Study in support of the evaluation of Directive 96/9/EC on the legal protection of databases . Annex 7, Bibliography.
Date: 2018-05-16
Institutions: Directorate-General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology
Subjects: bibliography, copyright, cost-benefit analysis, data protection, data-processing law, database, directive (EU), economic analysis, free competition, information technology industry, intellectual property, national implementing measure, sample survey

Study in support of the 
evaluation of Directive 
96/9/EC on the legal 
protection of databases 

ANNEX 7: Bibliography 

A study prepared for the European Commission 

DG  Communications  Networks,  Content  &  Technology 
by: 

Digital 
Single 
Market 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        
 
 
This study was carried out for the European Commission by 

AUTHORS: 
Robbert Fisher 
Milica Misojcic 

Julien Chicot 

Alberto Domini 

(as a JIIP member) 

AUTHORS: 
Gabriela Bodea 

Kristina Karanikolova 

AUTHORS: 
Alfred Radauer 
Anna Gkogka 

María del Carmen Calatrava Moreno 

INDIVIDUAL EXPERTS: 
Lionel Bently 

Estelle Derclaye 

Internal identification 

Contract number: 30-CE-0875109/00-61  
SMART number 2017/0084 

DISCLAIMER 

By the European Commission, Directorate-General of Communications Networks, Content & Technology.  

The information and views set out in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect 
the official opinion of the Commission. The Commission does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in 
this study. Neither the Commission nor any person acting on the Commission’s behalf may be held responsible 
for the use which may be made of the information contained therein. 

ISBN: 978-92-79-84962-6 

doi: 10.2759/978921 

© European Union, 2018. All rights reserved. Certain parts are licensed under conditions to the EU.  

Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table of Contents 
1  Books .................................................................................................. 1 

2  Articles .............................................................................................. 10 

3  Studies, reports and theses .................................................................. 57 

1 | P a g e  

 
 
1

  Books 

Aplin 2005c  

T. Aplin, Copyright Law in the Digital Society, The Challenges of Multimedia, Hart 
Publishing : Oxford, 2005. 

Azéma 1989 

J.  Azéma,  Le  droit  français  de  la  concurrence,  2nd  ed.,  Presses Universitaires  de 
France: Paris, 1989.  

Bainbridge 2002 

D. Bainbridge, Intellectual Property, 5th ed., Pearson Education: Harlow, 2002. 

Barendt 1987 

E. Barendt, Freedom of speech, Clarendon Press: Oxford, 1987. 

Bensinger 1999 

V.  Bensinger,  Sui  generis  Schutz  für  Databanken,  die  EG-Datenbank  Richtlinie 
vor dem Hintergrund des nordischen Rechts, Beck: Munich, 1999. 

Bently & Sherman 1999 

L.  Bently  &  B.  Sherman,  The  making  of  modern  intellectual  property  law:  the 
British experience, 1760-1911, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 1999. 

Bently & Sherman 2004 

L.  Bently  &  B.  Sherman,  Intellectual  property  law,  2nd  ed.,  Oxford  University 
Press: Oxford, 2004. 

Bertrand 1998 

A. Bertrand, Le droit français de la concurrence déloyale, Cedat: Paris, 1998. 

Beunen  

1 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
A.M. Beunen, Protection for databases: the European Database Directive and its 
effects  in  the  Netherlands,  France  and  the  United  Kingdom,  (PhD  University  of 
Leiden, 2007) (at https://openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/handle/1887/12038). 

Birkinshaw 1996 

P.  Birkinshaw,  Freedom  of  information,  the  law,  the  practice  and  the  ideal,  2nd 
ed., Butterworths: London, 1996. 

Blakeney 1996 

M. Blakeney, Trade related aspects of intellectual property rights: a concise guide 
to the TRIPs agreement, Sweet & Maxwell: London, 1996. 

