Commission communication in the framework of the implementation of Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/2281 implementing Directive 2009/125/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to ecodesign requirements for air heating products, cooling products, high temperature process chillers and fan coil units (Publication of titles and references of transitional methods of measurement and calculation for the implementation of Regulation (EU) 2016/2281, and in particular Annexes III and IV thereto)Text with EEA relevance.
Date: 2017-07-14
Institutions: European Commission
Subjects: European Committee for Standardisation, European standard, cold store, eco-label, energy consumption, energy efficiency, harmonisation of standards, heating, labelling, technical standard




C_2017229EN.01000101.xml










14.7.2017   


EN


Official Journal of the European Union


C 229/1





Commission communication in the framework of the implementation of Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/2281 implementing Directive 2009/125/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to ecodesign requirements for air heating products, cooling products, high temperature process chillers and fan coil units
(Publication of titles and references of transitional methods of measurement and calculation (1) for the implementation of Regulation (EU) 2016/2281, and in particular Annexes III and IV thereto)
(Text with EEA relevance)
(2017/C 229/01)
1.   
References










Parameter


ESO


Reference/Title


Notes





Warm air heaters using gaseous fuel





Pnom, rated heating capacity
Pmin, minimum heating capacity


CEN


[See note]


EN 1020:2009, EN 1319:2009, EN 1196:2011, EN 621:2009 and EN 778:2009 do not describe methods to establish the heat output. The efficiency is calculated on the basis of the flue gas loss and the heat input.
The heat output Pnom can be calculated with the equation Pnom = Qnom * ηth,nom, where Qnom is the nominal heat input and ηth,nom is the nominal efficiency. Pnom shall be based on the gross calorific value of the fuel.
Similarly Pmin can be calculated with the equation Pmin = Qmin * ηth,min





ηth,nom useful efficiency at rated heating capacity


 


EN1020:2009 - see clause 7.4.5
EN1319:2009 clause 7.4.4
EN 1196:2011, clause 6.8.2
EN621:2009 clause 7.4.5
EN 778:2009 clause 7.4.5


Efficiency can be determined as described in applicable standards, but shall be expressed on basis of gross calorific value of fuel




ηth,min useful efficiency at minimal load


 


EN 1020:2009 - see clause 7.4.6
EN1319:2009 clause 7.4.5
EN 1196:2011, clause 6.8.3
EN621:2009 clause 7.4.6
EN 778:2009 clause 7.4.6


Efficiency can be determined as described in applicable standards, but shall be expressed on basis of gross calorific value of fuel




AFnom air flow at rated heating capacity
AFmin air flow at minimal load


 


[See note]


None of the standards describes methods to establish the warm air flow rate (or air delivery rate).




elnom electric power consumption at rated heating capacity
elmin electric power consumption at minimum load


 


[See note]


According EN1020:2009 the electric power input shall be expressed on the data plate (clause 8.1.2. f) in volts, amperes, etc. The manufacturer may convert the applicable values to Watts using known conventions.
Care should be taken not to include the fan for transport/distribution of warm air in the electric power consumption.




elsb electric power consumption at standby mode


 


IEC 62301:2011-01


IEC 62301:2011 applies to household appliances/issues to be discussed with relevant TCs




Ppilot permanent pilot flame power consumption


 


[See note]


According EN1020:2009 clause 8.4.2 the technical instructions for installation and adjustment shall contain " a technical table (that includes) heat input, heat output, rating of any ignition burner, (etc.), air delivery volumes, etc. The heat input by the permanent pilot flame can be determined in a way similar to the main energy input.




Emissions of nitrogen oxide (NOx)


CEN


CEN Report CR 1404:1994


NOx emission values are to be expressed in mg/kWh, based on gross calorific value GCV of the fuel.




