Assessing the spatial dimensions of economic, social and territorial development investments.
Date: 2016-06-24
Institutions: Directorate-General for Regional and Urban Policy
Subjects: EU Member State, United States, common fund, comparative study, economic and social cohesion, federal State, financing policy, investment policy, public financing, report, territorial jurisdiction

Assessing the Spatial 
Dimensions of Economic, 
Social and Territorial 
Development Investments 

A EU/US Comparison during the 2007-2013 Period 

Iman Ahmed, Louis Colnot, Sara Ibos, Caterina Orlandi 
June 2016 

EUROPEAN COMMISSION 

Directorate-General Regional and Urban Policy 
DGA1 Policy Performance and Compliance 
Unit DGA1.01 Policy Development, Strategic Management and Relations with the Council 

Contact: Peter Berkowitz

E-mail:  REGIO-DGA1.01-HEAD-OF-UNIT@ec.europa.eu 

European Commission 
B-1049 Brussels 

EUROPEAN COMMISSION 

Assessing the Spatial 
Dimensions of Economic, 
Social and Territorial 
Development Investments 
A EU/US Comparison during the 2007-2013 Period 

Directorate-General for Regional and Urban Policy 

2016 

EN 

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Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2016 

ISBN 978-92-79-59226-3
doi: 10.2776/944989 

© European Union, 2016 
Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. 

About this document 

This  document  is  the  final  report  of  the  study  Assessing  the  Spatial  Dimensions  of 
Economic, Social and Territorial Development Investments - A EU/US Comparison during 
the 2007-2013 Period, carried out in the framework of a collective project by a group of 
masters  students  from  the  "Institut  d'Etudes  Politiques  de  Paris",  under  the  contract 
n° 2015CE16BAT072. 

The authors are Iman Ahmed, Louis Colnot, Sara Ibos, Caterina Orlandi, Master of Urban 
and Regional Policies and Strategies (Urban School, Sciences Po). 

Acknowledgement 

We would like to thank all the people who guided and supported us,  with their precious 
help  and  remarks,  during  the  development  of  our  study  and  the  elaboration  of  this 
report.  

We  would  like  to  thank  the  Directorate  General  for  Regional  and  Urban  Policy  of  the 
European  Commission,  and  in  particular  Peter  Berkowitz,  Head  of  the  Unit  DGA1.01  – 
Policy  Development,  Strategic  Management,  Relations  with  the  Council,  Mélanie  Villiers, 
former  National  Expert  at  the  DG  Regio,  in  the  Unit  Policy  and  Conception  and  current 
Director  of  the  Cabinet  of  the  Prefect  of  the  Hauts-de-Seine  Département,  and  Angel 
Catalina Rubianes, Policy Analyst in the Unit for Economic and Quantitative Analysis. 

We would like to thank the Urban School of Sciences Po Paris and, in particular, the team 
who followed us more closely: Brigitte Fouilland, Executive Director of the Urban School 
of Sciences Po, Irène Mboumoua, Policy advisor for the Master STU team projects, Basma 
Daouadi  Guinnefollau,  Administrative  and  Account  Manager  of  the  Urban  School  and 
Béatrice Susana-Delpech, Pedagogical Assistant.  

Moreover, we would like to address special thanks to two people, whom we are grateful 
to and who guided us since the beginning of our study: our tutor, François Duluc, Head of 
Department  at  the  French  National  Assembly  and  Professor  at  Sciences  Po  Paris,  and 
Amélie  Barbier-Gauchard,  Lecturer  with  Authority  to  Conduct  Research  (HDR)  in 
Economic Sciences at Strasburg University.  

