PREDICT 2016 country factsheets : EU Member States - benchmarking with non-EU countries.
Date: 2016-11-25
Institutions: Joint Research Centre
Subjects: benchmarking, expenditure, information technology, information technology industry, productivity, research and development, research report, statistics

PREDICT 2016 Country Factsheets: 
EU Member States –  
Benchmarking with Non-EU Countries 

Andrea de Panizza, Ibrahim Rohman Kholilul 

2016

EUR 28204 EN

This publication is a Technical report by the Joint Research Centre (JRC), the European Commission’s science and 
knowledge service. It aims to provide evidence-based scientific support to the European policy-making process. 
The scientific output expressed does not imply a policy position of the European Commission. Neither the 
European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use which might 
be made of this publication. 

Contact information  
Address: Edificio Expo, C/ Inca Garcilaso 3, E-41092 Seville, Spain 
E-mail: b06-sec@jrc.ec.europa.eu 
Tel.: +34 954 488318 

JRC Science Hub 
https://ec.europa.eu/jrc 

JRC102366 

EUR 28204 EN

PDF 

ISBN 978-92-79-63497-0

ISSN 1831-9424 

doi:10.2791/107946

Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2016 

© European Union, 2016 

Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. 

How to cite: Andrea de Panizza, Ibrahim Rohman Kholilul;PREDICT 2016 Country Factsheets: EU Member States 
– Benchmarking  with  Non-EU  Countries;  Joint  Research  Centre,  JRC  Technical  Report  EUR  28204  EN;
doi:10.2791/107946

All images © European Union 2016 

PREDICT 2016 Country Factsheets: 
EU Member States – Benchmarking with Non-EU Countries 

Table of contents 

Foreword .............................................................................................................. 2

Abstract ............................................................................................................... 2

Reading Notes ....................................................................................................... 3

Methodological Notes ............................................................................................. 3

Factsheets ............................................................................................................ 4 

Australia (AU)…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4 

Brazil (BR)…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5 

Canada (CA)…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… . .6 

China (CN)……………………………………………………………………..………………..……………………..  7 

India (IN)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 8 

Japan (JP)…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….… .. 9 

Korea (KP)………………………………………………………………………………….………………………….. 10 

Norway (NO)…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. . 11 

Russia (RU)…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….  12 

Switzerland (CH)………………………………………………………………………………………….…………. 13 

Taiwan (TW)…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..  14 

United States (US)…………………………………………………………………………………………………  15 

EU28……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….  16 

Reference ........................................................................................................... 17

1PREDICT 2016 Country Factsheets: 
EU Member States – Benchmarking with Non-EU Countries 

Foreword 

PREDICT: Prospective Insights on R&D in ICT 
PREDICT  produces  statistics  and  analyses  on  ICT  industries  and  their  R&D  in  Europe 
since  2006.  The  project  covers  major  world  competitors  including  40  advanced  and 
emerging countries – the EU28 plus Norway, Russia and Switzerland in Europe, Canada, 
the  United  States  and  Brazil  in  the  Americas,  China,  India,  Japan,  Korea  and  Taiwan  in 
Asia, and Australia – as well as a growing array of indicators related to the ICT content of 
economic activities. 

Rationale 
ICTs  determine  competitive  power  in  the  knowledge  economy.  The  ICT  sector  alone 
originates  almost  one  fourth  of  total  Business  expenditure  in  R&D  (BERD)  for  the 
aggregate of the 40 economies under scrutiny in the project. It also has a huge enabling 
role for innovation in other technological domains, let aside the impact of ICT uptake in 
the organisation of businesses. This is reflected at the EU policy level, where the Digital 
Agenda for Europe in 2010 was identified as one of the seven pillars of the Europe 2020 
Strategy for growth in the Union and the achievement of a Digital Single Market (DSM) is 
one of the 10 political priorities set by the Commission since 2015.  

Statistics and indicators 
PREDICT  provides  indicators  in  a  wide  variety  of  topics,  including  value  added, 
employment, labour productivity and BERD, distinguishing fine grain economic activities 
in ICT and media and content industries (up to 22 individual activities, 14 of which at the 
class level, i.e. at 4 digits in the ISIC classification) and at a higher level of aggregation 
for  all  the  other  industries  in  the  economy.  It  also  produces  data  on  Government 
financing of R&D in ICTs, and total R&D expenditure at the country level. Now-casting of 
more relevant data in these domains is also being performed. 

Team 
PREDICT 
is  a  collaboration  between  the  JRC  and  the  European  Commission 
Communications  Networks,  Content  and  Technology  (CNECT)  Directorate  General. 
Since  2013  data  collection  and  analysis  has  been  carried  out  jointly  by  JRC  and  the 
Valencian  Institute  of  Economic  Research  (Instituto  Valenciano  de  Investigaciones 
Económicas - Ivie). 

Abstract 

The  PREDICT  2016  Factsheets  present  essential  statistical  data  regarding  the 
performance of the EU ICT sector. These Factsheets are the subject of three reports. The 
first  report  on  ‘Data  in  Current  Prices’,  and  the  second  on  ‘Purchasing  Power  Standard’ 
present sets of Factsheets with data on each EU Member State, in comparison to the EU 
average.  This  third  report  presents  Factsheets  on  the  EU  average  and  12  non-EU 
countries:  Australia,  Brazil,  Canada,  China,  India,  Japan,  Korea,  Norway,  Russia, 
Switzerland, Taiwan and the United States.  

2PREDICT 2016 Country Factsheets: 
EU Member States – Benchmarking with Non-EU Countries 

Reading Notes 

The  figures  at  the  top  of  each  Factsheet  display  the  information  presented  in  the 
statistical  tables.  The  left-hand  figure  gives  a  snapshot  of  country  performance  in  ICT 
specialisation  (VA/GDP),  ICT  productivity  and  ICT  R&D  as  compared  to  the  EU  (EU 
absolute values listed below = Index 100). The right-hand figure gives a dynamic image 
(evolution  2006-2013)  of  the  country  ICT  VA  and  GDP,  and  also  ICT  BERD  and  Total 
BERD. In this figure, ICT data is also presented by subsector. 

Together these 2 figures allow us to assess very rapidly: 
•

the  ICT  sector’s  profile  in  each  country  in  Europe  (2013)  as  regards  value  added,
productivity, R&D intensity.

•

the  evolution  of  the  ICT  sector  since  2006:  i.e.  whether  the  sector  as  a  whole  and
also  its  subsectors  have  emerged  or  declined  in  terms  of  value  added  and  R&D
expenditures, as compared to the overall dynamics of each country’s economy.

The  statistical  tables  provide  the  full  data  on  which  these  figures  are  based.  They  are 
divided into two main blocks:  
•

the  first  shows  Economic  and  Industry  Trends:  Gross  Value  Added  (GVA),
Employment and Productivity.

•

the second concentrates on R&D  performance  showing R&D expenditures in terms
of  both  the  actual  spending  and  R&D  intensity,  calculated  as  the  ratio  of  R&D
spending to GVA.

Additionally,  the  horizontal  reading  of  the  tables  conveys  three  further  items  of 
information: 
•

The  time  coverage  (2006-2013)  allows  us  to  assess  the  progress  of  the  variables
during the pre and post-crisis years.

•

•

The column headed ‘2013 vs  EU-%shares’ displays the relative performance  of  each
variable (expressed as a proportion) as compared to the EU.

The double column headed ‘2013 vs 2006 (=100)’ offers indices comparing the 2013
performance  of  each  variable  with  its  initial  level  in  2006  (Index:  100)  for  each
Member State and the EU.

Methodological Notes 

These  benchmarking  Factsheets  present  essential  statistical  data  regarding  the 
performance  of  the  EU  ICT  sector  in  EU  and  12  non-EU  countries:  Australia,  Brazil, 
Canada, China, India, Japan, Korea, Norway, Russia, Switzerland, Taiwan, and the United 
States. The data is presented in Purchasing Power Standard (PPS) to allow comparability. 