Fenv envelope losses


CEN


EN 1886:2007


Insulation class according to five classes, designated as T1-T5




IP rating (ingress protection rating)


 


EN 60529:1991/
AC:2016-12


 





Warm air heaters using liquid fuel





Pnom, rated heating capacity
Pmin, minimal load


CEN


EN 13842:2004 Oil-fired convection air heaters — Stationary and transportable


EN 13842:2004 does not describe methods to establish the heat output.
The heat output Pnom can be calculated with the equation Pnom = QN * ηth,nom, where QN is the nominal heat input (clause 6.3.2.2) and ηnom is the efficiency at rated heating capacity. QN and η shall be based on the gross calorific value of the fuel.
Similarly Pmin can be calculated with the equation Pmin = Qmin * ηth,min where Qmin and ηth,min are the heat input and efficiency at minimum load conditions




ηth,nom useful efficiency at rated heating capacity
ηth,min useful efficiency at minimal load


EN 13842:2004 Clause 6.5.6, applicable to either nominal or minimum load


ηth,nom equals η in clause 6.5.6




AFnom air flow at rated heating capacity
AFmin air flow at minimal load


[See note]


None of the standards describes methods to establish the warm air flow rate (or air delivery rate).




elnom electric power consumption at rated heating capacity
elmin electric power consumption at minimum load
elsb electric power consumption at standby mode


[See note]


According EN1020:2009 the electric power input shall be expressed on the data plate (clause 8.1.2.k) in volts, amperes, etc. The manufacturer may convert the applicable values to Watts using known conventions.
Care should be taken not to include the fan for transport/distribution of warm air in the electric power consumption.




Emissions of nitrogen oxide (NOx)


CEN


EN 267:2009 + A1:2011 Automatic forced draught burners for liquid fuels;
§ 4.8.5. Emission limit values for NOx and CO;
§ 5. Testing. ANNEX B. Emission measurements and corrections.


NOx emission values are expressed on the basis of the gross calorific value of the fuel.




Fenv envelope losses


CEN


EN 1886:2007


Insulation class according five classes, designated as T1-T5




IP rating (ingress protection rating)


 


EN 60529:1991/
AC:2016-12


 





Warm air heaters using electric Joule effect





Pnom, rated heating capacity and Pmin, heat output at minimal load


CEN


IEC/EN 60675 ed 2.1; 1998 § 16


A standard for actual measurement of heat output of electric warm air heaters has not been identified.
The electric power input at nominal or minimum load is considered representative for the nominal or minimum heat output.
Pnom and Pmin correspond to the usable power in IEC 60675 ed. 2.1:1998 at nominal and minimum load, minus the power requirement for fans that distribute the warm air and the power requirement of electronic controls where relevant.




ηth,nom useful efficiency at rated heating capacity
ηth,min useful efficiency at minimal load


n.a.


[See note]


The value is default 100 %.




n.a.




AFnom air flow at rated heating capacity
AFmin air flow at minimal load


 


[See note]


None of the standards describes methods to establish the warm air flow rate (or air delivery rate).




elsb electric power consumption at standby mode


 


IEC 62301:2011-01


 




Fenv envelope losses


CEN


EN 1886:2007


Insulation class according five classes, designated as T1-T5




IP rating (ingress protection rating)


 


EN 60529:1991/
AC:2016-12


 





Electric driven comfort chillers, air conditioners and heat pumps





SEER


CEN


EN 14825:2016, section 6.1


 




QC



 


EN 14825:2016, section 6.2


 




QCE



 


EN 14825:2016, section 6.3


 




SEERon,part load ratio



 


EN 14825:2016, section 6.4


 




EERbin(Tj), CRu, Cc, Cd



 


EN 14825:2016, section 6.5


 




ηs,h



 


EN 14825:2016, section 7.1


ηs is equal to ηs,h





SCOP


 


EN 14825:2016, section 7.2


 




QH



 


EN 14825:2016, section 7.3


 




QHE



 


EN 14825:2016, section 7.4


 




SCOPon,part load ratio



 


EN 14825:2016, section 7.5


 




COPbin(Tj), CRu, Cc, Cd



 


EN 14825:2016, section 7.6


 




Cc and Cd



 


EN 14825:2016, section 8.4.2 & 8.4.3


Cc is equal to Cd,c or Cd,h

Cd is equal to Cd,c or Cd,h





Poff, Psb, Pck & Pto



 


EN 14825:2016, section 9


 





Comfort chillers, air conditioners and heat pumps using internal combustion





SPERc



CEN


EN 16905-5:2017, section 6


 




SGUEc



 


EN 16905-5:2017, section 6.4


 




SAEFc



 


EN 16905-5:2017, section 6.5


 




GUEc,pl



 


EN 16905-5:2017, section 6.10


 




GUEd,c



 


EN 16905-5:2017, section 6.2


 




QEc & QEh



 


EN 16905-4:2017, section 4.2.1.2


 




QEhr



 


EN 16905-4:2017, section 4.2.2.1


 




Qgmc & Qgmh



 