Iman Ahmed, Louis Colnot, Sara Ibos, Caterina Orlandi 

Members of the team Project between the DG Regio and the Sciences Po Urban School (Master of 
Urban and Regional Policies and Strategies) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 

TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................ I 

GLOSSARY ..................................................................................................... IV 

LIST OF ATTACHED FILES ................................................................................ VI 

LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................ VII 

LIST OF GRAPHS ........................................................................................... VII 

LIST OF MAPS ................................................................................................. X 

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................... XII 

I. STUDY BACKGROUND OF THE EU/US COMPARISON.......................................... 1 

1. Intellectual Framework .......................................................................... 1

1.1 Subject of the study .................................................................... 1 

1.2 Context of the study .................................................................... 2 

1.3 Previous EU/US comparisons ........................................................ 2 

2. Characteristics of the two entities............................................................ 3

2.1 Structural differences .................................................................. 3 

2.2 Approaches of ESTI allocations ..................................................... 5 

2.2.1 ESTI legal frameworks .................................................. 5 

2.2.2 Territorialisation of investments...................................... 6 

2.3 Mechanisms of ESTI allocations..................................................... 7 

2.4 Similarities and common issues .................................................... 8 

3. Objective of the study ............................................................................ 9

3.1 Study goal ................................................................................. 9 

3.2 Means........................................................................................ 9 

4. Research questions ............................................................................... 9

II. METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH .................................................................... 11

1. Typology elaboration ............................................................................ 11

1.1 Typology design ......................................................................... 11 

1.2 Excluded fields ........................................................................... 14 

1.3 Ambiguous fields ........................................................................ 14 

2. Details for typology categories ............................................................... 14

2.1 Applied R&D and Innovation ........................................................ 14 

2.2 Transport .................................................................................. 15 

2.3 Information and Communication Technologies ............................... 15 

2.4 Social infrastructures .................................................................. 16 

2.5 Human capital ........................................................................... 16 

2.6 Enterprises support .................................................................... 17 

2.7 Natural Resources and Energy ..................................................... 17 

2.8 Environment .............................................................................. 17 

2.9 Touristic and Cultural Development .............................................. 18 

2.10 Territorial Development............................................................. 18 

3. Typology application ............................................................................. 19

3.1 Classification of EU priorities and US programmes .......................... 19 

3.2 Explicitly targeted territories ........................................................ 20 

I 

4. ESTI database development .................................................................. 20 

4.1 Data sources ............................................................................. 21 

4.2 Design and assumptions ............................................................. 22 

4.3 Procedure ................................................................................. 25 

4.3.1 EU data ...................................................................... 25 

4.3.1.1 EU NUTS 2 ............................................................... 25 

4.3.1.2 EU Member States .................................................... 26 

4.3.2 US data ...................................................................... 27 

4.3.2.1 Yearly US database ................................................... 31 

4.3.2.2 Unified 2007-2013 US database .................................. 32 

4.3.3 Finalised ESTI database ................................................ 32 

5. Limits of the study ............................................................................... 35 

5.1 Limits of the comparability .......................................................... 35 

5.1.1 ESTI definition............................................................. 35 

5.1.2 Level of development threshold ..................................... 36 

5.2 Limits related to technical choices ................................................ 36 

5.2.1 Specificity of the temporal framework ............................ 36 

5.2.2 Allocated expenditures ................................................. 37 

5.2.3 Comparison scale ........................................................ 37 

III. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EU/US ESTI .............................................. 38 