The PPS is an artificial currency unit. Theoretically, one PPS can buy the same amount of 
goods and services in each country. PPS are derived by dividing any economic aggregate 
of a country in national currency by its respective purchasing power parities. PPS is the 
technical  term  used  by  Eurostat  for  the  common  currency  in  which  national  accounts 
aggregates  are  expressed  when  adjusted  for  price  level  differences.  (See  EUROSTAT  – 
Glossary: Purchasing power standard (PPS)). 

These  Factsheets  are  based  on  the  latest  available  official  data  from  EUROSTAT.  Data 
sources and methods are fully described in the metadata of PREDICT 2016.   

The  ICT  sector  is  classified  in  four  sub-categories  to  facilitate  the  reading:  ICT 
manufacturing  (NACE  261-264,  268),  telecommunications  (NACE  61),  and  computer 
services (5820, 62, 631, 951). The classification method follows OECD (2007). 

3Benchmarking vs. total economy, year 2013, log scale

Value added

Dynamics of ICT industries (2006=100)
Note: scales for value added and BERD might be different

EU28

BERD

 190

 160

 130

 100

 70

 40

16

8

4

2

1

1.6

s
e
i
r
t
s
u
d
n

i

T
C

I

1.2

g
n
i
r
u
t
c
a
f
u
n
a
M

2.6

m
o
c
e

l

e
T

1.3

.

v
r
e
s

r
e
t
u
p
m
o
C

17.1

g
n
i
r
u
t
c
a
f
u
n
a
M

4.1

s
e
i
r
t
s
u
d
n

i

T
C

I

1.5

m
o
c
e

l

e
T

 160

 140

3.5

 120

 100

 80

 60

.

v
r
e
s

r
e
t
u
p
m
o
C

LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY

R&D INTENSITY

2006
2007
ICT sector

2008

2010

2009
Total ec.

2011
2012
2013
ICT Manufacturing

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

Telecommunications

Computer services

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2013 vs EU 

2013 vs 
2006(=100)

Economic and industry trends 

Value added (€ bn)

Total economy (GDP)

ICT sector

   Manufacturing

   Telecommunications

   Computer services

ICT sector as a % of Total

Employment (thousands)

Total economy

ICT sector

   Manufacturing

   Telecommunications

   Computer services

ICT sector as a % of Total

Productivity of labour (€ thous./person employed)

Total economy

ICT sector

   Manufacturing

   Telecommunications

   Computer & information services

R&D performance

Business expenditure in R&D (BERD - € mln)

12,177

12,909

12,994

12,250

12,794

13,177

13,429

13,542

494 

72 

201 

220 

520 

75 

206 

239 

524 

68 

205 

252 

488 

52 

194 

241 

500 

59 

186 

255 

513 

56 

182 

276 

522 

48 

179 

295 

529 

50 

171 

308 

4.1%

4.0%

4.0%

4.0%

3.9%

3.9%

3.9%

3.9%

224,538

228,831

231,179

227,192

225,673

225,993

225,129

224,472

5,200

924 

1,221

3,055

2.3%

54

95

78

165

72

5,397

947 

1,253

3,197

2.4%

56

96

80

164

75

5,511

918 

1,235

3,358

2.4%

56

95

74

166

75

5,417

781 

1,185

3,451

2.4%

54

90

67

164

70

5,360

741 

1,123

3,496

2.4%

57

93

79

166

73

5,489

738 

1,105

3,646

2.4%

58

94

75

165

76

5,576

713 

1,099

3,764

2.5%

60

94

67

162

78

5,651

681 

1,084

3,887

2.5%

60

94

73

158

79

Total economy

ICT sector

   Manufacturing

   Telecommunications

   Computer services

129,584

138,256

143,659

137,675

143,986

154,838

161,939

163,866

23,617

12,720

3,854

7,042

24,311

12,267

4,017

8,027

24,727

12,100

4,106

8,521

23,057

10,118

4,151

8,788

23,698

10,210

3,958

9,530

25,297

10,672

3,783

10,842

26,052

10,687

3,730

11,635

26,295

10,237

3,159

12,899

ICT sector as a % of Total

18.2%

17.6%

17.2%

16.7%

16.5%

16.3%

16.1%

16.0%

R&D Intensity (BERD as a % of value added)

Total economy (% GDP)

ICT sector 

   Manufacturing

   Telecommunications

   Computer services

Rest of the economy

1.1

4.8

17.6

1.9

3.2

0.9

1.1

4.7

16.3

2.0

3.4

0.9

1.1

4.7

17.9

2.0

3.4

1.0

1.1

4.7

19.3

2.1

3.6

1.0

1.1

4.7

17.4

2.1

3.7

1.0

1.2

4.9

19.2

2.1

3.9

1.0

1.2

5.0

22.3

2.1

3.9

1.1

1.2

5.0

20.6

1.9

4.2

1.1

111

107

69

85

140

96.3

100

109

74

89

127

108.7

111

99

93

96

110

126

111

80

82

183

88.0

114

104

117

97

131

117

0.4%

1.3%

2.3%

0.3%

0.5%

1.7%

(1.00)

(1.55)

(1.21)

(2.61)

(1.32)

100.0%

16.0%

6.2%

1.9%

7.9%

(1.00)

(4.11)

(17.05)

(1.53)

(3.46)

(0.87)

Note: all monetary variables are expressed in euros at current prices and exchange rates. 

 % shares and (levels) correspond to the (%) ratio between the value of a variable (x) in country (i) and in the EU economy [= xi/xEU]. Percentage shares portray the weight of each country in the EU aggregate, the EU being equal to 100%. Levels, 
computed for productivity and R&D intensity, portray the performance vs. the EU aggregate, and are expressed as a simple ratio, the EU level being equal to (1.00)

4PREDICT 2016 Country Factsheets:EU Member States - Benchmarking with Non-EU Countries---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------          
          
          
          
          
          
          
          
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
        
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
            
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
160

140

120

100

80

Benchmarking vs. EU28 (=100), year 2013

 200

 150

 100

Total
economy

ICT sector

Total
economy

ICT sector

ICT VA %
GDP
3.9%

LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY

R&D INTENSITY

 50

€ 60k

€ 94k
EU levels

121.0%

497.3%

Value added

Dynamics of ICT industries (2006=100)
Note: scales for value added and BERD might be different

BERD

NORWAY

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

 220

 160

 100

 40

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2013 vs EU 

2013 vs 2006(=100)

% shares 
(levels) 

Norway

EU

Economic and industry trends 

Value added (€ bn)

Total economy (GDP)

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

ICT sector as a % of Total

Employment (thousands)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

207

5   

0  

2   

3  

217

6   

0    

2     

3    

233

6   

0

2  

4  

204

6   

0

2

4

219

6   

0    

2    

4    

234

6   

0    

2    

4    

253

7   

0    

2     

4     

252

7   

0  

2   

5   

2.6%

2.7%

2.5%

2.8%

2.8%

2.8%

2.8%

2.8%

2,434

2,535

2,617

2,605

2,591

2,630

2,684

2,717

59   

6   

12   

41   

61   

5     

13

43

63   

5  

13  

45   

64   

5

13  

46  

65   

5    

13

47

66   

4    

13

48

67   

4     

13

50

68   

3  

13

51

ICT sector as a % of Total

2.4%

2.4%

2.4%

2.4%

2.5%

2.5%

2.5%

2.5%

Productivity of labour (€ thous./person employed)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

85

91

60

182

69

86

97

91

160

79

89

92

82

134

81

78

91

68

147

78

85

97

67

155

84

89

99

69

153

87

94

105

79

173

89

93

103

78

164

89

R&D performance

Business expenditure in R&D (BERD - € mln)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

1,614

1,786

1,923

1,814

1,855

1,991

2,140

2,185

405

98

67   

241

435

94

54

287

462

100

58   

304

433

90  

64  

280

449

62   

68

318

472

64

60

349

518

59

61

398

535

51

59

425

ICT sector as a % of Total

25.1%

24.4%

24.0%

23.9%

24.2%

23.7%

24.2%

24.5%

R&D Intensity (BERD as a % of value added)

Total economy (% GDP)

ICT sector 

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

Rest of the economy

0.8

7.5

26.3

3.1

8.5

0.6

0.8

7.4

20.3

2.6

8.6

0.6

0.8

8.0

25.0

3.3

8.3

0.6

0.9

7.5

28.7

3.3

7.8

0.7

0.8

7.2

19.7

3.4

8.1

0.7

0.8

7.3

21.0

3.0

8.3

0.7

0.8

7.4

20.8

2.7

8.9

0.7

0.9

7.7

19.3

2.8

9.3

0.7

1.9%

1.3%

0.5%

1.2%

1.5%

1.2%

1.2%

0.5%

1.2%

1.3%

(1.54)

(1.10)

(1.07)

(1.04)

(1.12)

1.3%

2.0%

0.5%

1.9%

3.3%

(0.72)

(1.55)

(0.93)

(1.49)

(2.23)

(0.64)

121

129

..

