EASO work programme 2016.
Date: 2016-08-12
Institutions: European Asylum Support Office
Subjects: Community body, activity report, operation of the Institutions

European Asylum Support Office

EASO 
work programme 
2016

September 2015

SUPPORT IS OUR MISSION

EASO

European Asylum Support Office

EASO 
work programme 
2016

September 2015

SUPPORT IS OUR MISSION

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EASO work programme 2016 — 3

EASO work programme 2016

1.  EASO’s priorities in 2016 ......................................................................................................................... 5

1.1.  Introduction............................................................................................................................................. 5

1.2.  EASO’s mission ........................................................................................................................................ 6

1.3.  EASO’s principles ..................................................................................................................................... 6

1.4.  EASO’s key performance indicator .......................................................................................................... 7

1.5.  EASO’s priorities for 2016 ........................................................................................................................ 7

2.  Permanent support ................................................................................................................................ 9

2.1.  EASO training........................................................................................................................................... 9

2.2.  Quality support ..................................................................................................................................... 11

2.3.  Country of origin information ............................................................................................................... 12

2.4.  Cooperation with members of the courts and tribunals ...................................................................... 14

2.5.  EASO activities on vulnerable groups ................................................................................................... 15

2.6.  Project on information gathering on the phenomenon of facilitation of secondary movements 

during the asylum determination process in Germany and Sweden .................................................... 16

3.  Operational support ..............................................................................................................................17

3.1.  Operational support .............................................................................................................................. 17

3.2.  Asylum intervention pool ...................................................................................................................... 19

3.3.  EASO list of available languages ............................................................................................................ 20

3.4.  Joint processing activities ...................................................................................................................... 21

3.5.  Technical solutions for asylum and reception systems ......................................................................... 22

3.6.  Support on reception ............................................................................................................................ 23

3.7.  Relocation .............................................................................................................................................. 24

3.8.  Return and integration .......................................................................................................................... 25

4. 

Information and analysis support ..........................................................................................................27

4.1.  Information and documentation system .............................................................................................. 27

4.2.  Annual report on the situation of asylum in the EU .............................................................................. 28

4.3.  Early warning and preparedness system............................................................................................... 29

5. 

External dimension ................................................................................................................................30

5.1.  Third country support ........................................................................................................................... 30

5.2.  Resettlement ......................................................................................................................................... 32

6.  Horizontal programme ..........................................................................................................................33

6.1.  Dublin network  ..................................................................................................................................... 33

7. 

EASO’s cooperation network and internal organisation........................................................................ 34

7.1.  EASO’s cooperation network ................................................................................................................ 34

7.1.1.  Cooperation with the European Parliament, the Council of the European Union 

and the European Commission ................................................................................................. 34

7.1.2.  Cooperation with the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees 

and other international organisations ...................................................................................... 35
7.1.3.  Cooperation with EU agencies and justice and home affairs agencies .................................... 35
7.1.4.  Cooperation with academia and members of tribunals and courts ......................................... 36

7.2.  Consultative forum ................................................................................................................................ 37

7.3.  EASO’s organisational structure in 2016 ............................................................................................... 39

7.4.  EASO’s communication ......................................................................................................................... 40

7.5.  EASO’s administration ........................................................................................................................... 42
7.5.1.  EASO’s staff and budget overview for 2016 ............................................................................. 42

List of acronyms ........................................................................................................................................... 46

Annexes ........................................................................................................................................................47

EASO indicative list of public procurement procedures in 2016 ................................................................... 47

EASO list of publications and translations in 2016 ........................................................................................ 50

EASO work programme 2016 — 5

1.  EASO’s priorities in 2016

1.1. Introduction

In recent years important steps forward have been undertaken in the development of the Common European 
asylum system (CEAS) in order to develop the policy, legal and financial support instruments in the field of asylum.

In the second phase of the CEAS, the EU instruments provide the legal basis for greater harmonisation and set higher 
quality standards, thereby ensuring uniform statuses, high common conditions of protection and common features 
in asylum procedures for those in need of international protection. Furthermore, the strategic guidelines for the 
further development of the justice and home affairs area adopted by the European Council in June 2014 (1) define 
the priorities and objectives in this area, calling for a stronger role of the European Asylum Support Office (EASO), 
particularly, in promoting the coherent application of the acquis. Additionally, the Commission Communications 
entitled An open and secure Europe: making it happen (2) and On the work of the Task Force Mediterranean (3) identify 
relevant actions in the areas of responsibility of EASO. Finally, the new multiannual financial framework 2014-2020 
(MFF), including the new Asylum, Migration and Integration Fund (AMIF), provides the basis for the EU financial 
support on asylum, including allocations to EU agencies.

In the wake of the recent tragic incidents in the Mediterranean, on 20 April, at the joint meeting of foreign and interior 
ministers, home affairs and citizenship commissioner Avramopoulos presented a 10-point plan outlining immediate 
actions to be taken in response to the crisis in the Mediterranean. The European Council, on 23 April, issued a 
statement (4) outlining various measures — several of them involving EASO — aimed at preventing further loss of life 
at sea and to tackle the root causes of the human emergency that the EU is facing. This was followed by a European 
Parliament resolution a few days later (5). On 13 May, the European Commission adopted the European agenda on 
migration (6), which outlines a series of steps that the EU should take to build a coherent and comprehensive approach 
to reap the benefits and address the challenges deriving from migration. Moreover, the European Council conclusions 
of 25 and 26 June and the JHA council meeting of 20 July list a number of additional activities for EASO, including 
emergency relocation of 40 000 applicants for international protection (from Greece and Italy), the setting up of 
reception, resettlement of 20 000 persons in need of protection, first reception facilities in the frontline Member 
States (with the active support of Member States’ experts and of EASO), and coordination of the implementation 
of the safe country of origin provisions in the asylum procedures directive. EASO will have an enhanced role in the 
monitoring of the CEAS, establishment of a new dedicated network of reception authorities, a pilot project on shared 
reception, development of quality criteria for reception centres in cooperation with the Commission, clearing house 
for national COI, creation of a Dublin network to facilitate communication and coordination between Dublin units 
and Dublin-related issues, and a project with Germany and Sweden on the phenomenon of secondary movements.

In this context, in 2016 EASO will continue playing a central role as the EU centre of expertise on asylum. The agency 
will support Member States and associated countries participating in EASO (EU+) (7), as well as the EU institutions, in 
achieving these objectives through advanced practical cooperation measures, expertise, common analyses, studies 
and evidence-based policy input.

The EASO annual work programme outlines the priorities, objectives and activities to be executed by EASO in 
accordance with the assigned duties. The work programme translates the organisation’s strategy into annual 
objectives and provides the basis for the yearly activity-based budgetary planning.

(1)  http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_Data/docs/pressdata/en/ec/143478.pdf

(2)  COM(2014) 154 final http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/home-affairs/e-library/documents/basic-documents/docs/an_open_and_secure_europe_-_making_it_

happen_en.pdf

(3)  COM(2013) 869 final http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/home-affairs/what-is-new/news/news/docs/20131204_communication_on_the_work_of_the_task_force_

mediterranean_en.pdf

(4)  Special meeting of the European Council, 23 April 2015 — statement: http://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2015/04/23-special-euco-
statement/. This part of the European agenda on migration incorporates and further develops the initiatives included in the Roadmap that the Commission 
presented as a follow up to the Statement of the European Council of 23 April.

(5)  http://www.europarl.europa.eu/oeil/popups/ficheprocedure.do?lang=en&reference=2015/2660 (RSP).

(6)  COM(2015) 240 final.

(7)  For the purpose of this document, the EU Member States and the associated countries participating in EASO are referred to jointly as ‘EU+ countries’.

6 — EASO work programme 2016

The 2016 work programme is drawn up within the general framework established in the EASO multiannual work 
programme 2016-2018, which comprises the strategic context and the objectives of EASO for this period. This 
document lays out the activities on the basis of which the estimates of revenue and expenditure and the establishment 
plan are prepared.

The 2016 work programme is structured in six sections defining the main areas of work of EASO: permanent support; 
operational support; information and analysis; external dimension; and the EASO cooperation network and internal 
organisation. Indicative lists of public procurement procedures and of publications and translations are incorporated 
as annexes of the work programme.

The EASO 2016 work programme constitutes the framework financing decision for the implementation of the 
identified activities. It provides for each activity performance indicators, an indicative timeline and the allocated 
human and financial resources.

Nevertheless, in view of the nature of EASO’s work and the need to respond in a timely and proactive manner 
to changing scenarios, circumstances and priorities, the management board authorises the executive director to 
decide upon changes to the work programme 2016, including its financial implications, and to retain the necessary 
flexibility to respond to these changing scenarios accordingly. The implementation of the work programme remains 
the responsibility of the executive director.

The European Commission, the justice and home affairs agencies and the EASO consultative forum have been 
consulted during the drafting phase of this document. Inputs were received on the outline of the work programme 
from the European Commission, different civil society organisations (International institute of humanitarian law, 
Save the children, Evangelische Kirche in Deutschland, Forum Réfugiés-Cosi, European association for the defence of 
human rights, Asylum research consultancy and the Dutch council for refugees) and JHA agencies. All contributions 
were duly taken into account in the preparation of the work programme to the furthest possible extent.

The implementation of the work programme 2016 will also take into consideration the findings and recommendations 
from the external evaluation undertaken in 2014 and 2015.

Considering the many changes that have happened over the past months, with many implications and additional 
tasks for EASO, it is expected that additional tasks assigned to the agency be met by increased financial and 
human resources in the amended budget of the EU 2016. The present text of the work programme incorporates 
all additional activities entrusted to EASO, but reflects only the currently known situation of allocated financial and 
human resources (8). The expected changes in terms of financial and human resources, if confirmed, will lead to the 
adoption of a new version of EASO’s 2016 work programme.

The management board adopted this work programme on 24 September subject to the positive opinion of the 
European Commission. The opinion of the European Commission was received on 30 September 2015. The work 
programme is in line with it.

1.2. EASO’s mission

EASO’s mission is to contribute to the implementation and development of the CEAS by providing support and 
facilitating, coordinating and strengthening practical cooperation among EU+ countries as an independent centre 
of expertise on asylum.

1.3. EASO’s principles

In fulfilling its mission, EASO observes the following principles:
•  providing comprehensive and timely support to requesting Member States;
•  stimulating quality and efficiency of the asylum and reception systems of Member States;
•  acting as an independent and impartial centre of expertise;
•  providing accurate and up-to-date data, analyses and assessments on asylum-related matters;

(8)  COM(2015)300 — June 2015.

EASO work programme 2016 — 7

•  supporting Member States in taking up their responsibilities in the field of asylum and in showing solidarity with 

Member States whose asylum systems are under pressure;

•  facilitating and stimulating joint and common practical cooperation measures in the field of asylum, thereby 

fostering mutual trust among Member States;

•  providing evidence-based input to EU policymakers on asylum;
•  cooperating with EU institutions, EU agencies and bodies, international organisations and civil society.

1.4. EASO’s key performance indicator

EASO’s overall key performance indicator represents the agency’s ability to meet the objectives set out in the annual 
work programme.

Consequently, EASO’s key performance indicator is represented by a qualitative indicator aiming at demonstrating 
the impact of EASO’s support in the coherent implementation of the CEAS, taking into account:
•  the tasks laid down in the EASO regulation, the recast EU asylum acquis and other related EU documents and the 

progress of EASO in implementing activities to fulfil these tasks;

•  the requests made by the EU+ countries, the European Commission, the Council of the EU, the European Parliament 
and other EU institutions, agencies and bodies to develop and execute additional EASO activities in order to 
support the implementation of the CEAS;

•  the evaluative opinions given by the EU+ countries, the European Commission, the Council of the EU, the European 

Parliament, other EU institutions, agencies and bodies and other EASO partners on EASO’s work.

The work programme identifies a number of specific objectives which are structured according to SMART (specific, 
measurable, achievable, realistic, time-bound) principles. In order to measure EASO’s performance, indicators are 
developed for each objective, together with the expected output and time frame.

