COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT Accompanying the document REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL 34rd Annual Report from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council on the EU's Anti-Dumping, Anti-Subsidy and Safeguard activities (2015)
Date: 2016-10-18
Institutions: Directorate-General for Trade and Economic Security, European Commission
Subjects: anti-dumping duty, anti-dumping measure, anti-subsidy proceeding, countervailing charge, import (EU), import restriction, originating product, surveillance concerning imports, trade dispute

EUROPEAN 
COMMISSION 

Brussels, 18.10.2016  
SWD(2016) 330 final 

COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT 
Accompanying the document 

REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND 
THE COUNCIL 

34rd Annual Report from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council 
on the EU's Anti-Dumping, Anti-Subsidy and Safeguard activities (2015) 

{COM(2016) 661 final} 

EN 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
  
 
COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT 
Accompanying the document 

REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND 
THE COUNCIL 

34rd Annual Report from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council 
on the EU's Anti-Dumping, Anti-Subsidy and Safeguard activities (2015) 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Executive summary .................................................................................................................... 6 

1. 

Overview of the legislation .......................................................................................... 8 

Anti-dumping and anti-subsidy.................................................................................................. 8 

1.1.1.  The international framework........................................................................................ 8 

1.1.2.  The EU legislation........................................................................................................ 8 

Safeguards .................................................................................................................................. 9 

1.2.1.  The international framework........................................................................................ 9 

1.2.2.  The EU legislation........................................................................................................ 9 

Anti-subsidy and unfair pricing instrument for airline services............................................... 10 

2. 

2.1. 

Basic concepts............................................................................................................ 10 

Anti-dumping and anti-subsidy.................................................................................. 10 

2.1.1.  What is dumping and what are countervailable subsidies - the material conditions for 
the imposition of duties? ............................................................................................ 10 

2.1.2.  Procedure ................................................................................................................... 11 

2.1.3.  Review of measures ................................................................................................... 13 

2.1.4. 

Judicial reviews.......................................................................................................... 14 

2.2. 

Safeguards .................................................................................................................. 14 

2.2.1.  What are safeguard measures? ................................................................................... 14 

2.2.2.  Procedure ................................................................................................................... 14 

3. 

3.1. 

3.2. 

4. 

4.1. 

General overview of anti-dumping and anti-subsidy investigations and measures ... 15 

Measures in place....................................................................................................... 16 

Review investigations ................................................................................................ 16 

Overview of activities in 2014 ................................................................................... 17 

New investigations ..................................................................................................... 17 

4.1.1. 

Initiations ................................................................................................................... 17 

4.1.2.  Provisional measures.................................................................................................. 19 

4.1.3.  Definitive measures.................................................................................................... 19 

EN 

2 

   EN 

 
4.1.4.  Details on individual cases......................................................................................... 20 

4.1.5. 

Investigations terminated without measures .............................................................. 28 

4.1.6.  Details on some individual cases ............................................................................... 28 

4.2. 

Review investigations ................................................................................................ 28 

4.2.1.  Expiry reviews ........................................................................................................... 28 

4.2.2. 

Interim reviews .......................................................................................................... 39 

4.2.3. 

 “Other” reviews......................................................................................................... 42 

4.2.4.  New exporter reviews ................................................................................................ 42 

4.2.5.  Absorption investigations .......................................................................................... 43 

4.2.6.  Circumvention investigations .................................................................................... 45 

4.3. 

5. 

5.1. 

5.2. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

8.1. 

8.2. 

8.3. 

8.4. 

8.5. 

8.6. 

9. 

9.1. 

9.2. 

Safeguard investigations ............................................................................................ 48 

Enforcement of anti-dumping/countervailing measures ............................................ 48 

Follow-up of measures............................................................................................... 49 

Monitoring of undertakings ....................................................................................... 49 

Refunds ...................................................................................................................... 49 

TDI Modernisation..................................................................................................... 49 

Country-wide market economy status (MES)............................................................ 50 

China .......................................................................................................................... 50 

Vietnam ...................................................................................................................... 51 

Armenia...................................................................................................................... 51 

Kazakhstan ................................................................................................................. 51 

Mongolia .................................................................................................................... 51 

Belarus ....................................................................................................................... 51 

Information and Communication activities / Bilateral contacts................................. 51 

Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) ............................................................ 51 

Bilateral contacts/information activities – EU economic operators  including their 
key stakeholder associations and third countries ....................................................... 52 

10. 

11 Judicial review: decisions given by the Court of Justice / Court of First Instance52 

11.1.  Overview of the judicial reviews in 2015. ................................................................. 52 

11.2.  Cases pending ............................................................................................................ 52 

11.3.  New cases................................................................................................................... 52 

11.4. 

Judgments rendered by the General Court ................................................................. 52 

Ferro-silicon originating in Russia - T-466/12 - RFA International v Commission – Judgment 
of 17 March 2015. ...................................................................................................... 52 

Bicycles originating in the People’s Republic of China - T-412/13 and T-413/13 - Chin Haur 

v Council and City Cycle v Council – Judgments of 19 March 2015. ...................... 53 

EN 

3 

   EN 

 
Ferro-silicon originating, inter alia, in Russia – T-169/12 – CHEMK and KF v Council - 

Judgment of 28 April 2015. ....................................................................................... 55 

Fasteners from the People’s Republic of China - T-558/12 and T-559/12 - Changshu City 
Standard Parts Factory v Council Ningbo Jinding Fastener Co., Ltd v Council – 
Judgments of 29 April 2015....................................................................................... 56 

Certain fatty alcohols and their blends originating in India, Indonesia and Malaysia - T-26/12 
- PT Musim Mas v Council – Judgment 25 June 2015. ............................................. 57 

Bicycles originating in the People’s Republic of China - T-425/13 - Giant China v Council – 

Judgment of 26 November 2015. ............................................................................... 58 

Certain compressors originating in the People’s Republic of China - T-73/12, T-74/12, T-
75/12 and T-76/12- Einhell, Mecafer, Nu Air Polska and Nu Air Compressors v 
Commission- Judgments of 18 November 2015........................................................ 60 

11.5. 

Judgments rendered by the Court of Justice .............................................................. 61 

Certain aluminium foil originating in Armenia, Brazil and the People’s Republic of China – 

C-21/14 P - Rusal Armenal v Council - Judgment of 16 July 2015. ......................... 61 

Integrated electronic compact fluorescent lamps (CFL-i) originating in the People’s Republic 

of China - C-511/13 - Philips Lightning Poland SA and Philips Lightning BV v 
Council – Judgment of 8 September 2015. ................................................................ 62 

Ceramic tiles originating in the People’s Republic of China – C-687/13 – Fliesen-Zentrum 

Deutschland - Judgment of 10 September 2015. ....................................................... 63 

Ceramic tiles originating in the People’s Republic of China – C-569/13 – Bricmate – 

Judgment of 10 September 2015................................................................................ 64 

11. 

Activities in the framework of the World Trade Organization (WTO) ..................... 64 

12.1.  Dispute settlement in the field of anti-dumping, anti-subsidy and safeguards .......... 64 

12.1.1.  Overview of the WTO dispute settlement procedure................................................. 64 

12.2.  Other WTO activities ................................................................................................. 67 

13. 

Conclusion ................................................................................................................. 68 

11.1. 

LIST OF ANNEXES ................................................................................................. 69 

11.1.1.  ANNEX A.................................................................................................................. 70 

11.1.2.  ANNEX B .................................................................................................................. 71 

11.1.3.  ANNEX C .................................................................................................................. 73 

11.1.4.  ANNEX D.................................................................................................................. 74 

11.1.5.  ANNEX E .................................................................................................................. 75 

11.1.6.  ANNEX F .................................................................................................................. 76 

11.1.7.  ANNEX H.................................................................................................................. 80 

11.1.8.  ANNEX I ................................................................................................................... 81 

11.1.9.  ANNEX J ................................................................................................................... 83 

11.1.10. ANNEX K.................................................................................................................. 84 

11.1.11. ANNEX L .................................................................................................................. 85 

EN 

4 

   EN 

 
11.1.12. ANNEX M ................................................................................................................. 86 

11.1.13. ANNEX N.................................................................................................................. 87 

11.1.14. ANNEX O.................................................................................................................. 88 

11.1.15. ANNEX P ................................................................................................................ 130 

11.1.16. ANNEX Q................................................................................................................ 134 

11.1.17. ANNEX R ................................................................................................................ 136 

EN 

5 

   EN 

 
 
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 

This report sets out the European Union's anti-dumping, anti-subsidy and safeguard activities 
during 2015.  

The report, as in previous years, gives an overview of the EU legislation in force with regard 
to the trade defence instruments, anti-dumping, anti-subsidy and safeguards. 

The  report  also  summarises  the  developments  in  general  policy.  It  gives  an  overview  of  all 
investigations  together  with  the  most  essential  information  such  as,  for  instance,  the  rate  of 
individual  duties  imposed.  Cases  which  merit  some  special  attention  are  treated  in  more 
detail. Consequently, the report covers the essential facts of the year. 

The detailed annexes give a complete overview of all the activities carried out during 2015.  
These are broken down into various categories e.g. initiations, imposition of measures etc. and 
are  designed  to  complement  the  narrative  of  this  report  by  providing  details  of  all  cases 
including references to publications.   

The year 2015 saw a slight decrease in the number of new cases initiated when compared to 
the previous year, 14 as compared to 16 in 2014. By contrast, in 2015 there was a significant 
increase in the number of provisional measures imposed, 10 compared to two as well as the 
number of definitive measures imposed, 12 compared to three the previous year.  The number 
of  investigations  terminated  without  measures  was  fairly  stable  (four  in  2014  compared  to 
three  in  2015).  These  changes  between  2014  and  2015  reflect  the  fact  that  following 
initiations,  provisional  and  definitive  measures  are  imposed  normally  nine  and  15  months 
later  respectively,  which  might  be  in  the  following  year.  In  this  context,  the  number  of 
initiations  of  new  cases  in  2014  was  much  higher  than  in  2013  which  has  resulted  in  the 
increase in 2015 of the number of measures imposed.   

As  regards  review  investigations  initiated,  there  was  an  increase  from  22  in  2014  to  34  in 
2015.  These  included  13  expiry  reviews,  11  interim  reviews,  one  new  exporter  review,  two 
'other'  reviews  as  well  as  seven  anti-circumvention  investigations.  In  the  period,  13  expiry 
reviews  were  concluded  with  confirmation  of  the  measures  and  six  interim  reviews  were 
concluded with the measures being confirmed or amended. 

There was no safeguard investigation opened nor safeguard measures imposed during 2015.  

On  the  modernisation  of  the  trade  defence  instruments  progress  on  this  file  continued  to  be 
stalled during 2015 despite the steel crisis seemingly generating more interest in this issue. 

As in previous years, this report provides an overview of the Court cases relating to the trade 
policy instruments. In 2015, the Court of Justice (COJ) and the General Court (GC) rendered 
27 judgments in total relating to the areas of anti-dumping or anti-subsidy.  

The  European  Parliament's  INTA  Committee  continued  to  be  informed  about  major 
developments in the EU's trade defence activities. 

The  relevant  activities  in  the  framework  of  the  World  Trade  Organisation  (WTO)  are  also 
reported, including dispute settlement procedures initiated against the EU.  

The annexes to this report provide easy access to the activities in table form. 

This report is also available to the general public with the following link. 

Internet Website :   http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/accessing-markets/trade-defence/ 

EN 

6 

   EN 

 
1. 

OVERVIEW OF THE LEGISLATION 

Anti-dumping and anti-subsidy 

1.1.1.  The international framework 

On an international level, unfair trading practices such as dumping and the granting of 
subsidies  were  identified  as  a  threat  to  open  markets  as  early  as  1947,  when  the  first 
GATT  agreement  was  signed.  The  agreement  contained  specific  provisions  allowing 
GATT members to take action against these practices if they caused material injury to 
the  domestic  industry  of  a  GATT  member.  Even  though,  the  beginning  of  the 
disciplines  dates  back  quite  some  time,  the  instruments  are  still  relevant  because  the 
trade distortions that underlie the application of these instruments are widespread. 

Since  the  beginning,  considerable  efforts  have  been  made  to  harmonise  the  rules 
relating  to  trade  instruments.  During  the  last  GATT  round  (the  « Uruguay  Round ») 
which led to the creation of the WTO and the detailed Anti-Dumping and Anti-Subsidy 
Agreements,  much  of  the  attention  was  focused  on  the  procedural  and  material 
conditions to be fulfilled before measures can be adopted. The EU played an active role 
in  the  negotiation  of  these  relevant  criteria  which  are  reflected  in  its  own  legislation. 
The  EU's  role  is  the  more  so  important  today  as  a  number  of  new  users  take  action 
without  the  necessary  rigor  and  restraint,  affecting  negatively  also  EU  operators.  The 
role the EU plays as a prudent user has therefore also an exemplary function at WTO 
level.  

1.1.2.  The EU legislation 

The EU’s anti-dumping and anti-subsidy legislation was first enacted in 1968 and has 
since been modified several times. The current basic texts, which form the legal basis of 
anti-dumping  and  anti-subsidy  investigations  in  the  EU,  entered  into  force  in  March 
1996 and October 1997 respectively. These are in line with the Anti-Dumping and Anti-
Subsidy Agreements adopted during the GATT/WTO negotiations. The basic texts are: 

– 

– 

 Regulation  (EU)  2016/1036  of  the  European  Parliament  and  of  the 
Council  of  8  June  2016  on  protection  against  dumped  imports  from 
countries not members of the European Union – Codified Version1 

Regulation  (EU)  2016/1037  of  the  European  Parliament  and  of  the 
Council  of  8  June  2016  on  protection  against  subsidised  imports  from 
countries not members of the European Union – Codified Version2. 

These regulations will overall be referred to as the "basic Regulation(s)".  

The  EU  legislation  contains  a  number  of  provisions  aimed  at  ensuring  a  balanced 
application of the EU’s Anti-Dumping and Anti-Subsidy rules on all interested parties. 
These  provisions  include  the  “EU  interest  test”  and  the  “lesser  duty  rule”,  which  go 
beyond the WTO obligations. 

1 

2 

EN 

OJ L 176, 30.6.2016, p.21   Codified version as last amended by Regulation (EU) No 37/2014 
(OJ L 18, 21.01.2014, p. 1) 

OJ  L  176,  30.6.2016,  p.55  Codified  Version  as  last  amended  by  Regulation  (EU)  No  37/2014 
(OJ L 18 21.01.2014, p. 1) 

7 

   EN 

 
                                                 
 
 
The EU interest test is a public interest clause and provides that measures can only be 
taken if they are not contrary to the overall interest of the EU. This requires an analysis 
of  all  the  economic  interests  involved,  including  those  of  the  EU  industry,  users, 
consumers and traders of the product concerned.  

The  lesser  duty  rule  requires  the  measures  imposed  by  the  EU  to  be  lower  than  the 
dumping  or  subsidy  margin,  if  such  lower  duty  rate  is  sufficient  to  remove  the  injury 
suffered by the EU industry. Such a “no-injury” rate is determined by using the cost of 
production  of  the  EU  industry  and  a  reasonable  profit  margin;  it  reduces  the  anti-
dumping measures for individual exporting companies in almost half of the cases.  The 
EU  is  one  of  the  few  investigating  authorities  on  a  world-wide  level  that  applies  the 
lesser duty rule.   

Safeguards 

1.2.1.  The international framework 

The  principle  of  liberalisation  of  imports  was  set  under  the  GATT  1947  and 
strengthened  under  the  1994  WTO  Agreements.  As  safeguard  measures  consist  of  the 
unilateral withdrawal or suspension of a tariff concession or of other trade liberalisation 
obligations  formerly  agreed,  they  have  to  be  considered  as  an  exception  to  this 
principle. Article XIX GATT 1994 and the WTO Agreement on Safeguards do not only 
impose strict conditions for the application of this "escape clause”, but also put in place 
a multilateral control mechanism under the WTO Committee on Safeguards. 

Under WTO rules, safeguard action has to be viewed as a temporary defence measure 
that applies to all imports of the product covered by a measure, irrespective of origin. 
As  regards  non-WTO  members,  safeguard  measures  may  be  selective  and  apply  to 
products originating in a specific country. WTO Accession Protocols may also provide 
for  such  selective  safeguard  mechanisms  as  was  the  case  in  the  People's  Republic  of 
China's Protocol of Accession, although the provision has now expired.  

WTO  safeguards  should  only  be  adopted  after  a  comprehensive  investigation  which 
provides  evidence  of  the  existence  of  a)  unforeseen  developments  leading  to  b) 
increased imports, c) the existence of a serious injury for EU producers and d) a causal 
link between the imports and the injury. 

1.2.2.  The EU legislation 

The above-mentioned principles are all reflected in the relevant EU regulations, except 
for  the  “unforeseen  development  requirement”  (which  is  not  explicitly  in  the  EU 
legislation but has been confirmed as a self-standing condition by WTO jurisprudence). 
Additionally,  the  adoption  of  measures  in  the  EU  requires  an  analysis  of  all  interests 
concerned, i.e. the impact of the measures on producers, users and consumers. In other 
words, safeguard action can only be taken when it is in the EU’s interest to do so. The 
current EU safeguard instruments are covered by the following regulations: 

-  Regulation  (EU)  2015/478  of  the  European Parliament and of the Council of 
11 March 2015 on common rules for imports (codification)[1],  

-  Regulation  (EU)  2015/755  of  the  European Parliament and of the Council of 
29  April  2015  on  common  rules  for  imports  from  certain  third  countries 
(recast)[2]  

[1]               OJ L 83, 27.3.2015, p.16. 

EN 

8 

   EN 

 
                                                 
-  Regulation  (EU)  2015/936  on  common  rules  for  imports  of  textile  products 
from  certain  third  countries  not  covered  by  bilateral  agreements,  protocols  or 
other arrangements, or by other specific EU import rules (recast) 

The first two regulations are referred to as the "basic safeguard Regulation(s)". 

Anti-subsidy and unfair pricing instrument for airline services 

Regulation  No  868/2004[1]  dealing  with  the  effect  of  subsidisation  and  unfair  pricing 
for  air  services  from  third  countries,  adopted  by  the  EP  and  the  Council  in  2004,  has 
never been used. In December 2012, the Council of the European Union concluded that 
the Regulation "has proven not to address adequately the specific characteristics of the 
aviation  services  sector"  and  supported  the  Commission's  intention  to  analyse,  in 
consultation  with  industry  and  Member  States,  possible  options  for  a  more  effective 
instrument  to  safeguard  open  and  fair  competition  and  its  intention,  on  that  basis,  to 
present a proposal for a revision or replacement of Regulation 868/2004.  Following a 
public consultation, which took place in 2013, a study was carried out for DG MOVE in 
2014, the purpose of which was to analyse policy options to be envisaged in the context 
of  the  review.  The  review  of  the  regulation,  involving  different  services  of  the 
Commission as well as external experts continued during 2015.  

2. 

BASIC CONCEPTS 

2.1. 

Anti-dumping and anti-subsidy 

2.1.1.  What  is  dumping  and  what  are  countervailable  subsidies  -  the  material 

conditions for the imposition of duties? 

2.1.1.1.  Dumping and subsidies 

Dumping is traditionally defined as price discrimination between national markets, or as 
selling below cost of production, plus profit. The EU’s anti-dumping legislation defines 
anti-dumping as selling a product in the EU at a price below  its “normal value”. This 
“normal value” is usually the actual sales price on the domestic market of the exporting 
country. Therefore, a country is selling at dumped prices if the prices in its home market 
are higher than its export prices (i.e. price discrimination). 

Where  sales  in  the  domestic  market  are  not  representative,  for  instance  because  they 
have only been made in small quantities, the normal value may then be established on 
another basis, such as the sales prices of other producers on the domestic market or the 
cost of production, plus profit. In the latter case, a company is selling at dumped prices 
if its export prices are below the cost of production, plus profit. 

A certain segregation  of  the  market, triggered by a variety of distortions, exists in the 
majority  of  the  cases  where  dumping  occurs  on  a  more  than  an  incidental  basis.  That 
segregation  may  be  caused,  amongst  other  reasons,  by  government  intervention  e.g. 
high customs duties. As a result, exporters are shielded, at least to a certain degree, from 
international competition on their domestic market. 

Subsidies can have similar effects to sales at dumped prices in that they allow exporters 
to  operate  from  a  distorted  home  base.  Subsidies  involve  a  direct  support  from  a 

[2]               OJ L 123, 19.5.2015, p.33. 

[1]               OJ L 162, 30.4.2004, p. 1 as last amended by Regulation (EU) No 37/2014 (OJ L 18, 
21.01.2014, p1) 

EN 

9 

   EN 

 
                                                                                                                                               
government or a government-directed private body which has the effect of conferring a 
benefit  to  producers  or  exporters  (e.g.  grants,  tax  and  duty  exemptions,  preferential 
loans at below commercial rates, export promotion schemes, etc.), all aimed at allowing 
the  exporters  to  sell  at  low  prices  in  the  EU.  Only  subsidies  which  are  “specific”,  i.e. 
targeted  at  individual  companies  or  certain  sectors  of  the  economy,  can  be  subject  to 
trade defence measures. 

Both anti-dumping and anti-subsidy measures are thus only second-best solutions in the 
absence of internationally agreed and enforced rules that ensure full market integration 
(for instance like in the EU internal market).  

2.1.1.2.  Material injury and causation 

For measures to be taken against these unfair trading practices, it is not sufficient that 
companies  are  exporting  their  products  to  the  EU  at  dumped  or  subsidised  prices. 
Measures can only be taken if these exports cause material injury to EU producers. 

Typical  indicators  of  injury  are  that  the  dumped  and/or  subsidised  import  volumes 
increase  over  a  certain  period  and  import  prices  undercut  the  sales  prices  of  the  EU 
industry.  As  a  consequence,  the  latter  is  forced  to  decrease  production  volumes  and 
sales  prices  thus  losing  market  shares,  making  losses  or  having  to  make  employees 
redundant.  In  extreme  cases,  exporters  may  try  to  eliminate  viable  EU  producers  by 
using a predatory, below cost, pricing strategy. In any event, the injury analysis requires 
that all relevant factors be taken into account before deciding whether the EU industry is 
in fact suffering “material injury”. 

A further condition for the imposition of measures is the need for “a causal link”: the 
injury must be caused by the dumping or the subsidy. This condition is often fulfilled 
when  the  injury  to  the  EU  industry  coincides  with  the  increase  in  dumped  and 
subsidised imports. It is important to note that the dumped or subsidised imports do not 
have to be the only cause of the injury. 

2.1.1.3.  EU interest 

Finally,  it  has  to  be  established  whether  there  are  compelling  reasons  according  to 
which measures would be contrary to the overall interest of the EU. In this respect, the 
interests of all relevant economic operators which might be affected by the outcome of 
the investigation must be taken into account. These interests typically include those of 
the EU industry, industrial users, consumers and traders of the product concerned and 
the  analysis  assesses  the  positive  impact  measures  will  have  on  some  operators  as 
opposed to the negative impact on others. Measures should not be imposed only if it can 
be clearly concluded that their negative impact would be disproportionate. 

2.1.2.  Procedure 

Investigations are carried out in accordance with the procedural rules laid down in the 
basic Regulations. These rules guarantee a transparent, fair and objective proceeding by 
granting significant procedural rights to interested parties. In addition, the results of an 
investigation  are published in the Official Journal, and the EU is obliged to justify its 
decisions in this publication. Finally, it is ensured that each case is decided on its merits 
and  the  Commission  does  not  hesitate  to  terminate  a  case  if  the  conditions  to  impose 
measures are not met. 

Whereas  each  investigation  is  different  depending  on  the  products  and  countries 
involved, all cases follow the same procedural rules. However, certain preferential rules 

EN 

10 

   EN 

 
apply  to  any  candidate  countries.  The  rules  relating  to  a  new  case  are  summarised 
below. 

Initiation 

A case normally starts with a sufficiently substantiated complaint from the EU industry 
manufacturing  the  same  or  a  similar  product  to  the  one  referred  to  in  the  complaint. 
Then,  the  Commission  assesses  whether  the  complaint  contains  sufficient  evidence  to 
allow for the initiation of the case. A case is opened by a notice of initiation published 
in  the  Official  Journal.  In  this  notice,  all  interested  parties,  including  users,  exporting 
country  authorities  in  anti-subsidy  investigations  in  particular  and,  where  appropriate, 
consumer  organisations  are  invited  to  participate  and  co-operate  in  the  proceedings. 
Detailed questionnaires are sent to producers in the exporting countries, in anti-subsidy 
investigations also to the exporting country authorities, and in the EU to the producers, 
traders  (in  particular  importers)  and  other  interested  parties,  such  as  users.  These 
questionnaires cover all different conditions to be fulfilled, i.e. dumping/subsidy, injury, 
causation and EU interest. The parties are also informed that they can request a hearing 
and ask for access to the non-confidential files which will help them defend their case. 

The investigation up to the provisional measures 

Following  receipt  of  the  replies  to  the  questionnaire,  investigations  are  carried  out  by 
Commission officials at the premises of the co-operating parties. 

The  main  purpose  of  these  visits  is  to  verify  whether  the  information  given  in  the 
questionnaires is reliable. The verified information is subsequently used to calculate or 
determine  the  dumping  margin  and  the  injury  factors,  in  particular  the  price 
undercutting margin and injury elimination level, as well as for the EU interest analysis. 
The  respective  calculations  and  analysis  often  involve  the  processing  of  thousands  of 
transactions,  the  complex  examination  of  production  costs  and  the  assessment  of  the 
economic situation of numerous economic operators. 

The  results  of  the  calculations  and  other  findings  are  summarised  in  a  draft 
implementing  act,  on  the  basis  of  which  it  is  decided  whether  to  impose  provisional 
measures, whether to continue the investigation without proposing duties or whether to 
terminate  the  proceedings.  In  either  eventuality  the  decision  is  the  Commission's 
responsibility. 

The investigation up to the definitive stage 

Following the publication in the Official Journal of a Commission regulation imposing 
provisional duties, interested parties, which so request, receive a full disclosure which 
allows them to review the Commission’s findings and to submit comments. Comments 
can  also  be  made  at  a  hearing.  Any  submissions  and  comments  in  reaction  to 
provisional  disclosure,  are  taken  into  account  when  a  second,  definitive,  draft 
implementing act is prepared by the Commission. 

After final disclosure, assessment of comments of interested parties and after receiving 
the  opinion  of  the  Member  States  via  the  Trade  Defence  Instruments  Committee,  the 
Commission  decides  whether  or  not  to  adopt  definitive  measures.  At  definitive  stage, 
Member States can block the adoption of a draft implementing act by qualified majority.  
The Commission may also accept undertakings offered by exporters, which undertake to 
respect  minimum  prices.  In  the  latter  case,  no  duties  are  generally  imposed  on  the 
companies from which undertakings are accepted. The Commission regulation imposing 

EN 

11 

   EN 

 
definitive  duties/accepting  undertakings,  and  deciding  on  the  collection  of  the 
provisional duties, is published in the Official Journal. 

As set out above, throughout the process and at various specific steps, the procedure - 
consisting  e.g.  of  requests  for  information,  hearings,  access  to  the  file  and  disclosure  
ensures that the rights of defence of interested parties are fully respected in this quasi-
judicial process. 

If  one  or  more  of  the  conditions  for  imposing  measures  are  not  met,  the  Commission 
will decide to terminate a case without the imposition of measures. The same procedure 
(disclosure, comments, hearing, draft implementing act) as described above applies. The 
termination  of  the  case  is  made  by  a  Commission  Decision  after  consultation  of  the 
Member States. 

Timing 

The  procedure  described  above  is  subject  to  strict  statutory  time  limits.  A  decision  to 
impose  provisional  duties  must  be  taken  within  nine  months  of  the  initiation  and  the 
total duration of an investigation is limited to fifteen months in anti-dumping cases and 
to  thirteen  months  in  anti-subsidy  cases.  This  leads  to  significant  time  constraints, 
taking  into  account,  inter  alia,  internal  consultations  and  the  necessity  to  publish 
regulations and decisions in all EU languages at the same time. 

Anti-dumping or countervailing measures will normally remain in force for five years, 
and may consist of duties or undertakings concluded with exporters. Measures are taken 
on  a  countrywide  basis,  but  individual  treatment,  i.e.  the  application  of  a  company-
specific  duty,  can  be  granted  to  exporters  which  have  co-operated  throughout  the 
investigation.  During  the  five-year  period,  interested  parties  may,  under  certain 
conditions,  request  a  review  of  measures  or  the  refund  of  anti-dumping  duties  paid. 
Measures may also be suspended for a certain period, subject to given criteria. 

2.1.3.  Review of measures 

The  basic  Regulations  provide  for  administrative  reviews  and  distinguish  between 
interim reviews, newcomer reviews and expiry reviews.  

The  expiry  review  is  initiated  at  the  end  of  the  five  year  life-time  of  the  measures. 
Initiation  of  such  a  review  requires  a  request  by  the  EU  industry  evidencing  that  the 
expiry of the measures would lead to the likelihood of a continuation or recurrence of 
dumping  and  injury.  Since  the  amendment  to  the  basic  Regulations,  expiry  reviews 
initiated after 20 March 2004 are subject to strict deadlines, i.e. they shall normally be 
concluded within 12 months of the date of initiation of the review, but in all cases be 
concluded within 15 months. 

During  the  five  year  life-time  of  measures,  the  Commission  may  perform  an  interim 
review.  Under  the  latter  procedure,  the  Commission  will  consider  whether  the 
circumstances with regard to subsidy/dumping and injury have changed significantly or 
whether  existing  measures  are  achieving  the  intended  results  in  removing  the  injury. 
Since 20 March 2006, the deadline for concluding an interim review is set at 12 months, 
but no later than 15 months. 

Finally,  the  basic  Regulations  provide  that  a  review  shall  be  carried  out  to  determine 
individual  margins  for  new  exporters  in  the  exporting  country  concerned.  Since  20 
March 2006, the deadline for conclusion of newcomer reviews is nine months.  

EN 

12 

   EN 

 
 
During  these  reviews,  the  main  procedural  rules  outlined  in  chapter  2.1.2  are  also 
applicable. However, in reviews there is no provisional stage.  

2.1.4. 

Judicial reviews 

The procedural rights of the parties, including hearings and access to non-confidential 
files, are respected in the course of the proceeding, and a system of judicial review is in 
place  to  ensure  their  correct  implementation.  The  competence  to  review  anti-dumping 
and  anti-subsidy  cases  lies  with  the  General  Court  and  the  Court  of  Justice  in 
Luxembourg.  Furthermore,  WTO  members  may  have  recourse  to  the  WTO  dispute 
settlement mechanism. 

2.2. 

Safeguards 

2.2.1.  What are safeguard measures? 

Safeguard  measures  allow  temporary  protection  against  the  adverse  effects  of  import 
surges. Under the EU legislation3 implementing the WTO Safeguards Agreement, they 
can  be  applied  under  the  following  conditions:  if,  as  a  result  of  unforeseen 
developments,  a  product  is  being  imported  into  the  EU  in  such  increased  quantities 
and/or on such terms and conditions as to cause, or threaten to cause, serious injury to 
EU producers of like or directly competitive products. Safeguard measures may only be 
imposed to the extent and for such time as may be necessary to prevent or remedy the 
injury.  

2.2.2.  Procedure 

Investigations are carried out in accordance with the procedural rules laid down in the 
basic  safeguard  Regulations.  These  rules  guarantee  a  transparent,  fair  and  objective 
proceeding.  In  addition,  the  results  of  safeguard  investigations  are  published  in  the 
Official Journal, and the EU is obliged to justify its decisions in this publication. 

Initiation 

The Commission is informed by one or more Member States should trends in imports of 
a certain product appear to call for safeguard measures. This information must contain 
evidence  available,  of  the  following  criteria:  a)  the  volume  of  imports,  b)  the  price  of 
imports, c) trends in certain economic factors of the Union industry such as production, 
capacity utilisation, stocks, sales, market share, prices, profits, employment, etc. Where 
there  is  a  threat  of  serious  injury,  the  Commission  must  also  examine  whether  it  is 
clearly foreseeable that a particular situation is likely to develop into actual injury. 

This information is passed on by the Commission to all other Member States. If there is 
sufficient  evidence  to  justify  an  investigation,  the  Commission  publishes  a  notice  of 
initiation  in  the  Official  Journal  within  one  month  of  receipt  of  the  information  and 
commences the investigation, acting in co-operation with the Member States. 

Provisional measures 

Provisional measures may be imposed at any stage  of the investigation. They  shall  be 
applied  in  critical  circumstances  where  delay  would  cause  damage  which  would  be 

3 
imports (codification - OJ L 83, 27.3.2015, p.16. 

Regulation  (EU)  2015/478  of  the  European  Parliament  and  of  the  Council  of  11  March  2015  on  common  rules  for 

EN 

13 

   EN 

 
                                                 
 
 
 
difficult  to  repair,  making  immediate  action  necessary,  and  where  a  preliminary 
determination  provides  clear  evidence  that  increased  imports  have  caused,  or  are 
threatening to cause, serious injury. 

The  duration  of  the  provisional  measures  can,  however,  not  exceed  200  days  (i.e. 
slightly more than six months). 

Definitive measures 

If,  at  the  end  of  the  investigation,  the  Commission  considers  that  definitive  safeguard 
measures  are  necessary,  it  will  take  the  necessary  decisions  no  later  than  nine  months 
from the initiation of the investigation, at which stage the results of the investigation are 
published in the Official Journal. In exceptional circumstances, this time limit may be 
extended by a further maximum period of two months. 

Safeguard  measures  shall  be  applied  only  to  the  extent  to  prevent  or  remedy  serious 
injury, thereby maintaining as far as possible traditional trade flows. As to the form of 
the measures, the EU will choose the measures most suitable in order to achieve these 
objectives.  These  measures  could  consist  of  quantitative  quotas,  tariff  quotas,  duties, 
etc. 

Duration and review of the measures 

The duration of safeguard measures must be limited to the period of time necessary to 
prevent  or  remedy  serious  injury  and  to  facilitate  adjustments  on  the  part  of  the  EU 
producers,  but  should  not  exceed  four  years,  including  the  duration  of  the  provisional 
measures,  if  any.  Under  certain  circumstances,  extensions  may  be  necessary  but  the 
total period of application of safeguard measures should not exceed eight years. 

If  the  duration  of  the  measures  exceeds  one  year,  the  measures  must  be  progressively 
liberalised  at  regular  intervals  during  the  period  of  application.  If  the  duration  of  the 
measures  exceeds  three  years,  the  Commission  will  examine,  mid  way  through  their 
duration,  the  appropriateness  of  further  liberalisation  and  necessity  for  their  continued 
application.  This  will  be  done  either  on  the  Commission's  own  initiative  or  at  the 
request of a Member State. Where the Commission considers that the application of the 
measure  is  still  necessary,  it  shall  inform  the  Member  States  accordingly.    Where  the 
Commission considers that any surveillance or safeguard measure should be revoked or 
amended, it shall do so after having received the approval of the Member States.  

3. 

GENERAL  OVERVIEW  OF  ANTI-DUMPING  AND  ANTI-SUBSIDY  INVESTIGATIONS 
AND MEASURES 

The number of new investigations initiated in 2015 decreased compared to the previous 
year, 14 compared to 16. The number of definitive measures imposed increased when 
compared  to  2014  (11  as  compared  to  three)  and  the  number  of  provisional  measures 
imposed in 2015 also increased from two in 2014 to 10. These changes between 2014 
and  2015  reflect  the  fact  that  from  the  date  of  initiation,  provisional  measures  are 
imposed  normally  nine  months  after  initiation  with  definitive  measures  imposed  six 
(anti-dumping) or four (anti-subsidy) months after that, which in either case might be in 
the following year. Below are details on new investigations and review investigations. 

EN 

14 

   EN 

 
 
3.1.  Measures in place 

At the end of 2015, the EU had 87 anti-dumping measures (which were extended in 30 
cases) and 11 countervailing measures in force (which was extended in one case)4. The 
anti-dumping  measures  covered  62  products  and  27  countries  (see  Annex  O);  the 
countervailing  measures  covered  11  products  and  five  countries  (see  Annex  P).  The 
large majority of measures was in the form of duties.  However, in a number of cases, 
undertakings were accepted. 

Of the 87 anti-dumping measures and 30 extensions in force at the end of 2015 the main 
countries affected were China (53), Indonesia (seven)  Malaysia and Russia (six each), 
India and Taiwan (five each), Korea and Thailand (four each), Ukraine and Korea (three 
each) and USA and Philippines, Sri Lanka and USA (two each). Of the 11 anti-subsidy 
measures and one extension in place the majority concern imports from China (five in 
total), with imports from India subject to four measures and Canada, Turkey and USA 
all subject to one measure each.  

Regarding  the    anti-dumping  measures  one  has  to  look  at  the  trade  volume  of  the 
products concerned, which varies considerably depending on the sector concerned. The 
largest trade volumes are often generated by high technology, such as electronics, which 
are  high-value  products.  It  should  be  noted  that  in  2015,  only  ___%5  of  total  imports 
into  the  EU  was  affected  by  anti-dumping  or  anti-subsidy  measures.  Table  1  below 
provides statistical information on the new investigations for the years 2011 – 2015. 

TABLE 1 

Anti-dumping and anti-subsidy new investigations 
during the period 1 January 2011 - 31 December 20156 

Investigations in progress at the beginning of the 
period 
Investigations initiated during the period 
Investigations in progress during the period 
Investigations concluded : 
- 
of undertakings 
- 
Total investigations concluded during the period 
Investigations in progress at the end of period 
Provisional measures imposed during the period 

terminations7 

imposition of definitive duty or acceptance 

2011 
24 

2012 
21 

2013 
28 

2014 
11 

2015 
20 

21 
45 

13 

11 
24 
21 
10 

19 
40 

3 

9 
12 
28 
9 

9 
37 

15 

11 
26 
11 
6 

16 
27 

3 

4 
7 
20 
2 

14 
34 

11 

3 
14 
20 
10 

3.2. 

Review investigations 

Anti-dumping measures, including price undertakings, may be subject, under the basic 
anti-dumping  Regulation,  to  five  different  types  of  reviews:  expiry  reviews  (Article 

4 
5 
6 

7 

EN 

initiation  of  a  case  concerning  several  countries 

The measures are counted per product and country concerned. 
Source Comext. 
The 
investigations/proceedings per country involved. 
Investigations  might  be  terminated  for  reasons  such  as  the  withdrawal  of  the  complaint,  de 
minimis dumping or injury, etc. 

is  accounted  as  separate 

15 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
11(2)),  interim  reviews  (Article  11(3)),  newcomer  investigations  (Article  11(4)), 
absorption investigations (Article 12) and circumvention investigations (Article 13).  

Also anti-subsidy measures may be subject, under the basic anti-subsidy Regulation, to 
five different types of reviews: expiry reviews (Article 18), interim reviews (Article 19), 
absorption  investigations  (Article  19(3)),  accelerated  reviews  (Article  20)  and 
circumvention investigations (Article 23). 

These reviews continue to represent a major part of the work of the Commission's TDI 
services.  In  the  period  from  2011  to  2015,  a  total  of  152  review  investigations  were 
initiated. These review investigations represented 66% of all investigations initiated in 
that period.  

In  2015,  33  reviews  were  initiated.  These  comprised  13  expiry  reviews,  11  interim 
reviews,  one  newcomer  reviews,  one  'other'  review,    and  seven  anti-circumvention 
investigations. 

An  overview  of  the  review  investigations  in  2015  can  be  found  in  Annexes  F  to  K. 
Table 2 provides statistical information for the years 2011 – 2015. 

TABLE 2 

Reviews of anti-dumping and anti-subsidy investigations 
during the period 1 January 2011 - 31 December 20158 

2011 

2012 

2013 

2014 

2015 

34 

24 

58 

37 

21 

21 

37 

58 

32 

26 

26 

36 

62 

39 

23 

23 

22 

45 

27 

18 

18 

33 

51 

36 

15 

Reviews in progress at the beginning of the period 

Reviews initiated during the period 

Reviews in progress during the period 

Total reviews concluded during the period9 

Reviews in progress at the end of the period 

4. 

OVERVIEW OF ACTIVITIES IN 2015 

4.1. 

New investigations 

4.1.1. 

