.    

security 

The automation of cargo screening is much more dif-

BMT GROUP LTD (BMT)

» Offer different stakeholder groups enhanced capabili-
ties for integrating preventive and reactive controls to 

ficult to achieve than that of checked baggage.  There 

are a number of reasons for this difficulty centred on 

Research Directorate

address threats in a timely and effective manner with 

the capabilities of large format imaging systems and 

Goodrich House,  

1 Waldegrave Road

optimised cost

the nature of cargo itself. Cargo is not homogenous and 

contains many kinds of items made up of a multitude 

TW11 8LZ – Teddington 

» Secure air cargo supply chains whilst also facilitating 

of materials. Checked baggage, on the other hand, is 

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

the overall process 

UK

Contact

Dr. Rory Doyle

Tel  : +44 208 6144 244

Mobile  : +44 7960 473 363

Fax  : +44 208 977 9304

E-mail  :  

Rory.doyle@bmtglobal.com

Website  :  

www.euroskyproject.eu

quite homogeneous as it mostly consists of personal 

effects dominated by clothing, which is why automated 

detection works in an operational setting.  

To improve the performance of cargo screening and 

thus to facilitate the flow of legitimate trade without 

compromising security, EUROSKY has developed a highly 

sensitive and selective method for capturing vapours 

emanating from both military and improvised explo-

sives, and analysing them within a few seconds using 

a transportable mass spectrometer. The sensitivity is 

one order of magnitude above that of present systems.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication gridsInformation 
 
Results 

EUROSKY delivered significant improvements in the op-

erator inspection of air cargo by:

» Reducing “dark regions” of the x-ray image 

» Increasing material discrimination (reflected in the X-
ray image) due to the use of multi-energy detectors

Both improvements yield better images for visual inspec-

tion, and allow the operator to make more informed deci-

sions about a cargo’s content.  These improvements will 

lead to an increase in air cargo security whilst supporting 

a reduction in cargo-screening times, thus boosting the 

flow of commerce.  

PARTNERS 

BMT Group Limited (BMT) 
Swissport International AG (SWP) 
Athens International Airport SA (AIA) 
Department for Transport (DfT) 
Conzorzio IB Innovation (IBI) 
Urbanos-Group SGPS SA (URB) 
Geopost UK Ltd (GEO) 
Fast Freight Marconi SPA (FFM) 
Heavyweight Air Express Ltd (HWE) 
Rapiscan Systems Ltd (RSL) 
MULTIX SA (MLX) 
Totalforsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Inlecom Systems Ltd (ILS) 
Conceptivity SARL (CPT) 
Mass Spec Analytical Ltd (MSA) 
ENIDE Solutions SL (ENID) 
Commissariat a l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA) 
MJC2 Ltd (MJC2) 
European Organisation for Security SCRL (EOS) 
Ingenieria IDOM Internacional SA (IDOM) 
CLMS (UK) Ltd (CLMS) 
IATA Espana SL Sociedad Unipersonal 

EUROSKY

177

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
Switzerland
Greece
United Kingdom
Italy
Portugal
United Kingdom
Italy
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
France
Sweden
United Kingdom
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Spain
France
United Kingdom
Belgium
Spain
United Kingdom
Spain

178

GAMMA / Global ATM security management 

y
k
s
o
r
u
E
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

GAMMA addressed air traffic management threats and 

GAMMA approached air traffic management (ATM) se-

vulnerabilities that stem from increased reliance on auto-

curity management by following a complete cycle of 

mation and interconnectivity between systems. It aimed 

activities, beginning with an initial security risk assess-

to develop solutions to these emerging vulnerabilities, 

ment to define security architectures and analyse the 

backed by practical proposals for their implementation.

most feared security threats.

Its ATM security solution built on the principles and 

concepts of security management, while maintaining a 

strong link to current international and European legal 

frameworks.

GAMMA developed seven prototypes, with its “Security 

Management Platform” prototype (SMP) representing the 

core of the concept, which was based on cooperative 

management of ATM security. 

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

312382

Total Cost   

€ 14,511,482.92

EU Contribution  

€9,124,760.00

Starting Date  

01/09/2013

Duration 

51 months

End Date 

30/11/2017

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

LEONARDO (LDO)

Traffic Control System Line 

of Business

Via Tiburtina, km 12.400

00131 - Rome - Italy

Contact

GIULIANO D‘AURIA  

Tel  : +39 06 41504448

Mobile  : +39 335 1629954

Fax  : +39 06 4150 2043

E-mail  : giuliano.dauria@

leonardocompany.com

Website  :  

www. leonardocompany.com

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication grids 
 
GAMMA

179

Results 

GAMMA implemented three integrated validation ex-

ercises. It demonstrated test cases for evaluating its 

concept with external stakeholders and experts.

The validation results indicated a wide range of benefits 

to be derived by fully implementing GAMMA’s approach 

to cooperative management of ATM security.

PARTNERS 

Leonardo SpA 
Airbus Prosky Sas (AIRBUS) 
Thales Alenia Space España, SA (TASE) 
Boeing Research & Technology Europe S.L.U.  (BRTE) 
Enav S.p.A. (ENAV) 
Lancaster University (ULANC) 
Cassidian Sas (CASS) 
Cassidian Cybersecurity Sas (CYB) 
Airbus (AIRBUS DS) 
Airbus (Airbus Cybersecurity) 
Deutsches zentrum fuer Luft – und Raumfahrt EV (DLR) 
RNC Avionics Limited 
Thales Research & Technology (UK) Limited (TRT) 
Società per azioni Esercizi Aeroportuali SEA S.p.A (SEA) 
42 Solutions BV (42S) 
Ingenieria de Sistemas para a Defensa de España SA  (ISDEFE) 
Administratia Romana a Serviciilor de Trafic Aerian (ROMATSA) 
Ustav Informatiky, Slovenska Akademia Vied (SAV) 
Thales Avionics Sas (THALES) 
Airbus (Airbus Group Innovations) 
European Aeronautic Defence and Space company EADS France Sas (EADS) 
CiaoTech Srl  (CTECH) 
Airbus SAS 
THALES UK LIMITED 

COUNTRY

Italy
France
Spain
Spain
Italy
United Kingdom
France
France
France
France
Germany
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Italy
The Netherlands
Spain
Romania
Slovakia
France
France
France
Italy
France
UK

180

HIPOW / Protection of Critical Infrastructures against High Power 
Microwave Threats 

y
k
s
o
r
u
E
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i
i

r
r
o
o
t
t
a
a
n
n
d
d
r
r
o
o
o
o
C
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

284802

Total Cost   

€4,756,371.25

EU Contribution  

€3,373578.97 

Starting Date  

01/06/2012

End Date 

31/01/2016

1.  HIPOW will conduct a threat analysis and risk assess-
ment of the occurrence of severe electromagnetic 

The scope of this project lies in three domains:

threats (NNEMP/HPM) and their likely modalities.

1.  the first is in methodologies for hardening electronic 

2.  HIPOW will investigate the influence of NNEMP/HPM 
pulses on civil objects such as buildings, energy units, 

2.  the second in the architectures and qualities of con-

transport, banks, communication systems, computer 

temporary critical infrastructures (CI), 

equipment against NNEMP/HPM, 

networks, computers and electronic units.

FORSVARETS  

3.  HIPOW will evaluate the efficiency of current pro-

FORSKNINGSINSTITUTT 

tection.

(FFI)

3.  and finally the standards, regulations and require-
ments governing the implementations of protection 

of CI against NNEMP/HPM  attacks. Currently, research 

on NNEMP/HPM is predominantly carried out within the 

Protection and Societal 

4.  HIPOW will investigate the feasibility of hardening 

military sector. The research has not been accessible 

Security Division

Instituttveien 20

Po.Box 25

N2027 Kjeller, Norway

Contact

Odd Harry Arnesen  

Tel  : +47 6380 7671

Mobile  : +47 414 08 365

Fax  : +47 6380 7509

measures.

for the civil sector and CI. Civilian research on the 

other hand has been primarily dedicated to protect-

5.  HIPOW will prepare a NNEMP/HPM detection and di-
agnostic systems as key tool for a risk management 

ing against relatively benign natural and man-made 

electromagnetic threats and radiation, and the health 

regime (sensor, networking capabilities and data fu-

effects caused by radiation from civil objects such as 

sion) and a risk management process.

mobile phones, medical equipment, etc.

6.  HIPOW will build on existing knowledge of NNEMP/
HPM protection and develop guidelines and input to 

E-mail  :  

standards for protecting civil objects against NNEMP/

Odd-harry.arnesen@ffi.no

HPM threats.

Website  :  

www.hipow-project.eu/hipow

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication grids 
 
HIPOW

181

Results 

The HIPOW project aims to develop a holistic regime for 

protection of European critical infrastructures against 

non nuclear high power microwaves (NNEMP/HPM). This 

includes a suggested risk management process for criti-

cal infrastructure organisation and enterprises, devel-

oping a NNEMP/HPM detector prototype, and prepare 

guidelines and recommendations on protection level, 

and giving advice on how to harden and increase ar-

chitecture robustness.

PARTNERS 

COUNTRY

Forsvarets forskningsinstitutt (FFI) 
Airbus 
Vojenský technický ústav (VTUVP) 
Instituto de Aplicaciones de las Tecnologías de la Información y de las Comunicaciones Avanzadas  (Itaca)  Spain
Spain
Grupo Etra (ETRA) 
Greece
National Center for Scientiffic Research Demokritos (NCSRD) 
Austria
Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT) 
Germany
Fraunhofer Institut (FRAUN) 
Finland
Net technologies (Net Tech) 
France
Le centre français de recherche aérospatiale (Onera) 
Norway
Defence Estates Agency (FB) 
Lithuania
Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (CPST) 
Great Britain
Qinetiq (Qinetiq) 
Denmark
Defence Logistics Organization (DALO) 

Norway
France
Czech Republic

182
182

INFRA / Innovative & Novel First Responders Applications

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-
s
e
k
a
o
N
n
a
c
n
u
D
©

n
n
o
o
i
i
t
t
a
a
m
m
r
r
o
o
f
f
n
n
I
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives 

Results 

225272

Total Cost   

€ 3,809,464.91

EU Contribution  

€ 2,642,895 

Starting Date  

01/04/2009

End Date  

31/03/2011

INFRA’s research goal was to develop new digital-based 

The culmination of INFRA’s integration work was its fi-

personal technologies for integration into a secure emer-

nal field trial. This was held in January 2011 before a 

gency management system to support first responders 

stakeholder audience of FR representatives from across 

(FRs) involved in critical infrastructure incidents.

Europe and involved an on-site demonstration of IN-

FRA’s entire technology at two locations: inside a tunnel 

This encompassed three broad objectives:

of Madrid’s M-30 ring road and a C2 centre located  

» the creation of an interoperable wireless communica-
tions system that functions in difficult FR locales such 

The  technologies  and  applications  demonstrated  in 

five km away. 

ATHENA GS3 SECURITY 

as subway tunnels or buildings with thick concrete 

Madrid included:

IMPLEMENTATIONS LTD.

walls;

5 Hatzoref St. 

Holon 58856

Israel

» the development of a robust indoor site navigation 
system, based on inertial and wireless sensors, a video 

» a robust ad-hoc mesh topology broadband wireless 
network for interoperability between standard FR ra-

dio sets;

www.athenaiss.com

annotation system for FR digital devices to generate 

Contact

Omer Laviv

Tel : + 972 3 5572462

Fax : + 972 3 5572472

real-time identification of hazardous materials such 

as gas leakages, and other sensor-based technologies 

» non-invasive biometric sensors integrated onto a wear-
able “finger clip” (and an early-prototype ear-clip ver-

for the individual first-responder;

sion) to monitor a first-responder’s vital signs such 

as blood haemoglobin and oxygen levels, heart rate 

Mobile : + 972 52 8665807

» demonstration in live environments to prove the con-

and temperature; 

E-mail  : olaviv@athenaiss.com

cept’s feasibility.

Website  : www.infra-fp7.eu

End-users were heavily involved throughout INFRA’s 

» lightweight optical gas sensors for detecting O2, CO2 
and methane levels, and radiation sensors for detecting 

various work stages, from requirements-gathering to 

x-rays, alpha and beta rays, among others;

the final demonstration stages.

» a video annotation system to enhance visual com-

munications among FRs and the C2 centre;

» the movements of  first responders who were tracked  

effectively in real-time while in the tunnels;

» a PC-based application, based on client-server archi-
tecture, to enable the C2 post to send information 

requests to first-responders.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication grids 
 
 
 
According  to  INFRA’s  research  team,  their  project 

achieved all of its technical objectives and, with one 

exception, tested and demonstrated all of the applica-

tions it developed. Moreover, it said the project’s novel 

technology solution could help revolutionise the end-user 

market since it allows all FR teams, command posts and 

critical infrastructure control centres to communicate 

with each other and to transfer digital data at high bit 

rates, including live video images.

“The field test showed that the main features, though far 

from complete at the time of the test, nevertheless are 

functional and deemed very useful by FRs,” says INFRA.

PARTNERS 

Athena GS3 Security Implementations Ltd. 
Halevi Dweck & Co. ARTTIC Israel Company Ltd. 
University of Limerick 
ISDEFE Ingeniería de Sistemas S.A. 
Democritus University of Thrace 
Rinicom 
Everis Spain S.L. 
Hopling Networks B.V. 
Opgal Optronic Industries Ltd. 
Research and Education Laboratory in Information Technologies 
Arttic Israel International Management Services 2009 Ltd (AIL) 

INFRA

183

COUNTRY

Israel
Israel
Ireland
Spain
Greece
United Kingdom
Spain
The Netherlands
Israel
Greece
Israel

184

ISTIMES / Integrated system for transport infrastructure surveillance 
and monitoring by electromagnetic sensing

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-
G
N
A
M
O
T
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

225663

Total Cost   

€ 4,367,950.73

EU Contribution  

€ 3,113,460

Starting Date  

01/07/2009

Duration 

36 months

OSSERVAZIONI DELLA 

TERRA ED I RISCHI  

NATURALI

c/o CNR-IMAA

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

The project activities of ISTIMES have been broken down 

into five activities :

The transportation sector’s components are susceptible 

to the consequences of natural disasters and are at-

tractive as terrorist targets. This is also due to the very 

» ACTIVITY 1 will cover the definition of user requirements 
of the system for the electromagnetic diagnosis and 

high social and economic importance of this sector for 

monitoring of strategic infrastructures. This is a key 

the European countries. On the other hand, the terrorist 

activity for the acceptance of the usefulness of the 

events of the last years have pointed out that achieving 

system from the end user’s point of view;

clear and concise situational awareness is a key factor in 

the crisis management. This entails accurate monitoring 

as well as the possibility of obtaining quasi real-time 

TECNOLOGIE PER LE 

information on the scenario of crises.

» ACTIVITY 2 will deal with the development of the IS-
TIMES e-infrastructure organized in three sub-infra-

structures : infrastructure for real time and interactive 

access to the information by end-users ; infrastructure 

In this framework, the ISTIMES project aims at designing, 

for enabling remote use of and control of instrumenta-

assessing and promoting an ICT-based system, exploit-

tion and processing of measurements ; wireless network 

ing distributed and local sensors, for non-destructive 

services for sensor communication; 

C.da S. Loja, Zona Indus-

electromagnetic monitoring of the critical transport in-

triale

frastructures. The outcomes of the monitoring system are 

85050 Tito (PZ)

in terms of detailed real time information and images of 

» ACTIVITY 3 will deal with the exploitation, improve-
ment, and integration of processing approaches and 

Italy

Contact

Prof. Vincenzo Cuomo

Tel.  : +39 0971 427229/208

Fax  : +39 0971 427271

the infrastructure status to be used to provide support 

measurement strategies for non invasive monitoring of 

to the decision of emergency and disaster stakeholders.

the structure at different temporal and spatial scales. 

Description of the work 

Several electromagnetic sensing techniques will be 

exploited and their performance analysis will be per-

formed in controlled conditions at state-of-the-art and 

E-mail  : tern@imaa.cnr.it 

The ISTIMES project aims at designing a prototype elec-

innovative test sites;

Website  : www.istimes.eu

tromagnetic sensing monitoring and surveillance system 

to improve safety and security of the transportation 

infrastructures. The system will use and integrate het-

» ACTIVITY 4 will deal with the implementation of the 
system and demonstration activities at two test beds 

erogeneous, state-of-the-art electromagnetic sensors, 

such as a highway-bridge in Switzerland and railway 

enabling a self-organizing, self-healing, ad-hoc network-

and highway infrastructures in Italy;

ing of terrestrial in situ sensors, supported by specific 

airborne and satellite measurements. The effectiveness 

of the system will be tested at two challenging test beds 

in Switzerland and Italy.

» ACTIVITY 5 will deal with the dissemination, technologi-
cal transfer and use-exploitation of the project results.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication grids 
 
 
 
 
Results 

» Dissemination of the ISTIMES approach and outcomes 

to public institutions and private companies.

» A prototype of an electromagnetic sensing (ES) moni-
toring and surveillance system based on an ad-hoc net-

working of in situ sensors and airborne/satellite data;

» 4D tomographic infrastructure monitoring thanks to 
the exploitation and integration of the ES techniques;

» Validation of ES techniques through experiments at 

two test sites; 

» Demonstration of the effectiveness of the system at 

two challenging test beds;

PARTNERS 

Tecnologie per le Osservazioni della Terra ed i Rischi Naturali (TeRN) 
Elsag Datamat (ED) 
Dipartimento di Protezione Civile (DPC) 
Eidgenoessische Materialpruefungs- und Forschungsanstalt (EMPA) 
Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC) 
Lund University (ULUND) 
Tel Aviv University (TAU) 
Territorial Data Elaboration SRL (TDE) 
Norsk Elektro Optikk (NEO)  
Telespazio S.p.A. (TPZ)  

ISTIMES

185

s
e
m

i
t
s
I

©

COUNTRY

Italy
Italy
Italy
Switzerland
France
Sweden
Israel
Romania
Norway
Italy

 
186

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

.

u
e
e
h
c
fi
a
r
g
o
t
o
f

©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

L4S / Learning for security project

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives 

Results 

225634

Total Cost  

€ 3,471,413.41

EU Contribution  

€ 2,415,768

Starting Date  

01/07/2009

End date  

31/07/2011

The L4S project sought to develop an easily deployable 

The project designed and developed the “L4S learning 

life-long learning service to improve the crisis man-

experiences service” consisting of advanced simulation 

agement skills and competencies of security personnel 

games and learning/networking applications. The L4S 

(notably top management). L4S simulation-based crisis 

portfolio includes the following air and sea transport 

management exercises focused particularly on air and 

crisis management simulation exercises:

sea transport disaster scenarios. 

» “IMPACT: The Crisis Readiness Online Simulation Ex-

The project’s target audience for improved crisis man-

perience”; 

agement skills comprised European corporate personnel, 

DELOITTE BUSINESS 

decision-makers and academic learners, with an eye to 

» “RECKON&CHOOSE! Air Simulation”;

SOLUTIONS ANONYMI 

strengthening the resilience of private and public organ-

ETAIREIA SYMVOULON 

siations in Europe. Three types of crisis management-

» “CRISIS TEAM”.

EPICHEIRISEON

c/o CNR-IMAA

relevant competencies were addressed: cognitive abili-

ties, affective and normative aspects of learning, and 

Apart from simulation games, the L4S portfolio also 

C.da S. Loja, Zona Industriale

the ability to perform an action.

contains a WEB 2.0 advanced networking and sharing 

85050 Tito (PZ)

Italy

Contact
Christos Konstantinou 
E-mail : ckonstantinou@

deloitte.gr 

Website  :  

www.L4S-project.info

tool named “CRISIS TUBE Leadership Learning Network”, 

as well as a supportive online workshop tool known as 

“OWL4S”.

The individual exploitation plans of the partners explored 

the potential use of three different types of L4S ap-

plications:

» Internal: organisations that integrate the L4S appli-
cations portfolio in their  internal executive training 

programs, offering employees and executives the op-

portunity to take part in this type of learning experience; 

» External: commercial entities that distribute the L4S 
applications portfolio to their customers in various in-

dustries, with possibilities for learning experiences to 

be bundled with existing business products or services;

» Academic: educational and academic institutions that 
integrate L4S training applications in their curricula. The 

L4S portfolio could also serve as basis for executive 

and vocational training.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication grids 
 
 
L4S

187

The consortium believes that L4S simulation games and 

applications can provide impact and visibility, along with 

the generation of a strong stream of revenue for those 

organisations choosing to implement them. The long-

term strategy is to set up an efficient Europe-wide B2B 

Channel for the diffusion of similar game-based learning 

experiences.

PARTNERS 

Deloitte Business Solutions Anonymi Etairia Symvoulon Epicheiriseon 
Oesterreichische Studiengesellschaft Fuer Kybernetik 
Alphalabs SARL  
Universitaet Der Bundeswehr Muenchen  
Athens Laboratory of Business Administration 
Universita Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore  
FVA SAS 
Athens International airport S.A.  
Creurers del port de Barcelona SA  
Frequentis AG  
Akad Wissenschaftliche Hochschule Lahr GMBH  

COUNTRY

Greece
Austria
France
Germany
Greece
Italy
Italy
Greece
Spain
Austria
Germany

188

NI2S3 / Net-centric information and integration services  
for security systems

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

r
h
o
K
n
o
r
a
A
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Results 

225488

Total Cost   

€ 4,325,739.94 

EU Contribution  

€ 2,711,640

Starting Date  

01/07/2009

End Date  

30/09/2011

The main objective of NI2S3 was to research and imple-

The basis of NI2S3 was a gap analysis of situational 

ment a reference methodology for developing security 

awareness  capacities  around  critical  infrastructure  

systems based on networked or electronic information 

protection in Europe. 

and integration services for critical infrastructure pro-

tection (CIP). 

The goal of this analysis was to identity where a network-

centric “information space” could be of use to support 

A key goal was to integrate information from numer-

CIP decision makers. This space was conceptualised as 

ous heterogeneous sensors or sources, in order to build 

a layer of interoperable ICT that can support the input 

up and improve situational awareness around critical 

of dedicated devices, public information and services 

VITROCISET S.P.A.

infrastructures.

Contact

Walter Matta

Tel  : +39 06 88202567

Mobile  : +39 335 7716488

Fax  : +39 06 8820 2288

E-mail  : w.matta@vitrociset.it

Website  :  

http ://ni2s3-project.eu/

to optimise resource management. Such a space can 

provide superior information on events and conditions 

surrounding infrastructures in an emergency, or for day-

to-day management. 

Scenarios and locations considered for this concept in-

cluded a new command and control (C2) architecture to 

support Polish police in the city of Kracow, an information 

service on Kracow’s public highways and an information 

service for the A22 highway in northern Italy.

These scenarios were used to assess potential “spoiler” 

inputs to an open information system – including such 

factors as hostile eavesdropping on information traffic, 

data interception/alteration for malicious purposes and 

the mass flooding of the system with “spam” or false data 

or to create denial of service via voluminous spam. False 

safes such as sensor kill-switches and data encryption 

were proposed to handle these threats. 

The final operational concept has now been submitted 

for stakeholder examination.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication grids 
 
 
 
 
NI2S3

189

PARTNERS 

Vitrociset S.p.A.(VCS) 
Università degli Studi di Firenze (UNIFI) 
HW Communications Limited (HWC) 
AALBORG Universitet (AAU) 
AGH University of Science and Technology (AGH) 
Comarch S.A. (COMARCH) 

COUNTRY

Italy
Italy
United Kingdom
Denmark
Poland
Poland

190

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

PANDHUB / Prevention and Management of High Threat Pathogen 
Incidents in Transport Hubs

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

PANDHUB created an integrated toolbox to help transport 

The management of large scale incidents can be divided 

operators and relevant actors develop their pandemic 

into the following phases: threat assessment, prepared-

and dangerous pathogen preparedness and response 

ness, prevention and protection, response and recovery. 

plans. The project covered aspects specific to serious 

PANDHUB collected and developed tools for each of 

natural or manmade pathogen threats in the transport 

these phases. These were tested via workshops and field 

environment.

exercises whose feedback will be used for validation and 

further development of the tools.

607433

Total Cost   

€ 3,986,784 

EU Contribution  

€ 3,142,004 

Starting Date  

01/11/2014

Duration 

42 months

TEKNOLOGIAN  

TUTKIMUSKESKUS VTT 

OY (VTT)

Digital engineering

Tekniikankatu 1 

PO Box 1300 

FI-33101 Tampere, Finland

Contact

Ilpo Kulmala  

Tel.  : +358 207223263

Mobile  : +358 405811310 

Fax  : +358 207223499

E-mail  : ilpo.kulmala@vtt.fi

Website  :  

www.pandhub-fp7-security.eu

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication grids 
PANDHUB

191

Results 

The toolbox includes modelling components to simulate 

the spread of diseases and evaluate the effectiveness of 

The resulting integrated toolbox included:

countermeasures. With the aid of the developed tools, 

» A threat and vulnerability assessment toolbox

against the threat of pandemics and assist in the crea-

PANDHUB will enhance the protection of transport hubs 

tion of safer travel environments.

» A preparedness tool set

» A response tool set, including a web-based data col-
lection and management tool for contact tracing and 

epidemiological investigation 

» An incident response coordination, cooperation, and 

communications tool set

PARTNERS 

Teknologian tutkimuskeskus VTT Oy (VTT) 
Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris (ASSISTANCE PUBLIQUE) 
Department of Health (DH) 
Institut de Médecine et de Physiologie Spatiales (MEDES)  
Itä-Suomen Yliopisto (UEF) 
The University of Nottingham (UNOTT) 

COUNTRY

Finland
France
United Kingdom
France
Finland
United Kingdom

192

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

e
y
h
t
u
L

n
a
v
E
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

PANDORA / Advanced training environment for crisis scenarios

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

225387

Total Cost   

€ 3,997,166.21

EU Contribution   
€ 2,930,000 

Starting Date   

01/01/2010

End Date   

31/03/2012

UNIVERSITY OF 

GREENWICH

Old Royal Naval College,  

Park Row, Greenwich

UNITED KINGDOM

Contact

Reginald DALY 

PANDORA is a crisis management project developing a 

To achieve the aims of the PANDORA project, the work-

training toolset and environment, which aims to bridge 

load has been broken down into 9 work packages : 

the gap between tabletop exercises and real world simu-

lation exercises. The project proposes a global approach 

to crises management, providing a near-real training 

» WP1 : User Requirements Analysis and design of PAN-
DORA functional specifications – will provide a defini-

environment at an affordable cost.

tion of both data and workflows needed to specify the 

proposed system and to clearly identify the processes 

The project will create an environment that can provide 

that are the basis of the system services; 

appropriate metrics on the performance of a crisis man-

ager actively engaged in the management of a crisis, 

with the environment providing : 

» A realistic and complete scenario with near real-time 
action, coherent with that expected in a real-world 

situation ;

» WP2 : Behaviour simulation and modelling - split into 
5 tasks : the first two consolidate the basic precondi-

tions for the behavioural planner, the third designs the 

general architecture of the planner, the remaining two 

provide proactive reasoning services to the planner;

» WP3 : Crisis simulation and modelling - focused on 
three main modules : (1) the crisis knowledge base, 

(2) the crisis planner that generates the conceptual 

high level network of events that constitutes the plot 

Tel : +44 02083319685

» Realistic emotional status, through affective inputs 

Fax : +44 02083318665

and stress factors ;

Website  : http ://PANDORA-

project.eu/

» The potential to include different crisis managers be-

for the scenario, and (3) the crisis modeller that tracks 

longing to different sectors.

the evolution in real time of the scenario;

PANDORA offers a focus on the emotional status of the 

crisis manager because such knowledge, in all phases 

» WP4 : Environment and Emotion Simulation Engine – 
seeks to integrate emotional human factors within 

of emergency management, is critical to the develop-

training programs for crisis managers, taking into ac-

ment of effective emergency policies, plans and training 

count several research topics :

programs.

• Relevant human factors in crisis decision-making ;
• Neuro-physiological testing and measures ;
•  Personalised and flexible training strategies. 

» WP5 : Environment design and building – seeks to 
authentically recreate the dynamic elements of the 

entire disaster environment, i.e. emulating a complete 

crisis room with realistic visuals and audio to create an 

immersive, chaotic and stressful environment;

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication grids 
 
 
 
» WP6 : Development, integration and testing – will de-
liver the PANDORA software product that can be con-

Results

sidered as a system composed of software subsystems/

The results of the project are available on the CORDIS web-

components implemented in different environments;

site http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/security.

» WP7 : Training testing, evaluation and assessment – 
will support the development of a robust evaluation 

methodology that complements the work done to build 

the PANDORA advanced training environment;

» WP8 : Dissemination and exploitation;

» WP9 : Project management.

PARTNERS 

University of Greenwich (UoG) 
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR-ISTC)  
Società Consortile a Responsabilità Limitata (CEFRIEL) 
Razvoj programske opreme in svetovanje d.o.o. (XLAB)  
Fondazione Ugo Bordoni (FUB) 
ORT FRANCE (ORT) 
University of East London (UEL) 
Business Flow Consulting (BFC) 
Emergency Planning College (EPC) 

PANDORA

193

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
Italy
Italy
Slovenia
Italy
France
United Kingdom
France
United Kingdom

194

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

PROGRESS / Protection and Resilience Of Ground based 
infRastructures for European Space Systems

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Control Centre (SCC). The IGSSMS will be an innovative 

monitoring solution for the detection of specific malicious 

Global Navigation Satellite Systems’ (GNSS) Position-

types of attacks. The Security Control Centre will analyse 

ing, Navigation and Timing (PNT) products are used in 

the impact of the reported disturbances to the system 

almost all important sectors and this trend will continue. 

performance and Quality of Service (QoS) and will pro-

pose mitigation strategies, including automatic system 

These products’ performances are characterised by ac-

reconfiguration.

curacy, availability, continuity and integrity parameters as 

well as the confidentiality of data in motion and at rest.  

Results  

607679

Total Cost   

€ 4,711,595.20 

EU Contribution  

€3,337,014.00

Starting Date  

01/05/2014

Duration  

36 months

PROGRESS focused on the detection and mitigation of 

» Risk assessment methodology 

COMMISSARIAT À 

intrusions to GNSS from highly educated attackers whose 

L’ÉNERGIE ATOMIQUE ET 

numbers may increase in the near future. The ultimate 

A comprehensive methodology enabling assessment 

AUX ÉNERGIES  

goal is to enable expanded intelligence in GNSS archi-

of threat scenarios on GNSS, including the potential 

ALTERNATIVES (CEA)

tectures so as to ensure uninterrupted performance of 

impact on society

CEA GRAMAT

services. The potential impact of attacks will be reduced 

ROUTE DE REILHAC,

through protective solutions, attacks will be detected 

» Security Management Solution prototype (E-SMS)

46500 GRAMAT, FRANCE

and analysed for impact and where necessary affected 

elements of the GNSS will be reconfigured.   

Centralized solution able to automatically detect attacks, 

Contact

Nicolas Ribière-Tharaud

Tel.  : +33 5 65 10 55 66 

E-mail  :  

Description of the work

Nicolas.RIBIERE-THARAUD@

PROGRESS focuses on improving the security and resil-

CEA.FR

Website  :  

ience of GNSS. 

analyse their impact and propose mitigation actions, 

including reconfiguration to ensure overall GNSS quality 

of service. The E-SMS  consists of:

• Integrated Ground Station Security Monitoring Sys-
tem (IGSSMS) with integrated detectors for cyber-

www.progress-satellite.eu/ 

At the beginning of the project, a generic GNSS system 

attacks (e.g. Denial of Service (DoS) attacks); RF in-

and its associated augmentation system was designed 

terference (e.g. jamming and spoofing); and physical 

and assessed with regards to vulnerability from inten-

attacks (e.g. explosive and high power microwaves).

tional malicious threats. The focus was threats which are 

generally considered to have a low risk of occurrence but 

potentially very large impacts and that have the potential 

• Security Control Center prototype (E-SCC) to analyse 
the impact of events reported by IGSSMS and to trig-

to increase in the coming years. The resulting prioritisation 

ger protection and/or mitigation procedures, including 

of threats and scenarios is being used as input to develop 

recommendations for system reconfiguration.

a prototype Security Management Solution (SMS). 

» On Board Security Unit (OBSU) 

The SMS will be a centralised solution able to automatically 

detect malicious actions with a built-in reconfiguration 

An advanced Telemetry Tracking & Command encryption 

capability to ensure the overall system Quality of Service. 

solution for up and down links between satellites and 

The SMS will be composed of an Integrated Ground Sta-

ground stations)

tion Security Monitoring System (IGSSMS) and a Security 

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication grids 
PROGRESS

195

» Further Infrastructure protection methods/tools against:

quirements, such as those to be fulfilled by Galileo (and 

• Network attacks

EGNOS), will make the need to ensure the resilience of 

European GNSS quality of service even more critical. 

• Radio Frequency (RF) attacks

The main benefits are: 

• Physical (explosive and high powered microwaves) 

» GNSS risk assessment methodology which includes 

attacks

risks with low probability but high impact 

Depending on the specific method/tool they are to be 

applied in the design and/or operation of the GNSS   

» Detection, identification, localisation and impact analy-
sis of advanced and emerging RF interference, physical 

» Social, economic and implementation knowledge and 

analysis

and cyber attacks 

» Protective and mitigating solutions, including reconfigu-
ration recommendations for RF interference, physical 

» Impact of actual/future GNSS failure and PROGRESS 

and cyber attacks

E-SMS resilience solutions

» Market analysis

» Business models

» Roadmaps to increase Technology Readiness Levels 

(TRLs) of technological results

» Advanced security of information and data transmis-
sion  for up and down links between satellites and 
ground stations

» Maximising of space system resilience, particularly for 
the types of threats we concentrated on, through pro-

viding prompt and accurate information which enables 

the maximum exploitation of the redundancy within 

Markets for cyber and physical security and critical infra-

the specific space system.

structure protection indicate there is a strong potential 

for the exploitation of the project results. PROGRESS tar-

Many of the approaches and tools developed in PRO-

geted GNSS so it is this market which the partners have 

GRESS could also be applied to infrastructure in further 

targeted as a priority. The development of downstream 

sectors, such as transport and energy.

service business models relying on advanced GNSS re-

PARTNERS 

Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) 
Crabbe Consulting Ltd (CCLD) 
DLR Gesellschaft für Raumfahrtanwendungen GfR mbH (DLR GfR) 
Thales Alenia Space France (TASF) 
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer EMI) 
Thales Alenia Space Italia SPA (TASI) 
Decisio BV (DECISIO) 
QASCOM Srl (QASCOM) 
Securiton GmbH (SECURITON) 
Thales Alenia Space España SA (TASE) 
Univerza v Ljubljani (UL) 

COUNTRY

France
United Kingdom
Germany
France
Germany
Italy
The Netherlands
Italy
Germany
Spain
Slovenia

196

PROTECTRAIL / The Railway-Industry Partnership for Integrated 
Security of Rail Transport

L
I
A
R
T
C
E
T
O
R
P
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

242270

Total Cost   

€ 21,632,880.80 

EU Contribution  

€ 13,115,064

Starting Date  

01/09/2010

End Date 

30/06/2014

The objective to provide a viable integrated set of security  

PROTECTRAIL designed an interoperability framework 

solutions, by considering the extent of the assets involved,  

built  on  a  system-of-systems  approach  into  which 

the nature of the threats, the amount of requirements 

asset-specific and interoperable security solutions can 

and the constraints. The integration will follow an in-

be “plugged”. This gives operators and infrastructure 

novative way and will extend the scope of the project 

managers the possibility to adapt their security systems 

beyond the mission addressed by the call. 

to changing security needs with minimal non-recurring 

The PROTECTRAIL will develop mission oriented vs. asset-

standards which facilitate the integration and communi-

specific solutions and will make them interoperable by 

cation amongst various security technologies. It is based 

costs. This framework consists of a set of rules and 

ANSALDO STS S.P.A.

designing a modular architectural framework where each 

on three concepts, namely that: 

Via P. Mantovani 3-5

solution can be “plugged”. This will provide the basis for 

16151 Genova

Italy

Contact

a streamlined process of federation, integration and 

1. interoperability is improved through standardisation  

interoperability.

2.  re-use of existing and relevant international standards 

Mr. Vito Siciliano

The project will ensure that appropriate solutions and 

are preferred

Tel.  : +39 010 6552976 

innovations are favoured over isolated questions and 

Fax  : +39 010 6552006

solutions, and will represent a comprehensive and scal-

3. simplicity is the key to long-term adoption.

Mobile  : +39 3489895875

able answer to rail security.

E-mail  : Vito.Siciliano.

Prof110@ansaldo-sts.com

The dissemination process will initiate a cooperation 

framework with the National and EU authorities and the 

standardisation bodies, in view of proposals for recom-

mendations to be adopted. 

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication grids 
 
PROTECTRAIL

197

Results 

PROTECTRAIL tested this interoperability framework dur-

The methodology for the integration of security tech-

ing field demonstrations  at the main test site in Zmigrod, 

nologies in PROTECTRAIL has worked and has shown 

Poland and  at satellite sites in Villecresnes,France and 

to be efficient, scalable and able to evolve  with time. 

Palermo,Italy). These tests concentrated on four priority 

This is due to its simplicity, non-proprietary nature and 

facets: an event-driven Service-Oriented Architecture 

standardisation. The integration of security technologies 

(SOA), network communications, video management, 

in the railway sector has thus been confirmed to be a 

and security technologies. PROTECTRAIL has met the 

complex but achievable goal, facing a broad spectrum 

challenges of both combining a large variety of tech-

of threats, from low-probability-high-impact events (e.g. 

nological and procedural security solutions, and rein-

terrorist attack) to high-probability-low-impact events 

forcing the strength of these solutions in a global and 

(e.g. copper theft).

coherent system.

PARTNERS 

Ansaldo STS S.p.A. 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
Elsag Datamat S.p.A. 
Union Internationale Des Chemins De Fer 
Selex Sistemi Integrati S.p.A. 
Bombardier Transportation GMBH 
Alstom Transport SA 
Thales Security Solutions & Services SAS 
Sarad GmbH 
UNIFE – The European Rail Industry 
Sagem Sécurité SA 
Ductis GmbH 
Železničná spoločnosť Slovensko a.s. 
Joint Stock Company Lithuanian Railways 
ItalCertifer S.c.p.a. 
PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe SA 
D’Appolonia S.p.A. 
Elbit Systems Ltd. 
Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix 
EPPRA 
Kingston University Higher Education Corporation  
SODERN 
Smiths Heimann S.A.S. 
Rail Cargo Austria 
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) 
Institut Franco-Allemand de Recherches de Saint-Louis 
Turkish State Railways 
MER MEC S.p.A. 
Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer 

COUNTRY

Italy
The Netherlands
Italy
France
Italy
Germany
France
France
Germany
Belgium
France
Germany
Slovakia
Lithuania
Italy
Poland
Italy
Israel
Belgium
France
United Kingdom
France
France
Austria
France
France
Turkey
Italy
France

 
 
198

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SCOUT / Multitech SeCurity system for intercOnnected space control 
groUnd staTions

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

3.  A management network system for automatic res-
toration and intelligence reconfiguration of the space 

The main goal of SCOUT is to study, design and assess 

control ground station network (RECOVER subsystem), 

a security system based on multiple technologies to 

designed in accordance to the distributed Smart Sen-

protect space control ground stations and the satellite 

sor Network paradigm where the reconfiguration and 

links against physical and cyber attacks. It is also im-

control is governed by distributed logic. 

portant to activate automatic restoration and intelligent 

reconfiguration mechanisms in case of failure concerning 

The first two subsystems (SENSNET and CYBERSENS) allow 

the ground stations networks and the satellite links.

for the acquisition of information about potential attacks 

607019

Total Cost   

€ 3,491,731.80 

EU Contribution  

€ 2,382,677.70

Starting Date  

01/11/2014

Duration 

36 months

to the ground station and/or possible damages of attacks 

once inflicted. This data is processed by a centralised main 

control unit (MCU) to gain a situation awareness picture, 

which is used to assess the degree of alert.

CONSORZIO NAZIONALE 

INTERUNIVERSITARIO 

PER LE TELECOMUNICA-

Description of the work 

ZIONI (CNIT)

The SCOUT system is composed of three different sub-

The SENSET and CYBERSENS subsystems are controlled 

Radar and Surveillance  

systems:

Systems National  

Laboratory (RaSS)

Galleria G.B. Gerace N° 18, 

1.  A scalable distributed multisensor network for protec-
tion against physical attacks (SENSNET subsystem), 

is activated.

to focus their resources on potential threats. According 

to the result of the assessment, the RECOVER system 

56124 - Pisa, Italy

which is composed of low impact sensor, namely 

Therefore, the main tasks of the MCU are: 

Contact

Fabrizio Berizzi   

passive sensors (passive radar, infrared camera, ra-

diometric radar) and low emission radars such as 

1.  A data processing

Tel.  : +39 050 3820 523

noise radar-based sensors or NRBS). 

Mobile  : +39 335 6813113

Fax  : +39 050 3820571

E-mail  : fabrizio.berizzi@cnit.it

2.  A distributed telecommunications network sensing 
system for the detection and protection against cyber 

2.  A decision making support

3.   A subsystem control, with graphical user interface 

Website  :  

attacks of telecommunication links (CYBERSENS sub-

included

www.scout-project.eu

system), composed of several network probes (moni-

toring devices located at every ground stations), host 

Two risk tools have been developed to identify the vulner-

probes (lightweight software sensing agents residing 

abilities of the ground station against physical and cyber 

in the actual ground station machines), a honeynet 

attacks and to drive the design and functionalities of 

(a decoy network used to detect and track cyber at-

subsystems and MCU. These tools are used for a static 

tacks), and a central engine which coordinates the 

analysis of the ground station vulnerabilities to be used 

entire infrastructure.

in the SCOUT design phase, but they are also employed 

dynamically for the SCOUT system functioning.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication gridsSCOUT

199

Results 

» Classification of detected targets as terrestrial vehicles 

and humans

The SCOUT system involved multiple innovative and low 

impact technologies for the protection of space control 

» Checking the behaviour of vehicles inside the facili-

ground stations and satellite links against physical and 

ties area

cyber-attacks. It focused on intelligent reconfiguration 

of ground station networks (including the ground node 

The results showed the capability of SCOUT’s demonstra-

of satellite links) in case one or more nodes fail. 

tor to ensure critical infrastructure protection against 

physical and cyber-attacks, and intelligent reconfigu-

SENSNET’s demonstrator activity involved surface moni-

ration of the satellite control ground station network.

toring to detect authorised vehicles or people attempt-

ing to enter non-authorised areas. Surveillance inside 

The demonstrator can be easily deployed, and easily 

the base was achieved by implementing the following 

extended to protect other critical infrastructure.

functionalities:

» Detection of moving objects

PARTNERS 

Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Telecomunicazioni (CNIT) 
Vitrociset spa  
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung E.V.  
Metasensing BV 
Politechnika Warszawska (WUT) 
A. Usikov institue of Radiophysics and Eletronics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (IRE NASU) 
Universidad de Alcala (UAH) 
Oesia Networks srl 
Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) 

COUNTRY

Italy
Italy
Germany
The Netherlands
Poland
Ukraine
Spain
Spain
Italy

200

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SECRET / SECurity of Railways against Electromagnetic aTtacks

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Results 

285136

Total Cost   

€ 4,256,416.80

EU Contribution  

€ 3,059,433.00

Starting Date  

01/08/2012

End Date 

30/11/2015

SECRET addresses the protection of railway infrastruc-

The exploitable results were the recommendations is-

ture  against  electromagnetic  (EM)  attacks.  Railway 

sued by the project:

infrastructure is an attractive target for such attacks 

because of its familiarity and ease of access, with ex-

» A SECRET architecture for resilient communication 

tended economic and security consequences.

under EM attacks

SECRET’s objectives are to:

» SECRET’s technical recommendations on preventive 
and recovery measures as well as a suitable meth-

» identify the vulnerability points at different levels (from 

odology to evaluate and mitigate EM attacks in the 

INSTITUT FRANCAIS DES 

the electronic to the systemic vision)

railway context of:

SCIENCES ET TECHNOLO-

GIES DES TRANSPORTS, 

DE L’AMENAGEMENT ET 

» identify  EM  attack  scenarios  and  risk  assessment 
(service degradation, potential accidents, economic 

• standardisation, 

DES RESEAUX (IFSTTAR)

impacts…)

IFSTTAR-Components and 

• engineering guidelines 

Systems

» identify public equipment which can be used to gener-

• operational

20, rue Élisée Reclus

ate EM attacks

BP 70317

F-59666 Villeneuve d’Ascq 

Cedex

Contact

DENIAU Virginie     

Tel.  : +33 3 20 43 89 91

» develop protection rules to strengthen the infrastruc-
ture (at electronic, architecture and systemic levels)

ing that publication of the results must take this into 

account. The main sensitive information is related to 

Some of the project’s information is very sensitive, mean-

» develop EM attack detection devices and processes

agement system, devices available that can be used 

work-packages 1 and 2 (vulnerability of railway man-

to generate EM attacks, analysis of susceptibilities of 

Mobile  : +33 6 07133345

» develop resilient architecture to adequately react in 

communication or control-command devices of the in-

E-mail  :  

case of EM attack detection

frastructure against EM signal attacks) .

Virginie.deniau@ifsttar.fr

Website  :  

» extract recommendations to ensure resiliency and 

www.secret-project.eu

contribute to standards

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication gridsSECRET

201

PARTNERS 

ALSTOM BELGIUM SA (ALSTOM BELGIUM) 
+ ALSTOM TRANSPORT France (ALSTOM Transport - 3rd Party) 
FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FOERDERUNG DER ANGEWANDTEN FORSCHUNG E.V (Fraunhofer) 
POLITECNICO DI TORINO (POLITO) 
SOCIETE NATIONALE DES CHEMINS DE FER FRANCAIS (SNCF) 
TRIALOG (Trialog) 
UNION INTERNATIONALE DES CHEMINS DE FER – (UIC) 
UNIVERSITE DE LIEGE (ULG) 
UNIVERSIDAD DEL PAIS VASCO EHU UPV (EHU) 
ZANASI ALESSANDRO SRL & PARTNERS (Zanasi & Partners) 

COUNTRY

Belgium
France
Germany
Italy
France
France
France
Belgium
Spain
Italy

202

SECTRONIC / Security system for maritime infrastructure,  
ports and coastal zones

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

218245

Total Cost   

€ 6,948,326.42

EU Contribution  

€4,496,106.41

Starting Date  

01/02/2008

End Date

31/01/2012

The SECTRONIC initiative addresses observation and pro-

tection of critical maritime infrastructures: Passenger and 

» Communicates security information of significance to 
the infrastructure authorities (sea masters, operation 

goods transport, Energy supply, and Port infrastructures. 

control managers, etc.) and to selected authorised third 

parties of importance for the overall security situation 

All accessible means of observation (offshore, onshore, 

(port authorities, coast guards, etc.) in real time.

air, space) of those infrastructures are networked via an 

onshore control center.

» Aggregates, reports and displays any security-related 
information of significance in an intuitively understand-

The end-users themselves or permitted third-parties 

able way. Reliably raises alarms in identified situations.

QUEEN MARY,  

can access a composite of infrastructure observations 

UNIVERSITY OF LONDON

in real-time. The end-users will be able to shield the 

MARINE & REMOTE  

infrastructure by protective means in security-related 

» Enables response procedures and actions to be un-
dertaken in situations that require effective use of 

SENSING SOLUTIONS LTD

situations. 

Suite 100

protective measures.

Saint-James Place 11 

The proposed system is a 24h small area surveillance 

» Demonstrates system effectiveness in real maritime 

UK – SW1A 1NP London 

system that is designed to be used on any ship, plat-

infrastructures.

United Kingdom

Contact

Dr. Sverre Dokken

form, container/oil/gas terminal or port and harbour 

infrastructure. 

Results

Tel  : +44 2078 712 800

The initiative is an end-users driven R&D activity.The 

The project aimed to develop an integrated system 

E-mail  :  

overall objective of the SECTRONIC research project is to 

for the security of maritime facilities: ports, passenger 

sdokken@marss.co.uk

develop an integrated system for the ultimate security 

transport and energy supply. Project partners combined 

Website  : www.sectronic.eu

of maritime infrastructures covering ports, passenger 

various observation systems (radar, sonar and Earth 

transport and energy supply against being damaged, 

Observation (EO) satellites) to develop an early warn-

destroyed or disrupted by deliberate acts of terrorism, 

ing system that can be installed on a ship’s bridge or in 

natural disasters, negligence, accidents or computer 

port control rooms.

hacking, criminal activity and malicious behaviour. 

The project aims to develop an integrated  

objects of significance in a 360 degree radius around 

This early warning system tracks and characterises 

security system that :

» Accurately observes, characterizes and tracks any ob-
ject of significance, 360 degrees around an infrastruc-

ture, 24 h a day in all weather conditions by means of :

• Near range equipment 
• Far range equipment 

the infrastructure. Any identified threats are then com-

municated to the managers of the infrastructure and 

relevant authorities. The SECTRONIC system also facili-

tates responses to the identified threat(s).

As part of this work, the project analysed performance 

gaps in existing monitoring facilities, based on user-

defined scenarios, and recommended new sensors and 

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication grids 
 
SECTRONIC

203

c
i
n
o
r
t
c
e
S
©

algorithms. SECTRONIC also assessed current security 

alert reporting and operational performance practices. 

In addition, to make the system as user friendly as pos-

sible and to minimise response time, the project team 

identified optimal ways to integrate security information 

into the graphical user interface.

SECTRONIC’s findings will help facility managers and 

emergency services to keep Europe’s marine infrastruc-

tures safe from harm by identifying risks and responding 

to them effectively.

PARTNERS 

Queen Mary, University of London Marine & Remote Sensing Solutions Ltd 
Uniresearch B.V. 
Det Norske Veritas AS 
Norwegian Defence Research Establishment 
Chalmers University of Technology 
Advanced Computer Systems ACS S.p.A. 
Nato Undersea Research Centre 
Carnival Corporation. 
BW Offshore AS 
BW Gas ASA 
Havenbedrijf Rotterdam N.V. 
Autorità Portuale della Spezia 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
The Netherlands
Norway
Norway
Sweden
Italy
Italy
United Kingdom
Norway
Norway
The Netherlands
Italy

 
204

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SEGRID / Security for smart Electricity GRIDs

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

607109

Total Cost   

€ 4,543,949

EU Contribution  

€ 3,402,021

Starting Date  

01/10/2014

Duration 

39 months

SEGRID’s main objective is to enhance the protection 

SEGRID has defined five use cases that clearly demon-

of smart grids against cyber-attacks. SEGRID will ac-

strate this gradual evolving system concept. 

complish this by: 

The five use cases are:

» Identifying threats and potential future cyber-attack 

pathways

1.  Smart meters for on-line reading of consumption 

» Determining the gaps among current security stand-
ards, methods and measures to enable smart grids 

2. Centrally load balancing renewable energy

and technical data

ORGANISATIE VOOR 

to understand which additional security methods and 

TOEGEPAST NATUURWE-

measures are required

3.  Dynamic power management for smart homes, smart 

TENSCHAPPELIJK  

offices and electric vehicles

ONDERZOEK TNO (TNO) 

Cybersecurity & robustness 

» Developing new security methods and measures for 
security in smart grids to identify, evaluate, test and 

4.  Regionally load balancing renewable energy (substa-

Anna van Buerenplein 1 

mitigate threats

tion automation)

Postbus 96800 

2509 JE - The Hague

The Netherlands

Contact

Reinder Wolthuis     

Tel.  : +31 888667787

Mobile  : +31 6 51913379

Fax  : +31 8886 67757

» Building up a realistic test environment to verify new 

5. Automatic reconfiguration of the power grid

security methods and measures

SEGRID’s use cases are the foundation of the results. 

» Evaluating and improving current risk management 

approaches

» Feeding the established results into European and 

E-mail  :  

global standardisation bodies

reinder.wolthuis@tno.nl

Website  : www.segrid.eu

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication gridsSEGRID

205

Results 

SEGRID has developed several methods, security meas-

ures and supporting recommendations to support smart 

grid stakeholders. They all fit in the coherent approach 

described above. For more details, we refer to SEGRID’s 

public deliverables, available at: www.segrid.eu

PARTNERS 

Organisatie voor toegepast natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO (TNO) 
Swedish Institute of Computer Science (SICS) 
Kungliga Tekniska högskolan (KTH)  
Instituto Consultivo para el Desarrollo INCODE (IND) 
European Network for Cyber Security (ENCS) 
Liander NV (ALL) 
ABB AS corporate research (ABB) 
Foundation of the Faculty of Sciences of Lisbon University (FFCUL) 
Energias de Portugal (EDP) 
ZIV Metering Solutions S.L. (ZIV) 
Fciencias.ID 

COUNTRY

The Netherlands
Sweden
Sweden
Spain
The Netherlands
The Netherlands
Norway
Portugal
Portugal
Spain
Portugal

206

SERON /Security of road transport networks

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-
4
7
9
g
o
r
F
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i
i

r
r
o
o
t
t
a
a
n
n
d
d
r
r
o
o
o
o
C
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

225354

Total Cost   

€ 2,942,113

EU Contribution  

€ 2,246,110

Starting Date  

01/11/2009

Duration 

36 months

The SeRoN project undertakes a holistic approach at 

First a comprehensive threat analysis for transport infra-

both infrastructure object and road network level. Its 

structures focusing on man-made attacks is carried out. 

main objectives are to investigate the impacts of pos-

Then data on relevant infrastructure types and classes 

sible man-made attacks on the transport network, in 

of the Trans-European road network is gathered, with 

particular  the  resulting  regional  and  supra-regional 

so-called “partner regions” being more comprehensively 

impacts on transport links and their economic impacts. 

covered. Data provided will be evaluated to identify ge-

SeRoN focuses on the development and validation of 

neric infrastructure types and classes which are critical 

an innovative methodology which is designed to provide 

in terms of vulnerability to man-made attacks, e.g. due 

a common framework for the analysis of critical road 

to their type of construction, and to classify them based 

PLANUNG TRANSPORT 

infrastructure objects or road transport networks with 

on the risk they are exposed to. The results provide the 

VERKEHR AG

Contact

Dr. Georg Mayer

regard to their importance within the European transport 

input data for a knowledge database intended to be 

network and also with regard to possible attacks. This 

a means to manage and maintain categorised critical 

methodology is based on an interdisciplinary interac-

infrastructures and associated protection measures. 

Planung Transport Verkehr AG

tion of expertise and innovative simulation methods. 

Such object information is needed for the calculations 

Kriegerstr. 15

Furthermore, possible protection measures for critical 

at network level analysing the importance of individual 

D-70191 Stuttgart

road transport infrastructures can suitably be chosen 

infrastructures. Their vulnerability will be determined in 

Germany

and evaluated regarding their impact on security and 

probable scenarios, studying the impacts of a failure of 

georg.mayer@ptv.de

cost-effectiveness. 

Dr. Christoph Walther

Planung Transport Verkehr AG

Stumpfstr. 1

D-76131 Karlsruhe

Germany

christoph.walther@ptv.de 

www.ptv.de

Website  :  

www.seron-project.eu

critical (parts of) infrastructures and the resulting traffic 

disturbances using scenario analysis and macroscopic 

traffic flow models. Network data will include information 

about location and importance of infrastructures in the 

road network, traffic loads, etc. Thus critical infrastruc-

tures of the road network can be identified and ranked 

according to priority. The risk assessment includes the 

impact assessment for the respective infrastructure 

based on different occurrence scenarios with related 

event sequences. Vulnerabilities are estimated using 

the local traffic conditions and simulations, e.g. escape 

simulations, explosives and smoke propagation simu-

lations. Security improvements will be determined and 

monetary and economic impacts of different measures 

examined by means of cost-benefit analyses to identify 

the most effective security measures. Finally, using a few 

suitable examples, the new methodology developed will 

be validated before recommendations for infrastructure 

owners will be formulated taking into account external 

expert knowledge gained in workshops. 

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication grids 
 
 
 
SeRoN

207

n
o
r
e
S
©

Results 

SeRoN’s methodology focused on developing short-

term and long-term strategies to improve the security 

of transport infrastructures. It offered guidance for future 

investments into protection measures and risk mitiga-

tion strategies.

Its  four-step  approach  provides  a  common  frame-

work for road owners and operators to identify critical 

road infrastructure objects and to select suitable and 

cost-efficient measures regarding their impact on risk 

mitigation – all to improve road transport network re-

silience against man-made attacks or natural hazards. 

Its modular structure facilitates a phased application of 

the relevant analyses. 

Security level improvements due to protection measures 

To compare the different protection measures regard-

are determined by quantitative risk analyses (QRA) that 
takes into account the probability of events and related 

ing cost-effectiveness, the risks were monetised. Cost-
effectiveness  was  based  on  the  direct  and  indirect 

degrees of damage. Highly sophisticated models such 

consequences of infrastructure failure due to an event. 

as those involving computational fluid dynamics, short-

Thus, the basis of assessment for deciding whether a 

time dynamics/blast and finite element methods are 

protection measure is cost-effective or not can be ad-

used to calculate effects and quantify the impact on 

justed to the characteristics of the network. 

infrastructure objects and road users in case of an event. 

The consequences for road users were identified using 

For more information see project website: www.seron-

a behaviour and perception-based evacuation model. 

project.eu 

The impact on road networks was determined using a 

traffic and transport model. 

PARTNERS 

Planung Transport Verkehr AG (PTV) 
Bundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt) 
Parsons Brinckerhoff (PB) 
Technische Universität Graz (TU Graz) 
Traficon n.v (TRFI) 
Ernst Basler und Partner (EBP) 
NIRAS Rådgivende Ingeniører og Planlæggere A/S (NIR) 

COUNTRY

Germany
Germany
United Kingdom
Austria
Belgium
Switzerland
Denmark

 
208

SESAME / Securing the European electricity Supply Against Malicious 
and accidental thrEats

e
d
a

.

i
l

E
A
C
O
C
©

o
t
o
f
.
w
w
w
-

r
e

l
l
i

h
c
S

.

C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

261696

Total Cost   

€ 3,982,815.20

EU Contribution  

€ 2,753,789.80

Starting Date  

01/05/2011

End Date 

31/08/2014

The project targeted two key-issues for the security of 

The first step was to analyse the origin of vulnerabili-

the European Electric Power Systems : the decision mak-

ties and how weaknesses of the power transmission / 

ing related to the assurance of the security of power 

distribution / generation system can be identified. There-

systems as critical infrastructure and the design of a 

fore, the metrics needed for an exhaustive detection and 

regulatory framework that allows for covering the cost 

comprehensive rating of the vulnerabilities are being 

of security in a market environment.

developed. This project not only considered the physical 

The project was developing a Decision Support System 

as the potential origin of the vulnerabilities, but also 

for the protection of the European power transmission, 

incorporated organisational and educative structures.

network, with its control and communication structure, 

POLITECNICO DI TORINO

distribution and generation system. This Decision Support 

DIPARTIMENTO DI INGEGNE-

System can be used to :

RIA ELETTRICA

The second step was to identify effective measures to 

specifically address each identified kind of vulnerability 

Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24

» identify the vulnerabilities of the analyzed grid and 

and threat. These measures were mainly on a technical 

I-10129, Torino  

production plants and detect their origins; 

level, but also included organisational and educational 

ITALY

Contact

Prof. Ettore BOMPARD

Tel  : +39 011 090 7154

Fax  : +39 011 090 7199

E-mail  :  

ettore.bompard@polito.it

» estimate the damage / impact of real or simulated 

network failures; 

» identify the possible measures for prevention of out-
ages and acceleration of automatic restoration; 

measures.

The impact of already occurred power interruptions and 

possible blackout scenarios was then analysed.

The tools developed in the preceding work steps were 

then integrated into a comprehensive prototype software 

» rank these measures according to their effectiveness 

Decision Support System. In a first step, the tool was 

and their cost-benefit ratios; 

» carry out contingency analyses of the transmission 
and distribution network and the generation facilities.

assembled and the developed algorithms and metrics 

implemented. Then, the DSS was tested on two actual 

power grids of two partner power networks, namely 

Romania and Austria.

The project, based on the analysis of the impacts of 

The last work step provided the necessary elements of a 

failures in the supply of energy, was designing a set of 

comprehensive regulatory policy, which fully incorporated 

regulatory rules, based at the national and coordinated 

the security of supply.

at the European level, aiming at assuring an adequate 

level of security to the European power grid from an 

economic point of view.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication grids 
 
 
 
 
SESAME

209

Results 

The DSS developed by SESAME can help the main public 

actors in the power systems – TSOs and Regulators – 

SESAME developed a decision support system (DSS) for 

with their decision making regarding network planning 

the protection of the European power system and applied 

and investment, policies and legislation, and efforts to 

it to two regional electricity grids, Austria and Romania. 

minimise the impacts (physical, security of supply, and 

This DSS aimed to:

economic) of power outages.

» identify the vulnerabilities and to detect their origins 
» estimate the damage/impact of real or simulated 

network failures 

SESAME also developed a best practice and comprehen-

sive regulatory and policy framework for the security 

of electricity systems. This is structtured around three 

» identify the possible measures for prevention of out-

main dimensions – i.e. economic analysis, technology 

ages and acceleration of automatic restoration 

and innovation policy, and regulatory schemes at both 

» rank these measures according to their effectiveness 

the national and EU level.

and their cost-benefit ratios

» carry out contingency analyses of the transmission/

distribution network and generation facilities

PARTNERS 

Politecnico di Torino (PoliTo) 
Energy Institute at the J. Kepler University Linz (EI-JKU) 
Indra Sistemas SA (INDRA) 
Heriot Watt University (HWU) 
e-Control (Ectrl) 
Deloitte (Delo) 
TU Delft (TUD) 
Transelectrica (TrEI) 
Kudos Research (KUDOS) 

COUNTRY

Italy
Austria
Spain
United Kingdom
Austria
Spain
The Netherlands
Romania
United Kingdom

210

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SPARKS / Smart Grid Protection Against Cyber Attacks

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

608224

Total Cost   

€4,913,955.40

EU Contribution  

€ 3,429,551.00

Starting Date  

01/04/2014

Duration 

36 months

AIT AUSTRIAN INSTITUTE 

OF TECHNOLOGY GMBH 

(AIT)

SAFETY &  

SECURITY DEPARTEMENT

DONAU-CITY-STRASSE 1

1220 VIENNA, AUSTRIA

Contact

Dr Paul Smith

Tel  : +43 664 88390031

Fax  : +43 50550 2813

E-mail  : paul.smith@ait.ac.at

Website  :  

https://project-sparks.eu

The aim of the SPARKS project is to promote awareness 

The project will investigate risk assessment methods that 

of existing and emerging smart grid cyber-security risks 

are tailored to the smart grid. Tools will be developed to 

to stakeholders, including energy network operators, 

support these methods, including a novel cyber-attack 

industry and policy makers. It will develop procedural 

simulation environment that can be used to measure the 

and technical countermeasures, and provide cost assess-

impact of an attack. Moreover, SPARKS will make recom-

ments of key smart grid security technologies that are 

mendations about security architectures and standards 

developed in the project. The project will also investigate 

for smart grids. 

privacy issues related to smart grid development.

A number of key security technologies and measures 

will be developed via a set of mini-projects: 

» cyber-attack resilient control systems, 

» real-time network monitoring of SCADA-based control 

systems, 

» novel hardware security technologies for smart meter-

ing applications, and 

» security analytics techniques for smart grid.

Business cases for these technologies will be developed 

to support the case for their deployment. Additionally, the 

societal acceptance of smart grid security technologies 

will be investigated, along with the legal directives and 

regulatory requirements.

The  research  outcomes  of  the  project  will  be 

demonstrated in a number of testbed and real-world 

deployment facilities. There will be a series of workshops 

across the project’s lifetime to engage with stakeholders.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication gridsSPARKS

211

Results 

The main impact of the SPARKS project is ensuring the se-

curity and resilience of future smart grid infrastructures. 

SPARKS will deliver important new knowledge about vul-

nerabilities, attack vectors, security risks, legislation, and 

consequential costs to business and society. 

To maximise our impact, SPARKS has identified a number of 

technology development areas that offer significant advances 

in the state of the art. With experienced technology experts 

working in the domains of SCADA intrusion detection, new 

methods for smart meter authentication, security informa-

tion analytics and resilient power control systems, SPARKS 

will deliver impact right across the smart grid spectrum. 

PARTNERS 

AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH (AIT) 
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung e.V (Fraunhofer AISEC) 
Queen’s University Belfast (QUB) 
Energieinstitut an der Johannes Kepler Universität Linz (EI)  
EMC Information Systems International Ltd (EMC) 
Kungliga Tekniska Hoegskolan (KTH)  
Landis + Gyr AG (L+G) 
United Technologies Research Centre Ireland, Limited (UTRC) 
SWW Wunsiedel GmbH (SWW)  

COUNTRY

Austria
Germany
United Kingdom
Austria
Ireland
Sweden
Switzerland
Ireland
Germany

212

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

i

e
n
n
u
o
B

l

u
a
P
-
n
a
e
J
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

STAR-TRANS /  Strategic risk assessment and contingency 
planning in interconnected transport networks

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

225594

Total Cost   

€ 3,296,369.71

EU Contribution  

€ 2,105,588.94 

Starting Date  

01/11/2009

End Date 

30/04/2012

INTRASOFT  

The fundamental assumption within STAR-TRANS is that 

interdependent networks at the ‘network of networks’ 

transportation assets, such as airplanes and tunnels, 

level. In particular, STAR-TRANS intends to :

are an integral part of larger systems. Taken together, 

individual transportation networks form a “network of 

» formalise the impact assessment process at the ‘net-

networks”. This provides a basis for an integrated EU-

work of networks’ level ;

wide approach to risk management in transportation 

networks that would usefully complement and add value 

» develop ICT tools that support the formalised impact 

to the national programmes for critical infrastructure 

assessment process ; and

protection already in place in the Member States.

» trial & evaluate the developed impact assessment 

INTERNATIONAL S.A.

STAR-TRANS’ contribution to the risk assessment pro-

process and tools.

RUE NICOLAS BOVÉ

1253 LUXEMBOURG

LUXEMBOURG

Contact

cess in transportation networks is the recognition of 

the importance that the impact of a risk incident might 

STAR-TRANS’ comprehensive risk assessment approach 

have on the assets of the whole ‘network of networks’.

targets the security operation of the European transport 

networks. STAR-TRANS will be guided by a holistic risk 

Dr. Antonios Ramfos

The project outcome will offer important aids for decision-

assessment methodology for critical infrastructure for 

E-mail  : antonis.ramfos@

makers to determine priorities among multiple contin-

the analysis and assessment of common issues for risks, 

intrasoft-intl.com 

gency alternatives by evaluating the consequences, (cost, 

threats and vulnerabilities. 

Website  :  

timing, resources, etc.) of proposed actions. 

www.startrans-project.eu

Within the STAR-TRANS framework, security risk in the 

A specialised software system will be developed that will 

integrated transportation networks will be defined as 

support the end users’ and network operators’ needs. 

the combination of :

The objectives of the STAR-TRANS project are : 

» Vulnerability, reflecting the possibility of a risk inci-
dent, e.g. terrorist attack, for the interdependent and 

To produce a security risk assessment framework for Eu-

interconnected European transport networks, compared 

ropean interconnected and interdependent transportation 

to the possibility of protecting them through inherent 

networks and to evaluate the proposed risk assessment 

or managed safeguards; 

framework in two cities.

Description of the work 

» Consequences of a successful attack, which is defined 
using (i) the possible number of casualties / fatalities, (ii) 

disruption and recovery time and (iii) the economic impact. 

The aim of the proposed transportation security risk 

assessment framework is to formalise the linkage be-

The combined approach of various transport networks in 

tween risk incidents, transportation network assets and 

one risk assessment tool will allow for easy information 

dependency types between assets in order to assess the 

exchange between different networks and infrastructure 

impact of an incident on the affected interconnected and  

elements / facilities.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication grids 
 
 
 
 
STAR-TRANS

213

Results

STAR-TRANS created models that can represent possible 

risk incidents, the structure and assets of Europe’s het-

erogeneous transport systems, and the relationship be-

tween the different assets in the networks. In this regard, 

the project developed a STAR-TRANS modelling language 

and an impact-assessment modelling language.

PARTNERS 

INTRASOFT International SA 
National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos - Environmental Research Laboratory 
Center for Security Studies 
Confederation of Organisations in Road Transport Enforcement 
QinetiQ SA  
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer-IVI) 
Centre for Research and Technology Hellas - Informatics & Telematics Institute 
Metropolitan Police Service 
CTL Cyprus Transport Logistics Ltd 
SQUARIS Ltd 
SOCIETA RETI E MOBILITA SPA (SRM) 

COUNTRY

Luxembourg
Greece
Greece 
Belgium
United Kingdom
Germany
Greece 
United Kingdom 
Cyprus
Belgium
Italy

214

k
c
o
t
s
k
n
h
T
©

i

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

STRUCTURES / Strategies for the Improvement of Critical 
Infrastructure Resilience to Electromagnetic Attacks

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

b. Technologies

285257

Total Cost   

€4,797,731.63

EU Contribution  

€3,497,673.54

Starting Date  

01/07/2013

End Date 

31/10/2015

The project aimed to understand the level of risk pro-

duced by intentional electro-magnetic interference  to 

critical infrastructures and to provide guidelines for their 

» EMC evaluation and hardening;
» intentional electro-magnetic interference  measurements;
» Simulation tools for analysis (risk assessment) and design 

protection. It is focused on the following functions:

(protection improvement);

» Risk assessment, modelling and impact reduction
» Situation awareness and assessment
» Within the framework of “Risk assessment, modelling and 
impact reduction”, the research focuses on the following 

» Structural and smart materials able to improve protection 

against intentional interference

INGEGNERIA DEI SISTEMI 

main capabilities and technologies:

 Description of the work 

S.P.A. (IDS)

Business Development

a. Capabilities

STRUCTURES was based on 11 work packages (WPs). 

VIA FLAMINIA, 1068

00189 ROME, 

ITALY

Contact

Aldo Bonsignore

Tel  : +39 0633217414

» Classification of intentional electromagnetic environments 

Scenario assessment was done by WP2 and WP3, while 

(radiated and conducted); 

WP4 and WP5 assessed analytical/modelling and experi-

» Classification of critical infrastructures with respect to by 

mental methodologies and their preparation for the next 

intentional electro-magnetic interference threats; 

phase of “risk investigation and protection measures 

» Risk assessment of the occurrence of threat events and 

assessment”.

Mobile  : +39 3357458088

their most likely modalities;

Fax  : +39 0633217402

E-mail  : a.bonsignore@ 

idscorporation.com

Website  :  

http://www.idscorporation.com

» Classification of e.m. susceptibility levels of equipment, 

WP6 performed experimental activities to characterise 

systems and infrastructures; 

susceptibility thresholds to intentional electro-magnetic 

» Validated electromagnetic modelling tools for risk as-

interference and to provide test cases for the model-

sessment and design;

» Dedicated measurements (mainly to estimate IEMI sus-
ceptibility levels and to validate modelling algorithms);

» Investigation of current protection effectiveness;
» Optimal design criteria to make infrastructures more 
robust against interference threats, including shielding 

ling procedures. Other packages investigated protec-

tion technologies and strategies, and electro-magnetic 

interference sensors and sensor networks suitable for 

night and day and all-weather monitoring of the infra-

structure environment. 

for structures, systems, sub-systems etc. 

WP10 developed guidelines and recommendations for 

» Design of components and strategies for protection (with 

policy makers, standard bodies and critical infrastruc-

preference given at first to low cost solutions);

tures. A “safety risk assessment” approach was applied, 

» Pre-regulatory and organisational material to support 
parties affected by by intentional electro-magnetic in-

based on:

terference and for policy makers re: recommendations, 

guidelines, methodologies, and procedures (e.g. regarding 

» Identification of the likelihood and severity of adverse 
consequences resulting from an electro-magnetic in-

shell materials and redundancy architectures).

terference hazard;

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication grids 
 
 
 
 
STRUCTURES

215

» Application of a suitably calibrated safety risk assessment 

Results 

matrix and severity scale;

» Assessment of risk tolerability;
» Assessment of accessibility and other factors which may 

affect the vulnerability of infrastructure. 
» Identification of possible mitigating actions;
» Updating of the risk assessment matrix.
» Also the companion disciplines and standards for Critical 
Infrastructure’s protection such as the “Business Con-

tinuity Management” approach and the ICT standards 

The project attained better comprehension of the prob-

lems and risks related to intentional electro-magnetic 

interference  attacks to critical infrastructures

Guidelines and recommendations for policy makers, 

standard bodies and critical infrastructures operators 

were also defined. 

for Security Techniques were considered to situate the 

Viable solutions to estimate and reduce risk will be made 

guidelines in a larger existing frame regarding critical 

available to policy makers and critical infrastructure 

infrastructures.

managers.

PARTNERS 

Ingegneria Dei Sistemi S.p.A (IDS) 
Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 
Haute Ecole Spécialisée de Suisse Occidentale (HES-SO) 
The University of York (UoY) 
MONTENA technology sa (Montena) 
Helmut-Schmidt- Universität (HSU) 
Leibniz Universität Hannover (LUH) 
Bergische Universität Wuppertal (BUW) 
Bergische Universität Wuppertal (RWM) 
University of Twente (UT) 
Istituto Superiore Mario Boella (ISMB) 
Navigate Consortium (NAVI) 

COUNTRY

Italy
Switzerland
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Switzerland
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
The Netherlands 
Italy
Italy

216

.

m
o
c
o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

-

b
b
e
w
h
s
o

j

©

n
n
o
o
i
i
t
t
a
a
m
m
r
r
o
o
f
f
n
n
I
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

TASS /  Total airport security system

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

241905

Total Cost   

€ 14,966,370.60

EU Contribution  

€ 8,986,696.15 

Starting Date  

01/04/2010

End Date 

31/03/2014

Airports, airplanes and air travellers are often the targets 

Offering real-time situational awareness of all airport 

of terrorists, a reality that poses many security chal-

facilities and surroundings – including people, vehicles, 

lenges and requires a variety of security systems. The 

cargo and airplanes – the system ccollected and analysed 

EU-funded project TASS – “Total airport security system” 

data from different sources and technologies. It featured 

– was addressing these threats through the development 

three main components: the front end, the data fusion 

of a sophisticated surveillance system that represents 

and mediation system, and portal/back-end applications. 

a security monitoring solution for an entire airport. The 

The portal displayed all security and transport informa-

system was being designed to enhance the efficiency 

tion, and notified authorities to execute decisions rapidly. 

and reliability of security screening while protecting the 

It also minimised errors and false alarms.

VERINT SYSTEMS LTD

privacy and rights of airport passengers.

Business Development

33 Maskit st

46733 Herzlia, Israel

Contact

Hazzani Gideon

Tel.  : +972 9 9622596

Mobile  :+972 54 778 2596

E-mail  :  

Gideon.hazzani@verint.com

Website : www.tass-project.eu

So far, the project team has progressed well towards 

developing the system. After having mapped and classi-

fied potential threats to airports, it outlined the required 

technologies, designed the system’s architecture and 

adapted its front-end systems to airport environments. 

This has yielded a full ready-to-use TASS prototype. 

Testing took place at Heathrow International Airport in 

the United Kingdom in a complex system that combined 

many different components and systems. These ranged 

from various kinds of sensors and global position system 

tracking technologies to radio-frequency identification 

systems and an unmanned ground vehicle.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication grids 
 
 
 
 
TASS

217

s
s
a
T
©

Results

With its integrated approach to airport security, TASS 

has effectivly created a comprehensive airport security 

intelligence solution that offers accurate real-time situ-

ational awareness to airport authorities. Once finalised 

and commercialised, the solution promises to become an 

important alternative to current airport security systems. 

It will help thwart terrorist attacks, minimise injuries 

and save lives wherever it is implemented, making the 

world’s airports safer than ever.

PARTNERS 

Verint Systems Ltd (VRNT) 
BAA Limited (BAA) 
Grupo Mecanica del Vuelo Sistemas S.A. (GMV) 
Rapiscan Systems Limited (RSL) 
Consorzio per la Ricera Nell’ Automatica e Nelle Telecomunicazioni C.R.A.T (CRAT) 
National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos” (NCSR “D”) 
GMVIS Skysoft SA (SKY) 
Mentum SA (MTM) 
Vitrociset Spa (VITRO) 
Alcatel-Lucent Italia S.P.A (ALI) 
The Provost Fellows & Scholars of the College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity  
of Queen Elizabeth near Dublin (TCD) 
IMEGO AB (IMEGO) 
Elbit Security Systems ltd (ELSEC) 
Athens International Airport SA (AIA) 
Real Fusio France (RF) 
Immersion SAS (IMM) 
Red-M Wireless Ltd. (RED-M) 
BAE Systems (Operations) Ltd (BAE) 
Ernst & Young (Israel) Ltd (EY) 
ANA - Aeroportos De Portugal, SA (ANA) 
INOV, Inesc Inovacao, Instituto De Novas Tecnologias (INOV) 

COUNTRY

Israel
United Kingdom
Spain
United Kingdom
Italy
Greece
Portugal
France
Italy
Italy

Ireland
Sweden
Israel
Greece
France
France
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Israel
Portugal
Portugal

 
218

XP-DITE / Accelerated Checkpoint Design Integration Test and 
Evaluation

k
c
o
t
s
k
n
h
T
©

i

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

285311

Total Cost   

€14,613,264.82

EU Contribution  

€9,992,634.87

Starting Date  

01/09/2012

Duration 

59 months

XP-DITE aimed to develop, demonstrate and validate 

Airport checkpoint requirements are defined for security, 

a comprehensive, passenger-centred approach to the 

operational, passenger perception, and ethical aspects. A 

design and evaluation of integrated security checkpoints 

conceptual model was developed for the design process 

at airports. 

and evaluation platform. All requirements were assessed 

by the XP-DITE advisory board, expert groups and an 

A key element of the project was the development of a 

ethical advisory group.

tool for designing new checkpoints and modifying existing 

ones to meet overall system level requirements. Another 

A design process and supporting software (Design Tool) 

major deliverable was its validated set of protocols and 

based on the conceptual model and overall system re-

NETHERLANDS ORGA-

tools for evaluating the performance of checkpoints at 

quirements was developed. 

NISATION FOR APPLIED 

system level. 

SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH 

(TNO)

Safety and Security Research

LANGE KLEIWEG 137

PO BOX 45

2280 AA RIJSWIJK, 

THE NETHERLANDS

Contact

Mark van den Brink

Tel  : +31 8886 63898

Mobile  : +31 6 3015 8707

Fax  : +31 8886 66938

E-mail  : 

mark.vandenbrink@tno.nl

Website: www.xp-dite.eu

Computational evaluation methods at system or check-

point level built on the conceptual model to quantify 

overall performance. An experimental evaluation method 

for checkpoints was developed to propose a standard 

on-site test prescription for checkpoints applicable at 

any EU airport. 

A proofs-of-concept airport checkpoint was integrated 

and installed at Schiphol and Manchester airports. 

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Energy, Transport, communication grids 
 
XP-DITE

219

Results 

XP-DITE showed that advanced, customer friendly and 

cost-effective security checkpoints can be built by adopt-

XP-DITE’s software package offers a user interface for 

ing a unified approach on design and evaluation. The XP-

‘building’ checkpoints from a comprehensive list of com-

DITE approach will allow airports, checkpoint designers 

ponents (such as detection equipment, divesting tables, 

and regulators to incorporate a wide range of mostly 

etc.), and a simulation engine to predict performance of 

quantitative requirements to evaluate checkpoint perfor-

those designs in three domains. 

mance against security performance, cost, throughput, 

passenger satisfaction and ethical factors, both in the 

All methods were evaluated and validated in two trials 

design and operational phases. 

where checkpoints were designed, built, and evaluated. 

New detection technology developed in XP-DITE was 

showcased in an offline trial, while another created at 

Shannon Airport established the first operational trial 

checkpoint acceptable to US and EU aviation authorities. 

PARTNERS 

Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO) 
Fraunhofer-gesellschaft zur Foerderung der angewandten Forschung (Fraunhofer) 
Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI) 
Ingeniera de Sistemas para la Defensa de Espana (ISD) 
Schiphol  Nederland (AAS) 
Morpho (MPH) 
Smiths Heimann (SMI) 
Eurofast SARL (IDP) 
Iconal Technology (ICO) 
Cascade Technologies (CAS) 
Alfa Imaging (ALF) 
Albert-Ludwigs-Universitaet Freiburg (UNF) 
The Manchester Airport Group (MAN) 
CASRA – Center for Adaptive Security Research and Applications (APSS) 
Scarabee Aviation Group (SCA) 
Shannon Airport (SNN) 

COUNTRY

The Netherlands
Germany
Sweden
Spain
The Netherlands
France
Germany
France
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Spain
Germany
United Kingdom
Switzerland
The Netherlands
Ireland

220

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

CORE / Consistently Optimised Resilient Secure Global Supply-Chains

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

in a number of previous EU-funded projects. CORE will 

more broadly demonstrate this approach by addressing 

603993

Total Cost   

€ 48,831,356 

EU Contribution 

€29,254,829 

Starting Date 

01/05/2014

Duration

48 months

CORE will demonstrate how a powerful and innovative 

security and supply chain optimisation. It will generate a 

Consistently Optimised REsilient ecosystem’s implemen-

security and supply chain resilience ecosystem to operate 

tation, integrating interoperability, security, resilience and 

in an international context that supports implementation 

real-time optimisation can produce cost effective, fast 

of EU security and information management policies. 

and robust solutions for efficient and secure transit of 

CORE’s “Supply Chain Security Reference Model” (SCSRF) 

goods through the global supply chain.

will establish the basis for standardisation of secure 

It will show how the supply chain’s protection and a 

transport & logistics as part of an integrated framework 

reduction of its vulnerability to disruption (by natural 

of trusted worldwide networks. Its Ecosystem will offer a 

disasters, terrorism, theft, etc.), can be done while guar-

distributed socio-technical system based on self-organi-

EUROPEAN SHIPPERS’ 

anteeing a timely, efficient flow of commerce across EU 

sation, scalability and sustainability. It will  include data, 

COUNCIL (ESC)

and other regions of the world – while bearing in mind 

knowledge, best practices and services that can easily 

Rond Point Schuman, 6

the benefits for stakeholders (transaction, transport, 

be plugged into existing IT systems to yield enhanced 

1000 Brussels BELGIUM

regulatory and financial operators).

security, resilience and efficiency.

Contact

Nik DELMEIRE

Using CORE’s real-time optimisation tools, security and 

tracking data will be integrated into supply chain operations 

Description of the work 

Tel  : +32 494 56 07 07 

with a view to efficiency and environmental impact. CORE 

Mobile  : +32 494 560707

will offer solutions that cover all levels of time granular-

E-mail  : n.delmeire@ 

ity, ranging from strategic models to dynamic daily plans 

europeanshippers.eu

and real-time scheduling and optimisation. These will help 

Website  :  

operators create resilient contingency plans and to react 

www.coreproject.eu

to unexpected events to avoid serious economic collapse.

CORE will address:

1.  End-to-end supply chain security based on stand-
ardization, harmonization and mutual recognition;
2.  Controlled global visibility of security risks and other 
supply chain threats and their impact on supply chain 

flows around the world;

1. Requirements analysis and impact assessment.  
2. SCS Controls and Integration Services  
3.  Create end-to-end supply chain security via a multi-
method threat and vulnerability analysis capability. 
4.  Provide supply chain situational awareness tools & 
maps that build on data and results from reference 

projects to satisfy Customs and business require-

ments for reliable, accurate, complete data 

5.  Provide real-time “Lean Agile Resilient Green Opti-

mised” (LARG+O) supply chain planning

6.  Provide a supply chain security reference framework 
harmonised with the common framework produced in 

3.  Real-time “Lean Agile Resilient Green Optimised” sup-
ply chain solutions for supply chain resilience against 

the e-Freight and other reference projects

7.  Provide a CORE connectivity infrastructure and solu-

high-impact events 

tions development environment 

The results of CORE will help the EU introduce changes 

to Customs policy to achieve a balance between public 

8.  Provide an supply chain security (SCS) ecosystem 
dedicated to the needs of SCS communities based on 

and business interests, within reasonable regulatory con-

infrastructure  services that amplify the capabilities 

straints. The idea of changing Customs reporting proce-

of CORE components. 

dures “from push to pull” using secure data pipelines for 

the whole value-and-transport chain has already begun 

9.  Demonstrators. CORE demonstrators will validate the 
applicability and benefits of the project’s approach 

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Supply chain 
CORE

221

via scenarios characteristic of the global supply chain
10.  Stakeholder engagement, knowledge diffusion and 

CORE’s initiatives. The results of CORE have led to greater 

visibility and reduced operational costs via faster flows 

sustainable development

through customs by supplying customs officials with 

Results  

CORE produced:
» End-to-end supply chain security that facilitates stand-
ardisation, harmonisation and mutual recognition
» Security situational awareness maps to enhance the 

visibility of threats and exposure of flows

pertinent data prior to the arrival of goods.

CORE also showed it could work with large volumes of 

data. This was tested with large companies via various 

CORE trade lanes, which required close cooperation with 

customs officers to test the new technology.  

CORE also produced policy recommendations. These 

included:
» Digitalisation is key and this must also be extended 

» Real-time  “Lean  Agile  Resilient  Green  Optimised” 

to quality control

(LARG+O) supply chains

» Getting the data right means it can be used many 

CORE demonstrated how protecting and securing the 

times and reduce administrative burden 

global supply chain and reducing its vulnerability to 

disruption can be done while guaranteeing timely and 

» The Commission should aim for harmonised interna-
tional transport conventions and create the govern-

efficient flows of legitimate commerce across the EU 

ment-to-government channels to expedite trade 

and other regions.

» Europe must exploit its data pipelines 

The concept of a “data pipeline” lay at the centre of 

PARTNERS 

COUNTRY

European Council Of Transport Users (ESC), Customs Co-Operation Council (WCO), Clecat - European Association for  

Belgium 

Forwarding, Transport, Logistics and Customs Service (CLE), IRU Projects ASBL (IRU), European Intermodal  

Association (EIA), Service Public Federal Finances (BC), Descartes Systems (BELGIUM) (DESC), JRC -Joint Research  

Centre- European Commission (JRC), VLTN GCV (VLTN), Logit Systems BVBA (LOGIT), Seabridge NV (SB),  

Procter & Gamble Services Company Nv (P&G), European Organisation For SecuritySCRL (EOS)

The International Criminal Police Organization (IPOL), Ministere De L’ecologie, du Developpement Durable  

France 

et de L’energie (MEDDE), Smiths Heimann SAS (SMH), Advanced Track And Trace SA (ATT), CONEX SA (CX)

Cooperatieve Bloemenveiling Floraholland U.A. (FH), Ministerie Van Financien Directoraat Generaal Belastingdienst (DCA),  

The Netherlands 

Ministerie Van Binnenlandse Zaken En Koninkrijksrelaties (KLPD), Nederlandse Voedsel En Warenautoriteit (NVWA),  

Seacon Venlo Expeditie B.V. (SEA), Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO),  

Technische Universiteit Delft (TUD), Logistiek Zonder Papier BV (LZP), Technische Universiteit Eindhoven (TUE)

Dhl Exel Supply Chain Spain SL (DHL), Terminal Maritima De Zaragoza SL (TmZ), Portic Barcelona S.A (POR), Fundacion  

Spain 

Zaragoza Logistics Center (ZLC), Enide Solutions .S.L (NIDE), ATOS Spain SA (ATOS), Trans SESE Sociedad Limitada (SESE),  

Bsh Electrodomesticos Espana SA (BSH)

HM Revenue And Customs (HMRC), METRO SHIPPING LIMITED (MET), BAP Logistics Ltd (BAP), Maritime Cargo Processing    United Kingdom 

PLC (MCP), BMT Group Limited (BMT), INLECOM Systems Ltd (ILS), MJC2 Limited (MJC2), CLMS (UK) LIMITED (CLMS),  

Security Projects Uk Limited (SEP), Uniserve (Holdings) Limited (Uni), 

Italian Ministry of Infrastructure and Transports (MIT), Consorzio Ib Innovation (IBI), La Spezia Container Terminal  

Italy 

SPA (LAS), Telespazio SPA (TPZ), So.Ge.Mar. Societa Generale Magazzini Raccordati Interporto SPA (SOG), TTS Italia (TTS),  

Majorca SPA (MAJ), Click & Find S.R.L (C&F), Ceramiche Caesar SPA (CC)

dbh Logistics IT AG (dbh), Senator fuer Wirtschaft und Haefen Bremen (SEPL), Institut Fuer Seeverkehrswirtschaft Und Logistik (ISL) Germany

Intrasoft International SA (INT) 

A.P. Moller - Mærsk A/S (MAER), Copenhagen Business School (CBS) 

Instytut Logistyki i Magazynowania (ILiM) 

Conceptivity SARL (CPT), Cross-border Research Association (CBRA), Hoyer (Svizzera) SA (Hoyer) 

Totalforsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 

eBOS Technologies Ltd (eBOS) 

Center For Security Studies (KEMEA) 

Georgia Tech Research Corporation (GT), iControl Incorporated (iCON) 

Brimatech Services GMBH (BRI) 

Sunwell Technologies INC (SUN) 

Luxembourg

Denmark

Poland

Switzerland

Sweden

Cyprus

Greece

The United States

Austria

Canada

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
222

IMCOSEC /  IMprove the supply chain for COntainer transport and 
integrated SECurity simultaneously

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

s
l
l

a
f
t
e
N
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Results  

242295

Total Cost   

€ 1,142,591

EU Contribution 

€ 930,718

Starting Date 

01/04/2010

End Date

31/03/2011

TSB  

This project’s main aim was to define a basic concept 

The results of IMCOSEC’s six work packages can be sum-

and strategic roadmap for a large scale Demonstration 

marised as the following:

project for security of supply chains to reconcile the 

global transportation sector’s two conflicting trends: free 

trade vs transport security.

» A generic transport model was created to represent 
the essential processes and activities of inter-modal 

transport chains; 

IMCOSEC opted for an approach that minimises the 

impact of cost and time, thus making it practicable for 

commercial operators and enterprises, while creating 

» The security aspects of 42 national and international 
security programmes were compared to determine 

a “win-win” solution between industry and regulatory 

what new procedures, if any, were needed for the fu-

INNOVATIONSAGENTUR 

authorities. Its concept reached for security that bal-

ture Demonstration project. IMCOSEC’s researchers 

BERLIN GMBH /  

BEREICH FAV

Fasanenstr. 85, 10623 

Berlin 

Germany

Contact

Markus Podbregar

Tel  : +30 46302 579 

ances effectiveness with practicality within a regulatory 

concluded that no new regulations are needed, but 

framework. 

mutual recognition and standardization among national 

governments should be the goal;

The project analysed security regulations, standards and 

trends, identified security gaps via a generic model of 

supply chains based on resilience and threat “trees” or 

» Security threats along supply chains were identified and 
folded into a matrix tool that reflects inter-dependencies 

charts, referenced security projects, technologies and 

and interactions between different supply chain arrange-

industry needs and, finally, defined a roadmap for dem-

ments and each kind of threat. The matrix enables 

Office  : +30 46302 563

onstration activities.

threats to be weighted in importance;

Fax  : +30 46302 588

E-mail  : mpodbregar@fav.de

Website  : www.imcosec.eu

» The project’s gap analysis to identify the weakest points 
of the supply chain concludes there are very few single 

measures that can improve security and efficiency at 

the same time. However, it argues that a combination 

of measures could improve both, thus increasing the 

competitiveness of both industry and the supply chain;

» IMCOSEC’s analysis of security projects, technologies 
and industry needs revealed that many projects focus 

on either security or efficiency, but not on security 

and efficiency at the same time. As for technology, 

it concludes that the most cost-effective and logical 

combination of technologies to track cargo shipping 

would be mobile phone-based ones for the identifica-

tion, positioning and communications;

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Supply chain 
 
 
 
IMCOSEC

223

» Finally, the project’s road-map rests on two broad 
conclusions. First, it insists that human factors (e.g. 

employee selection, recruitment and training criteria, 

responsibility for identification and control processes, 

etc.) are the biggest issues for supply chain security. 

“This is of primary importance to successfully reduce 

the other gaps,” says IMCOSEC. 

Second, it says security-efficiency measures should take 

into account the views of all supply chain stakeholders, 

including shipping consignors and consignees, while pro-

moting technologies that use international standards.

PARTNERS 

TSB Innovationsagentur Berlin GmbH (FAV)  
International Container Security Organisation (ICSO)  
Union Internationale des sociétés de transport combiné Rail Route (UIRR)  
Bureau International des Containers et du transport intermodal (BIC)  
CBRNE Ltd (CBRNE)  
Studiengesellschaft für den kombinierten Verkehr e.V. (SGKV)  
Politecnico di Milano (POLIMI)  
Technischen Universität Hamburg-Harburg (TUHH) 
Institut für Seeverkehrswirtschaft und Logistik (ISL)  

COUNTRY

Germany
Belgium
Belgium
France
United Kingdom
Germany
Italy
Germany
Germany

224

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

IPATCH / Intelligent Piracy Avoidance using Threat detection and 
Countermeasure Heuristics

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

607567

Total Cost   

€ 4,181,126

EU Contribution 

€2,976,845

Starting Date 

01/04/2014

Duration

39 months

IPATCH’s work addressed maritime piracy to ensure the 

IPATCH conducted an in-depth analysis of effectiveness 

safety of ships and crews, while minimising costs.  It 

and costs and developed an on-board system for the 

developed new technology to enhance the early detec-

early detection of piracy threats. The results were com-

tion of piracy threats and real-time decision support for 

piled into a manual of recommendations for industry.  

effecitvely and safely using countermeasures.

Alternatives to fighting piracy exist but a comprehen-

of a sensor suite, a threat recognition system and a 

The on-board system developed by the project consists 

sive analysis of available countermeasures was lacking. 

decision support tool. 

Moreover, inappropriate use of countermeasures can 

BMT GROUP LTD (BMT)

lead to unnecessary cost and place the ship and its 

Trials were carried out in France and Greece to test the 

system and evaluate and demonstrate its capabilities 

for stakeholders. Scenarios were based on speedboats 

playing the role of pirate vessels, including ‘normal’ be-

haviour as well as simulated attacks.

Research Directorate

crew at further risk.

Goodrich House

1 Waldegrave Road

Teddington

TW11 8LZ

United Kingdom

Contact

Tom Cane 

Tel  : +44 (0) 20 8943 5544 

Mobile  :  

+44 (0) 7500 871 748

Fax : +44 (0)20 8943 5347

E-mail  :  

tom.cane@bmtglobal.com

Website  : www.bmt.org

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Supply chain 
Results  

a range of sensors, data fusion algorithms and advanced 

methods for situation analysis and threat detection. 

The project developed a piracy knowledge base that 

consolidates historical data on attacks, the actions of a 

A maritime situational awareness dataset consisted of 

vessel and the resulting cost and impact. This information 

sensor data from simulated piracy scenarios. The dataset 

was combined with assessments of the legal and ethical 

was published to support the maritime and research 

implications of different countermeasures. 

communities. 

A piracy manual for industry drew on results in the knowl-

edge base to provide practical recommendations and 

guidance for maritime stakeholders, particularly seafar-

ers. The manual is intended to extend and complement 

the IMO’s “Best Management Practices.” 

The  project  also  developed  an  on-board  situational 

awareness and decision support system that incorporates 

PARTNERS 

BMT Group Ltd (BMT) 
Totalforsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
University of Reading (UoR) 
ITTI Sp. z o.o. (ITTI) 
Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (UCSC) 
Safran Electronics and Defense  (SAG) 
Termisk Systemteknik i Sverige AB (TST) 
Université de Namur ASBL (UoN) 
Foinikas Shipping Company NE (FNK) 

IPATCH

225

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
Sweden
United Kingdom
Poland
Italy
France
Sweden
Belgium
Greece

226

.

m
o
c
o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

-

n
e
t
s
r
a
a
K
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

LOGSEC /  Development of a strategic roadmap towards a large scale  
demonstration project in European logistics and supply chain security

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

241676

Total Cost   

€ 800,047

EU Contribution 

€ 753,372

Starting Date 

01/04/2010

End Date

31/03/2011

The LOGSEC project had the following three main ob-

The LOGSEC project team consisted of organisations 

jectives:

with in-depth experience in European and global supply 

chain security research and technology analysis and 

» To deliver a strategic roadmap for supply chain security 
in Europe; roadmap depicting possible security gaps 

partners representing a broad set of European ship-

pers and logistics operators and customs administra-

and responsibility backlogs between different opera-

tions. Key technologies and procedural aspects covered 

tors, both business and governmental.

by the project include: container and goods/inventory, 

EFP CONSULTING (UK) LTD.

» To address relevant political, policy, regulatory, technol-
ogy and service aspects, together with their combina-

authentication, traceability, inspection and monitoring 

technologies; risk assessment systems and models; 

Information transfer systems; Intermodal transport se-

MOTHERWELL 

tions and to define the ones most critical in security 

curity; modernisation of customs procedures; protection 

BRANDON STREET -  

research.

of supply chain infrastructure. User requirements and 

OAKFIELD HOUSE

ML1 1XA

UK

Contact

» To combine global supply chain management exper-
tise and technological expertise with crime prevention 

expertise to improve real security in end-to-end supply 

data collection steps included:

» literature and project reviews,

Dana Remes

chains, in a cost-efficient manner.

» end-user expert interviews,

Phone  : +44 141 649 3244

E-mail  :  

dana@efpconsulting.com

Website  : www.logsec.org

» user surveys, and

» user workshops.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Supply chain 
 
 
 
LOGSEC

227

Results 

The LOGSEC project delivered a roadmap for a large scale 

demonstration project in European logistics and supply 

chain security, characterised by adequate security for the 

benefit of business and governments, on low time-delay 

and other cost implications. LOGSEC identified the most 

relevant/promising research areas and research gaps, 

to be addressed in a possible follow-up demonstration 

project. An instrumental part of the roadmap project was 

to build a basis for future metrics necessary to evaluate 

supply chain and security performance and to monitor 

supply chain vulnerabilities.

PARTNERS 

EFP Consulting (UK) Ltd (EFPC)  
ATOS ORIGIN SOCIEDAD ANONIMA ESPANOLA (ATOS) 
Cross-border Research Association (CBRA) 
European Council of Transport Users (ESC) 
SZKOLA GLOWNA HANDLOWA W WARSZAWIE (POL) 
Clecat - European Association for Forwarding, Transport, Logistics and Customs Service (CLECAT) 
Innovative Compliance Europe Ltd (ICE) 
Eidgenössische Zollverwaltung (SC) 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
Spain
Switzerland
Belgium
Poland 
Belgium
United Kingdom
Switzerland

228

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

PROMERC / Protection Measures for Merchant Ships

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

The work falls into the following sections:

607685

Total Cost   

€3,131,452.00

EU Contribution 

€2,224,958.00 

Starting Date 

01/03/2014

Duration

24 months

FLIR SYSTEMS LTD 

(FLIR)

MARSS

PROMERC aims to reduce the vulnerability of EU mer-

» Current and Future Non-Military Counter Measures

chant fleets and maritime supply lines to criminal abduc-

tion and extortion and thereby reduce risk to mariners, 

The first part of PROMERC will identify and catalogue 

shipping, and the environment, while also reducing costs. 

the different existing and potential non military protec-

This will be delivered through the provision of:

tion measures against piracy available to the shipping 

» Independent review and recommendations about non-
lethal technologies for pirate avoidance and opposing 

industry. In addition to identifying current and emerging 

measures, the catalogue will also differentiate between 

active versus passive measures. Within the active meas-

the boarding of vessels by pirates;

ures, differentiation will be made between lethal vs. 

» An automated voyage planning support tool to aid 
shore based authorities, which will balance route man-

non-lethal measures. An assessment of the operational 

effectiveness of the Counter-measures will be made.

2 Kings Hill Avenue

agement to mitigate risk against incurring additional 

» PEESLE constraints

ME19 4AQ - West Malling - 

fuel costs due to re-routeing and increased speed;

United Kingdom

Contact

Craig Cooper 

» An automated decision support tool to provide seafar-
ers with real time threat assessment, evaluation of 

An analysis of the Political-Economic-Ethical – Societal 

– Legal - Environmental (PEESLE) constraints on the 

use of existing and potential non-military protection 

Tel  : +44 1732 220011

possible courses of action and a recommended course 

measures will be performed.

E-mail  :  

of action. A manual to aid in the selection and use 

Craig.Cooper@flir.uk.com

of appropriate counter piracy measures in a layered 

» Evaluation of Options

Website  : www.flir.com

holistic defence;

» Recommendations  on  the  further  development  of 

ous two work packages will be developed to conduct a 

The operational effectiveness and findings from the previ-

counter piracy measures.

total cost benefit analysis, to develop a manual to aid in 

the selection and use of appropriate counter piracy meas-

ures in layered holistic defence and a user configurable 

counter measures Knowledge base which will provide 

recommendations on counter measures based on user 

entered constraints, cost and effectiveness thresholds.

Description of the work 

» Development of Tools

The PROMERC consortium brings together end-users, 

commercial, political, academic, and military entities 

The heart of PROMERC will be the development and 

along with leading research companies and agencies. 

demonstration of decision aids for commercial shipping. 

The consortium’s broad commercial and military secu-

One will provide an automated voyage planning support 

rity experience will be supported by active stakeholder 

tool which will create seven day forecasts of piracy risks 

engagement throughout.

with real skill combining factors such as the day of the 

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Supply chainPROMERC

229

week, the moon phase and visibility, location, season, 

Results  

environmental conditions (e.g. wind speed), with ship and 

voyage specific factors to produce routes optimised to 

The PROMERC project will apply advanced geospatial 

minimise cost and risk.

analysis  and  intelligence  techniques  to  provide  the 

shipping industry with a layered approach to planning, 

The other will be a Counter-Measures Decision Aid to 

routeing and threat reduction that goes beyond cur-

provide dynamic situation sensitive advice and guidance 

rent solutions. PROMERC will organize and consolidate 

to the bridge team incorporating near real time updates 

the many dimensions of risk reduction by delivering a 

and underpinned by the Counter Measure Knowledge 

knowledge base, manuals and tools to assess the avail-

Base to produce accurate up-to-date assessments.

able counter-measures, the current and future threat 

situations, to identify and quantify the risks and to aid 

decisions before and during voyages. The system will 

provide situation and ship specific counter-measures and 

best practice guidance prior to and during the voyage, 

as well as interactive route planning tools to develop 

the counter-measures and sail plan to an acceptable 

level of risk and cost.

PARTNERS 

FLIR Systems Ltd (FLIR) 
NATO Science and Technology Organization (CMRE) 
IMO World Maritime University (WMU) 
University of the Aegean – research Unit (UoA) 
Security Association for the Maritime Industry Ltd (SAMI) 
Uniresearch B.V. (UNR) 
Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research  (TNO) 
Engineering Ingegneria Informatica Spa (EII) 
OLDENDORFF Carriers GmbH & Co KG (OLD) 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
Italy
Sweden
Greece
United Kingdom
The Netherlands
The Netherlands
Italy
Germany

230

SAFEPOST /  Reuse and development of Security Knowledge assets 
for International Postal supply chains 

D
E
T
I
M
I
L

P
U
O
R
G
T
M
B
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

SAFEPOST aims to raise the current level of postal se-

Starting from the perspective of the partner postal op-

curity by integrating innovative screening solutions that:  

erations, the project first identified the main security 

1) do not disrupt the flow of enormous volumes of 

threats and threat actors and the main security gaps in 

parcels and letters associated with operational postal 

postal operations. Secondly, it described security meas-

processes and 2) support customs and counter-crime 

ures and process improvements to maintain or augment 

intelligence work within a European-wide cooperative 

the efficient and secure operation of postal  services to 

distributed model.

address the identified threats.

After completing an inventory of security gaps, this was 

developed into generic postal security models which 

were integrated into a Postal Security Target Operating 

Model. This enabled postal operators, customs and other 

relevant actors to understand how to securely exchange 

information related not only to security but also to the 

optimization of postal flows. 

To support the Postal Security Target Operating Model, 

a Postal security platform was developed to help ex-

tend the current MEDICI effort. It exploited previous FP7 

proect developments regarding e-freight and secure 

supply chains. SAFEPOST extended the concept of its 

Postal Security Target Operating Model to propose a 

‘Common Postal Security Space’ with a view to creating 

a future European/World Postal Security information 

sharing system.

285104

Total Cost   

€ 14,986,407.66

EU Contribution 

€ 9,523,423

Starting Date 

01/04/2012

End Date 

31/03/2016

Association of European 

Public Postal Operators 

AISBL (PostEurop)

PostEurop Projects  

Department

114 Boulevard Brand 

Whitlock 

1200 Brussels, 

Belgium

Contact

Antonino Scribellito 

Phone  : +32 2 773 11 93

Mobile  : +32 491 08 57 25 

Fax  : +32 2 771 48 58

E-mail  :  

antonino.scribellito@ 

posteurop.org

Website  :  

www.posteurop.org 

www.safepostproject.eu  

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Supply chain 
 
 
 
SAFEPOST

231

Results 

» A full-scale live demonstration of the SAFEPOST-based 
solutions was held to evaluate the feasibility and the 

» SAFEPOST saw strong interest from law enforcement 

benefits of the project’s approach. The first demonstra-

agencies and custom authorities: 

tion took place at Iceland Post’s sorting centre in Rey-

» A “Postal Security Forum” was created for the partici-
pation of all postal security supply chain stakeholders 

kjavik on May 2015, to analyse the flow of postal items 

through D-Tube and to identify areas for improvements. 

A second live demonstration took place at Correos’s 

such as UPU; European Commission DGs TAXUD, MOVE, 

sorting centre in June 2015 in Zaragoza, Spain. About 

and HOME AFFAIRS; the WCO; and International Post 

70 participants from DGs Home Affairs and TAXUD, 

Corporation (IPC) representatives so all could present the 

PostEurop members, external supply chain stakehold-

postal security technical challenges, latest developments 

ers, customs authorities and SAFEPOST consortium 

and security projects of their respective organisations.

partners attended the event, which underscored the 

» A SAFEPOST work group was created to support the 
security and customs transversal aspects of PostEurop 

and to provide a common platform for PostEurop mem-

bers to support the implementation of the project.

improvements made since the first demonstration. Two 

more demos will take place in 2016.

PARTNERS 

Association of European Public Postal Operators AISBL (PostEurop) 
BMT Group Limited (BMT) 
Geopost – La Poste Group (GEO) 
Totalförsvarets forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Tellusecure AB (TLS) 
MJC2 Limited (MJC2)  
INLECOM Systems Ltd. (ILS) 
Correos y Telégrafos S.A. (COR) 
Atos Spain S.A. (ATOS) 
Stichting Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut (NEN) 
Confederation of Organisations in Road Transport Enforcement  AISBL (CORTE) 
Hellenic Post S.A  (ELTA) 
K-NET S.A. (KNET) 
MARLO AS (MARLO) 
Fundación Zaragoza Logistics Center (ZLC) 
CONCEPTIVITY (CPT) 
ĺslandspóstur hf (IP) 
Università degli Studi di Genova (UNIGE) 
Cross-border Research Association (CBRA) 
European Organisation for Security S.C.R.L. (EOS) 

COUNTRY

Belgium
United Kingdom
France
Sweden
Sweden
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Spain
Spain
The Netherlands
Belgium
Greece 
Greece
Norway
Spain
Switzerland
Iceland
Italy
Switzerland
Belgium

232

ADABTS / Automatic detection of abnormal behaviour and threats 
in crowded spaces

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

n
g
i
s
e
D
v
L
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

218197

Total Cost   

€ 4,483,794

EU Contribution  

€ 3,229,034 

Starting Date  

01/08/2009 

End Date 

31/07/2013

TOTALFORSVARETS 

ADABTS aims to facilitate the protection of EU citizens, 

ADABTS will develop new, and adapt existing sensor 

property and infrastructure against threats of terrorism, 

processing methods and algorithms for detecting and 

crime and riots by the automatic detection of threatening 

tracking  people  in  complex  environments,  involving 

human behaviour.

groups of people or crowds. Extracted sensor data fea-

tures (e.g. tracks, voice pitches, body articulations) need 

ADABTS aims to develop models for threatening behav-

to be related to the behaviour primitives, and, moreover, 

iours and algorithms for automatic detection of such 

to be dynamic and to adapt to the context.

behaviours as well as deviations from normal behaviour 

in surveillance data.

ADABTS will adapt the above algorithms to run on commer-

cially available, low-cost hardware architectures consisting 

FORSKNINGSINSTITUT

ADABTS aims to develop a real-time evaluation platform 

of multi-core CPUs combined with several multi-stream 

Division of Information 

based on commercially available hardware, in order to 

GPUs (Graphical Processing Units). Such hardware, in rapid 

Systems 

Postal Box : 1165

SE-58111 Linköping

Sweden

Contact

Jörgen Ahlberg

Tel  : +46 13378068

enable high-performance, low-cost surveillance systems.

development driven by the game industry, represents a 

Description of the work 

huge potential for high-performance surveillance systems.

ADABTS will communicate results to the various kinds 

ADABTS will gather experts in human factors, signal 

of identified actors : security stakeholders like European 

processing, computer vision, and surveillance technology. 

and national authorities, police organisations or event 

In the first stage, focus will be on human factors in order 

organizers ; security system operators and security ser-

Mobile : +46 706757384 

to define and model behaviours. Then, the focus will be 

vice companies ; security system integrators ; technology 

Fax  : +46 13378287

shifted towards automatic analysis of surveillance data 

developers ; the research communities for psychology 

E-mail  :  

(video and audio). Finally, a demonstration system will 

and human factors; and signal processing communities.

adabts_coordinator@foi.se

be implemented.

ADABTS will create models of behaviour that can be 

pal contractors, as subcontractors, or in an associated 

used to describe behaviours to be detected and how they 

stakeholder group.

ADABTS will involve all these actors, either as princi-

can be observed. Such models will enable the predic-

tion of the evolution of behaviour, so that potentially 

threatening behaviour can be detected as it unfolds, 

thus enabling pro-active surveillance. In order to detect 

behaviour defined by these models, advanced methods 

for sensor data analysis are needed. These methods 

should extract sensor data features that can be coupled 

with the defined behaviour primitives, and thus detect 

the presence of the (potentially) threatening behaviour.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Surveillance 
 
 
 
 
ADABTS

233

Results 

at all times in public spaces. 

Current automatic detection systems struggle to make 

ADABTS links different sensor techniques that allow for 

inferences about the intent of human behaviour. ADABTS 

the system to cope with sensor uncertainties and thus 

has addressed the problem of identifying threatening or 

enhancing the system performance. This allows for new 

anomalous behaviour by extracting characterizations in 

system functionality that will disregard the vast amount 

realistic security settings based on expert classifications 

of imagery that contains nothing unusual and will pre-

and the analysis of operator behaviour. Furthermore 

sent events in the footage where something interesting 

ADABTS has developed models for certain threats (e.g., 

might be going on. Improved events detection would 

violence) and for the typical behaviour in specific con-

benefit CCTV operators’ effectiveness, leading to shorter 

texts, as well as methods for detecting these threats 

reaction time concerning violent events. Furthermore, 

and deviations from the typical behaviour in surveillance 

automated offline abilities, like searching databases, 

data.  A prototype system has been developed, creating 

would also facilitate subsequent content-based retrieval 

a proactive system that focuses on detecting the pres-

in images after an incident. This creates new possibilities 

ence of threatening or anomalous behaviour. The system 

for increased security against threats like terror, crime 

allowed for the operator to focus purely on suspicious 

and riots by enhanced warning systems. capabilities at 

situations, as opposed to trying to follow all situations 

a football stadium.

PARTNERS 

Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Stiftelsen SINTEF (SINTEF) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA) 
Institute of Psychology – Ministry of the Interior (IPMI) 
BAE Systems (Operations) Ltd (BAE) 
Home Office Scientific Development Branch (HOSDB) 
Detec AS (Detec) 

COUNTRY

Sweden
Norway
The Netherlands
The Netherlands
Bulgaria
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Norway

234

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

z
t
e
e
P

n
a
i
t
s
i
r
K
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

ARENA / Architecture for the recognition of threats to mobile assets 
using networks of multiple affordable sensors

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

ARENA has a stakeholder group which consists of rep-

resentatives from the land case and the maritime case. 

261658

Total Cost   

€ 4,861,867.60

EU Contribution  

€ 3,178,761 

Starting Date  

16/05/2011

Duration 

36 months

TOTALFORSVARETS 

FORSKNINGSINSTITUT

Swedish Defence  

Research Agency

Gullfossgatan 6 

The objective of ARENA is to develop methods for au-

tomatic detection and recognition of threats, based on 

The project will be carried out as an iterative systems 

multisensory data analysis. Research objectives include :

development project. First, a threat analysis, develop-

» To robustly and autonomously detect threats to critical 
mobile assets in large unpredictable environments;

ment of user scenarios and user interaction will result 

in user requirements of the ARENA surveillance system 

for mobile platforms (WP2). The input will be used to 

develop the generic system architecture (WP3) and the 

» To reduce the number and impact of false alarms and 

different components necessary for the testbed (devel-

work towards optimized decision making;

oped in WP4) ; the object assessment (WP5), the situation 

» To demonstrate automatic threat detection for the 

These components will to a large extent be developed 

assessment (WP6), and the threat recognition (WP7). 

land case (truck);

in parallel, thus requiring much interaction between the 

work packages. The results from WP3, WP5, WP6 and 

» To demonstrate an integrated, scalable and easy to 

WP7 (the latter including inputs from WP5 and WP6) 

STOCKHOLM, 164 90

deploy monitoring system;

are continuously integrated in the system testbed de-

Sweden

Contact

Åsa Waern

Tel  : +46 13378084

» To assess automated threat detection for the land case 

veloped in WP4.

(train) and the maritime case (vessel, oil rig);

Once the testbed is completed, the remainder of the 

project deals with demonstrations and evaluations of 

E-mail  : asa.waern@foi.se

» To evaluate detection performance and contribute to 

the ARENA concept and system, providing experiences 

Website  :  

http ://www.foi.se

standards;

» To respect and respond to social, legal and ethical 
issues arising from the design, implementation and 

deployment.

Description of the work 

ARENA addresses the design of a flexible surveillance 

system for detection and recognition of threats towards 

deployment on mobile critical assets/platforms such 

as trucks, trains, vessels, and oil rigs. There is a sub-

stantial end-user need for intelligent and continuous 

proactive monitoring to enable situational awareness 

and determination of potential threats enabling timely 

and appropriate response.

and feedback on the user requirements, the generic ar-

chitecture, the different research areas related to the 

components and the testbed/system itself. Demonstra-

tions will take place using the scenarios as developed in 

WP2, involving a truck case. Evaluation will be performed 

by means of testing and experimentation, using a thor-

oughly designed testing methodology. The Stakeholder 

Group will be involved throughout the Project.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Surveillance 
 
 
 
 
ARENA

235

Results 

The expected result of ARENA is a system consisting of 

low cost sensors which are easy to deploy. The system 

will be adaptable to various platforms and increase the 

situation awareness. 

PARTNERS 

Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
BMT GROUP LIMITED (BMT) 
ITTI Sp.zo.o. (ITTI) 
SAGEM DEFENSE SECURITE (Sagem DS) 
Morpho (MPH) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
THE UNIVERSITY OF READING (UoR) 
PRO DOMO SAS (PRODOMO) 

COUNTRY

Sweden 
United Kingdom
Poland
France
France
The Netherlands 
United Kingdom
France

236

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

ARGOS / Advanced pRotection of critical buildinGs by Overall 
anticipating System

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

313217

Total Cost   

€4,645,416.00

EU Contribution  

€ 3,464,258.50

Starting Date  

01/01/2014

Duration 

36 months

EVERIS SPAIN SL

Security & Defence

Socioeconomic activities such as supply and distribution 

It is a 4.5 million euro project co-funded by the European 

of gas or electricity and the infrastructures that generate 

Commission under the 7th Framework Programme that 

it or transport it are vital to the day-to-day functioning 

started in January 2014 and will end in December 2015. 

of any country. Due to several factors, the social and 

The ARGOS Consortium covers the entire value chain 

financial European situation, or supply constraints, energy 

and includes all the expertise required for the successful 

and utilities have become a prominent issue in Europe.

execution of the project. The 13 partners are from seven 

Any  uncontrolled  disruption  in  those  types  of 

infrastructures may result in an unacceptable loss of 

ARGOS will allow end-users to deploy the solution beyond 

human lives and a huge impact on the economic and 

the actual perimeter of the infrastructure, extending the 

social well-being of any country. It is critical to protect 

“security zone” beyond the critical perimeter by defining 

different countries with a wide range of capabilities. 