EN 16905-4:2017, section 4.2.5.2 and section 4.2.5.1


 




Qref,c & Qref,h



 


EN 16905-5:2017, section 6.6


 




SPERh



 


EN 16905-5:2017, section 7


 




SGUEh



 


EN 16905-5:2017, section 7.4


 




SAEFh



 


EN 16905-5:2017, section 7.5


 




SAEFh,on



 


EN 16905-5:2017, section 7.7


 




AEFh,pl



 


EN 16905-5:2017, section 7.10


 




AEFd,h



 


EN 16905-5:2017, section 7.2


 




PEc & PEh



 


EN 16905-4:2017, section 4.2.6.2


 





Comfort chillers, air conditioners and heat pumps using sorption cycle





SGUEc



CEN


EN 12309-6:2014, section 4.3


 




SAEFc



 


EN 12309-6:2014, section 4.4


 




Qref,c



 


EN 12309-6:2014, section 4.5


 




SAEFc,on



 


EN 12309-6:2014, section 4.6


 




GUEc & AEFc



 


EN 12309-6:2014, section 4.7


 




SPERh



 


EN 12309-6:2014, section 5.3


 




SGUEh



 


EN 12309-6:2014, section 5.4




SAEFh



 


EN 12309-6:2014, section 5.5


 




Qref,h



 


EN 12309-6:2014, section 5.6


 




SAEFh,on



 


EN 12309-6:2014, section 5.7


 




GUEh & AEFh



 


EN 12309-6:2014, section 5.8


 





High temperature process chillers





refrigeration load PdesignR



 


Analogue to EN14825:2016 — Section 3.1.44


 




part load ratio


 


Analogue to EN14825:2016 — Section 3.1.56


 




declared capacity DC


 


Analogue to EN14825:2016 — Section 3.1.31


 




capacity ratio CR



 


Analogue to EN14825:2016 — Section 3.1.17


 




bin hours


 


As defined in Regulation (EC) 2016/2281, Annex III, Table 28.


 




energy efficiency ratio at declared capacity EERDC



 


EN 14511-1/-2/-3:2013 for the determination of EER values at given conditions


The EER includes degradation losses when the declared capacity of the chiller is higher than the refrigeration demand




energy efficiency ratio at part load or full load conditions EERPL



 




seasonal energy performance ratio (SEPR)


 


Point 5 of this Communication (European Commission)


 




capacity control


 


As in EN14825:2016 — Section 3.1.32


See comments related to capacity control of air conditioners, chillers and heat pumps




degradation coefficient CC



 


As in EN14825:2016 — Section 8.4.2


 





Multisplit air conditioners and multisplit heat pumps





EERoutdoor



CEN


EN 14511-3:2013, Annex I


Rating of indoor and outdoor units of multisplit and modular heat recovery multisplit system




COPoutdoor



CEN


EN 14511-3:2013, Annex I


Rating of indoor and outdoor units of multisplit and modular heat recovery multisplit system










—


There is no European standard dealing with vapour compression liquid or gaseous fuel engine driven heat pumps. A working group: CEN/TC 299 — WG3 is working on a standard.










—


The European standards EN 12309 part 1 and part 2, dealing with liquid or gaseous fuel sorption heat pumps are under revision in CEN/TC299 — WG2, particularly to calculate a seasonal energy efficiency.








2.   
Additional elements for measurements and calculations related to the seasonal space heating energy efficiency of warm air heaters


2.1.   Test points

The useful efficiency, the useful heat output, the electric power consumption and the air flow shall be measured at nominal and minimum heat output.
2.2.   Calculation of the seasonal space heating energy efficiency of warm air heaters







(a)


The seasonal space heating energy efficiency ηS for warm air heaters using fuels is defined as:











(b)


The seasonal space heating energy efficiency ηS for warm air heaters using electricity is defined as:

where:






—


ηS,on is the seasonal space heating energy efficiency in active mode, expressed in %;










—


CC is the conversion coefficient as defined in Annex I of Regulation (EU) 2016/2281;










—


F(i) are corrections calculated according to point 2.7 below and expressed in %.








2.3.   Calculation of the seasonal space heating energy efficiency in active mode

The seasonal space heating energy efficiency in active mode  is calculated as follows:



where:






—


ηS,th is the seasonal thermal energy efficiency, expressed in %;










—


ηS,flow is the emission efficiency for a specific air flow, expressed in %.