Initiations 

In  2015,  12  new  anti-dumping  investigations  and  two  new  anti-subsidy  investigations 
were  initiated.    There  was  no  safeguard  investigation  initiated.  The  anti-dumping 
investigations involved seven different products from eight different countries. The anti-
subsidy  investigations  involve  two  products  from  two  different  countries.  Details  of 
these  investigations  are  given  in  Annex  A.  The  country  most  affected  by  the  anti-
dumping investigations is China with six investigations. The anti-subsidy nvestigations 

8 

9 

EN 

initiation  of  a  case  concerning  several  countries 

The 
investigations/proceedings per country involved. 
Investigations  which  were  conducted  and  concluded  under  the  specific  provisions  of  the 
Regulation  imposing  the  original  measures  are  not  counted  as  there  was  no  publication  of  the 
initiation. 

is  accounted  as  separate 

16 

   EN 

 
 
                                                 
concerned Turkey and India. The main sector concerned by these new cases is Iron and 
steel.  

In the five-year period from 2011 to 2015, 79 investigations were initiated on imports 
from 20 countries. The sectors concerned by the investigations are iron and steel – 33 
investigations, chemical and allied – 20 investigations, other - 15 investigations, other 
metals  –  four  investigations,  textiles  and  allied    -  three  investigations  and  electronics 
and other mechanical engineering two investigations each. A breakdown of the product 
sectors is given in Annex B(A). 

The breakdown of the countries concerned by initiations during the period from 2011 to 
2015  include  China    -    33  investigations,  India    -  10,  Turkey    -  five,  Indonesia  and 
Russia    -  four  each,  Thailand  four,  USA  and  Taiwan    -  three  each,  Argentina,  Oman, 
Saudi  Arabia    -  two  each  and  Belarus,  Brazil,  Georgia,  Japan,  Kazakhstan,  Korea, 
F.Y.R.O.M.,  Mexico,  Thailand,  Ukraine  and  Vietnam  -  one  each.  A  table  showing  all 
the investigations initiated over the last five years broken down by country of export is 
at Annex B(B). 

The list of cases initiated in 2015 can be found below, together with the names of the 
complainants.  More  information  can  be  obtained  from  the  Official  Journal  to  which 
reference is given in Annex A. 

Country of origin 
P.R. China 

Complainant 
Eurofer 

Product – Type of investigation (AD or AS) 
High fatigue performance steel concrete 
reinforcement bars - AD 
Cold-rolled flat steel products - AD 

Aspartame - AD 

Sodium cyclamate10 - AD 

Ceramic foam filters -AD 

P.R. China 
Russia 
P.R. China 

P.R. China 

P.R. China 

Stainless steel tube and pipe butt-welding fittings 
-AD 

P.R. China 
Taiwan 

Manganese oxides - AD 

Tubes and pipes of ductile cast iron  - AS 

Brazil 
Georgia 
India 
Mexico 
India 

European sea bass and gilthead sea bream - AS 

Turkey 

Eurofer 

Ajinomoto Sweeteners 
Europe SAS 

Productos Aditivos SA 

Vesuvius GmbH 

Defence Committee of 
the Stainless Steel Butt-
welding Fittings 
Industry of the 
European Union 
Eurachem Comilog 
SPRL 

Saint-Gobain PAM 
Saint-Gobain PAM 
Deutschland GmbH 
Saint-Gobain PAM 
España SA 
APROMAR 
(Asociación Empresarial 
de Productores de 

10 (limited to two Chinese exporting producers Fang Da Food Additive (Shen Zhen) Limited and Fang Da 

Food Additive (Yang Quan) Limited) 

EN 

17 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
4.1.2.  Provisional measures 

In  2015,  provisional  duties  were  imposed  in  10  anti-dumping  investigation  and  no 
provisisonal measures imposed in anti-subsidy investigations.  

The list of cases where provisional measures were imposed during 2015 can be found 
below, together with the measure(s) imposed. More information can be obtained from 
the Official Journal to which reference is given in Annex C. 

Cultivos Marinos) 

Product 
Stainless steel cold-rolled flat 
products 

Originating from 
P.R. China 

Taiwan 

Grain-oriented flat-rolled 
products of silicon-electrical steel 

P.R. China 
Japan 

Korea, Rep. of 
Russia 
USA 

Acesulfame Potassium (ACE-K) 

P.R. China 

Aluminium foil in big rolls 
Tubes and pipes of ductile cast 
iron 

Russia 
India 

4.1.3.  Definitive measures 

Type 11 and level of measure  
AD:  Individual duties ranging 
from 24.3% - 25.2% .Residual 
duty 25.2% 
AD: Individual duties ranging 
from 10.9% - 12%.  Residual 
duty 12% 
AD: Residual duty 28.7% 
AD: Individual duties ranging 
from  34.2% - 35.9% Residual 
duty 35.9% 
AD: Residual duty 22.8% 
AD: Residual duty 21.6%  
AD: Residual duty 22% 

AD: Residual duty  ranging 
from €1.23 - €3.19 per kg 
Residual duty €3.09per kg 
AD: 12.2% 

AD:15.3% - 31.2% 

During  2015, definitive  duties were imposed in 10 anti-dumping investigations  and in 
one  anti-subsidy  investigations.  The  list  of  cases  where  definitive  measures  were 
imposed during 2015 can be found below, together with the measure(s) imposed. More 
information  can  be  obtained  from  the  Official  Journal  to  which  reference  is  given  in 
Annex D.  

Product 

Originating from 

Type12 and level of measure  

Monosodium glutamate 

Indonesia 

Stainless steel cold-rolled 
flat products 

P.R. China 
Taiwan 

Individual AD Duties ranging 
7,2% - 13,3% 

Residual duty 28,4% 

PRC : Individual AD Duties 

11 
12 

AD = anti-dumping duty, CVD = countervailing duty, UT = undertaking. 
AD = anti-dumping duty, CVD = countervailing duty, UT = undertaking. 

EN 

18 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
Grain-oriented flat-rolled 
products of silicon-electrical 
steel 

P.R. China 
Japan 
Korea (Rep. of) 
Russia 
USA 

Acesulfame Potassium 
(ACE-K) 

P.R. China 

Aluminium foil in big rolls 

Russia 

Rainbow trout 

Turkey 

ranging 24,4% - 24,6%; 
Taiwan: Individual duty 0%; 
Residual duty 17,1% 

PRC: Individual AD Duties 
ranging 21,5% – 36,6% 
Residual duty 36,6% 
Japan: Individual AD Duties 
ranging 35,9% – 39% Residual 
duty 39% 
Korea (Rep. of): Individual and 
residual AD Duties 22,5% 
Russia: Individual and residual 
AD Duties 21,6% 
USA: Individual and residual 
AD Duties 22% 

Individual AD Duties ranging 
€2,64 - €4,47 per kg 

Residual duty €4,58 per kg 

Residual AD duty 12,2% 

Individual CVD Duty ranging 
6,7% - 9,5%; 

Residual duty 9,5% 

4.1.4.  Details on individual cases  

Stainless steel cold-rolled flat products (PRC and Taiwan) 

In  June  2014,  the  Commission  initiated  an  anti-dumping  investigation  on  imports  of 
Stainless  steel  cold-rolled  flat  products  (SSCR)  originating  in  the  PRC  and  Taiwan, 
following a complaint lodged by Eurofer, on behalf of producers representing more than 
50% of total Union production of SSCR. In August 2014, the Commission initiated an 
anti-subsidy investigation with regard to imports into the Union of SSCR originating in 
the PRC. In December 2014, the Commission, following a request by the complainant, 
made imports of SSCR originating in the PRC and Taiwan subject to registration. 

Product concerned and investigation period (IP) 

The product concerned is flat-rolled products of stainless steel, not further worked than 
cold-rolled (cold-reduced) originating in the PRC and Taiwan, currently falling within 
CN codes 7219 31 00, 7219 32 10, 7219 32 90, 7219 33 10, 7219 33 90, 7219 34 10, 
7219 34 90, 7219 35 10, 7219 35 90, 7220 20 21, 7220 20 29, 7220 20 41, 7220 20 49, 
7220 20 81 and 7220 20 89. The investigation of dumping and injury covered the period 

EN 

19 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2013 and for the assessment of injury covered the 
period from 1 January 2010 to the end of the investigation period. 

Sampling 

The Commission selected a sample of four Union producers. Regarding importers, the 
Commission  selected  a  sample  of  four  importers  based  on  the  level  of  volume  of 
imports  into  the  Union.  Lastly,  the  Commission  selected  three  Taiwanese  exporting 
producers,  and  four  Chinese  exporting  producers,  as  a  representative  sample  of  the 
exporting producers in Taiwan and in the PRC respectively. One exporting producer in 
Taiwan requested and was granted an individual examination under Article 17(3) of the 
basic Regulation. 

Dumping  

Regarding  the  PRC,  none  of  the  exporting  producers  claimed  Market  Economy 
Treatment  (MET)  pursuant  to  Article  2(7)(b)  of  the  basic  Regulation.  Thus,  normal 
value  for  the  PRC  was  determined  on  the  basis  of  the  price  or  constructed  value  in  a 
market economy third country, namely the USA, in accordance with Article 2(7)(a) of 
the basic Regulation. The Commission then compared the normal value and the export 
price on an ex-works basis. Adjustments were made where appropriate to ensure a fair 
comparison  in  accordance  with  Article  2(10)  of  the  basic  Regulation.  The  resulting 
dumping  margins  ranged  between  42,2%  and  50,2%.    Regarding  Taiwan,  the  normal 
value was calculated pursuant articles 2(1) to 2(6) of the basic Regulation. The export 
price was established on the basis of prices actually paid or payable, in accordance with 
Article 2(8) of the basic Regulation. The Commission then compared the normal value 
and  the  export  price  on  an  ex-works  basis.  The  resulting  dumping  margins  ranged 
between 0% and 6,8%. 

Injury and causation 

Most of the injury indicators of the Union industry showed a negative trend during the 
period considered. Production volume decreased (by 5%), leading to a decrease in the 
capacity utilisation by 8%. Stable sales volumes in a growing market led to a decrease 
of market share of 5%. Employment decreased by 11% while labour cost increased by 
8%.  Investments  decreased  by  17%  while  return  on  investments  remained  negative 
throughout  the  period  considered  and  showed  a  worsening  trend.  On  the  other  hand, 
production capacity and productivity, showed a slightly positive trend. In any event, this 
increase  in  production  capacity  is  in  line  with  the  increase  of  consumption  during  the 
period  considered.  The  rising  productivity  was  a  consequence  of  the  reduction  of 
number  of  employees.  The  Commission  concluded  that  the  Union  industry  suffered 
material injury within the meaning of Article 3(5) of the basic Regulation. 

The  Commission  then  examined  whether  the  dumped  imports  from  the  countries 
concerned caused material injury to the Union industry. The Commission also analysed 
whether  other  known  factors  could  at  the  same  time  have  injured  the  Union  industry. 
The  low-priced  dumped  imports  from  the  countries  concerned  increased  both  in 
absolute and relative terms compared to the consumption in the Union, at the time when 
the  most  of  the  injury  factors  of  the  Union  industry  (production,  capacity  utilisation, 
market share, employment, sales prices, labour cost, profitability, investments, return on 
investments) deteriorated. The dumped imports from the countries concerned undercut 
the Union industry prices by 9,6 % — 11,3 % during the investigation period. In light of 
this,  the  Commission  concluded  that  the  material  injury  to  the  Union  industry  was 

EN 

20 

   EN 

 
caused  by  the  dumped  imports  from  the  countries  concerned  and  that  other  factors 
considered individually did not break the causal link. 

Union interest and definitive measures 

The  Commission  examined  whether  it  could  clearly  conclude  that  it  was  not  in  the 
Union  interest  to  adopt  measures  in  this  case,  despite  the  determination  of  injurious 
dumping.  The  investigation  analysed  the  interest  of  the  Union  industry,  importers, 
distributors, users and assessed potential competition policy issues.  

The  majority  of  the  Union  industry  supported  the  imposition  of  measures  while  the 
largest  Union  producer  (Outokumpu)  remained  silent.  Importers  and  distributors 
(including  steel  service  centres)  were  very  active  in  this  investigation  expressing 
opposition  to the imposition  of measures arguing that their possible sources of supply 
would be limited by the imposition of measures. However, the investigation found that 
all importers and distributors buy from multiple sources including the Union industry, 
the countries concerned and other third and would continue to have a choice of sources 
of  supply.    A  number  of  exporting  producers  and  distributors  expressed  concerns 
regarding  possible  negative  effects  of  measures  on  users.  However,  users  themselves 
did  not  share  these  concerns  and  the  degree  of  participation  of  users  in  this  case 
remained very low. The German metalworking trade union (IG Metall) came forward in 
support of the measures expressing concerns about the negative impact of the dumped 
imports on the state of the Union industry. This trade union also represents workers in 
important user industries such as automotive and white goods.  

As a result the investigation concluded that there were no compelling reasons that it was 
not  in  the  Union  interest  to  impose  measures  on  imports  of  the  product  concerned 
originating in the PRC and Taiwan. Consequently, the Commission imposed a definitive 
anti-dumping duty ranging from 24,4% to 25,3% for imports of SSCR originating in the 
PRC, and ranging from 0% to 6,8% for imports of SSCR originating in Taiwan.    

Grain-oriented  flat-rolled  products  of  silicon-electrical  steel  (GOES)  from  Japan, 
the PRC, Rep. of Korea, Russia and the USA 

In  August  2014,  the  Commission  initiated  an  anti-dumping  investigation  regarding 
imports  into  the  Union  of  grain-oriented  flat-rolled  products  of  silicon-electrical  steel 
originating  in  the  PRC,  Japan,  the  Republic  of  Korea,  Russia  and  the  USA.  The 
proceeding  was  initiated  following  a  complaint  lodged  by  Eurofer  on  behalf  of 
producers representing the whole Union production of GOES.  

Product concerned and investigation period (IP) 

The product concerned is grain-oriented flat-rolled products of silicon-electrical steel, of 
a thickness of more than 0,16 mm falling within CN codes ex 7225 11 00 and ex 7226 
11 00 (‘the product concerned’). The investigation of dumping and injury covered the 
period  from  1  July  2013  to  30  June  2014  while  the  assessment  of  injury  covered  the 
period from 1 January 2011 to the end of the investigation period. 

Sampling 

No  sampling  was  necessary  for  the  Union  producers,  since  the  known  (six)  Union 
producers represented 100 % of the total Union production of the like product. Due to 
the low number of exporting producers and importers that came forward, sampling was 
not necessary in this investigation.  

Dumping 

EN 

21 

   EN 

 
For  Japan,  Korea,  Russia  and  the  USA,  the  Commission  calculated  the  normal  value 
pursuant to articles 2(1) to 2(6) of the basic regulation, as appropriate. As regards export 
price,  the  Commission  used,  where  appropriate,  the  export  prices  actually  paid  or 
payable,  in  accordance  with  Article  2(8)  of  the  basic  Regulation.  Where  this  was  not 
possible,  the  Commission  established  that  this  price  was  unreliable  under  the 
circumstances of article 2(9) of the basic Regulation and constructed the export price.  

Regarding  the  PRC,  no  MET  claims  were  received  from  any  Chinese  exporting 
producer. Consequently, the normal value for Chinese imports was based on article the 
price or constructed value in an analogue country, namely Korea, in accordance with the 
basic regulation. The export price was established on the basis of the price at which the 
imported product was first resold to independent customers in the Union, in accordance 
with Article 2(9) of the basic Regulation. The Commission compared the normal value 
and  the  export  price  of  the  exporting  producers  of  the  countries  concerned  on  an  ex-
works basis. Where justified by the need to ensure a fair comparison, the Commission 
made  the  necessary  adjustments  in  accordance  with  Article  2(10)  of  the  basic 
Regulation. The resulting dumping margins established in the investigation were: 22,5% 
for  Korea,  between  21,5%  and  54,9%  for  the  PRC,  between  47,1%  and  52,2%  for 
Japan, 29% for Russia and 60,1% for the USA. 

Injury and causation 

The  economic  situation  of  the  Union  Industry  deteriorated  significantly  during  the 
period  considered:  Losses  went  from  –  0,8%  in  2011  to  –  22,3%  during  the  IP. 
Compared to 2010, the fall in profits was even more dramatic since the Union industry 
was  still  able  to  achieve  profits  amounting  to  14%  during  the  year  2010.  Moreover, 
sales  volumes  on  the  Union  market  decreased  by  11,4%,  sales  unit  prices  dropped  by 
26,5%,  production  decreased  by  17,2%,  and  the  production  capacity  utilisation  went 
down by 15%. Furthermore, employment was reduced by 9%. As a consequence, losses 
reached  a  level  which  is  no  longer  sustainable.  In  the  particular  circumstances  of  this 
case, where exporting producers were, in general, not undercutting the Union industry, 
the crucial factor for the determination of injury is that the Union producers were forced 
to sell below costs because a significant part of the exporting producers not only sold at 
dumped prices but even below costs, thus exerting significant pressure on sales prices of 
the Union industry. Due to the losses incurred during the period considered as a result of 
the factors described above, the other indicators such as cash flow, return on investment 
followed  the  same  downward  trend  as  the  profitability  indicator.  On  this  basis,  the 
Commission concluded that the Union industry suffered material injury, showed by all 
main injury indicators, within the meaning of Article 3(5) of the basic Regulation.  

The  Commission  then  determined  that  the  dumped  imports  from  the  countries 
concerned  caused  material  injury  to  the  Union  industry.  In  addition,  the  Commission 
also  examined  whether  other  known  factors  could  at  the  same  time  have  injured  the 
Union  industry.  These  factors  were:  (i)  the  economic  crisis;  (ii)  alleged  lack  of 
competitiveness  of  Union  industry;  (iii)  imports  from  third  countries;  (iv)  export 
performance  of  Union  industry;  (v)  alleged  overcapacity  of  EU  steel  industry;  (vi) 
difference in grade of the Russian GOES. The Commission concluded that the material 
injury  to  the  Union  industry  was  caused  by  the  dumped  imports  from  the  countries 
concerned  and  that  the  other  factors,  considered  individually  or  collectively,  did  not 
break the causal link. 

Union interest and definitive measures 

EN 

22 

   EN 

 
The  Commission  examined  whether  it  could  clearly  conclude  that  it  was  not  in  the 
Union  interest  to  adopt  measures  in  this  case,  despite  the  determination  of  injurious 
dumping.  To  this  end,  the  Commission  assessed  the  interest  of:  the  Union  industry, 
unrelated  importers,  users,  as  well  as  other  elements  such  as  the  impact  on  the 
"EcoDesign  Directive"  (applicable  to  energy  related  products).  The  Commission 
concluded  that  definitive  measures  would  allow  the  Union  producers  to  return  to 
sustainable  profit  levels.  If  no  measures  were  imposed,  it  was  uncertain  whether  the 
Union industry would be able to make the necessary investments to develop further its 
high-permeability types of the like product which are both demanded by the users and 
genuinely  needed  to  make  transformers  EcoDesign-compliant.  Thus,  on  balance,  the 
Commission  concluded  that  there  were  no  compelling  reasons  that  it  was  not  in  the 
Union  interest  to  impose  measures  on  imports  of  GOES  originating  in  the  countries 
concerned. 

Nevertheless, in view of certain post-IP developments and to limit any possible serious 
impact on the users that are heavily dependent on the supply of the product concerned, 
in  particular  of  the  top  end  high  permeability  types,  the  Commission  considered  it  in 
line with the Union interest to change the form of the measures and not to impose ad 
valorem  duties  but  instead  variable  duties.  Consequently,  the  Commission  imposed  a 
Minimum  Import  Price  (MIP),  on  imports  of  GOES  from  the  countries  concerned 
ranging from EUR 1,536 to EUR 2,043 depending on the product range. In addition, the 
Commission considered that, in the specific circumstances of the case, collection of the 
provisional duties, that took a different form from the definitive duties, would not be in 
line with the Union interest, given that prices during this period were generally above 
those of the established MIPs.  

Acesulfame Potassium (ACE-K) PRC 

In September 2014, the Commission initiated an anti-dumping investigation with regard 
to  imports  into  the  Union  of  acesulfame  potassium  originating  in  the  PRC  as  well  as 
acesulfame  potassium  originating  in  the  PRC  contained  in  certain  preparations  and/or 
mixtures.  The  investigation  was  initiated  following  a  complaint  lodged  by  Nutrinova 
Nutrition  Specialties  &  Food  Ingredients  GmbH,  the  sole  producer  of  acesulfame 
potassium (or ‘Ace-K’) in the Union.  

Product concerned and IP 

The  product  concerned  is  acesulfame  potassium  (potassium  salt  of  6-methyl-1,2,3-
oxathiazin-4(3H)-one  2,2-dioxide;  CAS  RN  55589-62-3)  falling  within  CN  codes  ex 
2106 90 92, ex 2106 90 98, ex 2934 99 90 (TARIC code 2934 99 90 21), ex 3824 90 92, 
ex 3824 90 93 and ex 3824 90 96. The investigation of dumping and injury covered the 
period  from  1  July  2013  to  30  June  2014  while  the  assessment  of  injury  covered  the 
period from 1 January 2011 to the end of the investigation period. 

Dumping 

None  of  the  three  cooperating  exporting  producers  submitted  an  MET  claim  and 
therefore  their  domestic  sales  prices  or  cost  of  production  could  not  be  used  for 
establishing normal value. During the investigation period, Ace-K was produced only in 
the  PRC  and  the  Union.  The  normal  value  could  not  therefore  be  determined  on  the 
basis of the price or constructed value in a market economy third country, or the price 
from  such  a  third  country  to  other  countries,  including  the  Union.  Consequently, 
pursuant to Article 2(7)(a) of the basic Regulation, normal value had to be determined 
on ‘any other reasonable basis’. The sales by the Union producer of those product types 

EN 

23 

   EN 

 
matching  with  those  sold  in  the  Union  market  by  the  Chinese  cooperating  producers 
during  the  investigation  period  were  identified.  The  sales  of  the  Union  producer  to 
independent  customers  were  found  representative  and  were  profitable.  Their  average 
Union  sales  price  served  as  the  normal  value.  The  cooperating  exporting  producers 
exported  to  the  Union  directly  to  independent  customers.  Therefore,  the  export  price 
was the price actually paid or payable for the product concerned when sold for export to 
the Union, in accordance with Article 2(8) of the basic Regulation.  

The  Commission  then  compared  the  normal  value  and  the  export  price  of  the 
cooperating  exporting  producers  on  an  ex-works  basis.  Where  justified  in  order  to 
ensure a fair comparison, the Commission adjusted the normal value and/or the export 
price for differences affecting prices and price comparability, in accordance with Article 
2(10)  of  the  basic  Regulation.  In  particular,  the  Commission  made  an  adjustment  for 
differences  in  level  of  trade  as  it  was  established  that  the  sole  Union  producer  sold 
mainly to users while the Chinese producers sold mainly to traders. Secondly, based on 
several submissions an adjustment was made for the quality difference and the market 
perception of that difference between the Chinese Ace-K and the Union producer's Ace-
K.  In  addition,  the  normal  value  was  adjusted  for  certain  exceptional  research  and 
development  (R  &  D)  as  well  as  marketing  expenses  incurred  by  the  Union  producer 
during  the  investigation  period.  The  dumping  margins  found  ranged  from  64%  to 
135.6%.  

Injury and causation 

Significant  negative  trends  were  observed  in  the  following  economic  indicators: 
production,  capacity  utilisation,  market  share,  employment,  sales  volume  and  sales 
prices  on  the  Union  market.  Stocks  (as  percentage  of  production)  increased  although 
they decreased in absolute terms. The impact of consistently decreasing sales prices in 
combination with overall decreasing sales volumes have been substantial, leading to a 
considerable  drop  in  market  share,  profitability,  return  on  investment  and  cash  flow. 
The fact that the Union market is dominated by large players in the food and beverage 
sector and that such business is conducted through annual contracts means that in this 
sector  the  Union  industry  is  particularly  sensitive  to  falls  in  sales  volumes  and  prices 
even if these falls concern a small number of customers. Productivity on the other hand 
improved. However, the development was a consequence of a reduction in the number 
of employees due to the decrease in demand and, consequently, production, which made 
some  of  the  workers  redundant.  Therefore,  under  these  circumstances  the  increase  in 
productivity  cannot  be  considered  a  positive  element.  Union  consumption  has  also 
increased. However the Union industry was not able to benefit from it due to the fall in 
both  sales  volume  and  sales  prices  mentioned  above.  On  this  basis,  the  Commission 
concluded that the Union industry suffered material injury within the meaning of Article 
3(5) of the basic Regulation.  

Regarding causation, the Commission examined whether the dumped imports from the 
country  concerned  caused  material  injury  to  the  Union  industry.  In  accordance  with 
Article  3(7)  of  the  basic  Regulation,  the  Commission  also  examined  whether  other 
known factors could at the same time have injured the Union industry. The Commission 
ensured that any possible injury caused by factors other than the dumped imports from 
the country concerned was not attributed to the dumped imports. These factors are: (a) 
the  performance  of  the  Union  industry  on  export  markets,  (b)  the  loss  of  patent 
protection  and  (c)  the  business  strategy  of  the  Union  industry.  The  investigation 
confirmed that the dumped imports from the PRC caused material injury to the Union 

EN 

24 

   EN 

 
industry  within  the  meaning  of  Article  3(6)  of  the  basic  Regulation  and  that  other 
factors did not break the causal link between the dumped imports from the PRC and the 
injury suffered by the Union industry. 

Union interest and definitive measures 

The  Commission  examined  whether  it  could  clearly  conclude  that  it  was  not  in  the 
Union  interest  to  adopt  measures  in  this  case,  despite  the  determination  of  injurious 
dumping.  The  analysis  of  the  Union  interest  was  based  on  an  appreciation  of  all  the 
various  interests  involved,  including  those  of  the  Union  industry,  unrelated  importers 
and  users.  The  imposition  of  anti-dumping  measures  can  be  expected  to  enable  the 
Union  industry  to  stay  in  the  market  and  following  that  to  improve  its  situation.  The 
investigation established that there was a high risk that should measures not be imposed, 
the Union industry would have to consider withdrawing from the Ace-K business in the 
medium term, resulting in inevitable job losses. This would create a monopoly for the 
Chinese exporting producers, whose number is also likely to decrease. While having a 
possible minor impact on importers, this would be detrimental to the end users of Ace-
K, some of which have underlined the importance of maintaining a source of supply in 
the  Union.  On  the  basis  of  the  above,  the  Commission  concluded  that  there  were  no 
compelling reasons that it was not in the Union interest to impose measures on imports 
of  Ace-K  originating  in  the  PRC.  Accordingly,  the  Commission  imposed  a  definitive 
anti-dumping duty ranging from 49.7% to 126% on imports of Ace-K originating in the 
PRC.  

Rainbow Trout (Turkey) 

In February 2014 the Commission initiated an anti-subsidy investigation concerning the 
imports into the Union of certain rainbow trout originating in Turkey. The investigation 
was initiated following a complaint by the Danish Aquaculture Association, on behalf 
of  producers  representing  more  than  25%  of  the  total  Union  production  of  rainbow 
trout.  

The  Commission  notified  the  Government  of  Turkey  (GOT)  prior  to  initiation  and 
invited the GOT for consultations with the aim of clarifying the situation as regards the 
contents  of  the  complaint  and  arriving  at  a  mutually  agreed  solution.  Consultations 
between  the  Commission  and  the  GOT  were  subsequently  held.  During  the 
consultations, no mutually agreed solution could be found. In parallel to the anti-subsidy 
investigation, the Commission initiated an anti-dumping investigation. 

Product concerned and IP 

The product concerned is rainbow trout falling within the CN codes ex 0301 91 90, ex 
0302  11  80,  ex  0303  14  90,  ex  0304  42  90,  ex  0304  82  90  and  ex  0305  43  00.  The 
investigation  of  subsidy  and  injury  covered  the  period  from  1  January  2013  to  31 
December 2013 while the assessment of injury covered the period from 1 January 2010 
to the end of the investigation period. 

Sampling 

Regarding  Union  industry,  the  sample  consisted  of  nine  Union  producers,  accounting 
for more than 12% of the total Union production. Due to the highly-fragmented nature 
of  the  industry  (with  more  than  700  producers),  the  sample  was  considered 
representative of the Union industry. As regards exporting producers, the Commission 
selected  a  sample  of  four  groups  of  exporting  producers  on  the  basis  of  the  largest 
representative volume of exports to the Union which could reasonably be investigated 

EN 

25 

   EN 

 
within the time available, considering also the geographical spread. The sampled group 
of  companies  account  for  almost  64%  of  the  declared  export  sales  to  the  Union.  All 
known  exporting  producers  concerned,  and  the  Turkish  authorities  were  consulted  on 
the  selection  of  the  sample.    The  Commission  rejected  eleven  requests  for  individual 
examination  as  being  unduly  burdensome  and  posing  a  risk  to  the  completion  of  the 
investigation within the deadlines. 

Subsidy 

The  Commission  investigated  the  following  schemes  that  allegedly  involved  the 
granting  of  subsidies  to  the  aquaculture  industry  in  Turkey:  (i)  State  support  to 
investments in the aquaculture sector (e.g. customs duty exemptions, VAT exemption, 
Tax reduction); (ii) Direct subsidies granted to producers of trout; (iii) Subsidised loans 
and  insurance  for  trout  producers;  (iv)  Subsidies  for  consultancy;  (v)  Subsidies  for 
fishing  vessels;  (vi)  Other  subsidies  and  other  subsidy  programmes.  The  Commission 
calculated the amounts of countervailable subsidies in accordance with the provisions of 
the basic Regulation for the investigated companies scheme by scheme, and added these 
figures together to calculate a total subsidy amount for each group for the investigation 
period.  As a result of the investigation, the Commission established a subsidy margin 
ranging from 6.7% to 9.5%. To calculate the overall subsidy margins, the Commission 
first  calculated  the  percentage  subsidisation,  being  the  subsidy  amount  over  total 
company turnover. This percentage was then used to calculate the subsidy allocated to 
exports of the product concerned to the Union during the investigation  period.  On the 
basis of the subsidy amount per whole fish equivalent of product concerned exported to 
the  Union  during  the  investigation  period,  the  subsidy  margins  were  expressed  as  a 
percentage of the CIF value of the same exports. 

Injury and causation 

Most injury indicators showed negative trends. The Union industry suffered a decline in 
profitability,  cash  flow  and  return  on  investments.  At  the  same  time,  the  production 
volume,  production  capacity,  employment  and  market  shares  were  reduced  under  the 
pressure of the subsidised imports. Over the period considered, imports of the product 
concerned  gained  market  share  and  they  were  found  to  undercut  the  Union  industry 
prices  on  the  Union  market.  As  regards  the  unit  sales  prices  the  increase  was  due  to 
increased production cost. However, this increase did not compensate the full increase 
of unit cost, thus turning profitability to negative in 2012. The Union industry's increase 
in average labour cost per employee was below the general increase in labour cost and 
the  inflation  rate  in  the  Union.  The  Union  industry  had  to  reduce  its  number  of 
employees which resulted in an increase in productivity per employee. The increase of 
investments  was  mainly  linked  to  the  acquisition  of  production  facilities  from 
discontinued companies and consolidation and not to replacement of existing assets or 
the  acquisition  of  new  equipment.  Certain  injury  indicators,  such  as  unit  sales  price, 
average labour cost per employee, productivity and investments, developed positively. 
The Commission concluded that the Union industry suffered material injury within the 
meaning of Article 8(4) of the basic Regulation.  

The  Commission  then  examined  whether  other  known  factors  could  at  the  same  time 
have  injured  the  Union  industry.  The  Commission  ensured  that  any  possible  injury 
caused by factors other than the subsidised imports from the country concerned was not 
attributed  to  the  subsidised  imports.  These  factors  are:  (a)  Imports  of  other  third 
countries  (b)  Export  performance  of  the  Union  industry  (c)  Development  of 
consumption (d) Competition with other fish species (e) Administrative and regulatory 

EN 

26 

   EN 

 
burdens, geographical limitations (f) Price pressure exerted by large retailers (g) Over-
investments,  financial  expenses,  exchange  rate  fluctuations  and  extra-ordinary  losses 
linked  to  litigations.  The  Commission  concluded  that  the  material  injury  to  the  Union 
industry was caused by the subsidised imports from the country concerned and that no 
other factors could break that causal link.  

Union interest and definitive measures 

In  accordance  with  Article  31  of  the  basic  Regulation,  the  Commission  examined 
whether it could clearly conclude that it was not in the Union interest to adopt measures 
in this case, despite the determination of injurious subsidisation. The determination of 
the  Union  interest  was  based  on  an  appreciation  of  all  the  various  interests  involved, 
including those of the Union industry, importers and users.  

The investigation established that the Union industry suffered material injury caused by 
subsidised imports from Turkey and that the imposition of measures would restore fair 
competition  on  the  market.  The  investigation  found  that  the  Union  industry's 
downwards trend in financial performance indicators was the result of the difficulty in 
competing  with  the  subsidised  imports  from  the  country  concerned.  Therefore  the 
imposition of countervailing duties would allow the Union industry increase its prices to 
cover the cost of production and thus increase its market share, employment, production 
and  improve  its  financial  performance  indicators  such  as  profitability,  cash  flow  and 
return  on  investments.  It  was  considered  that  if  measures  were  not  imposed,  the  price 
pressure from Turkish imports would be likely to continue with further negative effects 
on  the  profitability  of  the  Union  industry.  This  further  decline  in  performance  would 
ultimately  lead  to  further  cuts  in  production  and  more  closures  of  production  sites, 
which would therefore threaten employment and investments in the Union.  

As a result the investigation concluded that that there were no compelling reasons that it 
was not in the Union interest to impose measures on imports of the product concerned 
from Turkey. Consequently, the Commission imposed a definitive countervailing duty 
in the range of 6.7% to 9.5%. 

4.1.5. 

Investigations terminated without measures 

In  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the  respective  basic  Regulations,  investigations 
may be terminated without the imposition of measures if a complaint is withdrawn or if 
measures  are  unnecessary  (i.e.  no  dumping/no  subsidies,  no  injury  resulting  from 
dumped  or  subsidised  imports,  measures  not  in  the  interest  of  the  Union).    In  2015, 
three  new  proceedings  (two  anti-dumping  and  one  anti-subsidy)  were  terminated 
without measures, compared to four in 2014 and 11 in 2013.  

The list of cases which were terminated without the imposition of measures during 2015 
can be found in the following table. More information can be obtained from the Official 
Journal to which reference is given in Annex E. 

Product (type of 
investigation13) 

Rainbow trout  (AD) 
Certain aluminium foils 
("converter foils") (AD) 

Originating from 

Main reason for termination 

Turkey 
P.R. China 

Withdrawal of complaint 

Withdrawal of complaint  

13 

AD  =  anti-dumping  investigation;  AS  =  anti-subsidy  investigation,  AD  +  AS  =  parallel  anti-
dumping and anti-subsidy investigation. 

EN 

27 

   EN 

 
 
                                                 
Stainless steel cold-rolled flat 
products (AS) 

P.R. China 

Withdrawal of complaint 

4.1.6.  Details on some individual cases 

Rainbow trout from Turkey (AD) 

In February 2014 the Commission initiated an anti-dumping investigation into imports 
of rainbow trout from Turkey. The investigation was initiated following a complaint by 
the  Danish  Aquaculture  Association,  on  behalf  of  producers  representing  more  than 
25% of the total Union production of rainbow trout. In a letter dated 19 November 2014 
addressed  to  the  Commission,  the  complainant  withdrew  its  complaint.  In  accordance 
with  Article  9(1)  of  the  basic  Regulation,  a  proceeding  may  be  terminated  when  the 
complaint is withdrawn, unless such termination would not be in the Union interest. The 
investigation  did  not  bring  to  light  any  considerations showing that termination of  the 
case would not be in the Union interest. Therefore, the Commission considered that the 
proceeding should be terminated. Interested parties were informed accordingly and were 
given  an  opportunity  to  comment.  However,  no  comments  were  received.  The 
Commission  therefore  terminated  the  anti-dumping  proceeding  concerning  imports  of 
certain rainbow trout originating in Turkey in February 2015.  

4.2. 

Review investigations 

4.2.1.  Expiry reviews 

Article 11(2) and Article 18 of the basic Regulations provide for the expiry of measures 
after five years, unless an expiry review demonstrates that they should be maintained in 
their original form. 

In  2015,  one  anti-dumping  measure  and  three  anti-subsidy  measures  expired 
automatically. The references for these measures are set out in Annex N. 

Since the expiry provision of the basic Regulations came into force in 1985, a total of 
498 measures have expired automatically. 

4.2.1.1.  Initiations 

During 2015, nine expiry reviews were initiated of anti-dumping measures in place and 
none concerning anti-subsidy measures. The list of the expiry reviews initiated in 2015 
can  be  found  in  the  following  table,  together  with  the  name  of  the  complainant.  It 
should  be  noted  that  some  expiry  reviews  may  be  carried  out  in  parallel  with  interim 
reviews.  Where there are interim reviews and expiry reviews ongoing at the same time 
these are indiacted by an asterisk in the table below. More information can be obtained 
from the Official Journal to which reference is given in Annex F. 

Product (type of investigation AD or 
AS) 
Ringbinder mechanisms 

Originating from 

Complainant 

P.R. China 

Ring Alliance Ringbuchtechnik 
GmbH 

Silicon metal (silicon)* 

P.R. China 

Sodium cyclamate 

EN 

P.R. China 
Indonesia 

28 

Comité de Liaison des Industries 
de Ferro-Alliages 
(‘Euroalliages’) 
Productos Aditivos S.A. 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
Molybdenum wires 
Aluminium road wheels 

Sodium gluconate 

P.R. China 
P.R. China 

P.R. China 

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) 

P.R. China 

High tenacity yarn of polyester 

P.R. China 

Solar panels (crystalline silicon 
photovoltaic modules and key 
components) (AD+AS)* 
Graphite electrode systems (AD+AS) 

P.R. China 

India 

Plansee SE 
Association of European Wheels 
Manufacturers (EUWA) 
Jungbunzlauer S.A. 
Roquette Italia S.p.A. 
Committee of Polyethylene 
Terephthalate (PET) 
Manufacturers in Europe 
(C.P.M.E.) 
CIRFS (The European 
Manmade Fibres Association) 
EU ProSun 

SGL Carbon GmbH 
TOKAI Erftcarbon GmbH 
GrafTech Switzerland SA 

4.2.1.2.  Expiry reviews concluded with confirmation of duties 

During  2015,  13  expiry  reviews  were  concluded  with  confirmation  of  the  duties  for  a 
further five years.  

The  list  of  the  cases  which  were  concluded  with  confirmation  of  duty  during  2015, 
together with the result of the investigation, can be found below. More information can 
be obtained from the Official Journal to which reference is given in Annex F. 

Product 

Originating from 

Citric acid 

P.R. China 

Monosodium 
glutamate 

P.R. China 

Welded tubes and 
pipes of iron or non-
alloy steel 

Belarus 
P.R. China 
Russia 

Fasteners, iron or steel  P.R. China 

(extended to Malaysia) 

Result  of  the  investigation/  Type14  and 
level of measure 

Confirmation  of  duty  (AD).  Individual 
duty  rates  ranging  between  15,3%  and 
42,7% Residual 42,7% 

Confirmation 
(AD); 
of 
Individual  duty  rates  ranging  between 
33,8% and 36,5%, Residual 39,7% 

duty 

Confirmation of duty (AD) 
Belarus: 38,1% 
P.R.C.: 90,6% 
Russia  Individual  duty  rates  ranging 
between  10,1%  and  16,8%,  Residual 
20,5%  

Confirmation 
(AD)
of 
Individual duty rates ranging between 0% 
and 69,7%, Residual 74,1% 

duty 

PSC wires and strands  P.R. China 

Confirmation  of  duty  (AD).  Individual 

14 

AD = anti-dumping duty, CVD = countervailing duty, UT = undertaking. 