Avenida Manoteras 52

these infrastructures from threats to avoid potential 

wide early-warning areas that will enhance the Critical 

Madrid 28050 SPAIN

disruption.

Infrastructures capacity to monitor, deter and respond 

Contact

to potential threats. 

Mario Carabaño Marí

ARGOS [Advanced pRotection of critical buildinGs by 

Tel  : +34 91 749 00 00

Overall  anticipating  System]  is  a  multimodal  early 

It is well-suited for remote semi-urban or non-urban 

E-mail  : mario.carabano.mari@

warning security solution for Critical Infrastructures 

environments where energy is not always available, since 

everis.com 

focused on low consumption technologies and detection 

the solution will be based on an energy efficient algorithm 

Website: www.argos-project.eu

algorithms based on data fusion and data mining smart 

for data processing, low-energy communications, self-

techniques. 

powered networks of sensors, sleeping mode for video 

sensors and energy-efficient microelectronics. ARGOS will 

also focus on the development of non- privacy-invasive 

technologies such as vibration sensors and embedded 

video  and  audio  analytics  so  capturing  devices  will 

transfer metadata instead of recorded images or sounds.

Some of the subsystems that encompass the ARGOS 

solution are, for example, vibration sensors, Infrared 

Cameras and Laser Telemeters, infrasound sensors, a 

module for data fusion and another one for data mining, 

audio and video analytics.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Surveillance 
 
Results 

ARGOS will simultaneously evaluate and cross-check the 

facilities from the National Centre for Scientific Research 

inputs coming from the multimodal network of sensors 

Demokritos (Athens) and will test the protection of an 

in order to minimise false alarms, using data mining to 

energy producer critical infrastructure.

account for correlations and interdependencies. Also the 

system will implement a “guided learning” methodology 

letting the operator teach the engine whether an alarm 

is true or false, in an iterative cycle of continuous and 

progressive improvement.

During the duration of the project, field trials will be done 

where the solution will be tested as means of validation. 

The first of the two trials will be done in Transgaz’s 

facilities (Bucharest) and will test the protection of 

a  long  cross  Critical  Infrastructure,  such  as  a  gas 

pipeline. The second trial will take place in the nuclear  

PARTNERS 

Everis (EVR) 
S.C. Mira Telecom S.R.L. (MIT) 
Aratos Technologies S.A. (ARA) 
INFITHEON Technologies (INF)  
Centre For Security Studies (KEMEA) (KEM)  
HI-iberia Ingeniería y Proyectos (SL HIB) 
Athens Information Technology (AIT) 
VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland  
Thales Services SAS (THA) 
Charles University in Prague (CUNI) 
Athena GS3 Security Implementations Ltd (ATH) 
National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos (NCSRD) 
Port Authority of Gijon (PAG) 

ARGOS

237

COUNTRY

Spain
Romania
Greece
Greece
Greece
Spain
Greece
Finland
France
Czech Republic
Israel
Greece
Spain

 
 
238

BASYLIS / moBile, Autonomous and affordable SYstem to increase 
security in Large unpredIctable environmentS

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

n
r
e
f
e
u
b
©

l

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Results 

261786

Total Cost   

€ 2,989,194.80

EU Contribution  

€ 2,037,265

Starting Date  

01/05/2011 

End Date 

31/05/2013

IP SISTEMAS

Calle Anabel Segura  

nº 7- Planta B

28108, Alcobendas, Madrid

The BASYLIS system aims to create a transportable se-

A system that ensures the complete protection of a Refugee 

curity platform capable of detecting a wide range of pre-

camp on different levels thanks to long range systems like 

determined security threats. 

radar and ladar, to low range systems like underground 

seismic and metal sensor, and personal protection sys-

The prototype design will include five highly sensitive 

tems like bracelets and button alarm system, all with the 

sensors exploiting different parts of the spectrum: radio, 

aid of a system of video classification and an Acoustic 

magnetic, seismic, acoustic and optical waves, as well as 

Vector Sensors system and a multi-tracker and behaviour 

images via intelligent video.

analysis system.

Description of the work 

Spain

Contact

The principal obstacles to early threat detection in wide 

areas are of two types: functional (e.g. false-alarm rate) 

Sonia Gracia Anadón

and ethical (e.g. privacy). Both problems are exacerbated 

Tel : +34 91 203 87 09

when either the installations or the environments are 

Mobile  : +34 610 201 908

dynamic.

Fax  : +34 91 209 78 28

E-mail  : sgracia@indra.es

The information gathered by these sensors is brought 

Website  : www.basylis.

together into an information layer composed of three 

european-project.eu

levels: multi-sensor integration (MSI), image processing 

and risk assessment.

The BASYLIS system integrates all the sensors in a uni-

fied system, incorporating three intelligence levels and 

merges alarms coming from different sensor for the 

same object before sending the data to a Behavioural 

Analysis module.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Surveillance 
 
 
 
BASYLIS

239

PARTNERS 

IP SISTEMAS (IP) 
NEW TECHNOLOGIES GLOBAL SYSTEMS (NTGS) 
UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI FIRENZE (UFL) 
TERMA A/S (TERMA) 
MICROFLOWN (MICROFLOWN) 
MIRASYS OY (MIRASYS) 
UNIVERSIDAD POLITECNICA DE MADRID (UPM) 
UNIVERSITY COLLEGUE LONDON (UCL) 
CENTRO NACIONAL DE PROTECIÓN DE INFRAESTRUCTURAS (CNPIC) 

COUNTRY

Spain
Spain
Italy
Denmark
The Netherlands
Finland
Spain
United Kingdom
Spain

240

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

i

u
o
n
o
t
n
a
p
a
P

s
i
n
o
t
n
A
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

IDETECT 4ALL /Novel Intruder Detection & Authentication 
Optical Sensing Technology

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives 

Results 

217872

Total Cost   

€ 3,239,571

EU Contribution  

€ 2,298,014 

Starting Date  

01/07/2008

End Date  

30/06/2011

This project’s overarching objective was to develop and 

After consultations with end-users, the consortium de-

test a system of sensor technologies to protect critical 

veloped a technological system consisting of: 

infrastructure. A key driver was to find ways to over-

come the high cost and unacceptable false alarm rates 

» a low-cost prototype communication network to trans-

that limit the deployment of existing security sensor 

mit event messages; 

technologies.

» a “back-office” database linked to control centre ap-

Much of iDETECT4ALL’s work focused on prototype sen-

plication software; 

sors to detect intruders and remotely scan/read optical 

INSTRO PRECISION LTD.

tags worn by authorised personnel and vehicles. A system 

» a geographic information system (GIS) to correlate 

15 Hornet Close

architecture was defined to capture sensor alert event 

with alerts; 

Pysons Rd Industrial Estate

data, transmit this to a remote control centre and enable 

Broadstairs, Kent, CT10 2YD

an imaging system to view the intruder event.

Work was divided into the following phases:

view the event detected.

» a high resolution imaging system based on an internet 
control protocol to accept sensor alerts and pivot to 

These elements were integrated and then tested in field 

experiments at airports in Portugal (Faro) and Belgium 

(Liege) using representative critical infrastructure protec-

tion scenarios. A wide variety of test cases were exam-

United Kingdom

Contact

William Caplan, MSE

ext. 110

E-mail  :  

Electro-optic Project Manager

» review of end user requirements;

Instro Precision Limited.

Tel  : +44 (0) 1843 60 44 55 

» system architecture definition;

» technology R&D until the prototype design and manu-

ined, including authentication and detection of walking 

williamcaplan@instro.com

facture stage;

Website  :  

www.idetect4all.com

» system integration;

» field trials;

» analysis and evaluation.

and running personnel, and moving vehicles. The tests 

were carried out both day and night, and in adverse 

weather conditions such as heavy rain. 

The field trial results demonstrated that the sensors and 

their system delivered useful levels of real world perfor-

mance, while confirming that the project’s objectives of 

achieving a very low false alarm rate and high detection 

rates were achieved. A key technological breakthrough 

was made with the development and successful testing 

of a single sensor able to both detect intruders and also 

authenticate personnel and vehicles by reading remote 

optical tags.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Surveillance 
 
 
 
 
IDETECT 4ALL

241

Though the project consortium said there is scope for 

further improvement of the sensor performance through 

additional optimisation of the hardware and signal pro-

cessing algorithms, it argues that there is a good market 

opportunity to materialise and exploit the know-how 

gained in the project via a number of products.

According to the project’s research partners, suitable 

levels of investment in optimisation and engineering 

for production in iDETECT4ALL’s sensor and associated 

system could lead to “improved protection for critical 

infrastructures in the European Union and the world.”

PARTNERS 

Instro Precision Ltd. 
Motorola Israel Ltd. 
EVERIS Consulting 
Cargo Airlines 
3D s.a. 
ANA Aeroportos de Portugal 
LACHS 
Azimuth Tecnologies Ltd. 
S.C. PRO OPTICA S.A. 
Halevi Dweck & Co. Arttic Israel Company Ltd. (ARTTIC) 
Arttic Israel International Management Services 2009 Ltd (AIL) 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
Israel
Spain
Israel
Greece
Portugal
Belgium
Israel
Romania
Israel
Israel

242

.

m
o
c
o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

-

l

a
d
r
e
w
o
H
e
k
u
A
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

INDECT / Intelligent information system supporting observation, 
searching and detection for security of citizens in urban environment

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

218086

Total Cost   

€ 14,984,466

EU Contribution  

€ 10,906,984

Starting Date  

01/01/2009

End Date 

30/06/2014

The main objectives of the INDECT Project were:

The INDECT Project aimed to develop tools for enhancing 

» to develop an intelligent information system for auto-
matic detection of threats and recognition of criminal 

of recorded and stored information as well as the privacy 

of involved persons. INDECT targeted threat detection in 

the security of citizens and protecting the confidentiality 

behaviour or violence;

both real environments (intelligent cameras) and virtual 

environments (computer networks, especially Internet).

» to develop new methods and techniques providing tools 
to support activities of police officers, including tools 

The INDECT methodology addressed, firstly, the detection 

for threat detection on the Internet; this included the 

of specific crimes (such as Internet child pornography, 

AGH UNIVERSITY OF 

development of a new type of search engine com-

trafficking of human organs, spread of botnets, viruses, 

SCIENCE AND  

TECHNOLOGY

Department  

of Telecommunications

Al. A. Mickiewicza 30

PL-30059 Kraków, Poland

Contact

Prof. Andrzej Dziech

Tel  : +48 12 6172616

Mobile : +48 607 720 845

Fax  : +48 12 6342372

E-mail  : dziech@kt.agh.edu.pl

Website  :  

www.indect-project.eu/

bining direct search of images and video based on 

malware as well as terrorism, and organised crime), then 

watermarked contents and storage of metadata in 

the detection of the source of the identified crimes (for 

the form of digital watermarks;

example, specific criminals responsible for the crimes). It 

» to develop techniques for data and privacy protec-
tion in storage and transmission of data based on 

quantum cryptography and new methods of digital 

watermarking.

is always a human being (police, security services, etc.) 

who ultimately decides whether an intervention should 

take place once a source has been identified.

It should be underlined that the INDECT project was a 

research project, allowing involved European scientists 

to develop new, advanced and innovative algorithms and 

methods aimed at combating terrorism and other crimi-

nal activities, such as human trafficking and organised 

crime, which are affecting citizens’ safety.

The INDECT Project ensured strict fulfilment of the EU 

ethical regulations on privacy, data protection, prevention 

of dual use, etc. In accordance with these regulations, 

a great deal of attention was paid to ethical issues, 

and among others, the INDECT Project never involved  

processing of any personal data without the prior written 

consent of individuals.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Surveillance 
 
 
 
 
INDECT

243

Results

child pornography, detection of dangerous situations 

(e.g. robberies), and the use of dangerous objects (e.g. 

The  INDECT  project  (“Intelligent  information  sys-

knives or guns) in public spaces. 

tem  supporting  observation,  searching  and  detec-

tion  for  security  of  citizens  in  urban  environment”,  

A significant part of the project was dedicated to the 

http://www.indect-project.eu/) worked on developing so-

development of tools and methods for data and privacy 

lutions designed for police and other law enforcement 

protection. The processed information is protected before 

authorities in the EU. Focusing on automatic threat detec-

its transmission or storage to prevent any attempts at 

tion in urban environments, the project team developed a 

unauthorised access. Dedicated tools have been de-

set of tools supporting decision-making in counteracting 

veloped to protect citizens’ privacy in areas covered by 

threats and criminal activities.

visual monitoring systems. 

European scientists and researchers developed solutions 

The main tangible INDECT results are over 50 working 

and tools for automatic threat detection. The primary 

prototypes. Some of them were presented and awarded 

objective was to develop advanced and innovative algo-

at international exhibitions and conferences.

rithms for human decision support in combating terrorism 

and other criminal activities, such as human trafficking, 

PARTNERS 

COUNTRY

Poland

AGH University of Science and Technology (AGH) 
APERTUS Távoktatás-fejlesztési Módszertani Központ Tanácsadó és Szolgáltató Közhasznú Társaság (APERTUS)   Hungary
Gdansk University of Technology (GUT) 
InnoTec DATA G.m.b.H.  & Co. KG (INNOTEC) 
Grenoble INP (INP) 
General Headquarters of Police (GHP) 
INDESOL (INDESOL) 
PSI Transcom GmbH (PSI) 
Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) 
Poznan University of Technology (PUT) 
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M) 
Technical University of Sofia (TU-SOFIA) 
University of Wuppertal (BUW) 
University of York (UoY) 
Technical University of Ostrava (VSB) 
Technical University of Kosice (TUKE) 
X-Art Pro Division G.m.b.H. (X-ART) 
Fachhochschule Technikum Wien (FHTW) 

Poland
Germany
France
Poland
Spain
Germany
United Kingdom
Poland
Spain
Bulgaria
Germany
United Kingdom
Czech Republic
Slovakia
Austria
Austria

244

MOSAIC / Multi-Modal Situation Assessment & Analytics Platform

c
i
a
s
o
M
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

261776

Total Cost   

€ 3,606,642

EU Contribution  

€ 2,664,559

Starting Date  

01/04/2011

End Date 

31/07/2014

i
i

r
r
o
o
t
t
a
a
n
n
d
d
r
r
o
o
o
o
C
C

THE UNIVERSITY OF 

READING

Intelligent Media Systems 

and Services Research 

Laboratory, School of Sys-

MOSAIC developed and validated :

MOSAIC Platform involved multi-modal data intelligence 

» A framework for capturing and interpreting the use-
context requirements underpinned by a standard data 

capture and analytics including video and text collater-

als etc. The distributed intelligence within the platform 

enabled decision support for automated detection, rec-

ontology to facilitate the tagging, search and fusion 

ognition, geo-location and mapping, including intelligent 

of data from distributed multimedia sensors, sources 

decision support at various levels to enhance situation 

and databases;

» A systems architecture to support wide area surveil-
lance with edge and central fusion and decision sup-

port capabilities; 

awareness, surveillance targeting and camera handover ; 

these involved level one fusion, and situation understand-

ing to enable decision support and impact analysis at 

level two and three of situation assessment. Accordingly 

MOSAIC developed and validated : i) A framework for 

capturing and interpreting the use-context requirements 

» Algorithms, including hardware-accelerated algorithms 
for smart cameras, which enable disparate multi-media 

underpinned by a standard data ontology to facilitate 

the tagging, search and fusion of data from distributed 

tems Engineering

information correlation to form a common operating 

multi-media sensors, sources and databases, ii) A sys-

Whiteknights Campus

picture, including representation of the temporal in-

tems architecture to support wide area surveillance with 

PO Box 217

RG66AH Reading,  

United Kingdom

Contact

Prof. Atta Badii

formation and aspects; 

edge and central fusion and decision support capabilities, 

iii) Algorithms, including hardware-accelerated ones for 

» Tools and techniques for the extraction of key infor-
mation from video, uncontrolled text and databases 

smart cameras, which enable disparate multi-media 

information correlation to form a common operating 

using pattern recognition and behaviour modelling 

picture, including representation of the temporal informa-

tion and aspects, iv) Tools and techniques for the extrac-

tion of key information from video, un-controlled text 

Tel  : +44 (0) 118 378 7842

techniques;

Fax  : +44 (0) 118 975 1994

E-mail  :  

atta.badii@readiing.ac.uk

» Algorithms and techniques to represent decisions and 
actions within a mathematical framework, and how 

and databases using pattern recognition and behaviour 

modelling techniques, v) Algorithms and techniques to 

Website  :  

this framework can be used to simulate the effects 

represent decisions and actions within a mathematical 

www.imss.reading.ac.uk

of disturbances on the system.

framework, and how this framework can be used to 

simulate the effects of disturbances on the system, vi) 

An integrated system solution based upon the proposed 

systems architecture and the above developed enabling 

technologies including techniques for tagging different 

multi-media types with descriptive metadata to support 

multi-level fusion and correlation of surveillance and 

other data intelligence from distributed heterogeneous 

sources and networks.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Surveillance 
 
MOSAIC

245

Results 

10) Optical Flow based Crowd Motion Analysis

11)  Detection of Loitering Mugging, People Carrying 

MOSAIC project delivered a significant number of modules 

Large Objects, and, Left-behind Objects 

and components for decision supported targeted surveillance 

12) VIKI The VIKI (View It, Know It)

as integrated into the MOSAIC Demonstrator Framework. 

These are: 

MOSAIC innovations have had a major impact on band-

width economies for security surveillance systems at 

1) Semantic Representation Framework & Data Model

various levels. For example, network traffic efficiency: 

2) Ontology-Based Reasoning

3) Decision Support System 

the ability to pre-process events on the camera itself 

enabling a more focused and targeted surveillance. This 

4) The Template Matching Decision Support (TMDS)

is driving several other benefits such as lower storage 

5) Data/Text Mining Component 

requirements, adaptability, easier installation and main-

6)  Social/Criminal Network Analysis Tools 

tenance, reduced overall costs and better targeting of 

7)  Automatic Generation and Prioritisation of Networks  

surveillance resources. The MOSAIC domain model is 

8)  Smart Camera Component Single & Multi-Camera 

generic enough to facilitate easy adaptation to domains 

Tracking 

where a media-independent representation of a wide 

9) Person/Group Detection & Tracking 

range of real-world situations and events is needed. 

PARTNERS 

The University of Reading (UoR) 
BAE Systems (Operations) Ltd (BAE) 
A E Solutions (BI) (AES) 
SYNTHEMA S.R.L. (SY) 
TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAT BERLIN (TUB) 
DResearch Digital Media Systems GmbH (DR) 
WEST MIDLANDS POLICE AUTHORITY (WMP) 
INTERNATIONAL FORUM FOR BIOPHILOSOPHY (IFB) 
WARWICKSHIRE POLICE (WP) 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom 
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Italy
Germany
Germany
United Kingdom
Belgium
United Kingdom

246

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

P5 / Privacy Preserving Perimeter Protection Project

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

312784 

Total Cost   

€4,823,592.80

EU Contribution  

€3,499,169.00

Starting Date  

01/08/2014

Duration 

36 months

The goal of  P5 is the development of an intelligent, pro-

The system will support, rather than replace, a human 

active perimeter surveillance system that works robustly 

operator. A low false alarm rate due to animals or other 

under a wide range of weather and lighting conditions 

innocuous events, combined with high threat detection 

and that has strong privacy preserving features. The 

sensitivity and privacy standards, are central ambitions 

system will monitor the region outside the security area 

of the project. To achieve these goals, a multispectral 

of critical buildings and infrastructure, and give early 

sensor suite comprising both passive and active sensors 

warning if terrestrial or airborne threats are detected. 

is envisaged, i.e., a system based on radar, visual and 

The work is carried out by nine partners and is coordi-

thermal sensors. The sensor suite will be complemented 

nated by FOI, the Swedish Defence Research Agency. 

with advanced algorithms for information fusion, object 

FOI – TOTALFORSVARETS 

The research and development activities within P5 are 

detection and classification, privacy preservation, and 

FORSKNINGSINSTITUT

financed by the participating organisations themselves 

high level modelling of intent and behaviour analysis.

and by the European Commission through the Framework 

7 Grant 312 784. 

Division of Sensor

and EW Systems

Olaus Magnus väg 42 

Linköping 581 11

SWEDEN

Contact

Dr. Ola Friman

E-mail  : ola.friman@foi.se

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / SurveillanceP5

247

Results 

The P5 project is strongly user-driven and demonstration 

of the developed surveillance system will be conducted 

at two different critical infrastructure sites. Finally, the 

P5 project will make contributions to evolving standards 

in detection systems.

PARTNERS 

TOTALFORSVARETS FORSKNINGSINSTITUT (FOI)                                          
THE UNIVERSITY OF READING (UOR)                                                            
TERMISK SYSTEMTEKNIK I SVERIGE AB (TST)                                                
SAGEM DEFENSE SECURITE (SAG)                                                                  
FACULTES UNIVERSITAIRES NOTRE-DAME DE LA PAIX DE NAMUR (FUNDP)  
VISUAL TOOLS SA (VT)                                                                                      
IMST GMBH (IMST)                                                                                             
OKG AKTIEBOLAG (OKG)                                                                                  
HOME OFFICE CAST                                                                                        

COUNTRY

Sweden
United Kingdom
Sweden
France
Belgium
Spain
Germany
Sweden
United Kingdom

248

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

o
v
r
e
c

i

o
g
e
d
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SAMURAI / Suspicious and Abnormal behaviour Monitoring Using  
a netwoRk of cAmeras for sItuation awareness enhancement

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives 

Results 

217899

Total Cost   

€ 3,723,071.40

EU Contribution  

€ 2,478,051.50

Starting Date  

01/06/2008

End Date 

30/11/2011

The aim of SAMURAI was to develop and integrate an 

SAMURAI produced a range of new operating concepts, soft-

innovative surveillance system for monitoring both the 

ware and hardware to achieve its scientific research goals. 

interior and surrounding areas of a critical public infra-

structure site. 

For combining sensor data, SAMURAI produced new visu-

alisation software, the SUMURAI GUI, to display data from 

The project set out to achieve three key innovations:

different inputs in one window. As well as active 3D image 

» combining networked sensors, rather than isolated 
visual sensors (e.g. standalone CCTV cameras), so that 

mapping, this includes a background algorithm that auto-

matically filters out “useless” motion from sensor images 

to leave only relevant, “action needed” highlights. 

QUEEN MARY,  

multiple complementary sources of information are 

UNIVERSITY OF LONDON

fused in order to obtain a complete surveillance picture;

For abnormal behaviour detection, the project combined  

Department of Computer 

multi-sensor source data processing with a series of pre-

Science

Mile End Road

E1 4NS London

United Kingdom

Contact

Shaogang GONG

» developing intelligent video analytics, as well as an 
online adaptive behaviour monitoring system, for real-

programmed abnormal, rare or “of interest” behavioural 

triggers. Data points such as audio abnormalities, obvious 

time abnormal behaviour detection;

attempts to conceal one’s identity, or movements against 

» integrating fixed-position CCTV video footage with 
mobile sensory input from patrolling staff for more 

the regular “flow” of crowded area traffic are fed into this 

system to produce “focus of attention” (FoA) prioritisation 

for operators.

Tel  : +44 20 7882 5249

effective “man-in-the-loop” decision-making back at 

Fax  : +44 20 8980 6533

the operations centre. 

E-mail  : sgg@dcs.qmul.ac.uk

Website  :  

www.samurai-eu.org

Finally, to integrate sensory input from patrolling staff, 

SAMURAI designed and developed the Ninja, a wearable 

sensor suit with built in data ports for camera and audio 

inputs. Supported by a wifi-based remote processing unit 

known as the BPS Ngine system, the project produced 50 

operating Ninja units. Each unit can augment fixed position 

sensors by giving operators an “eyes on target” update to 

other feeds. 

When combined, the results produced by SAMURAI represent 

a highly integrated and advanced situational awareness 

system. The use of data fusion algorithms throughout en-

sures that the SAMURAI system displays only the most per-

tinent data and knowledge regarding the current situation. 

In addition it allows the end-user to alter their awareness 

picture in real-time, to support almost immediate staff 

prioritisation during a security incident.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Surveillance 
 
 
 
 
SAMURAI

249

i

a
r
u
m
a
S
©

PARTNERS 

Queen Mary, University of London 
Università degli Studi di Verona 
Elsag Datamat S.p.A. 
Waterfall Solutions Ltd 
Borthwick-Pignon OÜ 
Esaprojekt SP. Z O.O. 
Syndicat Mixte des Transports pour le Rhône et l’Agglomération Lyonnaise 
BAA Limited 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
Italy
Italy
United Kingdom 
Estonia
Poland
France
United Kingdom

 
250

SUBITO / The Surveillance of Unattended Baggage and the 
Identification and Tracking of the Owner

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

k
u
i
s
y
t
r
a
M
m
e
s
t
r
A
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i
i

r
r
o
o
t
t
a
a
n
n
d
d
r
r
o
o
o
o
C
C

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives 

Results  

218004

Total Cost   

€ 3,897,587.20

EU Contribution  

€ 2,581,052,60

Starting Date  

01/01/2009

End Date

31/10/2011

 SUBITO set out to further develop new technologies for 

SUBITO developed its system architecture in the context 

processing visual images and applying threat assessment 

of existing lost baggage procedures used by stakehold-

algorithms for identifying baggage lost by individuals 

ers. It also applied an ethical review related to privacy 

in a crowded public space. The overall objective of the 

requirements in EU law, and produced background ma-

project was to remotely facilitate the:

terial on the wider social and legal aspects of visual 

» fast detection of baggage that has been abandoned;

monitoring technology.

» fast identification of the individual who left the bag-

ments for visual processing camera technology and for 

The eventual defined system required novel advance-

SELEX SENSORS AND  

gage;

the distributed processing of threat assessment data. 

AIRBORNE SYSTEMS 

LIMITED 

2 Crewe Road North 

Edinburgh - EH5 2XS 

Scotland 

United Kingdom

Contact

Ms Georgette Murray 

Mark Riddell 

Tel  : +44 (0) 131 343 5992 

Fax  : +44 (0) 131 343 8110 

E-mail  : mark.riddell@selex-

galileo.com

Website  :  

www.subito-project.eu

» fast determination of their current location, or path 

they followed.

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

i
t
o
o
h
s
u

l
l
i

©

These were:

» Visual: image analysis algorithms were combined with 
improved camera technology to enhance the ability 

to detect, segment, track and classify moving objects 

within a scene. This was achieved by using a multi-view 

approach, which reduced the system’s false alarms; 

» Threat assessment: processing algorithms were devel-
oped to better classify potentially critical situations, 

by giving positional and classification data about the 

objects and people within the sensed environment. 

Research indicates that the inclusion of reasoning 

about the intentions of individuals within a scene, and 

the interactions between these individuals, leads to 

greatly improved performance of the state of the art. 

In particular, the SUBITO system exceeds the processing 

achievements of the previous ISCAPS study.

The project culminated in the final demonstration and 

evaluation of an integrated system, operating in pre-

recorded scenarios. The demonstration illustrates ad-

vances towards the overall objectives mentioned above.

Security Research  Security of infrastructures and utilities / Surveillance 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SUBITO

251

PARTNERS 

SELEX Sensors and Airborne Systems Limited 
ELSAG DATAMAT S.p.A 
Office National d’Etudes et de Recherches Aérospatiales 
L-1 Identity Solutions AG 
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) 
University of Leeds 
University of Reading 
Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus (VTT) 
Österreichesches Forschungs und Prufzentrum Arsenal Ges.m.bH 
Fiera di Genova S.p.A 
The Chancellor, Masters and Scholars of the University of Oxford 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
Italy
France
Germany
France
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Finland
Austria
Italy
United Kingdom

252

ARGUS 3D  / AiR GUidance and Surveillance 3D

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

s
u
g
r
A
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N° 

Project objectives

218041

Total Cost  

€ 4,943,520

EU Contribution  

€ 3,262,050

Starting Date  

01/12/2009

End date 

30/11/2012

The overall objective of the ARGUS 3D project is to enhance 

The ARGUS 3D system functionalities will take into ac-

the security of European citizens, as well as of strategic 

count information provided by innovative 3D PSRs and 

assets by contrasting, over large areas, unpredictable and 

passive radar networks, processing and merging them 

unexpected terrorist threats that can be delivered by means 

with existing radar data, thus exploiting and enhanc-

of small and low-flying (manned or unmanned) aircraft.

ing the performances and capabilities with respect to 

conventional surveillance and ATC systems.

In order to achieve this general objective, the project 

intends to carry out R&D activities aimed at improving 

The presence of new sensors, with respect to conven-

the current ATC systems for civil applications, extending 

tional ATC systems, and the final goal of the project (the 

SELEX SISTEMI  

INTEGRATI SPA

Civil Systems Business 

their coverage and making them able to detect, recognise 

and track non-cooperative targets. 

security enhancement) requires the development of :
» a Consistency function to compare the data from the 

different sensors and check their integrity ;

Unit

The scientific and technical objective of the ARGUS 3D 

Via Tiburtina, 1231

project is studying, designing and implementing an in-

00131 Rome  

novative, low-cost, multi-sensor, radar-based system for 

» a Decision Support function to distinguish between co-
operative and non-cooperative air traffic, thus providing 

Italy

Contact

3D air guidance and surveillance (the “ARGUS 3D” sys-

a warning every time a risk of terrorist attack occurs 

tem) that integrates conventional surveillance systems 

and suggesting to the operators the right actions ;

Claudia Fusai

currently used for civil applications and two classes of 

Tel  : +39 06 4150 5370

non-conventional radar systems : 3D PSR sensors and net-

Fax  : + 39 06 4150 2043

works of multi-operational passive/bistatic radar sensors.

E-mail  : cfusai@selex-si.com

Website  :  

http ://www.argus3d.eu/

Description of the work

The ARGUS 3D project aims at studying, designing and im-

plementing two types of non conventional radar systems :

» a new Data Presentation function to show, in a dedi-
cated display, further information in addition to con-

ventional air traffic information. 

The project includes :
» a controlled demonstration in a real environment of 
the feasibility of the ARGUS 3D approach and the im-

provement of ATC security, checking the detectability 

» The 3D PSR, a solution that, using a monopulse ap-
proach which exploits the difference of the gain of two 

of low flying small-RCS air vehicles (using the passive 

radar) and the ability to evaluate the altitude of non 

radar beams of a conventional multi-beam 2D PSR, al-

cooperative vehicles (using only PSR 3D) ;

lows for obtaining an estimation of the aircraft altitude;

» The Passive/Bistatic radars, special forms of radar sys-
tems that, rather than emitting pulses, rely on sources 

» an evaluation, in a simulated environment, of the over-

all ARGUS 3D integrated system.

of illumination already available in the environment to 

Results

illuminate potential targets and are able to detect and 

track objects by analysing the way these objects reflect 

ARGUS 3D developed two types of non-conventional 

the signals coming from the transmitters of opportunity.

radar systems that can detect, recognize and track NCT 

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Air borders 
 
 
 
ARGUS 3D

253

(non-cooperative targets).  The first system, “3D PSR”, 

In each test, ARGUS 3D systems were tested alongside con-

uses a monopulse estimation capability in the vertical 

ventional ATC systems.  All the results obtained confirmed 

plane, enabling it to identify the altitude of any detected 

target.  The second system – composed of passive and 

that ARGUS 3D could improve current ATC systems via :
» extending the coverage for specific zones where con-

bi-static radar sensors – detects and tracks objects by 

ventional systems typically have difficulty

processing reflections from sources of illumination al-

» greater provision of estimated altitude of targets where 

ready available in the environment such as commercial 

this was previously impossible

broadcasts or communication signals.  

» passive radar networks to fuse information and alarm 

The two systems were successfully tested in seven dif-

systems

ferent scenarios:

1. small civil airport

» provision of surveillance information without inter-

ruption

2. transponder out of service or switched off

» control of the flight in case of data provided by con-

3. tracking of ultra-light motorized

ventional surveillance

4. small touristic aircraft

5. commercial flights

» updating of the final user about the dangerous situation 

detected by the passive radar network

6. PSR (primary surveillance radar) out of service

» establishing a suitable security level and reaction time 

7. quasi-real simulated scenario (Rome region)

upon detection of a target

PARTNERS 

Selex Sistemi Integrati (SELEX-SI) 
SESM Scarl (SESM) 
Università “La Sapienza” di Roma Dip. di Scienza e Tecnica dell’Informazione  
e della Comunicazione (INFOCOM) 
Przemysłowy Instytut Telekomunikacji S.A. (PIT) 
University College of London (UCL) 
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer) 
ENAV S.p.A (ENAV) 
ECONET S.L. (ECONET) 
Dependable Real Time Systems Ltd. (DRTS) 
ISO Software Systeme GmbH (ISO) 
REDHADA S.L. (REDHADA) 
CiaoTech Srl (CTECH) 

COUNTRY

Italy
Italy

Italy
Poland
United Kingdom
Germany
Italy
Spain
United Kingdom
Germany
Spain
Italy

254

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

ABC4EU /  Automated Border Gates For Europe

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

312797

Total Cost 

€ 16,817,103.60 

EU Contribution 

€ 12,015,246.04 

Starting Date 

01/01/2014

Duration 

42 months

The Main Goals of the ABC4EU Project are:

The main objective of the ABC4EU project is to update 

» Analyse the ABC concept vs EU legislation, in particular 
the Schengen Border Code, to identify which processes 

deployed in many member states extending its use to 

second generation passports and citizens of countries 

can / cannot be automated and the impact that different 

outside the EU. In ABC4EU, the upgrade and testing of 

levels of automation could have in the SBC procedures.

the ABC gates will be done in the pilots deployed in Spain 

and integrate the current ABC gates systems already 

and Portugal (in airports, harbours and land borders).

» Optimize and harmonize the ABC processes related to the 

increasing flow of people crossing borders.

In ABC4EU, RTP and EES concepts will be developed and 

INDRA SISTEMAS S.A. 

(INDRA)

CYBERSECURITY / DIGITAL 

» Assess  the  feasibility  of  a  future  Registered  Travel 
Programme (RTP) in the EU which could be integrated 

tested in order to assess their feasibility.

In ABC4EU, special attention will be paid to legal, social 

IDENTITY

into the ABC gates that would allow third country nationals 

and ethical issues and for dissemination and exploitation. 

AVENIDA DE BRUSELAS, 35

to benefit from an automated BCP process in terms of flow 

ABC4EU  consortium  considers  that  all  the  research 

28108 – Alcobendas-  

efficiency, while maintaining the security requirements of 

carried out in the project has to be compliance to the 

laws related to border controls in the European Union 

and respectful to the rights of the European and third 

country citizens, from the social and ethical point of view. 

Madrid - Spain

Contact

Daniel Cuesta 

Tel  : +34 91 480 7993

Fax  : +34 628 23 82 50

Fax  : +34 91 480 6031

the border crossing.

» Assess the feasibility of a future Entry / Exit System (EES) 
in the EU which could be integrated into the ABC gates.

» Evaluate, optimize and harmonize the use of 2nd generation 

E-mail  : dcuesta@indra.es 

passports biometrics for passengers’ identification.

Website  : www.abc4eu.com / 

www.abc4eu.eu  

» Identification and design of a basic set of features to 

achieve a common user experience. 

» Identification and removal of obstacles which are preventing 
today the certification distribution throughout Europe both 

for ePassport verification (CSCA – DS certificates) and for 

Extended Access Control (TA certificates) to access the 

fingerprint information in 2nd generation ePassports.

» Assess and evaluate the compliances of the proposed 
processes  with  the  legal  requirements  to  protect 

fundamental rights, in particular the protection of personal 

data and with ethical principles.

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Border checksABC4EU

255

Results

» Fingerprint biometric verification integrated in the 
systems as a fundamental part of border control, either 

Harmonisation in the design and operational features 

as a complement to facial biometrics or combined in 

of an ABC System across the EU Border Crossing Points 

reinforced security scenarios

(BCPs) was the project’s main goal, anticipating deploy-

ment of the EU’s “smart borders” package. Market-ready 

solutions developed by the project were evaluated at 

» One-step, two-step integrated and two-step segregated 
topologies were improved regarding travel document 

air, sea and land borders in three different countries. 

management, biometrics and other relevant modules; 

End-to-end testing – fully integrated with the end us-

then deployed and evaluated

ers’ back-end systems – processed travellers (mainly 

third-country nationals) in real border crossing scenarios. 

This allowed the assessment of Entry Exit System and 

» A fully functional mobile solution was developed and 
validated, the integrated with border management 

National Facilitation Programme concepts under actual 

and backend systems

operational conditions.  ABC4EU achieved the following:

PARTNERS 

Indra Sistemas, S.A. (INDRA) 
PricewaterhouseCoopers Auditores, S.L. (PWC) 
Vision-Box, Soluções de Visão por Computador, S.A. (VISIONBOX) 
Laurea-ammattikorkeakoulu Oy. (LAUREA) 
Eticas Research and Consulting, S.L. (ETICAS) 
Centre for Irish and European Security, Ltd. (CIES) 
Dermalog Identification Systems, GMBH. (DERMALOG) 
Cognitec Systems GmbH. (COGNITEC) 
Universidad Rey Juan Carlos. (URJC) 
Università degli Studi di Milano. (UMIL) 
SAFE lD Solutions GmbH. (SAFE ID) 
Ministerio del Interior – Spanish National Police. (MIR-DGP) 
Ministério da Administração Interna - Serviço de Estrangeiros e Fronteiras. (SEF) 
Politsei- ja Piirivalveamet. (EPBGB) 
Ministerul Afacerilor Interne. (GDCIT) 

COUNTRY

Spain
Spain
Portugal
Finland
Spain
Ireland
Germany
Germany
Spain
Italy
Germany
Spain
Portugal
Estonia
Romania

256

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

ACXIS /  Automated Comparison of X-ray Images for cargo Scanning

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

X-ray images will be integrated in the manufacturer 

independent reference data base. 

312998

Total Cost 

€ 4,771,721 

EU Contribution 

€ 3,394,004 

Starting Date 

01/09/2013

Duration 

42 months

The main objectives of the project ACXIS are to develop a 

manufacturer independent reference data base for X-ray 

Work package three is the development of a data base 

images of illegal and legitimate cargo, procedures and 

system to store images of historic detections as well as 

algorithms to uniform X-ray images of different cargo 

mock-up images of illegal and legitimate cargo (recorded 

scanners and measurement parameters, and an automated 

in work package two) in the standard representation of 

identification of potentially illegal cargo. 

cargo images to be developed in work package four. 

In the same work package, methods to streamline the 

Historic images of real detections and images of illegal 

images from different X-ray scanner manufacturers, 

cargo mock-ups as well as images of legitimate cargo 

to reduce background from the containment and to 

EIDGENOESSISCHE 

will  be  integrated  into  the  reference  data  base.  This 

correct artefacts from scattering and imperfect detection 

MATERIALPRUEFUNGS- 

database will automatically analyse the image and will 

systems will be developed to guarantee comparability 

UND FORSCHUNGSANS-

independently inspect uncritical cargo. The new system 

of the images. 

TALT (EMPA)

will be analysed in collaboration with end-users, scientists, 

Center for X-ray Analytics

and security experts in order to define different threats in 

Work package five will develop new concepts for the 

inspection and automated detection of illegal cargo 

based on the newly developed data base of reference 

Ueberlandstrasse 129

cargo screening scenarios.

CH-8600 Duebendorf

Contact

Current training consists in the identification of a small set 

images. In work package six, the results of all other work 

FLISCH ALEXANDER   

of critical cargo elements superimposed on historic images 

packages will be compiled into a working demonstrator 

Tel  : +41 58 765 45 67

of the inspection system. A draw-back of this system is 

that can be employed for on-site presentation of the 

Mobile   : +41 79 109 26 81

the adaption of the inspection officer to the small set of 

newly enabled detection capabilities. State-of-the-art 

Fax  : +41 58 765 11 22

training images that are usually limited due to factors 

computer-based training will be further developed in 

E-mail  :  

like confidentiality of the image data. The set of training 

order to achieve the maximum possible detection by 

alexander.flisch@empa.ch 

images is significantly enhanced if artificial cargo image 

the new cargo inspection system. In work package six, 

Website  : www.empa.ch/x-ray

can be generated with arbitrary positioning of objects in 

the system will be validated and both exploitation and 

www.acxis.eu

the image data base. 

dissemination activities will be coordinated.

The highly innovative system will be implemented using a 

Results

simulator to be used in the field by end users in order to 

ensure optimal results.

Description of the work

The main output of ACXIS was a manufacturer-independent 

reference database with more than 38.000 X-ray images of 

cargo, automated target recognition (ATR) algorithms, a training 

simulator for cargo screening officers, algorithms to transform 

The ACXIS project work programme consists of six work 

X-ray images from one specific cargo inspection system into a 

packages. The first work package comprises the financial, 

standardised format (and vice versa) which took into account 

technical and organisational management of the project. 

the different X-ray geometries and X-ray energies of scanning 

In the second work package, cargo mock-ups will be 

systems).  Finally, the project produced tools to merge X-ray 

built and scanned with different X-ray systems. The 

images of contraband or threat items and legal cargo.

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Border checksACXIS

257

A database containing a large number of X-ray images of 

with a red box. The implementation of the ATRs consists of 

legitimate and illegitimate cargo is essential for automated 

machine learning algorithms. The detection rate gets better 

detection algorithms. To acquire sufficient data of illegitimate 

with the use and the number of reference images. The ATRs 

cargo, we followed various strategies to simulate images 

are fully integrated into the commercial software of the 

containing illicit items. X-ray mockup scans and simulated 

cargo inspection system manufacturer involved in ACXIS.

X-ray projections of contraband for various types of cargo 

were acquired. Smuggling scenarios were simulated by 

The ACXIS training simulator that uses X-ray images of the 

blending these images into real X-ray images of freight 

reference database and the ATRs has been licensed as a 

containers and trucks.

new product to increase the skills of screening officers. A 

validation study has shown that computer-based training 

The ATRs for the automated detection of smuggled cigarettes, 

significantly improves the detection performance for X-ray 

weapons or other irregularities at specific places in the cargo 

screening of cargo.

container or truck use a learning database with reference 

images that compare specific textures, identify irregularities, 

apply difference mapping, etc. The screening officer is guided 

to the suspicious region of interest by indicating the area 

PARTNERS 

Eidgenössische Materialprüfungs- und Forschungsanstalt (EMPA) 
APSS Software & Services AG (CASRA) 
Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA) 
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (EZRT) 
Smiths Heimann S.A.S. (SH) 
Eidgenössische Zollverwaltung (FCA) 
Ministere van Financien Directoraat Generaal Belastingdienst (DTCA) 

COUNTRY

Switzerland
Switzerland
France
Germany
France
Switzerland
The Netherlands

258

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

CONSORTIS /  Concealed Object Stand-Off Real-Time Imaging for 
SecuritySecurity

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

312745

Total Cost 

€ 5,132,839   

EU Contribution 

€ 3,953,449 

Starting Date 

01/01/2014

Duration 

48 months

TEKNOLOGIAN  

Finland

Contact

M. Sipilä     

Tel  : +358 20 722 111

Fax  : +358 20 722 7001

CONSORTIS developed a prototype real-time dual-mode 

For development of its automatic anomaly detection 

submillimetre-wave (SMMW, a.k.a. “THz”) security screen-

(AAD), the project focused on the AAD’s algorithms, 

ing system for use at airports. It aimed for a system 

guided by system requirements, for implementation 

offering high-throughput and improved security screening 

within the field trial. Other activities entailed hardware 

of people and less restrictive than existing systems. It 

manufacturing, sub-systems characterisation and test-

has the following objectives:

ing, and system integration and testing. 

» Non-intrusiveness, safety and accuracy – SMMW systems 

In the field trial the system was tested and validated 

are non-ionizing

TUTKIMUSKESKUS VTT 

» Speed with near-real time video imaging (10 frames/s) 

(VTT)

Knowledge Intensive 

Products and Services

Vuorimiehentie 3

P.O. Box 1000

for “walk-by” security

» SMMW (“THz”) dual-mode operation with passive sensors 
at about 250 and 500 GHz and radar centered at 340 GHz

in a laboratory at VTT against realistic threats. A dem-

onstration at Helsinki Airport was defined and planned.

Protection of the project’s foreground IPR and dissemi-

nation of its results were performed through publica-

tions and conferences and by developing exploitation 

roadmaps to provide a route to market.  

FI-02044 VTT, Espoo, 

» Automated threat recognition capability

The CONSORTIS achieved the following:

» Privacy issues addressed with strong involvement of ethics 

» World’s first 16-channel 340 GHz radar imaging at video 

experts

frame rate based on homodyne radar transceivers

» Pilot/demonstration: tested and validated against realistic 

E-mail  :  

threats in a controlled environment

consortiscoordinator@vtt.fi 

Website  : www.consortis.eu

» World’s first 8000-element passive sub-millimetre wave 
security  scanner  focal  plane  array  based  on  Kinetic 

Inductance Detectors (KIDs)

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Border checksResults

including those to engage potential exploitation customers 

and partners. 

The project’s major impact is its hardware which offers a 

unique capability in Europe to collect security data at SMMW 

The results are sufficiently promising that partners have 

frequencies, though it needs further development before 

agreed to take CONSORTIS’s concept/technologies forward 

ready for the market. It has implications beyond aviation, 

for both aviation and non-aviation security applications. 

however. These sensors could be applied to remote sensing 

or surveillance, for example.   

The project widely disseminated its work via conference 

and workshop papers at international symposia, together 

with briefings for academic and government stakeholders. 

A technical demonstration was held for aviation technical 

experts at VTT in December 2017, for example. In total, 

63 dissemination events were carried during the project, 

PARTNERS 

Teknologian tutkimuskeskus VTT (VTT) 
Asqella Oy (AQA) 
The University Court of the University of St Andrews (USTAN) 
InnovaSec Ltd (ISEC) 
Totalförsvarets forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen (EKUT) 
Wasa Millimetre Wave Ab (WMW) 
Gotmic Ab (GOTMIC) 
Finavia Oyj (FNA) 
Rapiscan Systems Ltd. (RSN) 
Technische Universiteit Delft (TU Delft) 

CONSORTIS

259

COUNTRY

Finland
Finland
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Sweden
Germany
Sweden
Sweden
Finland
United Kingdom
The Netherlands

260

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

DOGGIES /  Detection of Olfactory traces by orthoGonal Gas 
identification technologIES 

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

the DOGGIES sensors:

285446

Total Cost 

€4,940,117.60    

EU Contribution 

€ 3,499,966.00  

Starting Date 

01/06/2012

Duration 

36 months

The key objective of DOGGIES is to develop an integrated 

sensor system for the detection of illegal substances and 

» Miniaturised Mid Infra-Red Photo Acoustic Spectrometer 
(MIRPAS) module for the detection of the target analytes.

hidden persons. This would complement trained dogs cur-

rently used in border checks and custom points by police units.

    The main objective of this task is to build miniaturised 

photo-acoustic spectrometer (PAS) modules for the meas-

The project aims to demonstrate:

urement of human scent. 

1.  an operational movable stand-alone sensor for efficient 

» Ion mobility spectrometry

detection of hidden persons, drugs & explosives;

III V LAB GIE (III-V LAB)

    Additionally a mobile prototype of a non-radioactive ion 

Optronics Devices Research 

2.  the potential adaptation of this solution to the detection 

mobility spectrometer with gas-chromatographic pre-sep-

Group

of a much wider range of illegal substances.

aration (GC-IMS) for the identification and quantification 

1, avenue Augustin Fresnel

of gas-phase trace substances relevant for the overall 

F-91767 Palaiseau Cedex,  

One of the main operational challenges is to provide reli-

objectives of the project is developed. 

FRANCE

Contact

Dr. GERARD Bruno    

able detection in real environments, in particular with the 

presence of “interferents”. 

» Data acquisition and fusion

Tel  : +33 (0)1 69 41 57 91

It is expected that the use of specific pre-concentrators on 

     In parallel the appropriate computational methods and 

Mobile :  

one hand, and the combination of the signal emerging from 

techniques are developed in order to acquire the data 

+33 (0)6 82 76 47 76

advanced software on the other hand will improve the de-

generated from the measuring units in a reliable way, 

Fax  :+33 (0)1 69 41 57 38

tection reliability.

E-mail  : 

bruno.gerard@3-5lab.fr 

Website  : www.3-5lab.fr

Description of the work

to process them and to extract the required information 

using advanced mathematical tools. 

The final phase is the operational testing and validation of 

The initial phase of project starts with the definition of the op-

DOGGIES system. 

erational system requirements and the end-users requirements. 

Local environmental conditions which could affect the ca-

Results

pability of the sensor to detect hidden persons and volatile 

DOGGIES is expected to improve security and safety in Europe 

traces from drugs and explosives are also investigated.

and worldwide, and reduce traffics and illegal immigration; 

taking into account the high financial and psychological 

Our project studies only living persons and we first identify the 

costs that result from an act of terrorism, the deployment 

protocols used by canine border teams to collect and store 

of DOGGIES would substantially benefit to the entire society.

odour samples, and the training process followed by the dogs. 

An expected result of DOGGIES is to produce a final dem-

The next phase of the project is devoted to the develop-

onstrator efficiently assessed in different relevant operating 

ment of independent building blocks for the realization of 

scenarios.

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Border checksDOGGIES

261

For the accomplishment of this demonstrator, the following 

main technical objectives must be achieved:

»  Integrate finally in a single portable instrument MIRPAS, 
GC-IMS, pre-concentrator and gas sampling with data 

acquisition and fusion software.

» Identify the operational specifications and the end-users 

requirements

As a conclusion, after 28 months, the main building blocks 

» Identify the most relevant VOCs related to human, drugs 

required for the development of an operational movable 

and explosives or their precursors

stand-alone sensor detecting efficiently hidden persons, 

» Demonstrate a widely tuneable MIR source, based on 
quantum cascade lasers arrays multiplexed thanks to 

drugs & explosives, are nearly in place. It is expected that 

this instrument will be able to complement, if not replace, 

silicon-based arrayed waveguide gratings

the dogs currently used by the canine units of the police 

» Demonstrate a miniature MIR photo-acoustic spectrometer 

force, in operations in urban or remote areas such as border 

(MIRPAS) module

and custom points.

» Demonstrate a portable Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility 
Spectrometer (GC-IMS) module using a non-radioactive 

ionising source

» Demonstrate selective pre-concentration of the selected 

relevant VOCs

PARTNERS 

III V Lab GIE (III-V LAB) 
Center for Security Studies (KEMEA) 
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (U.o.A.) 
Gasera OY (GASERA) 
Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften – ISAS – e.V. (ISAS) 
G.A.S. Gesellschaft für analytische Sensorsysteme m.b.H. (GAS) 
Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale Per La Scienza E Tecnologia Dei Materiali (INSTM) 
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR-IMM) 
AEA s.r.l. (AEA) 
Institut National De Police Scientifique (INPS) 
Université de Nice - Sophia Antipolis (UNS) 
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA-LETI) 
Thales Hellas Anonymi Etaireia Paragogis Emporias kai Ypiresion Ilektronikou Exoplismou (THA) 

COUNTRY

France
Greece
Greece
Finland
Germany
Germany
Italy
Italy
Italy
France
France
France
Greece

   
262

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

y
k
s
v
a
l
s
t
a
r
B
a

i
l

a
t
a
N
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

EFFISEC /  Efficient integrated security checkpoints

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Results

217991

Total Cost 

€ 16,071,193.27 

EU Contribution 

€ 10,034,837 

Starting Date 

01/05/2009

End Date 

31/01/2014

MORPHO

Le Ponant de Paris

27 Rue Leblanc

F-75015 Paris Cedex 15

France

Contact

EFFISEC  will  provide  border  officers  with  up-to-date 

EFFISEC developed, delivered and demonstrated several 

technologies to

ways of improving the in-depth controls of travellers in 

the land and maritime checkpoints in Europe:

» allow systematic in-depth controls of travellers, lug-
gage and vehicles, for pedestrians and people inside 

vehicles, though the use of automatic gates and port-

» Integrated approach to border security based on the use 
of several technological solutions have been proposed: 

able identity checking and scanning equipment;

identity checks of travellers, explosives and illicit ma-

» provide objective criteria for subjecting some travellers/
vehicles/luggage to an extensive check in specific lanes.

Description of the work

terials detection, vehicle plate, colour and type recogni-

tion, secure communication, hidden objects detection.

» New and unique biometrics-based portable identity 
checks technology for travellers staying in their vehicles 

have been proposed and demonstrated.

» Automatic border check gate has been proposed for 
pedestrians. This gate was combined with the devel-

Krassimir Krastev

Based on a detailed analysis of the operational require-

Tel  : +33 (0) 1 58 11 25 43

ments (including ergonomics, security and legal issues) 

opment of a unique X-ray based luggage scanning 

Fax  : +33 (0) 1 58 11 87 01

for all types of borders EFFISEC will focus on four tech-

technology.

E-mail  : krassimir.krastev@

nical key issues: documents and identity check, detec-

morpho.com

tion of illicit substances, video surveillance and secured 

Website  : www.effisec.eu

communication.

» Innovative technologies for very low quantity trace 
detection  of  illicit  materials  have  been  developed 

and demonstrated in both land and maritime border 

The technology proposed will be demonstrated for pedes-

conditions.

trians, and travellers using cars and buses. Standardisa-

tion aspects will be considered and results disseminated.

» Stolen vehicles plate, colour and type recognition sys-

tem has been proposed.

» Innovative X-ray machine for objects hidden in cars 

has been developed and demonstrated.

» In depth privacy protection studies in relation to the 

above mentioned technologies were proposed.

» The project proposed ideas about future standardisa-

tion work in these areas.

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Border checks 
 
 
 
 
EFFISEC

263

PARTNERS 

Morpho (MPH) 
THALES SECURITY SOLUTIONS & SERVICES SAS (THA) 
THALES ELECTRON DEVICES SA (TED) 
SELEX GALILEO SPA (GA) 
ELSAG DATAMAT S.P.A. (ED) 
SMITHS HEIMANN GMBH (SDH)  
Sociedad Europea de Analisis Diferencial de Movilidad SL (SEA) 
Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus (VTT)  
Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
THE UNIVERSITY OF READING (UoR)  
Ministerul Internelor si Reformei Administrative (RBP)  
Microwave Characterization Center SAS (MC2) 
ADMINISTRAÇÃO DO PORTO DE LISBOA SA (APL) 
THALES PORTUGAL SA (THP)  
SECALLIANCE SECURITES INFORMATIQUES SARL (SEC)  
EUROPEAN COMMISSION - JOINT RESEARCH CENTRE (JRC) 
MULTIX SA (MULTIX) 

COUNTRY

France
France
France
Italy
Italy 
Germany
Spain
Finland
Sweden
United Kingdom
Romania 
France
Portugal
Portugal
France
Belgium
France

264

FASTPASS / A harmonized, modular reference system for all 
European automatic border crossing points

k
c
o
t
s
k
n
h
T
©

i

E
A
C
O
C
©

312583

Total Cost 

€ 15,485,790.40 

EU Contribution 

€11,287,715.05 

Starting Date 

01/01/2013

Duration 

48 months

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

keep security at the highest level while also increasing 

the speed and the comfort for all legitimate travellers 

FastPass will establish and demonstrate a harmonised, 

at all border control points.

modular approach for Automated Border Control (ABC) 

for different border control points (land-, sea- and air-) 

The FastPass ABC process will be designed to address 

across Europe. The project specific objectives are: 

both requirements with equal emphasis. One aspect of 

» a harmonised ABC solution that is able to integrate 
an entry/exit system (EES) and a registered traveller 

is a harmonised user interface. This will allow frequent 

travellers from Europe and third country states to pass 

aiding a speedy border crossing by legitimate travellers 

programme (RTP),

through an ABC with minimum delay, using the full po-

tential of ID documents. Improved traveller identifica-

AIT Austrian Institute of 

Technology GmbH – (AIT)

» a  harmonised  ABC  usability,  based  on  travellers’ 
feedback, which also helps border guards to focus 

tion technologies, such as new biometric modules, will 

increase the security of the ABC process and minimise 

Safety & Security  

on potential risks,

spoofing.

Department

Donau-City-Straße 1

1220 Wien - Austria

Contact

Markus Clabian

Tel  : +43 50550 4294

» an ABC solution supporting an innovative border cross-
ing concept with interfaces to existing security and 

A demonstration and evaluation at all types of bor-

ders (air, land and sea) will be implemented in at least 

infrastructure processes demonstrated at air-, land- 

three different member states. Compliance with Euro-

and sea borders,

pean societal values and citizens’ rights is central to 

the acceptance of the developed technologies, and will 

Mobile  : +43 50550 4294

» a European solution and a new European ABC sup-

accompany the development and end-user interaction 

Fax  : +43 50550 4150

pliers network.

throughout the project.

E-mail  :  

markus.clabian@ait.ac.at

Description of the work

Results

www.ait.ac.at

FastPass brings together key players from the entire ABC 

Security, facilitation and harmonisation are key chal-

value chain - system and component producers, research 

lenges for border control in the European Union. 

institutions, government authorities and end-users. The 

development of a harmonized ABC gate will be accom-

The  FastPass  project  created  and  demonstrated  a 

plished with continuous end-user involvement. The entire 

harmonised, modular approach for automated border 

innovation process, from components development to 

control (ABC) gates. Bringing together the experience of 

the final design of the user interface, will be continuously 

27 partners, FastPass took into account the entire ABC 

evaluated by the two end user groups, travellers and 

value chain and proposed a solution to meet the specific 

border guards. Border control is a major challenge for 

needs of air, land and sea borders, as well as the needs 

security and mobility within the EU. Travellers request a 

of a large variety of stakeholders.

minimum delay and a speedy border crossing, while bor-

der guards must fulfil their obligation to secure the EU’s 

FastPass’s architecture was developed in a user-centric 

borders against illegal immigration and other threats. 

way. For border guards, a new user interface was de-

Fastpass will serve both demands at the same time: to 

veloped to enable intuitive use and a well-structured 

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Border checks 
 
FASTPASS

265

overview of operations. For the public, the system helps 

reduce stress linked to travel by fostering a faster scan-

» A methodology for comprehensive risk and security 
assessment, leading to a list of threats categorised 

ning of persons (in the range of 500 per hour) through 

by type, impact, exploitability and mitigation strategy 

a simple interaction. 

The projects main achievements were:

ropean borders (Vienna Airport, Piraeus Port and the 

FastPass demonstrated several ABC trials at three Eu-

Moravita land border crossing point). More than 10.000 

travellers and approximately 200 border guards used 

the system to find and fix flaws.

» Development of next-generation sensor and algorithm 
for on-the-move biometric identification with higher 

speed, lower costs, improved image quality, reduced 

intrusiveness and counter spoofing 

» Innovative scenarios with harmonised architecture and 
optimised processes for air borders, cruise ships, and 

cars at land borders 

PARTNERS 

AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH  (AIT) 
Teknologian tutkimuskeskus VTT (VTT) 
Bundesministerium für Inneres  (BMI) 
Österreichische Staatsdruckerei GmbH (OeSD) 
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Angewandten Forschung E.V (FhG) 
Katholieke Univeristeit Leuvent  (KU Leuven) 
Rajavartiolaitos (RAJA) 
secunet Security Networks AG (secunet) 
Mirasys Ltd (Mirasys) 
Regula Baltija SIA (Regula) 
The University of Reading (UREADSSE) 
International Centre for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD) 
Tampereen Yliopisto  (UTA) 
Gunnebo Entrance Control Ltd (Gunnebo) 
Giesecke & Devrient GmbH (G&D) 
Modi Modular Digits GmbH (Modi) 
Magnetic Autocontrol GmbH (Magnetic) 
JRC -Joint Research Center - European Commission  (JRC) 
ITTI Sp.zo.o.(ITTI) 
Deltabit Oy (deltabit) 
The Chancellor, masters and scholars of the University of Oxford (UOXF) 
Ministerstwo Spraw Wewnetrznych (PBG) 
Finavia Oyj  (Finavia) 
Dimotiko Limeniko Tameio Mykonou (PoM) 
Fraport AG Frankfurt Airport Services Worldwide (Fraport) 
Flughafen Wien AG (VIE) 
Intrepid Minds Ltd (IRM) 

COUNTRY

Austria
Finland
Austria
Austria
Germany
Belgium
Finland
Germany
Finland
Latvia
United Kingdom
Austria
Finland
United Kingdom
Germany
Germany
Germany
Belgium
Poland
Finland
United Kingdom
Poland
Finland
Greece
Germany
Austria
United Kingdom

266

k
c
o
t
S

i

-

k
c
o
c
a
e
j
t
t
a
m
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

FIDELITY /  Fast and Trustworthy Identity Delivery and Check with 
ePassports leveraging Traveller Privacy

Grant Agreement N° 

Project objectives

requirements that will guide the development and as-

sessment of FIDELITY solutions. It will prepare recom-

284862

Total Cost  

€ 18,197,463.60 

EU Contribution  

€ 12,013,194 

Starting Date  

01/02/2012

Duration 

48 Months

IDEMIA IDENTITY & 

SECURITY FRANCE 

Significant efforts have been invested to strengthen border 

mendations for stakeholders on how to address short-

ID checks with biometrics Travel Documents embedding 

comings in ePassports, which will be updated with the 

electronic chips (ePassport). However, problems appeared 

outcome of FIDELITY results assessment.

regarding fraud in the ePassport issuing process, including 

personal data leaks, difficulties in certificate management, 

SP3 handles all research and development work related 

and shortcomings in convenience, speed and efficiency of ID 

to safer travel document issuance. It will provide as the 

checks, including the access to various remote data bases.

main outcome recommendations and technical solutions 

FIDELITY  is  a  multi-disciplinary  initiative  which  will 

claimant, and trust in protection of private data. 

analyze shortcomings and vulnerabilities in the whole 

ePassport life cycle and develop technical solutions and 

SP4 focuses on the chain of trust for ePassports. Fast, 

enabling trust in a claimed identity, trust in the identity 

DTS – Technical and Strate-

recommendations to overcome them. The project will 

protected and reliable security schemes for “trustable” 

gic Department

demonstrate privacy enhanced solutions to secure issu-

verification is the main objective. SP4 includes innova-

11 Boulevard Gallieni

ing processes, improved ePassport security and usability, 

tive architectures, different protocol configurations, and 

92130 – Issy les Moulineaux  

and improved management for lost or stolen passports.

the security of ID check devices, which process personal 

France

Contact

FIDELITY will provide more reliable ID checks, hence 

current certificate chain.

data. SP4 will also provide innovative alternatives to the 

Sébastien Brangoulo

hinder criminal movements, and ease implementation 

Tel  : +33(0) 1 58 11 87 29

of E/E records.

Mobile  : +33 (0) 6 31 50 47 51

SP5 develops a one-stop check concept. This concept 

will cover biographic and biometric data, packaged for 

Fax  : + 33 (0) 1 58 11 87 01

FIDELITY solutions will be designed for backwards com-

protected and non traceable queries in multiple data-

E-mail  : sebastien.brangoulo@

patibility to be deployed progressively in the existing 

bases. ID inspection terminals will be developed based 

idemia.com 

infrastructure. The consortium is composed of market-

on privacy-by-design principles, to implement this secure 

Website  : http://www.fidelity-

leading companies, innovative SMEs, renowned academia, 

and reliable one-stop ID check concept.

project.eu/ 

ethical-sociological-legal experts, and end-users.

Description of the work

SP6 “Travel document of the future” studies advanced 

ePassport improvements that would be possible only 

under the condition of revising the current Logical Data 

SP1 contains all transversal activities, lasting the entire 

Structure (LDS), access protocols to the ePassport, and 

project duration. It includes consortium management, 

chip requirements for ePassports and readers.

study of ethical, legal and societal aspects and dis-

semination actions targeting stakeholders, exploitation 

SP7 “Assessment” covers the development of demon-

planning, external cooperation, and training. 

strators of FIDELITY solutions and their assessment. It 

will develop a set of demonstrators corresponding to 

SP2 is the technical start point of FIDELITY. It focuses 

the typical ePassport use cases and will assess, on the 

on security and usability of ePassports and issuance 

one hand, the components developed in SP3-SP5, and 

processes. SP2 will analyse shortcomings and specify 

on the other hand, the integrated demonstrator.

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Border checks 
 
 
FIDELITY

267

Results

» Demonstrate how FIDELITY solutions could be inte-
grated into the existing ePassport infrastructure and 

FIDELITY (Fast and trustworthy Identity Delivery and 

how they enforce privacy

check with ePassports leveraging Traveler privacy) de-

veloped and demonstrated solutions for faster, more 

secure and more efficient real-time authentication of 

» Validate robust technical solutions and provide recom-
mendations for securing breeder documents and travel 

individuals at border crossings, whilst protecting traveler 

documents-issuing processes to prevent identity theft 

privacy with a privacy-by-design approach. It also pro-

and fraud on ePassport applications

posed solutions to dramatically improve the issuance 

of breeder documents.

» Assess  the  achievements  of  the  FIDELITY  project 
through a set of demonstrators representing the typical 

This research consortium included ePassport manufac-

ePassport use cases, with the direct involvement of 

turers and other companies, scientists in the security 

end-users (government agencies responsible for travel 

domain from public research institutes and universities, 

documents issuing and checking)

experts on legal, ethical, societal aspects and public 

administrations responsible for ePassports and border 

identification checks.

FIDELITY’s technical objectives were to:

» Develop technical solutions based on existing technolo-
gies, and develop new ones to address security and 

» Elaborate recommendations to improve the ePassport, 
taking into account existing standards, the legal, ethical 

and societal requirements and European privacy culture 

» Prepare technical proposals for their introduction into 
the standardisation process at the ISO and ICAO level

privacy gaps for a more efficient and secure authen-

FIDELITY’s solution are also relevant for other electronic 

tication of individuals

travel documents such as electronic resident permits 

that use the same, or closely related, technologies and 

» Study potential vulnerabilities and limitations of the 

standards.

current ePassport

» Review related ethical, legal and societal aspects to 
ensure that the proposed technical solutions are vi-

With FIDELITY, citizens will not reveal more personal data 

than necessary, while operators get accurate feedback. 

Depending on the latter, a more extended security inves-

able and whether new regulations and laws would be 

tigation may then be decided by the operator.

required for their adoption and deployment

» Study future ePassport architecture based on a privacy-
by-design approach to overcome security and privacy 

weaknesses and operational limitations 

PARTNERS 

Morpho (MPH) 
Gjøvik University College (GUC) 
Bundeskriminalamt (BKA) 
Ministère de l’Intérieur, de l’Outre-Mer et des Collectivités Territoriales (FMI) 
Hochschule Darmstadt (HDA) 
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer-IGD) 
Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna (UBO) 
Thales Communications & Security (TCS) 
Selex Elsag S.p.A. (SEG) 
Central Directorate for Immigration and Border Police (INT) 
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven – COSIC (KUL) 
Bundesdruckerei GmbH (BDR) 
Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Biometrika (BIO) 
KXEN (KXN) 
Institute of Baltic Studies (IBS) 
Centre for Applied Ethics – Linköping University (LiU) 
ARTTIC (ART) 

COUNTRY

France
Norway
Germany
France
Germany
Germany
Italy
France
Italy
Italy
Belgium
Germany
Sweden
Italy
France
Estonia
Sweden
France

268

l

d
o
h
d
n
a
H
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

HANDHOLD /  HANDHold - HANDHeld OLfactory Detector

Grant Agreement N° 

Project objectives

Description of the work

To minimise the amount of equipment required for customs 

HANDHOLD combined basic science with applied science 

and law enforcement to detect CBRNE material, the project 

to deliver a prototype system which has been demon-

aims to develop a low cost reconfigurable platform. Dif-

strated at end user premises.

ferent combinations of sensors can be used operating on 

battery power alone for stand-off detection for up to eight 

New advances in three areas of spectroscopy were in-

hours at a time. The platform mimics and improves the 

corporated into new sensors for explosives, drugs and 

operational characteristics of sniffer dogs used to detect 

tobacco, and novel bio-sensor detection of toxins such 

drugs and explosives. 

as saxitoxin, a compound that occurs naturally in shell-

fish and is also a chemical warfare agent. State of the 

art silicon photo multiplier (SPM) technology was also 

incorporated into the design.

These  sensors  connect  to  the  HANDHOLD  platform 

which was engineered to be reconfigurable, including 

its high performance software. This led to the creation 

of a new application layer communications protocol 

between HANDHOLD units and a wide-area monitoring 

and management system.

284456

Total Cost  

€ 4,580,959.97

EU Contribution  

€ 3,495,805.59 

Starting Date  

01/04/2012

Duration 

48 months

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

THE QUEEN’S UNIVER-

SITY OF BELFAST  (QUB) 

Institute of Electronics, 

Communications and Infor-

mation Technology (ECIT)

Queen’s Road, Queen’s 

Island

BT3 9DT, Belfast, 

United Kingdom

Contact

CHARLES J GILLAN

Tel  : +44 2909 971847 

Mobile  : +44 7741 082895

Fax  : +44 2890 971702

E-mail  : c.gillan@qub.ac.uk

www.handhold.eu

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Border checks 
HANDHOLD

269

Results

and trucks. It is also suitable for baggage inspection 

at airports. 

The project included development of sensors for chemi-

cal and explosives, biohazard detection and RN detec-

The prototype has demonstrated that it can alleviate 

tion. The end user interface was developed with direct 

operational pressure on the use of dogs, allowing this 

input from customs and law enforcement. A multiple 

vital resource to be more carefully targeted.

unit deployed with data network communications and 

management tools gives Handhold a strategic advantage 

in tackling border security and enhancing public safety.

The HANDHOLD prototype can be used for a range of 

operations regarding civil law enforcement, border se-

curity and customs controls. For example, the prototype 

has been demonstrated at postal inspection offices and 

seaport environments to examine maritime containers 

PARTNERS 

The Queen’s University of Belfast  (QUB) 
CapnaDSP LTD   (CAPNA) 
The Office of the Revenue Commissioners   (ORC) 
Scorpion  Networks LTD (SBN) 
Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie (KIT) 
DEFENDEC OU (DEFD) 
INOV, INESC INOVACAO, INSTITUTO DE NOVAS TECNOLOGIAS (INOV) 
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE CORK, NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND, CORK  (Tyndall-UCC) 
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND, GALWAY (NUIG) 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Ireland
Ireland
Germany
Estonia
Portugal
Ireland
Ireland

270

k
c
o
t
S

i

-

k
c
o
c
a
e
j
t
t
a
m
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

INGRESS /  Innovative Technology for Fingerprint Live Scanners

Grant Agreement N° 

Project objectives

Description of the work

312792

Total Cost  

€ 4,252,658 

EU Contribution  

€ 3,233,782

Starting Date  

01/11/2013

Duration 

36 Months

For over ten years, the use of fingerprints has been a key 

INGRESS is developing innovative technologies for fin-

technology to help address both identification and security 

gerprint live scanners that support the examination of 

issues around the world. Unfortunately, the overall success 

additional biometrics associated with the finger in or-

of fingerprints for identification and verification purposes 

der to address the issue of  sub par fingerprint images 

greatly depends on the quality of the fingerprints initially 

obtained from fingers with superficial skin disorders.

enrolled and acquired.

INGRESS aims to research, develop and validate innovative 

sible to take fingerprint information  under the skin. 

technologies to take fingerprint images. It will pave the way 

The patterns that will be revealed thanks to these new 

The OCT and ultrasound technologies will make it pos-

MORPHO (MPH) 

to the manufacture of novel fingerprint scanners capable 

techniques will come from the dermis “matrix”. This sub-

Direction of Products and 

of properly sensing fingerprints of intrinsic very-low quality 

layer is responsible for the formation of the outer layer. 

Innovation - DPI

and/or featuring superficial skin disorders.

Some biometric elements lying in this deeper layer will 

11 boulevard Gallieni

then become visible and will enrich traditional fingerprint 

92130 Issy Les Moulineaux

The project focuses on capturing a sub-surface fingerprint 

images, allowing for the creation of a high-quality image. 

France

Contact

and delivering a high-quality image through medical im-

The project also focuses on high definition fingerprint 

aging techniques, such as ultrasound, and Full Field Opti-

imaging by improving upon some promising new tech-

Stéphane Revelin  

cal Coherence Tomography. Printed Organic Electronics 

nologies, such as Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) 

Tel  : +33 (0) 1 58 11 32 15

technologies (such as OLED) will also be studied in order 

and Organic Photo Diodes (OPDs).

Mobile  : +33 (0) 6 75 89 51 09

to create a new generation of high resolution and mobile 

Fax  : + 33 (0) 1 58 11 87 01

fingerprint sensors.

E-mail  : stephane.revelin@

Having gathered stakeholders’ requirements, the pro-

ject will develop several mock-ups (OCT, ultrasound 

morpho.com

Therefore, the new scanners will be  immune to voluntary 

and OLED) at different levels of maturity, in a privacy-

Website  : www.morpho.com

or involuntary finger alteration, enabling equal access to 

by-design approach, which will be evaluated through 

the biometric technology for all citizens.

technology readiness levels. A technological roadmap 

INGRESS will  evaluate the currently developed technologies 

the product stage will also be defined. 

and propose a technology development roadmap for the 

purpose of using fingerprints from identity documents in 

The evaluation will be done via different steps: a labora-

border control and law enforcement applications.

tory test will verify their performance, and cross com-

and a cost study allowing for these mock-ups to reach 

patibility with legacy data and traditional sensors, their 

ergonomics and the feasibility of a large scale test; 

then a test on the field with a large set of users will be 

implemented to validate the relevance of such technolo-

gies and prove their feasibility in the context of border 

control and law enforcement.

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Border checks 
 
 
INGRESS

271

Results

INGRESS’ innovative technologies will look and acquire 

The  current  very  low  quality  fingerprint  images  of 

additional  biometrics  linked  to  the  finger  that  will 

damaged  fingers  will  be  overcome  by  the  use  of  

complement existing techniques. The solutions proposed 

sub-surfacing techniques,  which will be the main asset 

in the project offer major improvements to  biometrics 

for image quality improvement. This complementarity 

acquisition. They mainly address the issue of superficial 

will deliver high-quality fingerprint images that are still 

skin disorders by developing hardware and software 

compliant with programs and applications currently 

solutions, while also supporting anti-spoofing detection. 

using digital fingerprints as a mean of authentication 

The developed technology will greatly enhance image 

or identification (e.g. EU-Passport, EURODAC, VIS, Entry/

quality and preserve privacy. 

Exit, Registered Traveller Program or other European and 

national applications).

PARTNERS 

Morpho (MPH) 
Przedsiebiorstwo Badawczo-Produkcyjne Optel Sp Zoo (OPT) 
Alma Mater Studiorum-Università di Bologna (UBO) 
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 
Université de Lausanne (UNIL) 
Hogskolen I Gjovik (GUC) 
CSEM Centre Suisse d’Electronique et de Microtechnique
SA - Recherche et développement (CSEM) 
Turkiye Bilimsel Ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUB) 
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen (RUG) 
Ministère de l’Intérieur (ST(SI)²) 

COUNTRY

France
Poland
Italy
France
Switzerland
Norway

Switzerland
Turkey
The Netherlands
France

272

MobilePass /  A secure, modular and distributed mobile border 
control solution for European land border crossing points.

Grant Agreement N° 

Project objectives

Description of the work

608016

Total Cost  

4,146,931.49

MobilePass developed technological advanced mobile 

MobilePass focused on research and development for 

equipment for border control authorities. Its work cov-

technologically advanced mobile equipment at land bor-

EU Contribution  

ered:

der crossing points. Its aim was to provide new tech-

nologies for practical mobile devices that enable border 

3,141,321.50

Starting Date  

01/05/2014

Duration 

30 months

End Date 

31/10/2016

» Contactless multiple fingerprint verification

control authorities to check European, visa-holding and 

frequent third-country travellers in a comfortable, fast 

» Cooperative and fast face-capturing and verification

and secure way.

» Full-page e-Passport scanning

Mobile Pass accomplished a reliable and convenient 

way to capture biometric and passport data with se-

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

» Communication reliability, security and speed

cure wireless data transfer. The biometric data derived 

AUSTRIAN INSTITUTE 

OF TECHNOLOGY GMBH 

» Respect for legal, ethical and social factors

(AIT) 

from contactless fingerprint capture and facial-image 

capture. The equipment was mobile to accommodate 

border control work.

Digital Safety & Security 

The project carried out research and prototype develop-

Departement

ment of electronics and algorithms embedded in a trust-

Evaluation and demonstration of the system was done in 

Donau-City-Strasse 1

ed platform module, with secure boot mechanisms and 

two member states. Compliance with European societal 

1220 VIENNA 

remote attestation capabilities.

values and citizens’ rights was central to acceptance of 

AUSTRIA

Contact

D.I. Bernhard Strobl

Mobile  : +43 664 815 78 42

Fax  : +43 50550 4190

E-mail  : bernhard.strobl@

ait.ac.at

Website  : www.mobile-

pass-project.eu

MobilePass’s technologies.

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Border checksInformationMobilePass

273

Results

» Faster processing for passengers within vehicles and 

land borders

» Enhancement of security and efficiency for land bor-
der crossing-points via the application of biometric 

technology for identity checks

» More efficient management of increasing passenger 

flows

PARTNERS 

Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH (AIT) 
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der angewandten Forschung E.V. Institut  
für Optronik, Systemtechnik und Bildauswertung (FhG) 
Universiteit Maasricht (UM-MERIT) 
Regula Baltija Ltd. (REGULA) 
Videmo Intelligente Videoanalyse GmbH & Co. KG (VIDEMO) 
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Department Tecnologia Electronica (UC3M) 
ITTI Sp. Zoo (ITTI) 
Veridos GmbH (VERIDOS) 
INDRA Sistemas S.A (INDRA) 
Inspectoratul General al Politiei de Frontiera (RBG) 
Spanish National Police Corps, Ministry of Interior - Police General Directorate (MIR-DGP) 

COUNTRY

Austria
Germany

Netherlands
Latvia
Germany
Spain
Poland
Germany
Spain
Romania
Spain

274

.

m
o
c
o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

-

i

a
k
s
w
e
n
s
i
W
a
k
i
n
o
M
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SNIFFER /  A bio-mimicry enabled artificial sniffer

Grant Agreement N° 

Project objectives

Description of the work

285203

Total Cost  

€ 4,837,982.97

EU Contribution  

€ 3,493,820.72

Starting Date  

01/02/2012

End Date 

31/05/2015

The SNIFFER project has developed a highly innovative 

The SNIFFER project was driven by concrete use cases 

one-stop shop approach to complement sniffer dogs and 

corresponding to major border security applications of 

leverage their capabilities. This approach is based on state-

artificial sniffing. To make sure it was efficiently managed, 

of-the-art technologies centered on a new generation 

the consortium worked with common global milestones, 

of olfactory biosensors. The SNIFFER devices developed 

which structured the project in a set of V1 solutions (at 

integrate sampling, pre-concentration, and pre-treatment 

midterm) and V2 solutions (at the end of the project). 

with bio-mimicry, synthetic diamond sensor technology, 

and multi-parametric training software. This enables the 

A first work package defined the usage cases and cor-

detection of odours arising out of security threats which 

responding metrics, validated them at midterm and at 

COMMISSARIAT  

may occur in a range of border security applications, such 

the end of the project and covered the societal and 

A L’ENERGIE ATOMIQUE  

as the detection of a broad range of illegal substances car-

ethical implications of introducing SNIFFER technology 

ET AUX ENERGIES  

ALTERNATIVES  

Diamond Sensors Laboratory

Centre d’Etudes de Saclay

91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, 

France

Contact

Emmanuel Scorsone

Tel  : +33 1 6908 6934

Fax  : +33 1 6908 7819

E-mail  :  

emmanuel.scorsone@cea.fr 

ried by people and in suitcases (open or on a luggage belt).

in the respective usage contexts. A second work pack-

age dealt with the integration and testing of different 

sub-systems, namely the sampling, pre-concentration, 

and pre-treatment of target modules developed in a 

third work package, as well as the multisensory array 

developed in a fourth work package. Multi-parametric 

training software was also adapted to cover the broad 

range of different odours targeted by the project. A whole 

work package was also dedicated to odorant proteins 

engineering which is one of the core technologies of the 

SNIFFER project along with the innovative diamond based 

transducers. Finally, another work package investigated 

different aspects of self-diagnostics for artificial sniffers. 

SNIFFER was a two-step incremental project. A first ver-

sion of the SNIFFER devices was developed to answer 

the needs expressed by the users at the beginning of 

the project (month 1 to 23). A second version was then 

consolidated taking into account the feedback given by 

the users on V1 (month 24 to 40).

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Border checks 
 
 
 
SNIFFER

275

Results

SNIFFER delivered highly sensitive and innovative detec-

Proteins, tailored to bind specific families of narcotics / 

tion solutions for narcotics and explosives, with special 

explosives molecules. New synthetic diamond sensors, 

focus on use cases such as body-scanning of people, 

immobilising the proteins. Multi-parametric training 

scanning open luggage, interiors of cars, and closed 

methods, applied to arrays of LBP-enriched diamond 

luggage on running belts. Resulting biosensors have 

sensors output data, to match macro-patterns against 

sensitivities in the ppb range for gas phase measure-

a database, built by exposing the sensor array to large 

ments and for some compounds in solid phase detection 

sample sets. Prototypes were assessed in close to real 

to tens of nanograms.

life conditions at Athens Airport. The EU border security 

community has been confirmed the market potential of 

SNIFFER improved a range of technologies and building 

future SNIFFER products.

blocks for future solutions: new sampling, to sniff gas 

molecules and also particles using electrostatic precipita-

tion (ESP). Improved gas-phase micro-preconcentration, 

based on porous silicon micro-channels. Ligand Binding  

PARTNERS 

Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA-LIST/LCD) 
The University of Manchester (UNIMAN) 
Ministère de l’Intérieur - Service des Technologies et des Systèmes d’Information  
de la Sécurité Intérieure (ST(SI)²) 
Association pour la Recherche et le Développement des Méthodes et Processus industriels (ARMINES) 
EADS Deutschland GmbH – Innovation Works (EADS) 
Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 
Centre for Science, Society and Citizenship (CSSC) 
The University of Padua (UNIPD) 
Chambre de Commerce et d’Industrie de Paris (ESIEE) 
GTP Technology (GTP) 
TraceTech Security (TTS) 
3D General Aviation Applications SA (3DSA) 
Israel National Police (INP) 
ARTTIC Belgium (ART) 

COUNTRY

France
United Kingdom

France
France
Germany
Switzerland
Italy
Italy
France
France
Israel
Greece
Israel
France

 
 
276

L
I
A
T
G
A
W
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SNIFFLES / Artificial sniffer using ion trap technology

Grant Agreement N° 

Project objectives

285045

Total Cost  

€ 5,226,007.41

EU Contribution  

€ 3,493,625

Starting Date  

01/01/2012

End Date 

31/07/2015

TWI LTD

Commercial Group

Granta Park

The goal of the SNIFFLES project was to develop a Lin-

ear Ion Trap Mass Spectroscopy (LIT MS) based device 

» Phase 2 was the technical development of each of the 
sub-systems that were implemented into the artificial 

that has a mass range larger than other comparable MS 

sniffer. Ion trap development ensured a device with high 

techniques. Additionally, methods for miniaturisation and 

sensitivity whilst using novel manufacturing techniques 

modularisation were applied to allow reduced vacuum 

to create a device with a small footprint and small cost. 

demand and upgradeability. Miniaturisation was made 

possible through improved designs based on results from 

The electronic control unit development ensured that 

modelling, implementation of novel manufacturing tech-

the ion trap functions to its highest specification and 

niques and improvements in the MS drive electronics and 

the measurements taken are accurate and reliable.

vacuum system. 

The objectives of the SNIFFLES system were to be able 

to enable the high performance of the system whilst 

The vacuum sub system was technologically advanced 

Great Abington. CB21 6AL. 

to detect weapons, drugs and hidden persons at border 

ensuring that the whole system could be contained 

Cambridge.  

United Kingdom.

Contact

crossings; identifying in parallel the elemental, molecular 

within the smallest footprint possible. 

or biological composition all at a high speed of detection.

The operating conditions of the linear ion trap was 

Debbie McConnell

To ensure the suitability for real world applications the 

adjusted to confirm that each stage of the mass spec-

Tel  : +44 (0)1223 899000

system had a stand-off capability whilst being a comple-

trometer was operating at its highest performance 

Fax  : +44 (0)1223 890952

mentary technique to that of sniffer dogs.

with the best sensitivity and resolution. The sample 

E-mail  :  

debbie.mcconnell@twi.co.uk

Website  : www.twi.co.uk

Description of the work

The areas of work that were undertaken within the project 

were carried out in 3 phases :

» Phase  1  concentrated  on  project  road  mapping 
that provided a holistic overview of the gas sensor 

inlet operation was designed, enabling the correct 

operation of the device whilst sampling the multiple 

substances required.

The end stage of phase 2 was the system integra-

tion to ensure that each sub system was working in 

synchronicity with its partners;

device development, within the context of creating 

a robust and reliable artificial sniffer. This specified 

» Phase 3 was where the device underwent its testing 
and validation program so that the SNIFFLES device 

the  device  performance  and  enabled  all  of  the 

was optimised for border control points. The testing 

individual  technical  sub-system  activities  to  be 

integrated a number of development stages including 

undertaken. After this initial output, it continued to 

feedback from live field testing trials.

run, focussing on forming a structured approach to 

define the operational procedures of the final device; 

Results

SNIFFLES produced several technical achievements and 

outcomes. A linear ion trap (LIT) mass analyder was 

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Border checks 
 
SNIFFLES

277

designed, manufactured, and validated in a laboratory 

vibration compared to turbo molecular pumps. Software 

environment for the identification of hidden people, drug 

development supported LIT design work through simula-

stimulants (Methyl benzoate, Acetic acid) and explosive 

tion and overall system operation, including control of 

stimulants (2-nitrotoluene, Cyclohexanone).  The ana-

the instrument via a Wi-Fi enabled tablet. Two patent 

lyser’s electrodes and housing were manufactured by 3-D 

applications were submitted on a glow discharge ion 

printing to reduce its weight (85%) and cost (70%) and 

source and non-evaporable getter alloys suitable for 

a novel voltage control method (ramped pulse method) 

hydrogen and carbon monoxide sorption. There has also 

was developed to improve LIT resolution (from 4 Da 

been the development of a handheld DAPCI ion source 

mass peak width to 1 Da with a 500Da mass range). 

for atmospheric sampling into portable and other MS 

This allowed for a simplified design and lower cost ECU. 

systems. As part of the exploitation plan, a continua-

The LIT, ECU and battery were integrated into a mobile 

instrument began in October 2015. This project will focus 

carry case (400x300x170mm–16Kg) together  with a 

on reducing system weight and volume, improving reli-

vacuum system containing a high performance-to-size 

ability and taking the device to TRL7; therefore closer 

tion project (ChemSniff) funded under the H2020 SME 

ratio Non Evaporable Getter pump which proved more 

to commercialisation. 

robust, operated at low power (5W), and was free of 

PARTNERS 

TWI Ltd (TWI) 
The University of Liverpool (UOL) 
Université Aix-Marseille 1 Provence (UdP) 
DSM R&D Solutions BV (DSM) 
Q Technologies Ltd (Qtec) 
SAES Getters S.p.A (SAES) 
Envisiontec GMBH (ENV) 
Xaarjet AB (XAAR) 
Wagtail UK Ltd (WAG) 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
United Kingdom
France
The Netherlands
United Kingdom
Italy
Germany
Sweden
United Kingdom

278

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SNOOPY / Sniffer for concealed people discovery

Grant Agreement N° 

Project objectives

Description of the work

313110

Total Cost  

€2,605,284.96

EU Contribution  

€ 1,835,891.00

Starting Date  

01/01/2014

Duration 

36 months

The SNOOPY project aims to:

The SNOOPY consortium will address the project ob-

» develop an artificial instrument (the SNOOPY sniffer) 
that identifies the presence of hidden people through 

the identification  of gaseous compounds peculiar of the 

jetcives through:

» Development of a pre-concentration unit;

presence of human beings, arising from, for example, 

» Development of gas sensors based on different sening 

sweat odour;

and transduction mechanisms;

UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STU-

sniffer performances;

» defining a metric to calibrate and assess the SNOOPY 

» development of a pattern recognition software aimed 
to identify the presence of hidden people in containers 

based on the sensor array response;

» develop a protocol to integrate the use of already used 
tools, such as trained dogs and/or ion mobility spec-

» Creation of  a compact prototype based on above tech-

tromity (IMS).

nologies;

DI DI BRESCIA (UNIBS)

Dipartimento Ingegneria 

dell’Informazione

Via Branze, 38

25133 - Brescia - Italy

Contact

In this regard the SNOOPY sniffer will improve the ca-

Giorgio Sberveglieri  

pability of border authorities with respect to illicit traffic 

» Benchmarking  of  the  SNOOPY  sniffer  with  already 
adopted approaches, namely IMS and trained dogs.

Tel  : +390303715771

of people.

Fax  : +390302091271

E-mail  :  

giorgio.sberveglieri@unibs.it

Website  : www.unibs.it

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Border checksResults

» Equipped with a small pipe to collect odours in proximity 
of small apertures, which are present, for example, at 

The main expected result from the SNOOPY project is a 

lorry/container doors, even if locked, and from which 

snifter prototype with the following features:

inner odours can be smelled;

» portable, thanks to the use of low-weight, small size 

and low-power consumption technologies;

» User-friendly: the SNOOPY sniffer will provide a three-
fold output: hidden person present - no hidden person 

– doubt (in case of doubt the vehicle/cargo will be 

» suited to work in a 24/7 way;

subject to a more accurate analysis)

» able to recognize – once trained and calibrated – the 
sniffed atmospheres on its own, providing the infor-

mation directly to the user through a display or a set 

of LEDs, without the need of data transmission and 

elaboration to remote stations;

PARTNERS 

Università degli Studi di Brescia (UNIBS)  
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) 
Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata (UTOV) 
EADS Deutschland GMBH (EADS) 
C-TECH Innovation Limited (CTECH) 
Center for Security Studies (KEMEA) 

SNOOPY

279

COUNTRY

Italy
Italy
Italy
Germany
United Kingdom
Greece

280

’

s
v
o
t
o
P

i

e
s
k
e
A
©

l

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

TERASCREEN / Multi-frequency multi-mode Terahertz screening 
for border checks

Grant Agreement N° 

Project objectives

» Development of a InP DBHT process

312496

Total Cost  

€ 4,825,919.32

EU Contribution  

€ 3,489,932

Starting Date  

01/05/2013

Duration 

54 months

The overall objective of the project was to develop and dem-

» 140 GHz LNA including calibration and test circuits

onstrate a safe, privacy-respecting, high throughput security 

screening system in a live border control environment which 

» 360 GHz LNA including calibration and test circuits

automatically detects and classifies potential threat objects 

concealed on a person. 

» 360 GHz passive subsystem antenna array

Description of the work

» 360 GHz manifold and polarisation twist

Two real-time stand-off imaging subsystems were to be 

» 360 GHz MIMO antenna for the active subsystem

ICTS (UK) LTD. (ICTS)

developed: a multi-frequency (360GHz and 94GHz) Passive 

1st floor, South Block

subsystem and a 180GHz Active subsystem.

» 180 GHz MIMO antenna for the active subsystem

Entrance D

Tavistock House

Tavistock Square

Innovative components, necessary for the subsystems, were 

» Frequency multiplier diodes

to be developed, with commercial off-the-shelf components 

WC1H9LG, London, United 

to be used, and components common to both subsystems 

» 360GHz Schottky diode subharmonic mixer

Kingdom

Contact

shared.

» 90/180 GHz frequency doubler

Naomi Alexander

The resulting passive and active subsystems were integrated. 

Tel  : +44 (0)207 8747576

Sensor data fusion and image processing were carried out, 

» 30/90 GHz frequency tripler

E-mail  :  

along with the user interface. This software was into the 

terascreen@ictseurope.com; 

TeraSCREEN Prototype System.

» Integrated 10 GHz DDS for signal generation

naomi.alexander@ictseurope.

com 

Website  : 

Testing of the integrated system was carried out by the 

» W-Band high power amplifier development

“Industrial End-User’s VeriSys” service. ICTS’s operational 

www.fp7-terascreen.eu

knowledge was used as input for staff training procedures for 

» W-Band medium power amplifier development

the pilot test at Bristol International Airport with passengers 

being screened on an opt-in basis.    

» High power W-band frequency multiplier

The ethical requirements and implications for the operation 

» Low-cost back end electronics for passive subsystem

of the TeraSCREEN prototype system at border checkpoints 

were managed throughout the project.

» 360 GHz passive subsystem

Results

The main project results were:

» Development of a 40 nm GaAs mHEMT process

» Optical  modelling  and  redesign  of  existing  passive 

imager

» 180 GHz active subsystem

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Border checks 
 
TeraSCREEN

281

» Combination of mechanical movement and MIMO Im-

beyond security such as wireless telecommunication and 

aging

space applications.

» Broadband imaging at millimetre wave frequencies

The project’s end result was testing at subsystem level. 

» Millimetre and submillimetre wave component testbeds

provement for both subsystems, which will be done by 

Conclusions from this testing defined clear paths of im-

» Sensor data fusion and image processing

» Ethical compliance

the corresponding partners as and when funding becomes 

available. Given the level of completion of the project, it 

was not possible to come to a conclusion regarding the 

detection and classification potential of the integrated 

system, although some analysis was performed at the 

All developed components met the specifications set out 

subsystem level.

at the beginning of the project, in many cases bringing the 

technology level with, or surpassing, the state-of-the-art. 

The components and processes developed can be exploited 

in their own right for security applications and in areas 

PARTNERS 

ICTS (UK) Ltd. (ICTS) 
Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA) 
Anteral S.L. (Anteral) 
Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC-RAL) 
Teratech Components Ltd. (Teratech) 
Acreo Swedish ICT AB (Acreo) 
OMMIC SAS (Ommic) 
Università degli Studi di Roma “Tor Vergata” 
Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main 
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (FHR, FKIE) 
ICTS UK Ltd (ICTS UK) 
Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg (Uni Freiburg) 
Alfa Imaging S.A. (Alfa Imaging) 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
Spain
Spain
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Sweden
France
Italy
Germany
Germany
United Kingdom
Germany
Spain

282

OPARUS /  Open Architecture for UAV-based Surveillance System

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

s
l
l

a
f
t
e
N
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives 

Results  

242491

Total Cost   

€ 1,405,309.68

EU Contribution   

€ 1,188,312.75

Starting Date   

01/09/2010

End Date   

31/05/2012

OPARUS aimed to define an open architecture for operat-

The project held three workshops to define operational 

ing unmanned aerial systems (UAS) for wide-area land, 

scenarios with end-users and receive their feedback on 

coastal and sea border surveillance in Europe. This took 

the project results. The first Workshop focused on tech-

into account emerging legislation for the safe deploy-

nology reviews, operational concepts and the definition of 

ment of UAS platforms across Europe’s controlled civil 

scenarios. Based on answers from end-users regarding 

airspace – a regulatory and technical concept known 

29 missions and 15 scenarios, OPARUS identified 26 user 

as “air insertion”.

requirements that applied to three main geographical 

scenarios: Poland for land borders, South Mediterranean 

The project’s technical work focused on surveillance sen-

for coastal and Canary Islands for sea surveillance. 

SAGEM DÉFENSE  

sors, aerial platforms, secure data links, communication 

SÉCURITÉ

27 rue Leblanc, 

75015 Paris

France

Contact

Mr Fernando Barbero

Olivier REICHERT

Phone  : +33 1 40 70 67 26

Mobile  : +33 6 30 97 23 37

E-mail  :  

olivier.reichert@sagem.com

networks and generic ground control stations. Directly 

The second workshop proposed architectures for the 

connected to the needs of end-users such as Frontex and 

three missions, with the third presenting the project’s 

national Border Guard authorities, OPARUS also looked at 

final architecture solutions and associated regulatory 

cost-efficient solutions to promote maximum efficiency 

framework.

for UAS-based border surveillance operations.

Ethical aspects were presented during workshops with 

close attention paid to identifying applicable European 

legislation, operational recommendations and proposal 

for a future roadmap. 

For each of OPARUS’ four key UAS technologies – sensors, 

platform, data link and ground control station –  a list 

of generic products and their technical characteristics 

and performances was defined and classified, including 

purchase cost estimates. For example, regarding sensors 

it looked at electro-optical and infrared detection as well 

as several types of radar.

In the end, OPARUS came up with a set of solutions cover-

ing both short-term and longer-term border surveillance 

needs. Its open architecture includes:

» cost effective surveillance for “typical” border scenarios;

» room for non-proprietary solutions regarding equip-

ment and sub-systems; 

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Border surveillance 
 
 
 
OPARUS

283

» room for SMEs from many member countries to enter 

OPARUS proposed innovative solutions for UAS flight 

operations with today’s technology that could be ap-

proved by authorities for land or maritime European 

border surveillance missions. 

the market;

» the ability of companies to share different parts of a 
complex system which distributes development costs 

and risks on a broad basis – an advantage that would 

foster the development of industrial co-operation simi-

lar to the Airbus model. 

The project’s approach to UAS border surveillance ar-

chitecture, if commercialised, would deliver a system of 

different classes of technological sub-systems, which 

end-users could select for joint operations, leading to 

“more performance instead of heavily competing single 

systems”.  

PARTNERS 

Sagem Défense Sécurité (SAGEM) 
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych (AFIT) 
BAE Systems (Operations) Ltd (BAE) 
Dassault Aviation S.A.  
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR) 
Construcciones Aeronáuticas S.A. (EADS-CASA)  
Israel Aerospace Industries Ltd. (IAI)  
Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)  
Ingeniería de Sistemas para la Defensa de España S.A. (ISDEFE)  
Office national d’études et de recherches aérospatiales  (ONERA)  
Selex Galileo (SG)  
Thales Communications & Security S.A. (TCF)  
Thales Systèmes Aéroportés (Thales Syst Aero)  
Tony Henley Consulting Limited (THL)  

COUNTRY

France
Poland
United Kingdom
France
Germany
Spain
Israel
Spain
Spain
France
Italy
France
France
United Kingdom

284

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SUNNY /  Smart UNattended airborne sensor Network for detection of 
vessels used for cross border crime and irregular entrY

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives 

» A two-tiered unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) sensor 
network was developed to test both large field and 

313243

Total Cost   

€14,439,544.88

EU Contribution   

€9,569,977.68

Starting Date   

01/01/2014

Duration   

54 months

Teddington TW11 8LZ – 

United Kingdom

Contact

Rory Doyle

Phone  :  

+44 (0)20 8943 5544

E-mail  : 

rory.doyle@bmtglobal.com

The SUNNY project aimed to develop system solutions 

focused surveillance capabilities for potential future 

to improve the effectiveness of EU border monitoring 

use of the platforms when they are allowed to fly in 

compared to legacy systems whilst keeping the afford-

non-segregated airspace

ability and interoperability as key enabling factors. 

Description of the work  

SUNNY defined new tools for collecting real time infor-

mation in operational scenarios, with much of the work 

Results  

SUNNY’s end results included:

» Innovative airborne active and passive sensors for civil 
security applications: hyperspectral, a lightweight SAR, 

BMT GROUP LIMITED

linked to on-board processing and communications to 

Research 

improve efficiency and reduce cost. SUNNY achieved 

uncooled thermal and electro-optical sensors 

Waldegrave road 1

the following:

» Novel sensors and an on-board processing involving 
devices of low weight, low cost, and high resolution 

» Adapted communications and data link, civil frequen-
cies data link, and protocols for airborne sensor network 

for combining large field and focused/tracking surveil-

that can operate under variable conditions such as 

lance capabilities interҫconnected and supervised by 

darkness, snow, and rain 

a ground control centre with large parallel processing 

» Exploitation and adaptation of emerging standard wire-
less technologies and architectures to support Europe-

Website  : www.bmt.org

an-wide standards (IEEE 802.11a/g/n, IEEE 802.11p, 

capabilities

» Sensor fusion and data exploitation: novel fusion al-
gorithms for effective data processing, analysis, fusion 

DVB-T2, Mobile WiMAX, LTE, and Wi-Fi@700MHz were 

and visualisation that focuses attention on techniques, 

considered due to their low cost and advantageous 

and human computer interface for fusing and visualisa-

features)

tion of multi-source sensor data captured in real time 

to assist in global situation awareness and prompt 

decision making

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Border surveillance 
» Cooperative networking via optimizsed sensors net-
work, teams of platforms complementing other assets 

(e.g. space and surface), data transformation into com-

plete information to support decision makers

» Improvements to the sensing and perception autonomy 
of UAVs by innovative on-board processing capabilities 

using state of the art parallel processing hardware.

» Concept validation via on-ground and in-flight test 
demonstrations (primary site trials in Crete and Por-

tugal) 

PARTNERS 

BMT Group Ltd 
Metasensing B.V. 
Xenics 
Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London 
Tecnalia 
INESC PORTO 
Technical University of Crete 
Ministério da Defesa Nacional (CINAV) 
SPECIM, Spectral Imaging Ltd 
ALENIA AERMACCHI SPA 
TTI NORTE, S.L. 
CENTER FOR SECURITY STUDIES (KEMEA) 
MARLO a.s. 
Vitrociset S.p.A. 
NCSR ‘Demokritos’ 
CNIT RASS 
SAAB AKTIEBOLAG 
ALTUS LSA COMMERCIAL AND MANUFACTURING SA 
Leonardo - Finmeccanica Spa (FIN) 

SUNNY

285

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
The Netherlands
Belgium
United Kingdom
Spain
Portugal
Greece
Portugal
Finland
Italy
Spain
Greece
Norway
Italy
Greece
Italy
Sweden
Greece
Italy

286

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

CONTAIN /CONtainer securiTy Advanced Information Networking

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives 

261679

Total Cost  

€ 15,525,218.11 

EU Contribution  

€ 10,044,904.00  

Starting Date  

01/10/2011

End Date   

31/03/2015

CONTAIN defined and demonstrated a European ship-

ping container surveillance system that encompasses 

7.  Assist national and EU policy makers to frame con-
tainer security policy based on sound economic and 

regulatory, policy and standardisation recommendations, 

technological arguments;

new business models and advanced container security 

management capabilities. When fully implemented, it will:

8.  Support development of European standards for con-

tainer security and supply chain security.

1.  Support public and private transport security stake-
holders by managing container security threats within 

logistic chains as part of an integrated approach to 

TOTALFÖRSVARETS 

managing door-to-door (D2D) transportation networks;

Description of the work

FORSKNINGSINSTITUT  

(FOI)

Division of Information and 

2.  Provide a coherent set of cost effective and efficient 
technology options for container-integrated sensor, 

CONTAIN devised solutions for a risk-based approach to 

container targeting and scanning, and the optimization 

Aeronautical Systems

communication and security hardware and software 

of container transport and information interoperability 

Gullfossvägen 6, Stockholm

technologies to monitor container movements and 

and exchange. Improved positioning, eSeal technology 

164 90 Sweden

Contact

Pontus Svenson   

Tel  : +46 8 5550 3732

security and business related parameters in real time;

and container security device equipment were devel-

3.  Enable ports and transport networks to use cost effec-
tive upgraded container security processes, including 

oped, and technology solutions for locating containers 

misdeclared as empty. The results were tested during 

two small-scale demonstrations in Genoa (December 

Mobile  : +46 734 44 77 32

the integration of ICT applications with customs agents 

2014) and Valencia (January 2015) and a large-scale 

Fax  : +46 8 5550 3700

E-mail  : ponsve@foi.se

Website  : www.foi.se

and national security forces; 

one in Bologna (March 2015). 

4.  Provide added value to investments by EU customs 
organisations regarding the protection of markets and 

society, while offering favorable conditions for busi-

Results

ness via better real time risk evaluation and control;

5.  Provide information gathering, validation, fusion and 
situational  awareness  services  for  near  real  time 

CONTAIN developed a European containers surveillance 

framework that includes enhanced sensing technology, 

decision support systems for authorities and other stake-

“corridor container traffic maps” and their integration 

holders, and methods for using security information to 

into an EU container traffic map in support of an EU 

improve business procedures. The results enhance in-

surveillance policy;

formation sharing between stakeholders and authori-

ties, and enable more accurate and timely processing of 

6.  Enable secure trade lanes between the EU and selected 

entry summary declarations and customs declarations. 

trading partners;

CONTAIN’s technology offers more accurate situational 

awareness of the position and status of containers, thus 

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Land border 
CONTAIN

287

increasing container handling efficiency for logistics op-

erators. An assessment and benchmarking tool allows 

» Resilience, in that failure of a single container monitor-
ing system will only affect the surveillance process as 

users to streamline logistics procedures and improve 

a whole  in a minor way.

the efficiency of logistics operators.

CONTAIN’s solution supports:

The results should lead to increased visibility of the 

supply chain via new and improved sensory and posi-

tioning devices, and better situational awareness for 

» adaptability, in that systems are able to accommodate 
new technologies, and extend information exchange 

logistics operators and authorities. The project’s com-

prehensive toolset, interlinked by the CONTAIN software 

agreements with regard to differing legal and regu-

platform, involves both physical devices and risk analysis 

latory constraints and/or international standards for 

software. These have the potential to boost container 

security,

transportation security by integrating container security 

data in a common information distribution and sharing 

» scalability, i.e., systems are able to grow or shrink dy-
namically to meet new challenges including variations 

environment.

of container throughput,

PARTNERS 

BMT Group Limited (BMT) 
Conceptivity Sarl (CTY) 
Inlecom Systems Ltd (ILS) 
Consorzio IB Innovation (IBI) 
JRC – Joint Research Centre – European Commission 
Selex ES SPA (SE) 
Thales Research & Technology (UK) Limited (TLUK) 
Telespazio Spa (TPZ) 
Marlo AS(Marlo) 
Novacom Services SA (Novacom) 
Teknologian Tutkimuskeskus VTT (VTT) 
MJC2 Limited (MJC2) 
eBOS Technologies Ltd (eBOS) 
European Organization for Security SCRL (EOS) 
Fundaction de la Communidad Valenciana Para La Investigacion, Promocion Y  
Estudios Comerciales de Valenciaport  (VAL) 
Agenzia Delle Dogane (AD) 
Thales Italia Spa (TLIT) 
SO.GE.MAR. Societa Generale Magazzine Raccordati Interporto SPA (SOG) 
Totalförsvarets forskningsinstitut (FOI) 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Italy
Belgium
Italy
United Kingdom
Italy
Norway
France
Finland
United Kingdom
Cyprus
Belgium
Spain 

Italy
Italy
Italy
Sweden

288

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

EWISA /Early Warning for Increased Situational Awareness

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives 

Description of the work

608174

Total Cost  

€13,956,301

EU Contribution  

€ 10,893,914   

Starting Date  

01/09/2014

Duration   

46 months

EWISA aims to assess and improve the management of 

The project proposes to: 

illegal migration flows at the land border, through greater 

operational situation awareness and reaction capacity of 

authorities responsible for land border security. It is also 

1.  increase the intelligence of the video surveillance 
system, detect all the irregular movements within the 

aimed to develop a system in which video-analysis tech-

area and select the suspicious ones conduct in-depth 

niques could be combined to serve border maintenance 

observation and identification of the targets;

as efficiently as possible and at low cost. 

The project objective is to increase intelligence in video 

INSPECTORATUL  

surveillance via camera-specific processes and a modular 

GENERAL AL POLITIEI 

implementation of successive analysis layers, which is ap-

DE FRONTIERA

plied for optimal situational awareness such as chaining, 

2.  Achieve 100% surveillance of the overall land border 
area (water, land, air). Set up and run a demonstration;

3.  define the desired interoperability environment, in-
cluding proposed adaptations to existing systems, 

Bd. Geniului 42 C, sector 6

motion, figure, face. In addition, the network consists of 

to accommodate new capabilities, additional sen-

cheap sensors, network analysis and system for control 

sors (cameras & radars) and communication media 

room.

between existing system nodes;

4.  to promote the usage of EWISA system concept all 

over the European land borders

Bucuresti

Romania

Contact

Mr. Andrei VOICU   

Tel  : +40 743 14 91 54

Fax  : +40 21 312 11 89

E-mail  : ewisa@igpf.ro

Website  : www.ewisa.eu

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Land border 
Results

» System design of a multilayer video analysis solution 
in which different modules, which could be purchased 

The present proposal will provide an innovative system 

at different times.

for warning on possible threats, enhancement of effec-

tiveness and efficiency of all security relevant systems, 

equipment, tools and processes for the surveillance in 

» intelligent video analysis, which offers solutions for 
the control room personnel. The amount of alarms is 

the selected areas:

reduced to a acceptable level

» Sensor and/or radar-video stations, for land and air, 

» the “false alarm” rate is reduced significantly

placed in high risk areas

» video analysis techniques that are applicable individ-
ually in different border security environments and 

» If the main objective is met, the amount of human 
labor committed to video surveillance is reduced and 

the control of video surveillance can be centralized to 

conditions

fewer command centers

• border surveillance
• border control (land border)
• in land checkpoint

PARTNERS 

Politia de Frontiera (Border Police) 
Rajavartiolaitos (Border Guard) 
Guardia Civil (Civil Guard) 
KEMEA (Center for Security Studies) 

EWISA

289

COUNTRY

Romania
Finland
Spain
Greece

290

GLOBE /  Global Border Environment

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N° 

Project objectives

Results 

218207

Total Cost  

€ 999,891 

EU Contribution  

€ 999,891 

Starting Date  

01/07/2008

End Date  

30/06/2009

The GLOBE project aimed to produce a comprehensive 

GLOBE conducted a comprehensive analysis of current 

approach to integrated border management in Europe 

European border management practices, which were 

that factors in the internal, border and global aspects of 

compiled into a road-map for future enhancement of 

border management. It set out to assess the existing tech-

these networks.

nical, legal, political and societal environment of Europe’s 

borders, and to suggest information management and 

GLOBE focused, in particular, on the role of the EU’s border 

integration steps to be taken to enhance border security.

management agency, Frontex, and bilateral arrangements 

with the EU’s external partners that help member states 

GLOBE was a ‘phase one’ research project, whose feasi-

form an overview of their border management situation.

TELVENT INTERACTIVA 

bility results will inform a subsequent ‘phase two’ large 

S.A.

Mr. Manuel Parra

Av. Valgrande, 6

ES-28108 Alcobendas

Spain

Contact

Víctor Alejandro Luaces 

Bustabad

E-mail  :  

victor.luaces@telvent.com

Website  :  

http://globe.ti-projects.com/

scale demonstration project on border management, to 

Two key areas were identified as ripe for further develop-

be funded in the near future.

ment and synergy in Europe: risk analysis and decision 

making. GLOBE recommends that the 27 Member States 

adopt common definitions and criteria for sharing source 

data, risk analysis results and decision making indicators 

and reports. Convergence and standardisation in these 

practices would enable automation in areas such as data 

gathering, risk assessment and the generation of indica-

tors and reports. GLOBE produced its road-map with these 

goals in mind.

In the area of border checks, GLOBE focused on potential 

automated processes for sharing document authentication 

between member state agencies and external partners. 

Concepts for innovative technologies to check traveler 

identity and documents before their arrival at the physical 

border in order to facilitate the processing in advance low 

risk passengers were suggested. Supported by an infor-

mation architecture, this mixture of pre-border document 

checks and information sharing between neighbours will 

close loop-holes and expedite legitimate travel, GLOBE 

concluded.

In the area of border surveillance, maritime border moni-

toring was identified as a priority. GLOBE works to achieve 

improved situational awareness and assessment via a 

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Land border 
GLOBE

291

fusion of surveillance information with information gath-

In concluding its project road-map, GLOBE suggests that 

ered by all relevant monitoring, reporting and information 

interoperability and dedicated information architecture 

systems – including those of external partners. Modular 

should be the focus of the phase two Demonstration 

networks were recommended for this.

Project.

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F
©

COUNTRY

Spain
Spain
Spain
Spain
France
Slovenia
Poland
Belgium
Portugal
Hungary
Norway
Portugal
Austria
Italy
Spain

PARTNERS 

Telvent Interactiva S.A. 
Amper Sistemas S.A. 
GMV Aerospace and Defence, S.A 
Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial 
Altran Technologies 
SETTCE 
Econet Polska sp. z.o.o. 
Eurosense Belfotop N.V. 
Skysoft Portugal, Software e Tecnologias de Informaçao, S.A. 
CES vision Ltd. 
PRIO 
Empresa de Serviços e Desenvolvimento de Software, S.A. 
Cogent Systems GMBH 
CIAOTECH Srl (CIAOTECH) 
Fundación Tecnalia Research & Innovation (TECNALIA) 

 
292

TALOS /Transportable autonomous patrol for land border surveillance system

S
O
L
A
T
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives 

218081

Total Cost  

€ 19,878,692 

EU Contribution  

€ 12,898,332 

Starting Date  

01/06/2008

End Date  

31/05/2012

PRZEMYSŁOWY  

TALOS is an innovative, Adaptable Land Border Large Area 

Surveillance System, based on transportable surveillance 

» To implement the core components of the designed 
TALOS system as a proof-of-concept prototype in the 

integrated with rapidly deployable, mobile, unmanned 

Integrated Project (IP);

ground and air vehicles, which will address new challenges 

of external land borders of the enlarged European Union.

» To set up and run the TALOS demonstrator (prototype) 
that will show the main benefits of the proposed ap-

The TALOS project proposes to develop an integrated, adapt-

proach;

able land and large area (including devastated environment) 

surveillance system that :

» To promote the usage of the TALOS system concept all 
over Europe, and to contribute to the ongoing efforts 

INSTYTUT AUTOMATYKI 

» Is capable of Detecting, Locating, Tracking and Tracing :

of their standardization in Europe;

• individuals;
• vehicles;
• hazardous substance.

» To show the cost-effectiveness of the TALOS mo-
bile / transportable concept as opposed to conventional 

stationary border surveillance solutions.

» Combines remote and autonomous platforms featuring :

The main TALOS innovation covers  :

I POMIARÓW

Aleje Jerozolimskie 202 

PL – 02486 Warsaw 

Poland

Contact

Mariusz Andrzejczak 

Tel  : +48 22 874 01 99

Fax  : +48 22 874 01 13

• multi sensor data fusion (including biological and 

E-mail  : mandrzejczak@piap.pl

chemical);

Website  : www.talos-border.eu

• active imaging;
• data Fusion;
• command Control & Communication.

The TALOS project’s main objectives are as follows  :

» To  design  the  Integrated,  Adaptable  Land  Bor-
der  Large  Area  Surveillance  System  based 

on  Unmanned  Ground  and  Air  Vehicles  

(TALOS system);

» To run research works in the main topics addressed 
by the TALOS project, i.e. : Unmanned Ground Vehi-

cles, Command and Control, Communication, Virtual 

prototyping; 

» Scalability – its ability to change system scales easily 
due to changes in the requirements and local conditions 

such as border size, topography, density of surveillance 

elements etc.  ; 

» Autonomous capability based on sets of rules (artifi-
cial intelligence) - programmed to the computers of 

the Unmanned ground vehicles and the Command & 

Control system  ;

» Mobility / transportability – the whole system will be 
Mobile / Transportable, installed in standard contain-

ers, and transported on trailers for fast deployment 

in selected border zones (according to intelligence)  ;

» Tactical learning/adaptation behaviour – during the 
development process, the system will be adapted to 

local operational requirements, operators will be in-

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Land border 
 
TALOS

293

terrogated and their needs implemented in a system 

Results

mission planning module  ;

The results of the project are available on the CORDIS 

website http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/security.

» No  need  for  fixed  infrastructure  or  fences  –  
the TALOS system, owing to its mobility and trans-

portability, does not require any fixed infrastructure 

or fences  ;

» Enables response to intrusion in minutes – system 
will respond to intrusion in a matter of minutes, not 

hours  ; and

» Usage of “green” energy – in remote locations (where 
it is impossible to connect to standard power lines) 

the energy will be drawn from natural sources e.g. 

by means of solar panels (sunny area), wind towers 

(windy area), water wheels (near rivers). 