Burrell & Coleman 2005 

R.  Burrell  &  A.  Coleman,  Copyright  Exceptions,  The  Digital  Impact,  Cambridge 
University Press: Cambridge, 2005. 

Burst 1993 

J.-J. Burst, Concurrence déloyale et parasitisme, Dalloz: Paris, 1993. 

Buydens 1993a 

M. Buydens, La protection de la quasi-création, Larcier: Bruxelles, 1993. 

Casalonga 1949 

A. Casalonga, Traité  technique et pratique des brevets d’invention, LGDJ: Paris, 
1949. 

Copinger 1999 

W.  Copinger  &  F.  Skone  James,  On  Copyright,  14th  ed.,  Sweet  &  Maxwell: 
London, 1999. 

Copinger 2002 

Copinger and Skone James on copyright, 14th ed., First supplement by K. Garrett 
& G. Davies, Sweet & Maxwell: London, 2002. 

2 | P a g e  

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
Cornish 1999  

W.  Cornish,  Intellectual  Property:  Patents,  Copyright,  Trade  Marks  and  Allied 
Rights, 4th ed., Sweet & Maxwell: London, 1999. 

Cornish & Llewelyn 2003 

W. Cornish & D. Llewelyn, Intellectual Property: Patents, Copyright, Trade Marks 
and Allied Rights, 5th ed., Sweet & Maxwell: London, 2003. 

Davison 2003 

M. Davison, The legal protection of databases, Cambridge: Cambridge University 
Press, 2003. 

De Caluwé, Delcorde & Leurquin 1973 

A. De Caluwé, A.-C. Delcorde & X. Leurquin, Les pratiques du commerce, Larcier: 
Bruxelles, Looseleaf, 1973, new edition in 1991 and the following years. 

De Visscher & Michaux 2000 

F.  De  Visscher  &  B.  Michaux,  Précis  du  droit  d'auteur  et  des  droits  voisins, 
Bruylant: Bruxelles, 2000. 

Dusollier 2005 

S.  Dusollier,  Droit  d’auteur  et  protection  des  oeuvres  dans  l’univers  numérique, 
Droits  et  exceptions  à  la  lumière  des  dispositifs  de  verrouillage  des  oeuvres, 
Larcier: Bruxelles, 2005. 

Gaster 1999 

J. Gaster, Der Rechtschutz von Databanken, Carl Heymanns: Cologne, 1999. 

Gautier 2001 

P.-Y.  Gautier,  Propriété  littéraire  et  artistique,  4th  ed.,  Presses  Universitaires  de 
France: Paris, 2001. 

3 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Geiger 2004 

C.  Geiger,  Droit  d’auteur  et  droit  du  public  à  l’information,  Approche  de  droit 
comparé, Litec: Paris, 2004. 

Geradin 1997 

D. Geradin, Trade and the Environment, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 
1997.  

Ghandi 2002 

P.  Ghandi,  Blackstones  International  Human  Rights  Documents,  3rd  ed.,  Oxford 
University Press: Oxford, 2002. 

Golaz 1992 

E. Golaz, L’imitation servile des produits et de leur présentation, étude comparée 
des droits français, allemand, belge et suisse, Droz: Genève, 1992. 

Goldstein 2001 

P. Goldstein, Copyright, Aspen Law and Business : New York, 2001. 

Grosheide 1986 

W.  Grosheide,  Auteursrecht  op  Maat,  Diss.  Utrecht,  Deventer  Kluwer: 
Amsterdam, 1986. 

Grützmacher 1999 

M.  Grützmacher,  Urheber-,  Leistungs-  und  Sui-generisschutz  von  Datenbanken. 
Eine  Untersuchung  des  europäischen,  deutschen  und  britishen  Rechts,  Baden-
Baden, 1999. 

Guibault 2002a  

L.  Guibault,  Copyright  limitations  and  contracts:  An  analysis  of  the  contractual 
overridability  of  limitations  on  copyright,  Kluwer  Law  International:  The  Hague, 
2002. 