2.4.   Calculation of the seasonal thermal energy efficiency ηS,th


The seasonal thermal energy efficiency ηS,th is calculated as follows:



where:






—


ηth,nom is the useful efficiency at nominal (maximal) load, expressed in % and based on GCV;










—


ηth,min is the useful efficiency at minimum load, expressed in % and based on GCV;










—


Fenv is the envelope loss factor of the heat generator, expressed in %.




2.5.   Calculation of the envelope loss

The envelope loss factor Fenv depends on the intended placement of the unit and is calculated as follows:






(a)


if the warm air heater is specified to be installed in the heated area:
Fenv = 0










(b)


if the protection against ingress of water of the part of the product that incorporates the heat generator has a IP rating of x4 or higher (IP rating according IEC 60529 (ed 2.1), clause 4.1), the envelope loss factor depends on the thermal transmittance of the envelope of the heat generator according to Table 1.

Table 1


Envelope loss factor of the heat generator







Thermal transmittance (U) [W/m2·K]


Factor Fenv





U ≤ 0,5 


0,4  %




0,5  < U ≤ 1,0 


0,6  %




1,0  < U ≤ 1,4 


1,0  %




1,4  < U ≤ 2,0 


1,5  %




No requirements


5,0  %








2.6.   Calculation of the emission efficiency ηS,flow


The emission efficiency ηS,flow is calculated as follows:



where:






—


Pnom is the output power at nominal (maximal) load, expressed in kW;










—


Pmin is the output power at minimum load, expressed in kW;










—


AFnom is the air flow at nominal (maximal) load, expressed in m3/h, corrected to 15 °C equivalent (V15 °C);










—


AFmin is the air flow at minimal load, expressed in m3/h, corrected to 15 °C equivalent.




The emission efficiency of the air flow is based on a 15 °C temperature increase. In case the unit is intended to produce a different temperature increase (‘t’) the actual air flow ‘V’ shall be recalculated into an equivalent air flow ‘V15 °C’ as follows:



where:






—


V15 °C is the equivalent air flow at 15 °C;










—


V is the actual delivered air flow;










—


t is the actual delivered temperature increase.




2.7.   Calculation of ∑F(i) for warm air heaters

∑F(i) is the summation of various correction factors, all expressed in percentage points.



These correction factors are as follows:






(a)


The correction factor F(1) for the adaptation of heat output takes into account the way the product adapts to a heat load (which can be either through single stage, two stage, modulating control) and the load range (1-(Pmin/Pnom)) the heater can work in related to the state-of-the-art load range of this technology, as described in Table 2.
For heaters with state-of-the-art or higher load ranges the full value of parameter B can be taken into account, leading to a lower value for correction factor F(1). For heaters with a smaller load range a smaller than maximum value of B is taken into account.

Table 2


Calculation of F(1) depending on heat output control and load range








Heat output control


Calculation of F(1)


Where B is calculated as:




Single stage
(no load range)







B = 0 %




Two stage
(highest load range: 50 %)






with B is maximum 2,5 %





Modulating
(highest load range: 70 %)






with B is maximum 5 %















(b)


The correction F(2) accounts for a negative contribution to the seasonal space heating energy efficiency by auxiliary electricity consumption for warm air heaters, expressed in %, and is given as follows:






(i)


For warm air heaters using fuels:











(ii)


For warm air heaters using electricity:

where:






—


elmax is the electric power consumption when the product is providing the nominal heat output, excluding the energy needed for the transport fan, expressed in kW;










—


elmin is the: electric power consumption when the product is providing the minimum heat output, excluding the energy needed for the transport fan, expressed in kW;










—


elsb is the electric power consumption when the product is in standby mode, expressed in kW;








OR a default value as set out in EN 15316-1 may be applied.










(c)


The correction F(3) accounts for a negative contribution to the seasonal space heating energy efficiency for gravity vented combustion systems (combustion air transported by natural draft) as additional thermal losses during the time the burner is off have to be considered.






(i)


For warm air heaters in which transport of combustion air is by natural draught:
F(3) = 3 %










(ii)


For warm air heaters in which transport of combustion air is by forced draught:
F(3) = 0 %














(d)


The correction F(4) accounts for a negative contribution to the seasonal space heating energy efficiency by permanent pilot flame power consumption and is given as follows:

In which the value ‘4’ is the ratio of the average heating period (4 000 hrs/yr) by the average on-mode duration (1 000 hrs/yr).