1.5. EASO’s priorities for 2016

In 2016 EASO will focus its efforts in contributing to the effective, coherent and consistent practical implementation 
of the recast EU asylum acquis, in line with the European agenda on migration and the relevant European Council 
conclusions and European Parliament resolutions mentioned in section 1.1. Key to the further development of the 
CEAS is sufficient capacity in EU+ countries’ national asylum systems. EASO, as the EU centre of expertise on asylum, 
will have a more central role in coordinating these capacity-building measures through tailor-made operational 
support and practical cooperation activities, including training, activities on COI and quality, support to resettlement 
and coordination of emergency relocation under Article 78(3) of TFEU from Greece and Italy. EASO will enhance its 
capacity to collect and exchange information and documentation on asylum systems, as well as its Early warning 
and preparedness system (EPS). EASO will also endeavour to support the external dimension of the CEAS in line with 
the EASO external dimension strategy, in agreement with the European Commission and within the framework of 
the EU external relations policy.

EASO will organise advance practical cooperation activities for EU+ countries, the European Commission and 
other stakeholders. The practical cooperation activities will include conferences, workshops, expert meetings and 
specialised networks in order to discuss and take action on various issues of EU-wide relevance in the field of asylum 
(e.g. on policies, implementation of EU asylum law, situations in countries of origin, best practices, emergency 
flows). EASO will streamline the methodology and activities to promote practical cooperation in the field of asylum. 
EASO will strengthen synergies at horizontal level among all relevant stakeholders of its cooperation network. 
Additionally, EASO will develop further its query system to address issues related to policies and practices regarding 
the functioning of the CEAS. Further efforts will be dedicated to involve civil society in an effective manner and to 
enlarge the outreach of EASO external communication.

EASO’s current products, activities and programmes already bring EU-wide added value. Thus EASO will consolidate 
and develop further its existing core activities, but new activities will be promoted following a step-by-step approach.

8 — EASO work programme 2016

EASO’s objectives for 2016

•  Participating in the new hotspot approach.
•  Supporting the resettlement of 20 000 persons in need of protection and coordinating the relocation measures 

agreed at EU level, such as the relocation of 40 000 persons from Greece and Italy.

•  Coordinating the implementation of the safe country of origin provisions of the asylum procedures directive 

based on the roadmap set up by the Commission.

•  Strengthening the role of common training and professional development in the field of asylum.
•  Improving the quality of asylum processes and decisions.
•  Producing more common country of origin information (COI) and promoting its effective use.
•  Further developing joint processing activities.
•  Stimulating judicial dialogue in the field of asylum.
•  Supporting better identification of vulnerable persons.
•  Collecting and exchanging accurate and up-to-date information and documentation on the functioning of the 
CEAS and further developing an Early warning and preparedness system (EPS) to provide analysis of trends.

•  Cooperating in the development of a new systematic monitoring process of the CEAS implementation.
•  Implementing the project on the phenomenon of secondary movements to Germany and Sweden.
•  Providing timely and comprehensive operational support to Member States.
•  Promoting adequate reception conditions and integration measures.
•  Fostering synergies between migration and asylum practices, including on return of failed asylum seekers.
•  Supporting the external dimension of the CEAS.
•  Promoting the participation of members of the EASO network on key issues at strategic and horizontal level.

EASO work programme 2016 — 9

2.  Permanent support

2.1. EASO training

EASO 
objective(s)

EASO aims at supporting EU+ countries in developing the knowledge, skills and competencies 
of their staff responsible for asylum matters through qualitative common training. EASO’s train-
ing contributes to the coherent implementation of the CEAS by supporting the establishment of 
a common quality level across the EU. To this end, EASO follows a two-track approach: on one 
hand, EASO develops relevant training material and, on the other hand, EASO organises train-
ing based on a train-the-trainer system.
EASO will extend the use of modern technology, innovative training tools and didactic method-
ologies and will develop new training tools based on existing materials, adaptable to the specific 
needs of EU+ countries. In particular, EASO will complete a migration of its e-learning system 
to a brand new solution; this new solution will be more robust to face the increasing number of 
training participants and will offer new tools to develop the training methodologies. EASO will 
continue working on a European certification process of the EASO training curriculum to sup-
port EU+ countries in ensuring that their personnel responsible for asylum matters are trained as 
required by the provisions of the asylum procedures directive (APD) and have adequate knowl-
edge and skills. The certification of the EASO training curriculum will be developed without prej-
udice to national systems and procedures.
EASO will cooperate with other EU agencies, particularly Frontex, the EU Agency for Fundamental 
Rights (FRA) and CEPOL, in the field of training. In this regard EASO will continue to be involved 
in common thematic training development, update or delivery such as fundamental rights and 
trafficking in human beings.
Due attention will be given, in close cooperation with the Office of the United Nations High 
Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), to issues related to vulnerable persons, gender identity 
and sexual orientation. EASO will continue to ensure that gender- and children-related topics 
are streamlined throughout its training materials.
EASO will be assessing the impact and effectiveness of EASO’s training activities in the EU+ 
countries.
New training tools will be developed, while the certification and accreditation systems of the 
EASO training curriculum will be implemented and the international sectoral qualification will 
be explored.

New in 2016

EASO will complete the migration of the e-learning system to a new solution. EASO will initiate 
the process for evaluating and assessing the impact and effectiveness of EASO’s training activ-
ities in the EU+ countries. New training tools will be developed, while the certification system 
will be established.

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Deliver at least 12 EASO train-the-trainer sessions.

Q1-Q4

Deliver at least two regional train-the-trainer 
sessions.

Q1-Q4

Number of train-the-trainer sessions delivered.
Number of trainers trained.
Level of satisfaction of the trainees.

Number of train-the-trainer sessions delivered.
Number of trainers trained.
Level of satisfaction of the trainees.

10 — EASO work programme 2016

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Provide expert support to EU+ countries in the 
implementation of the EASO training at national 
level.

Q1-Q4

Review at least three modules analysing the needs 
for update and/or upgrade.

Q1-Q4

Develop at least one training module or another 
training tool adaptable to the specific needs of EU+ 
countries. 

Q1-Q4

Organise an annual trainers’ network meeting.

Q3-Q4

Number of national staff trained.
Number of national training sessions adminis-
trated by EASO on its e-learning platform.
Number of translated modules implemented on 
the EASO e-learning platform.

Number of reviews.
Number of module updates/upgrades initiated.
Number  of  module  updates/upgrades  imple-
mented on the e-learning training platform.
Number of module update/upgrade reports.

Number  of  training  modules  or  training  tools 
initiated.
Number of modules or tools developed and made 
available to EU+ countries.

Number of trainers attending the meeting.
Level of satisfaction of the participants. 

Organise two EASO training national contact point 
meetings.

Q2, Q4 Number  of  participants  attending  the  NCP 

meeting.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meetings.

Organise an annual reference group meeting.

Q4

Develop at least two EASO training handbooks.

Q1-Q4

Complete the migration of the e-learning solution 
and of the existing courses.

Q1-Q4

Number of participants attending the meeting.
Use of the output of the meeting.

Number of EASO training handbooks initiated.
Number of EASO training handbooks made avail-
able to EU+ countries.

New e-learning platform operational.
Number of existing courses available on the new 
e-learning platform. 

Enhance  the  current  training  data  collection 
system (training cockpit) and publish an annual 
training report on the use of EASO training at EU 
and national level.

Q1-Q4

Training database upgraded.
Annual training report published.
Use of the output of the analysis of the current 
training.

Further implement a certification and accredita-
tion of the EASO training curriculum (TC), including 
the organisation of at least two certification and 
accreditation working group meetings.

Q1-Q4

Number of expert meetings organised.
Development of learning outcomes in all EASO TC 
modules.
Relate European qualifications framework (EQF) 
level descriptors to each EASO TC module.

EASO work programme 2016 — 11

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Initiate the process for evaluating and assessing 
the impact and effectiveness of EASO’s training 
activities in EU+ countries.

Q1-Q4

Impact assessment methodology adopted.
Procedures for the evaluation of training activi-
ties adopted.

Budget line and allocated amount

3201 Training: EUR 1 300 000

Human resources and allocated staff

Centre for training, quality and expertise
5 AD, 0.2 AST, 3 CA 

2.2. Quality support

EASO 
objective(s)

In accordance with its overall aim of supporting Member States in achieving common standards 
within the Common European asylum system (CEAS), EASO will continue its practical coopera-
tion activities under the EASO quality matrix process.
The EASO quality matrix process covers comprehensively the main elements of the CEAS through 
a mapping of Member States’ current practices followed by developing a set of interrelated deliv-
erables (thematic meetings and reports, practical tools, list of projects and initiatives). In par-
ticular, based on identified needs, EASO will continue to develop common practical tools and 
guides to support the daily work of case officers and other relevant target groups.
EASO will consider all relevant sources of information during this process and may, where nec-
essary, consult relevant stakeholders, such as competent international organisations, particu-
larly the UNHCR, academia and civil society.

New in 2016

New and/or more specific topics will be covered by the EASO quality matrix process, and the 
respective deliverables based on quality matrix methodology will be delivered, including devel-
opment of common practical tools and guides.

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Organise  three  EASO  thematic  meetings  on 
quality-specific topics or aspects of the CEAS.

Q1-Q4

Develop and publish at least two practical tools 
(e.g. practical guides, check lists).

Q1-Q4

Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meetings.

Number of practical tools developed.
Number of practical tools published.
Use of the quality tools.

Identify and share practical tools, including mon-
itoring  systems,  for  supporting  the  quality  in 
Member States’ asylum decision-making process 
and other aspects of the CEAS.

Q1-Q4

Number of thematic reports produced.
Quality projects and initiatives list updated.
Number of quality tools and mechanisms identi-
fied and shared.

Organise a national contact point meeting on 
quality.

Q4

Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meeting.

12 — EASO work programme 2016

Performance

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Budget line and allocated amount

3202 Quality processes: EUR 350 000

Human resources and allocated staff

Centre for training, quality and expertise
2 AD, 0.2 AST, 1 SNE 

2.3. Country of origin information

EASO 
objective(s)

EASO aims at the development of a comprehensive EU COI system, aiming at raising and harmo-
nising standards of COI together with EU+ countries and other key stakeholders.
To this end, given the considerable capacity in COI production already existing in the EU, the 
creation and sharing of COI should be rationalised and harmonised via the network approach 
adopted by EASO. EASO will, via specialist networks, accurately map needs for COI at EU level, 
helping to fill gaps and avoid duplication as well as seeking to make EU COI publicly available via 
the revamped COI portal.
Moreover, EASO will seek to further produce common COI in cooperation with EU+ countries 
and relevant stakeholders, such as relevant international organisations, particularly the UNHCR, 
academia and civil society. EASO will also continue developing practical guides and products 
regarding COI-specific topics. The possibility of coordinating the exchange of information on COI 
fact-finding missions (visits) and of building practical experience will also be explored in order 
to foster synergies and achieve greater harmonisation.
EASO will further focus on joint COI production and a functioning COI query system utilising the 
network approach while improving knowledge and use of new tools in the field of COI. Finally, 
in 2016 EASO will continue preparing the transfer of the medical country of origin information 
(MedCOI) project by 2017.
EASO will coordinate the implementation of the safe country of origin provisions in the asylum 
procedures directive. 

New in 2016

Introduce new COI portal providing public access to COI and improved presentation and collab-
oration tools. Strengthen EASO’s role as a clearing house for of national COI by improving the 
coordination of national COI production initiatives, increasing the ‘Europeanisation’ of national 
COI products through EASO reviewing mechanisms, and boosting the joint production of EASO 
COI products. Enhance cooperation with civil society experts. Provide elements for harmonisa-
tion of national safe country designation practices.

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Introduce the revamped COI portal, providing pub-
lic access to EU COI from linked national COI data-
bases and providing innovative collaboration tools 
and presentation methods.

Q1-Q4

Number of documents linked to and downloaded 
via the portal.
Number of databases linked to the portal.
Number of users.