98

160

112

114

56

108

125

109

113

130

90

128

135

132

53

87

177

..

102

73

89

110

..

111

107

69

85

140

100

109

74

89

127

111

99

93

96

110

126

111

80

82

183

114

104

117

97

131

117

Note: all monetary variables are expressed in euros at current prices and exchange rates. 

 % shares and (levels) correspond to the (%) ratio between the value of a variable (x) in country (i) and in the EU economy [= xi/xEU]. Percentage shares portray the weight of each country in the EU aggregate, the EU 
being equal to 100%. Levels, computed for productivity and R&D intensity, portray the performance vs. the EU aggregate, and are expressed as a simple ratio, the EU level being equal to (1.00)

5PREDICT 2016 Country Factsheets:EU Member States - Benchmarking with Non-EU Countries---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
      
      
      
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
    
      
      
      
    
    
      
      
      
     
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
    
      
    
     
    
     
      
    
      
    
      
     
    
   
      
      
   
  
240

220

200

180

160

140

120

100

80

ICT VA %
3.9%
GDP

Benchmarking vs. EU28 (=100), year 2011

 160

 140

 120

 100

 80

Total
economy

ICT sector

Total
economy

ICT sector

LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY

€ 60k

€ 94k
EU levels

R&D INTENSITY

121.0%

497.3%

Value added

Dynamics of ICT industries (2006=100)
Note: scales for value added and BERD might be different

BERD

SWITZERLAND

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

 160

 140

 120

 100

 80

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2013 vs EU 

2013 vs 2006(=100)

% shares 
(levels) 

Switzerland

EU

Economic and industry trends 

Value added (€ bn)

Total economy (GDP)

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

ICT sector as a % of Total

Employment (thousands)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

264

11   

3  

3  

5   

290

12   

3    

4     

5     

301

13   

3

4  

6  

291

12   

3   

4    

6    

307

13   

3     

4

6

326

13   

3     

4    

7    

340

14   

3

4

7

348

14   

3     

4     

7     

4.2%

4.1%

4.2%

4.2%

4.1%

4.1%

4.1%

4.1%

4,328

4,440

4,548

4,568

4,593

4,705

4,776

4,837

127

30

26   

70

130

31

26

74

134

32   

25   

77   

138

34

24

80

138

31   

24

83   

145

30   

27

88  

149

30  

28  

91   

152

30  

28  

93   

ICT sector as a % of Total

2.9%

2.9%

2.9%

3.0%

3.0%

3.1%

3.1%

3.1%

Productivity of labour (€ thous./person employed)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

R&D performance

Business expenditure in R&D (BERD - € mln)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

ICT sector as a % of Total

R&D Intensity (BERD as a % of value added)

Total economy (% GDP)

ICT sector 

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

Rest of the economy

61

87

91

127

71

65

90

96

139

71

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

66

94

103

150

73

5,696

835

247

452

136

14.7%

1.9

6.6

7.6

12.2

2.4

1.7

64

88

82

148

73

67

91

85

159

74

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

69

92

92

151

75

8,577

1,166

333

449

384

13.6%

2.6

8.7

12.0

11.1

5.9

2.4

71

92

84

149

78

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

72

93

84

148

79

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

*) Switzerland R&D data refers to 2011, comparison is performed between 2011 and 2008 figures.
Note: all monetary variables are expressed in euros at current prices and exchange rates. 

2.6%

2.7%

5.1%

2.5%

2.4%

2.2%

2.7%

4.5%

2.6%

2.4%

(1.19)

(0.99)

(1.15)

(0.94)

(1.00)

5.5%

4.6%

3.1%

11.9%

3.5%

(2.24)

(1.77)

(0.63)

(5.33)

(1.49)

(2.32)

132

127

93

125

148

112

119

100

108

132

118

107

93

116

112

151

140

135

99

282

139

131

158

91

243

141

111

107

69

85

140

100

109

74

89

127

111

99

93

96

110

126

111

80

82

183

114

104

117

97

131

117

 % shares and (levels) correspond to the (%) ratio between the value of a variable (x) in country (i) and in the EU economy [= xi/xEU]. Percentage shares portray the weight of each country in the EU aggregate, the EU being 
equal to 100%. Levels, computed for productivity and R&D intensity, portray the performance vs. the EU aggregate, and are expressed as a simple ratio, the EU level being equal to (1.00)

6PREDICT 2016 Country Factsheets:EU Member States - Benchmarking with Non-EU Countries---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
      
      
      
      
      
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
    
     
     
      
    
      
      
     
     
   
   
   
   
     
      
     
     
    
      
120

100

80

Benchmarking vs. EU28 (=100), year 2013

Value added

 150

Dynamics of ICT industries (2006=100)
Note: scales for value added and BERD might be different

BERD

AUSTRALIA

Total
economy

ICT sector

Total
economy

ICT sector

 100

ICT VA %
GDP

LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY

R&D INTENSITY

3.9%

€ 60k

€ 94k
EU levels

121.0%

497.3%

 50

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

 200

 150

 100

 50

 -

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2013 vs EU 

2013 vs 2006(=100)

% shares 
(levels) 

Australia

EU

Economic and industry trends 

Value added (€ bn)

Total economy (GDP)

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

ICT sector as a % of Total

Employment (thousands)
Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

629

20   

1  

10  

9  

670

21   

1  

10  

9  

664

21   

1  

10  

10  

675

22   

1  

11  

10  

714

22   

1  

11  

11  

743

24   

1  

11  

12  

760

25   

1  

11  

13  

786

25   

1  

12  

13  

3.2%

3.1%

3.2%

3.3%

3.1%

3.2%

3.3%

3.2%

10,249

10,564

10,758

10,846

11,115

11,249

11,389

11,482

237

18  

65  

153

230

20  

60  

150

236

17  

61  

158

241

16  

61  

164

252

14  

63  

175

259

13  

61  

184

269

13  

61  

194

270

13  

64  

193

ICT sector as a % of Total

2.3%

2.2%

2.2%

2.2%

2.3%

2.3%

2.4%

2.3%

Productivity of labour (€ thous./person employed)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

61

85

55

153

60

63

89

49

170

62

62

89

53

168

62

62

93

51

182

64

64

88

50

167

62

66

92

55

182

65

67

94

57

182

68

68

94

58

182

67

R&D performance

Business expenditure in R&D (BERD - € mln)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

7,319

1,088

162

364

562

8,551

1,115

180

324

612

9,133

1,104

209

313

582

8,736

9,135

933

188

152

592

973

184

178

610

9,149

1,031

174

241

616

9,282

1,169

203

175

791

9,351

1,322

227

116

979

ICT sector as a % of Total

14.9%

13.0%

12.1%

10.7%

10.6%

11.3%

12.6%

14.1%

R&D Intensity (BERD as a % of value added)

Total economy (% GDP)

ICT sector 

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

Rest of the economy

1.2

5.4

16.2

3.6

6.1

1.0

1.3

5.4

18.0

3.2

6.6

1.1

1.4

5.3

23.6

3.0

6.0

1.2

1.3

4.2

23.2

1.4

5.7

1.2

1.3

4.4

26.2

1.7

5.6

1.2

1.2

4.3

23.5

2.2

5.2

1.1

1.2

4.6

26.5

1.6

6.0

1.1

1.2

5.2

30.3

1.0

7.6

1.1

5.8%

4.8%

1.5%

6.8%

4.2%

5.1%

4.8%

1.9%

5.9%

5.0%

(1.13)

(1.00)

(0.80)

(1.16)

(0.84)

5.7%

5.0%

2.2%

3.7%

7.6%

(0.98)

(1.05)

(1.47)

(0.54)

(1.81)

(1.00)

125

125

..