Hansenne 1996 

4 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
J. Hansenne, Les biens – Précis, Collection scientifique de la Faculté de Droit de 
Liège: Liège, 1996. 

Hugenholtz 1989 

P.  B.  Hugenholtz,  Auteursrecht  op  informatie,  Kluwer  Deventer:  Amsterdam, 
1989. 

Johnson 2005 

P.  Johnson  “The  public  interest:  is  it  still  a  defence  to  copyright  infringement” 
[2005] Ent. LR 1. 

Kamperman Sanders 1997 

A.  Kamperman  Sanders,  Unfair  Competition  Law,  The  Protection  of  Intellectual 
and Industrial Creativity, Clarendon Press: Oxford, 1997. 

Koelman 2003 

K. Koelman, Auteursrecht en technische voorziewingen, SDU: The Hague, 2003. 

Laddie et al. 2000 

H. Laddie, P. Prescott & M. Vitoria, The modern law of copyright and designs, 3rd 
ed., Butterworths: London, 2000. 

Leistner 2000b 

M. Leistner, Der Rechtsschutz von Datenbanken im deutschen und europäischen 
Recht, Eine Untersuchung zur Rechtlinie 96/9/EG und zu ihrer Umsetzung in das 
deutsche Urheberechtsgesetz, Beck: Munich, 2000.  

Le Stanc & Vivant 1994 

M.  Vivant  &  C.  Le  Stanc,  Lamy  Droit  de  l’informatique  et  des  Réseaux,  Lamy: 
Paris, 1994. 

Lessig 1999a 

L. Lessig, Code and other laws of cyberspace, Basic Books: New York, 1999. 

5 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Levêque & Ménière 2004 

F.  Levêque  &  Y.  Ménière,  The  economics  of  patent  and  copyright,  Berkeley 
Electronic Press, 2004, available at <http://ssrn.com/abstract=642622> 

Lucas 1975 

A.  Lucas,  La  protection  des  creations  industrielles  abstraites,  Litec:  Paris,  1975, 
coll. CEIPI. 

Lucas 1987 

A.  Lucas,  Le  droit  de  l’informatique,  Presses  Universitaires  de  France:  Paris, 
Thémis, 1987.  

Lucas 1994 

A. Lucas & H.-J. Lucas, Traité de la propriété littéraire et artistique, Litec: Paris, 
1994.  

Lucas 2001 

A. Lucas & H.-J. Lucas, Traité de la propriété littéraire et artistique, 2nd ed., Litec: 
Paris, 2001. 

MacDonald & Jones 2003 

J.  MacDonald  &  C.  Jones,  The  law  of  freedom  of  information,  Oxford  University 
Press: Oxford, 2003.  

Mankiw 2002 

N. Mankiw, Principles of economics, 3rd ed., Thomson/South-Western: Ohio, 2002. 

McCarthy 1996 

J.  McCarthy,  McCarthy  on  Trademarks  and  Unfair  Competition,  4th  ed,  Clark 
Boardman Callaghan: Deerfield, IL, 1996, updated 4 times a year.  

McManis 1991 

6 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
C. McManis, Unfair trade practices in a nutshell, 3rd ed., West: Saint  Paul, Min., 
1991.  

Nimmer  

M.  Nimmer  &  D.  Nimmer,  Nimmer  on  Copyright,  Matthew  Bender  &  Co.:  New 
York, 1999, regularly udpated. 

Passa 1997 

J. Passa, Contrefaçon et concurrence deloyale, Publications de l’IRPI n. 15, Litec: 
Paris, 1997. 

Pedley 2003 

P.  Pedley,  Essential  law  for  information  professionals,  London:  Facet  Publishing, 
2003. 

Puttemans 2000 

A.  Puttemans,  Droits  intellectuels  et  concurrence  déloyale,  Bruylant:  Bruxelles, 
2000. 

Roubier 1954 

P.  Roubier,  Le  droit  de  la  propriété  industrielle,  Sirey:  Paris,  T.1,  1952;  T.  II, 
1954. 

Ricketson 1987 

S.  Ricketson,  The  Berne  Convention  for  the  protection  of  literary  and  artistic 
works:  1886-1986,  Centre  for  Commercial  Law  Studies,  Queen  Mary  College, 
Kluwer: London, 1987. 