EN 

29 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
duty rates ranging between 0% and 31,1%  
531,2 EUR tonne, Residual 46,2% 

Biodiesel 

Biodiesel (AS) 

USA 
(extended to Canada) 
USA 
(extended to Canada) 

Confirmation  of  duty  (AD)./  Duty  rate  
€172,2 per tonne   
Confirmation 
(AS) 
of 
Duty  rates  ranging  between  €211,20  and 
€237 per tonne 

duty 

Wire rod 

P.R. China 

Confirmation  of  duty  (AD).  Individual 
duty rates 7,9%, Residual 24% 

Tube and pipe fittings, 
of iron or steel 

P.R. China 

Confirmation 
Duty rate 58,6% 

of 

duty 

(AD)

Seamless pipes and 
tubes of iron or steel 

P.R. China 

Aluminium foil in big 
rolls 

P.R. China 

Confirmation  of  duty  (AD).  Individual 
duty  rates  ranging  between  17,7%  and 
27,2%,  Residual 39,2% 

Confirmation  of  duty  (AD).  Individual 
duty  rates  ranging  between  6,4%  and 
24,2%,  Residual 30% 

4.2.1.3.  Details on some individual cases concluded by confirmation of duty  

Biodiesel from the USA (AD) 

In July 2014 the Commission initiated an expiry review of the anti-dumping measures 
applicable  to  imports  of  biodiesel  from  the  USA  in  place  since  2009.  The  original 
measures were extended to imports consigned from Canada in 2011 following an anti-
circumvention investigation. The investigation was initiated following a request lodged 
by the European Biodiesel Board on behalf of producers representing more than 25 % of 
the total Union production of biodiesel.  

Product under review and review investigation period (RIP) 

The  product  subject  to  this  review  is  fatty-acid  mono-alkyl  esters  and/or  paraffinic 
gasoil obtained from synthesis and/ or hydro-treatment, of non-fossil origin, commonly 
known as ‘biodiesel’, in pure form or in a blend currently falling within CN codes ex 
1516 20 98, ex 1518 00 91, ex 1518 00 99, ex 2710 19 43, ex 2710 19 46, ex 2710 19 
47, ex 2710 20 11, ex 2710 20 15, ex 2710 20 17, ex 3824 90 92, ex 3826 00 10 and ex 
3826  00  90.  The  investigation  period  to  examine  recurrence  of  dumping  covered  the 
period from 1 July 2013 to 30 June 2014 with the examination of the trends relevant for 
the  assessment  of  the  likelihood  of  continuation  or  recurrence  of  injury  covered  the 
period from 1 January 2011 to the end of the review investigation period. 

Sampling 

The Commission selected a sample of seven Union producers representing around 30% 
of  the  total  Union  production  of  biodiesel.  The  Commission  originally  selected  three 
exporting producers as part of the sample. However, the three companies withdrew their 
cooperation  in  the  proceeding.  Accordingly,  no  sampling  of  exporting  producers  took 
place. In view of the low number of unrelated importers that came forward, no sampling 
of importers was necessary.  

EN 

30 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Likelihood of recurrence of dumping 

Following the imposition of measures in 2009, imports of biodiesel from the USA to the 
Union  dropped  to  almost  zero,  with  only  a  very  small  quantity  exported  in  2013  and 
during the RIP. In these circumstances, it was not considered relevant to assess the level 
of  dumping  in  the  RIP.  It  was  therefore  concluded  that  there  was  no  continuation  of 
dumping  during  the  RIP.  Regarding  the  likelihood  of  recurrence  of  dumping,  the 
Commission concluded that in light of the significant spare capacity of the US industry, 
combined with the attractiveness of the Union market in terms of size and sales price, in 
particular  with  regard  to  the  price  level  of  US  exports  to  third  countries,  for  which 
dumping appeared to be taking place, and the records of past circumvention practices, 
dumped  imports  from  the  USA  were  likely  to  recur  if  the  measures  in  force  were 
allowed to lapse. 

Likelihood of recurrence of injury 

To assess the likelihood of recurrence of injury to the Union industry in the absence of 
measures, the Commission analysed the likely impact of imports from the USA on the 
Union  market  and  on  the  Union  industry.  In  particular,  the  Commission  analysed  the 
likelihood  of  recurrence  of  dumped  imports,  the  volumes  and  the  likely  price  levels 
thereof,  spare  capacity  in  the  USA,  the  attractiveness  of  the  union  market  and  pricing 
behaviour of US producers. The Commission established that producers of biodiesel in 
the USA are currently exporting biodiesel to other third country markets at price levels 
that are below the Union prices. Since the Union prices are higher than those in other 
third country markets it is likely that at least some of those exports may be re-directed to 
the Union should the existing measures lapse. Furthermore, the Commission established 
that  US  producers  have  a  large  spare  capacity  amounting  to  around  2,678,000  tonnes 
equivalent to around 22 % of the total Union consumption. The spare capacity available 
in the USA is not likely to be absorbed by its domestic market. It was also found that,  
despite sufficient capacity, US producers are not supplying the full demand on the US 
market. Given that the Union market is the biggest market for biodiesel worldwide and 
with biodiesel prices in the Union that are in parity or slightly above the price level on 
the US domestic market, the Union market would be very attractive for US producers of 
biodiesel.  Indeed,  historically,  that  has  proven  to  be  the  case.  The  Commission  thus 
concluded that it was very likely that US producers would use a large part of their spare 
capacity to re-enter the Union market should the existing measures be allowed to lapse. 
Given  their  current  pricing  behaviour  on  other  export  markets  and  the  large  spare 
capacity available it was considered very likely that significant volumes of US biodiesel 
would re-enter the Union market at dumped prices equal to, or below the Union prices. 
These imports would exercise a significant downward price pressure on Union industry 
which, at current price levels, is only making a very small profit significantly below its 
target  profit.  This  would  most  likely  result  in  a  decrease  of  production  and  sales 
volumes,  less  profitability  and  loss  of  market  share.  Given  the  fragile  economic 
situation  of  the  Union  industry,  such  likely  scenario  would  have  a  significant  adverse 
effect  on  the  ongoing  recovery  of  the  Union  industry.  Consequently,  the  Commission 
concluded that material injury to the Union industry would most likely recur should the 
existing duties against imports of biodiesel from the USA be allowed to lapse. 

Union interest and definitive measures 

In accordance with the basic Regulation, the Commission examined whether it would be 
against the Union interest to maintain the measures in place despite the findings above 
on the likely recurrence of injurious dumping. The determination of the Union interest 

EN 

31 

   EN 

 
was based on an appreciation of all the various interests involved, including those of the 
Union industry and importers as well as users of biodiesel.  

The investigation found that while the Union industry showed positive signs of recovery 
from  past  dumping,  such  as  increased  production  and  sales  volume,  the  prices  on  the 
Union  market  decreased  significantly  and  the  profitability  remained  very  low,  thus 
leaving  the  industry  in  a  fragile  and  vulnerable  economic  situation.  It  was  concluded 
that  if  the  existing  measures  were  allowed  to  lapse,  the  Union  industry  would  most 
certainly be faced with increased unfair competition in the form of significant volumes 
of  dumped  imports  of  biodiesel  from  the  USA,  thereby  putting  a  halt  to  the  on-going 
recovery  of  the  Union  biodiesel  industry  and  most  likely  result  in  the  recurrence  of 
material  injury.  Only  three  importers/traders  came  forward  and  made  their  views 
known. Whilst one company claimed that the level of current duties is disproportionate 
and that extension would distort and limit the market resulting in higher prices, the other 
two companies claimed that the existing measures had not affected their activities and 
were  neutral  as  to  a  possible  extension  of  the  existing  anti-dumping  measures.  The 
investigation  did  not  find  that  a  continuation  of  the  existing  measures  would  limit  the 
market and result in higher prices. It found that in fact Union prices decreased despite 
the  existence  of  measures.  The  investigation  also  found  that  the  Union  industry  has 
sufficient  capacity  to  supply  Union  demand  for  biodiesel  and  also  spare  capacity  to 
satisfy  a  future  increase  in  demand.  Therefore,  the  arguments  put  forward  did  not 
support  the  argument  that  a  continuation  of  existing  measures  would  be  against  the 
interest  of  importers  and/or  traders.  Only  one  user,  an  oil  company  which  purchases 
biodiesel  to  blend  with  mineral  oils,  came  forward  and  made  its  view  known  to  the 
Commission.  It  was  strongly  in  favour  of  maintaining  the  existing  measures  and 
claimed that their removal could have devastating effects on the Union biodiesel market 
leading to an influx of significant volumes of dumped biodiesel which would result in a 
recurrence of severe injury do the Union biodiesel industry.  

As a result the Commission concluded that there were no compelling reasons that it was 
not  in  the  Union  interest  to  maintain  the  existing  measures  on  imports  of  biodiesel 
originating  in  the  USA.  Accordingly,  the  Commission  maintained  the  anti-dumping 
measures  on  imports  of  biodiesel  originating  in  the  USA,  ranging  from  zero  to  198 
EUR/tonne, for an additional period of five years.  

Biodiesel from the USA (AS) 

A definitive countervailing duty was imposed on imports of biodiesel originating in the 
USA in 2009. The original measures were extended to imports consigned from Canada 
in  2011  following  an  anti-circumvention  investigation.  In  July  2014  the  Commission 
initiated  an  expiry  review  of  these  measures  on  the  basis  of  a  request  lodged  by  the 
European Biodiesel Board.  Prior to the initiation of the expiry review, the Commission 
held consultations with the USA in July 2014 with the aim of clarifying the situation as 
regards  the  content  of  the  review  request  and  arriving  at  a  mutually  agreed  solution. 
However the consultations did not result in a solution being found. 

The  product  subject  to  the  review  and  the  periods  of  investigation  were  the  same  as 
those of the expiry review of the anti-dumping measures on the same product from the 
USA outlined above.  The situation regarding sampling was also the same as in the anti-
dumping investigation.  

Likelihood of a continuation or recurrence of subsidisation 

EN 

32 

   EN 

 
The Commission first analysed the three federal schemes, namely the Biodiesel mixture 
credit,  the  Biodiesel  credit  and  small  agri-biodiesel  producer  credit.  These  schemes 
expired at the end of 2014. However, the investigation established a consistent pattern 
of  reintroducing  these  schemes  after  their  expiry  by  the  US  Government,  with 
retroactive effects covering the periods where the scheme may not have been in place. 
Moreover, the investigation did not find any changes in the prices of biodiesel in the US 
domestic market, showing that US biodiesel producers had strong expectations that the 
scheme would be again retroactively reintroduced. Lastly, the investigation established 
that given the importance of the schemes for the US biodiesel industry, and given the 
magnitude  of  the  funding  provided  by  means  of  the  three  federal  schemes,  and  the 
expectations  from  all  market  operators  that  the  schemes  would  continue  to  exist,  it 
would  be  very  difficult  for  the  US  authorities  to  simply  allow  the  schemes  to  expire. 
Otherwise it would risk causing serious injury to its domestic biodiesel industry, thereby 
leading  to  significant  job  losses  (the  industry  employs  around  60  000  people), 
dependency on imports of diesel and failure to meet the environmental objectives set by 
the Government by using biodiesel. Thus, the Commission concluded that as far as the 
three  federal  subsidies  were  concerned,  there  was  a  likelihood  of  recurrence  of 
subsidisation.  With  regard  to  other  schemes  still  in  force,  such  as  the  bioenergy 
programme for advanced biofuels or the state subsidy schemes, the investigation found 
no indication that these schemes would come to an end in the near future. Therefore, for 
these schemes, the Commission concluded that there was a likelihood of continuation of 
subsidisation.  Lastly  the  Commission  concluded  that  in  view  of  the  likelihood  of 
continuation  and  recurrence  of  subsidisation,  combined  with  the  significant  spare 
capacity of the US biodiesel industry and the attractiveness of the Union market, it was 
likely  that  US  biodiesel  producers  would  resume  exporting  biodiesel  at  subsidised 
prices to the Union market at large volumes, if measures were allowed to lapse. 

Likelihood of recurrence or continuation of injury and Union interest 

The situation regarding the recurrence or continuation of injury as well as Union interest 
was the same as outlined above under the expiry review of the anti-dumping measures 
on  biodiesel  from  the  USA.  As  in  that  case,  the  Commission  concluded  that  material 
injury to the Union industry would most likely recur should the existing countervailing 
duties against imports of biodiesel from the USA be allowed to lapse. The Commission 
also  concluded  that  there  were  no  compelling  reasons  that  it  was  not  in  the  Union 
interest  to  maintain  the  existing  countervailing  measures  on  imports  of  biodiesel 
originating in the USA. 

Therefore,  the  Commission  maintained  the  existing  measures  on  imports  of  biodiesel 
originating in the US, ranging from 211.2 to 237 EUR/tonne for an additional period of 
five years.  

Aluminium foils from, inter alia, the PRC  

In October 2014, the Commission initiated an expiry review on imports of aluminium 
foils  originating,  inter  alia,  in  the  PRC,  following  a  request  lodged  by  AFM 
Aluminiumfolie  Merseburg  GmbH,  Alcomet  AD,  Eurofoil  Luxembourg  SA,  Hydro 
Aluminium  Rolled  Products  GmbH,  Impol  d.o.o.  and  Symetal  SA,  on  behalf  of 
producers  representing  more  than  25%  of  the  total  Union  production  of  certain 
aluminium  foils.  At  the  same  time  the  Commission  initiated  an  anti-dumping 
investigation  pursuant  to  Article  5  of  the  basic  Regulation  into  imports  of  aluminium 
foils originating in Russia.  

EN 

33 

   EN 

 
Product under review and review investigation period (RIP) 

The product subject to this review is aluminium foil falling within CN code ex 7607 11 
19 (TARIC code 7607 11 19 10). The investigation of the likelihood of continuation or 
recurrence  of  dumping  and  injury  covered  the  period  from  1  October  2013  to  30 
September  2014  while  the  trends  relevant  for  the  assessment  of  the  likelihood  of  a 
continuation or recurrence of injury covered the period from 1 January 2011 to the end 
of the review investigation period (the ‘period considered’). 

Sampling 

In view of the limited number of cooperating companies, no sampling was necessary for 
exporting  producers,  nor  for  unrelated  importers.  As  regards  Union  producers,  the 
Commission  selected  a  sample  of  six  Union  producers  and  their  related  companies, 
accounting for 70% of the total Union production of AHF.  

Likelihood of a continuation or recurrence of dumping 

The  Commission  selected  Turkey  as  an  appropriate  analogue  country  to  establish  the 
normal value for Chinese imports of AHF. A comparison of the normal value with the 
Chinese export prices to the Union showed that Chinese imports continued to enter the 
Union market at dumped prices with significant dumping margins. It also demonstrated 
that the spare capacity for production of the product concerned in the PRC is significant 
in comparison with the Union consumption during the review investigation period. This 
spare  capacity  is  likely  to  be  directed  at  least  in  part  to  the  Union  market  should  the 
measures against the PRC be allowed to lapse. In addition, the investigation found that 
exports from the PRC to third countries were also made at dumped prices. This pricing 
behaviour of the Chinese exports in third markets shows a likelihood of continuation of 
dumping  to  the  Union  market,  should  the  measures  be  allowed  to  lapse.  Furthermore, 
the attractiveness of the Union market in terms of prices indicated that there was a risk 
that Chinese exports would be redirected toward the Union market, should the measures 
be allowed to lapse. Therefore, the Commission concluded that there was a likelihood 
that Chinese dumped imports would significantly increase in the absence of measures.  

Likelihood of recurrence or continuation of injury 

To assess the likelihood of recurrence or continuation of injury if the measures against 
the PRC were allowed to lapse, the potential impact of Chinese imports on the Union 
market and the Union industry was analysed. The investigation confirmed the existence 
of significant spare capacities in the PRC that cannot be fully absorbed by the Chinese 
domestic  demand  and  export  markets  other  than  the  Union  market.  In  addition,  the 
continuation  of  dumping  during  the  review  investigation  period  with  significant 
dumping  margins  and  the  dumping  practice  of  Chinese  exporters  to  third  country 
markets,  clearly  indicated  that  there  was  a  strong  likelihood  that  volumes  of  Chinese 
dumped imports would increase significantly in case the measures in force were allowed 
to lapse. Should the measures in force be repealed Chinese import prices would in all 
likelihood  undercut  the  Union  industry's  sales  prices  on  the  Union  market.  Indeed  the 
investigation  showed  that,  in  the  absence  of  anti-dumping  duties,  the  Chinese  imports 
made  under  the  normal  import  regime  during  the  review  investigation  period  would 
have  undercut  the  Union  industry  prices  on  average  by  12,2  %.  The  Union  market  is 
attractive for Chinese imports given that prices in the Union market were broadly in line 
with the prices in other export markets. In addition, in July 2014 Turkey imposed anti-

EN 

34 

   EN 

 
 
dumping measures against China for a range of aluminium foils including the product 
concerned.  It  was  therefore  likely  that  part  of  the  production  previously  exported  to 
Turkey would be reoriented to the Union market should the measures against China be 
repealed. Therefore, it was concluded that the repeal of measures would in all likelihood 
result  in  a  significant  increase  of  Chinese  imports  at  dumped  prices  significantly 
undercutting  the  Union  industry  prices,  thus  causing  further  injury  to  the  Union 
industry. 

Union interest and definitive measures 

In  accordance  with  Article  21  of  the  basic  Regulation,  the  Commission  examined 
whether  maintaining  the  existing  measures  against  the  PRC  would  be  against  the 
interest of the Union as a whole. The determination of the Union interest was based on 
an  appreciation  of  all  the  various  interests  involved,  including  those  of  the  Union 
industry, traders, importers and users.  

The investigation established that the Union industry suffered material injury during the 
review  investigation  period  and  that  there  was  a  likelihood  of  continuation  of  injury 
should measures against China be allowed to lapse. The investigation concluded that if 
the measures against China were lifted it was likely that Chinese imports would resume 
in  important  volumes  on  the  Union  market  at  dumped  prices  that  would  also 
significantly  undercut  the  Union  industry's  sales  prices.  The  Union  industry  would  be 
forced to match the lower price levels and thereby increase its losses. As regards users 
of the product  concerned  none of the three cooperating  users  imported from  the PRC. 
Their main sources of supply were the Union industry, Russia and Turkey. During the 
review  investigation  period  all  cooperating  users  reported  to  be  overall  profitable.  On 
that basis it was concluded that the maintenance of the measures against China would 
not have a significant negative impact on the situation of the users. No importers/traders 
came  forward  following  the  publication  of  the  Notice  of  Initiation.  The  investigation 
also  showed  that  the  Union  industry  and  the  exporting  producers  were  selling  AHF 
mostly directly to users. On these grounds, there were no indications that the imposition 
of  measures  would  have  an  adverse  effect  on  the  situation  of  importers/traders.  Some 
interested parties claimed that the Union industry has insufficient capacity to cover the 
entire demand in the Union and that if measures were maintained the Union would face 
a shortage of supply which would increase the price of AHF. However, the investigation 
showed that the Union industry has excess capacity and could increase production and 
sales  of  AHF  in  the  Union.  In  addition  alternative  sources  of  supply  were  identified 
such as Turkey, Armenia and South Africa.  

The Commission concluded that there were no compelling reasons that it was not in the 
Union  interest  to  maintain  measures  on  imports  of  AHF  originating  in  the  PRC. 
Accordingly, the Commission decided to maintain the anti-dumping measures in force 
for the PRC, ranging from 6,4% to 30%, for an additional period of five years.  

Annex F. Expiry reviews concluded: termination and repeal of the measures 

4.2.1.4.  Reviews concluded by termination 

During 2015, 3 expiry reviews were concluded by termination.  

Originating from 
Ukraine 

Product 
Welded tubes and 
pipes of iron or non-
alloy steel 
Candles, tapers and the  P.R. China 

Reason for termination 
No likelihood of recurrence of dumping 

No likelihood of recurrence of injury 

EN 

35 

   EN 

 
like 
Aluminium foil in big 
rolls 

Brazil 

No likelihood of recurrence of dumping 

Details of some individual cases 

Aluminium foils from, inter alia, Brazil 

The Commission initiated in October 2014 an expiry review on imports of aluminium 
foils  originating,  inter  alia,  in  Brazil.  The  review  was  initiated  following  a  request 
lodged  by  AFM  Aluminiumfolie  Merseburg  GmbH,  Alcomet  AD,  Eurofoil 
Luxembourg SA, Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH, Impol d.o.o. and Symetal 
SA, on behalf of producers representing more than 25% of the total Union production of 
certain  aluminium  foils.  In  parallel,  the  Commission  initiated  in  October  2014  a  new 
anti-dumping investigation into imports of aluminium foils originating in Russia.  

Product under review and review investigation period (RIP) 

The product subject to this review is aluminium foil of a thickness of not less than 0,008 
mm and not more than 0,018mm, falling within CN code ex 7607 11 19 (TARIC code 
7607 11 19 10) (AHF). The investigation of the likelihood of continuation or recurrence 
of dumping and injury covered the period from 1 October 2013 to 30 September 2014 
while  the  examination  of  the  trends  relevant  for  the  assessment  of  the  likelihood  of  a 
continuation or recurrence of injury covered the period from 1 January 2011 to the end 
of the review investigation period. 

Sampling 

One exporting producer from Brazil cooperated with the investigation. Thus, sampling 
was not necessary for exporting producers. In view of the limited number of cooperating 
companies,  no  sampling  was  necessary  for  unrelated  importers.  As  regards  Union 
producers, the Commission selected a sample of six Union producers and their related 
companies, accounting for 70% of the total Union production.  

Likelihood of a continuation or recurrence of dumping 

There were no exports of AHF from Brazil to the Union during the review investigation 
period.  Therefore,  there  is  no  likelihood  of  continuation  of  dumping  from  Brazil.  The 
assessment  was  thus  limited  to  the  likelihood  of  recurrence  of  dumping  using  export 
prices  to  other  third  countries.  The  capacity  utilisation  of  the  cooperating  Brazilian 
producer was found to be above 90% and its unused spare capacity to be 3 000 tonnes 
per year. This is equivalent to 6% of the production of the Union industry and 3% of the 
Union  consumption.  It  was  therefore  concluded  that  there  was  no  significant  spare 
capacity that could be directed to the Union market should the measures against Brazil 
be  allowed  to  lapse.  Regarding  the  two  non-cooperating  Brazilian  producers,  the 
Commission  considered  it  unlikely  that  these  two  producers  would  have  a  significant 
spare capacity that would be directed to the Union market, should the measures against 
Brazil  be  allowed  to  lapse:  they  were  not  exporting  to  the  Union,  neither  during  the 
review investigation period, nor before the imposition of the original measures.  

Due to the lack of exports to the Union in the RIP, the Commission analysed whether 
Brazilian  exports  to  other  third  country  markets  were  made  at  dumped  prices.  The 
exports  of  the  cooperating  Brazilian  producer  during  the  review  investigation  period 
were to a single customer in the USA. These exports represented 68% of total Brazilian 
AHF  exports  to  the  USA  in  2013,  making  the  cooperating  producer  the  biggest 
Brazilian  exporter  of  aluminium  foils.  These  exports  represented  33%  of  all  Brazilian 

EN 

36 

   EN 

 
AHF  exports  in  2013.  No  dumping  was  found  in  these  exports  when  the  export  price 
was  compared  with  the  normal  value  in  Brazil.  The  Commission  also  analysed  the 
attractiveness of the Union market compared to the Brazilian market. It found that the 
prices in the Brazilian domestic market were attractive demonstrated by the fact that the 
vast majority of the production was sold on the domestic market. These domestic sales 
were  profitable.  The  price  levels  in  Brazil  were  similar  to  the  prices  in  the  Union 
market.  It  was  therefore  not  expected  that,  should  the  measures  lapse,  the  Brazilian 
exports  to  the  Union  market  would  increase  significantly  by  undercutting  the  Union 
prices.  Given  the  above,  it  was  considered  unlikely  that  dumping  from  Brazil  would 
recur if measures were to lapse. Consequently, the Commission decided to terminate the 
measures applicable to imports of the product originating in Brazil in December 2015. 

Candles, tapers and the like from the PRC 

In May 2014 the Commission initiated an expiry review into the anti-dumping measures 
on imports of candles, tapers and the like originating in the PRC. The investigation was 
initiated  following  a  request  lodged  by  sixteen  candles  producers  in  the  Union 
representing more than 25% of the total Union production of certain candles, tapers and 
the like.  

Product under review and review investigation period (RIP) 

The product subject to this review is candles, tapers and the like, currently falling within 
CN  code  ex  3406  00  00  (TARIC  code  3406  00  00  90).  The  investigation  of  a 
continuation of dumping covered the period from 1 April 2013 to 31 March 2014 with 
the  examination  of  the  trends  relevant  for  the  assessment  of  the  likelihood  of  a 
recurrence of injury covering the period from 1 January 2011 to the end of the RIP. 

Sampling 

The  Commission  selected  a  sample  consisting  of  four  exporting  producers  which 
accounted for 21% of the total volume of exports made by companies subject to duties. 
As  regards  Union  producers,  the  Commission  selected  a  sample  consisting  of  seven 
companies, covering 37% of the estimated total Union production of candles during the 
RIP. No sampling was necessary for unrelated importers.  

Likelihood of a continuation of dumping 

The USA was selected as an appropriate analogue country to establish the normal value 
for  the  PRC.  The  investigation  found  that  one  sampled  exporting  producer  was  not 
dumping  its  products  to  the  Union  market.  The  average  dumping  margin  of  the  three 
remaining sampled exporting producers was around 60 %. Despite the allegations of the 
complainants, the investigation could not establish with certainty the extent of the spare 
capacity  available  in  the  PRC.  The  Chinese  average  export  prices  to  their  main  third 
country  markets  were  higher  than  the  prices  of  the  Union  industry  during  the  RIP. 
Therefore, there was no economic incentive for Chinese exporting producers to redirect 
their exports to the Union should the measures be repealed. Furthermore judging from 
the  behaviour  of  the  Chinese  companies  not  subject  to  measures,  whose  unit  price  is 
higher  than  that  of  the  Union  industry,  who  compete  directly  with  the  Union  industry 
and whose market share decreased during the period considered, it seems unlikely that 
Chinese  producers  subject  to  duties  would  undercut  the  Union  industry  prices  only  to 
gain  market  share.  On  this  basis,  the  investigation  concluded  that  if  measures  were 
allowed  to  lapse  the  Chinese  exports  to  the  Union  currently  under  anti-dumping 

EN 

37 

   EN 

 
measures would continue to be imported at dumped prices. However, it seemed unlikely 
that these exports would recur in considerable quantities. 

Likelihood of recurrence of injury 

The  investigation  concluded  that  the  Union  industry  had  not  suffered  material  injury 
during  the  RIP.  Therefore,  it  assessed  whether  the  expiry  of  the  measures  would  be 
likely  to  lead  to  a  recurrence  of  injury.  In  this  regard,  the  analysis  focused  on  the 
consumption trend of the Union market, spare capacity, trade flows and attractiveness of 
the Union market and pricing behaviour of all the Chinese producers both in the Union 
and  on  third  markets.  The  investigation  showed  that  Union  consumption  remained 
fundamentally  stable.  During  the  period  considered  the  volume  of  dumped  imports 
decreased by 34%. At the same time also imports from Chinese companies not subject 
to  measures  decreased  by  4%.  The  investigation  saw  no  evidence  of  any  substantial 
unused production or spare capacity in the PRC. Furthermore, the Union market did not 
appear to be particularly attractive for Chinese exporters, despite its size. Although the 
share  of  Chinese  imports  into  the  Union  was  the  largest  one,  dumped  Chinese  export 
prices to the Union were higher than the Union industry's sales prices. The investigation 
concluded that in view of the main consumption trends in the Union market, the market 
behaviour of the Chinese exporting producers not subject to measures, the price level of 
Chinese  exports  to  third  countries  and  the  moderate  attractiveness  of  the  European 
market,  there  was  no  likelihood  of  recurrence  of  injury  to  the  Union  industry  if  the 
existing measures were to be repealed. Consequently the anti-dumping duty on imports 
of candles, tapers and the like originating in the PRC were repealed in August 2015.  

4.2.2. 

Interim reviews 

Article 11(3) and Article 19 of the basic Regulations provide for the review of measures 
during  their  period  of  validity  on  the  initiative  of  the  Commission,  at  the  request  of  a 
Member  State  or,  provided  that  at  least  1  year  has  lapsed  since  the  imposition  of  the 
definitive measure, following a request containing sufficient evidence by an exporter, an 
importer  or  by  the  EU  producers.  In  carrying  out  the  investigations,  it  is  considered, 
inter  alia,  whether  the  circumstances  with  regard  to  dumping/subsidization  and  injury 
have changed significantly. Reviews can be limited to dumping/subsidization or injury 
aspects. 

During 2015, a total of 11 interim reviews were initiated (eight anti-dumping and three 
anti-subsidy). Six interim reviews were concluded with amendment of the duties, none 
were  concluded  without  amending  the  duties  and  no  interim  reviews  led  to  the 
termination  of  the  measures.    The  list  of  cases  which  were  concluded  during  2015  by 
amending the duties, together with the result of the investigation, can be found below. 
More information can be obtained from the Official Journal to which reference is given 
in Annex G. 

Product 

Originating from 

Result  of  the 
Type15  

investigation/ 

15 

AD = anti-dumping, AS = anti-subsidy, UT = undertaking. 

EN 

38 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
                                                 
Citric acid (limited to examine 
dumping for Laiwu Taihe) 

P.R. China 

Amended  duty  for  Laiwu 
Taihe Biochemistry Co. Ltd – 
15,3% - AD 

Citric acid (limited to examine 
the form of measure and 
injury) 

P.R. China 

Amended U/T accepted - AD 

Ceramic tiles 

P.R. China 

in 

change 

Individual  duty  amended  due 
company 
to 
structure  from  one  to  two 
companies  duty 
amended 
from  26,3%  to  13,9%  and 
32% 

Polyethylene terephthalate 
(PET) (AS) 
- 2 cases - 

India 

Open mesh fabrics of glass 
fibres 

India 

Individual 
amended 
duty 
from  €106,5  per  tonne  to 
€35,69  per  tonne  Residual 
duty €69,4 per tonne  

Exemption  from  duties  for 
two Indian companies  

4.2.2.1.  Details on individual cases 

Citric acid from China (AD) 

In  November  2013,  the  Commission  initiated  a  partial  interim  review  with  regard  to 
imports into the Union of citric acid originating in the PRC, limited to the examination 
of  dumping  of  one  Chinese  exporting  producer  (Laiwu).  The  review  was  initiated 
following a request by the SA Citrique Belge and Jungbunzlauer Austria AG, on behalf 
of producers representing 100 % of the Union production of citric acid. The applicants 
provided  prima  facie  evidence  showing  that  since  the  last  investigation  period  Laiwu 
had  increased  production  capacity  and  enlarged  its  product  range.  The  applicants 
alleged that the continued imposition of the measures at the existing level, which was 
based on the level of dumping previously established, would be insufficient to offset the 
effects  of  injurious  dumping.  The  applicants  also  claimed  that  Laiwu  may  not  be 
eligible  for  market  economy  treatment  anymore.  In  parallel,  an  expiry  review  on  the 
same product originating in the PRC was initiated. 

Product concerned and IP 

The product concerned by this review was citric acid falling within CN codes 2918 14 
00 and ex 2918 15 00. The investigation of dumping and injury covered the period from 
1  October  2012  to  30  September  2013  and  the  examination  of  trends  relevant  for  the 
assessment of injury covered the period from 1 January 2010 to the end of the review 
investigation period. 

Market Economy Treatment (MET) and Dumping 

With regard to market economy treatment Laiwu failed to meet two of the criteria.  In 
particular the company failed to demonstrate that it keeps a complete set of accounts in 

EN 

39 

   EN 

 
 
accordance with international accounting standards as well as failing to demonstrate that 
it was not subject to significant distortions carried over from the non-market economy 
system.  More  specifically,  the  company  as  a  ‘High  and  New  Technology  Enterprise’ 
benefitted from a preferential corporate income tax regime which significantly affected 
its  financial  situation.  As  a  result  of  not  meeting  the  requirements  for  MET,  normal 
value for Laiwu was established on the basis of data from an analogue country, namely 
Canada. The Commission then compared the normal value in the analogue country with 
the export price on an ex-works basis, and on this basis, the weighted average dumping 
margin for Laiwu was 37,8%. 

Lasting nature of changed circumstances 

In  accordance  with  Article  11(3)  of  the  basic  Regulation,  the  Commission  analysed 
whether  the  change  in  circumstances  with  regard  to  dumping  could  be  of  a  lasting 
nature.  The  fact  that  Laiwu  expanded  from  the  smallest  to  the  biggest  exporting 
producer  to  the  EU  was  considered  to  be  a  change  of  a  lasting  nature.  The  company 
confirmed  in  its  questionnaire  reply  that  it  would  maintain  its  volume  of  exports  and 
that it would not change its pattern of exports. 

New injury elimination level and definitive measures  

Laiwu's  export  prices  were  deemed  as  reliable  and  used  to  establish  a  new  injury 
elimination  level.  To  determine  the  level  of  the  measures,  the  Commission  first 
established  the  amount  of  duty  necessary  to  avoid  recurrence  of  injury  to  the  Union 
industry. The profit margin determined for this purpose in the original investigation was 
6%. On this basis, the Commission calculated a non-injurious price of the like product 
for  the  Union  industry  by  subtracting  from  the  Union  sales  prices  the  actual  profit 
margin  achieved  during  the  RIP  and  replacing  it  by  a  profit  margin  of  6%.  The 
Commission then determined the injury elimination level on the basis of a comparison 
of the weighted average import price of Laiwu, as established for the price undercutting 
calculations, with the weighted average non-injurious price of the like product sold by 
the Union producers on the Union market during the RIP. The difference resulting from 
this  comparison  was  expressed  as  a  percentage  of  the  weighted  average  import  CIF 
value i.e. 15,3%.  

In accordance with the lesser duty rule, in January 2015 the Commission amended the 
definitive anti-dumping duty for Laiwu to the level of the injury margin.    

Open mesh fabrics of glass fibres from China (AD) 

In  August  2011,  definitive  anti-dumping  measures  were  imposed  on  imports  of  open 
mesh fabrics of glass fibres originating in China. In December 2013, following an anti-
circumvention  investigation  the  measures  were  extended  to  imports  of  the  product 
coming  from  India  and  Indonesia.    In  September  2014  the  Commission  initiated  a 
partial  interim  review  pursuant  to  Articles  11(3)  and  13(4)  of  the  basic  Regulation, 
concerning  the  extended  measures  to  India.  The  request  was  lodged  by  Pyrotek  India 
Pvt. Ltd, an exporting producer of certain open mesh fabrics of glass fibres from India 
and was limited in scope to the possibility of obtaining an exemption from the extended 
measures. 

Product concerned and IP 

The  product  concerned  by  this  review  was  open  mesh  fabrics  of  glass  fibres,  falling 
within CN codes ex 7019 51 00 and ex 7019 59 00. The investigation period covered 

EN 

40 

   EN 

 
the period from 1 January 2010 to 30 June 2014, while the reporting period covered the 
period from 1 July 2013 to 30 June 2014.  

Findings of the investigation 

The investigation showed that the applicant started the production of the product under 
review in August 2011, and confirmed that the applicant was capable of producing the 
entire  quantity  that  it  had  exported  to  the  Union  since  the  start  of  the  investigation 
period  of  the  investigation  leading  to  the  imposition  of  the  extended  measures.  In 
particular,  it  was  found  that  the  sales  volumes  were  compatible  with  the  production 
capacity  and  with  the  purchase  of  raw  material  (yarn).  The  investigation  also  showed 
that the applicant was not related to any exporting producer subject to the measures in 
force.  The  investigation  further  confirmed  that  the  applicant  was  not  engaged  in 
circumvention practices as defined in Article 13 of the basic Regulation. In particular, 
the  investigation  established  that,  although  a  significant  amount  of  raw  material  (in 
particular, yarn) was purchased from the People's Republic of China, this could not be 
considered  to  constitute  an  assembly  operation  pursuant  to  article  13(2)  of  the  basic 
Regulation.  The  Commission  established  that  Pyrotek  India  Pvt.  Ltd  was  a  genuine 
producer of the product under review, and that therefore it should be exempted from the 
extended  measures.    The  Commission  exempted  the  company  from  the  extended 
measures in September 2015. 

4.2.3. 

 “Other” reviews 

There was one ''Other' reviews, falling outside Article 11(3) or Article 19 of the basic 
Regulations  initiated  during  2015.  Seven  such  reviews  were  concluded  in  the  period 
(four  anti-dumping  and  three  anti-subsidy  cases.  All  seven  of  the  'other'  reviews 
concluded related to new exporting producer treatment.   

A list of the cases concerned is given in Annex H which shows, in footnotes, the main 
issues concerned. More information can be obtained from the Official Journal to which 
reference is given in the Annex. 

4.2.4.  New exporter reviews 

As  far  as  anti-dumping  measures  are  concerned,  Article  11(4)  of  the  basic  Regulation 
allows  for  a  review  ("newcomer"  review)  to  be  carried  out  in  order  to  determine 
individual  margins  of  dumping  for  new  exporters  located  in  the  exporting  country  in 
question which did not export the product during the investigation period.  

Such  parties  have  to  show  that  they  are  genuine  new  exporters,  i.e.  that  they  are  not 
related to any of the exporters or producers in the exporting country, which are subject 
to  the  anti-dumping  measures,  and  that  they  have  actually  started  to  export  to  the  EU 
following  the  investigation  period,  or  that  they  have  entered  into  an  irrevocable 
contractual obligation to export a significant quantity to the EU. 

When a review for a new exporter is initiated, the duties are repealed with regard to that 
exporter, though its imports are made subject to registration under Article 14(5) of the 
basic Regulation in order to ensure that, should the review result in a determination of 
dumping in respect of such an exporter, anti-dumping duties may be levied retroactively 
to the date of the initiation of the review. 

As far as anti-subsidy measures are concerned, Article 20 of the basic Regulation allows 
for  a  review  (accelerated  review)  to  be  carried  out  in  order  to  establish  promptly  an 
individual  countervailing  duty.  Any  exporter  whose  exports  are  subject  to  a  definitive 
countervailing  duty  but  who  was  not  individually  investigated  during  the  original 

EN 

41 

   EN 

 
investigation  for  reasons  other  than  a  refusal  to  co-operate  with  the  Commission  can 
request such review. 

In  2015,  one  new  exporter  reviews  was  initiated  relating  to  anti-dumping  measures. 
Since  the  Commission  carried  out  the  first  reviews  of  this  type  in  1990,  a  total  of  71 
such  investigations  have  been  initiated  so  far.  One  new  exporter  review  concerning 
trichloroisocyanuric  acid  was  concluded  during  2015  when  the  applicant  withdrew  its 
request.  As a result the Commission terminated the review investigation and applied the 
residual anti-dumping duty to imports from the company in question.  

More information can be obtained from the Official Journal to which reference is given 
in Annex I. 

4.2.5.  Absorption investigations 

Where  there  is  sufficient  information  showing  that,  after  the  original  investigation 
period  and  prior  to  or  following  the  imposition  of  measures,  export  prices  have 
decreased  or  that  there  has  been  no  or  insufficient  movement  in  the  resale  prices  or 
subsequent selling prices of the imported product in the EU, an absorption review may 
be  opened  to  examine  whether  the  measure  has  had  effects  on  the  above-mentioned 
prices.  The  duty  may  be  increased  to  take  account  of  such  lower  export  prices.  The 
possibility  of  absorption  reviews  is  included  in  Articles  12  and  19(3)  of  the  basic 
Regulations. 

In  2015,  there  were  no  anti-absorption  investigations  initiated  and  two  anti-absorption 
investigations concluded. – Annex J. 

4.2.5.1.  Details on individual cases 

Solar glass from the PRC 

In December 2014 the Commission initiated an anti-absorption investigation of the anti-
dumping measures applicable to imports of solar glass originating in the PRC, following 
a  request  submitted  by  the  association  EU  ProSun  Glass  on  behalf  of  producers 
representing more than 25% of the total Union production of solar glass. 

Product concerned and relevant periods covered by the investigation 

The product subject to this investigation was the same as in the original investigation, 
i.e.  solar  glass  falling  within  CN  code  ex  7007  19  80.  The  absorption  investigation 
period (AIP) of this reinvestigation ran from 1 December 2013 to 30 November 2014. 
Export prices during the AIP were compared to those during the investigation period of 
the  original  investigation  which  covered  the  period  from  1  January  2012  to  31 
December 2012 (‘OIP’). 

Sampling 

The  Commission  selected  two  groups  of  Chinese  companies  representing  more  than 
60% of the total Chinese exports to the Union and more than 94% of the total exports of 
the cooperating exporting producers.   