117

140

112

114

70

98

126

111

110

106

119

111

128

122

140

32

174

102

97

187

27

124

103

111

107

69

85

140

100

109

74

89

127

111

99

93

96

110

126

111

80

82

183

114

104

117

97

131

117

Note: all monetary variables are expressed in euros at current prices and exchange rates. 

 % shares and (levels) correspond to the (%) ratio between the value of a variable (x) in country (i) and in the EU economy [= xi/xEU]. Percentage shares portray the weight of each country in the EU aggregate, the 
EU being equal to 100%. Levels, computed for productivity and R&D intensity, portray the performance vs. the EU aggregate, and are expressed as a simple ratio, the EU level being equal to (1.00)

7PREDICT 2016 Country Factsheets:EU Member States - Benchmarking with Non-EU Countries---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------         
         
         
         
         
         
           
           
    
    
    
    
    
    
      
      
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
      
      
      
      
      
      
        
        
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
100

80

60

40

20

0

Benchmarking vs. EU28 (=100), year 2013

Total
economy

ICT sector

Total
economy

ICT sector

 140

Value added

Dynamics of ICT industries (2006=100)
Note: scales for value added and BERD might be different

BERD

 150

BRAZIL

ICT VA %
GDP

LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY

R&D INTENSITY

 120

 100

 80

3.9%

€ 60k

€ 94k
EU levels

121.0%

497.3%

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

 100

 50

2010

2011
2012
2013
Computer services

2006

2008

2007

2009
Telecommunications

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2011 vs EU 

2011 vs 2006(=100)

% shares 
(levels) 

Brazil

EU

Economic and industry trends 

Value added (€ bn)

Total economy (GDP)

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

ICT sector as a % of Total

Employment (thousands)
Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

1,742

1,901

1,969

1,909

2,116

2,244

2,362

2,421

62   

5  

29  

28  

69   

6  

32  

31  

70   

6  

33  

31  

72   

5  

31  

36  

67   

6  

32  

29  

68   

7  

29  

32  

72   

6  

33  

33  

74   

6  

33  

35  

3.6%

3.6%

3.6%

3.8%

3.2%

3.0%

3.0%

3.1%

92,191

93,732

94,903

95,758

98,116

99,560

101,143

101,783

951

112

184

655

998

121

191

686

1,044

1,136

1,091

1,173

1,211

1,221

122

198

723

125

199

811

135

201

755

143

225

805

151

226

834

146

231

843

ICT sector as a % of Total

1.0%

1.1%

1.1%

1.2%

1.1%

1.2%

1.2%

1.2%

Productivity of labour (€ thous./person employed)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

19

65

47

157

42

20

69

47

168

45

R&D performance

Business expenditure in R&D (BERD - € mln)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

ICT sector as a % of Total

-

-

-

-

-

-

R&D Intensity (BERD as a % of value added)

Total economy (% GDP)

ICT sector 

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

Rest of the economy

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

21

67

51

166

43

5,696

835

247

452

136

14.7%

0.3

1.2

4.0

1.4

0.4

0.3

20

63

42

155

44

22

62

46

158

39

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

23

58

46

130

40

8,577

1,166

333

449

384

13.6%

0.4

1.7

5.0

1.5

1.2

0.3

23

59

39

145

40

24

61

41

144

42

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

*) Brazil data refers to 2011, comparison is performed between 2011 and 2008 figures
Note: all monetary variables are expressed in euros at current prices and exchange rates. 

17.9%

14.1%

12.1%

19.5%

11.4%

45.3%

21.6%

21.5%

21.3%

21.7%

(0.39)

(0.65)

(0.56)

(0.91)

(0.53)

5.5%

4.6%

3.1%

11.9%

3.5%

(0.33)

(0.35)

(0.26)

(0.74)

(0.30)

(0.33)

139

120

113

115

127

110

128

131

126

129

111

107

69

85

140

100

109

74

89

127

126

111

93

87

91

98

151

140

135

99

282

..

144

127

112

..

..

99

93

96

110

126

111

80

82

183

114

104

117

97

131

117

 % shares and (levels) correspond to the (%) ratio between the value of a variable (x) in country (i) and in the EU economy [= xi/xEU]. Percentage shares portray the weight of each country in the EU aggregate, the 
EU being equal to 100%. Levels, computed for productivity and R&D intensity, portray the performance vs. the EU aggregate, and are expressed as a simple ratio, the EU level being equal to (1.00)

8PREDICT 2016 Country Factsheets:EU Member States - Benchmarking with Non-EU Countries---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------      
      
      
      
      
      
        
        
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
    
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
      
      
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
160

140

120

100

80

60

Benchmarking vs. EU28 (=100), year 2011

 140

 120

Total
economy

ICT sector

Total
economy

ICT sector

 100

ICT VA %
GDP

LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY

R&D INTENSITY

 80

3.9%

€ 60k

€ 94k
EU levels

121.0%

497.3%

Value added

Dynamics of ICT industries (2006=100)
Note: scales for value added and BERD might be different

BERD

CANADA

 120

 100

 80

 60

 40

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2011 vs EU 

2013 vs 2006(=100)

% shares 
(levels) 

Canada

EU

Economic and industry trends 

Value added (€ bn)

Total economy (GDP)

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

ICT sector as a % of Total

Employment (thousands)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

1,002

1,047

1,042

36   

3  

18   

14   

37   

3    

19

15

36   

3

19  

15   

979

37   

3   

19

15

1,040

1,077

1,117

1,142

39   

3     

20

16

39   

3  

19

17  

-   

-   

-  

-

-   

-

-

-

3.6%

3.6%

3.5%

3.8%

3.7%

3.7%

16,702

17,077

17,363

17,067

17,372

17,661

17,829

18,045

432

58   

126

248

437

55

129

253

446

50  

134

261

441

47

128

265

450

43   

135

272

468

43   

132

292

460

41  

132

287

469

41   

137

292

ICT sector as a % of Total

2.6%

2.6%

2.6%

2.6%

2.6%

2.6%

2.6%

2.6%

Productivity of labour (€ thous./person employed)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

60

83

57

146

57

61

85

60

147

60

60

82

60

138

57

57

85

66

147

58

60

86

76

145

57

61

84

71

147

58

63

-

-

-

-

63

-

-

-

-

R&D performance

Business expenditure in R&D (BERD - € mln)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

11,103

11,201

10,533

10,021

9,881

10,281

10,188

3,300

1,651

443

1,206

3,344

1,647

437

1,260

2,865

1,301

389

1,175

2,754

1,322

332

1,100

2,613

1,051

359

1,203

2,847

1,261

262

1,324

2,733

1,256

245

1,232

9,672

2,636

1,117

283

1,235

ICT sector as a % of Total

29.7%

29.9%

27.2%

27.5%

26.4%

27.7%

26.8%

27.3%

R&D Intensity (BERD as a % of value added)

Total economy (% GDP)

ICT sector 

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

Rest of the economy

1.1

9.2

50.2

2.4

8.6

0.8

1.1

8.9

49.9

2.3

8.4

0.8

1.0

7.9

43.2

2.1

7.9

0.8

1.0

7.4

42.7

1.8

7.2

0.8

1.0

6.8

32.2

1.8

7.7

0.7

1.0

7.2

41.7

1.4

7.8

0.7

0.9

0.8

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

0.7

0.6

India data refers to 2013 or 2011 whenever the last data is available
Note: all monetary variables are expressed in euros at current prices and exchange rates. 