Sterling 1998b 

J.A.L. Sterling, World Copyright Law, Sweet & Maxwell: London, 1998. 

Stewart 1983 

S.  Stewart,  International  Copyright  and  Neighbouring  Rights,  Butterworths: 
London, 1983. 

7 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strowel 1993 

A.  Strowel,  Droit  d’auteur  et  copyright  -  divergences  et  convergences, 
Bruylant/LGDJ: Bruxelles/Paris, 1993. 

Strowel & Triaille 1997 

A.  Strowel  &  J.-P.  Triaille,  Le  droit  d’auteur  du  logiciel  au  multimédia,  Story-
Scientia, CRID, Bruylant: Bruxelles, 1997. 

Strowel & Derclaye 2001 

A.  Strowel  &  E.  Derclaye,  Droit  d’auteur  et  numérique:  logiciels,  bases  de 
données  et  multimédia,  droit  belge,  européen  et  comparé,  Bruylant:  Bruxelles, 
2001. 

Torremans 2001 

P.  Torremans,  Holyoak  and  Torremans  Intellectual  Property  Law,  3rd  ed., 
Butterworths: London, 2001. 

Van Dijk & van Hoof 1998 

P.  van  Dijk  &  G.  van  Hoof,  Theory  and  practice  of  the  European  Convention  on 
Human Rights, Kluwer Law International: The Hague, 3rd ed., 1998. 

Vivant & Le Stanc 2003 

M.  Vivant  &  C.  Le  Stanc,  Lamy  Droit  de  l’informatique  et  des  Réseaux,  Lamy: 
Paris, 2003.  

Westkamp 2003a 

G.  Westkamp,  Der  Schutz  von  Datenbanken  und  Informationssammlungen  in 
britischen und deutschen Recht, Beck: Munich, 2003. 

Wish 2001 

R. Whish, Competition law, 4th ed., Butterworths: London, 2001. 

Zweigert & Kötz 1998 

8 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
K.  Zweigert  &  H.  Kötz,  An  Introduction  to  Comparative  Law,  3rd  ed.,  Clarendon 
Press: Oxford, 1998. 

9 | P a g e  

 
 
 
2

  Articles 

Abrams 1983 

H. Abrams “Copyright, misappropriation and pre-emption: constitutional limits of 
state law protection” [1983] Supreme Court Review 509. 

Adams 1992 

J. Adams “Unfair competition: why a need is unmet” [1992] EIPR 259.  

Adams 1998 

J.  Adams  ““Small  earthquake  in  Venezuela”:  the  Database  Regulations  1997” 
[1998] EIPR 129.  

Akester 2006 

P. Akester “The Political Dimension of the Digital Challenge - Copyright and Free 
Speech Restrictions in the Digital Age” [2006] IPQ 16.  

Akester & Lima 2005 

P.  Akester  &  F.  Lima  “The  economic  dimension  of  the  digital  challenge:  a 
copyright perspective” [2005] IPQ 69.  

Angel & Quinn 1998 

J. Angel & T. Quinn “The new database law” [1998] CLSR 35. 

Aplin 2005a 

T. Aplin “The EU database right: recent developments” [2005] IPQ 52. 

Aplin 2005b 

T. Aplin “The ECJ Elucidates the Database Right” [2005] IPQ 204. 

10 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Arrow 1962 

K. Arrow, “Economic welfare and the allocation of resources for inventions”, in R. 
Nelson  (ed.),  The  rate  and  direction  of  economic  activity:  economic  and  social 
factors, Princeton University Press: Princeton NJ, 1962, 609. 