Maintain the existing specialised EASO practical 
cooperation networks on specific countries of ori-
gin and, based on needs analysis, establish new 
networks.

Q1-Q4

Number of networks running and established.
Number of participants in the networks.
Number of meetings.
Outcomes of the meetings and their use.

EASO work programme 2016 — 13

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Develop COI reports, including through the exist-
ing  networks,  based  on  the  EASO  COI  report 
methodology. 

Q1-Q4

Number and extent of COI products developed.
Use of the products.

Develop other types of products (e.g. methodolo-
gies, practical guides) on transversal issues related 
to COI.

Q1-Q4

Number and scope of COI products.
Use of the products.

Organise at least three EASO practical coopera-
tion meetings on specific topics and specific coun-
tries of origin. 

Q1-Q4

Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of participants.
Use of the output of the meeting.

Organise  at  least  two  strategic  COI  network 
meetings.

Q2, Q4 Number of meetings.

Organise one or more national COI portal admin-
istrator network meetings and a training session.

Q1-Q4

Organise one or more events on new tools for COI 
research.

Q1-Q4

Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meetings.

Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meetings.

Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meetings.

Manage  the  COI  query  system  using  specific 
networks.

Q1-Q4

Number of queries answered.
Average time to answer the query.

Organise one or more events on the safe country 
of origin concept.

Q1-Q4

Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meetings.

Progress in the transfer of the MedCOI project to 
EASO by 2017.

Q1-Q4

A feasibility study finalised.
Follow up on the progress made.

Budget line and allocated amount

3203 Country of origin information: EUR 920 000

Human resources and allocated staff

Centre for information, documentation and analysis
3 AD, 0.5 AST, 1 CA, 3 SNE

14 — EASO work programme 2016

2.4. Cooperation with members of the courts and tribunals

EASO
objective(s)

EASO will continue its cooperation with European and EU+ countries’ courts and tribunals with 
the general objectives of contributing to the coherent implementation of the CEAS and advanc-
ing practical cooperation among EU+ countries on asylum.
EASO’s practical cooperation activities will be undertaken in line with the established frame-
work and with full respect to the independence of courts and tribunals.
EASO’s activities in this area will include the joint preparation of professional development 
materials, the organisation and promotion of professional development and practical cooper-
ation activities, and the organisation of advanced workshops in accordance with EASO’s 2014 
methodology.
In doing so, EASO will continue to cooperate with relevant partners in the field and make every 
effort to facilitate avenues for judicial dialogue and exchange.

New in 2016

New professional development tools for members of courts and tribunals will be developed 
and made available. 

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Develop and distribute at least one professional 
development tool for members of courts and 
tribunals.

Q1-Q4

Number  of  professional  development  tool/s 
initiated.
Number of professional development tool/s made 
availabile to members of courts and tribunals.

Organise at least one EASO professional develop-
ment session.

Q1-Q4

Organise a thematic conference for members of 
courts and tribunals.

Q2-Q3

Organise an annual planning and coordination 
meeting.

Q4

Number of events organised.
Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.

Number of participants.
Number of courts and tribunals engaged.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the outcome of the event.

Number of participants.
Number of courts and tribunals engaged.
Level of satisfaction of participants.
Use of the output of the meeting.

Budget line and allocated amount

3201 Training: EUR 200 000

Human resources and allocated staff

Centre for training, quality and expertise
1 AD, 1 CA, 0.2 AST

EASO work programme 2016 — 15

2.5. EASO activities on vulnerable groups

EASO
objective(s)

EASO will continue to provide support and develop practical cooperation among EU+ countries 
and other relevant experts on issues relating to vulnerable applicants.
EASO will focus on vulnerable groups such as children (including unaccompanied children), vic-
tims of trafficking in human beings, victims of torture and other cruel and inhuman treatment, 
persons at risk because of their gender, gender identity or sexual orientation and any other 
groups of applicants with special needs.
In doing so, it will take into account the general work on child protection and the protection of 
the rights of the child developed, inter alia, by the European Commission (in particular in line 
with the EU action plan on unaccompanied minors and the comprehensive strategy to be devel-
oped as its follow-up) FRA, the UNHCR and the UN general committee on the rights of the child.
EASO will also continue supporting the EU strategy towards the eradication of trafficking in 
human beings (2012-2016) and its coherent implementation in cooperation with the European 
Commission and other EU institutions, bodies and agencies, such as CEPOL, Europol, FRA and 
Frontex.
EASO will focus on addressing thematic issues such as best interests of the child, age assess-
ment and family tracing as part of the implementation of the CEAS.
EASO will mainstream aspects related to vulnerable groups in all EASO activities and will sup-
port policy coherence in this field.

New in 2016

Further review and develop EASO tools designed to support EU+ countries in the implementa-
tion of the CEAS within the context of vulnerable applicants. 

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Organise an annual EASO practical cooperation 
conference on unaccompanied children.

Organise an EASO practical cooperation expert 
meeting on trafficking in human beings.

Q4

Q2

Organise at least two EASO thematic practical 
cooperation meetings on topics related to vul-
nerable groups.

Q1-Q4

Participate in activities coordinated by the JHA 
agencies to prevent and fight against THB.

Q1-Q4

Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meetings.

Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meetings.

Number of meetings.
Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meetings.

Number of joint meetings attended.
Number of joint activities.
Use of the output of the meetings.

Review and/or develop at least one EASO practical 
cooperation tool (e.g. practical guides, checklists, 
web platform) designed to support EU+ countries 
in the implementation of the CEAS within the con-
text of vulnerable groups. 

Q1-Q4

Number of practical cooperation tools initiated or 
reviewed.
Use of tools.

Budget line and allocated amount

3203 Quality processes: EUR 125 000

Human resources and allocated staff

Centre for training, quality and expertise
1 AD, 2 SNE, 0.4 AST

16 — EASO work programme 2016

2.6. Project on information gathering on the phenomenon 

of facilitation of secondary movements during the asylum 
determination process in Germany and Sweden

EASO
objective(s)

In 2015 EASO, together with Frontex, Europol and Eurojust, started a project with Germany 
and Sweden to gain knowledge during the asylum process on the phenomenon of facilitation 
of secondary movements in order to analyse trends and profiles. The project is expected to run 
until October 2017.

New in 2016

Continue the implementation of the project, based on the agreed methodology, evaluate the 
first results and eventually adjust the methodology, if needed. 

Performance

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Organise four meetings to evaluate the first results 
of the project, two of which in the participating 
Member States.

Q1-Q4

Number of participants.
Use of the output of the meeting.

Proceed with data collection.

Q4

Number of data transfers.

Publish four quarterly reports.

Q1-Q4

Number of quarterly reports published.

Budget line and allocated amount

3401 Cooperation with partners and stakeholders: EUR 10 000

Human resources and allocated staff

Executive office
0.5 AD, 0.5 AST

EASO work programme 2016 — 17

3.  Operational support

3.1. Operational support

EASO
objective(s)

New in 2016

EASO will further develop its operational support based on the emerging needs of Member 
States to fully implement the EU asylum acquis and to respond to particular pressure on its asy-
lum and reception systems. EASO will tailor its operational support (special, emergency and joint 
processing) to the specific arising needs as well as the requests from Member States.
Special support will take the form of targeted measures to Member States with certain identified 
and specific needs related to the coherent and comprehensive implementation of the revised 
EU asylum acquis (including tailor-made assistance, capacity building, relocation, specific sup-
port and special quality-control processes).
EASO will provide emergency support to EU+ countries subject to particular pressure by deploy-
ing EU+ countries’ experts in the form of asylum support teams (ASTs) or by providing other sup-
port as required, including through joint processing support teams as per the European agenda 
on migration and the hotspot approach taken therein. EASO will cooperate with relevant bod-
ies in the provision of such support, devoting special attention to operational cooperation with 
Frontex and other stakeholders.
Furthermore, EASO will coordinate additional joint processing activities in 2016 involving sev-
eral EU+ countries, as appropriate.
Where relevant, EASO’s operational support actions will complement any actions undertaken 
within the framework of Article 33 mechanism of the Dublin III regulation.

Provide support to the hotspot approach deriving from the European agenda on migration. EASO 
will implement the feedback system for EU+ countries deploying experts and for host EU+ coun-
tries recipient of support measures. EASO will also further develop the strategic blueprint for 
the use of emergency measures in EU+ countries to promote the quality control and the long-
term impact of the deliverables of operations.
EASO will coordinate additional joint processing activities in various steps of the procedure for 
international protection and will make use of such activities in special and emergency support 
packages. 

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Participation of experts in special support teams 
and other support measures in Italy in accordance 
with the special support plan (SSP).

Q1-Q4

Participation of experts in special support teams 
and other support measures in Bulgaria in accord-
ance with the special support plan (SSP).

Q1-Q4

Number of support teams deployed.
Number of support measures.
Level of satisfaction of Italy with the support 
measures.
Degree of adoption and implementation of the 
outputs of the support measures.

Number of support teams deployed.
Number of support measures.
Level of satisfaction of Bulgaria with the support 
measures;
Degree of adoption and implementation of the 
outputs of the support measures.

18 — EASO work programme 2016

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Participation of experts in special support teams 
and other support measures in Greece in accord-
ance with the special support plan (SSP).

Q1-Q4

Number of support teams deployed.
Number of support measures.
Level of satisfaction of Greece with the support 
measures.
Number of relevant asylum and reception offi-
cials/civil servants with improved knowledge or 
skills.

Provide tailor-made/special support to requesting 
Member State(s) with certain identified and spe-
cific needs related to the implementation of the 
revised EU asylum acquis, in line with signed spe-
cial support plans.

Q1-Q4  Number of new special support plans signed.
Number of support measures implemented.
Level of satisfaction of the host EU+ countries.
Number of new policies and practices put in place.

Provide  emergency  support  to  EU+  countries 
under particular pressure, to enhance their capac-
ity and prepardness to manage their asylum and 
reception systems in line with signed Operating 
Plans, and cooperate with relevant bodies in the 
provision of emergency support.

Q1-Q4

Provide  operational  support  to  the  Member 
States, as per the European agenda on migration 
and the hotspot approach taken therein. 

Q1-Q4

Coordinate additional joint processing activities in 
various steps of the procedure for international 
protection, involving experts from several EU+ 
countries and making use of the handbook on 
joint processing in tailor-made operational sup-
port activities.

Q1-Q4

Number of OPs signed or implemented.
Number of ASTs deployed.
Number of other support measures.
Level of satisfaction of EU+ countries receiving 
support.
Degree of implementation of the outputs of the 
emergency measures.
Use of the deliverables.

Number of OPs signed or implemented.
Number of ASTs deployed.
Number of other support measures.
Level of satisfaction of EU+ countries receiving 
support.

Number of activites organised.
Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of these activities.
Use of the handbook.
Level of satisfaction of the users.
Number of support activities implemented.

Further develop the emergency blueprint and 
coordinate with partners, including civil society 
organisations, involved in emergency measures. 

Q1-Q4

Number of technical methods and tools developed.

Organise at least six EASO practical cooperation 
meetings related to operational support. 

Q1-Q4

Number of meetings.
Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meetings.

EASO work programme 2016 — 19

Performance

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Budget line and allocated amount

3301 Operational support: EUR 1 676 000

Human resources and allocated staff

Centre for operational support
2.75 Administrators (AD), 1 AST, 2 CA, 2.5 SNE

3.2. Asylum intervention pool

EASO
objective(s)

New in 2016

EASO will maintain an updated pool of experts, keep open communicationlines with the asy-
lum intervention pool (AIP) national contact points (NCPs) on all matters pertaining to experts 
deployed in operational support activities and provide assistance on all issues relating to their 
deployment.
EASO will assess the system for deployed experts and will further develop the use of opera-
tional tools for AIP experts (i.e. AIP system, informational and practical tools, reporting tem-
plates and feedback system).

Set up an information and communications technology (ICT)-supported environment (AIP sys-
tem). In close cooperation with the AIP NCPs, EASO will further develop the AIP management 
system to ensure the quality and coherence of deliverables in operational support.
Reinforce EASO’s ability to coordinate timely operational support and facilitate the participa-
tion of Member States’ experts in EASO operational support activities through an effective use 
of the asylum intervention pool.