PARTNERS 

Przemysłowy Instytut Automatyki i Pomiarów 
ASELSAN Elektronik Sanayi ve Ticaret A.S. 
European Business Innovation & Research Center S.A.  
Hellenic Aerospace Industry S.A. 
Israeli Aerospace Industries 
ITTI Sp. z o.o.  
Office National d’Etudes et de Recherches Aérospatiales 
Smartdust Solutions Ltd. 
Société Nationale de Construction Aérospatiale 
STM Savunma Teknolojileri Mühendislik ve Ticaret A.Ş. 
Telekomunikacja Polska SA 
TTI Norte S.L.  
Technical Research Center of Finland 
Politechnika Warszawska 

COUNTRY

Poland
Turkey
Romania
Greece
Israel
Poland
France
Estonia
Belgium
Turkey
Poland
Spain
Finland
Poland

294

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

k
u
y
l
y
r
y
K
r
y
m
y
d
o
o
V
©

l

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

AMASS /Autonomous Maritime Surveillance System

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N° 

Project objectives

Results 

218290

Total Cost  

€ 5,551,702.06

EU Contribution  

€ 3,580,550

Starting Date  

01/03/2008

End Date  

31/08/2011

The AMASS project sought to develop a surveillance system 

AMASS produced original research into hardware and 

for the observation and provision of actionable data for 

software solutions for a range of engineering challenges, 

securing critical maritime areas against potential illegal 

including: a flotation platform, optronics, hydrophones, com-

immigration; and to help prevent the trafficking of weapons, 

munication circuits, power management, image exploitation 

drugs and illicit substances. 

and command and control systems. 

The project aimed to carry out the key research and tech-

These innovations were tested on the AMASS Prototype, a 

nological development required to engineer an unmanned 

sea-worthy buoy developed by the consortia. Sea trials in 

platform capable of remotely monitoring maritime areas 

shallow, deep and far off-shore locations were conducted 

CARL ZEISS OPTRONICS 

a considerable distance from shore. 

in both the Baltic Sea and Atlantic. During one trial, a rub-

GMBH

Carl-Zeiss-Straße 22 

DE – 73447 Oberkochen 

Germany

Contact

Thomas Anderson

Tel  : +49 73 64 20 2833

Fax  : +49 73 64 20 3277

E-mail  : t.anderson@ 

optronics.zeiss.com

Website  :  

www.amass-project.eu

ber boat was tracked at a distance of 5km.  In another, 

communications signal strength was tested for two weeks.  

The range of sensors, on-board processing units, trans-

mission technology and platform stabilisation hydraulics 

required to operate the buoy led to some novel operational 

adaptations. AMASS engineers also had to optimise a range 

of existing products to meet the low power consumption, 

low weight and long life time criteria required by the project 

brief. A power control unit for managing consumption was 

developed to optimise energy usage. 

The Prototype is also capable of interaction with a base 

station for basic command and control (C2) functions. For 

instance, much of the hardware, such as the hydrophonic 

sensors, can operate in a low-energy “detection mode”, as 

well as in an on-request high-energy “classification mode” 

for in-depth analysis of detected signals. Visualisation tools 

for a C2 hub were also developed, to allow operators to 

view on-going developments at sea in real-time. 

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Sea borders 
 
 
 
 
AMASS

295

Whilst only one Prototype was actually tested, AMASS has 

produced a point-to-point radio operating system that can 

incorporate as many as 65 buoy units with one operating 

base station. 

This highlights the potential to deploy AMASS platforms in 

an inter-locking network, for 24/7 wide spectrum surveil-

lance of critical maritime areas.

PARTNERS 

Carl Zeiss Optronics GmbH 
Crabbe Consulting Ltd 
Armed Forces Malta 
Instituto Canario de Ciencias Marinas 
Fugro Oceanor 
OBR Centrum Techniki Morskiej 
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer-IITB) 
IQ-Wireless 
HSF 
University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 

COUNTRY

Germany
United Kingdom
Malta
Spain
Norway
Poland
Germany
Germany
Czech Republic
Spain

296

CASSANDRA /  Common assessment and analysis of risk in global  
supply chains

A
R
D
N
A
S
S
A
C
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i
i

r
r
o
o
t
t
a
a
n
n
d
d
r
r
o
o
o
o
C
C

Grant Agreement N° 

Project objectives

261795

Total Cost  

€ 14,813,514

EU Contribution  

€ 9,958,749

Starting Date  

01/06/2011

End Date

31/08/2014

NEDERLANDSE  

ORGANISATIE VOOR 

The main objective was to enable and facilitate the com-

approach to risk assessment. As much as possible, this 

bination of existing information sources in supply chains 

approach relied on existing data sources, data sharing 

for containers into new and better visibility that allowed 

and system integration. Hardware oriented solutions, 

the assessment of risks by business and government. 

such as satellite tracking and extensive container scan-

ning, or building completely new platforms or tools were 

CASSANDRA was combining new tools, hardware, vis-

not part of this project. 

ibility platforms and other technical solutions in such a 

way that business and government were able to fully 

The project demonstrated and implement this approach 

adopt a risk based approach to their operational activi-

to risk assessment in three so-called living labs. These 

ties, and in particular to combine two strategic customs 

were set up around major European tradelanes : Asia – 

approaches : the Risk-based approach with the System-

North West Europe, North Europe – US and North Af-

TOEGEPAST- NATUURWE-

based audit approach. As such, it was a more balanced 

rica – Southern Europe. 

TENSCHAPPELIJK  

approach than the US driven approach aimed at 100 % 

ONDERZOEK

Mobiliteit & Logistiek

scanning of incoming containers.

The nine Work Packages were :

Van Mourik Broekmanweg 6

CASSANDRA facilitated the adoption of a risk based 

PO Box 49

2600 AA Delft  

The Netherlands

Contact

approach in designing and managing efficient and se-

cure supply chains by business. In addition, CASSANDRA 

facilitated a dialogue between business and government 

to gain acceptance of the risk based approach and risk 

» WP 1 : Inception and user requirements, ensuring that 
all partners were at the same level in terms of state of 

the art and user requirements for supply chain visibility;
» WP 2 : Risk based approach, developing the risk based 
approach to supply chain management, and defining 

Heather Griffioen-Young

self-assessment by business for supervision by govern-

the first draft of a business government interaction 

Tel  : +31 888 665 931

ment agencies. This principle of governments’ piggy back-

protocol on risk assessment;

Mobile  : +31 622 461 065 

ing on businesses’ own risk assessment was becoming 

Fax  : +31 346 353 977

a central theme in a number of long term strategies 

» WP 3 : Design, development and system integration, 
containing the IT development activities, which consist 

E-mail  :  

among supervision agencies, such as customs and police. 

of interfaces and dashboard development;

heather.griffioen@tno.nl

Website  : www.tno.nl

Description of the work

» WP  4 :  Living  Lab  demonstrations,  containing  the 
activities to show the proof of concept in a real life 

environment;

The main activities in the project were the development 

of risk based approaches in supply chains and the fa-

» WP 5 : Evaluation and deployment; 
» WP 6 : Policy support, privacy and human issues and 

cilitation of information integration and sharing in the 

networking preparations;

supply chain, by building interfaces between existing 

visibility platforms, and organizing a consensus build-

» WP 7 : Dissemination, networking and consensus build-
ing, facilitating further discussion on the business-

ing process among business and government agencies 

government interaction that was the result of sharing 

to arrive at a commonly accepted framework for risk 

integral data on supply chain operations;

assessment in the supply chain. CASSANDRA followed 

very much a data integration and business intelligence  

» WP 8 : Scientific coordination;
» WP 9 : Administrative management.

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Sea borders 
 
 
 
CASSANDRA

297

Results

publications and conference presentations to holding external 

symposia and workshops.

CASSANDRA’s aim was to enable the combination of exist-

ing supply chain information sources with more visibility to 

allow more accurate risk assessment by businesses and 

governments. The project developed the concepts needed to 

increase visibility, facilitate the adoption of modern tools for 

integrating risk management and screening, and demonstrate 

these in living labs thus bridging the gap between visibility 

solutions and community systems. The CASSANDRA solu-

tions are showcased in a serious game: The Chain Game. 

CASSANDRA engaged in consensus building by providing 

the platform to discuss and adopt a common risk-based 

approach for business and government supervision, as well 

as joint arrangements on how to deal with specific risks. 

Finally, we carried out various dissemination activities from 

PARTNERS 

Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam (EUR) 
Technische Universiteit Delft (TUD) 
Institut fuer Seeverkehrswirtschaft und Logistik (ISL) 
Fundacion Zaragoza Logistics Centre (ZLC) 
Cross-border Research Academy (CBRA) 
GS1 AISBL (GS1 GO) 
IBM Nederland BV (IBM) 
GMVIS Skysoft SA (GMV) 
Intrasoft International SA (INTR) 
Atos Origin SAE (ATOS) 
Zemblaz NV (DESCARTES) 
Senator fuer Wirtschaft und Haefen Bremen (SWHB) 
Ministerie van Financien Directoraat Generaal Belastingdienst (DCA) 
HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) 
Korps Landelijke Politie Diensten (KLPD) 
Portic Barcelona S.A. (PORTIC) 
ECT Participations (ECT) 
Dbh Logistics IT AG (DBH) 
Seacon Venlo Expeditie B.V. (SEACON) 
BAP Logistics Ltd (BAP) 
Kuehne + Nagel GmbH (K+N) 
DHL Management (Switzerland) Ltd (DHL) 
North-South Consultants Exchange LLC (NSCE) 
Port Authority of Setubal and Sesimbra (APSS) 
Portbase BV (PORTBASE) 
Integrated Solutions for Ports JSC (ISFP) 

COUNTRY

The Netherlands
The Netherlands
The Netherlands
Germany
Spain
Switzerland
Belgium
The Netherlands
Portugal
Luxembourg
Spain
Belgium
Germany
The Netherlands
United Kingdom
The Netherlands
Spain
The Netherlands
Germany
The Netherlands
United Kingdom
Austria
Switzerland
Egypt
Portugal
The Netherlands
Egypt

298

CLOSEYE / Collaborative evaLuation Of border Surveillance technologies 
in maritime Environment bY pre-operational validation of innovativE solutions

k
c
o
t
s
k
n
h
T
©

i

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N° 

Project objectives

Description of the work

313184

Total Cost  

€ 12,205,073,01

EU Contribution  

€ 9,218,256.36

Starting Date  

27/03/2013

Duration 

47 months

The main objectives of the CLOSEYE project were to:

CLOSEYE’s implementation map consisted of three con-

» Provide the EU with an operational and technical frame-
work to increase situational awareness and improve 

the reaction capability of authorities surveying the EU’s 

secutive phases:

Phase 1: Definition

external borders by following a decentralised approach

This was based on the relevant requirements for Euro-

» Validate new security solutions taking into account any 
aspect of border security that could threaten human 

» Identification of the needs and available solutions that 

pean Border Surveillance:

i
i

r
r
o
o
t
t
a
a
n
n
d
d
r
r
o
o
o
o
C
C

Guardia Civil (GUCI)

rights or break international law

could be tested and validated in cooperation

Mr. JOSÉ MANUEL  

SANTIAGO MARÍN

Jefatura Fiscal y de Fron-

» Enable public authorities in charge of border surveil-
lance to innovate faster in the provision of their in-

» Definition of a validation strategy (including a practical 
exercise plan), and setting scenarios and issues for 

teras

stitutional services, making them more efficient and 

concrete implementation of activities

C/  Guzmán el Bueno 110

effective

28003 -  Madrid

Spain

Contact

» Increase the research capacity and innovation perfor-
mance of European companies and research institu-

» Establishment of good practice procedures and criteria 
for evaluation and monitoring (common evaluation 

criteria and implementation methods)

Mr. Gonzalo Lafita 

tions, thus creating new opportunities for international 

Beceril

leadership in new markets

Phase 2: Execution

E-mail  : glafitab@guardia-

civil.es

closeye@guardiacivil.org

» Conduct pre-operational validation of the common 
application of surveillance tools at EU level via the 

This  phase  implemented  the  validation  strategy  as 

prescribed by the CLOSEYE Consortium in Phase 1 (in 

Website  : www.guardiacivil.

competitive testing and assessment of several po-

particular the Call for Tenders for the implementation 

es

tential solutions

» Achieve a competitive testing framework

of testing). During this phase, solution providers were 

selected via the call. The providers executed the testing 

in real operational scenarios, with solutions integrated 

into existing systems, and worked under the supervision 

of the CLOSEYE Consortium.

Phase 3: Evaluation

This phase concluded the overall validation. The CLO-

SEYE Consortium conducted a thorough assessment 

of solution performances and the cost-benefit ratio of 

alternatives tested in Phase 2, against the set of jointly 

defined performance criteria. It included a set of recom-

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Sea bordersInformation 
 
mendations that could be extended to other relevant EU 

The close link between end-users and industry, especially in 

organisations or initiatives.

Results

those cases where there was a fuzzy perception of the real 

daily needs of a user for a particular technology, extended 

the benefits of pre-operational validation beyond technical 

development. The identification of innovative applications, 

Pre-operational validation guided by end-users led to a tan-

business models and procurement strategies was reflected 

gible assessment of the performance levels offered by in-

in the integration of solutions as fully operational tools. By 

novative technologies in a realistic user-defined operational 

acting as a technologically knowledgeable validator of new 

scenario, where a trade-off between efficiency, effectiveness 

R&D, the public demand side was shown to drive innovation.

and cost was aligned with actual needs.

Moreover, pre-operational validation allowed not only an 

assessment of stand-alone technologies but also of the 

integration of new capabilities integrated into the surveil-

lance infrastructure at all levels in systems’ lifecycle (from 

technical to logistics, training, maintenance, operation and 

disengagement activities).

PARTNERS 

Guardia Civil (GUCI) 
Guardia Nacional Republicana, (GNR)  
Ingeniería de Sistemas para la Defensa de España (ISDEFE) 
Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) 
European Union Satellite Center (EUSC) 
Marina Militare Italiana (MARINA) 

CLOSEYE

299

COUNTRY

Spain
Portugal
Spain
Italy
EU
Italy

300

1
1
0
2
-

m
u
i
t
r
o
s
n
o
C

C
2

I

&
S
N
C
D
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i
i

r
r
o
o
t
t
a
a
n
n
d
d
r
r
o
o
o
o
C
C

I2C / Integrated system for Interoperable sensors & Information sources for 
Common abnormal vessel behaviour detection & Collaborative identification of threat

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

The I2C new generation of maritime surveillance system 

These shore based platforms provided measurements 

must allow : 

(AIS messages, radar vessel tracks and optical image-

ries) to elaborate a maritime situational picture for all 

» Permanent and all weather coverage of border mari-

vessel types. Platforms at sea were also developed 

time areas;

(aircraft & vessel patrols, Zeppelin and USV) to provide 

» Continuous collection and fusion of heterogeneous 
data provided by various types of sensors deployed 

on shorelines and on mobile platforms and other in-

DCNS SA

formation from external sources;

local node surveillance;

» Fusion of all sensor data with existing information on 
vessel characteristics (Lloyds Register, Traffic2000, Ship 

spotting, etc.), on black listed vessels (Paris and Tokyo 

MOUs), on meteorological conditions (wave height and 

» Supervised automatic detection of abnormal vessel 
behaviours (in track and performed activity) and gen-

surface wind speed, etc.) and on geographical data (ba-

thymetry, fishing and protected areas, etc.), took place 

eration of justified alarms;

to provide an intelligent maritime situational picture;

» Understanding of suspicious events and early identi-
fication of threats from series of detected spatiotem-

» Applying rules on verified vessel conditions, to detect 
abnormal vessel behaviours, then sounding alarms 

poral abnormal vessel behaviours (alarms);

for operators for validation. Examples of rules are :

242340

Total Cost  

€ 15,962,707 

EU Contribution   

€ 9,869,621 

Starting Date  

01/10/2010

End Date   

30/09/2014

Direction Systèmes d’Infor-

mation et de Surveillance

Rond point des artilleurs de 

marine

B.P 403

83055 Toulon  

France

Contact

Michel Morel

Tel  : +33 (0) 498 039 259

Mobile  :  

» Generation of electronic and formatted interpretation 
reports on suspicious events to keep decision-making 

• Vessels boarding during the night and with low wave 
height will generate an alarm for a suspect event 

+33 (0) 699 812 771

authorities periodically informed. 

which can be analysed as trans-boarding of goods 

Fax  : +33 (0) 498 039 257

E-mail  : Michel.Morel@

dcnsgroup.com

Description of the work

Website  : www.i2c.eu

The tasks to perform in the I2C integration project were :

such as drugs; 

• Vessels stopped in international water for less than 
thirty minutes and with low surface current speed 

will generate an alarm for a suspect event which 

» To set up an end to end information acquisition and 

can be analysed as dropping smuggled goods at sea. 

processing system;

» To test the fusion of data from a bench of sensors 
and other available intelligent information sources in 

» Validated alarms are transferred to experts for un-
derstanding and identification of threats. Experts use 

tool kits to analyse the history of the alarm and its 

order to perform optimal maritime security awareness.

evolution over time with the help of knowledge models 

on similar past suspicious events already identified.

To do so :

» Two coastal sites were installed with a set of sensors.  

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Sea borders 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
I2C

301

Results

Common Operational Traffic Picture. This picture was then 

complemented with other data, such as meteo/oceano, 

I2C was an integrated maritime surveillance system 

ship data, etc. that were fused to produce a Common 

which used various sensors and assets for detecting ves-

Intelligent Traffic Picture. 

sels over large zones. Sensors included radar such as con-

ventional Frequency Modulation Continuous Wavelength 

Another component was a tool set for automated de-

(for small boat detection) and High Frequency Surface 

tection which alerted on anomalous vessels behavior 

Wave (for long-range detection) radars. I2C also used SAR 

and facilitation of interpretation of the threat. I2C has 

from airborne platforms and other sensors such as electro-

performed many real time demonstrations at sea. In 

optical cameras and AIS sensors (including space borne). 

particular, it has tested its sensor network, fusion, detec-

The sensors were incorporated on land, sea, or air as-

different scenarios, drug trafficking, illegal immigration, 

sets. Sea and air assets included an aircraft, airship, and 

and detection of small floating objects/boats.

tion of anomalous behaviour, and threat identification in 

unmanned boat. The sensor data and additional AIS from 

commercial providers were fused and analysed in order 

to set up accurate vessel unique tracks to form a shared 

PARTNERS 

DCNS SA (DCNS) 
ROCKVELL COLLLINS France (ROC)  
FURUNO FINLAND OY (FUR)  
SES ASTRA TechCom SA (AST) 
KONGSBERG NORTCONTROL IT A/S (KON)  
KONGSBERG SPACETEC A/S (KSPT)  
CLEARPRIORITY SA (CLE)  
ZLT ZEPPELIN LUFTSCHIFFTECHNIK GMBH ET CO KG (ZLT)  
METEOSIM SL (MET)  
AJECCO OY (AJE)  
AIRSHIPVISON INTERNATIONAL SA (AVI)  
ECOMER (ECO) 
INTUILAB (INT) 
SOFRESUD (SOF) 
ERIC VAN HOOYDONK ADVOCATEN (HOO)  
ASSOCIATION POUR LA RECHERCHE ET LE DEVELOPPEMENT DES METHODES  
ET PROCESSUS INDUSTRIELS - ARMINES (ARM)  
UNIVERSITE PAUL SABATIER TOULOUSE III (IRI) 
OFFICE NATIONAL D’ETUDES ET DE RECHERCHES AEROSPATIALES - ONERA (ONE)  
EUROPEAN COMMISSION - JOINT RESEARCH CENTRE (JRC)  
DEUTSCHE ZEPPELIN REDEREI GMBH (DZR)  

COUNTRY

France
France
Finland
Luxembourg
Norway
Norway
Belgium
Germany
Spain
Finland
France
France
France
France
Belgium

France
France
France
Belgium
Germany

302

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

l

e
t
t
o
c
a
e
D
o
n
u
r
B
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

OPERAMAR / An interoperable approach to European Union 
maritime security management 

Grant Agreement N°   

Project objectives

Results 

218045

Total Cost    

€ 669,134

EU Contribution   

€ 669,134 

Starting Date   

01/03/2008

End Date   

31/05/2009

OPERAMAR aimed to assess the challenges of boosting 

OPERAMAR undertook 40 field visits and stakeholder 

the seamless exchange of information and ensuring 

surveys, which were used to ascertain the current state of 

a sufficient level of interoperability between current 

information gathering, integration and dispatch between 

maritime security management systems amongst EU 

stakeholders in the maritime surveillance field. 

Member States. 

This study had a specific emphasis on technical con-

port control, customs, fisheries, marine transport and 

straints and legacy systems, but did not ignore organi-

traffic control, marine pollution control, suppression of 

sational and institutional obstacles to information shar-

criminal activities, military actors and marine search 

The range of actors surveyed included: sea border and 

THALES UNDERWATER 

ing such as legislation and regulations within particular 

and rescue. 

SYSTEMS SAS 

Route des Dolines 525

FR – 06903 Sophia  

states.

Antipolis 

France

Contact

Bernard GARNIER 

Tel : +33 4 9296 3000

Fax : +33 4 9296 4032

E-mail : Bernard.garnier@

fr.thalesgroup.com

Website : www.operamar.eu

In each instance, stakeholders were examined in terms 

of overall awareness and information management 

practices during both routine and emergency response 

activities. 

OPERAMAR concluded from these assessments that, 

given the large number of legacy systems current in 

operation (estimated at 20 Europe-wide), the following 

two-pronged approach is recommended:

»  A secure and interoperable ICT environment, dubbed 
the “Common sEcuRe and selective Information Sharing 

Toolbox” (CERIS.Tbox), should be used as the basis for 

a shared information sharing protocol that can accept 

inputs from a variety of existing systems. CERIS Tbox 

should prioritise common data standards and secure 

connections – and it should be based on the principle 

of information “push”, whereby data owners retain 

control over what data is shared with specific end-users;

» Structured around CERIS Tbox, a medium-to-long term 
vision of operational concepts and technical solutions 

should be nurtured. OPERAMAR argues that this will 

encourage future harmonisation and interoperability 

when managing maritime surveillance activities and 

response operations.

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Sea borders 
 
 
 
OPERAMAR

303

Overall, OPERAMAR concluded that getting information-

sharing to become routine while also developing a com-

» provide Member States with guidance to enhance their 
maritime surveillance capabilities, for example in the 

mon Concept of Operations ( “ConOps”) are more of an 

framework of the EU’s External Border Fund. 

impediment in this domain than the actual technological 

obstacles. 

Next steps:

An over-arching ConOps to create a structured system 

of integrated maritime management for a European 

Maritime Domain should also be considered. 

OPERAMAR recommends that an action plan and road-

map be developed for two reasons to: 

» encourage convergence of  member state, stakeholder 
and EU project efforts related to information sharing, 

co-ordination and management;

PARTNERS 

Thales Underwater Systems SAS (THALES)  
SELEX Sistemi Integrati S.p.A. (SELEX)  
Indra Sistemas S.A. (INDRA) 
Quintec Associates Ltd. (QUINTEC)  
The Alliance of Maritime Regional Interests in Europe (AMRIE)  
European Commission - Joint Research Centre (JRC)  
Istituto Affari Internazionali (IAI)  
Empresa de Serviços e Desenvolvimento de Software, S.A. (EDISOFT)  
STM Savunma Teknolojileri Muhendislik ve Ticaret A.S. (STM)  
Thales Systemes Aeroportes S.A. (TAS) 

COUNTRY

France
Italy
Spain
United Kingdom
Belgium
Belgium
Italy
Portugal
Turkey
France

304

PERSEUS /  Protection of European seas and borders through  
the intelligent use of surveillance

S
U
E
S
R
E
P
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Results 

261748

Total Cost   

€ 43,644,979.60

EU Contribution   

€ 27,847,579

Starting Date   

01/01/2011

End Date   

30/06/2015

INDRA SISTEMAS, S.A.

Security Systems

Av. de Bruselas, 35 

28108 Alcobendas (Madrid)  

Spain

Contact

Mr Fernando Barbero

Tel  : +34 91 2097937

Mobile  : +34 647 624 121

PERSEUS’ scope was three-fold, namely to:

Some 40 different technologies were tested and assessed, 

classified by maturity and proposed for uptake via a pro-

» design a system of systems architecture that integra-
tesexisting and upcoming surveillance systems, innova-

curement model.

tions within PERSEUS and those from other projects to 

The systems, assets and platforms used in real-life exer-

address complex security missions focusing on irregular 

cises included surveillance airplanes and drones of different 

migration and trafficking

» validate and demonstrate the system of systems Via 
six surveillance exercises in the Western and Eastern 

Mediterranean regions

size and coverage, coastal stations, mobile units, ad hoc 

communication networks developed for the purpose, and 

software applications for task orders, collection plans, event 

dispatching and reports. Also, a new concept of special-

ised autonomous underwater vehicles was applied to the 

surveillance of vessels for the first time. 

» strongly involve end users for a realistic step by step ap-
proach to reach an efficient operational cooperation among 

PERSEUS’ concept of asset management, including re-

the Member States while preserving national prerogatives;

transmission of information to national contact centres, 

Description of the work 

was implemented.  Demonstrations were oriented to the 

project’s two main missions: countering drug smuggling 

and irregular immigration, but also helping save lives at 

E-mail  : fbarbero@indra.es

PERSEUS’ work had to:

sea. For this purpose:

Website  :  

http ://www.perseus-fp7.eu/

» support a network of national contact centres and 
Frontex via a communications infrastructure and better 

surveillance capabilities;

a.  Outstanding results were achieved by the coast guards 

during the Western Mediterranean Campaign regarding 

the detection of small boats in high seas/pre-frontier 

» implement exchanges of information and other procedures 
to help create a common information sharing environment

areas.

b.  Similar experience was elicited during execution of the 

Eastern Campaign, where up to 13 different assets and 

» generate a common situational information picture 
(CSIP), offering tools for surveillance mission planning, 

technologies of maritime surveillance participated in the 

operational demonstration exercises, together with six 

decision and interception support, and quasi real-time 

different software applications.

sharing of information; 

» improve detection and identification of non collabo-
rative/suspicious small boats and low flying aircraft;

PERSEUS created a unique and extensible data model 

openly available to all stakeholders to interconnect ad-

ditional systems. This may constitute the base for further 

developments of a common maritime information sharing 

» enhance automated detection of abnormal vessel be-

environment that could integrate a complex array of infor-

haviours, identification of threats and tracking

mation provided by end users and technological partners. 

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Sea borders 
 
PERSEUS

305

This could pave the way to achieving a common informa-

» Several topics for H2020 calls were directly defined 

tion sharing environment (CISE), as envisioned by the EU.  

from PERSEUS’ “technological watch”. 

For example, a major result was the commitment and joint 

involvement of civilian and military bodies in the exercises 

» Experience derived from the project is also helping 

since PERSEUS enabled cross-sector exchanges of data – 

define the contents of future programmes. 

significant for progress towards CISE.

Ultimately, PERSEUS delivered a set of nearly 150 conclu-

» The methodologies, taxonomies and requirements 
developed in Perseus were applied to the “EUROSUR 

sions and recommendations, including quantitative and 

CONOPS for detecting and tracking small boats” and 

qualitative analysis which should serve as reference for 

to the specifications of the “Closeye” project. 

future European initiatives in the field over the coming years

With its set of exercises, PERSEUS helped outline nearly 80 

million euros of current and future EU investment in a criti-

cal area for Europe’s welfare regarding maritime security:

PARTNERS 

INDRA SISTEMAS S.A. (INDRA) 
EADS DEFENCE AND SECURITY SYSTEMS (EADS-DS) 
DCNS SA (DCNS) 
ENGINEERING INGEGNERIA INFORMATICA SPA (ENGINEERING) 
INGENIERA DE SISTEMAS PARA LA DEFENSA DE ESPANA SA (ISDEFE) 
EADS - CONSTRUCCIONES AERONAUTICAS S.A. (EADS-CASA) 
NATIONAL CENTER FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH “DEMOKRITOS” (NCSRD) 
GUARDIA CIVIL ESPAÑOLA (GUARDIA CIVIL) 
INSTITUTT FOR FREDSFORSKNING STIFTELSE (PRIO) 
SAAB AKTIEBOLAG (SAAB) 
SES ASTRA TECHCOM SA (SES-ASTRA) 
AJECO OY (AJECO) 
INTUILAB (INTUILAB) 
METEOSIM SL (METEOSIM) 
LUXSPACE SARL (LUXSPACE) 
SOFRESUD (SOFRESUD) 
INOV, INESC INOVAÇÃO, INSTITUTO DE NOVAS TECNOLOGIAS (INOV) 
SKYTEK LTD (SKYTEK) 
LAUREA-AMMATTIKORKEAKOULU OY (LAUREA) 
DFRC AG (DFRC) 
BOEING RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY EUROPE S.L. (BR&TE) 
ECORYS NEDERLAND B.V. (ECORYS) 
CORK INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (CIT) 
MINISTERE DE L’INTERIEUR, DE L’OUTREMER ET DES COLLECTIVITES TERRITORIALES DIRECTION  
DE LA DEFENSE ET DE LA SECURITE CIVILES (MOI FRANCE)  
FORÇA AÉREA PORTUGUESA (FAP) 
SATWAYS - PROIONTA KAI YPIRESIES TILEMATIKIS DIKTYAKON KAI TILEPIKINONIAKON  
EFARMOGON ETAIRIA PERIORISMENIS EFTHINIS EPE (SATWAYS) 
MINISTRY OF NATIONAL DEFENCE, GREECE (HMOD) 
NATO UNDERSEA RESEARCH CENTRE (NURC) 
MINISTRY OF CITIZENS PROTECTION (MCP-HCG) 

COUNTRY

Spain 
France
France
Italy
Spain
Spain
Greece
Spain
Norway
Sweden
Luxembourg
Finland
France
Spain
Luxembourg
France
Portugal
Ireland
Finland
Switzerland
Spain
The Netherlands
Ireland

France
Portugal

Greece
Greece
Italy
Greece

306

SEABILLA /  Sea border surveillance

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

l

e
t
t
e
o
C
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

241598

Total Cost   

€ 15,558,125.80

EU Contribution   

€ 9,841,603.55

Starting Date   

01/06/2010

End Date   

28/02/2014

SELEX SISTEMI  

INTEGRATI SPA

Via Tiburtina km 12,400, 

00131 Roma  

Italy

Contact

SeaBILLA aims to develop sea border surveillance ca-

SeaBILLA is a user-driven project and the user defined sce-

pabilities to address a number of perceived surveillance 

narios dictated the project work-plan in four project areas:

challenges in current critical EU regional theatres. The 

project seeks to:

Project Area 1 (SP1) - Capabilities Roadmap: for each of 

the above mentioned scenarios, very realistic “vignettes” 

» reduce the number of illegal immigrants attempting 

describing illegal actions have been outlined with the 

to enter the EU undetected;

authorities in charge; this baseline of operational require-

ment has been used to identify the required operational 

» increase internal security by contributing to the preven-

surveillance capabilities, surveillance systems solution, 

tion of cross-border crime;

for each scenario, and fill the gaps in legacy systems. 

» enhance search and rescue capabilities, especially to 
save more lives of migrants who attempt risky ways 

to cross the border.

Project Area 2 (SP2) – Surveillance segments improve-

ments: to increase the detection and tracking of small and 

non-reporting boats focusing airborne, space borne, land 

and sea based surveillance means available in the near 

Salvatore RAMPINO

SeaBILLA contributed to these objectives by studying, 

term or new application of existing solutions.

Tel : +39 06 4150 2407

developing and demonstrating cost-effective solutions for 

Mobile : +39 3357389405

extending, in general, the areas covered by surveillance, 

Project area 3 (SP3) - Sensors networking and informa-

Fax : +39 06 41502694

with special emphasis on:

E-mail :  

tion fusion: it addresses sensors networking, data fusion 

and high level processing techniques and solutions which 

srampino@selex-si.com

» open sea, where surveillance is currently limited to 

boost the operational capabilities through more effective 

Website  : www.seabilla.eu

areas with ongoing operations; 

exchanges of information, correlation tools, data mining 

» improving the capability to detect small and/or non-
reporting vessels typically used by immigrants and 

illegal traffickers;

engines, abnormal behavior detection etc. from both cur-

rently available but not fully exploited information, and 

from the improved sensor chains. 

» improving the capability to tracks, classify and identify 

tion. SeaBILLA partners, and in particular the associated 

Project Area 4 (SP4) – Trials, demonstrations and valida-

non-reporting vessels.

end-users, will evaluate the effectiveness of the SeaBILLA 

results of Project Area 2 and 3, through their integration 

and extensive simulation in laboratories to compare the 

achieved capabilities in the context of the various opera-

tional “vignettes” to measure the improvements respect to 

the current situation and selected demos on sites for single 

surveillance sensor or for a sub-set integrated solution.

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Sea borders 
 
 
 
Results 

4. Mediterranean Illegal Immigration 

In agreement with the end user community, Seabilla has 

5. English Channel Anti-terrorism

focused three main European sea areas (Atlantic, Eng-

lish Channel, Med) where to develop solution to counter 

6. English Channel Illegal immigration

specific threats. 

7. English Channel Drug trafficking

The following seven scenarios have been detailed:

1. Atlantic Drug Trafficking 

2. Atlantic Illegal Immigration 

3. Mediterranean Drug Trafficking 

a

l
l
i

b
a
e
S
©

PARTNERS 

SELEX Sistemi Integrati SPA (SSI) 
Alenia Aeronautica  
Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Telecomunicazioni (CNIT) 
BAE Systems (Operations) Ltd (BAES) 
Correlation Systems (CorrSys)  
Cassidian S.A.S. (EADS DS) 
Empresa de Serviços e Desenvolvimento de Software SA (EDISOFT)  
Eurocopter España (ECE) (ECE) 
Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI)  
Holland Institute of Traffic Technology BV (HITT Traffic)  
Indra Espacio S.A. (IE)  
Indra Sistemas S.A. (INDRA)  
European Commission - Joint Research Centre (JRC) 
Mondeca S.A. (Mondeca) 
Sagem Défense Sécurité (SAGEM) 
Space Applications Services N.V./S.A (SpaceApps) 
Thales Alenia Space Italia S.p.A. (TASI) 
Thales Defence Deutschland GmbH (TMSS) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
Telespazio S.p.A. (TPZ)  
Thales Systèmes Aéroportés S.A. (TSA) 
TTI Norte (TTI) 
University College London (UCL) 
Universidad de Murcia (UMU) 
University of Portsmouth Higher Education Corporation (UoP) 
Thales Alénia Space France (TASF) 
Thales Communications & Security S.A. (TCF) 

SEABILLA

307

COUNTRY

Italy
Italy
Italy
United Kingdom
Israel
France
Portugal
Spain
Sweden
The Netherlands
Spain
Spain
Belgium
France
France
Belgium
Italy
Germany
The Netherlands
Italy
France
Spain
United Kingdom
Spain
United Kingdom
France
France

 
308

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

s
n
e
b
u
R

t
r
e
b
r
e
H
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SUPPORT / Security UPgrade for PORTs

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

242112

Total Cost  

€14,629,279.69

EU Contribution  

€ 9,920,607.00

Starting Date  

01/07/2010

End Date  

30/06/2014

The project’s objective was to support stakeholder groups 

The work programme analyzed requirements regarding 

involved in the security of Europe’s major coastal and/

gap-and-threat scenarios, regulations and stakeholder 

or inland ports to build distributed cooperative secu-

security technology assessment and forecasting. The 

rity systems. SUPPORT optimized the interchange of 

output led to development of generic models for EU ports 

surveillance and administrative information and threat 

security. These were validated by operational experts 

alerts between port stakeholders, thus promoting a cost 

involved in SUPPORT and were used to help create a 

effective and multiple use of data in tailored decision 

‘European standardized approach for port security in-

support systems. 

formation exchange and training’. 

BMT GROUP LTD

SUPPORT’s solutions provide integrated state-of-the art 

The generic models were installed in SUPPORT’s reposi-

Research Directorate

surveillance/security systems for border control; assist 

tory of models and were subsequently used to create 

Goodrich House, 

port security operators in decision making; reflect the 

service registries for specific ports. These registries con-

1 Waldegrave Road

port’s organizational structure and operational modali-

tain the information that each port wishes to share on 

TW11 8LZ, Teddington, UK

ties; and ensure that differing legal and regulatory con-

a peer-to-peer basis. Each peer has its own view on the 

Contact

Jenny Gyngell

Tel  : 44 (0)1933 625958

Mobile  :  

+44 (0)7717 803105

Fax  : +44 (0)1933 625958  

E-mail  :  

jgyngell@bmtmail.com

Website  :  

www.support-project.eu

straints and standards for security are met in a cost 

total security information and hence its own tailored deci-

effective manner.

sion support system. The generic models also provided 

the basis for assessing existing systems and simulating 

appropriate upgrade solutions. 

Evaluation took place in terms of improvements to se-

curity performance and for cost benefit analysis.

Two full scale demonstrators were created, one repre-

senting a state-of-the-art situation and the other focused 

on typical conditions in European ports.  

The demonstrators simulated a full scale installation 

of the SUPORT platform that included integration with 

existing systems that helped measure the impact on the 

security and efficient operation of the ports. 

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Sea borders 
 
 
 
 
Results

SUPPORT delivered: 

» A “Port Security Management System” as a consoli-
dated and up-to-date self-assessment instrument for 

maritime security practitioners 

» A “Passive Sea Side Intrusion Detection” capability gear 

to surface and underwater targets

» Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) for active 

threat detection;

» Training and open-standards based tools to aid security 

upgrades in EU ports.

PARTNERS 

BMT Group (BMT) 
Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI) 
Securitas (Securitas) 
Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT) 
MARLO (Marlo) 
INLECOM Systems (ILS) 
MARINTEK (Marintek) 
Nautical Enterprise (NECL) 
STENA (Stena) 
eBOS Technologies (eBOS) 
University of Innsbruck (UIBK) 
Cargotec Port Security (CA) 
Maritime Administration of Latvia (MAL) 
INRIA (Inria) 
MARAC Electronics (ME) 
Port of Piraeus (PPA) 
EUROPHAR -EEIG Port of  Valencia - Marseille – Genoa (PV) 
ECO SLC (ECO SLC) 

SUPPORT

309

t
r
o
p
p
u
S
©

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
Sweden
Sweden
Finland
Norway
United Kingdom
Norway
Ireland
Sweden
Cyprus
Austria
Finland
Latvia
France
Greece
Greece
EU
The Netherlands

 
310

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

TRITON / Trusted Vessel Information from Trusted On-board 
Instrumentation

A
_
B
M
S
I
_
n
o
t
i
r
T
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

312687

Total Cost  

€ 2,151,993.60 

EU Contribution  

€ 1,533,099.00 

Starting Date  

01/12/2013

Duration  

24 months

The TRITON project mainly focuses on two objectives. 

A new awareness has grown across civilian and com-

The first is to develop a GPS/Galileo receiver impervious 

mercial maritime control stakeholders: that surveillance 

to intentional jamming and spoofing attacks; and the 

and safety systems may be under the attack of unin-

second is to enhance the robustness of the vessel-to-

tentional or malevolent players, whose aim is to bypass 

vessel and vessel-to-shore base station communication 

or manipulate control systems to obtain economic gain. 

links . More specifically, the project aims at:

The advances of mass-priced technology easily sold over 

the Internet make this a serious threat that maritime 

1.  Hardening on-board GNSS receivers against spoof-

authorities must has cope with. 

ing and jamming. Acknowledging the primary role of 

ISTITUTO SUPERIORE 

MARIO BOELLA (ISMB)

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) to support 

The TRITON project will research possible solutions to 

ship reporting systems, the project will focus on the 

such threats by focusing on enhanced trustworthiness 

Navigation Technologies 

GNSS-based positioning system which interfaces with 

of on-board instrumentation used to report vessel in-

Research Area 

Via P.C. Boggio 61

the on-board unit. The goal is to provide a “trusted” 

formation to the control organisms.

GNSS-based source of positioning and timing informa-

10138 – Torino – Italy

tion, robust against intentional jamming and spoofing 

The project starts with the analysis of the state of the 

Contact

Marco PINI  

Tel  : +39 011 2276436

attacks, while strenthening a vessel’s ship reporting 

art of ship reporting systems, identifying current risks 

system. 

of intentional interference. Such an analysis includes 

the definition of user requirements based on interviews 

Mobile  : +39 335 6443351

2.  Enhancing ship-to-ship and ship-to-shore communi-

of stakeholders, end users and experts in the maritime 

Fax  : +39 011 2276299 

cations. TRITON proposes to enforce AIS (automatic 

domain. The user requirements and the identified set 

E-mail  : pini@ismb.it

identification system) reliability and safety, by adding 

of risks will be critically analyzed to derive a set of 

Website  : 

a new communication channel in the ultra high fre-

specifications which, in turn, will guide the design and 

www.tritonproject.eu 

quency band. This will be based on layering a secure 

development of the GNSS and communication modules.  

communication module on top of the standard AIS 

transceiver. This module will exploit the “white spaces” 

The GNSS module will be built on top of a software re-

freed by analog TV, offering a broadband channel 

ceiver, able to detect jamming signals and mitigate GNSS 

that allows several services and enhancements to 

spoofing attacks. The countermeasures implemented in 

the current system. 

the GNSS module are complementary to those provided 

by GNSS Signal In Space (SIS) authentication. The GNSS 

module is connected to the robust communication mod-

ule, which includes a commercial AIS. The frequency 

diversity provided by the use of white spaces allows for 

secure mechanisms and a more robust communication 

in the very high frequency (VHF) segment. The analysis 

and design of the communication module takes into ac-

count the VHF Data Exchange System (VDES) introduced 

within the e-maritime framework. 

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Sea borders 
TRITON

311

In the last phase of the project, the team will have the 

as Automatic Information System (AIS) transponders, 

chance to test and demonstrate the developed technical 

a ship’s gyro calibration units and digital selective call-

solutions at the European Commission’s Joint Research 

ing systems.

Centre (JRC). 

TRITON (Trusted Vessel Information from Trusted On-

In addition to its technical work packages, the project 

board Instrumentation) focused on increased robustness 

foresees a deep analysis from a policy and regulation 

of position navigation and time (PNT) services and on 

perspective. This will provide guidelines to future mari-

enhancing the security of communication links between 

time applications as based on the benefits created by 

ships and ship-to-shore. Its analysis highlighted the gaps 

TRITON’s technologies and methods. TRITON also dedi-

that need to be filled to valided its proposed solutions 

cates a specific task to define a detailed action plan for 

via real operations. The TRITON team forumulated the 

commercialisation of its research results.

possible steps and improvements to arrive at commer-

Results

cial products. 

The project’s results were also used to derive policy and 

regulatory recommendations at EU and international 

level. Indeed, TRITON’s most important outcomes were 

Intentional jamming and spoofing attacks are growing 

its guidelines and recommendations, as summarised 

concerns for communication and positioning systems 
based on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs). 

in a white paper. These include both technical recom-
mendations, which can be used in the design of new 

In the maritime sector, intentional interfering signals 

ship reporting systems (SRS), and policy and regula-

might induce poor performance of the GNSS receiv-

tion guidelines, which can be a reference for the work 

ers, which, in severe cases, are unable to provide reli-

of authorities and agencies regulating maritime traffic 

able measurements. On board vessels, the failure of 

and applications.

a GNSS receiver propagates to multiple systems such 

PARTNERS 

Istituto Superiore Mario Boella (ISMB) 
Kongsberg Norcontrol IT (KNC) 
Acorde Technologies (ACORDE) 
7i Group (7iG) 
Alpha Consult (ALPHA) 
Granturco and Partners (G&P) 

COUNTRY

Italy
Norway
Spain
Sweden
Italy
Belgium

312

WIMAAS / Wide maritime area airborne surveillance 

S
A
A
M
W
©

I

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives 

217931

Total Cost  

€ 4,001,123 

EU Contribution  

€ 2,737,169 

Starting Date  

01/12/2008

End Date  

30/11/2011

WIMAAS aimed to assess the potential cost reduction, 

The notion of system covers the platforms, their sensors, 

efficiency and enhanced border control benefits for Eu-

airborne or ground Command and Control system to 

ropean maritime domain surveillance to be gained via 

coordinate PF tasks, to exploit data before transmission 

a large-scale integration of unmanned or otherwise re-

to SoS, and the communication system enabling data 

motely piloted airborne vehicles. The project explored 

exchange between platforms with crews, and between 

the application of such systems for tracking illegal im-

PF and SoS.

migration, illegal fishing, smuggling, pollution and ter-

rorist threats. 

Further research aimed to develop the multi-sensor con-

cepts required to integrate UAVs into existing maritime 

THALES SYSTEMES  

AEROPORTES S.A

The final outcome aimed to develop simulation models 

domain awareness processes.

based on operational scenarios, innovative concepts and 

25 Avenue Gustave Eiffel

technologies for unmanned systems, in-flight experi-

On board processing and fusion is analysed for observa-

FR-33608 Pessac

ments, a detailed cost benefit analysis and, finally, a 

tion payloads to reduce data throughput transmission, to 

France

Contact

roadmap for the wider use of unmanned aerial vehicles 

improve levels of automation, to decrease the amount 

(UAVs), including R&T priorities and future program sug-

of exchanged data and to reduce data link bandwidth, 

Gilles JURQUET

gestions.

Fax  : +33 (0)5 57 26 71 60

E-mail  : gilles.jurquet@

fr.thalesgroup.com

Results 

paving the way for miniaturisation of the airborne mis-

sion segment.

The Sensor and data fusion concepts on the ground ad-

Website  : www.wimaas.eu

The primary outcome of the project was the explora-

dress the definition of a solution to reach a level of situ-

tion of a future “system of systems” (SoS) architecture 

ation awareness, which allows the timely detection and 

incorporating UAVs to produce complete maritime do-

prevention of events threatening maritime security and 

main awareness. 

the environment. The challenge is rather to process and 

represent them in an intelligent and meaningful way to give 

The first step of the project was to gather and analyze 

sufficient information support to human decision-makers.

the future needs of potential End-Users in charge of 

maritime surveillance on European borders. End-user 

Dynamic tasking provides an aid to decide the path of aircraft 

consultations included 10 national and military authori-

in the area of interest. The issue is to dynamically plan the 

ties, plus Frontex. This led to the generation and simula-

path of the airborne platform in order to comply with the 

tion of scenarios such as drug trafficking between North 

mission objective (reach in a specified time an observation 

Africa and Spain, illegal fishing in the Aegean, illegal im-

position) periodically updated by real time detection or objects 

migration between Libya and Italy and a theoretical ter-

of interest generated by its own sensor or by an external 

rorist hijacking in the strait between Cyprus and Turkey. 

sensor. An algorithm has been developed and experimented.

WIMAAS was considered as a generic system including 

all airborne platforms (PF) in the maritime 3rd dimension. 

Security Research  Intelligent surveillance and border security / Sea borders 
 
WIMAAS

313

A crew concept was also developed to assess the person-

To facilitate further research into this, WIMAAS concluded 

nel requirements and workload management needed to 

with a cost estimate based on varying degrees of mis-

operate UAVs from a central base station. An optimal 

sion intensity and the use of multiple (up to 10) types of 

mission length and crew size was aggregated from a 

UAV platforms. These cost estimates, excluding training 

series of mission scenarios.

and maintenance expenses, can now form the basis of 

a policy assessment for implementing a wide maritime 

A communication study has defined an innovative archi-

area surveillance network based on UAVs.

tecture for complete data communications between air 

vehicles and the ground segment, introducing innovative 

access techniques and interfaces.

The project concludes that there is no single multi- 

purpose UAV platform capable of covering every altitude 

and maritime environment. A multi-platform category 

system-of-systems would be required. 

PARTNERS 

Thales Systemes Aeroportes S.A 
SELEX GALILEO 
Dassault Aviation 
SENER Ingeneria y Sistemas 
Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer-IITB) 
European Commission - Joint Research Centre (JRC) 
Air Force Institute of Technology 
EUROSENSE 
SATCOM1 Aps 
SETCCE 
Aerovisión Vehículos Aéreos S.L 
Thales Communications S.A. 
Mediterranean Academy of Diplomatic Studies 

COUNTRY

France
Italy
France
Spain
Sweden
Germany
Belgium
Poland
Belgium
Denmark
Slovenia
Spain
France
Malta

ANTIBOTABE / Neutralising antibodies against botulinum toxins 
A, B and E

314

E
B
A
t
o
B
i
t
n
A
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

241832 

Total Cost  

€ 3,896,416 

EU Contribution  

€2,966,386

Starting Date  

01/09/2010

End Date  

28/02/2015

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are the most toxic sub-

 like format) directed against heavy chains were tested 

stances currently known, and they are possible bioweap-

in in vitro and ex vivo assays, and the scFvs directed 

ons. Naturally-occurring food intoxications, though rare 

against the heavy chains were tested in vitro. For each 

but often severe, are still encountered and intoxication 

library, the most neutralising scFv was selected and 

due to the cosmetic use of an unapproved batch of 

super-humanised. The super-humanisation of NHP anti-

therapeutic BoNT has also been reported. Despite ex-

bodies has been described as an approach that decreases 

tensive research, no small synthetic specific molecule 

the potential immunogenicity of therapeutic antibodies. 

has been validated for therapeutic use against BoNTs. 

In effect, due to the physiology of the immune system, 

In Europe, the sole specific treatment relies on an old 

antibodies undergo affinity maturation processes, that 

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Ministère de la défense  

stockpile consisting in horse polyclonal antibodies, which 

bring mutations in antibody regions involved in toler-

(MLD)

is poorly tolerated. Recombinant antibodies are the most 

ance. These mutations cause differences between the 

Institut de Recherche 

successful class of therapeutic molecules of biologicals. 

human germline encoded segments, part of the immu-

Biomédicale des Armées 

The goal of AntiBotABE was to develop recombinant 

nological self, and those of the immunoglobulins G (IgG). 

(IRBA), Département des 

antibodies neutralising BoNT A, B and E, which are the 

We have shown that “super-humanisation” (also called 

Maladies Infectieuses, unité 

subtypes implicated in the majority of natural human-

“germline humanisation”) of NHP antibodies is possible, 

Interaction Hôte-Pathogène

intoxications. Antibodies against the heavy and light 

by reversing most of these mutations while respecting 

1 Place du Médecin Général 

chains of BoNT A, B and E were developed to obtain a 

the affinity. This process was applied to the 5 neutral-

Inspecteur Valérie André

synergistic effect.  

BP73

91220  Brétigny sur Orge, 

France.

Contact

AVRIL Arnaud  

Description of the work 

ising scFvs isolated in the course of the project. In the 

third part of the project, neutralising, super-humanised 

scFvs were expressed as full-sized IgGs and tested in 

a standardised protection model to verify their efficacy 

against several strains and toxin subtypes of BoNT/A, B 

and E. At various steps of the project, our results were 

Tel  : + 33 (0)1 78 65 10 72

This project started with the immunisation of 6 non-

communicated to the first responders more particularly 

Fax  : + 33 (0)1 78 65 19 60

human primates (NHP) with non-toxic recombinant pro-

involved against bio-threats

E-mail  : arnaud.avril@irba.fr

teins, representing the light or heavy chains of BoNT A, 

Website  : www.antibotabe.eu

B and E. The lymphocytes of NHPs immunised up to a 

high titer with these immunogens, were used for the con-

struction of six immune phage-displayed libraries. These 

libraries were screened to isolate high-affinity antibody 

fragments (scFvs), which are considered as human-like 

due to the high identity between non-human primates 

(NHP) and human antibodies. ScFvs cross-reacting with 

the subtype A1 and A2, and B1 and B2, were isolated 

with a specially-designed panning procedure. To test 

for neutralisation capacities, scFvs or scFv-Fc (an IgG 

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / CBRN ResponseInformation 
 
 
ANTIBOTABE

315

Results

AntibotABE thus developed successfully a recombinant, 

Currently, 

the  clinical  and 

regulatory  de-

protective human-like antibody cocktail against A, B and 

velopment  of 

the  antibodies 

is  planned.  

E botulinum toxins.

Five IgGs were produced targeting the light or heavy 

onstrate the antibody development process which can 

chain of Botulinum toxins A, B and E. The IgGs were 

now be applied to a wide range of therapeutic application.

In addition, AntibotABE has allowed to successfully dem-

proven to be protective in non-lethal and lethal in vivo 

assays in mice. They showed a strong synergistic effect 

when combining an anti-heavy and an anti-light chain 

antibody directed against the same BoNT serotype.

PARTNERS 

Ministère de la défense (MLD) 
Technische Universitaet Braunschweig (TUBS) 
Institut Pasteur (Pasteur) 
Medicines and healthcare products regulatory agency (MHRA) 
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 
LFB Biotechnologies (LFB) 
Helsingin Yliopisto (UoH) 
Absiskey (Absiskey) 

COUNTRY

France
Germany
France
United Kingdom
France
France
Finland
France

 
316

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

i

-
r
e
k
c
e
d
n
W
y
m
m
o
T
©

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

BOOSTER / Bio-dosimetric tools for triage to responders

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Results

242361

Total Cost  

€ 4,583,559.24 

EU Contribution  

€ 3,284,291

Starting Date  

01/07/2010

End Date  

30/06/2013

The effective management of an event involving the 

The BOOSTER project developed a global and unique 

exposure of numerous people to radioactive material, 

toolbox for:

whether accidental or following a malevolent act, re-

quires a mechanism for the rapid triage of exposed 

» quickly assessing the radiological situation in the field, 

individuals.

BOOSTER aims to develop new bio-dosimetric tools and 

to integrate them into a toolbox to quickly evaluate the 

» evaluating the radiological dose received by each victim 
and the toxicity of products used during the attack,

COMMISSARIAT 

and allow for an efficient triage of exposed people. 

individuals. 

level of potential casualties after a radiological event, 

» speeding up the categorization and triage of exposed 

A L’ENERGIE ATOMIQUE 

ET AUX ENERGIES 

ALTERNATIVES

The project’s objectives were: rapid evaluation of radio-

It also allows for potential follow-up material for medical 

logical incidents by sensors and retrospective dosimetry, 

staff in the medium/long term after an event.

CEA LIST – Digiteo Labs

development of new fast-acting biodosimetric sensors 

91 191 Gif-sur-Yvette

and adaptation of existing methods and devices, and the 

FRANCE

Contact

integration of all sensors in a portable toolbox usable by 

first responders, and for the training of first responders.

Marie-France ROBBE

Tel  : +33 (0) 1 69 08 87 49

Fax  : +33 (0) 1 69 08 60 30

E-mail  :  

marie-france.robbe@cea.fr 

Description of the work 

Website  :  

The BOOSTER System architecture was conceived to fit 

http://www.booster-project.org/

current procedures for radiological crisis management, 

based on the definition of different areas. The exclusion 

and controlled areas are defined from the radioactivity 

levels measured. The equipment used in the controlled 

area allows the cartography of the radiological situation: 

dose-rate-meters (Colibri & GPS-COM) for real time ra-

diological measurements, rugged PDA for live information 

from first responders, gamma camera (Gampix) for hot 

spot location, and portable detector (FALCON 5000) for 

identification of radionuclides.

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / CBRN ResponseInformation 
 
 
BOOSTER

317

PARTNERS 

Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives 
AREVA CANBERRA 
Hungarian Atomic Energy Authority 
Center for Energy Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences 
Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) 
National University of Ireland, Galway (NUI Galway) 
Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV) 

COUNTRY

France 
France
Hungary
Hungary
Germany
Ireland
Spain

318

s
e
g
a
m

I

y
t
t
e
G
-

i

t
n
e
c
n
V
o
n
u
r
B
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

CATO / CBRN crisis management : Architecture, Technologies and 
Operational procedures

261693

Total Cost  

€ 14,148,292.23

EU Contribution  

€ 10,278,062

Starting Date  

01/01/2012

Duration  

36 months

NESS A.T LTD

Ness Technologies and 

Systems Group (TSG)

Kiryat Atidim

P.O.B. 58180

Contact

Victor Remez PhD.

Tel  : +972 3 5483664

Mobile  : +972 52 6076516

Fax  : +972 3 5483578

E-mail  :  

Cato-coordinator@eurtd.com 

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

» To deliver a comprehensive Toolbox addressing the 
needs of all stakeholders : Policy Makers, Incident Manag-
ers, Healthcare providers, the Population and Responders.

» SP 2 “CBRN Expertise” gathers the CBRN scientific 
experts together, to support the project with advice on 

hazardous materials, and systematically collect and 

provide best practice references;

» SP 3 “CATO Core and Knowledge Base” focuses on 

CATO addresses the entire disaster life cycle : prepar-

the central architecture of the CATO system;

edness, monitoring and detection (alerts and early 

assessment), response and recovery;

» To develop a flexible, open, and innovative ap-
proach to cope with the issue of fragmentation between 
current approaches, systems, and organisational set up.

» SP 4 “Algorithms” focuses on CBRN algorithms for 
data and information fusion, threat detection, propaga-

tion & evaluation, holistic situation assessment and 

decision support; 

The CATO Toolbox should provide the means to build a 

» SP 5 “CATO Interfaces” covers both the user and the 
system interfaces providing the basic infrastructure 

dedicated customised DSS (Decision Support System) 

for interoperability with existing systems;

Tel Aviv 61581, Israel

adapted to local and national organisational, political 

and financial constraints as well as different levels of 

exposure to CBRN threats;

» SP 6 “Integration” puts together the CATO Labora-
tory to validate the CATO approach with users and the 

» To create an Open DSS-Architecture for the CATO 
CBRN Toolbox to be adaptable to the specific context 
of the CATO-DSS’s owner;

Website  : www.cato-project.eu

» To Focus on Users and Organisational Learning :

CATO Proof of Concept;

» SP 7 “Dissemination” aims to build a dedicated user 
and expert community, and establish a regular and 

deep dialogue with this community;

» SP 8 is dedicated to Management.

CATO is to set up a CATO Laboratory, a simulation 
based environment where Policy Makers can see sce-

CATO pursues several strands creating a virtuous learning 

narios in action, evaluate their impact and develop 

process :

strategies, and CBRN experts can validate and dem-

onstrate new CBRN scenarios etc.

Description of the work 

» Dialogue on CBRN crisis management between stake-
holders and experts, leading to a deeper understanding 

of the issues at stake and influencing the developments. 

CATO, by design, will be open to collaboration with third 

CATO is organised in 8 Sub-Projects (SPs):

parties on a mutual benefit basis. CATO expects progres-

» SP 1 “Planning, Response & Ethics” gathers the 
main effort from the “user partners” and provides re-

quirements and feedback through validation & testing; 

sively to have access to a broad range of results in return 

for access to the CATO Toolbox;

» Development of sub-systems of the CATO Toolbox; 

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / CBRN Response 
 
 
 
 
CATO

319

» Research activities in exploiting written input from the 
population, correlating multiple data analysis of fuzzy 

up with an innovative and comprehensive answer to the 

diversity of organisational set-ups and legacy systems 

data, and data and information fusion;

for emergency preparedness and management (ICT, 

» Implementation of a first prototype DSS which will serve 

equipment, sensors, etc.).

several purposes :
•  Allow for the validation of the CATO approach with 

different CBRN scenarios;

•  The “field based proof of concept” will allow the CATO 
project to test the CATO approach for the entire life 

cycle and especially the debriefing and “feedback” 

The project developed a comprehensive open toolbox for 

dealing with CBRN crises stemming from terrorist attacks 

using non-conventional weapons or against facilities 

with CBRN material. 

added into the CATO knowledge base; 

The toolbox meets the needs of the five major categories 

•  The CATO Laboratory will provide a strong basis for 
validation, testing, dissemination and future ex-
ploitation of results; 

of stakeholders: policy makers, incident managers, health 

services, first responders and the general population. 

• A continuous stream of dialogue with the stakeholder 

For each of these, CATO addressed the entire disaster life 

community.

Results

The  CATO  project  addressed  the  key  CBRN  incident 

cycle, focusing on preparedness, detection and response. 

CATO will enable those countries which adopt its toolbox 

to develop plans and responses and to put them into 
operational use in case of a CBRN incident, by combin-

management challenge, namely the fragmentation of 

ing holistic assessment capabilities, integrated decision 

doctrines, knowledge, processes and systems. CATO came 

support and CBRN expertise.

PARTNERS 

Ness A.T. Ltd. (Ness TSG) 
VectorCommand Ltd (VCL) 
Police National CBRN Centre (PNCBRNC) 
Prolog Development Center (PDC) 
Technical University of Denmark (DTU) 
Danish Emergency Management Agency (DEMA) 
Studiecentrum voor Kernenergie/Centre d’Etude de l’Energie Nucléaire (SCK-CEN) 
ARTTIC (ART) 
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) 
Service de Santé des Armées (SSA) 
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer) 
Centre for European Security Studies (CESS) 
Robert Koch Institute (RKI) 
Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald (EMAUG) 
Helmholtz Zentrum München Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH) (HMGU) 
Hospital University of Bonn (UKB) 
University of Jyväskylä (JyU) 
Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT) 
University of Salzburg (PLUS) 
National Radiation Protection Institute (SURO) 
VÚJE Trnava (VUJE) 
Inconnect (INCONNECT) 
Magen David Adom (MDA) 
Center for Science Society and Citizenship (CSSC) 
Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO) 

COUNTRY

Israel
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Denmark
Denmark
Denmark
Belgium
France
France
France
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
Finland
Finland
Austria
Czech Republic
Slovakia
The Netherlands
Israel
Italy
Norway

320

COUNTERFOG / Device for large scale fog decontamination

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

312804

Total Cost  

€4,417,089.40  

EU Contribution  

€3,471,992.70 

Starting Date  

01/11/2013

Duration  

48 months

COUNTERFOG will design, build and test a rapid response 

Computer aided engineering tools, the most recent manu-

system for combating dispersed CBRN agents by using 

facturing techniques and new materials are combined 

a fog made of a solution that could eventually contain 

to design and build a “COUNTERFOG” generator able to 

any kind of neutralizing component. It should not only 

produce an efficient neutralizing/decontaminating fog. 

be suitable to be “incorporated” into a fog fire protec-

tion system in buildings, but also be able to be used 

 A laboratory for testing the fog dynamics will be designed 

in open air conditions. It is intended to provide a very 

and built as well. This will be used for experiments to 

fast and early response, greatly reducing the number 

determine the fog dynamics, fog dynamic interaction, 

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

UNIVERSIDAD DE ALCALA 

of potential fatalities. 

condensation and neutralization with fogged decontami-

nates. It includes testing the harmfulness of the best 

(UAH)

It is intrinsically an environmental-friendly and electric-

decontaminants using small laboratory animals.

Departamento de Teoría de 

compatible system. It would have three benefits: First, 

la Señal y  

Telecomunicaciones

Escuela Politécnica  

neutralizing and collapsing the CBRN cloud, second, 

Other auxiliary technologies will be also developed as 

rapidly decontaminating all the affected people in that 

a simple sensor for monitoring the progress of the de-

area, and finally, rapidly decontaminating any equipment 

contamination or new agents particularly useful for this 

Superior. Campus externo 

and the facility itself. It will be possible to counteract a 

kind of system. 

N-II km 33,600 

CBRN cloud in large, open areas. 

28805 - Alcalá de Henares 

Spain

Contact

A Fog Dynamic Laboratory will be designed, built and 

a second one will be installed in a large building. Finally, 

used in the project to test the ability such a system 

full scale tests both in a large building and at open-air 

A system prototype will be installed onboard a truck and 

JOSÉ LUIS PÉREZ-DÍAZ  

has to condense different kinds of smokes, clouds or 

sites will be completed.

Tel  : +34 918856746  

fogs and its ability to simultaneously neutralize different 

Fax  : +34 616689298

kinds of CBRN agents and combined incidents. A portable 

E-mail  : Jl.perezd@uah.es  

prototype will also be developed for full scale tests.

Website  : www.counterfog.eu

This project will also determine the best neutralizing 

agents and will characterize the effects and performance 

of the system.  Eventually, the real applicability, side ef-

fects and compatibility with conventional fire protection 

Results

facilities will also investigated.

Counterfog was developed to provide a rapid-response 

vehicle to counter the disbursement of air-borne agents. 

The latter include chemical, biological, radiological and 

nuclear (CBRN) agents, as well as  solid micro-particles 

such as those generated by diesel engines and other 

non-exhaust traffic particles. 

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / CBRN ResponseInformationCOUNTERFOG

321

Originally developed to combat CBRN agents in case of 

mass to aggregate the particles. Counterfog is also 

a terrorist attack or accidental release, the technology 

able to provide and disperse catalytic nanostructured 

can also be used to remove contaminating particles re-

TiO2 micro-particles which effectively decompose any 

sponsible for the spread of respiratory diseases in highly 

chemical agent. The optimal size of Counterfog drop-

polluted cities. It has also proved capable of removing 

lets minimises the volume of the waste to be collected 

noxious small air-borne particles, spores or bacteria in 

afterwards. Counterfog has been demonstrated in fixed, 

just minutes. 

portable and deployable versions.

Counterfog uses water and compressed air to create a jet 

Counterfog is environmentally friendly due to its use 

of fog consisting of micron-sized droplets. These collide 

of harmless substances and its minimisation of waste. 

with noxious particles in the air, aggregating them and 

Finally, in testing, the Counterfog system showed no 

causing them to drop or adhere to surfaces.

impact on mice, leading us to believe that it is harmless 

to the environment.

Size is key. If liquid droplets are too big, particles flow 

around them. If too small, they would not have enough 

PARTNERS 

Universidad de Alcalá (UAH)  
University of Strathclyde (STR)  
Institute of Solid State Physics. Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (BAS)  
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT)  
Institute of Inorganic Chemistry. Academy of Sciences of Czech Republic (IIC)  
Consilium Marine & Safety AB (CONSILIUM)  
BPE e.K. (BPE)  
Sección Española de la Asociación Europea de Ferroviarios (AEC-ES)  
Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M)  
Vojensky Vyzumny Ustav SP (VVU)  

COUNTRY

Spain  
United Kingdom  
Bulgaria  
Spain  
Czech Republic  
Sweden  
Germany  
Spain  
Spain  
Czech Republic  

322

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

s
r
e
g
d
o
R

n
e
r
o
L
©

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

FRESP / Advanced first response respiratory protection

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Specific tasks have been selected in order  

to meet project objectives  :

218138

Total Cost  

€ 4,074,891.01

EU Contribution 

€ 3,029,967 

Starting Date  

01/06/2008

End Date  

31/05/2012

ECOLE ROYALE

MILITAIRE -  

KONINKLIJKE

Protection against terrorism is one of the major issues of 

this programme. If an incident occurs, despite precautions 

» Nanoporous adsorbent development 

taken to prevent incidents at all, it is important to reduce 

the consequences, i.e. to minimise the effects of chemi-

cal, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) attacks. 

•  Development of nanoporous adsorbent materials with 
increased protection against toxic industrial chemicals 

(TIC) such as ammonia and highly volatile organics, 

The objective of the project is to create the network of 

chemical warfare agents, radiological and biological 

scientists and research institutions, who will develop a 

threats;

broad-spectrum, low-burden, tailor-made nanoporous 

adsorbent, with the aim to integrate the two main areas 

• Development of materials with low burden in weight 

of protection (versus chemical warfare agents and versus 

and breathing resistance;

toxic industrial chemicals) without a significant loss of 

MILITAIRE SCHOOL

capacity in either of them. It will also integrate features 

Avenue de la Renaissance 30

that are not at all (certainly not explicitly) available in the 

• Health  and  safety  examination  of  the  sorbents  
(flammability, ecotoxicity, mechanical resistance, etc.).

BE-1000 Brussels

current state-of-the-art adsorbents : protection against 

Belgium

Contact

radioactive gases and against biological threats. 

» Evaluation  and  optimisation  of  adsorbent  

performance

Dr. Peter Lodewyckx

This integration requires an in-depth study of mutual 

Royal Military Academy – 

effects of impregnates and impregnation methods, as 

Establishment of the relation between the structural 

DEAO

well as ways to diminish the deleterious effect of water 

characteristics and interfacial properties of the adsor-

E-mail  : Peter.Lodewyckx@

vapour on the adsorption capacity. Moreover, the pos-

bent’s performance. Application of Model Predictive 

rma.ac.be 

sibility of a commercialisation procedure for the new 

Control (MPC) to optimise the preparation conditions 

Website  : www.rma.ac.be/

adsorbents will be investigated.

in order to achieve the required optimum structure and 

fp7-fresp

Description of the work

performance.

» System development

The primary goal of this project is the development of 

broad-spectrum low-burden respiratory protection sys-

Development of a new gas mask canister and protective 

tems for first responders. The first step in this process is 

hood, both based on the new nanoporous adsorbent.

developing novel nanoporous sorbents, combined with 

new or existing types of additives for chemisorption, 

possibly in combination with catalytic conversion, to 

neutralise weakly adsorbed components. The new na-

noporous adsorbents and additives can be integrated or 

can be combined in mixtures or separate layers. 

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / CBRN ResponseInformation 
 
 
 
FRESP

323

» System  evaluation  and  optimisation  of  the  

Results

performance

• Determination of the optimum charac teristics for the 

website http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/security.

The results of the project are available on the CORDIS 

advanced respiratory protection systems;

• Optimisation of the filter and hood systems.

» Economic  feasibility  and  manufacturability,  

exploitation and dissemination, IPR policy

Examination of viability of a full scale production of the 

nanoporous adsorbent, the filter canister and the hood.

PARTNERS 

Ecole Royale Militaire - Koninklijke Militaire School (RMA)  
Budapest University of Technology and Economics (BME) 
University of Brighton (UoB) 
University of Alicante (UALI) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
High Technology Filters s.a. (HTF) 
MAST Carbon (MAST) 
NORIT Nederland B.V (NORIT) 
Laser Optical Engineering Ltd. (LOE) 
ProQares BV (ProQares) 

COUNTRY

Belgium
Hungary
United Kingdom
Spain
The Netherlands
Greece
United Kingdom
The Netherlands
United Kingdom
The Netherlands

324

T
C
A
E
R
F
I

©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

IFREACT / Improved First Responder Ensembles Against CBRN Terrorism

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

285034

Total Cost  

€ 5,475,980.60

EU Contribution  

€ 3,394,615.40

Starting Date  

01/01/2012

End Date  

31/12/2014

IFREACT aimed to provide the next generation of protec-

The protective system provided added functionality 

tive clothing for first responders. Bringing together lead-

regarding the C4I needs of the first responder. Typical 

ing protective technology and blending it with some of 

tactical needs such as communication, (indoor) localisa-

the latest software, it enhanced the chemical, biological 

tion & situational awareness, were enabled by affordable, 

and radiological protection of European first respond-

robust and easy to use technology. Wearability, graceful 

ers. European major cities continue to face the threat 

degradation and logistics dictated innovative approaches 

of terrorism and, in the near future, may be subject to 

to the material as well as to the system level ;

a serious chemical, biological or radiological terrorist 

UNIVERSITE PARIS  

XII- VAL DE MARNE 

attack. When the time comes it will be the brave men 

The suit was configured as a platform that carries the 

and women of the various emergency services who will 

energy and the connections to the components of the 

answer the call – and they need to be adequately pro-

sensor subsystem. The sensors itself was housed in 

SAMU 94

tected and prepared.

51 Avenue de Lattre de 

Tassigny

94000, Creteil, France

Description of the work 

the suit as well as in the respirator, depending on their 

function. The configuration of the system enabled other 

/ new energy cells and sensors to be connected when-

ever required;

Contact

The consortium delivered qualitative and quantitative 

Dr. Catherine Bertrand

evaluation of existing Personal Protective Equipment 

This platform has been interfaced with the external in-

Tel  : +33 1 45 17 95 29 

(PPE) by both a laboratory and end-users and focused 

frastructure to get extra capabilities/situation awareness 

Mobile  : + 33 6 82 82 24 11

its research on the most emergent threats in order to 

without constraints and cost as regards the suit itself. 

Fax  : + 33 1 45 17 95 30

best fulfil the needs of those end-users who are in the 

E-mail  : catherine.bertrand@

greatest need of protection from both terrorist and non-

Moreover, the project developed a platform that allows 

hmn.aphp.fr

terrorist related crises. Once this preparatory work had 

end-users and procurement staff to best select the PPE 

Website  : www.ifreact.eu

been completed, it was tempered by direct feedback 

system needed for the mission of the first responder and 

from the user community, and the team began to work 

the expected threat.

on prototype ensembles that : 

» address the real protection needs of conventional us-
ers, with regards to both the level of protection and 

its total capacity;

» provide adequate protection, while keeping the burden 

of the system as low as possible;

» include solutions for hand and foot protection, whilst 
taking safety, ergonomic and logistic aspects of the 

conventional user group into consideration;

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / CBRN Response 
Results

integrating communication devices (audio/voice, images, 

text, etc.) will give EU first responders high situational 

Major EU cities continue to face the threat of terrorism 

awareness and agility. It also comprises a miniature 

and in the near future, may be subject to serious chemi-

integrated bio-collector and a PPE selection tool. Labo-

cal, biological, or radiological terrorist attacks. 

ratory and field tests proved the level of protection and 

IFREACT succeeded in providing the next generation of 

protective clothing for civilian first responders integrating 

http://www.dailymotion.com/video/x2hedey_projet-

the latest knowledge and needs of end users. IFREACT 

europeen-ifreact-vostfr_school

usability of the ensembles.

created highly protective and user-friendly ensembles (a 

combination of three types of airway protection includ-

ing an innovative one-size overpressure hood and three 

types of skin protection). 

Bringing together leading protective technology,  (Sara-

toga air-permeable material) providing  low physiological 

burden, and combining it with some of latest software, 

PARTNERS 

Universite Paris XII- Val de Marne (SAMU) 
IB Consultancy BV (IBC) 
NBC-SYS SAS (NBC Sys) 
Blücher GmbH (Blücher) 
Astrium SAS (Astrium) 
Falcon Communications Limited (CBRNe World) 
Bertin Technologies SAS (Bertin) 
Statni Ustav Jaderne, Chemicke a Biologicke Ochrany vvi (SUJCHBO ) 
Drzavna Uprava za Zastitu i Spasavanje (DUZS) 
Prometech BV (Prometech ) 
Hotzone Solutions Benelux (Hotzone Solutions) 

IFREACT

325

COUNTRY

France
The Netherlands
France
Germany
France
United Kingdom
France
Czech Republic
Croatia
The Netherlands
The Netherlands

326

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

MIRACLE / MobIle Laboratory for the Rapid Assessment of CBRN 
Threats Located within and outside the EU

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

312885

Total Cost  

€ 1,420,617.05

EU Contribution  

€ 1,130,605.00

Starting Date  

01/12/2013

End Date  

31/05/2015

UNIVERSITÉ  

CATHOLIQUE DE  

LOUVAIN (UCL)  

In case of major intentional, accidental or natural CBRN 

A set of scenarios were developed in which a mobile 

incidents, the speedy detection and identification of 

laboratory capacity would be of added value. The sce-

agents on scene are crucial to ensure adequate risk 

narios were divided by agent (C, B or RN) and location 

assessment, optimal risk management, and proper coun-

(within or outside the EU). For each scenario, the crite-

ter measures. Consequently, a determining factor is to 

ria used to elaborate on the development of a mobile 

bring a rapidly deployable CRBN diagnostic and forensic 

capacity was the potential cross-border impact of the 

capacity as close as possible to the crisis area.

CBRN incident and the potential added value of a rapidly 

deployable capacity (no matter in what form). Accord-

However, there are many different ways to develop 

ingly, we defined and analysed the type of missions of a 

mobile capacities as a countermeasure in case of a 

deployable capacity according to a set of eight scenarios 

CBRN-event. In that respect, the C, B, or RN specificity 

of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear cross-

of the threat is of paramount importance, as is the 

border incidents within and outside Europe. 

Centre de Technologies 

possibility to have scalable capacities and joint multi-

Moléculaires Appliquées 

national intervention. 

(CTMA)

A state of the art of existing capacities within the EU, and 

a gap analysis were carried out to identify actions for 

Clos Chapelle-Aux-Champs

The objective of MIRACLE was to harmonise the defini-

improvement and to assess the best possible organisa-

UCL- B1.30.24

tion of a mobile CBRN laboratory, define the needs, and 

tional and operational architectures that enable sustain-

1200 – Brussels - Belgium

subsequently provide solutions for the deployment of 

ability at optimal costs for society. The role of national 

Contact

GALA JEAN-LUC  

Tel  : +32 2 764 33 32  

       +32 2 764 33 65 

Mobile  : +32 495 59 78 13 

Fax  : +32 2 764 31 66

E-mail  :  

Jean-luc.gala@uclouvain.be

Website  :  

http://www.uclouvain.be/

ctma.htlm

this capacity within and outside the EU.

or international regulatory authorities and agencies was 

reviewed to assess who should be the stakeholders of 

CBRN mobile capacities, and how to coordinate activities 

and EU mechanisms of CBRN crisis management. The 

interface with existing EU capabilities and expertise was 

taken into consideration. A strong emphasis was put on 

other synergistic EU and non-EU projects. 

Practicalities (i.e., structures, equipment and functions in-

cluding operational procedures, communication, logistics, 

forensics and related legal issues) were assessed with 

technological suppliers and end-users. Building partner-

ships and cooperation with interested stakeholders (e.g., 

EU key actors, nations within and outside the EU in strong 

demand for this type of capacity) was a specific task 

dedicated to the dissemination of the MIRACLE project.

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / CBRN ResponseMIRACLE

327

Results

References:

The project’s outcome was a set of deliverables describing 

» Long version:  D6_3 Recommendations 

the needs and solutions for a mobile CBRN laboratory 

capacity and the proposal of a flexible evidence-based 

» Short  version:  Short-Position  Paper_MIRA-

mobile CBRN laboratory architecture that was scalable, 

CLE-2015-10-28

modular,  and  interoperable  if  requited  by  the  type, 

location, magnitude and length of the crisis. 

Recommendations were provided and formulated in a 

position paper (short and long versions available) written 

according to policy-maker requirements. Both versions 

(see reference hereafter) are open access and can be 

downloaded from http://www.uclouvain.be/ctma

PARTNERS 

Université catholique de Louvain (UCL) 
Astrium SAS (AST) 
Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology (IMB) 
Forsvarets forskningsinstitutt (FFI) 
Totalforsvarets forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
 Nederlands Forensisch Instituut (NFI) 
Health Canada (PHAC) 
Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) 
National Institute of Public Health & the Environment /  RijksInstituut voor Volksgenzondheid en Milieu  (RIVM) 

COUNTRY

Belgium 
France
Germany
Norway
Sweden
The Netherlands
Canada
United Kingdom
The Netherlands

MULTIBIODOSE / Multi-disciplinary biodosimetric tools to 
manage high scale radiological casualties

328

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

s
e
g
a
m
ffi
o
r

l

©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

241536

Total Cost  

€ 4,580,243.01 

EU Contribution  

€ 3,493,199 

Starting Date 

01/05/2010

End Date  

30/04/2013

In the event of a large scale radiological emergency, 

One work package (WP) will be devoted to each tool. 

biological dosimetry is an essential tool that can provide 

Starting with the state of the art, each tool will be vali-

timely assessment of radiation exposure to the general 

dated and adapted to the conditions of a mass casualty 

population and enable the identification of those exposed 

situation. A training programme will be carried out where 

people who should receive immediate medical treat-

appropriate and automation as well as commercial ex-

ment. A number of biodosimetric tools are potentially 

ploitation of the tools will be investigated and pursued. 

available, but they must be adapted and tested for a 

Towards the end of the project, a comparative analysis 

large-scale emergency scenario. These methods differ in 

of the tools will be carried out with respect to their 

their specificity and sensitivity to radiation, the stability 

sensitivity, specificity and speed of performance. Future 

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY 

of signal and the speed of performance. A large scale 

training programmes will be developed. Two additional 

CENTRE FOR RADIATION 

radiological emergency can take different forms. Based 

WPs will deal with : (1) the development of an integrated 

PROTECTION RESEARCH

on the emergency scenario different biodosimetric tools 

statistical software tool that will allow fast interpreta-

Department of Genetics, 

should be applied so that the dosimetric information can 

tion of results, and (2) the development of a guidance 

Microbiology and Toxicology 

be made available with optimal speed and precision.

document, based on the TMT handbook, regarding the 

Stockholm University 

Svante Arrhenius väg 20C

106 91 Stockholm  

Sweden

Contact

Andrzej Wojcik

Tel  : +46 8 16 1217

Mobile : +46 762 122 744

Fax  : +46 8 16 4315 

E-mail  :  

andrzej.wojcik@gmt.su.se

Website  :  

www.multibiodose.eu

logistics of biodosimetric triage in a large scale accident 

and decision making regarding the methods best suitable 

for a given accident scenario. Moreover, a programme 

of disseminating the results among European emer-

gency preparedness and radiation protection authorities 

will be carried out, so that the functional laboratories 

and networks can be easily contacted in the case of 

an emergency. 

The project beneficiaries will be supported by an advisory 

committee that will include experts in bio-dosimetric 

tools and management of radiation accidents.

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / CBRN ResponseInformation 
 
 
MULTIBIODOSE

329

Results 

RENEB is to establish a sustainable European network 

in biological dosimetry involving laboratories and or-

The MULTIBIODOSE project analysed and adapted a variety 

ganisations from 16 countries that can support a coor-

of biodosimetric tools for assessing radiation exposure 

dinated response in case of major nuclear or radiological 

to the general population and enabling the identification 

emergency in Europe. All MULTIBIODOSE partners are 

of those exposed who should receive medical treatment. 

members of RENEB, and all biodosimetric tools developed 

and validated in MULTIBIODOSE are also included in the 

The following biodosimetric tools were tested: dicen-

network. Within RENEB an exercise and training program 

tric assay, micronucleus assay, gamma-H2AX assay, 

was developed that will be pursued in the future.

blood  serum  protein  expression  assay  and  electron 

paramagnetic resonance (EPR)/optically stimulated lu-

The project also produced a software package for in-

minescence (OSL) dosimetry in components of pocket 

tegrated statistical analysis of data from each of the 

electronic devices. 

assays described. Full details of the software functions 

are given in the manual which is available for download, 

The project also established a biodosimetric network 

using the software from the web page of MULTIBIODOSE. 

called “Realizing the European Network of Biodosimetry” 

The software and manual were finalised and tested with 

(RENEB), which kicked off January 2012. The goal of 

the assistance of all project participants. 

PARTNERS 

Stockholm University Centre For Radiation Protection Research (SU) 
Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz (BfS) 
Universiteit Gent (UGent) 
Health Protection Agency (HPA)  
Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) 
Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS) 
Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority (NRPA) 
Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority (STUK) 
Westlakes Scientific Consulting (WSC) 
Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB) 
Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology (INCT) 
Helmholtz Zentrum München (HMGU) 
Bundeswehr Institut für Radiobiologie in Verbindung mit der Universität Ulm (UULM) 
University of Oxford (UOXF) 
EURADOS (EURADOS) 

COUNTRY

Sweden
Germany
Belgium
United Kingdom
France
Italy
Norway
Finland
United Kingdom
Spain
Poland
Germany
Germany
United Kingdom
Germany

330

MULTISENSE CHIP / The lab-free CBRN detection device for the identification of biological 

pathogens on nucleic acid and immunological level as lab-on-a-chip system applying multisensor technologies

i

p Lab-on-a-Chip system for a fully integrated nucleic 
h
C

acid analysis based on continuous flow PCR for the 

detection of B-Agents

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

e
s
n
e
s
i
t
l
u
M
©

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

261810

Total Cost  

€ 8,986,775 

EU Contribution  
€ 6,619,399.50 

Starting Date 

01/06/2011

Duration  

48 months

MICROFLUIDIC  

CHIPSHOP GMBH

Stockholmer Str.20 

nanofabrication technologies. The system and integration 

tasks will be covered within the microfluidics, software, 

The goal of Multisense Chip is the development of a de-

communication and instrumentation work packages. An 

tection and identification system for biological pathogens, 

important aspect within the project is the validation 

which shall include both the sample preparation stage, 

and demonstration task for ensuring a proper perfor-

during which target molecules are extracted directly, and 

mance and usability of the system. The training aspect 

the nucleic-acid-based and/or immunological detection 

in particular of future users to get them in touch with 

and identification steps.

lab-on-a-chip technology as early as possible is an im-

portant aspect as well. To guarantee the awareness and 

The chosen technologies offer several advantages : on 

proper handling of ethical issues an independent work 

the one hand, a small, portable, and easy-to-use device 

package was installed.

can be realized due to miniaturization ; on the other, 

the so-called lab-on-chip technology enables operation 

To realize the integrated system, the following latest 

outside of lab settings, meaning that the complete analy-

enabling technologies will be applied :

07747 Jena, Germany

sis including sample preparation, extraction of target 

Contact

Andrzej Wojcik

Dr. Claudia Gärtner

molecules, etc. will be carried out in a small device the 

size of a microtiter plate with all necessary reagents on 

board. This includes dry reagent storage of lysis reagents, 

» Sample enrichment : Novel air sampling technolo-
gies and sampling procedures easily combinable with 
a chip; 

Tel  : +49 3641 3470511

master mixes for the PCR, antibodies, and liquid stor-

Mobile  : +49 172 52 58 506

age of buffers. The overall target is a “sample in, result 

Fax  : +49 3641 3470590

out”-type handling procedure. 

E-mail  : Claudia.Gaertner@

microfluidic-ChipShop.com

Website  :  

Description of the work 

www.multisense-chip.com

The overall goal is the realization of a complete analysing 

system for biological pathogens consisting of a micro-

nano-based consumable chip with integrated sensor 

technology, an innovative instrument to run the chip, 

as well as the respective biological assays themselves.. 

Finally this will be embedded in advanced information 

and communication technologies. To cope with this mul-

tidisciplinary work from the technical and application 

side and to ensure full compliance with ethical aspects 

connected to the intended use of the system, the work 

will be arranged in thirteen work packages. A detailed 

requirement specification combined with regular de-

sign reviews will guide the way to a proper project run. 

The technical work packages are grouped around the 

biological assay, the sensor technology and micro- and 

» The  target  material  for  the  biological  assays  and 
tests will be extracted on-chip via novel micro-na-
notechnological devices combined with advanced 
biochemistry;

» Microfluidics allows for fast and efficient hybridiza-
tion of the PCR products on the capture microarray, 
implementing 3D-nanotechnology;

» Electrochemiluminescence-based  detection  or 
electrochemical sensors ensure ultrasensitive de-
tection.

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / CBRN ResponseInformation 
 
Results 

The main characteristics achieved by the Multisense 

Chip Analyzer are its sample-in-results-out operation, 

extremely user friendly interface and fast response time 

that avoids sending samples to a laboratory. It is based 

on sample collection and transfer to a chip, prepara-

tion, molecular biological and biochemical detection 

and signal-readout via different technologies. The keys 

to reaching the project’s goals were advanced sensor 

technologies, lab-on-a-chip concepts with miniaturisation 

and innovative instrumentation. 

Enabling technologies based on micro- and nanotech-

nologies involved various components and biochemical 

processes, as well as scientific instrumentation.

PARTNERS 

Microfluidic ChipShop GmbH (MFCS) 
Bertin Technology (BT)  
Friedrich Loeffler Institut (FLI)  
Integrated Microsystems for quality of Life SL (iMicroQ)  
Institut für Mikrotechnik Mainz (IMM)  
Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV)  
Institute of Physical Biology (IFB)  
Cedralis (CED)  

MULTISENSE CHIP

331

COUNTRY

Germany
France  
Germany  
Spain  
Germany  
Spain  
Slovenia  
France  

PRACTICE / Preparedness and Resilience against CBRN Terrorism  
using Integrated Concepts and Equipment PRACTICE

332

E
C
I
T
C
A
R
P
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Results

261728

Total Cost   

€ 11,695,072

EU Contribution   

€ 8,424,029 

Starting Date   

01/05/2011

End Date   

31/10/2014

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

UMEA UNIVERSITY

European CBRNE Centre

Linneaus väg 6

90187 Umea, Sweden

Contact

Dzenan Sahovic

The objective of the PRACTICE project was to improve 

The project’s main achievement is the PRACTICE Toolbox, 

the preparedness and resilience of the Member States 

an integrated system for CBRN incident management. 

and Associated Countries countries to an attack from 

The toolbox was validated in a series of live large-scale 

a terrorist group using non-conventional weapons such 

validation exercises and it proved to be useful for both 

as CBRN (Chemical, Biological, Radiological and/or Nu-

planning, training, response, and recovery activities. The 

clear agents) materials. This was done with the help of 

toolbox was validated in three different national contexts 

a newly developed integrated CBRN incident manage-

(Sweden, Poland and UK) to demonstrate its adaptability 

ment toolbox. 

to pre-existing CBRN management systems and different 

national legal and political contexts. Specific achieve-

ments in R&D activities are: 

Description of the work

» Analysis of gaps in existing CBRN incident management 

systems and CBRN management tools. 

The development of a new toolbox was based on:

Tel  : +46 (0) 90 786 5774

Mobile  : +46 (0) 73 073 5303

» identification, organization and establishment of knowl-
edge of critical elements in the event structure through 

» Development of a novel CBRN incident management 
concept, specifying observable incident parameters, 

and response functions that are universal in character 

Fax  : +46 (0) 90 786 6681

studies of a wide selection of scenarios, real incidents 

and not dependant on organisational structure and 

E-mail  : dzenan.sahovic@

and exercises;

national context. 

cbrne.umu.se

Website  : www.umu.se/cbrne

» analysis and identification of gaps in the current re-
sponse situation and organization and integration of 

» Development of the PRACTICE Toolbox architecture, 
which is open, flexible, and adaptable to different na-

the allocated response capabilities or functions in a 

tional contexts. 

toolbox of equipment, procedures and methods; and 

» an allocated system or kit for public information, de-
cision-support, first-responder training and exercises. 

» Development and integration of a number of specific 

tools in following categories: 

•  observational tools supporting situational awareness, 

These response capabilities functions were to a great 

extent universal in character and independent of national 

•  integration of live information (such as maps, location 

organizational structures. Particular attention was given 

of available resources), 

to integration and understanding of human factors and 

societal aspects in all the parts of the project. The final 

•  integration of static information (guidelines, recom-

concept and integrated response system (toolbox) and 

mendations/protocols), 

subsystems were tested and validated. A whole system 

demonstrator was shown and tested in the final phases 

•  action tools (such as sensors, modeling software, etc.).   

of the project.

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / CBRN ResponseInformation 
PRACTICE

333

» Amongst the developed tools, PRACTICE project also 
developed dedicated information kits for communi-

cation with the public, and a dedicated training kit 

enabling use of the PRACTICE Toolbox for purposes 

of first responder training.

PARTNERS 

Umea University (UmU) 
Forsvarets forskningsinstitutt (FFI) 
ASTRIUM S.A.S. (AST) 
Cassidian S.A.S. (EADS) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
KING’S COLLEGE LONDON (KCL) 
IB Consultancy BV (IBC) 
CBRNE Ltd (CBRNEltd) 
NATIONAL CENTER FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH “DEMOKRITOS” (NCSRD) 
Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
UNIVERSITE CATHOLIQUE DE LOUVAIN (UCL) 
Netherlands Forensic Institute (NFI) 
STATNI USTAV JADERNE, CHEMICKE A BIOLOGICKE OCHRANY vvi (SUJCHBO) 
SELEX SISTEMI INTEGRATI SPA (SSI) 
SELEX GALILEO LTD (SELEX) 
ASTRI POLSKA SPOLKA Z OGRANICZONA ODPOWIEDZIALNOSCIA (AstriPL) 
COMITE EUROPEEN DE NORMALISATION (CEN) 
Szkola Glowna Sluzby Pozarniczej (SGSP) 
MITTUNIVERSITETET (MIUN) 
Prometech BV i.o. (PRO) 
BRUHN NEWTECH A/S (BNT) 
HEALTH PROTECTION AGENCY (HPA) 
SODERSJUKHUSET AB (SPC) 

COUNTRY

Sweden
Norway
France
France
The Netherlands
United Kingdom
The Netherlands
United Kingdom
Greece
Sweden
Belgium
The Netherlands
Czech Republic
Italy
United Kingdom
Poland
Belgium
Poland
Sweden
The Netherlands
Denmark
United Kingdom
Sweden

334

R
L
D
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i
i

r
r
o
o
t
t
a
a
n
n
d
d
r
r
o
o
o
o
C
C

A4A / Alert for All

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

261732

Total Cost  

€ 4,881,506 

EU Contribution  

€ 3,497,469 

Starting Date  

16/03/2011

Duration  

30 months

The overall objective of A4A is to improve the effective-

A4A builds its alerting concept on five research areas 

ness of alerts and communication to the population in 

that are key enablers to achieve the aimed effectiveness 

crisis management.

improvements : authorities’ and responders’ operations, 

human behaviour, the role of new media, information 

To achieve this goal, A4A will provide an extensive and 

management and communications technologies.

interdisciplinary  alerting  framework  that  integrates 

the key enablers to achieve significant improvements 

As a multi-disciplinary alerting framework, A4A will de-

in terms of the level of alert penetration, cost-benefit 

velop and exploit synergies among its research areas. 

ratio and intended vs. actual impact of alert strategies. 

In particular, the A4A work plan foresees the following 

DEUTSCHES ZENTRUM 

With the project results, A4A aims at contributing to 

research activities :

FÜR LUFT- UND  

RAUMFAHRT E.V.

lay the foundations of an effective alert and commu-

nication paradigm that is scalable from the regional to 

Institute of Communica-

pan-European range.

» To develop a suitable communications protocol and 
a scalable alert message dispatcher that connects 

several mass market communications technologies 

A4A will provide solutions to align alert procedures and 

to disseminate alerts in a multi-channel approach, 

processes in contemporary crises (natural or man-made) 

including satellite components, to consumer devices, 

with available and emerging information management 

providing ubiquitous penetration of the alert system 

and communication technologies, emerging informa-

and resilience in the face of major disasters;

Cristina Párraga Niebla

tion sources and trends in social and human behaviour.

Tel  : +49 (0) 8153 282824

Mobile  :  

+49 (0) 1727134781

Fax  : +49 (0) 8153 282844

E-mail  :  

Cristina.Parraga@dlr.de

Website  : www.alert4all.eu

» To develop a portal for efficient information manage-
ment that enables the coordination and common situ-

ational awareness of involved authorities and respond-

ers, enhancing the (common) operational picture for 

optimizing the alert strategies;

» Situational awareness and trends in social behaviour 
will be addressed from two different perspectives : (i) 

understanding the impact of alerts in the population 

and (ii) understanding the role of new media, such as 

social networks, during the crisis. The first aspect will be 

tackled by research and modelling of social behaviour 

in crisis. From this research, an alert impact simula-

tion tool will be developed to support decision making 

processes in crisis management. The second aspect will 

be tackled by investigating the information flows and 

their timing during crisis to understand the role of new 

tions and Navigation

Linder Hoehe

51147 Cologne  

Germany

Contact

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planning 
A4A

335

media and by developing tools to efficiently monitor the 

Results

information exchanges within new media to improve 

the situational awareness of authorities, especially 

Through its research activities A4A will provide an exten-

on the perception of the society of the crisis situation;

sive and scalable alerting and communications concept 

» The integration of these research activities will allow 
for defining recommendations for the improvement 

that is capable of optimising the penetration and impact 

of alerts and can be incrementally deployed, both in 

terms of technologies/features and in terms of operat-

of operational concepts that make use of and benefit 

ing range, from a regional to a pan-European scope.

from the A4A tools. Furthermore, the development of 

training material for authorities and responders will 

contribute to the end user acceptance.

Investigations on organisational, institutional and funding 

aspects for the deployment of A4A and a final showcase 

will complete the A4A activities.

PARTNERS 

Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR) 
German Red Cross (DRK) 
Avanti Communications Ltd. (AVA) 
BAPCO LBG (BAPCO) 
TECNOSYLVA S.L. (TSYL) 
Empresa de Serviços e Desenvolvimento de Software, S.A. (EDISOFT) 
Fundación Tecnalia Research & Innovation (Tecnalia) 
Universität Stuttgart (USTUTT) 
Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Bundesamt für Bevölkerungsschutz und Katastrophenhilfe (BBK) 
Eutelsat S.A. (EUT) 
Institut fuer Rundfunktechnik GmbH (IRT) 

COUNTRY

Germany 
Germany
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Spain
Portugal
Spain
Germany
Sweden
Germany
France
Germany

336

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

AF3 / Advanced Forest fire Fighting

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

607276

Total Cost  

€19,270,384.14 

EU Contribution  

€12,985,486.14

Starting Date  

01/05/2014

Duration  

35 months

ing missions, composed of a command-and-control 

centre, a real-time risk analysis tool and a fire fighting 

The AF3 project objective is to substantially improve 

laboratory multipurpose simulation tool to predict the 

the efficiency of current fire-fighting operations and the 

progression of a fire and the effectiveness of coun-

protection of human lives by developing innovative tech-

termeasures.

nologies which allow a high level of integration between 

existing and new systems. 

» Early detection and monitoring: deployment of diverse 
systems, including satellites, airplanes, UAVs, and both 

The AF3 project evaluates the readiness and capabilities 

mobile and stationary ground systems for early detec-

of existing fire countermeasures. It aims to overcome 

tion and for monitoring smoke and toxic clouds.

LEONARDO S.p.A.  

monitoring and firefighting methods with solutions that 

current operational gaps via a framework to enhance 

LEONARDO - SOCIETA PER 

tackle inefficiency. 

AZIONI

Piazza Monte Grappa, 4 

The AF3 technological objectives are to develop: 

» Advanced public information channels: smart phones, 
internet and dedicated broadcasting will be integrated 

in the global system

00195 Roma -  Italy

Contact

Stefano Scafè  

Tel  : +39 0106584703

Fax  : +39 0558950600

E-mail  :  

» innovative active and passive fire countermeasures

packages, three of which run the whole length of the 

The AF3 work plan has been sub-divided into 10 work 

» advanced integrated crisis management

project. The seven operational work packages follow 

a chronological sequence and are broken down into 

sub-work packages addressing different aspects of fire 

» Early detection and monitoring technologies (including 

emergencies.  Ethical and legal issues of each activity 

stefano.scafe@leonardocom-

public channels) 

are taken into account.

pany.com

Website  :http://af3project.

Description of the work 

eu/af3/ 

The involvement of end-users, particularly in the defini-

tion phase, the organisation of trials and the evaluation 

AAF3 project focuses its activities on the following areas:

phase ensure that AF3 should attain its goals. 

» Innovative active countermeasures: implementation of 
the novel AAFF (Advanced Aerial Fire Fighting) system 

Results

to accurately and safely disperse extinguishing materi-

The main outcome of AF3 (Advanced Forest Fire Fight-

als from high altitudes by aircrafts and helicopters in 

ing) was the development of an advanced integrated 

any condition

system for wildfire management to:

» Innovative passive countermeasures: fast build-up of 
preventive defensive lines of  capsules to prevent the 

spread of fire from forest to populated areas 

» Integrate in an optimal way information coming from 

the field 

» Evaluate the possible risks and the effects of fire at-

» Advanced Integrated Crisis Management: An innovative 
AF3 Core Expert Engine that coordinates all firefight-

tacks 

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planningAF3

337

» Allow the commander to take effective decisions 

AF3 also adopted ground and aerial unmanned vehi-

cles, highlighting the flexibility of UAVs in particular for 

The second outcome was the development of new ac-

detecting forest fires and providing information about 

tive and passive countermeasures to improve the ef-

their scenarios. Additional uses of unmanned platforms 

fectiveness of firefighting, specifically regarding pellets 

are for search and rescue, creating firebreaks and car-

and capsules. 

rying out firefighting in critical areas. These missions 

have been coupled with the project’s active and passive 

Prevention was a study aspect of the project’s work too. 

countermeasures.

While AF3’s technology was mainly oriented towards 

firefighting, it can also be redirected to prevention via 

The experience acquired by AF3, particularly during its 

the integration of additional features. It is crucial to 

multiple trials and continuous interchanges with end-

develop effective communication means such as social 

users and the project’s advisory board, enabled its various 

media to inform populations about the risks of accidental 

partners to identify new areas for future development.

fires and good practices to prevent them, or to provide 

evacuation information about risky areas – an approach 

that was tested and demonstrated during AF3 trials.

PARTNERS 

Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (DLR) 
German Red Cross (DRK) 
Avanti Communications Ltd. (AVA) 
BAPCO LBG (BAPCO) 
TECNOSYLVA S.L. (TSYL) 
Empresa de Serviços e Desenvolvimento de Software, S.A. (EDISOFT) 
Fundación Tecnalia Research & Innovation (Tecnalia) 
Universität Stuttgart (USTUTT) 
Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Bundesamt für Bevölkerungsschutz und Katastrophenhilfe (BBK) 
Eutelsat S.A. (EUT) 
Institut fuer Rundfunktechnik GmbH (IRT) 

COUNTRY

Germany 
Germany
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Spain
Portugal
Spain
Germany
Sweden
Germany
France
Germany

338

BESECU / Human behaviour in crisis situations: a cross-cultural 
investigation in order to tailor security-related communication 

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

n
o
n
g
a
G
e
s
i
u
o
L
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Results

218324

Total Cost  

€ 2,705,344.54

EU Contribution 

€ 2,093,808 

Starting Date 

01/05/2008

End Date

31/12/2011

Floods, fires, earthquakes or terrorist events in Europe 

One of BeSeCu’s discoveries was that it is possible to 

raise important questions about human behaviour in 

cross-culturally assess different types of incidents using 

crisis situations. Does culture play a role in how people 

a set of standard psychological tools. The project also 

respond to these events? More important: could a better 

discovered that different crisis situations incite different 

understanding of cultural responses help define better 

psychological impacts, with fires and building collapses 

emergency communication and evacuation procedures? 

producing the highest post-traumatic stress symptoms 

That was the goal of BeSeCu: to investigate cross-cultural 

and floods the lowest. 

ERNST-MORITZ-ARNDT-

situations to produce tailor-made security-related com-

significantly higher risk perception, levels of dissociation, 

and ethnic differences in human behaviour during crisis 

Survivors with high post-traumatic stress levels reported 

UNIVERSITAT  

GREIFSWALD

Lehrstuhl Gesundheit  

munications, instructions and procedures. Its field work 

panic and physiological reactions. They also had less time 

involved 1130 survivors and 3011 first responders.

to inform themselves about the situation or to prepare 

for evacuation. As a result, they acted “automatically” 

und Pravention

Focused on eight European countries, BeSeCu carried out:

or instinctively during the crisis. However, all survivors 

Institut fur Psychologie

Robert-Blum-Str. 13

17487 Greifswald

Germany

Contact

» video-tape analysis and the simulation of real-time 

behaviour such as helping other victims, sharing food 

evacuation scenarios; 

and water, etc.

reported a common impulse toward supportive social 

» assessment of first responder roles and how com-

Among other findings, BeSeCu’s research: 

Prof. Silke Schmidt

munities were affected;

Tel  : +49 (0) 3834 863810

Fax  : +49 (0) 3834 863801

E-mail  : silke.schmidt@uni-

» standardized evaluation of survivors’ cognitive, be-
havioural and emotional response to fires, terrorist 

» produced a set of scientifically sound and cross-cul-
turally validated instruments (“BeSeCu-S”) to assess 

human behaviour in security-relevant crisis situations 

greifswald.de

attacks, floods or earthquakes.

across cultures of survivors of disasters;

Website  : www.besecu.de

» extracted original data from 300 firefighters per coun-
try regarding their professional experience in crisis situ-

ations and culturally-relevant concepts of emergency 

operations, leading to new evidence about non-verbal 

communication by first responders;

» confirmed that information about the crisis itself is 

critical for occupants to response appropriately;

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planningCoordinatorInformation 
 
 
 
 
BESECU

339

u
c
e
s
e
B
©

» developed two comprehensive evacuation model vali-
dation data sets from Turkish and Polish evacuation 

trials;

» confirmed that while behaviour and cognitions differ 
across cultures, common indices were identified regard-

ing prevention, knowledge and safety culture habits.

BeSeCu’s work will inform future R&D efforts focused on 

improving communication and emergency procedures 

regarding the links between culture and evacuation be-

haviour.

PARTNERS 

Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universitat Greifswald 
University Medical Centre Hamburg 
University of Greenwich, School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences 
Institute of Public Security of Catalunya 
Hamburg Fire and Emergency Service Academy 
Man-Technology-Organisation (MTO)-Psychology 
Faculty of Fire Safety Engineering (SGSP) 
Prague Psychiatric Centre University of Prague 
Association of Emergency Ambulance Physicians 
Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna (UNIBO)  

COUNTRY

Germany
Germany
United Kingdom
Spain
Germany
Sweden
Poland
Czech Republic
Turkey
Italy

 
340

I

E
G
D
R
B
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

BRIDGE / Bridging resources and agencies in large-scale emergency 
management

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

261817

Total Cost  

€ 18,075,144.20

EU Contribution  

€ 12,983,143.75

Starting Date  

01/04/2011

Duration  

30/06/2015

BRIDGE’s goal is to increase the safety of citizens by 

BRIDGE elaborated solutions for the generation and dis-

developing technical and organisational solutions that 

tribution of 3D simulations of emergency situations for 

significantly improve crisis and emergency management.

use in training and in case of an emergency. The visual 

presentation of threat scenarios and their consequences 

A BRIDGE platform will provide technical support for 

were designed to help link the differences in technical and 

multi-agency collaboration in large-scale emergency 

operational backgrounds between the parties involved.

relief efforts. The key to this is to ensure interoperability, 

harmonization and cooperation among stakeholders on 

In addition, BRIDGE developed technical solutions in three 

the technical and organisational level. The vision of the 

different areas.

STIFTELSEN SINTEF

BRIDGE project is to:

Forskningsveien 1

P.O. Box 124 Blindern

0314 Oslo  

Norway

Contact

Geir Horn

Tel  : +47 22067561

Mobile  : +47 93059335

» facilitate cross-border and cross-agency collaboration;
» allow the creation of a common, comprehensive, and
» reliable operational picture of the incident site;
» enable integration of resources and technologies into 

workflow management;

» Interoperability of data, systems & technology to:

• manage heterogeneous ad-hoc networks
• handle information in different formats & from dif-

ferent sources

• collect & manage context information

» enable active ad-hoc participation of third parties.

» Exploration of a common operational picture to: 

• develop intelligent, adaptive & multimodal user-

Fax  : +47 22067350

Social practices, ethical concerns and legal and bureau-

interface

E-mail  : geir.horn@sintef.no

cratic demands must be taken into consideration during 

Website  : www.sintef.no

the realization of this vision. Therefore, BRIDGE will facili-

• obtain, filter, share, & annotate information
• provide a decision support tool for crisis management

tate constructive deep integration of multi-dimensional 

social, legal and ethical analysis into ambitious interdis-

ciplinary user-led socio-technical innovation.

» Runtime inter-agency & inter-agent collaboration to:
• allow the dynamic creation & composition of intera-

gency workflows

• carry  out  actor-agent  networks  &  agent-based 

simulations

• facilitate a shared situational awareness

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planning 
BRIDGE

341

Results

To exploit the ever-increasing amount of data in emer-

gency management, intelligent human-computer in-

BRIDGE’s realistic scenarios in real-world environments 

teraction techniques are needed to make these data 

led to yearly demonstrations of the BRIDGE platform un-

usable. BRIDGE developed:

der different foci. Its exploitation activities targeted three 

groups: emergency management end-user communities 

in different European countries, industrial partners, and 

non-BRIDGE technology and solution providers in Europe.

Its results included:

» adaptive, multi-modal user interfaces
» novel stationary and mobile interaction techniques
» approaches on how to raise awareness through visu-

alization of ad-hoc networks

» Resilient ad-hoc network infrastructures, focusing on 
the requirements evolving from emergency scenarios
» Generic, extensible middleware to support integration 

The BRIDGE system supports the flexible assembly of 

emergency response systems into a ‘system of sys-

tems’ for agile emergency response. The project also 

developed systems called Concept Cases representing 

of data sources, networks, and systems

end-user applications whose implementation is based 

» Context management system to foster interoperability 
of data, providing meaningful, reliable information

on individual parts and services of the BRIDGE system.

PARTNERS 

Stiftelsen SINTEF (SINTEF)  
Almende B.V. (Almende)  
CNet Svenska AB (CNET) 
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer-FIT)  
Lancaster University (ULANC)  
Crisis Training AS (CTAS) 
SAAB Training Systems (SAAB) 
THALES Nederland BV (THALES NL) 
Universität Klagenfurt (UNIKLU)  
Paris-Lodron-Universität Salzburg (PLUS) 
VSH Hagerbach Test Gallery LTD (VSH) 
Technische Universiteit Delft (TUDelft)  
Stockholms Universitet (US)  
Helse Stavanger (RAKOS)  

COUNTRY

Norway
The Netherlands
Sweden
Germany
United Kingdom
Norway
Sweden
The Netherlands
Austria
Austria
Switzerland
The Netherlands
Sweden
Norway

342

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

CascEff / Modelling of dependencies and cascading effects for 
emergency management in crisis situations

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

The work with CascEff is divided into five research work 

607665

Total Cost  

€ 4,626,904.00  

EU Contribution  

€ 3,594,937.80 

Starting Date  

01/04/2014

Duration  

36 months

Modern socio-technical systems are increasingly charac-

packages:

terised by high degrees of interdependencies. Whereas 

WP1:  Incident  management.  A  methodology  will  be 

these interdependencies generally make systems more 

developed for incident management which integrates 

efficient under normal operations, they contribute to 

predictions of an incident’s evolution as based on an 

cascading effects in times of crises.

improved  understanding  of  cascading  effects.  The 

CascEff will improve our understanding of cascading 

and elaborated scenarios, taking into account cascading 

effects in crisis situations through the identification of 

effects and their effect on the evolution of scenarios.

initiators, dependencies and key decision points. The 

methodology will be developed on the basis of identified 

SP SVERIGES TEKNISKA 

main objectives of the CascEff project are to:

WP2: Originators and dependencies. The WP aims to 

1.  gain a better understanding of the cascading effect 

development  of  an  incident  evolution  tool  with  the 

identify essential characteristics that are required for 

in crisis situations.

2.  develop an “incident evolution tool” for predicting 
present and future crisis evolution leading to cas-

Contact

cading effects.

3.  identify human activities in the crisis.

FORSKNINGSINSTITUT 

(SP)

Fire Research

Brinellgatan 4

Box 857

SE-50115 Borås, Sweden

Prof. Anders Lönnermark  

Tel  : +46 10 516 5691

Mobile  : +46 722 255691

Fax  : +46 33 416012

aim to manage cascading effects. This includes the 

development of a methodology for analysing previous 

incidents regarding their originators, dependencies, and 

consequences.

WP3: First responders tactics, human activities, interaction 

and  behaviour.  The  aim  is  to  identify  which  human 

activities need to be taken into account during key points 

4.  improve incident management for present and future 

in an incident’s evolution where decisions need to be made. 

E-mail  :  

threats.

anders.lonnermark@sp.se

Website  : www.sp.se

Description of the work 

This work package will also develop a methodology for 

communication and coordination during crisis situations 

that reflects the respective roles of members of the public, 

media organisations, first responders and intervention 

The experiences from past incidents and findings on initia-

commanders at different levels.

tors, dependencies and key decision points will be further 

developed in the methodological framework of the incident 

WP4: Incident Evolution Tool development and imple-

evolution tool. This will enable improved decision support, 

mentation in existing systems. The incident evolution 

contributing to the reduction of collateral damages and 

methodology that will incorporate cascading effects will 

other unfortunate consequences associated with large cri-

be implemented into incident management frameworks 

ses. Use of the tool will be validated through its integration 

used by end users in Europe today. The tools will be 

into different incident management and training platforms 

developed in close cooperation with end users (first re-

representing different end users in the project (e.g. NoKeos, 

sponders, emergency managers, decision makers, etc.).

iCrisis, RIB, WIS and XVR).

WP5: Scenario development and simulated exercises. 

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planningCascEff

343

Scenarios  will  be  devolped  for  testing  the  incident 

This will lead to reduced direct and indirect consequences by:

command methodology and tools. In addition there is 

one work package for dissemination of the results (WP6) 

and one for project management (WP7).

Results

» Reducing the extent of crisis scenarios subject to cas-
cading effects and the risk for cross border scenarios 

Highlight the need for cross border collaboration in 

response to specific originators

The project will produce models of dependencies and 

» Promote new response strategies and structures and 

effects in crisis situations (of both physical and human 

methodologies

components) causing a cascading effect. It will also 

provide a methodology to create this model for future 

» Include development of a cloud monitoring system for 

threats, and tools to foresee the evolution of an incident. 

multi-hazard events

These tools will be available on a real time basis as well 

as for planning and training purposes, in particular in 

cross border crisis situations.

» Improve both the evacuation of large areas in crisis 
situations and the use and role of the media in crisis 

situations

PARTNERS 

SP Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut (SP) 
Lunds Universitet (ULUND) 
Myndigheten för Samhällsskydd och Beredskap (MSB) 
Universiteit Gent (UGent) 
Institut National de L’environnement et des risques (INERIS) 
Service Public Federal Interieur (KCCE) 
Safety Centre Europe BVBA (SCA) 
Université de Lorraine (UL) 
University of Leicester (ULEIC) 
Northamptonshire County Council (NFRS) 
E-Semble BV (ESM) 

COUNTRY

Sweden
Sweden
Sweden
Belgium
France
Belgium
Belgium
France
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
The Netherlands

344

CAST / Comparative Assessment of Security-Centered Training Curricula 
for First Responders on Disaster Management in the EU

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-
n
o
s
n
h
o
J

l
i

a
G
©

n
n
o
o
i
i
t
t
a
a
m
m
r
r
o
o
f
f
n
n
I
I

i
i

r
r
o
o
t
t
a
a
n
n
d
d
r
r
o
o
o
o
C
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Results 

218070

Total Cost  

€ 2,719,068.55

EU Contribution  

€ 1,974,620

Starting Date  

01/07/2009

End Date

30/06/2011

The CAST project aimed to address the future needs of EU 

This project’s deliverables included a range of new re-

first responders (FR) from across the 27 Member States 

search in the field of disaster preparedness and training.

for handling a disaster scenario that exceeds in severity 

any existing training assumption – i.e., a catastrophic 

For identifying potential threat scenarios, the consortia 

terrorist incident or an extremely large-scale “once in a 

created DERMI – the Database on Emergency Response 

life-time” natural or man-made disaster.

Major Incidents. Containing 110 real-life incidents from 

across Europe, Russia and the US, DERMI provided a com-

The project sought to identify and categorise a range of 

prehensive catalogue of disaster scenarios to support the 

unusually extreme disaster scenarios of natural, man-

project’s analysis. 

UNIVERSITAT SALZBURG

made or terrorist origins. It then aimed to map and 

Office of the Rectorate

evaluate existing training and equipment preparation, 

A comprehensive survey of existing training programmes 

Research Support Unit

and to produce a standardised modular training cur-

for disaster management was also conducted. Featur-

Kapitelgasse 4-6

A-5020 Salzburg

Austria

Contact

Prof. Friedrich  

Steinhäusler

Tel  : +43 662 8044 5700

Mobile  : +43 680 123 7158

Fax  : +43 662 8040 150

E-mail  : Friedrich.steinhaeus-

ler@sbg.ac.at

Website  : 

www.research.sbg.ac.at/cast

riculum to prepare FR staff for these threats.  Finally, it 

ing 80 responses from across 25 EU Member States, 

tried to streamline and standardise current cross-border 

covering themes such as the division of responsibility 

preparation in these areas, to avoid pan-European du-

during a terrorist attack and procedures for the use of 

plications of effort. 

protective equipment.  

Utilizing the surveys and reports, CAST then formulated 

a series of “best practice” procedural guides to form the 

basis of common training curricula for FR staff. 

Low probability-high consequence threat scenarios that 

were explored included the wide area synchronised use 

of improvised explosive devices, large-scale chemical, 

biological or radiological releases in urban environments 

and chemical fires. These were then compared to existing 

equipment and training procedures to evaluate overall 

preparedness.

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planning 
 
 
 
CAST

345

The recommendations and new procedural priorities sug-

gested include:

» developing new support technologies for CBRNE de-
tection, mobile labs, drone surveillance and protective 

» making the DERMI database available to all stake-

holders;

equipment;

» basing preparation for future large scale accidents 
based on lessons-learnt from disasters in the 21st 

» preplanning risk assessment in industrial facilities;

century.