Baird 1983 

D. Baird “Common  law intellectual property and the legacy of INS v AP” [1983] 
50 University of Chicago Law Review 411.  

Band & Isshiki 1999 

J.  Band  &  T.  Isshiki  “The  new  US  Anti-circumvention  Provision:  Heading  in  the 
Wrong Direction” [1999] CLSR 219. 

Band & Kono 2001 

J.  Band  &  M.  Kono  “The  database  protection  debate  in  the  106th  congress” 
[2001] 62 Ohio State Law Journal 689.  

Barendt 1992 

E.  Barendt  “Fundamental  freedoms”  in  W.  Korthals  Altes,  E.  Dommering,  P.  B. 
Hugenholtz & J. Kabel (eds.), Information Law Towards the 21st Century, Kluwer 
Law and Taxation Publishers: Deventer/Boston, 1992, 13. 

Baron 2001 

P.  Baron  “Back  to  the  Future:  Learning  from  the  Past  in  the  Database  Debate” 
[2001] 62 Ohio State Law Journal 879.  

Bäsler 2003 

W. Bäsler “Technological Protection Measures in the United States, The European 
Union  and  Germany:  How  Much  Fair  Use  do  we  Need  in  The  "Digital  World"?” 
[2003] 8 Virginia Journal of Law & Technology 13. 

Bastian 1999 

M.  Bastian  “Protection  of  “noncreative”  databases:  harmonization  of  United 
States, foreign and international law” [1999] 22 Boston College International and 
Comparative Law Review 425.  

11 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bechtold 2004 

S. Bechtold “Digital Rights Management in the United States and Europe” [2004] 
52 American Journal of Comparative Law 323. 

Beier 1985 

F.  Beier  “The  law  of  unfair  competition  in  the  European  Community,  its 
development and present status” [1985] IIC 139. 

Benabou et al. 2002 

V.–L.  Benabou,  S.  Lemarchand  &  E.  Logeais  “Transversales”  [2002]  Prop.  Int. 
317. 

Bender 2002 

P.  Bender  “The  constitutionality  of  proposed  federal  database  protection 
legislation” [2002] 28 University of Dayton Law Review 143. 

Benkler 2000 

Y.  Benkler  “Constitutional  Bounds  of  Database  Protection:  The  Role  of  Judicial 
Review  in  the  Creation  and  Definition  of  Private  Rights  in  Information”  [2000] 
Berkeley Technology Law Journal 535. 

Berger 1997  

C.  Berger  “Der  Schutz  elektronischer  Datenbanken  nach  der  EG-Richtlinie  vom 
11. März 1996, Gewerblicher Rechtsschutz und Urheberrecht” [1997] GRUR 169.  

Bertrand 2000 

A. Bertrand “La protection des sites web et de leurs elements” [2000] 113 RDPI 18. 

Besek & Laben 2006 

J.  Besek  &  L.  Laben  “U.S.  Response  to  the  questionnaire  on  copyright  and 
freedom  of  expression”  [2006]  Proceedings  of  the  ALAI  Conference,  Barcelona, 
19-20 June 2006, p. 1 (not yet published).  

12 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beunen 2012 

A.M.  Beunen,  Geschriftenbescherming:  The  Dutch  Protection  for  Non-original 
writings,  in:  P.B.  Hugenholtz,  A.A.  Quaedvlieg  en  D.  Visser  (red.),  A  Century  of 
Dutch Copyright Law (1912-2012) 

Beutler 1996 

S.  Beutler  “The  protection  of  multimedia  products  through  the  European 
Community’s directive on the legal protection of databases” [1996] Ent. LR 317. 