8.4%

7.7%

5.4%

10.7%

6.1%

8.0%

8.3%

6.0%

12.6%

7.5%

(1.05)

(0.90)

(0.93)

(0.89)

(0.77)

5.9%

10.0%

10.9%

9.0%

9.6%

(0.70)

(1.47)

(2.17)

(0.65)

(1.99)

(0.58)

114

110

92

106

120

108

109

70

109

118

106

102

124

101

102

87

80

68

64

102

..

78

83

56

91

..

111

107

69

85

140

100

109

74

89

127

111

99

93

96

110

126

111

80

82

183

114

104

117

97

131

117

 % shares and (levels) correspond to the (%) ratio between the value of a variable (x) in country (i) and in the EU economy [= xi/xEU]. Percentage shares portray the weight of each country in the EU aggregate, the EU being 
equal to 100%. Levels, computed for productivity and R&D intensity, portray the performance vs. the EU aggregate, and are expressed as a simple ratio, the EU level being equal to (1.00)

9PREDICT 2016 Country Factsheets:EU Member States - Benchmarking with Non-EU Countries---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
     
    
     
    
      
    
     
      
    
    
    
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
     
      
      
     
    
    
  
  
    
   
      
     
     
    
  
  
    
     
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
     
    
  
    
      
   
  
     
    
   
  
      
   
  
   
  
     
    
  
    
     
      
  
Benchmarking vs. EU28 (=100), year 2013

Value added

 220

Dynamics of ICT industries (2006=100)
Note: scales for value added and BERD might be different

BERD

P.R. OF CHINA

Total
economy

ICT sector

Total
economy

ICT sector

 180

ICT VA %
GDP

LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY

R&D INTENSITY

 140

 100

140

120

100

80

60

40

20

 340

 280

 220

 160

 100

3.9%

€ 60k

€ 94k
EU levels

121.0%

497.3%

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2013 vs EU 

2013 vs 2006(=100)

% shares 
(levels) 

China

EU

Economic and industry trends 

Value added (€ bn)

Total economy (GDP)

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

ICT sector as a % of Total

Employment (thousands)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

6,150

7,205

7,756

8,261

9,413

10,420

11,556

12,612

343

184

146

14

374

195

163

16

389

198

175

16   

397

202

179

16

433

228

188

17

457

245

194

19   

512

271

221

21

554

282

249

23

5.6%

5.2%

5.0%

4.8%

4.6%

4.4%

4.4%

4.4%

93.1%

104.7%

567.9%

146.1%

7.4%

749,780

753,210

755,639

758,280

761,049

764,200

767,040

769,770

342.9%

10,645

11,722

12,457

12,709

13,535

14,552

14,912

15,287

270.5%

6,170

4,266

209

7,137

4,321

263

7,663

4,505

289

7,769

4,643

297

8,635

4,592

309

8,904

5,343

305

9,180

5,423

309

9,152

5,804

331

1344.2%

535.6%

8.5%

ICT sector as a % of Total

1.4%

1.6%

1.6%

1.7%

1.8%

1.9%

1.9%

2.0%

Productivity of labour (€ thous./person employed)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

8

32

30

34

66

10

32

27

38

60

10

31

26

39

56

11

31

26

39

54

12

32

26

41

57

14

31

27

36

62

15

34

30

41

67

16

36

31

43

69

(0.27)

(0.39)

(0.42)

(0.27)

(0.86)

R&D performance

Business expenditure in R&D (BERD - € mln)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

60,317

72,093

82,805

101,552

119,374

141,616

169,672

194,660

118.8%

14,573

12,727

527

1,319

17,526

15,478

584

1,464

18,119

15,768

673

1,679

20,343

17,112

927

2,304

23,804

20,885

835

2,084

23,396

20,063

950

2,382

26,250

22,312

1,126

2,812

30,704

26,145

1,307

3,252

116.8%

255.4%

41.4%

25.2%

ICT sector as a % of Total

24.2%

24.3%

21.9%

20.0%

19.9%

16.5%

15.5%

15.8%

R&D Intensity (BERD as a % of value added)

Total economy (% GDP)

ICT sector 

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

Rest of the economy

1.0

4.2

6.9

0.4

9.5

0.8

1.0

4.7

7.9

0.4

9.3

0.8

1.1

4.7

8.0

0.4

10.4

0.9

1.2

5.1

8.5

0.5

14.3

1.0

1.3

5.5

9.2

0.4

11.9

1.1

1.4

5.1

8.2

0.5

12.7

1.2

1.5

5.1

8.2

0.5

13.6

1.3

1.5

5.5

9.3

0.5

14.3

1.4

(1.28)

(1.11)

(0.45)

(0.28)

(3.42)

(1.29)

205

161

153

171

164

103

144

148

136

159

200

112

103

126

104

323

211

205

248

247

..

131

134

..

150

..

111

107

69

85

140

100

109

74

89

127

111

99

93

96

110

126

111

80

82

183

114

104

117

97

131

117

Note: all monetary variables are expressed in euros at current prices and exchange rates. 

 % shares and (levels) correspond to the (%) ratio between the value of a variable (x) in country (i) and in the EU economy [= xi/xEU]. Percentage shares portray the weight of each country in the EU aggregate, the EU being 
equal to 100%. Levels, computed for productivity and R&D intensity, portray the performance vs. the EU aggregate, and are expressed as a simple ratio, the EU level being equal to (1.00)

10PREDICT 2016 Country Factsheets:EU Member States - Benchmarking with Non-EU Countries---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
      
    
    
     
      
    
    
      
     
    
    
      
     
     
     
      
     
     
     
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
    
    
   
     
     
   
    
   
    
   
     
     
   
     
   
     
    
    
     
      
     
    
   
      
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
    
     
    
   
    
     
    
      
    
    
      
     
     
    
    
  
    
    
    
     
  
   
  
     
Benchmarking vs. EU28 (=100), year 2012

Total
economy

ICT sector

Total
economy

ICT sector

LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY

R&D INTENSITY

ICT VA %
GDP

125

100

75

50

25

0

 220

 200

 180

 160

 140

 120

 100

 80

Value added

Dynamics of ICT industries (2006=100)
Note: scales for value added and BERD might be different

BERD

INDIA

 240

 220

 200

 180

 160

 140

 120

 100

 80

3.9%

€ 60k

€ 94k
EU levels

121.0%

497.3%

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2012 vs EU 

2013 vs 2006(=100)

% shares 
(levels) 

India

EU

Economic and industry trends 

Value added (€ bn)

Total economy (GDP)

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

ICT sector as a % of Total

Employment (thousands)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

3,003

123

13

32

78

3,376

3,443

3,623

4,103

4,411

4,772

5,111

140

14   

35

91

152

15

36

100

4.4%

153

14   

40   

100

4.2%

161

13

41

107

3.9%

176

12

45

119

4.0%

198

12   

49

137

4.2%

226

12

56

158

4.4%

4.1%

4.2%

471,768

460,230

463,379

465,828

475,087

480,303

466,260

471,805

210.2%

3,301

293

1,676

1,332

3,541

315

1,779

1,447

3,888

290

1,881

1,717

4,258

285

1,980

1,993

4,762

332

1,891

2,538

5,269

409

1,783

3,077

5,328

356

1,837

3,135

5,664

371

1,839

3,455

ICT sector as a % of Total

0.7%

0.8%

0.8%

0.9%

1.0%

1.1%

1.1%

1.2%

Productivity of labour (€ thous./person employed)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