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Organise at least two EASO practical cooperation 
meetings with the AIP NCPs in the EU+ countries.

Q1-Q4

Set up an ICT-supported environment (AIP system)

Q1-Q4

Number of meetings.
Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meetings.

AIP system tested and implemented.
Degree of satisfaction of EU+ countries with the 
AIP system.

Further develop the AIP management system, 
including manuals for the provision of operational 
support and deliverables resulting from opera-
tional support.

Q1-Q4

Number of manuals developed.
Number of users.
Level of satisfaction of the users.
Number of deliverables disseminated.

Evaluate  the  use  of  the  feedback  system  for 
deployed experts in the AIP.

Q1-Q4

Feedback system implemented and evaluated.
Degree of satisfaction of EU+ countries with the 
feedback system.

Budget line and allocated amount

3301 Operational support: EUR 60 000

Human resources and allocated staff

Centre for operational support
0.25 AD, 0.5 CA

20 — EASO work programme 2016

3.3. EASO list of available languages

EASO
objective(s)

EASO will support EU+ countries in having easy access to all available languages in the other EU+ 
countries through the list of available languages. Moreover, EASO will develop technical solu-
tions in EU+ countries to facilitate use of the list of available languages.

New in 2016

Monitor the use of the list of available languages by EU+ countries and develop a pilot techni-
cal solution to facilitate use of the list of available languages.

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Review, update and monitor the list of available 
languages for interpretation.

Q1-Q4

Number of contacts established between EU+ 
countries to use the list of available languages.
Data gathered on the languages more requested 
for interpretation.

Organise at least one EASO practical cooperation 
meeting with EU+ countries to discuss technical 
solutions for increased use of the list of available 
languages as well as subsequent provision of tech-
nical tools.

Q1-Q4

Number of meetings.
Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meetings.

Develop a pilot technical solution to facilitate use 
of the list of available languages.

Q1-Q4

Pilot technical solution developed.
Degree of satisfaction of EU+ countries with the 
pilot technical solution.

Budget line and allocated amount

3301 Operational support: EUR 30 000

Human resources and allocated staff

Centre for operational support
0.25 CA 

EASO work programme 2016 — 21

3.4. Joint processing activities

EASO
objective(s)

Following the experience of the joint processing activities carried out in 2014 and 2015, EASO 
will make use of the evaluation of the projects and provide support based on the handbook on 
joint processing.
Furthermore, EASO will coordinate additional joint processing activities in 2016 involving sev-
eral EU+ countries, in particular within the hotspots approach.

New in 2016

EASO will coordinate additional joint processing activities in various steps of the procedure for 
international protection and will make use of joint processing activities in tailor-made support 
packages.

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Make use of the handbook on joint processing in 
tailor-made operational support activities.

Q1-Q4

Use of the handbook.
Level of satisfaction of the users.
Number of support activities implemented.

Coordinate  additional  joint  processing  activi-
ties in various steps of the procedure for interna-
tional protection, involving experts from several 
EU+ countries, in particular within the hotspots 
approach.

Q1-Q4

Number of activites organised.
Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of these activities.

Organise at least two EASO practical cooperation 
meetings with the view to develop practical coop-
eration on joint processing.

Q1, Q3 Meetings organised.

Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meetings.

Budget line and allocated amount

3301 Operational support: EUR 80 000

Human resources and allocated staff

Centre for operational support
0.25 CA, 1 SNE 

22 — EASO work programme 2016

3.5. Technical solutions for asylum and reception systems

EASO
objective(s)

New in 2016

EASO will organise an EXPO event on ICT technologies and supportive tools used in the field of 
asylum. EASO will make use of this forum, which aims to provide material inspiration to explore 
further ways to tackle shortages in registration, identification, data sharing, communication, 
statistics and backlog management of asylum procedures within the framework of the CEAS.
As a way forward in the practical and technical implementation of the CEAS, EASO will explore 
the possibility of increasing efficiency in data-sharing among EU+ countries and compatibility of 
national asylum related databases. Given the framework of the European agenda on migration, 
efforts are made on the one hand for existing divergences in national asylum policy practices 
to disappear, and on the other hand to provide operational support on the ground, including 
within the hotspot system. EASO will explore how to best deliver and optimise operational 
support, including by facilitating systematic fingerprinting, in the full respect of fundamental 
human rights, and exploring how biometric identifiers can be used. EASO will furthermore sup-
port the EU+ countries to swiftly processing unfounded asylum applications, as a part of the 
fight against abuse of the CEAS.
EASO will support practical cooperation and exchange of best practices in respect of the above, 
including with respect to access to new business models and technical solutions which can con-
tribute to improve the flexibility of the national asylum systems in Europe.

EASO will organise a EXPO event on ICT technologies and supportive tools used in the field of 
asylum.
EASO will provide support to EU+ countries to develop concrete technical solutions for asylum 
and reception systems.
EASO will explore how to best deliver and optimise operational support, including by facilitating 
systematic fingerprinting, in the full respect of fundamental human rights, and exploring how 
biometric identifiers can be used.
EASO will support the EU+ countries to swiftly process unfounded asylum applications, as a part 
of the fight against abuse of the CEAS.

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Organise an EXPO event on ICT technologies and 
supportive tools used in the field of asylum.

Q1-Q2

Provide support to EU+ countries to develop con-
crete technical solutions for asylum and reception 
systems.

Q2-Q4

Organise at least one EASO practical cooperation 
meeting on the use of such technologies.

Q1, Q3

Event organised.
Number of EU MS particpating.
Number of technical solutions identified.
Use of the output of the EXPO Event.

Number of support activites organised.
Number of technical solutions identified.
Level of satisfaction of the users.
Use of the output of this exercise.

Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meetings.

Budget line and allocated amount

3301 Operational support: EUR 200 000

Human resources and allocated staff

Centre for operational support
1 AD, 1 CA 

EASO work programme 2016 — 23

3.6. Support on reception

EASO
objective(s)

EASO will further develop its internal capacity to support EU+ countries with activities aimed at 
promoting adequate reception conditions.
In close cooperation with relevant organisations and networks (e.g. the European platform of 
reception agencies, EPRA) already operating in the field, EASO will establish a dedicated net-
work of reception authorities in line with the European agenda on migration. Furthermore, EASO 
will work on the development of quality criteria for reception centres in cooperation with the 
European Commission.
Through this network, EASO will foster the exchange of information and best practices on recep-
tion systems within the framework of the CEAS. EU+ countries’ capacity on contingency plan-
ning on reception for possible influxes of asylum seekers will be strengthened and possibilities 
to develop a pilot project to share reception capacity in the EU will be explored.

New in 2016

Foster the exchange of information and best practices on reception systems within the frame-
work of the CEAS.
Finalise and make use of the EASO handbook on contingency planning in operational support 
activities to EU+ countries.
Develop a pilot project aimed at sharing reception capacity in the EU.
Support the establishment of an EU reception network.

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Organise at least two EASO practical cooperation 
meetings on reception systems and conditions.

Q1-Q4 Meetings organised.

Support the establishment of a new dedicated net-
work of reception authorities and work in cooper-
ation with the partners involved.

Q1-Q4

Develop a pilot project aimed at sharing reception 
capacity and pooling reception places in emer-
gency times in the EU. 

Q1-Q4

Make use of the EASO handbook on contingency 
planning in tailor-made operational support activ-
ities to EU+ countries.

Q1-Q4

Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meetings.

Network established.
Meetings organised;
Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meetings.

Pilot project developed.
Level of satisfaction/feedback provided by the par-
ticipating EU+ countries.
Use of the output generated by the project.

Use of the handbook.
Number of support measures implemented.
Level of satisfaction/feedback provided by the par-
ticipating EU+ countries.
Use of the output of the provided support.

24 — EASO work programme 2016

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Organise at least one EASO practical cooperation 
meeting in contingency planning and prepared-
ness for possible influxes of asylum seekers in the 
reception context.

Q1-Q4 Meeting organised.

Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meeting. 

Budget line and allocated amount

3301 Operational support: EUR 80 000

Human resources and allocated staff

Centre for operational support
0.5 AD, 0.5 SNE

3.7.  Relocation

EASO
objective(s)

EASO will further promote, facilitate and coordinate the exchange of information and best prac-
tices on intra-EU relocation.
EASO will support the implementation of the provisional relocation measures in the area of inter-
national protection for the benefit of Greece and Italy, which came into force on 16 September 
2015, and will accompany the implementation of these measures with operational support.
EASO will follow up on the European Commission’s annual forum on resettlement and relocation.
EASO will support the implementation of the Commission’s plan on relocation together with the 
Greek and Italian authorities, by putting in place the emergency relocation procedure. 

New in 2016

Support and coordinate the implementation of the provisional relocation measures in the area 
of international protection for the benefit of Greece and Italy, in line with the European agenda 
on migration and the hotspot approach.

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Support and coordinate the relocation of 40 000 
persons from Greece and Italy, through facilitat-
ing and coordinating the exchange of information 
amongst participating Member States; coordinat-
ing the nomination of national contact points by 
Member States; facilitating exchange of informa-
tion between the national contact points and the 
competent authorities in Greece and Italy; sup-
porting Greece and Italy with the identification of 
applicants that could be relocated to participating 
Member States, giving priority to vulnerable appli-
cants; supporting the Greek and Italian authori-
ties with the issuance of the necessary decisions 
to relocate identified applicants, including notifi-
cation to the applicants.

Support and coordinate the relocation of an addi-
tional 120 000 persons from Greece, Italy and 
Hungary, if agreement is reached on this measure.

Q1-Q4

Number of persons relocated.

Q1-Q4

Number of persons relocated.

EASO work programme 2016 — 25

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Organise at least one EASO practical cooperation 
meeting on relocation of beneficiaries of interna-
tional protection in synergy with the EC annual 
relocation forum in 2016.

Q2

Meeting organised.
Number or participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meetings.

Participate in the EC annual relocation forum and 
follow up on its conclusions. 

Q4

Type of participation.
Follow-up actions implemented.

Support  and  coordinate  relocation  measures 
agreed at EU level and make use of the synergies 
from the EC annual forum on resettlement and 
relocation for tailor-made operational support 
activities to Member States.

Q1-Q4

Number and sort of measures provided.
Level of satisfaction of the stakeholders involved.

Budget line and allocated amount

3301 Operational support: EUR 100 000

Human resources and allocated staff

Centre for operational support
0.75 AD, 0.5 CA

3.8. Return and integration

EASO
objective(s)

Return and integration form an integral part of well-functioning asylum and migration policies. 
Introducing such measures earlier on in the asylum process can enhance their effectiveness.
In 2016, EASO will foster practical cooperation in the areas of return and integration within the 
asylum and reception system. In cooperation with existing networks (such as the European 
migration network return expert group, the European reintegration instrument network and 
the national contact points of integration of the European Commission), EASO will facilitate 
exchange of information and best practices to mainstream elements of return and integration 
at various stages of the asylum process and reception systems.

New in 2016

Further cooperation with relevant networks in the areas of return and integration.

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Organise at least one EASO practical cooperation 
meeting in this field.

Q2, Q3 Meetings organised.

Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meetings.

Map practical cooperation tools in the field of 
return following the rejection of an application 
for international protection.

Q1-Q4

Map practical cooperation tools in the field of rein-
tegration of rejected applicants for international 
protection.

Q1-Q4

Number of tools identified.
Report drafted.
Use of the output of the report.

Number of tools identified.
Report drafted.
Use of the output of the report.

26 — EASO work programme 2016

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Cooperate with existing networks active in return 
and integration, including with the European rein-
tegration instrument network (ERIN).

Q1-Q4

Cooperation with relevant networks established.
Meetings organised.
Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meetings.