1. Presentation of the ESTI database .......................................................... 38 

1.1 EU database (NUTS 2 regions and Member States) ......................... 39 

1.2 US database (US States) ............................................................. 40 

2. Scope of the budget ............................................................................. 41 

2.1   Share of ESTI in the Community/Federal budget .......................... 42 

2.2   Share of ESTI in the EU/US total public expenditures .................... 43 

2.3   Share of ESTI in the EU/US GDP ................................................ 44 

3. Analysis of ESTI sectoral distribution ...................................................... 45 

3.1 General description .................................................................... 45 

3.2 Major sectoral findings ................................................................ 48 

3.2.1 Transport.................................................................... 48 

3.2.2 Territorial development ................................................ 51 

3.2.3 Human Capital ............................................................ 53 

3.2.4 R&D and Innovation ..................................................... 54 

3.2.5 Environment ............................................................... 56 

3.2.6 Social infrastructures ................................................... 58 

3.2.7 ICT Infrastructures and Enterprises support .................... 59 

4. Analysis of ESTI geographical distribution ............................................... 60 

4.1 Geographical background ............................................................ 60 

4.1.1 Population .................................................................. 60 

4.1.2 Density ...................................................................... 64 

4.1.3 Production and level of development .............................. 68 

4.2 Distribution of ESTI as allocated amounts ..................................... 74 

4.3 Distribution of ESTI as share of local GDP ..................................... 78 

4.4 Distribution of ESTI per capita ..................................................... 83 

5. Research questions findings .................................................................. 88 

5.1 Population ................................................................................. 89 

II 

 
 
5.2 Production and Level of development ............................................ 91 

5.3 Rural/urban divide ................................................................... 100 

5.4 US specificities ......................................................................... 103 

CONCLUSION ............................................................................................... 107 

REFERENCES ............................................................................................... 109 

APPENDIX .................................................................................................... 114 

1. Typology application ........................................................................... 114 

Appendix – Table 1. Typology applied to EU Priorities. ........................ 114 

Appendix – Table 2. Typology applied to US Programmes. .................. 115 

2. Robustness check ............................................................................... 195 

2.1. Internal consistency ................................................................ 195 

2.2 Spatial consistency ................................................................... 195 

Appendix  –  Table  3.  Spatial  consistency  at  the  EU  NUTS  2  regions 

level. ................................................................................ 196 

Appendix  –  Table  4.  Spatial  consistency  at  the  EU  Member  States 

level. ................................................................................ 197 

Appendix – Table 5. Spatial consistency at the US States level. ........... 198 

2.3 Sectoral consistency ................................................................. 198 

Appendix  –  Table  6.  ESTI  allocations  by  category  as  shares  of 
comparable  COFOG  budgets  (all  government  levels)  during 
the 2007-2013 period. ........................................................ 199 

3. Database presentation ........................................................................ 200 

Appendix  –  Table  7.  Average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social 
and Territorial Investments in EU NUTS 2 regions by level-1 
category in EUR million during the 2007-2013 period. ............ 200 

Appendix  –  Table  8.  Average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social 
and Territorial Investments in EU Member States by level-1 
category in EUR million during the 2007-2013 period. ............ 219 

Appendix  –  Table  9.  Average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social 
and Territorial Investments in US States by level-1 category 
in USD million during the 2007-2013 period. ......................... 222 

Appendix  –  Table  10.  Yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and 
Territorial  Investments  in  US  States  by  level-1  category  in 
USD million during the 2007-2013 period. ............................. 225 

III 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GLOSSARY 

Acronyms 

ARC 

BEA 

CBO 

CF 

Appalachian Regional Commission  

U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis 

Congressional Budget Office  

Cohesion Fund 

CFDA 

Catalogue of Federal Domestic Assistance 

COFOG 

Classification of the Functions of Government  

DG 

Directorate-General 

DG Empl 

Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion 

DG Regio 

Directorate-General for Regional and Urban Policy 

EAFRD 

European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development 

EMFF 

ERDF 

ESF 

ESTI 

EU 

EU27 

EUR 

GDP 

MS 

NGO 

NSRF 

European Maritime and Fisheries Fund 

European Regional Development Fund 

European Social Fund 

Economic, Social and Territorial Investments 

European Union 

European Union (27 Member States) 

Euro 

Gross Domestic Product 

Member State 

Non-governmental organisation 

National Strategic Reference Framework 

NUTS 2 

Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics 2: regions  

OECD 

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 

OP 

PPP 

SME 

Operational Programme 

Purchasing Power Parity 

Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise 

U.S. GAO 

U.S. Government Accountability Office 

US 

USD 

United States  

United States Dollar 

EU Member States 
AT  

Austria 

BE 

CY 

CZ  

DE  

DK 

EE 

GR 

ES  

FI  

FR  

Belgium 

Cyprus 

Czech Republic 

Germany 

Denmark 

Estonia 

Greece 

Spain 

Finland 

France 

IV 

 
 