6

37

45

19

59

7

40

46

19

63

7

39

52

19

58

8

36

48

20

50

9

34

40

22

42

9

33

29

25

39

10

37

34

27

44

11

40

33

30

46

R&D performance

Business expenditure in R&D (BERD - € mln)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

8,045

1,665

103

100

9,696

1,684

108

123

9,916

1,493

112

133

9,773

1,570

109

134

9,859

1,544

105

134

10,969

12,227

1,743

1,940

99

150

107

166

1,462

1,453

1,249

1,327

1,305

1,494

1,667

ICT sector as a % of Total

20.7%

17.4%

15.1%

16.1%

15.7%

15.9%

15.9%

R&D Intensity (BERD as a % of value added)

Total economy (% GDP)

ICT sector 

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

Rest of the economy

0.3

1.4

0.8

0.3

1.9

0.2

0.3

1.2

0.8

0.4

1.6

0.2

0.3

1.0

0.7

0.4

1.2

0.3

0.3

1.0

0.8

0.3

1.3

0.2

0.2

1.0

0.8

0.3

1.2

0.2

0.2

1.0

0.8

0.3

1.3

0.2

0.3

1.0

0.9

0.3

1.2

0.2

India data refers to 2013 or 2012 whenever the last data is available
Note: all monetary variables are expressed in euros at current prices and exchange rates. 

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

37.7%

42.7%

24.9%

32.6%

51.1%

100.2%

54.5%

169.7%

88.9%

(0.18)

(0.43)

(0.46)

(0.19)

(0.58)

7.6%

7.4%

1.0%

4.5%

14.3%

(0.21)

(0.20)

(0.04)

(0.16)

(0.31)

(0.21)

170

183

94

175

201

100

172

127

110

259

170

107

74

160

78

152

117

104

166

114

..

..

..

..

65

..

111

107

69

85

140

100

109

74

89

127

111

99

93

96

110

126

111

80

82

183

114

104

117

97

131

117

 % shares and (levels) correspond to the (%) ratio between the value of a variable (x) in country (i) and in the EU economy [= xi/xEU]. Percentage shares portray the weight of each country in the EU aggregate, the EU being 
equal to 100%. Levels, computed for productivity and R&D intensity, portray the performance vs. the EU aggregate, and are expressed as a simple ratio, the EU level being equal to (1.00)

11PREDICT 2016 Country Factsheets:EU Member States - Benchmarking with Non-EU Countries---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
     
     
     
    
      
     
    
     
     
     
     
    
     
    
     
    
     
     
    
     
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
    
     
     
   
  
    
      
      
    
   
  
   
    
    
   
    
    
  
    
  
   
     
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
    
    
     
   
     
      
      
    
     
      
      
      
     
      
    
     
  
    
     
   
     
Benchmarking vs. EU28 (=100), year 2012

260

220

180

140

100

60

 160

 140

 120

 100

 80

 60

 40

Total
economy

ICT sector

Total
economy

ICT sector

ICT VA %
GDP
3.9%

LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY

€ 60k

€ 94k
EU levels

R&D INTENSITY

121.0%

497.3%

Value added

Dynamics of ICT industries (2006=100)
Note: scales for value added and BERD might be different

BERD

JAPAN

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

 160

 100

 40

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2013 vs EU 

2013 vs 2006(=100)

% shares 
(levels) 

Japan

EU

Economic and industry trends 

Value added (€ bn)

Total economy (GDP)

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

ICT sector as a % of Total

Employment (thousands)
Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

3,306

3,460

3,351

3,068

3,298

3,310

3,452

3,483

190

75  

56  

58  

194

75  

57  

62  

187

62  

59  

66  

164

46  

58  

60  

186

59  

64  

63  

184

53  

68  

63  

181

48  

70  

63  

-   

-  

-  

-  

5.8%

5.6%

5.6%

5.3%

5.7%

5.6%

5.2%

64,198

64,439

64,210

63,274

62,989

62,858

62,668

63,078

2,438

1,137

208

1,092

2,402

1,086

200

1,117

2,375

1,034

189

1,153

ICT sector as a % of Total

3.8%

3.7%

3.7%

Productivity of labour (€ thous./person employed)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

52

78

66

271

54

54

81

69

285

55

52

79

60

310

57

R&D performance

Business expenditure in R&D (BERD - € mln)

2,295

2,307

2,307

2,231

2,247

947

181

1,167

3.6%

48

71

48

322

51

950

179

1,178

3.7%

52

81

62

357

54

940

177

1,189

3.7%

53

80

57

382

53

858

149

1,224

3.6%

55

81

56

469

51

846

159

1,243

3.6%

55

-

-

-

-

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

86,964

93,281

91,157

78,045

82,118

86,172

88,438

92,071

25,661

22,396

1,523

1,741

26,539

23,310

1,671

1,559

23,588

19,705

2,188

1,695

19,336

15,960

1,717

1,659

18,988

15,373

1,738

1,876

21,196

17,250

2,097

1,848

20,790

16,871

2,147

1,772

19,829

16,472

2,032

1,326

ICT sector as a % of Total

29.5%

28.5%

25.9%

24.8%

23.1%

24.6%

23.5%

21.5%

R&D Intensity (BERD as a % of value added)

Total economy (% GDP)

ICT sector 

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

Rest of the economy

2.6

13.5

29.7

2.7

3.0

2.0

2.7

13.7

31.0

2.9

2.5

2.0

2.7

12.6

31.7

3.7

2.6

2.1

2.5

11.8

35.0

2.9

2.8

2.0

2.5

10.2

25.9

2.7

3.0

2.0

2.6

11.5

32.3

3.1

2.9

2.1

2.6

11.5

35.3

3.1

2.8

2.1

2.6

-

-

-

-

2.1

Japan data refers to 2013 or 2012 whenever the last data is available
Note: all monetary variables are expressed in euros at current prices and exchange rates. 

25.7%

34.7%

99.7%

39.2%

21.4%

28.1%

39.8%

124.2%

14.7%

32.0%

(0.92)

(0.87)

(0.83)

(2.89)

(0.66)

56.2%

75.4%

160.9%

64.3%

10.3%

(2.18)

(2.30)

(1.58)

(1.47)

(0.71)

(1.96)

105

95

63

124

108

98

92

74

76

114

107

104

84

173

96

106

77

74

133

76

101

85

119

114

94

105

111

107

69

85

140

100

109

74

89

127

111

99

93

96

110

126

111

80

82

183

114

104

117

97

131

117

 % shares and (levels) correspond to the (%) ratio between the value of a variable (x) in country (i) and in the EU economy [= xi/xEU]. Percentage shares portray the weight of each country in the EU aggregate, the EU 
being equal to 100%. Levels, computed for productivity and R&D intensity, portray the performance vs. the EU aggregate, and are expressed as a simple ratio, the EU level being equal to (1.00)

12PREDICT 2016 Country Factsheets:EU Member States - Benchmarking with Non-EU Countries---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Benchmarking vs. EU28 (=100), year 2013

400

350

300

250

200

150

100

Total
economy

ICT sector

€ 60k

€ 94k
LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY
EU levels

3.9%
ICT VA %
GDP

Economic and industry trends 

Value added (€ bn)

Total economy (GDP)

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

ICT sector as a % of Total

Employment (thousands)
Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

Value added

Dynamics of ICT industries (2006=100)
Note: scales for value added and BERD might be different

BERD

SOUTH KOREA

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

 220

 160

 100

 40

 200

 150

 100

Total
economy

ICT sector

 50

121.0%

R&D INTENSITY

497.3%

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2013 vs EU 

2013 vs 2006(=100)

% shares 
(levels) 