Budget line and allocated amount

3301 Operational support: EUR 30 000

Human resources and allocated staff

Centre for operational support
0.5 AD 

EASO work programme 2016 — 27

4.  Information and analysis support

4.1. Information and documentation system

EASO
objective(s)

EASO will further develop its information and documentation system (IDS) providing a single 
point of information on the organisation of EU+ countries’ asylum and reception systems, as 
well as an overview of the practical functioning of the CEAS.
Within this general information and documentation system, EASO will expand and update con-
tent across a range of topics, including case-law of European and national courts relevant to the 
provisions of the EU asylum acquis.
EASO will consider input from all significant sources of information including existing relevant 
databases during this process and liaise with relevant stakeholders such as the European and 
national courts, other EU agencies, such as Frontex and FRA, competent international organi-
sations, particularly the UNHCR, academia and civil society.
Information in the IDS will be validated and updated via an IDS network consisting of national 
experts. Meetings of the network will be organised as necessary in order to clarify the tasks of 
network members and to maximise the efficiency of their input.

New in 2016

Validation of the information inserted in IDS on the basis of already-available information. 
Development of a system for the gathering of regular data from EU+ countries on the function-
ing of their asylum systems and relevant changes in national policy, procedures and case-law in 
order to ensure that the IDS is continually updated, including, where necessary, focused stud-
ies on specific national practices.

Performance

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Complete the collection of initial information on 
key aspects of all national asylum systems in EU+.

Q1-Q4

Number of EU+ countries covered.
Scope of coverage of key topics.

Continue to develop IDS IT software tool.

Q1-Q4

Validate the initial information on key aspects of 
all national asylum systems.

Q1-Q4

Improvement in design and functionalities.
Level of satisfaction with tool.

Number of IDS network members.
Feedback  from  network  members  and  other 
stakeholders.

Establish a system for the updating of data from 
EU+ countries on the functioning of their asylum 
systems and relevant changes in national policy, 
procedures and case-law.

Q1-Q4

Level of satisfaction of IDS users.
Degree of regular update of the IDS information.

Organise at least one IDS network meeting on EU+ 
countries’ policies and procedures.

Q2-Q4

Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction.
Use of the output of the meeting.

Budget line and allocated amount

3103 Information and documentation system:
EUR 80 000

Human resources and allocated staff

Centre for information, documentation and analysis
0.5 AD, 0.5 AST, 1 CA 

28 — EASO work programme 2016

4.2. Annual report on the situation of asylum in the EU

EASO
objective(s)

EASO aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the asylum situation in the EU on an annual 
basis to national and EU policymakers and stakeholders. The report is drafted in coordination 
with the European Commission annual report on immigration and asylum and takes into account 
input from civil society and academia. New analyses based on data collected under Stage III of 
EPS will be featured in the report.

New in 2016

Further develop the scope and quality of the report including greater effective input from civil 
society; further improve dissemination of the report to a wider audience. 

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Draft and publish the annual report on the situa-
tion of asylum in the EU.

Q2

Annual report adopted and published.
Number of stakeholders providing input to the 
annual report.
Use of the annual report.

Organise a public event for the launching and dis-
semination of the published annual report.

Q3

Public event organised.
Public and media response generated.

Budget line and allocated amount

3101 Annual report on asylum: EUR 150 000

Human resources and allocated staff

Centre for information, documentation and analysis
0.5 AD

EASO work programme 2016 — 29

4.3. Early warning and preparedness system

EASO
objective(s)

EASO will develop further its Early warning and preparedness system (EPS) that aims to provide 
EU+ countries, the European Commission, the Council of the European Union and the European 
Parliament with accurate, timely information and analyses on flows of asylum seekers to and 
within the EU and the EU+ countries’ capacity to deal with them.
The EPS will feed into the early warning, preparedness and crisis management mechanism pro-
vided for in Article 33 of the Dublin III Regulation.
In 2016, EASO will collect and analyse data on a regular basis under indicators of Stage III of 
EPS and work on further development of the data collection system to reinforce the system-
atic monitoring of the CEAS implementation. EASO will continue to develop use of statistical 
and geographic information system (GIS) software tools to improve analysis and visualisation. 
EASO will form advisory groups from GPS members on key issues. EASO will further implement 
its research programme aimed at identifying and assessing the relevance of main push and pull 
factors for different types of asylum flows. EASO will seek better integration of analyses with 
COI and other migration-relevant information from key countries of origin and transit to improve 
the operational relevance of its work.

New in 2016

Integrate the data from Stage III indicators on access to procedure, reception, Dublin and return 
into regular analysis products, with a focus on improving the delivery and presentation of infor-
mation. EASO will closely coordinate with other JHA agencies, such as Frontex and eu-LISA, in the 
coherence and use of the indicators, in particular on Dublin and return. EASO will consider meth-
ods of improving collection and use of migration-related intelligence with the aim of improving 
the added value of its analytical products.

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Gather regular data from EU+ countries according 
to Stage II and III indicators.

Q1-Q4

Produce monthly and quarterly analytical reports 
on asylum trends in the EU.

Q1-Q4

Number of EU+ countries providing the requested 
data.
Time frame in which the data are provided.

Number of reports.
Time frame in which the reports are produced.
Use of the reports.

Produce ad hoc reports on specific topics.

Q1-Q4

Number of reports.
Use of the reports.

Organise at least two GPS meetings.

Q1-Q4

Number of meetings.
Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meeting.

Outsource research on push-pull factors for differ-
ent types of asylum flows and related qualitative 
information, and utilise the results in analytical 
products.

Q1-Q4

Number of lots tendered.
Number of deliverables produced.
Number and quality of analytical products using 
research results.

Budget line and allocated amount

3102 Early warning and data analysis:
EUR 650 000

Human resources and allocated staff

Centre for information, documentation and analysis
4 AD, 2 CA, 2 SNE

30 — EASO work programme 2016

5.  External dimension

5.1. Third country support

EASO
objective(s)

In line with the EASO external action strategy, EASO will endeavour to support the external 
dimension of the CEAS in agreement with the European Commission and within the framework 
of the EU external relations policy.
EASO will build on the outcome and experience gathered from the implementation of its 
European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument (ENPI) project with Jordan, Morocco 
and Tunisia, which ended in 2015. In line with the European agenda on migration, EASO will 
strengthen its cooperation with third countries (non-member states). As part of this, it is essen-
tial to address the root causes of migration, as well as mainstream migration into the design of 
development strategies. EASO will support capacity building in key EU neighbouring third coun-
tries’ asylum and reception systems, as well as in relation to the implementation of the regional 
development and protection programmes (RDPPs).
EASO will cooperate, where necessary, with relevant stakeholders, such as other EU agencies 
and competent international organisations, including the UNHCR in the implementation of these 
activities

New in 2016

Provide support, in cooperation with the European Commission, EU Member States, Frontex 
and other relevant actors, under the Instrument for pre-accession assistance (IPA) regional pro-
gramme for Western Balkans and Turkey signed in 2015.

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Organise at least two EASO practical cooperation 
workshops with the EU+ countries external dimen-
sion network to further develop EASO external 
dimension activities for third country support.

Q2, Q4 Number of workshops organised.
Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the workshops.

Finalise  the  implementation  of  the  European 
Neighbourood and Partnership Instrument pro-
ject with Jordan, Morocco and Tunisia and build 
on lessons learned from its implementation.

Q1-Q4

Deegre of implementation of the ENPI project’s 
activities and budget.
Level  of  satisfaction  of  the  third  countries 
concerned.
Level of satisfaction of the stakeholders involved.
Number of activities building on the experience 
of the ENPI project which can be identified and 
implemented.

EASO work programme 2016 — 31

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Q1-Q4

Develop at least two external dimension activities, 
including capacity building, with targeted neigh-
bouring third countries identified in line with the 
global approach to migration and mobility and 
in  agreement  with  the  European  Commission 
(for example regional and national training, tai-
lor-made practical cooperation workshops with 
targeted third countries and EU+ countries).

Support the implementation of regional develop-
ment and protection programmes (RDPPs) and 
other actions relevant to durable solutions in third 
countries (e.g. technical assistance; twinning; tai-
lor-made practical cooperation workshops with 
targeted third countries and EU+ countries).

Q1-Q4

Number of external dimension activities identified 
and implemented.
Number of training sessions and workshops.
Number of participants.
Level  of  satisfaction  of  the  participants/
stakeholders.
Use of the output of the meeting.
Level of satisfaction of the stakeholders involved.
Number of third countries involved.
Level of satisfaction of the third countries involved.

Number of RDPPs with EASO involvement.
Number  and  sor t  of  suppor t  measures 
implemented.
Number of meetings.
Number of participants.
Level  of  satisfaction  of  the  participants/
stakeholders.
Use of the output of the meeting.
Level of satisfaction of the stakeholders involved.

Provide support, in cooperation with the European 
Commission,  EU  Member  States,  Frontex  and 
other relevant actors, under the IPA regional pro-
gramme for Western Balkans and Turkey, signed 
in 2015.

Q1-Q4

Number of IPA-related activities with EASO involve-
ment identified and started and/or implemented.
Level  of  satisfaction  of  the  partner  countires 
involved.

Budget line and allocated amount

3204 Resettlement and external dimension: EUR 150 000

Human resources and allocated staff

Centre for operational support
0.5 AD, 1 CA

32 — EASO work programme 2016

5.2. Resettlement

EASO
objective(s)

EASO will exercise a coordinating role (clearing house) in exchanging information (e.g. on action 
on resettlement taken by EU+ countries in cooperation with the UNHCR and the International 
organisation for migration (IOM)).
The Commission recommended to the Member States on 8 June 2015 a European resettlement 
scheme to resettle 20 000 people in need of international protection over a 2-year period. The 
20 July JHA council adopted conclusions on the agreement on resettling through multilateral 
and national schemes 22 504 displaced persons in clear need of international protection. EASO 
will support these efforts.
EASO will, in cooperation with the UNHCR and the IOM, promote coordination between EU+ 
countries in achieving agreed targets of resettlement, not only in terms of submissions but also 
in terms of effective departures to the EU. EASO aims at strengthening the EU’s role in this area, 
in cooperation with the European Commission, with a view to meeting the international pro-
tection needs of refugees in third countries and showing solidarity with their host countries. 

New in 2016

Develop methodologies and tools for strengthening EU+ countries’ ability to resettle refugees 
and promote cooperation under the joint EU resettlement programme.

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Organise at least one EASO practical cooperation 
expert meeting on resettlement in synergy with 
the other various EU and international initiatives 
on resettlement.

Q1-Q3

Number of expert meetings organised.
Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meetings.

Develop methodologies and tools for strengthen-
ing EU+ countries’ ability to resettle refugees and 
promote cooperation under the joint EU resettle-
ment programme.

Q1-Q4

Number of methodologies and tools developed.
Use of the methodologies and tools.
Number of activites undertaken to support the 
EU-wide resettlement scheme.

Budget line and allocated amount

3204 Resettlement and external dimension: EUR 80 000 

Human resources and allocated staff

Centre for operational support
0.5 AD

EASO work programme 2016 — 33

6.  Horizontal programme

6.1. Dublin network 

EASO
objective(s)

EU MS are responsible for applying the Dublin system. In particular, the MS are responsible for 
allocating adequate resources to increase the number of Dublin transfers and reduce delays 
related to the transfers. MS also need to consistently apply the legal clauses related to family 
reunification and make broader and more regular use of the discretionary clauses which allow 
the MS to decide to examine an asylum application and consequently relieve the pressure on 
the MS with external borders.
In order to support the MS in the full application of the Dublin system, EASO shall establish 
a dedicated network of national Dublin units in line with the European agenda on migration.

New in 2016

EASO shall establish a dedicated network of national Dublin units to support EU MS in their 
application of the Dublin system.

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Organise at least one EASO practical cooperation 
meeting in this field.

Q2, Q3 Meetings organised.

Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meetings.

Establish a dedicated network of national Dublin 
units.

Q1-Q4

A network of national Dublin units established.
Meetings organised.
Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meetings.

Develop best practices on cooperation for the 
functioning of the Dublin system.

Q1-Q4

Number of best practices identified and developed.