 
 
 
 
HU  

IE  

IT  

LT  

LU  

LV  

MT  

NL  

PL  

PT  

RO  

SE  

SI  

SK 

UK  

US States 
AK 

AL 

AR 

AS  

AZ  

CA 

CO 

CT  

DC 

DE 

FL 

GA 

GU 

HI 

IA 

ID 

IL 

IN 

KS 

KY  

LA 

MA 

MD  

ME 

MI 

MN 

MO 

MP  

Hungary 

Ireland 

Italy 

Lithuania 

Luxembourg 

Latvia 

Malta 

Netherlands 

Poland 

Portugal 

Romania 

Sweden 

Slovenia 

Slovakia 

United Kingdom  

Alaska 

Alabama 

Arkansas 

American Samoa 

Arizona 

California 

Colorado 

Connecticut 

District of Columbia 

Delaware 

Florida 

Georgia 

Guam 

Hawaii 

Iowa 

Idaho 

Illinois 

Indiana 

Kansas 

Kentucky 

Louisiana 

Massachusetts 

Maryland 

Maine 

Michigan 

Minnesota 

Missouri 

Northern Mariana Islands 

V 

 
 
 
 
 
MS  

MT  

NC  

ND  

NE  

NH  

NJ  

NM  

NV 

NY  

OH  

OK  

OR  

PA  

PR  

RI  

SC 

SD  

TN 

TX  

UM 

UT 

VA  

VI  

VT 

WA  

WB 
WI  

WV  

WY 

Mississippi 

Montana 

North Carolina 

North Dakota 

Nebraska 

New Hampshire 

New Jersey 

New Mexico 

Nevada 

New York 

Ohio 

Oklahoma 

Oregon 

Pennsylvania 

Puerto Rico 

Rhode Island 

South Carolina 

South Dakota 

Tennessee 

Texas 

U.S. Minor Outlying Islands 

Utah 

Virginia 

U.S. Virgin Islands 

Vermont 

Washington 

World Bank 

Wisconsin 

West Virginia 

Wyoming 

LIST OF ATTACHED FILES 

  EU US Database.xlsx: the ESTI database 
  Excluded expenditures.xlsx: expenditures matching formal criteria but outside 
of the field of this study because of their content (not considered as ESTI) 

VI 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LIST OF TABLES 

TABLE 1. ESTI TYPOLOGY. ............................................................................... 12 

TABLE 2. PRESENTATION OF DATA SOURCES. ................................................... 21 

TABLE 3. LIST OF VARIABLES IN THE ESTI DATABASE. ....................................... 23 

TABLE 4. DATA ERRORS (EXPENDITURES MISSING PLACE AND/OR RECIPIENT) 

IN THE US FEDERAL GRANTS DATABASE. ................................................... 27 

TABLE 5. DATA ERRORS (EXPENDITURES NOT CLASSIFIED IN THE TYPOLOGY) 

IN THE US FEDERAL GRANTS DATABASE. ................................................... 29 

TABLE 6. DECOMMISSIONS OF FUNDS AS SHARE OF ALLOCATIONS OF FUNDS 

IN THE US DATABASE. ............................................................................. 30 

TABLE  7.  SHARE  OF  EXCLUDED  EXPENDITURES  IN  ALL  FEDERAL  GRANTS 

MATCHING FORMAL CRITERIA. .................................................................. 31 

TABLE  8.  AVERAGE  EUR/USD  EXCHANGE  RATES  DURING  THE  2007-2013 

PERIOD. ................................................................................................. 32 

TABLE 9. AVERAGE EU27 GDP DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. .......................... 33 

TABLE 10. AVERAGE US GDP DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. ........................... 33 

TABLE 11. ESTI BUDGET IN THE EU DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. .................. 34 

TABLE 12. ESTI BUDGET IN THE US DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. ................. 34 