Bing 2001 

J.  Bing  “The  new  or  evolving  “access  right””,  General  Report,  in  Proceedings  of 
the  ALAI  Congress  2001,  Adjuncts  and  Alternatives  to  Copyright,  New  York: 
Columbia University School of Law, 288 

Birnhack 2004 

M.  Birnhack,  “Copyrighting  Speech:  A  Trans-Atlantic  View”,  in  P.  Torremans 
(ed.),  Copyright  and  Human  Rights:  Freedom  of  Expression  -  Intellectual 
Property – Privacy, Kluwer Law International: The Hague, 2004, 37. 

Bonnefont 2001 

A. Bonnefont “Parasitisme et concurrence déloyale: il faut garder le cap” [2001] 
CCC, March, 4. 

Booy 1991 

A.  Booy  “A  half-way  house  for  unfair  competition  in  the  United  Kingdom  –  a 
practitioner’s plea” [1991] EIPR 439. 

Bovenberg 2001 

J.  Bovenberg  “Should  genomics  companies  set  up  databases  in  Europe?  The  EU 
Database Protection Directive revisited” [2001] EIPR 361. 

Bovenberg 2005 

J. Bovenberg “Blood, Sweat and Grants: ‘Honest Jim’ and the European database 
right” [2005] 1(2) Genomics, Society and Policy 1. 

13 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Boyarski 1999 

J.  Boyarski  “The  heist  of  Feist:  protection  for  collections  of  information  and  the 
possible federalization of “hot news”” [1999] Cardozo Law Review 871. 

Braun 2003 

N.  Braun  “The  Interface  Between  the  Protection  of  Technological  Measures  and 
The  Exercise  of  Exceptions  to  Copyright  and  Related  Rights:  Comparing  the 
Situation in the United States and the European Community” [2003] EIPR 496. 

Brett 1979 

H. Brett “Unfair competition – not merely an academic issue?” [1979] EIPR 295. 

Brookman 1969 

R.  Brookman  “Pre-emption  of  state  unfair  competition  under  the  proposed 
copyright revision” [1969] 41 University of Colorado Law Review 115. 

Brüning 1998 

A.  Brüning  “Transposition  de  la  Directive  Base  de  Données  en  France  et  en 
Allemagne: l’esprit du texte a-t-il été respecté?” [1998] Expertises 380. 

Brüning 1999 

Comment  on  France  Télécom  v.  MA  Editions,  T.  comm.  Paris,  18  June  1999 
[1999] Expertises 308. 

Burk & Cohen 2001 

D.  Burk  &  J.  Cohen  “Fair  Use  Infrastructure  for  Rights  Management  Systems” 
[2001] 15 Harvard Journal of Law & Technology 41. 

Burns 1981 

P. Burns “Unfair competition - a compelling need unmet” [1981] EIPR 311. 

14 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Burst 1990 

J.-J. Burst “La reconsitution des “monopoles” de propriété industrielle par l’action 
en  concurrence  déloyale  ou  en  responsabilité  civile:  mythe  ou  réalité?”  in 
Mélanges dédiés à P. Mathely, 1990, Litec: Paris, 93. 

Buydens 1993b 

M.  Buydens  “La  sanction  de  la  “piraterie  de  produits”  par  le  droit  de  la 
concurrence déloyale” [1993] Journal des Tribunaux 117. 

Buydens 1998 

M.  Buydens  “Le  projet  de  loi  transposant  en  droit  belge  la  directive  européenne 
du  11  mars  1996  concernant  la  protection  juridique  des  bases  de  données” 
[1998] A&M 335. 

Buydens & Dusollier 2001 

M.  Buydens  &  S.  Dusollier  “Les  exceptions  au  droit  d’auteur:  évolutions 
dangereuses” [2001] CCE 13. 

Byrt 2003 

S.  Byrt  “Le  passing-off  au  Royaume-Uni:  des  leçons  a  tirer?”  [2003]  213  RIPIA 
55.  

Cadiet 1990 

L. Cadiet “Contenu et limites de la theorie des agissements parasitaires” [1990] 
D. 340.  

Calabresi & Melamed 1972 

G. Calabresi & A. Melamed “Property Rules, Liability Rules and Inalienability: One 
View of the Cathedral” [1972] 85 Harvard Law Review 1089. 