Budget line and allocated amount

Human resources and allocated staff

3301 Operational support: 
EUR 25 000

Centre for operational support
0.25 AD, 0.5 CA

34 — EASO work programme 2016

7.  EASO’s cooperation network and internal 

organisation

Management
board
members

UNHCR

European
Commission

Observer
states/
associated
countries

Members of
courts and
tribunals

Academia

Council of
the EU

EASO

European
Parliament

European
External
Action
Service

Civil
society

EU
bodies

International
organisations

7.1. EASO’s cooperation network

7.1.1. Cooperation with the European Parliament, the Council of the European Union 

and the European Commission

As a decentralised EU regulatory agency having its own governance structure, EASO acts within the policies and 
institutional framework of the EU. In this context, the political responsibility for the area of asylum lies with the 
European Commissioner responsible for migration, home affairs and citizenship, and thus strong cooperation links 
exist with the European Commission on all EASO activities. In 2016 the European Commission will be invited to 
give its opinion on specific documents to be adopted by the EASO management board in line with the relevant 
provisions of the EASO regulation. Regular meetings at all levels and regular policy-related videoconferences with 
DG Migration and Home Affairs will take place throughout 2016. Furthermore, during 2016 EASO will continue 
organising joint contact committee meetings with the European Commission and practical workshops back to back 
to the meetings of the contact committees. Additionally, EASO will coordinate with the European Commission the 

EASO work programme 2016 — 35

drafting of reports. EASO and the European migation network (EMN) will draw on the same data from the EU+ 
countries for all information when drafting reports such as the EASO annual report. EASO will participate in EMN 
NCP meetings and its steering board and relevant thematic meetings.

In line with the EASO regulation, EASO will send its annual work programme and annual activity report to the 
European Parliament, the Council of the European Union and the European Commission. The executive director is 
regularly invited to report to the Justice and home affairs council with regard to the CEAS. Moreover, the executive 
director is invited to present the EASO work programme, as well as specific topics related to EASO’s work, to the 
European Parliament.

In 2016, EASO will continue playing a supporting role on the multiannual financial framework and the arrangements 
on EU funding in the field of asylum and migration. In this respect, EASO will provide information on EU operational 
priorities and on EU+ countries’ specific priorities which could be taken into consideration for targeted funding.

EASO will fulfil its institutional role within the context of the mechanism provided for in Article 33 of the Dublin III 
regulation by taking action and informing the relevant institutions involved in the different steps of the mechanism.

7.1.2. Cooperation with the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees 

and other international organisations

In fulfilling its tasks, EASO acts in close cooperation with the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for 
Refugees (UNHCR) and with other relevant international and intergovernmental organisations.

With regard to the UNHCR, EASO cooperates closely with and involves the UNHCR in all areas covered by the EASO 
regulation. In 2013, EASO and the UNCHR signed a working arrangement. On that basis, in 2016 EASO will build on 
the strenghtened cooperation, in particular in the areas of training, quality processes, unaccompanied children, 
resettlement, the external dimension of the CEAS and in the field of special and emergency support. Structured 
cooperation will continue in all fields. The UNHCR participates in the EASO management board as a non-voting 
member and will be invited, where relevant, to meetings of EASO’s working structures. Furthermore, it should be 
underlined that the UNHCR has a permanent liaison office to EASO based in Malta.

During 2016, EASO will also be in close contact with other relevant international and intergovernmental organisations 
working in areas of asylum, such as the Council of Europe, the General directors of immigration services conference 
(GDISC), the Intergovernmental consultations on migration, asylum and refugees (IGC) and the International 
organisation for migration (IOM). Concerning the Council of Europe and the IOM, EASO will regularly exchange 
views and contribute to their work in 2016. With regard to the GDISC, EASO will contribute actively to its work, 
participating in several GDISC conferences and workshops, whereas, on the basis of an exchange of letters with the 
IGC, EASO will be regularly invited to several of the IGC working groups and the executive director will be invited 
to the IGC full round.

7.1.3. Cooperation with EU agencies and justice and home affairs agencies

EU agencies’ network

EASO promotes strong cooperation with other EU agencies as member of the Inter-agency coordination network and 
will participate in relevant activities organised in 2016 in the context of its networks and other working structures.

Justice and home affairs agencies’ network

EASO is also member of the justice and home affairs (JHA) inter-agency cooperation, together with CEPOL, the 
European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE), the European Agency for the Οperational Management of Large-Scale 
IT Systems in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (eu-LISA), the European monitoring centre for drugs and 
drug addiction (EMCDDA), Eurojust, Europol, FRA and Frontex. In 2016, EASO will participate in the JHA agencies’ 
network and contribute to its activities.

EASO will continue having mutual contacts and relations on a bilateral level with the JHA agencies, in particular via 
the channels of the JHA inter-agency cooperation. Following specific working arrangements with Frontex, FRA and 
eu-LISA, bilateral activities will be implemented as detailed hereunder.

36 — EASO work programme 2016

Frontex

On the basis of the working arrangement signed by Frontex and EASO in September 2012, the existing cooperation will 
continue during 2016, also in the light of joint actions provided for in the European agenda on migration. Frontex and 
EASO will further implement sustainable cooperation on training programmes, quality initiatives, data and analysis 
sharing in the context of the Early warning and preparedness system and COI. Furthermore, EASO will foster the 
cooperation with Frontex in operational support by coordinating efforts when providing support to EU+ countries 
and by exploring further synergies in border management and identification of international protection needs. 
EASO will build on its cooperation with Frontex in the development of relevant activities in the field of the external 
dimension in 2016. Frontex and EASO will maintain their cooperation with regard to each other’s activities vis-à-vis 
civil society, including in the context of their respective consultative fora. In 2016, EASO will continue participating 
in the Frontex consultative forum.

FRA

FRA and EASO will build upon the existing cooperation in 2016 in line with the working arrangement signed by both 
agencies in June 2013. FRA and EASO will continue sharing information, providing input to research activities and 
sharing research and data collection methodologies. Both organisations will continue their cooperation in the field 
of training, furthering the exchange of best practices, information and expertise in regards to fundamental rights. 
In 2016, the cooperation with regard to each other’s consultative activities will continue.

eu-LISA

EASO and eu-LISA will continue implementing the activities detailed in the working arrangement signed by both 
agencies in November 2014, also in the light of joint actions laid out in the European agenda on migration.

7.1.4. Cooperation with academia and members of tribunals and courts

EASO devotes special attention to relations with the academic world and with the members of European and EU+ 
countries’ tribunals and courts.

In 2016, the academia will be involved in the work of EASO in different ways, including training development activities 
and will continue having a main role in the consultative forum and expert meetings.

During 2016, EASO and the members of tribunals and courts will cooperate closely, including through the International 
association of refugee law judges (IARLJ) and its European chapter, as well as with the Association of European 
administrative judges (AEAJ).

The concrete activities relating to the cooperation with academia and members of tribunals and courts which will 
be developed during 2016 have been already defined above in Section 2.4.

EASO work programme 2016 — 37

EASO’s cooperation network 

EASO
objective(s)

EASO will promote multidirectional synergies among all relevant stakeholders of its coopera-
tion network. EASO will strengthen a coordinated approach, the flow of information, the con-
vergence and coherence of policies and practices related to its mandate. 

New in 2016

Explore ways to trigger the participation of members of the EASO network on issues at strate-
gic and horizontal level.
Address timely queries related to policies and practices for the implementation of the CEAS.

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Consolidate and develop further the EASO query 
system in order to timely address queries related 
to policies and practices for the implementation 
of the CEAS.

Q1-Q4

Number of queries addressed.
Average time to address the query.
Use of the query reports.
Degree of satisfaction of Member States.

Organise four contact committee meetings jointly 
with the European Commission.

Q1-Q4

Number of joint contact committee meetings 
organised.

Develop  at  least  one  product  of  horizontal 
scope in collaboration with the EASO network of 
stakeholders.

Q3-Q4

Relevance of the horizontal theme addressed with 
the product.
Use of the product.
Number of copies distributed.

Budget line and allocated amount

3401 Cooperation with partners and stakeholders:
EUR 30 000

Human resources and allocated staff

Executive office
1 AD, 1 CA 

7.2. Consultative forum

The consultative forum constitutes a mechanism for the exchange of information and pooling of knowledge between 
EASO and relevant stakeholders. Over the past 5 years, EASO has deepened its relationship with civil society and has 
sought their input on various themes. During 2016, in line with the EASO consultation calendar, EASO will continue 
consulting relevant organisations on specific themes, using the selection criteria outlined in the consultative forum’s 
operational plan. EASO will also consult civil society throughout the drafting phase of the 2017 work programme, 
the annual report and other products using a range of tools that have been deemed suitable and efficient so far.

In the course of 2016, EASO will develop further its e-consultation platform. Specific consultative activities will be 
organised for targeted groups, such as the members of courts and tribunals. Based on the experience of the events 
in previous years, EASO will organise a conference open to civil society and a plenary meeting in the fourth quarter 
of 2016.

38 — EASO work programme 2016

Consultative forum

EASO
objective(s)

EASO will continue engaging in a two-way dialogue with relevant civil society organisations to 
share expertise and experiences and consult on relevant EASO documents and activities.

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Consult relevant civil society organisations regard-
ing key EASO documents, such as the work pro-
gramme, the annual report on the situation of 
asylum in the EU or the annual activity report. 

Q1-Q4

Number and sort of consultations conducted.
Number of organisations consulted.
Number of contributions received.
Use of the contributions received.

Organise the annual plenary meeting of the con-
sultative forum.

Q4

Organise the EASO annual conference with partic-
ipation of civil society organisations.

Q4

Development of an e-consultation platform.

Q1-Q4

Plenary meeting organised.
Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the plenary meeting.

Number  of  participants  from  civil  society 
organisations.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.

Number  of  consultation  launched  on  the 
e-consultation platform.
Number of contributions received.
Use of the contributions received.

Budget line and allocated amount

3401 Cooperation with partners and stakeholders: EUR 90 000

Human resources and allocated staff

Executive office
1 AD, 0.5 CA, 0.5 AST

EASO work programme 2016 — 39

7.3. EASO’s organisational structure in 2016

Executive

director

Executive
oﬃce

Accountancy

General aﬀairs and
administration unit

Centre for
information,
documentation 
and analysis

Centre for
operational 
support

Centre for training,
quality and
expertise

General aﬀairs
division

Information and
documentation
division

Special and
emergency support
division

Administration
division

Country of 
origin (COI) division

External dimension
and resettlement
division

Training
division

Quality
division

Asylum analysis
division

EASO’s internal governance and administrative structure comprises a management board and an executive director.

The management board is the governing and planning body of EASO. Its key functions in 2016 include the adoption of 
the work programmes and annual reports of EASO and the adoption of the budget. Furthermore, the management 
board will ensure that EASO performs effectively its duties.

 Management board

EASO
objective(s)

EASO aims to ensure that its management board continues to fulfil effectively and efficiently 
its tasks as EASO’s governing and planning body. 

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Organise at least three management board meet-
ings with the option to have additional meetings at 
the initiative of the chair or at the request of one 
third of its members.

Q1-Q4

Number of meetings.
Number of participants.
Number of decisions adopted.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.

Draft, adopt and publish the annual activity report, 
the annual report on the situation of asylum in the 
EU and the single programming document. 

Q2

Annual report adopted and published.
Number of stakeholders providing input to the 
annual report.
Use of the annual report.

40 — EASO work programme 2016

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Provide the secretariat for the management board.

Q1-Q4

Number of communications with management 
board members.
Level  of  satisfaction  of  management  board 
members.

Budget line and allocated amount

2306 Administrative internal and external meetings expend-
iture: EUR 200 000

Human resources and allocated staff

Executive office
0.5 AD, 0.5 CA

The executive director is independent in the performance of his tasks and is the legal representative of EASO. The 
executive director is responsible, inter alia, for the administrative management of EASO and for the implementation 
of the work programme and the decisions of the management board.