LIST OF GRAPHS 

GRAPH 1. SHARE  OF AVERAGE  YEARLY ALLOCATIONS OF ECONOMIC, SOCIAL 
AND  TERRITORIAL 
IN  THE  COMMUNITY/FEDERAL 
EXPENDITURES  (HIGHEST  LEVEL  OF  GOVERNMENT)  DURING  THE  2007-
2013 PERIOD. ......................................................................................... 42 

INVESTMENTS 

GRAPH 2. SHARE  OF AVERAGE  YEARLY ALLOCATIONS OF ECONOMIC, SOCIAL 
AND  TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS  IN  THE  EU/US  TOTAL  PUBLIC 
EXPENDITURES (CENTRAL + NATIONAL + LOCAL) DURING THE 2007-2013 
PERIOD. ................................................................................................. 43 

GRAPH 3. SHARE  OF AVERAGE  YEARLY ALLOCATIONS OF ECONOMIC, SOCIAL 
AND TERRITORIAL INVESTMENTS IN THE EU/US GDP DURING THE 2007-
2013 PERIOD. ......................................................................................... 44 

GRAPH  4.  DISTRIBUTION  OF  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF  ECONOMIC, 
SOCIAL AND TERRITORIAL INVESTMENTS BY LEVEL-1 CATEGORIES IN EU 
MEMBER STATES DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. ..................................... 45 

GRAPH  5.  DISTRIBUTION  OF  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF  ECONOMIC, 
SOCIAL AND TERRITORIAL INVESTMENTS BY LEVEL-1 CATEGORIES IN EU 
NUTS 2 REGIONS DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. .................................... 46 

GRAPH  6.  DISTRIBUTION  OF  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF  ECONOMIC, 
SOCIAL AND TERRITORIAL INVESTMENTS BY LEVEL-1 CATEGORIES IN US 
STATES DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. .................................................. 47 

GRAPH  7.  DISTRIBUTION  OF  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF  ECONOMIC, 
SOCIAL AND TERRITORIAL INVESTMENTS DEDICATED TO “TRANSPORT” BY 
LEVEL-2  CATEGORIES  IN  EU  MEMBER  STATES  DURING  THE  2007-2013 
PERIOD. ................................................................................................. 49 

VII 

 
 
 
 
 
GRAPH  8.  DISTRIBUTION  OF  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF  ECONOMIC, 
SOCIAL AND TERRITORIAL INVESTMENTS DEDICATED TO “TRANSPORT” BY 
LEVEL-2 CATEGORIES IN US STATES DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. ......... 50 

GRAPH  9.  DISTRIBUTION  OF  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF  ECONOMIC, 
SOCIAL  AND  TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS  DEDICATED  TO  “TERRITORIAL 
DEVELOPMENT” BY LEVEL-2 CATEGORIES IN EU MEMBER STATES DURING 
THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. .......................................................................... 51 

GRAPH 10. DISTRIBUTION OF AVERAGE YEARLY ALLOCATIONS OF ECONOMIC, 
SOCIAL  AND  TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS  DEDICATED  TO  “TERRITORIAL 
DEVELOPMENT”  BY  LEVEL-2  CATEGORIES  IN  US  STATES  DURING  THE 
2007-2013 PERIOD. ................................................................................. 52 

GRAPH 11. SHARE OF AVERAGE YEARLY ALLOCATIONS OF ECONOMIC, SOCIAL 
AND  TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS  DEDICATED  TO  “HUMAN  CAPITAL”  BY 
LEVEL-2 CATEGORIES IN THE EU/US GDP DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD.
 ............................................................................................................. 53 

GRAPH 12. DISTRIBUTION OF AVERAGE YEARLY ALLOCATIONS OF ECONOMIC, 
SOCIAL  AND  TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS  DEDICATED  TO  “R&D  AND 
INNOVATION”  BY  LEVEL-2  CATEGORIES  IN  EU  MEMBER  STATES  DURING 
THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. .......................................................................... 54 