3.   
Additional elements for calculations related to the seasonal space heating and cooling efficiency of comfort chillers, air conditioners and heat pumps


3.1.   Calculation of the seasonal space heating energy efficiency for heat pump:







(a)



For heat pumps using electricity







(i)


The seasonal space heating energy efficiency ηS,h is defined as:

where:






—


SCOP is the seasonal coefficient of performance, expressed in %;










—


F(i) are the corrections calculated according to point 3.3, expressed in %.














(ii)


Calculation of SCOP of heat pumps using electricity is as follows:

where:

and,

in which,











(iii)


COPbin(Tj) is determined as follows:






(1)


For fixed capacity units:
In case the lowest declared heating capacity exceeds the part load for heating (or capacity ratio CRu
<1,0):

where:






—


COPbin(Tj) = bin-specific coefficient of performance;










—


COPd(Tj) = declared coefficient of performance;










—


Cd = 0,25 (default value) or established by a cycling test;




and,











(2)


For staged or variable capacity units:
Determine the declared heating capacity and COPd(Tj) at the closest step or increment of the capacity control of the unit to reach the required heat load.
If this step does allow to reach the required heating load within ± 10 % (e.g. between 9,9 kW and 8,1 kW for a required heating load of 9 kW), then COPbin(Tj) is assumed to be equal to COPd(Tj).
If this step does not allow to reach the required heating load within ± 10 % (e.g. between 9,9 kW and 8,1 kW for a required heating load of 9 kW), determine the capacity and COPbin(Tj) at the defined part load temperatures for the steps on either side of the required heating load. The part load capacity and the COPbin(Tj) at the required heating load are then determined by linear interpolation between the results obtained from these two steps.
If the smallest control step of the unit only allows a declared heating capacity higher than the required heating load, the COPbin(Tj) at the required part load ratio is calculated using the approach laid out for fixed capacity units.










(3)


For bins representing other than above described operating conditions:
The COPbin shall be established by interpolation, except for part load conditions above part load condition A, for which the same values as for condition A shall be used and for part load conditions below part load condition D, for which the same values as for condition D shall be used.


















(b)



For heat pumps using fuels







(i)


The seasonal space heating energy efficiency ηS,heat is defined as:

where:






—


SPERh is the seasonal primary energy ratio for heating, expressed in %;










—


F(i) are the corrections calculated according to point 3.3, expressed in %.














(ii)


Calculation of SPERh of heat pumps using internal combustion

where:











(iii)


GUEh,bin and SAEFh are determined as follows:

where:






—


QEh = effective heating capacity, in kW;










—


QEhr,c = effective heat recovery capacity, in kW;










—


Qgmh = is the measured heating heat input, in kW;










—


GUEh shall also take into account degradation effects due to cycling in a manner similar to that of electric heat pumps.




and,

in which,

and,

and,

and,






—


QEh = effective heating capacity, in kW;










—


QEhr,c = effective heat recovery capacity, in kW;










—


PEh = effective heating electrical power input, in kW;










—


AEFh shall also take into account degradation effects due to cycling in a manner similar to that of electric heat pumps.










(1)


For fixed capacity units:
In case the lowest declared heating capacity exceeds the part load for heating (or capacity ratio CRu
<1,0):

and,

where:






—


GUEd(Tj) = declared gas utilization efficiency at outdoor temperature Tj;










—


AEFd(Tj) = declared auxiliary energy factor at outdoor temperature Tj;










—


Cd = 0,25 (default value) or established by a cycling test.




and,











(2)


For staged or variable capacity units:
Determine the declared heating capacity at the closest step or increment of the capacity control of the unit to reach the required heat load.
If this step allows the heating capacity to reach the required heating load within ± 10 % (e.g. between 9,9 kW and 8,1 kW for a required heating load of 9 kW), then GUEbin(Tj) is assumed to be equal to GUEd(Tj) and AEFbin(Tj) is assumed to be equal to AEFd(Tj).
If this step does not allow the heating capacity to reach the required heating load within ± 10 % (e.g. between 9,9 kW and 8,1 kW for a required heating load of 9 kW), determine the capacity and GUEbin(Tj) and AEFbin(Tj) at the defined part load temperatures for the steps on either side of the required heating load. The heating capacity in part load, the GUEbin(Tj) and the AEFbin(Tj) at the required heating load are then determined by linear interpolation between the results obtained from these two steps.
If the smallest control step of the unit only allows a declared heating capacity higher than the required heating load, the GUEbin(Tj) and AEFbin(Tj) at the required part load ratio is calculated using the approach laid out for fixed capacity units.
For bins representing other than above described operating conditions the GUEbin and AEFbin shall be established by interpolation, except for part load conditions above part load condition A, for which the same values as for condition A shall be used and for part load conditions below part load condition D, for which the same values as for condition D shall be used.