The executive director is supported by heads of unit/centre, the accounting officer and an executive office. In 2016 
no changes are expected in the internal structure of EASO, which will be composed by four units/centres, namely:
•  the General affairs and administration unit (GAAU);
•  the Centre for information, documentation and analysis (CIDA);
•  the Centre for operational support (COS);
•  the Centre for training, quality and expertise (CTQE).

7.4. EASO’s communication

In line with its revised communication strategy adopted in 2014, EASO will further enhance its internal and external 
communication efforts.

EASO’s principal communication channel, the EASO website (http://www.easo.europa.eu), will be complemented 
by a variety of other channels (written and audiovisual press; participation in events; presentations and exhibitions 
of EASO’s work and activities; publications and reports; EASO’s monthly newsletter; press releases; and daily press 
extracts for internal use). EASO will look into ways of further developing and modernising its website in line with user 
feedback and using the best practices of similar websites. EASO will continue strengthening the practical cooperation 
in the national communication multipliers network, hold a consultation meeting with journalists and further develop 
its internal communications network through sharepoint, instant messaging and voice over IP.

One of EASO’s main communication objectives is to reach out to all asylum and reception officials in the EU+ countries, 
as well as other relevant target groups, in order to ensure that they are aware of our main products and can access 
them, including publications and press releases.

Moreover, EASO shall endeavour to produce high-quality publications which are aimed at different target groups. 
Moreover, EASO aims to translate its publications and training material as much as possible in order to make them 
widely accessible.

EASO work programme 2016 — 41

EASO communication activities

EASO
objective(s)

Communicate and promote the agency’s role, values, activities and work in line with the EASO 
communication strategy.
EASO will focus on the agency’s task of facilitating, coordinating and strengthening practical 
cooperation among EU+ countries on the many aspects of asylum.

New in 2016

EASO will organise an information campaign to mark the 5 years of operations.

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Issue at least 10 editions of the EASO newsletter 
and increase the number of newletter subscribers.

Q1-Q4  Number of editions of the EASO newsletter.

Level of satisfaction of the subscribers.
Percentage of increase in the number of newslet-
ter subscribers.

Organise an information and networking meeting 
for the EASO communication multipiers.

Q3-Q4

Organise an information meeting for journalists 
working in the area of asylum.

Q3-Q4

Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meeting.

Number of participants.
Level of satisfaction of the participants.
Use of the output of the meeting.

Organise the EASO info day and commemorate the 
5 years of EASO’s operations.

Q2

Number of info desks.
Number of EASO officials providing presentations.
Number of participating EU+ countries.

Issue at least 12 press releases.

Q1-Q4  Number of press releases.
Use of the press releases.

Monitor EASO’s press coverage and publish the 
most important articles on the website.

Q1-Q4

Number of items included in the press archive.
Number of articles published on the website. 

Issue of internal daily press extracts.

Q1-Q4

Number of internal daily press extracts.
Level of satisfaction of the readers.

Hold at least six high-level interviews with the 
press. 

Q1-Q4

Number of high-level interviews with the press.

Coordinate and ensure the highest quality of EASO 
publications and translations.

Q1-Q4

Number of publications and translations.
Use of EASO’s publications.
Level of satisfaction of the users.

Ensure  full  implementation  of  EASO’s  visual 
identity. 

Q1-Q4

Use of the EASO visual identity. 

Increase  the  number  of  visitors  to  the  EASO 
website.

Q1-Q4

Percentage increase in the number of visitors to 
the EASO website. 

42 — EASO work programme 2016

EASO activities in 2016

When

Indicators

Performance

Ensure timely replies to enquiries received from 
the public and the press.

Q1-Q4

Time frame in which enquiries are replied.
Use of the replies.

Manage efficiently the EASO info mailbox.

Q1-Q4

Number of requests and replies.
Time frame in which requests are replied.
Use of the EASO info mailbox.

Budget line and allocated amount

2309 Administrative translations and interpretation costs: 
EUR 470 000.
2310 Administrative publications: EUR 40 000.
2311 Communications: EUR 100 000.

Human resources and allocated staff

Executive office
1 AD, 1 CA

7.5. EASO’s administration

With regard to the administrative structure of EASO, the agency will continue seeking its main goal to deliver a high-
quality service in order to fulfil effectively and efficiently its mission and objectives.

Further development of the EASO organisation may take place in line with the implementation of the common 
approach on EU decentralised agencies and its roadmap, the outcomes of the internal and external evaluations of 
EASO and the audits conducted by the Internal Audit Service and the European Court of Auditors.

EASO sets out for 2016 an investment in order to further develop efficient internal procedures, to increase the 
internal controls of the organisation, to provide advanced training to staff on all EASO-related subjects, hence 
reinforcing capacity building and career development, to continue the recruitment processes and to support the 
operational units/centres.

A particular focus will be put on EASO’s IT and knowledge management systems, in order to reinforce EASO’s 
support activities to Member States, including through the learning platform, the COI portal, the information and 
documentation system or the EASO website. Furthermore, advanced consultation tools will be developed. In addition, 
EASO will foster further consolidation and improvement of ICT business continuity framework, the information 
security procedures and practices, the resilience of client authentication and partner federation and lastly, of the 
infrastructure overall speed and efficiency.

7.5.1. EASO’s staff and budget overview for 2016 (9)

The fulfilment of EASO’s objectives is subject to the availability of the necessary human, financial and material 
resources. In this sense, the figures included in the staff and budget overview hereunder are outlined without 
prejudice to the decisions of the Budgetary Authority on the annual budget and establishment plan.

7.5.1.1. Staff overview for 2016

Given its mission and tasks EASO is a human-resource-intensive organisation, as it promotes practical cooperation 
and provides expertise to the EU and to Member States in order to implement the CEAS.

Therefore, the EASO human resources should increase in 2016 compared to 2015 in order to be in a position to 
effectively perform the tasks originally assigned, the new tasks attributed by the recast asylum acquis (e.g. the 

(9)  All the figures on staff and appropriations included in this section are subject to the adoption of the EU general budget 2016 by the budgetary authority.

EASO work programme 2016 — 43

tasks assigned to EASO by the European agenda on migration and other documents of the EU institutions), and the 
foreseeable future tasks to be determined by the EU institutions in 2015 and 2016, also in light of the EASO external 
evaluation.

According to the draft 2016 EU budget and the draft EASO multiannual staff policy plan (MSPP) 2016–2018, EASO 
will increase by two AD and 10 CA as compared to 2015, reaching a total of 106 staff members (61 temporary 
agents, 33 contract agents (CAs) and 12 seconded national experts (SNEs)). The allocation per units will follow the 
distribution below.

Unit

Executive director

Executive office

Accountancy

Centre for operational support

Centre for information, documentation and analysis

Centre for training, quality and expertise

Programme management pool 

General affairs and administration unit

Total staff members

Staff members

  1

  8

  2

 19

 20

 18

  5

 33

106

In line with the staff regulations and the implementing rules adopted by the agency in 2014 and 2015, staff 
development policies will be further implemented to ensure the adequate capacity building, career development 
and new opportunities to EASO staff members.

7.5.1.2. Budget overview for 2016

EASO´s revenue consists of a contribution from the EU entered in the general budget of the European Union; any 
voluntary contribution from the Member States; charges for publications and any service provided by EASO; and 
contributions from the associated countries.

Due to the relevance of the EU subsidy within the EASO budget, the allocation of necessary resources is crucial in order 
to achieve the goals set out in the outline of the EASO work programme 2016 and should increase compared to 2015.

EASO requested revenue in a sound and balanced manner and will ensure prudent control of expenditure, in 
order to perform current and eventual future tasks effectively and expediently. EASO will continue its bottom-up 
approach to budgeting, involving all units/centres in EASO’s budgetary cycle. As per the draft general budget of the 
EU for the financial year 2016 (10), the proposed the EU contribution to EASO for 2016 amounts to EUR 15.5 million. 
In  addition,  the  contribution  from  the  associated  countries  participating  in  EASO  will  be  approximately  
EUR 350 000 (11), reaching an expected total expenditure in 2016 of approximately EUR 15.89 million.

The provisional draft estimates and expenditure for 2016 contains the following distribution by titles.

(10)  COM(2015)300 — June 2015. 

(11)  In application of the arrangement for the participation of the Kingdom of Norway in the work of EASO, Norway will contribute an annual sum calculated 
in accordance with its gross domestic product (GDP) as a percentage of the GDP of all participating states. The final figures of the GDP of Norway will be 
available on 31 March 2016. EASO also expects the entry into force of arrangements with Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Iceland, which may also impact the 
revenues for EASO. 

44 — EASO work programme 2016

Figures in EUR

Title 1 — Staff expenditure

Expenditure 2016

Commitment 
appropriations

 6 519 600

Title 2 — Infrastructure and operating expenditure

 2 954 000

Title 3 — Operational expenditure

Total expenditure 

Title 1: Staff expenditure

 6 416 000

15 889 600

Payment appropriations

 6 519 600

 2 954 000

 6 416 000

15 889 600

Title 1 relates to expenditure on staff, staff costs (e.g. mission costs, training costs) and salaries. Given the nature of 
EASO’s activities, several costs related to operations are to be found under Title 1. Title 1 covers costs for operational 
staff and costs for administrative staff, who facilitate EASO’s operation, such as asylum support teams, expert 
meetings and training. Title 1 covers also the costs for administrative missions, whereas costs of EASO staff missions 
directly related to EASO’s operations are covered in Title 3.

Title 2: Infrastructure and operating expenditure

Title 2 relates to expenditure on administrative costs for the following.
•  Rental of buildings and associated costs: EUR 1 020 000.
•  ICT: EUR 550 000. It should be noted that Title 2 does not include IT operational expenditure such as web portal 

costs which constitute part of Title 3 expenditure.

•  EASO management board meetings and other meetings: EUR 200 000; it should be underlined that Title 2 
covers the costs for administrative publications and corporate communications, but does not include the costs 
of publishing reports under the different operational activities, e.g. the annual report on the situation of asylum 
in the EU and the COI reports which constitute Title 3 expenditure.

Title 3: Operational expenditure

The following table presents an overview of the budget assigned under Title 3 to the different tasks, the expenditure 
of which is explained in detail in the previous chapters. Title 3 also covers operational missions performed by EASO 
staff (i.e. missions undertaken in direct support of operational activities identified in this work programme in line with 
EASO’s mandate) as well as all costs directly related to the implementation of operational activities (e.g. distribution of 
materials, transportation, catering, rental of venues for activities outside the EASO premises or technical equipment).

Title 3 (12)

Operational expenditure

Chapter (ch.) 31

Support for the CEAS implementation

3101

3102

3103

Annual report on asylum

Early warning and data analysis

Information and documentation system

Ch. 32

Support for Member States’ practical cooperation

3201

3202

3203

3204

EASO training

Quality processes (13) 

Country of origin information

Resettlement and external dimension

Ch. 33

Operational support

3301

Operational support 

Ch. 34

Cooperation with partners and stakeholders

3401

Cooperation with partners and stakeholders

EASO work programme 2016 — 45

6 416 000

 880 000

 150 000

 650 000

  80 000

3 125 000 

1 500 000

 475 000

 920 000

 230 000

2 281 000

2 281 000

 130 000

 130 000

Any new tasks assigned to EASO as decided by the EU institutions would need to be appropriately funded and 
resourced for the agency to be able to perform them effectively.

(12)  Including operational missions performed by EASO staff.

(13)  Including unaccompanied minors and trafficking in human beings.