» focusing on control room design, structure, future de-

velopment and management;

» enhancing communication technologies;

PARTNERS 

Universität Salzburg (PLUS) 
DSTS-Advisers to Executives (DSTS) 
Fire Service  Academy Hamburg (FSAH) 
Research Institute of Red Cross (FRK) 
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer-ICT) 
BMLVS / Heereslogistikschule (HLogS) 
International Security Competence Center (ISCC) 
University of Defense Brno (UDB) 
Corvinus University Budapest (VGT) 
SAAB Training Systems AB (SAAB) 
Swedish Counter Terrorist Police (SCTU) 
Diamond Aircraft Industries (DAI) 
Tecnatom (TEC) 
Sigmund Freud Privatuniversität Wien (SFU) 
Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) 

COUNTRY

Austria
Austria
Germany
Austria
Germany
Austria
Austria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Sweden
Sweden
Austria
Spain
Austria
United Kingdom

346

COncORDE / Development of Coordination Mechanisms During 
Different Kinds of Emergencies

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Results

607814

Total Cost  

€4,077,483.20

EU Contribution  

€3,378,211.25

Starting Date  

01/05/2014

Duration  

36 months

1.  Improve preparedness and interoperability of medi-
cal services during emergencies and mass disaster 

The COncORDE (Development of Coordination Mecha-

nisms During Different Kinds of Emergencies) project’s 

events, which affect the health and well-being of 

main result is its integrated platform. This connects all 

large parts of the population at local, regional or 

emergency medical services (EMS) participants in emer-

cross-border level.

2.  Optimise the coordination and quality of response 
of an open ecosystem of users, to allow for different 

gency response including public-safety answering points 

(PSAPs) (112/control rooms), dispatched EMS responders, 

first-receiver hospitals and any involved higher command 

centres. Since response organisation participants occupy 

constellations of crisis response participants according 

different geographical locations and workflow spaces, this 

Cambridge University 

to the demands of the situation.

distance creates gaps in the common operational picture 

Hospitals NHS  

Foundation Trust (CUH)

EU Unit

3.  Facilitate ongoing monitoring, evaluation and improve-
ment of response and integration of all results into 

and a loss of information. COncORDE addressed these 

gaps to improve health service coordination. A schematic 

representation of the platform is presented below. 

Department of Strategy 

an intelligent training system, that allows enrichment 

and Planning

by users.

A toolbox of modular software components was devel-

Addenbrooke’s Hospital, 

Hills Road

Management Offices,  

Description of the work 

oped. These tools are: 

» Incident management module (incident information, 

Box 146  

Phase 1 – establish the requirements and specifications 

team management and hospital management)

CB20QQ, Cambridge,  

of the COncORDE platform, and how it will fit together 

United Kingdom

Contact

Dr. Toni Staykova

with the current systems used by the domain experts 

» Interactive map 

across Europe and beyond.

Tel  : +44 1223274718

Phase 2 – Technology research and system design 

Mobile  : +44 7765037485

» Patient management module 

» Rescue and field applications 

Fax  : +44 1223274719

Phase 3 – Evaluation and trials to test and validate the 

E-mail  :  

COncORDE platform against a series of evaluation criteria 

» Tracking applications 

as2305@medschl.cam.ac.uk

through the use of case studies and large scale pilots.

Website  : www.cuh.org.uk

Phase 4 – Impact, Dissemination and Exploitation

Phase 5 – Co-ordination and Project management

» Semantically driven decision support and prediction 
services, with re-play for evaluation and learning also 

enabled

The first prototype was tested in a virtual emergency 

training environment, an innovative and cost effective 

way of validating a system under development. Com-

munication via the first CIS prototype allowed participants 

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planningto successfully coordinate the management of ad hoc 

At the project’s conclusion its partners had a clear ex-

events, which highlighted the merits of the system design.

ploitation plan and a roadmap with the necessary steps 

to carry the COncORDE system to implementation in 

The pilot 2 field exercises tested COncORDE’s second 

practice. 

COncORDE

347

CIS prototype, which as enriched with geo-location and 

tracking features. The two pilot scenarios were preceded 

by delivery of a collaborative training program which 

focused on: a) validation of incident management fea-

tures and b) patient and resource management. The 

collaborative training evaluation results demonstrated 

that participants reached their training objectives, and 

that use of the COncORDE system helped improve tar-

geted competency areas. 

Observations and participants feedback indicated that 

COncORDE reduced the need for voice communication 

while making overall communication more effective. More 

technical work, testing, and validation will be required 

in the pre-commercialisation phase to provide robust 

evidence for the system’s effectiveness.

PARTNERS 

Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (CUH) 
European Dynamics Advanced Systems Of Telecommunications Informatics And Telematics (ED) 
Inovamais - Servicos De Consultadoria Em Inovacao Tecnologica S.A. (Inova+) 
Koç University (KU) 
University Of Cyprus (UCY) 
Elliniki Omada Diasosis Somateio – Hellenic Rescue Team (HRT) 
Stichting Crisislab (CrisisLab) 
Siveco Romania SA (Siveco) 
Crisis Training AS (CTAS) 
Teknologian Tutkimuskeskus VTT (VTT) 
National Center For Scientific Research “Demokritos” (NCSR) 
Konnekt-able Technologies Limited (KT) 
Public Safety Communication Europe Forum AISBL (PSCE) 
ESRI Portugal - Sistemas E Informacao Geografica SA (ESRI) 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
Greece
Portugal
Turkey
Cyprus
Greece
The Netherlands
Romania
Norway
Finland
Greece
Ireland
Belgium
Portugal

348

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-
t
a
h
c
r
a
B
e
c
i
n
a
J

©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

COPE / Common Operational Picture Exploitation

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives 

Results 

217854

Total Cost  

€ 3,886,574

EU Contribution  

€ 2,535,049

Starting Date  

01/02/2008

End Date  

31/01/2011

First responders are a heterogeneous group regarding 

COPE’s obtained its results from its key work packages, 

their emergency environments, their roles, command 

which focused on: 

structures, and organisational and national frameworks. 

» a generic concept for a common operational picture 

COPE’s goal was to improve the performance reliability 

(COP); 

and cost of emergency response management “C2” (com-

mand and control) systems by combining user-oriented 

human factors with technology development. A central 

» analysis of first responder activity (fire fighters, sec-
tor commanders and incident commanders) in three 

TECHNICAL RESEARCH 

first responders to boost situational awareness across 

aim was to strengthen information flow from and to 

countries;

CENTRE OF FINLAND

agencies and at all levels of the C2 chain in emergency 

» technology mapping to align user requirements with 

P.O. Box 1000

FI-02044 VTT

Finland

Contact

management situations.

hardware solutions;

A user-driven approach therefore drove COPE’s devel-

» definition of user-driven scenarios and key performance 

opment of new technologies that support information 

indicators.

Jari Hämäläinen

requirements at the scene of an event. The project ap-

Tel  : +358 20 722 6467

plied a wide range of human-factor methods – from 

These led to two exercises:  a live one involving first 

Fax  : + 358 20 722 6027

functional task modelling to end-user simulations – to 

responders and actual fire and hazards events, and a 

E-mail  : jari.hamalainen@vtt.fi

better understand individual agencies, and to ensure that 

tabletop one with end-users involved in additional C2 

Website  : http://cope.vtt.fi/

new systems match requirements and can be integrated 

and decision-making tasks.

with legacy processes and technologies.

The culmination of COPE’s work packages resulted in 

end-user assessment of technology-in-design using trials 

and questionnaires. Based on a set of criteria for modern 

and future COP systems derived from leading interna-

tional projects, a detailed evaluation of the state of the 

art achieved was produced, which takes into account 

technological, operational, and end-user evaluations.

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planning 
 
 
 
COPE

349

For example, COPE studied the use and benefits of wear-

able displays, sensors and locational technologies to 

support first-responders. The advantages and disadvan-

tages of such technologies were identified. According to 

feedback from first responders and external stakeholders, 

the system and its components produced “good” to “very 

good” levels of satisfaction. Though there were certain 

temporary failures and reductions in functionality, these 

did not undermine the validity of the project’s overall 

research results, according to the COPE consortium.

PARTNERS 

TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND (VTT) 
UTI SYSTEMS S.A. (UTI) 
CESS GMBH CENTRE FOR EUROPEAN SECURITY STRATEGIES (CESS) 
Pelastusopisto, Emergency Services College (ESC) 
Ministry of Interior and Administration Reform (IGSU) 
BAE Systems C-ITS (BAE Systems C-ITS) 
THE PROVOST, FELLOWS AND SCHOLARS OF THE COLLEGE OF THE HOLY AND UNDIVIDED  
TRINITY COLLEGE DUBLIN (TCD) 
BAE SYSTEMS (OPERATIONS) LIMITED (BAE Systems UK) 
SKYSOFT PORTUGAL - SOFTWARE E TECNOLOGIAS DE INFORMAÇÃO SA (Skysoft) 

COUNTRY

Finland
Romania 
Germany
Finland
Romania 
Sweden 

Ireland
United Kingdom
Portugal

350

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

l

t
n
a
o
v
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

CRISCOMSCORE / Developing a crisis communication scorecard

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives 

Results

217889

Total Cost  

€ 1,013,207 

EU Contribution  

€ 799,174 

Starting Date  

01/02/2008

End Date  

30/04/2011

The purpose of this project was to improve public and 

CRISCOMSCORE’s conclusions were based on extensive 

media crisis communications during natural or man-

best practice studies, assessments of scientific literature, 

made security incidents, disasters and emergencies. 

empirical research to clarify existing communications co-

operation in end-user response networks and an overview 

To meet this goal the project had four key objectives:

of the current level of reception to such information in 

stressful situations. These were reported in published 

» identify critical factors for an effective media strategy 

strategy guides and academic journals. 

before, during and after crisis situations;

These findings then formed the basis for measurable 

UNIVERSITY OF  

» identify critical factors for communication with citizen 

performance indicators in the Crisis Communications 

groups before, during and after crisis situations;

Scorecard – an online auditing tool that can be accessed 

JYVÄSKYLÄN YLIOPISTO

Department of Communica-

tion (Matarankatu 6)

P.O. Box 35 (TOB)

» construct a scorecard for public authorities to measure 
and improve their readiness to communicate in crisis 

FI - 40014 University of 

situations;

» stimulate implementation by hosting and encouraging 
the use of the Crisis Communication Scorecard and 

the Strategy Guides.

Jyväskylä 

Finland

Contact

Marita Vos, prof.

Tel  : +358 14 260 1554

Mobile  : +358 50 4410 358

Fax  : +358 14 260 1511

E-mail  : marita.vos@jyu.fi

Website  : http://www.crisis-

communication.fi

free of charge by all crisis management professionals at: 

http://www.crisiscommunication.fi/criscomscore/

The scorecard presents critical factors in the commu-

nication of public authorities with stakeholders such as 

citizens, news media, and other response organisations 

before, during and after emergencies. It separates its 

analytics into three separate categories, focused on steps 

which can be taken before, during and after a crisis. In 

each category, a range of table-top exercises, planning 

meetings and outcome studies are required to feed into 

the auditing process.

The  final  analysis  gauges  the  effectiveness  of  an  

organization’s communications strategy using a sys-

tem inspired by business efficiency auditing techniques.  

It concentrates on key success factors and reveals strong 

and weak points in performance, thereby enabling the 

prioritization of resource allocation by participants. 

As well as the published strategy guides and scorecard, 

the website platform hosts a range of advice and recom-

mendations for improving crisis communications.

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planningCoordinatorInformation 
 
 
CRISCOMSCORE

351

PARTNERS 

University of Jyväskylä Yliopisto 
Ben Gurion University of the Negev 
University of Tartu 
Norwegian University of Science and Technology 
Emergency Services College Finland  

COUNTRY

Finland
Israel
Estonia
Norway
Finland

352

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

l

e
n
s
i
o
D
s
i
o
c
n
a
r
F
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i
i

r
r
o
o
t
t
a
a
n
n
d
d
r
r
o
o
o
o
C
C

CRISIS / Critical incident management training system using an 
interactive simulation environment

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

» Develop the capability for users with limited program-
ming ability to configure their simulation environment, 

242474

Total Cost  

€ 4,593,444.66

EU Contribution  

€ 3,495,611.99

Starting Date  

01/05/2010

Duration  

36 months

CRISIS (CRitical Incident management training System 

thereby allowing the same basic engine to be used 

using an Interactive Simulation environment) project 

to train crisis managers at different transport infra-

objectives: 

structures 

» Research and develop a virtual reality-based crisis 
management simulation training system prototype 

Description of the work

enabling multi-player, multi-level, inter- and intra-or-

The project was executed over a 36-month period in 

ganisational crisis management training emphasising 

three stages: 

cue recognition, decision making, team coordination 

MIDDLESEX UNIVERSITY 

and human-interoperability

HIGHER EDUCATION  

CORPORATION

School of Engineering & 

» Develop the capability for rapid exercise planning link-
ing scenario generation and simulation to an after-

» Stage one – use mock-ups and existing prototypes will 
be used to illustrate the full CRISIS approach, using 

state of the art computer games technology

Information Sciences,

action review system so lessons from the exercise 

» Stage two – the design and development of the CRISIS 

London NW4 4BT

United Kingdom

Contact

Prof. William Wong, 

BCom (Hons.) PhD 

FNZCS – Head, Interac-
tion Design Centre.  
Tel  : +44 20 8411 2684

E-mail  : w.wong@mdx.ac.uk

Website  : http ://idc.mdx.ac.uk/

projects/crisis/

can be identified quickly and discussed as soon as 

components will take place.

possible after an exercise

» Develop a highly interactive, virtual reality, game-based 
simulation system emphasising training of real-time 

» Stage three – create an architecture with supporting 
tools, ensuring the technology can be used at different 

critical sites. The goal is to have a flexible platform 

cue recognition, situation assessment, problem diag-

used as both a test bed and evaluation tool 

nosis and planning under time pressure, uncertainty 

and confusion

» Develop a human inter-operability and organisational 
adaptation framework for how decision making, team 

http ://www.eis.mdx.ac.uk/

coordination and organisational adaptation occurs in 

research/idc/

crisis situations, allowing emergency services the op-

portunity to develop more robust crisis management 

capabilities to deal with unexpected events 

» Develop an exercise control information dashboard to 
support decision making during exercise game-play

» Develop a secure component-based software architec-
ture to enable rapid integration of existing and new 

components supporting training exercises across mul-

tiple locations

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planning 
 
 
 
CRISIS

353

Results 

The CRISIS system may benefit a variety of users, in-

cluding first responders and personnel at vulnerable 

The project created a virtual reality training system ena-

infrastructure such as nuclear power plants.

bling several personnel within or between organisations 

to train simultaneously. Each trainee verbally commu-

nicated and interacted with other trainees through the 

CRISIS system.

The CRISIS system prototype was used and evaluated 

in a series of major incident training exercises at our 

end-user partner locations: ISAVIA Reykjavik Airport in 

Iceland, ANA Lisbon airport in Portugal and the BTP in 

London, UK. At the close of the project, the training 

system prototype was installed and operating at these 

end-user partner locations. 

PARTNERS 

Middlesex University Higher Education Corporation (MU) 
SHELTERLAND ApS - 3D CONNECTION (CRI) – departed mid-way through project. 
National Aerospace Laboratory (NLR) 
ObjectSecurity Ltd (OS) 
Space Applications Services (SAS) 
VSL Systems AB (VSL) 
Linkoping University (LiU) 
Haskoli Island - University of Iceland (HI) 
A E Solutions (BI) Ltd (AES) 
Aeroportos de Portugal, SA (ANA) 
British Transport Police Authority (BTP) 
Flugstodir (ISAVIA) 
e-semble BV – joined mid-way through project 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
Denmark
The Netherlands
United Kingdom
Belgium
Sweden
Sweden
Iceland
United Kingdom
Portugal
United Kingdom
Iceland
The Netherlands

354

.

m
o
c
o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

-
A
E
S
N

I
Y
G
©

n
n
o
o
i
i
t
t
a
a
m
m
r
r
o
o
f
f
n
n
I
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

CRISMA / Modelling crisis management for improved action  
and preparedness

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

284552

Total Cost  

€ 14,397,298

EU Contribution  

€ 10,107,160

Starting Date  

01/03/2012

End Date  

31/08/2015 

CRISMA IP focused on large-scale crisis scenarios with 

took into account the existing structures and practices as 

immediate and extended human, societal, structural, 

well as the research and development work done in the EU 

and economic, often irreversible, consequences, and im-

and its member states. The work was carried out in close 

pacts. These crisis scenarios cannot be managed just 

cooperation with the end-user partners who have wide 

by regular emergency and first responder resources, but 

experience in crisis management in complex situations, 

instead require multi-organizational and multi-national 

including national disasters and global response activities.

cooperation including humanitarian aid.

The CRISMA work plan consisted of several sub-projects 

CRISMA planned to develop an integrated planning and 

(SP) that were divided into several work packages. Those 

VALTION TEKNILLINEN 

decision support tool set that facilitates simulation and 

SPs defined Scenarios, Requirements and Criteria for 

TUTKIMUSKESKUS

modelling of realistic crisis scenarios with possible cas-

Crisis Management Modelling for the development of 

Tekniikankatu 1

P.O. Box 1300

cading and multi-risk effects, potential preparation and 

CRISMA, and developed components for the Integrated 

response actions, and the impact of crisis depending on 

Crisis Modelling System (ICMS) and Models for Multi-

FI-33101 Tampere, Finland

both the external factors driving the crisis development 

Sectoral Consequences. In the middle of the project, the 

Contact

and the various actions of the crisis management team. 

first version of the CRISMA system components was 

Anna-Mari Heikkilä

The CRISMA tool set aimed to enable decision makers 

tested and validated by the end-user pilots. End-User pi-

Tel  : +358 20 722 3490

and crisis managers to: 

Mobile  : +358 20 722 3490

lots should have tested and validated the CRISMA system 

and its components in two sequences, which provided 

Fax  : +358 20 722 3499

1.  Model possible multi-sector crisis scenarios and as-

feedback for the development work. The mid-term and 

E-mail  : 

sess the consequences of an incident

final validation of CRISMA’s results were performed in 

Anna-mari.heikkila@vtt.fi

Crisma.coordinator@vtt.fi 

2.  Simulate possible impacts resulting from alterna-

Website  : www.crismaproject.eu

tive actions

cooperation with the End-User Advisory Board.

3.  Support strategic decisions on capabilities, related 

investments, reserves, and inventories

4.  Optimize the deployment of resources dedicated to cri-
sis response in line with the evolvement of a crisis, and

5.  Improve action plans for preparedness and response 

phases of the crisis management.

Description of the work 

CRISMA built upon the existing tools and facilities provided 

by its research, industry, SME and end-user partners, and  

a
m
s
i
r
C
©

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planning 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CRISMA

355

Results

improve multi-organizational cooperation and common 

crisis perception as well as communication with other 

Instead of developing individual crisis management solu-

stakeholders and the public.

tions, CRISMA developed a generic software framework, 

based on the methodology for simulation-based deci-

The feasibility of the Framework, the software com-

sion support. The CRISMA Framework is composed of a 

ponents, and the underlying decision-support concepts 

range of software components, models, and supporting 

have been tested and validated in five pilot sites, under 

tools in order to combine them for different simulation 

monitoring of the CRISMA End-User Advisory Board. This 

applications in various crisis domains.

set of illustrative cases demonstrated the benefits of 

CRISMA for different end-users in various crises, high-

Within the CRISMA Framework, crisis managers and 

lighting the flexibility of the CRISMA results.

other decision-makers have multiple possibilities to 

connect models, data, and expertise with from many 

CRISMA builds upon the existing tools and facilities, tak-

sources for improving their understanding of complex 

ing into account the existing structures and practices as 

crisis scenarios and awareness of alternative prepar-

well as the R&D work done in the EU and its member 

edness, response, and mitigation actions. Moreover, 

states. This has also been gratefully acknowledged by 

CRISMA scenario comparisons and visualization tools 

the end-user community. 

PARTNERS 

Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus (VTT) 
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer) 
Analisi e Monitorraggio del Rischio Ambientale (AMRA) 
AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH. (AIT) 
Association for the Development of Industrial Aerodynamics (ADAI) 
Tallinna Tehnikaulikool - Tallinn University of Technology (TTU) 
NICE Systems Ltd (NICE) 
European Aeronautics Defence and Space Company – CASSIDIAN Division (EADS) 
Insta DefSec (INS) 
Spacebel S.A (SpB) 
Cismet GmbH (CIS) 
Pelastusopisto - The Emergency Services College (ESC) 
Magen David Adom (MDA) 
Public Safety Communication Europe Forum (PSCE) 
Ilmatieteen laitos - Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) 
Deutsches Rotes Kreutz (DRK) 
ARTELIA Eau & Environnement (AEE) 

COUNTRY

Finland
Germany
Italy
Austria
Portugal
Estonia
Israel
Germany
Finland
Belgium
Germany
Finland
Israel
Belgium
Finland
Germany
France

356

n
n
o
o
i
i
t
t
a
a
m
m
r
r
o
o
f
f
n
n
I
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

DRIVER+ / Driving Innovation in Crisis Management for European 
Resilience

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

607798

Total Cost  

€43,393,126.20

EU Contribution  

€33,468,209.00

Starting Date  

01/05/2014 (Restart: Sep-

tember 2017)

Duration  

72 Months

DRIVER+ aims to improve the way capability development 

In order to achieve these objectives, five sub-projects 

and innovation management are addressed, especially 

have been established: 

solutions for large-scale crises. 

» Project Management - consortium level project man-

» Some of these solutions will be:

agement

» A pan-European test-bed for crisis management (CM) 

capability development 

» Test-bed - deliver a guidance methodology and guid-
ance tool supporting the design, conduct and analysis 

of trials 

ATOS SPAIN S.A. (ATOS)

» A portfolio of solutions in the form of a database-driven 
website to document solutions tested via trials during 

» Solutions - a database driven website that documents 

Atos Research and  

the project lifetime

all results from the trials

Innovation (ARI)

C/ Albarracín 25

28037-Madrid-Spain

Contact

Pedro Soria-Rodriguez

Tel  : 34 912148478

E-mail  : 

pedro.soria@atos.net

Website  : www.driver-project.eu

» A shared understanding in CM across Europe, through 
enhancement of the cooperation framework and set-

» Trials - organise four series of trials 

up of a community of practice in crisis management

»  Impact, engagement and Sustainability -  communica-

tion and dissemination

DRIVER+ will carry out a wide range of activities to build 

and structure a dedicated community of practice (the 

“CM Innovation Network Europe”), connecting and foster-

ing the exchange on lessons learned and best practices 

between CM practitioners as well as solution providers, 

policy-makers and researchers.

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planningDRIVER+

357

Results

» More resilient societies by empowering all stakehold-
ers to play a constructive part in CM and disaster risk 

» Sustainable outcomes linked directly to the European 
Commission’s Community of Users on secure, safe and 

reduction

resilient societies, to ensure practitioners and solution 

providers get support for joint capability development

» An integrated innovation framework with tested so-

lutions

PARTNERS 

Atos Spain SA (ATOS) 
Totalforsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Austrian Red Cross Research Gmbh (ARC) 
Thales Communications & Security Sas (TCS) 
Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
Pole Euromediterraneen Sur Les Risques Association (POLE) 
Arttic (ARTTIC) 
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V (FhG) 
Institutt For Fredsforskning Stiftelse (PRIO) 
Deutsches Zentrum Fuer Luft - Und Raumfahrt Ev (DLR) 
Dansk Rode Kors (Danish Red Cross)  (DRC) 
The British Red Cross Society Royal Charter  (BRC) 
Magen David Adom In Israel (MDA) 
Gemeente Den Haag (THG) 
Bundesministerium Des Innern (THW) 
Myndigheten For Samhallsskydd Och Beredskap (MSB) 
Ecorys Nederland B.V. (Ecorys) 
Edisoft-Empresa De Servicos E Desenvolvimento De Software Sa (EDI)  
Gmv Aerospace And Defence Sa Unipersonal (GMV) 
Frequentis Ag (FRQ) 
Hkv Lijn In Water Bv (HKV) 
Itti Sp Zoo (ITTI) 
XVR Simulation BV (XVR) 
E-Semble Bv (E-Semble) 
Q4 Pr Limited (Q4PR) 
Public Safety Communication Europe Forum Aisbl (PSCE) 
Din Deutsches Institut Fuer Normung E.V. (DIN) 
Ait Austrian Institute Of Technology Gmbh (AIT) 
JRC -Joint Research Centre- European Commission (JRC) 
Association Pour La Recherche Et Le  Developpement Des Methodes  
Et Processus Industriels - Armines (ARMINES) 
Westfaelische Wilhelms-Universitaet Muenster (WWU) 
European Union Satellite Centre (EUSC) 
Institute Of Information And Communication Technologies (CSDM) 
Disaster Waste Recovery Lbg (DWR) 
Centro de Innovacion Tecnologica para Logistica Y Transporte Mercancias Carretera (CITET) 
European Organisation for Security (EOS) 
The Main School of Fire Service (SGSP) 
Centrum Badan Kosmicznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk (SRC PAS) 
Sisekaitseakadeemia (EASS) 
Entente Pour La Forêt Méditerranéenne (EPLFM) 

COUNTRY

Spain
Sweden
Austria
France
The Netherlands
France
France
Germany
Norway
Germany
Denmark
United Kingdom
Israel
The Netherlands
Germany
Sweden
The Netherlands
Portugal
Spain
Austria
The Netherlands
Poland
The Netherlands
The Netherlands
Ireland
Belgium
Germany
Austria
Belgium
France 

Germany
Spain
Bulgaria
United Kingdom
Spain
Belgium
Poland
Poland
Estonia
France

358

EMILI / Emergency management in large infrastructures

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-
d
a
N
b
e
T
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

242438

Total Cost   

€ 3,997,230.40

EU Contribution  

€ 3,139,228 

Starting Date  

01/01/2010

Duration 

36 months

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

FRAUNHOFER  

GESELLSCHAFT ZUR 

FORDERUNG DER  

ANGEWANDTEN  

FORSCHUNG E.V.

i
l
i

m
E
©

The project EMILI (“Emergency Management in Large 

Infrastructures”) is a capability project which aims at a 

new generation of data management and control sys-

tems for large infrastructures (CIs) including appropriate 

simulation and training capabilities. New Internet-based 

technologies like active and reactive behaviour through 

complex event processing and event action rules will be 

developed and adapted. Semantic technologies will allow 

computer systems to capture the meaning of a large va-

riety of information relevant in emergency management.

Description of the work

This is especially important in the case of emergencies 

Schloss Birlinghoven

and crises. Large Infrastructures are cost intensive, large, 

D-53754 Sankt Augustin

complex technical systems. They are frequently operated 

Germany

Contact

at their limits. Today, they are changing their charac-

teristics rapidly in various respects. These CIs depend 

Dr. Rüdiger Klein

on each other and interact with each other in many 

Tel.  : +49 2241 14 2608 

ways. Even small disturbances may trigger avalanches 

Fax  : +49 2241 14 2342

of failures in the same system and in depending ones. 

E-mail  : Ruediger.Klein@IAIS.

Quick and adequate reactions are key factors in safe 

Fraunhofer.de

and efficient operations of Critical Infrastructures today. 

Website  : www.emili-project.eu

Currently used data management and control systems of 

large Infrastructures mainly collect data from their own 

system and process them in a more or less pre-defined 

way. In order to adapt today’s control systems to the 

new challenges - especially to an efficient management 

of emergencies - we need a new generation of these 

control systems, and their methodology and technology.

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planning 
 
 
 
EMILI

359

Results

support. Training systems built on EMILI’s technology will 

enable effective and efficient preparation of people for 

This new generation of control systems is needed in 

all relevant kinds of decision making in critical situations.

order to improve the security of CIs like power grids 

and telecommunication systems, airports and railway 

Airport, public transport (Metro) and power grid systems 

systems, and oil and gas pipelines, under future technical, 

will serve as demonstration and validation bases.

economic, organisational, political, and legal conditions. 

Especially with a view to an efficient management of 

emergencies - a new generation of these control systems,  

and their methodology and technology is needed.

EMILI’s results will support the need for more complex 

and sophisticated control systems for CIs. This includes 

the necessary sophisticated human operator decision 

PARTNERS 

Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer-IAIS) 
Asit AG 
Aplicaciones en Informática Avanzada SA 
Skytec AG Consulting in Information Technologies 
Stichting Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica (CWI) 
Institut Mihajlo Pupin 
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München 

COUNTRY

Germany
Switzerland
Spain
Germany
The Netherlands
Serbia
Germany

360

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

n
o
o
h
K
n
a
K
n
a
T
©

i

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i
i

r
r
o
o
t
t
a
a
n
n
d
d
r
r
o
o
o
o
C
C

IDIRA / Interoperability of data and procedures in large-scale 
multinational disaster response actions

261726

Total Cost  

€ 10,925,164.35

EU Contribution  

€ 8,032,971.06

Starting Date  

01/05/2011

Duration  

48 months

FOERDERUNG DER  

ANGEWANDTEN  

FORSCHUNG E.V

Hansastrasse 27C

80686 - Muenchen 

Germany

Contact

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

A core step is the provision of a common operational 

picture, including structured text communication over 

There are currently no disaster management procedures, 

language barriers and information interchange for the 

tools and systems in the EU which fully take into account 

provision of early situational awareness to unit leaders 

the specific requirements of large-scale international 

before leaving their home country. Planning and optimisa-

cooperation in emergency situations. Those actions are 

tion tools for missing persons’ tracing are being integrated.

distinguished by many diverse emergency response 

organisations that need to collaborate across techno-

In the field of interoperable response management, a 

logical systems, organisational borders and language 

decision support system for coordinated multinational 

and cultural barriers. Technologies and procedures used 

response planning and optimisation is provided. This 

and researched so far have provided many solutions 

includes micro simulation as an up-to-date technol-

FRAUNHOFER-

for single aspects, but there is no concept available yet 

ogy for decision support. Additional fields of work are 

GESELLSCHAFT ZUR 

which supports the entire process. 

improvements in international donation management 

and multinational resource management for disaster 

In IDIRA we follow the vision of providing a conceptual 

response.

framework that allows for supporting and augmenting 

regionally available emergency management capaci-

For  training  and  dissemination  purposes,  local  and 

ties (including the existing IT systems) with a flexibly 

binational field training sessions are carried out. Finally, 

deployable Mobile Integrated Command and Control 

three multi-national and multi-organisational exercises 

Structure. This system of technologies and guidelines 

are being planned, covering flood, large-scale fire and 

Andreas Kuester

is designed to help in optimal resource planning and 

earthquake or pandemic events.

Tel  : +49 (0) 351 4640 667

operations across national and organisational borders.

Mobile  : +49 (0) 172 4117655

Fax  : +49 (0) 351 4640 803

E-mail  : Andreas.Kuester@ivi.

fraunhofer.de

Website  : 

Description of the work

At the final stage, a description of successful rules and 

procedures, the Architectural Reference for the Mobile 

Integrated Command & Control Structure and recom-

As part of the analysis of the state of the art, the work-

mendations for harmonization and standardization in 

flow in multinational disaster response actions is being 

the European Union are being presented.

http ://www.ivi.fraunhofer.de

modelled, and based on that a high-level specification 

of supporting technological components and a system 

Results

integration concept for interoperability and interfaces 

is being designed.

IDIRA (Interoperability of data and procedures in large-

scale multinational disaster response actions) developed, 

As interoperable communication is a prerequisite for 

demonstrated and assessed methods for coordinating 

successful disaster management, the Consortium works 

large-scale disaster situations via improved interoper-

on the integration of communication protocols for data 

ability, and focused on providing a common approach 

exchange and voice communication interoperability. 

for all stakeholders involved.

Furthermore data models for tasks and resources and 

the quick integration of geographic and attribute data 

The system was developed in close cooperation with 

as well as sensor data are being improved.

diverse end-users, including firefighters, medical rescue, 

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planning 
 
 
 
 
IDIRA

361

disaster relief organisations, defence and civil-military 

Situational awareness of foreign forces entering an af-

organisations.

fected area is supported with a new tool that allows for 

efficient generation of reports that describe the region, 

A system for the exchange of the most relevant informa-

situation and assigned tasks.

tion – incidents, alerts, resources, missing persons and 

urgent needs – was designed and implemented. Data 

During the project its solutions were evaluated by end-

exchange was based on well known standards. 

users for their potential to improve the effectiveness 

Legacy command and control systems can easily be 

system was deployed and demonstrated in three large-

adopted to facilitate these standards. Semantic inter-

scale exercises based on pandemic, flood, earthquake 

operability was achieved by using TSO codes. Moreover, 

and fire scenarios.

and efficiency of managing wide-area crises. The IDIRA 

expert systems can be connected to the developed mobile 

command and control structure. Basic tools for decision 

support, resource management and the ad-hoc import 

of data were integrated. Communication hardware was 

developed to provide broadband connectivity within af-

fected regions. 

PARTNERS 

Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer-IVI) 
Salzburg Research (SRFG) 
Frequentis (FRQ) 
Brimatech Services GmbH (BRI) 
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA) 
Earthquake Planning and Protection Organization (EPPO) 
German Red Cross (branch of the state of Saxony) (DRK-SN) 
University of Greenwich (UOG) 
IES Solutions (IES) 
Flexit Systems (FLEXIT) 
Austrian Red Cross Headquarters (ORK-HQ) 
Hellenic Ministry of Defence (HMOD) 
Department of Fire Brigade, Public Rescue and Civil Defence – Ministry of Interior (CNVVF) 
Satways Ltd. (STWS) 
TLP, spol. s r.o. (TLP) 
World Agency of Planetary Monitoring & Earthquake Risk Reduction (WAPMERR) 
Local Government of Achaia Prefecture (NEA) 
Center for Security Studies (KEMEA) 

COUNTRY

Germany
Austria
Austria
Austria
Greece
Greece
Germany
United Kingdom
Italy
Austria
Austria
Greece
Italy
Greece
Czech Republic
Switzerland
Greece
Greece

362

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

IMPRESS / IMPROVING PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE OF HEALTH 
SERVICES IN MAJOR CRISES

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

The development of the IMPRESS DSS components and 

software tools according to this architecture will take 

608078

Total Cost  

€ 4,280,345.60

EU Contribution  

€3,251,315.15

Starting Date  

01/05/2014

Duration  

36 months

INTRASOFT  

The main objectives of the IMPRESS project are to:

place in an iterative manner and includes the integra-

tion of individual components which collectively aim to:

» Re-balance the disproportion between response needs 
and health system capacity, through the proper mo-

bilization of additional resources (material, logistics, 

» orchestrate the information flow, strengthen interoper-
ability, and support communication among the compo-

and health personnel) and enhanced organization (e.g. 

nents as well as to track the assets of the designated 

e-triage, and interoperability of health services).

facilities in real time.

» Remediate the information deficit with the rapid col-
lection of relevant data, and exchange of adequate 

» facilitate field data collection and information exchange 
between medical first responders and emergency man-

International SA  (INTRA)

information. Support decision making according to the 

agement facilities.

RID 

impact of crisis and incident type to the Health Status 

RUE MONTOYER 40 

of the Community.

1000 BRUXELLES - Belgium

Contact

BABIS IPEKTSIDIS 

Tel  : +32 22381717

Fax  : +32 22381710

E-mail  : Babis.IPEKTSIDIS@

intrasoft-intl.com 

Website  : 

» Improve the response and preparedness level of Health 
services based on efficient planning, integral organiza-

The IMPRESS DSS and its components will be tested 

and validated in a testbed environment and two field 

trials that will take place in Italy and Bulgaria (the latter 

in cooperation with Greek partners simulating a cross-

tion and comprehensive training, using interoperable 

border crisis situation).

tools and systems.

» Enhance interoperability within the same, and among 
different, EMS organizations using a common taxonomy 

In addition, the project will develop proper training tools 

and audio-visual utilities for familiarizing potential stake-

holders with public health emergencies and IMPRESS.

www.fp7-impress.eu

and providing stakeholders in the emergency response 

domain with a compatible operational framework.

Results

Description of the work

IMPRESS (IMproving Preparedness and Response of 

HEalth Services in major criseS) aimed to improve the 

IMPRESS activities began with the definition of health 

efficiency of decision making in emergency health op-

needs in emergency situations, aligned with stakeholders’ 

erations to improve the quality of services provided to 

requirements, and developing the conceptual and organi-

citizens.

zational framework in which the IMPRESS solution will fit.  

Based on that framework, the design and development 

health service providers have to deal with two basic 

of the relative system architecture will take place, fo-

challenges: the gap between needs and the available 

cusing on real-world cases and user requirements for 

human/material resources in their response capacity, 

developing the IMPRESS decision support system (DSS) 

and the inherent time constraints of an emergency. The 

Incident  management  stakeholders  and  emergency 

components and tools.

drawback with current health emergency management 

systems lies in their command and control operations 

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planningIMPRESS

363

that must coordinate the actions of separate services into 

IMPRESS will help improve the integration of health care 

an effective, multi-faceted crisis response mechanism. 

actors and volunteers with other crisis management 

(CM) actors, providing an overall competitive advantage 

IMPRESS provides an end-to-end operational system 

to CM-related SMEs and large businesses in Europe.

and respective services to effectively manage medical 

resources, prepare and coordinate response activities 

among diverse agencies. Its dynamic decision support 

system uses data from multiple heterogeneous sources 

to facilitate timely and more informed decisions during 

critical situations. Its solution facilitates communication 

between health services and emergency responders at 

all levels vis-à-vis health care system support, supervi-

sion and management of participating organisations. 

Its technology helps health services to become more 

efficient and interoperable with other emergency re-

sponse stakeholders. 

PARTNERS 

INTRASOFT International SA (INTRA-BE) 
Department of Health (PHE) 
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) 
ADITESS - Advanced Integrated Technology Solutions and Services Ltd (ADIT) 
SATWAYS - Proionta Kai Ypiresies Tilematikis Diktyakon Kai Tilepikinoniakon Efarmogon Etairia  
Periorismenis Efthinis Epe (STWS) 
Institute of Information and Communication Technologies (IICT-BAS) 
Center for Security Studies (KEMEA) 
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. (IVI) 
ECOMED bvba (ECOMED) 
European University Cyprus (EUC) 
Ministry Of Health (MoH) 
INTRASOFT International SA (INTRA) 

COUNTRY

Belgium 
United Kingdom
Italy
Cyprus
Greece 

Bulgaria 
Greece
Germany
Belgium 
Cyprus
Greece
Luxembourg

364

INDIGO / Crisis management solutions

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-
a
v
o
t
a
r
k
n
a
P

a
n

i
l

a
G
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

242341

Total Cost  

€ 3,835,727

EU Contribution  

€ 2,787,672

Starting date  

01/05/2010

End Date  

30/04/2013

DIGINEXT SARL

Impasse de la Draille

The INDIGO project aims to research, develop and vali-

date an innovative system integrating the latest advanc-

» The intuitive authoring and simulation of different 
evolving scenarios for planning, training, and anticipat-

es in Virtual Reality and Simulation in order to enhance 

ing future states and impending developments during 

both the effectiveness of operational preparedness and 

operations, and analysing events after the crisis; 

the management of an actual crisis or disaster. 

The proposed system will prove an essential and inte-

» The involvement of multiple participants (field units 
as well as decision makers and commanders), thanks 

grated tool for training personnel, planning operations, 

to its distributed architecture, while offering a unique 

and facilitating crisis management and co-operation 

pictorial way of sharing and communicating complex 

across organisations and nations. It will enable users to : 

knowledge across organisation boundaries;

Parc d’Activités La Duranne

13100 Aix en Provence 

» display and manipulate an operational visual repre-
sentation of the situation that is as complete and as 

» The preparation of a standard proposition for a Euro-
pean 2D/3D emergency symbology (symbols, indica-

France

Contact

Jerome Duchon

easy to understand as possible, for indoor and outdoor 

tors, colours) on 2D and 3D maps. 

situations ;

Results

Tel  : +33 (0)5 61 17 66 66

Fax  : +33 (0)5 61 17 65 78

» simulate different evolving scenarios for planning, 
training, and anticipating future states and impending 

The project developed a system to improve crisis man-

E-mail  : Duchon@diginext.

developments during operations, and analyse events 

agement and crisis training, while improving cooperation 

no-spam.fr

after the crisis ;

Website  : http ://indigo.c-s.fr

across organisations and nations. The system integrates 

the latest advances in virtual reality and simulation in 

» involve first responders and emergency field units in 

order to homogenize and enhance both operational pre-

simulated exercises ;

paredness and management of an actual complex crisis. 

» enhance the work across organisational boundaries 

INDIGO’s  technology  provides  for  inter-organisation 

and decision levels.

Description of the work 

preparation and response to trans-boundary crises and 

disasters in any environment. It also allows for inter-

organisation exercises and information sharing and 

analysis to improve horizontal and vertical relations. 

The INDIGO consortium provides the world-class and 

Its features include:

complementary competencies required to tackle the fol-

lowing scientific and technological challenges :

» The 3D interactive and realistic visualisation of the 
complete crisis environment, including data coming 

from the field, simulation results, and building interiors;

» 3D interactive and realistic visualization of the com-
plete crisis environment, including data coming from 

the field, simulation results, and building interiors;

» creation and simulation of different evolving scenarios 
for planning, training, and anticipating future states 

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planning 
 
 
INDIGO

365

and impending developments during operations, and 

the analysis of events after the crisis;

» simultaneous training of decision makers, crisis manag-
ers and first responders influenced by simulated sce-

nario and who would reciprocally influence its evolution;

INDIGO also drew up a European emergency symbology 

for 2D/3D maps. This will fill an important gap by offer-

ing a common visual reference that can be used across 

Europe for an immediate understanding of a situation, 

thus improving decision-making across organizational 

boundaries. 

PARTNERS 

Diginext SARL 
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche 
Centre for Advanced Studies, Research and Development in Sardinia 
Immersion SAS 
European Committee for Standardization 
Crisisplan 
Swedish National Defence College 
Entente pour la forêt méditerranéenne 

COUNTRY

France
Italy
Italy
France
Belgium
The Netherlands
Sweden
France

366

k
c
o
t
s
k
n
h
T
©

i

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

OPSIC / Operationalising Psychosocial Support in Crisis

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

312783

Total Cost  

€ 4,371,594.28

EU Contribution  

€ 3,333,918

Starting Date  

01/02/2013

End Date  

31/01/2016

Over the past 20 years, psychosocial support (PSS) has 

and phases of crisis (natural or man-made) and gaps 

played an increasingly important role in responses to 

were filled-in from literature. Where this was not pos-

crises and a number of high-quality European PSS guide-

sible, recommendations for future research were made. 

lines and best practice studies have been made. However, 

Finally, a clear overview of existing guidelines was made.

none of the existing guidelines are fully comprehensive 

in terms of psychosocial support for all target groups, in 

Focusing on crises which took place in Europe during the 

different phases and different types of crisis.

past 10-15 years, existing best practice studies were 

identified and criteria for best practices in PSS assess-

The objective of the project was to design and develop 

ment, intervention and established, were listed. This 

Danish Red Cross (DRC)

an IT/web-based comprehensive operational guidance 

resulted in an overview of best practices.

IFRC Reference Centre for 

system (OGS) based on new research and analysis of 

Psychosocial Support

existing PSS guidelines and best practices. The OGS oper-

A review of studies on long-term impact of crises was 

Blegdamsvej 27

ated as a common shared platform and single point of 

made, including long-term psychological, societal and 

2100 Copenhagen OE

reference for PSS in crisis management, serving multiple 

cultural impact of crises as well as resilience factors at 

Denmark

Contact

target groups with multiple functions.

the individual, family, group, community and societal 

levels in affected populations.

Martha Margrethe Bird

A  static  part  of  the  OGS  included  a  comprehensive 

Tel  : +45 3525 9341

guideline and a clear overview of existing guidelines, 

Incorporating all of the above, a comprehensive guideline 

Mobile  : +45 31 69 65 40

providing crisis managers and other professionals with 

was made based on recommendations for best practice 

Fax  : +45 35 25 92 92

an IT-based best practice go-to-point for all methods and 

PSS interventions for all relevant types and phases of cri-

E-mail  : mabir@rodekors.dk

tools needed to plan, as well as conduct and evaluate PSS 

ses as well as target groups. Ethical, cultural and gender 

Website  : www.opsic.eu

interventions throughout all stages and all kinds of crises.

considerations were taken into account. An IT/web-based 

An interactive part of the OGS gave staff, volunteers, vic-

developed. It was validated through workshops, dem-

tims and affected communities direct access to relevant 

onstrations and simulation tests in three countries with 

PSS information and guidance on self-help tools and 

crisis managers, first responders and volunteers. Lessons 

methods. As PSS crisis managers could access statistical 

learned have been incorporated into the comprehensive 

operational guidance system (OGS) was designed and 

information based on hits and completed questionnaires, 

guidelines as well as the OGS.

this platform could also be used to monitor the resilience 

and psychosocial well-being of helpers and survivors so 

Subsequently, the OGS was demonstrated for a govern-

that timely support may be provided.

mental end-user and a road map for implementation 

Description of the work

of the OGS into EU end-users’ protocols was prepared.

Throughout the process, the advisory board and the 

Existing PSS guidelines were identified and analysed in 

ethical board as well as project partners participated in 

order to assess their practical relevance. Their tools and 

consultations and give recommendations.

methods were matched to various target groups, types  

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planning 
 
 
OPSIC

367

Results

The comprehensive operational guidance system (COM-

PASS) provides an integrated web-based platform for 

OPSIC successfully developed the Mental Health and 

practical MHPSS guidance in crisis management. An-

Psychosocial Support (MHPSS) Comprehensive Guideline. 

chored in an advanced IT system, it stores all relevant 

This quality management instrument points users to 

information, guidelines, and tools in one place. With COM-

relevant guidelines, resources, and tools for planning 

PASS, professionals can share knowledge and ensure a 

and implementing MHPSS programmes at all phases of 

coherent and coordinated approach, and the population 

response, in all types of disasters, and with all possible 

can access relevant information and get in touch with 

target groups. The guideline contains 51 action sheets, or 

MHPSS professionals.

planning tools, for general crisis managers, psychosocial 

crisis managers, mental health professionals, and other 

Encouraged by strong, positive, and concrete interest 

practitioners. It also contains new academic knowledge 

from  governmental  end-users  in  several  European 

on long term consequences of crisis, best practices, and 

countries, the consortium has created the COMPASS 

the PSYQUAL assessment tool.

Foundation to maintain, develop and make COMPASS 

widely accessible. 

PARTNERS 

Danish Red Cross (DRC) 
University of Innsbruck, Dept. of Psychology (UIBK) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast-natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek (TNO) 
IMPACT (IMPACT) 
Academic Medical Centre (AMC) 
University of Zagreb, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences (UNIZ) 
Magen David Adom (MDA) 
General Directorate of Emergency and Civil Protection -Samur (SAMUR) 
Centre for Science, Society and Security (CSSC) 
Crossing Channels (CC) 
The National Centre for Crisis Management Research and Training (CRiSMART) 

COUNTRY

Denmark
Austria
The Netherlands
The Netherlands
The Netherlands
Croatia
Israel
Spain
Italy
The Netherlands
Sweden

368

e
d
o

.

i
l

e
x
i
p

/

l

r
e
g
e
a
h
c
s
f
o
H

.

S
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

OPTI-ALERT /Enhancing the efficiency of alerting systems 
through personalized, culturally sensitive multi-channel communication

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

261699

Total Cost  

€ 3,543,462 

EU Contribution  

€ 2,531,122 

Starting Date 

01/01/2011

Duration  

36 months

The Opti-Alert project strives to improve the alerting of the 

general public in crisis situations through personalized, 

culturally sensitive multi-channel communication. The 

objective of this project is to develop an alerting suite that:

» allows for a rapid simulation of the impact of different 
alerting strategies (depending on the selected media-

media;

mix and current availability of communication media);

i
i

r
r
o
o
t
t
a
a
n
n
d
d
r
r
o
o
o
o
C
C

FRAUNHOFER 

GESELLSCHAFT ZUR

FOERDERUNG DER 

ANGEWANDTEN 

FORSCHUNG E.V.

Institute for Software and 

» supports the composition of the optimal mix of com-
munication channels (individualized alerting channels 

and mass media);

» improves alert compliance through social and cultural 
adaptation and personalization of alert messages and 

Systems Engineering ISST,  

communication channels;

Department of Targeted 

Alerting Systems

Steinplatz 2

10623 Berlin  

Germany

Contact

a selected alert strategy;

» can simultaneously address a large variety of commu-
nication channels to facilitate efficient high-throughput 

Dr. Michael Klafft

alerting; and

Tel  : +49 (0) 30 24306 365

» an analysis of the influence which the observed socio-
cultural differences have on regional alerting strategies;

» an analysis of the impact of individualized alerting 
(via SMS, E-Mail, etc.) and alerting via the mass media;

» the identification of best-practices in alerting via mass 

» a definition of appropriate algorithms for the simu-
lation of alert propagation within the population (in 

general, but also inside critical infrastructures such 

as metro stations), depending on the selected mix of 

communication channels and communication patterns 

between humans.

One goal of Opti-Alert is to improve the impact of alerts 

by developing alerting strategies that take socio-cultural 

characteristics of the message recipients into account. 

and different usage patterns with respect to media and 

communication channels. Based upon the situational and 

socio-cultural context of an alert situation, the authori-

ties will be able to simulate different alerting strategies 

(in terms of communication channels and media mix). 

This will allow authorities to re-assess alert procedures 

» supports the rapid and automated implementation of 

This can refer to both differences in risk perceptions 

Fax  : +49 (0) 30 24306 599

» can be integrated with existing tools and legacy sys-

and processes and to improve impact and coverage of 

E-mail  : Michael.Klafft@isst.

tems via well-defined interfaces.

alerts. Another goal of Opti-Alert is the adaptation of 

fraunhofer.de

Website  : www.opti-alert.eu

Description of the work 

alert content to the socio-cultural milieu of the mes-

sage recipients. This refers, e.g., to the wording of the 

messages, or layout and design. The idea is to improve 

The objectives of the Opti-Alert project are supported 

the compliance of alert recipients with the proposed 

by the following key research activities :

protective actions by creating trust and, if necessary, 

a sense of urgency (or calm) among those who have 

» an in-depth analysis of the impact that social and 
cultural and regional factors have on risk perception 

been warned.

and risk communication; 

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planning 
 
 
 
OPTI-ALERT

369

Results 

In addition to in-depth and interdisciplinary studies of so-

ciologists and media scientists on the perception of crisis 

communication, Opti-Alert will develop a demonstrator 

to test the proposed socio-culturally adaptive alerting 

tool and the corresponding alert simulation component 

in practice. Furthermore, an interface definition will be 

specified so that existing as well as new and emerg-

ing communication channels can be connected to the 

Opti-Alert toolsuite. The goal is to provide an alerting 

platform that can later be used internationally in order to 

efficiently address the information needs of the popula-

tion in times of crisis.

PARTNERS 

Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer-FHSS) 
e*Message Wireless Information Services Deutschland GmbH (EMESS) 
UBIMET GmbH (UBIMET) 
Proteo S. p. A. (PROTEO)  
UNIQA Versicherungen AG (UNI) 
Göteborgs Universitet (UGOT) 
Süddeutsches Institut für empirische Sozialforschung e.V. (SINE)  
Regione Sicilia (SIC) 
Nederlands Instituut Fysieke Veiligheid (NIFV)  
Università degli Studi di Perugia (UNIPG)  
THALES Services SAS (THALES) 

COUNTRY

Germany
Germany
Austria
Italy
Austria
Sweden
Germany
Italy
The Netherlands
Italy
France

370

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

POP-ALERT /Population Alerting: Linking Emergencies, Resilience 
and Training

608030

Total Cost  

€ 1,134,770.80

EU Contribution  

€998,848.38 

Starting Date 

01/04/2014

Duration  

24 months

UNIVERSITY OF 

GREENWICH

Park Row, Greenwich

SE10 9LS, LONDON, 

UNITED KINGDOM

Contact

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

» Study the best ways to blend contemporary tools with 
the existing practices in order to create flexible and 

The main objective of POP-ALERT is to prepare socie-

easily deployable toolkits for preparing and alarming 

ties and populations for crises and disasters in a rapid, 

the European population in case of a crisis, taking into 

effective and efficient way by blending traditional Crisis 

account social and cultural differences;

Preparedness and First-Reaction strategies with the use 

of innovative tools. POPALERT’s conceptual approach 

focuses on how best to alert and support action by citi-

» Propose a pilot project by designing criteria for selection 
of the area and population to be involved in the pilot, 

zens under crisis conditions, in familiar and unfamiliar 

developing scenarios and objectives;

surroundings using mechanisms that will follow intuitive 

human behaviour. 

» Provide a generic methodology to assess the effective-
ness in raising an improved level of preparedness of 

POP-ALERT’s  objectives  recognise  that  in  most 

the community.

School of Computing and 

circumstances the number of personal response options 

Mathematical Sciences

are limited and the correct responses may have to be 

Description of the work 

Old Royal Naval College, 

initiated without any prior knowledge of the surroundings 

or threats.

POP-ALERT proposes to undertake thorough behavioural 

research and Crisis Management research in order to 

The project will aim to achieve the following:

create a framework to facilitate the assessment of the 

Prof. Lachlan MacKinnon 

Tel  : +44 2083318544

» Gain  insight  into  society’s  understanding  of  large 
scale  disaster  events,  their  willingness  to  accept 

Fax  : +44 2083318824

risk probabilities and engage in preparedness, and 

population’s capacity to make use of different Crisis 

Management strategies and technologies developed at 

the EU level.

E-mail  : L.Mackinnon@

their behavioural responses to diverse situations by 

The project will seek to study the best ways to blend 

greenwich.ac.uk

measuring expectations in both domestic and foreign 

contemporary tools with the existing practices identified 

Website  : www.gre.ac.uk

situations;

in order to create flexible and easily deployable toolkits 

for preparing and alarming the European population 

» Identify  success  stories  within  existing  and  past 
community preparedness programmes – both at the 

in case of a crisis. The approach this project proposes 

for improving the current practices revolves around the 

local and EU level – and compile a portfolio of case 

use of messaging and cultural sharing technologies to 

studies on social networking and community initiatives 

create awareness.

which could potentially be replicated in crisis;

» Undertake  evidence-based  research  on  the  most 
effective existing delivery routes for informing European 

POP-ALERT will propose a pilot project in order to test the 

generic methodologies and to assess their effectiveness 

in raising an improved level of preparedness of the 

citizens  in  a  situation  of  crisis  and  to  assess  the 

community.

overarching authority strategies of local and national 

administrations to contribute to the preparedness of 

citizens;

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planningPOP-ALERT

371

Results 

an improved level of preparedness in rural and urban 

communities, consisting of residential and transient 

POP-ALERT carried out desktop-based research and 

populations. 

online surveys to examine population behaviour and 

attitudes in preparation for, and reaction to, crises. These 

Key outputs from the project were:

took into account new issues related to both local popula-

tions and visitors such as expatriates or tourists (cultural 

» Survey dataset on awareness and preparedness for 

differences, language barriers, etc.).

disaster scenarios of the EU population

POP-ALERT put together a portfolio of case studies of 

preparedness arrangements, social networking and com-

» An additional data set derived from pre- and post-
event questionnaires and feedback generated within 

munity initiatives which could be replicated for crises with 

the “Pandora+” training tool

a European dimension and for cross-border disasters. 

Improving the current practices revolved around the use 

» Case studies identifying best practice

of messaging and cultural sharing technologies to create 

awareness. These were focused on those technologies 

» A proposed common alerting mechanism

and approaches that offer the best form of accessibility 

and penetration for citizens and authorities. 

Two pilot experiments were run in Portugal and France 

» An information framework in the form of an online 
dashboard that provides real-time information to the 
public; the framework incorporates traditional and new 

to test capabilities of the generic methodologies iden-

media, ensuring the broadest possible coverage

tified and to assess their effectiveness in developing 

PARTNERS 

University of Greenwich 
European Organisation For Security SCRL (EOS) 
Association Comité National Français du Comité Technique International de 
Prévention et d’Extinction du Feu (CTIF) 
Altran BV (ALTRAN) 
Camara Municipal de Lisboa (CML) 
Training 4 Resilience (T4R) 
Siemens Schweiz AG (SIEMENS) 
Empresa de Servicos e Desenvolvimento de Software SA (EDISOFT) 
Center for Security Studies (KEMEA) 
University of Chester 
Service Départemental d’Incendie et de Secours de la Haute-Corse (SDIS 2B) 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
Belgium
France 

The Netherlands
Portugal
United Kingdom
Switzerland
Portugal
Greece
United Kingdom
France

372

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

PREDICT /Preparing for the Domino Effect in Crisis Situations

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

607697

Total Cost  

€4,635,020.99

EU Contribution  

€3,460,192.99

Starting Date 

01/04/2014

Duration  

36 months

To reduce the impact of crisis with cascading effects by:

» Improving capabilities to respond to crisis

» PREDICT aimed to deliver a set of tools to deal with 
cascading effects in multi-sectoral crisis situations, cov-

ering aspects of critical infrastructures. The integrated 

PREDICT Tool (iPDT) was designed to train decision mak-

» Increasing awareness and understanding of cascad-

ers & information coordinators in crisis management 

ing effects

organisations and to help with prediction and decision 

support during the “hot phase” of a crisis.

» Enhancing the preparedness of crisis management 

practitioners for cascading effects

COMMISSARIAT A  

L’ENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET 

» 

AUX ENERGIES  

ALTERNATIVES (CEA)

CEA Centre Gramat

46 500 Gramat - FRANCE

Contact

Dominique Sérafin  

Tel  : +33 (0) 5 65 10 54 32

Mobile  :  

+33 (0) 6 76 73 54 32

E-mail  :  

Dominique.serafin@cea.fr

Website  :  

www.predict-project.eu 

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planningPREDICT

373

Results 

PREDICT resulted in:

» 

» The iPDT, a new advanced decision support and train-

ing prototype

» Three test cases across Europe

» A cascading-effect assessment methodology

» A training and tool validation methodology

» Information about dependencies & interdependencies 

» A solid pan-European network of crisis management 

practitioners

PARTNERS 

Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique (CEA) 
ITTI Sp. Zo.o. (ITTI) 
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e. V. (Fraunhofer) 
THALES SA (Thales) 
Compagnie Européenne d’Intelligence Stratégique (CEIS) 
Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO) 
Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT) 
Veiligheids regio Zuid-Holland Zuid (Safety region South-Holland South) (VRZHZ) 
Suomen Ympäristökeskus  (SYKE) 
Union Internationale des Chemins de Fers (UIC) 
Thales Netherlands (TRT-NL) 

COUNTRY

France
Poland
Germany
France
Belgium
The Netherlands
Finland
The Netherlands
Finland
France
The Netherlands

PSYCRIS /PSYcho-Social Support in CRISis Management

374

k
c
o
t
s
r
e
t
t
u
h
S
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

system (PsyCris Preparedness-Planning-Prevention (PPP) 

312395

Total Cost  

€ 4,774,842.99 

EU Contribution  

€ 3,827,525.79  

Starting Date 

01/07/2013

Duration  

36 months

The aim of PsyCris is to develop and provide a roadmap 

Platform). 

as a bottom-up strategy to improve the psycho-social 

The  PsyCris  PPP  Platform  will  be  developed  on  the 

support infrastructure and the transnational cooperation 

grounds of our understanding of prevention, which is 

of psycho-social emergency response services after a 

based on three stages: primary, secondary and tertiary 

major incident in Europe. Within this overall objective, 

prevention. Finally, the effectiveness of PsyCris PPP Plat-

the proposed project PsyCris (36-months) has the fol-

form will be evaluated, once again involving end-users 

lowing goals: (1) status quo analysis of psychological 

in this process.

and medical support in crises in European countries, 

(2) improvement of support strategies for victims and 

Research and development are based on a multi-dis-

Ludwig-Maximilians-

crisis managers, (3) enhancement of psycho-medical 

ciplinary approach including methods from psychology 

Universitaet Muenchen 

preparedness for major incidents (contingency planning), 

(e.g. stress management, human resources manage-

– (LMU)

(4) development of interventions to deal with stress and 

ment, psycho-trauma intervention), education sciences 

Department Psychologie

reduce stress related disorders of crisis management 

(e.g. knowledge management), informatics (e.g. decision 

Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1

personnel and authorities, (4) providing efficient self-

making heuristics), engineering, sociology and health 

80539 – MÜNCHEN

help strategies to communities affected by crises and 

sciences. Current and possible changes in society, health 

GERMANY

Contact

Dr. Christine Adler

Tel  : +49 89 2180 5175

Fax  : +49 89 2180 5224

(5) investigation of long-term psychosocial, societal and 

systems and climate as well as cross-cultural and gender 

cultural impact of crises.

Description of the work 

aspects are carefully considered. The 11 partners of the 

consortium comprise research centres, public bodies, 

small / medium enterprises and stakeholder / end-user 

organisations from Germany, Spain, Israel, Lithuania, 

E-mail  :  

The PsyCris project will be executed over a 36-month 

Luxembourg and Austria. 

Christine.adler@psy.Imu.de

period in three stages. The first stage is characterised 

Website  :  

by the concept development of three reference disaster 

www.uni-muenchen.de

scenarios. The opinion and comments of end-users will 

be included in this process. The actual needs of end-

users will be carefully identified. This will ensure high 

quality user requirements specification and a realistic 

operational concept accepted by the end-users. An evalu-

ation of effective psycho-medical interventions and of 

longer term societal, psychological and cultural impact 

of a crisis will be carried out. In the second stage, the de-

velopment and design of the components of the PsyCris 

tool kits will take place. In the third stage, the various 

components (e.g. stress assessment, stress management, 

contingency planning, help the people help themselves) 

will be integrated in an overall PsyCris tool kit demonstra-

tor, which will be based on a comprehensive knowledge 

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planning 
PsyCris

375

Results 

As its main product, the project will provide a set of tool 

kits enabling (1) efficient handling of relevant data, (2) 

transfer of knowledge and practical competences rel-

evant for crisis management, stress control and social 

support and (3) rapid decision-making in crises. The tool 

kits are integrated within a computerised knowledge 

system combining e-learning and face-to-face teach-

ing. PsyCris will propose guidelines for preparedness, 

prevention and intervention for crises: it is expected 

that the results will have a significant impact on public 

health, community resilience, international cooperation 

and cost containment.

PARTNERS 

Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen (LMU) 
Universidad de Granada  (UGR) 
UMIT-Private Universität für Gesundheitswissenschaften, Medizinische Informatik und Technik (UMIT) 
Viesoji Istaiga Kitokie projektai  (KKP) 
Blended Solutions GmbH (BSO) 
Bayerische Forschungsallianz (Bavarian Research Alliance) GmbH  (BayFOR) 
Amuta LeYeladim beSikun - Cohen-Harris Resilience Center for Trauma and Disaster Intervention  (CHC) 
Unfallkasse Thüringen  (UKT) 
Insight Instruments  (ISI) 
Protection Civile Luxembourg Groupe de Support Psychologique ASBL (GSP) 
Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos de Andalucía Oriental (COPAO) 

COUNTRY

Germany
Spain
Austria
Lithuania
Germany
Germany
Israel
Germany
Austria
Luxembourg
Spain

376

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

PULSE /Platform for European Medical Support during major 
Emergencies

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

607799

Total Cost  

€ 3,921,640.00 

EU Contribution  

€ 2,789,940.00 

Starting Date 

01/05/2014

Duration  

30 months

In Europe, one of the core emergency response services 

The project will begin by comprehensively studying the 

to deadly threats such as pandemic disease and major 

procedures, processes and training requirements in cur-

terrorism attacks is the European Health Services (EHS). 

rent operation at the EHS, using the support of end users 

The EHS comprises key stakeholders that include hospi-

available to the project. It will then:

tals, community health services, pre-hospital emergency 

care services, medical suppliers, rescue services, health 

» Develop standard and consistent response procedures 

related voluntary services and others. It is crucial to the 

and processes;

EHS that it remains in an excellent state of preparedness 

supported by first-class planning and decision support 

» Provide tools to support decision making in both prepar-

SKYTEK + (SKYTEK)

tools. Moreover, in the response phase, EHS need con-

edness and response phases;

Research and Development

sistent, coordinated and standardised advanced support 

51 Fitzwilliam Square

methods and tools providing support in critical tasks such 

D2 – Dublin - Ireland

as early threat detection, common operational picture, 

» Provide a framework to ensure decision makers have 
access to timely key data, planning and decision sup-

Contact

Sarah Bourke

creation of surge capacity etc. Finally, at a pan-European 

port tools and international best practice and policies;

level, EHS need an interoperable framework with the 

Tel  : +353 - 16787660

ability to provide a coordinated European response to 

» Present innovative training techniques to improve per-

Fax  : +353-1-6787636

any major medical incident.

sonnel response training;

E-mail  :  

Sarah.bourke@skytek.com

PULSE aims to meet these challenges.

Website  : www.skytek.com 

» Develop an ‘emergency app’ for smart phones to allow 
users fast and flexible access to emergency resource 

availability information;

The PULSE framework solution will be validated by two 

pilot scenarios based on multiple exercises and demon-

strations: a) a biological attack in Italy and b) a major 

stadium ‘crush’ at a Dublin concert. Both will involve cross 

border support from neighbouring countries

Results 

PULSE system was designed to fill gaps in existing re-

gional, national and EU-level health systems (EHS). It 

created a framework and interoperable platform for a 

coordinated European response to events.

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planningPULSE

377

PULSE’s system was based on the following:

» Better use of volunteers and NGOs

» Better monitoring of indicators

» Flexible state-of-the-art and collaborative training 

» Early on-site contingency planning

and exercising

» Fast setup of disaster control (staffing, authorisation, 

adapted to the end-user through customisation and 

infrastructure)

tailoring of the user interfaces.

Each of the above may be further refined and better 

» Fast and flexible on-site treatment and availability of 

The PULSE platform can also be used for table top ex-

first-aid material

ercises with adequate data input. Such exercises on the 

platform can identify needs and gaps not only of the 

» Cross border resource sharing and coordination

system, but also of the systems that are being analysed.

» Flexible and targeted use of hospital capacities and 

surge requirements

PARTNERS 

Skytek Ltd (SKYTEK) 
Centre for European Security Strategies (CESS) 
Onest Solutions Srl (ONEST) 
Trilateral Research & Consulting LLP (TRILATERAL) 
Universita Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore (UCSC) 
Selex ES SPA (SES) 

COUNTRY

Ireland
Germany
Romania
United Kingdom
Italy
Italy

378

V
N
E
R
U
C
E
S
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SECURENV /Assessment of environmental accidents  
from a security perspective

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives 

Results 

218152

Total Cost   

€ 1,205,870

EU Contribution   

€850,596.50

Starting Date   

01/05/2009

End Date   

30/04/2011

SECURENV aimed to develop a knowledge base and 

The initial project output was a review and assessment 

research agenda for  future threats associated with pos-

of past environmental accidents, catastrophes and ex-

sible deliberate attacks on the environment – including 

amples of deliberate attacks on the environment. This 

‘environmental terrorism’ or attempts to amplify the 

created a database of 330 entries. Though this database 

damage inflicted on environmental elements by con-

catalogued substantial anecdotal evidence of deliberate 

ventional security incidents. 

environmental destruction throughout history, the actual 

number of incidents described as direct ‘environmental 

 The ultimate goal of the project was to catalogue and 

terrorism’ is limited. 

prioritise potential threats in this area, support the de-

Geonardo Environmental 

velopment of appropriate policy counter measures and 

However, environmental damage as the result of or-

mitigation strategies.

Technologies Ltd.

Záhony utca, 7

1031 - Budapest  

Hungary

Contact

Balazs Bodo

Tel  : +36 1250 6703

Mobile  : +36 20 317 2087

Fax  : +36 1 436 9038

E-mail  : coordinator@

securenv.eu

Website  : www.securenv.eu

ganised crime appears to be an emerging phenomenon, 

whilst increasingly strict environmental regulations are 

generating larger numbers of notable incidents: ie., the 

threshold of tolerance for incidents has been lowered, 

with a corresponding decrease in investment for causing 

such an incident.

Several examples of environmental warfare were also 

identified, with special attention being given to incidents 

such as the potential release of invasive species by a 

would-be attacker. These findings have been integrated 

to a ‘foresight model’, through which the inherent risk and 

likelihood of an incident manifesting can be calculated.

These models were used to develop a systematic secu-

rity foresight approach. The resulting methodology is a 

combination of assessment methods including input and 

expertise from a survey addressing more than 600 ex-

perts in Europe and beyond, as well as scenario-building 

workshops involving 15-20 consortia experts. 

The policy recommendations and mitigations strategies 

related to these findings, due to the sensitive nature of 

this topic area, are largely classified.

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planning 
SECURENV

379

V
N
E
R
U
C
E
S
©

PARTNERS 

Geonardo Environmental Technologies Ltd. 
Adelphi Research 
Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 

COUNTRY

Hungary
Germany
Sweden

 
380

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

S-HELP /Securing Health.Education.Learning.Planning

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Results 

607865

Total Cost   

€ 4,436,136.72

EU Contribution   

€3,496,836.15

Starting Date   

01/02/2014

Duration   

36 months

S-HELP aims to develop and deliver a holistic approach 

S-HELP (Securing Health Emergency Learning and Plan-

to healthcare preparedness, response, and recovery by:

ning) developed an approach to healthcare preparedness, 

» Defining an interoperability standard to enable commu-
nication and coordination across different geographical 

and-technological solution for all phases of emergency 

situations. The project created a unique mechanism to 

response and recovery. It devised a people-process-

areas and cultural settings

assist stakeholders and end-users to work together for 

co-ordinated, effective and evidence-based decisions at 

» Facilitating a collaborative end user and supporting part-
ner driven solution to meet the needs of different users 

all stages of EM. This involves decisions prior to, during 

and immediately after an incident, with the post-event 

UNIVERSITY COLLEGE 

from four countries in Europe and beyond.

stages covering evaluation and the communications 

CORK + (UCC)

with the public.

Business Information 

» Defining and applying an interoperability standard for 

Systems

O’Rahilly Building

Cork – Ireland 

Contact

Karen Neville

Tel  : 353 + 21 + 4903668

Mobile  : 353 + 863952582

Fax  : 353 + 21 4271566

multiple agencies jointly responding to a disaster.

The project’s results were: 

» Advancing the design and application of current avail-
able solutions to improve preparedness, response, and 

» An S-HELP EM interoperability standard based on the 
European Interoperability Framework for Pan-European 

recovery in emergency situations.

eGovernment Services 

» Delivering  decision  supporting  tools  for  emergency 
preparedness, response, and recovery, tested, evalu-

» The creation of the S-HELP DSS providing an all-phases 
approach to emergency management for emergency 

E-mail  : KarenNeville@UCC.ie

ated, and enhanced through quality, end user designed 

responders across strategic, tactical, and operational 

Website  : 

emergency scenarios.

hierarchical levels 

http://www.fp7-shelp.eu/ 

Description of the work 

» A robust software architecture for collaboration, ex-
tensibility, responsiveness, modularity, and integration 

By leveraging decision support (DS) the project’s solu-

with legal systems 

tion will advance the knowledge base required for the 

development of a range of DS tools and a Decision 

Support System (DSS) for the management for all of 

» The creation of a final common framework that incor-
porates EM training content and infrastructure design, 

emergency medicine activities.

scenario design and evaluation 

S-HELP DSS will use a seven-stage methodological 

framework consisting of one coordination and project 

» Implementation of three health emergency scenarios 
to demonstrate the system’s capability across a range 

management work package and six targeted work pack-

of disaster types. Multiple evaluations took place to 

ages. 

validate the DSS across preparedness, planning, re-

sponse and recovery capabilities

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planningS-HELP

381

» A learning management system (LMS) was developed 
to support training via the S-HELP DSS. The LMS was 

tested, validated and further improved through S-

HELP’s scenarios 

PARTNERS 

Application of Science to Simulation, Education and Research on Training 
for Health Professionals + (ASSERT)  
Future Analytics Consulting Limited (FAC) 
accelopment AG(ACCEL) 
Magen David Adom in Israel (MDA) 
Health Service Executive (HSE) 
Public Health Agency (PHA) 
Lunds Universitet (LU) 
Technische Universität Graz (TUGraz) 
Vectorcommand LTD.(VCL) 
Universität Wien (UVIE) 

COUNTRY

Ireland 

Ireland 
Switzerland  
Israel
Ireland 
United Kingdom
Sweden 
Austria
United Kingdom
Austria

SICMA /Simulation of crisis management activities

382

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

i

l

a
d
e
m
A
r
e
d
e
H
©

l

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

217855

Total Cost   

€ 3,902,633.33

EU Contribution   

€ 2,566,330

Starting Date   

01/03/2008

End Date   

31/08/2010

ELSAG DATAMAT SPA 
2 Via G. Puccini 

IT-16154 Genova 

Italy

Contact

Giuseppe La Posta

Tel  : +39 06 5027 2612

Fax  : +39 06 5027 2250

The SICMA project was a 30 months capability pro-

As a consequence, the decision making process both in 

ject focused on computer assisted decision making for 

the preparedness and in the response phase is hard and 

Health Service crisis managers. It aimed at improving 

complex due to the impossibility to estimate the effects 

decision-making capabilities through an integrated suite 

of alternative decisions. Within this context, decision 

of modelling and analysis tools providing insights into 

making support was provided addressing the following 

the collective behaviour of the whole organisation in 

key aspects: 

response to crisis scenarios. 

Description of the work

» “bottom-up” modelling approach building independent 

model components and then combining them,

The response to the crisis is the result of the activities of:

» unpredictable factors modelling (e.g. human/ crowd 

» Different services (e.g. police, medical care, rescue 

behaviour),

forces, fire fighting, etc);

» procedure support to provide the user with the correct 

» interacting vertically (i.e. with components of the same 
organization) and horizontally (i.e. with components of 

E-mail  : giuseppe.laposta@

other organizations);

elsagdatamat.com

procedures to solve the problem, and

» computation of the “distribution” of the effectiveness 
of a certain “decision” rather than the effectiveness 

of that solution deterministically dependant on the 

Website  : http://www.sicma-

project.eu/SicmaProject-

» in a complex environment characterized by both “pre-
dictable” factors (e.g. the crisis responders’ behaviour 

preconceived scenario. 

Site2008/index.html

according to procedures) and “unpredictable” ones (e.g. 

The combined effects of the above points allowed a 

human/crowd behaviour).

documentation of both the unexpected bad and good 

things in the organization(s) thus leading to better re-

sponses, fewer unintended consequences and greater 

consensus on important decisions.

a
m
c
i
S
©

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planning 
 
 
 
 
Application scenarios 

was used to highlight the additional support that can be 

provided to decision making activities specifically related 

The following scenarios were selected: 

to the kind of accident. The decontamination-station 

deployment and hazard estimate/update was used as 

Conventional weapons terrorist attack: being the most 

case study in the chemical attack Scenario.

common and hence the most likely threat in the future. 

This scenario was used to evaluate the decision support 

Results

achievable with the SICMA prototype in the management 

of casualties. The focus was on the management of the 

The results of the project are available on the CORDIS 

most likely category of casualties that can be generated 

website http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/security.

by a large number of different types of disasters that 

is: trauma casualties. 

Chemical weapons terrorist attack: specific types of dis-

asters may result in additional decision making activities 

to be carried out by the crisis manager. This scenario 

PARTNERS 

ELSAG DATAMAT S.P.A. (ED) 
SKYTEK LTD (SKYTEK Ltd) 
Centre for European Security Strategies GMBH (CESS) 
IFAD TS A/S (IFAD) 
ELBIT SYSTEMS LTD (ESL) 
ITTI Ltd (ITTI) 
INDUSTRIEANLAGEN BETRIEBSGESELLSCHAFT MBH (IABG) 
UNIVERSITA CATTOLICA DEL SACRO CUORE (UCSC) 
CONSIGLIO NAZIONALE DELLE RICERCHE (CNR-IASI) 
SELEX SISTEMI INTEGRATI SPA (SSI) 

SICMA

383

COUNTRY

Italy
Ireland
Germany
Denmark
Israel
Poland 
Germany
Italy
Italy
Italy

384

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

SNOWBALL /Lower the impact of aggravating factors in crisis 
situations thanks to adaptative foresight and decision-support tools 

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

606742

Total Cost   

€5,205,926.70

EU Contribution   

€ 3,882,462.70

Starting Date   

01/03/2014

Duration   

36 months

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

STE GENERALE DE 

DISTRIBUTION ET DE 

COMMUNICATION - GE DI 
COM (GEDICOM) 
9 avenue Joseph Cugnot

94420 - Le Plessis Trevise 

France

Contact

Jean-Pierre Bidau

Tel  : +33 6 81 62 78 23

Fax  : +33 1 45760107

E-mail  : jpbidau@gedicom.fr

Website  : www.gedicom.fr

SNOWBALL aimed to boost the EU’s preparedness for 

SNOWBALL created a decision support system able to 

hazards that could amplify a larger crisis. The team 

display crisis monitoring and the results of simulated 

worked to develop a dedicated tool to:

decisions regarding cascading effects. This included 

a  data  collection  system,  an  events  log  database, 

» Understand and better predict and simulate the cas-

simulators and a dashboard. 

cading effects of a crisis

» Integrate  population  response  and  behaviour  into 

approach  to  crises,  modelling  techniques,  agent-

SNOWBALL’s  technology  was  based  on  a  modular 

simulation tools

supported coupled-grid simulations, a generic events 

log  database  and  tools  to  follow  public  behaviour 

» Provide decision support to public authorities and deci-

via emergency alerts, social networks and a mobile 

sion makers 

application.

» Test the efficiency of the tool in various demonstrations

The project defined a methodological framework to 

address hazard/impact assessments of cascading effect 

scenarios as based on interactions between different 

hazards and the influence of exposure and vulnerability 

of at-risk elements. This framework was derived from 

the  cumulative  damage  from  sequences  of  events 

across service networks and critical infrastructures. 

The  methodology  was  defined  through  probabilistic 

approaches and integrated consolidated methods such 

as Event trees analyses, Bayesian methods and Expert 

elicitation to address the issues that characterise the 

simulation of cascading effects scenarios.

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planningSNOWBALL

385

Results 

SNOWBALL provided a methodology and a decision 

support  system  for  assessing  a  crisis,  predicting 

cascading effects, simulating the evolution, displaying 

events and providing decision support. This DSS was 

tested in Finland and Greece.

PARTNERS 

Ste Générale de Distribution et de Communication (GEDICOM) 
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V (Fraunhofer) 
Istituto Superiore Mario Boella sulle Tecnologie dell’Informazione e delle Telecomunicazioni (ISMB) 
Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II (LUPT-PLIVINS) 
Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald (EMAUG) 
Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL) 
Inéo Engineering & Systems SNC (INEO) 
Szkola Glowna Sluzby Pozarniczej (SGSP) 
Pelastusopisto, Emergency Services College (ESC) 
Evroproject ood (EP) 
Magyar Voroskereszt Tarsadalmi Szerverzet (HRC) 

COUNTRY

France
Germany
Italy
Italy
Germany
Belgium
France
Poland
Finland
Bulgaria
Hungary

386

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

TACTIC /Tools, methods And training for CommuniTIes and society to 
better prepare for a Crisis

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

608058

Total Cost   

€1,321,427.10

EU Contribution   

€ 999,083.52

Starting Date   

01/05/2014

Duration   

24 months

TACTIC’s aim is to increase preparedness for large-scale 

TACTIC’s workflow is divided into three parts:

and cross-border disasters amongst communities and 

societies in Europe. This will be achieved by drawing 

Phase 1: state-of-the-art research on risk perception 

on state-of-the-art literature related to risk perception 

and community preparedness

and  preparedness,  and  by  creating  a  catalogue  of 

good practices in education and communication. This 

» Literature reviews and building stakeholder networks 

information will draw on community preparedness self-

(WP1).

assessment. 

Phase 2: interaction

Helmholtz Centre for 

Rather than taking a top-down approach to preparedness, 

Environmental Research 

TACTIC  pursues  a  collaborative  project  strategy  by 

(UFZ)

including different stakeholder groups in the development, 

» Development and validation of preparedness self-
assessment and good practices, together with stake-

Department of Urban and 

testing and validation of self-assessment and materials 

holders in the four case studies (WP4-7).

Environmental Sociology

throughout the project. It will do this by conducting four 

Permoserstrasse 15 

case studies focusing on terrorism, floods, pandemics 

Phase 3: finalizing main outputs

04318 - Leipzig – Germany 

and earthquakes. 

Contact

Christian Kuhlicke   

Tel  : +49 341 235 1751

Fax  : +49 341 235 2825

E-mail  :  

christian.kuhlicke@ufz.de 

Website  : www.ufz.de 

» Fusing the theoretical and practical findings to de-
velop a long-term learning framework for preparedness 

within a multi-hazard context via an online-learning 

platform (WP 8-9).

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Preparedness, prevention, mitigation and planningTACTIC

387

Results 

TACTIC delivered the following:

The main objective of TACTIC (Tools, methods And training 

for CommuniTIes and Society to better prepare for a Crisis) 

» A self-assessment for organisations involved in man-
agement of floods, earthquakes, terrorism and epidem-

was to develop an online platform with practitioners to 

ics, which allows responsible organisations to evalu-

improve community preparedness for cross-border and 

ate their risk communication activities and develop a 

large scale hazards. The transdisciplinary research involved 

comprehensive strategy

some 160 stakeholders working in the field of disaster risk 

management, both operationally and on the policy level.

» Organizations receive a feedback report outlining their 
strengths as well as areas for improvement, including 

Four  case  studies  were  selected  from  across  Europe 

good practices from other examples

related to terrorism, floods, epidemics and earthquakes. 

Each represented different types of crisis and disasters in 

order to study different kinds of preparedness activities 

» A library of good practices with pre-defined criteria that 
allows users to search according to their specific needs

and strategies – all with goal of developing a multi-

hazard approach to risk communication and community 

preparedness. 

» A self-assessment for the general public: a prepar-
edness-check that allows residents to assess their 

own preparedness including the provision of a short 

feedback report and selected links to useful websites; 
additionally, organisations can evaluate the effectiv-

ness of their communication activities and how they 

influence residents’ knowledge, behaviour, etc. 

PARTNERS 

Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH  (UFZ) 
Trilateral Research and Consulting LLP (TRI) 
Northumbria University (UoN) 
European Dynamics (ED) 
Institute of Meteorology and Water Management (IMGW-PIB) 
Middle East Technical University (METU) 
Saxon State Office for the Environment, Agriculture and Geology (LfULG) 

COUNTRY

Germany
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Greece
Poland
Turkey
Germany

388

y
n
a
m
r
e
G

,
)
K
B
B
(
e
c
n
a
t
s
i
s
s
A
r
e
t
s
a
s
i
D
d
n
a
n
o
i
t
c
e
t
o
r
P

i

l
i
v
C
f
o
e
c
ffi
O

l

a
r
e
d
e
F
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

ACRIMAS / Aftermath Crisis Management System-of-systems 
Demonstration - Phase I

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

261669

Total Cost  

€ 1,666,022 

EU Contribution  

€ 1,109,381 

Starting Date  

01/02/2011

End Date  

31/05/2012

i
i

r
r
o
o
t
t
a
a
n
n
d
d
r
r
o
o
o
o
C
C

FRAUNHOFER  

GESELLSCHAFT ZUR 

FOERDERUNG DER  

ANGEWANDTEN  

FORSCHUNG E.V.

The  Phase  I  project  ACRIMAS,  a  15-month  Support 

Currently, CM in the EU can be regarded as a highly 

Action with 15 partners from 10 European countries, 

diversified ‘system-of-systems’ integrating organisa-

elaborates a systematic integration process for crisis 

tions and components with different cultures, policies 

management (CM) systems, procedures and technologies 

and assets, and various stakeholders and procurement 

in Europe, to be implemented within a Phase II demon-

schemes. This ‘system-of-systems’ incorporates tech-

stration programme. The process will allow for gradual 

nology, procedures, organisational concepts, and human 

evolvement of CM capabilities through demonstration 

factors. To identify the relevant/critical/ urgent areas and 

and experimentation (DE) activities, facilitating Europe 

topics within this current CM ‘system-of-systems’ which 

wide collaboration, cooperation and communication in 

need to be addressed by the demonstration programme 

CM at different levels of decision making, and respecting 

in Phase II, ACRIMAS follows a scenario-based and user-

the different CM approaches and ambitions of the EU 

centric work approach. 

Member States. This process will improve the transfer of 

related knowledge between stakeholders and promoting 

ACRIMAS is scenario-based in the sense that charac-

an environment for co-development of CM technology 

teristic CM scenarios will be identified, selected and 

Fraunhofer Institute 

and methodology in R&D where users and providers 

developed to constitute a sound basis for ensuring the 

for Technological Trend 

work together.

Analysis (INT), Department 

work of posing user needs and requirements, identifying 

current weaknesses and gaps in CM in Europe, looking 

for Meta-Analyses and 

ACRIMAS further emphasises community-building which 

at potential solutions and documenting corresponding 

Planning Support

Appelsgarten 2

PO Box 14 91,  

will be considerably supported by the execution of the 

demonstration topics and R&D needs to be integrated in 

subsequent Phase II, bringing together the various key 

a roadmap for Phase II. The scenario approach embraces 

stakeholders and the available DE infrastructures in a 

an all-hazard view, including the EU external dimension.

53879 Euskirchen  

case-by-case demonstration or experimentation activity.

Germany

Contact

Hans-Martin Pastuszka

Description of the work 

ACRIMAS is user-driven in the sense that users and other 

stakeholders in terms of first responders, authorities 

and governmental bodies as well as the supply side are 

Tel  : +49 (0)2251 18 298

Large-scale incidents (man made and natural) inside 

actively involved throughout the project process, some of 

Fax  :  

and outside the EU require a coordinated response from 

them as full partners, most of them linked to the project 

+49 (0)2251 18 38 298

crisis managers and first responders across Europe and 

through a supporting Expert Group and dedicated project 

E-mail  : hans-martin.pas-

with resources from all levels of government. Among 

workshops. They play a central part in complementing 

tuszka@int.fraunhofer.de

others, a common operational picture, well trained and 

and validating the scenario analysis by expressing their 

Website  : www.acrimas.eu

equipped teams, secure communications, and mission 

needs and requirements regarding the identification of 

flexibility are core assets for successful CM.

relevant CM topics, which should be addressed by DE 

activities in Phase II, and the demonstration concept to 

be elaborated.

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Recovery 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ACRIMAS

389

Results

The results of the project are available on the CORDIS 

website http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/security.

PARTNERS 

Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer-INT) 
CRISIS MANAGEMENT INITIATIVE (CMI) 
NATIONAL CENTER FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH “DEMOKRITOS” (NCSRD) 
NEDERLANDS INSTITUUT FYSIEKE VEILIGHEID (NIFV) 
T-SOFT AS (TSOFT) 
TOTALFORSVARETS FORSKNINGSINSTITUT (FOI) 
EUROPEAN COMMISSION - JOINT RESEARCH CENTRE (JRC) 
CENTER FOR SECURITY STUDIES (KEMEA) 
NEDERLANDSE ORGANISATIE VOOR TOEGEPAST NATUURWETENSCHAPPELIJK ONDERZOEK  (TNO) 
TURKIYE KIZILAY DERNEGI (TRCS) 
TECHNOLOGIES SANS FRONTIERES ASBL (TSF) 
UNITED NATIONS UNIVERSITY (UNU-EHS) 
Cassidian S.A.S. (EADS) 
SELEX SISTEMI INTEGRATI SPA (SSI) 
PUBLIC SAFETY COMMUNICATION EUROPE FORUM AISBL (PSCE) 

COUNTRY

Germany
Finland
Greece
The Netherlands
Czech Republic
Sweden
Belgium
Greece
The Netherlands
Turkey
Belgium
Germany
France
Italy
Belgium

390

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

CAERUS / Evidence based policy for post-crisis stability:  
bridging the gap

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

607960

Total Cost  

€ 4,080,027  

EU Contribution  

€3,249,999  

Starting Date  

01/03/2014

Duration 

36 months

The CAERUS consortium aims to identify humanitarian 

Our research focuses on health and education in post-

relief actions that pave the way for human develop-

conflict and post-disaster settings. We will investigate 

ment and stability in post-crisis societies. In particular, 

how improved sectoral policies and delivery channels 

we aim to:

can help shape overall policies addressing the transition 

from fragility to resilience and development.

1)  improve policies for transitional situations at global 

and regional level as well as strengthen operational 

We will also implement population-based studies in key 

policies in the field; 

crisis-affected areas to obtain field evidence regarding the 

effects of such policies on populations. We will combine 

UNIVERSITÉ CATHOLIQUE 

2)  better understand the role of health and education as 

quantitative and qualitative data to investigate health 

DE LOUVAIN (UCL)

Centre for Research on the 

a drivers of stability in post-crisis settings; 

equity, provision of health services by non-state armed 

actors, and the role of education in post-conflict. We 

Epidemiology of Disasters, 

3)  adapt and apply existing European technologies to 

will map vulnerabilities through geocoded information. 

Institute of Health and 

improve the efficiency of relief to development action. 

Society 

Clos-Chapelle-aux-Champs, 

30

B1.30.15

1200 Woluwe Saint Lambert, 

Brussels, Belgium 

Contact

Debarati Guha Sapir  

Tel  : +32 2764 3327

Mobile  : +32 475 617 019

Fax  : +32 2 764 3441

E-mail  :  

debarati.guha@uclouvain.be

Website  : www.uclouvain.be

www.cred.be

http://caerus-info.net

We will also seek to detect barriers to the provision of 

basic services in post-crisis settings. The CAERUS project 

will assess how European technologies, especially field 

telecommunications and mobile laboratory capacities, 

can be used to increase the timeliness and effectiveness 

of service provision in remote areas. At the same time 

these activities will increase European capacities to 

respond to outbreaks of rare and emerging diseases 

with pandemic potential.

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / RecoveryCAERUS

391

Results

» Policy and operational recommendations for transition 

to development phases;

» Evidence from field studies on health equity, provision 
of health services by non-state armed actors, and the 

role of education in post-conflict areas;

» Guidelines on the use of technologies, such as mobile 
laboratories and rapid diagnostic tests, in fragile set-

tings to improve service delivery.

PARTNERS 

Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL) 
Forskningstiftelsen FAFO (FAFO) 
European Center for Development Policy Management (ECDPM) 
Norsk Institut for Luftforsking (NILU) 
Paris-Lodron-Universität Salzburg (PLUS) 
The Royal Institute of International Affairs (RIIA) 
Jadavpur University (JU) 

COUNTRY

Belgium
Norway
The Netherlands
Norway
Austria
United Kingdom
India

392

k
c
o
t
s
k
n
h
T
©

i

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

COBACORE / Community Based Comprehensive Recovery

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

The project has three major phases: the preparatory phase, 

the concept development phase and the evaluation and 

313308

Total Cost  

€ 4,378,908.70  

EU Contribution  

€3,497,636.07  

Starting Date  

01/04/213

Duration 

36 months

The Community Based Comprehensive Recovery (COBA-

dissemination phase. In the preparatory phase, activities 

CORE) project aims to support common needs assessment 

are mainly aimed at understanding the domain, prepar-

and recovery planning efforts in complex multi-sectorial, 

ing the case studies and setting the boundaries of work. 

multi-stakeholder crisis environments by building upon 

In the concept development phase, project activities are 

the community as an important source of information 

geared at knowledge acquisition and user requirements 

and capabilities. COBACORE aims to help bridge the so-

analysis, whereas the evaluation and dissemination phase 

called collaboration gap: failure of collaboration through 

is mostly focused on concept evaluation and dissemina-

insufficient information sharing among partners, incom-

tion activities. Concept development and evaluation with 

patible work practices and misaligned decision making 

end-users take places during every phase of the project.

NEDERLANDSE ORGANI-

processes. In the field of humanitarian needs assessment, 

SATIE VOOR TOEGEPAST 

this collaboration gap is ubiquitous and detrimental to the 

Results

NATUURWETENSCHAPPE-

efficiency of many recent relief efforts. Closing this gap is 

LIJK ONDERZOEK – (TNO)

the key to reduce the time needed for needs assessment, 

The Community Based Comprehensive Recovery (CO-

TNO Defense, Safety and 

better needs monitoring, and planning. 

BACORE) project supported common needs assessment 

Security

and recovery planning efforts in complex multi-sectorial, 

Oude Waalsdorperweg 63 

The COBACORE project has four specific objectives: 1) 

multi-stakeholder crisis environments by using the com-

2597 AK The Hague

THE NETHERLANDS

Contact

Paul A.J. Tilanus

Understand the domain of common needs assessments, 

munity as an important source of information and ca-

2) Develop a supporting environment for common needs 

pabilities. The COBACORE project aimed to bridge the 

assessment processes, 3) Evaluate the COBACORE work-

so-called collaboration gap: the failure of collaboration 

space in a realistic setting and 4) Achieve transfer of 

caused by insufficient information-sharing among part-

Tel  : +31 88 866 72 92

concepts and tools to stakeholder communities.

ners, incompatible work practices and misaligned decision 

Fax  : +31 88 866 73 75

E-mail  : paul.tilanus@tno.nl

Website  : www.tno.nl

Description of the work 

making processes. Closing this gap is key to reducing the 

time required for assessment, monitoring and planning.

COBACORE is a set of interconnected modules and mech-

anisms that maintain three state models: the community 

model, the context model, and the needs model. The 

information contained in these models is accessible for 

users through a collaborative workspace, customized 

to suit their needs and preferences. The models are 

built up post-crisis through collected data from the af-

fected area, through collaborative manual completion 

COBACORE identified the following key collaboration 

and maintenance, and through use of existing informa-

gaps:

tion sources, and based upon generic frames that are 

developed in advance for different scenarios. Various 

» inefficiencies in needs and capacity matching

supporting functions monitor and manage the models, 

and respond to demands from users.

» collaboration  issues  between  professionals  and 

responding community related to the effective

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Recovery 
COBACORE

393

» employment of unbound volunteers

was made regarding the interface of professionals, with 

features providing in-depth analysis of the evolving re-

» limited awareness of the unmet needs of the affected 

covery process, and options to share insights between 

community by the professional responders

professional parties.

COBACORE built up five major “frames of use” to col-

The project’s primary results are its concept, prototype 

lectively address our core functions:

platform and the frames. COBACORE also delivered other 

» The marketplace: help connect needy citizens with 
those who can provide a matching product or service

relevant outputs such as the functional feature speci-

fications and the “COBAgame serious gaming method”.

» Information and insight: provide professionals with 
novel  insights  into  the  disaster  recovery  process 

results into viable implementation. While motivating, 

the project’s final results were not suitable for direct 

through analytics and data visualisation

operational use. To render them operationally feasible, 

Finally, the project team worked to convert the project’s 

the specifics of local organisations, legislation, concepts 

of operation, social culture and existing information sys-

tems need to be connected. For this reason, the project’s 

deliverables include guidance to help carry COBACORE’s 

results into practice in local situations.

» The community champion: support proactive individuals 
to mobilise community members and organise activities

» Community  liaison  team:  bridge  the  gap  between 
professionals and citizens by using a team of professionals 

and volunteers to relay information between communities, 

supported by the COBACORE platform

» Learning environment: use the COBACORE platform 

for training and educational purposes

A semantic matching mechanism was added to provide 

high-quality matching between needs and capacities 

registered on the platform. Additionally, major progress 

PARTNERS 

Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
University of Ulster (UU) 
Het Nederlandse Rote Kruis (NLRC) 
Deutches Rotes Kreuz EV (GRC)  
Stichting Katholieke Universiteit Brabant Universiteit van Tilburg (TU) 
Downey Hynes Limited (DHP) 
Integrasys SA (INT) 
Causeway Data Communications LTD (GEOP) 
Žilinska Univerzita v Žiline (UZ) 

COUNTRY

The Netherlands
United Kingdom
The Netherlands
Germany
The Netherlands
Ireland
Spain
United Kingdom
Slovakia

394

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

DESTRIERO /A DEcision Support Tool for Reconstruction and recovery and for 
IntEroperability of international Relief units in situations, including CBRN contamination Risks

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

312721

Total Cost  

€4,171,403.71   

EU Contribution  

€2,933,015.58   

Starting Date  

01/09/2013

Duration 

36 months

E-GEOS  (EG)

DESTRIERO’s objective is to develop a next generation post-

Today more people than ever are threatened by disasters, 

crisis needs assessment tool for reconstruction and recovery 

with no regards if natural or man-made. DESTRIERO aims at 

planning. This will include: structural damage assessment and 

developing a next generation post-crisis needs assessment 

related data integration and analysis based on international 

tool for reconstruction and recovery planning.

standards; and novel (automated) data and information inter-

operability across organisations and systems in combination 

Earth observation images will contribute to fast damage assess-

with an advanced multi-criteria decision analysis tool and 

ment and monitoring of the areas, together with data acquired 

methodology for multi-stakeholder information analyses, 

by relief units on the field using novel smart-phone apps. 

priority setting, decision making and recovery planning. 

Identified needs will be recorded, stored and made available 

Product Development and 

DESTRIERO aims to develop an advanced net-centric infor-

to all organisations involved.

Programs -

mation management tool to support damage and needs 

Defence and Security

assessment and the reconstruction and recovery phases in 

Coordination and collaborative work at all levels of the 

organisations and among different ones will be possible 

through a network centric approach for the interoperability 

Via Stanislao Cannizzaro 71

post-crisis situations. 

00156-Rome-Italy

Contact

Maria Michela Corvino

» DESTRIERO envisions an integrated framework with the 
following innovative functionalities: support continuous 

of information and service and the decision support tool. 

Critical infrastructure recovery will be considered a priority, 

Tel  : +39 06 4079 6363

damage and contamination assessment, monitoring and 

as it’s essential for the recovery of social and economic 

E-mail  :  

updating through a combination of satellite data and aerial 

aspects (roads, bridges, schools, hospitals, plants, etc.), CBRN 

michela.corvino@e-geos.it

photos enriched with data from the field

contamination and humanitarian aspects will also be taken 

Website  :  

www.destriero-fp7.eu

www.egeos.it

» Boost information sharing by “automated” data and infor-
mation interoperability between relief organisations and 

their information systems for coordinated PDNA (post-crisis 

damage and needs assessment) and RRP (reconstruction 

and recovery plan)  processes

» Visualisation of these data in a common operational picture 
with links to needs assessments and recovery planning 

information within a multilayer GIS type user interface 

into consideration, as aggravating circumstances, while sup-

port to accountability of humanitarian aid contributions will 

be facilitated.

Preliminary and Results

The DESTRIERO Project expected results are the following:

» Support prioritisation and joint decision making with a 
novel tool, based on a recently developed decision sup-

» Faster and better damage assessment for planning and 
monitoring of progress of recovery also integrating a 

dedicated Decision Support System to prioritize the 

port methodology and prototype software

recovery activities;

» Centralise management information in a single location, 

including PDNA and RRP frameworks

» Improved damage assessment by integrating open data 
(e.g. Copernicus emergency mapping), satellite data, 

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / RecoveryDESTRIERO

395

aerial photos, data from the field (e.g. from mobile 

control rooms or on the field to drill down to different 

devices) and feeds from the social networks into a 

layers 

coherent information management tool.

» CBRN in-depth area contamination evaluation. The 
DESTRIERO tool offers the capability to define, adopting 

consolidated propagation models, and exact contour 

lines of contaminated areas after a CBRN disaster 

has occurred.

» Fast  and  intuitive  access  for  distributed  users  to 
visualize the dynamic “common operational picture” 

by a web and user-friendly HMI.

» Tagging of geographical areas and damaged buildings 
on satellite images will enable distributed users in 

» Support  standardisation  of  assessment  data, 
interoperability between different information systems 

thanks to the extension of MIP standards 

» Enable better collaborative decision making during 
the planning and reconstruction phase also adopting 

a dedicated communication component to provide SMS 

exchange and teleco capabilities

» DESTRIERO tool will offer standard damage assessment 
templates, built on internationally agreed procedures 

and  standards  (e.g.  DaLa),  to  collect  data  in 

homogeneous formats

PARTNERS 

e-GEOS (EG) 
Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per L’Informatica (CINI) 
Thales (TRT) 
Amper Programas de Electronica y Comunicaciones (AMPER) 
Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (UPVLC) 
Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO (FHG) 
Asociacion de Empresas Tecnologicas Innovalia (INNO) 
Sesm Soluzioni Evolute per la Sistemistica e i Modelli S.C.A.R.L. (SESM) 
ITTI Sp Zoo (ITTI) 
Saadian Technologies Limited  (SAADIAN)  
Fundação Assistência Médica Internacional (AMI) 
Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) 
Slozkola Glowna Sluzby Pozarniczej (SGSP) 

COUNTRY

Italy
Italy
France
Spain
Spain
Germany
Spain
Italy
Poland
Ireland
Portugal
United Kingdom
Poland

396

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

i
k
s
w
o
h
c
e
O

l

l

a
f
a
R
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i
i

r
r
o
o
t
t
a
a
n
n
d
d
r
r
o
o
o
o
C
C

HELP / Enhanced Communications in Emergencies by Creating and 
Exploiting Synergies in Composite Radio Systems

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

261659

Total Cost  

€ 1,352,219

EU Contribution  

€ 991,255

Starting Date  

01/02/2011

End Date  

30/04/2012

UNIVERSITAT  

POLITÉCNICA  

DE CATALUNYA

Signal Theory  

It is generally acknowledged that existing wireless com-

HELP will firstly identify operational user requirements, 

munication networks frequently fall short of meeting 

scenarios and overall system requirements. The sce-

users’ needs and cannot properly support the manage-

narios will be created jointly with a User Advisory Board 

ment of emergency and disaster relief scenarios. HELP 

(UAB), formed by public safety users from diverse emer-

will establish a comprehensive solution framework for 

gency service organisations. Then, HELP will define a 

supporting public safety communications aspiring to 

solution framework (system concept) for the provision 

significantly enhance the communications in emergency 

of public safety communications over diverse wireless 

situations. The envisioned solution framework consists 

infrastructures. 

of significantly strengthening the role and commitment 

of commercial wireless infrastructures in the provision 

This will include, e.g.: 

of public safety communications. Only a solution frame-

work targeted at creating and exploiting synergies of 

» determining internetworking solutions, 

composite radio systems encompassing commercial and 

and Communications

professional mobile radio networking technologies can 

Jordi Girona 31

address the complex requirements of modern emer-

» determining the required features and functionalities 
that will enable the use of commercial systems for 

08034- Barcelona-  

gency communications. HELP will define and establish 

public safety communications in emergency and dis-

the foundations for the development of network and 

aster relief operations, and 

Spain

Contact

Oriol Sallent

spectrum sharing concepts between networks. HELP will 

identify the key features and functional building blocks 

Tel  : +34 93 4017197

of the operations and management system needed to 

» determining new spectrum usage models to enhance 
communications in emergency scenarios by means of 

Mobile  : +34 619 35 16 54

achieve a synergic and holistic operation of the com-

proper spectrum management mechanisms. 

Fax  : +34 93 4017200

posite radio systems.

E-mail  : sallent@tsc.upc.edu

Website  :  

www.fp7-sec-help.eu

An Operator Advisory Board (OAB) will be established to 

validate the envisioned system concept. Following this, a 

framework for the management of the composite emer-

gency network will be defined. Besides, the economic 

impact that the novel technical solutions proposed in 

HELP may have on the involved stakeholders will be in-

vestigated. HELP will eventually establish a consolidated 

basis and roadmap for the realisation of the envisioned 

solution framework.

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Recovery 
 
 
 
 
HELP

397

Results

The results of the project are available on the CORDIS 

website http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/security.

PARTNERS 

Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) 
DataX Sp. z o.o. (DTX) 
Cassidian S.A.S. (EADS DS) 
BAPCO LBG (BAPCO) 
European Commission - Joint Research Centre (JRC) 

COUNTRY

Spain
Poland
France
United Kingdom
Belgium

NETWORK  & SPECTRUM SHARING FOR ENHANCED EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS PUBLIC SAFETY NETWORKSCOMMERCIAL NETWORKSMULTIAGENCY INCIDENT RESPONSESSPECTRUM© Project HELP Consortium398

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

RECONASS /Reconstruction and REcovery Planning: Rapid and Continuously 
Updated COnstruction Damage, and Related Needs ASSessment

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

This work aimed at developing a monitoring system for 

RECONASS combined two topics: structural health moni-

constructed facilities to provide a reliable, near real-time 

toring and  disaster management. The final outcome 

assessment of the structural condition and damage of 

was a complete information system for crisis response, 

structure’s components and the structure itself after 

reconstruction  and  recovery  planning  regarding  the 

a disaster.

monitoring of buildings. Its primary goal was to pro-

vide stakeholders with an accurate, updated, and near 

real-time assessment of a monitored facility’s struc-

tural and non-structural status after an explosion, an 

earthquake or a fire. 

312718

Total Cost  

€5,479,160.80  

EU Contribution  

€4,260,240.00   

Starting Date  

01/12/2013

Duration 

42 months

INSTITUTE OF COMMUNI-

CATION AND COMPUTER 

SYSTEMS, (ICCS)

I-SENSE Group 

9, Iroon Politechniou Str. 

Zografou

Building of Electrical Engi-

neers, Office 2131

GR-15773, Athens GREECE

Contact

Angelos Amditis  

Tel  : +30 210 772 2398

Fax: +30 210 772 2291

E-mail  :  

A.Amditis@iccs.gr

Website  : 

http://reconass.eu/

https://www.iccs.gr/en/ & 

https://i-sense.iccs.gr/ 

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / RecoveryRECONASS

399

Results

» Using data derived from created systems, data fusion 
was enabled, along with structural and non-structural 

RECONASS delivered a multidisciplinary information system 

assessments  

for crisis response, reconstruction and recovery planning 

by  researching,  adapting  and  integrating  cutting-edge 

The project’s demonstrator showcased how the RECONASS 

technologies, namely:

system as a whole rapidaly assessed the structural condition 

of a monitored building after a disastrous event.

» A compact and energy efficient local positioning system 
as part of the deployment of a wide sensor network  

» Aggregation of sensor information through a com-

munication module 

» A remote sensing framework that complements data 

extraction methodologies 

PARTNERS 

Institute of Communication and Computer Systems (ICCS) 
Technische Universität Dresden (TUD) 
Swedish Defense Research Agency (FOI) 
RISA Sicherheitsanalysen GMBH (RISA) 
Technice e Consulenze Nell’ Ingegneria Civile SPA (TECNIC) 
D. Bairaktaris & Associates Structural Design Office (DBA) 
GEOSIG AG (GS) 
University of Twente, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC) 
Bundesanstalt Technisches Hilfswerk (THW) 
Anglia Ruskin University 

COUNTRY

Greece
Germany
Sweden
Germany
Italy
Greece
Switzerland
The Netherlands
Germany
United Kingdom

400

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

s
r
e
g
d
o
R

n
e
r
o
L
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SAFE-COMMS / Counter-terrorism crisis communication  

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives 

Results

218285

Total Cost  

€ 1,397,232 

EU Contribution  

€ 1,088,244 

Starting Date  

01/04/2009

End Date  

31/03/2011

BAR-ILAN UNIVERSITY

Department of Political 

Studies

Bar-Ilan Campus

Ramat Gan 52700 

Israel

Contact

Dr. Shlomo Shpiro

Tel  : +972 3 531 7061

Mobile  : +972 544 550 840

Fax : +972 3 736 1338

E-mail  : sshpiro@bezeqint.net 

Website :  

http://faculty.biu.ac.il/~sshpiro

The goal of this project was to help public authorities 

During the initial stages of the project, the SAFE-COMMS 

in Europe better react to terror incidents by providing 

partners undertook a comprehensive review of literature 

effective communication strategies for the aftermath 

already published on the topic. The review examined 

of terror attacks.

articles in the area of crisis communication and those 

focused on communication following a terrorist attack. 

This provided an overview of the key terms and vari-

ables relevant to this area. The project also conducted 

stakeholder interviews with police, fire brigades, armed 

forces officers, emergency medical services personnel, 

government officials, journalists from both public and pri-

vate TV stations, and spokespersons of major hospitals. 

In the next stage of SAFE-COMMS’ research, actual ex-

amples of terrorist incidents in Europe were selected 

for incorporation into the project’s case-study phase. 

The case studies were chosen to reflect the full range 

of possible terrorist attacks. 

Conclusions drawn by the project’s consortium partners 

from their analysis argue that: 

» there is a need for a coherent crisis management plan 
that includes clear strategies for communication with 

other emergency services;

» plans should be effectively and widely disseminated 

in preparation for an attack; 

» it  is  important  to  develop  strategies  to  protect                  

victims from the media; 

» time, space and support are needed for public au-
thorities to assess and come to terms with traumatic 

incidents.

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Recovery 
 
 
 
SAFE-COMMS

401

PARTNERS 

Bar-Ilan University 
A&B One GmbH 
Research Institute for European and American Studies 
University of Ulster 
Universidad de Burgos 
University of Rousse Angel Kunchev 

COUNTRY

Israel
Germany
Greece
United Kingdom
Spain
Bulgaria

402

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-
t
a
h
c
r
a
B
e
c
i
n
a
J
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

CRISYS / Critical Response in Security and Safety Emergencies

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

261682

Total Cost  

€ 805,852

EU Contribution  

€ 740,945

Starting Date  

01/02/2011

End Date  

31/05/2012

EUROPEAN  

ORGANISATION  

FOR SECURITY

To build in this Phase (Phase I) a roadmap capable of full 

It is imperative to understand how the civil protection sec-

implementation to show specific demonstration actions 

tor operates. Firstly we need to review presently adopted 

in Phase II, whilst establishing contacts and awareness 

solutions, procedures and the operational, legal, soci-

with the main public and private stakeholders in the field 

etal, political and, legacy environments in which those 

of Crisis Management.

mechanisms are set. We can then establish parameters 

of operations, not simply scenarios but how to create 

The work done in the actual phase is aimed at full un-

wider capability and capacity. 

derstanding of the issues surrounding effective opera-

tional needs (e.g. interoperability of technical solutions, 

Users and citizens are the critical success key for the 

commonality of procedures, decision and crisis decision 

project. Building a respected relationship is a vital part of 

tools, the importance of languages ; common training 

the project. That requires the creation of a public-private 

approaches; homogeneous risk assessment methodolo-

dialogue with local, national and international users, 

Avenue de Tervuren 270

gies etc.) for the most significant demonstration actions.

first responders and national governments and citizens.

B-1150 Brussels,  

Belgium

Contact

Nicola Iarossi

Tel  : +32 (0)2 7770255

Mobile  : +32 (0)472990751

Fax  : +32 (0)2 7758112

E-mail  :  

nicola.iarossi@eos-eu.com

Website  :  

www.crisys-project.eu

The role of CRISYS Partners is therefore to gather these 

requirements via specific MEETINGS with USERS and 

SUPPLIERS around Europe, thus establishing a sound 

network of contacts for Phase II whilst also gathering 

the key elements to develop the requirements for the 

Roadmap.

This process will be followed by a gap analysis activity 

of the collected results, in two steps, from a preliminary 

roadmap to a final roadmap which will be presented at 

a final conference.

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Recovery 
 
 
CRISYS

403

Results

The results of the project are available on the CORDIS 

website http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/security.

PARTNERS 

European Organization for Security (EOS) 
EDISOFT SA (EDI) 
Center for Security Studies (KEMEA) 
National Center for Scientific Research, “Demokritos” (NSCRD) 
ALTRAN BV (ALTRAN) 
International Association of Fire and Rescue Services (CTIF) 
Teletron Euroricerche SRL (TLT) 
Compania nationala de transport al energiei eletrice Transelectrica SA (TRA) 
Société Françoise de Medicine de Catastrophe (SFMC) 
THALES Security Solution & Service SAS (T3S) 
Indra Sistemas S.A (INDRA) 
Istituto Affari Internazionali (IAI) 
University of Central Lancashire (UCLAN) 
Ministry of the Interior, Department for Rescue Services, SISAASIAINMINISTERIO (FMOI) 
Zanasi Alessandro SLR (ZAN) 

COUNTRY

Belgium
Portugal
Greece
Greece
The Netherlands
France
Italy
Romania
France
France
Spain
Italy
United Kingdom
Finland
Italy

404

.

m
o
c
o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

-

i

n
p
x
l
a
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

DARIUS / Deployable SAR Integrated Chain with Unmanned Systems
(SAR = Search and Rescue)

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

284851

Total Cost  

€ 10,688,505

EU Contribution  

€ 7,475,830

Starting Date  

01/03/2012

End Date  

28/02/2015

BAE SYSTEMS  

(OPERATIONS) LTD

BAE Systems, Engineering

» Interoperability of unmanned platforms

WP4: Components Development. Adaptation of exist-

ing unmanned platforms and ground system to meet 

» Seamlessly integrate unmanned platforms in the

DARIUS requirements.

» command-and-control loop (i.e. C2/C4I platforms)

WP5: Integration. Integration and testing of the DARIUS 

platforms and ground stations prior to evaluation and 

» Provide the necessary communication structure without 

trials.

relying on existing infrastructure

» Support interaction between humans and systems, i.e. 

in urban/indoor, forest fire and maritime SAR scenarios.

WP6: Evaluation and Trials: Testing the DARIUS solution 

FRs, victims, unmanned vehicles and payloads

Marconi Way

» Develop a generic ground station

WP7: Exploitation. Dissemination of project results, exploita-

tion issues and final standards, and legal recommendations.

Rochester, Kent, ME1 2XX, 

United Kingdom

Contact

Richard Cross

» Define the capability, deployability and sustainability 

requirements for future SAR unmanned vehicles

Results

Tel  : +44 1634 844400

» Define and evaluate operational performance improve-

E-mail  : contact@darius-fp7.eu

ments of current deployed solutions

The project delivered a fully working, modular, scalable 

Website  : www.darius-fp7.eu

and  sustainable  prototype  of  a  system-of-systems 

» Reduce the cost of unmanned SAR solutions

formed by heterogeneous and diverse unmanned plat-

Description of the work 

forms equipped with various payloads.  

This objective was achieved by designing a Generic Ground 

Station (GGS) to provide command and control tasking of 

multiple unmanned vehicles simultaneously, with overall 

DARIUS’  work  was  broken  down  into  seven  work  

situation awareness and visualisation of the sensor out-

packages (WPs).

WP1: Project management.

puts of the multiple unmanned vehicles.  Associated data 

interface standards have been defined to ensure interoper-

ability with a smooth and transparent data flow between 

the GCS of the unmanned platforms and the GGS where 

WP2: User Needs and Concept of Operations 

this information is orchestrated to providing the operator 

with a continuously updated common operational picture.  

WP3: Integration Design. Generation of requirements 

The system was fully integrated in the command and 

and interoperability standards

control chain with a consistent communication network. 

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Response 
 
 
 
DARIUS

405

The consortium also delivered several components that 

chemicals, a 4G wireless telecommunication network 

can significantly enhance SAR operations, either indi-

(WiMAX), a command-and-control module for integrating 

vidually or in the context of the integrated system of 

SAR operations data with legacy command and control 

systems.  The project’s prototype required the adapta-

systems, and a mobile application.

tion and enhancement of the ground control station 

software of several unmanned platforms (aerial, ground 

Throughout the project there was continuous engage-

and marine) and payloads to enhance their capability 

ment with end users to ensure that the systems devel-

and compliance with the DARIUS common protocol to 

oped were fit for their intended purpose and will add 

deliver a fully interoperable solution. 

real value to SAR missions.

A number of side products, having their own potential in 

A  comprehensive  exploitation  plan  was  developed, 

SAR, were developed and delivered by members of the 

and the project team was committed to ensure that 

consortium. These include the DARIUS common protocol, 

all stakeholders achieved maximum benefit from the 

a portable tactical command post (Generic Ground Sta-

research project.

tion), a portable sensor for detecting levels of dangerous 

PARTNERS 

BAE Systems (Operations) Ltd (BAES) 
Cassidian S.A.S. (CASS) 
DFRC AG (DFRC) 
SKYTEK LTD (SKY) 
TELINT RTD Consultancy Services LTD (TEL) 
FUTURE INTELLIGENCE EREVNA TILEPIKINONIAKON KE PLIROFORIAKON SYSTIMATON EPE (FINT) 
OFFICE NATIONAL D’ETUDES ET DE RECHERCHES AEROSPATIALES (ONE) 
STIFTELSEN SINTEF (SIN) 
ECA SA (ECA) 
NATIONAL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS (NTUA) 
CENTER FOR SECURITY STUDIES (KEM) 
ECOMED bvba (ECO) 
CORK INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (NMCI) 
CEREN 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
France
Switzerland
Ireland
United Kingdom
Greece
France
Norway
France
Greece
Greece
Belgium
Ireland
France

406

e
n
u
d
o
t
o
h
p

-

i
c
i
c
n
o
a
B
©

l

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

ELITE / Elicit To Learn Crucial Post –Crisis Lessons

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

312497

Total Cost  

€ 1,185,911.40 

EU Contribution  

€ 940,418

Starting Date  

01/01/2013

End Date  

18 months

UNIVERSIDAD DE 

NAVARRA (TECNUN)

The overall objective of the ELITE project was to improve 

The project was divided into six workpackages:

European emergency preparedness, response and recovery 

from natural disasters such as floods, large scale forest 

WP1: Management

fires and earthquakes. For this purpose several sub objec-

tives  were defined:

WP2: ELITE Community of Practise –Workshops

Four scenario based workshops were arranged for each 

» To establish a Community of Practice (CoP) in Crisis 
Management to improve the sharing of lessons learned 

disaster scenario (Fires, Earthquakes, Floods and Holistic). 