3.2.   Calculation of the seasonal space cooling energy efficiency for chillers and air conditioners:







(a)



For chillers and air conditioners using electricity







(i)


The seasonal space cooling energy efficiency ηS,c is defined as:

where:






—


SEER is the seasonal space cooling energy efficiency in active mode, expressed in %;










—


F(i) are the corrections calculated according to point 3.3 expressed in %.














(ii)


Calculation of SEER:

where:

and,

in which,











(iii)


EERbin (Tj) is calculated as follows:






(1)


For electric air conditioners (connected to an air-based cooling system) of which the capacity control is fixed capacity:
In case the lowest declared cooling capacity exceeds the part load for cooling (or capacity ratio CRu
<1,0):

where:






—


EERd(Tj) = declared coefficient of performance;










—


Cd = 0,25 (default value) or established by a cycling test;










—



.














(2)


For electric comfort chillers and high temperature process chillers (connected to a water-based cooling system) of which the capacity control is fixed capacity
In case the lowest declared cooling capacity exceeds the part load for cooling (or capacity ratio CRu
<1,0):

where:






—


EERd(Tj) = declared coefficient of performance;










—


Cc = 0,9 (default value) or established by a cycling test;










—



.














(3)


For staged or variable capacity air conditioners and comfort chillers:
Determine the declared cooling capacity and EERd(Tj) at the closest step or increment of the capacity control of the unit to reach the required cooling load.
If this step does allow to reach the required cooling load within ± 10 % (e.g. between 9,9 kW and 8,1 kW for a required cooling load of 9 kW), then EERbin(Tj) is assumed to be equal to EERd(Tj).
If this step does not allow to reach the required cooling load within ± 10 % (e.g. between 9,9 kW and 8,1 kW for a required cooling load of 9 kW), determine the capacity and EERbin(Tj) at the defined part load temperatures for the steps on either side of the required cooling load. The part load capacity and the EERbin(Tj) at the required cooling load are then determined by linear interpolation between the results obtained from these two steps.
If the smallest control step of the unit only allows a declared cooling capacity higher than the required cooling load, the EERbin(Tj) at the required part load ratio is calculated using the approach laid out for fixed capacity units.










(4)


For high temperature process chillers:
The required cooling load shall be reached within a ± 3 % margin.
For bins representing other than above described operating conditions the EERbin shall be established by interpolation, except for part load conditions above part load condition A, for which the same values as for condition A shall be used and for part load conditions below part load condition D, for which the same values as for condition D shall be used.


















(b)



For chillers and air conditioners using fuels







(i)


The seasonal space cooling energy efficiency ηS,c is defined as:

where:






—


SPERc is the seasonal primary energy ratio for cooling, expressed in %;










—


F(i) are the corrections calculated according to point 3.3 expressed in %.














(ii)


Calculation of SPERc:

where:

and,

in which,

and,











(iii)


GUEc,bin(Tj) and AEFc,bin(Tj) are calculated as follows:






(1)


For air conditioners with internal combustion (connected to an air-based cooling system) of which the capacity control is fixed capacity:
In case the lowest declared cooling capacity exceeds the part load for cooling (or capacity ratio CRu
<1,0):

and,

where:






—


GUEd(Tj) = declared gas utilization efficiency at outdoor temperature Tj;










—


AEFd(Tj) = declared auxiliary energy factor at outdoor temperature Tj;










—


Cd = 0,25 (default value) or established by a cycling test;




and,











(2)


For comfort chillers with internal combustion (connected to a water-based cooling system) of which the capacity control is fixed capacity:
In case the lowest declared cooling capacity exceeds the part load for cooling (or capacity ratio CRu
<1,0):

where:






—


EERd(Tj) = declared coefficient of performance










—


Cc = 0,9 (default value) or established by a cycling test




and,











(3)