46 — EASO work programme 2016

List of acronyms

AEAJ 

AIP 

APD 

AST 

CEAS 

CEPOL 

COI 

EASO 

EC 

EIGE 

Association of European administrative judges

Asylum intervention pool

Asylum procedures directive

Asylum support team

Common European asylum system

European Police College

Country of origin information

European Asylum Support Office

European Commission

European Institute for Gender Equality

EMCDDA 

European monitoring centre for drugs and drug addiction

EMN 

ENPI 

EPRA 

EPS 

EU 

eu-LISA 

Eurojust 

Europol 

FRA 

Frontex 

GDISC 

GIS 

GPS 

IALN 

IARLJ 

IDS 

IGC 

IOM 

IT 

JHA 

MFF 

MSPP 

NCP 

OLAF 

RDPPs 

SMART 

SLA 

THB 

European migration network

European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument

European platform of reception agencies

Early warning and preparedness system

European Union

European Agency for the Operational Management of Large-Scale IT Systems in the Area of 
Freedom, Security and Justice

The European Union’s judicial cooperation unit

European Police Office

European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights

European Agency for the Management of Operational Cooperation at the External Borders 
of the Member States of the European Union

General directors of immigration service conference

Geographic information system

Group for the provision of statistics

Inter-agency legal network

International association of refugee law judges

Information documentation system

Intergovernmental consultations on migration, asylum and refugees

International organisation for migration

Information technology

Justice and home affairs

Multiannual financial framework

Multiannual staff policy plan

National contact point

European Anti-Fraud Office

Regional development and protection programmes

Specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, time-bound

Service level agreement

Trafficking of human beings

UNHCR 

Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

EASO work programme 2016 — 47

Annexes

EASO indicative list of public procurement procedures in 2016

Operational 
activity 

Action as 
defined in 
WP

Contract subject

Contract 
type

Contract 
value, 
EUR

Time frame for 
launching the 
procurement 
procedure

Procurement/
contracting 
procedure 

100 000

Q1-Q2

Open call

1

EASO training

Section 2.1 Impact assessment — 

research of EASO’s training 
curriculum 

2

EASO training

Section 2.1 Consultancy services 
for certification and 
accreditation 

3

EASO training

Section 2.1 Learning management 

system environment and 
delivery of related services 

4

EASO training 

Section 2.1 External experts for 

training activities 

5

EASO training 

Section 2.1 Bridge contract hosting 
current LMS 

6

EASO training 

Section 2.1 For training modules on 

e-learning platform 

Framework/ 
direct 
contract, 
service

Direct 
contract, 
service

Specific 
contracts, 
service

Direct 
contract, 
service

Direct 
contract, 
service

Specific 
contracts, 
service

60 000 

Q1-Q4

550 600

Q1-Q4

26 100

Q1-Q3

1 000 

Q1

150 000 

Q1-Q4

7 Quality support 

Section 2.2 Services for practical tools  Direct 

 15 000 

Q2

contract, 
service

8 Quality support 

Section 2.2 Event organisation (venue) Specific 

 20 000 

Q1-Q4

9

Country of origin 
information

Section 2.3 IT maintenance, hosting 

and development services 
for the COI portal

10 Country of origin 
information

Section 2.3 Translation and 

publications of COI reports

11 EASO training, 

Quality support, 
Specific programmes

12 EASO training, 

Quality support, 
Specific programmes

13 EASO training, 

Quality support, 
Specific programmes

Section 2.1, 
Section 2.2, 
Section 2.4

Section 2.1, 
Section 2.2, 
Section 2.4

Section 2.1, 
Section 2.2, 
Section 2.4

Translations /Editing

Publications 

Catering 

14 Operational support 

Section 3.1 Experts travel and car 

rentals costs 

15 Operational support 

Section 3.1 Transportation services

contracts, 
service

Specific 
contracts, 
service

Specific 
contracts, 
service

Direct 
contract, 
service

Direct 
contract, 
service

Specific 
contracts, 
service

Specific 
contracts, 
service

Specific 
contracts, 
service

 150 000 

Q1-Q4

200 000 

Q1-Q4

 317 000 

Q1-Q4

 110 000 

Q1-Q4

 35 000 

Q1-Q4

 150 000 

Q1-Q4

 30 000 

Q1-Q4

Negotiated 
procedure  
< EUR 60 000 

Framework 
contract (FWC) 
EASO/2015/322

Call for expression 
of interest (CEI) 
EASO/2015/280

Negotiated 
procedure 
< EUR 15 000

Existing framework 
contract 
EASO/2014/224

Negotiated 
Procedure 
< EUR 15 000

Future FWC 
EASO/2015/271 for 
Event organisation

FWC 
EASO/2013/101

Existing SLA with 
Publications Office/
Translation centre 
for the bodies of 
the European Union 
(CdT)

Existing SLA with 
Publications Office/
CdT

Existing SLA with 
Publications Office/
CdT

Existing FWC 
EASO/2013/113 for 
catering

Interinstitutional 
framework 
contract PMO2/
PR/2013/001 

Negotiated 
procedure 
< EUR 60 000

48 — EASO work programme 2016

Operational 
activity 

Action as 
defined in 
WP

Contract subject

Contract 
type

Contract 
value, 
EUR

Time frame for 
launching the 
procurement 
procedure

Procurement/
contracting 
procedure 

16 Operational support 

Section 3.1 Provision of equipment for 

operational support

17 Operational support 

Section 3.1 Provision of 

communication services 

18 Operational support 

Section 3.1 Interpretation services

19 Operational support 

Section 3.1 Rental of facilities for 

operations

20 Asylum intervention 

pool

Section 3.2 Provision of services to 
develop the AIP system 

21 List of available 
languages

Section 3.3 Provision of equipment 
and services for List of 
available languages (LAL) 
pilot technical solution

22 Technical solutions

Section 3.5 Event organiser/ 

facilitator services

23 Technical solutions

Section 3.5 Audio visual equipment

24 Technical solutions

Section 3.5 Provision of equipment — 

technical solutions 

25 Technical solutions

Section 3.45 Provision of consultancy 

services for technical 
solutions

26 Technical solutions

Section 3.5 Provide support to EU+ 

countries to develop 
concrete technical 
solutions for asylum and 
reception systems.

27  Reception

Section 3.6 Rental of facilities

28 Information and 
documentation 
system

Section 4.1 Software licences and 
training/ 
maintenance

29 Annual report on the 
situation of asylum 
in the EU

30 Annual report on the 
situation of asylum 
in the EU

Section 4.2 Translation and 

publications of the annual 
report

Section 4.2 Event for the launch of the 

EASO annual report

31 Early warning and 
preparedness

Section 4.3 Lot 3 of research 

Programme

Framework 
contract, 
service

Direct 
contract, 
service

Specific 
contracts, 
service

Direct 
contract, 
service

Specific 
contracts, 
service

Direct 
contract, 
service/ 
supplies

Direct 
contract, 
service

Direct 
contract, 
service

Framework 
contract, 
service

Direct 
contract, 
service

Framework 
contract, 
service

Direct 
contract, 
service

Specific 
contracts, 
service

Specific 
contracts, 
service

Specific 
contracts, 
service

Direct 
contract, 
service

 200 000 

Q1-Q4

Open procedure

 15 000 

Q1-Q2

 100 000 

Q1-Q4

 50 000 

Q1-Q4

 75 000 

Q1-Q2

 15 000 

Q2-Q4

 15 000 

Q1-Q2

 30 000 

Q1-Q2

 15 000 

Q1-Q4

 15 000 

Q1-Q4

Negotiated 
procedure 
< EUR 15 000

Future Framework 
contract 
EASO/2015/257 for 
Interpretation

Negotiated 
procedure 
< EUR 60 000

Interinstitutional 
framework contract 
DG Informatics

Negotiated 
procedure 
< EUR 15 000

Negotiated 
procedure 
< EUR 15 000

Negotiated 
procedure 
< EUR 60 000

Negotiated 
procedure 
< EUR 15 000

Negotiated 
procedure 
< EUR 15 000

 100 000 

Q1-Q4

Open procedure

 20 000 

Q1-Q4

 10 000 

Q2

 130 000 

Q3

 30 000 

Q3

Negotiated 
Procedure 
< EUR 60 000 

Interinstitutional 
framework contract

Existing SLA with 
Publications Office/
CdT

Future FWC 
EASO/2015/271 for 
event organisation

 100 000 

Q2

Open procedure 

EASO work programme 2016 — 49

Operational 
activity 

Action as 
defined in 
WP

Contract subject

Contract 
type

Contract 
value, 
EUR

Time frame for 
launching the 
procurement 
procedure

Procurement/
contracting 
procedure 

32 Early warning and 
preparedness

Section 4.3 Lot 4 of Research 

Programme

33 Early warning and 
preparedness

Section 4.3 Country intelligence 
reports

34 Early warning and 
preparedness

Section 4.3 Software licences and 
training/ 
maintenance

35 Third country 
support

36 Third country 
support

Section 5.1  Transportation services

Section 5.1  Provision of consultancy 

services (needs 
assessment and tools)

37 ENPI project

Section 5.1  Video visibility ENPI

38 ENPI project

Section 5.1  Merchandising ENPI

Catering services

Sections 3.1, 
3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 
3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 
3.8, 5.1, 5.2

Direct 
contract, 
service

Direct 
contract, 
service

Specific 
contracts, 
service

Direct 
contract, 
service

Specific 
contracts, 
service

Direct 
contract, 
service

Direct 
contract, 
service

Specific 
contracts, 
service

 300 000 

Q4

Open procedure

 100 000 

Q2

Open procedure

 100 000 

Q3

Interinstitutional 
framework contract

 10 000 

Q1-Q4

 30 000 

Q1-Q4

 5 000 

Q1

 3 000 

Q1

Negotiated 
procedure 
< EUR 15 000 

Negotiated 
procedure 
< EUR 60 000 

Negotiated 
procedure 
< EUR 15 000 

Negotiated 
procedure 
< EUR 15 000 

 60 000 

Q1-Q4

Existing FWC 
EASO/2013/113 for 
catering

Sections 3.1, 
3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 
3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 
3.8, 5.1, 5.2

Events organisation 

Specific 
contracts, 
service

 458 000 

Q1-Q4

Future FWC 
EASO/2015/271 for 
Event organisation

Sections 3.1, 
3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 
3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 
3.8, 5.1, 5.2

Accommodation in Malta

Specific 
contracts, 
service

 10 000 

Q1-Q4

Existing FWC 
EASO/2013/116 for 
accommodation

39 EASO operational 
support, Asylum 
intervention pool, 
List of available 
languages, Technical 
solutions, Reception, 
Relocation, 
Return and 
integration, Dublin 
network, Third 
country support, 
Resettlement

40 EASO operational 
support, Asylum 
intervention pool, 
List of available 
languages, Technical 
solutions, Reception, 
Relocation, 
Return and 
integration, Dublin 
network, Third 
country support, 
Resettlement)

41 EASO operational 
support, Asylum 
intervention pool, 
List of available 
languages, Technical 
solutions, Reception, 
Relocation, 
Return and 
integration, Dublin 
network, Third 
country support, 
Resettlement

50 — EASO work programme 2016

Operational 
activity 

Action as 
defined in 
WP

Contract subject

Contract 
type

Contract 
value, 
EUR

Time frame for 
launching the 
procurement 
procedure

Procurement/
contracting 
procedure 

Sections 3.1, 
3.2, 3.7, 5.1, 
5.2

Translation and 
publications 

Existing 
SLA with 
Publications 
Office/CdT

 260 000 

Q1-Q4

Existing SLA with 
Publications Office/
CdT

Sections 3.1, 
3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 
5.1, 5.2

Provision of private 
remunerated experts

Direct 
contract, 
service

 107 000 

Q1-Q4

CEI EASO/2015/280

42 EASO operational 
support, Asylum 
intervention 
pool, Return and 
integration, Third 
country support, 
Resettlement

43 EASO operational 
support, Asylum 
intervention pool, 
List of available 
languages, Technical 
solutions, Third 
country support, 
Resettlement

EASO list of publications and translations in 2016

Publication

Number 
of languages

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

EASO work programme 2017

EASO annual activity report

EASO budget

Annual report on the situation of asylum in the EU

Annual training report

At least two EASO training handbooks

At least two EASO practical tools

EASO quality matrix thematic reports

Chapters of the curriculum for members of courts and tribunals

10

At least three COI reports or products

24

24

24

 5

 1

 1

18

 1

 5

 5

HOW TO OBTAIN EU PUBLICATIONS

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via EU Bookshop (http://bookshop.europa.eu);

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ISBN 978-92-9243-553-0
doi:10.2847/568193