Korea

EU

1,018

1,099

1,098

1,050

1,149

1,177

1,217

1,255

90   

56  

19  

14  

95   

62  

19  

15  

93   

61  

17  

15  

92   

61  

15  

15  

103

72  

15  

16  

107

76  

14  

17  

110

78  

14  

18  

116

83  

14  

19  

8.8%

8.7%

8.5%

8.7%

9.0%

9.1%

9.0%

9.3%

23,151

23,433

23,577

23,506

23,829

24,244

24,681

25,066

1,146

1,073

1,048

1,052

1,103

1,147

1,139

1,133

662

175

309

603

161

308

575

145

328

562

146

344

594

150

359

607

155

386

604

141

394

604

131

398

ICT sector as a % of Total

4.9%

4.6%

4.4%

4.5%

4.6%

4.7%

4.6%

4.5%

Productivity of labour (€ thous./person employed)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

44

78

85

111

45

47

89

102

116

48

47

89

106

117

47

45

87

109

104

45

48

94

121

99

45

49

93

126

89

44

49

96

129

99

46

50

103

137

110

48

R&D performance

Business expenditure in R&D (BERD - € mln)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

22,255

25,140

25,851

25,687

29,787

33,713

38,200

40,870

11,957

10,964

226

768

12,450

11,363

343

744

13,220

11,990

377

854

12,806

11,679

256

870

15,664

14,340

315

1,010

17,263

15,832

304

1,128

20,043

18,329

342

1,373

22,131

20,518

357

1,256

ICT sector as a % of Total

53.7%

49.5%

51.1%

49.9%

52.6%

51.2%

52.5%

54.1%

R&D Intensity (BERD as a % of value added)

Total economy (% GDP)

ICT sector 

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

Rest of the economy

2.2

13.3

19.4

1.2

5.5

1.1

2.3

13.1

18.4

1.8

5.0

1.3

2.4

14.2

19.6

2.2

5.6

1.3

2.4

14.0

19.1

1.7

5.7

1.3

2.6

15.2

19.9

2.1

6.2

1.4

2.9

16.1

20.8

2.2

6.6

1.5

3.1

18.3

23.6

2.4

7.6

1.6

3.3

19.0

24.8

2.5

6.6

1.6

9.3%

22.0%

166.7%

8.4%

6.2%

11.2%

20.0%

88.7%

12.1%

10.2%

(0.83)

(1.10)

(1.88)

(0.70)

(0.61)

24.9%

84.2%

200.4%

11.3%

9.7%

(2.69)

(3.83)

(1.20)

(1.34)

(1.57)

(1.56)

123

130

146

74

137

108

99

91

75

129

114

131

161

99

107

184

185

187

158

164

149

143

128

212

119

148

111

107

69

85

140

100

109

74

89

127

111

99

93

96

110

126

111

80

82

183

114

104

117

97

131

117

Note: all monetary variables are expressed in euros at current prices and exchange rates. 

 % shares and (levels) correspond to the (%) ratio between the value of a variable (x) in country (i) and in the EU economy [= xi/xEU]. Percentage shares portray the weight of each country in the EU aggregate, the EU 
being equal to 100%. Levels, computed for productivity and R&D intensity, portray the performance vs. the EU aggregate, and are expressed as a simple ratio, the EU level being equal to (1.00)

13PREDICT 2016 Country Factsheets:EU Member States - Benchmarking with Non-EU Countries---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Benchmarking vs. EU28 (=100), year 2012

Value added

Dynamics of ICT industries (2006=100)
Note: scales for value added and BERD might be different

RUSSIA

Total
economy

ICT sector

Total
economy

ICT sector

LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY

R&D INTENSITY

ICT VA %
GDP

 300

 260

 220

 180

 140

 100

100

75

50

BERD

3.9%

€ 60k

€ 94k
EU levels

121.0%

497.3%

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

 1,800

 1,600

 1,400

 1,200

 1,000

 800

 600

 400

 200

 -

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2013 vs EU 

2013 vs 2006(=100)

% shares 
(levels) 

Russia

EU

Economic and industry trends 

Value added (€ bn)

Total economy (GDP)

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

ICT sector as a % of Total

Employment (thousands)
Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

1,736

1,929

2,248

2,082

2,235

2,435

2,620

2,713

42   

4  

32  

7  

50   

4  

37  

9  

56   

4  

40  

12  

59   

4  

44  

12  

55   

4  

38  

12  

56   

5  

38  

13  

63   

5  

41  

17  

61   

5  

40  

16  

2.4%

2.6%

2.5%

2.9%

2.4%

2.3%

2.4%

2.3%

77,376

78,352

78,688

75,717

76,568

76,402

77,145

76,979

1,088

1,059

1,049

1,018

1,031

1,012

1,047

1,056

221

568

299

217

557

285

214

547

287

198

516

304

190

517

323

195

502

315

196

525

326

196

527

333

ICT sector as a % of Total

1.4%

1.4%

1.3%

1.3%

1.3%

1.3%

1.4%

1.4%

Productivity of labour (€ thous./person employed)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

22

39

16

57

22

25

47

19

66

30

29

54

19

74

41

27

58

19

84

40

29

53

22

73

39

32

55

24

76

41

34

60

25

78

52

35

58

28

76

49

20.0%

11.6%

10.9%

23.4%

5.2%

34.3%

18.7%

28.8%

48.6%

8.6%

(0.58)

(0.62)

(0.38)

(0.48)

(0.61)

R&D performance

Business expenditure in R&D (BERD - € mln)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

12,412

13,831

14,773

16,259

15,285

16,186

17,204

18,623

11.4%

177

156

0  

21  

210

155

2  

53  

192

151

2  

40  

221

181

2  

37  

202

145

2  

55  

282

232

2  

48  

268

210

2  

56  

-   

-  

-  

-  

ICT sector as a % of Total

1.4%

1.5%

1.3%

1.4%

1.3%

1.7%

1.6%

R&D Intensity (BERD as a % of value added)

Total economy (% GDP)

ICT sector 

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

Rest of the economy

0.7

0.4

4.4

0.0

0.3

0.7

0.7

0.4

3.8

0.0

0.6

0.7

0.7

0.3

3.7

0.0

0.3

0.7

0.8

0.4

4.8

0.0

0.3

0.8

0.7

0.4

3.5

0.0

0.4

0.7

0.7

0.5

5.0

0.0

0.4

0.7

0.7

0.4

4.3

0.0

0.3

0.7

0.7

-

-

-

-

0.7

Russian data refers to 2013 or 2012 whenever the last data is available
Note: all monetary variables are expressed in euros at current prices and exchange rates. 

1.0%

2.0%

0.1%

0.5%

(0.57)

(0.09)

(0.19)

(0.00)

(0.08)

(0.63)

156

146

153

124

248

99

97

89

93

111

157

150

173

134

222

150

151

135

..

259

..

..

98

..

..

..

111

107

69

85

140

100

109

74

89

127

111

99

93

96

110

126

111

80

82

183

114

104

117

97

131

117

 % shares and (levels) correspond to the (%) ratio between the value of a variable (x) in country (i) and in the EU economy [= xi/xEU]. Percentage shares portray the weight of each country in the EU aggregate, the EU 
being equal to 100%. Levels, computed for productivity and R&D intensity, portray the performance vs. the EU aggregate, and are expressed as a simple ratio, the EU level being equal to (1.00)

14PREDICT 2016 Country Factsheets:EU Member States - Benchmarking with Non-EU Countries---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
400

300

200

100

Total
economy

ICT sector

€ 60k

€ 94k
LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY
EU levels

3.9%
ICT VA %
GDP

Economic and industry trends 

Value added (€ bn)

Total economy (GDP)

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

ICT sector as a % of Total

Employment (thousands)
Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

Benchmarking vs. EU28 (=100), year 2013

Value added

Dynamics of ICT industries (2006=100)
Note: scales for value added and BERD might be different

BERD

TAIWAN (ROC)

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

 220

 160

 100

 40

 200

 150

 100

Total
economy

ICT sector

 50

121.0%

497.3%

R&D INTENSITY

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2013 vs EU 

2013 vs 2006(=100)

% shares 
(levels) 