For staged or variable capacity units:
Determine the declared cooling capacity at the closest step or increment of the capacity control of the unit to reach the required heat load.
If this step allows the cooling capacity to reach the required cooling load within ± 10 % (e.g. between 9,9 kW and 8,1 kW for a required cooling load of 9 kW), then GUEbin(Tj) is assumed to be equal to GUEd(Tj) and AEFbin(Tj) is assumed to be equal to AEFd(Tj).
If this step does not allow the cooling capacity to reach the required cooling load within ± 10 % (e.g. between 9,9 kW and 8,1 kW for a required cooling load of 9 kW), determine the capacity and GUEbin(Tj) and AEFbin(Tj) at the defined part load temperatures for the steps on either side of the required cooling load. The cooling capacity in part load, the GUEbin(Tj) and the AEFbin(Tj) at the required cooling load are then determined by linear interpolation between the results obtained from these two steps.
If the smallest control step of the unit only allows a declared cooling capacity higher than the required cooling load, the GUEbin(Tj) and AEFbin(Tj) at the required part load ratio is calculated using the approach laid out for fixed capacity units.
For bins representing other than above described operating conditions the GUEbin and AEFbin shall be established by interpolation, except for part load conditions above part load condition A, for which the same values as for condition A shall be used and for part load conditions below part load condition D, for which the same values as for condition D shall be used.
and,

where:






—


QEc = effective cooling capacity, in kW;










—


QEhr,c = effective heat recovery capacity, in kW;










—


Qgmc = is the measured cooling heat input, in kW.




and,

where:






—


QEc = effective cooling capacity, in kW;










—


QEhr,c = effective heat recovery capacity, in kW;










—


PEc = effective cooling electrical power input, in kW.
















3.3.   Calculation of F(i) for comfort chillers, air conditioners and heat pumps:







(a)


The correction F(1) accounts for a negative contribution to the seasonal space heating or cooling energy efficiency of products due to adjusted contributions of temperature controls to seasonal space heating and cooling energy efficiency, expressed in %.
F(1) = 3  %










(b)


The correction F(2) accounts for a negative contribution to the seasonal space heating or cooling efficiency by electricity consumption of ground water pump(s), expressed in %.
F(2) = 5  %




4.   
Additional elements for calculations related to the seasonal space heating and cooling efficiency and the testing of multisplit air conditioners and multisplit heat pumps.


The choice of the indoor unit for multisplit air conditioners and multisplit heat pumps related to the capacity shall be limited to:






—


The same type of indoor units for the test;










—


The same size of the indoor units if the system capacity ratio ±5 % can be reached. If the system capacity ratio of ±5 % with same sizes cannot be reached, sizes as similar as possible, with the number of indoor units as prescribed below to meet the system capacity ratio ±5 %;










—


The number of indoor units shall be limited as follows:






—


Capacity equal or above 12 kW and below 30 kW, 4 indoor units;










—


Capacity equal or above 30 kW and below 50 kW, 6 indoor units;










—


Capacity equal to or above 50 kW, 8 indoor units;










—


Capacity equal to or above 50 kW with multiple outdoor units, the sum of the indoor units as defined for a single outdoor unit.








5.   
Additional elements for calculations related to the seasonal energy performance ratio of high temperature process chillers


5.1.   Calculation of the seasonal energy performance ratio (SEPR) for high temperature process chillers.







(a)


The SEPR is calculated as the reference annual refrigeration demand divided by the annual electricity consumption:

where:






—


Tj is the bin temperature;










—


j is the bin number;










—


n is the amount of bins;










—


PR(Tj) is the refrigeration demand of the application for the corresponding temperature Tj;










—


hj is the number of bin hours occurring at the corresponding temperature Tj;










—


EERPL(Tj) is the EER value of the unit for the corresponding temperature Tj. This includes part load conditions.




NOTE: This annual electricity consumption includes the power consumption during active mode. Other modes, such as Off mode and standby modes are not relevant for process applications as the appliance is assumed to be running all year long.










(b)


The refrigeration demand PR(Tj) can be determined by multiplying the full load value (PdesignR) with the part load ratio (%) for each corresponding bin. These part load ratios are calculated using the formulas shown in Tables 22 and 23 in Regulation (EU) 2016/2281.