Findings 

The Commission compared for both groups in the sample the prices of the product types 
sold in the AIP with the same product types sold in the OIP and calculated a weighted 
average level of absorption for both groups. The comparison of the export prices of the 
OIP with the AIP shows that for Flat Group export prices fell on average by 17,6% and 
for  Xinyi  Group  by  30,4%  for  the  product  concerned  exported  in  the  AIP.  Hence 

EN 

42 

   EN 

 
absorption  was  established  for  both  groups  of  companies.  Dumping  margins  were 
subsequently  recalculated,  and  as  a  result,  for  Xinyi  Group  the  dumping  margin 
increased from 83,1 % in the OIP to 122,2% in the AIP, and for Flat Group from 90,1% 
to  122,4%.  In  accordance  with  the  lesser  duty  rule  under  Article  9(4)  of  the  basic 
Regulation  and  because  the  original  measures  were  based  on  the  injury  elimination 
level, the injury margins were recalculated. On that basis, the injury margin for Xinyi 
Group increased from 39,3% to 107% and for Flat Group from 42,1% to 112,5%. 

On  the  basis  of  the  above,  the  Commission  concluded  that  the  sampled  exporting 
producers  absorbed  the  anti-dumping  duty  in  force  and  hence  the  anti-dumping 
measures should be amended accordingly. In accordance with the lesser duty rule, the 
Commission first compared the injury margins and the dumping margins. The amount 
of the duties  should be set at the  level of the  injury margins.  However, in  accordance 
with  the  last  sentence  of  Article  12(3)  of  the  basic  Regulation  the  amount  of  the  new 
anti-dumping  duty  to  be  imposed  could  not  exceed  twice  the  amount  of  the  duty 
imposed initially. As the anti-subsidy investigation remained unaffected by the present 
investigation, the countervailing duty had to be deducted in order to determine the new 
anti-dumping duty. Consequently the new anti-dumping duties imposed for Flat Group 
was  71,4%  and  for  Xinyi  Group  was  75,4%.    The  revised  duties  were  imposed  in 
August 2015.  

Stainless steel wires from India 

In  December  2014  the  Commission  initiated  an  anti-absorption  reinvestigation  of  the 
anti-dumping  measures  applicable  to  imports  of  stainless  steel  wires  from  India, 
following a request lodged by the European Confederation of Iron and Steel Industries 
(Eurofer)  on  behalf  of  producers  representing  more  than  25%  of  the  total  Union 
production of certain stainless steel wires. 

Product concerned and relevant periods covered by the investigation 

The product subject to this absorption reinvestigation is the same as that covered by the 
original investigation, i.e. stainless steel wires falling within CN codes 7223 00 19 and 
7223 00 99, originating in India. The absorption reinvestigation covered the period from 
1  October  2013  to  30  September  2014  (the  ‘AIP’).  The  original  investigation  period 
covered the period from 1 April 2011 to 31 March 2012 (‘OIP’). 

Sampling 

The  Commission  selected  a  sample  of  six  companies  or  groups  of  companies  on  the 
basis  of  the  largest  representative  volume  of  exports  to  the  Union  which  could 
reasonably be investigated within the time available. 

Findings 

When  establishing  whether  there  was  a  decrease  in  export  prices,  the  Commission 
calculated  for  each  examined  company  its  cost,  insurance  and  freight  (CIF)  export 
prices  at  the  Union  custom  border  during  the  AIP  and  compared  these  prices  to  the 
corresponding export prices determined in the OIP. The comparison of the export prices 
to  the  Union  showed  that  for  all  of  the  sampled  companies/group  of  companies  the 
export prices decreased, indicating prima facie that absorption of the measures in force 
was  taking  place.  After  having  established  possible  absorption  for  all  the  sampled 
exporting producers, dumping margins were recalculated. For the sampled cooperating 
exporting producers, the Commission compared the weighted average normal value of 
each  type  of  the  like  product  with  the  weighted  average  export  price  of  the 

EN 

43 

   EN 

 
corresponding  type  of  the  product  concerned.  On  this  basis,  the  weighted  average 
dumping  margins  expressed  as  a  percentage  of  the  CIF  Union  frontier  price,  duty 
unpaid, showed a variation between 0,8% and -6,6%. In accordance with the lesser duty 
rule  under  Article  9(4)  of  the  basic  Regulation,  for  Venus  Group  whose  dumping 
margin  increased,  the  Commission  recalculated  the  injury  margin.  The  injury 
elimination level was determined on the basis of a comparison of the weighted average 
import price of Venus Group during the AIP, with the weighted average non-injurious 
price  of  the  like  product  sold  by  the  sampled  Union  producers  on  the  Union  market 
during the AIP. Any difference resulting from this comparison was then expressed as a 
percentage of the weighted average import CIF value. On that basis, the injury margin 
for Venus Group increased from 23,4 % to 65,7%. 

The  recalculation  of  the  dumping  margins  showed  that  for  five  out  of  six  sampled 
companies  the  dumping  margin  decreased  in  the  AIP.  Therefore,  for  these  companies 
the  absorption  reinvestigation  should  be  terminated  without  amending  the  original 
measures.  In  the  case  of  Venus  Group  the  dumping  margin  calculated  for  the  AIP 
increased (0,8%) compared to that established in the OIP, demonstrating that absorption 
was  taking  place.  Hence,  anti-dumping  measures  imposed  on  imports  of  the  product 
concerned by the Venus Group should be amended in accordance with Article 12(3) of 
the basic Regulation. As regards Venus Group, in accordance with the lesser duty rule 
in  Article  9(4)  of  the  basic  Regulation,  the  Commission  first  compared  the  injury 
margin and the dumping margin. The amount of the duties should be set at the level of 
the  dumping  margin.  As  the  anti-subsidy  investigation  remains  unaffected  by  the 
reinvestigation the countervailing duty had to be deducted in order to determine the new 
anti-dumping  duty.  Consequently,  for  Venus  Group  the  new  anti-dumping  duty  was 
9,4% and was amended in September 2015. 

4.2.6.  Circumvention investigations 

The  possibility  of  investigations  being  re-opened  in  circumstances  where  evidence  is 
brought to show that measures are being circumvented was introduced by Article 13 and 
Article 23 of the basic Regulations. 

Circumvention is defined as a change in the pattern of trade between third countries and 
the EU which stems from a practice, process or work for which there is insufficient due 
cause or economic justification other than the imposition of the duty. The duties may be 
extended  to  imports  from  third  countries  of  like  products,  or  parts  thereof,  if 
circumvention is taking place. 

In  2015,  seven  anti-circumvention 
initiated.  Four  anti-
circumvention  investigations  were  concluded  with  an  extension  of  the  duty.  More 
information  can  be  obtained  from  the  Official  Journal  to  which  reference  is  given  in 
Annex K. 

investigations  were 

4.2.6.1.  Details on individual cases 

Bicycles from the PRC (extended to Cambodia, Pakistan and the Philippines) 

In  September  2014,  the  Commission  initiated  an  investigation  into  the  possible 
circumvention  of  the  anti-dumping  measures  currently  in  force  on  imports  of  bicycles 
originating  in  the  People's  Republic  of  China  (PRC),  making  imports  of  bicycles 
consigned  from  Cambodia,  Pakistan  and  the  Philippines,  whether  declared  as 
originating  from  those  countries  or  not,  subject  to  registration.  The  investigation  was 
initiated  following  a  request  by  the  European  Bicycle  Manufacturers  Association 

EN 

44 

   EN 

 
(EBMA)  on  behalf  of  fifteen  Union  producers  of  bicycles,  containing  prima  facie 
evidence that the measures in force were being circumvented by means of transhipment 
and assembly operations. The original measures on bicycles originating in China were 
imposed by the Council in 1993 and have since been extended following a number of 
sunset reviews. In May 2013, the Council extended the definitive anti-dumping duty to 
the  imports  consigned  from  Indonesia,  Malaysia,  Sri  Lanka  and  Tunisia  following  an 
anti-circumvention investigation. 

Product under investigation and reporting period 

The  product  concerned  by  the  possible  circumvention  is  bicycles  and  other  cycles 
(including delivery tricycles, but excluding unicycles), not motorised, falling within CN 
codes ex 8712 00 30 and ex 8712 00 70). The product under investigation is the same as 
that covered by the measures in force. The investigation period covered 1 January 2011 
to 31 August 2014. Data were collected for the investigation period to investigate, inter 
alia, the alleged change in the pattern of trade following the imposition of measures and 
their extension to Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka and Tunisia in 2013 and the existence 
of a practice, process or work for which there was insufficient due cause or economic 
justification other than the imposition of the duty. More detailed data were collected for 
the reporting period from 1 September 2013 to 31 August 2014 in order to examine if 
imports were undermining the remedial effect of the measures in force in terms of prices 
and/or quantities and the existence of dumping. 

Results of the investigation 

The investigation first established a change in the pattern of trade, as total imports from 
the  PRC  decreased  by  2%  in  the  IP,  while  imports  of  the  countries  concerned 
substantially increased in the same period. At the same time, exports from the PRC to 
the countries concerned also increased substantially in the IP. Furthermore, with respect 
to  the  countries  concerned,  the  investigation  found  the  existence  of  circumvention 
practices in the form of transhipment (Cambodia) and assembly operations (Cambodia, 
Pakistan and the Philippines). The investigation did not bring to light any due cause or 
economic justification for these transhipment and the assembly operations other than the 
avoidance of the existing measures on the product concerned. No elements were found, 
other than the duty, which could be considered as a compensation for the costs of the 
transhipment  and  the  assembly  operations.  Moreover,  the  investigation  confirmed 
evidence  of  dumping  in  relation  to  the  normal  values  previously  established.  It  was 
considered  that  the  measures  should  therefore  be  extended  to  imports  of  the  same 
product consigned, directly or indirectly, from Cambodia, Pakistan and the Philippines 
whether  declared  as  originating  in  those  countries  or  not.  The  residual  duty  rate  of 
48,5% was therefore extended to imports of bicycles from Cambodia, Pakistan and the 
Philippines in May 2015.  

Molybdenum wires from the PRC (slight modification) 

In  March  2015,  the  Commission  initiated  an  ex-officio  investigation  into  the  possible 
circumvention  of  the  anti-dumping  measures  currently  in  force  on  imports  of 
molybdenum  wires  originating  in  the  PRC.  In  January  2012,  following  a  first  anti-
circumvention investigation, the Council extended the measures to imports of the same 
product consigned from Malaysia, whether declared as originating in Malaysia or not. In 
September  2013,  following  a  second  anti-circumvention  investigation,  the  Council 
extended  the  measures  to  imports  of  a  slightly  modified  molybdenum  wire  product 
(containing by weight 97% or more but less than 99,95 % of molybdenum, of which the 

EN 

45 

   EN 

 
maximum  cross-sectional  dimension  exceeds  1,35  mm  but  does  not  exceed  4,0  mm) 
also originating in the PRC.  This investigation was the third anti-circumvention related 
to the measures. 

Product under investigation and reporting period 

The  product  concerned  by  the  third  anti-circumvention  investigation  is  molybdenum 
wire  (molybdenum  wire,  containing  by  weight  at  least  99,95  %  of  molybdenum,  of 
which  the  maximum  cross-sectional  dimension  exceeds  1,35  mm  but  does  not  exceed 
4,0  mm)  falling  under  CN  code  ex  8102  96  00.  As  established  in  the  original 
investigation, the product concerned is mainly used in the automotive sector for metal 
coating by thermal spraying of motor parts that are subject to heavy wear, such as piston 
rings,  synchroniser  rings  or  transmission  components,  to  increase  their  abrasion 
resistance.  

The investigation period covered the period from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2014. 
Data  were  collected  for  the  investigation  period  to  investigate,  inter  alia,  the  alleged 
change in the pattern of trade following the imposition of measures, their extension first 
to Malaysia in 2012 and second to imports of a slightly modified product in 2013 and 
the existence of a practice, process or work for which there was insufficient due cause 
or economic justification other than the imposition of the duty. More detailed data were 
collected for the reporting period from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2014 in order to 
examine  if  imports  were  undermining  the  remedial  effect  of  the  measures  in  force  in 
terms of prices and/or quantities and the existence of dumping. 

Findings 

The investigation established a change in the pattern of trade between the PRC and the 
Union. In particular, the investigation showed that imports of the product covered by the 
existing  measures  almost  ceased  as  of  December  2012,  when  the  second  anti-
circumvention  investigation  was  initiated.  In  the  same  period,  imports  of  the  product 
under investigation into the Union, which were non-existing or insignificant, increased 
considerably.  The  strong  appearance,  as  of  2013,  of  previously  non-existing  or 
insignificant  imports  of  the  product  under  investigation  that  clearly  replaced 
circumventing imports subject to the second anti-circumvention investigation, as well as 
the parallel disappearance of imports of the product concerned during the investigation 
period,  constituted  a  significant  change  in  the  pattern  of  trade.  The  Commission 
subsequently established the existence of a circumvention practice within the meaning 
of Article 13(1) of the basic Regulation at a country level for all imports of the product 
under  investigation  from  the  PRC.  This  circumvention  practice  concerned  a  slight 
modification  of  the  product  concerned  to  make  it  fall  under  customs  codes  which  are 
normally not subject to the measures in force. The comparison of the injury elimination 
level  and  the  export  price  of  both  the  cooperating  exporting  producer  and  the  non-
investigation  showed  significant  price 
the 
cooperating  exporting  producers 
underselling.  It  was  therefore  considered  that  the  remedial  effects  of  the  measures  in 
force  are  being  undermined  both  in  terms  of  quantities  and  prices.  In  addition,  the 
investigation  found  evidence  of  dumping  in  relation  to  the  normal  values  previously 
established.  

in 

In  view  of  the  findings  above,  it  was  concluded  that  the  definitive  anti-dumping  duty 
imposed  on  imports  of  molybdenum  wires  originating  in  the  PRC  were  being 
circumvented  by  imports  of  molybdenum  wire,  containing  by  weight  at  least  97  %  of 

EN 

46 

   EN 

 
 
molybdenum,  of  which  the  maximum  cross-sectional  dimension  exceeds  4,0  mm  but 
does  not  exceed  11,0  mm,  originating  in  the  PRC.  Therefore,  in  accordance  with  the 
first  sentence  of  Article  13(1)  of  the  basic  Regulation,  the  existing  anti-dumping 
measures on imports of the product concerned originating in the PRC were extended to 
imports  of  molybdenum  wire,  containing  by  weight  at  least  97%  of  molybdenum,  of 
which  the  maximum  cross-sectional  dimension  exceeds  4,0  mm  but  does  not  exceed 
11,0 mm, originating in the PRC. 

4.3. 

Safeguard investigations 

Safeguard measures have always been and remain an instrument which the Commission 
would only apply in truly exceptional circumstances. Indeed, they are only used where 
it is clear that, applying the highest standards, such measures are necessary and justified 
because, due to unforeseen circumstances, there has been a surge in imports and this has 
caused or threatens to cause serious damage to the EU industry.  

The  Commission  expects  the  EU’s  commercial  partners  to  follow  a  similarly  strict 
approach. However, more and more countries are adopting safeguard measures, often in 
circumstances which do not appear to be entirely in line with Article XIX of the GATT 
1994,  the  WTO  Agreement  on  Safeguards  and  other  WTO  rules.  Consequently,  the 
activities of the Commission in relation to safeguards is more and more driven towards 
the defence of the export interests of EU producers, if necessary at WTO level. 

There was no safeguard activitity by the EU in 2015 and no measures in place – Annex 
L.  

5. 

ENFORCEMENT OF ANTI-DUMPING/COUNTERVAILING MEASURES 

Globalisation  of  trade  led  to  greater  possibilities  for  circumventing  or  otherwise 
reducing the effectiveness of anti-dumping and countervailing measures. To address this 
problem, throughout 2015 the TDI services continued their follow-up activities aimed at 
ensuring  that  measures  were  effectively  enforced.  In  the  framework  of  an  integrated 
approach  measures were considered  in all their forms - duties and undertakings – and 
synergy  was  sought  between  the  TDI  services  and  enforcement-oriented  services 
(OLAF, DG Taxud and customs authorities in Member States).  

5.1. 

Follow-up of measures 

The follow-up  activities concerning measures in force are centred on four main areas: 
(1)  to  pre-empt  fraud,  by  defining  risk-related  areas,  alerting  customs  authorities  and 
assessing the feedback from customs and economic operators; (2) to monitor trade flows 
and  market  developments;  (3)  to  improve  the  effectiveness  with  the  appropriate 
instruments (new investigation, interim review, newcomer review, contact with national 
administrations)  and  (4)  to  react  to  irregular  practices  by  enhancing  the  co-operation 
with enforcement-related services (OLAF and national customs) and by initiating anti-
absorption or anti-circumvention investigations. 

5.2.  Monitoring of undertakings 

Monitoring  of  undertakings  forms  part  of  the  enforcement  activities,  given  that 
undertakings  are  a  form  of  AD  or  CVD  measures.  They  are  accepted  by  the 
Commission if it is satisfied that they can effectively eliminate the injurious effects of 
dumping or subsidisation. 

EN 

47 

   EN 

 
 
At  the  beginning  of  2015,  there  were  129  undertakings  in  force.  During  2015,  the 
following changes to the portfolio of undertakings took place: The undertakings of six 
companies were withdrawn as it was established that breaches had occurred or that the 
monitoring  of  the  undertakings  became  impracticable  (crystalline  silicon  photovoltaic 
modules and key components (i.e. cells) originating in or consigned from the People's 
Republic of China). The undertaking for one company expired (certain aluminium foils 
originating in Brazil)) This brought the total number of undertakings in force at the end 
of 2015 to 122. 

6. 

REFUNDS  

Articles  11(8)  and  21(1)  of  the  basic  Regulations  allow  importers  to  request  the 
reimbursement  of 
the 
dumping/subsidy margin, on the basis of which duties were paid, has been eliminated or 
reduced to a level below that of the duty in force. 

the  relevant  collected  duties  where 

is  shown 

that 

it 

During 2015, 45 new refund requests were submitted. At the end of 2015, nine refund 
investigations were on-going, covering 79 requests. In 2015, 14 Commission Decisions 
were adopted: 13 granting a partial refund and one rejecting the refund requests. Three 
requests were withdrawn. 

7. 

TDI MODERNISATION  

Following  the  adoption  of  a  legislative  proposal  and  a  communication  by  the 
Commission in April 2013, the modernisation proposal entered the ordinary legislative 
procedure in Council and Parliament.  

The  aim  of  the  modernisation  exercise  was  to  adapt  the  trade  defence  instruments 
(TDIs)  to  current  business  realities.  It  focused  on  finding  practical  solutions  to  real 
problems  which  stakeholders  encounter  in  the  use  of  the  instruments.  Thus,  the  TDIs 
would become more accessible and measures better targeted responses to certain unfair 
trading  practices  exercised  by  our  trading  partners.  Other  important  elements  were 
increased  transparency,  particular  attention  to  SMEs,  while  keeping  the  balance  of 
interests an essential feature.    

The  Parliament  voted  a  legislative  resolution  in  April  2014  and  thus  closed  its  first 
reading  on  the  TDI  modernisation  proposal.  It  has  been  ready  to  enter  into  trilogues 
since then. However, the Council has not been able to find a compromise, despite the 
efforts, in particular, of the Italian presidency of the Council in the second half of 2014. 
The main stumbling block was the partial non-application of the lesser duty rule in cases 
of  raw  material  distortions.  Mainly  over  this  issue,  the  Council  remained  divided 
between  Member  States  favouring  producing  interests  and  Member  States  favouring 
importing interests. 

In 2015, in the context of the steel crisis, interest in the modernisation file in the Council 
was  revived.  The  Commission  presented  further  ideas  in  order  to  facilitate  agreement 
among Member States and in view of the Council starting trilogues with the Parliament.  

8. 

COUNTRY-WIDE MARKET ECONOMY STATUS (MES) 

In  an  anti-dumping  investigation,  Commission  services  usually  compare  the  export 
price of a product with its 'normal value', which is the price paid in the domestic market 
of the exporting country or a constructed normal value (Article 2 (1) of the basic anti-

EN 

48 

   EN 

 
dumping regulation). However, this methodolgoy can only be used if costs and prices in 
the exporting country are reliable and the result of supply and demand, i.e. not subject to 
significant distortions. For the specific purpose of applying the EU basic anti-dumping 
regulation, the current practice is that a country can be considered a market economy if 
it fulfils five criteria.. These criteria are:  

a  low  degree  of  government  influence  over  the  allocation  of  resources  and 
i. 
decisions of enterprises, whether directly or indirectly (e.g. public bodies), for example 
through  the  use  of  state-fixed  prices,  or  discrimination  in  the  tax,  trade  or  currency 
regimes; 

an absence of state-induced distortions in the operation of enterprises linked to 

ii. 
privatisation and the use of non-market trading or compensation system; 

the  existence  and  implementation  of  a  transparent  and  non-discriminatory 
iii. 
company law which ensures adequate corporate governance (application of international 
accounting  standards,  protection  of  shareholders,  public  availability  of  accurate 
company information); 

iv. 
the existence and implementation of a coherent, effective and transparent set of 
laws  which  ensure  the  respect  of  property  rights  and  the  operation  of  a  functioning 
bankruptcy regime; 

the  existence  of  a  genuine  financial  sector  which  operates  independently  from 
v. 
the state and which in law and practice is subject to sufficient guarantee provisions and 
adequate supervision. 

Six  countries  requested  country-wide  MES:  China,  Vietnam,  Armenia,  Kazakhstan, 
Mongolia  and  Belarus.  Companies  from  non-market  economy  countries  which  are 
members of the WTO have the possibility to request market economy treatment on an 
individual basis in the context of anti-dumping investigations.  

8.1. 

China 

China is undoubtedly the most important MES applicant country and the first of the six 
countries to have requested the status. 

In 2015 no consultations took place between the EU and China to examine whether or 
not  the  country  meets  the  remaining  four  MES  criteria  (the  second  criterion  was 
considered fulfilled in 2004).  Since 2012 China has not engaged in this process.  This 
lack  of  engagement  in  this  process  is  interpreted  as  a  sign  that  China  expects  that,  as 
from  December  2016,  the  EU  will  change  the  methodology  used  for  calculating 
dumping margin in cases concerning that country. During 2015 the Commission started 
its examination of the implications of the expiry of certain provisions of Section 15 of 
China's  Protocol  of  Accession  to  the  WTO.    The  analysis  of  the  legal,  economic  and 
political  issues  surrounding  this  issue  continued  throughout  2015.  This  provided  the 
basis  for  a  discussion  by  the  College  in  an  orientation  debate  early  in  January  2016 
where  it  was  decided  to  launch  an  Impact  Assessment  and  public  consultation  on  the 
matter.  The  Commission  continues  work  on  the  future  policy  in  light  of  the  expiry  of 
certain provisions of China’s Protocol of Accession to the WTO.  

8.2. 

Vietnam 

In June 2015 the Commission services shared an assessment report with Vietnam on its 
progress  in  relation  to  MES,  in  which  the  third  criterion  was  considered  as  being 
fulfilled. The report also concluded that, despite some progress in relation to the other 

EN 

49 

   EN 

 
criteria,  it  was  not  sufficient  to  justify  the  granting  of  any  of  the  remaining  three  (the 
first criterion was considered fulfilled in 2013). 

8.3. 

Armenia 

In October 2015, Armenia responded to questions which the Commission had sent the 
previous December seeking additional information and clarification on developments in 
the  economy  in  order  to  update  the  MES  assessment.    The  assessment  on  the  file 
continued  in  the  last  quarter  of  2015  on  the  basis  of  the  new  information  received. 
Armenia  had  already  met  two  criteria,  back  in  2010,  namely  criterion  one  as  well  as 
criterion five. However further work on their MES request was in hiatus betwwen 2010 
and 2014 when the country prioritised the DCFTA negotiations with the EU rather than 
the question of MES. Only in February 2014, did Armenia ask to revive the process  

8.4. 

Kazakhstan 

In 2015, further analysis was conducted on Kazakhstan's MES request on the basis of 
information  provided  on  developments  in  the  economy  there.    This  analysis  will 
continue into 2016 as there were developments in the Kazakhstan economy during 2015 
which will be further analysed in the assessment.  

8.5.  Mongolia 

In March 2015, Mongolia submitted updated information regarding developments in the 
economy.  The  analysis  of  the  information  received  continued  in  2015.  However  the 
analysis  was  not  completed  as  additional  information  regarding  the  remaining  criteria 
was needed.  

8.6. 

Belarus 

In  2015  there  were  no  developments  on  the  Belarus  MES  file.  The  Commission  had 
decided already in 2010 to put the consultations with the authorities of the Republic of 
Belarus on hold due to the political situation in the country. As soon as the situation in 
Belarus  changes  the  Commission  is  ready  to  continue  the  MES  analysis  on  receipt  of 
updated information from Belarus.  

9. 

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION ACTIVITIES / BILATERAL CONTACTS 

9.1. 

Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) 

During 2015, the SME helpdesk received and dealt with many requests for information, 
relating  to  specific  cases  as  well  as  more  broad  raging  queries  addressing  procedural 
and  substantive  elements  of  proceedings.  The  TDI  website  also  specifically  highlights 
SME's  role  in  TDI  proceedings  and  offers  practical  advice  and  help.  The  special 
helpdesk was set up to help SMEs deal with the specific challenges  they face in TDI 
investigations due to their small size, resource limitations and their fragmentation.   

9.2. 

Bilateral  contacts/information  activities  –  EU  economic  operators  
including their key stakeholder associations and third countries 

Explaining the legislation and practice of the EU's trade defence activity is an important 
part of the work of the TDI services. 

The  Commission  organized  one  training  seminar  on  trade  defence  for  officials  from 
several  third  countries  in  2015  (Participants  from  India,  Vietnam,  Jordan,  Tunisia  and 
Japan).  In  addition,  there  were  a  number  of  other  bilateral  contacts  dedicated  to 

EN 

50 

   EN 

 
discussing  various  trade  defence  topics  with  a  number  of  third  countries  including 
China, Japan, Australia, Brazil, Mexico, Turkey, USA, Russia (Eurasian Commission). 

In  2015  the  trade  defence  services  held  a  number  of  meetings  with  European  key 
stakeholder  associations  (e.g.  Business  Europe).  One  of  the  main  subjects  discussed 
related  to  the  expiry  in  December  2016  of  certain  provisions  of  section  15  of  the 
Protocol of Accession of China to the WTO.    

10. 

JUDICIAL  REVIEW:  DECISIONS  GIVEN  BY  THE  COURT  OF  JUSTICE  / 

11 
COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE 

11.1.  Overview of the judicial reviews in 2015. 

In 2015, the General Court ('GC') and the Court of Justice ('CJ') rendered 27 judgments 
in total relating to the areas of anti-dumping or anti-subsidy. Two of the judgments of 
the Court of Justice concerned appeals against the General Court.  

11.2.  Cases pending 

A list of the anti-dumping/anti-subsidy cases before the GC and the CJ still pending at 
the end of 2015 is given in Annex S (39 before the GC and 23 before the CJ). 

11.3.  New cases 

20 new cases were lodged in 2015 (compared to 37 in 2014, 33 in 2013, 23 in 2012, 16 
in 2011 and 13 in 2010). Five of these were lodged before the GC (including one referal 
from the CJ to the GC) and 15 before the CJ (including 14 appeals). 

11.4. 

Judgments rendered by the General Court 

In  2015,  the  General  Court  (GC)  rendered  21  judgments/orders  relating  to  the  area  of 
anti-dumping policy. Details of some of the cases are set out below. 

Ferro-silicon  originating  in  Russia  -  T-466/12  -  RFA  International  v  Commission  – 

Judgment of 17 March 2015. 

On 17 March 2015, the GC dismissed an action brought by RFA International seeking 
the  partial  annulment  of  Commission  Decisions  of  10  August  2012  concerning 
applications  for  a  refund  of  anti-dumping  duties  paid  on  imports  of  ferro-silicon 
originating in Russia, in which the Commission rejected the Applicant’s claim. 

The main issue concerned the deduction of selling, general and administrative expenses 
(SG&A) and profit when constructing the export price. This deduction should allegedly 
not have been made or should have only been made partially because the Applicant (a 
Swiss  importer  of  the  Russian  exporters)  and  the  Russian  exporters  form  a  single 
economic  entity  (SEE).  Regarding  the  construction  of  the  export  price  under  Article 
2(9) of the basic Regulation, the GC accepted that the export price may be constructed 
whenever there is an association between the exporter and the importer, without a need 
to  further  justify  such  a  construction.  The  interested  party  who  intends  to  dispute  the 
extent of the adjustments made on the basis of Article 2(9) of the basic Regulation has 
the burden of proof. Hence, if this party deems the adjustments to be excessive it must 
supply specific evidence and calculations justifying those claims and, in particular, the 
alternative  rate.  In  this  particular  case,  the  Applicant  did  not  manage  to  provide  such 
specific evidence justifying its claim. 

The GC confirmed previous case-law according to which where there is an association 
between producer and importer within the Union the reasonable profit margin referred 

EN 

51 

   EN 

 
to in the third subparagraph of Article 2(9) of the basic Regulation may not be based on 
information from the associated importer, which may be influenced by that association, 
but on information from an unrelated importer. 

The judgment is appealed. 

Bicycles originating in the People’s Republic of China - T-412/13 and T-413/13 - Chin 

Haur v Council and City Cycle v Council – Judgments of 19 March 2015. 

On  19  March  2015,  the  GC  rendered  its  judgments  in  cases  T-412/13  and  T-413/13 
regarding an action for the partial annulment of Council Implementing Regulation (EU) 
No 501/2013  of  29 May 2013 extending the definitive anti-dumping duty imposed  by 
Implementing  Regulation  (EU)  No  990/2011  on  imports  of  bicycles  originating  in  the 
People’s Republic of China to imports of bicycles consigned from Indonesia, Malaysia, 
Sri  Lanka  and  Tunisia,  whether  declared  as  originating  in  Indonesia,  Malaysia,  Sri 
Lanka and Tunisia or not. 

In case T-412/13, on substance, Chin Haur (Indonesia) put forward three pleas in law in 
support of its action. The GC rejected all three pleas, except the second part of the first 
plea.  In  case  T-413/13,  the  City  Cycle  (Sri  Lanka)  put  forward  five  pleas  in  law  in 
support of its action. The GC rejected all five pleas, except the second part of the first 
plea. 

The  first  plea  in  law  alleged  infringements  of  Articles  13(1)  and  18(1)  of  the  basic 
Regulation. The first part of the first plea concerned the change in the pattern of trade, 
the first of the four substantive conditions set by Article 13 of the basic Regulation for 
extending anti-dumping duties. The GC found that the EU Institutions had not erred in 
concluding that there had been a change in the pattern of trade between Indonesia and 
the Union. Similar conclusion was drawn regarding Sri Lankan exports to the Union. 

The second part of the first plea concerned the carrying out of transhipment operations 
by the Applicant. The GC found that the information provided by the Applicant at first 
instance  during  the  investigation  had  been  deficient,  contradictory  and  unverifiable. 
However,  it  also  found  that  the  Council  did  not  have  sufficient  evidence  in  order  to 
conclude  that  the  Applicant  did  not  have  sufficient  production  capacity  to  justify  the 
volumes  exported  to  the  European  Union  and  that  it  was  therefore  involved  in 
transhipment operations. The second part of the first plea in law was upheld. 

The second plea in law alleged infringements of Article 18 of the basic Regulation.  

In  case  T-412/13,  the  plea  referred  to  the  application  of  Article  18  of  the  basic 
Regulation, the obligation to state reasons and the principle of proportionality. The GC 
established  that  the  data  provided  by  the  Applicant  had  proved  incomplete, 
contradictory  and  unverifiable,  and  that  difficulties  had  been  encountered  during  the 
verification  visit.  The  GC  found  that  the  Applicant  had  not  provided  the  necessary 
information  capable  of  showing  that  it  was  indeed  a  producer  of  Indonesian  origin  or 
that  it  satisfied  the  criteria  laid  down  in  Article  13(2)  of  the  basic  Regulation,  and 
because  the  information  was  in  any  event  not  verifiable.  Concerning  the  statement  of 
reasons,  the  GC  found  that,  while  the  exact  nature  of  the  facts  available  was  not 
expressly  listed  in  the  contested  Regulation,  it  was  apparent  from  a  large  number  of 
recitals of the contested Regulation that 'the facts available include all the data used by 
the Council in order to conclude that there was circumvention by the Applicant'. Finally, 
as  whether  it  was  proportionate  to  disregard  all  the  information  submitted  by  the 
Applicant on transhipment, the GC rejected the argument because the Applicant had in 

EN 

52 

   EN 

 
any  event  'failed  to  provide  the  information  showing  that  it  was  indeed  an  Indonesian 
exporter  or  that  it  satisfied  the  criteria  laid  down  in  Article  13(2)  of  the  basic 
Regulation'. 

In case T-413/13, the plea referred also to the procedural rights of the Applicant . The 
GC  concluded  that  because  the  Applicant  had  had  the  opportunity  to  develop  its 
position  on  numerous  occasions  during  the  administrative  procedure,  and  because  the 
Commission had always clearly established the nature of the information requested, the 
Applicant had had a fair hearing and that this part of the second claim was unfounded. 

The judgments are appealed. 

Ferro-silicon originating, inter alia, in Russia – T-169/12 – CHEMK and KF v Council 

- Judgment of 28 April 2015. 

On 28 April 2015, the GC dismissed an action brought by Russian exporters seeking the 
annulment of Council Implementing Regulation (EU) No 60/2012 of 16 January 2012 
terminating the partial interim review pursuant to Article 11(3) of Regulation (EC) No 
1225/2009  of  the  anti-dumping  measures  applicable  to  imports  of  ferro-silicon 
originating, inter alia, in Russia.   

The  Commission  conducted  a  partial  interim  review  limited  to  dumping  concerning 
imports of ferro-silicon from Russia. This partial interim review was terminated without 
amending the measures by Regulation 60/2012 because the Commission did not find a 
lasting change of circumstances. The Russian exporting producers contested the finding 
of  no  lasting  change  of  circumstances.  They  also  challenged  the  fact  that  the 
Commission  refrained  from  calculating  the  precise  amount  of  the  dumping  margin 
because it came to a conclusion that there had been no lasting change of circumstances. 
The GC dismissed both these claims. 

The GC held that the interim review concerning dumping requires both a retrospective 
examination  and  a  prospective  examination,  both  having  to  show  that  it  is  no  longer 
necessary  to  continue  to  impose  the  measure  in  force  because  this  is  precisely  the 
objective of an interim review. The need to carry out the review of a measure in force is 
subject  to  the  finding  (i)  that  the  circumstances  concerning  the  dumping  have 
significantly changed and (ii) that those changes are lasting. Therefore, if either of those 
cumulative  conditions  is  not  satisfied,  the  Commission  may  conclude  that  there  is  a 
need to continue to impose that measure in force. 

As regards the order in which these two analyses, i.e. retrospective (what has changed 
from  the  imposition  until  the  review)  and  prospective  (whether  the  change  will  last), 
have to be carried out, the GC ruled that Article 11(3) of the basic Regulation does not 
contain  any  indication  as  regards  the  order  in  which  those  two  examinations  must  be 
conducted.  While  referring  to  the  wide  discretion  the  Commission  has  in  TDI 
investigations,  the  GC  held  that  if  the  prospective  assessment  does  not  establish  the 
need  to  continue  to  impose  the  measures,  it  is  unnecessary  for  the  EU  Institutions  to 
carry out a detailed retrospective assessment and, therefore, in respect of the dumping, 
to perform a detailed calculation of the dumping margin. Therefore, because of the wide 
discretion the Commission has in interim reviews, the Commission may, if it considers 
it appropriate to do so, begin with the prospective examination and then, if it concludes 
that  the  change  of  circumstances  which  resulted  in  a  reduction  or  elimination  of 
dumping  found  in  the  original  investigation  is  not  lasting,  may  refrain  from  precisely 
calculating the dumping margin. 

EN 

53 

   EN 

 
The judgment is appealed. 

Fasteners  from  the  People’s  Republic  of  China  -  T-558/12  and  T-559/12  -  Changshu 
City  Standard  Parts  Factory  v  Council  Ningbo  Jinding  Fastener  Co.,  Ltd  v 
Council – Judgments of 29 April 2015. 

On  28  April  2015,  the  GC  dismissed  the  action  brought  by  two  Chinese  exporting 
producers  seeking  the  annulment  of  Regulation  924/2012,  amending  Regulation 
91/2009  imposing  a  definitive  anti-dumping  duty  on  imports  of  fasteners  from  the 
People’s Republic of China.  

By  the  first  plea  in  law,  the  Applicants  claimed  that  the  contested  regulation  was  in 
breach of Article 2(7)(a), (8), (9), (11) and 9(5) of the basic Regulation and of Article 
2.4.2  WTO  ADA,  because  of  the  way  in  which  the  EU  Institutions  calculated  the 
dumping  margin:  by  comparing  the  normal  value  with  export  prices  of  only  those 
product types manufactured and exported by the Applicants for which the sale price of 
the producer in the analogue country (India), was available, and thus excluding from the 
comparison  the  product  types  which  were  not  produced  and  sold  in  the  analogue 
country. The GC examined whether this approach was compatible with Article 2(11) of 
the basic Regulation and with Article 2.4.2 WTO ADA.  

The GC observed that, although the product types concerned could all be regarded as a 
'similar' product and thus comparable, this was not automatically the case for the prices 
of those product types which were not manufactured and sold by the Indian producer. 
Consequently,  the  GC  established  that  the  absence  of  prices  on  these  product  types 
prevented  a  comparison  from  being  made.  The  GC  then  analysed  whether  the  EU 
Institutions could have used one of the methods laid down in the basic Regulation that 
would allow them to obtain a normal value for the product types which did not have a 
match with the Indian producer, and thus, enabling to take into account prices of all the 
export  transactions  when  calculating  the  dumping  margin,  including:  (i)  any  other 
reasonable basis; (ii) constructed values for the missing product types; (iii) adjustments 
based on physical differences. 

The GC concluded that even if the methods proposed by the Applicants were found to 
be feasible, they would not have ensured a fairer comparison than the one made by the 
EU  Institutions.  The  GC  rejected  the  claims  alleging  infringement  of  Articles  2(7)(a), 
(8), (9) and 9(5) of the basic Regulation.  

The GC also dismissed the second plea in law, whereby the Applicants alleged that by 
rejecting  a  number  of  requests  for  adjustments,  the  EU  Institutions  infringed  Article 
2(10) of the basic Regulation and Article 2.4. WTO ADA. The GC recalled that under 
Article 2(10) of the basic Regulation, the EU Institutions must refuse an adjustment for 
differences  in  factors  which  have  not  been  shown  to  affect  prices,  and  therefore  their 
comparability.  Accordingly,  the  GC  upheld  the  EU  Institutions'  decision  of  rejecting 
some of the adjustments proposed by the Applicants. 

The GC finally dismissed an alternative claim on the breach of the duty to state reasons 
pursuant  to  Article  296  TFEU,  as  it  found  that  the  Applicants  were  properly  able  to 
challenge the reasons for the refusal of their requests for adjustments. 

The judgments are appealed. 

EN 

54 

   EN 

 
Certain fatty alcohols and their blends originating in India, Indonesia and Malaysia - 

T-26/12 - PT Musim Mas v Council – Judgment 25 June 2015. 

On  25  June  2015,  the  GC  delivered  its  judgment  in  case  T-26/12  PT  Musim  Mas 
(PTMM), concerning anti-dumping measures on imports of certain fatty alcohols from 
Indonesia  imposed  by  Council  Regulation  1138/2011  and  dismissed  all  the  claims  as 
unfounded. 

The Applicant put forward four pleas in law. The first plea in law alleged infringement 
of Article 2(10)(i) of the basic Regulation. The second plea in law alleged infringement 
of the first subparagraph of Article 2(10) of the basic Regulation. The third plea in law 
alleged breach of the principle of sound administration. The fourth plea in law alleged 
breach of the general principle of equality and non-discrimination.  

The  central  issue  was  the  existence  of  a  single  economic  entity  (SEE)  and  the 
adjustment for commission under Article 2(10)(i) of the basic Regulation. 

The judgment endorsed the EU Institutions' finding that there was no SEE between the 
Indonesian exporting producer of fatty alcohols, PTMM, and its related trader, ICOF S, 
located  in  Singapore,  as  the  functions  of  the  ICOF  S  were  not  of  an  internal  sales 
department of PTMM. Three factors were found important for this conclusion: a large 
proportion  of  the  sales  of  the  trader  related  to  products  from  unrelated  producers; 
existence of a written contract between PTMM and ICOF S; and a large proportion of 
sales were directly invoiced by the producer, PTMM. 