Taiwan

EU

583

82   

67  

10  

5  

636

88   

71  

11  

6  

629

89   

72  

11  

6  

600

81   

65  

10  

6  

682

97   

79  

11  

7  

715

100

81  

11  

7  

748

107

87  

11  

8  

771

109

90  

11  

8  

14.0%

13.8%

14.2%

13.5%

14.2%

14.0%

14.2%

14.1%

10,113

10,292

10,404

10,279

10,493

10,710

10,858

10,966

917

756

43  

118

913

752

43  

118

932

769

45  

118

889

722

48  

119

925

758

47  

119

988

813

44  

131

995

815

43  

137

983

799

41  

143

ICT sector as a % of Total

9.1%

8.9%

9.0%

8.6%

8.8%

9.2%

9.2%

9.0%

Productivity of labour (€ thous./person employed)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

58

89

89

236

39

62

96

95

250

47

60

96

94

241

51

58

91

89

214

52

65

105

104

231

59

67

101

100

254

57

69

107

107

262

57

70

111

113

267

57

R&D performance

Business expenditure in R&D (BERD - € mln)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

9,559

10,868

11,874

11,923

13,654

14,997

16,295

17,395

6,751

6,314

139

298

7,775

7,352

139

283

8,555

8,058

152

344

8,680

8,174

152

354

9,958

9,380

187

391

11,034

10,431

194

409

11,895

11,302

199

393

12,800

12,145

196

459

ICT sector as a % of Total

70.6%

71.5%

72.0%

72.8%

72.9%

73.6%

73.0%

73.6%

R&D Intensity (BERD as a % of value added)

Total economy (% GDP)

ICT sector 

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

Rest of the economy

1.6

8.2

9.4

1.4

6.5

0.6

1.7

8.9

10.3

1.3

5.1

0.6

1.9

9.6

11.2

1.4

5.7

0.6

2.0

10.7

12.7

1.5

5.8

0.6

2.0

10.3

11.9

1.7

5.6

0.6

2.1

11.0

12.8

1.7

5.5

0.6

2.2

11.2

12.9

1.8

5.0

0.7

2.3

11.7

13.5

1.8

5.7

0.7

5.7%

20.6%

181.3%

6.4%

2.6%

4.9%

17.4%

117.4%

3.8%

3.7%

(1.17)

(1.18)

(1.54)

(1.69)

(0.71)

10.6%

48.7%

118.6%

6.2%

3.6%

(1.86)

(2.36)

(0.65)

(0.97)

(1.36)

(0.66)

132

133

134

107

176

108

107

106

94

121

122

124

127

113

145

182

190

192

141

154

138

143

143

132

87

..

111

107

69

85

140

100

109

74

89

127

111

99

93

96

110

126

111

80

82

183

114

104

117

97

131

117

Note: all monetary variables are expressed in euros at current prices and exchange rates. 

 % shares and (levels) correspond to the (%) ratio between the value of a variable (x) in country (i) and in the EU economy [= xi/xEU]. Percentage shares portray the weight of each country in the EU aggregate, the EU 
being equal to 100%. Levels, computed for productivity and R&D intensity, portray the performance vs. the EU aggregate, and are expressed as a simple ratio, the EU level being equal to (1.00)

15PREDICT 2016 Country Factsheets:EU Member States - Benchmarking with Non-EU Countries---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
250

200

150

100

3.9%
ICT VA %
GDP

Benchmarking vs. EU28 (=100), year 2013

 140

 120

 100

Total
economy

ICT sector

Total
economy

ICT sector

 80

€ 60k

LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY

€ 94k
EU levels

121.0%

R&D INTENSITY

497.3%

Value added

Dynamics of ICT industries (2006=100)
Note: scales for value added and BERD might be different

BERD

UNITED STATES

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

 180

 140

 100

 60

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2013 vs EU 

2013 vs 2006(=100)

% shares 
(levels) 

US

EU

Economic and industry trends 

Value added (€ bn)

Total economy (GDP)

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

ICT sector as a % of Total

Employment (thousands)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

11,271

11,747

11,498

10,845

11,422

11,709

12,289

12,662

588

125

225

238

622

122

246

253

621

119

246

256

580

107

228

245

607

118

228

261

612

115

219

278

634

114

223

297

658

116

229

314

5.2%

5.3%

5.4%

5.3%

5.3%

5.2%

5.2%

5.2%

152,833

154,194

153,346

146,932

145,483

146,849

149,503

151,685

3,946

825

1,009

2,112

4,014

797

1,052

2,166

4,058

777

1,031

2,250

ICT sector as a % of Total

2.6%

2.6%

2.6%

Productivity of labour (€ thous./person employed)

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

74

149

152

223

113

76

155

154

234

117

75

153

153

239

114

R&D performance

Business expenditure in R&D (BERD - € mln)

3,862

3,818

3,878

3,973

4,059

694

984

2,183

2.6%

74

150

155

231

112

673

926

2,219

2.6%

79

159

175

246

118

683

900

2,295

2.6%

80

158

169

243

121

676

875

2,421

2.7%

82

160

169

255

123

654

871

2,533

2.7%

83

162

177

262

124

Total economy

ICT sector

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

201,462

218,474

227,082

212,408

212,939

221,906

229,797

243,541

148.6%

61,514

30,791

1,738

28,985

62,800

30,950

2,648

29,202

70,301

35,141

1,316

33,844

62,606

31,255

1,125

30,226

64,519

33,796

1,426

29,297

69,344

35,156

1,628

32,560

71,536

37,299

2,147

32,089

77,976

39,811

2,296

35,869

296.5%

388.9%

72.7%

278.1%

ICT sector as a % of Total

30.5%

28.7%

31.0%

29.5%

30.3%

31.2%

31.1%

32.0%

R&D Intensity (BERD as a % of value added)

Total economy (% GDP)

ICT sector 

  Manufacturing

  Telecommunications

  Computer services

Rest of the economy

1.8

10.5

24.5

0.8

12.2

1.3

1.9

10.1

25.3

1.1

11.5

1.4

2.0

11.3

29.6

0.5

13.2

1.4

2.0

10.8

29.1

0.5

12.3

1.5

1.9

10.6

28.8

0.6

11.2

1.4

1.9

11.3

30.5

0.7

11.7

1.4

1.9

11.3

32.6

1.0

10.8

1.4

1.9

11.8

34.4

1.0

11.4

1.4

(1.59)

(2.38)

(1.67)

(0.54)

(2.73)

(1.30)

93.5%

124.5%

233.4%

134.0%

101.7%

67.6%

71.8%

96.1%

80.4%

65.2%

(1.38)

(1.73)

(2.43)

(1.67)

(1.56)

112

112

92

102

132

99

103

79

86

120

113

109

116

118

110

121

127

129

132

124

108

113

140

..

94

105

111

107

69

85

140

100

109

74

89

127

111

99

93

96

110

126

111

80

82

183

114

104

117

97

131

117

Note: all monetary variables are expressed in euros at current prices and exchange rates. 

 % shares and (levels) correspond to the (%) ratio between the value of a variable (x) in country (i) and in the EU economy [= xi/xEU]. Percentage shares portray the weight of each country in the EU aggregate, the EU 
being equal to 100%. Levels, computed for productivity and R&D intensity, portray the performance vs. the EU aggregate, and are expressed as a simple ratio, the EU level being equal to (1.00)

16PREDICT 2016 Country Factsheets:EU Member States - Benchmarking with Non-EU Countries---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
         
         
         
          
         
         
           
         
          
          
         
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
       
       
       
         
       
        
        
       
          
         
         
           
         
          
          
         
        
       
       
         
       
        
        
       
PREDICT 2016 Country Factsheets: 
EU Member States – Benchmarking with Non-EU Countries 

The 2016 PREDICT Report 

References 

Both  the  report  and  the  database  can  be  accessed  through  the  following  web  page: 
https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/predict/data 

17Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union 
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doi:10.2791/107946

ISBN 978-92-79-63497-0