The ELITE CoP contributed to the founding of the lessons 

and disaster knowledge among different organizations 

learned database, to required validations and to dissemi-

involved in the crisis management process such as 

nation and continuous update of the living document.

responders, civil protection agencies, NGOs, critical 

Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 13 

infrastructures, private firms and industries etc. 

WP3: ELITE living document of crisis management

20018 Donostia-San Sebastian

Spain

Contact

» Create a tested and validated ELITE living document 
of crisis management. The ELITE living document is a 

the tasks needed to develop the living document, includ-

ing requirement specification, design and programming.

WP3 built upon information from WP2 and comprised all 

José María Sarriegi

publicly available web solution comprised of: 

Tel  : +34 943 21 98 77

  +  A “living” repository of best practices

WP4: Knowledge gathering, categorisation and analysis

Fax  : +34 943 31 14 42

  + A “living” repository of guidelines

WP4 included knowledge gathering, categorisation and 

E-mail  : coordinator@ 

  +  Social media features where authorised agents can 

analysis in order to develop a holistic analysis of les-

elite-eu.org

Website  : www.elite-eu.org/

freely operate and interact

sons learned.

» Implement the ELITE living document gathering in-
formation from experts through three scenario based 

WP5: Learning process analysis

Through WP5 a framework for knowledge and experi-

workshops, a table-top exercise and interviews. 

ence transfer, and learning process improvement across 

organizations and countries within the EU were developed

WP6: Dissemination of lessons learned

It included the dissemination activities carried out by all 

partners at workshops, meetings, etc. and by building 

relations with major actors involved in natural disasters.

» Analyse the learning process from lessons learned to 
lessons implemented to identify the existing difficulties 

» Deliver recommendations for future research. The project will 
deliver recommendations for future research in these topics:

  +  Knowledge gathering, categorisation and analysis 

processes

  +  Best practices and guidelines for each individual 

analysed disaster type: floods, earthquakes and fires. 

  +  Integration of common aspects of different disaster types.

  +  Use of social media for learning and cooperation 

purposes.

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Response 
 
 
ELITE

407

Results

» The establishment of the ELITE CoP involves relevant 
stakeholders in crisis management from a wide variety 

of backgrounds with the desire to share experiences 

and learn from others. 

crisis management sector to identify and categorize 

lessons learned and best practices from different dis-

asters. It also provides solutions to transfer knowledge 

between disaster areas.

» A set of evaluation criteria to analyze the transfer 
of knowledge and experiences within the learning 

» A tested and validated living document, which inte-
grates the lessons learned in previous disasters and 

processes identifying their benefits and weaknesses. 

ELITE project has achieved to extract the underlying 

facilitates the sharing of this knowledge among the 

knowledge and the process to transfer experience in 

members of the ELITE CoP. The content of the liv-

crisis management with the goal of guaranteeing con-

ing document is being continuously updated by the 

tinuous improvement. 

members of ELITE CoP

» A holistic framework for post-crisis lessons learned 
reporting that serves experts at different levels in the 

» Dissemination in journals, conferences and media of 
the guidelines and recommendations for improving 

the learning process developed on the ELITE project.

PARTNERS 

Universidad de Navarra (TECNUN) 
Forsvarets Forkninginstitutt (FFI) 
Hogskolen I Gjovik (GUC) 
Forschungsinstitut des Rotten Kreuzes (FRK) 
I.S.A.R. Germany Stiftung Gemeinnutzige Ug (Haftungsbeschrankt) Gmbh 
Thales S. A. (TRT) 
Szkola Glowna Sluzby Pozarniczej (SGSP) 
Consiglio Nazionale delle Richerche (IMAA-CNR) 
Associazione dei Comuni Dell’Umbria 

COUNTRY

Spain
Norway
Norway
Austria
Germany
France
Poland
Italy
Italy

408

R
E
D
N
O
P
S
-
E
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

E-SPONDER / A holistic approach towards the first responder of 
the future

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

(communications, GIS, data processing modules, database)  

suitable and selected for crisis management purposes;

242411

Total Cost  

€ 12,922,363.40

EU Contribution  

€ 8,790,044

Starting Date  

01/07/2010

End Date  

31/12/2014

The proposed system addresses the need for an inte-

grated personal digital support system to support first 

responders in crises occurring in various types of critical 

» Training of First Responders. The goal of the E-
SPONDER platform is to provide, at both a state and 

infrastructures under all circumstances. E-SPONDER pro-

local level, an up-to-date list of available trained person-

poses modular terminal and overall open system architec-

nel that can be identified and deployed quickly in the 

ture in order to facilitate the need for enhanced support 

event of a crisis situation. In that sense, E-SPONDER 

provision in all cases. It deals with the study, design and 

will help the authorities to better define first responder 

implementation of a robust platform for the provision of 

job profiles and technical competencies. These profiles 

specialized ad-hoc services, facilities and support for first 

and competencies will then be managed by the e.Learn 

EXODUS S.A.

responders that operate at crisis scenes located mainly 

platform that will link individual competency gaps to 

6-10 Farandaton Street

within critical infrastructures. In order to address the di-

learning and development, and create a central reposi-

11527, Athens

verse needs stemming from the complexity of operations, 

tory of resources and associated skill sets for proactive 

Greece

Contact

a three-layer approach is proposed. Modularity is a key 

selection and succession planning;

issue to the overall system design whether it refers to 

Dr. Dimitris Vassiliadis

the mobile/dispersed units of the first responders or the 

Tel : +30 210 7450321

back-office applications, systems and services. 

Fax : +30 210 7450399

» Logistics  of  First  Responders.  A  full  and 
comprehensive  analysis  and  study  of  the  cur-

rent  situation  as  well  as  the  one  derived  from  

E-mail  : dvas@exodussa.com

Website  : www.e-sponder.eu

» First Responder Units (FRU). As far as the first re-
sponders’ units are concerned, different operational 

E-SPONDER outcomes will be performed in order to set 

up the conceptual design parameters of an Emergency 

needs have to be addressed according to the origin of 

Management Process based on ERS&LS (Emergency 

the first responder. In other words, there are different 

Resource Support & Logistics System) capable of pro-

functional, performance and specific requirements for 

viding comprehensive situational awareness to decision 

different users including police officers, paramedics, 

makers to ensure a timely, co-ordinated and effective 

rescuers and fire brigade crews;

response to large scale disasters.

» Mobile Emergency Operations Centre (MEOC). The 
Mobile Emergency Operations Centre is a vital part of 

Results

the entire system. It provides a common operational pic-

1.  Provide a new generation First Responder Support 

ture of the situation as well as a communication bridge 

Platform:

between the first responders that operate in the field 

and the main, remotely located Emergency Operations 

   a.  A complete First Responder Unit (FRU) comprising of:

Centre (usually located at Civil Protection Headquarters);

» Emergency Operations Centre (EOC). The Emergency 
Operations  Centre  is  the  heart  of  the  E-SPONDER 

• Interoperable wireless communication system
• Ubiquitous and seamless localisation and navigation
• Protective garment engineered to accommodate 
wearable chemical and physiological sensors and 

platform. It contains the entire necessary infrastructure  

motion detection and activity classification

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Response 
E-SPONDER

409

• A mobile computing element (a smartphone and 

   e.  Integration  of  different  innovative  and  existing 

a custom designed communication board)

devices

   b.  Design and implementation of a centrally-located 
Emergency Operation Centre (EOC) having full con-

2.  The project studied the underlying socio-economic 
environment where E-SPONDER technology may oper-

trol over remote operations:
• Flexible communications infrastructure
• Customisable communication management
• Logistics Management System

ate by addressing:

   a.  The emerging training needs for increased opera-

tional efficiency

   c.  A Mobile Emergency Operations Centre (MEOC) 
acting as an ad-hoc replica of the EOC; a mobile 

   b.  The regulation framework, legal and standardi-
zation issues relevant to E-SPONDER’s objectives 

command post

and research

   d.  A flexible architecture with improved data fusion, 
interconnection and interoperability between dif-

3.  E-SPONDER demonstration and validation in full-scale 
pilots (aircraft crash, building collapse and vessel fire)

ferent system elements

PARTNERS 

Exodus S.A.(EXO) 
University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE) 
CrisisPlan B.V. (CPLAN) 
Prosyst Software GmbH (PROS) 
Immersion S.A. (IMM) 
Rose Vision (ROSE)  
Telcordia Poland Sp. z.o.o. (TARC-PL) 
Centre Suisse d’Electronique et de Microtechnique S.A. (CSEM) 
Smartex Srl (SMTX) 
Technische Universität Dresden (TUD) 
YellowMAP AG (YA)  
PANOU S.A. (PANOU)  
Telcordia Taiwan (TARC-TW)  
Institute for Information Industry (III)  
Entente pour la forêt Méditerranée (EPLFM)  

COUNTRY

Greece
Italy
The Netherlands
Germany
France
Spain
Poland
Switzerland
Italy
Germany
Germany
Greece
Taiwan
Taiwan
France

410

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-
d
o
o
G
_

l
i

h
P
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

ESS / Emergency support system

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

217951

Total Cost  

€ 14,025,624.80

EU Contribution  

€ 9,142,126

Starting Date  

01/06/2009

End Date  

31/05/2013

The purpose of ESS is to enable improved control and man-

the coupling of the ESS system with crisis decision support 

agement of major crisis events such as natural disasters, 

systems currently under development). The ESS will provide 

industrial accidents, terror attacks etc. The idea guiding the 

an open API in order to allow any public authority, if needed, 

development of ESS is a portable, modular and autonomous 

to add more applications customized to its particular needs. 

system which fuses in real-time various forms of field-derived 

ESS interfaces are open as they are based on OGC standards. 

data including video, audio, weather measurements, location 

Each commercial application which will adopt OGC standards 

tracking, radioactivity, bio-chemical, telecom derived data, 

will be able to connect to ESS in a plug and play manner. 

affected population reports and other information. The data 

is collected and communicated via both portable and fixed 

Any abnormal event may register as a sudden change or cu-

VERINT SYSTEMS LTD

platforms, including wireless communication devices, Un-

mulative changes in one or several mediums which it interacts 

Mr. Gideon Hazzani

manned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), Unmanned Ground Systems 

with (Telecom, Air, Spatial, Visual, Acoustic and more). Therefore, 

33 Maskit St Herzliya,  

(UGS), air-balloons and field-vehicles. The fusion of the data 

effective control of such an abnormal event means : monitoring 

46733 Israel

Contact

is handled within a central system which performs informa-

each medium independently in real-time, activating an alarm 

tion analysis and provides decision support applications for 

when sudden or cumulative changes in one or more mediums 

Mr. Gideon Hazzani

web based command and control systems. This provides 

are detected, and when necessary contacting the affected 

Email : Gideon.Hazzani@

flexible, yet comprehensive coverage of the affected area. 

population and providing mass evacuation capabilities. ESS 

verint.com 

will integrate all these means to one central system which 

Website  : www.ess-project.eu

Once available to the market, the ESS concept will offer real time 

will enable crisis managers to respond to these challenges. 

synchronization and information sharing between first responders 

and support forces at the site of the incident. ESS will also en-

In order to validate the system it will be tested in three different 

able the commanders to communicate with the affected on-site 

test fields : a fire in a forested area, an event in a crowded stadium 

personnel by sending text (SMS) or recorded voice messages.

and a toxic waste dump accident. Operating ESS under different 

Description of the work

scenarios is needed in order to test the system’s capabilities 

in different kinds of crises using a variety of collection tools.

The ESS consortium intends to develop a revolutionary crisis 

The partners in the ESS project are at the forefront of techno-

communication system that will reliably transmit filtered and 

logical development. Each of the partners brings important and 

pre-organized information streams to the crisis command 

complementary expertise to the project. Three partners represent 

system, which will provide the relevant information that is 

the end users for ESS technologies, solutions and perspectives. 

actually needed to make critical decisions. 

The information streams in ESS will be organized in such a 

Results

way that they can be easily enhanced by and combined with 

The aim of the ESS project was to provide crisis managers with 

other available applications and databases (thus enabling 

information needed to inform their decisions, and to mount an 

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Response 
 
ESS

411

effective response. ESS’ specific objectives included improving 

To connect and harmonise all the information flowing from the 

on-scene data collection, expanding the dissemination of ac-

sensors, ESS developed the “Data Fusion Mediation System” 

curate data and minimising the uncertainty inherent to crises.  

(DFMS) as a centralised database connected to all front-end 

The ESS project achieved the following:
» The development and improvement of front-end data col-

lection tools

sensors activated in the system. ESS improved communication 

between sensors and database, data fusion of data from dif-

ferent types of sensors and spatial data localisation.

» The creation of a centralised data fusion system that con-
nects to all front-end sensors activated in the system. 

To improve dissemination the project developed a web-based 

portal. The idea behind the ESS portal was to create an ef-

» The synchronised dissemination of relevant data

ficient synchronisation framework to manage data and infor-

mation flows between different public authorities involved in 

Sensors are often hard to put in place in crisis situations, which 

emergency management operations and the crisis managers 

leads to insufficient or broken data. To counter this problem, 

(rescue forces, police, fire-department, homeland-security, 

ESS worked on the integration of current technologies to gen-

municipality, etc.). The ESS portal provided the involved actors 

erate portable sensor platforms (UAVs, air balloons, blimps, 

with a common, uniform and ubiquitous platform for col-

tripods, etc.), which are especially hardy and reliable in the 

lecting, analysing and sharing real time data for supporting 

face of extreme conditions. 

management decisions. 

PARTNERS 

VERINT SYSTEMS LTD (VRNT) 
Wind Telecomunicazioni SpA (WIND) 
International Geospatial Services Institute GMBH (IGSI) 
Intergraph CS (ING) 
GMV Sistemas S.A. (GMV)  
CS Systèmes d’Information (CS)  
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer-IAIS) 
ITIS Holdings plc. (ITIS) 
Algosystems SA (ALGO)  
Alcatel-Lucent Italia (ALI)  
APD Communications Ltd. (APD) 
Anonymos Etaireia Antiprosopeion Emporiou Kai Viomichanias (ANCO)  
FAENZI srl. (FNZI)  
CENTER FOR SECURITY STUDIES (KEMEA)  
The Imego Institute (IMEGO)  
Magen David Adom (MDA)  
Ernst & Young (EY)  
Aeronautics Defense Systems (AERO) 
DIGINEXT SARL (DXT)  
Entente pour la forêt méditerranéenne (CEREN) 

COUNTRY

Israel
Italy
Germany
Czech Republic
Spain
France
Germany
United Kingdom
Greece
Italy
United Kingdom
Greece
Italy
Greece
Sweden
Israel
Israel
Israel
France
France

412

i

k
c
o
t
S
_
a
i
s
n
e
r
e
w
k
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

eVACUATE / A holistic, scenario-independent, situation-awareness 
and guidance system for sustaining the Active Evacuation Route for large crowds

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

framework that will enhance the effectiveness of com-

plex crowd evacuation operations by:

313161

Total Cost  

€ 13,135,530.71  

EU Contribution  

€ 8,583,311.91 

Starting Date  

01/04/2013

Duration  

48 months

EXODUS S.A (EXO)

Innovation Department

The dynamic capture of situational awareness concerning 

crowds in specific mass gathering venues and its intelligent 

1.  Defining a full architecture and developing underly-

enablement into emergency management information sys-

ing necessary technological backbone, designed to 

tems, using smart communication devices and spaces is critical 

provide improved data fusion, interconnection and 

for achieving rapid, timely guidance and safe evacuation of 

interoperability between the different system elements 

people out of dangerous areas. Humans could be overwhelmed 

and layers, reducing data ambiguity to a minimum.

by fast changes of potentially dangerous incidents occurring 

at confined environments with mass-gathering. They could 

2.  Providing a full-set of systems and services built in ac-

fail to make objective decisions to find their way to safety. 

cordance to innovative, integrated standards and peer-

This condition may lead to mass panic and make emergency 

to-peer architecture, supporting a variety of complex 

management more challenging. To cope with these incidents, 

73-75 Mesogeion Av &  

eVACUATE yields a holistic system: 

Estias Str 1

115 26 Athens, 

Greece

Contact

» To provide a valuable tool to guarantee enhanced Situ-
ational Awareness both to the crowds involved during 

a crisis but also to the crews operating in situ as well 

crowd evacuation operations. This will be achieved with:
» Monitoring crowd behavior, surveying current environmental 
conditions, controlling the evacuation flow and predicting in-

cidents that could cause problems to the overall operations 
» Dynamically simulating an evacuation in a faster than 
real-time way so as to predict potential (future) in-

Dr. Dimitris Petrantonakis

as in remote locations (security crews, first responders, 

cidents evolving as a consequence of other current 

Tel  : +30 210 7450321

crisis managers)

Mobile  : +30 6947566676  

» To adapt dynamically evacuation plans according to 

Fax  : +30 2107450399

current conditions

events, through a game awareness framework

» Developing a centralized Data Fusion Mediation System 
(DFMS) to provide together with the command and con-

E-mail  : dvas@exus.co.uk

dvas@exodussa.com

» To provide an easy to use (visual, multi-lingual) set 
of safe evacuation instructions available over a mul-

trol modules, the web portal and the back-end applica-

tions, an accurate and intelligent coordination of activi-

Website  :  

titude of alternative and complementary presentation 

ties during evacuation operations and decision making

http://www.evacuate.eu/

channels under a resilient, reliable and robust way, 

regardless of the functionality of the “global network”
» To support civil protection authorities in the formation 
and validation of proper safety procedures for crowd 

management (Reconstruction of Experiences)

» To set a cornerstone for the standardization of equip-
ment, processes and methodologies for evacuation 

purposes on an EU level, addressing the cross-cultural 

issues emerging from diversity imposed by citizens

Description of the work 

The overall mission of the eVACUATE consortium is to 

research, develop and demonstrate the capabilities of a 

3.  Integrating different innovative and existing modules 

such as:

» Multiple types of sensors ranging from visual cameras 
and hyper-spectral imaging to RFIDs and pervasive 

technologies, 

» Sophisticated early location devices, based on Wireless 
Sensors Networks consisting of low-power sensors nodes
» Communication between first responders, command 
centers and the crowd itself with integrated network-

ing platforms and ad-hoc mechanisms to guarantee 

resilient communications 

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Response 
eVACUATE

413

and performing the necessary hardware and software 

» An optimal evacuation strategy and path, updated as 

enhancements, so that all involved system elements 

an event evolves 

can be seamlessly integrated to the main platform while 

» Projection of the most updated SA to all actors through 

interoperability is ensured.

4. Studying and developing the underlying socio-eco-

nomic environment by addressing ethics, legal issues, 

regulation societal context, standardization and National 

and International operating procedures

an interactive 3D common operational picture

» Crowd-behaviour monitoring in real time and the de-
tection of unusual behaviour to predict incidents that 

might cause problems to the overall operations
» Collection of field data through “smart” IoT devices 
» Personalised evacuation routing and guidelines to 
citizens and security personnel via “smart” actua-

5. Demonstrating the developed system and validating 

tors, including dynamic exit signs and digital signs as 

its operational characteristics in full-scale field trials that 

well as mobile-based communications and dispatch 

will simulate realistic emergencies and crises. The whole 

mechanisms

system will be tested involving four different evacuation 

» Resilient communications and interoperability with 

scenarios: a Football Stadium Scenario, an Airport scenario, 

legacy systems 

a Cruise ship scenario and an Underground (Metro) scenario.

Results

The project eVACUATE addresses the needs of citizen 

» Higher precision of assessment regarding a disaster’s 
scale and magnitude to better manage evacuation 

and strategies

» Compliance with legal and societal acceptance, taking 
into account the protection of fundamental rights of 

safety during complex evacuations by creating an easily 

citizens such as the protection of privacy and per-

deployable system to timely identify threats, designate 

sonal data

and sustain an active evacuation route, increase situ-

eVACUATE established a liaison with CEN/TC 391 and 

ational awareness (SA) and improve response times 

introduced new approaches to emergency and evacuation 

under any circumstances at any location. 

planning, possibly to be adopted in a future revision of 

Several systems were developed and integrated into a 

demonstrated in four pilots to show its potential for 

common platform, offering the following: 

increasing safety and security.

ISO 22315:2014. Finally, the system was successfully 

PARTNERS 

EXODUS S.A (EXO) 
University of Southampton IT Innovation Centre (ITINNOV) 
Institute of Communications and Computer Systems (ICCS) 
HKV LIJN in Water BV (HKV) 
Telesto Technologies (TEL) 
Tekniker-Ik4 (TEK) 
Athens International Airport S.A (AIA) 
Vitrociset s.p.a (VITRO) 
Crowd Dynamics International Limited (CDI) 
INDRA SISTEMAS S.A. (INDRA) 
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KUL) 
Diginext SARL (DXT) 
Politechnico Di Torino – Dipartimento di Matematico (POLITO) 
STX France S.A (STX-FR) 
Technische Universität Dresden (TUD) 
Technische Universität Chemnitz (TUC) 
Real Sociedad De Futbol S.A.D (ASRS) 
Metro Bilbao S.A (METB) 
Telecom Italia S.p.A  (TIM) 

COUNTRY

Greece
United Kingdom
Greece
The Netherlands
Greece
Spain
Greece
Italy
United Kingdom
Spain
Belgium
France
Italy
France
Germany
Germany
Spain
Spain
Italy

414

D
I
T
S
A
F
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i
i

r
r
o
o
t
t
a
a
n
n
d
d
r
r
o
o
o
o
C
C

FASTID / Fast and efficient international disaster victim identification

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

242339

Total Cost  

€ 2,990,190

EU Contribution  

€ 2,270,476

Starting Date  

01/04/2010

End Date  

31/03/2013

» Development of an information management and deci-
sion support system for disaster victims and missing 

international standards agreed to date for the collec-

tion of data for identification of victims and present 

person identification satisfying end user requirements 

software as a basis and these will be extended with Rich 

enabling the storing and comparison of different char-

Internet Application methods and further identification 

acteristics which may lead to the identification of any 

techniques.

one individual;

» To develop an internationally acceptable format and 
training for accurate and repeatable data recording 

monality of reporting and understanding of the terms in 

the INTERPOL forms leading to a better understanding 

An ‘aide aside’ will be designed to facilitate a com-

THE INTERNATIONAL 

in the system;

CRIMINAL POLICE  
ORGANIZATION – I.C.P.O. 
INTERPOL,  

» To test and evaluate the system;

General Secretariat

» To develop exploitation strategies.

of the nature of the data being recorded and its true 

international translation. This will form the starting point 

for a full online training programme which will be de-

veloped utilising the most effective and efficient means 

of ensuring operational commonality between countries 

200, Quai Charles de Gaulle

and organisations. 

69006 Lyon,  

France

Contact

Description of the work

The project will start by collecting detailed end-user 

for assisting forensic identification with respect to faces, 

Research will be carried out into image retrieval methods 

Peter Ambs, Operational 

requirements. 

Police Support Directorate

body modifications (e.g. tattoos), decorations, property 

and clothing. 3D morphing and craniofacial reconstruc-

Tel  : +33 (0)4 72 44 72 92

It will be necessary to consider not only the performance 

tion and superimposition approaches will be investigated 

Fax  : +33 (0)4 72 44 73 80

of the system itself for international and national police 

for this application. The best results are planned to be 

E-mail  : p.ambs@interpol.int

work but also its interface with INTERPOL’s present 

implemented into the core system.

Website  : http ://www.interpol.

network and channels for uploading and distributing 

int/FASTID.asp

data and other identification software. 

There will be extended testing and evaluation of the 

These requirements will feed into the design of the 

eration. Exploitation strategies will be developed.

results and these will allow for some development reit-

overall system and the specific specifications for system 

modules and interfaces.

A core system will be developed taking INTERPOL’s paper 

Ante-Mortem (AM) Disaster Victim Identification (DVI) 

form and Post-Mortem (PM) DVI together with its Yellow 

Notice and Black Notice forms, which use the minimum 

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Response 
FASTID

415

Results

The team developed face recognition methods to aid 

the identification of persons based on images through 

FASTID focused on developing a prototype database to 

biometric algorithms. The project also created train-

support Interpol’s “Disaster Victim Identification” (DVI) forms 

ing material in support of global common operational 

since the latter represent massive amounts of paperwork 

methodologies regarding data recording in INTERPOL 

that are hard to navigate. To improve Interpol’s database’s 

member countries.

search function several matching techniques were devel-

oped as part of the project whose research included DNA 

The prototype system has been implemented on Inter-

matching techniques and “image” matching techniques. 

pols hosted platform in Lyon. Its conversion into actual 

production would aid international police cooperation for 

FASTID created methods to search image databases by 

both disaster victim identification and for daily police 

content-based image retrieval methods, using tattoo im-

work. The database has decentralized access for use 

ages as a secondary means of identification, for example. 

in conjunction with mass fatality events and everyday 

It also explored identification of human skeletal remains 

policing requirements, for example.

using face recognition software (FRS) and craniofacial 

reconstruction (CFR) and superimposition (CFS). 

PARTNERS 

International Criminal Police Organization - I.C.P.O. (INTERPOL) 
Bundeskriminalamt (BKA) 
Plass Data Software A/S (Plass Data) 
University of Dundee (UNIVDUN) 
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer) 
Crabbe Consulting Ltd (CCLD) 

COUNTRY

France
Germany
Denmark
United Kingdom
Germany
United Kingdom

416

u
a
l
r
e
m
o
P

s
i
o
c
n
a
r
F

-

i

n
o
z
l
a
C

-

d
r
a
u
g
n
a
V
n
e

l
l

A
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

ICARUS / Integrated Components for Assisted Rescue and Unmanned 
Search operations

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

up the search and rescue process. Therefore, ICARUS 

concentrates on the development of unmanned search 

285417

Total Cost  

€ 17,554,528.49

EU Contribution  

€ 12,584,933.45

Starting Date  

01/02/2012

Duration  

48 months

» Development of a light sensor capable of detecting 

and rescue technologies for detecting, locating and res-

human beings;

cuing humans. In this context, there is vast literature on 

research efforts towards the development of unmanned 

» Development of cooperative Unmanned Aerial System 

search and rescue (SAR) tools. However, in the field, 

(UAS) tools for unmanned SAR; 

unmanned SAR tools still have great difficulty finding 

» Development of cooperative Unmanned Ground Vehicle 

their way to the end-users.

(UGV) tools for unmanned SAR; 

The ICARUS project addresses these issues, aiming to 

bridge the gap between the research community and 

ECOLE ROYALE  

» Development of cooperative Unmanned Surface Vehicle 

end-users, by developing a toolbox of integrated com-

MILITAIRE - KONINKLIJKE 

(USV) tools for unmanned SAR;

MILITAIRE SCHOOL

ponents for unmanned search and rescue. The objective 

of the ICARUS project is to develop robots which have 

Department of Mechanics

» Heterogeneous robot collaboration between Unmanned 

the primary task of gathering data. The unmanned SAR 

Av. De La Renaissance 30

Search And Rescue devices;

1000 Brussels, Belgium

Contact

Geert De Cubber

Tel  : +32 2 7426553

Mobile  : +32 478 640652

Fax  : +32 2 7426547

E-mail  : 

Website  : 

http ://www.fp7-icarus.eu/

geert.de.cubber@rma.ac.be

forces;

» Development of a self-organising cognitive wireless 
communication network, ensuring network interoper-

ability;

devices are foreseen to be the first explorers of the 

area, as well as in situ supporters to act as safeguards 

for human personnel. In order not to increase the cogni-

tive load of the human crisis managers, the unmanned 

SAR devices will be designed to navigate individually 

or cooperatively and to follow high-level instructions 

» Integration of Unmanned Search And Rescue tools 
in the C4I systems of the Human Search And Rescue 

from the base station. The robots connect wirelessly 

to the base station and to each other, using a wireless 

self-organising cognitive network of mobile communica-

tion nodes which adapts to the terrain. The unmanned 

» Development of a training and support system for the 
developed Unmanned Search And Rescue tools for the 

SAR devices are equipped with sensors that detect the 

presence of humans. At the base station, the data is 

Human Search And Rescue teams;

processed and combined with geographical informa-

» Communication and dissemination of project results.

personnel leading the operation with in-situ processed 

tion, thus enhancing the situational awareness of the 

Description of the work 

data that can improve decision-making. The Haitian 

experience has shown the importance acquired by the 

geographic component in the management of human 

In the event of a large crisis, a primordial task of the fire 

and technical resources in crisis situations. Similarly, it 

and rescue services is the search for human survivors 

has highlighted that a suitable distribution of thematic 

on the incident site. This is a complex and dangerous 

maps allows optimisation and interoperability of these 

task, which often leads to loss of lives. The introduc-

resources and accelerates the access to victims. All this 

tion of unmanned search and rescue devices can offer 

information will be integrated in existing C4I systems, 

a valuable tool for saving human lives and speeding 

used by the forces involved in the operations.

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Response 
 
 
 
 
 
ICARUS

417

Results

» X-LINK middleware software for tactical communi-
cations: an interoperable and resilient tactical com-

The ICARUS (Integrated Components for Assisted Rescue 

munication tool covering air/sea/land portable and 

and Unmanned Search operations) project conducted 

mobile nodes, and designed for fast deployment and 

integration work across a wide range of areas:

interoperability

» Unmanned maritime capsule: small autonomous sur-
face vehicle designed for search and rescue opera-

» GEOBEAM tool for tactical communications, planning 
and management: supports satellite networks planning, 

tions at sea

monitoring and optimisation of multi-radio tactical 

» Large unmanned ground vehicle: for use in and around 

buildings and for the detection of survivors 

networks

» Multi-domain robot command-and-control station: 
robot operating system and joint architecture for un-

» Training and support: a tool to gather and process data 
to distribute the results over a network. It is based on 

manned systems compliant with command and control 

station featuring interfaces to a wide set of commercial 

the NVIDIA GRID server with CITRIX middleware and 

and research platforms

provides computation power to build 3D models on-line 

to visualise them for multiple users

» Unmanned aerial vehicle team with field experience 
enabled rapid deployment for assisting international 

relief teams

» Rapid 3D mapping tools, combining data from air and 
ground to enable the combination of heterogeneous 

» Lightweight and integrated UAV platform for flight 
technologies: multirotor system optimised for search 
and rescue operations 

» ICARUS GIS virtual machine: a GIS virtual machine 
enabled for laptop use to provide geospatial capabilities 

and support to all command and control operations

environmental 3D datasets

A more detailed list of results can be found at http://

fp7-icarus.eu/project-results

PARTNERS 

COUNTRY

Belgium
ECOLE ROYALE MILITAIRE - KONINKLIJKE MILITAIRE SCHOOL (RMA) 
Belgium
SPACE APPLICATIONS SERVICES NV (SPACE) 
Spain
ESTUDIOS GIS S.L. (E-GIS) 
Spain
Centre de Tecnologia aerospacial (CTAE) 
Germany
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer-IZM) 
Poland
INSTYTUT MASZYN MATEMATYCZNYCH (IMM) 
France
JMDTHEQUE SARL (JTH) 
Austria
TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET WIEN (TUV) 
Spain
INTEGRASYS, S.A. (ISYS) 
Switzerland
Skybotix AG (SBX) 
Spain
QUOBIS NETWORKS SL (QUOBIS) 
Portugal
INESC PORTO - INSTITUTO DE ENGENHARIA DE SISTEMAS E COMPUTADORES DO PORTO (INESC) 
United Kingdom
ALLEN-VANGUARD LIMITED (AV) 
Switzerland
UNIVERSITE DE NEUCHATEL (UNINE) 
Switzerland
Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH) 
Spain
ATOS SPAIN SA (ATOS) 
Germany
TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET KAISERSLAUTERN (UKL) 
Italy
NATO Undersea Research Centre (NURC) 
Italy
CALZONI SRL (CAL) 
France
METALLIANCE SA (META) 
Portugal
ESRI PORTUGAL - SISTEMAS E INFORMACAO GEOGRAFICA SA (ESRI) 
Belgium
SPACETEC PARTNERS SPRL (STP) 
ESCOLA NAVAL (CINAV) 
Portugal
Federale overheidsdienst Buitenlandse Zaken, Buitenlandse Handel en Ontwikkelingssamenwerking (BFAST)  Belgium

418

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

INACHUS / Technological and Methodological Solutions for Integrated Wide 
Area Situation Awareness and Survivor Localization to Support Search and Rescue Teams

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

607522 

Total Cost  

€ 13,944,267.76

EU Contribution  

€ 9,885,037.58

Starting Date  

01/01/2015

Duration  

48 months

INSTITUTE OF  

COMMUNICATION AND 

COMPUTER SYSTEMS 

(ICCS)

I-SENSE Group

9, Iroon Politechniou Str. 

Zografou, Athens GREECE

15773 Zografou, Athens 

GREECE

Contact

Dr. Angelos Amditis

Tel  : +30 210 772 2398

Fax  : +30 210 772 2291

E-mail  : a.amditis@iccs.gr 

Website  :  

https://www.inachus.eu/

INACHUS aims to reduce the time of urban search and 

The INACHUS methodology is user-centric, involving 

rescue (USaR) by providing wide-area situation aware-

end-users as much and as often as possible. First re-

ness solutions for improved detection and localisation 

sponders (FRs) and USaR teams are regularly consulted 

of trapped victims. This relies on simulation tools for 

to collect insights, needs, and remarks. Based on these 

predicting structural failures and a holistic decision-

requirements, the project is designing, implementing and 

support mechanism that incorporates the operational 

evaluating an integrated platform. This will provide tools 

procedures and resources of relevant actors.

to enable FRs and USaR crews to respond to abnormal 

events, including those beyond a specific emergency 

case or crisis event. 

Results

IINACHUS should achieve a significant time reduction and 

an increase of efficiency in USaR operations by providing:

» Simulation tools to estimate the locations of survival 
spaces after a structural collapse and identifying the 

location of survivors in different construction types and 

building materials Decision and planning modules for 

advanced casualty and damage estimation based on 

input coming from airborne and ground-based laser-

scanning and imaging data Integration of sensors and 

mobile phone signalsfor detection and highly accurate 

localization A snake robot mechanism (integrated with 

the sensors) to penetrate rubble to locate trapped 

victims A communication platform to ensure sensor 

data can reach the command centre.

» An enhanced data analysis technique and 3-D visu-
alisation tool to be operated by crisis managers and 

decision makers

» System integration of all software and hardware sub-

components (i.e., the INACHUS platform)

» Interaction with international organisations and public 
authorities in the fields of USaR via an early defined 

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / ResponseINACHUS

419

and developed user group to ensure strong links with 

the user communities and standardisation bodies

» Consideration of societal impacts and legal/ethical 
issues of the proposed solution at the onset of the 

project to feed into the technical solutions

» Field and simulated tests designed and executed for 
presenting the capabilities of the INACHUS integrated 

platform

» A training package and extensive training courses for 

first responders

PARTNERS 

INSTITUTE OF COMMUNICATION AND COMPUTER SYSTEMS (ICCS) 
EXODUS A.E. (EXODUS) 
TOTALFORSVARETS FORSKNINGSINSTITUT (FOI) 
Crisisplan B.V. (CBV) 
OFFICE NATIONAL D’ETUDES ET DE RECHERCHES AEROSPATIALES (ONERA) 
FUNDACION TEKNIKER (TEK) 
FRAUNHOFER GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER ANGEWANDTEN FORSCHUNG EV (FHG) 
CINSIDE AB (CINSIDE) 
APPLIED SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL EUROPE SRL (ASI) 
DIGINEXT SARL (DXT) 
Laurea-ammattikorkeakoulu oy (LUAS) 
ENTENTE POUR LA FORÊT MÉDITERRANÉENNE (EPLFM) 
ANKARA BUYUKSEHIR BELEDIYE BASKANLIGINA (TCABBITF) 
STIFTELSEN SINTEF (SINTEF) 
UNIVERSITEIT TWENTE (ITC) 
SCHUSSLER-PLAN INGENIEURGESELLSCHAFT MBH (ScPl)  
  Germany
SODERTORNS BRANFORSVARSFORBUND (SBFF) 
TELINT RTD Consultancy Services LTD (TELINT) 
BYTE COMPUTER ANONYMI VIOMICHANIKIEMPORIKI ETAIREIA (BYTE) 
MIKROSYSTIMATA MIKROROIS GIA GENETIKOUS ELEGKOUS KAI MORIAKI DIAGNOSTIKI EPE (M2G) 

COUNTRY

Greece
Greece
Sweden
The Netherlands
France
Spain
Germany
Sweden
Italy
France
Finland
France
Turkey
Norway
The Netherlands

Sweden
United Kingdom
Greece
Greece

420

NMFRDISASTER / Identifying the Needs of Medical First 
Responders in Disasters

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

v
o
r
t
s
i
P

y
r
t
i

m
D
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°   

Project objectives

Results 

218057

Total Cost    

€ 815,079.25

EU Contribution   

€ 815,079.25 

Starting Date   

01/05/2008

End Date   

30/06/2009

MAGEN DAVID ADOM 
Yigal Alon 60

67062 Tel-Aviv

Israel

Contact

NMFRDISASTER aimed to research and recommend new 

A  key  finding  of  NMFRDISASTER  was  that  although 

methodologies for medical first-response organisations, 

medical preparedness for disasters in most organisa-

so as to allow them to better train and prepare for 

tions surveyed was high, evidenced-based material for 

disaster response tasks. It also sought to identify ap-

training was limited. 

propriate medical tools.

This research focused on five key areas:

evidence-based curriculum based on successful case 

» training methodology and technology used to train 

simulation programme for both medical treatment and 

medical first responders for disasters;

management issues.

studies, determined evaluation criteria and a training 

NMFRDISASTER thus proposes the creation of a formal, 

» understanding the human impact of disaster on medi-

In view of the fact that employment frameworks for the 

cal first responders;

use of medically trained volunteers are highly irregular 

across Europe, the project recommends creating and 

Chaim Rafalowski 

» ethical and legal issues influencing the medical re-

adopting a basic charter in this area. Provisions of the 

Tel : +972 3 6300292 

sponse to disasters;

Fax : +972 3 7396541

charter would include common minimum standards and 

a “rights and duties” agreements that could be signed 

E-mail : chaimr@mdais.co.il 

» personal protective equipment (PPE) used in chemical, 

between volunteers and medical organisations. 

Website :  

http://www.mdais.org

biological and radiological (CBR) incidents;

NMFRDISASTER also found a lack of procedural prepara-

» use of blood and blood products in disasters.

tion for the use of personal protective equipment to shield 

medical first-responders from chemical, biological or 

radiological contamination.  The project thus proposes the 

development of standard decontamination procedures, 

enhanced communications regimes and more stringent 

safety procedures for handling CBR incidents.

The project also proposed the development of new port-

able blood delivery technologies, and the formal set-up 

of emergency blood donation schemes to overcome the 

rapid decline in blood stocks instigated by a large-scale 

medical incident. 

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Response 
 
 
 
NMFRDISASTER

421

Finally,  the  project  considered  some  of  the  ethical, 

emotional, legal and media communication aspects of 

medical first response tasks. NMFRDISASTER concludes 

that a lack of public understanding of medical tasks in 

an emergency, combined with sensitivity towards issues 

such as blood donation and medical “triage” prioritisa-

tion, may place medical responders at great risk of legal 

liability charges and emotional trauma. 

Public awareness campaigns, cultural sensitivity training 

and further legal research is encouraged in these areas.

PARTNERS 

COUNTRY

Magen David Adom 
SAMUR Protección Civil, Ayuntamiento de Madrid 
AmbulanceZorg Nederland 
Danish Red Cross 
Sinergie S.r.l 
Fundación Rioja Salud 
Center for Science, Society and Citizenship 
Shield Group Inc. 
Charles University 
Al-Quds Nutrition and Health Research Institute                                                                               Palestinian-administered areas

Israel
Spain
The Netherlands
Denmark
Italy
Spain
Italy
Aruba
Czech Republic

422

.

m
o
c
o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

-

y
e
r
B
s
e
m
a
J
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

PEP / Public Empowerment Policies for Crisis Management

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

284927

Total Cost  

€ 1,065,206

EU Contribution  

€ 950,023

Starting Date  

01/01/2012

End Date  

31/12/2014

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

UNIVERSITY  

OF JYVÄSKYLÄ

Agora Center

Seminaarinkatu 15

PO Box 35

40014 University  

of Jyväskylä, Finland

Contact

Prof. Marita Vos

Tel  : +358 50 4410 358 

The purpose was to investigate how the crisis response 

conducted and an online questionnaire sent to interna-

abilities of the public can be enhanced and identify what 

tional experts. 

public empowerment policies can be utilised for this 

purpose. The project had the following objectives.

In work package 2 the focus was on community ap-

proaches involving social groups in crisis preparedness 

» To identify potential key enablers for public empower-

and response. An analysis of quantitative data and in-

ment for crisis management, by 3 studies : 

depth interviews was done in Sweden, focusing on remote 

• providing an overview of best practices showing 
strategies and tools used by authorities to enhance 

areas where storms may cause long power cuts and 

isolation. Interviews with members of the International 

Expert Panel were also conducted to scrutinise interna-

individual, family and community crisis response ;

tional applicability. 

• clarifying  in  depth  how  community  approaches, 
involving social groups in crisis preparedness and 

In work package 3 the aim was to assess how and what 

technologies could enhance human resilience in crisis 

response, are used, including success factors in how 

situations, taking into account technology acceptance 

to connect with community needs ;

models and inclusion requirements (diversity of pub-

• assessing how and what technologies can enhance 
human resilience in crisis situations taking percep-

lics). In Finland focus group interviews were organised to 

clarify what kind of communication technology citizens 

prefer for this purpose. The applicability of the conclu-

Mobile  : +358 50 4410 358

tions and social acceptance of the technologies and 

sions was scrutinized in interviews with members of the 

Fax  : +358 14 260 1021

mobile services into account.

International Expert Panel.

E-mail  : marita.vos@jyu.fi

Website  : www.projectPEP.eu

» To construct a Road Map charting promising areas 
for future R&D and implementation, supporting hu-

man resilience;

In work package 4 the focus was on constructing a Road 

Map charting directions for further research and imple-

mentation supporting human resilience. A preparation 

workshop was organised at the International Disaster 

» To ensure dissemination of the project results in order 
to raise awareness of the importance of public resil-

and Risk Conference (IDRC) 2012. In addition, a web 

platform was used to expose the preliminary conclusions 

ience, and how this can be achieved.

for review. During an international symposium within the 

framework of IDRC Davos 2014 the future orientation 

Description of the work 

of the Road Map will be discussed. 

In work package 1 the aim was to provide best practices 

In work package 5 the dissemination gets attention. An 

in how authorities currently enhance human resilience 

online toolbox will be produced with the guides about 

and what strategies and tools are used to promote indi-

key enablers for public empowerment in crisis situations, 

vidual and community crisis response. A desk study was  

concentrating on a) best practices, b) community ap-

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Response 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PEP

423

proach and c) human technology. Furthermore, a theme 

PEP also focused on policy recommendations. The report 

issue of the open access journal ‘Human Technology’ 

‘Roadmap public empowerment policies for crisis man-

will be prepared to disseminate the project results to 

agement’ advocates clear directions for further action of 

crisis managers and communication experts working for 

public empowerment policies for crisis management in 

public authorities and non-governmental organizations, 

the areas of practice, policymaking, and research. Without 

as well as European policymakers in the security area. 

structural inclusion of the public in resilience enhancing 

Results

activities, the increased expectations of citizens of two-

way communication will not be met. 

The project clarified best practices and showed guidelines 

The website www.projectPEP.eu offers the ‘Crisis com-

in the form of an accessible tool, the ‘Crisis communica-

munication WIKI for Professionals’, research outcomes 

tion WIKI for professionals’. Dialogue about the research 

and the ‘Roadmap public empowerment policies for crisis 

results was initiated via the International Disaster and 

management’.

Risk Conferences in Davos. An open call of the refer-

ence  journal, Human Technology, led to the publication 

of a special issue on ‘Community resilience in crises: 

Technology and social media enablers’. 

PARTNERS 

University of Jyväskylä (JyU) 
Mid Sweden University (MIUN) 
Global Risk Forum (GRF) 
Inconnect (Inconnect) 
Emergency Services College Finland (ESC) 

COUNTRY

Finland
Sweden
Switzerland
Netherlands
Finland

424

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

k
c
u
p
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SGL FOR USAR  /Second generation locator for urban search 
and rescue operations

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

217967

Total Cost  

€ 6,218,278

EU Contribution  

€ 4,859,026 

Starting Date  

01/10/2008

End Date  

31/10/2012

SGL for USaR is mission oriented towards solving critical 

The project is targeted at delivering next generation systems 

problems following large scale structural collapses in urban 

for USaR operations.

locations. The devotion, courage and expertise of rescuers 

need to be matched by procedures and technology that will 

For that purpose, relevant technical, scientific and operational 

enable safe and effective responses. 

issues will be addressed. 

This project will combine chemical and physical sensors in-

The project focuses on rapid location of entrapped or buried 

tegration with the development of an open ICT platform for 

victims (alive or deceased) and the continuous monitoring 

addressing mobility and time-critical requirements of USaR 

of the air conditions in the voids of damaged and partially 

NATIONAL TECHNICAL 

Operations. The project will also focus on medical issues and 

collapsed structures. Entrapped people and voids are associ-

UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS

on the relevant ethical dilemmas.

ated with characteristic visual, sound and chemical profiles, 

due to specific images or spectral emissions, and to acoustic 

Heroon Polytechneiou 

15780 Zographou 

Greece

Contact

Milt Statheropoulos

Description of the work 

signatures and chemical markers. 

» To use video images (image analysis), sound (sound signa-
tures), field chemical analysis (marker compounds), optical 

The adaptation of crisis management USaR services (lo-

gistics) with the early location and monitoring systems in a 

Tel.  : + 30 210 7723109

sensors (spectral analysis), data fusion and wireless com-

mobile command and control operational center is employed.

Fax  : + 30 210 7723188

munication in order to develop integrated, stand-alone early 

E-mail  :  

location devices for entrapped people and dead bodies, 

The project is formed by eight sub-projects (work packages) 

stathero@chemeng.ntua.gr 

and to employ the same kind of devices for monitoring 

running in parallel. These WPs address: the development of 

Website  : www.sgl-eu.org

and identifying hazardous conditions in voids of collapsed 

simulation environments ; the development and validation 

buildings due to the construction’s physical damage, flam-

of portable devices for location operations ; the development 

ing or smoldering fires and gases released;.

and validation of a smart sensors environment for monitoring 

» To develop integrated remote early location and monitoring 
systems for localization purposes based on the deployment 

the situation under the ruins ; the management of medical 

information, including privacy and bioethics ; and finally the 

of networks of probes. Such systems will also be capable 

development of an ICT platform that will integrate all the 

of receiving other types of data (e.g. sonar);

previous data, ensure interoperability and control the flow 

» To integrate early location and monitoring systems with 
communication and information management applications 

of the information from the field to the operational center. 

that can provide multi-level processing and data fusion and 

Results

will support relevant USaR services and logistics (medical 

support, mobilization, tools, transportations, communica-

The project developed two tangible product prototypes: 

tions). The SGL for USaR project will use multidisciplinary 

FIRST and REDS.

approaches, optimize existing cutting-edge technologies 

and make the best use of available resources.

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Response 
 
 
SGL FOR USAR

425

FIRST is a portable rescue device to monitor hazardous 

conditions or locate entrapped victims/dead bodies within 

collapsed buildings.  It can be used for:

» locating trapped victims
» detecting unconscious victims using human scent
» surveillance and monitoring of confined spaces
» environmental monitoring of hazardous conditions

» monitor confined spaces
» check for life signs or hazardous conditions
» remotely monitor a victim’s vital signs
» monitoring safety conditions during search and rescue
» augment the capabilities of rescue teams

The project also developed a centralized command-and-

control system to integrate the two prototypes and an 

environmental test chamber to simulate collapsed build-

The second prototype, REDS, is a network of remotely 

ings, an alarm module and a digital library to identify 

controlled sensors that can be installed in a collapsed 

image and sound signatures.  

building for unattended monitoring and to detect life signs 

or hazardous conditions. It consists of eleven nodes: four 

Finally, SGL for USAR investigated bioethics in rescue 

fixed anchors and seven mobile probes. The latter com-

operations and created an online technology forum for 

prise a gas sensor system, video camera, audio sensor, 

discussion and collaboration between interested parties.

vibration sensor, medical locator, telemedicine probe and) 

field portable GC/IMS instruments. REDS was designed to:

PARTNERS 

National Technical University of Athens 
Service Départemental d’Incendie et de Secours du Vaucluse 
Direccio General De Prevencio I Extincio D’incendis I Salvaments 
FAENZI s.r.l. 
Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus 
Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Analytischen Wissenschaften e.V. 
ECOMED bvba 
Environics Oy 
Austrian Academy of Sciences 
Entente Interdépartementale en vue de la Protection de l’Environnement et de la Foret contre l’Incendie 
ANCO S.A. Agencies, Commerce & Industry 
University of Dortmund 
TEMAI Ingenieros S.L. 
G.A.S. Gesellschaft für analytische Sensorsysteme mbH 
Universidad Politecnica de Madrid 
Savox Communications Ltd 
University of Athens 
Markes International ltd 
Bay Zoltan Foundation for Applied Research 
Critical Links SA 
The University of Loughborough 

COUNTRY

Greece
France
Spain
Italy
Finland
Germany
Belgium
Finland
Austria
France
Greece
Germany
Spain
Germany
Spain
Finland
Greece
United Kingdom
Hungary
Portugal
United Kingdom

426

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SPARTACUS / Satellite Based Asset Tracking for Supporting 
Emergency Management in Crisis Operations

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

313002

Total Cost  

€4,497,612

EU Contribution  

€3,175,396

Starting Date  

01/11/2013

Duration  

36 months

Motivated by the opportunity to develop industrial “pull” 

The project’s methodology will progress through identi-

applications and services for the European EGNOS and 

fication, development, implementation and exploitation. 

GALILEO satellite systems, SPARTACUS will design, de-

Based on identification of end-user requirements, the 

velop, test and validate in simulated and real world 

functional and technical specifications of components 

scenarios GALILEO-ready tracking/positioning solutions 

and those at system level will be defined, followed by 

for critical asset tracking and crisis management. At a 

development of positioning, timing and communication 

general level, SPARTACUS will implement solutions for 

technologies. The components will be integrated to achieve 

location awareness for crisis management based on 

the system’s full functionalities for demonstration in test 

existing (GPS, EGNOS, EDAS) and incoming (GALILEO) 

beds, trials and practical exercises. Exploitation of the 

D’APPOLONIA S.P.A. 

satellite services and technologies. This will provide pre-

project results as well as training activities constitute 

(DAPP)

cise tracking/positioning by ensuring no gaps in com-

the final actions SPARTACUS will carry out to ensure the 

Innovation Consulting 

munication or coordination information. This will be done 

solutions’ deployment and to raise end-users’ awareness 

Division

in three application areas, namely to:

and market acceptance. 

Via San Nazaro 19

16145, Genova, ITALY

Contact

Clemente Fuggini

Tel  : +39 02 51800562 

» track, trace, and localise critical transport assets es-
pecially in times of crisis and in case of major failure 

of existing networks;

SPARTACUS will work toward innovative hardware and 

software. This will include hardware adaptations, algo-

rithms to improve the accuracy in tracking assets and 

persons, integration of the receivers with inertial platforms 

Mobile  : +39 3332090873

» track the flow of relief support goods from the sending 

to provide dead-reckoning functionalities, and the avail-

Fax  : +39 02 51800563

side to the receiving/end place;

ability of communication networks during emergencies 

E-mail  : clemente.fuggini@

via satellite backhauling. 

dappolonia.it

» support and ensure the safety of first responders in 

Website  : www.dappolonia.it

crisis management operations.

SPARTACUS end-users are rail and infrastructure man-

agers, companies involved in logistic operations during 

crisis context, and first responders involved in emergency 

coordination and management. 

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / ResponseSPARTACUS

427

Results

» Is independent of in-situ communication infrastructures 
since it relies on ad-hoc and deployable communica-

SPARTACUS (Satellite Based Asset Tracking for Supporting 

tion networks that enable access to a set of mobile/

Emergency Management in Crisis Operations) realised a 

web applications

wide range of solutions that can be deployed in mission 

operations. These were designed to enhance location 

awareness in emergency management and replace the 

» Uses an integrated common picture to display a large 
set of real time data from the field (tracking devices 

use of traditional terrestrial networks, which often fail 

and smartphone apps), which generates reliable sup-

during disasters, with satellite-based navigation and 

port for decision-maker coordination and management.

communication technologies. 

SPARTACUS’s integrated system was validated during 

algorithms for precision improvement, dead reckoning 

its last project year via laboratory tests and operational 

functionalities, location awareness and ad-hoc independ-

The project’s innovations included hardware adaptations, 

in-field exercises. A final demonstration was organised 

ent communication networks.

in Romania to assess its support capabilities during the 

operational management of a crisis, using a specific 

SPARTACUS answered the transport sector’s need for 

emergency scenario (i.e. train accident) and involving 

precise and robust tracking solutions to trace freight 

operators for transport assets and first responders.

trains across an entire railway network and to improve 

The final validated system:

the safety of vehicles transporting dangerous goods. 
For the emergency response sector, SPARTACUS devel-

oped tools and methods that support the coordination 

» Provides and enhances positioning features in indoor 
and outdoor environments by modular devices and 

of operations in the field.

smartphone applications

PARTNERS 

D’Appolonia S.p.A. (DAPP) 
University of Pavia (UNIPV) 
University of Bologna (UNIBO) 
Newcastle University (UNEW) 
Romanian Railway Authority (AFER) 
Institut Mihajlo Pupin (IMP) 
Disaster Management Advice and Training (DMAT) 
AnsuR Technologies (ANSUR) 
TriaGnoSys GmbH (TGS) 
GlobalGPS (GLOB) 
Akkon University (AKKON) 

COUNTRY

Italy
Italy
Italy
United Kingdom
Romania
Serbia
Austria
Norway
Germany
Bosnia
Germany

428

s
t
i
k
d
e
e
)
p
(
s
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

S(P)EEDKITS / Rapid deployable kits as seeds for self-recovery

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

» collective unit, an emergency shelter which could be 

removed or re-used for other purposes later;

284931

Total Cost  

€ 9,021,302

EU Contribution  

€ 6,117,066

Starting Date  

01/03/2012

Duration  

48 months

The main objective of S(P)EEDKITS is to develop kits for 

emergency response units, i.e. SPEEDKITS. Following best 

» family house unit, the first version of a real house, to 

practice guidelines from humanitarian organisations, 

be used in the transitional period and later;

these solutions will also be SEEDKITS, i.e. kits that form 

the seeds for the long term self-recovery process after 

a disaster strikes. 

» multipurpose unit for the humanitarian organizations, 
to be used for storage, offices and medical centres.

Humanitarian organisations like the Red Cross or MsF 

Water and Sanitation :

have sleeping emergency response units which start 

CENTRE SCIENTIFIQUE  

acting immediately after disaster strikes. Each unit has 

Research, development and testing of prototypes of flex-

& TECHNIQUE DE  

a specific function, e.g. medical care, sanitation, energy 

ible sanitation systems and low tech, low cost, small 

L’INDUSTRIE TEXTILE 

provision, or water supply.

BELGE

scale potable water kits, based on the use of “add-ons” 

for tuning to local needs and future application.

Technologiepark 7

S(P)EEDKITS targets a smart (re-)design of existing / 

BE-9052 Zwijnaarde, 

novel kits via smart packaging and via introduction of 

Sustainable infrastructure :

Belgium

Contact

Guy Buyle

Tel  : +32 9 220 41 51

the latest technological developments from a wide range 

of domains like coated textile materials, ICT, material 

Develop container-based command, communication and 

development, tensile structures and construction.

medical centre units, based on existing prototypes. The 

units can be reused or handed over to the local medi-

Mobile  : +32 492 73 76 19

Some examples : lightweight, durable and thermally isolating 

cal authorities.

Fax  : +32 9 220 49 55

tent materials, novel concepts for energy supply (biogas 

E-mail  : gbu@centexbel.be

from sanitation), smart packaging (matryoshka doll prin-

Design and testing of a biogas system for energy for 

Website  : www.speedkits.eu

ciple), kits for debris recuperation, and rapidly deployable 

ca.200 people based on faeces and household kitchen 

container solutions for a mobile hospital or command centre.

waste collection.

Description of the work 

Development of mobile debris recycling kit for producing 

easily usable building materials from the existing debris.

S(P)EEDKITS will design, develop, test and demonstrate 

units for emergency response in the following four domains :

Deployment and Tracking : 

Shelters :

Development of a deployment decision tool (DDT) to 

determine immediately which kits and support have to 

Design and development of novel shelter kits for four 

be deployed. As well as the development of a tracking 

different basic shelters :

system, tagging the individual transported packages – 

suitable for central operational planning & for local as-

» ultra lightweight safe house unit, a short term so-
lution for the very first hours, to be deployed by the 

sessment of the situation.

affected communities;

Security Research   Restoring security and safety in case of crisis / Response 
S(P)EEDKITS

429

For the different kits, the goal is to (re-)design existing and 

Results

novel emergency response kits using the Matryoshka doll 

principle; this nesting principle will inspire the packaging op-

The expected outcomes are novel emergency kits that 

timization of smaller robust packages in large ones, allowing 

are modular and adaptable, low-cost, and high-tech in 

splitting up according to the transportation means available. 

their conceptions yet low-tech in their use. The planned 

kits have the potential to improve the lives of millions 

Three different levels of packaging are anticipated within 

of people during the first hours, days and weeks after 

S(P)EEDKITS : container-level, pallet-level and bag-level 

a major disaster.

based as much as possible on the use of flexible textile 

materials.

We aim mostly at the bag-level, i.e. solutions for where 

more conventional transport means fail.

PARTNERS 

CENTRE SCIENTIFIQUE & TECHNIQUE DE L’INDUSTRIE TEXTILE BELGE (CTB) 
AIDE INTERNATIONALE DE LA CROIX-ROUGE LUXEMBOURGEOISE ASBL (SRU) 
HET NEDERLANDSE RODE KRUIS (NLRC) 
SIOEN INDUSTRIES NV (SIOEN) 
VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT BRUSSEL (VUB) 
TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT EINDHOVEN (TU/e) 
POLITECNICO DI MILANO (POLIMI) 
De Mobiele Fabriek B.V (DMF) 
STICHTING WASTE (WASTE) 
STICHTING PRACTICA (PRACTICA) 
D’APPOLONIA SPA (DAPP) 
IBBK FACHGRUPPE BIOGAS GMBH (IBBK) 
MILLSON BV (MIL) 
ARTSEN ZONDER GRENZEN (MEDECINS SANS FRONTIERES NEDERLAND) VERENIGING (MSF) 
STIFTELSEN FLYKTNINGERADET (NRC) 

COUNTRY

Belgium
Luxembourg
The Netherlands
Belgium
Belgium
The Netherlands
Italy
The Netherlands
The Netherlands
The Netherlands
Italy
Germany
The Netherlands
The Netherlands
Norway

430

BEAT / Biometrics Evaluation and Testing

o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
S

i

-

o
e
k
w
e
y
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

284989

Total Cost  

€ 4,738,788.40

EU Contribution  

€ 3,499,784

Starting Date  

01/03/2012

Duration  

48 months

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

The lack of standard operational evaluations is the 

reason that we cannot measure the reliability of these 

The goal of BEAT is to propose a framework of standard 

biometric technologies. Some initiatives exist in Europe, 

operational evaluations for biometric technologies.

the United States of America, and Asia. However, these 

initiatives are : isolated (focusing only on one or two 

The BEAT project will provide standardized criteria (and 

biometric modalities), disorganized (teams from the 

metrics) to evaluate biometric systems for both academic 

same institution can work on different biometrics without 

and commercial entities. This standardization is currently 

talking to each other), or limited in time (very few are 

lacking and would likely lead to : an improved commu-

organizing ongoing evaluations). This leads to discontinu-

nication between academic and commercial entities in 

ous and non-integrated efforts which have a limited life 

the field of biometrics by providing a common basis for 

span. Thus the BEAT project will establish a framework 

IDIAP RESEARCH  

comparison, and an improvement in the state-of-the-art 

to evaluate, in a systematic way, the performance of 

INSTITUTE

for biometric systems by providing a fair and centralized 

biometric technologies using several metrics and criteria 

RUE MARCONI 19 

method to evaluate systems.

(performance, vulnerability, privacy).

592

1920 Martigny, Switzerland

The standardization would include methods to evaluate : 

The goal of BEAT will be achieved by (1) developing an 

Contact

1) the performance (accuracy) of a biometric system, 2) 

online and open platform to transparently and indepen-

Sebastien Marcel

the vulnerability of a biometric system to direct attacks 

dently evaluate biometric systems against validated 

Tel  : +41 27 721 7727

(spoofing) or indirect attacks (hill-climbing attacks), and 

benchmarks, (2) designing protocols and tools for vul-

Fax  : +41 27 721 7712

3) the performance of privacy preservation techniques.

nerability analysis, and (3) developing standardization 

E-mail  : marcel@idiap.ch

Website  :  

https ://www.beat-eu.org

documents for Common Criteria evaluations.

Description of the work

Identity management using Biometrics is a reality be-

the issues of both privacy data protection and Intellectual 

cause of the e-passport (Biometric passport). Similar 

Property and so ensure that the BEAT framework can 

biometric technology has also become more prevalent 

be used by the research community and companies.

Additionally, legal aspects will be considered to address 

on personal computers with more biometric-enabled 

functions, and soon applications to recognize nomadic 

users through biometrics will also emerge as mobile de-

vices are equipped with more sensors. Unfortunately the 

reliability of these biometric technologies is not always 

known and therefore can not be guaranteed. In particular 

the three criteria of (1) the performance of the underlying 

biometric system, (2) the robustness regarding vulner-

abilities such as direct (spoofing) or indirect attacks, and 

(3) the strength of privacy preservation techniques, are 

often unknown or impossible to compare to competitors.

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / Information Management 
 
 
 
BEAT

431

Results 

There will be three outcomes of this project. The first is 

that the reliability of biometric systems will be measur-

able and thus should lead to a meaningful increase in 

performance. The second is that technology transfer from 

research to companies will be much easier as there will 

be an interoperable framework. Finally, decision-makers 

and authorities will be informed about the progress that 

is made in biometrics as the results will have an impact 

on standards. Given these outcomes we expect that 

BEAT will significantly contribute to the development of 

a European Identification Certification System.

PARTNERS 

Idiap Research Institute (IDIAP) 
Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM) 
University of Surrey - CVSSP (UNIS) 
Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne - LASEC (EPFL) 
TURKIYE BILIMSEL VE TEKNOLOJIK ARASTIRMA KURUMU (TUBITAK) 
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - LETI (CEA) 
Morpho (MPH) 
TÜViT (TUVIT) 
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KULeuven) 

COUNTRY

Switzerland
Spain
United Kingdom
Switzerland
Turkey
France
France
Germany
Belgium

432

o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
S

i

-

o
e
k
w
e
y
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

EPISECC / Establish Pan-European Information Space to Enhance 
seCurity of Citziens

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

607078

Total Cost  

€ 5.294.334,85

EU Contribution  

€ 3,764,547.26

Starting Date  

01/06/2014

Duration  

41 months

End Date

31.10.2017

AIT AUSTRIAN  

INSTITUTE OF  

TECHNOLOGY GMBH 

(AIT)

DIGITAL SAFETY  

& SECURITY 

Giefinggasse 4

1210 – Vienna - Austria

Efficient communication and access to critical informa-

EPISECC conducted a systematic analysis of crisis man-

tion is key for public safety and security services during 

agement approaches in the EU, then developed terms for 

emergencies, while cooperation between different rescue 

events, processes, data sets and management tools. The 

teams is essential to saving lives and protecting assets. 

core of the project was the creation of a “common infor-

To improve information and cooperation processes during 

mation space” (CIS), a new information-sharing paradigm. 

crisis and disaster management, EPISECC achieved four 

CIS is based on automated sharing of information be-

main objectives. The project:

tween participating organisations in a machine-readable 

way. Because most entities use different tools, creating 

» Developed a pan-European inventory of past critical 
events/disasters, their consequences, data exchange 

a common platform was essential to enable develop-

ment of the CIS concept. The organisations do not need 

and organisational boundaries

to replace their tools but instead use an “adaptor.” The 

concept was demonstrated in operative environment. 

Finally, legal and ethical requirements were implemented 

in all stages of the project. 

» Analysed existing concepts of interoperability from 
different domains as the basis for the concept of a 

common information space and to identify possible 

new emergency and crisis management models 

» Developed a concept of a common information space, 
including appropriate semantic definitions by taxono-

Contact

mies and/or ontologies

GEORG NEUBAUER 

Tel  : +43 (0) 50 550 2807

Mobile  :  

» Validated the concept of the common information 
space and new emergency and crisis management 

+43 (0) 664 620 77 52

models

Fax  : +43505502813

E-mail  :  

Georg.Neubauer@ait.ac.at

Website  : www.episecc.eu

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / Information Management 
 
 
Results 

» The EPISECC Semantic services which translates terms 
between different countries, languages and organisa-

» A  specific  inventory  of  past  disasters,  creating  a 
knowledge-base for improving the response to future 

tions 

disasters and as a source of information for research 

purposes

» The CIS, representing the main outcome of the project

» Adaptors specific to each organisation that participated 

in the CIS

» The EPISECC Semantic Repository, with common terms 
and concepts relevant to the disaster management 

domain, including mapping between existing semantic 

structures and that of EPISECC

PARTNERS 

AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH (AIT) 
Airbus Defence and Space OY. (ADS OY) 
Airbus DS SAS (ADS SAS) 
University of Split (UNIST) 
Public Safety Communication Europe Forum AISBL (PSCE) 
HITEC Luxembourg S.A. (HITEC) 
Frequentis AG (FRQ) 
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt EV (DLR) 
HW Communications Limited (HWC) 
TETRA MoU Association Ltd (TCCA) 
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven) 
Intelligence for Environment and Security SRL (IES) 
Technische Universität Graz (TUG) 

EPISECC

433

COUNTRY

Austria
Finland
France
Croatia
Belgium
Luxembourg
Austria
Germany
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Belgium
Italy
Austria

434

FORTRESS / Foresight Tools for Responding to cascading effects  
in a crisis

i

n
v
a
S
A
f
o

.

y
s
e
t
r
u
o
c

e
g
a
m

I

©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

The overall aim of FORTRESS was to increase under-

Concepts were developed for the empirical analysis of 

standing of the cascading effects of crises on critical 

cascading effects and inter-sectoral crisis communication 

infrastructure, and to strengthen the capabilities of crisis 

demands. The results were were:

managers and infrastructure providers to identify and 

analyse them. The solution developed focused on im-

» An empirical, well-grounded and scientifically elabo-

proving collaboration and communication between crisis 

rated modelling approach 

managers and infrastructure providers in the prepara-

tion phase.

» A better understanding of problems and demands of 
inter-sectoral and cross-border communication dur-

ing crises

» 

607579

Total Cost  

€4,716,286.60 

EU Contribution  

€ 3,400,665.70 

Starting Date  

01/04/2014

Duration  

36 months

TECHNISCHE  

UNIVERSITÄT BERLIN 

(TUB)

Center for Technology and 

Society

Strasse des 17 Juni 135

10623 – Berlin – Germany

Contact

Silke Hönert

Tel  : +49 30 314 79973

Fax  : +49 30 314 21689

E-mail  : 

silke.hoenert@tu-berlin.de

Website  : fortress-project.eu

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / Information Management 
 
 
 
 
 
FORTRESS

435

Results 

The about work fed into the design and development of 

two tools: The FORTRESS Model Builder and the FOR-

TRESS Incident Evolution Tool. Both were tested with 

end users in the Netherlands, Italy, France and Germany.  

The tools enabled collaborative modelling of interde-

pendencies and the creation of scenarios to model pos-

sible cascading effects. FMB provides the modelling basis 

for scenarios, and FIET offers a range of instruments to 

analyse how a crisis scenario may evolve. 

PARTNERS 

Technische Universität Berlin (TUB) 
Trilateral Research & Consulting LLP (TRI) 
Treelogic, Telemática y Lógica Racional para la Empresa Europea S.L. (TREE) 
Electricité de France S.A. (EDF) 
Dialogik gemeinnützige Gesellschaft für Kommunikations- und Kooperationsforschung mbH (DIA) 
Vienna Centre For Societal Security – VICESSE (VICESSE) 
IRKS Research GmbH (IRKS) 
Ritchey Consulting AB (RCAB) 
University College London (UCL) 
Istituto Superiore sui Sistemi Territoriali per l’Innovazione (SITI) 
GMV Sistemas S.A.U. (GMV) 
Nederlands Insituut Fysieke Veiligheid (IFV) 
Veiligheidsregio Kennemerland (VRK) 
Service Départemental d’Incendie et de Secours des Alpes de Haute-Provence (SDIS 04) 
Berliner Wasserbetriebe (BWB) 

COUNTRY

Germany
United Kingdom
Spain
France
Germany
Austria 
Austria
Sweden
United Kingdom
Italy
Spain
The Netherlands
The Netherlands
France
Germany

436

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

REDIRNET /Emergency Responder Data Interoperability Network

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

significant sums of money to enhance their interoper-

ability. Even if inter-agency cooperation is not required 

607768

Total Cost  

€4,327,171.80 

EU Contribution  

€3,498,968.00  

Starting Date  

01/03/2014

Duration  

30 months

ARDACO, A.S. 

EU department

Polianky 5

Over the recent years the majority of the REDIRNET 

on a frequent basis, enhancing agency interoperability 

consortia have participated in Projects SECRICOM and 

has to be done through cost-effective solutions.

FREESIC, involving partners engaging significantly with 

a wide range of public safety officers across the EU. A 

The project’s work is divided into 7 work packages:

benefit of this engagement has been the recognition that 

in addition to agency interoperability of communications 

» WP 1 – Project management;

a pressing need exists for agency interoperability of ad-

ditional IT systems such as databases, sensor systems 

» WP 2 – Issues and Requirements;

and cameras.

» WP 3 –  Definition of pan-European interoperability 

REDIRNET provides a framework for addressing this need 

framework;

with detailed mapping of user preferences and related 

841 01 – Bratislava – 

legal requirements using innovative technologies. The 

» WP 4 – Implementation of interoperability platform;

Slovakia

Contact

consortium is aware that frequently it is non-technical 

issues that hinder agency interoperability, regardless 

» WP 5 – Integration of end users systems;

Peter Dohanyos    

of the quality of technical solutions. Consequently, user 

Tel  : +421 (2) 3221 2311

engagement across a range of agencies EU-wide will be 

» WP 6 – Acceptance and scenario testing by users;

E-mail  : peter.dohanyos@

ongoing throughout the duration of REDIRNET.

ardaco.com

Website  : www.redirnet.eu 

Description of the work

» WP 7 – Dissemination and exploitation.

The REDIRNET interoperability platform will be built as 

an extension of the FREESIC platform which aimed to 

resolve interoperability issues between first responder 

In recent years, first responder organizations across Eu-

communication systems in the same manner. REDIRNET 

rope have considerably improved their communications 

will inherit the security features of the FREESIC platform 

and IT systems with the deployment of new technologies. 

(i.e., ability to interconnect systems with certain levels 

These include such innovations as unmanned surveillance 

of classification) and develop new features and modules 

and sensor systems that assist preventative actions and 

enabling the interoperability of access to data fields 

enhance responses to major crisis events. 

and streams. 

Nevertheless, a number of recent major incidents have 

Furthermore the previous collection of interoperability 

highlighted the challenges first responders face, most 

issues undertaken by FREESIC will be used as the base-

notably concerning interoperability barriers. These chal-

line of inventory of issues that will be added during the 

lenges are all the more difficult against the current eco-

REDIRNET project.

nomic and financial situation, where agencies are under 

considerable budgetary pressures and cannot invest 

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / Information Management 
Redirnet

437

Results 

nity. Inter-operating agencies will need only to develop 

one gateway (to REDIRNET) leading to a cost effective 

REDIRNET introduces an interoperability system that 

solution; agency technologies will also be developed to 

provides seamless interoperability for participating agen-

facilitate the integration of user systems into REDIRNET. 

cies at a minor investment, but with great flexibility (in 

A content management system is software will allow 

term of settings which data are visible for which partner 

the easy creation and management of webpages by 

agency) via a REDIRNET socio-professional web.

separating the creation of content from the mechanics 

required to present it on the web.

Agencies will be able link up to partner agencies of their 

choice and operational need, while being able at the 

same time to manage the scope of such interoperability. 

To help set up these link-up arrangements REDIRNET 

will be enhanced with semantic web methods by relying 

on the vocabulary and processes of the user commu-

PARTNERS 

Ardaco, a.s. (ADO)  
Britisch Association of Public-Safety Communications Officials (BAPCO) 
Centre d’Excellence en Technologies de l’Information et de la Communication  (CETIC) 
Institut Jožef Stefan (JSI) 
Nextel S.A. (NEXTEL) 
Pramacom Prague spol. s r.o. (PMC) 
Ústav Informatiky,  Slovenská akadémia vied (UISAV) 
Université du Luxembourg (UL)  
Verde, s.r.o. (VERDE) 

COUNTRY

Slovak republic
United Kingdom
Belgium
Slovenia
Spain
Czech Republic
Slovak Republic
Luxembourg
Slovak Republic

438

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SECINCORE /Secure Dynamic Cloud for Information, Communication 
and Resource Interoperability based on Pan-European Disaster Inventory

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

SecInCoRe aimed to enable information sharing by pro-

SecInCoRe’s work was based on a pan-European inven-

viding context-based access to structured and unstruc-

tory of past critical events and disasters and their con-

tured data used for disaster risk management. SecInCoRe 

sequences. The inventory was used to design a secure, 

developed a dynamic and secure cloud based “common 

dynamic cloud-based knowledge and communication 

information space” (CIS) concept that facilitates richly 

system concept. This included the ability to use emer-

informed disaster risk management and cross-border, 

gency information via a pan-European communications 

multi-agency cooperation. 

infrastructure. All results were validated and evaluated 

in representative fields of application. .

607832

Total Cost  

€4,275,105.70  

EU Contribution  

€3,124,666.11   

Starting Date  

01/05/2014

Duration  

36 months

UNIVERSITAET  

PADERBORN (UPB)

Computer Application and 

Integration in Design and 

Planning (C.I.K.)

Pohlweg 47-49

33098 Paderborn, Germany

Contact

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rainer Koch       

Tel  : +49 5251 60 2257

Fax : +49 5251 60-3206

E-mail  :  

r.koch@cik.upb.de

Website  : www.secincore.eu 

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / Information ManagementResults 

» Semantic search bridges between different frames of 
meaning which create richer information retrieval, us-

SecInCoRe’s CIS brought together an array of methods, 

ing an ontology-driven search functionality (see http://

tools and agreements that embrace:

www.secincore.eu/search)

» The enabling of information sharing and collaboration 

between and within organisations

» Guidance on ethical, legal, and social principles regard-
ing information-sharing technology for disaster risk 

management (see www.isITethical.eu).

» A network-enabled communication concept that allows 
seamless, role-based access to the CIS, and facilitates 

mobile work and meetings in physical, common infor-

mation spaces 

» SecInCoRe’s knowledge base and inventory of data-
bases that interlink content based on a semantic model

PARTNERS 

Universitaet Paderborn (UPB) 
Technische Universitaet Dortmund (TUDO) 
Lancaster University (ULANC) 
T6 Ecosystems SRL (T6 ECO) 
Airbus Defence & Space (ADS) 
CloudSigma AG (CS) 
BAPCO LBG (BAPCO) 
Center for Security Studies (KEMEA) 

SecInCoRe

439

COUNTRY

Germany
Germany
United Kingdom
Italy
France
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Greece

440

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SECTOR /Secure common information space for the interoperability of 
first responders

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

607821

Total Cost  

€ 4,578,769.20 

EU Contribution  

€ 3,156,201.75 

Starting Date  

01/07/2014

Duration  

36 months

SECTOR’s  goal  was  to  improve  crisis  management 

SECTOR implemented its CIS by the following steps: 

schemes  in  multi-actor/cross-border  emergency  re-

sponses, by creating the foundations of future common 

CCM information spaces (CIS). SECTOR’s CIS addresses 

» Identification and analysis of a dataset of past criti-
cal events, and of the information systems and their 

the following key functionalities: 

integration within crisis management processes, while 

» Providing reliable information about the means already 

available to resolve the crisis 

identifying end users’ needs

» Definition of a CCM scenario and European Meta-Model, 
aimed at overcoming difficulties deriving from multi-

E-GEOS S.P.A

» Ensuring communication interoperability in terms of 

agency coordination

Product Management and 

information/data exchange 

Innovation

965, via Tiburtina

00156 Roma, Italy

Contact

Elena Francioni

Tel  : +39 0640793359

Fax : +39 06 40999726

E-mail  :  

elena.francioni@e-geos.it

Website  : www.fp7-sector.eu 

» Allowing the coordination of the activities in the crisis 

» Develop a prototype CIS architecture and software 
system by adapting and integrating existing tools 

resolution

from partners 

» Testing of the prototype “Project End-Users” by install-

ing the CIS at end users’ premises 

» Demonstration of the CIS in a selected scenario, ap-
plying a collaborative process within the SECTOR CIS, 

with the collaboration of end users 

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / Information ManagementResults 

» Support for fast and easy data sharing among re-

sponder organisations

SECTOR addressed the importance of IT-supported stra-

tegic and tactical collaboration and coordination in crisis 

management by defining interoperability. It delivered:

» Support for the exchange of information among IT 

systems involved in crisis management

» Support for the collaborative crisis response by safety 

partners using CIS

» Enhanced coordination between all actors involved in 
crisis management by supporting specific tasks and 

activities

PARTNERS 

e-GEOS SPA (EGEOS)  
UNIVERSITAT POLITECNICA DE VALENCIA 
ASELSAN Elektronik Sanayi ve Ticaret A.S. 
TOTALFORSVARETS FORSKNINGSINSTITUT 
ITTI SP ZOO 
CONSORZIO INTERUNIVERSITARIO NAZIONALE PER L’INFORMATICA 
SAADIAN TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED 
Leonardo SPA (LDO) 
UNIVERSITAET STUTTGART 
THALES SA 
Police Service of Northern Ireland 
WYZSZA SZKOLA POLICJI W SZCZYTNIE 
HEALTH SERVICE EXECUTIVE HSE 
InterAgency Emergency Management Office (IAEMO) 
Szkola Glowna Sluzby Pozarniczej 
STICHTING STUDIO VEILIGHEID 
EBERHARD KARLS UNIVERSITAET TUEBINGEN 

SECTOR

441

COUNTRY

IT
Spain
Turkey
FOI
Poland
Italy
Ireland
IT
Germany
France
Poland
Poland
Irish
IE
Poland
The Netherlands
Germany

442

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SIIP /Speaker Identification Integrated Project

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

607784

Total Cost  

€15,126,658.60 

EU Contribution  

€10,529,211.00   

Starting Date  

01/05/2014

Duration  

48 months

SIIP’s objective is to enable LEAs to overcome two main 

SSIIP will develop a break-through suspect identification 

challenges they face today:

solution based on a novel speaker identification (SID) 

engine and a global info-sharing mechanism (GISM) to 

1.  The “evasion” problem – i.e., the use of hidden, fake 
and arbitrary identities by terrorists and other crimi-

identify unknown speakers captured in lawfully inter-

cepted calls, during recorded crimes or terrorist arenas 

nals across telecommunications and internet media 

and via any other type of speech medium or channel 

to avoid their lawful interception, identification and 

(including social media).

tracking by LEAs. Such techniques include, amongst 

VERINT SYSTEMS LTD. 

ternet VoIP applications (e.g.  Skype, Viber), the use 

analytic algorithms regarding voice-print recognition, 

others, the use of arbitrary nicknames in various In-

SIIP’s advanced SID engine will fuse multiple speech 

of facemasks in social media (e.g. YouTube) and the 

gender identification, age detection, language & accent 

frequent altering of SIM cards in cell phones. 

identification, keyword & taxonomy spotting and voice 

cloning detection.

2.  The second challenge is the difficulty of identifying 
unknown participants during a lawfully intercepted 

call of a known speaker.

(VRNT)

Management

33 Maskit Street

4673333 – Herzliya - Israel

Contact

Gideon Hazzani       

Tel  : +972 9 962 2596

Mobile : +972 54 778 2596

E-mail  :  

gideon.hazzani@verint.com

Website  : www.verint.com

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / Information ManagementSIIP

443

Results 

This fusion will result in highly reliable and confident 

detection that keeps false positives & false negatives 

to a minimum while improving the judicial admissibility 

of the speaker identification technology.

PARTNERS 

Verint Systems Ltd. (VRNT) 
Sail Labs Technology AG (SAIL) 
Fondation de L’institut de Recherche (IDIAP) 
Singularlogic Anonymi Etairia Pliroforiakon  Sistimaton Kai Efarmogon Pliroforikis (SING) 
Green Fusion Limited (DFI) 
Synthema S.R.L. (SNTMA) 
OK2GO Cellular Solutions Ltd. (OK2GO) 
Nuance (NUAN) 
Inov Inesc Inovacao - Instituto de Novas Tecnologias (INOV) 
International Biometric Group (uk) Limited (IBG) 
Airbus DS SAS (ADS) 
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen (RUG) 
The University of Warwick (WARWICK) 
Laboratorio di Scienze Della Cittadinanza (LSC) 
The International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL) 
Ministério da Justiça (PJ) 
Ministero della Difesa (RACIS) 
Metropolitan Police Service (MPS) 
Bundeskriminalamt (BKA) 

COUNTRY

Israel
Austria
Switzerland
Greece
Ireland
Italy
Israel
Italy
Portugal
United Kingdom
France
The Netherlands
United Kingdom
Italy
France
Portugal
Italy
United Kingdom
Germany

444

ADVISE / Advanced Video Surveillance archives search Engine for 
security applications

E
A
C
O
C
©

y
t
i
r
u
c
e
S
&
e
c
n
e
f
e
D
-

p
u
o
r
G
C
V
A
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

285024

Total Cost  

€ 4,237,304.80 

EU Contribution  

€ 2,989,761.60 

Starting Date  

01/03/2012

Duration  

36 months

» Video Analysis & Recognition to design, develop and 
validate novel, beyond SoTA, video analysis and recog-

ADVISE aims to design and develop a unification frame-

nition algorithms that will offer semantic search and 

work for surveillance-footage archive systems, in an effort 

analysis capabilities for various patterns (e.g. events, 

to deal with the increasingly critical need to provide auto-

persons, cars, objects);

mated and smart surveillance solutions. This need arises 

due to the continuous growth of surveillance systems 

in scale, heterogeneity and utility. There are two major 

» Geo-registration assisted video archives analysis to 
support efficient time and camera indexing, thus em-

obstacles : the variety of the technical components of the 

powering the tracing back of an object/person in time 

surveillance systems, producing video repositories with 

and in localisation, from surveillance system to surveil-

different compression formats, indexing systems, data 

lance system (and the corresponding video archives);

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

ENGINEERING -  

INGEGNERIA  

storage formats and sources, and the fact that such a 

system should take into careful consideration the legal, 

INFORMATICA S.P.A.

ethical and privacy rules that govern surveillance and the 

» Interoperability and Scalability to design and develop 
an open and extensible framework that will offer search 

R&D Laboratory

produced content. Towards both, ADVISE has been formed 

capabilities for various patterns (e.g. objects, persons, 

Via Riccardo Morandi, 32

by experts on both technological and legal, ethical and 

events), into various video archives, independently from 

00148 – Rome - Italy

privacy aspects, with valuable experiences in the security 

their different technological standards and ethical/

Contact

field. For this purpose, the consortium includes some major 

privacy and legacy issues, focusing on improving the 

Carmela Occhipinti

European security agencies, though it will collaborate with 

interoperability between infrastructure operators and 

Tel  : +39 06 83074971

plenty of others through its Advisory Boards.

between law enforcement agencies. The interoperabil-

Mobile  : +39 335 1328411

Fax  : +39 06 83074200 

(Please, write “For the 

Description of the work

ity will cover the technical layer (aiming to solve the 

problems related to different formats of video archives 

and the communication format) and the semantic one 

attention of Carmela 

ADVISE will analyse and geo-register surveillance video ar-

(aiming to improve the search with an understanding 

Occhipinti”)

E-mail  :  

chives of different agencies, and extract statistical patterns 

of what happens in the footage, what is being looked 

of activity and search (context-based and content-based) 

for and who can access the information).

carmela.occhipinti@eng.it

for specific events, people and objects through ontologies 

Website  : www.eng.it

and semantic representations. In effect, the ADVISE system 

Results 

will enable interoperability beyond the boundaries defined 

by different compression formats, indexing systems, data 

The ADVISE project aimed for a decentralised video 

storage formats and access systems, offering valuable 

archive-searching solution to meet the challenges cre-

insights and help during investigations of law enforce-

ated by the relentless growth of surveillance systems 

ment authorities. In order to realise this aim, the following 

regarding their scale, heterogeneity and capabilities. 

concrete goals have been identified :

During its three years, ADVISE designed and developed an 

» Legal and ethical exchange of data to offer secure 
and legally/ethically compliant inter-organisation com-

munication;

extensible framework which, after resolving the relevant 

legal, ethical and privacy constraints, is able to help law 

enforcement authorities fight crime and terrorism via 

evidence-mining of multiple and heterogeneous video 

archives. 

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / InteroperabilityCoordinatorInformation 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ADVISE

445

The ADVISE system analyses and geo-registers surveil-

video archives. This will boost the efficacy of crime-

lance video archives from different repositories, extracts 

solving. Finally, from an economic standpoint, ADVISE’s 

statistical patterns of activity and searches (either con-

main impact was to strengthen the competitiveness of 

text- or content-based) for specific events, people and 

European industry in surveillance systems by providing 

objects through ontologies and semantic representations. 

high-quality software for the post-processing of recorded 

It enables interoperability beyond the boundaries defined 

video archives. This will generate positive knock-on ef-

by different compression formats, indexing systems, data 

fects for multimedia search engines.

storage formats and access systems, thus offering in-

sights and help during law enforcement investigations.

ADVISE pushed forward event-based video analysis 

by integrating multiple technologies and consolidating 

semantic representation. Its societal impact will be to 

increase crime detection by offering a single query point 

for the investigation of incidents, along with parallel, 

dedicated analysis of distributed and heterogeneous 

PARTNERS 

ENGINEERING - INGEGNERIA INFORMATICA SPA (ENG) 
SEMANTIX TECHNOLOGIES PLIROFORIKIS TILEPIKOINONION ANONYMOS ETAIREIA (SEM) 
CENTRE FOR RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY HELLAS/INFORMATICS & TELEMATICS INSTITUTE (CERTH/ITI) 
QUEEN MARY AND WESTFIELD COLLEGE, UNIVERSITY OF LONDON (QMUL) 
SINGULARLOGIC ANONYMOS ETAIRIA PLIROFORIAKON SYSTIMATON & EFARMOGON PLIROFORIKIS (SL) 
VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT BRUSSEL (IES/VUB) 
INGENIERA DE SISTEMAS PARA LA DEFENSA DE ESPANA SA-ISDEFE (ISDEFE) 
ALMAVIVA - THE ITALIAN INNOVATION COMPANY SPA (Almaviva) 
INNOVATION ENGINEERING SRL (INNEN) 
AYUNTAMIENTO DE MADRID (ADM) 

COUNTRY

Italy
Greece
Greece
United Kingdom
Greece
Belgium
Spain
Italy
Italy
Spain

446

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i
i

r
r
o
o
t
t
a
a
n
n
d
d
r
r
o
o
o
o
C
C

C2-SENSE / Interoperability Profiles for Command/Control Systems 
and Sensor Systems in Emergency Management

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

607729

Total Cost  

€ 4,363,641 

EU Contribution  

€2,885,416 

Starting Date  

31/03/2017

Duration  

36 months

SAGEM DEFENSE  

SECURITE (SAGEM)

Direction R&T

Effective management of emergencies depends on timely 

AThe work towards the definition and implementation of 

information availability, reliability and intelligibility. To 

the profiles is organized in three steps: 

achieve  this,  different  Command  and  Control  (C2) 

Systems and Sensor Systems have to cooperate, which 

is only possible through interoperability. However, unless 

» First, an “emergency domain inventory” will be created 
by surveying existing standards, real life use cases 

standards  and  well-defined  specifications  are  used, 

of  sensors,  devices,  C2  systems  and  emergency 

interoperability can be very complex. 

management architectures for different scenarios in 

C2-SENSE uses a “profiling” approach to achieve seamless 

interoperability  by  addressing  all  the  layers  of  the 

communication stack in the security field. 

the security field. 

» Then, based on this inventory, a common emergency 
domain  ontology  will  be  developed  to  gather  all 

stakeholders’ knowledge in a unique and flexible data 

Arcs de Seine, 18/20 Quai 

The project’s main objective is to develop a profile based 

model. 

du Point du Jour

Emergency Interoperability Framework by using existing 

92100  

standards and semantically enriched Web services to 

Boulogne-Billancourt, 

expose the functionalities of C2 systems, sensor systems 

» Finally, by using the concepts in this ontology, and by 
taking into account both the functional and operational 

France

Contact

Banu Maria  

and other emergency/crisis management systems.

requirements, as well as different countries’ cultural, 

linguistic and legal issues, “emergency interoperability 

C2-SENSE  will  develop  a  testing  and  a  certification 

profiles” that will constitute the framework will be 

Tel  : +33 1 58 11 67 78

methodology allowing for the assessment of networked 

developed.

Mobile  : +33 6 18 12 93 94

C2 and sensors systems for compliance with the profiles. 

E-mail  :  

The methodologies and framework will be made publicly 

In parallel with the framework definition work stream, 

maria.banu@sagem.com

available.

Website  : www.c2-sense.eu

the pilot mapped on the requirements of the Apulia Civil 

Protection Service will be designed and implemented to 

serve as a validation model and demonstration of the 

concepts.

The necessary standardization activities will be initiated 

to  evolve  the  C2-SENSE  “Emergency  Interoperability 

Framework” into a standard specification for interoperability 

between sensor systems and C2 systems.

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / InteroperabilityC2-SENSE

447

Results 

» Increased robustness for sensors network management 
(sensors discovery mechanism, sensors allocation and 

» Semantic mediation mechanisms able to: harmonize 
information conforming to different but overlapping 

life-cycle management).

emergency  standards;  and  automate  many 

» A trusted communication infrastructure model creating 
interconnectivity between different networks including 

» A service level agreements framework to be adopted 

TETRA, WiMAX, GSM and WiFi.

for deployed procedures and operations.

implementation processes.

» Re-usable Web services for the emergency domain 
(assets and resources management, situation awareness, 

operations planning) based on standard data models. 

» A definition of overall interoperability requirements 

and a methodology to certify compliance.

PARTNERS 

SAGEM DEFENSE SECURITE (SAGEM) 
LUTECH SPA (LUTECH) 
Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH (AIT) 
Software Research, Development and Consultancy Limited (SRDC) 
REGIONE PUGLIA (REGIONE PUGLIA) 
INNOVA PUGLIA SPA (IP) 
PRZEMYSLOWY INSTYTUT AUTOMATYKI I POMIAROW (PIAP) 
Regola srl (Regola) 

COUNTRY

France
Italy
Austria
Turkey
Italy
Italy
Poland
Italy

 
 
DISASTER / Data Interoperability Solution At Stakeholders 
Emergency Reaction

E
A
C
O
C
©

448

c
o
t
s
e
D
s
i
o
c
n
a
r
F

-

E
M
M
A
R
G
E
L
E
T

E
L

-

R
Q
P
O
T
O
H
P
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

285069

Total Cost  

€ 3,573,156

EU Contribution  

€ 2,783,970

Starting Date  

01/02/2012

End Date  

31/01/2015 

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

TREELOGIC TELEMÁTICA 

Y LÓGICA RACIONAL 

PARA LA EMPRESA  

EUROPEA S.L.

R&D

Parque Tecnológico de 

Asturias, parcela 30

E33428 Llanera, Asturias, 

Spain.

Contact

» Designing a reference architecture to solve interop-
erability problems in data exchange in SOA-based 

in overcoming distance issues, and allowing decentralized 

decision-making  when  necessary  and  appropriate. 

Emergency Management Systems (EMS), addressing 

However, EMSs have still not solved problems related 

interdisciplinary environments at a European level;

to cultural, legal and linguistic differences which are the 

» Designing and developing an integrative and modular 
interoperable data model. This objective may be split 

into two sub-objectives :

greatest cause of slow decision-making. In addition, from 

a technical perspective, the consolidation of current EMSs 

and the limitations of their exchanged data formats offer 

significant problems to be solved in any solution proposing 

information interoperability and understanding between 

• The core framework data model, common to every 
stakeholder involved in emergency management; 

heterogeneous Emergency Management Systems located in 

different countries, and operating within different contexts. 

• Complementary transversal (spatial and temporal) 

To overcome this complicated situation, a two step solution 

& vertical (domain-specific) modules.

was proposed : (i) As the main objective and foundation of 

» Designing and developing mediation techniques, a set 
of bridges, enabling a transparent integration of the 

modular ontology shared by all the stakeholders was pro-

posed to offer the best solution to gather all stakeholders’ 

data model within already-existing SOA-based EMSs;

knowledge in a unique and flexible data model, taking into 

the DISASTER project, the development of a common and 

account different countries’ cultural, linguistic and legal 

Marcos Sacristán Cepeda

Tel  : +34 985 966 136

» Developing and executing a validation pilot phase in  
an actual environment, based on a representative scenar-

issues; (ii) Then, taking advantage of the fact that most 

legacy Emergency Management Systems were based on 

Mobile  : +34 663 246 699

io, in order to get feedback from end-users, and evaluating 

Service-Oriented-Architectures (SOA), i.e. those systems 

Fax  : +34 985964190

the project’s outcomes and their benefits to the European 

compiled information from distributed and specialized 

E-mail  : marcos.sacristan@

multicultural domain related to emergency management.

systems (e.g. Geographic Information Systems). The inter-

treelogic.com 

Website : www.treelogic.com

Description of the work

operability information burden were addressed by means 

of transparent SOA mediation algorithms compliant with 

current data formats and existing solutions. 

Emergency management and information exchange 

become  more  challenging  in  an  international  crisis 

Taking into account the heterogeneity and diversity of 

episode  because  of  cultural,  linguistic  and  legal 

all existing scenarios in crisis episodes, potential results 

differences between all stakeholders, especially first 

of the ontology-based interoperability solution proposed 

responders. Misunderstandings between first responders 

have been validated through the design and development 

slow down decision-making and make it more difficult. 

of a realistic prototype scenario, which actively involved 

The recent spread and development of networks and 

both emergency managers and emergency first respond-

Emergency Management Systems (EMS) has facilitated 

ers from organisations with significant experience in 

communication and improved emergency responses, 

developing capability in technologies and organisational 

allowing them to become more coordinated and successful  

structures towards increased interoperability.

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / InteroperabilityCoordinatorInformation 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DISASTER

449

Results 

Two field trials involving a fire across the German-Dutch 

border and a plane crash successfully tested the solu-

Emergencies span borders. While new emergency man-

tions, highlighting an effective interface of legacy EMSs 

agement systems (EMSs) may improve communications 

between neighbouring countries, each of which updates 

and coordination, they do not address cultural, linguistic 

the other side in culturally appropriate ways, allowing 

and legal differences given in an international context. 

more coordinated crisis response.

Such factors may hinder emergency response.

The DISASTER project (http://www.disaster-fp7.eu/) devel-

erability between EMSs and how new ways of information 

oped a “bridge” system consisting of two components: a 

delivery and sharing can impact existing operational 

common and modular mapping ontology called EMERGEL 

procedures, improving communication between first 

that considers various cultural, semantic and linguistic 

responders during major crises.

DISASTER demonstrated the importance of data interop-

issues, and a transparent service-oriented architecture 

providing mediation algorithms that conform to existing 

data formats and solutions. 

PARTNERS 

Treelogic Telemática y Lógica Racional para la Empresa Europea S.L. (TREE) 
Fachhochschule Köln (CUAS) 
Fundación CTIC Centro Tecnológico para el desarrollo en Asturias de las Tecnologías de la Información (CTIC) 
Dansk Brand-Og Sikringsteknisk Institut Forening (DBI) 
Aimtech Consulting Limited (AIM) 
Veiligheidsregio Kennemerland (VRK) 
Antworting Ingenieurburo Weber Schutte Kaser partnerschaft (ANT) 

COUNTRY

Spain
Germany
Spain
Denmark
United Kingdom
The Netherlands
Germany

450

ESENet / Emergency Services Europe Network

k
c
o
t
s
r
e
t
t
u
h
S
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

313013

Total Cost  

€ 704,845.20

EU Contribution  

€ 629,266.98

Starting Date  

01/01/2013

End Date  

31/12/2014

The ESENet initiative aimed at establishing a network 

The project planned to organise a total of 8 web-meet-

of stakeholders in the Emergency Management domain 

ings and 4 workshops during the term of the project. 

that identified, discussed and agreed on communication 

Experts  from  emergency  service  authorities,  public 

needs, requirements, new technologies and best practices 

safety representatives and commercial organisations 

in responding to everyday, as well as, major emergencies.

were invited to attend and contribute to working docu-

ments prepared by the project partners on several topics, 

The project aimed to achieve the following via public 

including interoperability at all levels (from the techni-

reports:

cal level to the organisational level) and in all types of 

safety and security missions (daily/ordinary and/or large 

scale missions as well as local or cross-border missions).

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

INTELLIGENCE FOR 

ENVIRONMENT AND 

» The identification of gaps in the emergency service 
provision chain and the collection of user requirements; 

SECURITY – IES SOLU-

the results of such activity were a living document that 

The communication requirements covered by ESENet 

TIONS (IES)

Via Monte Senario, 98

00141 Roma, 

Italy

Contact

Uberto DELPRATO

Tel  : +39 06 8184832

Mobile  : +31 346 6367499

was made available to all stakeholders;

range from “Citizens to authorities”, “Authorities to au-

thorities” and “Authorities to citizens”.

» The selection of available and/or promising technolo-
gies for tackling the identified challenges and also 

identifying areas where further research is needed; 

» The analysis of organisational gaps, with suggestions 
and best practices at EU level about procedures, frame-

Fax  : +39 06 87459009

work agreements and reorganising suggested tasks; 

E-mail  : u.delprato@ 

the results of such work have been reported in a public 

iessolutions.eu 

Website : 

www.iessolutions.eu

deliverable in the form of a roadmap to improve the 

Emergency Services throughout Europe;

» The identification of available standards, gaps in exist-
ing standards or areas where standards will be needed 

in the future.

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / InteroperabilityCoordinatorInformation 
 
ESENet

451

Results 

Over a period of two years ESENet’s network of 65 

experts plus its nine webinars and four workshop iden-

tified 180 items for tackling the interoperability needs 

emerging from the Society.

The coverage of the communication phases during an 

emergency (from citizens to authorities, between authori-

ties and from authorities to citizens) led to recommenda-

tions offered to the European Commission, the Member 

» Basic caller access and information
» Management of trans-national emergency calls 
» Interaction in case of an emergency
» Mission Critical Communication
» Moving forward to NG112
» Harmonisation of public warning systems
» Data exchange between Emergency Services
» Cross-border cooperation during emergencies
» Business continuity and contingency management 
» Improved call management

States and the Emergency Services about actions in 

A final public report was produced, published and dis-

the areas of legal provisions, standardisation, further 

tributed.

research, implementation and monitoring.

The collected recommendations were organised in the 

“Emergency services Staff Network” (ESSN), set up and 

following “Top Stories”:

supported by EENA.

The network of experts is continuing its work within the 

PARTNERS 

Intelligence for Environment and Security – IES Solutions (IES) 
European Emergency Number Association (EENA) 
Erupsi (ERUPSI) 

COUNTRY

Italy
Belgium
Slovakia

452

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

EUCISE2020 / EUropean test bed for the maritime Common 
Information Sharing Environment in the 2020 perspective.

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

608385

Total Cost  

€ 17,053,927.59

EU Contribution  

€ 13,000,000.00

Starting Date  

01/12/2014

Duration  

31 months

ITALIAN SPACE AGENCY 

(ASI)

Via del Politecnico snc 

00133 Rome, Italy 

Contact

Carolina Matarazzi  

Tel  : +39 06 8567941

Mobile  : +39 3356764154

E-mail  :  

carolina.matarazzi@asi.it

Website :  

www.eucise2020.eu

EUCISE2020 aims to establish an important milestone for 

The project is based on:

implementation of CISE – the EU’s Common Information 

Sharing Environment. 

» the CISE Roadmap developed by DG MARE

CISE supports development of the EU’s “blue economy” 

regarding its maritime governance. It is thus an element 

» results of the European pilot projects BluemassMed 
and MARSUNO, and of the study project “Cooperation”

of the union’s European Digital Agenda and a pillar of 

its action plan, the European Maritime Security Strategy.

» work performed by the CISE TAG-Technical Advisory 

Group

» previous European studies on maritime surveillance

» results of FP7 Security Research projects, in particular 

PERSEUS and SEABILLA

» the needs of innovation expressed by the maritime 
stakeholders based on their operational experience in 

managing maritime surveillance processes and sys-

tems at European, international and national levels

Under guidance of a stakeholder board, EUCISE2020 will 

manage in parallel the elaboration of the action plan 

for the operational validation of new elements of R&D 

needed to develop CISE such as concepts of architecture, 

concepts of operation, standards of data and services, 

and new services  and processes. It will develop an open 

European testbed for incremental advancement of CISE 

in the medium-long term. It will carry out independent 

verification and validation of new R&D elements, and 

assess organisational instruments needed to sustain 

CISE’s governance structure while stimulating public-

private cooperation.

The EUCISE2020 consortium will define the requirements 

of the CISE testbed and launch a European tender to 

develop and demonstrate it.

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / InteroperabilityEUCISE2020 will create significant opportunities for na-

Results 

tional and European maritime institutions to collabo-

ratively innovate their processes and systems, and for 

EUCISE2020 aims to achieve pre-operational informa-

European enterprises to develop a new range of competi-

tion sharing between the maritime authorities of the 

tive solutions and services in the international market. 

involved European nations.

PARTNERS 

Italian Space Agency (ASI) 
Ministero della Difesa (MMI) 
Ministero dell’economia e delle finanze (MEF GDF) 
Italian Ministry of Infrastructures and Transports (MIT GC) 
Ministerio de defensa de Espana (MDE ES) 
Ministerio del Interior (GUCI) 
Ministerio de Fomento (SASEMAR) 
European Union Satellite Centre (EUSC) 
Swedish Coast Guard (SwedCG) 
Ministry of the Interior (MIN INT FBG) 
Liikennevirasto (FTA) 
Liikenteen Turvallisuusvirasto (TRAFI) 
Ministry of Transport, Information Technologies and Communications (BGPORT) 
Samferdselsdepartementet – Ministry of Transport and Communications (MTC) 
Laurea – Ammattikorkeakouli Oy (LAUREA) 
University of Cyprus (OC-UCY) 
Agenzia per la Promozione della Ricerca Europea (APRE) 
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) 
Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici (CMCC) 
Danmarks Meteorologiske Institut (DMI DK) 
Stiftelsen Nansen Senter For Miljoog Fjernmaling (NERSC) 
Agencia Estatal de Administracion Tributaria (AEAT ES) 
Cork Institute of technology (CIT) 
Direcao-Geral de Politica do Mar (DGPM) 
Executive Agency Maritime Administration (MARAD)  
National Center for Scientific Research (DEMOKRITOS) 
Ispectoratul General al Politiei de Frontera (RBP) 
Finnish Navy (FINNAVY) 
Bundesministerium fur Verkehr, Bau und Stadtentwicklung (FGMSSC) 
Ministry of National Defence (HMOD) 
Ministry of Citizens Protection (EL-HCG) 
Mercator Ocean (MERCATOR) 
Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico (MISE) 
Studio Legale Tosato (GLT) 
Department for Transport (DFT) 
Link Campus University (LCU) 
Wise Pens International Limited (WPI) 

EUCISE2020

453

COUNTRY

Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Spain
Spain
Spain
Spain
Sweden
Finland 
Finland 
Finland
Bulgaria
Norway
Finland
Cyprus
Italy
Italy 
Italy
Denmark
Norway
Spain
Ireland
Portugal
Bulgaria
Greece
Romania
Finland
Germany 
Greece 
Greece
France
Italy
Italy
United Kingdom
Italy
United Kingdom

454

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

ISITEP / Inter System Interoperability for Tetra-TetraPol Networks

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

within the project timeframe. Through ISITEP, European 

end users will utilize enhanced terminals in operations 

312484

Total Cost  

€ 15,985,650.87 

EU Contribution  

€ 10,292,495.07 

Starting Date  

01/09/2013

Duration  

36 months

» Develop a future-proof pan-European framework for 
the integration of different Public Protection & Disaster 

abroad  within  an  agreed  framework  of  procedures. 

This will improve cooperation among European PPDR 

Relief (PPDR) national organizations, merging com-

resources for the benefit of all citizens. European stake-

munications technology, operational procedures and 

holders will have an economically sustainable solution 

the legal framework

for sharing national PPDR services. ISITEP’s results will 

be disseminated by a proper plan utilizing the resources 

» Test the provided framework using a number of multia-
gency cooperation scenarios, such as cross-border Po-

of the Consortium, which includes all the manufactur-

ers of national European networks and the main PPDR 

lice hot pursuit, Joint police patrol surveillance opera-

stakeholders. Furthermore, through ISITEP technology, 

LEONARDO COMPANY

tion, joint forces airplane disaster management, and VIP 

the European security industry will have new market 

Piazza Monte Grappa n. 4 - 

protection through cooperation of national police forces

opportunities.

00195 Roma

Contact

Paolo DI MICHELE

Description of the work

Results 

Tel  : +39 06 4150 4850

ISITEP will develop procedures, technology and legal 

ISITEP (Inter System Interoperability for Tetra-TetraPol 

Mobile  : +39 335 7570 556

agreements to achieve a cost effective solution for PPDR 

Networks) pursued enhanced cooperation between police 

Fax  : +39 06 4458 3088

interoperability. 

forces by developing and validating the following:

E-mail  : paolo.dimichele@

leonardocompany.com

Federico Frosali

Tel: +39 055 536 9640

E-mail: federico.frosali@

leonardocompany.com

Website :  

leonardocompany.com

» A mission-oriented framework containing a standard-
ised  model of operational procedures and template 

agreements, together with an associated functional 

radio model needed for public protection and disaster 

relief (PPDR) joint interventions, based on using the 

current Norway-Sweden agreement

» A network solution to integrate European national PPDR 
networks via ETSI TETRA ISI gateways, back-to-back 

radio and gateways among national networks

» A bi-technology TETRAPOL-TETRA terminal proof of 
concept based on TETRA and TETRAPOL radio modems 

connected to an Android smart phone with applications 

ISITEP will demonstrate full radio interface capabilities 

for the migration of data from one platform to another 

for PPDR resources. ISITEP end users will drive require-

ments to guarantee legal, operational and technical 

coherence. In addition, a legal agreement template will 

be proposed for approval between Norway and Sweden 

» Supporting tools to assess business sustainability, 
technology needs and training for interoperability

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / Interoperability 
	  
ISITEP

455

Using the ISITEP framework, PPDR agencies across the 

EU can achieve a cross-national interoperability in the 

short term that leverages existing technologies but is 

also open to emerging technologies in the long term. The 

cooperation agreement implemented between Norway 

and Sweden in November 2016 under the ISITEP pro-

ject represents the first implementation of the ISITEP 

framework and an example for other European countries 

to follow.

PARTNERS 

Selex ES (SES) 
Service Public Federal Interieur (BFP) 
Norwegian Ministry of Justice and Public Safety (DNK) 
Myndigheten for Samhallsskydd och Beredskap (MSB) 
Ministerie van Binnenlandse Zaken en Koninkrjksrelaties (V&J) 
Amper Sistemas S.A. (AMP) 
Cassidian Finland OY (CAS FI) 
Cassidian SAS (CAS FR) 
Motorola Solutions Danmark AS 
Istituto Superiore delle Telecomunicazioni e delle Tecnologie dell’Informazione (ISCOM) 
Net Technologies Etaireia Periorismenis Efthynis (NETTECH) 
Università degli Studi Roma Tre (RM3) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC) 
Devoteam Fringes (DVT) 

COUNTRY

Italy
Belgium
Norway
Sweden
The Netherlands
Spain
Finland
France
Denmark
Italy
Greece
Italy
The Netherlands
Spain
Spain

456

k
c
o
t
s
r
e
t
t
u
h
S
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SALUS / Security And InteroperabiLity in Next Generation PPDR 
CommUnication InfrastructureS

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

» - Contribute towards the development of standards 
for the PPDR marketplace, add valuable patents to the 

313296

Total Cost  

€4,776,925.26 

EU Contribution  

€3,499,829.00  

Starting Date  

01/09/2013

Duration  

36 months

The main goal of SALUS is to design, implement and 

partner’s IPR portfolio, and publish scientific papers.

evaluate a next generation communication network for 

Public Protection and Disaster Relief (PPDR) agencies, 

Description of the work

which will provide security, privacy, seamless mobility, 

quality of service and reliability support for mission-

The work is structured in 8 complementary work pack-

critical Professional Mobile Radio (PMR) voice and broad-

ages:

band data services. These objectives can be divided in 

three categories.

» - Management and RTD Coordination

INSTITUTO DE  

Social – economic:

TELECOMUNICAÇÕES 

» - Use Cases Definition and PPDR Requirements

(IT)

Aveiro

» - Develop use cases for next generation PPDR networks. 

» - Enterprise Architecture Analysis and Specification

Campus Universitário de 

» - Gather statistics from PPDR organisations within the 

» - Economic and Business Case Analysis

Santiago

3810-193

Portugal

Contact

Jonathan Rodriguez

Tel  : +351 234 377 900

EU Member States.

» - Perform economic and business analysis.

» - Address the spectrum requirements.

Fax  : +351 234 377 900

Scientific/Technology:

E-mail  : 

» - PPDR Security and Privacy

» - PMR Services on PPDR Broadband Networks

» - System Integration, Use Cases Demonstration and 

Evaluation of Broadband PPDR Platform

jonathan@av.it.pt  

» - Design security mechanisms for end-to-end security 

» - Exploitation Roadmap, Dissemination and Stand-

Website : www.sec-salus.eu

and privacy.

ardisation

» - Design solutions for seamless mobility, quality of 

Results 

Service and resilience.

» - Develop functional and technical specifications for 

Enterprise Architecture defined in OSSAF (Open Safety 

Develop a SALUS Architecture based on the concept of 

future PPDR networks.

» - Porting and enhancing TETRA and TETRAPOL (PMR) 
voice and data services to future PPDR networks.

Impact: 

» - Demonstration of the SALUS PPDR platform.

& Security Architecture Framework) that can be applied 

in the development of future PPDR broadband networks.

Provide a business analysis of next generation PPDR 

communication networks and provide roadmaps for the 

future evolution of PPDR systems.

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / Interoperability 
SALUS

457

Achieve interoperability between narrowband PMR sys-

Class Identifier parameters adapted to the PPDR ap-

tems (TETRA, TETRAPOL) and future candidate broadband 

plications and operational scenarios.

technology (LTE).

Develop a Security Architecture capable of dealing with 

threats across multiple and heterogeneous technologies 

(TETRA, TETRAPOL, LTE, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth).

Enhance existing electromagnetic (EM) models to enable 

reliable simulations of EM radiation and propagation of 

EM waves, especially important in critical situations (e.g. 

when the signals are weak) where physical layer privacy 

and security can be put at risk.

Enhance quality of service solutions for future broadband 

PPDR networks by defining specific quality of service 

PARTNERS 

European Commission (EC) 
Instituto de Telecomunicacoes (IT) 
Airbus DS SAS (ADS) 
Cassidian SAS (CAS) 
Rohill Technologies BV (ROH) 
Airwave Solutions Ltd (AW) 
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung E.V (FhG) 
One Source Consultoria Informatica Lda (ONE) 
Univerza v Ljubljani (UL) 
Universiteit Twente (UTWENTE) 
Kingston University Higher Education Corporation (KU) 
University of Patras (UPAT) 
Ubitel CO Ltd (UBITEL) 
Elektrotehnicki Fakultet Univerzitet u Beogradu (UB) 
Public Safety Communication Europe Forum AISBL (PSCE) 
Alcatel-Lucent International SAS (ALU-I) 
Pelastusopisto, Emergency Services College (ESC) 
Figo BV (FIGO) 

COUNTRY

Belgium
Portugal
France
France
Netherlands
United Kingdom
Germany
Portugal
Slovenia
The Netherlands
United Kingdom
Greece
Russian Federation
Serbia
Belgium
France
Finland
Netherlands

458

SAVASA / Standards Based Approach to Video Archive Search  
and Analysis 

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

v
o
r
a
h
k
a
Z

e
k
i
M
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

IKUSI

R&D

Contact

Gorka Peréz

Grant Agreement N°  

285621

Total Cost  

€ 4,061,085 

EU Contribution  

€ 3,166,266.58 

Starting Date  

01/12/2011

End Date  

31/12/2014

Project objectives
The SAVASA project proposes the creation of a video archive 

gies to open standards;

» Propose best practices and procedural approaches in the 

search platform that allows authorised users to perform se-

absence of defined standards;

mantic queries over different, remote and non-interoperable 

» Participation in standards bodies relevant to the results 

video archives. This project will exploit the current trends in 

of the project;

computer vision, video retrieval and semantic video analysis. 

» Leverage existing Open and International Standards, and 

It is also a goal of the project to ensure that its results 

open source initiatives.

are capable of deployment in distributed systems and as 

software services.

However, technology for technology’s sake is of little value. 

User focused applied research :
» Focus on the real user needs, such as operators and law 
enforcement agencies that make intensive use of video 

Therefore the involvement of ethicist, legal experts and,  

archives;

ANGEL IGLESIAS S.A. - 

those users who must operate Video Archive installations 

and services to meet the needs of law enforcement agencies 

» The introduction of high level and rich information to video 
sources to boost data mining from video archives, as well 

and judicial authorities, as well as those of civil protec-

as keeping protected privacy data through the application.

Paseo Miramon

tion and day-to-day organisational needs, is required. The 

20009, San Sebastian

SAVASA consortium covers each of these roles.

At its core, SAVASA will use existing reference technologies 

Ethical and privacy protection :
» Address issues that video surveillance inevitably implies; 
ethically sensitive issues related to personal data beyond 

from the ICT field that have overcome the barrier of sys-

what is established by law;

Tel  : +34 943 44 88 00

tem interoperability/compatibility, i.e. between container and 

Mobile : +34 650 15 69 56

compression formats. The project will implement a prototype 

» Operational restrictions controlled by rules on conducting 
situational assessments to ensure that required control 

Fax  : +34 943 44 88 20

platform capable of demonstrating unified archive integra-

levels are reached.

E-mail  :  

tion and an approach to common search and indexing. The 

gorka.perez@ikusi.com

project will also provide a set of tailored video analytics and 

Website : http ://www.ikusi.com/

semantic analysis tools that will provide added value to end-

Video analytics :
» Application of the latest trends in object detection and 
tracking, based on probabilistic inference and models, to 

users, but which can also function within a legal and ethical 

enhance robustness and accuracy of elements of interest 

framework. The project will provide an analysis of existing 

descriptions within videos;

technical barriers/requirements in the standardisation of 

» Use of signal encryption and cryptographic methods to 

technologies and procedures, via the validation testing of 

protect private elements of the video; 

a prototype platform with end users. 

» Exploitation of visual features to identify object properties 

in order to enrich the metadata descriptions;

Description of the work
The SAVASA project plan will focus on the following objectives :

» Development of video analysis tools to automatically 
annotate video with semantic concepts and scenarios.

Interoperability :
» Application of semantic technologies to enhance the 

analysis of video archive content;

» Compliance with national and European regulations ap-

Contribution to Standards :
» Contribution to standards related to video surveillance, 
storage, secure communications and metadata indexing;
» Development of a set of operational best practices derived 

plicable to video surveillance.

from the results of end-user validation tests. 