As for the adjustment for commission under Article 2(10)(i) of the basic Regulation, the 
GC agreed that the EU Institutions demonstrated to the requisite legal standard that the 
adjustment  was  warranted.  The  GC  confirmed  that  the  second  sentence  of  Article 
2(10)(i)  of  the  basic  Regulation  allowed  an  adjustment  to  be  made  in  respect  of  the 
mark-up  received  even  if  the  parties  did  not  act  on  the  basis  of  a  principal-agent 
relationship, but achieved the same result by acting as seller and buyer. In the concrete 
case,  it  was  sufficient  that  inter  alia  ICOF  S  marketed  the  products,  took  care  of 
contracts  with  existing  and  potential  customers,  solicited  and  received  the  orders  and 
negotiated  the  sales,  issued  the  invoices  and  arranged  freight  and  insurance  for 
customers,  then  also  provided  after-sales  service  and  assumed  customer  default  risk. 
The GC added that even if the trader was bearing a certain risk this did not impact its 
functions similar to an agent working on a commission basis. 

The GC has looked at the existence of a SEE and the justification for Article 2(10)(i) 
adjustments as separate issues, specifying that there should be no automatism between 
the non-existence of a single economic entity and the adjustment.  

PTMM  also  claimed  that  the  Council  ought  to  have  made  a  similar  adjustment  for 
commission  to  the  normal  value  since  ICOF  S  also  coordinated  sales  on  the  domestic 
market. The GC rejected this claim as unsubstantiated. 

The GC also dismissed the claim that the adjustment for reasonable profit under Article 
2(9) of the basic Regulation together with the adjustment for commission under Article 
2(10)(i) of the basic Regulation led to an excessive double margin. The GC noted that 
the  adjustments  made  under  Article  2(10)(a)  to  (k)  of  the  basic  Regulation  differ,  as 
regards  their  objective,  from  the  adjustments  made  in  the  construction  of  the  export 
price.  Accordingly, there is nothing to preclude a profit margin being deducted from the 
export price, in accordance with Article 2(9) of the basic Regulation, and an adjustment 
to  that  price  from  subsequently  being  made  under  Article  2(10)(i)  of  the  basic 

EN 

55 

   EN 

 
Regulation, if the conditions for the application of those provisions are satisfied. In the 
light of the independent nature of the adjustments, both of which were justified and not 
excessive, the GC said that it could not be argued that the export price was artificially 
reduced by applying successively the two adjustments. 

The judgment is appealed. 

Bicycles  originating  in  the  People’s  Republic  of  China -  T-425/13  -  Giant  China  v 

Council – Judgment of 26 November 2015. 

On 26 November 2015 the GC delivered its judgment in case T-425/13 Giant v Council 
concerning  Regulation  (EU)  No 502/2013  of  29 May  2013  amending  Implementing 
Regulation  No 990/2011  imposing  a  definitive  anti-dumping  duty  on  imports  of 
bicycles originating in the People’s Republic of China following an ex officio interim 
review  pursuant  to  Article 11(3)  of  the  basic  Regulation  limited  to  dumping.  The  GC 
annulled the contested regulation in so far as Giant was concerned. 

Giant is a group of Chinese exporting producers of bicycles, related to another group of 
companies,  also  involved  in  the  manufacturing  and  sale  of  bicycles,  namely  Jinshan 
group,  through  the  joint  venture  GP.  In  support  of  its  action,  the  Applicant  relied  on 
eight pleas in law.  

The first plea alleged infringement of Article 9(5) of the basic Regulation, in so far as 
the Council applied the wrong legal criterion in finding that Jinshan and the Applicant 
formed a single entity. The second plea alleged a manifest error of assessment, in so far 
as  the  Council  concluded  that  the  companies  of  Giant  and  Jinshan  groups  had  a  close 
structural and commercial relationship. The third plea alleged infringement of Article 18 
of  the  basic  Regulation  and  is  divided  into  two  parts.  In  the  first  part,  the  Applicant 
claimed  that  the  information  requested  was  not  necessary  within  the  meaning  of  the 
abovementioned  provision.  In  the  second  part,  it  stated  that  it  acted  to  the  best  of  its 
abilities  but  could  not  obtain  the  information  requested,  with  the  result  that  the  EU 
Institutions  placed  an  unreasonable  burden  on  it.  The  fourth  plea  alleged  a  manifest 
error  of  assessment,  in  so  far  as  the  Council  considered  that  the  Applicant  had  not 
suggested that obtaining the information relating to Jinshan represented an unreasonable 
burden. The  fifth  plea alleged a manifest  error of assessment, in so far as the Council 
considered that the Applicant’s statements, according to which there was no relationship 
between the Applicant and the other companies belonging to the Jinshan group, could 
not be verified. The sixth plea alleged infringement of the rights of the defence, in so far 
as  the  Council  required  information  which  the  Applicant  was  unable  to  provide  and 
rejected the evidence that was presented to it. The seventh plea alleged a manifest error 
of assessment, in so far as the Council considered that the imposition of an individual 
duty  on  the  Applicant  would  have  created  a  risk  of  circumvention.  The  eighth  plea 
alleged  infringement  of  the  principles  of  non-discrimination  and  proportionality  with 
regard to the criteria applied for assessing the existence of a risk of circumvention. 

The  investigation  established  that  Giant  did  not  report  all  related  companies  for  the 
market economy treatment (MET) determination, notably the Jinshan’s companies, and 
therefore  MET  could  not  be  examined.  The  failure  to  report  Jinshan’s  export  sales  of 
bicycles  to  the  Union  also  led  to  the  use  of  Article  18  of  the  basic  Regulation  to  all 
related companies during the investigation. As a consequence, no individual duty could 
have been calculated for Giant. 

The  GC  disagreed  with  the  application  of  Article  18  of  the  basic  Regulation  to  all 
related  companies  and  the  refusal  to  assign  an  individual  duty  to  Giant.  The  GC  also 

EN 

56 

   EN 

 
found that the risk of circumvention that normally exists between related companies had 
to be proven but it was not in this particular case. For these reasons, the GC annulled the 
contested regulation. 

The judgement is appealed. 

Certain compressors originating in the People’s Republic of China - T-73/12, T-74/12, 
T-75/12  and  T-76/12-  Einhell,  Mecafer,  Nu  Air  Polska  and  Nu  Air 
Compressors v Commission- Judgments of 18 November 2015. 

On  18  November  2015,  the  GC  delivered  its  judgments  in  cases  T-73/12  Einhell,  T-
74/12  Mecafer,  T-75/12  Nu  Air  Polska  and  T-76/12  Nu  Air  Compressors  concerning 
several  Commission  decisions  for  refund  of  paid  duties  on  compressors  from  the 
People’s Republic of China. The anti-dumping duties on imports of compressors from 
the People’s Republic of China expired in March 2010, they had been in force for two 
years (Council Regulation 261/2008). 

An unrelated and three related importers challenged the partial refunds and alleged two 
main  issues  –  the  use  of  the  profit  of  the  unrelated  importer  from  the  original 
investigation  for  the  construction  of  the  export  price  under  Article  2(9)  of  the  basic 
Regulation and the duty as a cost under Article 11(10) of the basic Regulation. The first 
issue was not reviewed by the GC. 

With regard to the second issue, in essence, the importers contested the PCN-by-PCN 
method used by the Commission. They argued that where the turnover increased at least 
by  the  level  of  the  duty  in  comparison  with  the  original  investigation  figures,  this 
represented  conclusive  evidence  for  the  pass  on  of  the  duty  into  the  resale  prices  as 
required by Article 11(10) of the basic Regulation. Alternatively, they put forward that 
if the duty was passed on for some PCNs, it must not be deducted for these PCNs. 

The GC upheld the PCN-by-PCN method extensively. It regarded it as an appropriate, 
accurate  and  preferable  technique,  in  full  compliance  with  Article  11(10)  of  the  basic 
Regulation, allowing establishing whether the related importer changed its conduct and 
not undermining the uniqueness of the product. 

Furthermore,  the  GC  confirmed  that  Article  11(10)  of  the  basic  Regulation  did  not 
provide  for  assessing  the  reflection  of  the  duty  on  the  basis  of  a  mere  increase  of 
turnover.  It  found  that  in  fact  this  provision  does  not  set  a  specific  method  and 
subsequently it must be held that several methods exist (including notably a transaction-
by-transaction method and methods not based a comparison between selling prices). It 
further stated that the  fact  that  the  PCN-by-PCN  method  is nowhere  mentioned in the 
basic Regulation does not demonstrate that it was illegal or manifestly incorrect. 

Nonetheless,  the  GC  criticised  the  concept  of  full  (non-)deduction,  and  advocated  a 
'partial' (non-)deduction. The GC pointed out to a parallelism between Articles 2(9) and 
11(10) of the basic Regulation. It stated that the use of the PCN-by-PCN method occurs 
upstream  from  the  calculation  of  the  dumping  margin.  The  calculation  of  a  dumping 
margin per PCN meant that the decision for the pass on has to be made at that stage and 
applied at that stage. This would result in no deduction of the paid duties for any PCN 
where the duty was passed on. Consequently, it partly annulled the refund decisions as 
far as this aspect was concerned. 

11.5. 

Judgments rendered by the Court of Justice 

In 2015, the CJ rendered 6 judgments relating to the area of anti-dumping. Two of those 
judgments concerned appeals against the judgments of the GC and four judgments were 

EN 

57 

   EN 

 
in  reply  to  requests  for  a  preliminary  ruling.  Details  of  some  of  the  cases  are  set  out 
below. 

Certain  aluminium  foil  originating  in  Armenia,  Brazil  and  the  People’s  Republic  of 

China – C-21/14 P - Rusal Armenal v Council - Judgment of 16 July 2015. 

On  16  July  2015,  the  CJ  delivered  its  judgment  in  which  it  upheld  the  appeal  of  the 
Commission against the judgment of the GC of 5 November 2013 in the case T-512/09, 
Rusal Armenal v Council.  

The  Commission  appealed  the  GC's  judgment  on  procedural  and  substantial  grounds. 
On  substance,  the  Commission  submitted  that  the  GC  was  wrong  in  assuming  that,  in 
adopting  Article  2(7)(c)  of  the  basic  Regulation,  the  EU  legislature  sought  to  comply 
with obligations arising from WTO law. Therefore, that law could not be relied on as a 
criterion  for  examining  the  lawfulness  of  the  basic  Regulation,  particularly  given  that 
WTO  ADA  does  not  as  such  prohibit  the  normal  value  from  being  determined  on  the 
basis of the analogue country methodology. The Commission also noted that the simple 
fact that the WTO ADA is silent on a specific situation does not mean that the relevant 
provision in the basic Regulation would be as such WTO incompatible. 

The  CJ  accepted  the  Commission's  argument  on  substance.  First,  the  CJ  recalled  that 
legality  of  EU  legislation  can  be  reviewed  in  the  light  of  international  agreements  to 
which the EU is a party where the nature and the broad logic of such agreements do not 
preclude  it  where  the  provisions  of  the  relevant  international  agreements  appear  to  be 
unconditional and sufficiently precise. This is not the case of the WTO Agreements. 

As a second step, the CJ confirmed that there are, however, two exceptional situations 
where the EU Courts should review the legality of an EU act in the light of the rules of 
the  WTO  agreements.  One  of  them  arises  where  the  EU  intended  to  implement  a 
particular  obligation  assumed  in  the  context  of  the  agreements  concluded  with  the 
WTO,  the  other  exception  is  given  where  an  EU  act  refers  explicitly  to  specific 
provisions of the WTO Agreements. 

Since the GC concluded that, by adopting Article 2 of the basic Regulation, the EU had 
intended  to  implement  particular  obligations  created  by  Article  2  WTO  ADA,  the  CJ 
proceeded, in a third step, to assessing whether the GC established the alleged intention 
of the EU legislator to implement a particular obligation assumed in the context of the 
WTO Agreement to the requisite legal standard. 

The  conclusions  of  the  CJ  in  that  respect  were  that  the  GC  erred  in  law  since  Article 
2(7) of the basic Regulation is the expression of the EU legislature’s intention to adopt 
an approach specific to the EU legal order. According to CJ, it is also apparent that the 
rules laid down in Article 2(7) of the basic Regulation and applicable to imports from 
non-market  economy  countries  which  are  members  of  the  WTO  are  based  on  the 
emergence,  in  those  countries,  following  the  economic  reforms  adopted,  of  firms  for 
which market-economy conditions prevail. Since there are no specific rules relating to 
such a category of countries in WTO ADA, a correlation cannot be established between, 
on the one hand, the rules in Art 2(7) of the basic Regulation and, on the other, the rules 
set out in Article 2 WTO ADA. It follows, according to CJ, that that basic Regulation 
provision cannot be considered to be a measure intended to ensure the implementation 
in  the  EU  legal  order  of  a  particular  obligation  assumed  in  the  context  of  the  WTO. 

EN 

58 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Rather,  the  EU  legislature  exercised  its  regulatory  competence,  as  regards  the 
calculation of normal value in respect of imports from non-market  economy countries 
members of the WTO. 

Since there are no specific rules relating to economies in transition in the WTO ADA, 
Article  2(7)  of  the  basic  Regulation  cannot  be  seen  an  implementation  of  the  WTO 
ADA.  

Integrated  electronic  compact  fluorescent  lamps  (CFL-i)  originating  in  the  People’s 
Republic  of  China  -  C-511/13  -  Philips  Lightning  Poland  SA  and  Philips 
Lightning BV v Council – Judgment of 8 September 2015. 

By their appeal, Philips Lighting Poland SA (‘Philips Poland’) and Philips Lighting BV 
(‘Philips  Netherlands’)  sought  to  have  set  aside  the  judgment  in  case  T(cid:31)469/07,  by 
which the GC dismissed their action for the annulment of Council Regulation (EC) No 
1205/2007 of 15 October 2007 imposing anti-dumping duties on imports of integrated 
electronic  compact  fluorescent  lamps  (CFL-i)  originating  in  the  People’s  Republic  of 
China following an expiry review. 

In a judgment delivered on 8 September 2015, the GC dismissed the appeal. 

As first ground of appeal, the Applicants claimed that the GC had erred in interpreting 
that  Article  9(1)  of  the  basic  Regulation  allows  the  Commission  to  continue  an 
investigation in a situation where the complaint had not been withdrawn, but the support 
to  that  complaint  had  merely  fallen.  The  Applicants  sustained  that  such  an  extensive 
interpretation  had  no  basis  in  the  wording  of  Article  9(1)  of  the  basic  Regulation  and 
that it was not supported by the EU Institutions' practice. 

The CJ upheld the GC's findings. In particular, the CJ determined that, since, in the case 
where a complaint or request for a review is withdrawn, the EU Institutions concerned 
may  continue  with  the  investigation,  that  must  apply  a  fortiori,  when  the  degree  of 
support for a complaint or request for a review merely falls. In this regard, the CJ noted 
that  a  fall  of  support  amongst  Union  producers  will  not  necessarily  lead  to  the 
termination  of  an  investigation  even  if  that  fall  of  support  corresponds  to  a  level  of 
production  which  is  below  one  of  the  two  thresholds  laid  down  in  Article  5(4)  of  the 
basic Regulation.  

By  the  second  ground  in  appeal,  the  appellants  claimed  that  the  GC  misinterpreted 
Articles 4(1) and 5(4) of the basic Regulation when defining the Union industry, as it 
did not take into account the second cumulative criterion (i.e. having the support of at 
least  50%  of  the  Union  industry  which  adopted  a  position  on  the  initiation  of  the 
investigation) for determining the 'major proportion' of the Union industry.  

The CJ again fully upheld the GC's findings. The CJ first drew a distinction between the 
two  thresholds  of  Article  5(4)  of  the  basic  Regulation,  this  is:  (1)  50%  of  support 
amongst those companies taking a position (for/against) on the complaint; and (2) 25% 
of support out of the total Union production. Then, the CJ went on in establishing that 
the 25% threshold alone was relevant to determining whether those producers represent 
a ‘major proportion’ of the total production of the like product produced by the Union 
industry within the meaning of Article 4(1) of the basic Regulation. Thus, the CJ found 

EN 

59 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
that Articles 4(1) and 5(4) of the basic Regulation could be construed as referring solely 
to the minimum 25% threshold.  
Lastly, the CJ also pointed out that 'major proportion' did not mean the 'majority' of the 
Union production. 

Ceramic  tiles  originating  in  the  People’s  Republic  of  China  –  C-687/13  –  Fliesen-

Zentrum Deutschland - Judgment of 10 September 2015. 

On 10 September 2015, the CJ delivered its judgment in the preliminary ruling case C-
687/13 Fliesen-Zentrum. Through the German national court, an importer that had not 
participated in the investigation contested the validity of Council Regulation 917/2012 
of 12 September 2012 imposing anti-dumping duties on ceramic tiles originating in the 
People’s  Republic  of  China  on  several  grounds.  The  CJ  found  that  the  contested 
regulation was valid. 

The  court  case  involved  mainly  the  choice  of  analogue  country  and  the  sampling 
approach. 

With regard to the analogue country, the question before the CJ was whether due care 
was  exercised  in  the  selection  of  the  US as  the  analogue  country  and  whether  the  US 
was the appropriate choice in the context of the existing significant differences with the 
Chinese market of ceramic tiles. The CJ confirmed that due care was exercised in these 
circumstances  as  other  potential  countries  were  identified  and  contacted.  It  also 
differentiated the case of having cooperation from one country from a case where there 
is  no  cooperation  from  anyone.  It  clarified  that  since  there  was  cooperation  from  a 
potential analogue country, there was no need to examine further Eurostat statistics in 
this case. 

The  CJ  also  reviewed  the  assessment  of  the  appropriateness  of  the  US.  It  held  that 
despite  some  differences,  the  highly  competitive  market  of  the  US  made  it  an 
appropriate choice in the circumstances of this case. 

In  addition,  the  CJ  confirmed  that  rights  of  defence  could  not  be  enjoyed  by  a  non-
participating in the investigation party, while statement of reasons could be challenged 
by a non-participating party. 

Last, with regard to sampling, the CJ again confirmed the approach of the investigation. 
In  this  case,  because  of  the  high  fragmentation,  the  Union  industry  was  selected  by 
dividing it into three segments – large, medium and small enterprises, and by sampling 
the  highest  production/sales  volume  of  each  segment,  ensuring  also  a  geographical 
spread.  The  exporting  producers  on  the  other  hand  were  selected  on  the  basis  of  the 
highest possible volume of exports that could have been examined, as usual. 

The  CJ  held  that  the  sample  of  the  Union  industry  and  the  sample  of  the  exporting 
producers have different objectives and there was no obligation to have them selected in 
the same manner. 

Ceramic  tiles  originating  in  the  People’s  Republic  of  China  –  C-569/13  –  Bricmate  – 

Judgment of 10 September 2015. 

On 10 September 2015, the CJ delivered its judgment in the preliminary ruling case C-
569/13 Bricmate. Through the Swedish national court, the sampled unrelated importer 

EN 

60 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bricmate contested the validity of Council Regulation 917/2012 of 12 September 2012 
imposing anti-dumping duties on ceramic tiles originating in the People’s Republic of 
China on several grounds. The CJ found that the contested regulation was valid. 

The  referring  court  questioned,  in  essence,  whether  Regulation  No  917/2011  was 
invalid  in  that  the  EU  Institutions  (i)  committed  errors  of  fact  and  manifest  errors  of 
assessment  in  the  anti-dumping  investigation  since  they  relied  on  incorrect  Eurostat 
statistics for the purposes of establishing the injury to the Union industry and the causal 
link between the imports and the injury and (ii) infringed their obligation to exercise due 
care under Article 3(2) and (6) of the basic Regulation when they stated that no changes 
to official statistics had been confirmed. 

The  CJ  reviewed  the  matter  in  substance  and  for  the  procedure.  On  the  substance  it 
agreed  that  given  that  none  of  the  injury  indicators  was  decisive  and  all  should  be 
assessed together, the particular changes in some of them (total volume, average price, 
market  share,  price  differential)  as  result  of  the  alleged  corrections  did  not  affect  the 
injury  and  causality  findings.  Procedurally,  it  found  that  it  was  on  the  Commission  to 
examine the Eurostat statistics with due care because it was its duty to rely on positive 
evidence and conduct an objective examination. Therefore, if there are indications that 
Eurostat statistics might be inaccurate because of discrepancies the Commission should 
take steps into examining those discrepancies as well as their potential impact.  

Accordingly,  the  GC  held  that  there  were  no  grounds  for  invalidity  of  the  contested 
regulation at stake. 

11. 

ACTIVITIES  IN  THE  FRAMEWORK  OF  THE  WORLD  TRADE  ORGANIZATION 
(WTO) 

12.1.  Dispute  settlement  in  the  field  of  anti-dumping,  anti-subsidy  and 

safeguards 

12.1.1.  Overview of the WTO dispute settlement procedure 

The  WTO  provides  for  a  rigorous  procedure  for  the  settlement  of  disputes  between 
WTO  Members  concerning  the  application  of  the  WTO  agreements.  The  procedure  is 
divided  into  two  main  stages.  The  first  stage,  at  the  level  of  the  WTO  Members 
concerned,  consists  of  a  bilateral  consultation.  Upon  failure  of  the  consultation,  the 
second  stage  can  be  opened  by  requesting  the  WTO  Dispute  Settlement  Body  to 
establish a panel. WTO Members, other than the complaining and defending party, with 
an interest in a given case, can intervene as "third parties" before the panel. The panel 
issues  a  report,  which  can  be  appealed  before  the  Appellate  Body  ('AB')  (each  appeal 
being heard by three members of a permanent seven-member body set up by the Dispute 
Settlement Understanding (DSU)). Both the panel report and the report by the Appellate 
Body are adopted by the Dispute Settlement Body ('DSB') unless the latter rejects the 
report by unanimity. 

The findings of a panel or Appellate Body report have to be implemented by the WTO 
Member  whose  measures  have  been  found  to  be  inconsistent  with  the  relevant  WTO 
Agreements. If the complaining WTO Member is not satisfied with the way the reports 
are implemented, it can ask for the establishment of a so-called “implementation panel”. 
Here too, appeal against the findings of the panel is possible. 

EN 

61 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
It  should  be  noted  that  the  anti-dumping,  anti-subsidy  and  safeguards  measures  are 
among the most common subject matters in WTO dispute settlement.  

Two panels were composed in  2015, i.e. the panel concerning anti-dumping measures 
on  imports  of  biodiesel  from  Indonesia  (DS480)  and  the  panel  regarding  anti-subsidy 
measures imposed on polyethylene terephthalate from Pakistan (DS486). Regarding the 
latter, Pakistan insisted on the continuance of the proceeding despite the expiry of the 
measures subject to the dispute. The first substantive meeting of the panel took place in 
the  dispute  concerning  anti-dumping  measures  imposed  on  fatty  alcohols  from 
Indonesia  (DS442).    In  DS397  (compliance  procedures  following  the  WTO  dispute 
relating to EU definitive anti-dumping measures on certain iron or steel fasteners from 
China), the Panel issued its report in August 2015 which was appealed, both by the EU 
and  China.    One  dispute  proceeding  requested  by    Russia  on  cost  adjustment 
methodologies  and  certain  anti-dumping  measures  was  suspended  on  Russia's  request 
(DS474) while they instigated a second such proceeding on similar issues during 2015 
(DS494).  The  dispute  requested  by  Indonesia  on  anti-dumping  measures  on  biodiesel 
(DS480) was suspended pending the outcome of the dispute with Argentina also relating 
to  measures  on  biodiesel  (AD473)  on  which  the  Panel's  interim  report  was  issued  in 
December 2015.  

12.1.2. Dispute settlement procedures against the Union   

European Communities — Definitive Anti-Dumping Measures on Certain Iron or Steel 
Fasteners from China (DS397) - Compliance proceedings 

In  August  2015,  the  compliance  panel  issued  its  report  in  the  dispute  relating  to  the 
measures  taken  by  the  EU  to  implement  the  recommendations    of  the  DSB  in  the 
dispute  relating  to  EU  definitive  Anti-Dumping  Measures  on  Certain  Iron  or  Steel 
Fasteners from China. The EU lost a number of key compliance issues. Following the 
panel report both the EU and China appealed the findings and the Appelate Body issued 
its report in January 2016. The AB confirmed the Panel's findings as well as overturning 
some  of  the  Panels'  previous  findings  which  had  been  in  favour  of  the  EU.    The  key 
findings are as follows: The Appellate Body found that the dumping calculations must 
be based on all export transactions of the product concerned effectuated by the exporter 
in  a  non-market  economy  even  if  some  product  types  are  not  sold  or  produced  in  the 
analogue country. The Appelate Body also considered that efforts should be made to put 
non-market  econoy  producers  on  an  equal  footing  with  market  economy  producers  in 
relation to access to relevant data regarding the determination of the normal value.     

European Union — Anti-Dumping Measures on Imports of Certain Fatty Alcohols from 
Indonesia (DS442) 

The first substantive meeting of the Panel, which had been established by the DSB in 
2013,  took  place  in  November  2015.    The  panel  had  been  requested  by  Indonesia  in 
relation  to  the  AD  measures  imposed  by  the  EU  on  Certain  fatty  alcohols  from 
Indonesia.  

European Union — Anti-Dumping Measures on Biodiesel from Argentina (DS473) 

In December 2015 the Panel, in the dispute between Argentina and the European Union 
relating  to  the  AD  measures  on  biodiesel,  issued  its  interim  report.  Argentina  had 
requested  the  establishment  of  a  panel  in  March  2014  regarding,  inter  alia,  the 
provisional and definitive anti-dumping measures imposed on biodiesel originating in, 
inter alia, Argentina, as well as the investigation underlying the measures; and, the the 

EN 

62 

   EN 

 
second paragraph  of Article 2(5) of the Basic Anti-Dumping Regulation.   The public 
version of the report became available in March 2016. The main issue before the panel 
concerned the adjustments made to the price of soya beans (input for the production of 
biodiesel)  which  was  found  to  be  unreliable  because  of  the  operation  of  a  distortive 
export  tax  regime.  The  adjustment  was  made  pursuant  to  the  above-mentioned 
provision.  While  the  panel  found  that  the  legal  provision  at  stake  was  not  WTO 
incompatible  as  such,  it  concluded  that  its  application  in  the  circumstances  of  the 
Argentinan producers was WTO inconsistent.  The panel report is under appeal. 

European  Union  —  Cost  Adjustment  Methodologies  and  Certain  Anti-Dumping 
Measures on Imports from Russia (DS474) 

This dispute proceeding is currently suspended on the request or the Russian authorities. 
On  4  June  2014,  the  Russian  Federation  requested  the  establishment  of  a  panel 
regarding,  inter  alia,  “cost  adjustment”  methodologies  used  by  the  EU  for  the 
calculation of dumping margins used in several anti-dumping investigations and reviews 
concerning,  among  others,  imports  from  the  Russian  Federation.  In  early  2014, 
consultations  between  the  European  Union  and  Russia  were  held,  failing  to  reach  a 
mutually agreed solution to the dispute. 

The Panel was established on 22 July 2014 however it has not yet been composed.   

European Union – Anti-Dumping Measures on Biodiesel from Indonesia (DS480) 

In June 2014, Indonesia requested consultations with the European Union regarding: a) 
two provisions, namely Articles 2(5) and 2(6)(b) in Council Regulation (EC) 1225/2009 
of November 2009, which refer to the adjustment or establishment of costs associated 
with  the  production  and  sale  of  products  under  investigation  in  the  determination  of 
dumping  margins;  b)  the  anti-dumping  measures  imposed  on  biodiesel  originating  in, 
inter  alia,  Indonesia,  as  well  as  the  underlying  investigation.  On  30  June  2015, 
Indonesia requested the establishment of a panel. At its meeting on 31 August 2015, the 
DSB  established  a  panel.  Following  the  agreement  of  the  parties  the  panel  was 
composed  on  4  November  2015.  Argentina,  Australia,  Canada,  China,  India,  Japan, 
Norway, the Russian Federation, Singapore, Turkey and the United States reserved their 
third-party rights.   Pending the outcome of DS 473 (concerning anti-dumping measures 
by  the  EU  on  biodiesel  from  Argentina)  the  panel  proceedings  in  this  case  are 
suspended.  

European  Union  -  Countervailing  Measures  on  Certain  Polyethylene  Terephthalate 
from Pakistan (DS486) 

On  28  October  2014,  Pakistan  requested  consultations  with  the  European  Union  with 
respect  to  the  imposition  of  provisional  and  definitive  countervailing  measures  by  the 
EU on imports of certain polyethylene terephthalate from Pakistan, and with respect to 
certain aspects of the investigation underlying those measures. 

On 12 February 2015, Pakistan requested the establishment of a panel. At its meeting on 
25  March  2015,  the  DSB  established  a  panel.  Following  the  agreement  of  the  parties, 
the  panel  was  composed  on  13  May  2015.  China  and  the  United  States  reserved  their 
third-party rights.  

Despite the fact that the countervailing measures under dispute expired on 30 September 
2015, Pakistan insists to continue with the dispute settlement proceeding.  

EN 

63 

   EN 

 
European  Union  —  Cost  Adjustment  Methodologies  and  Certain  Anti-Dumping 
Measures on Imports from Russia (DS494) 

On  7  May  2015,  the  Russian  Federation  requested  consultations  with  the  European 
Union regarding “cost adjustment” methodologies used by the European Union for the 
calculation of dumping margins in anti-dumping investigations and reviews.  This is the 
second such dispute settlement proceedings instigated by Russia (see DS 474 above – 
suspended).  

On  29  May  2015,  Ukraine  requested  to  join  the  consultations.  Subsequently,  the 
European Union informed the DSB that it had accepted the request of Ukraine to join 
the consultations. 

12.2.  Other WTO activities 

With regard to negotiations in the WTO, efforts were made in 2015 to advance on WTO 
rules  as  part  of  the  process  of  preparing  the  10th  WTO  Ministerial  Conference.  This 
process  covered  all  four  rules  areas,  including  anti-dumping  and  horizontal  subsidies, 
and focused on the question of improving transparency. The European Union tabled a 
submission on the subject on 10 July 2015 followed by a technical paper in September. 
On horizontal subsidies the EU ideas foresaw improving the WTO's counter-notification 
mechanism under which WTO Members would be able to provide missing information 
with regard to the notifications of other Members. On anti-dumping, the EU suggested 
introducing  a  review  mechanism  of  WTO  Members'  anti-dumping  policies  and 
practices,  based  on  a  report  prepared  by  the  WTO  secretariat.  While  there  was  some 
interest among WTO Members to advance discussions on how to improve transparency 
regarding anti-dumping procedures, negotiations remained stalled. Ultimately, the 10th 
WTO  Ministerial  Conference  held  in  Nairobi  on  15-18  December  did  not  take  any 
decisions  regarding  rules  negotiations.  Nevertheless,  rules  issues  are  expected  to  be 
taken up as part of the post-Nairobi process. 

The Technical Group, a subgroup of the negotiating group, was convened twice during 
2015. The group discussed a number of issues including; public interest, lesser duty.  

In  parallel  to  these  activities,  participation  by  the  Commission  services  in  the  regular 
work  of  the  Anti-dumping,  Subsidies  and  Countervailing  and  Safeguards  Committees 
continued.  The  Committees  met  twice  in  regular  sessions  to  review  notifications  and 
raise issues of special interest.  The EU’s new and full subsidy notification covering the 
periods 2013 and 2014 was made during 2015.  Review of this notificaion commenced 
during the  autumn meeting of the Subsidies and Countervailing Committee while the 
review  of  the  2013  Subsidy  notification  also  continued.  This  involved  replying,  in 
writing  to  many  questions  from  other  WTO  members  regarding  the  substantive 
elements  of  the  notifications.  Written  replies  were  provided  to  all  the  questions 
received.   

In  October  there  was  a  first  trial  run  of  a  new  approach  to  the  functioning  of  the 
Implementation  Group  which  is  attached  to  the  WTO  Anti-dumping  Committee.  This 
new approach injected new impetus into the work and was favourably received. At the 
first  meeting  under  the  new  approach  in  October  2015  the  subject  discussed  was 
Administrative and Judicial review. The EU participated in the work of the group and 
provided information on the situation regarding judicial review in the EU.  

EN 

64 

   EN 

 
13. 

CONCLUSION 

The year 2015 saw a slight decrease in the number of new investigations opened. This 
was a direct reflection of the number of complaints received from industry that included 
sufficient  evidence  to  support  allegations  of  injurious  dumping  or  subsidies  from  EU 
industry.  There  was  a  significant  increase  in  the  number  of  provisional  and  definitive 
measures imposed, as well as in the number of review investigations.  As was the case 
with previous years, no safeguard action was taken by the EU. 

The  Commission  TDI  services  also  continued  their  information  activities  targeted  at 
third  country  officials,  the  Union  industry  and  importers.    Despite  renewed  interest  in 
the Trade Defence Instruments Modernisation initiative, owing to the crisis in the steel 
sector, and regardless of the continued efforts by the Commission to support progress on 
this file, there was still no mandate for the Council to start trilogues at the end of 2015. 
The work on MES assessments for various countries continued during 2015 as well as 
the  preparatory  work  in  relation  to  the  methodology  for  calculating  dumping  margins 
for China post December 2016 when certain provisions of section 15 of China's protocol 
of Accession to the WTO expire.   

EN 

65 

   EN 

 
LIST OF ANNEXES 

ANNEXES  

SUMMARY 

ANNEX A 

New investigations initiated during the period 1 January - 31 December 2015 

ANNEX B 

New investigations initiated  

ANNEX C 

Imposition of provisional duties in the course of new investigations during the 
period 1 January - 31 December 2015 

ANNEX D 

New investigations concluded by the imposition of definitive duties during the 
period 1 January - 31 December 2015 

ANNEX E 

New investigations terminated without imposition of measures during the period 
1 January - 31 December 2015 

ANNEX F 

Expiry reviews initiated or concluded during the period 1 January - 31 
December 2015 

ANNEX G 

Interim reviews initiated or concluded during the period 1 January - 31 
December 2015 

ANNEX H 

Other reviews concluded during the period 1 January - 31 December 2015 

ANNEX I 

ANNEX J 

New exporter reviews initiated or concluded during the period 1 January - 31 
December 2015 

Anti-absorption investigations initiated or concluded during the period 1 January 
- 31 December 2015 

ANNEX K 

Anti-circumvention investigations initiated or concluded during the period 1 
January - 31 December 2015 

ANNEX L 

Safeguard investigations initiated or concluded during the period 1 January - 31 
December 2015 

ANNEX M 

Undertakings accepted or repealed during the period 1 January - 31 December 
2015 

ANNEX N 

Measures which expired during the period 1 January - 31 December 2015 

ANNEX O 

Definitive anti-dumping measures in force on 31 December 2015 

ANNEX P 

Definitive anti-subsidy measures in force on 31 December 2015 

ANNEX Q 

Undertakings in force on 31 December 2015 

ANNEX R 

Anti-dumping & anti-subsidy investigations pending on 31 December 2015 

ANNEX S 

Court cases pending on 31 December 2015 

ANNEX T 

Safeguard and surveillance measures in force on 31 December 2015 

EN 

66 

   EN 

 
ANNEX A 

New investigations initiated 
during the period 1 January – 31 December 2015 

A. 

Anti-dumping investigations (chronological by date of publication) 

Product 

Country of 
origin 

OJ Reference 

High fatigue performance steel concrete 
reinforcement bars 

P.R. China 

C 143, 30.04.2015, p. 12 

Cold-rolled flat steel products 

Aspartame 

Sodium cyclamate16 

P.R. China 
Russia 

C 161, 14.05.2015, p. 9 

P.R. China 

C 177, 30.05.2015, p. 6 

P.R. China 

C 264, 12.08.2015, p. 32 

Ceramic foam filters 

P.R. China 

C 266, 14.08.2015, p. 14 

Stainless steel tube and pipe butt-welding fittings 

Manganese oxides 

P.R. China 
Taiwan 

Brazil 

Georgia 

India 

Mexico 

C 357, 29.10.2015, p. 5 

C 421, 17.12.2015, p.13 

B. 

Anti-subsidy investigations (chronological by date of publication) 

Product 

Country of 
origin 

OJ Reference 

Tubes and pipes of ductile cast iron 

India 

C 83, 11.03.2015, p. 4 

European sea bass and gilthead sea bream 

Turkey 

C 266, 14.08.2015, p. 4 

Top 

List of Annexes 

16 (limited to two Chinese exporting producers Fang Da Food Additive (Shen Zhen) Limited and Fang Da 

Food Additive (Yang Quan) Limited) 

EN 

67 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
ANNEX B 

A. 

New investigations initiated by product sector during the period 

2011 – 2015 

Product sector 

2011 

2012 

2013 

2014 

2015 

Chemical and allied 

11

Textiles and allied 

Wood and paper 

Electronics 

Other mechanical engineering 

Iron and Steel 

Other metals 

Other 

Of which 

anti-dumping 

anti-subsidy 

-

-

-

1

6

1

2

21

17

4

-

-

-

2

1

11

-

5

19

13

6

1

3

-

-

-

1

-

4

9

4

5

2 

- 

- 

- 

- 

9 

3 

2 

16 

14 

2 

6

-

-

-

-

6

-

2

-

12

2

Top 

List of Annexes 

EN 

68 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
B. 

New investigations initiated by country of export during the period 

2011 – 2015 

Country of origin 

2011 

2012 

2013 

2014 

2015 

Argentina 

Belarus 

Brazil 

P.R. China 

India 

Indonesia 

Georgia 

Japan 

Kazakhstan 

Korea (Rep. of) 

F.Y.R.O.M. 

Mexico 

Oman 

Russia 

Saudi Arabia 

Taiwan 

Thailand 

Turkey 

Ukraine 

U.S.A. 

Vietnam 

Total  

Top 

0

1

-

8

3

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

2

1

2

-

-

1

-

2

-

2

-

-

7

2

3

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

1

1

1

1

-

-

21

19

-

-

-

6

1

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1

9

-

-

1

6

2

-

1

-

-

-

-

1

-

1

-

1

-

1

-

-

- 

- 

- 

6 

2 

- 

- 

1 

- 

1 

- 

- 

- 

2 

- 

1 

- 

2 

- 

1 

- 

16 

14

List of Annexes 

EN 

69 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNEX C 

Imposition of provisional duties in the course of new investigations  
during the period 1 January - 31 December 2015 

A. 

Anti-dumping investigations (chronological by date of publication) 

Product 

Country of origin 

Regulation N° 

OJ Reference 

Stainless steel cold-rolled flat 
products 

P.R. China 
Taiwan 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/501 
of 24.03.2015 

L 79 
25.03.15, p. 23 

Grain-oriented flat-rolled 
products of silicon-electrical 
steel 

P.R. China 
Japan 
Korea, Rep. of 
Russia 
USA 

Acesulfame Potassium (ACE-K) 

P.R. China 

Aluminium foil in big rolls 

Russia 

Tubes and pipes of ductile cast 
iron 

India 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 763 of 
12.05.2015 

L 120 
13.05.2015, p. 10 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/787 
of 19.05.2015 

L 125 
21.05.2015, p. 15 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/1081 
of 03.07.2015 

L 175 
04.07.2015, p. 14 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/1559 
of 18.09.2015 

L 244 
19.09.2015, p. 25 

B. 

Anti-subsidy investigations (chronological by date of publication) 

Product 

Country of origin 

Regulation N° 

OJ Reference 

None 

Top 

List of Annexes 

EN 

70 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNEX D 

New investigations concluded by the imposition of definitive duties 
during the period 1 January - 31 December 2015 

A. 

Anti-dumping investigations (chronological by date of publication) 

Product 

Country of origin 

Regulation N° 

OJ Reference 

Monosodium glutamate 

Indonesia 

Stainless steel cold-rolled flat 
products 

P.R. China 
Taiwan 

Grain-oriented flat-rolled 
products of silicon-electrical 
steel 

P.R. China 
Japan 
Korea (Rep. of) 
Russia 
USA 

Acesulfame Potassium (ACE-
K) 

P.R. China 

Aluminium foil in big rolls 

Russia 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/84 
21.01.2015 

L 15 
22.01.2015, p. 54 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/1429 
26.08.2015 

L 224 
27.08.2015, p. 10 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/1953 
29.10.2015 

L 284 
30.10.2015, P. 109 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/1963 
30.10.2015 

L 287 
31.10.2015, p. 52 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/2385 
17.12.2015  

L 332; 18.12.2015, 
p 91 

B. 

Anti-subsidy investigations (chronological by date of publication) 

Product 

Country of origin 

Regulation N° 

OJ Reference 

Rainbow trout 

Turkey 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/309 
26.02.2015 

L 56 
27.02.2015, p. 12 

Top 

List of Annexes 

EN 

71 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNEX E 

New investigations terminated without the imposition of measures 
during the period 1 January - 31 December 2015 

A. 