GRAPH 13. DISTRIBUTION OF AVERAGE YEARLY ALLOCATIONS OF ECONOMIC, 
SOCIAL  AND  TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS  DEDICATED  TO  “R&D  AND 
INNOVATION” BY LEVEL-2 CATEGORIES IN US STATES DURING THE 2007-
2013 PERIOD. ......................................................................................... 55 

GRAPH 14. SHARE OF AVERAGE YEARLY ALLOCATIONS OF ECONOMIC, SOCIAL 
AND  TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS  DEDICATED  TO  “ENVIRONMENTAL 
QUALITY AND POLLUTION CONTROL” BY LEVEL-3 SUB-CATEGORIES IN THE 
EU/US GDP DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. ............................................. 56 

GRAPH 15. DISTRIBUTION OF AVERAGE YEARLY ALLOCATIONS OF ECONOMIC, 
SOCIAL 
TO 
“ENVIRONMENTAL  QUALITY  AND  POLLUTION  CONTROL”  BY  LEVEL-3 
CATEGORIES IN EU MEMBER STATES DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. ......... 57 

INVESTMENTS 

TERRITORIAL 

DEDICATED 

AND 

GRAPH 16. DISTRIBUTION OF AVERAGE YEARLY ALLOCATIONS OF ECONOMIC, 
SOCIAL 
TO 
“ENVIRONMENTAL  QUALITY  AND  POLLUTION  CONTROL”  BY  LEVEL-3 
CATEGORIES IN US STATES DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. ...................... 57 

INVESTMENTS 

TERRITORIAL 

DEDICATED 

AND 

GRAPH 17. DISTRIBUTION OF AVERAGE YEARLY ALLOCATIONS OF ECONOMIC, 
SOCIAL  AND  TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS  DEDICATED  TO  “SOCIAL 
INFRASTRUCTURES”  BY  LEVEL-2  CATEGORIES  IN  EU  MEMBER  STATES 
DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. .............................................................. 58 

GRAPH 18. DISTRIBUTION OF AVERAGE YEARLY ALLOCATIONS OF ECONOMIC, 
SOCIAL  AND  TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS  DEDICATED  TO  “SOCIAL 
INFRASTRUCTURES” BY LEVEL-2 CATEGORIES IN US STATES DURING THE 
2007-2013 PERIOD. ................................................................................. 59 

GRAPH  19.  CORRELATION  BETWEEN  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF 
INVESTMENTS  AND  THE 

ECONOMIC,  SOCIAL  AND  TERRITORIAL 
POPULATION OF EU MEMBER STATES DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. ........ 89 

GRAPH  20.  CORRELATION  BETWEEN  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF 
INVESTMENTS  AND  THE 

ECONOMIC,  SOCIAL  AND  TERRITORIAL 
POPULATION OF EU NUTS 2 REGIONS DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. ........ 90 

GRAPH  21.  CORRELATION  BETWEEN  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF 
INVESTMENTS  AND  THE 

ECONOMIC,  SOCIAL  AND  TERRITORIAL 
POPULATION OF US STATES DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. ..................... 91 

VIII 

 
 
GRAPH  22.  CONCENTRATION  CURVE  FOR  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF 
ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND TERRITORIAL INVESTMENTS RANKED BY GDP PPP 
PER  CAPITA  AT  THE  EU  MEMBER  STATES  LEVEL  DURING  THE  2007-2013 
PERIOD. ................................................................................................. 92 

GRAPH  23.  CONCENTRATION  CURVE  FOR  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF 
ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND TERRITORIAL INVESTMENTS RANKED BY GDP PPP 
PER  CAPITA  AT  THE  NUTS  2  REGIONS  LEVEL  DURING  THE  2007-2013 
PERIOD. ................................................................................................. 93 

GRAPH  24.  CONCENTRATION  CURVE  FOR  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF 
ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND TERRITORIAL INVESTMENTS RANKED BY GDP PPP 
PER CAPITA AT THE US STATES LEVEL DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. ....... 94 

GRAPH  25.  CONCENTRATION  CURVE  FOR  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF 
ECONOMIC,  SOCIAL  AND  TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS  DEDICATED  TO 
“TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT” RANKED BY GDP PPP PER CAPITA AT THE EU 
MEMBER STATES LEVEL DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. ............................ 95 