Open standards :
» Definition of a migration path from proprietary technolo-

Multiple Archive Integration :
» Integration of multiple video archive systems (remote 

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / Interoperability 
 
 
 
 
SAVASA

459

or local), under a single technology that presents these 

The application of open standards has been a design require-

archives as a homogenous logical system vis-à-vis an 

ment for moving from a legacy set of proprietary compres-

indexing and search system;

» Multi-modal search across multiple video archives tai-
lored to the requirements of end users of surveillance 

video archives;

» Implementation of the core technological deliverables as 
a set of distributed applications suitable for deployment 

as software services.

sion, encoding and container formats into an integrated set 

of open source and open standards tools. A set of enhanced 

video analytics applications have been deployed that can 

leverage the common archive integration and search ap-

plications to provide operators with tools that are lacking 

in current systems. 

Results 
At the end of the project, the SAVASA platform has been 

The whole framework provides an absolute guarantee that 

neither legal nor ethical norms are compromised. The inte-

gration of video semantic analysis and annotation permits 

implemented and has provided a step forward  for video 

operators to perform searches across multiple archives 

surveillance archive exploitation comprising a unified archive 

based on a generalised hypothesis rather than concrete 

integration layer that is capable of making multiple remote 

syntactic concepts. In a few words, the SAVASA project has 

or local video archiving systems available to end-users as 

reached its S&T objectives by focusing on interoperability, 

a logically unified archive. It also provides a common video 

open standards, ethical and privacy protection, semantic 

search and indexing application that builds upon the integra-

video analytics and multiple archive integration.

tion layer which supports multi-modal video search over 

multiple archives in a distributed manner. 

PARTNERS 

Angel Iglesias S.A.- IKUSI (IKUSI) 
Asociación Centro de Tecnologías de Interacción Visual y Comunicaciones Vicomtech (VICOM) 
Studio Professionale Associato a Baker & McKenzie (BAK) 
HI-Iberia Ingeniería y Proyectos S.L. (HIB) 
Dublin City University (DCU) 
University of Ulster (UU) 
INECO (INECO) 
Demokritos (NCSRD) 
Sintel Italia (SINTEL) 
Dirección General de Tráfico – Ministerio del Interior (DGT) 
RENFE Operadora (RENFE) 

COUNTRY

Spain
Spain
Italy
Spain
Ireland
United Kingdom
Spain
Greece
Italy
Spain
Spain

460

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

UNSETH / Embedded protection of security systems and  
anti-tampering technologies 

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

312701

Total Cost  

€6,615,904  

EU Contribution  

€3,874,033  

Starting Date  

01/01/2014

Duration  

42 months

THALES  

COMMUNICATIONS & 

SECURITY SAS (TCS)  

The security of European electronic products and equip-

The project analysed constraints on mobile, network or 

ment is vital, as they handle sensitive data in uncontrolled 

security resources, coupling their requirements with a 

environments. New applications combine a challenging 

nanomaterial printed envelope, embedded die protection, 

set of requirements that include low-cost, security and 

and tamper-resistant SiP in architectural building blocks. 

tamper-resistance needs. 

UNSETH used several test vehicles to validate the build-

UNSETH aimed to add new technologies such as tamper 

ing blocks for the different technologies, to perform a 

detection features and higher tamper resistance to elec-

security evaluation of the integrated solution, and to 

tronic assembly and packaging. The project also defined 

carry out functional verifications, reliability tests and 

a generic protection profile to protect against conceivable 

maturity assessments. The test vehicles were defined 

attacks. Such advances would improve Europe’s tech-

for prototyping and as a reference to measure their 

nological capabilities a worldwide player in the field of 

resistance to potential attacks and thus propose related 

HTE - Hardware Techno-

secure and safe architectures.

countermeasures.

logy Tools & Engineering 

Competence Center

UNSETH introduced new nanomaterials, 3D embedded de-

4 Avenue des Louvresses

vices, mesh into electronic printed circuit board assembly 

92622 GENNEVILLIERS - 

and a system-in-package with active anti-tamper sensors. 

FRANCE

Contact

It also combined these features, focusing on the electronic 

modules themselves and on the manufacturing process. 

Bernard Candaele  

Tel  : +33 1 46 13 27 66

Mobile : +33 6 08 65 07 96

Fax  : +33 1 46 13 25 55

E-mail  : bernard.candaele@

thalesgroup.com

Website :  

www.thalesgroup.com

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / Interoperability 
 
UNSETH

461

Results 

» Great interest in SiP (system-in-package) with wafer level 
packaging for thin body and a compact module with op-

The project assessed three complementary technologies 

tions for a nano-ink printed mesh 

as tool boxes for security:

In 2017, papers and presentations were made at IEEE 

ECTC, APEX IPC, and IMAPS, amongst other venues.

» The promise of Nano-ink AJP jet printed mesh and CAP 
over an electronic module, while related printing technol-

ogy still requires further investigation 

» Embedded die in PCB and a protecting PCB mesh is ready, 
although PCB is well known by attackers; related solutions 

require a state-of-the-art PCB manufacturing line and 

advanced design technics

PARTNERS 

Thales Communications & Security SAS (TCS) 
Austria Technologie & SystemTechnik Aktiengesellschaft (AT&S) 
Nanium S.A (NAN) 
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft for Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung E.V. (FhG ENAS) 
Thales Global Services SAS (EPM) 
Epoche and Espri S.L. (EPO) 

COUNTRY

France 
Austria
Portugal
Germany
France
Spain

462

EULER / European software defined radio for wireless  
joint security operations

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-
o
t
o
h
P

P
C
R
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

218133

Total Cost  

€ 15,468,483

EU Contribution  

€ 8,720,692

Starting Date  

01/03/2009

End Date  

30/04/2012

THALES  

EULER  collaborative  research  project  gathers  main 

Enable enhanced deployment of protection organisations 

European actors to demonstrate how the benefits of 

on a crisis location: groups gathered to operate need their 

Software Defined Radio can be leveraged in order to 

radio systems to coexist and to be inter-connected, with 

enhance interoperability and fast deployment in case 

short configuration time. EULER will provide a reference 

of crisis needed to be jointly resolved.

system architecture enabling on-the-field integration of 

such radio techniques.

Communication systems used on field by security or-

ganisations constitute major elements enabling restoring 

Enhance the capabilities of wireless communication 

security and safety after crisis in an efficient manner. 

systems to enable high-speed communication back-

Large scale events necessitate the cooperation between 

bone and also allow emerging types of services (such 

COMMUNICATIONS S.A.

security organisations of different nature and different 

as on-field video, telemedicine, on-field sensors’ values 

Boulevard de Valmy 160

nations. In connection with a strong group of end-users 

transmission) but also usual PMR ones. To this end, a new 

FR-92700 Colombes

in Europe, EULER will contribute in proposing a more 

reference high-speed radio waveform will be proposed in 

France

Contact

agile, interoperable, robust communication system sup-

line with functional, security and operational conditions 

porting a new range of services to its users. In order to 

(e.g urban, rural areas, …).

Bruno Calvet

achieve these goals, three main components will be 

Tel : +33 (0) 1 41 302 084

combined: a reference high-data-rate radio technique, a 

Provide fully programmable radios via a standardised 

Fax : +33 (0) 1 46 132 555

communication system architecture allowing integration 

software interface (Software Defined Radio), allowing to 

E-mail : bruno.calvet@

of heterogeneous radio standards and Software Defined 

realise the system architecture and reference wireless 

fr.thalesgroup.com

Radio (SDR) as a key enabler for this.

communication waveform in a software-portable fashion, 

hence guaranteeing reusability of these elements across 

platforms from different organisations and suppliers.

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / Secure Communications 
 
 
 
EULER

463

Results

The results of the project are available on the CORDIS 

website http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/security.

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

n
o
t
s
u
r

e
n
y
a
w
©

COUNTRY

France
France
United Kingdom
Hungary
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Sweden
The Netherlands
Spain
Germany
Finland
United Kingdom
Belgium
Belgium
France
Finland
Italy

PARTNERS 

Thales Communications S.A 
Cassidian S.A.S. (EADS DS) 
Astrium Ltd. (EADS-Astrium) 
Budapest University of Technology and Economics 
Elsag Datamat s.p.a. 
Selex Communications S.P.A. 
Telespazio S.P.A. 
Universita di Pisa.  
Saab Communications 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
Indra Sistemas S.A. 
Rohde & Schwarz gmbh. 
Center for Wireless Communications, University of Oulu 
Prismtech Limited 
Interuniversitair Micro-Electronica Centrum VZW (IMEC) 
European Commission - Joint Research Centre (JRC)  
Ecole Superieure d’Electricite 
Elektrobit Wireless Communications 
SELEX Sistemi Integrati S.p.A. (SELEX) 

 
 
 
 
464

FREESIC / Free Secure Interoperable Communications 

l

k
e
a
h
c
a
M

l

e
r
u
A
û

L
U
®

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Operation

285205

Total Cost  

€ 4,338,320

EU Contribution  

€ 3,284,040

Starting Date  

01/02/2012

End Date  

31/07/2014 

ARDACO, A.S.

Polianky 5

84101 – Bratislava

Slovakia

Contact

The main objective of FREESIC was to validate an innova-

The system should motivate end users outside the consor-

tive interoperability ICT concept for better cooperation 

tium to request the integration from their system vendors 

of various emergency responders (both public services 

or integrators. The architecture took into account ongoing 

and private grid services).

standardization research (e.g. : NCOIC Interoperability 

Framework) to reduce the integration time and costs. The 

FREESIC investigated barriers to interoperability of 

integration process was simple ; the system integrator 

emergency services, proposed a communication so-

took the gateway and modified it as needed. The gateway 

lution supporting information exchange through het-

remained the property of the integrator. The integrators 

erogeneous communication systems, deployed the 

did not have to worry about disclosing any know-how or 

interoperability  platform  into  three  countries  and 

information. The communication between gateways was 

evaluated its operation.

end-to-end encrypted and the gateway was under full 

control of end users to avoid security concerns.

Security aspects and user requirements were both es-

sential and shaped the delivery of the project.

Workpackage structure :

Miroslav Konecny

Tel  : +421 232 212 311

Mobile : +421 910 889 650

Description of the work

Fax  : +421 232 212 312

The FREESIC project created a solution that allowed 

E-mail  : miroslav.konecny@

highly secure and cost effective interoperability between 

ardaco.com 

communication infrastructures right across Europe. The 

Website : www.freesic.eu

project has been inspired by legal, organizational and 

operational barriers the consortium has encountered 

during its previous activities (i.e. the project Secricom). 

» WP1 - Project management;
» WP2 - Requirements and limiting factors analysis;
» WP3 - Definition of technical and non-technical solutions;
» WP4 - Implementation of the interoperability platform;
» WP5 - Integration of end user systems;
» WP6 - Acceptance and scenario testing by users;
» WP7 - Dissemination and exploitation.

Results 

Approach

FREESIC’s goal was to “allow highly secure and cost 

Existing interoperability solutions such as gateways are 

effective interoperability between communication infra-

the right approach and simplified FREESIC’s adoption 

structures over the entire Europe”. The approach chosen 

and in return FREESIC opened broader possibilities for 

was to leverage existing interoperability solutions such 

them. It was operated free-of-charge and offered an 

as gateways, simplifying FREESIC’s adoption by agencies, 

open source gateway, documentation and operational 

and, in return, opening broader possibilities for them. 

guidelines for others to use. It was the project’s ambi-

The services operated free of charge and offered open 

tion to continue the free-of-charge operation after the 

source gateway code, documentation and operational 

project’s end as well. The operational costs were covered 

guidelines for others to use.

by the new business opportunities. 

Provisions were made to continue the free-of-charge opera-

tion after the project’s end. The architecture took into account 

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / Secure Communications 
 
 
 
 
FREESIC

465

ongoing standardisation research (e.g., the NCOIC Interop-

erability Framework) to reduce integration time and costs. 

» An open-source gateway was developed and its source 
code was published and made available to end users 

and for future development. 

The integration process was simple: the system inte-

grator took the gateway equipment and modified it as 

» The project’s outputs have obtained wide recognition 
in Europe, thanks to participation in two major events: 

needed. While the gateway remained the property of the 

Security Essen and Milipol Paris. 

integrator, the integrator did not have to worry about 

disclosing any know-how or information. Communication 

»  The FREESIC project provided the basis for a subse-
quent project researching interoperability, REDIRNET 

between gateways was end-to-end encrypted and each 

gateway was under the full control of the end user, so as 

to avoid security concerns. The project was successful in 

– Emergency Responder Data Interoperability Network. 
»  The Czech Republic has showed interest in the FREESIC 
concept and implementation. Huge FREESIC deploy-

showing initial concept of open source communication 

ment is planned during modernization of Pegas net-

gateway together with socio-networking cooperation.

work; common radio communication technology plat-

» The FREESIC Interoperable communication platform 
was developed with its validity proven during a final 

demonstration. 

form for all members of Czech Republic IRS.

»  Ongoing standardisation activities  

PARTNERS 

Ardaco, a.s. (ADO) 
National Security Authority of the Slovak Republic (NSA) 
sité du Luxembourg (UL) 
British Association of Public Safety Communication Officers (BAPCO) 
ITTI Ltd. (ITTI) 
NEXTEL S.A. (NEX) 
Centre de Communications du Gouvernement (CCG) 
World Consult, a.s. (WCT) 
Pramacom Prague (PCM) 

COUNTRY

Slovakia
SlovakiaUniver-
Luxembourg
United Kingdom
Poland
Spain
Luxembourg
Slovakia
Czech Republic

466

N
O
Y
R
E
G
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

GERYON / Next generation technology independent interoperability of 
emergency services 

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

284863

Total Cost  

€ 3,590,730.20

EU Contribution  

€ 2,512,308.65

Starting Date  

01/12/2011

End date  

31/05/2014

GERYON proposed seizing the existing window of op-

GERYON demonstrated both classic (i.e. PTT, MTP and 

portunity due to the convergence of commercial LTE 

preemptive calls) and enhanced emergency services 

networks, IMS as a predominant enabler for multimedia 

(i.e. multimedia streaming and data services) over an 

networks, and uncertainty about the future of classic 

across-frontier testbed. Furthermore, its capability for 

emergency networks due to spectrum scarcity, digital 

including general purpose IMS terminals and GERYON 

dividend issues and economic crisis.

enhanced ones allowed an easy access to first responder 

networks to general purpose devices. 

The project aims at unifying technical and operational logic 

of first responder communications by providing an IMS 

The project was divided into 5 technical Work Packages (WPs) : 

UNIVERSIDAD DEL PAIS 

based technology independent system. GERYON ensured 

VASCO EHU UPV

seamless operation regardless of the access technology 

Faculty of Engineering  

and took advantage of the coverage and responsiveness of 

Specifications and system design. 
The initial stage was dedicated to the definition of the 

of Bilbao

Alameda Urquijo s/n

48013 Bilbao, Spain

Contact

Fidel Liberal

Tel  : +34 946014129

Fax  : +34 946014259

E-mail  : fidel.liberal@ehu.es 

Website : www.sec-geryon.eu

existing PMRs and broadband data services of 4G networks.

overall system architecture and the specifications of 

the GERYON interfaces between different modules and 

Intermediate objectives included the design and develop-

systems, including internal ones and those related to 

ment of :

IMS signalling. The trial plan and tests to be conducted 

were also specified. End users took an active role in the 

» A fully operational IMS-driven emergency services 

requirements gathering stage of this WP.

management platform;

» An emergency services central management system 
and associated transcoding and security gateways.
» Advanced decision support logic for multimedia emer-

gency communications;

» A technology agnostic TETRA-IMS interconnection gateway;
» A software client that allowed for using a subset of 
GERYON services through non-GERYON access networks;

» A transnational TETRA and 4G based testbed.

Description of the work

GERYON management system design and development.
This WP dealt with the design and implementation of 

the hardware and software modules of the central man-

agement system, as well as the considered emergency 

services and transcoding and security gateways.

Interconnection gateway design and development.
A technology independent reference interconnection 

gateway was designed in this WP. Later, a working pro-

totype considering TETRA, LTE and IMS was developed 

according to a GERYON specific testbed.

GERYON  proposed  an  innovative  emergency  inter-

networking system capable of connecting existing first 

responder communication systems and enabling the 

GERYON-enabled LTE emergency communications.
The GERYON testbed demanded basic technology de-

integration of next generation mobile networks by de-

pendent interfaces to be developed for the LTE scenario.

fining technology independent standardized interfaces 

and autonomic configuration and adaptation techniques 

under the umbrella of IMS.

Integration, Field Trials and Evaluation.
The final WP was dedicated to the integration of all the 

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / Secure Communications 
GERYON

467

systems, components, hardware and software modules 

The successful outcomes of the project were presented 

that have been developed in previous WPs into a com-

in the “Jornadas de Redes de Emergencias” (Emergency 

plete system, in order to demonstrate the whole GERYON 

Network Days, May 2014) event organized in Bilbao and 

ecosystem. Again, end users took part significantly in 

attracted remarkable interest by many public stakeholders. 

trial and evaluation tasks.

Results 

The activity of the consortium in the Next Generation 

Public Safety Communications area has continued since 

the official end of the project. From the expertise gained 

GERYON developed and demonstrated a complex eco-

in the project, some of the partners have joined and 

system of next generation public safety services using 

actively contributed to different standardisation organi-

standarsized interfaces. The resulting platform ensured 

sations (ITU-T, ETSI and 3GPP) and emergency and public 

seamless operation regardless of the access technology, 

safety bodies associations (EENA112 and PSCE).

by using technology-independent interfaces and autono-

mous configuration and adaptation techniques through 

Furthermore, some of the problems and solutions envi-

Internet Multimedia Sub-system (IMS) suite of standards. 

sioned by the project in 2011-2014 are currently under 

Specifically, the system was capable of connecting existing 

ongoing discussions as part of standardisation efforts 

first-responder communication systems and integrating 

(particularly in MCPTT -3GPP R13- and NG112).

these systems into next-generation mobile networks.

PARTNERS 

Universidad del Pais Vasco EHU UPV (UPV/EHU) 
Itelazpi SA (ITEL) 
Grupo Comunicaciones y Sonido SL (CYS) 
University of Plymouth (UoP) 
Viotech Communications SARL (VIO) 
National Center for Scientific Research “DEMOKRITOS” (NCSRD) 
Cosmote Kinites Tilepikoinonies AE (COS) 

COUNTRY

Spain
Spain
Spain
United Kingdom
France
Greece
Greece

468

E
T
A
G
-
T
I
H
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

HIT-GATE / Heterogeneous Interoperable Transportable GATEway for 
First-Responders

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

284940

Total Cost  

€ 5,052,636.30

EU Contribution  

€ 3,451,257.72

Starting Date  

01/02/2012

End Date  

31/07/2014

The goal of HIT-GATE was to develop a generic gateway 

2.   Actively involve of end-users throughout the project 

that allows communications across networks currently 

phases, with a strong participation in initial phases 

used by first responders in Europe.  Present networks 

(definition of user requirements and operational sce-

use a large number of different and incompatible tech-

narios) and demonstration activities. Active participa-

nologies therefore compromising efficient coordination 

tion of end-users ensured that HIT-GATE was a valid 

of combined operations (such as cross-border or crisis 

product and that meets their needs.

management). Addressing specifically this issue to an-

swer First Responder needs, HIT-GATE supported a mix 

3.  Adopt known and proven development processes and 

of technologies used today by organizations involved in 

sub-disciplines (ISO 12207) with enough flexibility 

THALES COMMUNICA-

Public-Safety, ranging from legacy-PMR, TETRA to next-

to incorporate new know-how and corrections as a 

TIONS & SECURITY

Direction Technique

generation networks. In this way, organizations may keep 

result of new discoveries and/or verification activities.

their existing systems and/or adopt novel technologies, 

4 avenue des Louvresses

since the proposed HIT-GATE solution is future proof 

4.  Achieve capabilities at early stages of the project. 

92230 Gennevilliers, 

and ensured communications interoperability between 

For that, a two-iteration process was implemented:

France

Contact

Vania Conan

the networks (limited, of course, to the limitations in 

capabilities of each network). HIT-GATE also enabled 

communications across heterogeneous networks be-

» a. Iteration 1: stand-alone HIT-GATE capabilities and 
subset of IP-adaptors (covering TETRA, TETRAPOL and 

Tel  : +33 1 46 13 35 30

tween first responders during operations. By connecting 

analog-PMR).

Fax  : +33 1 46 13 26 86

HIT-GATE to their networks, first responders may continue 

E-mail  :  

to use their current receiver equipment, communications 

Vania.conan@thalesgroup.com 

base-stations and communications infrastructures. 

Description of the work

» b. Iteration 2: networking HIT-GATE capabilities and 
complete set of IP-adaptors (covering GSM/Cellular 

and Broadband).

5.  Demonstrate actual HIT-GATE capabilities to end-users 

The overall strategy adopted to successfully achieve 

in a field-simulated scenario. A demonstration, involv-

HIT-GATE objectives and goals was as follows:

ing FRs and their technology, will be conducted close 

to the end of the project.

1.  Implement a coherent management group capable 

to provide continuous oversight over several of the 

project areas, including, project coordination (e.g., 

budget, calendar, scope and risk), quality, scientific 

accomplishments, end-users participation and ex-

ploitation activities. Project Management activities 

were aligned with principles and best practices from 

PMBOK and CMMI.

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / Secure Communications 
HIT-GATE

469

Results 

A HIT-GATE network was deployed at the Madrid-based 

Technological Institute “La Marañosa” (ITM) and at its 

The HIT-GATE project designed, implemented, and vali-

involved European first responders’ access networks 

dated through laboratory and field tests a set of solutions 

to showcase the interoperability between end–users 

allowing seamless interoperability between various first 

(Guardia Civil(ES), National Police(ES, PT and GR), Fire 

responder networks (PMR radios, TETRA/TETRAPOL, GSM, 

Brigade(ES)), and to exhibit the capabilities of the HIT-

3G, LTE, and WiFi).

GATE system.

The  developed  solution  enhances  first  responder 

Dissemination of the project’s results was conducted 

operations  in  national  and  cross  border  situations 

through our attendance at various European conferences 

by  providing  a  transportable,  deployable  and  au-

(organised for the scientific community and end-users). 

tonomous  gateway  offering  cross  network  services 

A particular focus was put on targeting decision makers 

(Private/emergency/Group  calls,  Push-To-Talk,  and 

and PPDR end-users for dissemination.

enhanced  messaging/location/presence  services). 

The official website of the HIT-GATE project is maintained 

at: www.hit-gate.eu

PARTNERS 

Thales Communications & Security SAS (TCS) 
National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos” (DEM)  
Center For Security Studies (KEMEA) 
Teletel S.A. – Telecommunications and Information Technology  (TELETEL) 
Amper Sistemas, S.A. (AMPER) 
Cluster de Seguridad y Confianza de la Comunidad de Madrid  (Cluster Seguridad) 
Edisoft Emresa de serviços z desenvolvimento de software (EDISOFT) 
Rohill Technologies BV  (ROHILL) 
ITTI Sp.zo.o. (ITTI) 
Thyia Tehnologije d.o.o (THYIA) 
Rinicom Limited (RINICOM) 

COUNTRY

France
Greece
Greece
Greece
Spain
Spain 
Portugal
The Netherlands
Poland
Slovenia
The United Kingdom

470

C
T
-
R
D
P
P
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

PPDR-TC / Public Protection Disaster Relief – Transformation Center

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

PPDR market/technologies

313015

Total Cost  

€ 3,962,239.68

EU Contribution  

€2,890,684.20

Starting Date  

01/04/2013

End Date  

30/09/2015

Public protection disaster relief (PPDR) systems should 

» validate/assess the viability of options for future PPDR 

include capabilities such as voice, real-time video and 

systems, architecture and services 

localization of responders, as well as high speed data 

transfer for dealing with natural and man-provoked 

disasters. 

» frame a 10-15 years “evolutionary” roadmap based on 
analysis of the technical and economical/costs reports 

PPDR-TC’s main objective was to provide a strategic road-

map for the evolution of future PPDR systems over the 

» promote the roadmap to standardisation bodies to 
build compliant business models in accordance with 

next 10-15 years. Its modular study approach included:

the existing standards

EXODUS S.A. (EXO)

Business Development and 

Delivery

» Extensive data gathering from European PPDR organisa-
tions to define reference scenarios, classify current and 

73-75 Mesogeion Av & 

future services, and identify candidate PPDR technologies 

Results 

Estias Str 1

115 26 – Athens

Greece

Contact

and architectures.

» Derive technical recommendations on uniform commu-
nication for public safety agencies (broadband, TETRA, 

1.  Public documents on reporting PPDR communication 

The project’s main outcomes are:

Dimitris Vassiliadis

TETRAPOL networks, etc.) and secure communication over 

requirements, scenarios, and services, together with a 

Tel  : +30 210 7450321

dedicated and commercial networks, plus links to other 

compliance matrix that maps them to technology gaps.

Mobile : +30 6 947566676

networks (LTE, 3G, WiMAX, etc.).

Fax  : +30 210 7450399

E-mail  : dvas@exus.co.uk

» Provide economic recommendations and a cost/benefit 

research communities:

2.  Various software tools to assist the PPDR and the 

Website : www.exus.co.uk

analysis to the decision makers.

Description of the work

PPDR-TC’s tasks were to:

» a.  an on-line database to provide PPDR-related facts 
and figures within the EU, actively populated by the 

PPDR community itself. 

» b.  a software toolbox to help PPDR decision-makers 
determine the most suitable business model for 

acquiring, deploying, and upgrading a PPDR network.        

» define future PPDR reference usage scenarios

» identify services and applications that met the PPDR 

specific requirements

» c.   various network test beds, as well as updated modules 
for the ns-3 network simulator, all released with free 

software licenses to assist the technical community.

» elaborate roadmap guidelines based on selected pa-

3.  Techno-economical recommendations, supported by 

rameters impacting

a comprehensive set of simulations and field trials 

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / Secure Communications 
 
PPDR-TC

471

to prepare a transition roadmap from current voice-

centered PPDR networks to broadband-capable com-

munication systems.

4.  Organisation of various scientific and end-user work-

shops to both ensure wider diffusion of project’s out-

come and higher impact on the PPDR community.

5.  Scientific publications in international journals and 

conference proceedings

6.  A standardisation proposal to 3GPP LTE Public-Safety 

Work Groups.

PARTNERS 

EXODUS S.A. (EXO) 
Institute of Communication and Computer Systems (ICCS) 
Thales Communications & Security SAS (TCS) 
Rinicom Limited (RINI) 
TELETEL S.A. – Telecommunications and Information Technology (TELE) 
AEGIS Systems Limited (AEGI) 
ITTI Sp.zo.o. (ITTI) 
TEKEVER – Tecnologias De Informacao, S.A. (TEK) 
Universita Degli Studi Di Modena e Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE) 
SC Lithuanian radio & TV centre (LRTC) 

COUNTRY

Greece
Greece
France
United Kingdom
Greece
United Kingdom
Poland
Portugal
Italy
Lithuania

472

m
o
c

a

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

t
o
h
S
k
c
a
P

_
L
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SECRICOM /  Seamless communication for crisis

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives 

Description of the work

218123

Total Cost   

€ 12,424,827.51

EU Contribution   

€ 8,606,568.20

Starting Date   

01/09/2008

End Date   

30/04/2012

In  September  2006  the  European  Security  

Research Advisory Board (ESRAB) published a report 

setting the European security research agenda and the 

requirements on new communication infrastructures. 

These requirements included security, depen dability, en-

The project work is divided into nine RTD work-
packages supported by two work-packages for 
management and dissemination. Top innovations 
deal with  :
» Creation of a secure wireless fault tolerant commu-
nication system for mobile devices based on a push-

hanced connectivity, transmission of multiple formats and 

to-talk system ;

advanced search functions. 

» Secure distributed system ; and

QINETIQ LTD

In  response  to  these  ESRAB  requirements,  the  col-

Buckingham Gate 85

laborative research project SECRICOM will create and 

» Secure docking module – system on chip design.

UK-SW1E 6PD London

demonstrate a secure communication platform for crisis 

United Kingdom

Contact

David Traynor

Tel  : +44 (0) 2392 31 2750

Fax  : +44 (0) 2392 31 2768

Mobile  : +44 (0) 7881846076 /  

(0) 7590551967

E-mail  : dtraynor@qinetiq.com

Website  :  

http ://www.secricom.eu

management in Europe.

These innovations will be extended by  :
» IPV6 based secure communication ;

Solve problems of contemporary crisis communica-
tion infrastructures  :
» Seamless and secure interoperability of the several 
hundred thousand mobile devices already deployed ;

» Smooth, simple, converging interface from systems cur-
rently deployed to systems of the new SDR generation ;

» Creation of pervasive and trusted communication in-
frastructure, bringing interconnectivity between dif-

ferent networks ;

» Internetwork interfaces, an interoperable, reco verable 

and extendable network ;

» Communication infrastructure monitoring and control 

centre equipped with localization of actors.

Working  infrastructure  –  the  objective  of  the  
SECRICOM project will be ensured by  :
» Integration of research results ; and

» Demonstrator creation and presentation.

» Provide true collaboration and inter-working of emer-

gency responders ; and

Results

» Seamlessly support different user traffic over different 

The project developed its “Silentel’ client application that 

communication bearers. 

Add  new  smart  functions  using  distributed  IT 
systems based on an SDR secure agents’ infra-
structure  :
Easier instant information gathering and processing focusing 

on emergency responders’ main task – saving lives.

communicate only with the server and was designed to 

support the operation of public safety agencies and other 

responders on a daily basis and in crisis situations.  The 

system enables flexible management of groups by facili-

tating phone calls and instant messaging between actors 

using different devices and located in different countries.  

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / Secure Communications 
 
 
 
 
 
SECRICOM

473

SECRICOM’s results manifested themselves in the system’s 

a user-friendly system with a monitoring and control system 

security, quality and ability to work across multiple platforms. 

that was ready for Internet Protocol Version 6.

The system allows for resilient connectivity through a multi-

bearer-router and an extendable, on-site deployable network.

Three core agent types were identified and implemented:

In terms of security, it exploited:

1.  information delivery agents (IDA) to send information 

» state-of-the-art encryption and user authentication software
» trusted docking station concepts
» chip-level security and a secure docking module
» threat and intrusion detectors and monitors

2.  user communication agents (UCA) to communicate infor-

mation with to human users through guided dialog, with 

most of these done via Silentel’s “push-to-talk” devices

from/to data sources

SECRICOM’s technology is capable of functioning across 

3.  IP agents (IPA) to monitor and configure network routing devices

multiple platforms through communication servers and 

gateways that are applicable for a range of modern devices 

The project provided a proof-of-concept solution for crisis 

and interoperable with legacy systems.  The research team 

management communications and was effectively dem-

also worked to improve the quality of service by developing 

onstrated via four live demonstrations.  

PARTNERS 

QinetiQ Ltd 
Ardaco, as. (ADO) 
Bumar sp. z o.o. (BUM) 
NEXTEL S.A. (NEX)  
Infineon Technologies AG (IFX) 
Université du Luxembourg (Uni Lu) 
Ustav Informatiky, Slovenska Akademia Vied (UI SAV)  
Technische Universität Graz (TUG) 
Geothermal Anywhere, s.r.o. (SMT)  
ITTI Sp. z o.o. (ITTI) 
British Association of Public Safety Communication Officers (BAPCO) 
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) 
Hitachi Europe SAS (HIT) 
University of Patras (UOP) 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
Slovakia
Poland
Spain
Germany
Luxembourg
Slovakia
Austria
Slovakia
Poland
United Kingdom
France
France
Greece

474

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

CRISP /Evaluation and certification schemes for security products

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

challenges affecting security certification, and determine 

the requirements for a harmonised EU-wide approach. 

607941

Total Cost  

€ 2,634,214.38

EU Contribution  

€2,213,041.26

Starting Date  

01/04/2014

Duration  

36 months

CRISP (Evaluation and Certification Schemes for Security 

Products) is a three-year project that aims to promote 

WP4 will examine the core dimensions (security, trust, 

a harmonised playing field for the European security 

efficiency, freedom infringement) of security product cer-

industry by developing a robust and innovative evalua-

tification and then define the requirements for enhancing 

tion and certification methodology for security products, 

today’s evaluation and certification schemes. WP5 will 

systems and services (PSS).

present a certification methodology, policy and proce-

dures for security products, and then test-drive, evaluate 

Its main objective is to enhance existing security evalua-

and refine the methodology, while WP6 will propose a 

tion and certification schemes by offering an evaluation 

roadmap for adopting the proposed certification scheme. 

Netherlands

Contact

Ronald Boon

STICHTING NEDERLANDS 

methodology that integrates the security, trust, efficiency 

NORMALISATIE- 

INSTITUUT (NEN)

and freedom infringement assessment dimensions. The 

Finally, WP7 will focus on activities to enhance accept-

proposed scheme will be based on a new taxonomy, 

ance of the new certification measures, leaving WP8 to  

NEN Environment and 

developed by the CRISP consortium, which encompasses 

focus on stakeholder engagement and dissemination.

Society

Vlinderweg 6

PO Box 5059

a diversity of security products and services across ap-

plication areas. The project will take into account the 

Results 

varying roles of Europe’s security stakeholder com-

2600 GB – Delft - The 

munity – manufacturers, regulatory and certification 

bodies, data protection authorities and end users – to 

Exploitation results
The CRISP (Evaluation and Certification Schemes for 

gather their insights to help overcome the problems of 

Security Products) project’s mission was to develop 

acceptance that challenge current schemes. This will 

an evaluation and certification methodology for the 

Tel  : + 31 15 269 04 12

be achieved via dissemination, promotion, and a range 

CRISP certification scheme for security systems. The 

E-mail  : crisp@nen.nl 

of stakeholder-focused events such as workshops and 

exploitation results consist of the following building 

Ronald.Boon@nen.nl) 

a final conference.

blocks for the CRISP certification scheme:

Website :  

www.crispproject.eu

Description of the work

» CRISP methodology 

Work Package 1 (WP1) will create a taxonomy of security 

products and systems, concepts of operations, applica-

tion areas and performance levels and set out the criteria 

» CEN Workshop Agreement, where the evaluation meth-
odology is recorded, exemplified with evaluation criteria

for comparing security products and systems. 

» CRISP certification manual and roadmap 

WP2 will provide a historical perspective on security 

» CRISP exploitation plan 

standards and certification in Europe and analyse the 

state of the art regarding security standards, certifica-

tion and accreditation at Member State, regional and 

» Briefing papers on the proposed certification scheme 
and roadmap for regulators, manufacturers, certifica-

international levels. WP3 will identify and determine the 

tion bodies, the general public and consumers

role of different stakeholders, gauge their views on the 

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / Standardisation 
CRISP

475

These building blocks will allow the future owner to 

take up and further develop this scheme, finalising the 

» Facilitate implementation of relevant EU legislation 
related to security systems, in particular the EU’s data 

development of the CRISP certification scheme and 

protection regulation

operationalising it. 

Potential impact
The major potential impact of the CRISP project has 

been to:

» Enhance the knowledge base of evaluation and certi-
fication of security systems to increase awareness of 

consumers and increase trust of end users

» Provide a level playing field for the security industry 

in Europe to boost competitiveness

PARTNERS 

Stichting Nederlands Normalisatie-Instituut (NEN) 
Trilateral Research & Consulting LLP (TRI) 
Technische Universität Berlin (TUB) 
IRKS Research GmbH (IRKS) 
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) 
Universitat Jaume i de Castellon (UJI) 
Informacijski Pooblaščenec – Information Commissioner (IP-RS) 

COUNTRY

The Netherlands
United Kingdom
Germany
Austria
Belgium
Spain
Slovenia

476

EQUATOX /Establishment of Quality Assurances for the Detection 
of Biological Toxins of Potential Bioterrorism Risk 

x
o
T
A
u
Q
E
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

285120

Total Cost  

€ 1,591,305.10

EU Contribution  

€ 1,338,634

Starting Date  

01/01/2012

End Date  

31/12/2014

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

The features of biological toxins like ricin, botulinum tox-

The main objectives of EQuATox were the following:

ins, staphylococcal enterotoxins and saxitoxin place them 

at the interface of biological and chemical agents. They 

could be used for terrorist attacks on the basis of their 

1.  Establishment of an EU-wide network focused on the 
detection and identification of biological toxins which 

availability, ease of preparation, their toxicity or the lack 

are at the interface of classical B- and C-agents, 

of countermeasures. Some toxins are considered among 

and are highly relevant in terms of a potential bio-

the most relevant agents in the field of bioterrorism, for 

threat attack. 

which the current level of preparedness within the EU 

should be further improved to limit casualties in the case 

ROBERT KOCH-INSTITUT

of an intentional release. While different technologies 

2.  Screening for information within Europe: who is re-
sponsible for the detection of biological toxins of 

Center for Biological Secu-

for toxin detection have been established, hardly any 

potential bioterrorism risk in each Member State? 

rity, Microbial Toxins (ZBS3)

universally agreed “gold standards” are available, and 

35 laboratories from 20 countries took part in the 

Nordufer 20

reference materials, as well as proficiency tests, are 

EQuATox project.

13353 Berlin, Germany

generally lacking.

Contact

Dr. Brigitte G. Dorner

To address these issues EQuATox created a network 

3.  Generation and characterization of toxin reference 
materials, in case they are not readily accessible from 

Tel  : +49 30 18754 2500

of experts among the EU 28 and associated countries, 

certified sources. Four independent proficiency tests 

Fax  : +49 30 18754 2501

focused on biological toxins and integrating experts from 

to compare diagnostic results attained by different 

E-mail  : DornerB@rki.de 

the security, verification, and health and food sector.

analytical approaches (one proficiency test each on 

Website : www.rki.de

ricin, saxitoxin, staphylococcal enterotoxin B and botu-

linum toxins) were carried out.

4.  Identification of “best practices” for the analysis of 
the different biological toxins based on the results 

obtained in the proficiency tests. Recommendations 

were given on how to close any gaps identified in 

order to minimise potential health and security risks 

for European citizens.

5.  Exchange of information and know-how between all 
network partners, including information on protocols, 

reagents etc. in order to optimize analytical proce-

dures within the network’s laboratories.

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / Standardisation 
 
EQUATOX

477

Results 

By creating a network of experts the project helped to 

minimize the security and health threats posed by bio-

logical toxins. Based on the status quo of toxin detection 

described in EQuATox, good practices and critical gaps 

in detection technology were identified as a foundation 

to harmonize and standardize detection capabilities 

across the EU. 

PARTNERS 

Robert Koch-Institut (RKI) 
European Commission - Joint Research Centre (JRC) 
Institut Scientifique de Santé Publique (WIV-ISP) 
University of Helsinki, Finnish Institute for Verification of the Chemical Weapons Convention,  
VERIFIN (UH/VERIFIN) 
French agency for food, environmental and occupational health safety (Anses) 
Toxogen GmbH (Toxo) 
Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sport - SPIEZ LABORATORY (VBS-LS) 
ChemStat (CHS) 

COUNTRY

Germany
Belgium
Belgium

Finland
France
Germany
Sweden
Switzerland
Switzerland

478

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

HECTOS /Harmonized Evaluation, Certification and Testing of Security 
Products 

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

606861

Total Cost  

€ 4,690,924 

EU Contribution  

€3,489,016

Starting Date  

01/09/2014

Duration  

41 months

Physical security equipment and systems are very diverse 

HECTOS aimed to develop a framework for conform-

in their technology, concept of operation, application area 

ity assessment systems for physical security products. 

and performance. As a result, similar security products 

It explored how international standards for conformity 

are difficult to compare in terms of performance, accu-

assessment (ISO/IEC 17000 series) and existing certifi-

racy, usage, trust and validation of functionality. Moreo-

cation systems and schemes used in other areas could 

ver, there are very few test, evaluation and certification 

be applied, adapted or developed for products used for 

procedures in Europe that are mutually recognised by 

physical security of people, property and infrastructure. 

different Member States. 

This meant taking into account the security-specific fea-

TOTALFORSVARETS 

HECTOS aimed for harmonisation of Europe’s market for 

tures that need to be built into performance measure-

FORSKNINGSINSTITUT 

security products by producing a certification framework 

ment and threshold performance schemes for physical 

(FOI)

and templates for physical security products, as well as 

security products:

Defence and Security, Sys-

a roadmap to implement the approach.

tems and Technology

Grindsjön Research Center

147 25 Tumba, Sweden

Contact

Anneli Ehlerding  

Tel  : +46-855504007

Mobile  : +46-709277383

E-mail  :  

anneli.ehlerding@foi.se 

Website : www.hectos-fp7.eu

» Realistic and adversarial testing 

» Consistency in testing, in particular for adversarial 

testing

» Complex performance information

» Security sensitivity

» Continually evolving requirements

» Wide range of applications and performance require-

ments

» Diverse range of types of product, markets and levels 

of maturity

HECTOR’s work was supported by experimental case 

studies for explosives and weapons (E&W) and biometric 

recognition products. These were validated by apply-

ing them to different product groups as case studies, 

including: E&W detection, biometric recognition, CBRN 

detection, locks and video surveillance systems.

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / StandardisationHECTOS

479

Results 

The project’s main results are its certification frame-

work, template for the establishment and maintenance 

of schemes and its roadmap for future implementation 

of the framework. 

The framework and template are the main content of a 

CEN/CENELEC Workshop Agreement (CWA), initiated by 

HECTOS. The CWA was developed by the project team, 

together with a wide range of stakeholders such as 

representatives from certification bodies, industrial as-

sociations and standardisation bodies. Published as CWA 

17260 in February 2018, the document is downloadable 

at no cost from the CEN/CENELEC website.

PARTNERS 

Totalforsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Idemia Identity & Security (former Morpho) (MPH ) 
Iconal Technology Ltd (ICO) 
Frauhofer Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschungen (FhG) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
University of Warwick (UW) 
NPL Management Ltd (NPL) 
DIN Deutsches Institut fuer Normung e.v. (DIN) 

COUNTRY

Sweden
France
United Kingdom
Germany
The Netherlands
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Germany

480

M
A
L
S
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SLAM / Standardisation of Laboratory analytical methods 

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

The project’s objectives were to:

SLAM’s work covered chemical analysis, biological analy-

» Suggest and seek agreement between the EU27 on 

overview of European laboratories that analyse CBRN 

differential needs for CBRN laboratory standards

substances and background materials. The work also 

sis and radio nuclear analysis in order to generate an 

285410

Total Cost  

€ 1,237,261.33

EU Contribution  

€ 1,117,608.41

Starting Date  

01/04/2012

Duration  

24 months

» Initiate discussion on different CBRN networks, de-
pending on the role and requirement of laboratories 

UMEÅ UNIVERSITY

» Engage and educate relevant laboratories in the EU27 
on inter-calibration exercises for CBRN analytical labo-

European CBRNE Center

ratories

» Produce a road-map for a propoer and efficient stand-
ardisation of the European CBRN laboratory capability 

Umeå University campus

90187 Umeå, Sweden

Contact

Dr Agneta H. Plamboeck

Tel  : +46 (0) 90 786 56 61

Mobile : +46 (0) 73 211 10 00

E-mail  : Agneta.plamboeck@

cbrne.umu.se

Website: http://www.cbrne.

umu.se/forskning-och-

utveckling/senaste-projekt/

avslutade-projekt/slam/

reviewed existing procedures, including transport regu-

lations and protocols relevant for the threat agents.

The research team collated inventories of existing initia-

tives, their protocols and methods, and developed a work-

shop programme. Workshops focused on co-beneficiaries 

and stakeholders, with the output tested through a “round 

robin” inter-calibration exercise.

The final results supported a road-map for the needs 

and means to achieve systematic standardisation of 

European CBRN analytical capability.

Security Research   Security systems integration, interconnectivity and interoperability / Standardisation 
SLAM

481

Results 

The project enhanced competences in Member States for 

the development of common methods, procedures, and 

protocols for the detection, analysis, and identification 

of CBRN substances, allowing a significant comparison 

of results from different laboratories and operators in 

Europe.

PARTNERS 

Umeå University (UmU) 
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) 
Forsvarets forskningsinstitutt (FFI) 
Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Health Protection Agency (HPA) 
Robert Koch-Institut (RKI) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 

COUNTRY

Sweden
France
Norway
Sweden
United Kingdom
Germany
The Netherlands

482

k
c
o
t
S

i

-

l

a
v
o
e
B
a
s
s
i
r
a
L
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

ANVIL / Analysis of Civil Security Systems in Europe

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

» WP1 : Clever design 

284678

Total Cost  

€ 2,202,702.60

EU Contribution  

€ 2,009,228

Starting Date  

01/03/2012

End Date  

28/02/2014

RESEARCH  

MANAGEMENT AS

Fortunalia 14

7057 Jonsvatnet, Norway

Contact

James P. Rydock

Tel  : +47 7391 9307

The ANVIL project has six main objectives :

The strategy is to organize a focused and intense design 

» To pinpoint essential similarities and differences be-
tween civil security systems across Europe, through 

mulate a framework for design, which will be translated 

into a “mapping manual”. This will involve experts with 

mapping and comparing, especially with regard to 

different backgrounds (civil security, public administra-

relevant cultural phenomena and legal determinations;

tion, crisis management) to make sure the proposed 

phase at the start. Existing literature will be used to for-

» To study a representative number of security regional 
architectures in a comparative analysis regarding the 

sharing of responsibilities between public and private 

mapping method is feasible in all selected regions;

» WPs 2 and 3 : Accurate and efficient mapping

bodies and the role that citizens play in regional se-

The strategy will be to identify what the best sources 

curity architectures;

» To determine whether these systems are efficient and 
effective in protecting their citizens (i.e. to determine 

of existing data are and how we can access these. AN-

VIL will make use of our extended network (of both 

practitioners and academics) to identify these data 

sources. In addition, it is important that all partners 

what works and what doesn’t work in existing civil 

collect data in the same way to ensure comparability 

Mobile  : +47 9590 7562

security systems);

Fax  : +47 7391 8200

E-mail  :  

jrydock@researchmgt.com

» To provide advice about what changes or modifications 
could result in improvements to the security situation 

(which is necessary for the analytical phase). Part of 

this strategy is to organize several meetings (in person 

and using video networking) to discuss and compare 

data collection processes, and jointly devise solutions 

Website  :  

in regions or countries where this is desired by EU 

for emerging data-related problems;

www.anvil-project.net

policymakers;

» To ensure that the project gives EU-added value to 

and impact

policy stakeholders;

» To link to future research needs where possible.

role of the EU and the existing constraints on developing 

ANVIL will draw on previous research into the growing 

» WPs 4 and 5 : EU-focused analysis, dissemination 

Description of the work

EU crisis and disaster management capacities. This will 

provide a clear overview of the needs at the EU level. In 

addition, ANVIL will create a policy stakeholder group in 

To reach these objectives, ANVIL has formulated three 

WP5 to inform and provide feedback to our work, and 

sub-strategies (encompassing the first five of in all seven 

who can ultimately validate our findings and function as 

work packages) for each project pillar : design, mapping and 

an additional avenue for dissemination of ANVIL results;

analysis, each of which is informed by policy stakehold-

ers. Each pillar is essential to the outcome of the project. 

» Finally, WP6 is for overall dissemination, both during and 
after the project, and WP7 is for project management.

Security Research  Security and society / Citizens, media and security 
 
 
 
 
ANVIL

483

Results

countries needing help during domestic crises. Looking 

at national civil security in the EU context, there is a basic 

Current  European  civil  security  systems  are  heavily 

acceptance, but low visibility of the EU as a coordinator 

localised, with complex institutional arrangements and 

and facilitator of joint responses to disasters occurring 

varying degrees of centralization. There is a strong use of 

inside or outside Europe. Finally, there is a limited role 

voluntary organizations in most countries, however, the 

for regional organizations, which are seen to be weakly 

role of the private sector is limited, with outsourcing of 

institutionalised, have limited competences in crisis and 

core tasks in crisis management not a major trend. Civil 

emergency management and depend on often reluctant 

security systems are generally perceived as effective. 

member states for financial resources and operational 

In terms of efficiency, costs are often dispersed and 

capacities. Results from the ANVIL project are appearing 

therefore  total  national  civil  security  budgets  are 

in international peer reviewed publications such as the 

largely unknown. Despite this uncertainty, a majority 

Journal of Risk Research, as well as in a forthcoming 

of citizens appear to have a positive attitude towards 

book title ‘EU civil security governance: Diversity and 

civil  security  and  feel  generally  safe,  though  levels 

cooperation in crisis and disaster management’ to be 

of support differ somewhat geographically. There is 

published by Pelgrave Macmillan.

a well-developed framework for external and cross-

border assistance, but it is used only reluctantly by 

PARTNERS 

Research Management AS (Resman) 
Universiteit Utrecht (Utrecht) 
Ideella Foreningar Utrikespolitiskainstitutet, Informationsavd (UI) 
University of Essex (UEssex) 
Institut za Medunarodne Odnose (IMO) 
Hellenberg Oy (HI) 
Istituto Affari Internazionali (I.A.I.) 
Institut fur Friedenforschung und Sicherhetspolitik an der Universitat Hamburg (IFSH) 
Försvarshögskolan, Swedish National Defence College (SNDC) 
Univeristet u Beogradu, Fakultet Bezbednosti (FB) 
Fondation pour la Recherche Strategique (FRS) 
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu (AMU) 

COUNTRY

Norway
The Netherlands
Sweden
United Kingdom
Croatia
Finland
Italy
Germany
Sweden
Serbia
France
Poland

484

ATHENA 

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

613220

Total Cost  

€ 5,436,445.04

EU Contribution  

€2,631,592.00

Starting Date  

01/12/2013

Duration  

36 months

The public are under-utilised as crisis responders; often 

The goal of the ATHENA project is to deliver two major 

first on the scene, and vastly outnumbering emergency 

outputs that will enable and encourage users of new media 

responders, they are creative and resourceful.

to contribute to the safety of citizens in crisis situations, 

and in search and rescue actions.

In a crisis, the public self-organise into groups, adapt 

quickly, emerge as leaders and experts, and perform 

The ATHENA project places considerable importance on 

countless life-saving actions. Though to do this they 

the involvement of end-users, and the project will be 

are increasingly reliant upon the use of new media. 

developed through an iterative process involving close 

Therefore ATHENA will:

working between technical and end-user partners. 

POLICE AND CRIME 

COMMISSIONER FOR 

» help by joining their conversations and adding an 

WEST YORKSHIRE (WYP)

enabling voice. 

West Yorkshire for  

Innovation (WyFi) 

Laburnum Road

PO Box 9

WF1 3QP – Wakefield  

United Kingdom

Contact

Jessica Gibson   

Tel  : +44 (0) 1924 292207

» give them the information they need, in a way they 

can understand. 

» assist them in targeting their actions; directing them 
to the places they need to be and away from danger. 

» identify emergent behaviour that is beneficial, and 
then provide support with law enforcement agency 

Mobile  :  

(LEA) resources to develop that behaviour.

+44 (0) 7515 573789

E-mail  : jessica.gibson@ 

westyorkshire.pnn.police.uk

Website  :  

http://www.westyorkshire.

police.uk/athena 

Security Research  Security and society / Citizens, media and securityATHENA

485

Results

» A  set  of  best  practice  guidelines  for  LEAs,  first 
responders and citizens for the use of new media, 

ATHENA will create a fundamental and permanent shift in 

the way crisis situations are managed; helping the public 

supporting tools and technologies in crisis situations

become a part of the crisis team.

» A suite of prototype software tools to enhance the 
ability of LEAs, first responders an00d citizens in their 

It will use social media and smart mobile devices as part 

of a shared and interoperable two-way communication 

use of new media in crisis situations

platform. By developing an orchestrated cycle of data, 

ATHENA will provide the emergency services with new 

the public and emergency services with the intelligence 

real-time intelligence from crowd-sourced information, 

they need in dealing with a crisis.

information and knowledge, ATHENA will empower both 

assisting in decision making and making search and rescue 

more efficient. 

PARTNERS 

Police and Crime Commissioner for West Yorkshire (WYP) 
International Organization for Migration (IOM) 
Sheffield Hallam University (SHU)  
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V (FKIE) 
SAS Software Limited (SAS) 
Municipality of Ljubljana (MOL) 
Thales Nederland BV (Thales-NL) 
University Of Virginia (UVA) 
Försvarshögskolan, Swedish National Defence College (SNDC) 
EPAM Systems (Nordic) AB (EPAM) 
Izmir Buyuksehir Belediyesi (IBB) 
Research In Motion Limited (RIM) 
Epidemico Ltd (EMCO) 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom 
Begium
United Kingdom
Germany
United Kingdom
Slovenia 
The Netherlands
United States
Sweden
Sweden
Turkey 
Canada
Ireland

486

I

C
M
S
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

COSMIC / The Contribution of Social Media in Crisis Management

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

312737

Total Cost  

€1,228,896

EU Contribution  

€ 997,040.20

Starting Date  

01/04/2013

End Date  

31/03/2015

The major premise of the COSMIC project was that the 

experience from recent emergency situations was indica-

» produce guidelines to assist authorities and first re-
sponders in deploying new and emerging communi-

tive of a need to instigate collaboration efforts and ex-

cation technologies and applications for protecting 

change of ideas and know-how across national borders 

citizens in crisis situations

and among different stakeholders. Extant research on 

information technology design for emergency purposes 

indicated that the conventional command and control 

approach to emergency response, which favoured a hi-

Description of the work

erarchical approach to communication structures, should 

EUROPEAN DYNAMICS 

have been replaced by one which relied on decentralised 

COSMIC achieved its objectives via these lines of action:

» Studies on crises, the main stakeholders (including 
the public) and the communication technologies they 

ADVANCED SYSTEMS OF 

structures and prioritized social interactions among dif-

TELECOMMUNICATIONS 

ferent stakeholders. A suitable information technology 

design should be able to enhance informal interactions 

INFORMATICS AND 

TELEMATICS SA (ED)

in dispersed networks (and localities), while being flexible 

currently use. Emerging technologies were investigated 

Department of Research 

enough to accommodate situational and locational varia-

and stakeholders informed about available innovative 

and Development

Kifissias 209

tion (and make sense of such variation) so as to enhance 

forms of communication.

information sharing. This could result in adding visibility, 

15124, Marousi, Greece

permanence and sensibility to ephemeral information 

Contact

Ioannis Kotsiopoulos

shared over those dispersed networks.

Tel  : +30 210 8094500

The project bridged the gap between different stakehold-

» Strategic support: COSMIC analysed the stakehold-
ers in crises and offered ways to achieve sustainable 

collaboration.

Fax  : +30 210 8094508

ers with various and sometimes conflicting needs, and 

E-mail  : ioannis.kotsiopoulos@

complemented existing EC and other international projects 

» Awareness raising and dissemination: COSMIC com-
municated progress made and promoted its vision for 

eurodyn.com

Website  :  

by integrating the know-how derived from them and dis-

crisis management.

seminating it to a wide network of interested parties. In 

www.eurodyn.com

particular, the project aspired to:

» explore new and emerging communication technolo-
gies and applications and provide insight into the most 

effective ways to utilise this media for the safety and 

security of citizens in crisis situations

» assist better communication and better information 

gathering for authorities and first responders

» examine the potential roles and ethics for citizen par-

ticipation in emergency response

Security Research  Security and society / Citizens, media and security 
COSMIC

487

Results

COSMIC highlighted the use of citizen-generated data via 

To this end, the project offered expert-validated advice 

social media as an indicator of where specific emergency 

and guidelines on how new media technologies and ap-

resources or search and rescue operations are neces-

plications can best be used for rapid response to crises. 

sary. This can assist decision makers, law enforcement 

A series of workshops and a final conference helped vali-

officers and first responders in using new technology 

date those guidelines and verified their usefulness and 

for communication and information gathering. It can 

relevance to the needs of a variety of stakeholders. On a 

also positively influence citizens’ preparedness by show-

wider perspective, the findings of COSMIC offer value to 

ing how trusted information can be communicated to 

other EU projects, governments, and researchers regard-

the public and, in reverse, how citizens can assist the 

ing possible new areas in policy studies and research 

authorities and one another via own-produced relevant 

in relation to social media and emergency response.

supplementary information.

PARTNERS 

European Dynamics, Advanced Systems of Telecommunications Informatics and Telematics SA (ED) 
Trilateral Research & Consulting LLP (TRI) 
Radboud University Nijmegen – Crisislab (RUN) 
KOC University (KU) 
Elliniki Omada Diasosis Somateio (HRT) 
Public Safety Communication Europe Forum AISBL (PSCE) 
Veiligheidsregio Zuid-Holland Zuid (VZHZ) 

COUNTRY

Greece
United Kingdom
The Netherlands
Turkey
Greece
Belgium
The Netherlands

488

CPSI / Changing perceptions of security and interventions

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

e
o
Z
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

r
o
t
a
n
i
d
r
o
r
t
o
a
o
n
C
d
r
o
o
C

i

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

217881

Total Cost  

€ 2,712,487 

EU Contribution  

€ 2,165,637 

Starting Date  

01/04/2008

End Date  

31/03/2010

CPSI – Changing Perceptions on Security and Interven-

The core of CPSI is psychological in nature. The concep-

tions –aims to create a methodology to collect, quantify, 

tual model is based on factors related to each individual 

organize, query, analyse, interpret and monitor data on 

which determine perceived security, such as demographic 

actual and perceived security, determinants and me-

characteristics, personality traits and lifestyle, and his-

diators. 

tory of victimization. The model was developed using 

literature review and morphological analysis, a structured 

The four main objectives of the project were to:

group-discussion technique used to give concrete form 

to multidimensional non-quantifiable problem spaces.

» Develop a conceptual model of actual and perceived 

NEDERLANDSE  

ORGANISATIE VOOR 

TOEGEPAST NATUUR-

security and their determinants, 

Overall, however, CPSI takes an explicitly multidisciplinary 

» Design a methodology to register and process security-

security also has strong links with sociological factors and 

approach. Aside from psychological aspects, we believe that 

WETENSCHAPPELIJK  

related data, 

ONDERZOEK

national culture. Specifically we will examine the relation-

ship between public opinion and the media, in addition to 

Defence, Security and 

» Develop a data warehouse to store amassed data and 

an analysis of national security cultures across Europe.

Safety

Kampweg 5

P.O. Box 23

3769 ZG Soesterberg  

» Carry out an empirical proof-of-principle study to test 

In this project we will test if it is possible to answer 

the model, methodology and data warehouse.

relevant security-related questions from the field us-

ing the CPSI methodology. Example questions include: 

The Netherlands

In CPSI we focus on security related to “everyday” crime, 

Contact

such as theft, assault and vandalism. The CPSI methodol-

» How does actual security relate to the subjective per-

Dr. Heather J. Griffioen-

ogy, however, can be applied to other areas of security 

ception of security? 

Young

Tel  : +31 346 356 378

as well, such as terrorism or financial security. 

» What are the levels of perceived and actual security 

Mobile  : +31 6 2246 1065

The main deliverables include a detailed description of 

in specific locations?

Fax  : +31 346 353 977

the methodology, data warehouse, and empirical study. 

E-mail  :  

In addition, we will develop an “instruction manual” 

» Which interventions work where? 

heather.griffioen@tno.nl

describing how an end-user can implement the CPSI 

Website  : www.cpsi-fp7.eu

methodology.

» How does security change over time?

In an empirical study taking place in Amsterdam, The 

Netherlands, we are filling a data warehouse with data 

on registered crimes, results from a survey on perceived 

security, and analyses of media expressions concerning 

crimes and security in general. From this information, 

we can test the validity of the conceptual model and 

the applicability of the methodology.

Security Research  Security and society / Citizens, media and security 
 
 
CPSI

489

The widespread implementation of monitoring tools such 

as the CPSI methodology brings with it ethical and legal 

risks related to – among other things – citizens’ privacy 

and the use of data. In CPSI we take these issues seri-

ously and are employing a technique known as ethical 

parallel research in which ethical and legal issues are ad-

dressed as they arise during the execution of the project.

Results 

The results of the project are available on the CORDIS 

website http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/security.

PARTNERS 

Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO)  
Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
University of Kent (UniKent) 
Sogeti Nederland B.V. (Sogeti) 
Temis S.A. (Temis) 
European Commission - Joint Research Centre (JRC) 
WWEDU World Wide Education GmbH (CESS) 
Ministerie van Volksgezondheid, Welzijn en Sport (SCP) 
VLC Projects B.V. (VLC) 
Sigmund Freud Privatuniversitat Wien GmbH (SFPUW) 

COUNTRY

The Netherlands
Sweden
United Kingdom
The Netherlands
France
Belgium
Austria
The Netherlands
The Netherlands
Austria

490

+
R
A
S

I

©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

EmerGent / Emergency Management in Social Media Generation

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

social media during emergencies, and the future potential for 

citizens and EMS involvement within all phases when using 

608352

Total Cost  

€4,153,322 

EU Contribution  

€ 3,331,184 

Starting Date  

01/04/2014

Duration  

36 months

Social media is a serious and fast growing phenomenon 

social media. It also performs an analysis of the methods and 

for creating and maintaining social links. The convergence 

tools for citizens and EMS to integrate on a technical level. 

of social networking and mobile media technology is 

changing the way people communicate, and access or 

The results of the analysis are used to assess the impact of 

share information, especially during emergency or crisis 

social media in emergencies for citizens and EMS through 

situations. Wherever emergencies or crises occur, ad-hoc 

continuous citizen and EMS involvement via social media and 

communities are built through existing social media chan-

workshops. This includes users who will participate over the 

nels. But these communities are often unconnected or 

long-term as well as development of basic infrastructures 

weakly connected to the emergency management services 

to maintain and support relationship via social media. The 

UNIVERSITY OF PADER-

(EMS) and the corresponding emergency management 

methodology of the impact assessment consists of case 

BORN (UPB)

processes. 

COMPUTER APPLICATION 

studies, analyses of past emergencies where social media 

played a crucial role, workshops with experts and deep-

AND INTEGRATION IN 

The overall objective of EmerGent is to understand the 

content analysis of feelings and reactions on both sides.

DESIGN AND PLANNING 

positive and negative impacts of social media in emer-

(C.I.K.) 

Pohlweg 47-49

gencies to:

To handle the vast amount of valuable and distributed in-

formation, methods for information mining and information 

33098 Paderborn, Germany

1.  enhance objective and perceived safety and security of 

quality are developed to classify and rate the available and 

Contact

citizens before, during and after emergencies,

provided data from users. Information gathering and infor-

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rainer Koch

mation routing, including the development of new social 

Tel  : +49 5251 60-2258

2.  strengthen the role of European companies that supply 

apps, will be done as part of the “Novel Emergency Man-

Fax  : :+49 5251 60-3482

services and products related to EmerGent’s results.

agement”. The development of new social apps will obtain 

E-mail  :  

r.koch@cik.uni-paderborn.de

Website  : 

http://www.fp7-emergent.eu 

Description of the work

and provide visualisations of the most relevant information 

(as assessed by EmerGent) integrated with several social 

network providers.

Today the “emergency management cycle” (EMC) with its 

phases does not capture social media with its highly valuable 

information. Although existing social apps (e. g. for mobile 

devices) are sometimes used by citizens to share their ob-

servations and feelings, these are only weakly connected 

to existing EMS systems. To achieve the goal of EmerGent 

the consortium has developed a strong research oriented 

methodology.

Within the “Analysis of Social Media in Emergencies Today 

and Tomorrow”, EmerGent investigates the current use of 

Security Research  Security and society / Citizens, media and security 
EmerGent

491

Results

EmerGent positioned itself as a tool to fill this gap by 

helping emergency services learn how to use social media 

EmerGent (Emergency Management in Social Media Gen-

before, during, and after emergencies by processing and 

eration) aimed to understand the positive and negative 

intelligently displaying the sheer amount of information.

impacts of social media to enhance the safety and se-

curity of citizens before, during and after emergencies. 

EmerGent focused on the socio-cultural and technological 

aspects of social media information generation.  Starting 

During emergencies such as floods, earthquakes or riots, 

with the attitudes of emergency services and citizens 

valuable information is shared on social network web-

in general towards social media, EmerGent investigated 

sites, e.g. Twitter, Facebook or Instagram. During recent 

the latter’s impact during emergencies. Several repre-

catastrophes across the world such as Hurricane Sandy 

sentative studies were published across Europe during 

in 2012, Europe’s floods of 2013-14 or the terrorist at-

the project.

tacks that hit Paris and Brussels in 2015, social media 

has been widely used. However, emergency services 

For detailed information, the guidelines or survey results 

are struggling to harness the potential of social media. 

please visit the project website at www.fp7-emergent.eu. 

PARTNERS 

University of Paderborn (UPB) 
Intelligence for Environment and Security - IES Solutions (IES) 
Oxford Computer Consultants (OCC) 
University of Siegen (USI) 
The Tavistock Institute of Human Relations (TIHR) 
Western Norway Research Institute (WNRI) 
Federation of the European Union Fire Officer Associations (FEU) 
European Emergency Number Association (EENA) 
City of Dortmund, Fire Department, Institute of Fire Service and Rescue Technology (FDDO) 
Centrum Naukowo-Badawcze Ochrony Przeciwpozarowej im. Jozefa Tuliszkowskiego Panstwowy  
Instytut Badawczy (CNBOP-PIB) 

COUNTRY

Germany
Italy
United Kingdom 
Germany 
United Kingdom 
Norway
Luxembourg
Belgium
Germany
Poland 

492

+
R
A
S

I

©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

IMPACT Europe / Innovative Method and Procedure to Assess 
Counter-violent-radicalisation Techniques in Europe

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

IMPACT aimed to fill the knowledge gap and enhance 

IMPACT Europe turned to evaluators, policy-makers, frontline 

understanding of what works best in preventing and 

workers and academics to answer three questions, namely: 

tackling violent radicalisation and extremism, and to 

improve the impact of practitioners engaged in counter 

» How effective are various programmes at preventing and 

violent radicalisation activities.

tackling violent radicalisation and extremism?

» What do we know about evidence-based practice for 
preventing and tackling violent radicalisation and ex-

tremism?

» How does this inform our knowledge and understanding 

of violent radicalisation and extremism?

312235

Total Cost  

€ 3,522,328.33

EU Contribution  

€ 2,801,537.10 

Starting Date  

01/2014

Duration  

42 months

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

NEDERLANDSE ORGANI-

SATIE VOOR TOEGEPAST 

NATUURWETENSCHAPPE-

LIJK ONDERZOEK (TNO)

Defence, Safety and 

Security

Anna van Buerenplein 1

2595 DA, Den Haag, 

NETHERLANDS

Contact

Dr. Marcel van Berlo

Tel  : +31 8886 65858

E-mail  :  

info@impacteurope.eu 

Website  :   

http://impacteurope.eu/

Security Research  Security and society / Citizens, media and security 
IMPACT Europe

493

Results

IMPACT Europe developed an online toolkit to help pro-

fessionals and volunteers design and implement robust 

scientific evaluations of their counter-violent extremism 

programmes and to integrate evidence-based practices 

into their future ones. 

The evaluation toolkit is composed of a methodology, 

database, training course and manual. 

PARTNERS 

RAND Europe (RAND) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek (TNO) 
Fondation pour la Recherche Stratégique (FRS) 
Studio CEVAS (CEVAS) 
ITTI (ITTI) 
University of Milan Bicocca (UNIMIB) 
Hogeschool Utrecht (HU) 
Verwey-Jonker Instituut (VJI) 
Intelligence in Science (ISC) 
International Security and Counter-terrorism Academy (ISCA) 
Nationale Politie (DNP) 
Radical Middle Way (RMW) 
Cultures Interactive e.V. (CI) 
Sorø Kommune (SSP SORØ) 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
The Netherlands
France
Italy
Poland
Italy
The Netherlands
The Netherlands
Belgium
Israel
The Netherlands
United Kingdom
Germany
Denmark

494

+
R
A
S

I

©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

iSAR+ / Online and Mobile Communications for Crisis Response and 
Search and Rescue

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

312850

Total Cost  

€5,225,062

EU Contribution  

€ 3,987,991.65

Starting Date  

01/01/2013

End Date  

30/06/2015

Citizens can function as the “in-situ first sensors” now that 

In order to address the project objectives iSAR+ reached 

they are empowered by new communication media such 

the conclusion that the answer is not solely technological. 

as mobile phones with cameras and internet-based ap-

Useful technology is already available; the real problem 

plications that connect to social media platforms. However 

is mostly related to the question of how to use existing 

their added-value involvement in crisis response efforts 

technology so that PPDRs and citizens may mutually trust 

is often disregarded by PPDRs when they are developing  

the channels of bi-directional social media communication. 

situational awareness during emergencies.

Therefore the iSAR+ approach, code named the THEO 

The iSAR+ project aimed to research and develop guidelines 

approach, was based on a multi-dimensional analysis 

TEKEVER - TECNOLOGIAS 

and an associated platform that, in emergencies or crises, 

that encompasses the technological, human, ethical, legal, 

DE INFORMACAO, S.A. 

enabled citizens using new mobile and online technologies 

and the organisational perspectives of the problem. In 

(TEKEVER)

to actively participate in the response effort. This could be 

iSAR+ each THEO dimension was assigned a work pack-

Rua das Musas 3.30

done through bi-directional provision, dissemination, or 

age to thoroughly study the project’s challenges under 

1990-113 Lisboa

sharing and retrieval of information essential for critical 

its respective perspective. 

Portugal

Contact

Pedro Sinogas

Tel  : +351 213 304 300

PPDR intervention, in disaster relief scenarios.

In particular, iSAR+ aimed to achieve the following objectives:

and the results are merged to form one unified vision. 

This process was repeated through several iterations. At 

The THEO work packages were executed concurrently 

Mobile  : +351 213 304 300

Fax  : +351 213 304 301

» Develop effective guidelines to enable the new media 
users to contribute to crisis response efforts and search 

the end of each iteration, the iSAR+ end user community 

met at showcases and workshops, to review the achieved 

E-mail  : pedro.sinogas@

and rescue actions;

results. The end-user feedback was then incorporated 

tekever.com

Website  : isar.i112.eu

» Recommend the most effective and efficient ways for 
citizens to contribute to crisis response and search 

into the next iteration of the project, thus promoting the 

establishment of an end-user driven solution by the time 

and rescue actions;

the final project iteration has been achieved. 

» Design iSAR+ to suit PPDR organisations;
» Design iSAR+ to suit citizens;
» Design iSAR+ accordingly to the EU ethical and legal 

Results

framework;

iSAR+ successfully achieved its goals of developing a 

» Design an innovative iSAR+ technological platform for 
experimentation and validation purposes, which gets 

technological platform for use of mobile technology and 

social media tools by PPDR organisations and citizens, 

the most out of mobile technology and social media;
» Define a stepwise process for the adoption of online social 
media and mobile technologies in PPDR organisations;
» Integrate iSAR+ in the existing PPDR toolkit for crises;
» Establish a wide European community of end-users, 
interested in researching the challenges of using social 

proposing guidelines, and developing a roadmap for the 

adoption of said tools.

iSAR+ developed organisational (33), technological (30), 

ethical (22), and human factors (20) recommendations 

for the adoption and use of social media and mobile 

media for supporting disaster relief operations.

technologies in crisis management. These were ag-

Security Research  Security and society / Citizens, media and security 
iSAR+

495

gregated into 28 integrated recommendations. These 

included: development of a human-centred CONOPS to 

» Text Analysis Tweet Locator (TAT2);
» Multi-Language Text Analytics (MTA).

be implemented in crisis mode and non-crisis mode; the 

use of iSAR+ as a means of inter-team, inter-agency 

The iSAR+ tools and modules underwent two iterations 

communication and coordination; creation of clear ethical 

and were validated by real end-users during showcases 

guidelines for use of the system; and the development 

in France and Finland.

of a citizen education plan.

Furthermore, iSAR+ developed a platform integrating 

the following modules:

» the iSAR+ Portal Software (IPS);
» myPublicAlerts (mPA);
» optional 3rd party modules;
» SMM Crawler (Social Media Monitoring Crawler);
» Information Mining and Synthesis (IMS);

PARTNERS 

Tekever - Tecnologias de Informacão, S.A. (TEKEVER) 
Bridge 129 Spa  - Safety and Security (BRIDGE129) 
Centre for Science, Society and Citizenship (CSSC) 
Deveryware (DEV) 
Pelastusopisto, Emergency Services College (ESC) 
Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald (EMAUG) 
ITTI Sp.zo.o. (ITTI) 
Helse Bergen Hf*Haukeland University Hospital (HUS) 
Kuopion Kaupunki (PSPELA) 
Police and Crime Commissioner for North Yorkshire (PCCNY) 
Pole Pilote De Securite Locale (PSSL) 
Poliisiammattikorkeakoulu (POLAMK) 
The Provost, Fellows, Foundation Scholars & The Other Members Of Board  
Of The College Of The Holy & Undivided Trinity Of Queen Elizabeth Near Dublin (TCD) 
Thales Communications & Security SAS (THALES) 
Itä-Suomen Yliopisto (UEF) 
Zanasi Alessandro Srl (ZANASI) 

COUNTRY

Portugal
Italy
Italy
France
Finland
Germany
Poland
Norway
Finland
United Kingdom
France
Finland

Ireland
France
Finland
Italy

496

I

S
R
A
P
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

PARIS / PrivAcy pReserving Infrastructure for Surveillance 

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

312504

Total Cost  

€4,771,052 

EU Contribution  

€3,490,491 

Starting Date  

01/01/2013

Duration  

36 months

PARIS will define and demonstrate a methodological ap-

The methodological approach will be based on two pillars: 

proach for the development of surveillance infrastructure 

1) a theoretical framework for balancing surveillance with 

which enforces the right of citizens to privacy, justice, and 

the protection of privacy and data which fully integrates 

freedom.  It will take into account the evolving nature of 

the concept of accountability, and 2) an associated process 

such rights such as aspects that are acceptable today 

for the design of surveillance systems which takes into 

but might not be in the future, as well as the social and 

account privacy and accountability from the start, i.e. 

ethical nature of those rights, e.g. the variation of the 

privacy-by-design and accountability-by-design.

perception of rights in different countries. 

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

TRIALOG

25 rue du Général Foy

75008 Paris, France

Contact

Antonio Kung

Tel  : +33 1 44 70 61 00

Fax  : +33 1 44 70 05 91

E-mail  :  

antonio.kung@trialog.com

Website  :  

http://www.paris-project.org 

Security Research  Security and society / Citizens, media and security 
PARIS

497

Results

First a generic framework will be defined for SALT: Socio-

Two use cases will be demonstrated, one based on vid-

ethicAl Legal Technological aspects. Based on the SALT 

eo search technology which focuses on archived data, 

framework, guidelines will be provided to define special-

and the other based on biometrics technology which 

ized conceptual frameworks, e.g. for a given country. 

focuses on embedded systems sensor data. The two use 

Examples of SALT frameworks will be provided. The 

cases will use different SALT frameworks. The resulting 

interplay  of  SALT  frameworks  and  the  exchange  of 

methodology will be promoted through associations and 

surveillance data will be analysed. 

standardisation bodies.

A framework management tool will be developed in order 

to 1) allow for the creation and editing of a conceptual 

framework, and 2) subsequently act as a reference for 

surveillance system designers. A SALT compliant design 

process will be defined so that the balance of surveillance 

and privacy according to the specialised framework will 

be ensured throughout the process. 

PARTNERS 

Trialog 
Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH  (AIT) 
Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique  (INRIA) 
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KUL) 
Universidad de Malaga (UMA) 
Université de Namur  
Thales Communications & Security SA  
Visual Tools SA 

COUNTRY

France
Austria
France
Belgium
Spain
Belgium
France
Spain

498

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

PRIME / Preventing, Interdicting and Mitigating Extremist events: 
Defending against lone actor extremism

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

extremism, establish the data requirements necessary to 

produce a cross-level model of these events, and develop 

608354

Total Cost  

€3,590,953.80

EU Contribution  

€2,842,878.45 

Starting Date  

01/05/2014

Duration  

36 months

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

UNIVERSITY COLLEGE 

LONDON (UCL)

UCL DEPARTMENT OF 

SECURITY AND CRIME 

SCIENCE 

The PRIME project will deliver a knowledge-base to inform 

the formal scripting approach. Work carried out in the first 

the design of measures to defend against lone actor ex-

phase ensures that the empirical work taking place in the 

tremism, by achieving the following objectives:

next phase proceeds from a systematic, formalised, and 

1.  Characterising the risk posed by lone actor extrem-
ists, and the context in which measures to defend 

Phase 2: “Modelling”: we will create cross-level subscripts 

against lone actor extremist events (LAEEs) may be 

for each event stage (radicalisation, attack preparation, 

clear conceptual and methodological basis. 

implemented; 

attack) from collected data, integrate the subscripts into 

a single event model, and identify categories of interven-

2.  Producing a cross-level risk analysis framework with-
in which to articulate the key factors and processes 

tion points or ‘pinch points’, where intervention has the 

potential to disrupt lone actor extremist events. This will 

implicated in LAEEs, across all stages of the event 

lead to a robust, empirically-supported, valid event model 

(radicalisation, attack preparation, attack). 

and a set of transparently-derived intervention points. 

35 TAVISTOCK SQUARE

3.  Translating the risk analysis framework into a meta-

Phase 3: “Response”: review existing counter- and com-

WC1H 9EZ, LONDON, 

script of lone actor extremist events. 

munication measures against lone actor extremism, for-

ENGLAND

Contact

DR NOEMIE BOUHANA  

4.  Producing an integrated, cross-level script of LAEEs, 
and identifying categories of intervention points or 

Tel  : +44 2031 083022

‘pinch points’. 

Mobile  : +44 7914 663166

Fax  : +44 2031 083088

E-mail  : n.bouhana@ucl.ac.uk

5.  Delivering a portfolio of requirements for the design 
of measures for the prevention, interdiction and miti-

mulate requirements for new or refined measures based 

on the categories of ‘pinch points’ previously identified, 

and validate the requirements portfolios. The work carried 

out in the third phase is necessary to ensure the project 

delivers a clear set of measure requirements, formulated 

in such a way as to be easily conveyed to end-users.

Website  : www.fp7-prime.eu

gation of lone actor extremist events across levels of 

Phase 4: “Dissemination”: we will disseminate the project’s 

intervention. 6): Delivering a portfolio of requirements 

scientific outputs to interested parties and promote the 

for communication measures directed at a diverse 

adoption of the script-based methodology and counter-

audience at each stage of the script, in coordination 

measure requirements among stakeholders. The work 

with the portfolio of counter-measures.

carried out in the last phase will be done in a manner which 

supports and encourages understanding and adoption. The 

project makes specific provision to provide end-users with 

training in the operation of key deliverables.

Description of the work

The PRIME work plan is organised in four phases. 

Phase 1: “Framework”: we will carry out the necessary 

analysis to identify the contextual factors which may 

impact the selection, design, adoption and/or implemen-

tation of counter-measures to defend against lone actor 

Security Research  Security and society / Citizens, media and securityPRIME

499

Results

» Risk assessment and management cannot be based 
on risk indicators alone, as they are context-sensitive 

PRIME combined formal modelling techniques, drawn 

from security engineering, with expertise from ecologi-

cal, social, behavioural and criminological sciences to 

» So-called “risk factors” must be combined with an 
analytical framework that makes sense of them, so 

investigate lone-actor extremists (LAEs).  

that evolving risk indicators can be recognised and 

assessed in new contexts

Key findings relate to the counter-intuitive but significant 

role of the socio-physical environment in explaining the 

Regarding communication with the public about LAEs:

radicalisation and behaviour of LAEs. In particular: the 

social lives of LAEs, the role of the web for radicalisa-

tion, maintenence of operational security and  ’leakage 

» Pre-event communications to mitigate the impact of 
active shooters was not found to increase perceived 

behaviour’ offline.

risk of terrorism, but did enhance public perception of 

security services’ preparedness and ability to provide 

PRIME’s analytical approach revealed several implications 

advice that can save lives

for risk analysis, namely that:

» Analysis of terrorist events must include considera-
tion of sequencing and timing, not just risk indicators

Pre-event communications reduced the intention to 

adopt risky behaviour during an active shooter event 

and increased the likelihood of following advice on pro-
tective behaviour

PARTNERS 

European Commission (EC) 
University College London (UCL) 
King’s College London (KCL) 
Uniwersytet Warszawski (UoW) 
Aarhus Universitet (AaU) 
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJ) 
Universiteit Leiden (UoL) 

COUNTRY

Belgium
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Poland
Denmark
Israel
The Netherlands

500

o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

-

i

n
m
z
u
K
y
r
u
Y
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

RECOBIA / Reduction of Cognitive BIAses in Intelligence Analysis

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

285010

Total Cost  

€ 4,445,420.60

EU Contribution  

€3,215,454.00

Starting Date  

01/02/2012

End Date  

31/01/2015

COMPAGNIE  

EUROPÉENNE  

D’INTELLIGENCE  

STRATÉGIQUE (CEIS)

The goal of RECOBIA (Reduction of Cognitive Biases in In-

» Identification of the intelligence activities that are 

telligence Analysis) is to improve the work of intelligence 

susceptible to cognitive biases

officers by reducing the negative effect of cognitive bi-

ases through the application of mitigation strategies that 

» Development of mitigation strategies

have been developed in the framework of the project. 

After three years, RECOBIA ended in January of 2015. 

Since all humans are subjected to cognitive biases, the 

Description of the work

RECOBIA project focused not only on intelligence ana-

lysts, but on intelligence officers in general. Thus the 

findings of RECOBIA do not apply only to intelligence 

analysts but also to all employees of intelligence services.

Cognitive biases are mental short-cuts deriving from 

One of the key successes of the RECOBIA project was 

our instinctive desire to simplify decision making by 

to raise awareness of these aspects. The research con-

Boulevard Charlemagne, 42

reducing the amount of information and uncertainty 

ducted during the three years of the project always kept 

1000 Brussels

Contact

Axel Dyèvre

we have to deal with. These biases typically operate on 

this principle in mind.

the unconscious level and result in cognitive simplifica-

tions based on memory, experience, education, cultural 

Tel  : +32 2 646 70 43

background, political or ideological beliefs. 

E-mail  : adyevre@ceis.eu

Website  : www.recobia.eu

How can an intelligence officer deliver a reliable report 

to the political decision-maker when he or she is not 

aware of the confirmation bias, an effect that makes 

the analyst disregard all information that contradicts 

one’s pre-existing opinion on the subject? The answer 

is that the intelligence analyst cannot. 

The objective of the project was to improve the qual-

ity of intelligence by reducing the impact of cognitive 

biases through the development of mitigation strate-

gies. Therefore, the partners developed the following 

research plan:

» Examination of the activities of intelligence officers

» Assessment of cognitive biases

Security Research  Security and society / Citizens, media and security 
 
 
 
RECOBIA

501

Results

All the results were validated by representatives from 

Europe’s intelligence community via six workshops. These 

RECOBIA delivered results in intelligence and the mitiga-

attracted more than 100 participants from 21 national 

tion of cognitive biases that constitute a break-through 

intelligence agencies and five European Institutions. The 

in the field. The project team deconstructed the activities 

workshops aimed at identifying the needs and require-

of intelligence officers and clustered them into key intel-

ments of professionals and to validate the developed 

ligence tasks (KITs).  Those KITs described, for the first 

solutions so as to ensure the results are applicable. 

time, what intelligence officers actually do – both from 

an intelligence as well as a psychological perspective. 

The intelligence field is not the only domain that could 

benefit from the findings of RECOBIA, however. Since 

The KITs were used to identify the situation and activities 

all humans are affected by cognitive biases, the solu-

in which cognitive biases are likely to impact intelligence 

tions have a wide range of applications in several other 

officers. Finally, the project team developed mitigation 

areas of analysis, particularly in the sectors of journal-

methodologies and strategies, which are easy to imple-

ism, banking, finance, health and consulting. A training 

ment and will boost the quality of intelligence. 

programme could be derived from the project’s findings.

PARTNERS 

Compagnie Européenne d’Intelligence Stratégique (CEIS) 
Hawk Associates Limited 
THALES SA (Thales) 
ATOS SPAIN SA 
Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA) 
ISEA PSY SAS 
EUROSINT FORUM ASBL 
Zanasi Alessandro SRL 
Universitat Konstanz 
Technische Universitaet Graz 

COUNTRY

Belgium
United Kingdom
France
Spain
France
France
Belgium
Italy
Germany
Austria

502

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

RESPECT / Rules, Expectations & Security through Privacy-Enhanced 
Convenient Technologies

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

285582

Total Cost  

€ 4,271,165

EU Contribution  

€ 3,492,687

Starting Date  

01/02/2012

End Date  

31/05/2015

Convenience and cost-effectiveness are the two key 

The  RESPECT  project  reviewed  the  effectiveness  of 

considerations for citizens and security forces when 

surveillance systems and procedures used in Europe in 

deciding which technologies to adopt or avoid. States 

preventing/reducing crime; and in tracking evidence for 

and private corporations adopt information communica-

improved prosecutions of crimes and acts of terrorism. 

tion technologies (ICTs) because they are cost-effective. 

Five key sectors - CCTV, data mining and interconnec-

ICTs are then capable of being bridged in multiple ways 

tion, social network analysis, RFID & geo-location/sensor 

to permit police/security forces to go beyond the data 

devices, financial tracking – were investigated. RESPECT 

they directly collect by tapping into data gathered and 

identified and examined the social and economic costs 

stored by private corporations. These ICTs are deemed 

involved in the adoption and implementation of these 

RIJKSUNIVERSITEIT 

GRONINGEN (RUG)

to be “in balance” if they are implemented in a way 

systems and procedures.

which respects individuals privacy while still maximis-

Faculty of Law

ing convenience, profitability, public safety and security.

RESPECT’s work determined the legal basis adopted for 

Oude Kijk in ’t Jatstraat 26

these systems and procedures, identifying best practices 

PO Box 716

RESPECT sought to investigate if current and future im-

that have evolved from the legal basis, and gaps that 

9712 EK Groningen,  

plementation of ICTs in surveillance is indeed “in balance” 

exist. RESPECT also explored (through qualitative and 

The Netherlands

and, where a lack of balance may exist or is perceived 

quantitative analysis) European citizens’ awareness/ac-

Contact

by citizens not to exist. The project explored options for 

ceptance of surveillance systems and procedures based 

Joseph Cannataci

redressing the balance through tools developed in the 

on attitudes to efficiency, economic and social costs.

Tel  : +31 50 363 5689      

project thereby enabling policy makers to understand the 

Mobile  : +356 9942 6133

socio-cultural as well as the operational and economic 

Fax  : +31 50 363 5603      

impact of surveillance systems. 

E-mail  : j.a.cannataci@rug.nl

Website  :  

www.respectproject.eu

Security Research  Security and society / Citizens, media and securityResults

c.  a brief identifying policy recommendations for action 
based on key findings of the RESPECT. Seven sets of 

RESPECT produced tools that enable policy makers to 

action are identified: i. Introducing and/or strengthen-

understand the socio-cultural as well as the operational 

ing of legislation; ii. Strategic planning and develop-

and economic impact of surveillance systems. The project 

ment; iii. Oversight & enforcement; iv. Cooperation; 

has three sets of outcomes:

v. Capacity building & training; vi. Technical matters; 

vii. Citizens’ awareness.

a.  a draft model law laying down safeguards to protect the 
fundamental rights and freedoms of individuals when 

surveillance systems are deployed, as well as when non-

surveillance data are used for the purpose of surveillance.

b.  a decision-support tool aimed policy makers about 
the introduction and/or retention of a surveillance 

system.  The tool’s innovation is that it brings together 

operational, legal, economic and social implications 

in the decision-making process.  

PARTNERS 

Rijksuniversiteit Groningen (RuG) 
University of Central Lancashire (UCLan) 
University of Ljubljana (UL) 
Laboratorio di Scienze della Cittadinanza (LSC) 
Babeș-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca (BBU) 
Universitetet i Oslo (UiO) 
Universidad de Leon (ULE) 
Law and Internet Foundation (LiF) 
Uppsala University (UU) 
Georg-August-Universitaet Goettingen Stiftung Oeffentlichen Rechts (UGOE) 
Sheffield University (SHEFU) 
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover (LUH) 
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerch (CNR) 
Universzita Komenskeho v Bratislave (FMUNIBA) 
University of Malta (UoM) 
University of Vienna (UNIVIE) 
Masarykova univerzita (MU) 
Edith Cowan University (ECU) 
International Criminal Police Organisation (INTERPOL) 

University of Westminster (UoW) 
Universitat de Barcelona (UB) 

RESPECT

503

COUNTRY

The Netherlands
United Kingdom
Slovenia
Italy
Romania
Norway
Spain
Bulgaria
Sweden
Germany
United Kingdom
Germany
Italy
Slovakia
Malta
Austria
Czech Republic
Australia
France  
(Headquarters)

United Kingdom
Spain

 
 
504

SAFIRE /  Scientific Approach to Finding Indicators for & Responses to 
Radicalisation 

E
R
I
F
A
S
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Results

241744

Total Cost  

€ 3,681,260

EU Contribution   

€ 2,906,600.95

Starting Date   

01/06/2010

End Date  

30/11/2013

NEDERLANDSE 

The key in democratic societies is to ensure citizens’ 

We developed and carried out the SAFIRE research with 

rights to free thought – even radical thought – while 

the explicit application to policy and field in mind. Some 

protecting society from the fallout of illegal actions from 

relevant practical results are:

violent radicalised groups and individuals. Successfully 

achieving this goal depends on understanding the phe-

» Intervening in the pre-violent stage of radicalisation 

nomenon of radicalisation, from its roots in thought and 

is not supported by all EU Member States

discourse to the stage where individuals go beyond it 

and engage in violent and illegal behaviour in the name 

» Various cultural factors seem to make a society more 

of their cause. 

or less susceptible to radicalisation

ORGANISATIE VOOR 

SAFIRE is an EU project started in June 2010 to explore 

» Part of the challenge of dealing with violent radicalisa-

TOEGEPAST NATUUR-

this interesting and sensitive topic. The scope of SAFIRE 

tion is separating the wheat from the chaff

WETENSCHAPPELIJK 

primarily involves groups and individuals on the extreme 

ONDERZOEK

and violent end of the radicalisation spectrum. However, 

Schoemakerstraat 97

in order to understand them and their motives, we also 

» Different types of radicalised groups have different 
characteristics and, as such, require a different ap-

need to step back and understand what happened before 

proach to deal effectively with the threat of violence 

they turned to a more violent version of their philosophy.

they pose to society

Description of the work 

Fax  : +31 346353977

In this project, we focus on two innovations in this field 

E-mail  : heather.griffioen@

of research: 

tno.nl

Website  : http ://www.safire-

project.eu

» Developing a non-linear model of the radicalisation 
process based on typologies of radical groups, cul-

» The Internet is an increasingly important environment 

for individuals on the way towards radicalisation

» Indicators of radicalisation cannot be sought in un-
changing behaviour or in any one individual behaviour

» Most successful interventions designed to prevent 
violent radicalisation tend to focus on psychological 

factors, such as self-esteem, dealing with negative 

PO Box 6060

NL-2600 JA Delft

The Netherlands

Contact 

Dr. Heather Griffioen-
Young 
Tel  : +31 346356378

tural aspects of radicalisation, observable indicators 

emotions, and reducing feelings of injustice

of radicalisation, interventions designed to reverse, 

halt or prevent the radicalisation process.

» The collection of qualitative and quantitative empiri-
cal data to test hypotheses about radicalisation and 

principles of effective interventions.

Security Research  Security and society / Citizens, media and security 
 
SAFIRE

505

PARTNERS 

Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
Stichting Forum, Instituut voor Multiculturele Ontwikkeling (FORUM) 
International Security and Counter-Terrorism Academy (ISCA) 
Rand Europe Cambridge Ltd (RAND) 
Stichting Hogeschool Utrecht (Hogeschool Utrecht) 
Bridge 129 Spa Safety and Security (Bridge) 
Compagnie europeenne d’intelligence stratégique SA (CEIS) 
Universidade de Coimbra (UC) 
Fondation pour la recherche stratégique (FRS) 
Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA) 

COUNTRY

The Netherlands
The Netherlands
Israel
United Kingdom
The Netherlands
Italy
France
Portugal
France
The Netherlands

506

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SLANDAIL /  Security System for language and image analysis

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

607691

Total Cost  

€ 3,844,488.80

EU Contribution   

€ 2,942,445.00

Starting Date   

01/04/2014

Duration  

36 months

SLANDAIL has three key objectives:

The project will begin with a comprehensive specifica-

» Collate and review the sharing and dissemination of 
disaster zone information amongst experts tasked with 

tion and analysis of end-user needs. Relevant disaster 

case studies will be identified, the existing use of social 

media in disaster management will be evaluated, the 

improving the security of citizens and property;

technology systems used by civil protection agencies 

» Create protocols to protect the rights of the citizens and 
to manage the confidentiality of the collected data and 

will be reviewed and the compliance protocols for data 

protection used by such agencies will be examined.

processed information relating to individual citizens;

The ethical and factual provenance of data and infor-

THE PROVOST, FELLOWS, 

FOUNDATION SCHOLARS 

& THE OTHER MEMBERS 

» Build and test a prototype system for collecting, pro-
cessing, aggregating and disseminating information 

mation will be ensured through examining the societal 

impact of social media in security contexts.

OF BOARD OF THE 

for disaster emergency management.

The project will then develop methods and ontologies 

COLLEGE OF THE HOLY & 

UNDIVIDED TRINITY OF 

QUEEN ELIZABETH NEAR 

DUBLIN (TCD)

Department of Computer 

Science

O’Reilly Institute, Trinity 

College

Dublin 2- Ireland

Contact 

Prof. Khurshid Ahmad

Tel  : +353 (0)1 896 8429

Mobile  :  

+353 (0)87 9757669 

Fax  : +353 (0)1 677 2204

E-mail  : kahmad@scss.tcd.ie

Website  : www.cs.tcd.ie/

khurshid.ahmad

for extraction and analysis of multilingual textual and 

speech data and images from social media. Software 

systems for text and image analytics will subsequently 

be evaluated and integrated to produce a final demon-

strator. The performance and communicability of this 

system will be tested and evaluated. 

Results

SLANDAIL (Security System for language and image 

analysis) synthesized expertise in emergency manage-

ment, text and image analytics, communication, ethics 

and law to leverage social media data for citizens in 

vulnerable areas, supported by a customised Licence 

Agreement.

Security Research  Security and society / Citizens, media and security 
SLANDAIL

507

It created a prototype that integrates social media input 

security. Results from legal research were published by 

from text and image into disaster management control 

Cambridge University Press in the form of a book, Social 

room software. The system incorporated advances in 

Computing and the Law (2018).

text and image analytics by using research from four 

universities and in-put from two SMEs. It was specified 

SLANDAIL’s results were presented to disaster manag-

and tested by police forces (Ireland and UK), army re-

ers in Ireland, Northern Ireland, Germany and Italy and 

serves (Germany), civil protection authorities (Italy) and 

evaluated by experts in emergency planning (Business 

media communications experts (Ireland). 

Continuity Institute, Emergency Planning Society, Ma-

SLANDAIL developed response tools to operate within 

completion, Trinity College Dublin began to explore the 

an ethical framework. Our legal research culminated in 

potential for commercialising the results.

jor Emergency Management). Following the project’s 

the development of a model licence agreement – the 

first of its kind – for a social media analysis system for 

disaster response. It ensures that the system’s operation 

complies with the EU’s General Data Protection Regula-

tion, and with human rights law related to privacy and 

PARTNERS 

The Provost, Fellow, Foundation Scholars and the Other Members of Board of the College  
of the Holy & Undivided Trinity of Queen Elizabeth near Dublin (TCD) 
Institut for Angewandte Informatik e.V. (INFAI) 
University of Ulster (Ulster) 
Universita Degli Studi di Padova (UNIPD) 
CID GmBH (CID) 
Stillwater Communications Limited(Stillwater) 
Centre for Irish and European Security Limited (CIES) 
Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) 
Datapiano  SRL (DataPiano) 
Bundesministerium der Verteidigung (BLS) 
Pintail Ltd (PT) 
An Garda Siochana 

COUNTRY

Ireland 

Germany
United Kingdom
Italy
Germany
Ireland
Ireland
United Kingdom
Italy
Germany
Ireland
Ireland

508

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SOTERIA /  Online and Mobile Communications for Emergencies

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

606796

Total Cost  

€ 5 098 793,23 

EU Contribution   

€ 3,971,177.60 

Starting Date   

01/09/2014

Duration  

30 months

TEKEVER + (TEK)

Rua das Musas 3.30

1990-113 – Lisboa

 Portugal

Contact 

Pedro Sinogas  

Tel  : +351 213 304 300

Mobile  : +351 938 358 560 

Fax  : +351 213 304 301

E-mail  :  

Soteria.coordination@

tekever.com

Website  : www.soteria.i112.eu 

SOTERIA will develop recommendations and a toolbox 

The project will research the impact of social media in 

to increase the impact that social media can play in 

emergencies and develop a SOTERIA prototype, com-

emergencies, enabling public safety organizations (PSOs) 

prising:

and citizens to communicate before, during and after an 

emergency event. Empowered by mobile phones with 

» SOTERIA recommendations on guidelines and courses 

cameras, text messaging and internet-based applica-

of action for PSOs and citizens;

tions that connect to social media, citizens expect PSOs 

to use the same technologies. 

» A SOTERIA toolbox that integrates emergency-related 
ICT tools and functionality (e.g., social media tools and 

mobile applications) to offer additional communication 

channels between PSOs and citizens and enhance high-

quality situational awareness for PSOs and citizens in 

emergencies.

SOTERIA will innovate by allowing the (i) understanding 

of the impact of social media in emergency management 

systems; (ii) use of all communication channels in emer-

gency situations, including social media, (iii) exploitation of 

the ubiquity of mobile platforms to locate and effectively 

communicate with citizens in distress; and (iv) leverage 

the levels of shared awareness and performance of PSOs 

that benefit from social media information.

Results

SOTERIA developed recommendations and a toolbox to 

leverage the positive impact that social media can play in 

emergencies, enabling public safety organisations (PSOs) 

and citizens to communicate before, during and after an 

emergency event.  SOTERIA researched the impact of 

social and mobile media on emergency management for 

effectively responding to emergencies in pre-, on-going 

and post-event phases as well as the capacity of citizens 

to take an active role in emergency response. PSOs must 

receive timely, accurate and reliable information from 

citizens through social and mobile media to decide on 

appropriate actions. 

Security Research  Security and society / Citizens, media and securitySOTERIA

509

Throughout its execution, SOTERIA carried out a number 

Based on these results, SOTERIA defined a three-pronged 

of tabletop and field exercises with the direct involvement 

commercialisation approach and prepared six business 

of first responders to identify needs and requirements 

offers based on its proposed innovations. A core result 

and to test SOTERIA’s proposed solutions. Applying its 

was describing clearly SOTERIA differentiators in com-

“THEO” approach, SOTERIA developed sets of recom-

parison to previous projects and current market offerings. 

mendations at the technological, human, ethical, and 

organisational levels. The project proposed a concept of 

operations for PSOs focused on the use of social media, 

assessed the impact and receptiveness of citizens to 

the use of social media by PSOs, and developed seven 

applications (for citizen and PSO use) and four tools 

to help PSOs identify, locate, and assess emergencies. 

PARTNERS 

TEKEVER (TEK) 
 Ambulance and Emergency Physicians Association (AAHD) 
  Area7 srl (AREA7) 
 Ministério da Administração Interna (GNR) 
  Deveryware (DEVERYWARE) 
  Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald (EMAUG) 
  Pelastusopisto, Emergency Services College (ESC) 
  Helse Bergen HF*Haukeland University Hospital (HUS) 
 ITTI Sp Zoo (ITTI) 
 Police and Crime Commissioner for North Yorkshire (PCCNY) 
  Poliisiammattikorkeakoulu (POLAMK) 
 Pole Pilote de Securite Locale (PPSL) 
  Kuopion Kaupunki (PSPELA) 
 The Provost, Fellows, Foundation Scholars & the Other Members of Board of the College 
of the Holy & Undivided Trinity of Queen Elizabeth near Dublin (TCD) 
Thales SA (THALES) 
 Ita-Suomen Yliopisto (UEF) 
 Zanasi Alessandro SRL (ZANASI) 
SPARK SRL 

COUNTRY

Portugal
Turkey
Italy
Portugal
France
Germany
Finland
Norway
Poland
United Kingdom
Finland
France
Finland
Ireland  

France
Finland
Italy
Italy

510

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SUPER /  Social sensors for secUrity Assessments and Proactive 
EmeRgencies management

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

606853

Total Cost  

€4,252,770.40

EU Contribution   

€ 3,117,318.00

Starting Date   

01/04/2014

Duration  

36 months

The main goal of the SUPER project is to research and 

The SUPER consortium has devised a 36-month work 

implement a holistic integrated approach to using social 

plan for its objectives. This is organized into nine major 

media in emergencies and security incidents. This will 

work areas. The work areas can be clustered into three 

operate at multiple time-scales while providing several 

categories:

security and emergency management functionalities. 

The SUPER approach will exploit social media informa-

tion to assess citizens’ behaviours and attitude before, 

1.  Horizontal work packages spanning the whole dura-
tion of the project which are pertinent to all activities 

during and after security or emergency incidents. This 

of SUPER. 

information will be integrated into tools serving both the 

VITROCISET S.P.A. 

strategic and the tactical level of security/emergency 

(VITRO)

management, thus facilitating security operators and 

2.  Technological development work packages, dealing 
with the project’s core of research and technology 

Business Unit Homeland 

civil protection officers in a variety of tasks. These in-

development (RTD) areas such as algorithms and 

Security  

Via Tiburtina 

1020

clude: intelligence gathering and strategic planning, real-

techniques for social media analysis and development 

time  management of security operations, generation 

of a modular plug-n’-play architecture for SUPER’s 

of a common operational picture (COP) and other tasks. 

framework.

00156 – Rome - Italy

SUPER’s technologies will be validated in two distinct 

Contact 

Marco Cosentino

scenarios, one dealing with emergency management 

during (natural or man-made) disasters and the other 

3.  Integration, validation, testing and evaluation activities 
whose main goal is to enable an early launch of the 

Tel  : +39 06 8820 4316 

with police services. 

project’s integration and applications developments 

Fax  : +39 06 8820 6189

E-mail  : 

m.cosentino@vitrociset.it

Website  : www.vitrociset.it

by remedying potential problems.

Security Research  Security and society / Citizens, media and securitySUPER

511

Results

credibility of the information, and provide real-time re-

ports on the situation at hand. To meet the time-critical 

SUPER created a plug-and-play architecture in which 

constraints of emergency management, our algorithms 

social media analytics components of different types can 

learn common patterns from social media data collected 

be integrated to support automatic data enrichment and 

during similar past events, and build predictive models 

information extraction by emergency service practitioner.

that can be applied in real-time when a new crisis hits. 

The richness of social media poses both a problem and 

The consortium organised several stakeholder events to 

an opportunity for emergency services. First responders 

gather comments and feedback from various experts 

need reliable information, and that from social media 

and professionals of civil protection and law enforcement 

cannot be used directly. It needs additional processing 

agencies. They also carried out a number of validation 

to evaluate its reliability, as well as its correlation with 

exercises, using either simulations or real data.

events and groups likely to be involved in the event.

Some of stakeholders already use social media in their 

Emergency services usually rely on information coming 

work and were very eager to get more tools to help 

through emergency lines, however, which are then medi-

them exploit this source of information. Their feedback 

ated by officers. As such, social media could be considered 

was also very useful for identifying new requirements, 

a natural evolution of these emergency lines – as long 

some of which were related to far-reaching issues such 

as tools can filter information and classify it.

as enlarging the pool of information sources or updat-
ing regulations. 

SUPER’s components automatically detect events, per-

form sentiment analysis, make predictions about the 

PARTNERS 

Vitrociset S.p.A. (VITRO) 
University of Glasgow (GLA) 
Institute of Communication and Computer Systems/National Technical University of Athens (ICCS/NTUA) 
Sensing & Control Systems S.L. (S&C) 
Civil Protection Service of Campania Region (Regione Campania) 
Fundació Barcelona Media -Yahoo! Research (BM-Yahoo!) 
SENSAP Swiss AG  (SENSAP) 
IN2 Search interfaces development ltd (IN2) 
Inspectoratul General al Politiei Romane (IGPR) 

COUNTRY

Italy
United Kingdom
Greece
Spain
Italy
Spain
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Romania

512

e

l
l
i

e
v
r
u
S
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SURVEILLE / Surveillance : Ethical Issues, Legal Limitations,  
and Efficiency

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

284725

Total Cost  

€ 4,382,719.80

EU Contribution  

€ 3,382,354

Starting Date  

01/02/2012

Duration  

39 months

SURVEILLE systematically reviews the impacts of differ-

SURVEILLE is an interdisciplinary programme of re-

ent surveillance systems, and also helps manufacturers 

search that will help decision makers to make better 

and end-users better develop and deploy these systems. 

choices concerning the development, deployment and 

It is a multidisciplinary project combining law, ethics, 

use of surveillance technologies. SURVEILLE conducts 

sociology and technology analysis. SURVEILLE assesses 

a comprehensive survey of surveillance systems and 

surveillance technology for its effectiveness in fighting 

technologies that are currently used in Europe or that 

crime and terrorism and its social and economic costs ; 

are likely to be introduced and addresses the legal limits 

it will assess perceptions of surveillance in the general 

on surveillance and the ethical issues it raises. It will also 

public and certain identified target groups. SURVEILLE 

assess the effectiveness of surveillance technologies 

EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY 

addresses legal limitations on the use of surveillance 

in improving security. SURVEILLE examines perceptions 

INSTITUTE

technologies as well as ethical constraints. SURVEILLE 

of surveillance and surveillance technologies amongst 

Research Administration

analyses the potential of ‘privacy by design’ and privacy-

the general public and specific target groups, and in-

Via dei Roccettini 9, San 

enhancing technologies in the context of surveillance 

forms decision-makers and other relevant stakeholders 

Domenico Di Fiesole

50014 Firenze, Italy

Contact

systems and interacts with technology developers and 

about the public acceptability of these technologies. 

manufacturers through a systematically delivered advi-

Interactions between SURVEIILLE and developers and 

sory service. SURVEILLE engages with law enforcement 

end-users will help manufacturers to adapt their systems 

Ms. Serena Scarselli

officials to seek their feedback as results emerge from 

to public concerns, and will help users to deploy systems 

Tel  : +39 055 4685 204

the research. The project aims at wide dissemination, in-

more effectively. SURVEILLE builds upon the work of 

Fax  : +39 055 4685 293

cluding amongst European and national decision-makers 

DETECTER – an FP7 Security funded project involving 

E-mail  :  

and will contribute to the field of training of judges, 

some of the members of this consortium that success-

serena.scarselli@eui.eu

prosecutors and the police. 

Website  : www.surveille.eu

fully experimented with the use of closed meetings be-

tween law enforcement officials, technology developers 

and human rights lawyers and ethicists to discuss how 

products could be developed in line with human rights 

and ethical standards. SURVEILLE further innovates by 

piloting an advisory service for technology developers 

using teleconferencing for virtual meetings and a tel-

ephone help-line as a potential advance in best practice. 

The concerns of technology developers will also serve 

as an input to research on ethical and legal constraints ; 

here SURVEILLE also adds value to other projects funded 

under FP7 Security calls. SURVEILLE’s interaction with 

technology developers, end-users and the data gained 

on perceptions of surveillance will be combined with 

the theoretical research to produce the best possible 

academic input for policy makers. SURVEILLE includes 

cutting edge expertise in ethics and human rights law.

Security Research  Security and society / Citizens, media and security 
SURVEILLE

513

Results

SURVEILLE provides a comprehensive survey of sur-

veillance technology deployed in Europe and appraises 

security concerns, economic cost, public perceptions, and 

infringement of fundamental rights, and examines the 

legal and ethical issues of surveillance technology in the 

prevention, investigation and prosecution of terrorism 

and other serious crimes. SURVEILLE will continuously 

communicate  results  with  stakeholders  -  European  

decision-makers, law enforcement, local authorities and 

technology developers - and receive feedback to inform 

ongoing research.

PARTNERS 

EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE (EUI) 
UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM (UOB) 
RAOUL WALLENBERG INSTITUTE OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMANITARIAN LAW (RWI) 
TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT DELFT (TU DELFT) 
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer-IOSB) 
UNIVERSITE LIBRE DE BRUXELLES (ULB) 
FORUM EUROPEEN POUR LA SECURITE URBAINE (EFUS) 
MERSEYSIDE POLICE AUTHORITY (MERPOL) 
ALBERT-LUDWIGS-UNIVERSITAET FREIBURG (ALU-FR) 

COUNTRY

Italy
United Kingdom
Sweden
The Netherlands
Germany
Belgium
France
United Kingdom
Germany

514

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

TRACE / TRafficking as A Criminal Enterprise

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

607669

Total Cost  

€ 1,126,383.65 

EU Contribution  

€ 1,006,492.37

Starting Date  

01/05/2014

Duration  

24 months

TRACE aimedto help stakeholders disrupt the trafficking 

TRACE will use case studies from European countries 

of human beings (THB). It has developed a state-of-the-

to investigate the trafficking industry in detail. It cre-

art understanding of criminal, social, economic, psycho-

ates a conceptual map of the THB industry to develop 

logical and political processes that make the trafficking 

a preliminary understanding of the way in which THB 

industry what it is. Key objectives include: 

has been defined and framed in Europe (WP1). It seeks 

1.  Develop a theory-driven understanding of trafficking 

ness and the broader organized crime trade (WP1). It 

to understand the relationship between the THB busi-

as a criminal enterprise; 

looks at the geographical and modus operandi trends 

within the industry (WP 2). TRACE examines the specific 

TRILATERAL RESEARCH 

LTD (TRI)

Kush Wadhwa

2.  Acquire a part-theory, part-evidence-based under-
standing of the specific characteristics of the traffick-

characteristics of individuals involved in the trafficking 

industry and the relationships between them (WP3). An 

ers: who are they? why do they become traffickers? 

examination of factors that have influenced the operation 

Crown House, 72 Hammer-

and why do some victims become traffickers? Lastly, 

of the trafficking industry (WP4 & WP5), including: the 

smith Road

to understand the nature of the interaction amongst, 

role of technology, economic and political factors. Based 

W14 8TH, London, UK

traffickers, victims and third parties who facilitate THB; 

on this analysis TRACE will identify future trends in THB. 

Contact

Kush Wadhwa  

Tel  : +44 (0) 207 559 3550

Mobile  :  

3.  Develop a framework of factors influencing the current 
and future trends in trafficking of human beings; and

The findings will be used to develop policy recommenda-

tions for stakeholders and to develop a handbook for 

those working towards combatting THB (WP6).

+44 (0)7765 820366

Fax  : +44 (0) 207 559 3551

4.  Develop a theory-driven understanding of current 
policies and provide a framework of policy actions 

E-mail  : Kush.wadhwa@

available for stakeholders.

trilateralresearch.com

Website  :  

www.trilateralresearch.com

Security Research  Security and society / Citizens, media and securityTRACE

515

Results

measures, the TRACE team looked at who the traffickers 

are (data collected from 334 traffickers), analysed their 

The trafficking of human beings remains one of the fast-

business incentives and models as well as their modus 

est-growing crimes, affecting people worldwide. TRACE 

operandi in the recruitment, transportation, harbour-

(Trafficking As a Criminal Enterprise) adopted a holistic 

ing and exploitation of trafficked persons and, finally, 

approach to tackling the trafficking of human beings 

examined the tools and socio-political events that can 

by working with a broad range of actors including law 

prevent such trafficking.

enforcement, prosecutors and civil society organisations. 

The project supported key stakeholders in combating 

to assist policy makers, law enforcement agencies and 

and disrupting human trafficking by assessing and con-

civil society organisations in their efforts to combat and 

solidating information surrounding the perpetrators and 

prevent the trafficking of human beings in Europe. Ten 

wider trafficking activity. It focused on all forms of human 

overarching recommendations were highlighted in the 

Findings from the project fed into recommendations 

trafficking and reviewed the problem from different an-

TRACE handbook. 

gles to obtain a clearer picture of the crime as a whole. 

To understand the issue and ensure effective European 

PARTNERS 

Trilateral Research Ltd (TRI) 
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) 
Stichting Katholieke Universiteit Brabant Universiteit Van Tilburg (TiU) 
The Council of the Baltic Sea States Secretariat (CBSS TF-THB) 
Agentia Nationala Impotriva Traficului de Persoane (ANITP) 
Cyprus Police (CY POL – THB) 
The International La Strada Association (LSI) 
Animus Association Foundation (AAF) 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
Belgium
The Netherlands
Sweden
Romania
Cyprus
The Netherlands
Bulgaria

516

.

m
o
c
o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

-

v
o
k
i
n
n
e
l
s
a
M
y
e
r
d
n
A
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

r
o
t
a
n
i
d
r
o
r
t
o
a
o
n
C
d
r
o
o
C

i

ADDPRIV /  Automatic Data relevancy Discrimination for  
a PRIVacy-sensitive video surveillance 

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

261653

Total Cost  

€ 4,077,720.40

EU Contribution  

€ 2,818,338

Starting Date  

01/02/2011

End Date  

31/03/2014

The ADDPRIV project proposed novel knowledge and 

eration of new algorithms for Automatic Data Rel-

developments to better comply with citizens’ privacy 

evancy Discrimination capable of reconstructing the 

rights through limiting the storage of unnecessary data 

route followed by a suspicious person throughout a 

throughout existing multicamera networks. 

camera network, automatically triggered by smart 

surveillance algorithms and capable of adapting to 

It addressed the challenge of determining in a precise and 

different scenarios;

reliable manner private data captured by video surveillance 

systems that are not relevant from a security perspective.

» Intelligent storage and secure deletion technolo-
gies : development of intelligent storage algorithms 
and methodologies for the automatic browsing and 

ANOVA IT CONSULTING, 

ADDPRIV proposed solutions for automatic discrimination 

SL

of relevant data recorded on a multicamera network, 

retrieval of all the relevant data related to a suspi-

Avda. Punto Mobi, 4 - 

related to an individual whose suspicious behaviour trig-

cious event (automatic processes that avoid a manual 

Parque Científico Tecnoló-

gered an alert. Relevant data not only corresponds to 

handling of the recorded images that lead to privacy 

gico de la Universidad de 

video scenes capturing individuals’ suspicious behaviour 

infringements) ; development of secure erase technolo-

Alcalá

(smart video surveillance), but also automatically extract-

gies specific for SSDs to be applied on images that are 

28805 – Alcalá de Henares  

ing images of these individuals recorded before and after 

not relevant from a security perspective;

Spain

Contact

Paolo D’Arminio

Tel  : +34 918 305 977

the suspicious event and across the surveillance network.

Description of the work

» Implementation  and  validation  of  developed 
solutions in a real life scenario : design and im-
plementation of the developed solution in a real ap-

Mobile  : +34 634 933 543

The project was divided into 8 work packages, 6 devoted 

plication context along with the already existing video 

Fax  : +34 918 305 928

to R&D and 2 devoted to Management Activities:

surveillance systems;

E-mail  : paolo.darminio@

anovagroup.es

Website  : www.addpriv.eu

» Requirements for better compliance with pri-
vacy rights : precise definition of all legal and ethical 
specifications that the solution has to fulfil ; preliminary 

» Analysis of the impact of the proposed solutions 
on human rights and organizational processes : 
analysis of ADDPRIV’s impact on the organizations 

definition of the system compliance with citizens’ pri-

involved in surveillance and security in order to look 

vacy evaluating criteria;

» Definition of technical specifications : detailed 
definition of the ADDPRIV solution’s technical specifi-

cations ; definition of the standards to be used in order 

for possible amendments to the technological solution ; 

development of a strong and detailed understanding 

of the current public concerns with privacy, security 

and surveillance in order to address them; 

to ensure interoperability ; precise definition of the real 

» Project Coordination and Quality Management;

life scenarios for testing;

» Dissemination, Exploitation and Ethical Manage-

» Data relevancy discrimination algorithms : gen 

ment.