Anti-dumping investigations (chronological by date of publication) 

Product 

Country of origin 

Decision N° 

OJ Reference 

Rainbow trout 

Turkey 

Certain aluminium foils 
("converter foils") 

P.R. China 

Commission Impl. Dec. 
(EU) 2015/316 
26.02.2015 

L 56 
27.02.2015 
p. 73 

Commission Impl. Dec. 
(EU) 2015/1928 
23.10.2015 

L 281 
27.10.2015 
p. 16 

B. 

Anti-subsidy investigations (chronological by date of publication) 

Product 

Country of origin 

Decision N° 

OJ Reference 

Stainless steel cold-rolled flat 
products 

P.R. China 

Commission Impl. Dec. 
(EU) 2015/1206 
23.07.2015 

L 196 
24.07.2015, p. 4 

Top 

List of Annexes 

EN 

72 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNEX F 

Expiry reviews initiated or concluded 
during the period 1 January - 31 December 2015 
(chronological by date of publication) 

Product 

Country of origin 

OJ Reference 

Initiated 

Ringbinder mechanisms 

P.R. China 

Silicon metal (silicon) 

P.R. China 

Sodium cyclamate 

Molybdenum wires 

Aluminium road wheels 

Sodium gluconate 

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) 

High tenacity yarn of polyester 

Solar panels (crystalline silicon 
photovoltaic modules and key 
components) (AD+AS) 

Graphite electrode systems (AD+AS) 

P.R. China 
Indonesia 

P.R. China 

P.R. China 

P.R. China 

P.R. China 

P.R. China 

P.R. China 

India 

C 67 
25.02.2015, p. 15 

C 174 
28.05.2015, p. 10 

C 189 
06.06.2015, p. 2 

C 194 
12.06.2015, p. 4 

C 355 
27.10.2015, p. 8 

C 355 
27.10.2015, p. 18 

C 376 
13.11.2015, p. 13 

C 397 
28.11.2015, p. 10 

C 405, 05.12.2015, p. 
8 

C 405, 05.12.2015, p. 
20 

C 415, 15.12.2015, 
p.33 

C 415, 15.12.2015, 
p.25 

Concluded: confirmation of duty 

Product 

Country of 
origin 

Regulation/Decision 
N° 

OJ Reference 

Citric acid 

P.R. China 

Monosodium glutamate 

P.R. China 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/82 
21.01.2015 

L 15 
22.01.2015 
p. 15 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/84 
21.01.2015 

L 15 
22.01.2015 
p. 31 

EN 

73 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
Concluded: confirmation of duty 

Product 

Country of 
origin 

Regulation/Decision 
N° 

OJ Reference 

Welded tubes and pipes of iron or 
non-alloy steel 

Belarus 
P.R. China 
Russia 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/110 
26.01.2015 

L 20 
27.01.2015 
p. 6 

Fasteners, iron or steel 

P.R. China 
(extended to 
Malaysia) 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/519 of 
26.03.2015 

L 82 
27.03.2015 
p. 78 

PSC wires and strands 

P.R. China 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/865 of 
04.06.2015 

L 139 
05.06.2015 
p. 12 

Biodiesel 

Biodiesel (AS) 

USA 
(extended to 
Canada) 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/1518 
14.09.2015 

L 239 
15.09.2015 
p. 69 

USA 
(extended to 
Canada) 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/1519 
14.09.2015 

L 239 
15.09.2015 
p. 99 

Wire rod 

P.R. China 

Tube and pipe fittings, of iron or 
steel 

P.R. China 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/1846 
14.10.2015 

L 268 
15.10.2015 
p. 9 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/1934 
27.10.2015 

L 282 
28.10.2015 
p. 14 

Seamless pipes and tubes of iron 
or steel 

P.R. China 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/2272 
07.12.2015 

L 322, 
08.12.2015, p. 
21 

Aluminium foil in big rolls 

P.R. China 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/2384 
17.12.2015 

L332;18.12.2015, 
p.63 

Concluded: termination and repeal of the measures 

Product 

Country of 
origin 

Regulation/Decision 
N° 

OJ Reference 

Welded tubes and pipes of iron or 
non-alloy steel 

Ukraine 

Candles, tapers and the like 

P.R. China 

Aluminium foil in big rolls 

Brazil 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/110 
26.01.2015 

L 20 
27.01.2015 
p. 6 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/1361 
06.08.2015 

L 210, 
07.08.2015 
p. 3 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/2384 
17.12.2015 

L332;18.12.2015, 
p.63 

EN 

74 

   EN 

 
 
 
ANNEX G 

Interim reviews initiated or concluded 
during the period 1 January - 31 December 2015 
(chronological by date of publication) 

Product 

Initiated 

Country of origin 
(consigned from) 

OJ Reference 

Tube and pipe fittings, of iron or steel Korea, Rep. of 

C 58, 18.02.2015, p. 9 

Solar panels (crystalline silicon 
photovoltaic modules and key 
components) 

Solar panels (crystalline silicon 
photovoltaic modules and key 
components) (AS) 

Biodiesel (exemption) 

Biodiesel (exemption) (AS) 

P.R. China 

C 147, 05.05.2015, p. 4 

P.R. China 

C 147, 05.05.2015, p. 4 

USA 
(Canada) 

USA 
(Canada) 

C 162, 19.05.2015, p. 9 

C 162, 19.05.2015, p. 13 

Silicon metal (silicon) 

P.R. China 

C 286, 01.09.2015, p. 5 

Threaded tube or pipe cast fittings, of 
malleable cast iron 

P.R. China 
Thailand 

C 392, 25.11.2015, p. 14 

Solar panels (crystalline silicon 
photovoltaic modules and key 
components) 

Solar panels (crystalline silicon 
photovoltaic modules and key 
components) (AS) 

P.R. China 

C 405, 05.12.2015, p. 20 

P.R. China 

C 405, 05.12.2015, p. 33 

Stainless steel wires 

India 

C 411, 11.12.2015, p. 4 

Concluded: amendment of duty 

EN 

75 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Country of 
origin 

Regulation/Decision 
N° 

OJ 
Reference 

Product 

Citric acid17 

(consigned 
from) 

P.R. China 

Citric acid18 

P.R. China 

Ceramic tiles 

P.R. China 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/82 
21.01.2015 

L 15 
22.01.2015 
p. 15 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/82 
21.01.2015 

L 15 
22.01.2015 
p. 15 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/409 of 
11.03.2015 

L 67 
12.03.2015 
p. 23 

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) 
(AS) 
- 2 cases - 

India 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/1350 of 
03.08.2015 

L 208 
05.08.2015 
p. 10 

Open mesh fabrics of glass fibres 

India 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/1507 of 
09.09.2015 

L 236 
10.09.2015 
p. 1 

Concluded: termination without amendment of duty 

Product 

Country of 
origin 

Regulation/Decision 
N° 

OJ 
Reference 

(consigned 
from) 

Concluded: termination and repeal of measures 

Product 

Country of 
origin 

Regulation/Decision 
N° 

OJ 
Reference 

None 

None 

17  limited in scope to the examination of dumping as far as Laiwu Taihe Biochemistry Co. Ltd (‘Laiwu 

Taihe’) is concerned 

18 

limited in scope to the examination of the form of the measure and of injury 

EN 

76 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
EN 

77 

   EN 

 
 
 
ANNEX H 

Other reviews initiated or concluded 
during the period 1 January - 31 December 2015 
(chronological by date of publication) 

Initiated 

Product 

Country of origin 

OJ Reference 

Zeolite A powder19 

Bosnia and Herzegovina  C 17, 20.01.2015, p. 26 

Concluded: confirmation/amendment of duty 

Product 

Country of 
origin 

Regulation/Decision 
N° 

OJ 
Reference 

Stainless steel wires20 

P.R. China 

Stainless steel wires (AS)21 

P.R. China 

Ceramic tiles22 

P.R. China 

Stainless steel wires23 

India 

Stainless steel wires (AS)24 

India 

Stainless steel wires25 

India 

Stainless steel wires (AS)26 

India 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/49 
14.01.2015 

L 9 
15.01.2015 
p. 17 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/49 
14.01.2015 

L 9 
15.01.2015 
p. 17 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/782 of 
19.05.2015 

L 124 
20.05.2015 
p. 9 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/1019 of 
29.06.2015 

L 163 
30.06.2015 
p. 18 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/1019 of 
29.06.2015 

L 163 
30.06.2015 
p. 18 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/1821 of 
09.10.2015 

L 265 
10.10.2015 
p. 4 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/1821 of 
09.10.2015 

L 265 
10.10.2015 
p. 4 

19 Partial reopening 
20 
21 
22 
23 
24 
25 
26 

New Exporting Producer Treatment 
New Exporting Producer Treatment 
New Exporting Producer Treatment 
New Exporting Producer Treatment 
New Exporting Producer Treatment 
New Exporting Producer Treatment 
New Exporting Producer Treatment 

EN 

78 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
Concluded: termination and repeal of measures 

Product 

Country of 
origin 

Regulation/Decision 
N° 

OJ 
Reference 

None 

EN 

79 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNEX I 

New exporter reviews initiated or concluded 
during the period 1 January - 31 December 2015 
(chronological by date of publication) 

A. 

Anti-dumping investigations 

Product 

Initiated 

Country of 
origin 

Regulation/Decision 
N° 

OJ 
Reference 

(consigned 
from) 

Steel ropes and cables (exemption) 

P.R. China) 
(Korea, Rep. 
of) 

Commission Imp. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/2179 of 
25.11.2015 

L 309 
26.11.2015 
p. 309 

Concluded: imposition/amendment of duty 

Product 

None 

Country of 
origin 

Regulation/Decision 
N° 

OJ 
Reference 

(consigned 
from) 

Product 

Concluded: termination 

Country of 
origin 

Regulation/Decision 
N° 

OJ 
Reference 

(consigned 
from) 

Trichloroisocyanuric acid 

P.R. China 

Comission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/392 of 
9.03.2015 

L 65 
10.03.2015 
p. 18 

EN 

80 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
B. 

Anti-subsidy investigations ("accelerated" investigations) 

Initiated 

Country of 
origin 

Regulation/Decision 
N° 

OJ 
Reference 

(consigned 
from) 

Product 

None 

Concluded: imposition/amendment of duty 

Country of 
origin 

Regulation/Decision 
N° 

OJ 
Reference 

(consigned 
from) 

Concluded: termination 

Country of 
origin 

Regulation/Decision 
N° 

OJ 
Reference 

(consigned 
from) 

Product 

None 

Product 

None 

EN 

81 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNEX J 

Anti-absorption investigations initiated or concluded 
during the period 1 January - 31 December 2015 
(chronological by date of publication) 

Product 

None 

Initiated 

Country of 
origin 

OJ Reference 

Concluded with increase of duty 

Product 

Country of 
origin 

Regulation/Decision 
N° 

OJ 
Reference 

Solar glass 

P.R. China 

Stainless steel wires 

India 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/1394 of 
13.08.2015 

L 215 
14.08.2015 
p. 42 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/1483 of 
01.09.2015 

L 228 
02.09.2015 
p. 1 

Concluded without increase of duty / termination 

Product 

Country of 
origin 

Regulation/Decision 
N° 

OJ 
Reference 

None 

EN 

82 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNEX K 

Anti-circumvention investigations initiated or concluded 
during the period 1 January - 31 December 2015 
(chronological by date of publication) 

Product 

Molybdenum wires 

Citric acid 

Initiated 

Country of 
origin 
(consigned 
from) 

P.R. China 
(slight modif) 

Regulation/Decision 
N° 

OJ 
Reference 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/395 of 
10.03.2015 

L 66 
11.03.2015 
p. 4 

P.R. China 
(Malaysia) 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/706 of 
30.04.2015 

L 113 
01.05.2015 
p. 38 

Solar panels (crystalline silicon 
photovoltaic modules and key 
components) 

P.R. China 
(Malaysia 
Taiwan) 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/833 of 
28.05.2015 

L 132 
29.05.2015 
p. 60 

Solar panels (crystalline silicon 
photovoltaic modules and key 
components) (AS) 

P.R. China 
(Malaysia 
Taiwan) 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/832 of 
28.05.2015 

L 132 
29.05.2015 
p. 53 

Hand pallet trucks and their ess. 
parts 

P.R. China 
(slight modif) 

COMMISSION Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/2346 of 
15.12.2015 

L 330, 
16.12.2015, 
p.43 

Product 

Bicycles 

Molybdenum wires 

Concluded with extension of duty 

Country of 
origin 
(consigned 
from) 

P.R. China 
(Cambodia 
Pakistan 
Philippines) 

P.R. China 

Regulation/Decision 
N° 

OJ 
Reference 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/776 of 
18.05.2015 

L 122 
19.05.2015 
p. 4 

Commission Impl. Reg. 
(EU) 2015/1952 of 
29.10.2015 

L 284 
30.10.2015 
p. 100 

EN 

83 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
Concluded without extension of duty / termination 

Product 

Product 

None 

None 

Country of 
origin 
(consigned 
from) 

Regulation/Decision 
N° 

OJ 
Reference 

Exemptions granted and/or rejected 

Country of 
origin 
(consigned 
from) 

Regulation/Decision 
N° 

OJ 
Reference 

EN 

84 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNEX L 

Safeguard investigations initiated and concluded 
during the period 1 January - 31 December 2015 
(chronological by date of publication) 

New investigations initiated 

Country of origin 

OJ Reference 

Product 

None 

New investigations terminated without imposition of measures 

Product 

None 

Product 

None 

Product 

None 

Country of origin  Regulation/
Decision N° 

OJ 
Reference 

Issue of licences 

Country of origin  Regulation/
Decision N° 

OJ 
Reference 

New investigations initiated 

Country of origin 

Date of expiry 

EN 

85 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNEX M 

None 

Undertakings accepted or repealed 
during the period 1 January - 31 December 2015 
(chronological by date of publication) 

Undertakings accepted 

Product 

Country of 
origin 

Decision N° 

OJ 
Reference 

Undertakings withdrawn or repealed 

Product 

Crystalline silicon photovoltaic 
modules and key components (i.e. 
cells) originating in or consigned 
from the People's Republic of China 

Country of 
origin 

Regulation N° 

China 

2015/866 

Crystalline silicon photovoltaic 
modules and key components (i.e. 
cells) originating in or consigned 
from the People's Republic of China 

China 

2015/1403 

Crystalline silicon photovoltaic 
modules and key components (i.e. 
cells) originating in or consigned 
from the People's Republic of China 

China 

2015/2018 

OJ 
Reference 

L139, 
5.6.2015, p. 
30 

L218,, 
19.8.2015, p. 
1 

L295, 
12.11.2015, 
p. 23 

Undertakings which expired/lapsed 

Product 

Country of 
origin 

Original measure (s) 
& OJ Reference 

OJ 
Reference 

Certain aluminium foil 

Brazil 

Commission Decision 
2009/736/EC, OJ L 
262,6.10.2009, p. 50 

L332, 
18.12.2015, 
p. 63 

EN 

86 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNEX N 

Measures which expired / lapsed 
during the period 1 January - 31 December 2015 
(chronological by date of publication) 

A. 

Anti-dumping investigations (chronological by date of publication) 

Product 

Country of origin Original measure & 

OJ Reference 

OJ 
Reference 

Cargo scanning systems 

P.R. China 

Council Impl. Reg. (EU) 
No 510/2010 (OJ L 150, 
16.06.2010, p. 1) 

C 199 
16.06.2015 
p. 2 

B. 

Anti-subsidy investigations (chronological by date of publication) 

Product 

Country of origin  Original measure & 

OJ Reference 

OJ 
Reference 

Polyethylene terephthalate 
(PET) 

Iran 
Pakistan 
UAE 

Council Impl. Reg. (EU) 
No 857/2010 (L 254, 
29.9.2010, p. 10) 

C 319 
26.09.2015 
p. 6 

EN 

87 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNEX O 

Definitive anti-dumping measures in force on 31 December 2015 

A. Ranked by product (alphabetical) 

Product 

Origin 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Acesulfame Potassium (ACE-
K) 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1963 
30.10.2015 

OJ 
Reference 

L 287 
31.10.2015, 
p. 52 

Aluminium foil in big rolls 

Russia 

Duties 

Aluminium foil (in rolls of a 
weight exceeding 10 kg) 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Aluminium foils (in rolls of a 
weight not exceeding 10 kg) 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Aluminium radiators 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Aluminium road wheels 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Ammonium nitrate  

Russia 

Duties 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/2385 

L 332; 
18.12.2015, p 
91 

17.12.2015 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 925/2009 
24.09.2009 

L 262 
06.10.2009 
p. 1 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 217/2013 
11.03.2012 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1039/2012 
29.10.2012 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 964/2010 
25.10.2010 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 658/2002 
15.04.2002 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 945/2005 
21.06.2005 
and maintained by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 661/2008 
08.07.2008 
corrected by 
L 339, 22.12.2009,  
p. 59 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 662/2008 
08.07.2008 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 989/2009 
19.10.2009 
and maintained by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
999/2014 
23.09.2014 

L 69 
13.03.2013 
p. 11 

L 310 
09.11.2012 
p. 1 

L 282 
28.10.2010 
p. 1 

L 102 
18.04.2002 
p. 1 

L 160 
23.06.2005 
p. 1 

L 185 
12.07.2008 
p. 1 

L 185 
12.07.2008 
p. 35 

L 278 
23.10.2009 
p. 1 

L 280, 
24.09.2014, 
p. 19 

EN 

88 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product 

Origin 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Undertakings  Commission Dec. 
No 2008/577/EC 
04.07.2008 
corrected by 
L 339, 22.12.2009,  
p. 59 

Barium carbonate 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Bicycles 

Duties 

P.R. China 
Indonesia (ext.) 

Malaysia (ext.) 
Sri Lanka (ext.) 
Tunisia (ext.) 
Cambodia (ext.) 
Pakistan (ext.) 

Philippines (ext.) 

Bicycle parts (extension to 
bicycles) 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1175/2005 
18.07.2005 
corrected by 
L 181, 04.07.2006,  
p. 111 
as maintained by 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 831/2011 
16.08.2011 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1524/2000 
10.07.2000 
and extended to 
bicycle parts by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 71/97 
10.01.97 
as last amended by 
Council Reg.  
(EC) No 1095/2005 
12.07.2005 
and maintained by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 171/2008 
25.02.2008 and 
maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 990/2011 
03.10.2011 
as last amended by 
Council Reg.  
(EC) No 502/2013 
29.05.2013 
and extended to 
imports consigned 
from Indonesia, 
Malaysia, Sri Lanka 
and Tunisia by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 501/2013 
05.05.2011 
and extended to 
imports consigned 
from Cambodia, 
Pakistan and 
Philippines by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/776 
of 18.05.2015 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 71/97 

OJ 
Reference 

L 185 
12.07.2008 
p. 43 

L 189 
21.07.2005 
p. 15 

L 214, 
19.08.2011 
p. 1 

L 175 
14.07.2000 
p. 39 

L 16 
18.01.97 
p. 1 

L 183 
14.07.2005 
p. 1 

L 55 
28.02.2008 
p. 1 

L 261 
06.10.2011 
p.2 

L 153 
05.06.2013 
p. 17 

L 153, 
05.06.2013, 
p. 1 

L 122 
19.05.2015 
p. 4 

L 16 
18.01.97 

EN 

89 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product 

Origin 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Biodiesel 

U.S.A. 
Canada (ext.) 

Duties 

Argentina 
Indonesia 

Duties 

Bioethanol 

U.S.A. 

Duties 

Ceramic tableware and 
kitchenware 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Ceramic tiles 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Chamois leather 

P.R. China 

Duties 

10.01.97 
as last amended by 
Council Reg.  
(EC) No 1095/2005 
12.07.2005 
and maintained by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 171/2008 
25.02.2008 and 
maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 990/2011 
03.10.2011 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 599/2009 
07.07.2009 
and extended to 
imports consigned 
from Canada by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 444/2011 
05.05.2011 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 2015/1518 
14.09.2015 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1194/2013 
19.11.2013 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 157/2013 
18.02.2013 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 412/2013 
13.05.2017 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
803/2014 
24.07.2014 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 917/2011 
12.09.2011 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. 
Regulation (EU) No. 
567/2012 
26.06.2012 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/409 
of 11.03.2015 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1338/2006 
08.09.2006 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 

OJ 
Reference 

p. 1 

L 183 
14.07.05 
p. 1 

L 55 
28.02.08 
p. 1 

L 261 
06.10.2011 
p.2 

L 179 
10.07.2009 
p. 26 

L 122 
11.05.2011 
p. 12 

L 239 
15.09.2015 
p. 69 

L 315 
26.11.2013 
p. 2 

L 49, 
22.02.2013 
p. 10 

L 131 
15.05.2013 
p. 1 

L 219 
25.07.2014 
p. 33 

L 238 
15.09.2011 
p. 1 

OJ L 169 
29.06.2012 
p. 11 

L 67 
12.03.2015 
p. 23 

L 251 
14.09.2006 
p. 1 

L 334

EN 

90 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product 

Origin 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

OJ 
Reference 

(EU) No 1153/2012 
03.12.2012 

06.12.2012 
p. 31 

Citric acid 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Undertakings 

Citrus fruits 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Coated fine paper 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Fasteners (iron or steel) 

P.R. China 
Malaysia (ext.) 

Duties 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1193/2008 
01.12.2008 
and maintained/ last 
amended by by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/82 
21.01.2015 

Commission Dec. 
No 2008/899/EC 
02.12.2008 
corrected by C 346, 
26.11.2011, p. 7 and 
8, 
corrected by C 3, 
06.01.2012, p. 10 
and 11, 
corrected by C 64, 
03.03.2012, p. 25, 
corrected by C 74, 
13.03.2012, p. 16 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 158/2013 
18.02.2013 
and maintained by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
1313/2014 
10.12.2014 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 451/2011 
06.05.2011 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 91/2009 
26.01.2009 
and extended to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Malaysia  
by Council Impl. 
Reg. 
(EC) No 723/2011 
18.07.2011 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 693/2012 
25.07.2012 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 924/2012 
04.10.2012 
and maintained by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/519 
of 26.03.2015 

L 323 
03.12.2008 
p. 1 

L 15 
22.01.2015 
p. 15 

L 323 
03.12.2008 
p. 62 

L 49 
22.02.2013 
p. 29 

L 354 

11.12.2014 

p. 17 

L 128 
14.05.2011 
p. 1 

L 29 
31.01.2009 
p. 1 

L 194 
26.07.2011 
p. 6 

L 203 
31.07.2012 
P. 23 

L 275 
10.10.2012, 
p. 1 

L 82 
27.03.2015 
p. 78 

EN 

91 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product 

Origin 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Fatty alcohols and their 
blends 

India 

Indonesia 

Malaysia 

Duties 

Ferro-silicon 

P.R. China 
Russia 

Duties 

Glass fibres (certain open 
mesh fabrics) 

Duties 

P.R. China  
Malaysia (ext) 
Taiwan (ext) 
Thailand (ext) 
India (ext) 
Indonesia (ext) 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1138/2011 
08.11.2011 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1241/2012 
11.12.2012 
corrected by L 50, 
20.02.2014, p. 37 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 172/2008 
25.02.2008 and 
maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 360/2014 
09.04.2014 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 791/2011 
03.08.2011 
and extended to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Malaysia 
by Council Impl. 
Reg. (EC) No 
672/2012 
16.07.2012 and 
extended to such 
imports consigned 
from Taiwan and 
Thailand 
by Council Impl. 
Reg. (EC) No 
21/2013 
10.01.2013 
extended to such 
imports consigned 
from India and 
Indonesia 
by Council Impl.Reg. 
(EU) No 1371/2013 
16.12.2013 
extended to certain 
slightly modified 
products by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
976/2014 
15.09.2014 

As last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1507 
09.09.2015 

OJ 
Reference 

L 293 
11.11.2011 
p. 1 

L 352 
21.12.2012 
p. 1 

L 55 
28.02.2008 
p. 6 

L 107 
10.04.2014 
p. 13 

L 204 
09.08.2011 
p. 1 

L 196 
24.07.2012 
p. 1 

L 11 
16.01.2013 
p. 1 

L 346, 
20.12.2013, 
p. 20 

L 274 
16.09.2014 
p. 13 

L 236, 
10.09.2015, 
p. 1 

Grain-oriented flat-rolled 
products of silicon-electrical 
steel 

P.R. China 
Japan 
Korea (Rep. of) 

Duties 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1953 

L 284 
30.10.2015, 
P. 109 

EN 

92 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product 

Origin 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

OJ 
Reference 

Russia 
USA 

Glass fibre products 
(continuous filament) 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Graphite electrode systems 

India 

Duties 

Hand pallet trucks and their 
essential parts 

P.R. China 
Thailand (ext) 

Duties 

Ironing boards 

P.R. China 

Duties 

29.10.2015 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 248/2011 
09.03.2011 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
1379/2014 
16.12.2014 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1629/2004 
13.09.2004 
as last amended by 
Council Reg.  
(EC) No 1354/2008 
18.12.2008 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1186/2010 
13.12.2010 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1174/2005 
18.07.2005 

as last amended by 
Council Reg.  
(EC) No 684/2008 
17.07.2008 
and extended to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Thailand 
by Council Reg. 
(EC) No 499/2009 
11.06.2009 and 
maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1008/2011 
10.10.2011 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 372/2013 
22.04.2013 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
946/2014 
04.09.2014 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 452/2007 
23.04.2007, as last 
amended by 
Council Impl. Reg.  
(EU) No 77/2010 
19.01.2010 and  
Council Impl. Reg.  
(EU) No 270/2010 

L 67 
15.03.2011 
p. 1 

L 367 
23.12.2014, 
p. 22 

L 295 
18.09.2004 
p. 10 

L 350 
30.12.2008 
p. 24 

L 332 
16.12.2010 
p. 17 

L 189 
21.07.2005 
p. 1 

L 192 
19.07.2008 
p. 1 

L 151 
16.06.2009 
p. 1 

L 268 
13.10.2011 
p.1 

L 112 
24.04.2013 
p. 1 

L 265 
05.09.2014 
p. 7 

L 109 
26.04.2007 
p. 12 
L 24 
28.01.2010 
p. 1 

L 84 
31.03.2010 

EN 

93 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product 

Origin 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

29.03.2010 and 
Council Impl. Reg.  
(EU) No 580/2010 
29.06.2010, and 
Council Impl. Reg.  
(EU) No 1241/2010 
20.12.2010 and 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 987/2012 
22.10.2012 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 695/2013 
15.07.2013 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1243/2010 
20.12.2010 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1136/2006 
24.07.2006 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 796/2012 
30.08.2012 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 221/2008 
10.03.2008 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 191/2014 
24.02.2014 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 457/2011 
10.05.2011 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 511/2010 
14.06.2010 
and extended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 14/2012 
12.01.2012 
and extended by 
Council Impl.Reg. 
(EU) No 871/2013 
02.09.2013  
and extended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1952 of 
29.10.2015 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1187/2008 
27.11.2008 

P.R. China (Since 
Hardware) 

Duties 

Lever arch mechanisms 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Manganese dioxides 

South Africa 

Duties 

Melamine 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Molybdenum wires 

P.R. China 
Malaysia (ext.) 

Duties 

Monosodium glutamate 

P.R. China 

Duties 

OJ 
Reference 

p. 13 
L 168 
02.07.2010 
p. 12 
L 338 
22.12.2010 
p. 8 
L 297 
26.10.2012 
p. 5 

L 198, 
23.07.2013, 
p. 1 

L 338 
22.12.2010 
p. 22 

L 205 
27.07.2006 
p. 1 

L 238 
04.09.2012 
p. 5 

L 69 
13.03.2008 
p. 1 

L 59 
28.02.2014 
p. 7 

L 124 
13.05.2011 
p. 2 

L 150 
16.06.2010 
p. 17 

L 8 

12.01.2012 

p. 22 

L 243 
12.09.2013 
p. 2 

L 284 
30.10.2015 
p. 100 

L 322 
02.12.2008 
p. 1 

Indonesia 

Duties 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/84 
21.01.2015 

L 15 
22.01.2015 
p. 54 

EN 

94 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product 

Origin 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

OJ 
Reference 

Okoumé plywood 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Organic coated steel products  P.R. China 

Duties 

Oxalic acid 

P.R. China 
India 

Duties 

Peroxosulphates 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Polyester yarn (high tenacity)  P.R. China 

Duties 

Polyethylene terephthalate 
(PET) 

P.R. China 

Duties 

PSC wires and strands 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Ring binder mechanisms 

Thailand 

Duties 

P.R. China 
Vietnam (ext.) 
Laos (ext.) 

Duties 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1942/2004 
02.11.2004 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 82/2011 
31.01.2011 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 214/2013 
11.03.2013 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 325/2012 
12.04.2012 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1184/2007 
09.10.2007 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1343/2013 
12.12.2013 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1105/2010 
29.11.2010 
corrected by L 16, 
23.01.2015, p. 66 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1467/2004 
13.08.2004 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 2167/2005 
20.12.2005 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1030/2010 
17.11.2010 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 383/2009 
05.05.2009 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 986/2012 
22.10.2012 
and maintained by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/865 
04.06.2015 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 792/2011 
05.08.2011 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 2074/2004 
29.11.2004 

L 336 
12.11.2004 
p. 4 

L 28 
02.02.2011 
p. 1 

L 73 
15.03.2013 
p. 1 

L 106 
18.04.2012 
p. 1 

L 265 
11.10.2007 
p. 1 

L 338 
17.12.2013 
p. 11 

L 315 
01.12.2010 
p. 1 

L 271 
19.08.2004 
p. 1 

L 345 
28.12.2005 
p. 11 

L 300 
17.11.2010 
p. 1 

L 118 
13.05.2009 
p. 1 

L 297 
26.10.2012 
p.1 

L 139 
05.06.2015 
p. 12 

L 204 
09.08.2011 
p.11 

L 359 
04.12.2004 
p. 11 

EN 

95 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product 

Origin 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

OJ 
Reference 

extended to imports 
from Vietnam 
by Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1208/2004 
28.06.2004 
and extended to 
imports from Laos  
by Council Reg. 
(EC) No 33/2006 
09.01.2006 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 818/2008 
13.08.2008 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 157/2010 
22.02.2010 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 954/2006 
27.06.2006 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 812/2008 
11.08.2008 and 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 540/2012 
21.06.2012 and 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 795/2012 
28.08.2012 and 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No L 1269 
21.12.2012 
corrected by 
L 298, 16.10.2014, 
p. 63 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 585/2012 
26.06.2012 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 926/2009 
24.09.2009 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1331/2011 
14.12.2011 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 398/2004 
02.03.2004 
extended to imports 
of silicon consigned 
from Korea (Rep. of) 
by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 42/2007 
15.01.2007 

L 232 
01.07.2004 
p. 1 

L 7 
12.01.2006 
p. 1 

L 221 
19.08.2008 
p. 1 

L 49 
26.02.2010 
p. 1 

L 175 
29.06.2006 
p. 4 

L 220 
15.08.2008 
p. 1 
L 165 
26.06.2012 
p. 1 
L 238 
04.09.2012 
p. 1 
L 357, 
28.12.2012 
p. 1 

L 174 
04.07.2012 
p. 5 

L 262 
06.10.2009 
p. 19 

L 336 
20.12.2011 
p. 6 

L 66 
04.03.2004 
p. 15 

L 13 
19.01.2007 
p. 1 

Seamless pipes and tubes, of 
iron or steel 

Russia 
Ukraine 

Duties 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Seamless pipes and tubes, of 
stainless steel 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Silicon metal 

Duties 

P.R. China 
Korea (Rep. of) 
(ext.) 
Taiwan 
(ext.) 

EN 

96 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product 

Origin 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Sodium cyclamate 

P.R. China 
Indonesia 

Duties 

Sodium gluconate 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Solar glass 

P.R. China 

Duties 

and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 467/2010 
25.05.2010 
extended to imports 
of silicon consigned 
from Taiwan by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 311/2013 
05.04.2013 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 435/2004 
08.03.2004 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 492/2010 
03.06.2010 
and amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 398/2012 
07.05.2012 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 965/2010 
25.10.2010 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
470/2014 

13.05.2014 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/588 
of 14.04.2015 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1394 of 
13.08.2015 

OJ 
Reference 

L 131 
29.05.2010 
p. 1 

L 95 
05.04.2013 
p. 1 

L 72 
11.03.2004 
p. 1 

L 140 
08.06.2010 
p. 2 

L 124 
11.05.2012 
p. 1 

L 282 
28.10.2010 
p. 24 

L 142 
14.05.2014, 
p. 1 

L 98 
15.04.2015 
p. 6 

L 215 
14.08.2015 
p. 42 

Solar panels (crystalline 
silicon photovoltaic modules 
and key components) 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Stainless steel cold-rolled flat 
products 

P.R. China 
Taiwan 

Stainless steel fasteners and 
parts thereof 

P.R. China 
Taiwan 
Philippines (ext.) 

Undertakings 

Duties 

Duties 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1238/2013 
02.12.2013 

L 325 
05.12.2013 
p. 1 

Commission Dec. 
No 2013/707/EU 
05.12.2013 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1429 
26.08.2015 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1890/2005 
14.11.2005 
corrected by L 256, 
02.10.2007, p. 31 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 

L 325 
05.12.2013 
p. 214 

L 224 
27.08.2015, 
p. 10 

L 302 
19.11.2005 
p. 1 

L 5 

EN 

97 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product 

Origin 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Stainless steel wires 

India 

Duties 

Steel ropes and cables 

Duties 

P.R. China  
Ukraine 

Korea (Rep. of) 
(ext.) 
Moldova (Rep. of) 
(ext.) 
Morocco (ext.)  

(EU) No 2/2012 
04.01.2012 
and extended as 
concerns China to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Philippines by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 205/2013 
07.03.2013 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 830/2014 
30.06.2007 
corrected by L 229, 
03.09.2015, p. 16 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1106/2013 
05.11.2013 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/49 
14.01.2015 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1019 
29.06.2015 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1483 
01.09.2015 
corrected by L 251, 
26.09.2015, p. 17 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1821 
09.10.2015 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1858/2005 
08.11.2005 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1459/2007 
10.12.2007 
extended as 
concerns Ukraine to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Moldova (Rep. of) by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 760/2004 
22.04.2004 
and extended as 
concerns China to 
such imports 
consigned from 

OJ 
Reference 

07.01.2012 
p. 1 

L 68 
12.03.2013 
p. 1 

L 228, 
31.07.2014, 
p. 16 

L 298 
08.11.2013 
p. 1 

L 9 
15.01.2015 
p. 17 

L 163 
30.06.2015 
p. 18 

L 228, 
02.09.2015, 
p. 1 

L 265 
10.10.2015 
p. 4 

L 299 
16.11.2005 
p. 1 

L 326 
12.12.2007 
p. 18 

L 120 
24.04.2004 
p. 1 

EN 

98 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product 

Origin 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Morocco by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1886/2004 
25.10.2004 
and extended as 
concerns China to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Korea (Rep. of) by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 400/2010 
26.04.2010 
corrected by L 332, 
15.12.2011 and 
corrected by 
L 140, 30.05.2012, 
p. 74 and 
maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 102/2012 
27.02.2012 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 558/2012 
26.06.2012 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
489/2014 
12.05.2014 
as last amended by 
Commission Reg. 
(EU) No 493/2014 
13.05.2014 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1339/2002 
22.07.2002 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 123/2006 
23.01.2006 
and maintained by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1000/2008 
13.10.2008 
and maintained by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
1346/2014 
17.12.2014 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 682/2007 
18.06.2007 
corrected by 
L 252 of 27.09.2007, 
p. 7 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 954/2008 

Sulphanilic acid 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Sweet corn (prepared or 
preserved, in kernels) 

Thailand 

Duties 

OJ 
Reference 

L 328 
30.10.2004 
p. 1 

L 117 
11.05.2010 
p. 1 

L 36 
09.02.2012 
p. 1 

L 168 
28.06.2012 
p. 3 

L 138 
13.05.2014 
p. 80 

L 139 
14.05.2014 
p. 7 

L 196 
25.07.2002 
p. 11 

L 22 
26.01.2006 
p. 5 

L 275 
16.10.2008 
p. 1 

L 363 
18.12.2014 
p. 82 

L 159 
20.06.2007 
p. 14 

L 260 
30.09.2008 

EN 

99 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product 

Origin 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Tartaric acid 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Threaded tube or pipe cast 
fittings, of malleable cast iron 

P.R. China 
Thailand 

Duties 

Trichloroisocyanuric acid 
(TCCA) 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Tube and pipe fittings, of iron 
or steel 

Duties 

P.R. China 
Taiwan (ext.) 
Indonesia (ext.) 
Sri Lanka (ext.) 
Philippines (ext.) 

25.09.2008 
and by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 847/2009 
15.09.2009 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 875/2013 
02.09.2013 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 307/2014 
24.03.2014 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 130/2006 
23.01.2006 
as last amended by  
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 150/2008 
18.02.2008 and by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 332/2012 
13.04.2012 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 349/2012 
16.04.2012 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 626/2012 
26.06.2012 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 430/2013 
13.05.2012 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1631/2005 
03.10.2005 
amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 855/2010 
27.09.2010 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1389/2011 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
569/2014 
23.05.2014 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 964/2003 
02.06.2003  
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1496/2004 
18.08.2004 
and extended as 
concerns China to 

OJ 
Reference 

p. 1 

L 246 
18.09.2009 
p. 1 

L 244 
13.09.2013 
p. 1 

L 91 
27.03.2014 
p. 1 

L 23 
27.01.2006 
p. 1 

L 48 
22.02.2008 
p. 1 
L 108 
20.04.2012 
p. 1 

L 110 
24.04.2012 
p. 3 

L 182 
13.07.2012 
p. 1 

L 129 
14.05.2013 
p. 1 

L 261 
07.10.2005 
p. 1 

L 254 
29.09.2010 
p.1 
L 346 
30.12.2011 
p. 6 

L 157 
27.05.2014, 
p. 80 

L 139 
06.06.2003 
p. 1 

L 275 
25.08.2004 
p. 1 

EN 

100 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product 

Origin 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

OJ 
Reference 

imports consigned 
from Indonesia by 
Council Reg.  
(EC) 2052/2004 
22.11.2004 
and to imports 
consigned from Sri 
Lanka by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 2053/2004 
22.11.2004 
and to imports 
consigned from the 
Philippines by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 655/2006 
27.04.2006 
and maintained by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 803/2009 
27.08.2009 
and maintained by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1934 
27.10.2015 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1514/2002 
19.08.2002 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 778/2003 
06.05.2003 
and maintained by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1001/2008 
13.10.2008 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 363/2010 
26.04.2010 
and maintained by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
1283/2014 
02.12.2014 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 78/2013 
17.01.2013 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 2268/2004 
22.12.2004 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1275/2005 
25.07.2005 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 

L 355 
01.12.2004 
p. 4 

L 355 
01.12.2004 
p. 9 

L 116 
29.04.2006 
p. 1 

L 233 
04.09.2009 
p. 1 

L 282 
28.10.2015 
p. 14 

L 228 
24.08.2002 
p. 1 

L 114 
08.05.2003 
p. 1 

L 275 
16.10.2008 
p. 18 

L 107 
29.04.2010 
p. 1 

L 347 
03.12.2014 
p. 17 

L 27 
29.01.2013 
p. 1 

L 395 
31.12.2004 
p. 56 

L 202 
03.08.2005 
p. 1 

L 78 

Korea (Rep. of) 
Malaysia  

Duties 

Russia 
Turkey 

Duties 

Tungsten carbide and fused 
tungsten carbide 

P.R. China 

Duties 

EN 

101 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product 

Origin 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

OJ 
Reference 

Tungsten electrodes 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Welded tubes and pipes, of 
iron or non-alloy steel 

Belarus 
P.R. China 
Russia 

Duties 

Wire rod 

P.R. China 

Duties 

(EC) No 287/2011 
21.03.2011 

24.03.2011 
p. 1 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 260/2007 
09.03.2007 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 508/2013 
29.05.2013 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1256/2008 
16.12.2008 
and maintained by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/110 
26.01.2015 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 703/2009 
27.07.2009 
and maintained by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1846 
14.10.2015 

L 72 
13.03.2007 
p. 1 

L 150 
04.06.2013 
p. 1 

L 343 
19.12.2008 
p. 1 

L 20 
27.01.2015 
p. 6 

L 203 
05.08.2009 
p. 1 

L 268 
15.10.2015 
p. 9 

Zeolite A powder 

Bosnia and 
Herzegovina 

Duties 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 464/2011 
11.05.2011 

L 125 
14.05.2011 
p. 1 

Undertakings 

Commission Dec. 
No 2011/279/EU 
13.05.2011 

L 125 
14.05.2011 
p. 26 

EN 

102 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
B. Ranked by country (alphabetical) 

Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

OJ 
Reference 

Argentina 

Biodiesel 

Duties 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1194/2013 
19.11.2013 

L 315 

26.11.2013 

Belarus 

Welded tubes and 
pipes, of iron or 
non-alloy steel 

Duties 

Bosnia and Herzegovina 

Zeolite A powder 

Duties 

Undertakings 

Brazil 

Aluminium foil 

Duties 

Undertakings 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1256/2008 
16.12.2008 
and maintained by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/110 
26.01.2015 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 464/2011 
11.05.2011 

Commission Dec. 
No 2011/279/EU 
13.05.2011 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 925/2009 
24.09.2009 
Commission Dec. 
No 2009/736/EC 
05.10.2009 

Cambodia 

Bicycles 

Duties (ext.)  Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 990/2011 
03.10.2011 
as last amended by 
Council Reg.  
(EC) No 502/2013 
29.05.2013 
and extended to 
imports consigned 
from Indonesia, 
Malaysia, Sri Lanka 
and Tunisia by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 501/2013 
05.05.2011 
and extended to 
imports consigned 
from Cambodia, 
Pakistan and 
Philippines by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/776 
of 18.05.2015 

Canada 

Biodiesel 

Duties (ext.)  Council Reg. 