Cappelletti, Seccombe & Weiler 1985 

M.  Cappelletti,  M.  Seccombe  &  J.  Weiler,  “Integration  through  law:  Europe  and 
the  American  federal  experience:  a  general  introduction”  in  M.  Cappelletti  et  al. 
(eds.), Integration through law, vol. I, Walter de Gruyter: New York and Berlin, 
1985. 

15 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Carolina 1996 

R. Carolina “The European Database Directive: An Introduction for Practitioners” 
[1996] 9 Journal of Proprietary Rights 17. 

Caron 2000  

C.  Caron,  Comment  on  PR  Line  v.  Newsinvest,  T.  com.  Nanterre,  16  May  2000 
[2000] CCE, September 2000, 13. 

Caron 2002 

C.  Caron  “Liberté  d’expression  et  liberté  de  la  presse  contre  droit  de  propriété 
intellectuelle” [2002] 2 CCE 25. 

Caron 2005 

C. Caron, Comment on ECJ decisions of 9 November 2004 [2005] CCE, January, 
30. 

Caspers 2016 

M. Caspers, L. Guibault, Baseline report of policies and barriers of TDM in Europe 
[2016] https://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1813 

Chalton 1995 

S. Chalton “The legal protection of databases in Europe - the common position on 
the proposal for a Directive” [1995] CLSR 295. 

Chalton 1997 

S.  Chalton  “The  effect  of  the  E.C.  Database  Directive  on  United  Kingdom 
copyright  law  in  relation  to  databases:  a  comparison  of  features”  [1997]  EIPR 
278. 

Chalton 1998 

S.  Chalton  “The  Copyright  and  Rights  in  Databases  Regulations  1997:  some 
outstanding  issues  on  implementation  of  the  Database  Directive”  [1998]  EIPR 
178.  

16 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chalton 2000a 

S.  Chalton  “The  legal  protection  of  information  comprised  in  software  and 
databases” [2000] CLSR 291. 

Chalton 2000b 

S.  Chalton  “Implementation  in  the  UK  of  EC  Directive  96/9  on  the  legal 
protection of databases” [2000] 5 Communications Law 79. 

Clauss 1995 

R. Clauss “The French law of disloyal competition” [1995] EIPR 550. 

Cohen 1997 

J.  Cohen  “Some  Reflections  on  Copyright  Management  Systems  and  Laws 
designed to protect them” [1997] 12 Berkeley Technology Law Journal 161. 

Colicchio 1954 

R.  Colicchio  “Misappropriation  as  unfair  competition”  [1954]  6  Syracuse  Law 
Review 317. 

Colston 2001 

C. Colston “Sui generis database right: ripe for review?” [2001] 3 JILT, available 
at <http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/law/elj/jilt/>  

Conley 2000 

J. Conley, M. Brown & R. Bryan “Database protection in a digital world: why the 
United States should decline to follow the European Model” [2000] 9 Information 
and Communications Technology Law 27. 

Cook 1995 

T.  Cook  “The  current  status  of  the  EC  Database  Directive”  [1995]  52  Copyright 
World 27. 

17 | P a g e  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cook 1996 

T. Cook “The final version of the EC Database Directive - a model for the rest of 
the world?” [1996] 61 Copyright World 24. 

Cornish 1972 

W.  Cornish  “Unfair  competition?  A  progress  report”  [1972]  12  Journal  of  the 
society of public teachers of law 126.  

Cornish 1974 

W. Cornish “Unfair competition and the consumer in England” [1974] IIC 73. 

Cornish 1993 

W. Cornish “Nouvelles technologies et naissance de nouveaux droits” in L’avenir 
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European Commission 

Evaluation of Directive 96/9/EC on the legal protection of databases 
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2018 – 63 pages  

ISBN: 978-92-79-84962-6 

doi: 10.2759/978921 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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