(c)


The energy efficiency ratio EERPL(Tj) at part load conditions A, B, C, D is determined as explained below:
In part load condition A (full load), the declared capacity of a unit is considered equal to the refrigeration load (PdesignR).
In part load conditions B, C, D, there can be two possibilities:






(i)


If the declared capacity (DC) of a unit matches with the required refrigeration loads, the corresponding EERDC value of the unit is to be used. This may occur with variable capacity units.
EERPL(TB,C or D) = EERDC











(ii)


If the declared capacity of a unit is higher than the required refrigeration load, the unit has to cycle on/off. This may occur with fixed capacity or variable capacity units. In such cases, a degradation coefficient (Cc) has to be used to calculate the corresponding EERPL value. Such calculation is explained below.






(1)


For fixed capacity units:
In order to obtain a time averaged outlet temperature the inlet and outlet temperatures for the capacity test shall be determined using the equation below:
toutlet,average = t inlet,capacity test + (toutlet,capacity test — tinlet,capacity test) * CR
where:






—


t inlet,capacity test = evaporator water inlet temperature (for conditions B, C or D as set out in Regulation (EU) 2016/2281, Annex III, table 22 and 23)










—


t outlet,capacity test = evaporator water outlet temperature (for conditions B, C or D as set out in Regulation (EU) 2016/2281, Annex III, table 22 and 23)










—


t outlet,average = mean evaporator water average outlet temperature over an on/off cycle (for instance + 7 °C as set out in Regulation (EU) 2016/2281, Annex III, table 22 and 23)










—


CR = the capacity ratio, calculated as the refrigeration load (PR) divided by the refrigeration capacity (Pd) at the same operating condition, as follows:







For determining toutlet,average an iterative procedure is required at all conditions (B, C, D) where the chiller refrigeration capacity (control step) is higher than the required refrigeration load.






—


Test at toutlet from Table 22 or 23 of Regulation (EU) 2016/2281 with the water flow rate as determined for tests at condition ‘A’ for chillers with a fixed water flow rate or with a fixed temperature difference for chillers with a variable flow rate;










—


Calculate CR;










—


Apply calculation for toutlet_average to calculate the corrected toutlet,capacity test at which the test shall be performed in order to obtain toutlet,average equal to the outlet temperature as defined in Tables 22 or 23 of Annex III of Regulation (EU) 2016/2281;










—


Retest with the corrected toutlet and the same water flow rate;










—


Recalculate CR;










—


Repeat previous steps until CR and toutlet,capacity test do not change any more.




Then, for each part load conditions B, C, D the EERPL is calculated as follows:

Text of image





where:






—


EERDC is the EER corresponding to the declared capacity (DC) of the unit at the same temperature conditions as for part load conditions B, C, D;










—


Cc is the degradation coefficient for chillers for part load conditions B, C, D;










—


CR is the capacity ratio for part load conditions B, C, D.




For chillers, the degradation due to the pressure equalization effect when the unit restarts can be considered as negligible.
The only effect that will impact the EER at cycling is the remaining power input when the compressor is switched off.
The electrical power input during the compressor off state of the unit is measured when the compressor is switched off for at least 10 min.
The degradation coefficient Cc is determined for each part load ratio as follows:

If Cc is not determined by test then the default degradation coefficient Cc is 0,9.










(2)


For variable capacity units:
Determine the declared capacity and EERPL at the closest step or increment of the capacity control of the unit to reach the required refrigeration load. If this step does not allow reaching the required refrigeration load within +/- 10 % (e.g. between 9,9 kW and 8,1 kW for a required refrigeration load of 9 kW), determine the capacity and EERPL at the defined part load temperatures for the steps on either side of the required refrigeration load. The part load capacity and the EERPL at the required refrigeration load are then determined by linear interpolation between the results obtained from these two steps.
If the smallest control step of the unit is higher than the required refrigeration load, the EERPL at the required part load ratio is calculated using the equation for fixed capacity units.


















(d)


The energy efficiency ratio EERPL(Tj) at part load conditions, different than part load conditions A, B, C, D is determined as explained below:
The EER values at each bin are determined via interpolation of the EER values at part load conditions A, B, C, D as mentioned in the Tables 22 and 23 of Regulation (EU) 2016/2281.
For part load conditions above part load condition A, the same EER values as for condition A are used.
For part load conditions below part load condition D, the same EER values as for condition D are used.






(1)  It is intended that these transitional methods will ultimately be replaced by harmonised standard(s). When available, reference(s) to the harmonised standard(s) will be published in the Official Journal of the European Union in accordance with Articles 9 and 10 of Directive 2009/125/EC.