(EC) No 599/2009 
07.07.2009 
and extended to 
imports consigned 
from Canada by 

p. 2 

L 343 
19.12.2008 
p. 1 

L 20 
27.01.2015 
p. 6 

L 125 
14.05.2011 
p. 1 

L 125 
14.05.2011 
p. 26 

L 262 
06.10.2009 
p. 1 
L 262 
06.10.2009 
p. 50 

L 261 
06.10.2011 
p.2 

L 153 
05.06.2013 
p. 17 

L 153, 
05.06.2013, 
p. 1 

L 122 
19.05.2015 
p. 4 

L 179 
10.07.2009 
p. 26 

EN 

103 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

P.R. China 

Acesulfame 
Potassium (ACE-K) 

Duties 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 444/2011 
05.05.2011 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 2015/1518 
14.09.2015 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1963 
30.10.2015 

OJ 
Reference 

L 122 
11.05.2011 
p. 12 

L 239 
15.09.2015 
p. 69 

L 287 
31.10.2015, 
p. 52 

Aluminium foil (in 
rolls of a weight 
exceeding 10 kg) 

Duties 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 925/2009 
24.09.2009 

L 262 
06.10.2009 
p. 1 

Undertakings 

Aluminium foils (in 
rolls of a weight not 
exceeding 10 kg) 

Duties 

Aluminium radiators 

Duties 

Aluminium road 
wheels 

Duties 

Barium carbonate 

Duties 

Bicycles 

Duties 

Commission Dec. 
No 2009/736/EC 
05.10.2009 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1039/2012 
29.10.2012 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1039/2012 
29.10.2012 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 964/2010 
25.10.2010 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1175/2005 
18.07.2005 
corrected by 
L 181, 04.07.2006,  
p. 111 
as maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 831/2011 
16.08.2011 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1524/2000 
10.07.2000 
and extended to 
bicycle parts by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 71/97 
10.01.97 
as last amended by 
Council Reg.  
(EC) No 1095/2005 
12.07.2005 
and maintained by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 171/2008 
25.02.2008 and 
maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 990/2011 

L 262 
06.10.2009 
p. 50 

L 310 
09.11.2012 
p. 1 

L 310 
09.11.2012 
p. 1 

L 282 
28.10.2010 
p. 1 

L 189 
21.07.2005 
p. 15 

L 214, 
19.08.2011 
p. 1 

L 175 
14.07.2000 
p. 39 

L 16 
18.01.97 
p. 1 

L 183 
14.07.2005 
p. 1 

L 55 
28.02.2008 
p. 1 

L 261 
06.10.2011 

EN 

104 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

03.10.2011 
as last amended by 
Council Reg.  
(EC) No 502/2013 
29.05.2013 
and extended to 
imports consigned 
from Indonesia, 
Malaysia, Sri Lanka 
and Tunisia by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 501/2013 
05.05.2011 
and extended to 
imports consigned 
from Cambodia, 
Pakistan and 
Philippines by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/776 
of 18.05.2015 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 71/97 
10.01.97 
as last amended by 
Council Reg.  
(EC) No 1095/2005 
12.07.2005 
and maintained by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 171/2008 
25.02.2008 and 
maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 990/2011 
03.10.2011 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 412/2013 
13.05.2017 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
803/2014 
24.07.2014 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 917/2011 
12.09.2011 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. 
Regulation (EU) No. 
567/2012 
26.06.2012 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/409 
of 11.03.2015 

Bicycle parts 

Duties 

Ceramic tableware 
and kitchenware 

Duties 

Ceramic tiles 

Duties 

OJ 
Reference 

p.2 

L 153 
05.06.2013 
p. 17 

L 153, 
05.06.2013, 
p. 1 

L 122 
19.05.2015 
p. 4 

L 16 
18.01.97 
p. 1 

L 183 
14.07.05 
p. 1 

L 55 
28.02.08 
p. 1 

L 261 
06.10.2011 
p.2 

L 131 
15.05.2013 
p. 1 

L 219 
25.07.2014 
p. 33 

L 238 
15.09.2011 
p. 1 

OJ L 169 
29.06.2012 
p. 11 

L 67 
12.03.2015 
p. 23 

Chamois leather 

Duties 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1338/2006 

L 251 
14.09.2006 

EN 

105 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Citric acid 

Duties 

Undertakings 

Citrus fruits 

Duties 

Coated fine paper 

Duties 

Fasteners (iron or 
steel) 

Duties 

08.09.2006 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1153/2012 
03.12.2012 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1193/2008 
01.12.2008 
and maintained/ last 
amended by by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/82 
21.01.2015 

Commission Dec. 
No 2008/899/EC 
02.12.2008 
corrected by C 346, 
26.11.2011, p. 7 and 
8, 
corrected by C 3, 
06.01.2012, p. 10 
and 11, 
corrected by C 64, 
03.03.2012, p. 25, 
corrected by C 74, 
13.03.2012, p. 16 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 158/2013 
18.02.2013 
and maintained by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
1313/2014 
10.12.2014 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 451/2011 
06.05.2011 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 91/2009 
26.01.2009 
and extended to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Malaysia  
by Council Impl. 
Reg. 
(EC) No 723/2011 
18.07.2011 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 693/2012 
25.07.2012 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 924/2012 
04.10.2012 
and maintained by 

OJ 
Reference 

p. 1 

L 334 
06.12.2012 
p. 31 

L 323 
03.12.2008 
p. 1 

L 15 
22.01.2015 
p. 15 

L 323 
03.12.2008 
p. 62 

L 49 
22.02.2013 
p. 29 

L 354 

11.12.2014 

p. 17 

L 128 
14.05.2011 
p. 1 

L 29 
31.01.2009 
p. 1 

L 194 
26.07.2011 
p. 6 

L 203 
31.07.2012 
P. 23 

L 275 
10.10.2012, 
p. 1 

EN 

106 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

OJ 
Reference 

Ferro-silicon 

Duties 

Glass fibres (certain 
open mesh fabrics) 

Duties 

Glass fibre products 
(continuous 
filament) 

Duties 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/519 
of 26.03.2015 

L 82 
27.03.2015 
p. 78 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 172/2008 
25.02.2008 and 
maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 360/2014 
09.04.2014 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 791/2011 
03.08.2011 
and extended to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Malaysia 
by Council Impl. 
Reg. (EC) No 
672/2012 
16.07.2012 and 
extended to such 
imports consigned 
from Taiwan and 
Thailand 
by Council Impl. 
Reg. (EC) No 
21/2013 
10.01.2013 
extended to such 
imports consigned 
from India and 
Indonesia 
by Council Impl.Reg. 
(EU) No 1371/2013 
16.12.2013 
extended to certain 
slightly modified 
products by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
976/2014 
15.09.2014 

As last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1507 
09.09.2015 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 248/2011 
09.03.2011 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
1379/2014 
16.12.2014 

L 55 
28.02.2008 
p. 6 

L 107 
10.04.2014 
p. 13 

L 204 
09.08.2011 
p. 1 

L 196 
24.07.2012 
p. 1 

L 11 
16.01.2013 
p. 1 

L 346, 
20.12.2013, 
p. 20 

L 274 
16.09.2014 
p. 13 

L 236, 
10.09.2015, 
p. 1 

L 67 
15.03.2011 
p. 1 

L 367 
23.12.2014, 
p. 22 

Grain-oriented flat-

Duties 

Commission Impl. 

L 284 

EN 

107 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

rolled products of 
silicon-electrical 
steel 

Hand pallet trucks 
and their essential 
parts 

OJ 
Reference 

30.10.2015, 
P. 109 

Reg. (EU) 
2015/1953 

29.10.2015 

Duties 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1174/2005 
18.07.2005 

L 189 
21.07.2005 
p. 1 

Ironing boards 

Duties 

as last amended by 
Council Reg.  
(EC) No 684/2008 
17.07.2008 
and extended to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Thailand 
by Council Reg. 
(EC) No 499/2009 
11.06.2009 and 
maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1008/2011 
10.10.2011 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 372/2013 
22.04.2013 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
946/2014 
04.09.2014 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 452/2007 
23.04.2007, as last 
amended by 
Council Impl. Reg.  
(EU) No 77/2010 
19.01.2010 and 
Council Impl. Reg.  
(EU) No 270/2010 
29.03.2010 and 
Council Impl. Reg.  
(EU) No 580/2010 
29.06.2010, and 
Council Impl. Reg.  
(EU) No 1241/2010 
20.12.2010 and 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 987/2012 
22.10.2012 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 695/2013 
15.07.2013 

L 192 
19.07.2008 
p. 1 

L 151 
16.06.2009 
p. 1 

L 268 
13.10.2011 
p.1 

L 112 
24.04.2013 
p. 1 

L 265 
05.09.2014 
p. 7 

L 109 
26.04.2007 
p. 12 
L 24 
28.01.2010 
p. 1 

L 84 
31.03.2010 
p. 13 
L 168 
02.07.2010 
p. 12 
L 338 
22.12.2010 
p. 8 
L 297 
26.10.2012 
p. 5 

L 198, 
23.07.2013, 
p. 1 

Ironing boards 
(Since Hardware) 

Duties 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1243/2010 
20.12.2010 

L 338 
22.12.2010 
p. 22 

Lever arch 

Duties 

Council Reg. 

L 205 

EN 

108 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

mechanisms 

Melamine 

Duties 

Molybdenum wires 

Duties 

Monosodium 
glutamate 

Duties 

Okoumé plywood 

Duties 

Organic coated steel 
products 

Duties 

Oxalic acid 

Duties 

Peroxosulphates 

Duties 

Polyester yarn (high 
tenacity) 

Duties 

(EC) No 1136/2006 
24.07.2006 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 796/2012 
30.08.2012 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 457/2011 
10.05.2011 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 511/2010 
14.06.2010 
and extended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 14/2012 
12.01.2012 
and extended by 
Council Impl.Reg. 
(EU) No 871/2013 
02.09.2013  
and extended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1952 of 
29.10.2015 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1187/2008 
27.11.2008 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1942/2004 
02.11.2004 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 82/2011 
31.01.2011 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 214/2013 
11.03.2013 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 325/2012 
12 April 2012 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1184/2007 
09.10.2007 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1343/2013 
12.12.2013 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1105/2010 
29.11.2010 
corrected by L 16, 
23.01.2015, p. 66 

OJ 
Reference 

27.07.2006 
p. 1 

L 238 
04.09.2012 
p. 5 

L 124 
13.05.2011 
p. 2 

L 150 
16.06.2010 
p. 17 

L 8 

12.01.2012 

p. 22 

L 243 
12.09.2013 
p. 2 

L 284 
30.10.2015 
p. 100 

L 322 
02.12.2008 
p. 1 

L 336 
12.11.2004 
p. 4 

L 28 
02.02.2011 
p. 1 

L 73 
15.03.2013 
p. 1 

L 106 
18.04.2012 
p. 1 

L 265 
11.10.2007 
p. 1 

L 338 
17.12.2013 
p. 11 

L 315 
01.12.2010 
p. 1 

Polyethylene 
terephthalate (PET) 

Duties 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1467/2004 

L 271 
19.08.2004 

EN 

109 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

PSC wires and 
strands 

Duties 

Ring binder 
mechanisms 

Duties 

Seamless pipes and 
tubes of iron or steel 

Duties 

Seamless pipes and 
tubes of stainless 
steel 

Duties 

Silicon metal 

Duties 

13.08.2004 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 2167/2005 
20.12.2005 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1030/2010 
17.11.2010 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 383/2009 
05.05.2009 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 986/2012 
22.10.2012 
and maintained by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/865 
04.06.2015 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 2074/2004 
29.11.2004 
extended to imports 
from Vietnam 
by Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1208/2004 
28.06.2004 
and extended to 
imports from Laos  
by Council Reg. 
(EC) No 33/2006 
09.01.2006 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 818/2008 
13.08.2008 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 157/2010 
22.02.2010 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 926/2009 
24.09.2009 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1331/2011 
14.12.2011 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 398/2004 
02.03.2004 
extended to imports 
of silicon consigned 
from Korea (Rep. of) 
by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 42/2007 
15.01.2007 

OJ 
Reference 

p. 1 

L 345 
28.12.2005 
p. 11 

L 300 
17.11.2010 
p. 1 

L 118 
13.05.2009 
p. 1 

L 297 
26.10.2012 
p.1 

L 139 
05.06.2015 
p. 12 

L 359 
04.12.2004 
p. 11 

L 232 
01.07.2004 
p. 1 

L 7 
12.01.2006 
p. 1 

L 221 
19.08.2008 
p. 1 

L 49 
26.02.2010 
p. 1 

L 262 
06.10.2009 
p. 19 

L 336 
20.12.2011 
p. 6 

L 66 
04.03.2004 
p. 15 

L 13 
19.01.2007 
p. 1 

EN 

110 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Sodium cyclamate 

Duties 

Sodium gluconate 

Duties 

Solar glass 

Duties 

and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 467/2010 
25.05.2010 
extended to imports 
of silicon consigned 
from Korea (Rep. of) 
by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 311/2013 
05.04.2013 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 435/2004 
08.03.2004 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 492/2010 
03.06.2010 
and amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 398/2012 
07.05.2012 

OJ 
Reference 

L 131 
29.05.2010 
p. 1 

L 95 
05.04.2013 
p. 1 

L 72 
11.03.2004 
p. 1 

L 140 
08.06.2010 
p. 2 

L 124 
11.05.2012 
p. 1 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 965/2010 
25.10.2010 

L 282 
28.10.2010 
p. 24 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
470/2014 

L 142 
14.05.2014, 
p. 1 

13.05.2014 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/588 
of 14.04.2015 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1394 of 
13.08.2015 

L 98 
15.04.2015 
p. 6 

L 215 
14.08.2015 
p. 42 

Commission Dec. 
No 2013/707/EU 
05.12.2013 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1429 
26.08.2015 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1890/2005 
14.11.2005 
corrected by L 256, 
02.10.2007, p. 31 

L 325 
05.12.2013 
p. 214 

L 224 
27.08.2015, 
p. 10 

L 302 
19.11.2005 
p. 1 

Solar panels 
(crystalline silicon 
photovoltaic 
modules and key 
components) 

Undertakings 

Duties 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1238/2013 
02.12.2013 

L 325 
05.12.2013 
p. 1 

Stainless steel cold-
rolled flat products 

Duties 

Stainless steel 
fasteners and parts 
thereof 

Duties 

EN 

111 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Steel ropes and 
cables 

Duties 

and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 2/2012 
04.01.2012 
and extended as 
concerns China to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Philippines by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 205/2013 
07.03.2013 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 830/2014 
30.06.2007 
corrected by L 229, 
03.09.2015, p. 16 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1858/2005 
08.11.2005 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1459/2007 
10.12.2007 
extended as 
concerns Ukraine to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Moldova (Rep. of) by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 760/2004 
22.04.2004 
and extended as 
concerns China to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Morocco by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1886/2004 
25.10.2004 
and extended as 
concerns China to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Korea (Rep. of) by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 400/2010 
26.04.2010 
corrected by L 332, 
15.12.2011 and 
corrected by 
L 140, 30.05.2012, 
p. 74 and 
maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 102/2012 
27.02.2012 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 

OJ 
Reference 

L 5 
07.01.2012 
p. 1 

L 68 
12.03.2013 
p. 1 

L 228, 
31.07.2014, 
p. 16 

L 299 
16.11.2005 
p. 1 

L 326 
12.12.2007 
p. 18 

L 120 
24.04.2004 
p. 1 

L 328 
30.10.2004 
p. 1 

L 117 
11.05.2010 
p. 1 

L 36 
09.02.2012 
p. 1 

L 168 

EN 

112 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Sulphanilic acid 

Duties 

Tartaric acid 

Duties 

Threaded tube or 
pipe cast fittings, of 
malleable cast iron 

Trichloroisocyanuric 
acid 

Duties 

Duties 

(EU) No 558/2012 
26.06.2012 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
489/2014 
12.05.2014 
as last amended by 
Commission Reg. 
(EU) No 493/2014 
13.05.2014 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1339/2002 
22.07.2002 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 123/2006 
23.01.2006 
and maintained by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1000/2008 
13.10.2008 
and maintained by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
1346/2014 
17.12.2014 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 130/2006 
23.01.2006 
as last amended by  
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 150/2008 
18.02.2008 and by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 332/2012 
13.04.2012 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 349/2012 
16.04.2012 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 626/2012 
26.06.2012 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 430/2013 
13.05.2012 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1631/2005 
03.10.2005 
amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 855/2010 
27.09.2010 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1389/2011 

OJ 
Reference 

28.06.2012 
p. 3 

L 138 
13.05.2014 
p. 80 

L 139 
14.05.2014 
p. 7 

L 196 
25.07.2002 
p. 11 

L 22 
26.01.2006 
p. 5 

L 275 
16.10.2008 
p. 1 

L 363 
18.12.2014 
p. 82 

L 23 
27.01.2006 
p. 1 

L 48 
22.02.2008 
p. 1 
L 108 
20.04.2012 
p. 1 

L 110 
24.04.2012 
p. 3 

L 182 
13.07.2012 
p. 1 

L 129 
14.05.2013 
p. 1 

L 261 
07.10.2005 
p. 1 

L 254 
29.09.2010 
p.1 
L 346 
30.12.2011 
p. 6 

EN 

113 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Tube and pipe 
fitting, of iron or 
steel 

Duties 

Tungsten carbide 
and fused tungsten 
carbide 

Duties 

Tungsten electrodes 

Duties 

as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
569/2014 
23.05.2014 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 964/2003 
02.06.2003  
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1496/2004 
18.08.2004 
and extended as 
concerns China to 
imports consigned 
from Indonesia by 
Council Reg.  
(EC) 2052/2004 
22.11.2004 
and to imports 
consigned from Sri 
Lanka by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 2053/2004 
22.11.2004 
and to imports 
consigned from the 
Philippines by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 655/2006 
27.04.2006 
and maintained by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 803/2009 
27.08.2009 
and maintained by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1934 
27.10.2015 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 2268/2004 
22.12.2004 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1275/2005 
25.07.2005 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 287/2011 
21.03.2011 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 260/2007 
09.03.2007 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 508/2013 
29.05.2013 

OJ 
Reference 

L 157 
27.05.2014, 
p. 80 

L 139 
06.06.2003 
p. 1 

L 275 
25.08.2004 
p. 1 

L 355 
01.12.2004 
p. 4 

L 355 
01.12.2004 
p. 9 

L 116 
29.04.2006 
p. 1 

L 233 
04.09.2009 
p. 1 

L 282 
28.10.2015 
p. 14 

L 395 
31.12.2004 
p. 56 

L 202 
03.08.2005 
p. 1 

L 78 
24.03.2011 
p. 1 

L 72 
13.03.2007 
p. 1 

L 150 
04.06.2013 
p. 1 

EN 

114 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Welded tubes and 
pipes, of iron or 
non-alloy steel 

Duties 

Wire rod 

Duties 

India 

Fatty alcohols and 
their blends 

Duties 

Glass fibres (certain 
open mesh fabrics) 

Duties 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1256/2008 
16.12.2008 
and maintained by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/110 
26.01.2015 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 703/2009 
27.07.2009 
and maintained by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1846 
14.10.2015 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1138/2011 
08.11.2011 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1241/2012 
11.12.2012 
corrected by L 50, 
20.02.2014, p. 37 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 791/2011 
03.08.2011 
and extended to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Malaysia 
by Council Impl. 
Reg. (EC) No 
672/2012 
16.07.2012 and 
extended to such 
imports consigned 
from Taiwan and 
Thailand 
by Council Impl. 
Reg. (EC) No 
21/2013 
10.01.2013 
extended to such 
imports consigned 
from India and 
Indonesia 
by Council Impl.Reg. 
(EU) No 1371/2013 
16.12.2013 
extended to certain 
slightly modified 
products by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
976/2014 
15.09.2014 

OJ 
Reference 

L 343 
19.12.2008 
p. 1 

L 20 
27.01.2015 
p. 6 

L 203 
05.08.2009 
p. 1 

L 268 
15.10.2015 
p. 9 

L 293 
11.11.2011 
p. 1 

L 352 
21.12.2012 
p. 1 

L 204 
09.08.2011 
p. 1 

L 196 
24.07.2012 
p. 1 

L 11 
16.01.2013 
p. 1 

L 346, 
20.12.2013, 
p. 20 

L 274 
16.09.2014 
p. 13 

EN 

115 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

As last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1507 
09.09.2015 

OJ 
Reference 

L 236, 
10.09.2015, 
p. 1 

Graphite electrode 
systems 

Duties 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1629/2004 
13.09.2004 

L 295 
18.09.2004 
p. 10 

Oxalic acid 

Duties 

Stainless steel wires 

Duties 

Indonesia 

Bicycles (ext) 

Duties 

as last amended by 
Council Reg.  
(EC) No 1354/2008 
18.12.2008 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1186/2010 
13.12.2010 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 325/2012 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1106/2013 
05.11.2013 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/49 
14.01.2015 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1019 
29.06.2015 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1483 
01.09.2015 
corrected by L 251, 
26.09.2015, p. 17 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1821 
09.10.2015 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 990/2011 
03.10.2011 
as last amended by 
Council Reg.  
(EC) No 502/2013 
29.05.2013 
and extended to 
imports consigned 
from Indonesia, 
Malaysia, Sri Lanka 
and Tunisia by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 501/2013 

L 350 
30.12.2008 
p. 24 

L 332 
16.12.2010 
p. 17 

L 106 
18.04.2012 
p. 1 

L 298 
08.11.2013 
p. 1 

L 9 
15.01.2015 
p. 17 

L 163 
30.06.2015 
p. 18 

L 228, 
02.09.2015, 
p. 1 

L 265 
10.10.2015 
p. 4 

L 261 
06.10.2011 
p.2 

L 153 
05.06.2013 
p. 17 

L 153, 
05.06.2013, 

EN 

116 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Biodiesel 

Duties 

Fatty alcohols and 
their blends 

Duties 

Glass fibres (certain 
open mesh fabrics) 

Duties 

05.05.2011 
and extended to 
imports consigned 
from Cambodia, 
Pakistan and 
Philippines by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/776 
of 18.05.2015 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1194/2013 
19.11.2013 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1138/2011 
08.11.2011 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1241/2012 
11.12.2012 
corrected by L 50, 
20.02.2014, p. 37 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 791/2011 
03.08.2011 
and extended to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Malaysia 
by Council Impl. 
Reg. (EC) No 
672/2012 
16.07.2012 and 
extended to such 
imports consigned 
from Taiwan and 
Thailand 
by Council Impl. 
Reg. (EC) No 
21/2013 
10.01.2013 
extended to such 
imports consigned 
from India and 
Indonesia 
by Council Impl.Reg. 
(EU) No 1371/2013 
16.12.2013 
extended to certain 
slightly modified 
products by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
976/2014 
15.09.2014 

As last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 

OJ 
Reference 

p. 1 

L 122 
19.05.2015 
p. 4 

L 315 

26.11.2013 

p. 2 

L 293 
11.11.2011 
p. 1 

L 352 
21.12.2012 
p. 1 

L 204 
09.08.2011 
p. 1 

L 196 
24.07.2012 
p. 1 

L 11 
16.01.2013 
p. 1 

L 346, 
20.12.2013, 
p. 20 

L 274 
16.09.2014 
p. 13 

L 236, 

EN 

117 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Monosodium 
glutamate 

Duties 

Sodium cyclamate 

Duties 

2015/1507 
09.09.2015 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/84 
21.01.2015 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 435/2004 
08.03.2004 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 492/2010 
03.06.2010 
and amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 398/2012 
07.05.2012 

Tube and pipe 
fitting, of iron or 
steel (ext.) 

Duties (ext.)  Council Reg. 

OJ 
Reference 

10.09.2015, 
p. 1 

L 15 
22.01.2015 
p. 54 

L 72 
11.03.2004 
p. 1 

L 140 
08.06.2010 
p. 2 

L 124 
11.05.2012 
p. 1 

L 139 
06.06.2003 
p. 1 

L 275 
25.08.2004 
p. 1 

L 355 
01.12.2004 
p. 4 

L 355 
01.12.2004 
p. 9 

L 116 
29.04.2006 
p. 1 

L 233 
04.09.2009 
p. 1 

L 284 
30.10.2015, 
P. 109 

(EC) No 964/2003 
02.06.2003  
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1496/2004 
18.08.2004 
and extended as 
concerns China to 
imports consigned 
from Indonesia by 
Council Reg.  
(EC) 2052/2004 
22.11.2004 
and to imports 
consigned from Sri 
Lanka by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 2053/2004 
22.11.2004 
and to imports 
consigned from the 
Philippines by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 655/2006 
27.04.2006 
and maintained by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 803/2009 
27.08.2009 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1953 

29.10.2015 

Japan 

Korea (Rep. of) 

Grain-oriented flat-
rolled products of 
silicon-electrical 
steel 

Grain-oriented flat-
rolled products of 
silicon-electrical 
steel 

Duties 

Duties 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1953 

L 284 
30.10.2015, 
P. 109 

29.10.2015 

Silicon metal (ext.) 

Duties (ext.)  Council Reg. 

L 66 

EN 

118 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Steel ropes and 
cables (ext.) 

(EC) No 398/2004 
02.03.2004 
extended to imports 
of silicon consigned 
from Korea (Rep. of) 
by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 42/2007 
15.01.2007 

Duties (ext.)  Council Reg. 

(EC) No 1858/2005 
08.11.2005 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1459/2007 
10.12.2007 
extended as 
concerns Ukraine to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Moldova (Rep. of) by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 760/2004 
22.04.2004 
and extended as 
concerns China to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Morocco by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1886/2004 
25.10.2004 
and extended as 
concerns China to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Korea (Rep. of) by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 400/2010 
26.04.2010 
corrected by L 332, 
15.12.2011 and 
corrected by 
L 140, 30.05.2012, 
p. 74 and 
maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 102/2012 
27.02.2012 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 558/2012 
26.06.2012 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
489/2014 
12.05.2014 
as last amended by 
Commission Reg. 

OJ 
Reference 

04.03.2004 
p. 15 

L 13 
19.01.2007 
p. 1 

L 299 
16.11.2005 
p. 1 

L 326 
12.12.2007 
p. 18 

L 120 
24.04.2004 
p. 1 

L 328 
30.10.2004 
p. 1 

L 117 
11.05.2010 
p. 1 

L 36 
09.02.2012 
p. 1 

L 168 
28.06.2012 
p. 3 

L 138 
13.05.2014 
p. 80 

L 139 

EN 

119 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

OJ 
Reference 

(EU) No 493/2014 
13.05.2014 

14.05.2014 
p. 7 

Tube and pipe 
fittings, of iron or 
steel 

Duties 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1514/2002 
19.08.2002 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 778/2003 
06.05.2003 
and maintained by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1001/2008 
13.10.2008 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 363/2010 
26.04.2010 
and maintained by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
1283/2014 
02.12.2014 

Laos 

Ring binder 
mechanisms (ext.) 

Duties (ext.)  Council Reg. 

L 228 
24.08.2002 
p. 1 

L 114 
08.05.2003 
p. 1 

L 275 
16.10.2008 
p. 18 

L 107 
29.04.2010 
p. 1 

L 347 
03.12.2014 
p. 17 

L 359 
04.12.2004 
p. 11 

L 232 
01.07.2004 
p. 1 

L 7 
12.01.2006 
p. 1 

L 49 
26.02.2010 
p. 1 

L 261 
06.10.2011 
p.2 

L 153 
05.06.2013 
p. 17 

L 153, 
05.06.2013, 
p. 1 

(EC) No 2074/2004 
29.11.2004 
extended to imports 
from Vietnam 
by Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1208/2004 
28.06.2004 
and extended to 
imports from Laos  
by Council Reg. 
(EC) No 33/2006 
09.01.2006 
and maintained by 
Council Impl.Reg. 
(EU) No 157/2010 
22.02.2010 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 990/2011 
03.10.2011 
as last amended by 
Council Reg.  
(EC) No 502/2013 
29.05.2013 
and extended to 
imports consigned 
from Indonesia, 
Malaysia, Sri Lanka 
and Tunisia by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 501/2013 
05.05.2011 
and extended to 
imports consigned 
from Cambodia, 

Malaysia 

Bicycles (ext) 

Duties 

EN 

120 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

OJ 
Reference 

Pakistan and 
Philippines by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/776 
of 18.05.2015 

Duties (ext.)  Council Reg. 

Fasteners (iron or 
steel) 

(EC) No 91/2009 
26.01.2009 
and extended to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Malaysia  
by Council Impl. 
Reg. 
(EC) No 723/2011 
18.07.2011 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 693/2012 
25.07.2012 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 924/2012 
04.10.2012 
and maintained by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/519 
of 26.03.2015 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1138/2011 
08.11.2011 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1241/2012 
11.12.2012 
corrected by L 50, 
20.02.2014, p. 37 

L 122 
19.05.2015 
p. 4 

L 29 
31.01.2009 
p. 1 

L 194 
26.07.2011 
p. 6 

L 203 
31.07.2012 
P. 23 

L 275 
10.10.2012, 
p. 1 

L 82 
27.03.2015 
p. 78 

L 293 
11.11.2011 
p. 1 

L 352 
21.12.2012 
p. 1 

L 204 
09.08.2011 
p. 1 

L 196 
24.07.2012 
p. 1 

L 11 
16.01.2013 
p. 1 

Fatty alcohols and 
their blends 

Duties 

Glass fibres (certain 
open mesh fabrics) 

Duties (ext.)  Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 791/2011 
03.08.2011 
and extended to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Malaysia 
by Council Impl. 
Reg. (EC) No 
672/2012 
16.07.2012 and 
extended to such 
imports consigned 
from Taiwan and 
Thailand 
by Council Impl. 
Reg. (EC) No 
21/2013 
10.01.2013 
extended to such 
imports consigned 

EN 

121 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Molybdenum wires 

from India and 
Indonesia 
by Council Impl.Reg. 
(EU) No 1371/2013 
16.12.2013 
extended to certain 
slightly modified 
products by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
976/2014 
15.09.2014 

As last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1507 
09.09.2015 

Duties (ext.)  Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 511/2010 
14.06.2010 
and extended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 14/2012 
12.01.2012 
and extended by 
Council Impl.Reg. 
(EU) No 871/2013 
02.09.2013  
and extended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1952 of 
29.10.2015 

Tube and pipe 
fittings, of iron or 
steel 

Duties 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1514/2002 
19.08.2002 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 778/2003 
06.05.2003 
and maintained by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1001/2008 
13.10.2008 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 363/2010 
26.04.2010 
and maintained by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
1283/2014 
02.12.2014 

Moldova (Rep. of) 

Steel ropes and 
cables (ext.) 

Duties (ext.)  Council Reg. 

(EC) No 1858/2005 
08.11.2005 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 

OJ 
Reference 

L 346, 
20.12.2013, 
p. 20 

L 274 
16.09.2014 
p. 13 

L 236, 
10.09.2015, 
p. 1 

L 150 
16.06.2010 
p. 17 

L 8 

12.01.2012 

p. 22 

L 243 
12.09.2013 
p. 2 

L 284 
30.10.2015 
p. 100 

L 228 
24.08.2002 
p. 1 

L 114 
08.05.2003 
p. 1 

L 275 
16.10.2008 
p. 18 

L 107 
29.04.2010 
p. 1 

L 347 
03.12.2014 
p. 17 

L 299 
16.11.2005 
p. 1 

L 326 

EN 

122 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

(EC) No 1459/2007 
10.12.2007 
extended as 
concerns Ukraine to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Moldova (Rep. of) by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 760/2004 
22.04.2004 
and extended as 
concerns China to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Morocco by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1886/2004 
25.10.2004 
and extended as 
concerns China to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Korea (Rep. of) by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 400/2010 
26.04.2010 
corrected by L 332, 
15.12.2011 and 
corrected by 
L 140, 30.05.2012, 
p. 74 and 
maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 102/2012 
27.02.2012 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 558/2012 
26.06.2012 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
489/2014 
12.05.2014 
as last amended by 
Commission Reg. 
(EU) No 493/2014 
13.05.2014 

Morocco 

Steel ropes and 
cables (ext.) 

Duties (ext.)  Council Reg. 

(EC) No 1858/2005 
08.11.2005 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1459/2007 
10.12.2007 
extended as 
concerns Ukraine to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Moldova (Rep. of) by 

OJ 
Reference 

12.12.2007 
p. 18 

L 120 
24.04.2004 
p. 1 

L 328 
30.10.2004 
p. 1 

L 117 
11.05.2010 
p. 1 

L 36 
09.02.2012 
p. 1 

L 168 
28.06.2012 
p. 3 

L 138 
13.05.2014 
p. 80 

L 139 
14.05.2014 
p. 7 

L 299 
16.11.2005 
p. 1 

L 326 
12.12.2007 
p. 18 

EN 

123 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 760/2004 
22.04.2004 
and extended as 
concerns China to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Morocco by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1886/2004 
25.10.2004 
and extended as 
concerns China to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Korea (Rep. of) by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 400/2010 
26.04.2010 
corrected by L 332, 
15.12.2011 and 
corrected by 
L 140, 30.05.2012, 
p. 74 and 
maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 102/2012 
27.02.2012 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 558/2012 
26.06.2012 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
489/2014 
12.05.2014 
as last amended by 
Commission Reg. 
(EU) No 493/2014 
13.05.2014 

Duties (ext.)  Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 990/2011 
03.10.2011 
as last amended by 
Council Reg.  
(EC) No 502/2013 
29.05.2013 
and extended to 
imports consigned 
from Indonesia, 
Malaysia, Sri Lanka 
and Tunisia by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 501/2013 
05.05.2011 
and extended to 
imports consigned 
from Cambodia, 
Pakistan and 

Pakistan 

Bicycles 

OJ 
Reference 

L 120 
24.04.2004 
p. 1 

L 328 
30.10.2004 
p. 1 

L 117 
11.05.2010 
p. 1 

L 36 
09.02.2012 
p. 1 

L 168 
28.06.2012 
p. 3 

L 138 
13.05.2014 
p. 80 

L 139 
14.05.2014 
p. 7 

L 261 
06.10.2011 
p.2 

L 153 
05.06.2013 
p. 17 

L 153, 
05.06.2013, 
p. 1 

EN 

124 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Philippines 

Bicycles 

Stainless steel 
fasteners and parts 
thereof 

Philippines by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/776 
of 18.05.2015 

Duties (ext.)  Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 990/2011 
03.10.2011 
as last amended by 
Council Reg.  
(EC) No 502/2013 
29.05.2013 
and extended to 
imports consigned 
from Indonesia, 
Malaysia, Sri Lanka 
and Tunisia by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 501/2013 
05.05.2011 
and extended to 
imports consigned 
from Cambodia, 
Pakistan and 
Philippines by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/776 
of 18.05.2015 

Duties (ext.)  Council Reg. 

(EC) No 1890/2005 
14.11.2005 
corrected by L 256, 
02.10.2007, p. 31 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 2/2012 
04.01.2012 
and extended as 
concerns China to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Philippines by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 205/2013 
07.03.2013 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 830/2014 
30.06.2007 
corrected by L 229, 
03.09.2015, p. 16 

Tube or pipe fittings, 
of iron or steel (ext.)

Duties (ext.)  Council Reg. 

(EC) No 964/2003 
02.06.2003  
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1496/2004 
18.08.2004 and 
extended as 

OJ 
Reference 

L 122 
19.05.2015 
p. 4 

L 261 
06.10.2011 
p.2 

L 153 
05.06.2013 
p. 17 

L 153, 
05.06.2013, 
p. 1 

L 122 
19.05.2015 
p. 4 

L 302 
19.11.2005 
p. 1 

L 5 
07.01.2012 
p. 1 

L 68 
12.03.2013 
p. 1 

L 228, 
31.07.2014, 
p. 16 

L 139 
06.06.2003 
p. 1 

L 275 
25.08.2004 
p. 1 

EN 

125 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

OJ 
Reference 

concerns China to 
imports consigned 
from Indonesia by 
Council Reg.  
(EC) 2052/2004 
22.11.2004 and to 
imports consigned 
from Sri Lanka by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 2053/2004 
22.11.2004 and 

 to imports 
consigned from the 
Philippines by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 655/2006 
27.04.2006 and 
maintained by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 803/2009 
27.08.2009 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 658/2002 
15.04.2002 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 945/2005 
21.06.2005 
and maintained by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 661/2008 
08.07.2008 
corrected by 
L 339, 22.12.2009,  
p. 59 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 662/2008 
08.07.2008 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 989/2009 
19.10.2009 
and maintained by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
999/2014 
23.09.2014 

Commission Dec. 
No 2008/577/EC 
04.07.2008 
corrected by 
L 339, 22.12.2009,  
p. 59 

L 355 
01.12.2004 
p. 4 

L 355 
01.12.2004 
p. 9 

L 116 
29.04.2006 
p. 1 

L 233 
04.09.2009 
p. 1 

L 102 
18.04.2002 
p. 1 

L 160 
23.06.2005 
p. 1 

L 185 
12.07.2008 
p. 1 

L 185 
12.07.2008 
p. 35 

L 278 
23.10.2009 
p. 1 

L 280, 
24.09.2014, 
p. 19 

L 185 
12.07.2008 
p. 43 

Russia 

Ammonium nitrate  

Duties 

Undertakings 

Ferro-silicon 

Duties 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 172/2008 
25.02.2008 and 

L 55 
28.02.2008 
p. 6 

EN 

126 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Grain-oriented flat-
rolled products of 
silicon-electrical 
steel 

Duties 

Seamless pipes and 
tubes of iron or steel 

Duties 

Tube and pipe 
fittings, of iron or 
steel 

Welded tubes and 
pipes, of iron or 
non-alloy steel 

Duties 

Duties 

South Africa 

Manganese dioxides 

Duties 

Sri Lanka 

Bicycles (ext) 

Duties 

maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 360/2014 
09.04.2014 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1953 

29.10.2015 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 954/2006 
27.06.2006 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 812/2008 
11.08.2008 and 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 540/2012 
21.06.2012 and 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 795/2012 
28.08.2012 and 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No L 1269 
21.12.2012 
corrected by 
L 298, 16.10.2014, 
p. 63 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 585/2012 
26.06.2012 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 78/2013 
17.01.2013 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1256/2008 
16.12.2008 
and maintained by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/110 
26.01.2015 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 221/2008 
10.03.2008 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 191/2014 
24.02.2014 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 990/2011 
03.10.2011 
as last amended by 
Council Reg.  
(EC) No 502/2013 
29.05.2013 
and extended to 

OJ 
Reference 

L 107 
10.04.2014 
p. 13 

L 284 
30.10.2015, 
P. 109 

L 175 
29.06.2006 
p. 4 

L 220 
15.08.2008 
p. 1 
L 165 
26.06.2012 
p. 1 
L 238 
04.09.2012 
p. 1 
L 357, 
28.12.2012 
p. 1 

L 174 
04.07.2012 
p. 5 

L 27 
29.01.2013 
p. 1 

L 343 
19.12.2008 
p. 1 

L 20 
27.01.2015 
p. 6 

L 69 
13.03.2008 
p. 1 

L 59 
28.02.2014 
p. 7 

L 261 
06.10.2011 
p.2 

L 153 
05.06.2013 
p. 17 

EN 

127 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

imports consigned 
from Indonesia, 
Malaysia, Sri Lanka 
and Tunisia by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 501/2013 
05.05.2011 
and extended to 
imports consigned 
from Cambodia, 
Pakistan and 
Philippines by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/776 
of 18.05.2015 

Duties (ext.)  Council Reg. 