Security Research  Security and society / Ethics and Justice 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ADDPRIV

517

Results

erations are eliminated, thus contributing to the respect 

of values of human dignity, freedom, and equality for 

ADDPRIV  offers  an  innovative  approach  to  security 

minorities.

through the implementation of technologies for pri-

vacy-sensitive video surveillance in public places, with 

ADDPRIV has strong potential for improving the social 

automatic data relevancy discrimination, and intelligent 

acceptability of video surveillance technologies due to its 

storage according to an image’s relevancy. 

inclusion of the value and importance of privacy along-

Images considered by the system as irrelevant (not 

and system operators can be more efficient and increase 

associated with security sensitive events) are deleted 

customer satisfaction by meeting the expectations of 

according to the highest security standards, in order to 

maintaining security without an intrusive instrument in 

ensure that citizens’ privacy rights are preserved dur-

their private life sphere.

side enhanced security. At the same time, organisations 

ing. Moreover, by strongly limiting the intervention of 

CCTV operators, consequences such as having ethnical 

subgroups be the focus of attention of surveillance op-

PARTNERS 

ANOVA IT CONSULTING, SL  
KINGSTON UNIVERSITY HIGHER EDUCATION CORPORATION 
POLITECHNIKA GDANSKA 
LANCASTER UNIVERSITY 
AVANZIT TECNOLOGIA, S.L. 
HEWLETT PACKARD ITALIANA SRL 
SOCIETA PER AZIONI ESERCIZI AEROPORTUALI SEA SPA 
Renfe Operadora 
THE PROVOST FELLOWS & SCHOLARS OF THE COLLEGE OF THE HOLY  
AND UNDIVIDED TRINITY OF QUEEN ELIZABETH NEAR DUBLIN 

COUNTRY

Spain 
United Kingdom
Poland
United Kingdom
Spain
Italy
Italy
Spain

Ireland

518

.

m
o
c
o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

-

a
s
s
a
b
a
r
r
e
s

a
v
e
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

ALTERNATIVE /Developing alternative understandings of security and 

justice through restorative justice approaches in intercultural settings within democratic societies 

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

285368

Total Cost  

€ 4,354,777.60

EU Contribution  

€ 3,423,262

Starting Date  

01/02/2012

Duration  

48 months

KATHOLIEKE  

UNIVERSITEIT LEUVEN 

(KU LEUVEN)

Leuven Institute of Crimino-

The overall objective of this project is to provide an alter-

The project is set up in different work-packages (WP). Three 

native and deepened understanding based on empirical 

work-packages focus on the theoretical development of 

evidence of how to handle conflicts within intercultural 

the concepts : WP1 will: critically analyse the existing epis-

contexts in democratic societies in order to set up se-

temologies of thinking, talking about, and doing justice 

curity solutions for citizens and communities. From this 

in current democratic societies, especially in relation to 

general objective several specific objectives are derived :

the discourse on human security ; offer a new theoretical 

» To develop a coherent theoretical framework for an 
alternative understanding of security and justice, 

understanding based on alternative epistemologies on 

how to tackle conflict, especially in intercultural settings 

in a constructive and transformative way ; and analyse RJ 

as an alternative academic and policy oriented discourse 

» To develop empirically applicable knowledge on conflict 
and conflict transformation in intercultural settings, 

to the current dominant discourses on justice and human 

security. WP2 will: undertake an analysis of ‘conflict’ in 

logy (LINC)

Hooverplein 10

» To design, apply and evaluate concrete action models 
in four different intercultural conflict settings, based on 

intercultural contexts, conflict transformation mechanisms 

and security perceptions ; study the role of dialogical pro-

cesses and possible contributions from civil society in 

3000 Leuven, Belgium

an alternative understanding of justice and security 

conflict transformation at individual and societal level ; 

Contact

Prof. dr. Ivo Aertsen

Tel  : +32 16 32 5277

Fax  : +32 16 32 5463

E-mail  :  

and on existing restorative justice (RJ) models, and 

study the role of gender and age in conflict resolution 

» To analyse the findings from the four pilot settings in 
a comparative way and to advance knowledge by in-

cesses in an intercultural context at three different levels 

(micro-meso-macro) in four different settings. WP3 will 

tegrating the empirical results into theoretical insights 

study the existing RJ models and their potential application 

approaches ; and investigate conflict transformative pro-

Ivo.Aertsen@law.kuleuven.be

and by adapting the latter where appropriate.

and relevance to conflicts in an intercultural context and 

Website  :  

http://www.alternativeproject. 

eu/

possible implications for European policies.

Four more practice-oriented WPs will apply action research 

in different settings. WP4 : Dealing with everyday conflicts 

at the micro-level between local residents and residents 

with migrant backgrounds in public/social housing (Vienna) ; 

WP5 : Dealing with meso-level conflicts in a small town 

with tensions between Roma and non-Roma inhabitants 

(Hungary) ; WP6 : Dealing with interethnic conflicts at 

meso- and macro-level (Serbia) ; and WP7 : Dealing with 

civil conflicts at meso- and macro-level (Northern Ireland).

WP 8, 9 and 10 deal respectively with comparative re-

search, dissemination of the results, and the management 

of the whole project.

Security Research  Security and society / Ethics and Justice 
 
 
 
ALTERNATIVE

519

Results

understanding, trust building and cooperation. The no-

tion of justice in intercultural settings was shown to 

ALTERNATIVE developed new understandings of justice 

be meaningful to citizens whose experiences of justice 

and security through restorative justice approaches in 

could be built from the bottom-up through dialogue. Safe 

intercultural settings. Four diverse case studies were 

spaces have to be created gradually in order to make 

created involving Austria, Hungary, Northern Ireland 

this quality of exchange possible, leading to just and 

and Serbia. Here, citizens’ participation was carried out 

secure environments. The leading theoretical concepts, 

through action research where theory and action entered 

main findings and comparative framework are discussed 

into a mutually interactive relationship. A comparative 

in a series of papers (www.alternativeproject.eu) and 

research method was developed using a web-based 

in two published volumes (Pali, B. & Aertsen, I. (eds.) 

system of data collection and qualitative analysis. 

(2018). Restoring Justice and Security in Intercultural 

The project reviewed how security refers to personal 

& Aertsen, I. (eds.) (2018). Action Research in Criminal 

safety but also to socio-economic conditions, and how 

Justice. Restorative Justice Approaches in Intercultural 

technical and institutional approaches to security can be 

settings. Abingdon/New York: Routledge).

replaced with, or complemented by, forms of relational 

Europe. Abingdon/New York: Routledge; Vanfraechem, I. 

PARTNERS 

Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven) 
Institute for the Sociology of Law and Criminology (IRKS) 
European Forum for Restorative Justice (EFRJ) 
Foresee Research Group (Foresee) 
Norwegian Social Research (NOVA) 
Victimology Society of Serbia (VDS) 
University of Ulster (UU) 

COUNTRY

Belgium
Austria
Belgium
Hungary
Norway
Serbia
Northern Ireland

520

o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
S

i

-

t
e

i
l

V
r
e
d

n
a
v

n

j
i
r
e
M
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

COREPOL / Conflict Resolution, Mediation and Restorative Justice 
and the Policing of Ethnic Minorities in Germany, Austria, and Hungary

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

285166

Total Cost  

€ 1,775,192 

EU Contribution  

€ 1,429,681 

Starting Date  

01/01/2012

Duration  

36 months

GERMAN POLICE  

UNIVERSITY 

The proposed research will use a comparative design 

The extent and cultural particularities of RJ programs 

(Germany, Austria, Hungary) to establish whether bet-

and their affiliation to the criminal justice system will be 

ter police - minority relations can be achieved through 

ascertained. Then, specific minority populations (Turks 

means of a Restorative Justice (RJ) approach. 

in Germany, Roma in Hungary, Africans in Austria) will 

be examined in regard to the country’s security context. 

The main objective of the COREPOL project will be:

The involvement of police in RJ programs for minor-

» To provide a basis for coordinated research activities 
in the area of police-minority relations using a com-

ity populations will be explored. Finally, the proposed 

research will exemplify the scope of RJ approaches for 

the improvement of police-minority communication and 

parative method of data analysis ; the findings will 

interaction. Based on the legality principle and on an 

further police science research in this crucial area of 

inquisitorial civil law tradition of policing and criminal 

Police Science Department

peace building as part of a democratic process within 

justice, the partner countries’ legal and policing systems 

Zum Roten Berge 18-24

European societies;

differ substantially from the Anglo-American-Australian 

hemisphere of restorative justice.

D-48165 Münster, Germany

Contact

Professor Joachim 

Kersten

» To address the practical issue of effective dissemina-
tion of research findings to improve police-minority 

interaction making use of the realm of police tertiary 

Tel  : +49 2501 806295

education and in-service staff training but also involv-

Mobile  : +49 172 260 3860

ing other agencies including NGOs;

Fax  : +49 2501 806 226

E-mail  :  

Joachim.Kersten@dhpol.de

» To serve as a principal network for a practice oriented 
dissemination of RJ strategies and peace building in 

Website  : www.corepol.eu

the conflict zone of police and minorities. In the area 

of police education, this concerns CEPOL course cur-

ricula (e.g. TOPSCOP) and course material and curricula 

for similar influential target groups, and also civil and 

public sector agencies.

Security Research  Security and society / Ethics and Justice 
 
 
 
 
 
COREPOL

521

Results

It is one of the objectives of the proposed research to 

spread basic knowledge about the concept of RJ, its 

practical implementation, its varieties across the legal 

cultures, and its impact on different security contexts, 

the policing in general, and the policing of minorities 

in particular : RJ’s potential for handling conflicts and 

peace building within democratic societies. The findings 

will have a wider impact on the Central and Eastern EU 

situation. The research will include open questions of 

gender, age and cultural compatibility of RJ.

PARTNERS 

German Police University (DHPOL) 
Rendőrtiszti Főiskola (RTF) 
Bundesministerium für Inneres (SIAK) 
Verein für Rechts- und Kriminalsoziologie (IRKS) 
European Research Services GmbH (ERS) 

COUNTRY

Germany
Hungary
Austria
Austria
Germany

522

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

k
u
h
c
b
o
k
a
Y

.

V
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

DETECTER / Detection technologies, ethics, human rights and terrorism 

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Results 

217862

Total Cost  

€ 2,424,419 

EU Contribution  

€ 1,869,684 

Starting Date  

01/12/2008

End Date  

31/01/2012

The overall objective of DETECTER was to identify appro-

DETECTER conducted a comprehensive review of the 

priate human rights, legal and moral standards for detec-

latest developments in detection technologies, resulting 

tion technologies in counter-terrorism. This assessment 

in five technology review reports, a series of day-long 

took into account the effectiveness of these technologies 

meetings with technology developers and users, and 

as judged by law enforcement bodies responsible for 

focus-groups with counter-terrorism professionals. The 

counter-terrorism, and other relevant authorities.

feedback and analysis of these groups will be released 

DETECTER aimed to do this in three ways:

in academic publications. 

A further series of research papers examined the ethi-

UNIVERSITY  

OF BIRMINGHAM

Dept. of Philosophy, School 

of Social Sciences

Edgbaston

» by surveying current and foreseeable applications of 

cal norms of counter-terrorism, including the extent of 

detection technologies in counter-terrorism;

intrusion that can be justified for investigating terrorist 

» by conducting legal and philosophical research into the 
implications of human rights and ethics for counter-

threats and the moral hazards of profiling as a counter-

terrorism tool. One paper on the ethics of special inves-

tigative techniques has already been published and one 

B15 2TT BIRMINGHAM

terrorism, and the use in counter-terrorism of technolo-

proposing a novel theory of privacy is in the process 

United Kingdom

gies for the surveillance, identification or tracking of 

of being published, both in academic journals. Another 

Contact

Tom Sorell

people and places; and

study, focused on border security ethics and the rights of 

refugees, will also be released via academic publication.

Tel  : +44 121 414 8443

» by engaging directly and continuously with developers 

Fax  : +44 121 414 8453

and users of detection technologies.

Yet another of DETECTER’s studies examined permissible 

E-mail  : t.sorell@bham.ac.uk

Website  :  

www.detecter.bham.ac.uk

limitations to the human right of privacy and recom-

mended six universal safeguards that should be adopted 

to avoid abuses of power when undertaking surveillance. 

These include categories of offence liable for surveil-

lance investigation, limitations on data dissemination 

and storage, and guarantees of due process. 

Other work packages focused on data mining and elec-

tronic surveillance of internet activity. New insights were 

gained by assessing relevant practices in EU Member 

States and comparing them against US case studies. 

The findings fed into a series of research meetings on 

the judicial implications of such technology in counter-

terrorism activities, including the need for a regular re-

view of practices by national courts and the UN Human 

Rights Committee. 

Security Research  Security and society / Ethics and Justice 
 
 
 
DETECTER

523

Many of these reports, including multi-media presenta-

tions and digestible summaries of key research findings, 

are available for public review and discussion on the 

DETECTER project website - http://www.detecter.bham.

ac.uk/index.html

PARTNERS 

University of Birmingham 
Åbo Akademi University 
University of Nottingham 
University of Zurich 
University of Oslo, Centre for Human Rights 
Raoul Wallenberg Institute of Human Rights and Humanitarian Law 
Danish Institute for Human Rights 
European University Institute 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom 
Finland
United Kingdom
Switzerland
Norway
Sweden 
Denmark
Italy

524

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-
e
d
i
s
y
a
u
q
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

INEX / Converging and conflicting ethical values in the internal/external 
security continuum in Europe    

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives 

Results 

218265

Total Cost  

€ 2,422,082 

EU Contribution  

€ 1,890,248 

Starting Date  

01/04/2008

End Date  

31/03/2011

This project set out to analyse the value assumptions 

INEX’s research concluded that ethical concerns and 

and ethical consequences of the internal/external security 

the value assumptions should play a central role in the 

continuum in Europe of trans-border security initiatives. 

formation of European security policy. 

Its goal was to better understanding the role of  values 

in security measures and to frame recommendations for 

The study of internal and external security measures 

strengthening the coherence, effectiveness and justice 

suggests the need for careful consideration of the ethical 

of security policy in the EU. 

assumptions behind security technological, for new inter-

pretations of conventional legal documents, for attention 

INTERNATIONAL PEACE 

and geopolitical research axes. The thematic axes ex-

als and the shifting forces of the foreign policy arena. 

The work of INEX project was designed around thematic 

to the values informing the work of security profession-

RESEARCH INSTITUTE

plored four fields of knowledge relating to value-laden 

Hausmannsgate 7 

tensions that arise from internal/external security con-

The project’s results indicate that these new needs have 

NO-0186 Oslo 

tinuum:  

Norway

Contact

J. Peter Burgess

Tel  : +47 22 54 77 00

Fax  : +47 22 54 77 01

consequences for the external policing policies of the 

EU in an age of rapid security sector reform. The ambi-

» ethical consequences of the proliferation of security 

tions of the EU’s European Neighbourhood Policy and 

technologies;

Mediterranean policies have been challenged by inad-

equate attention to the geopolitical, cultural, religious 

» legal  dilemmas  linked  to  transnational  security  

and economic dimensions of rapidly changing events. 

E-mail  : peter@prio.no

arrangements;

Website  :  

The project’s results suggest that security cannot be 

http://www.inexproject.eu

» ethical and value questions stemming from the shifting 

reduced to a single political approach, institutional ori-

role of security professionals; 

entation or sole dependence on scientific means. They 

» consequences of the changing role of foreign security 
policy in an era when the distinction between external 

indicate that reliance on security technologies as the 

default approach to security challenges is not only an in-

adequate solution to the threats European society faces, 

and internal borders grows less distinct. 

but can, at times, stand in the way of suitable solutions.

Along the geopolitical axis, the project studied the aims 

and outcomes of the EU’s Eastern European and Mediter-

ranean neighbourhood policies.

Security Research  Security and society / Ethics and Justice 
 
INEX

525

PARTNERS 

International Peace Research Institute 
Ericsson Security Systems 
Centre d’études sur les conflits 
Vrije Universiteit Brussel 
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam 
Centre for Security Studies, Collegium Civitas 
Centro de Investigación de Relaciones Internacionales y Desarrollo  
Bilkent University 
Centre for European Policy Studies 

COUNTRY

Norway
Norway 
France 
Belgium 
The Netherlands
Poland
Spain
Turkey
Belgium

526

T
C
A
P
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

PACT / Public perception of security and privacy : Assessing knowledge, 
Collecting evidence, Translating research into action

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

In WP2, the consortium designs and pilots the survey 
consisting of three real life scenarios - in which secu-

285635

Total Cost  

€ 3,237,736.40

EU Contribution  

€ 2,675,107.85

Starting Date  

01/02/2012

Duration  

36 months

ABSISKEY CP

7 rue Gabriel Péri

38000 Grenoble, France

Contact

Xavier Fabre

PACT is a collaborative project, which aims:

rity technologies might affect privacy and fundamental 

» to assess existing knowledge about public perception 
of the tension between security and privacy and the 

role played by social trust and concern,  

» to collect empirical evidence about the way in which 
European citizens perceive and assess in real life novel 

surveillance technologies,

rights - and background questions such as socio eco-

nomic characteristics, perceptions of security and privacy 

as well as attitudinal and life style indicators.

In WP3, the consortium carries out the fieldwork by 
interviewing twenty-seven thousand individuals in the 

27 EU countries. The fieldwork will be conducted via 

a self administered methodology using a combination 

of online methodologies and face to face approaches.

» to analyze the main factors that affect public assess-
ment of the security and privacy implications of given 

security technology. 

WP4 will focus on the analysis of the collected data using 
both descriptive and advanced quantitative techniques.

Tel  : +33 4 86 11 01 80

On the basis of such an investigation, the project will 

Mobile  : + 33 6768 42877

develop and validate a prototype Decision Support Sys-

WP5 will exploit results from the previous WPs to develop 
a new conceptual Privacy Reference Framework for Se-

Fax  : + 33 4765 18491

tem (DSS), which may help end users to evaluate pros 

curity Technology (PRFST) covering levels of respect for 

E-mail  :  

and cons of specific security investments also on the 

privacy and liberty in different aspects of its descriptive 

x.Fabre@absiskey.com

basis of the societal perception of privacy and liberty.

scheme with illustrative descriptors scale.

Website  :  

http://www.projectpact.eu/

Description of the work

WP6 will develop the PACT DSS, through a series of 
sessions among partners, with direct involvement of 

The first year of the project is devoted to creating the 

stakeholders. 

baseline knowledge and designing a pan European sur-

vey on privacy and security ; the second year is entirely 

devoted to carrying out and analysing the survey ; the 

WP7 is devoted to dissemination and the involvement 
of stakeholders. 

third year is devoted to developing a new Privacy Refer-

ence Framework for security technologies and the DSS.

Finally, WP8 deals with project management and qual-
ity control.

WP1 explores the existing gaps in current approaches, 
available evidence, and modeling of public perception of 

privacy and security through a literature review from a 

Results

number of domains, also taking into account deliverables 

PACT (Public perception of security and privacy: Assessing 

of previous and current EC funded projects. 

knowledge, Collecting evidence, Translating research into 

action) showed the importance of re-thinking the complex 

relationship between security, surveillance, new technolo-

gies, fundamental rights, privacy and data protection. 

Security Research  Security and society / Ethics and Justice 
PACT

527

It defined use-cases in seven categories of security 

The project’s work also led to creation of the PACT DSS 

technologies: visual surveillance, “dataveillance”, com-

software tool, an online application consisting of a sim-

munications surveillance, biometrics and identification, 

ple graphical user interface and the knowledge base 

sensors, location determination and, finally, emergent 

devised by PACT. 

and futuristic surveillance technologies. 

PACT’s final prototype was confirmed via scenario dem-

Three out of five cases were translated into practical 

onstrations. 

applications, providing more information to the project’s 

survey testing phase. Pilot data was analysed and docu-

PACT’s work was disseminated across 30 scientific pub-

mented, helping another EU-funded security project, 

lications and 54 academic settings, in addition to three 

PRISMS. Both projects worked together closely as an 

major events. 

integrated learning process. 

Elsewhere, PACT focused on institutional trust, general 

distrust, and privacy, and created a user manual to ex-

plain its concepts to potential end-users. 

PARTNERS 

VITAMIB SAS (VITAMIB) 
ATOS SPAIN SA (ATOS) 
CENTRE FOR IRISH AND EUROPEAN SECURITY LIMITED (CIES) 
MARKET & OPINION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL LIMITED (IPSOS MORI) 
CENTER FOR SECURITY STUDIES (KEMEA) 
MINISTRY OF PUBLIC SECURITY (MOPS/IP) 
NATIONAL CENTER FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH “DEMOKRITOS” (NCSR Demokritos) 
RAND EUROPE CAMBRIDGE LTD (RAND) 
INSTITUTT FOR FREDSFORSKNING STIFTELSE (PRIO) 
UPPSALA UNIVERSITET (UU) 
CENTRE FOR SCIENCE, SOCIETY AND CITIZENSHIP (CSSC) 

COUNTRY

France
Spain
Ireland
United Kingdom
Greece
Israel
Greece
United Kingdom
Norway
Sweden
Italy

528

.

m
o
c
o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

-

i

o
n
h
s
o
y
k
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

PRISMS / The PRIvacy and Security MirrorS : Towards a European 
framework for integrated decision making

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

The main outcome of the first project phase will be 

hypotheses  about  the  relationship  between  privacy 

285399

Total Cost  

€ 3,561,935

EU Contribution  

€ 2,985,744

Starting Date  

01/02/2012

Duration  

42 months

The PRISMS project will analyse the traditional trade-off 

and security, trust and concern. These hypotheses will 

model between privacy and security and devise a more 

form the basis of a pan-European survey in the project’s 

evidence-based perspective for reconciling privacy and 

second phase. The survey will investigate the opinions, 

security, trust and concern. It will examine how technolo-

attitudes and behaviour of a representative sample of 

gies aimed at enhancing security are subjecting citizens 

citizens on privacy and security. It will include 1,000 

to an increasing amount of surveillance. PRISMS will 

telephone interviews in each of the 27 Member States of 

determine the factors that affect public assessment of 

the Union. This survey will allow us to identify the main 

the security and privacy implications of a given security 

driving factors that influence the forming of citizens’ 

technology. The project will use these results to devise 

opinions on privacy and security and to make consistent 

FRAUNHOFER  

a decision support system providing users (those who 

comparisons between countries or regions in the EU. 

GESELLSCHAFT ZUR 

deploy and operate security systems) insight into the 

FORDERUNG DER  

ANGEWANDTEN  

FORSCHUNG E.V.

Fraunhofer Institute for 

Systems and Innovation 

Research ISI

pros and cons, constraints and limits of specific security 

In its third phase PRISMS will use these results to devise 

investments compared to alternatives taking into account 

a decision support system providing users (those who 

a wider society context. 

Description of the work

deploy and operate security systems) insight into the 

pros and cons, constraints and limits of specific secu-

rity investments compared to alternatives, taking into 

account a wide societal context. The decision support 

Breslauer Straße 48

The first phase of PRISMS begins with a multidimensional 

system will need to reconcile the various dimensions 

76139 Karlsruhe, Germany

analysis of the relation between privacy and security 

such that the results can be understood in terms of 

Contact

from the different perspectives of technology, policy, me-

discriminating between options for security investments.

Dr. Michael Friedewald

dia, criminology and law. These diverse perspectives offer 

Tel  : +49 (0) 721 6809 146

an analytical background against which perceptions and 

Fax  : +49 (0) 721 6809 315

attitudes of citizens can be studied. The consortium will 

E-mail  : michael.friedewald@

determine the factors that affect public assessment of 

isi.fraunhofer.de

Website  :  

the security and privacy implications of a given security 

technology. Having analysed the conceptualisations of 

http ://www.prismsproject.eu

and interrelations between privacy and security, the con-

sortium will test and validate its analysis in interviews, 

focus groups and workshops which will bring together 

various stakeholder groups (citizens, policy advisors, 

security people, societal organisations, criminologists, 

scientists). 

Security Research  Security and society / Ethics and Justice 
 
 
PRISMS

529

Results

» A  better  understanding  of  the  iridescent  terms  
“security” and “privacy” and their interrelationship;

» A model of how privacy and security attitudes of citi-

zens are formed;

» A proposal for a participatory decision support process 
for an early assessment of emerging security technolo-

gies based on reconciling security, privacy and trust;

» Improving decision makers awareness of critical as-

pects of security technologies;

» Policy recommendations for ensuring human rights 

by design.

PARTNERS 

Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer-ISI) 
Trilateral Research and Consulting LLP (Trilateral) 
Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Research Group on Law, Science, Technology and Society (VUB-LSTS) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
The University of Edinburgh (UEdin) 
Eötvös Károly Public Policy Institute (EKINT) 
Zuyd University of Applied Sciences (Zuyd) 
Market & Opinion Research International Ltd. (Ipsos MORI) 

COUNTRY

Germany
United Kingdom
Belgium
The Netherlands
United Kingdom
Hungary
The Netherlands
United Kingdom

530

SAPIENT /  Supporting fundamentAl rights, PrIvacy and Ethics  
in surveillaNce Technologies

i

t
n
e
p
a
S
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

261698

Total Cost  

€ 1,539,687

EU Contribution   

€ 1,248,577

Starting Date   

01/02/2011

End Date  

31/07/2014

SAPIENT aimed to specify how and when smart surveil-

The SAPIENT project defined and characterised smart 

lance should be used (or not) and the characteristics 

surveillance within technological, social, political, legal, 

needed to be effective and scalable in order to rap-

and ethical contexts. It analysed current studies of state-

idly adapt to changing situations. It aimed to provide 

of-the-art of surveillance, and emerging technologies 

stakeholders with a set of criteria for data protection 

and related applications expected over the next decade. 

and integrity that could be used to verify that surveil-

lance systems and the sharing of information respect 

The second step started the process of active stake-

the privacy of citizens. The project developed a privacy 

holder engagement through focus groups with partici-

impact assessment methodology tailored for surveillance 

pants having various views and interests on different 

FRAUNHOFER  

projects and technology developments. Thisprovides the 

applications of smart surveillance. 

GESELLSCHAFT ZUR 

means for limiting the collection and storage of un-

FORDERUNG DER  

ANGEWANDTEN  

FORSCHUNG E.V.

necessary data. The project focused on the necessity 

The SAPIENT team has also examined existing privacy 

and proportionality of data collection needs to avoid 

impact assessment (PIA) methodologies and proposed 

undue threats to data protection and privacy. SAPIENT 

a methodology suitable for the assessment of state-

Fraunhofer Institute for 

has paved the way towards an approach to surveillance 

of-the-art and emerging surveillance technologies and 

Systems and Innovation 

where respect of the privacy of the citizen will be central. 

related applications. 

Research

Breslauer Straße 48

76139 Karlsruhe, 

Germany

Contact 

Michael Friedewald

Tel  : +49 (0) 721 6809 146

Fax  : +49 (0) 721 6809 315

E-mail  : michael.friedewald@

isi.fraunhofer.de

Website  :  

www.sapientproject.eu

The suggested PIA was validated by a number of real-life 

test cases. These cases included smart CCTV, number 

plate recognition, situation awareness, and cloud com-

puting.  Based on lessons learned from these cases 

SAPIENT produced a Surveillance Privacy Impact As-

sessment Manual. 

Moreover, a series of policy meetings and a final confer-

ence were held during the project to present its research 

results. 

Security Research  Security and society / Ethics and Justice 
 
SAPIENT

531

Results

way, SAPIENT contributes to establishing surveillance 

impact assessments as a tool that governments and 

The best way to limit the collection and storage of data 

industry can use in security investment decisions to make 

and to fine-tune data collection needs and data protec-

sure that fundamental citizens’ rights are well balanced 

tion requirements is to adhere to the principles of the 

with the need for security. Finally, companies may view 

EU’s General Data Protection Regulation and to engage 

surveillance impact assessments as akin to insurance or 

and consult with all relevant stakeholders by means of 

as a good investment – i.e., by identifying any problems 

a privacy impact assessment methodology tailored to 

early on, they will avoid potentially huge costs later on.

smart surveillance (i.e., a surveillance impact assess-

ment). 

SAPIENT tried to pave the way towards an approach to 

surveillance where respect of the privacy and of other 

values important to citizens are central by means of 

a surveillance impact assessment methodology. The 

lattercan be used by any organization in advance of 

developing and deploying a surveillance project. In this 

PARTNERS 

Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer-FhG) 
Trilateral Research & Consulting LLP (Trilateral) 
Centre for Science, Society and Citizenship (CSSC) 
Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Research Group on Law Science Technology & Society (VUB-LSTS) 
University of Lugano, Faculty of Informatics (USI) 
King’s College London, Department of War Studies (KCL) 
Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS) 

COUNTRY

Germany 
United Kingdom
Italy
Belgium
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Belgium

532

SMART / Scalable Measures for Automated Recognition Technologies

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F
-
o
t
o
f
a
a
k
©

l

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

261727

Total Cost  

€ 4,202,156

EU Contribution   

€ 3,456,017

Starting Date   

01/06/2011

End Date  

01/06/2014

The project’s objectives were to :

Four pillars of work were carried out:

» Determine the state of the art and likely future trends 
of smart surveillance, its proportionality and its impact 

» Status quo analysis : The project identified the current 
status of smart surveillance technologies already in use 

on privacy;

or about to be used in four key areas : border control, 

counter-terrorism and law-enforcement, consumer sec-

» Identify the dependency and vulnerability of smart 
surveillance on underlying technology infrastructures 

tor multi-purpose mobile devices and e-Government. 

The status quo analysis also mapped out characteristics 

and explore system integrity and privacy issues;

of laws governing surveillance and identified lacunae/

UNIVERSITY OF MALTA 

(UOM)

» Identify and explore smart surveillance and privacy 

out characteristics of laws governing interoperability 

new safeguards and gave special attention to mapping 

Department of Information 

issues in cyberspace;

and data exchange.

Policy and Governance

Msida

MSD 2080

Contact 

» Map out characteristics of laws governing surveillance 

and identify lacunae as well as best practices;

» Infrastructure analysis : The project carried out risk 
analysis of the technologies utilised in underlying tel-

ecommunications network technology infrastructures 

Professor Joseph  

» Explore the attitudes and beliefs of citizens towards 

as well as cyberspace.

Cannataci

Tel  : +356 2340 2782

E-mail  : jcannataci@ 

sec.research.um.edu.mt 

smart surveillance;

» Establish best-practice criteria developed on the basis 
of operational efficiency, established legal principles 

Website  :  

and citizen perceptions;

www.smartsurveillance.eu

» Citizen attitudes : Part of the project carried out 
qualitative research on the attitudes of citizens to 

smart surveillance and privacy. In addition, analytical 

bibliographies as well as a literature review was carried 

out on the sociology of surveillance in order to inform 

» Develop a toolkit for policy-makers, police and security 
forces to implement and promote the best practice 

the overall analysis of citizen attitudes as well as the 

impact assessments produced in other streams in an 

approach.

effort to identify criteria for best practices.

» Best practice and development of the toolkit for 
policy makers : The SMART project developed a toolkit 
for policy-makers, and decision-makers to implement 

and promote best practices.

Security Research  Security and society / Ethics and Justice 
 
 
 
 
Results

is also a marked level of anxiety and concern about sur-

veillance deployment undertaken without the knowledge 

SMART identified a great diversity in application of smart 

and consent of the wider population. 

surveillance technologies. There appears to be a trend 

towards increased deployment and an intensification 

The project identified nine best practice criteria that could 

of the integration of large-scale identification tech-

improve the promotion of privacy and data protection 

nologies within the areas of border control, law and 

with smart surveillance technology use. 

order and counter-terrorism, mobile communications, 

e-government, and cyberspace. At the same time there 

In addition, two key outputs of the SMART project with 

are serious concerns about the regulatory regime: the 

policy  implications  are  (a)  the  model  law  and  (b)  a 

law is not prepared for the increased use of automated 

complementary toolkit. The model law introduces the 

decision technologies. The legal environment in which 

concrete legal safeguards which have already been rec-

smart surveillance operates in Europe is disjointed, lack-

ognised as necessary by Europe’s policy makers. The 

ing consistency in statue, application, and interpretation.  

toolkit complements the model law by focusing attention 

Citizens  who  contributed  their  views  to  the  project 

and the regulatory framework. It includes appropriate 

on evidence of an evident mismatch between practice 

showed that, while there is an acceptance that surveil-

strategies and tools. 

lance is a necessary function of modern society, there 

PARTNERS 

University of Central Lancashire (UCLAN) 
University of Ljubljana (UL) 
Laboratorio di Scienze della Cittadinanza (LSC) 
Babes-Bolyai University (BBU) 
Universitetet i Oslo (UiO) 
Universidad de Léon (ULE) 
Law and Internet Foundation (LIF) 
Masarykova univerzita (MU) 
Edith Cowan University (ECU) 
Georg-August-Universität Göttingen (UGOE) 
University of Sheffield (SHEFU) 
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover (LUH) 
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) 
Univerzita Komenskeho v Bratislave (FMUNIBA) 
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen (RUG) 
University of Vienna (UNIVIE) 
MORPHO (MORPHO) 
Interpol (INTERPOL) 
Universitat de Barcelona (UB) 

SMART

533

COUNTRY

UK
Slovenia
Italy
Romania
Norway
Spain
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Australia
Germany
UK
Germany
Italy
Slovakia
Netherlands
Austria
France
France
Spain

534

.

m
o
c
o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

-

r
h
a
j
t
u
G

l

e
u
n
a
M
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SURPRISE / Surveillance, Privacy and Security : A large scale participatory assessment 

of criteria and factors determining acceptability and acceptance of security technologies in Europe

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

285492

Total Cost  

€ 4,396,297.56

EU Contribution  

€ 3,424,109

Starting Date  

01/02/2012

End Date  

31/01/2015 

» Map key security challenges and related security poli-

SURPRISE re-examined the relationship between security 

cies and technologies; 

and privacy, which is commonly positioned as a ‘trade-

off’. Where security solutions involve the collection of 

» Identify factors influencing acceptability and accept-

information about citizens, questions arise as to whether 

ance of these security technologies;

their privacy has been infringed. This infringement of 

» Identify technical design and legal/regulatory options 

cost of enhanced security. Similarly, citizens are seen as 

and non-technical alternatives; 

willing to trade-off their privacy for enhanced personal 

individual privacy is sometimes seen as an acceptable 

security in different settings. These common under-

OESTERREICHISCHE 

» Develop models and hypotheses about relations be-

standings of the security-privacy relationship, at both 

AKADEMIE DER  

WISSENSCHAFTEN

Institute of Technology 

Assessment

Strohgasse 45/5

A-1030 Vienna, Austria

Contact

Johann Čas

tween privacy and security;

» Select two cases for empirical testing and perform a 
large scale participatory empirical testing of models; 

state and citizen levels, have informed policymakers, 

legislative developments and best practice guidelines 

concerning security developments across the EU. How-

ever, an emergent body of work questions the validity 

of the security-privacy trade-off, suggesting that this 

» Synthesize empirical findings with theoretical models 
and practical options to design security solutions; 

has over-simplified the consideration of the impact and 

acceptability of security solutions on citizens in current 

security policy and practice. Thus, the more complex is-

Tel  : +43 1 51581 6581

» Transform  results  into  smaller  scale  participatory 

sues underlying privacy concerns and public scepticism 

Fax  : +43 1 7109883

methods;

E-mail  : jcas@oeaw.ac.at

Website  : www.oeaw.ac.at/

» Disseminate the findings widely throughout Europe 

ita/welcome.htm

and beyond.

towards surveillance-oriented security solutions (SOSSs) 

may not be apparent to legal and technological experts. 

In response to these developments, this project consulted 

with citizens from several EU Member and Associated 

States on the question of the security-privacy trade-off 

as they evaluate different security solutions. Through 

extensive preparatory work, the project identified and 

empirically examined the influence of a broad range of 

issues upon their evaluations. Using large scale citizen 

consultation meetings, a representative, fine-grained 

picture from across Europe was provided. Furthermore, 

citizens’ understanding of privacy protection laws, their 

enforcement, and the acceptance levels of SOSSs, have 

been explained. Finally, a set of context-dependent di-

mensions for decision support concerning the acceptabil-

ity of new SOSSs which promotes civil rights protection 

have been produced.

Security Research  Security and society / Ethics and Justice 
 
 
 
SURPRISE

535

Results

A key demand concerned safeguards for developing, 

implementing and using surveillance technologies in a 

The project involved about 2000 citizens from nine Euro-

way that effectively respects fundamental rights. Surveil-

pean countries in citizen “summits” and sitizen meetings 

lance technologies should be subjected to comprehensive 

to debate the relation between surveillance, privacy, 

participatory technology assessments comprising privacy 

and security. These participatory assessment activities 

impact assessments and the integration of technical 

confirmed the skepticism about the trade-off approach 

and organisational measures for a privacy compliant 

as a guideline for security policy. 

operation. 

Participating citizens requested that the protection of 

Concerning social cohesion the participants requested a 

privacy and personal data should be strictly enforced, 

more comprehensive, holistic and long-term approach 

both in the context of commercial and law enforcement 

to security, demanding a stronger focus on root causes 

activities. The use of surveillance technologies should be 

of insecurity, i.e. tackling the enormous economic and 

justified and justifiable on a case-by-case basis; blanket 

social injustices resulting from the persistent economic 

mass surveillance is not accepted.

crisis in Europe. 

PARTNERS 

Oesterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften (OEAW) 
Agencia de Protección de Datos de la Comunidad de Madrid (APDCM) 
Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) 
Teknologiradet - The Danish Board of Technology (DBT) 
European University Institute (EUI) 
VEREIN FUR RECHTS-UND KRIMINALSOZIOLOGIE (IRKS) 
Medián Opinion and Market Research Ltd. (Median) 
Teknologiradet - Norwegian Board of Technology (NBT) 
The Open University (OU) 
Akademien der Wissenschaften Schweiz Verein (TA-Swiss) 
Unabhaengiges Landeszentrum fuer Datenschutz (ULD) 

COUNTRY

Austria
Spain
Spain
Denmark
Italy 
Austria
Hungary
Norway
United Kingdom
Switzerland
Germany

536536

.

m
o
c
o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

ASSERT /Assessing Security Research: Tools and Methodologies to measure 

societal impact

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

313062

Total Cost  

€553,420.40

EU Contribution  

€ 498,600.74

Starting Date  

01/05/2013

End Date  

31/07/2014

The need to consider the societal impact of EU security 

research has been acknowledged on many occasions by 

» Built a typology of the different ways that societal 
impact of security research is being assessed in security 

different actors. However, in traditional thinking, soci-

research programmes across the globe

etal impacts are reduced to side effects of instrumental 

(technological and legal) security measures. This binary 

thinking has to be overcome.

ASSERT demonstrated that societal dimensions of secu-

rity research could increase the variety pool of feasible 

INSTITUTE FOR THE 

solutions if taken into account from the very beginning 

SOCIOLOGY OF LAW AND 

of the “design process”.

CRIMINOLOGY / INSTITUT 

FÜR RECHTS UND KRIMI-

Identifying and building on the state of the art in soci-

» Analysed good practices of the exploration and as-
sessment of the societal impact of broader areas of 

science and technology

» Assessed the extent to which these good practices are 
feasible and useful to security technology research

» Provided a user friendly knowledge base (online tool 
and database) to assist the European Commission in 

NALSOZIOLOGIE (IRKS)

etal security research we identified best practice cases, 

implementing the recommendations of ASSERT and 

Scientific Director: PD Dr. 

exploring and assessing societal impacts of science and 

other relevant research on assessing the societal im-

Reinhard Kreissl

technology in the security domain and beyond. This was 

pacts of security research

Museumstraße 5/12

done in a multidisciplinary fashion from different per-

1070 – Vienna - Austria

spectives, including end-users, stakeholders, researchers, 

» Developed an online assessment tool for determining 

Contact

evaluators, policy-makers, civil society and NGOs. Bring-

societal impact

PD Dr. Reinhard Kreissl

ing together these different perspectives in a series of 

Tel  : +43 1 526 15 16

workshops created the basis for the development of a 

» Organised a series of thematic workshops to engage 

Fax  : +43 1 526 15 16 10

tool and a strategy for the sustainable implementation of 

with experts and stakeholders

E-mail  : ofice@irks.at

societal impacts in future EU security research activities.

Website  : http://www.irks.at

» Organisde a “Master Class” for security research evalu-

ators to discuss ASSERT results

» Broad engagement with experts and stakeholders along 
clearly identified intervention points through tailored 

dissemination strategies.

Security Research  Security and society / Foresight, scenarios and security as an evolving concept 
ASSERT
ASSERT

537
537

Results

» ASSERT produced an overview of good practices of 
the exploration and assessment of societal impact of 

broader areas of science and technology. This was made 

» Clear recommendations for mainstreaming security 
impact assessment tools and methodologies in security 

research have been distributed at two training events 

(master classes) in Stirling and Brussels

available as an entry in an internal Handbook (Encyclo-

pedia) under: Reinhard Kreissl Florian Fritz, Lars Oster-

» A  ready-for-use  security  research  online  im-
pact  assessment  tool  (SERIA)  is  available  under  

meier: Societal Impact Assessment. International Ency-

http://assert.maisondx.com

clopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 2nd edition  

(http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.10561-6) 

2015

» The ASSERT tool kit is being used for an online tutorial 
produced for the project SOURCE (Grant No. 313288)

» The database of experts and evaluators (full data 
protection compliance) is hosted with Partner Stirling 

» Findings from the ASSERT project flow into a project for 
the Austrian national security research to improve the 

Univ. and is accessible for use.

cooperation between SSH and technological experts 

in security research. This project is in preparation and 

will be launched in 2016.

PARTNERS 

Institut für Rechts- und Kriminalsoziologie / Institute for the Sociology of Law and Criminology (IRKS) 
Technical University Berlin (TUB) 
Trilateral Research & Consulting LLP (TRI) 
King’s College London (KCL) 
The University of Stirling (STIR) 
Hamburg-Consult Gesellschaft fuer Verkehrsberatung m.b.H. (HC) 

COUNTRY

Austria
Germany
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Germany

538

m
a
d
r
e
t
t
o
R

i

y
t
i
s
r
e
v
n
U
s
u
m
s
a
r
E

-

n
o
o
h
R

n
a
v

s
n
a
H
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

COMPOSITE / Comparative Police Studies in the EU 

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

lice’s external challenges and identifying the internal 

resources and capabilities that serve to counter such 

241918

Total Cost  

€ 8,904,352.73

EU Contribution  

€ 6,623,303

Starting Date  

01/08/2010

Duration  

48 months

Police forces all over Europe are faced with major chal-

threats. Other work packages in this phase research 

lenges : new types of crime, open borders, new tech-

knowledge sharing and technology trends, providing in-

nologies, the threat of terrorism and tighter financial 

sights into the organizational structures that promote 

resources are but a few of the changes in European 

change initiatives. The second phase of the research 

societies that affect the police. Many police forces re-

project focuses on change processes and on understand-

act by changing their administrative structure, merging 

ing the role of specific organizational features, national 

forces and modernizing tools and processes. Some of 

and organizational culture, identity, and leadership in the 

these changes reach their goals, but many fail or face 

management of change.

serious problems along the way. 

ERASMUS UNIVERSITY 

ROTTERDAM

Within this context, the COMPOSITE project brings to-

of scientific knowledge and theory building. The project 

The goal of COMPOSITE is not restricted to the extension 

Rotterdam School of Man-

gether a network of European academic and police in-

also aims to have strong practical outcomes, bringing 

agement

Postbus 1738

stitutions, to investigate how organizational and cultural 

about concrete improvements in the conception, planning, 

factors facilitate or hinder successful change implemen-

organization and implementation of change processes 

in European police forces. Thus COMPOSITE includes 

work packages focusing on dissemination, training and 

3000 DR, Rotterdam 

tation in European policing.

The Netherlands

Contact

In doing so, the COMPOSITE project aims to contribute to 

consultancy in order to reach relevant police communities 

Prof. Dr. Gabriele Jacobs

improvements in the planning and execution of change 

and the general public alike. This dissemination process is 

Tel  : +31(0) 10 4082061

initiatives in the police, showing how these projects can 

further enhanced by the COMPOSITE photo project which 

Mobile  : +31(0) 6 57559341

be better aligned with the cultural and societal context 

runs alongside the main project, enriching the research 

Fax  : +31(0) 10 4089015

per country, as well as how negative processes can be 

process and facilitating the dissemination of results.

E-mail  : gjacobs@rsm.nl

mitigated. In this way COMPOSITE seeks to enhance 

Website  :  

police capability and performance, both within individual 

Results

www.composite-project.eu

police forces and across European joint operations. 

Description of the work 

The COMPOSITE (COmparative POlice Studies In The 

Eu) project interviewed police stakeholders, including 

more than 800 officers of various ranks. Topics included 

The COMPOSITE project investigates change manage-

opportunities and threats, maintenance of core compe-

ment practices in the police across 10 European coun-

tencies, knowledge transfer and the use of information 

tries. Based around 11 interconnecting work-packages, 

and communications technology (ICT). Additionally, the 

COMPOSITE seeks to identify the key triggers of change 

project prepared case studies on topics such as riot 

as well as the determinants of change processes and 

control, harbour policing, human trafficking and the use 

outcomes.

of social media. 

The project consists of two phases. In the first phase, 

Key results included an analysis of strengths, weak-

work-packages investigate the content of current change 

nesses, opportunities and threats in each country, a 

programs in European policing, by analyzing the po-

compendium of best practices and a diagnostic tool to 

Security Research  Security and society / Foresight, scenarios and security as an evolving concept 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
COMPOSITE

539

assess knowledge transfer. The teams also prepared 

COMPOSITE’s insights into the changes and practices of 

guidelines covering the use of ICT in policing. 

European police management are expected to be incor-

The project’s second phase involved more in-depth in-

more integrated European police landscape. The project’s 

vestigations of topics such as the evolution towards 

results also have been transferred into new projects such 

a national police force in the Netherlands and policy 

as Erasmus Plus and Knowledge Alliance “International 

changes regarding victim care by the Spanish police. 

Security Management” (https://www.ism-ka.eu/).  

porated in future academic curricula to help promote a 

Surveys were also conducted in 10 countries to examine 

the effects of change management on performance and 

individual behaviour. 

Team members presented their work at numerous con-

ferences and workshops, and produced various brochures 

and professional and academic papers. The project also 

created a photo gallery (http://www.composite.rsm.nl) 

and a video (www.rsm.nl/cesam). 

PARTNERS 

Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam 
University of Utrecht  
Police Academy, Apeldoorn 
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer) 
Police Academy, Brandenburg 
University of Durham 
Sheffield University 
University of Antwerp 
CNRS, Paris 
Capgemini Telecom Media defence 
University St. Kliment Ohridski, Skopje 

Masaryk University, Brno  
Formit, Rome 
Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj 
Esade Business School, Barcelona 

COUNTRY

The Netherlands 
The Netherlands
The Netherlands
Germany
Germany
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Belgium
France
France
Republic  
of Macedonia
Czech Republic
Italy
Romania
Spain

 
 
540

.

m
o
c
o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

-

e
d
n
o
C

s
u
s
e
J
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

DESSI / Decision Support on Security Investments 

Grant Agreement N° 

Project objectives

Description of the work

261718

Total Cost  

€ 1,902,303 

EU Contribution  

€ 1,561,095

Starting Date  

01/01/2011

End Date  

30/06/2013

DANISH BOARD  

OF TECHNOLOGY

Toldbodgade 12

DK-1253 Copenhagen  

Denmark

Contact

Ida Leisner

Tel  : +45 3345 5355

Fax  : +45 3391 0509

E-mail  : il@tekno.dk

Website  : 

www.securitydecisions.org, 

www.tekno.dk

The DESSI project will develop a tool to support decision-

There  is  an  urgent  need  for  a  political  framework 

makers in situations where different possible solutions 

whose underlying decisions on security investment are 

for a perceived security-problem are available. It will 

transparent and participatory, and which accounts for 

enable comparison and evaluation of different security 

the context and multi-dimensionality of society. Security 

investments and serve as a way to achieve transparency 

investments are made to avoid known or perceived 

of the security decisions.

threats. Threats could be conventional crime, cyber-crime, 

inner security, international conflicts, environmental 

hazards, and mixed forms of these. 

It is important to first understand the nature of threats 

and their consequences, probability and impact (i.e., 

who is affected). Security investment implies choosing 

between different approaches to increasing security, 

and  DESSI  makes  this  choice  explicit  by  describing 

and evaluating each security investment alongside its 

alternatives. 

The DESSI tool will ensure decision-making process is 

explicit. The alternatives are identified or developed in a 

participatory process, including experts and stakeholders, 

who are informed by the threat description. Security 

investments can be highly controversial and disputed. 

This is not only because of political differences between 

actors  but  also  due  to  societal  phenomena  (threat 

perceptions, technology insights, belief in alternative 

investments, etc.) which differently distributed and valued 

across all the actors. Accordingly, a rigorous investment 

assessment method needs to make use of a participatory 

approach which ensures this range of actors is taken 

on board.

Security Research  Security and society / Foresight, scenarios and security as an evolving concept 
 
 
 
 
DESSI

541

Results

additional  feature  not  envisioned  in  the  beginning 

of the project the DESSI procedure also prove to be 

The DESSI project has created a novel procedure and a 

an good method for user driven, open innovation, as 

web-based decision support system to decision makers 

participants are assisted in creating alternative strategies 

and users of security investments. The procedure and 

to address the security problems. It continues to be a 

the decision support system (DSS) have been tested 

useful procedure for public authorities, developers of 

within the project and on several occasions afterwards. 

security solutions, commercial enterprises and social 

The consortium continues to develop the (DSS) and 

organizations that have used the DESSI tool to make their 

collaborate to further its use and development. 

own comprehensive assessment as an input to internal, 

strategic discussions and public debate.

The DSS give stakeholders and decision makers insight 

into the pros and cons of specific security problems 

and investments. It contributes to a transparent and 

participatory  decision  making  that  accounts  for  the 

context  and  multi-dimensionality  of  society.  As  an 

PARTNERS 

Teknologiraadet - Danish Board of Technology (DBT) 
Peace Research Institute, Oslo (PRIO) 
Teknologiraadet – Norwegian Board of Technology (NBT) 
Verein für sozialwissenscha¢ liche Forschung und Beratung e.V. (SWFB) 
Austrian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Technology Assessment (ITA) 

COUNTRY

Denmark
Norway
Norway
Germany
Austria

542

k
c
o
t
s
k
n
h
T
©

i

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

ePOOLICE / early Pursuit against Organized crime using 
envirOnmental scanning, the Law and IntelligenCE systems

Grant Agreement N° 

Project objectives

Description of the work

312651

Total Cost  

€5,295,925.74 

EU Contribution  

€ 3,493,810

Starting Date  

01/01/2013

Duration  

36 months

INGENIERÍA DE SISTEMAS 

PARA LA DEFENSA DE 

ESPAÑA SA (ISDEFE)

Defence and Security 

Division

Beatriz de Bobadilla, 3

E-28040 - Madrid - Spain

Contact

Raquel Pastor Pastor

Tel  : +34 91 411 50 11

Mobile  : +34 639 839 158

Fax  : +34 91 411 47 03

E-mail  : rpastor@isdefe.es

Website  : www.epoolice.eu

The project aims at developing an efficient and effective 

ePOOLICE has been organized in different Work Packages:

environmental scanning system as part of an early warn-

WP1, Project Management and Coordination. 

ing system for the detection of emerging organised crime 

WP2 aims to ensure the commitment and involvement of 

(OC) threats. The purpose is to improve LEA’s situation 

End-users and other stakeholders in order to successfully 

in fighting OC by dealing with early signs of a emerging 

achieve the project’s goals; it will push the development 

threats through a combination of technological resources 

of the methodological part of the project. 

and human actors.

WP3 deals with the technical and legal/ethical constraints 

and the design of the system framework considering the 

user requirements (from WP2) and the relevant ethical 

and legal issues. WP4 will develop and define a data 

model for the Environmental Knowledge Repository 

(EKR) as a common, uniform representation of extracted 

information for WP5 Environmental radar, as well as 

for the derived fused information, inferred knowledge, 

hypothesis, etc. in WP6. WP7 comprises development 

of end-user tools for alert visualization and situation 

assessment, based on the signals and data captured 

by the radar. WP8 is responsible for the integration of 

the tools developed, considering the framework design 

in WP3. Finally dissemination and exploitation tasks are 

covered in WP9.

Security Research  Security and society / Foresight, scenarios and security as an evolving concept 
ePOOLICE

543

Results

by:

ePOOLICE will support LEAs:

» using feedback from analysts to distillate and pro-
pose new indicators/signals and adjust its warning/

» to scan the environment to feed new and emerging 
threats into the serious and organised crime threat 

alert levels;

assessment processes

» discovering and proposing new sources to be scanned;

» to map changes within the OC situations that impact 
the security of the European Union Member States

» evaluating and estimating the importance of sources;

» to enable the strategic decision makers to counter-
balance detected upcoming threats before they ma-

terialize

» providing more effective information into foresight to 

fight all sorts of organised crime.

» providing a better understanding of the new and up-
coming technologies and trends, leading to the strategic 

planning into security issues of all stakeholders

PARTNERS 

Ingeniería de Sistemas para la Defensa de España SA (ISDEFE) 
Aalborg Universitet (AAU) 
Commissariat a l Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA) 
Thales Communications & Security SAS (TCS) 
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung E.V. (FKIE) 
Universidad de Granada (UGR) 
Sheffield Hallam University (SHU) 
Inthemis (INTHE) 
Legind Technologies AS (LTA) 
SAS Software Limited (SAS) 
Ministerio del Interior (MIR-GUCI) 
West Yorkshire Police Authority (WYP) 
United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute (UNICRI) 
Fachhochschule fur Offentliche Verwaltung und Rechtspflege in Bayern (FHVRP) 
European Police Office (EUROPOL) 
Institutet for Fremtidsforskning Forening (CIFS) 
Thales Nederland BV (TRT-NL) 

COUNTRY

Spain
Denmark
France
France
Germany
Spain
United Kingdom
France
Denmark
United Kingdom
Spain
United Kingdom
Italy
Germany
The Netherlands
Denmark
The Netherlands

544

.

m
o
c
o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

-

h
c
r
i
k

r
e
d
n
a
x
e
a
©

l

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

ETTIS / European security trends and threats in society

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

285593

Total Cost  

€ 2,823,373.40 

EU Contribution  

€ 2,285,586.13

Starting Date  

01/01/2012

End Date  

31/12/2014

PEACE RESEARCH  

INSTITUTE OSLO

The main goal of the project was to provide the means to 

establish a sustainable process of anticipating emerging 

threats to society and to societal security, and to translate 

them into research priorities. In the identification of research 

priorities, particular emphasis was put on the role of European 

policy to support the realisation of these collective priorities.

» Helped increase the awareness of and attention to new 
insights generated by research among first respond-
ers, policy-makers and industrial strategists, as 
well as in wider societal debates about civil se-
curity. This included the identification of barriers and 
limitations to the uptake of research results;

The ETTIS project met these objectives through the follow-

» Assessed the relevance and success of the research.

ing substantive and methodological sub-objectives. It has :

» carried out an identification, integration and scenario-

an imprint on the way future threats are to be dealt 

The approach to be developed in ETTIS aimed to leave 

Security Dimensions  

based assessment of: 

with in the future.

Department

Hausmannsgate 7

PO Box 9229 Grønland

NO-0134 Oslo

• possible future threats resulting from trends, trend 
breaks and weak signals in technology and society; 

Description of the work

The underlying strategy of the ETTIS work plan had three 

0186 – Oslo – Norway 

• security-related needs of first responders, policy-

main approaches :

Contact

J. Peter Burgess

Tel  : +47 22 54 77 38

Mobile  : +47 909 23 949

Fax  : +47 22 54 77 01

E-mail  : peter@prio.no 

Website  : www.ettis-project.eu 

makers and society at large;

• research-based  security  opportunities  (using 
portfolio analysis, robust and adaptive strategies 

» It took a broad and integrated approach to security that 
considered shifts in human/societal systems, reflect-

ing the approach increasingly evident in the security 

of priority-setting, new intelligence tools);

strategies of more Member States and the EU ; 

• comprehensive analysis of results and approaches 
of completed, ongoing and – to the extent possible - 

» It seeked to adapt available research tools and results to 

better understand emerging threats and needs;

planned security research projects.

» Systematically derived a portfolio of research priorities 
that was geared towards the needs of user organisations, 

» It adopted an adaptive planning paradigm that addressed 
the security challenges in the dynamic, uncertain and 

complex security environment that our societies face, 

and rationales for policy intervention and the respective 

both in concept and in practice.

roles of European and national research and innovation 

policy;

The project’s work plan also included various dissemina-

tion activities as well as an important task devoted to 

» Developed a methodological approach for threat- 
and needs-based identification of research priorities, 

identifying individual stakeholders, creating a taxonomy 

of stakeholders and identifying their interests, needs and 

and generalized it as part of a continuous monitoring 

drivers. This task, carried out early on, provided the basis 

and assessment process and tested its applicability 

for engaging stakeholders by means of interviews, focus 

with stakeholder organisations;

groups, workshops and other means throughout the pro-

Security Research  Security and society / Foresight, scenarios and security as an evolving concept 
 
 
 
 
ETTIS

545

ject and ensured that the consortium’s analyses, findings 

assist researchers and policy makers identify threats, 

and recommendations were based on stakeholder reality. 

needs, and solutions within the societal security domain. 

This includes a three-step process for the elaboration of  

Results

ETTIS: European Security Trends and Threats in Society 

context-based threat scenarios and subsequent identi-

was a collaborative research project that ran from Janu-

fication of threats and societal security needs. Finally, 

ary 2012 to December 2014. ETTIS has contributed to 

ETTIS has developed an innovative method to identify 

a renewed conceptualisation of key elements of policy 

research priorities and set research agenda for societal 

and priority setting in the field of security, in view of 

security by putting forward an adaptive four-phase model 

promoting societal security in Europe. ETTIS proposed 

of planning. Potentially, this model has far reaching posi-

an operational concept of societal security to support 

tive effects in socio-economic terms.

decision makers and end-users in practical settings. 

It developed a taxonomy of R&I models, better suited to 

cover the broader boundaries of societal security, based 

on the rate of change and the type of concerns at stake. 

ETTIS developed tools, methodologies and processes to 

PARTNERS 

Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO) 
Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
DEN HAAG CENTRUM VOOR STRATEGISCHE STUDIES (HCSS) 
TRILATERAL RESEARCH & CONSULTING LLP (TRI) 
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer-ISI-INT) 
CENTRE FOR IRISH AND EUROPEAN SECURITY (CIES) 
AUSTRIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY GmbH (AIT) 
Morpho (MPH) 
MAGEN DAVID ADOM (MDA) 
Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) 

COUNTRY

Norway
Sweden
The Netherlands
United Kingdom
Germany
Ireland 
Austria
France
Israel
United Kingdom

 
 
546

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

EvoCS / The evolving concept of security: A critical evaluation across 
four dimensions

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Results

605142

Total Cost  

€ 

EU Contribution  

€ 882,201 

Starting Date  

01/06/2014

End Date  

30/11/2015

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

FRAUNHOFER- 

GESELLSCHAFT ZUR 

FÖRDERUNG DER 

ANGEWANDTEN  

FORSCHUNG E.V. 

(FRAUNHOFER)

The EvoCS project dealt with ‘evolving security concepts’ as 

The EvoCS project mapped the security discourses in 

discussed in a public security context. These security concepts 

selected EU member states and candidate countries. It 

were made up of and modelled in multiple dimensions, the 

concluded the following:

latter applying to documents from different source types, from 

government policy documents to newspapers and academic 

First, the concept of security in the EU is shifting from 

publications. These sources were chosen to produce a broad 

a state-centric model to one focused on the citizen. In 

data base that reflected the written public security discourse. 

the majority of analyzed countries the most salient core 

In total, EvoCS used and analysed over 4000 items. This high 

values were directly linked to the safety of individuals 

number was necessary to reach the goal of “providing a ho-

rather than that of the state. The most important value 

listic view on the subject”, i.e. the popular security discourse.

was “physical safety and security”, which included threats 

Description of the work

such as corruption, natural hazards, cybercrime, road ac-

cidents, terrorism, both organised and petty crime, energy 

and food supply, and illegal migration. Even though some 

of these threats are traditionally associated with state 

security, EvoCS found that they were always discussed 

Fraunhofer-Institut für 

Our researchers used a process called “coding”, i.e. char-

with regard to their implications for the individual citi-

Naturwissenschaftlich-

acterising each item in relation to EvoCS’ five dimensions. 

zen. Further, high salient core values linked to economic 

Technische Trendanalysen 

This captured documents between November 2013 and 

growth and political stability support this view of the 

INT

Appelsgarten 2

53879 Euskirchen

Germany

Contact

October 2014. In the second stage, analysis was broadened 

citizen taking centre stage in EU security.

to include documents from 2004 to 2013. In this stage 

researchers did not code the documents, but analyzed them 

Second, this shift from state-centred to citizen-centred 

via classical desktop research to put the results into a broader 

security is more dominant in the western EU countries 

historical perspective. Thus a quantitative-objective approach 

than in eastern ones. In the former, the emphasis in 

Dr. Miloš Jovanović

(the coding of the five dimensions) was combined with a 

the security discourse is on terrorism, cybersecurity and 

Tel  : +49 2251 18-265

qualitative-subjective approach (desktop research) to pro-

natural hazards, which are the most important threats 

Fax  : +49 2251 18-38-265

duce a comprehensive view on the public security discourse.

to several core values – mostly safety of citizens in 

E-mail  : milos.jovanovic@ 

int.fraunhofer.de 

The five dimensions were: 

Website  :  

the physical and economic sense. In the latter region, 

the state is seen by citizens as largely weak, prone to 

external coercion, and thus insecure. Important themes 

www.evocs-project.eu 

1. Core values (e.g. Physical safety and security); 

in their security discourse were the Ukrainian crisis and 

2. Actors (e.g. the government); 

3. Levels (e.g. the national level); 

4. Ethics and human rights, and 

Russian policies towards the former communist bloc; both 

are seen as a threat to the independence and territorial 

integrity of the state.

Third, citizens across Europe expect the state rather than 

the EU to address security threats. In all regions the secu-

rity discourse focuses on the national government as the 

5. Security challenges (e.g. terrorism or climate change).

proper level of action to fight threats, improve resilience 

Security Research  Security and society / Foresight, scenarios and security as an evolving conceptor recover from damages, and rarely addresses the EU in 

this regard. In other words, security is perceived across 

Europe as a national issue. Yet, expert-level documents 

discuss the utility of the EU for security. This finding sug-

gests that even though the EU contributes to security, 

its efforts are of limited visibility, which may undermine 

people’s perception of the importance of the EU.

EvoCS

547

PARTNERS 

Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer) 
Fundación Tecnalia Research & Innovation (Tecnalia) 
Istituto Affari Internazionali (IAI) 
Polski Instytut Spraw Międzynarodowych (PISM) 
The Hague Centre for Strategic Studies (HCSS) 
Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna di Studi Universitari e di Perfezionamento di Pisa (SSSUP) 
Loughborough University (LUNI) 
Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore 
Procon Ltd. 

COUNTRY

Germany
Spain
Italy
Poland
The Netherlands
Italy
United Kingdom
Italy
Bulgaria

548

FESTOS /  Foresight of Evolving Security Threats Posed  
by Emerging Technologies 

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

i

a
d
e
m
N
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives 

Results 

217993

Total Cost  

€ 971,799.62

EU Contribution  

€ 824,552.7

Starting Date  

01/03/2009

End Date  

31/12/2011

INTERDISCIPLINARY 

CENTER FOR  

TECHNOLOGY  

ANALYSIS AND  

FORECASTING

Tel-Aviv University 

Analysing technological and societal developments over 

FESTOS mainly focused its research on the fields of na-

the next 20 years and beyond, this foresight study aimed 

notechnology, biotechnology, robotics, new materials and 

to identify and assess security threats that could stem 

information and communications technology (ICT). It also 

from recently developed or upcoming science and tech-

examined crime and terrorism as potential threats, but 

nology (S&T) breakthroughs. 

excluded industrial accidents or other potential disasters.

FESTOS’ overall strategy was based on three pillars of 

The project carried out a comprehensive literature scan 

research:

» horizon scanning: identification of potentially threat-
ening new technologies and field of techno-science 

research;

» evolving threats: assessment of emerging threats,  
construction of related threat scenarios, their impact on 

of current and upcoming emerging technology research. 

This resulted in a report that categorised and provided 

an initial threat assessment of 80 potential technologies 

of interest. Some 288 experts participated in a survey 

where they were asked to assess the risk potential of 

leading future technologies, and to estimate a timeframe 

for each threat’s realisation.

69978 RAMAT AVIV,  

society and development of early-warning indicators;

The result is a database of potentially abusable technolo-

TEL AVIV

Israel

Contact

Yair Sharan 

Tel  : +972 36407574

Mobile  : +972 544381600

Fax  : +972 36410193

E-mail  : sharan@post.tau.ac.il

Website  : www.festos.org

» pathways towards solutions: developing preparedness 

the market.  Potential misuse falls into three categories, 

gies, including a potential timeframe for their entry into 

measures and policy guidelines.

namely the:

» the disruption of certain technological applications for 

malicious purposes;

» increased access to technologies previously confined 
to the military, specialist industry or unique heavily 

funded laboratories;

» surprising malicious use of new technologies developed 

for completely different, beneficial purposes.

Each category of threats was divided into short, medium 

and long term timeframes of concern, with Category 3 

(“surprising malicious uses”) deemed as the high prior-

ity area since it can include a “wild card” exploitation 

of new technologies not previously associated with a 

security risk. 

Security Research  Security and society / Foresight, scenarios and security as an evolving concept 
 
 
 
FESTOS

549

The potential wild card scenarios that were examined 

include a large-scale nano-technology out-break, swarms 

of robotic “cyber insects”, the use of genetic engineer-

ing for personal blackmail and the creation of infec-

tious viruses capable of altering human behaviour (eg. 

heightened aggression or depression). 

By applying these assessments to different national 

contexts across the EU, the consortium came up with 

a series of policy recommendations and guidelines for 

national authorities and the EU on how to conduct their 

own risk assessments in these fields.

PARTNERS 

Interdisciplinary Center for Technology Analysis and Forecasting (ICTAF) 
Turku School of Economics, Finland Futures Research Centre 
Foundation for European Scientific Cooperation 
EFP Consulting 
Technical University of Berlin 
Uniwersytet Lodzki  

COUNTRY

Israel
Finland
Poland 
United Kingdom
Germany
Poland

550

0
1
p
u
o
r
G
g
n
i
k
r
o
W

,

2
t
r
a
P

,
t
r
o
p
e
R

l

a
n
F

i

F
I
R
S
E
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

FOCUS /  Foresight Security Scenarios : Mapping Research  
to a Comprehensive Approach to Exogenous EU Roles 

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

» critical infrastructure and supply chain protection, centred 
on preventing, mitigating and responding to exogenous 

261633

Total Cost  

€ 4,372,012

EU Contribution  

€ 3,407,075

Starting Date  

01/04/2011

End Date  

31/03/2013

FOCUS will help shape European security research to enable the 

threats that could have a significant impact on EU citizens ; 

EU to effectively respond to tomorrow’s challenges stemming 

from the globalization of risks, threats and vulnerabilities. 

» the EU as a global actor regarding the so-called “wider 
Petersberg Tasks”, and building on EU and member state 

FOCUS will concentrate on alternative future EU roles to 

instruments and capability processes ; 

prevent or respond to incidents situated on the “borderline” 

between the internal and external dimensions of the security 

affecting the Union and its citizens. It will do so by elaborating 

» the evolution of the EU’s internal framework and prereq-
uisites for delivering a comprehensive approach, including 

multiple scenarios, based on IT-supported foresight, in the 

Lisbon treaty provisions and relevant strategies (e.g. for 

SIGMUND FREUD  

form of alternative futures. These will be plausibility-probed 

engagement with other international actors) as well as 

PRIVATUNIVERSITAT 

versus mere threat scenarios.

ethical acceptability and public acceptance. 

WIEN GMBH

CEUSS | Center for Euro-

The main contribution of FOCUS is to develop an effective long-

The “embedded scenario” method and IT-based tools will be 

pean Security Studies

term foresight and assessment tool at the EU level, populated 

adjusted and sharpened as applied to these five thematic 

Schnirchgasse 9a

1030 Vienna 

Austria

Contact

Alexander Siedschlag 

Tel  : +43 (0) 1 798 62 90 50

Mobile  :  

with the analyses carried out by the project. Moreover, FOCUS 

scenarios. Interrelations among themes and scenarios will be 

will deliver tangible products (such as an IT platform) and 

particularly addressed : FOCUS will investigate cross-cutting 

contents (i.e., a roadmap) for planning research and deciding 

issues that constitute transversal key drivers/constraints. The 

on priorities. These products are usable beyond the project.

project will explore interfaces and translation mechanisms 

Description of the work

by which exogenous threats – such as those stemming from 

global change – directly confront EU citizens, their perception 

and their actual state of security. It will also take into account 

+43 (0) 699 113 69 717

FOCUS will design and apply an “embedded scenario” method 

the differential impact of external threats on national and Eu-

Fax  :  

of integration. This will delineate options for future tracks 

ropean research programmes designed to enhance capabilities.

+43 (0) 1 798 62 90 52

and broadened concepts of security research within broader 

E-mail  : siedschlag@

scenarios that involve EU roles for responding to transversal 

Results 

european-security.info

challenges (whose causes are external but whose effects are 

Website  : 

internal to the EU). This will be performed along five big themes : 

FOCUS elaborated five indicative scenarios to frame the 

http ://www.focusproject.eu

» different tracks regarding the comprehensive approach 
as followed by European institutions, Member States and 

alternative future security roles the EU could play by the 

year 2035. The aim was to use these scenarios to derive the 

future security research needed to support those EU roles.  

international strategic actors – including links between the 

The 2035 scenarios were: 

internal and external dimension of security ; 

» natural disasters and environment-related hazards, with 
an emphasis on comprehensive risk reduction, civil protec-

» The EU evolves into a common “securitisation model”. It rests 
on a much closer integration of national security research 

programmes with that of the EU to help Europe deal with 

tion and reconstruction ; 

security incidents.

Security Research  Security and society / Foresight, scenarios and security as an evolving concept 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FOCUS

551

» By 2035, competing national and regional policies beyond 
their borders are producing an increasingly fragmented 

Continuous cooperative vulnerability assessments involv-

ing as many countries as possible have become a priority.

world, split into tiny privileged elites versus the teeming 

masses of “have-nots.” The rapidly evolving risk for eve-

ryone is a disastrous collapse of society and civilisation.

» The EU is the governing authority of scientific and technologi-
cal innovations related to security of the citizen. Capability 

» Security management is a risk-driven process. Collabora-
tion between international organisations, member states, 

development leads to a convergence of research in the fields 

of civil security, policing needs, emergency response, and 

disaster management. This links the EU’s internal decision-

EU bodies, civil society organisations and the private sector 

making structures to its external strategic environment. 

via security data compilation, crowd sourcing and informa-

tion sharing has led to the establishment of a harmonised 

FOCUS’s foresight work led to its ultimate result: an IT-based 

risk management approach.

» The  EU’s policy to counter cyber-attacks is paramount since 
this form of societal defence has become all-encompassing 

for Europe’s economic, industrial, and scientific development. 

interactive roadmap for security research. Based on the 

project’s five indicative scenarios, it allows users to modulate 

its parameters to determine their most appropriate future 

research options.

PARTNERS 

SIGMUND FREUD PRIVATUNIVERSITAT WIEN GMBH (SFU-CEUSS) 
ATOS ORIGIN SOCIEDAD ANONIMA ESPAÑOLA (ATOS)  
BOC ASSET MANAGEMENT GMBH (BOC)  
INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES (CSDM)  
CROSS-BORDER RESEARCH ASSOCIATION (CBRA) 
INGENIERA DE SISTEMAS PARA LA DEFENSA DE ESPAÑA SA (ISDEFE)  
CESKE VYSOKE UCENI TECHNICKE V PRAZE (CVUT)  
SECEUR SPRL (SECEUR)  
UNIVERSITAET FUER WEITERBILDUNG KREMS (DUK)  
UNIVERSITY OF HAIFA (U HAIFA)  
UNIVERSITAET FUER BODENKULTUR WIEN (BOKU)  
INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE TECNICA AEROESPACIAL (INTA)  
CESS GMBH CENTRE FOR EUROPEAN SECURITY STRATEGIES (CESS)  

COUNTRY

Austria
Spain
Austria
Bulgaria
Switzerland
Spain
Czech Republic
Belgium
Austria
Israel
Austria
Spain
Germany

552

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

FORCE / FOResight Coordination for Europe

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

607858

Total Cost  

€ 1,056,513.40 

EU Contribution  

€ 930,510.74

Starting Date  

01/04/2014

Duration  

24 months

» To  examine  previous  Security  Research  foresight 
studies and horizon-scanning activities in FP7 and 

FORCE activities will include:

elsewhere in Europe 

» Examining outputs from Security Research projects 
funded in FP7 and other sources related to foresight 

» To produce, based on this work, a foresight model 
and intelligent decision support system (IDSS), which 

and horizon-scanning activities via: literature review, 

workshops; interviews; collaboration with national and 

is scalable with future foresight research activities 

international foresight networks

conducted in Europe. These tools will help policy makers 

and stakeholders in the security domain do strategic 

EFPC (UK) LTD

planning with regard to relevant trends and threats 

» Assessing methods used in security foresight studies 
in the last five years regarding their strengths and 

19 Broomburn Court, 14 

by using methodologies and information from avail-

weaknesses

Broomburn Drive

able studies. 

G77 5JG -  Newton Mearns 

Scotland

Contact

Michael Remes  

Tel  : +44 141 563 6853

Mobile  : +972 544 801 255

Fax  : +972 893 27362

E-mail  :  

michael@efpcgroup.com

Website  : www.efpcgroup.com 

» Identifying possible gaps between potential future 

threats and methods used so far

» Producing a foresight model that isscalable and sus-

tainable beyond the project’s life

» Developing  the IDSS as an end-user tool and producing 
and running test scenarios against which the system 

can be evaluated

» Supporting the visibility and take up of security re-
search results at stakeholder level, especially vis-a-vis 

end users through dissemination of the foresight model 

and corresponding IDSS

Results

FORCE (FOResight Coordination for Europe) aimed to 

solve the problems of collating and presenting security 

foresight information across a large number of projects, 

and to enable users to retrieve meaningful information 

from it. 

A foresight model was developed as the concept underly-

ing the ”FORCE Intelligent Decision Support Tool” (IDSS). 

Security Research  Security and society / Foresight, scenarios and security as an evolving conceptFORCE

553

Through this model, users can find and explore, identify, 

Brussels, were organised in January and March 2016. 

assess, relate, connect and compare outcomes, methods 

Nearly 60 security and security foresight specialists 

and projects from recent and current EU security fore-

reviewed, tested and validated the IDSS.

sight projects, as well as from studies beyond the EU. 

The IDSS tool was designed to be sustainable beyond 

IDSS was developed to assist policy makers and stake-

the project’s end. It can connect to external data sources 

holders in the security domain review security foresight 

and be populated with additional security foresight data. 

projects and studies in a structured way, so that their 

By the project’s conclusion information on 28 projects, 

information can be compared and contrasted, and to 

179 methods, 1977 findings, 643 people, 323 organi-

identify trends, risks and threats. This will help define 

sations and 231 documents has been entered into the 

short-term, mid-term, and long-term social and tech-

IDSS database.

nological trends. 

Work was carried out to integrate the Foresight model 

with the IDSS interface and database and to test the 

results. Two FORCE IDSS validation events, in Berlin and 

PARTNERS 

EFPC (UK) Ltd (EFPC) 
Globaz, S.A. (GLOBAZ) 
Technische Universitat Berlin (TUB) 
Inovamais – Servicos De Consultadoria Em Inovacao Tecnologica S.A. (INOVA+) 
Tel Aviv University (TAU), the Unit for Technology and Society Foresight 
Atos Spain S.A. 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
Portugal
Germany
Portugal
Israel
Spain

554

FORESEC /  Europe’s evolving security: drivers, trends and scenarios 

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

s
u

i
l

e
n
r
o
C
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Results 

218199

Total Cost  

€ 942,202

EU Contribution  

€ 942,202

Starting Date  

01/02/2008

End Date 

30/11/2009

FORESEC was a foresight project aimed at assessing the 

The main output of FORESEC was a series of specialist 

evolution of Europe’s security landscape in the coming 

reports. These included 12 country reports on national 

decade. Its goal was to identify likely upcoming security 

security strategies, a global trends report, a concept paper 

threats, and to categorise the potential added value in 

on European security, a threat taxonomy assessment and 

EU-level action for tackling such threats. Finally, the 

a scenario development report. 

project sought to suggest research priorities to support 

these goals. 

These key publications can be found for public consumption 

To fulfil this objective, FORESEC decided to create – or 

at: www.foresec.eu 

CRISIS MANAGEMENT 

where it already existed strengthen – networks of ex-

The development of an interactive web site for stakehold-

INITIATIVE 

perts from across various professions and backgrounds 

ers and the professional networking undertaken during the 

Pieni Roobertinkatu 13 B 

in European security. 

24-26 

00130 Helsinki 

Finland

Contact

Kristiina Rintakoski 

Tel  : +358 9 4242 810 

Fax  : +358 9 4242 8110

E-mail  :  

kristiina.rintakoski@cmi.fi

Website  :  

http://www.foresec.eu

projects workshops can also be seen to have contributed to 

the development of security expert groups at the EU level. 

A particular focus of this research was on the potential 

added value of EU level cooperation in security. FORESEC 

research shows that the EU’s combination of “effective 

multilateralism” – the benefits of international institution 

membership, resource and knowledge sharing – combined 

with the EU’s natural comparative advantage in combining 

civilian, military and diplomatic spheres, are all positive 

contributions to Member State security policy. EU level 

policy also allows smaller states to benefit from capabilities 

and insights beyond their individual means.

Yet despite these advantages, FORESEC research – in-

cluding six national research workshops – shows that a 

shared concept of security does not yet exist amongst 

Member States. An appreciation of national approaches 

is thus encouraged.

Looking forward, FORESEC recommends that future se-

curity research should shift from a state centric approach 

to one that acknowledges the comprehensive and citizen-

centred strategies now advocated in most national security 

strategies.

Security Research  Security and society / Foresight, scenarios and security as an evolving concept 
 
 
 
FORESEC

555

PARTNERS 

Crisis Management Initiative 
Austrian Research Centres System Research 
International Institute for Strategic Studies 
Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Centre for Liberal Studies 
European Commission - Joint Research Centre (JRC) 

COUNTRY

Finland
Austria
United Kingdom
Sweden
Bulgaria
Italy

556

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

n
o
s
l
i

W

t
r
e
b
o
R

L
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SIAM / Security Impact Assessment Measures

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°    

Project objectives

security measures and technologies, SIAM integrates 

the practical experience with such technologies into the 

261826

Total Cost  

€ 2,777,307.68

EU Contribution   

€ 2,168,640

Starting Date   

01/02/2011

Duration  

36 months

The SIAM decision support system will ease the complex-

decision support system, as it will be flanked by extensive 

ity associated with the assessment of security meas-

literature reviewing and the gathering of the knowledge 

ures and technologies. Where today decision makers 

of Europe’s leading security and civil rights experts. The 

have to oversee a wide range of relevant knowledge 

practitioner perspective will be extended by state of the 

from different academic fields and national and cultural 

art knowledge. SIAM will also complement the state of 

interests, SIAM will provide knowledge needed for as-

the art of SMTs and CITs by analyzing research projects 

sessing security technologies in a structured manner. 

for future technologies. This will be accomplished by 

The objective of SIAM is to produce a SIAM database 

conducting Delphi studies and interviews with leading 

and guidelines that allow quick access to information, 

experts in this domain of research. 

TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY 

not only on the effectiveness and the cost-benefit ratio 

BERLIN

but also on societal, ethical and legal aspects of security 

SIAM is also analyzing threats towards SMTs and its 

Centre for Technology and 

technologies. The interdisciplinary character of SIAM 

efficiency and effectiveness to counter them. By analyz-

Society

makes it unique. The participation of seven leading aca-

ing past incidents, SIAM will develop threat scenarios 

Human Technology Lab

demic institutions from five countries and partners in the 

on which it will test the implemented and future tech-

Hardenbergstraße 16-18

security research guarantees a high level of variety of 

nologies. 

10623 Berlin,  

perspectives. Additionally, the involvement of end users 

Germany

Contact 

Dr. Leon Hempel

Tel  : +49 (30) 314 25373

provides an empirical base for the theoretical research.

Focus is also directed at freedom infringements by SMTs 

Description of the work 

and at how effective CITs can be implemented. The legal 

dimension of technology assessment will be scrutinized 

in order to take accountability and transparency criteria 

Mobile  :  

SIAM will combine various methodologies to conduct the 

into account when assessing SMTs. 

+49 (0) 176 111 20 400

research. SIAM entails four case study partners to gather 

Fax  : +49 (30) 314 26917

field information in security measures and technologies 

Beyond that, SIAM is building an actor network to initial-

E-mail  :  

(SMTs) as well as counter infringement technologies 

ize the relationships needed for sustained cooperation 

hempel@ztg.tu-berlin.de

(CITs). The new capital airport Berlin Brandenburg Inter-

and future fruitful interaction in the field of security. 

Website  :  

national (BBI) will introduce state of the art technolo-

Participative elements such as stakeholder conferences 

www.siam-project.eu

gies and will be one of the most modern airports on 

open up the security field to a wider public and include 

the European continent. SIAM will also compare airport 

more actors in the process.

security with the well established Ben Gurion Airport Tel 

Aviv, which uses a different approach in airport security. 

As a contrasting case, SIAM also focuses on the pub-

lic transportation systems of London and Turin. SIAM 

will compare the London transportation, which is large 

and long standing, with the newly constructed full au-

tomatic transportation system in Turin. By conducting 

these four case studies featuring a significant level of 

Security Research  Security and society / Foresight, scenarios and security as an evolving concept 
 
 
 
 
 
SIAM

557

Results

To decide on new SMTs is a complex task that requires 

the decision maker to evaluate a great number of het-

erogeneous aspects. SIAM ties together these aspects 

and reduces their complexity by providing a number of 

guidelines and a database for easy decision making. 

One major impact is that SIAM will continue to close 

this gap between the threat perspective and the free-

dom perspective that still characterizes the security 

field strongly. This will help to protect the freedom of 

European citizens and passengers, foster accountability 

and transparency in the use of security technology and 

help to avoid economic loss caused by investment flops 

and a lack of acceptance.

PARTNERS 

Technical University Berlin (TUB) 
University of Kassel (UNIKASSEL) 
University of Newcastle (UNEW) 
Kingston University London (KU) 
Higher Institute on Territorial System for Innovation Torino (SITI) 
Tel Aviv University (ICTAF) 
Vrije Universiteit Brussels (VUB) 

COUNTRY

Germany
Germany
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Italy
Israel
Belgium

558

O
N
T
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

BESECURE / Best practice Enhancers for Security in Urban Regions

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

285222

Total Cost  

€ 4,321,420.40

EU Contribution  

€ 3,468,092

Starting Date  

01/04/2012

End Date  

31/03/2015

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

NEDERLANDSE  

ORGANISATIE VOOR 

TOEGEPAST NATUUR-

WETENSCHAPPELIJK 

ONDERZOEK

TNO Behavioural  

Urban security is a complex challenge to modern urban 

The project ‘Best practice Enhancers for Security in 

environments. Many factors influence urban security, 

Urban Regions’ (BESECURE) worked towards a better 

from the physical layout to the social and economic 

understanding of urban security through examination 

makeup of urban zones, from the national landscape 

of different European urban areas. In each area, the 

to the daily practices of local public services. Europe 

BESECURE project interacted with local policy makers 

has seen rapid expansion of its urban environments, 

and stakeholders to learn local best practices on urban 

and the rise of new types of communities due to mi-

security, and on which basis they are made. This included 

gration, economic tensions and social developments. 

an appreciation of the data and background informa-

Unfortunately, this has also resulted in recent instances 

tion available to policy makers, and a characterisation 

of urban unrest and failing urban regeneration plans. 

of the area on aspects relevant to urban security, such 

These developments demand a better understanding of 

as social and cultural makeup of the target area, the 

urban security throughout Europe, and a more sensible 

economic state, crime rates and the public perception 

policy development to create safer urban environments. 

of security. By comparing the outcomes of the case 

The BESECURE project aimed to contribute to this chal-

understanding of the underlying factors that impact the 

studies, the BESECURE project gained a comprehensive 

and Societal Sciences

lenge through comparative exploration of urban secu-

effectiveness of urban security policies. The knowledge 

Schoemakerstraat 97

rity in Europe, and providing policy makers with shared 

and data gathered throughout the project were used 

PO Box 6060

2600 JA Delft,  

The Netherlands

Contact

knowledge and informative policy support tools. 

to devise tools that can alert policy makers to security 

issues in their target area and help them comprehend 

Description of the work

the effectiveness of their interventions.

Heather Griffioen-Young

Recent instances of urban unrest have once again shown 

The BESECURE project worked with the following urban 

Tel  : +31 8886 65931

that seemingly small events can trigger a sudden es-

regions : Belfast (UK), The Hague (NL), Freiburg (GER), 

Mobile  : +31 6224 61065

calation of unrest in neighbourhoods that have been 

London Tower Hamlets (UK), London Lewisham (UK), 

Fax  : +31 3463 53977

under social tension for a prolonged period of time. In 

Naples (IT), Reggio di Calabria (IT), Poznan (PL). 

E-mail  :  

order to prevent such escalations, policy makers should 

heather.griffioen@tno.nl

understand the interdependency of factors that affect the 

Website  :  

urban area in question, and base their policies on that 

www.besecure-project.eu

comprehension. However, in reality, most decisions are 

made on the basis of local, long-standing best practices. 

Given the universal importance of urban security, it is 

vital to share knowledge and practices among stakehold-

ers throughout Europe, and to jointly work on a better 

common understanding of urban security.

Security Research  Security and society / Organisational structure and cultures of public users 
BESECURE

559

Results

Platform helps policy makers find relevant practices from 

other cities from a repository of practices and publica-

The BESECURE project aims to improve the way policy 

tions. The Urban Data Platform provides easy-to-use data 

makers use knowledge, experiences and data in the urban 

visualisation and analysis features, and includes an early 

security decision-making processes. We developed novel 

warning system that can project the evolution of data 

tools that emphasize knowledge sharing and evidence-

into the near future. The Policy Support Platform guides 

based policy design, grounded in an extensive review of 

users through a step-wise policy design process, and 

urban security practices from across Europe. Through 

helps build up an evidence-base from stored practices 

case studies in eight urban areas (Belfast, The Hague, 

and publications. The system also includes a versatile 

Freiburg, London Tower Hamlets and Lewisham, Naples, 

risk-assessment tool that allows for critical assessment 

Reggio di Calabria, Poznan), we gathered a wide set of 

of a policy proposals. 

practices that give inspiring insights into urban secu-

rity approaches across Europe. These practices were 

captured through a robust information structure that 

enables analysis, comparison and sharing. The BESE-

CURE support system brings these innovations together 

through three interconnected platforms. The Inspirational 

PARTNERS 

Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
University of Ulster (UU) 
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer-EMI) 
Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg (ALU) 
ITTI Sp.zo.o. (ITTI) 
The Stephen Lawrence Charitable Trust (SLCT) 
Downey Hynes Limited (DHP) 
JVM Limited (JVM) 
Crabbe Consulting Ltd. (CCLD) 
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) 
Università degli Studi Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria (UMRC) 
Experian Nederland BV (EXP) 
Stichting Dr. Hilda Verwey-Jonker Instituut (VJI) 
Institute for Housing and Urban Development Studies B.V. (EUR) 

COUNTRY

The Netherlands
United Kingdom
Germany
Germany
Poland
United Kingdom
Ireland
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Italy
Italy
The Netherlands
The Netherlands
The Netherlands

560

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-
N
E
J
2
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

EUSECON /  A new agenda for european security economics 

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

218105

Total Cost  

€ 3,009,542.74

EU Contribution  

€ 2,357,188

Starting Date  

01/03/2008

End Date  

30/04/2012

EUSECON strives to create an analytical framework for 

EUSECON’s strategy focuses on utilizing an overarching 

complementary research within the discipline of secu-

theoretical framework to relate human-induced security 

rity economics. This framework relates human-induced 

threats, such as terrorism or organised crime, to other 

insecurity (terrorism and organised crime) to other forms 

forms of insecurity such as natural disasters, industrial 

of insecurity (industrial accidents, natural disasters, geo-

accidents, and conflict. 

political insecurity) and security measures. 

Beyond creating this framework and defining the field 

of security economics, EUSECON provides policy advice 

GERMAN INSTITUTE FOR 

for security policy makers, security research programme 

It will employ the following methods :

»  Acknowledging Historical Context : The work strategy 
will revisit occurrences of insecurity in their historical 

ECONOMIC RESEARCH

makers, and security research analysts. This is achieved 

contexts, going beyond identifying the conceptual and 

Department of International 

by focusing scholarship on the relationships between hu-

pra ctical similarities and differences between forms 

Economics

man-induced insecurity (terrorism and organised crime), 

of insecurity;

Mohrenstr. 58, 10117 Berlin  

security provision, and the prevailing socio-economic 

Germany

Contact

policy framework. 

» Analyzing Perceptions of Insecurity : Efforts will be fo-
cused on understanding the responses of stakeholders 

Prof. Dr. Tilman Brück

EUSECON will investigate the relationship between se-

of various levels, on differentiating between inter- and 

Tel  : +49 30 89789 591

curity, insecurity, and the economy by drawing on the 

intranational conflict, and on understanding the histori-

Fax  : +49 30 89789 108

research activities of the project participants, the most 

cal notions of insecurity among the different member 

E-mail  : tbrueck@diw.de

relevant European players in this field. 

states of the EU;

Website  : www.economics-of-

security.eu/eusecon

This research capacity has allowed research to focus on 

the underlying micro-economic processes and resulting 

» Filling Knowledge Gaps : A research stra tegy will be 
implemented that strives to fill data gaps and overcome 

macro-economic impacts both conceptually and in the  

the current methodological problems in order to ac-

European context.

count for the economic repercussions of security and  

insecurity.

Results

The results of the project are available on the CORDIS 

website http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/security.

Security Research  Security and society / Security economics  
 
 
EUSECON

561

PARTNERS 

German Institute for Economic Research 
Institute for Peace Research and Security Policy at the University of Hamburg 
Economics Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic  
Charles University Prague 
University of Patras 
The Chancellor, Masters and Scholars of the University of Oxford 
Ingeniería de Sistemas para la Defensa de España, S.A. 
Basque University 
RAND Europe 
Hebrew University Jerusalem 
University of Thessaly 
University of Linz 
International Peace Research Institute, Oslo 
Institute of Social Studies 
Athens University of Economics and Business - Research Center (AUEB-RC) 

COUNTRY

Germany
Germany
Czech Republic 
Czech Republic 
Greece
United Kingdom 
Spain
Spain
United Kingdom 
Israel
Greece
Austria
Norway
The Netherlands
Greece

562

.

m
o
c
o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

-

r
e

l
l

e
u
M
h
c
i
r
l
U
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SECONOMICS / Socio-Economics meets Security

Grant Agreement N° 

Project objectives

285223

Total Cost  

€ 4,723,323.44

EU Contribution  

€ 3,451,096.14

Starting Date  

01/02/2012

End Date  

31/01/2015

UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI  

STUDI DI TRENTO

Policy makers are often in the unenviable position of 

The initial task was to identify the concrete issues in 

having to make regulatory and investment decisions 

security missions for these case studies. Once the menu 

on security based on incomplete information about the 

of security missions has been characterized, R&D work-

risk structure, and unknown or unknowable preferences 

packages (WP4, WP5, WP6), then began to characterize 

of their stakeholders. The presence of Knightian uncer-

the threats and distillate socio-economic methodologies 

tainty (i.e., uncertainty of uncertainty and uncertainty 

based on rigorous and well-developed methodologies 

of the outcomes in security problems) renders many 

from the social sciences, risk and operations research, 

conventional “rules of thumb”, or “broad policy gener-

and economics and systems models.

alizations”, unworkable.

SECONOMICS was a collaborative project on the socio-

» WP4 identified the qualitative societal impact scenar-
ios, from the future or emergent threat. Quantification 

Department of Information 

economics of security, with a specific focus on the inter-

of the social cost was made by contingent valuation;

Engineering

play between information security and physical security, 

and Computer Science

driven by three key cases studies in critical infrastructure 

Via Sommarive 14

protection : in international air transportation, in local 

» WP5’s role was in the identification of the outcome 
space and associated risk measures. In addition WP5 

38123 Povo, Trento, Italy

transportation and in energy distribution. These sec-

analysed the threat environment and potential security 

Contact

Fabio Massacci

tors are all critical to the economic and social lives of 

measures and their effectiveness;

EU member states. The scientific approach integrated 

Tel  : +39 0461 282086

expertise into social, economic, system and risk modelling 

Mobile  : +39 329 2105004

and provided a basis for initial developments of decision-

» WP6 developed economic and systems models of the 
policy interactions with the architecture of the physical 

Fax  : +39 0461 283987

support methodologies and tools for policy makers.

and ICT system under threat and developed an optimal 

E-mail  :  

Fabio.Massacci@unitn.it

Website  : www.seconomics.eu

Description of the work

set of policy tools and control instruments designed 

to optimally deal with the future or emergent threat, 

subject to social cost constraints;

The  SECONOMICS  project  was  primarily  structured 

around three case studies that were designed to ad-

dress the core themes of the call and can be applied 

» WP7 consolidated the results of the three case stud-
ies to cross-mission relevance results and assisted in 

to the majority of the missions that are outlined within 

consolidating the validation assessment between WP4, 

the CORDIS Cooperation Security Theme. They covered :

WP5 and WP6. Loosely speaking it was “hand-booking” 

» WP1 : Airports and airport security ;

» WP2 : Critical Power Infrastructure ;

» WP3 : Regional and Urban Transport.

the results of the concrete case studies;

» WP8 provided the necessary computer-aided support 
to manage real data, by providing tools that map the 

research models either to collected or to simulated data 

(for instance backing out the policy parameters from 

structural models of economic risk and risk preferences);

Security Research  Security and society / Security economics  
 
 
 
 
SECONOMICS

563

» A specific WP (WP9) was devoted to the issue of dis-

makers who seek to identify optimal policy options for 

semination and exploitation.

emerging security problems. 

Results

One example was the treatment of risk-based vs. rule-

based security policies: the choice of the optimal policy 

SECONOMICS achieved a methodological revolution in 

for regulating the security of energy transmission op-

security policy modeling by integrating sociological, eco-

erators was discussed at the UK Cabinet Office, and 

nomic, and security science into usable and actionable 

was further presented at an EU presidency meeting for 

models for policy-makers responsible for civil protection 

DG-HOME and a DG-ECHO by an ENTSOE representative. 

and critical infrastructure protection. An important aspect 

A part of the project methodologies was also embed-

of the project has been a continuous validation loop 

ded into an amendment to the Common Vulnerability 

with key stakeholders (e.g., National Grid security team, 

Scoring System, the worldwide standard for software 

the UK/US Energy Transmission Operator, the Council of 

vulnerability assessment.

Airport Directors etc.). This has allowed the project to 

distill an evidence-based policy toolkit to assist decision-

PARTNERS 

UNIVERSITA’ DEGLI STUDI DI TRENTO (UNITN) 
DEEP BLUE SRL (DBL) 
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer) 
UNIVERSIDAD REY JUAN CARLOS (URJC) 
THE UNIVERSITY COURT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN (UNIABDN) 
FERROCARRIL METROPOLITA DE BARCELONA SA (TMB) 
ATOS SPAIN SA (ATOS) 
SECURENOK AS (SNOK) 
INSTITUTE OF SOCIOLOGY OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC  
PUBLIC RESEARCH INSTITUTION (ISAS CR) 
NATIONAL GRID ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION PLC (NGRID) 
ANADOLU UNIVERSITY (AU) 

COUNTRY

Italy
Italy
Germany
Spain
United Kingdom
Spain
Spain
Norway

Czech Republic
United Kingdom
Turkey

564

VALUESEC /Mastering the Value Function of Security Measures

c
e
S
e
u
a
V
©

l

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°   

Project objectives

Description of the work 

261742

Total Cost  

€ 4,473,885

EU Contribution   

€ 3,443,210.10

Starting Date   

01/02/2011

End Date  

31/01/2014

FRAUNHOFER  

The objective of the ValueSec project was to develop a 

ValueSec brought together an interdisciplinary team of 

tool-set to support decision makers with overall policy 

researchers and end-users to generate a knowledge 

objectives, political and ethical values as well as soci-

base of the current state and trends in theory and in 

etal concerns. To achieve this, the consortium developed 

practical applications of methods of economics, applied 

means to make costs and benefits associated with deci-

to security decision making. The project’s main challenge 

sions on security more transparent. The objectives of 

was to combine economic factors and societal effects of 

the project were  :

security measures into a “value function” to establish a 

basis for a cost-benefit approach. In effect, the project 

» Objective 1 : To survey the field of security economics, 
and the field of applicability of cost-benefit-tools and 

brought together quantitative and qualitative information 

and combined it in a common methodological framework 

GESELLSCHAFT ZUR 

their links to societal issues relevant to security ;

and integrated it into a decision support tool. 

FÖRDERUNG  

DER ANGEWANDTEN 

FORSCHUNG E.V.

Fraunhofer Institute  

for Factory Operation  

and Automation IFF

Sandtorstrasse 22

39106 Magdeburg 

Germany

Contact 

Christian Blobner

Tel  : +49 391 4090 371

» Objective 2 : To provide a tool-set for the analysis 
of cost and benefits of security measures, based on 

The consortium was gathering inputs from public decision 

makers regarding their requirements for an efficient cost-

explicit requirements of policy level end-users ;

benefit analysis in a security framework. Additionally, 

» Objective 3 : To test and validate the developed tool-

far they were applicable to meet the decision maker’s 

current approaches in cost-benefit analysis and in how 

set in realistic use cases ;

» Objective 4 : To evaluate the results from different 
perspectives of decision makers in security, from the 

policy, economic and societal point of view; and 

requirements were surveyed and mapped onto avail-

able methodologies. This was a major research effort 

for the subsequent integration into a software-based 

decision support tool.

ValueSec ensured the applicability of the developed 

Fax  : +49 391 4090 93 901

» Objective 5 : To determine the research needs and to 

approach and the subsequent software tool through 

E-mail  : Christian.blobner@iff.

give recommendations for further R&D.

validation in realistic use cases. These use cases were 

fraunhofer.de

Website  : www.valuesec.eu/

built around typical scenarios for decisions in a secu-

rity context. These use cases were developed in close 

cooperation with end-users and external stakeholders 

to guarantee maximum relevance. End-user input was 

provided by the Valencia Local Police, which which also 

provided an application scenario for a use case validation. 

Valencia provided ample opportunities to validate the 

developed approach and the subsequent support tool, 

e.g. in a use case comprising strategic planning elements 

for the Formula One Grand Prix organized in the city.

Security Research  Security and society / Security economics  
 
VALUESEC

565

Results

costs and benefits of security measures. Based on the 

individual and consolidated results of ValueSec’s analysis 

The ValueSec project developed a decision support meth-

pillars, decision makers will have a better opportunity to 

odology and accompanying software prototype tool for 

make decisions based on their individual preferences. In 

policy level stakeholders in the field of security. The 

this respect, it should be noted that ValueSec does not 

main characteristic of the methodology and tool is to 

provide for a “total-optimiser” solution, which provides 

provide an expanded cost-benefit analysis taking into 

decision makers with the “optimal solution” or “best de-

account three separate pillars of analysis, namely a Risk 

cision”. Instead, the ValueSec tool will provide a better 

Reduction Assessment, a (strictly monetary) Cost Benefit 

fundamental reason to base a decision on.

Assessment, and a Qualitative Criteria Assessment.

With the development of the methodology and tool, the 

ValueSec consortium aimed to support policy decision 

makers in the field of security to make better informed 

decisions. The developed ValueSec methodology and the 

subsequent software implementation in the so-called 

ValueSec toolset, increased the transparency of potential 

PARTNERS 

Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer-IFF) 
VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT) 
Centre for European Security Strategies (CESS) 
International Peace Research Institute (PRIO) 
University of Stavanger (UIS) 
ATOS Origin S.A. (Atos) 
Institute of Innovative Technologies (EMAG) 
White Cyber Knight (WCK) 
Policía Local de Valencia (VPD) 

COUNTRY

Germany
Finland
Germany
Norway
Norway
Spain
Poland
Israel
Spain

566

.

m
o
c
o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

-

g
t
i
a
B
n
a
i
t
s
i
r
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

ARCHIMEDES /  Support to security end users 

Grant Agreement N°   

Project objectives

Description of the work 

285061

Total Cost    

€  1,539,056

EU Contribution   

€ 1,353,848

Starting Date   

01/01/2012

End Date  

31/12/2014

EUROPEAN  

ORGANISATION  

FOR SECURITY

ARCHIMEDES’ mission was to increase the R&T uptake in 

ARCHIMEDES carried out research on Innovation Man-

Europe by focusing on end-users & operators’ needs and 

agement tools, procedures and best practices (e.g. on 

involvement in the innovation cycle. To do that it aimed at 

Pre-Commercial Procurement, regulations, standardisa-

promoting a sustainable public – private dialogue between 

tion, etc.), end-users & operators’ early R&T demand 

the demand and the supply side, and at making European 

and common operational needs. In addition to testing, 

research activities more end-user friendly, for a better 

validation and certification issues in the security domain, 

identification of capability gaps and operational needs. 

it also looked into possible improvements of the legal 

ARCHIMEDES facilitated end-users & operators’ participa-

and operational environment.

tion in security Research & Innovation programmes and 

made recommendations on how the innovation process 

The results consisted of recommendations that were ex-

from basic research through to development, standardiza-

plored, refined and validated with end-users & operators 

tion, certification and validation and finally deployment 

during several sector-specific roundtables. These round-

Avenue de Tervuren 270

could be improved. 

B-1150 Brussels, Belgium

Contact

Moureen Schobert

Tel : +32 2 775 82 97

Mobile : +32 483 227 941

Fax : +32 2 775 81 12

E-mail : moureen.schobert@

eos-eu.com 

Website : www.eos-eu.com

tables were held in different EU countries and gathered 

existing networks of end-users and operators to support 

a dialogue and exchange information.

These networks were then organised and linked through 

a “Virtual Forum for Security End-Users & Operators.” 

This forum continuously informed and encouraged the 

debate among end-users on R&T activities, funding, new 

EU regulations and other developments that might im-

pact their ability to innovate. 

ARCHIMEDES had the unique opportunity to maximise its 

impact on the planning of European and national security 

research activities by leveraging its Partners’ established 

links with policy-makers. ARCHIMEDES guaranteed the 

follow-up of the project results by making them avail-

able to the broadest network of European, local and 

national stakeholders.

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / End user 
 
 
 
 
ARCHIMEDES

567

Results

specific operational needs in 10 key security market 

areas, and on building strong public-private dialogue. 

The EU-funded ARCHIMEDES project is a proposed solution 

They specifically target security end users and operators, 

to redefine security innovation in Europe through 10 round-

the EC’s Security Research Programme, and European 

table discussions held in different European countries. It 

and national policymakers. In addition, a manual was 

supports the validation of research results and exploitation 

produced to familiarise end users and operators with 

by bringing demand and supply closer together.

European research procedures and funding schemes, 

and participation and application processes.

To provide end users with tools, procedures and best 

practices for maximising R&I outcomes, project partners 

Finally, a European network of national organisations for 

developed an innovation management methodology to 

security was proposed in order to establish permanent 

foster a common innovation management culture among 

dialogue and sustainable cooperation between organi-

end users and operators.

sations within the EU tasked with coordinating national 

security demand and supply.

The project delivered a series of recommendations on 

innovative management practices, end user and opera-

tor needs for R&I participation and funding schemes, 

PARTNERS 

European Organisation for Security (EOS) 
Ministerio Del Interior (MIR-ES) 
Ingeniera De Sistemas Para La Defensa De España SA-ISDEFE (ISDEFE) 
Universite catholique De Louvain (UCL) 
Haut Comite Francais Defense Civile (HCFDC) 
German European Security Association EV (GESA) 
Przemyslowly Instytut Automatyki I Pomiarow (PIAP) 
@ Mediaservice.Net SRL (MEDIASERVICE) 

COUNTRY

Belgium
Spain
Spain
Belgium
France
Germany
Poland
Italy

568

EU-SEC II /  Coordinating National Research Programmes  
and Policies on Security at Major Events in Europe  

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°   

Project objectives 

Results 

218076

Total Cost    

€ 2,829,013.06 

EU Contribution   

€ 2,527,000 

Starting Date   

01/07/2008

End Date   

31/10/2011

UNITED NATIONS  

INTERREGIONAL 

EU SEC II was a coordination action organized by the 

A key component of the project was the desire to avoid 

United Nations Inter-regional Crime and Justice Research 

duplication of efforts and to incorporate the lessons 

Institute (UNICRI), Europol and 22 European countries to 

learned and best practices already established into the 

develop the research cooperation begun by the first EU-

House. A series of meeting allowed partners to elaborate 

SEC project (concluded in 2008). 

common research priorities and policies endorsed by the 

whole research consortium.

EU-SEC II aimed to establish a comprehensive EU-wide 

network of national authorities in the field of Major Event 

One of EU-SEC II’s objectives was to investigate which 

security as well as common security planning standards 

services the House could offer, focusing in particular on 

to foster future European coordination in this area.

public-private partnerships (PPPs), common research 

standards and media management. The final output 

CRIME AND JUSTICE 

Its ultimate goal was the creation of the “European House 

was a pilot research strategic roadmap to direct future 

RESEARCH INSTITUTE 

of Major Events Security” (known as “the House”) – a coor-

research priorities.

Security Governance  

dination tool to provide technical assistance to Major Event 

and Counter-Terrorism 

security planners on the basis of commonly elaborated 

To validate these ideas, EU-SEC II tested the services to 

Laboratory

10127- Turin 

Italy

Contact
Alberto Pietro Contaretti 
Tel : +39 011 6537 111

Fax : +39 011 6313 368

E-mail : contaretti@unicri.it 

Website : www.eu-secii.org

planning methodologies. In this way, the House will contrib-

be offered by the House in relation to seven Major Events. 

ute to the realization of the objectives of the EU Internal 

These were: the 2009 Champions League Final held in 

Security Strategy and the Stockholm Programme: the 

Rome, Italy; the Climate Change Conference 2009 held in 

achievement of a common European policing approach.

Copenhagen, Denmark; the Pope’s 2010 visit to Cyprus; 

the 2011 Champions League Final held in Madrid, Spain; 

the EU Presidencies of Hungary in 2011 and Cyprus in 

2012; and, the 2011 G20  meeting held in France.

Finally, a manual was produced to guide ownership and 

operation of the House. The Manual lays the foundations 

for the further development of international coordination 

services aimed at improving and strengthening European 

level cooperation in Major Event security research and 

planning. It includes a detailed description of the Coor-

dination Tools and Methodologies (CTMs) to be made 

available to European security planners via the House.

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / End user 
 
EU-SEC II

569

I
I

C
E
S
-
U
E
©

These efforts produced the following benefits:

» stronger cooperation and coordination among the rel-
evant security stakeholders, including the private sector, 

to develop integrated and comprehensive operational 

security plans;

» implementation of specific training curricula to dis-
seminate common policing methods and a culture of 

increased attention to the development of relationships 

with the general public and the media.

PARTNERS 

United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute 
Europol 
Bundesministerum für Inneres / Ministry of the Interior 
German Police University 
Cuerpo Nacional de Policía 
Ministry of the Interior / Police Department 
Direction Générale de la Police Nationale 
Metropolitan Police Service 
An Garda Siochana 
Ministero degli Interni 
Ministry of Justice 
Ministry of the Interior / Higher Institute on Police Sciences and Internal Security 
Centre for Security Studies 
Police Academy of Latvia 
Ministry of Interior and Administration Reform  General Inspectorate of the Romanian Police 
Ministry of Interior of the Slovak Republic 
Academy of the Ministry of the Interior 
Policijska uprava Maribor 
Personal Protection and Law Enforcement Police 
Cyprus Police 
Hungarian National Police Headquarters 
Malta Police Force 
Swedish National Police Board 
National Police Department / National Police College 
Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Latvia (State Police) 

COUNTRY

Italy
The Netherlands
Austria
Germany
Spain
Finland
France
United Kingdom
Ireland
Italy
The Netherlands
Portugal
Greece
Latvia
Romania
Slovakia
Bulgaria
Slovenia
Estonia
Cyprus
Hungary
Malta
Sweden
Denmark
Latvia

 
 
570

.

m
o
c
o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
s
i

-

g
t
i
a
B
n
a
i
t
s
i
r
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

INNOSEC /  Innovation management models for security 
organisations 

Grant Agreement N°   

Project objectives

285663

Total Cost    

€ 1,651,765

EU Contribution   

€ 1,289,778

Starting Date   

01/02/2012

End Date  

31/01/2014 

The aim of the Project was to develop a novel innovation 

model for the security sector based on networked relation-

» Tested the Innosec model. The modular innovation 
model previously developed was customised and tested 

ships between the actors and its associate organisational 

in end-user organisations;

framework that allowed end-users to develop the ability 

to handle and utilise currently available and forthcoming 

innovations. It fostered the balance between innovation 

» Developed an Implementation Roadmap that guided 
public and private security providers as well as their 

strategies, creating dynamic capabilities, and including 

regulatory bodies and other stakeholders towards a 

absorptive capacity, allowing adequate structural and 

successful implementation of the novel model.

cultural organisational conditions that permited them to 

FUNDACIÓN TECNALIA 

handle real environmental threats. This balance between 

RESEARCH &  

INNOVATION

a flexible model for implementing innovation management 

and the respect for current practices in general manage-

Results

Innovation and Society 

ment and operation was called the InnoSec paradigm.

Division

Parque Tecnológico de 

Bizkaia. Edificio 204

E-48170, Zamudio  

(Bizkaia), Spain

Contact

Amaia Sopelana

Tel : +34 946 400 450

Description of the work 

InnoSec’s results were:

- A complete modular innovation management model 

that includes both organisational aspects such as in-

novation strategy and the cultural and human resources 

In order to achieve the objectives of the project the 

environment, and the practical aspects of selecting, de-

consortium :

signing, and implementing specific innovations in, tech-

nology innovations. The model is provided as a theoretical 

Mobile : +34 667 17 89 33

E-mail : amaia.sopelana@

» Analysed the end-user organisations’ environment and 
innovation management processes. By analysing the 

framework where each element or module is broken 

down into innovation practices in a way that it is possible 

tecnalia.com

Website : 

operating environment and identifying end-users’ cur-

for any organisation to partially or completely apply it 

rent practices of innovation management, lessons were 

since the modules are loosely coupled.

www.innosec-project.eu

drawn for the development of an innovation model;

» Analysed models of innovation and innovation manage-
ment processes in non-security sectors. A development 

- An implementation roadmap composed of diagnosis 

and decision making tools. These have proven to be key in 

the actual implementation of InnoSec since they enable 

of a typology of these innovation models and practices 

the organisation to collect knowledge about innovation 

was conducted, in respect of their suitability for differ-

practices currently in place and assess the gap between 

ent types of embedding organisational environments;

them and the objectives that the management considers 

» Developed a modular innovation model for security 
organisations (Innosec Model). This model aimed at 

with or without the help of external consultants, each 

organisation is then able to select the modules that 

helping these organisations to design and implement 

contribute to bridge apparent gaps or reach excellence 

innovation management processes and practices; 

in the areas already deemed strong.

adequate in their plans. Supported by an on-line tool and 

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / End user 
 
 
 
 
INNOSEC

571

- An exploitation plan for the expansion of InnoSec to 

measurement and evaluation, legal issues, and training. 

the security organisations in Europe. The plan suggests 

A more specific list of research arising from questions 

a development of awareness raising and commercial 

not completely responded to during the project is offered 

activity depending on the type of security organisations, 

separately in a future research map which addresses 

both public and private, taking into account size or spread, 

more academic themes such as innovation niches, risk 

but also the modality of collaboration, including external 

aversion, role of procurement or social expectations.

consultants or mixed teams.

- A report of potential new topics for the research pro-

beyond the commitment of the contract with the EC (end 

gramme drawn from the issues encountered both during 

of January 2015). Moreover, InnoSec is being presented 

the research and during the implementation tests in the 

at conferences and workshops such as the International 

- Dissemination of InnoSec continues via its website 

end-users associated to the project. The topics are clas-

Police Course. 

sified according to these research areas: data handling, 

technology watch, societal impacts, funding, innovation 

PARTNERS 

Fundación Tecnalia Research & Innovation (TECNALIA) 
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer) 
Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus (VTT) 
Ministerio de Defensa de España (MDE) 
Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH (AIT) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
The University of Manchester (UNIMAN) 
Österreichisches Rotes Kreuz – Austrian Red Cross (ÖRK ARC) 
Prosegur Compañía de Seguridad SA (PROSEGUR) 

COUNTRY

Spain
Germany
Finland
Spain
Sweden
Austria
The Netherlands
United Kingdom
Austria
Spain

572

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
f

-

r
e
m
m
o
r
t

m
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

INSEC /  Increase Innovation and Research within Security Organisations 

Grant Agreement N°   

Project objectives

Activity 1 - Analysis and Studies

285287

Total Cost    

€ 1,576,867.60

EU Contribution   

€ 1,126,862 

Starting Date   

01/04/2012

End Date  

31/07/2014

The INSec project was striving to improve the Innovation 

and Research processes within the security organisations, 

» Analyse the main aspects of Innovation Management 
in the security-related operators (end-users), both 

so that they can integrate new technologies, enabling 

public and private;

them to evaluate novel approaches and services dedi-

cated to the safety of citizens.

The project focused on two main areas :

» Assess the Level of Innovation inside the organisation;
» Foster new business models for Security;
» Promote the security and privacy requirements at the 
early stages of systems development (“Security and 

Privacy by design”);

» Analyse and evaluate the impact of new technologies 

and review their legal implications.

ALMA CONSULTING 

GROUP SAS

» The development of a new internal innovation manage-
ment model. This allowed the security organisations 

to better manage both the financial impacts and the 

Innovation Department

added value of innovating projects;

Activity 2 - Innovation Ideas and Technology boost

55, Rue René Cassin

CP 418 

» The development of an external innovation platform 
in order to promote the networking between European 

69338 Lyon France

security SMEs and public/private security organisations. 

» Create a new innovation model based on the needs of 
security organisations identified during the creativity 

Contact

This increased the visibility of SMEs among security 

sessions;

Michel MOULINET

organisations and henced diversify the range of ser-

Tel : +33 (0)4 72 35 89 04

vices and technologies for them.

Mobile :  

» Build an open platform which integrated effective tools 
for technology watch, forecasting and roadmapping 

for the security sector. The aim was to provide an 

+33 (0)6 22 92 98 12

Two major European-scale events were organised to share 

integrated framework for technology screening activity 

Fax : +33 (0)4 72 35 80 31 

good practices in the field of innovation management, 

at European level in order to identify weak spots and 

E-mail :  

and dissemination was done though e-learning training 

early demand in R&D;

mmoulinet@almacg.com

modules developed within the project.

Website :  

www.insec-project.eu

Description of the work 

» Find services related to the platform tools which en-
couraged an appropriate use of technology or the 

implementation of innovative ideas for responding to 

new threats, in the medium to long-term.

With a consortium of consulting companies and security 

end-users (public and private security organisations), 

the INSec project focused on the existing needs and 

Activity 3 - Best practices and networking

practices of four types of organisations :
» Rescue Services; 
» Police and National Security Office;
» Academies of Security Sciences;
» National Security Infrastructures (port, border control).

» Create networking activities and exchanges of best 

practices between security end-users in Europe;

» Establish for the four types of management systems 

a European best practices list.

As described below, eleven main tasks grouped by the 

following type of activities were implemented :

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / End user 
 
 
 
Activity 4 - Training

The project captured the internal know-how for generat-

ing innovation by using the stage-gate innovation model 

» Define training needs and create an ‘innovation’ voca-
tional training system framework for end-users avail-

and by bringing external knowledge through technology 

watch and open innovation practices in order to create 

able for the entire European Security Organisation.

external innovative solutions. The work was focused 

Results

on two main areas: the development of a new internal 

innovation management model and the development 

of an external innovation platform. This platform was 

 INSEC’s goal was to contribute to the increase of in-

the main technical achievement of the project (http://

novation and research within security organisations in 

platform.insec-project.eu).

security-related operators (end-users). The consortium 

established a framework that will contribute to better 

The platform based on innovation management model 

performance of the end-user organisations, focusing on 

created by the consortium is easy to use and gives pos-

their RDI management system as a fundamental method 

sibilities to recognise gaps in innovation management 

to create knowledge and transform it into economic and 

system and get advice on action plan for future activities.

social wealth. 