Tube and pipe 
fitting, of iron or 
steel (ext.) 

OJ 
Reference 

L 153, 
05.06.2013, 
p. 1 

L 122 
19.05.2015 
p. 4 

L 139 
06.06.2003 
p. 1 

L 275 
25.08.2004 
p. 1 

L 355 
01.12.2004 
p. 4 

L 355 
01.12.2004 
p. 9 

L 116 
29.04.2006 
p. 1 

L 233 
04.09.2009 
p. 1 

L 204 
09.08.2011 
p. 1 

L 196 
24.07.2012 
p. 1 

(EC) No 964/2003 
02.06.2003  
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1496/2004 
18.08.2004 
and extended as 
concerns China to 
imports consigned 
from Indonesia by 
Council Reg.  
(EC) 2052/2004 
22.11.2004 
and to imports 
consigned from Sri 
Lanka by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 2053/2004 
22.11.2004 and to 
imports consigned 
from the Philippines 
by Council Reg. 
(EC) No 655/2006 
27.04.2006 and  

maintained by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 803/2009 
27.08.2009 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 791/2011 
03.08.2011 
and extended to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Malaysia 
by Council Impl. 
Reg. (EC) No 
672/2012 
16.07.2012 and 
extended to such 
imports consigned 
from Taiwan and 

Taiwan 

Glass fibres (certain 
open mesh fabrics) 

Duties 

EN 

128 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Thailand 
by Council Impl. 
Reg. (EC) No 
21/2013 
10.01.2013 
extended to such 
imports consigned 
from India and 
Indonesia 
by Council Impl.Reg. 
(EU) No 1371/2013 
16.12.2013 
extended to certain 
slightly modified 
products by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
976/2014 
15.09.2014 

As last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1507 
09.09.2015 

Silicon metal 

Duties (ext.)  Council Reg. 

(EC) No 398/2004 
02.03.2004 
extended to imports 
of silicon consigned 
from Korea (Rep. of) 
by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 42/2007 
15.01.2007 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 467/2010 
25.05.2010 
extended to imports 
of silicon consigned 
from Taiwan by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 311/2013 
05.04.2013 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1429 
26.08.2015 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1890/2005 
14.11.2005 
corrected by L 256, 
02.10.2007, p. 31 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 2/2012 
04.01.2012 
and extended as 

Stainless steel cold-
rolled flat products 

Duties 

Stainless steel 
fasteners and parts 
thereof 

Duties 

OJ 
Reference 

L 11 
16.01.2013 
p. 1 

L 346, 
20.12.2013, 
p. 20 

L 274 
16.09.2014 
p. 13 

L 236, 
10.09.2015, 
p. 1 

L 66 
04.03.2004 
p. 15 

L 13 
19.01.2007 
p. 1 

L 131 
29.05.2010 
p. 1 

L 95 
05.04.2013 
p. 1 

L 224 
27.08.2015, 
p. 10 

L 302 
19.11.2005 
p. 1 

L 5 
07.01.2012 
p. 1 

EN 

129 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

OJ 
Reference 

Tube and pipe 
fitting, of iron or 
steel (ext.) 

Thailand 

Hand pallet trucks 
and their essential 
parts (ext.) 

concerns China to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Philippines by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 205/2013 
07.03.2013 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 830/2014 
30.06.2007 
corrected by L 229, 
03.09.2015, p. 16 

Duties (ext.)  Council Reg. 

(EC) No 964/2003 
02.06.2003  
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1496/2004 
18.08.2004 
and extended as 
concerns China to 
imports consigned 
from Indonesia by 
Council Reg.  
(EC) 2052/2004 
22.11.2004 
and to imports 
consigned from Sri 
Lanka by  
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 2053/2004 
22.11.2004 
and to imports 
consigned from the 
Philippines by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 655/2006 
27.04.2006 
and maintained by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 803/2009 
27.08.2009 

Duties (ext.)  Council Reg. 

(EC) No 1174/2005 
18.07.2005 

as last amended by 
Council Reg.  
(EC) No 684/2008 
17.07.2008 
and extended to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Thailand 
by Council Reg. 
(EC) No 499/2009 
11.06.2009 and 
maintained by 

L 68 
12.03.2013 
p. 1 

L 228, 
31.07.2014, 
p. 16 

L 139 
06.06.2003 
p. 1 

L 275 
25.08.2004 
p. 1 

L 355 
01.12.2004 
p. 4 

L 355 
01.12.2004 
p. 9 

L 116 
29.04.2006 
p. 1 

L 233 
04.09.2009 
p. 1 

L 189 
21.07.2005 
p. 1 

L 192 
19.07.2008 
p. 1 

L 151 
16.06.2009 
p. 1 

L 268 

EN 

130 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1008/2011 
10.10.2011 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 372/2013 
22.04.2013 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
946/2014 
04.09.2014 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 791/2011 
03.08.2011 
and extended to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Malaysia 
by Council Impl. 
Reg. (EC) No 
672/2012 
16.07.2012 and 
extended to such 
imports consigned 
from Taiwan and 
Thailand 
by Council Impl. 
Reg. (EC) No 
21/2013 
10.01.2013 
extended to such 
imports consigned 
from India and 
Indonesia 
by Council Impl.Reg. 
(EU) No 1371/2013 
16.12.2013 
extended to certain 
slightly modified 
products by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
976/2014 
15.09.2014 

As last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1507 
09.09.2015 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 792/2011 
05.08.2011 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 682/2007 
18.06.2007 
corrected by 
L 252 of 27.09.2007, 

Glass fibres (certain 
open mesh fabrics) 

Duties 

Ring binder 
mechanisms 

Sweet corn 
(prepared or 
preserved, in 
kernels) 

Duties 

Duties 

OJ 
Reference 

13.10.2011 
p.1 

L 112 
24.04.2013 
p. 1 

L 265 
05.09.2014 
p. 7 

L 204 
09.08.2011 
p. 1 

L 196 
24.07.2012 
p. 1 

L 11 
16.01.2013 
p. 1 

L 346, 
20.12.2013, 
p. 20 

L 274 
16.09.2014 
p. 13 

L 236, 
10.09.2015, 
p. 1 

L 204 
09.08.2011 
p. 1 

L 159 
20.06.2007 
p. 14 

EN 

131 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

OJ 
Reference 

Threaded tube or 
pipe cast fittings, of 
malleable cast iron 

Duties 

Tunisia 

Bicycles (ext) 

Duties 

Turkey 

Ukraine 

Tube and pipe 
fittings, of iron or 
steel 

Duties 

Seamless pipes and 
tubes of iron or steel 

Duties 

p. 7 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 954/2008 
25.09.2008 
and by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 847/2009 
15.09.2009 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 875/2013 
02.09.2013 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 307/2014 
24.03.2014 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 430/2013 
13.05.2012 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 990/2011 
03.10.2011 
as last amended by 
Council Reg.  
(EC) No 502/2013 
29.05.2013 
and extended to 
imports consigned 
from Indonesia, 
Malaysia, Sri Lanka 
and Tunisia by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 501/2013 
05.05.2011 
and extended to 
imports consigned 
from Cambodia, 
Pakistan and 
Philippines by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/776 
of 18.05.2015 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 78/2013 
17.01.2013 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 954/2006 
27.06.2006 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 812/2008 
11.08.2008 and 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 540/2012 
21.06.2012 and 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 795/2012 

L 260 
30.09.2008 
p. 1 

L 246 
18.09.2009 
p. 1 

L 244 
13.09.2013 
p. 1 

L 91 
27.03.2014 
p. 1 

L 129 
14.05.2013 
p. 1 

L 261 
06.10.2011 
p.2 

L 153 
05.06.2013 
p. 17 

L 153, 
05.06.2013, 
p. 1 

L 122 
19.05.2015 
p. 4 

L 27 
29.01.2013 
p. 1 

L 175 
29.06.2006 
p. 4 

L 220 
15.08.2008 
p. 1 
L 165 
26.06.2012 
p. 1 
L 238 
04.09.2012 

EN 

132 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Steel ropes and 
cables 

Duties 

28.08.2012 and 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No L 1269 

21.12.2012 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 585/2012 
26.06.2012 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1858/2005 
08.11.2005 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1459/2007 
10.12.2007 
extended as 
concerns Ukraine to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Moldova (Rep. of) by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 760/2004 
22.04.2004 
and extended as 
concerns China to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Morocco by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1886/2004 
25.10.2004 
and extended as 
concerns China to 
such imports 
consigned from 
Korea (Rep. of) by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 400/2010 
26.04.2010 
corrected by L 332, 
15.12.2011 and 
corrected by 
L 140, 30.05.2012, 
p. 74 and 
maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EC) No 102/2012 
27.02.2012 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 558/2012 
26.06.2012 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
489/2014 
12.05.2014 
as last amended by 
Commission Reg. 

OJ 
Reference 

p. 1 
L 357, 
28.12.2012 
p. 1 

L 174 
04.07.2012 
p. 5 

L 299 
16.11.2005 
p. 1 

L 326 
12.12.2007 
p. 18 

L 120 
24.04.2004 
p. 1 

L 328 
30.10.2004 
p. 1 

L 117 
11.05.2010 
p. 1 

L 36 
09.02.2012 
p. 1 

L 168 
28.06.2012 
p. 3 

L 138 
13.05.2014 
p. 80 

L 139 

EN 

133 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

OJ 
Reference 

U.S.A. 

Biodiesel 

Duties 

Bioethanol 

Duties 

(EU) No 493/2014 
13.05.2014 

14.05.2014 
p. 7 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 599/2009 
07.07.2009 
and extended to 
imports consigned 
from Canada by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 444/2011 
05.05.2011 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 2015/1518 
14.09.2015 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 157/2013 
18.02.2013 

L 179 
10.07.2009 
p. 26 

L 122 
11.05.2011 
p. 12 

L 239 
15.09.2015 
p. 69 

L 49, 
22.02.2013 
p. 10 

Vietnam 

Grain-oriented flat-
rolled products of 
silicon-electrical 
steel 

Ring binder 
mechanisms (ext.) 

Duties 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1953 

L 284 
30.10.2015, 
P. 109 

29.10.2015 

Duties (ext.)  Council Reg. 

(EC) No 2074/2004 
29.11.2004 
extended to imports 
from Vietnam 
by Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1208/2004 
28.06.2004 
and extended to 
imports from Laos  
by Council Reg. 
(EC) No 33/2006 
09.01.2006 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 157/2010 
22.02.2010 

L 359 
04.12.2004 
p. 11 

L 232 
01.07.2004 
p. 1 

L 7 
12.01.2006 
p. 1 

L 49 
26.02.2010 
p. 1 

EN 

134 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNEX P 

Definitive anti-subsidy measures in force on 31 December 2015 

A. Ranked by product (alphabetical) 

Product 

Origin 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Biodiesel (AS) 

U.S.A. 
Canada (ext.) 

Duties 

Coated fine paper (AS) 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Glass fibre products 
(continuous filament) 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Graphite electrode systems 
(AS) 

India 

Duties 

Organic coated steel products  P.R. China 

Duties 

Polyethylene terephthalate 
(PET) (AS) 

India 

Duties 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 598/2009 
07.07.2009 
and extended to 
imports consigned 
from Canada 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 443/2011 
05.05.2011 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 452/2011 
06.05.2011 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
1379/2014 
16.12.2014 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1628/2004 
13.09.2004 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1354/2008 
18.12.2008 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1185/2010 
13.12.2010 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 215/2013 
11.03.2013 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 193/2007 
22.02.2007 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1286/2008 
16.12.2008 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 461/2013 
21.05.2013 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 190/2014 
24.02.2014 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1350 of 

OJ 
Reference 

L 179 
10.07.2009 
p. 1 

L 122 
11.05.2011 
p. 1 

L 128 
14.05.2011 
p. 18 

L 367 
23.12.2014, 
p. 22 

L 295 
18.09.2004 
p. 4 

L 350 
30.12.2008 
p. 24 

L 332 
16.12.2010 
p. 1 

L 73 
15.03.2013 
p. 16 

L 59 
27.02.2007 
p. 34 

L 340 
19.12.2008 
p. 1 

L 137 
23.05.2013 
p. 1 

L 59, 
28.02.2014, 
p. 5 

L 208 
05.08.2015 
p. 10 

EN 

135 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Product 

Origin 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

OJ 
Reference 

Rainbow trout 

Turkey 

Duties 

Solar glass 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Solar panels (crystalline 
silicon photovoltaic modules 
and key components) 

P.R. China 

Duties 

03.08.2015 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/309 
26.02.2015 

L 56 
27.02.2015 
p. 12 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
471/2014 

L 142 
14.05.2014, 
p. 23 

13.05.2014 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1239/2013 
02.12.2013 

L 325, 
05.12.2013, 
p. 66 

Undertakings 

Commission Dec. 
No 2013/707/EU 
05.12.2013 

Stainless steel bars and rods 
(AS) 

India 

Duties 

Stainless steel wires 

India 

Duties 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 405/2011 
19.04.2011 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 721/2013 
22.07.2013 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 861/2013 
02.09.2013 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/49 
14.01.2015  
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1019 
29.06.2015 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1821 
09.10.2015 

L 325 

05.12.2013 

p. 214 

L 108 
28.04.2011 
p. 3 

L 202 
27.07.2013 
p. 2 

L 240 
07.09.2013 
p. 1 

L 9 
15.01.2015 
p. 17 

L 163 
30.06.2015 
p. 18 

L 265 
10.10.2015 
p. 4 

EN 

136 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
B. Ranked by country (alphabetical) 

Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Canada 

Biodiesel (AS) 
(ext.) 

Duties (ext.)  Council Reg. 

P.R. China 

Duties 

Duties 

Coated fine paper 
(AS) 

Glass fibre 
products 
(continuous 
filament) 

Organic coated 
steel products 

Solar glass 

Duties 

OJ 
Reference 

L 179 
10.07.2009 
p. 1 

L 122 
11.05.2011 
p. 1 

L 128 
14.05.2011 
p. 18 

L 367 
23.12.2014, 
p. 22 

L 73 
15.03.2013 
p. 16 

L 142 
14.05.2014, 
p. 23 

(EC) No 598/2009 
07.07.2009 
and extended to 
imports consigned 
from Canada 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 443/2011 
05.05.2011 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 452/2011 
06.05.2011 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
1379/2014 
16.12.2014 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 215/2013 
11.03.2013 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) No 
471/2014 

13.05.2014 

Solar panels 
(crystalline silicon 
photovoltaic 
modules and key 
components) 

Duties 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1239/2013 
02.12.2013 

L 325, 
05.12.2013, 
p. 66 

Undertakings 

Commission Dec. 
No 2013/707/EU 
05.12.2013 

L 325 

05.12.2013 

p. 214 

India 

Graphite electrode 
systems (AS) 

Duties 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1628/2004 
13.09.2004 

L 295 
18.09.2004 
p. 4 

Polyethylene 
terephthalate 
(PET) (AS) 

Duties 

as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1354/2008 
18.12.2008 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 1185/2010 
13.12.2010 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 193/2007 
22.02.2007 
as last amended by 
Council Reg. 
(EC) No 1286/2008 
16.12.2008 
and maintained by 
Council Impl. Reg. 

L 350 
30.12.2008 
p. 24 

L 332 
16.12.2010 
p. 1 

L 59 
27.02.2007 
p. 34 

L 340 
19.12.2008 
p. 1 

L 137 

EN 

137 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Regulation N° 

Stainless steel bars 
and rods (AS) 

Duties 

Stainless steel 
wires 

Duties 

(EU) No 461/2013 
21.05.2013 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 190/2014 
24.02.2014 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1350 
03.08.2015 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 405/2011 
19.04.2011 
as last amended by 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 721/2013 
22.07.2013 

Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 861/2013 
02.09.2013 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/49 
14.01.2015  
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1019 
29.06.2015 
as last amended by 
Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 
2015/1821 of 
09.10.2015 

OJ 
Reference 

23.05.2013 
p. 1 

L 59, 
28.02.2014, 
p. 5 

L 208 
05.08.2015 
p. 10 

L 108 
28.04.2011 
p. 3 

L 202 
27.07.2013 
p. 2 

L 240 
07.09.2013 
p. 1 

L 9 
15.01.2015 
p. 17 

L 163 
30.06.2015 
p. 18 

L 265 
10.10.2015 
p. 4 

Turkey 

Rainbow trout 

Duties 

U.S.A. 

Biodiesel (AS) 

Duties 

Top 

Commission Impl. 
Reg. (EU) 2015/309 
26.02.2015 

L 56 
27.02.2015 
p. 12 

Council Reg. 
(EC) No 598/2009 
07.07.2009 
and extended to 
imports consigned 
from Canada 
Council Impl. Reg. 
(EU) No 443/2011 
05.05.2011 

L 179 
10.07.2009 
p. 1 

L 122 
11.05.2011 
p. 1 

List of Annexes 

EN 

138 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNEX Q 

Undertakings in force on 31 December 2015 

A. Ranked by product (alphabetical) 

Product 

Origin 

Measure 

Decision N° 

Ammonium nitrate 

Russia 

Undertakings 

Citric acid 

P.R. China 

Undertakings 

Solar panels (crystalline 
silicon photovoltaic modules 
and key components) 
(AD + AS) 

P.R. China 

Undertakings 

Commission Dec. 
No 2008/577/EC 
04.07.2008 
corrected by L 339, 
22.12.2009, p. 59 
and amended by L 
277, 11.10.2012, p. 
8 

Commission Dec. 
No 2008/899/EC 
02.12.2008 
corrected by C 346, 
26.11.2011, p. 8 and 
by C 3, 06.01.2012, 
p. 11, corrected by C 
64, 03.03.2012, p. 
25, corrected by C 
74, 13.03.2012, p. 
16 
and amended by L 
244, 08.09.2012, p. 
27,measures 
extended after 
expiry review, 
Commission 
Implementing 
Decision (EU) 
2015/87  

Commission Dec. 
No 2013/707/EU 
05.12.2013 
corrected by L 104, 
08.04.2014, p. 82 
and amended by L 
270, 11.09.2014, p. 
6 

OJ 
Reference 

L 185 
12.07.2008 
p. 43 

L 323 
03.12.2008 
p. 62,  

L 15, 
22.1.2015, p. 
75 

L 325 
05.12.2013 
p. 214 

Zeolite A powder 

Bosnia and 
Herzegovina 

Undertakings 

Commission Dec. 
No 2011/279/EU 
13.05.2011 

L 125 
14.05.2011 
p. 26 

Top 

List of Annexes 

EN 

139 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
B. Ranked by country (alphabetical) 

Origin 

Product 

Measure 

Decision N° 

Publication 

Bosnia and Herzegovina 

Zeolite A powder 

Undertakings 

Brazil 

Aluminium foil 

Undertakings 

P.R. China 

Citric acid 

Undertakings 

Undertakings 

Solar panels 
(crystalline silicon 
photovoltaic 
modules and key 
components) 
(AD + AS) 

Russia 

Ammonium nitrate  Undertakings 

Commission Dec. 
No 2011/279/EU 
13.05.2011 

Commission Dec. 
No 2009/736/EC 
05.10.2009 

Commission Dec. 
No 2008/899/EC 
02.12.2008 
corrected by C 346, 
26.11.2011, p. 8 and 
by C 3, 06.01.2012, 
p. 11, corrected by C 
64, 03.03.2012, p. 
25, corrected by C 
74, 13.03.2012, p. 
16 
and amended by L 
244, 08.09.2012, p. 
27measures 
extended after 
expiry review, 
Commission 
Implementing 
Decision (EU) 
2015/87 

Commission Dec. 
No 2013/707/EU 
05.12.2013 
corrected by L 104, 
08.04.2014, p. 82 
and amended by L 
270, 11.09.2014, p. 
6 

Commission Dec. 
No 2008/577/EC 
04.07.2008 
corrected by L 339, 
22.12.2009, p. 59 

L 125 
14.05.2011 
p. 26 

L 262 
06.10.2009 
p. 50 

L 323 
03.12.2008 
p. 62 

L 15, 
22.1.2015, p. 
75 

L 325 
05.12.2013 
p. 214 

L 185 
12.07.2008 
p. 43 

EN 

140 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNEX R 

Anti-dumping & anti-subsidy investigations pending on 31 December 2015 

A. New investigations (ranked by product – in alphabetical order) 

Product 

AD/AS 
No 

Origin 

Type 

OJ Reference 

Aluminium foil (in rolls of a weight 
exceeding 10 kg, ("household 
foils") 

AD610 

Russia 

Initiation 

C 354 
08.10.2014, p. 14 

Provisional 
measures 

L 175 
04.07.2015, p. 14 

Aspartame 

AD621 

P.R. China 

Initiation 

Ceramic foam filters 

AD624 

P.R. China 

Initiation 

Cold-rolled flat steel products 

AD620 

P.R. China 
Russia 

Initiation 

European sea bass and gilthead 
sea bream 

High fatigue performance steel 
concrete reinforcement bars 

AS623 

Turkey 

Initiation 

AD619 

P.R. China 

Initiation 

Manganese oxides 

AD625 

Brazil 

Initiation 

Georgia 

India 

Mexico 

Silicon manganese 

AD617 

India 

Initiation 

Sodium cyclamate27 

AD626 

P.R. China 

Initiation 

Stainless steel tube and pipe butt-
welding fittings 

AD622 

P.R. China 
Taiwan 

Initiation 

Tartaric acid 

AD614 

P.R. China 

Initiation 

Tubes and pipes of ductile cast 
iron 

AD616 

India 

Initiation 

C 177 
30.05.2015, p. 6 

C 266 
14.08.2015, p. 14 

C 161 
14.05.2015, p. 9 

C 266 
14.08.2015, p. 4 

C 143 
30.04.2015, p. 12 

C 421, 
17.12.2015, p.13 

C 461 
20.12.2014, p. 25 

C 264 
12.08.2015, p. 32 

C 357 
29.10.2015 
p. 5 

C 434 
04.12.2014, p. 9 

C 461 
20.12.2014, p. 35 

Tubes and pipes of ductile cast 
iron 

AS618 

India 

Initiation 

C 83 
11.03.2015, p. 4 

Provisional 
measures 

L 244 
19.09.2015, p. 25 

27  limited to two Chinese exporting producers Fang Da Food Additive (Shen Zhen) Limited and Fang Da 

Food Additive (Yang Quan) Limited 

EN 

141 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
B. Review investigations (ranked by product - in alphabetical order) 

Product 

R. No 

Origin 
(consigned 
from) 

Type of 
review 

OJ 
Reference 

Aluminium foil (in rolls of a weight 
exceeding 10 kg) 

R607 

Brazil 
P.R. China 

Expiry review 

Aluminium road wheels 

R628 

P.R. China 

Expiry review 

Biodiesel 

Biodiesel 

Citric acid 

Graphite electrode systems 

R619 

R610 

R614 

R633 

R634 

USA 
(Canada) 

USA 
(Canada) 

P.R. China 
(Malaysia) 

India 

Partial interim 
review 

Partial interim 
review 

Anti-
circumvention 
investigation 

Expiry review 

High tenacity yarn of polyester 

R627 

P.R. China 

Expiry review 

Molybdenum wires 

R621 

P.R. China 

Expiry review 

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) 

R631 

P.R. China 

Expiry review 

Ringbinder mechanisms 

R612 

P.R. China 

Expiry review 

Sodium cyclamate 

R618 

P.R. China 
Indonesia 

Expiry review 

Solar panels (crystalline silicon 
photovoltaic modules and key 
components) 

R629 

R630 

P.R. China 

Expiry review 

Seamless pipes and tubes of iron 
or steel 

R606 

P.R. China 

Expiry review 

C 350 
04.10.2014 
p.11 

C 355 
27.10.2015 
p. 8 

C 162 
19.05.2015 
p. 9 

C 162 
19.05.2015 
p. 13 

L 113 
01.05.2015 
p. 38 

C 415, 
15.12.2015, 
p.25 

C 415, 
15.12.2015, 
p.33 

C 397 
28.11.2015 
p. 10 

C 194 
12.06.2015 
p. 4 

C 376 
13.11.2015 
p. 13 

C 67 
25.02.2015, 
p. 15 

C 189 
06.06.2015 
p. 2 

C 405, 
05.12.2015, 
p. 8 

C 405, 
05.12.2015, 
p. 20 

C 347 
03.10.2014 
p.6 

Silicon metal (silicon) 

R616 

P.R. China 

Expiry review 

C 174 

EN 

142 

   EN 

 
 
Product 

R. No 

Origin 
(consigned 
from) 

Type of 
review 

OJ 
Reference 

Silicon metal (silicon) 

R626 

P.R. China 

Partial interim 
review 

Sodium gluconate 

R624 

P.R. China 

Expiry review 

Solar panels (crystalline silicon 
photovoltaic modules and key 
components) 

Solar panels (crystalline silicon 
photovoltaic modules and key 
components) (AS) 

Solar panels (crystalline silicon 
photovoltaic modules and key 
components) 

Solar panels (crystalline silicon 
photovoltaic modules and key 
components) (AS) 

R615a 

P.R. China 

R615b 

P.R. China 

R620 

R622 

P.R. China 
(Malaysia 
Taiwan) 

P.R. China 
(Malaysia 
Taiwan) 

Steel ropes and cables 

R609 

Ukraine 

Steel ropes and cables 

R636 

Korea, Rep. of 

Partial interim 
review 

Partial interim 
review 

Anti-
circumvention 
investigation 

Anti-
circumvention 
investigation 

Partial interim 
review 

New exporter 
review 

Threaded tube or pipe cast 
fittings, of malleable cast iron 

R623 

P.R. China 
Thailand 

Partial interim 
review 

Tube and pipe fittings, of iron or 
steel 

R587 

Korea, Rep. of 

Partial interim 
review 

Zeolite A powder 

AD553a 

Bosnia and 
Herzegovina 

Reopening 

C. Ranked by country (new and review investigations) (alphabetical) 

Origin 
(consigned 
from) 

AD/AS/R 
No 

Product  

Type 

Bosnia and 
Herzegovina 

AD553a 

Zeolite A powder 

Reopening 

Brazil 

R607 

Aluminium foil (in rolls of a weight 
exceeding 10 kg) 

Expiry review 

AD625 

Manganese oxides 

Initiation 

28.05.2015 
p. 10 

C 286 
01.09.2015 
p. 5 

C 355 
27.10.2015 
p. 18 

C 147 
05.05.2015 
p. 4 

C 147 
05.05.2015 
p. 4 

L 132 
29.05.2015 
p. 60 

L 132 
29.05.2015 
p. 53 

C 410 
18.11.2014 
p. 15 

L 309 
26.11.2015 
p. 309 

C 392 
25.11.2015 
p. 14 

C 58 
18.02.2015 
p. 9 

C 17 
20.01.2015 
p. 26 

OJ 
Reference 

C 17 
20.01.2015 
p. 26 

C 350 
04.10.2014 
p.11 

C 421, 
17.12.2015, 

EN 

143 

   EN 

 
 
 
Origin 
(consigned 
from) 

AD/AS/R 
No 

Product  

Type 

OJ 
Reference 

Canada 

R619 

Biodiesel 

R610 

Biodiesel 

Partial interim 
review 

Partial interim 
review 

P.R. China 

R607 

Aluminium foil (in rolls of a weight 
exceeding 10 kg) 

Expiry review 

R628 

Aluminium road wheels 

Expiry review 

AD621 

Aspartame 

Initiation 

AD624 

Ceramic foam filters 

Initiation 

AD620 

Cold-rolled flat steel products 

Initiation 

R635 

Hand pallet trucks and their ess. 
parts 

AD619 

High fatigue performance steel 
concrete reinforcement bars 

Anti-
circumvention 
investigation 

Initiation 

R 627 

High tenacity yarn of polyester 

Expiry review 

R621 

Molybdenum wires 

Expiry review 

R631 

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) 

Expiry review 

R612 

Ringbinder mechanisms 

Expiry review 

R606 

Seamless pipes and tubes of iron 
or steel 

Expiry review 

R616 

Silicon metal (silicon) 

Expiry review 

R626 

Silicon metal (silicon) 

Partial interim 
review 

p.13 

C 162 
19.05.2015 
p. 9 

C 162 
19.05.2015 
p. 13 

C 350 
04.10.2014 
p.11 

C 355 
27.10.2015 
p. 8 

C 177 
30.05.2015, 
p. 6 

C 266 
14.08.2015 
p. 14 

C 161 
14.05.2015 
p. 9 

L 330, 
16.12.2015, 
p.43 

C 143 
30.04.2015 
p. 12 

C 397 
28.11.2015 
p. 10 

C 194 
12.06.2015 
p. 4 

C 376 
13.11.2015 
p. 13 

C 67 
25.02.2015 
p. 15 

C 347 
03.10.2014 
p.6 

C 174 
28.05.2015 
p. 10 

C 286 
01.09.2015 
p. 5 

EN 

144 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 
(consigned 
from) 

AD/AS/R 
No 

Product  

Type 

OJ 
Reference 

R618 

Sodium cyclamate 

Expiry review 

AD626 

Sodium cyclamate28 

Initiation 

R624 

Sodium gluconate 

Expiry review 

R615a 

R615b 

R629 

R630 

Solar panels (crystalline silicon 
photovoltaic modules and key 
components) 

Solar panels (crystalline silicon 
photovoltaic modules and key 
components) (AS) 

Solar panels (crystalline silicon 
photovoltaic modules and key 
components) 

Partial interim 
review 

Partial interim 
review 

Expiry review 

R640a 

R640b 

Solar panels (crystalline silicon 
photovoltaic modules and key 
components) 

Partial interim 
review 

AD622 

Stainless steel tube and pipe butt-
welding fittings 

Initiation 

AD614 

Tartaric acid 

Initiation 

R623 

Threaded tube or pipe cast 
fittings, of malleable cast iron 

Partial interim 
review 

India 

AD617 

Silicon manganese 

Initiation 

AD616 

Tubes and pipes of ductile cast 
iron 

Initiation 

Provisional 
measures 

C 189 
06.06.2015 
p. 2 

C 264 
12.08.2015 
p. 32 

C 355 
27.10.2015 
p. 18 

C 147 
05.05.2015 
p. 4 

C 147 
05.05.2015 
p. 4 

C 405, 
05.12.2015, 
p. 20 

C 405, 
05.12.2015, 
p. 33 

C 405, 
05.12.2015, 
p. 33 

C 411, 
11.12.2015, 
p. 4 

C 357 
29.10.2015 
p. 5 

C 434 
04.12.2014 
p. 9 

C 392 
25.11.2015 
p. 14 

C 461 
20.12.2014 
p. 25 

C 461 
20.12.2014 
p. 35 

L 244 
19.09.2015 
p. 25 

AS618 

Tubes and pipes of ductile cast 

Initiation 

C 83 

28  limited to two Chinese exporting producers Fang Da Food Additive (Shen Zhen) Limited and Fang Da 

Food Additive (Yang Quan) Limited 

EN 

145 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
Origin 
(consigned 
from) 

AD/AS/R 
No 

iron 

Product  

Type 

OJ 
Reference 

R635 

Stainless steel wires 

Partial interim 
review 

AD625 

Manganese oxides 

Initiation 

R633 

R634 

Graphite electrode systems 

Expiry review 

Indonesia 

R618 

Sodium cyclamate 

Expiry review 

Georgia 

AD625 

Manganese oxides 

Initiation 

Korea, Rep. of 

R636 

Steel ropes and cables 

New exporter 
review 

R587 

Tube and pipe fittings, of iron or 
steel 

Partial interim 
review 

Malaysia 

R614 

Citric acid 

R620 

R622 

Solar panels (crystalline silicon 
photovoltaic modules and key 
components) 

Solar panels (crystalline silicon 
photovoltaic modules and key 
components) (AS) 

Mexico 

AD625 

Manganese oxides 

Anti-
circumvention 
investigation 

Anti-
circumvention 
investigation 

Anti-
circumvention 
investigation 

Initiation 

Russia 

AD610 

Aluminium foil (in rolls of a weight 
exceeding 10 kg) 

Initiation 

Provisional 
measures 

AD620 

Cold-rolled flat steel products 

Initiation 

Taiwan 

R620 

Solar panels (crystalline silicon 
photovoltaic modules and key 

Anti-
circumvention 

11.03.2015 
p. 4 

C 411, 
11.12.2015, 
p. 4 

C 421, 
17.12.2015, 
p.13 

C 415, 
15.12.2015, 
p.33 

C 415, 
15.12.2015, 
p.25 

C 189 
06.06.2015 
p. 2 

C 421, 
17.12.2015, 
p.13 

L 309 
26.11.2015 
p. 309 

C 58 
18.02.2015 
p. 9 

L 113 
01.05.2015 
p. 38 

L 132 
29.05.2015 
p. 60 

L 132 
29.05.2015 
p. 53 

C 421, 
17.12.2015, 
p.13 

C 354 
08.10.2014 
p. 14 

L 175 
04.07.2015 
p. 14 

C 161 
14.05.2015 
p. 9 

L 132 
29.05.2015 

EN 

146 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Origin 
(consigned 
from) 

AD/AS/R 
No 

Product  

Type 

OJ 
Reference 

components) 

investigation 

p. 60 

R622 

Solar panels (crystalline silicon 
photovoltaic modules and key 
components) (AS) 

Anti-
circumvention 
investigation 

AD622 

Stainless steel tube and pipe butt-
welding fittings 

Initiation 

Thailand 

R623 

Threaded tube or pipe cast 
fittings, of malleable cast iron 

Partial interim 
review 

Turkey 

AS623 

European sea bass and gilthead 
sea bream 

Initiation 

Ukraine 

R609 

Steel ropes and cables 

Partial interim 
review 

L 132 
29.05.2015 
p. 53 

C 357 
29.10.2015 
p. 5 

C 392 
25.11.2015 
p. 14 

C 266 
14.08.2015 
p. 4 

C 410 
18.11.2014 
p. 15 

EN 

147 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ANNEX S 

Court cases 

A. Court cases pending before the Court of Justice of the European Union 

and the General Court on 31 December 2015 

Court of Justice 

C-659/13 

C-34/14 

C-186/14 P 

C & J Clark International (preliminary ruling) 

Puma (preliminary ruling) 

ArcelorMittal Tubular Products Ostrava and Others v Hubei Xinyegang 
Steel Co. (appeal T-528/09) 

C-193/14 P 

Council v Hubei Xinyegang Steel Co. (appeal T-528/09) 

C-232/14 

C-283/14 

C-284/14 

C-571/14 

C-31/15 P 

C-142/15 P 

C-239/15 P 

C-253/15 P 

C-254/15 P 

C-247/15 P 

C-248/15 P 

C-259/15 P 

C-260/15 P 

C-312/15 P 

C-345/15 P 

C-376/15 P 

C-377/15 P 

C-416/15 

C-468/15 P 

T-431/12 

T-442/12 

T-108/13 

Portmeirion Group (preliminary ruling) 

CM Eurologistik GmbH (preliminary ruling) 

Grünwald Logistik Service GmbH (GLS) (preliminary ruling) 

Timberland (preliminary ruling) 

Photo USA Electronic Graphic (appeal) 

SolarWorld AG e.a. v Commission (appeal T-507/13) 

RFAI v Commission (appeal T-466/12) 

Commission v Chin Haur (appeal T-412/13) 

Commission v City Cycle (appeal T-413/13) 

Maxcom v Chin Haur (appeal T-412/13) 

Maxcom v City Cycle (appeal T-413/13) 

Council v Chin Haur (appeal T-412/13) 

Council v City Cycle (appeal T-413/13) 

SolarWorld v Commission (appeal T-393/13) 

Chemk v Council (appeal T-169/12) 

Changshu City v Council (appeal T-558/12) 

Ningbo Jinding v Council (appeal T-559/12) 

Selena Romania (preliminary ruling) 

PTMM v Council (appeal T-26/12) 

General Court 

Distillerie Bonollo SpA v Council 

Changmao Biochemical Engineering v Council 

VTZ and others v Council 

EN 

148 

   EN 

 
 
 
T-276/13 

T-277/13 

T-351/13 

T-422/13 

T-424/13 

General Court 

Growth Energy and Renewable fuels association v Council 

Marquis Energy LLC v Council 

Crown v Council 

CPME and Others v Council 

Jinan Meide Casting v Council 

T-199/04 RENV 

Gul Ahmed v Council 

T-80/14 

T-111/14 

T-112/14 

T-113/14 

T-114/14 

T-115/14 

T-116/14 

T-117/14 

T-118/14 

T-119/14 

T-120/14 

T-121/14 

T-67/14 

T-139/14 

T-141/14 

T-142/14 

T-157/14 

T-158/14 

T-160/14 

T-161/14 

T-162/14 

T-163/14 

PT Musim Mas v Council 

Unitec Bio v Council   

Molinos Río de la Plata v Council   

Oleaginosa Moreno Hermanos v Council   

Vicentin v Council  

Aceitera General Deheza v Council  

Bunge Argentina v Council  

Cargill v Council  

Louis Dreyfus Commodities v Council  

Carbio v Council  

PT Ciliandra Perkasa v Council  

PT Pelita Agung Agrindustri v Council  

Viraj v Council 

PT  Wilmar  Bioenergi  Indonesia  and  PT  Wilmar  Nabati  Indonesia  v 
Council 

SolarWorld and Others v Council 

SolarWorld and Others v Council 

JingAo Solar Co. Ltd and Others v Council 

JingAo Solar Co. Ltd and Others v Council 

Yingli Energy (China) and Others v Council 

Yingli Energy (China) and Others v Council 

Canadian Solar Emea and Others v Council 

Canadian Solar Emea and Others v Council 

EN 

149 

   EN 

 
T-460/14 

T-487/14 

T-586/14 

T-783/14 

T-113/15 

T-435/15 

T-462/15 

T-607/15 

General Court 

AETMD v Council 

CHEMK v Commission 

Xinyi PV Products (Anhui) Holdings Ltd v Commission 

SolarWorld AG v Commission 

RFA International v Commission 

Kolachi Raj Industrial v Commission 

Asia Leader v Commission 

Yieh United Steel (Yusco) v Commission 

T-512/09 RENV 

Rusal Armenal v Council 

B. 

Judgments, orders or other decisions rendered in 2015 

C-143/14 

C-21/14 P 

C-511/13 P 

C-687/13 

C-569/13 

C-371/14 

T-507/13 

T-466/12 

T-412/13 

T-413/13 

T-393/13 

T-169/12 

T-558/12 

T-559/12 

T-432/12 

T-310/12 

T-26/12 

Court of Justice 

TMK Europe (preliminary ruling) 

Commission v Rusal Armenal (appeal T-512/09) 

Philips Lighting Poland SA and Philips Lighting BV v Council (appeal T-
469/07) 

Fliesen-Zentrum Deutschland (preliminary ruling) 

Bricmate (preliminary ruling) 

APEX (preliminary ruling) 

General Court 

SolarWorld and others v Commission (inadmissible) 

RFA International v Commission 

Chin Haur v Council 

City Cycle v Council 

SolarWorld and Solsonica v Commission 

CHEMK and KF v Council 

Changshu City Standard Parts Factory v Council 

Ningbo Jinding Fastener Co., Ltd v Council 

VTZ and others v Council 

Yuanping Changyuan Chemicals v Council 

PT Musim Mas v Council  

EN 

150 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
T-205/14 

T-206/14 

T-425/13 

T-73/12 

T-74/12 

T-75/12 

T-76/12 

T-191/10 

T-582/10 

T-108/13 

General Court 

Schroeder v Commission and Council 

Hüpeden & co v Commission and Council 

Giant China v Council 

Einhell v Commission 

Mecafer v Commission 

NuAir Polska v Commission 

NuAir Compressors and Tools v Commission 

Greenwood Houseware (Zhuhai) Ltd and Others v Council (W) 

Acron OAO and Dorogobuzh v Council (W) 

VTZ and others v Council 

ANNEX T 

EN 

151 

   EN 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Safeguard and surveillance measures in force on 31 December 2015 

A. Safeguard measures 

List of safeguard measures in force 

Product 

Country of 
origin 

Regulation/Decision 
N° 

OJ 
Reference 

None 

B. Surveillance measures 

List of surveillance measures in force 

Product 

Country of 
origin 

Regulation/Decision 
N° 

OJ 
Reference 

None 

EN 

152 

   EN