PARTNERS 

ALMA CONSULTING GROUP SAS (Alma) 
EFPC (UK) LTD (EFPC) 
FM MANAGEMENT CONSULTANCY SRL (FMMC) 
PROXIMA CENTAURI SAS (KAOS) 
ADVISIO OU (ADVISIO) 
GLOBAZ SA (GLOBAZ) 
EVERIS SPAIN SLU (EVR) 
INOGATE- CONSULTORIA EM INOVACAO EMPRESARIAL SA (INOGATE) 
SISEKAITSEAKADEEMIA (EASS) 
ACADEMIA DE POLITIE ALEXANDRU IOAN CUZA (AICPA) 
GRAD SKOPJE (CoS) 

AUTORIDAD PORTUARIA DE GIJON (PAG) 
HUNGARIAN MINISTRY OF INTERIOR (ORFKV) 
OU BALTIC INNOVATION AGENCY B.I.A. (BIA) 
ROMANIAN MINISTRY OF ADMINISTRATION AND INTERIOR (MAI) 

INSEC

573

COUNTRY

France
United Kingdom
Romania
France
Estonia
Portugal
Spain
Portugal
Estonia
Romania
Former Yugoslav
Republic of Macedonia
Spain
Hungary
Estonia 
Romania

 
 
574

THE HOUSE /  Enhancing European Coordination for National 
Research Programmes in the Area of Security at Major Events

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

n
o
n
g
a
G
e
s
i
u
o
L
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°   

Project objectives

Description of the work 

285099

Total Cost    

€ 2,203,411.50 

EU Contribution   

€ 2,203,411.50 

Starting Date   

01/03/2012

End Date  

31/05/2014

UNITED NATIONS 

INTERREGIONAL CRIME 

AND JUSTICE RESEARCH 

INSTITUTE (UNICRI) 

Security and Governance  

Viale Maestri del Lavoro 10

10127 – Turin - Italy

Contact

Leif Villadsen  

Tel : +39 0116537115

Fax : +39 0116313368

E-mail : villadsen@unicri.it

Website : www.unicri.it

Promote a major-events security integrated approach in 

The seven common standards developed by The HOUSE 

the European Union (EU) and design the right technological 

project were linked to eight real major events for which 

infrastructure to support it. 

a security plan was drafted and/or took place in the con-

sortium member states’ territory during the two years 

of the project implementation. 

The common standards were the following: 

1.  The Security Planning Model (also used as Evalua-

tion Standard); 

2.  Best Practices in Public-Private Partnership; 

3.  Media Management Guidelines for Major Events; 

4.  Ethical and Operational Standards for Security Products; 

5.  Specialist Technical Equipment Pool (STEP) database; 

6.  European Major Events Register (EMER) database; 7. 

Training Curricula

The eight major events were selected during the project’s 

implementation following the indications of consortium 

partners. The coordinator and representatives of the 

seven hosting member states  within the consortium 

helped link the project to the selected events. 

Further, the hosting member state facilitated the consor-

tium’s access to the planning/evaluation process of the 

major event, whilst UNICRI (in addition to its coordina-

tor role and its capacity as WP leader) oversaw use of 

the coordination tool with the activities of the project’s 

task leaders. UNICRI was supported by an ad hoc team 

composed of consortium members, with technical sup-

port from its advisory board. 

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / ERA-Net 
 
 
 
THE HOUSE

575

Results

The seven common standards for major events security 

planning tested and adopted by participating partners.

It has contributed to the implementation of the Stock-

holm Programme 

PARTNERS 

United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute (UNICRI) 
Bundesministerium für Inneres-Ministry of the Interior (BM.I) 
Academy of the Ministry of the Interior (Academy of MoI) 
Cyprus Police 
The Danish National Police (POSD) 
Ministry of the Interior (MoI) 
Ministry of the Interior Police Department (SM PO) 
Direction Générale de la Police Nationale (D.G.P.N.) 
Deutsche Hochschule der Polizei (DHPol) 
Center for Security Studies (KEMEA) 
Orszagos Rendor Fokapitanysag (ORFK) 
An Garda Siochana (AGS) 
Ministero dell’Interno (MinInterno) 
State Police of the Ministry of Interior of the Republic of Latvia (State Police) 
Police department under the Ministry of the Interior of the Republic of Lithuania (PD) 
Malta Police Force (MinMALTA) 
Ministry of Security and Justice (MinJus) 
Wyzsza Szkola Policji W Szczytnie (WSPol) 
Instituto Superior de Ciências Policiais e Segurança Interna (ISCPSI-MAI) 
Ministry of Administration and Interior-Inspectorate General of Romanian Police (MoAI) 
Ministry of Interior of the Slovak Republic (MINV) 
Policijska uprava Maribor (PU Maribor) 
Dirección General de la Policía y de la Guardia Civil – Cuerpo Nacional de Policía (CNP) 
Swedish National Police Board (Polisen)  
Metropolitan Police Service (MetPo) 

COUNTRY

Italy
Austria 
Bulgaria
Cyprus
Denmark 
Estonia 
Finland 
France 
Germany 
Greece 
Hungary 
Ireland 
Italy 
Latvia 
Lithuania 
Malta
The Netherlands 
Poland 
Portugal 
Romania 
Slovakia
Slovenia 
Spain 
Sweden 
United Kingdom 

576

t
e
N
R
P
C
©

I

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

CIPRNet /  Critical Infrastructure Preparedness and Resilience 
Research Network

Grant Agreement N°   

Project objectives

Description of the work 

312450

Total Cost    

€ 7,663,168.20 

EU Contribution   

€6,569,842.50 

Starting Date   

01/03/2013

Duration  

48 months

CIPRNet has four general scientific and technological 

CIPRNet’s joint R&D activities towards implementing new 

objectives:

capabilities include:

» To strengthen and structure the European Critical Infra-
structure Protection (CIP) research area by establishing 

» Creating added-value, decision-support capabilities with 
consequence analysis for national and multi-nation emer-

a network of shared CIP knowledge and expertise that 

gency management and CI owners based upon integrating 

offers and transfers knowledge to isolated CIP and 

technologies available at CIPRNet partners,

adjacent research areas.

» Supporting the secure design of Next Generation Infra-

structures (such as Smart Grids),

FRAUNHOFER-GESELL-

SCHAFT ZUR FÖRDE-

» To provide support from CIP research communities 
to emergency managers, governmental agencies and 

» Creating a ‘what if’ modelling, simulation and analysis 
capability for emergency managers for exploring different 

RUNG DER ANGEWAND-

policy-makers, enhancing their all-hazard preparedness 

courses of action in crises. 

TEN FORSCHUNG E.V. 

for, response to, and recovery of disrupted, failed or 

(FRAUNHOFER) 

destroyed Critical Infrastructures (CI) and their cas-

CIPRNet has a dedicated agenda for further extending and inte-

Fraunhofer Institute for 

cading effects.

grating existing technology such as interoperability middleware 

and creating new simulator federations for the new capabilities.

Intelligent Analysis and 

Information Systems IAIS

Adaptive Reflective Teams 

Department (ART)

Schloss Birlinghoven

53757 – Sankt Augustin

Germany

Contact

Erich Rome

» To enhance the resilience of CI by improving the knowl-
edge and understanding, preparation and mitigation 

The second cluster of joint activities addresses capacity 

of CI disruptions and their consequences.

building, for reaching the specific goal of creating a critical 

» To lay the foundation for a long-lasting virtual centre 
of competence and expertise in CIP, the “European 

» Cooperation and coordination with other CIP related net-

mass of expert knowledge and expertise in CIP. This includes

Infrastructures Simulation & Analysis Centre” (EISAC).

works

Tel : +49 2241 14 2683

CIPRNet will reach these objectives by: 

Fax : +49 2241 14 4 2683

E-mail : erich.rome@iais.

fraunhofer.de

» Implementing new capabilities for supporting more 
effective responses to disasters that affect or origi-

Website : www.ciprnet.eu

nate from CI,

» Staff exchange and training
» Collaboration and exchange with and training of end users 

and other stakeholders

» Dedicated dissemination, training and teaching activities

CIPRNet will conduct training exercises, bringing together 

tools and expertise to develop realistic, complex scenarios. To 

» Building the required capacities for creating these new 

increase their impact and visibility, CIPRNet will demonstrate 

capabilities, and

the new capabilities in a real crisis management exercise. For 

this, CIPRNet will investigate a real or realistic emergency 

» Founding a long-lasting virtual centre of competence 

scenario; produce consequence analysis of CI failures and 

and expertise in CIP (VCCC).

cascading effects; perform a vulnerability analysis and hazard 

analysis within that scenario; and derive courses of actions 

with their consequences for decision-makers. 

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / Other coordination 
CIPRNet

577

The distributed VCCC will allow the integration and coordi-

nation of research activities, the dissemination of results, 

» The capability to explore CoAs (i.e, the ‘what if’ analy-
sis) by employing modelling, simulation and analysis 

and offer services to the CIP community and end-users. An 

technologies, implemented in CIPRTrainer, a training 

electronic platform will support the VCCC, deploying new 

system for small crisis management teams. Here, 

community services via Internet This will include enquiries 

analysis compares the consequences of the scenario 

to experts, an online glossary on CIP, CIP bibliographies and 

evolution with the effects of CoAs to determine which 

project lists, and more. 

CoA would lead to the lowest overall consequences.

Results

Training & dissemination included 158 events, 31 peer-

reviewed papers and an open access book. To achieve 

CIPRNet’s mission was to enhance the resilience of criti-

long-term impact, services are sustained beyond the 

cal infrastructure (CI) by improving the understanding, 

project’s end via the CIPRNet website, including CIPe-

preparation and mitigation of the consequences of dis-

dia©, a comprehensive online glossary of CIP terms, an 

ruptions for stakeholders such as emergency respond-

e-learning platform, web demonstrations of the new 

ers, governmental agencies and policy makers. CIPRNet 

capabilities and a CIP benchmarking reference dataset.

developed new capabilities for emergency managers 

and CI owners, namely:

A long-term goal of CIPRNet is to establish ”EISAC”, the 

European Infrastructures Simulation & Analysis Cen-

» The capability to analyse consequences of courses of 
actions (CoAs) based on statistical data, status infor-

tre for sustained support to CIP stakeholders. As an 
intermediate step, CIPRNet partners have founded the 

mation of involved CI, meteorological data, and more 

association 2E!SAC for fostering activities towards EISAC 

– all bundled in the Decision Support System CIPCast. 

beyond the project end.

CIPCast can assess the relation between the potential 

impact of a disaster and the influence of mitigation 

actions on the impact according to the cross-cutting 

criteria specified in the European CIP Directive: the cri-

teria of casualties, economic effects, and public effects.

PARTNERS 

Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer) 
Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, L’Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile (ENEA) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast-natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek (TNO) 
Union Internationale des Chemins de fer (UIC) 
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) 
The European Union represented by the European Commission 
represented by the Joint Research Centre (JRC) 
Stichting Deltares (Deltares) 
University of Cyprus (UCY) 
Uniwersytet Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy im. Jana i Jędrzeja Śniadeckich w Bydgoszczy (UTP) 
Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma (UCBM) 
The University of British Columbia (UBC) 
ACRIS GmbH (ACRIS) 

COUNTRY

Germany
Italy
The Netherlands
France
France

European Union
The Netherlands
Cyprus
Poland
Italy
Canada
Switzerland

578

EUROFORGEN - NOE  / European forensic genetics 
network of excellence 

n
e
g
r
o
f
o
r
u
E
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°   

Project objectives

285487

Total Cost    

€ 8,192,996.63

EU Contribution   

€ 6,613,680

Starting Date   

01/01/2012

Duration  

60 months

This initiative aims to achieve long lasting coopera-
tion leading to the emergence of a virtual research 

centre in forensic genetics embedded in the security 
domain. For the implementation, a series of specific ac-
tions is needed such as : 

» To establish a directory of forensic genetics research 

institutions across Europe;

UNIVERSITÄTSKLINIKUM 

KÖLN

» To identify the processes involved in handling and ana-
lyzing forensic genetic evidence from crime scene to 

Institute of Legal Medicine

courtroom;

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Melatengürtel 60/62

50823 Köln (Cologne), 

Germany

Contact

Peter M. Schneider

» To integrate research needs and capacities into a sus-

Tel : +49 221 478 88345

tainable virtual network. 

Fax : +49 221 478 88370

E-mail : peter.schneider@

EUROFORGEN-NoE - will serve to connect the efforts 

information, dissemination of knowledge, and network-

ing. EUROFORGEN-NoE will carry out a series of actions 

in this regard. One of these actions is the execution of 
three short exemplar projects, where leading Euro-
pean research groups are collaborating as an example 

for other groups. These exemplar projects will prepare 
the ground for the publication of a competitive call 
for additional projects to be funded and subsequently 
integrated into the second phase of the project period. 

Furthermore, forensic genetic research has to be em-
bedded into an ethical and societal framework 
required for a positive acceptance of this relatively new 

technology by the public. An adequate response to public 

concerns regarding a potentially too intrusive use of new 

the consequences and future perspectives be addressed 
adequately. The essential development and publication 
of an ethical guideline on forensic genetics will be 
a major element of this process.

» To facilitate the exchange of information between re-

forensic DNA applications is seminal for a wider applica-

search institutions, stakeholders and end users;

tion of these methods in the near future. Only then can 

uk-koeln.de

named above and to lay the foundations of a European 

Website : www.euroforgen.eu

virtual centre of research in forensic genetics aimed at 

Finally, educational structures will be established 
both at the local as well as at the European level ensuring 

https://twitter.com/EURO-

introducing an international, self-sustained body fully 

that scientists applying the forensic genetic technology 

FORGEN

supported by national activities.

in the context of security and the justice system are in 

Description of the work 

EUROFORGEN-NoE  comprises  12  partners  from  8 

An advisory board with highly recognized experts from 
the fields of ethical, legal, and forensic sciences ensures 

countries, among them some of the leading groups in 

that the challenges defined in the network programme 

line with the most recent scientific developments.

European forensic genetic research. The network initia-

will be met.

tive proposes an integration of existing cooperation, as 

well as establishing new ones, in this security field by 

Results

integrating all the relevant parties and stakeholders. 

Stimulating cooperation between research centres 
and industry is key to continued success. Thus, the 
main thrust of activities is aimed towards exchange of 

For the European Forensic Genetics Network of Excellence 

(EUROFORGEN-NoE) project, researchers from academic 

and police institutions developed and enhanced methods 

and infrastructures for specific scenarios related to DNA-

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / Other coordination 
 
EUROFORGEN - NOE

579

based genetic identification. Applications include the fight 

samples. New technologies such as parallel DNA and RNA 

against terrorism and organised crime, protection against 

sequencing were evaluated for their forensic efficiency. 

threats to public security, as well as the identification of 

A prototype marker panel was designed to predict the 

disaster victims and missing persons.

bio-geographical ancestry of an unknown perpetrator 

from a biological sample found at a crime scene.

Societal, legal and ethical issues were addressed by 

creating a “European Virtual Centre of Forensic Genetic 

Partners developed open-source software for interpreting 

Research”. The centre includes an online resource bank 

complex DNA typing results and performing deconvolu-

with literature on law, policies and practices. A forensic 

tion in order to discover likely profiles from mixed trace 

genetics training infrastructure was established and a 

DNA samples. They also conducted an “Audit on DNA 

curriculum for postgraduate education was developed. 

legislation in Europe” and addressed the societal impact. 

For the public, a series of instructive videos entitled 

The report and other resources can be retrieved from 

‘Forensic Genetics Explained’ was produced.

the project’s website.

A number of new research partners were drawn into 

EUROFORGEN-NoE’s activities improved collaboration 

the project to achieve advanced forensic DNA analysis. 

between scientific working groups, stakeholders and end 

Important breakthroughs included sets of messenger 

users, supporting long-term integration of research ef-

RNA, microRNA, and epigenetic DNA markers for the 

forts and ensuring a high and sustainable quality of 

identification of human body fluids from crime scene 

investigation to benefit the European security sector.

PARTNERS 

Universitätsklinikum Köln (UHC) 
Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC) 
Nasjonalt Folkehelseinstitutt (NIPH) 
Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London (QMUL) 
Københavns Universitet (UCPH) 
Netherlands Forensic Institute (NFI) 
Medizinische Universitaet Innsbruck (IMU) 
Universitetet for Miljø og Biovitenskap (UMB) 
Uniwersytet Jagiellonski (JU) 
University of Northumbria at Newcastle (UNN) 
Epiontis GmbH (EPTS) 
GABO :mi Gesellschaft fuer Ablauforganisation :milliarium mbH & Co. KG (GABO :mi) 

COUNTRY

Germany
Spain
Norway
United Kingdom
Denmark
The Netherlands
Austria
Norway
Poland
United Kingdom
Germany
Germany

580

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

i

a
k
s
w
e
n
s
i
W
a
k
i
n
o
M
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

PLANTFOODSEC / Plant and food biosecurity

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

261752

Total Cost   

€ 5,609,529.69

EU Contribution   

€ 4,624,499 

Starting Date   

01/02/2011

Duration   

60 months

PLANTFOODSEC is a Network of Excellence aiming to 

This project will focus on biological threats having the ca-

enhance preparedness for preventing, responding and 

pacity to affect and damage agriculture, infect plants and 

recovering from the possible use of plant pathogens 

ultimately affect food and feed at any stage in the food 

as biological weapons against crops, and the microbio-

supply chain. These threats are multifaceted, interrelated, 

logical contamination of feed and food in the European 

complex and increasingly transnational in their impact.

agrifood system. 

PLANTFOODSEC pursues the following specific objectives :

largely national approach towards greater international 

Recent trends in biosecurity recommend a shift from a 

UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI 

» obtaining scientific knowledge on plant disease epi-

DI TORINO

demiology ;

Centro di Competenza per 

l’innovazione in campo  

agro-ambientale  

(AGROINNOVA)

Largo Paolo Braccini 2

» enhancing the prevention, recognition, response and 
recovery from foodborne illness due to the contamina-

tion of fresh produce ;

10095, Grugliasco (Torino)  

» improving planning of effective and efficient national 

cooperation. 

The Network of Excellence will renew and reinforce al-

ready established partnerships and enlarge them by in-

cluding new countries, institutions and topics to establish 

a virtual Centre of Competence. It will be able to deal 

with issues of crop and food biosecurity and become a 

Centre of reference at the European level.

and regional responses to agro-terrorism acts ;

The project strategy is based on the bio-preparedness 

Italy

Contact

Maria Lodovica Gullino

Tel  : +39 011 670 8539

» improving disease surveillance and detection systems 
by facilitating international laboratory cooperation and 

Fax  : +39 011 6709307

by developing diagnostic tools ;

approach to prevent, respond and recover from a biologi-

cal incident or deliberate criminal activity threatening 

European agrifood systems, thus including :

E-mail  : marialodovica.

gullino@unito.it

Website  :  

www.plantfoodsec.eu

» preventing the establishment and spread of deliber-

» actions to identify and update the biology, epidemiology 
and impacts of high priority pathogens also through 

ately-introduced pathogens ;

the optimization of detection and diagnostic tools ;

» building a strong culture of awareness and compli-
ance with plant and food biosecurity for those with 

» actions to develop effective responder strategies by 
defining specific protocols on emergent pest and dis-

responsibilities in all sectors of agriculture and food 

ease management ;

production ; 

» improving awareness among stakeholders and the 

» actions to enhance knowledge of target groups and 
to inform relevant stakeholders taking into account 

general public on biosecurity issues ;

the balance between confidentiality and public access ;

» overcoming the fragmentation of partners’ research.

» actions to overcome the fragmentation of partners’ 
research and to facilitate and coordinate responder 

networks. 

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / Other coordination 
 
 
 
PLANTFOODSEC

581

Results

» A risk assessment tool for rapid assessments of agro-
terrorism scenarios, with the tool based on pest risk as-

The project aimed to create a virtual centre of compe-

sessment (PRA) schemes but including agro-terrorism 

tence at international level in the field of biosecurity 

threats; demonstrated in almost 100 scenarios, with 

regarding pathogens that are accidentally or deliberately 

the results indicating how a threat posed by different 

introduced into crops and the agro-food supply chain.

scenarios might be reduced and how responses might 

be improved

PLANTFOODSEC’s toolbox includes the following features:

» Assistance in the identification of target crops and 
target pathogens: a list of 555 target plants and crop 

» A web-based virtual diagnostic network that allows 
information to be gathered, searched and reported, 

while facilitating information flow between experts and 

products relevant to Europe was drawn up, with 570 

field workers and enabling member countries to access 

pests identified 

summary information on disease outbreaks in Europe

» Criteria for prioritisation were identified

» A tool for the prioritisation of target human pathogens 
on plants (HPOPs), with human enteric pathogens such 

» Management programmes against outbreak scenarios, 
including measures to be taken to prevent the estab-

lishment and spread of harmful crop pathogens

as Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli and Salmo-
nella spp. analysed to provide guidance on the prioriti-

Besides the toolbox, the project’s achievements include 
the identification and regulatory analysis of biosecurity 

sation of the risks involved in any future HPOP incident

challenges; experimental and modelling approaches ap-

» Analytical methods for the identification of microbial 

diagnostics; and, more generally, training, dissemination 

plied in plant disease epidemiology; advanced molecular 

or toxin contamination

» A decision tool to determine whether a foodborne ill-
ness was introduced intentionally: the tool was supple-

and networking activities to increase awareness of plant 

biosecurity and food safety across agronomists, food 

producers and the scientific, policy and inspection sectors. 

mented with example scenarios for training purposes

Finally, the projects engendered more than 30 peer-

» A forensically valid microbial strain discrimination tech-
nology based on multilocus variable tandem repeat 

reviewed papers, one book, some 200 press articles and 

20 dissemination events; 88 courses on diagnostics, plant 

pathogen forensics, transnational multi-sector training on 

assessment (MLVA), the technology being developed 

responding to outbreaks, legislation and contained-use 

for non-O157:H7 E. coli, a foodborne pathogen of in-

licensing, and the dual-use consequences of bioresearch; 

creasing EU concern

four summer schools and one winter school; and eight 

PhD exchanges/internships among project participants. 

PARTNERS 

Università degli Studi di Torino (UNITO-AGROINNOVA) 
National Institute of Agricultural Botany 
The Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs 
Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitaet Bonn 
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique 
Regional Environmental Center for Central and Eastern Europe 
Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine 
Middle East Technical University 
SPIN-TO Srl 
United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute 
The Agricultural Research Organisation of Israel – The Volcani Centre 
Oklahoma State University 
Kansas State University 

COUNTRY

Italy
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Germany
France
Hungary
United Kingdom
Turkey
Italy
Italy
Israel
The United States
The United States

582

SEREN / Security Research NCP network – Phase 1 

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

z
e
u
g
i
r
d
o
R

s
e
r
d
n
A
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°   

Project objectives

Description of the work

217937

Total Cost    

€ 743,597.40

EU Contribution   

€ 557,692.04 

Starting Date   

01/02/2008

End Date   

31/07/2009

COMMISSARIAT  

Security Research presents several specificities as com-

The aim of the SEREN-phase 1 coordination action is 

pared to other Cooperation’s FP7 thematic priorities. 

to link the different Security Research NCPs, to identify 

Indeed, it is a new theme within FP7 and therefore the 

fields of improvement for the structuring of the network, 

Security Research community has only a limited experi-

to initiate coordination and to start promoting joint ac-

ence gained during the 3 years of the Preparatory Action 

tivities. In order to reach those objectives, SEREN will 

for Security Research. 

tackle four main issues:

Moreover, projects need to be mission-oriented and as 

such must involve end-users who are not familiar with FP. 

Identification of the network needs and initiation 
of coordination among its members. 

A L’ENERGIE ATOMIQUE  

Also, the Security products’ market is complex, large, and 

This will be mainly obtained through surveys in order to 

ET AUX ENERGIES  

relatively new. Finally, by its very nature, the Security 

gain a better understanding of the needs of the Security 

ALTERNATIVES

European Affairs  

Directorate

research theme has introduced sensitivity issues into 

Research community and of the requirements that NCPs 

the 7th Framework Programme.

must fulfil in order to deliver a high level of service.  

Also,  coordination  will  be 

initiated 

in  or-

91191 Gif-sur-Yvette

As a consequence, perhaps more than in the other specific 

der  to  raise  the  level  of  knowledge  of  NCPs.  

France

Contact

programmes and themes, there is a strong necessity 

This will be obtained by making common guides and 

to inform and support the European Security Research 

setting up a website where all the deliverables will be 

Frédéric Laurent

community in its participation to FP7. One way to facili-

made available.

Tel : +33 1 64 50 25 22

tate this is through a stronger National Contact Points 

Fax : +33 1 64 50 11 57

(NCPs) network.

E-mail : pcn_securite@cea.fr

Increase NCP knowledge and awareness of the 
European Security landscape. 

Website :  

SEREN will thus aim at strengthening the Security re-

www.seren-project.eu/

search NCP network by raising the knowledge level of 

In order to deliver advices in their respective country, 

its members, initiate coordination and, as a matter of 

NCPs must have a minimum understanding of the Eu-

fact, the ability of its members to deliver a high level 

ropean security landscape. Therefore, a mapping of the 

of service to the community.

Security research programmes launched in Member 

States will be made. In addition, a mapping of compe-

tencies will be initiated. This latter task will aim at the 

identification of support structures such as government 

agencies, professional associations, end-users associa-

tions, SMEs associations, clusters involved in Security 

Research across Europe.

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / Other coordination 
 
 
 
SEREN

583

Coordination to ease transnational cooperation and 
training. 

This shall enable an increase of the average advice 

quality delivered by the network and further optimize its 

services to the Security Research community. 

The  EU  community  potentially  interested  in  

Security Research faces a high level of fragmentation. 

Security research policies

Therefore, participants are confronted with difficulties 

finding other potential partners with whom they might 

SEREN will produce synthesis papers on key policies is-

collaborate. Hence, it is extremely important that the 

sues related to Security research in order to raise aware-

NCPs network delivers a high level service for the part-

ness on the contextual framework surrounding ESRP.

ner searches. 

SEREN will initiate coordination in this field by agreeing 

Results

on standardised partner search templates. In addition 

The results of the project are available on the CORDIS 

one training session focussed on the evaluation will be 

website http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/security.

organised. 

PARTNERS 

Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) 
Tarptautiniu mokslo ir technologiju pletros programu agentura 
Achimedes Foundation 
Foundation For Research & Technology – Hellas 
National Office for Research and Technology 
Instytut Podstawowych Problemów Techniki Polskiej Akademii Nauk 
Matimop, Israel Industry Center For Research & Development 
Agenzia per la Promozione della Ricerca Europea  
Romanian Space Agency  
Norges forskningsråd  
The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey 
Service d’information scientifique et technique / SPP Politique scientifique – 
Dienst voor Wetenschappelijke en Technische Informatie/POD Wetenschapsbeleid 
Österreichische Forschungsförderungsgesellschaft mbH  
Agência de Inovação, Inovação Empresarial e Transferência de Tecnologia, S.A 
Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnologico Industrial 
SenterNovem 
Technologické centrum 
Research Promotion Foundation 
Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Euresearch 
Council for Scientific and Industrial Research 
Riga Technical University 
Centre for National Security and Defense Research 
Malta Council for Science and Technology 
Home Office 
Luxinnovation GIE 
Danish Agency for Science Technology and Innovation -Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation 
Agentura na podporu vyskumu a vyvoja 

COUNTRY

France
Lithuania
Estonia
Greece
Hungary
Poland
Israel
Italy
Romania
Norway
Turkey

Belgium
Austria
Portugal
Spain
The Netherlands
Czech Republic
Cyprus
Sweden
Switzerland
South Africa
Latvia
Bulgaria
Malta
United Kingdom
Luxembourg
Denmark
Slovakia

584

SEREN2 /  SEcurity REsearch Ncp network – phase 2 

E
A
C
O
C
©

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

h
c
e
z
c
i
l

b
a
k
©

261814

Total Cost   

€ 1,801,696.23

EU Contribution   

€ 1,499,546.21

Starting Date   

01/04/2011

Duration    

24 months

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

WP 4 – Partner Search is dedicated to promote transna-
tional cooperation by facilitating the access of potential 

The main objective of this project is to continue promot-

participants to future Security calls. 

ing and enhancing trans-national cooperation among 

Security National Contact Points (NCP) (at the level of 

both people and institutions appointed in this respect), 

WP 5 - Monitoring of Security research area aims at 
providing both NCPs and stakeholders with an improved 

by reaching a balanced distribution of proficient services 

flow of security research area information. An in-depth 

to be delivered by Security NCPs to their clients while 

mapping of security research systems and programmes 

assisting them to write high quality proposals to be 

is foreseen. 

submitted in the future calls.

WP 6 – Communication and dissemination has as 
the objective to oversee and organize all aspects which 

are related to communication and dissemination of 

ROMANIAN SPACE 

Description of the work 

AGENCY

Headquarters 

21-25 Mendeleev Street

WP1 – Capacity Building aims at improving the Se-
curity NCPs’ capabilities and reinforcing the network to 

the project results and activities. A scientific approach 

of communication and dissemination will be applied 

010362 – Bucharest  

become more efficient and effective. Technical train-

for this project by stimulating and strengthening the 

Romania

Contact

ings on general and specific issues, twinning schemes 

relationship between persons and problems. Making 

and staff exchange are focused on sharing experiences, 

project achievements and activities widely accessible 

Anca Liana RACHERU

expertise and good practices, by promoting intensive 

and easily exploitable by project customers will be a 

Tel  : +40 (0) 21 3168722

trans-national cooperation.

challenge for this WP.

Fax  : +40 (0) 21 3128804

E-mail  : Anca.racheru@

rosa.ro 

WP 2 – Joint Brokerage Events aims at improving the 
quality of the cooperation between security research 

Website  : www.rosa.ro

stakeholders (researchers, large companies, SMEs, end-

users) by providing the necessary support to ease the 

process of finding appropriate partners for building suc-

cessful consortia. Trans-national events shall be organ-

ised to the benefit of cross-border audiences.

WP 3 – Mapping of security research competencies 
focus on the identification of Security Research Compe-

tencies in Europe, to increase the visibility of security 

related research in Europe and to optimize the networking 

between research facilities, universities, public authori-

ties, end users and suppliers of security solutions and 

operators of critical infrastructures. 

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / Other coordination 
 
 
 
SEREN2

585

Results

Results from SEREN2 will help decision making related to :

» Underpinning the realization of NCP value chains in the 
security topic for simplifying access to FP7 calls, for 

lowering the entry barriers for newcomers and raising 

the average quality of submitted proposals;

» Improve and increase the effectiveness of third coun-
try organizations’ participation alongside European 

organizations;

» Strengthen the competitiveness of the European R&D 

in the Security theme.

PARTNERS 

Romanian Space Agency (ROSA) 
Foundation for Research & Technology – HELLAS (FORTH) 
Agenzia per la Promozione della Ricerca Europea (APRE) 
Österreichische ForschungsförderungsgesellschaftmbH (FFG) 
Euresearch Head Office Berne (EURESEARCH) 
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) 
Mokslo Inovaciju Ir Technologiju Agenturaa (MITA) 
SIHTASUTUS ARCHIMEDES (Archimedes) 
Instytut Podstawowych Problemów Techniki Polskiej Akademii Nauk (IPPT PAN) 
MATIMOP - Israel Industry Center for Research & Development (MATIMOP-ISERD) 
Norges forskningsråd – Research Council of Norway (RCN) 
The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (Tubitak) 
Dienst voor Wetenschappenlijke en Technische Informatie /  
Service d’Information scientifique et technique (STIS) 
Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnologico Industrial (CDTI) 
Technologické centrum Akademie ved Ceske republiky  
(The Technology Centre of the Academy of Science - TC AS CR) 
Research Promotion Foundation (RPF) 
Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) 
Riga Technical University (RTU) 
Centre for National Security and Defense Research (CNSDR) 
Malta Council for Science and Technology (MCST) 
Zilinska Univerzita v Ziline (UNIZA) 
Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation (TEKES) 
Hrvatski institut za tehnologiju/ Croatian Institute of Technology / Odjel za međunarodnu suradnju/  
International Cooperation Unit (HIT) 
Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT) 
National Institute of Aerospace Technology of Spain (INTA) 

COUNTRY

Romania
Greece
Italy
Austria
Switzerland
France
Lithuania
Estonia
Poland
Israel
Norway
Turkey

Belgium
Spain

Czech Republic
Cyprus
Sweden
South Africa
Latvia
Bulgaria
Malta
Slovakia
Finland

Croatia
Portugal
Spain

586

SOURCE /  Virtual centre of excellence for research support and 
coordination on societal security

3
P
K
R
N

,

n
e
s
d
n
a
l
r
E
m
K
©

i

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work 

The aim of the SOURCE project is to create a robust and 

SOURCE is built upon five types of activities: networking 

sustainable virtual centre of excellence which explores 

activities, research, information gathering, education 

and advances the societal issues of security research 

and training and, finally, knowledge-sharing. Together 

and development. 

these address the ambitions and the expected impact 

of the EU’s Work Programme specific to the Security call. 

Via an integrated information-gathering hub, education 

programmes across security sectors, and a comprehen-

sive programme of networking activities, SOURCE’s vir-

tual centre will gather experts and actors from all levels 

of the security chain (researchers, industry actors, policy-

makers, civil society, end-users and the public at large). 

All will be linked by a common effort of documenting, 

analysing and understanding the links between security 

and society where the former is played out. 

313288

Total Cost   

€ 5,576,210.00

EU Contribution   

€ 4,997,588.00

Starting Date   

01/01/2014

Duration    

60 months

INSTITUTT FOR  

FREDSFORSKINING 

STIFELESE (PRIO)

Dimensions of Security

Hausmanns gate 7

0186 – Oslo – Norway 

Contact

J. Peter Burgess  

Tel : +47 22547738

Mobile : +47 90923949

E-mail  :  

jpeterburgess@prio.org 

Website  : www.prio.org

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / Other coordination 
 
 
 
 
SOURCE

587

Results

The project will relay on an array of networking ac-

tivities, meetings, scientific and popular publications, 

film, press and social media, a scholarly journal and 

the formation of an international association for the 

study and improvement of societal security. SOURCE’s 

Network of Excellence will raise awareness among policy 

makers and end-users, increase the security industry’s 

competitiveness by better responding to the social “lay-

ers of insecurity” across society and, as a consequence, 

contribute to the improved well-being and security of 

European citizens.

PARTNERS 

Institutt for fredsforskining stifelese (PRIO) 
Totalforsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Centre for Irish and European Security Limited (CIES) 
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der Angewandten Forschung e.v (Fraunhofer) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast-natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek (TNO) 
Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS) 
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) 
IRKS-Research GesmbH 
King’s College London (KCL) 
European Organisation for Security (EOS) 
Fundacion Tecnalia Research & Innovation (TECNALIA) 
Fondation Nationale des Sciences Politiques (Sciences Po) 

COUNTRY

Norway
Sweden
Ireland
Germany
The Netherlands
Belgium
Belgium
Austria
United Kingdom
Belgium
Spain
France

588

VIDEOSENSE / Virtual Centre of Excellence for Ethically-guided 
and Privacy-respecting Video Analytics in Security

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

s
o
t
o
h
P
-
Z
N
-

a
t
n
u
H
-

y
k
s
v
e
s
o
L

l

e
v
a
P

-

o
t
o
f
o

i

©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

r
o
t
a
n
i
d
r
o
r
t
o
a
o
n
C
d
r
o
o
C

i

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

261743

Total Cost  

€ 6,412,895

EU Contribution  

€ 5,282,366

Starting Date  

01/05/2011

End Date  

30/04/2015

THE UNIVERSITY OF 

READING

The objectives of VideoSense were to investigate Video 

Video Analytics where the advent of new data intelligence 

Analytics RTDI and Ethical issues and update the stake-

technologies against the background of dynamic societal 

holders including both citizens and implementers on the 

and citizen goals, norms, expectations, safety and security 

latest actionable insights regarding the optimisation 

needs and thus surveillance requirements have all contrib-

of acceptable and effective Video Analytics adoption 

uted to a complex interplay of influences which deserved 

including how best to : 

»  Implement Ethical and Privacy Safeguards;
» Minimise False Alerts;
»  Minimise Network (data) traffic bandwidth demand 

in-depth study and solution seeking in order for European 

society, citizens and industry to strike the optimal balance 

in resolution of the various challenges in this arena. Ac-

cordingly VideoSense provided for : i) Fostering increased 

sustainable relationships between existing national research 

arising from VA deployment; 

groups ; ii) Momentum building by integrating existing re-

Intelligent Media Systems 

»  Minimise the required human attention bandwidth in 

searchers and resources to push forward new paradigms 

and Services Research 

using VA surveillance; 

and the knowledge basis for the resolution of ethically 

Laboratory, School of 

Systems Engineering

Whiteknights Campus

PO Box 217

RG66AH Reading  

United Kingdom

Contact

Prof. Atta Badii

Tel  : +44 (0) 118 378 7842

»  Ensure  easy,  cost-effective,  efficient  and  effective  

guided, sensible, selective, useful, cost–effective solutions 

deployment of VA systems;

to society’s surveillance needs ; iii) Establishing a Virtual 

»  Establish a sustainable business case and revenue 

Centre of Excellence and expandable framework, based 

model for VA technology uptake;

on Pan-European integration of complementary expertise 

»  Minimise  the  storage  requirements  for  VA  

and optimisation of shared, flexible, modular and inter-

deployment;

»  Integrate with identification technologies;
»  Trust interoperability between VA systems;
»  Conduct benchmarking and comparative evaluation 

connected resources including knowhow, laboratories and 

people to support collaborative research and agenda setting ; 

iv) Two external Boards of Industrial and Scientific Advisors 

to keep the targeted research focused and responsive to 

the needs of European citizens, society and industry ; v) 

Establishing a standard framework for Ethical Compliance 

Fax  : +44 (0) 118 975 1994

of alternative products. 

E-mail  :  

atta.badii@readiing.ac.uk

VideoSense, through its joint programme of research studies  

Audit Management based on a suitably evolved Compliance 

Website  :  

sought to examine : a) the recent achievements, b) the 

Audit Maturity Model (CAMM) and associated Training and 

www.imss.reading.ac.uk

breakthroughs that are needed to achieve the expected 

Certification services as both a service to organisations 

results, c) the disciplines that are relevant and need to be ap-

and revenue streams to ensure longer-term sustainability 

plied to problems, and d) the best approach for establishing 

of the Video-Analytics Centre of Excellence.

and managing a benchmarking and evaluation framework. 

Results

Description of the work

VideoSense integrated leading European research groups 

principles as reflected in the results of the VideoSense 

to create a long-term open integration of critical mass in 

Demonstrator as showcased at the IEEE DSP in  Jakarta 

the twin areas of Ethically-Guided, and, Privacy Preserving  

on the 16th of September, 2014. The results filled socio-

Respect for civil liberties and privacy were the guiding 

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / Other coordination 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
VIDEOSENSE

589

ethical and technical gaps in video-analytics and provided 

clear added-value to privacy by design for security surveil-

» The organisation of more than 20 research exchanges 
at senior research leader, post-doctorate, and intern-

lance via the following:

ships levels

» A VideoSense Centre of Excellence (VCE, see www.
videosense.eu) for the integration of existing research-

» Summer and winter school training for socio-ethical 
privacy preserving systems development and Dual-Use/

ers to support socially responsible privacy preserving 

Malevolent-Use risk analysis

analytics solutions for security needs

» A standard framework for Ethical Compliance Audit 
Management and associated Training and Certification 

as a service and a VCE revenue stream

» A number of Privacy Filtering Grand Challenges and 
related databases under the MediaEval 2012-2015 

» Joint research activities as “mini projects” that led to a 
significant number of Video-Analytics and Evaluation 

» A framework to support various standardisation stake-

innovations as reported in project deliverables.

holders, e.g. JPEG and MPEG communities 

PARTNERS 

THE UNIVERSITY OF READING (UoR)  
QUEEN MARY AND WESTFIELD COLLEGE, UNIVERSITY OF LONDON (QMUL) 
EURECOM (EURECOM) 
THALES SECURITY SOLUTIONS & SERVICES SAS (THALES) 
INGENIERA DE SISTEMAS PARA LA DEFENSA DE ESPANA SAҫISDEFE (ISDEFE) 
TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET BERLIN (TUB) 
ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE FEDERALE DE LAUSANNE (EPFL) 
INTERNATIONAL FORUM FOR BIOPHILOSOPHY (IFB) 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom 
United Kingdom
France
France
Spain
Germany
Switzerland
Belgium

590

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

VOX-Pol / Virtual Centre of Excellence for Research in Violent Online 
Political Extremism 

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

312827

Total Cost  

€5,554,326.28

EU Contribution  

€ 5,129,681.00

Starting Date  

01/01/2014

Duration  

60 months

» Promote long-term relationships between established 
national research groups and new researchers/research 

» Integration and networking of research activities within 
EU and globally of those working on violent online 

groups;

» Provide training via conferences, summer schools, and 
workshops to researchers, PhD students, early career 

extremism and its effects, including the online strate-

gies of: violent jihadists, the extreme right, violent na-

tionalist-separatist and ethnic separatist movements;

researchers and those who monitor or respond to VOPE 

about the tools, methods and substantive issues of 

» Creation of a sustainable critical mass of innovative ac-
tivity among today’s fragmented group of researchers 

violent online political extremism;

and research topics through joint research, networking 

DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY 

events, and teaching and learning activities;

» Raise awareness about the interplay of e-research 
ethics, privacy, surveillance, freedom of speech, and 

responses to violent online political extremism;

» Outreach to diverse publics via mass media, public lec-
tures and other public events, free-to-access publica-

tions, etc., which describe our research and its purposes;

» Influence European and international research agendas 
in key aspects of violent online political extremism.

(DCU)

School of Law  

& Government

Glasnevin

Dublin 9, Ireland

Contact

Maura Conway  

Tel  : +353 (0)1 700 6472

Mobile  : 

+353 (0)87 295 1284 

Fax  : +353 (0)1 700 7374

E-mail  :  

info@voxpol.eu

maura.conway@dcu.ie 

Website  : www.voxpol.eu 

» Create an archive of politically extreme Internet-based 
content as the basis for joint research activity; develop 

new analytical tools and methodologies, teaching and 

training, and dissemination activities;

» Harness software tools used in other domains to collect 
and analyse violent online political extremist content;

» Forge long-term relationships between established 
national research groups, new researchers, security 

practitioners, the Internet industry, civil society and 

policymakers to develop a multi-disciplinary Virtual 

Centre of Excellence for Research in Violent Online 

Political Extremism;

» Ensure that EU and Member State strategies targeting 
violent online political extremism are based on concrete 

evidence, experience, and knowledge.

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / Other coordination 
VOX-Pol

591

Results

» Critical mass of research excellence in the relevant 
research areas within the EU together with VOX-Pol’s 

international partners;

» Synergy on approaches, methodologies, and tech-
nologies currently being developed independently by 

disciplinarily and/or geographically distinct research 

communities;

» Better informed policy agendas on national, European, 
and international levels in key aspects of responses 

to violent online political extremism.

PARTNERS 

Dublin City University (DCU)  
University of Oxford (UOXF) 
Indraprastha Institute of Technology Delhi (IIITD) 
King’s College London (KCL) 
Universiteit van Amsterdam (UVA) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappel (TNO) 
Institut fur Friedensforschung und Sicherheitspolitik anDer Universitat Hamburg (IFSH)  
at the University of Hamburg 
Central European University (CEU) 
University College London (UCL) 

COUNTRY

Ireland
United Kingdom
India
United Kingdom
The Netherlands
The Netherlands
Germany 

Hungary
United Kingdom

592
592

3D-Forensics / Mobile high-resolution 3D-Scanner and 3D 
data analysis for forensic evidence

F
O

I

©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

r
o
t
a
n
i
d
r
r
o
o
r
t
t
o
a
a
o
n
n
C
d
d
r
r
o
o
o
o
C
C

i
i

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

312307 

Total Cost  

€ 1,770,435

EU Contribution  

€ 1,420,262

Starting Date  

01/05/2013

End Date  

31/08/2015

1)  Development of a mobile high-resolution 3D scanning 

3D-data, the easy extraction of 3D-features out of scanned 

system for forensic evidence recovery at crime scenes.

traces and their forensic analysis. The design needed to 

2)  Development of 3D data analysis and processing 

type and quality that police could use it for investigations 

software tools to provide results which may be used 

and, where necessary, be admissible as evidence in court. 

ensure that the data provided by the system was of a 

in the investigation and prosecution of crime.

3)  Test and evaluation of the 3D scanning system with 

tegration of the system’s modules as determined by the 

processing and analysis software by members of the 

previous design phase. The development of two prototypes 

The third phase of the project was development and in-

Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft 

forensic community.

zur Foerderung der 

was foreseen. They were tested in the fourth phase of the 

project, which was focussed on the test and evaluation of 

angewandten Forschung 

4)  To supplement the expertise of an SME-based con-

the development results.

e.V. (FhG)

sortium with further end-user and applied research 

Fraunhofer-Institut für 

knowledge for efficient and effective development 

Dissemination, exploitation and management activities run 

Angewandte Optik und 

of a new product.

throughout the course of the project. 

Feinmechanik IOF 

Albert-Einstein-Straße 7

07745 Jena, 

Germany 

Contact

Description of the work

The project responded to a topic in the FP7 Security Research 

work programme that was specifically targeted towards 

Small and Medium sized Enterprises (SMEs). Five of the 

seven partners were SMEs. The work in the project was 

Peter Kühmstedt

In the first phase of the project the technical requirements 

focussed towards providing a solution which was sufficiently 

Tel  : +49 (0)3641 807 230

placed on the design of the 3D scanning and analyising sys-

attractive to the police community to be commercially ex-

Fax  : +49 (0)3641 807 602

tem were confirmed and further detailed. This was achieved 

ploited by the SMEs.

E-mail  : peter.kuehmstedt@

by considering the present use of traces in the investigation 

iof.fraunhofer.de

Website  :  

and prosecution of crime and the potential offered by the 

application of the 3D scanning technology. An important 

www.3D-Forensics.eu

result was confirmation of the types of traces the scan-

ning system should focus on, most probably footwear and 

vehicle tyre impressions.

In the second phase of the project the complete system was 

designed, consisting of two parts. Firstly, a mobile hand-

held 3D-sensor system based on high-resolution fringe 

projection, including embedded FPGA-based electronics for 

fast data processing, designed for direct use at crime scenes. 

Secondly, a set of software tools designed for collection of  

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / Small and Medium Enterprises 
 
 
 
3D-Forensics
3D-Forensics

593
593

Results

software has been designed to allow analysis of the new 

3D data in a way in which forensic experts are used to 

3D-Forensics has developed a prototype mobile high 

working with traditional techniques. Individual identifica-

resolution 3D-scanner, and 3D data analysis software 

tion characteristics such as holes and tears in footwear 

for forensic evidence recording and analyses. These tools 

impressions can be compared against scans of suspects’ 

can record and analyse footwear and tyre impressions, 

shoes or the actual shoes. A workflow and methods ap-

as well as profiles, left at crime scenes in 3D and colour 

proach have been implemented to ensure the integrity 

by using optical scanning technology. 

and authenticity of the data. The system was success-

fully tested in relevant environments, i.e. similar to crime 

The scanner is designed as a handheld device which can 

scenes. The results are assessed as having reached the 

be used outdoors with battery power. The scans provide 

Technology Readiness Level (TRL) 6 and a 30-month plan 

highly resolved 3D point clouds, and colour images are 

has been developed to take the project results through to 

taken simultaneously with an attachable high resolution 

the launch of a concrete product (TRL 9) with the support 

camera. The integrated 3D measurement and colour data 

of police forces and a forensic institute. 

can be analysed with a set of software tools to investigate 

the characteristics of footwear and tyre impressions. The 

PARTNERS 

Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (FhG) 
Regio Politie Zeland 
DelftTech BV 
Lucas Instruments GmbH 
Enclustra GmbH 
Gexcel srl 
Crabbe Consulting Ltd 

COUNTRY

Germany
The Netherlands
The Netherlands
Germany
Switzerland
Italy
United Kingdom

594594

GRAFFOLUTION /Awareness and Prevention Solutions 
against Graffiti Vandalism in Public Areas and Transport

F
O

I

©

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

» Conduct research on graffiti vandalism in public areas 
and transport; identify relevant stakeholders, roles and 

Disfigurement of public areas and transport vehicles causes 

hundreds of millions of Euros in removal costs and the us-

processes

» Analyse  initiatives,  measures,  technical  methods 
and best practices in response to graffiti vandalism 

in Europe and survey requirements of all affected 

stakeholders

age of tons of harmful chemicals each year. Surroundings 

affected by extensive illegal graffiti produce feelings of 

insecurity among citizens and generate serious negative 

effects on a social, cultural and economic level.

GRAFFOLUTION aims to help counteract graffiti vandalism, 

focusing on smart awareness and prevention solutions for all 

affected stakeholder groups, as presented on an innovative 

web based platform. 

608152 

Total Cost  

€ 1,921,748

EU Contribution  

€ 1,497,040

Starting Date  

01/03/2014

Duration  

24 months

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SYNYO GMBH  (SYNYO)

Research & Development 

» Develop concepts and solutions against illegal graffiti 
and design a web-based awareness and prevention 

Department

framework for stakeholders and the public

Otto-Bauer-Gasse 5/14

1060 – Vienna - Austria

Contact

Bernhard Jäger  

Tel  : +43 1 9962011 6

Mobile  :  

+43 699 18 940 006

» Develop a collaborative knowledge base for experts and 
stakeholders to improve the exchange of know-how 

and support decision makers at the European level

» Provide an open information hub based on social media 
technologies to increase awareness among writers and 

Fax  : +43 1 99 620 11 77

citizens by presenting information and visualisations

E-mail  : bernhard.jaeger@

synyo.com

Website  :  

www.graffolution.eu  

www.synyo.com

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / Small and Medium Enterprises 
 
Results

The open information hub was established to inform all 

kinds of stakeholders such as members of a local com-

The project developed a two-tiered web platform con-

munity, enabling them to participate in the platform to 

sisting of a collaborative knowledge base and an open 

share perspectives and opinions. Its users can also con-

information hub. 

tribute to the platform by adding new information (e.g. 

new legal walls, events).

The knowledge base allows relevant stakeholders to inter-

act and transfer information with each other. Through this 

system, single duty holders (such as city administrations, 

transport organisations, law enforcement services, etc.) 

can identify new approaches to tackling graffiti vandalism, 

share knowledge, find good practices and create their own 

prevention strategies. 

PARTNERS 

SYNYO GmbH (SYNYO) 
Universitat de Barcelona (UB) 
The University of Arts London (UAL) 
Sine-Institute gGmbH (SINE) 
Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya (FGC) 
London Borough of Islington (LBI) 
Union Internationale des Chemis de Fer (UIC) 
Eticas Consulting (EC) 

Graffolution
Graffolution

595
595

COUNTRY

Austria
Spain
United Kingdom
Germany
Spain
United Kingdom
France
Spain

596596

F
O

I

©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

MISAFE /The Development and Validation of Microbial Soil 
Community Analyses for Forensics Purposes

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

313149 

Total Cost  

€ 2,604,269.40

EU Contribution  

€ 1,991,000.00

Starting Date  

01/06/2013

End Date  

31/05/2015

THE HEBREW  

UNIVERSITY OF  

Soil is a complex and heterogeneous material. However, 

for potentially comparing forensic soil samples. This project 

that complexity can make it a useful form of trace evidence 

was a partnership between two SMEs, two police forces 

in crime investigation. It is easily transferable - attaching, 

and three academic institutions. 

staining and smearing to inanimate objects, as well as to 

live and dead bodies - it is a potentially valuable asset for 

use in forensic analysis since its characteristics are affected 

by its origin, history, environment and management. How-

Description of the work

ever, largely due constraints of the current methodology 

of analysis, soil use as forensics tool is limited.

The expertise of each partner was called upon for the 

development of specific aspects of the project, and for 

Soil provides an enormous phylogenetic and functional 

their integration. This included:

JERUSALEM  (HUJI)

microbial diversity, with up to one billion cells and many 

Plant Pathology and Micro-

thousands of bacterial species per gram. Soil bacterial 

» Setting standard parameters of soil DNA extraction 

biology

communities  also  are  affected  by  their  environment, 

and selecting a best performing procedure;

Faculty of Agriculture, Food 

and have the ability to reflect the history of a given soil, 

and Environment 12

thereby providing a unique and powerful tool for tracing 

» Developing sampling and storage procedures;

76100, Rehovot, Israel

soil origin. Soil evidence is often comparative; as soils 

Contact

differ in microbial content, a comparison of the communi-

» Evaluating and comparing DNA technologies applied 

Edouard Jurkevitch  

ties inhabiting soils may reveal if samples from different 

to soil forensics;

Tel  : 972-8-9489167

scenes are derived from the same or from some other, 

Fax  : 972-8-9489062

unrelated, location. 

E-mail  : edouard.jurkevitch@

» Delimiting spatial and temporal boundaries of soil 
microbial profiling, and set up a soil profile database;

mail.huji.ac.il

Website  :  

Taking advantage of the advent of powerful molecular 

technologies, and associated big data handling approaches, 

» Developing and implementing bioinformatics and sta-

https://sites.google.com/

soil bacterial DNA can be isolated and used to profile the 

tistical tools required for soil microbial profiling;

site/fp7misafe/

bacterial communities associated with a soil sample. These 

DNA-based technologies are ripe for forensic analyses and 

» Evaluating and validating the protocols and the mate-

their implementation, discriminating between sites, even 

rial, providing legal support to the approach.

between closely related sites. 

The objectives of MiSAFE were to develop soil DNA tools 

for profiling soil bacterial communities in forensic samples, 

and setting up and implementing protocols and working 

procedures based on the most powerful DNA technologies. 

MiSAFE also constructed a framework for a pan-European 

database of soil microbial communities and soil properties  

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / Small and Medium Enterprises 
 
 
MiSAFE
MiSAFE

597
597

Results

» MiSAFE aimed at developing and implementing protocols 
for using bacterial community analysis in a forensics 

context. MiSAFE developed and validated:Soil DNA ex-

traction procedures

» Developed data handling and analysis protocols and 

bioinformatics platforms

» Proposed a legal and operational framework. 

MiSAFE showed that soil bacterial communities can be 

used to discriminate between soil samples originating 

» Identified adequate marker genes for use in soil DNA 

from various soils or different locations within the same 

PCR amplification

» Specified sampling and storage protocols

soil type. MiSAFE also revealed that soil microbial DNA 

analysis is robust, providing similar results with different 

technological approaches. It also showed that soil sam-

ples can be conserved over long periods of time and that 

» Selected DNA  analytic technologies compatible with 

standard forensics labs can easily apply the approach.

the forensics laboratory

PARTNERS 

The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJI) 
Libragen (LIB) 
CLC Bio (CLCBio) 
Ecole Centrale de Lyon (ECL) 
James Hutton Institute (JHI) 
Ministry of Public Security (MOPS/INT) 
Ministerio del Interior (GC) 

COUNTRY

Israel
France
Denmark
France
United Kingdom
Israel
Spain

598

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

y
o
b
e
B
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

OSMOSIS / Overcoming security market obstacles for SMEs’  
involvement in the technological supply chain 

Grant Agreement N°   

Project objectives

Description of the work

242416

Total Cost    

€ 726,706.60

EU Contribution   

€ 580,889 

Starting Date   

01/04/2010

End Date   

31/03/2012

CIAOTECH SRL

Via Palestrina 25

00189 - Rome

Italy

http://www.ciaotech.com

Contact

Mr. Paolo SALVATORE

Tel : +39 06 33268972

Fax : + 39 06 33267022

The OSMOSIS project objective is to foster the involve-

The OSMOSIS method is strongly based on the back-

ment of SMEs in the security technology supply chain 

ground of the consortium, and on their unique capabili-

and to facilitate the collaboration between SMEs and 

ties and expertise as technology transfer organisations 

the key stakeholders in the European Security domain.

providing services to Large Organisations and SMEs in 

OSMOSIS will create a nurturing environment for the 

Europe.

involvement of SMEs in the overall Security Market, 

The project methodology will be driven by the following 

through a set of services including:

three main pillars:

» Identification of untapped market potentials in the 

technology security market supply chain;

» Actions towards Key Stakeholders operating in the 
Security Technology supply chain, to stimulate and 

support such organisations in involving SMEs in engi-

» Liaison with large organisations to foster the involve-
ment of SMEs in the security technology supply chain, 

neering projects as well as in research projects, and 

to gather relevant information about untapped market 

including the involvement in joint R&D activities;

potentials;

» The creation of a database of qualified SMEs that 
will create “meta-clusters” where Large Enterprises 

» Actions towards SMEs, to create awareness on tech-
nology supply chain opportunities and provide specific 

E-mail :  

could identify partners for their engineering and/or 

services that help SMEs to enter the overall market 

p.salvatore@ciaotech.com

R&D projects;

supply chain;

Website :  

www.osmosisecurity.eu

» Full support to SMEs to favour their involvement in 

the security supply chain;

» Dissemination and networking events to create a col-
laborative environment among key stakeholders.

» Actions aimed at setting up means to facilitate com-
munication and networking among key stakeholders 

and organizations.

An added value proposition will be carried out for the 

engagement of large enterprises. The focus will be placed 

on the added value that OSMOSIS could provide to them:

» the competitiveness improvement of the ecosystem 

of the large organization,

» the capability of benefit from innovations and tech-

nological expertise offered by SMEs, and

» achievement of corporate social responsibility objec-

tives.

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / Small and Medium Enterprises 
 
 
In addition, the OSMOSIS website, will be a reference 

Results

point for key stakeholders looking for pre-qualified or-

ganisations with specific competences/skills in the se-

The results of the project are available on the CORDIS 

curity sector. The website includes services as:

website http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/security.

» Access to a database of SMEs, classified following a spe-
cific taxonomy and including only relevant SMEs operating 

in security related engineering and/or research activities;

» A list of security research opportunities that could be 
exploited by SMEs to collaborate with large organizations;

» Information on security-related grants;

» Interactive communication tools to allow the communi-
cation of the identified opportunities and the transfer of 

specific knowledge to SMEs of the different meta-clusters.

PARTNERS 

CiaoTech Srl (CTECH) 
SESM Soluzioni Evolute per la Sistemistica e i Modelli S.c.a.r.l. 
GMVIS Skysoft, S.A. 
Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per l’Informatica 
Technische Universität München (TUM) 
INNOSTART Nemzeti Uzleti es Innovacios Kozpont Alapítvany 
Honeywell, spol. s r.o. 
Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial 
Fundación madrimasd para el Conocimiento 
ELSAG Datamat S.p.a. 
PNO Consultants S.A.S. 

OSMOSIS

599

COUNTRY

Italy
Italy
Portugal
Italy
Germany
Hungary
Czech Republic
Spain
Spain
Italy
France

600

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

P-REACT / Petty cRiminality diminution through sEarch and Analysis 
in multi-source video Capturing and archiving plaTform

Grant Agreement N°   

Project objectives

Description of the work

607881

Total Cost    

€ 1,893,606 

EU Contribution   

€ 1,489,396 

Starting Date   

01/04/2014

Duration

24 months

P-REACT aims to:

» design and develop a cost-effective solution for petty 
crime detection, response, investigation and analysis;

The P-REACT project will design and develop a low cost 

surveillance platform that will ensure communication 

between key users with a focus on increasing the ability 

of on the ground police and security personnel to respond. 

The solution will encompass intelligent video and audio 

» deliver novel video and audio analytics to detect pet-
ty crime incidents and develop crime reporting and 

sensors to detect petty crime incidents and a cloud-

based monitoring, alert detection and storage platform.

An incident detected by sensors will initiate a work flow 

including alerting relevant Security Personnel and/ or 

police with the relevant video and intelligence informa-

tion, ensuring the appropriate response. The solution 

will encourage community participation in the reporting 

of petty crime and as such will be designed to receive 

information (images, video) captured by mobile smart 

devices or unconnected surveillance system.

analysis solutions to strengthen decision-making and 

responses;

FUNDACIÓN CENTRO 

DE TECNOLOGÍAS DE 

INTERACCIÓN VISUAL 

» design and develop a novel, cloud-based Video Content 
Management System (VCMS) that is capable of being 

Y COMUNICACIONES 

delivered as a service;

VICOMTECH (VICOM)

Security Projects

Paseo Mikeletegi 57

» exploit the use of semantic technologies to aid crime 
analysis and mapping which will help forecast, prevent 

20009 – Donostia / San 

and detect future petty crimes;

Sebastián – Spain

Contact

Juan Arraiza  

» analyse technical barriers in the standardisation and 
scalability of the technologies and to ensure that any 

Tel : +34 943 30 92 30

societal, ethical and legal issues are properly balanced 

Fax : +34 943 30 93 93

and addressed;

E-mail :  

security@vicomtech.org

Website :  

» Organise the demonstration, validation and evalu-
ation of the proposed system according to defined 

www.vicomtech.org

user scenarios.

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / Small and Medium EnterprisesP-REACT

601

Results

1.  Intelligent management of multi-sources camera and 

6.  Security framework ensuring the data privacy, data pro-

sensors (IR, depth, etc.) though embedded systems.

tection and access level control to the P-REACT system.

2.  Light visual and video analytics at the embedded sys-

7.  Present trials in real conditions based on pragmatic 

tem level.

scenarios.

3.  The development of novel cloud service Video Surveillance 

as a Service (VSaaS) for the video archive integration.

4.  The development of a video platform which small busi-

ness can report incidents and upload relevant video 

footage from surveillance systems or mobile devices.

5.  Assure the privacy and the security of the surveillance 

data.

PARTNERS 

Fundación centro de tecnologías de interacción visual y comunicaciones Vicomtech (VICOM) 
Kinesense Limited (KS) 
Aditess Advanced Integrated Technology Solutions & Services (ADI) 
Future Intelligence LTD (FINT) 
Center for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH) 
Center for Security Studies (KEMEA) 
Società Reti e Mobilità SRL (SRM) 

COUNTRY

Spain
Ireland
Cyprus
United Kingdom
Greece
Greece
Italy

602
602

ROSFEN / Rapid On-site Forensic Analysis of Explosives and Narcotics

N
E
F
S
O
R
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

321829 

Total Cost  

€ 1,997,635

EU Contribution  

€ 1,420,262

Starting Date  

01/04/2013

End Date  

31/07/2015

Forensic analysis is an essential resource in the bat-

ROSFEN focused on design and development of 

tle against organised crime and terrorist attacks. A key 

challenge in forensics is the detection of trace explosive 

residues at a post-blast scene or on the hands or clothes 

» Field-deployable, chip-based tandem mass spectrom-
eter (MS) system with in-line ion filter (FAIMS-AIMS2) 

of an alleged suspect. Detection of the high-explosive 

for on-site direct analysis of narcotics, explosive com-

primer charge (e.g., Pentaerythritol tetranitrate, PETN) is 

pounds and precursor materials.

often hampered by higher-concentration residues from 

the main charge, e.g., ammonium nitrate. Detection of 

the primer can be essential in order to secure a prosecu-

» Macromolecules and high-surface area templates for 
molecular recognition-based “trapping” of explosive 

University College Cork, 

tion, especially if the materials that comprise the main 

compounds. 

National University of 

charge are commonly available, e.g., ammonium nitrate 

Ireland, Cork, Tyndall 

is present in fertiliser.

National Institute (Tyn-

» Modules for sample introduction, vapour collection and 

multi-pass analyte recycling

dall-UCC)

ROSFEN’s  goal  was  to  deliver  an  advanced  foren-

Tyndall National Institute

sic  platform  for  rapid,  on-site  direct  detection  and 

Lee Maltings, 

lab-quality  analysis  of  narcotics,  explosives  and 

» The performance of the system was assessed in a 
forensic analysis laboratory by forensics experts and 

Dyke Parade, Cork, 

their  precursors.  The  ROSFEN  platform  was  based 

also in a secure “real-world” proving ground by crime-

Ireland

Contact

Aidan Quinn

on a novel chip-based triple quadrupole  mass spec-

scene officers.

trometer with an advanced front-end ion filter and a 

sample  introduction/pre-concentration  module.  The 

Tel  : +353 21 490 4424

performance  targets  were  detection  limits  down  to 

E-mail  : aidan.quinn@

1 ng/mL for the ion-filtered mass spectrometer with  

tyndall.ie

1 % false alarm rate. The response time target was  

Website  : www.tyndall.ie

< 10 seconds for a single scan with < 30 minutes set-

up time. 

The field-deployable ROSFEN platform was a fraction 

of the size, power consumption and weight of ‘state of 

the art’ lab-based tandem mass spectrometer products, 

with a target weight of 40 kg; power consumption of 

450 W and size of 35 cm (W) × 70 cm (L) × 35 cm (H).

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / Small and Medium Enterprises 
 
ROSFEN
ROSFEN 603
603

Results

Additional innovations included development of high-sur-

face area templates (Tundall-UCC) and novel molecular 

The ROSFEN consortium developed an ion-filtered mass 

receptors (University of Basel) for specific adsorption (pre-

spectrometer platform aimed at rapid, on-site forensic 

concentration) of PETN. The operation and performance 

analysis of narcotics and explosives. Within the project, the 

of these molecular traps was also investigated, using 

sub-systems developed included a novel ion filter (Environ-

atomistic simulations (Tyndall-UCC). 

ics), a miniaturised triple quadruple mass spectrometer 

(Microsaic), as well as a sample introduction and heating 

module for on-site desorption of analyte material from 

forensic swabs (Environics). 

The prototype system was integrated by Environics and 

assessed in a lab environment by Forensic Science of 

Northern Ireland. Detection of explosives (including PETN) 

at 10 ng levels as well as drugs of abuse and chemical 

warfare agents were achieved. 

PARTNERS 

University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork, Tyndall National Institute (Tyndall-UCC) 
Microsaic Systems (Microsaic) 
Environics OY (Environics OY) 
Universitaet Basel (UNIBAS) 
Department of Justice Northern Ireland, Forensic Science Northern Ireland (FSNI) 
Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) 

COUNTRY

Ireland
United Kingdom
Finland
Switzerland
United Kingdom
United Kingdom

604
604

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

r
o
t
a
n
i
d
r
o
r
t
o
a
o
n
C
d
r
o
o
C

i

SMARTPREVENT /Smart Video-Surveillance System to 
Detect and Prevent Local Crimes in Urban Areas

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°  

Project objectives

Description of the work

606952 

Total Cost  

€ 1,943,448.00

EU Contribution  

€ 1,499,995.50

Starting Date  

01/03/2014

Duration  

24 months

The SmartPrevent project focuses on the detection and 

The increase of criminal activity is manifested in an in-

prevention of frequent petty crimes that are of high 

creased frequency of small crimes like graffiti, theft, robbery, 

impact to local communities and citizens in urban sce-

and destruction of rubbish bins. This has had a big impact 

narios, considered to be a low-cost video-surveillance 

for local governments, citizens and businesses.

system oriented to end-users.

The objectives of SmartPrevent project are:

very limited and only consist of a presentation of visual 

» Detection of crime on persons and local businesses 

oriented to end-users, limiting their capacity to help and 

information captured by the visual sensors network, not 

Current video-surveillance systems in urban scenarios are 

TREELOGIC TELEMATICA Y 

in urban areas;

LOGICA RACIONAL PARA 

prevent the criminal activity. Furthermore, the visual-surveil-

lance systems usually do not have any automatic process 

LA EMPRESA EUROPEA SL 

» Crime prevention over persons and local businesses 

to store the most relevant evidence to be used in the legal 

(TREELOGIC)

R&D Department

in urban areas;

punitive process of criminals.

Parque Tecnológico de 

» Video-surveillance system oriented for end-users.

SmartPrevent will address this challenge by:

Asturias, Parcela 30

33428- Llanera- Asturias 

» Video-surveillance system as an effective and efficient 

(Spain)

Contact

punitive tool that protects people’s privacy;

SERGIO GARCÍA ÁLVAREZ

» Temporal and spatial adaptability;

Tel  : +34 985 966 136

E-mail  : sergio.garcia.alvarez@

» Low-cost video-surveillance system.

treelogic.com

Website  :  

www.smartprevent.eu 

» Studying the characteristics of frequent criminal activi-
ties in real urban scenarios including typical variations 

and unanticipated criminal situations;

» Developing a low-cost, adaptable video-surveillance 
system in order to detect and prevent criminal activities;

» Building a video-surveillance system that functions 
as a punitive tool in order to store the most relevant 

evidence of the detected criminal activities.

Rather than providing new methodologies or tools, Smart-

Prevent will focus on: a) improving already-existing meth-

odologies by means of a set of guidelines for the use of 

video-surveillance systems; and b) providing a set of tools 

capable to improve the existing crime detection systems. 

Our solution will be validated by deploying a realistic proto-

type scenario, which will actively involve the detection and 

prevention of crimes in urban areas and the management 

of these detections by final users.

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / Small and Medium Enterprises 
SmartPrevent
SmartPrevent

605
605

Results

We will develop and provide four important benefits: i) 

Systematic characterization of usual petty crimes in an 

area under automatic surveillance; ii) automatic detection 

of the most usual and frequent criminal activities; iii) a set 

of automated tools capable of alerting the appropriate 

responders; and iv) early prevention of crimes by prediction 

and early detection of crimes.

PARTNERS 

Treelogic Telematica Y Logica Racional para la Empresa Europea SL (TREELOGIC) 
QUeen Mary and Westfield College, University of London (QMUL) 
Vision Semantics Limited (VSL) 
Emza Visual Sense Ltd (EVS) 
Ayuntamiento de Las Rozas de Madrid (ALR) 
Ankara Strateji Enstitusu Dernegi (ASED) 

COUNTRY

Spain 
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Israel
Spain
Turkey

606

CRESCENDO / Coordination action on risks, evolution of threats 
and context assessment by an enlarged network for an r&d roadmap  

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°   

Project objectives

Description of the work

218026

Total Cost    

€ 521,281

EU Contribution   

€ 499,523

Starting Date   

01/07/2009

End Date  

30/06/2011

COMMISSARIAT  

» To strengthen, enlarge and render sustainable the 
networks created by SeNTRE and STACCATO with As-

On the basis of SeNTRE and STACCATO PASR supporting 

activities, CRESCENDO will focus on keeping this unique, 

sociated Countries ;

results-driven, multi-sector public private network alive 

but also on expanding it, so as to include as many as pos-

» To analyse the evolution of threats (aggressions) and 
risks (accidents) assessment taking into account the 

sible private sector security research requirement owners, 

operative end-users and technology supply chain experts, 

balance between security and civil liberties ;

including from the new MS in the enlarged EU-27 and 

» To analyse the policies, the regulations and standardi-
zation and encourage the harmonisation of European-

the Associated Countries. To achieve the objectives of the 

project, CRESCENDO work plan is divided into 6 technical 

work packages:

A L’ENERGIE ATOMIQUE  

wide security related regulations and standards by 

ET AUX ENERGIES  

ALTERNATIVES

benefiting from the on-going national and European 

Organisation and operation of the network

relevant activities with the support of CEN in connection 

Centre de Saclay- Bât 476

with existing networks and associations; 

F91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette 

Cedex

France

Contact

Mr. Jean-Louis SZABO

Tel : +33 1 69 08 33 71

Mobile : +33 6 07 44 07 13

» To analyse the innovation process (the demand the 
supply chain and the links between actors Academia, 

RTOs, Industries, SMEs, Service sector and End-users) ;

» To elaborate recommendations for key themes for 
the Security Research Programme such as emerging 

Fax : +33 1 69 08 18 19

technologies, maturity of current systems and areas of 

improvement, evolution of standards to enhance sys-

» Experts & stakeholders Identification;
» Expert & stakeholders assessment methodology;
» Network organisation and methodology / workshops;
» Network support tools.

Society security evolutions (threats and risks)

» Assessments of threats and risks;
» Translation into security policies;
» Changing providers of security. The balance between 

tems connectivity, regulatory issues if any across EU27 

civil liberties and security;

and associated countries in an integrated roadmap ;

» Supporting the evolution of the security market.

» To advise on the implications for future programmes 
as well as on the best way to continue the network 

and optimize the dialogue between all stakeholders.

Policies, regulation and standardization

» Regulations Mapping and Analysis;
» Standards Mapping and Analysis;
» Development of a network/expert body for policy sug-

gestions;

» Development of a network/expert body for standardisa-

tion and regulations harmonisation proposals;

» Development of working methods and processes for 

the networks.

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / Studies 
 
CRESCENDO

607

Innovation process

Consolidation  and  continuous  dialogue  and  
recommendations for future programmes/projects

» Demand structuring and development;
» Regulation and supply chain;
» Ways to improve the links between the academic sector 

and industries, SMEs and the service sector;

» ESTIB structuring and supply chain development.

» Proposals and recommendations.

Results

R&D Roadmaps

The results of the project are available on the CORDIS 

website http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/security.

» Coordination with ongoing research programmes;
» Proposed R&D implementation;
» Launch of other initiatives and programmes (beyond 

R&D).

PARTNERS 

Commissariat à l’énergie atomique (CEA-LIST) 
European Aeronautics Defence and Space Company EADS France SAS 
Astrium SAS 
Finmeccanica- Societa Per Azioni 
Morpho (SGM) 
Thales avionics SA 
Österreischiches Forschung- und Prüzentrum Arsenal GesmbH 
Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus (VTT) 
European Materials research society 
Tübitak Marmara research centre information technology institute 
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e. V.  
Stiftelsen SINTEF 
Fundación Robotiker 
Fondation pour la Recherche Stratégique 
Instituto Affari Internatiozionali 
European Commission - Joint Research Centre (JRC) 
European Biometrics forum limited 
Association française de normalisation 
Ministère de l’intérieur 
Center for Security Studies 
AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH (AIT) 

COUNTRY

France
France
France
Italy
France
France
Austria
Sweden
The Netherlands
Finland
France
Turkey
Germany
Norway
Spain
France
Italy
Belgium
Ireland
France
France
Greece
Austria

608

ESC / European Security Challenge  

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

m
o
L
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°   

Project objectives 

Results  

261566

Total Cost    

€ 527,034

EU Contribution   

€ 468,279

Starting Date   

01/03/2011

End Date  

29/02/2012

Other regions of the world, particularly the US, use com-

The ESC team conferred with experts, policymakers, 

petitive incentives such as awards and prizes to encourage 

companies and other stakeholders to shape its work, 

innovation in security research, but Europe has lagged 

surveying 523 SMEs and interviewing 24 international 

in this area.

innovation decision-makers from both public and private 

The focus of this one-year project was to examine how 

such a model could be used to Europe’s advantage.  ESC’s 

This led to the definition of three competition packages 

three-member consortium, consisting of Global Security 

as options for the Commission to use in the future.  The 

Challenge LLP (UK), Jožef Stefan Institute (Slovenia) and 

three are:

sectors, for example.

GLOBAL SECURITY 

PR agency 3D Communications (France), was tasked to 

CHALLENGE LLP

design prize competitions that encourage innovators (from 

57 Gloucester Place,  

industry, academia, etc.) to deliver innovation solutions in 

» the “UAV Crisis Response Challenge”, designed to ad-
vance unmanned aerial systems (UAS) technology for 

London W1U 8JJ 

United Kingdom

Contact

European security – and to provide ideas and guidelines 

emergency response to disasters; 

to the European Commission for doing so. 

» the “Citizens’ Frontline Emergency Management Com-
petition” to create open source software applications 

Mr Simon Schneider

A parallel objective was to examine how competitions 

Tel : +44 (0) 207 224 0110

could visibly involve EU citizens in the innovation process.

for emergency management, based on use of social 

Email : schneider@globalse-

curitychallenge.com

Website :  

www.omnicompete.com

media and modern communications technology; 

» the “Cloud Castle Challenge” to encourage the creation 
of an open source software repository, or ‘toolbox’, for 

cyber security and the protection of cloud computing. 

ESC’s final report will allow European policy-makers to 

assess the potential for using prize competitions to boost 

innovation in security. 

“Our analysis has shown that both applicants/innovators 

and prize promoters/sponsors can benefit from prizes,” 

says the team. It adds that contest applicants and win-

ners profit from wide media coverage and easier access 

to funding for the commercialisation of their research, 

while contest promoters and sponsors pull in participants 

from non-conventional fields that traditional methods fail 

to reach. Indeed, other methods for attracting innovation 

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / Studies 
 
 
 
ESC

609

such as research grants or patents are discussed in the 

report and compared to prize competitions.

The report ends with a suggestion to integrate prize 

competitions in the EU’s existing funding schemes.

PARTNERS 

Global Security Challenge LLP (GSC) 
3D Communications 
Institute Jozef Stefan (JSI) 

COUNTRY

United Kingdom
France
Slovenia

610

ESCORTS / European network for the security of control  
and real-time systems  

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-
d
a
N
b
e
T
©

E
A
C
O
C
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

Grant Agreement N°   

Project objectives

218217

Total Cost    

€ 1,108,701.75

EU Contribution   

€ 673,603.47

Starting Date   

16/06/2008

End Date  

15/12/2010

ESCoRTS  was  a  joint  endeavour  among  EU  process 

Nevertheless, a common strategy towards standardisa-

industries, utilities, leading manufacturers of control 

tion is lacking; the efforts are scattered across industrial 

equipment and research institutes, to foster progress 

sectors and companies. In addition, due to the lack of 

towards cyber security of control and communication 

testing facilities in the EU, manufacturers and operators 

equipment in Europe. This coordination action addressed 

currently need to resort to US cyber security facilities to 

the need for standardisation in this area (where Europe 

verify their products and services.

lags behind other world actors), indicating R&D directions 

by means of a dedicated roadmap. 

Description of the work

COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE 

ESCoRTS aimed at the dissemination of best practices on 

The key objectives of ESCoRTS include:

NORMALISATION (CEN)

Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) security 

Rue de Stassart 36 

implementation, thus ensuring convergence and hastening 

BE – 1050 Bruxelles 

the standardisation process worldwide, and paving the way 

» Developing a common understanding of industrial needs 
and requirements regarding the security of control sys-

Belgium

Contact

to establishing cyber security testing facilities in Europe. 

tems and the related standardisation, accompanied by a 

raising awareness programme reaching all stakeholders;

Luc Van den Berghe

Networked computers reside at the heart of critical in-

Tel : +32 2 550 09 57

frastructures and systems on which people rely, such as 

E-mail :  

the power grid, the oil & gas infrastructure, water supply 

» Identifying and disseminating best practice, possibly in a 
joint endeavour between manufacturers and end users, 

luc.vandenberghe@cen.eu

networks etc. Today these systems are vulnerable to cyber 

resulting in a joint capability and technology taxonomy 

Website :  

attacks that can inhibit their operation, corrupt valuable 

of security solutions;

www.escortsproject.eu/

data, or expose private information.

Attacks compromising security of monitoring and control 

» Stimulating convergence of current standardisation ef-
forts. Liaising with international efforts and especially 

systems may also have negative impact on the safety 

with the US Process Control Forum;

of personnel, the public and the environment by causing 

severe accidents like blackouts, oil spills, release of pol-

» Developing a strategic R&T and standardisation roadmap;

lutants in the air, water and soil. 

Pressure to ensure cyber security of control and com-

munication systems is strong in the US, where industry 

» Developing and deploying a secure ICT platform for the 
exchange of relevant data among the stakeholders;

sectors - electricity, oil, gas etc. are issuing guidelines 

and have set up a common platform, the Process Control 

» Identifying requirements for appropriate test platforms for 
the security of process control equipment and applications.

Systems Forum. There national facilities where to test the 

security of control and communication components are 

Results

available. In the EU, the importance of the issue starts to 

be recognized as well: vendors and many users are trying 

The results of the project are available on the CORDIS 

to accommodate what emerges as best practice security. 

website http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/security.

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / Studies 
 
 
ESCORTS

611

PARTNERS 

COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION (CEN)  
AREVA T&D SA (Areva) 
Enginet srl (EngiNet) 
UNINFO - Associazione di Normazione Informatica (UNINFO) 
OPUS PUBLISHING GENERAL PARTNERSHIP (OPUS) 
COMPANIA NATIONALA DE TRANSPORT AL ENERGIEI ELECTRICE TRANSELECTRICA SA (Transelectrica) 
ENEL PRODUZIONE. S.P.A. (ENEL) 
MEDITERRANEA DELLE ACQUE S.p.A. (Med-d-Acque) 
SIEMENS AG (Siemens) 
European Commission - Joint Research Centre (JRC) 
ABB SCHWEIZ AG (ABB) 
Enel Ingegneria e Innovazione SpA (ENEL spa) 

COUNTRY

Belgium
France
Italy
Italy
The United States
Romania 
Italy
Italy
Germany
Belgium
Switzerland
Italy

612

A
R
E
T
E
C
T
E
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

ETCETERA /  Evaluation of critical and emerging technologies for 
the elaboration of a security research agenda

Grant Agreement N°   

Project objectives

261512

Total Cost    

€1,996,728

EU Contribution   

€1,512,742 

Starting Date   

01/10/2011

End Date  

30/09/2013

FRAUNHOFER- 

GESELLSCHAFT ZUR 

FÖRDERUNG DER  

ANGEWANDTEN  

FORSCHUNG E.V.

Fraunhofer-Institut für  

Naturwissenschaftlich-

The ETCETERA project is a contribution to effective and 

capabilities to end users. Those dependencies could be 

efficient security research planning on a European level. 

caused by extra-European intellectual property rights 

Its aim is three-fold :

(IPR), trade and academic restrictions, restrictions due to 

high classification in dual-use technologies, and economic 

» to develop novel methodologies for future strategic 

challenges (e.g. shifting production sites, hindering or 

research planning;

underdeveloped norms and standards, failing business 

» to identify risks and potential benefits associated with 
Critical Dependencies and Emerging Technologies with 

security implications; and

models).

The last work package of Strand 1 will propose and 

prioritise alternative solutions to alleviate the Critical 

Dependencies identified. Strand 1 is associated with the 

» to recommend a research agenda to deal with these 

1st Consultation Campaign which includes five parallel 

risks and potential benefits.

workshops held at five locations and in six languages.

Description of the work 

Strand 2 : Emerging Technologies

Technische Trendanalysen

ETCETERA’s structure is separated into strands, one for 

In the first work package of Strand 2, Emerging Technolo-

Appelsgarten 2

Critical and the other for Emerging Technologies. These 

gies are scanned for their security implications in 10 to 

53879 Euskirchen,  

strands are separate but interrelated. Each strand is 

20 years time. Three scanning methods are implemented 

Germany

Contact

further divided into three Work Packages that will be 

in a parallel fashion by AIT, Fraunhofer INT, and Isdefe. 

carried through in a sequential manner. Two consultation 

A comparative analysis of the results of these three 

Joachim Burbiel

campaigns will generate input from technical experts, 

methods will then be performed. 

Tel : +49 2251 18 213

end-users, and public authorities.

Fax : +49 2251 18 38 213

E-mail : joachim.burbiel@ 

Strand 1 : Critical Technologies

int.fraunhofer.de

Website :  

Emerging Technologies identified to be most relevant 

will be analysed in depth in the second work package 

of this strand. Furthermore, it is envisaged to adapt the 

The first research strand (Work Packages 1 to 3) can 

originally military Disruptive Technology Assessment 

www.etcetera-project.eu

be envisaged as a filtering exercise. Starting from all 

Game (DTAG) to civil scenarios and to set up an evalu-

possible technologies, technologies indispensible for 

ative scenario workshop.

European security now and in the near future will be 

identified through extensive consultations within the 

In the last work package of the strand, all results on 

consortium and with external experts.

Emerging Technologies will be considered when develop-

ing recommendations for an Emerging Security Technol-

In the second work package, the validated list of Critical 

ogy Research Agenda (ESTRA).

Technologies will be checked for Critical Dependencies. 

Critical Dependencies arise if European industry is not 

self-sufficient in providing critical technologies/systems/ 

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / Studies 
 
 
ETCETERA

613

Results

Several new approaches for research planning have been 

developed and analysed. Among these is an enhanced 

and novel technology scanning method based on three 

established techniques. Other methods applied and com-

pared were participatory processes and technical ap-

proaches utilising scientific metrics. Based on this broad 

methodological framework, tentative results concern-

ing the development of research agendas to overcome 

critical dependencies and to harness opportunities of 

emerging technologies were developed. Ethical aspects 

have been taken into account at all levels of the project. 

The final report is available at www.etcetera-project.eu

PARTNERS 

Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer) 
Totalförsvarets Forskningsinstitut (FOI) 
Fundación Tecnalia Research & Innovation (Tecnalia) 
Ingeniería de Sistemas para la Defensa de España, S.A. (Isdefe) 
Universität Duisburg-Essen (UDE) 
AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH (AIT) 
Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) 
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek (TNO) 
VDI Technologiezentrum GmbH (VDI-TZ) 
Morpho (MPH) 
Ansaldo STS S.p.A. (ASTS) 
COMSEC Unternehmensgruppe (COMSEC) 
Centre for Science, Society and Citizenship (CSSC) 
Storstockholms brandförsvar (SSBF) 

COUNTRY

Germany
Sweden
Spain
Spain
Germany
Austria
France
The Netherlands
Germany
France
Italy
Germany
Italy
Sweden

614

SECURECHAINS / Integration of security technology supply 
chains and identification of weaknesses and untapped potential 

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

e
u
g
u
o
s
i
b
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°   

Project objectives

Description of the work 

242417

Total Cost   

€ 1,082,006.63

EU Contribution   

€ 820,032

Starting Date   

01/05/2010

End Date    

30/04/2012

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SERVIÇOS DE  

CONSULTADORIA  

EM INOVAÇÃO  

TECNOLÓGICA, S.A.

Contact

Alexandre Almeida

The SecureCHAINS project’s main mission is to contribute 

The SecureCHAINS project will be carried out along the 

to more competitive Security Technology Supply Chains 

following four main axes of activities :

(STSC). The project will cooperate with the industry to 

gain a better understanding of the nature and structure 

of the STSC from prime contractors to subcontractors 

» To identify opportunities and weak spots in the supply 
chains. The technology tree drawn up for a research 

coming from the various tiers of the supply chains. 

project will involve areas of technology of different 

The SecureCHAINS project will have the following six 
main objectives : 

‘technology readiness levels’ to determine technical 

maturity. Immature technology so identified would be 

» identify supply chains and stakeholders ; 

considered as a weak spot and the SecureCHAINS pro-

ject would advise on how this might be strengthened ;

degrees of maturity. We will apply the concept of 

» detect untapped potential that can be integrated in 

the European STSC ;

» To involve the best intellectual and technological ca-
pabilities available throughout Europe in the security 

technology supply chains ;

E-mail  : alexandre.almeida@

» engage innovative low tier suppliers in the STSC ;

inovamais.pt

Website  :  

» contribute to the building of R&D competences in the 

» To help organisations (SMEs, RTOs, Large Firms, etc.) 
to understand security related targets, mechanisms 

www.securechains.eu

STSC ; 

and opportunities ;

» develop awareness building activities in Security re-

lated RTD topics ; and

» To facilitate the organisations’ access to the main 
stakeholders and integrators, while protecting their 

» promote and facilitate a communication platform/
website and open dialogue in the fields related to 

The SecureCHAINS project is structured into 5 work-

intellectual property.

Security Technology management, regulation, policy 

packages (WP) :

and forecasting.

» WP1 Security Technology Supply Chains framework 

setting ;

» WP2 Analyses of the Supply Chains ;

» WP3 Increasing SME engagement in the STSC ;

» WP4 Technology Search & Transfer ;

» WP5 Dissemination and Future exploitation results 

and activities.

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / Studies 
 
 
 
SECURECHAINS

615

Results

The results of the project are available on the CORDIS 

website http://cordis.europa.eu/fp7/security.

PARTNERS 

Serviços de Consultadoria em Inovação Tecnológica, S.A. (INOVAMAIS ) 
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer) 
Deutsche Post World Net Market Research and Innovation GmbH (DHL Innovation Center) 
INNOVA SPA 
SOLLERTA Ltd  
FUNDACION ROBOTIKER 
Mr. Juergen K. von der Lippe and Dr. Jean Cornier 
UNIVERSITATEA DIN CRAIOVA 
ALMA CONSULTING GROUP SAS 
TECHNICAL SUPPORT FOR EUROPEAN ORGANISATIONS SPRL 
SOUTHEASTERN EUROPE TELECOMMUNICATIONS & INFORMATICS RESEARCH INSTITUTE 

COUNTRY

Portugal
Germany
Germany
Italy
United Kingdom
Spain
Germany
Romania
France
Belgium
Greece

616

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SecurePART / Increasing the engagement of civil society in 
security research

Grant Agreement N°   

Project objectives

evaluators, programme agenda influencers, partners in 

projects, commissioners of research, and programme & 

608039

Total Cost   

€966,039.50

EU Contribution   

€ 889,888.00

Starting Date   

01/05/2014

Duration 

24 months

SecurePART seeks to achieve four main objectives:

project disseminators. Following the quantitative analy-

sis, a pooling by experts will enable qualitative analyses 

1.  To study civil society organisations (CSOs) and CSO 
networks, identify bottlenecks and untapped potential 

to be carried out.

for their engagement in security research, and foster 

b.  Review of non-security focused research that also has 

their collaboration with other stakeholders, including: 

a similar problem of acceptance by society.

technology developers, public security providers, policy 

makers and researchers

Identify best practices in other technology R&D sectors 

which face similar challenges of inclusion and accept-

ance by society, like the chemical technology industry, 

genetics technology, etc. 

BANTEC CONSULTORES 

INICIATIVAS  

2.  To explore opportunities for funding offered within the 
EU security research programme, and provide advice 

EMPRENDEDORAS  

to the EU Commission in order to overcome barriers 

S.L. + (BAN)

European projects  

Parque Empresarial Zuatzu 

6, piso 1, puerta 2

20018

San Sebastián, Guipuzcoa, 

Spain

Contact

Elizabeth Isaacs  

Tel : +34  943314990

Mobile : +34  942277887

Fax : +34  943314990

E-mail : ei@bantec.es

to CSO participation

c.  Societal & CSO analyses 

3.  To develop a strategy and action plan to help increase 
CSO involvement in the delivery of security research 

Analyse the intra-, inter- and trans-CSO dimensions. A 

model of public policy stakeholder management along 

projects and in shaping the EU research programme.

criteria of high/low power and high/low interest will map 

4.  To promote a more inclusive, responsive and legiti-
mate approach to security research and innovation

Description of the work 

the relative influence of CSOs in research, and identify 

weaknesses, strengths, risks and opportunities.

Activity 2 – Increase the engagement of CSOs in se-

curity research

d.  Development of a communications plan about poten-

tial benefits of security research activities

Website : www.bantec.es

There is a need for a more structured civil society engage-

ment at European level regarding security research. The 

The main objective here is to bring together stakehold-

SecurePART project is implementing eleven main tasks 

ers from all sectors – CSOs & other security research 

grouped by type of activity: 

stakeholders – to work out a ‘case for action’, creating 

Activity 1 – Analysis and studies

awareness and fostering mutual dialogue. 

Activity 3 – Future strategy & Action plan

a.  Analyse the content and status of FP7 security re-

search projects. 

e.  Strategy for increasing CSO participation & action plan

The project will conduct research about the current CSO 

The action plan will make recommendations on how to/

involvement in security research actions, based on the 

integrate CSOs within the security research policy cycle. 

six different roles they can play: policy observers, project 

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / StudiesSecurePART

617

Results

organisations or small enterprises. A clear, shared, and 

legally binding definition of what a CSO is lacking, which 

Researchers analysed the institutional context of rel-

leads to their under-representation in EU security re-

evant research and engagement policies, plus the content 

search projects. Interviews, online surveys and an interac-

and status of security research projects and a review 

tive CSO-Stakeholder workshop revealed that, although 

of other non-security research. The SECUREPART team 

CSOs are interested in security research, more than one-

used supply-demand logic to identify existing, missing 

third do not consider security research relevant to their 

or untapped opportunities for CSO engagement in the 

activities. Hence, they do not participate. 

ESRP. They also developed a communication plan security 

research activities and a strategy and action plan to 

SECUREPART results were disseminated via policy briefs, 

increase CSO participation. 

social media, newsletters, brochures, posters and web-

sites. Its outcome should help achieve greater engage-

Findings indicate there are many CSOs that include a 

ment with and involvement of civil society organisations 

security provision. These are often hybrid organisations, 

and their advocates in EU security research in the future.

on the border between public administration, research 

PARTNERS 

Mr. Juergen K. Von der Lippe and Dr. Jean Cornier (VDL) 
European Network of National Civil Society Organizations (ENNA) 
Nexus Institute fur Kooperations Management und Interdisziplinare Forschung (NEXUS) 
Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universitaet Frankfurt am main (GUF) 
The University of Salford (SAL) 
GLOBAZ, S.A. (LOBA) 

COUNTRY

Germany
Belgium
Germany
Germany
United Kingdom
Portugal

618

STRAW /  Security Technology Active Watch   

m
o
c
a

.

i
l

o
t
o
F

-

i

a
d
e
m
N
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°   

Project objectives 

Results 

218132

Total Cost    

€ 1,341,933.33 

EU Contribution   

€ 998,537 

Starting Date   

01/10/2008

End Date   

31/05/2010

The STRAW project aimed to enhance European civil se-

The project began by creating a comprehensive review and 

curity by facilitating cooperation amongst various stake-

cataloguing framework for evaluating thematic, techni-

holders, including researchers, technology providers and 

cal and structural developments in security technology. 

end-users. 

This included creating a taxonomy structure for defining 

a concept map composed of classes, sub¬classes and 

Its mission was to monitor the security domain in order to 

name relations between technology areas. This served as 

detect relevant and applicable security technology devel-

the core of the semantic processing tool for the project’s 

opments, knowledge, experience and stakeholders. It also 

Security Technology Watch.

strove to deliver this information to the right audience at 

ATOS ORIGIN SAE

the right time to better exploit the information.

The main outcome of the project was “STRAWiki”, an online 

Atos Research & Innovation 

Albarracín, 25.

28037 Madrid

Spain

Contact

Aljosa Pasic

Tel : +34 91 214 88 00

Fax : +34 91 754 32 52

E-mail : aljosa.pasic@

atosresearch.eu

portal tool based on wiki software that allows users to 

constantly update technology information in an online 

depository.

w
a
r
t
S
©

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / Studies 
 
 
 
 
STRAW

619

PARTNERS 

Atos Origin SAE 
Aerospace and Defence Industries Association 
Thales Services 
Sitftelsen SINTEF 
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. (Fraunhofer) 
Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial 
Elsag Datamat S.p.A. 
Asociación de Empresas de Electrónica, Tecnologías de la Información y Telecomunicaciones de España 
Fondazione Rosselli 
European Organisation for Security 

COUNTRY

Spain
Belgium
France
Norway
Germany
Spain
Italy
Spain
Italy
Belgium

620

o
t
o
h
p
k
c
o
t
S

i

-

i

v
o
n
Ü
r
a
o
B

j

i

d
a
k
r
A
©

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

DITAC /  Disaster Training Curriculum 

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°   

Project objectives

285036

Total Cost    

€ 4,466,505.80 

EU Contribution   

€ 3,498,668 

Starting Date   

01/01/2012

Duration  

36 months

The DITAC Project will :

» analyse concepts, methods, and doctrines of crisis 
response and identify the relevant European compe-

It will develop a standardised strong, comprehensive 

and efficient EU wide approach to crises and disasters 

to feature the added value by EU coordinated actions in 

the field of crisis response. The curriculum will improve 

the preparedness and availability of trained personnel 

by providing a common language, common objectives 

tences of crisis management;

and common tools leading to better results in the pro-

tection and assistance of people confronted with large 

» analyse existing initiatives on generating curricula for 

scale crises.

crisis management;

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

UNIVERSITY CLINIC 

BONN GERMANY

Department of Orthopae-

dics and Trauma Surgery

Sigmund Freud Street. 25

» identify the requirements of the local actors in crisis 

benefit of a standardised training programme in crisis 

The focus is on international crisis management, but the 

management education; 

» identify the needs of relevant actors and the resulting 
stakeholder requirements for significant improvement 

and disaster response can also be used to increase Eu-

rope’s resilience in facing disasters and crises within the 

European Union. Establishing curricular training on how 

to respond to an international crisis and making it acces-

53127 Bonn, Germany

of trainings in international disaster response and crisis 

sible to pertinent organizations throughout the EU will 

be a first step towards building a European Emergency 

Response Centre. Collaboration of specialists for disaster 

Contact

management;

Dr. Philipp Fischer

Tel : +49 1607234539

Mobile : +49 1607234539

» develop a didactic concept to transmit common stand-
ards for crisis management education, using state of 

response as single experts in the field of international 

crisis management with local, regional and international 

Fax : +49 1607234539

the art methods for teaching and training; 

authorities, NGOs, training institutes, scientific societies, 

E-mail : philipp.fischer@ 

ukb.uni-bonn.de

» organize a pilot study course for suitable participants 

backgrounds in medical, psychological and technical 

research institutes and the cooperation of experts with 

Website : www.ditac.info

from European countries; 

emergency assistance, logistics, conflict analysis and 

security challenges will create synergies towards im-

» prove an evaluation tool for the course based on the 

proved disaster response capacity in the European Union.

developed curriculum.

Description of the work 

The DITAC Project will use open sources for dissemination 

during the project period in order to get continuous feed-

back, and will organize public meetings and congresses 

The DITAC project proposes to develop a holistic train-

to reach a consensus about the curriculum’s content.

ing curriculum for first responders and strategic crisis 

managers dealing with international crises. The DITAC 

Curriculum will address the key challenges for the man-

agement of disaster incidents.

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / Training 
 
 
 
 
DITAC

621

Results

» addresses the overall effectiveness and performance 
of the response and not just of the individual agencies ; 

» can be adapted to different geopolitical, organisational 

and geographic settings ;

» creates an environment supporting progressive learning 
and enrichment, even beyond the scope of the project;

» supports effective collaboration and dialogue between 

EU member states and beyond ;

» defines and develops educational tools which allow for 
preparing for and responding to major disasters in general.

PARTNERS 

University Clinic Bonn Germany (UKB) 
Prehospital and Disaster Medicine Centre (PKMC) 
Hanover Associates (HA) 
Center for Research in Emergency and Disaster Medicine (CRIMEDIM) 
Clinical Emergency Hospital Bucharest (URGENTA) 
Nations Health Career School of Management gGmbh (NHSC) 
General and Teaching Hospital Celje (SBC) 
Istanbul Aydin University (AFAM) 
Croatian urgent medicine and surgery association (CROUMSA) 
German Aerospace Center (DLR) 
Bonn International Center for Conversion (BICC) 
GABO :mi Gesellschaft für Ablauforganisation :milliarium mbH & Co. KG (GABO) 

COUNTRY

Germany
Sweden
England
Italy
Romania
Germany
Slovenia
Turkey
Croatia
Germany
Germany
Germany

622

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

LEILA /  Law Enforcement Intelligence Learning Applications

Grant Agreement N°   

Project objectives

» group interaction dynamics in intelligence analysis.

608303

Total Cost    

€ 1,978,327.45 

EU Contribution   

€ 1,499,837.00

Starting Date   

01/04/2014

Duration  

24 months

Intelligence analysis (IA) professionals are faced with daily 

A variety of learning experiences (e.g. games of deterrence, 

challenges to meet high demands for rapid, accurate as-

intelligence analysis under stress, emergence in highly 

sessments that require discovery and marshalling of evi-

collaborative situations) are simulated and computerized 

dence, integration and synthesis of data from disparate 

in different games that offer the possibility to actively 

sources, interpreting and evaluating information that is 

acquire the new IA skills from different angles.

constantly changing, and providing documentation and 

recommendations (intelligence products).

To reach these aims, the project evolves towards three 

The definition of the new competences and skills needed 

research outcomes:

CENTER FOR  

by the next generation of intelligence analysts is crucial to 

SECURITY STUDIES – 

the design of effective learning curricula that can better 

1.  Analyze and describe the specific skills and competences 
of  the  intelligence  analysts  by  exploring  different 

address the training needs of law enforcement agents.

characteristics and abilities and identifying learning 

P KANELLOPOULOU 4 ST

The emerging learning model for intelligence analysis 

10177 ATHINA

should integrate methodologies and tools designed to 

Greece

Contact

improve critical thinking, awareness of cognitive biases, 

improved capabilities in filtering and analyzing massive 

analysts;

needs and areas of improvement;

2.  Design an innovative methodology and a set of learning 
experiences to address the specific needs of intelligence 

George Leventakis

amount of data (even available online and in different 

Tel : +30 2107481630

languages), decision making under social and time pres-

Mobile : +30 6936660395 

sure, collaboration skills, creative intelligence, reporting 

3.  Develop and validate a set of serious games that 
enable trainees to acquire the skills and competencies 

Fax : +30 2107481995

and communication skills.

requested by their role.

E-mail : gleventakis@

kemea.gr

Website : 

The aim of the LEILA project is to provide law enforcement 

organizations with innovative learning methods to address 

http://leila.fvaweb.eu/ 

the improvement of intelligence analysis in regards to the 

Description of the work 

aforementioned capabilities and skills.  

The work plan is based on an iterative and action oriented 

The radical innovation of the LEILA holistic approach is due 

user-centric approach that  involves different actors  and 

to the combination of several fields which are normally 

guarantees  the substantive quality of the technologi-

explored and applied separately, such as:

cal research. More specifically, the different participants 

» psycho-sociological and cognitive factors in decision 
making (e.g. decision biases, critical thinking, multiple 

include end-users, domain experts, cognition specialists, 

educational experts, and technological and learning game 

designers, allowing for each actor to bring its particular 

reasoning strategies, creativity);

competence to the project.  The LEILA project covers 

both the practical and theoretical perspectives in an 

» decision making strategies under uncertainty (e.g. 

interrelated manner.

Bayesian approaches, game theory);

KENTRO MELETON 

ASFALEIAS – KEMEA

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / TrainingLEILA

623

Results

» Development of new serious games addressing the 
cognitive biases and gaps that may affect intelligence 

LEILA (Law Enforcement Intelligence Learning Applica-

agents’ operative performance, including “LabRint” to 

tion) provided law enforcement organisations with an 

improve aspects of a person’s mind-set; and “VUCA” 

innovative learning methodology and gaming solutions. 

which offers insight into critical competence areas

The project aimed to:

» Provision of variable learning contexts 

» Analyse and describe specific skills and competences 

of intelligence analysts

» Deployment of a set of facilitated learning experiences 

» Explore characteristics and abilities, identify learning 
needs, traps and biases and areas of improvement

» Supporting material through the deployment package

applicable to the serious games

» Design an innovative methodology and a set of learning 
experiences to address specific needs of intelligence 

analysts

» Provide a set of serious games to enable trainees 
to acquire the skills and competencies requested by 
their role

LEILA’s training package addressed training needs in terms 

of subject matter, learning context variables, deployment, 

and supporting material. This included:

Ultimately,  LEILA  produced  effective  and  innovative 

learning experiences that can be deployed across the 

targeted professionals. We assumed that intelligence 

analysts might also profit from similar learning experi-

ences, opening up a potentially larger diffusion space for 

the project’s learning modules. 

PARTNERS 

GLOBO TECHNOLOGIES SA 
ORT France  
Alphalabs Sarl  
Zanasi & Partners 
FVA New Media Research 
National Defense University CAROL I  
Center for Security Studies  

COUNTRY

Greece
France
France
Italy
Italy
Romania
Greece

624

n
o
i
t
a
m
r
o
f
n
I

i

r
o
t
a
n
d
r
o
o
C

SAFECITI /  Simulation Platform for the Analysis of Crowds Behaviour 
in Urban Environments with Training and Predictive Capabilities

E
A
C
O
C
©

Grant Agreement N°   

Project objectives

» Graphics components: 3D models for human repre-
sentation, static and dynamic versions, 3D vehicles 

607626 

Total Cost    

€ 1,899,049.28 

EU Contribution   

€ 1,442,733.96 

Starting Date   

01/03/2014

Duration  

24 months

The SAFECITI project proposes the creation of a simu-

and graphics optimization;

lation system for police intelligence analysts to predict 

the behaviour of crowds in urban environments under 

specific threats or stresses (e.g. turmoil, violence, panic, 

» Generation of urban environment: development of ur-
ban generation module (as the project aims to simulate 

catastrophes or terrorism) to train officers and develop 

realistic environments);

better safety plans and tactic operations.

This platform will be designed both as a simulation plat-

» Advanced crowd simulation: design and development 
of the crowd simulation engine that initializes and 

form for training purposes and as a predictive tool for 

updates the entities, their behaviours and their actions 

NEXT LIMIT 

operational use. The platform will include performance 

on the environment;

TECHNOLOGIES (SPAIN)

measurement tools based on safety goals (people and in-

SAFECITI

frastructure damage) to measure the skills of the analyst. 

Calle Angel Cavero 2

All the simulations will be stored in a database to work 

» Database module and predictive model: development 
of database components and predictive models, which 

28043 Madrid (Spain)

as a historic repository but also, more interestingly, as 

provide a very powerful tool for expanding the frame-

Contact

a large set of useful data to be re-analyzed by artificial 

work of the project beyond classic e-learning;

Victor Gonzalez  

intelligence algorithms to create predictive models. The 

Tel : +34 917 160 214 

main goal of this predictive model will be the creation 

Fax : +34 917 219 464

of a virtual analyst that is able to recommend actions 

» System validation: validation of the system. Field ex-
pertise by the Spanish national police department will 

E-mail : 

based on the enriched analysis of hundreds or thousands 

help to validate and test the system.

safeciti@nextlimit.com

of simulations.

Website : 

www.nextlimit.com

Description of the work 

Results

The development of the simulation platform involves 

requirements of the civil security intelligence community 

several technological challenges that will be covered 

regarding crowd safety and anticipated threat control in 

SAFECITI created a simulation platform to address the 

in the work plan:

» Requirements and specifications: definition of the speci-
fications mainly driven by end user requirements; seri-

ous game technology selection; requisite verification 

methodology;

cities. It developed a technology to predict the complex 

behavior of crowds in response to police action and to 

provide analysts with information to improve tactics and 

operations used in real situations.

SAFECITI’s platform allows real time radio communi-

cations between trainees across a network. Exercises 

» Interactive graphical platform, interfaces and control 
system: development of the main control system, inte-

involving a highly detailed crowd and police force de-

ployment, including crowd barricades and police barriers, 

gration of all the modules in the interactive platform; 

can be constructed.

user  interfaces;  scene  setup;  interactive  workflow, 

control and network modules;

Security Research   Security Research coordination and structuring / Training 
The project’s behavioural model generates realistic crowd 

Finally, the platform can replay recorded simulations 

reactions according to levels of aggression in reaction to 

for their evaluation and analyses, meaning the system 

police action. As a result, the simulated crowd behaves 

can recommend actions during one exercise based on 

heterogeneously and the overall emergent behaviour is 

previous similar situations

much more plausible.

Trainees can control police units and equipment and is-

sue high-level commands, while agents are deployed in 

formations that are also controlled by the users. 

The combination of GIS data harmonisation, procedural 

modelling of urban environments and export to a crowd-

simulation platform in one tool is unique. The system 

can replicate large urban environments of real cities and 

represent scenarios in 2D and 3D in real time.

PARTNERS 

Next Limit S.L. (NL) 
Griffin Softfware SRL (GR) 
Golaem S.A. (GO) 
ESRI R&D Center Zurich AG (ESRI) 
Politecnico di Torino (POLITO) 
Ministerio del Interior (MIR-DGP) 

SAFECITI

625

COUNTRY

Spain
Romania
France
Switzerland
Italy
Spain

626

LIST OF PROJECTS

IDUS CONSULTANCY LTD (IDUS) 

UNITED KINGDOM 

5

3D-Forensics 

A4A 

ABC4EU 

ACRIMAS 

ACXIS 

ADABTS 

ADDPRIV 

ADVISE 

AEROCEPTOR 

AF3 

AFTER 

ALTERNATIVE 

AMASS 

ANTIBOTABE 

ANVIL 

ARCHIMEDES 

ARENA 

ARGOS 

ARGUS 3D 

ASSERT 

ATHENA 

AVERT 

BASYLIS 

BEAT 

BESECU 

BESECURE 

BIO-PROTECT 

BONAS 

BOOSTER 

BRIDGE 

C2-SENSE 

CAERUS 

CAMINO 

CAPER 

CARONTE 

CascEff 

CASSANDRA 

CAST 

CATO 

CBRNEMAP 

CIPRNet 

CLOSEYE 

COBACORE 

COCAE 

COCKPITCI 

COMMONSENSE 

COMPOSITE 

COncORDE 

CONPHIRMER 

CONSORTIS 

CONTAIN 

COPE 

COPRA 

592

334

254

388

256

232

516

444

82

336

162

518

294

314

482

566

234

236

252

536

484

40

238

430

338

558

6

42

316

340

446

390

122

98

164

342

296

344

318

8

576

298

392

10

124

44

538

346

100

258

286

348

166

CORE 

COREPOL 

COSMIC 

COUNTERFOG 

COURAGE 

CPSI 

CREATIF 

CRESCENDO 

CRIM-TRACK 

CRISALIS 

CRISCOMSCORE 

CRISIS 

CRISMA 

CRISP 

CRISYS 

CUSTOM 

CWIT 

DARIUS 

D-BOX 

DECOTESSC1 

DEMASST 

DESSI 

DESTRIERO 

DESURBS 

DETECTER 

DIRAC 

DISASTER 

DITAC 

DITSEF 

DOGGIES 

DRIVER+ 

ECOSSIAN 

E-CRIME 

EDEN 

EFFISEC 

EKSISTENZ 

ELASSTIC 

ELITE 

EmerGent 

EMILI 

EMPHASIS 

ENCOUNTER 

EPISECC 

ePOOLICE 

EQUATOX 

ESC 

ESCORTS 

ESENet 

E-SPONDER 

ESS 

ETCETERA 

ETTIS 

EUCISE2020 

220

520

486

320

128

488

12

606

114

126

350

352

354

474

402

102

168

404

46

14

170

540

394

142

522

104

448

620

172

260

356

130

132

16

262

106

144

406

490

358

48

50

432

542

476

608

610

450

408

410

612

544

452

EULER 

EURACOM 

EUROFORGEN - NOE 

EUROSKY 

EU-SEC II 

EUSECON 

eVACUATE 

EVIDENCE 

EvoCS 

EWISA 

EXPEDIA 

FASTID 

FASTPASS 

FESTOS 

FIDELITY 

FOCUS 

FORCE 

FORESEC 

FORLAB 

FORTRESS 

FREESIC 

FRESP 

GAMMA 

GERYON 

GIFT CBRN 

GLOBE 

GRAFFOLUTION 

HANDHOLD 

HARMONISE 

HECTOS 

HELP 

HEMOLIA 

HIPOW 

HIT-GATE 

HOMER 

HYPERION 

HYRIM 

I2C 

ICARUS 

IDETECT 4ALL 

IDIRA 

IFREACT 

IMCOSEC 

IMPACT EUROPE 

IMPRESS 

IMSK 

INACHUS 

INDECT 

INDIGO 

INEX 

INFRA 

INGRESS 

INNOSEC 

462

174

578

176

568

560

412

84

546

288

52

414

264

548

266

550

552

554

54

434

464

322

178

466

18

290

594

268

146

478

396

108

180

468

56

58

134

300

416

240

360

324

222

492

362

72

418

242

364

524

182

270

570

INSEC 

INTACT 

IPATCH 

ISAR+ 

ISIS 

ISITEP 

ISTIMES 

L4S 

LASIE 

LEILA 

LINKSCH 

LOGSEC 

LOTUS 

MEPROCS 

MIDAS 

MIRACLE 

MISAFE 

MobilePass 

MODES_SNM 

MOSAIC 

MULTIBIODOSE 

MULTISENSE CHIP 

NI2S3 

NMFRDISASTER 

ODYSSEY 

OPARUS 

OPERAMAR 

OPSIC 

OPTI-ALERT 

OPTIX 

OSMOSIS 

P5 

PACT 

PANDHUB 

PANDORA 

PARIS 

PEP 

PERSEUS 

PLANTFOODSEC 

POP-ALERT 

PPDR-TC 

PRACTICE 

P-REACT 

PREDICT 

PREEMPTIVE 

PREVAIL 

PRIME 

PRISMS 

PROGRESS 

PROMERC 

PROTECTRAIL 

PSYCRIS 

PULSE 

627
627

572

148

224

494

20

454

184

186

116

622

86

226

60

88

90

326

596

272

22

244

328

330

188

420

92

282

302

366

368

62

598

246

526

190

192

496

422

304

580

370

470

332

600

372

136

64

498

528

194

228

196

374

376

628

LIST OF PROJECTS

IDUS CONSULTANCY LTD (IDUS) 

UNITED KINGDOM 

5

RAIN 

RAPTOR 

RECOBIA 

RECONASS 

REDIRNET 

RESPECT 

REWARD 

RIBS 

ROSFEN 

SAFECITI 

SAFE-COMMS 

SAFEPOST 

SAFEWATER 

SAFIRE 

SALIANT 

SALUS 

SAMURAI 

SAPIENT 

SAVASA 

SAVELEC 

SAVEMED 

SAWSOC 

SCIIMS 

SCINTILLA 

SCOUT 

SEABILLA 

SECCRIT 

SECINCORE 

SECONOMICS 

SECRET 

SECRICOM 

SECTOR 

SECTRONIC 

SECUREAU 

SECURECHAINS 

SECUR-ED 

SECURENV 

SecurePART 

SEGRID 

SEREN 

SEREN2 

SERON 

SESAME 

SGL FOR USAR 

S-HELP 

SIAM 

SICMA 

SIIP 

SLAM 

SLANDAIL 

SMART 

SMARTPREVENT 

SMARTPRO 

SNIFFER 

SNIFFER 

SNIFFLES 

SNOOPY 

SNOWBALL 

SOTERIA 

SOURCE 

SPARKS 

SPARTACUS 

S(P)EEDKITS 

SPICED 

SPIRIT 

STAR-TRANS 

STRAW 

STRUCTURES 

SUBCOP 

SUBITO 

SUNNY 

SUPER 

SUPPORT 

SURPRISE 

SURVEILLE 

TACTIC 

TACTICS 

TALOS 

TASS 

TAWARA_RTM 

TERASCREEN 

THE HOUSE 

TIRAMISU 

TRACE 

TRITON 

TWOBIAS 

UNCOSS 

UNSETH 

VALCRI 

VALUESEC 

VASCO 

VIDEOSENSE 

VIRTUOSO 

VITRUV 

VOX-Pol 

WIMAAS 

XP-DITE 

ZONeSEC 

150

74

500

398

436

502

24

152

602

624

400

230

26

504

66

456

248

530

458

94

110

138

112

28

198

306

140

438

562

200

472

440

202

30

614

154

378

616

204

582

584

206

208

424

380

556

382

442

480

506

532

604

96

32

274

276

278

384

508

586

210

426

428

34

156

212

618

214

68

250

284

510

308

534

512

386

76

292

216

36

280

574

70

514

310

38

78

460

118

564

158

588

80

160

590

312

218

120

GETTING IN TOUCH WITH THE EU

In person
All over the European Union there are hundreds of Europe Direct Information Centres. 
You can find the address of the centre nearest you at: http://europa.eu/contact

On the phone or by e-mail
Europe Direct is a service that answers your questions about the European Union. 
You can contact this service 
– by freephone: 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 (certain operators may charge for these calls), 
– at the following standard number: +32 22999696 or 
– by electronic mail via: http://europa.eu/contact

FINDING INFORMATION ABOUT THE EU

Online
Information about the European Union in all the official languages of the EU is available on the Europa website at: 
http://europa.eu  

EU Publications
You can download or order free and priced EU publications from EU Bookshop at:  
http://bookshop.europa.eu. Multiple copies of free publications may be obtained by contacting Europe Direct or your 
local information centre (see http://europa.eu/contact)

EU law and related documents
For access to legal information from the EU, including all EU law since 1951 in all the official language versions, go to 
EUR-Lex at: http://eur-lex.europa.eu

Open data from the EU
The EU Open Data Portal (http://data.europa.eu/euodp/en/data) provides access to datasets from the EU. Data can be 
downloaded and reused for free, both for commercial and non-commercial purposes.

Security Research Projects
under the 7th Framework Programme for Research

EU Research for a Secure Society

Further information  available at:  
http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/home-affairs/what-we-do/policies/industry-for-security/index_en.htm