GRAPH  26.  CONCENTRATION  CURVE  FOR  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF 
ECONOMIC,  SOCIAL  AND  TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS  DEDICATED  TO 
“TERRITORIAL  DEVELOPMENT”  RANKED  BY  GDP  PPP  PER  CAPITA  AT  THE 
NUTS 2 REGIONS LEVEL DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. ........................... 95 

GRAPH  27.  CONCENTRATION  CURVE  FOR  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF 
ECONOMIC,  SOCIAL  AND  TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS  DEDICATED  TO 
“TERRITORIAL  DEVELOPMENT”  RANKED  BY  GDP  PPP  PER  CAPITA  AT  THE 
US STATES LEVEL DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. .................................... 96 

GRAPH  28.  CORRELATION  BETWEEN  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF 
ECONOMIC,  SOCIAL  AND  TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS  PER  CAPITA  AND 
THE GDP PPP PER CAPITA OF EU MEMBER STATES DURING THE 2007-2013 
PERIOD. ................................................................................................. 97 

GRAPH  29.  CORRELATION  BETWEEN  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF 
ECONOMIC,  SOCIAL  AND  TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS  PER  CAPITA  AND 
THE  GDP  PPP  PER  CAPITA  OF  NUTS  2  REGIONS  DURING  THE  2007-2013 
PERIOD. ................................................................................................. 98 

GRAPH  30.  CORRELATION  BETWEEN  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF 
ECONOMIC,  SOCIAL  AND  TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS  PER  CAPITA  AND 
THE GDP PPP PER CAPITA OF US STATES DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD.
 ............................................................................................................. 99 

GRAPH  31.  CORRELATION  BETWEEN  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF 
ECONOMIC,  SOCIAL  AND  TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS  PER  CAPITA  AND 
THE GDP PPP PER CAPITA OF US STATES (DC DROPPED) DURING THE 2007-
2013 PERIOD. ......................................................................................... 99 

GRAPH  32.  CORRELATION  BETWEEN  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF 
ECONOMIC,  SOCIAL  AND  TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS  PER  CAPITA  AND 
THE DENSITY OF EU MEMBER STATES DURING THE 2007 – 2013 PERIOD. ... 101 

GRAPH  33.  CORRELATION  BETWEEN  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF 
ECONOMIC,  SOCIAL  AND  TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS  PER  CAPITA  AND 
THE DENSITY OF EU NUTS 2 REGIONS DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. ..... 101 

GRAPH  34.  CORRELATION  BETWEEN  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF 
ECONOMIC,  SOCIAL  AND  TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS  PER  CAPITA  AND 
THE DENSITY OF US STATES DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. .................. 102 

GRAPH  35.  CORRELATION  BETWEEN  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF 
ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS AND THE DENSITY 
OF US STATES (DC DROPPED) DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. ................ 103 

IX 

 
 
GRAPH  36.  CORRELATION  BETWEEN  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF 
ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND TERRITORIAL INVESTMENTS AND THE POLITICAL 
ALIGNMENT OF US STATES WITH THE CONGRESS DURING THE 2007-2013 
PERIOD. ............................................................................................... 104 

GRAPH  37.  YEARLY  COMPOSITION  OF  ECONOMIC,  SOCIAL  AND  TERRITORIAL 

INVESTMENTS IN THE US AS SHARE OF THE US GDP. ................................ 105 

LIST OF MAPS 

MAP 1. AVERAGE POPULATION OF THE EU MEMBER STATES DURING THE 2007-

2013 PERIOD. ......................................................................................... 61 

MAP 2. AVERAGE POPULATION OF THE EU NUTS 2 REGIONS DURING THE 2007-

2013 PERIOD. ......................................................................................... 62 

MAP  3.  AVERAGE  POPULATION  OF  THE  US  STATES  DURING  THE  2007-2013 

PERIOD. ................................................................................................. 63 

MAP 4. AVERAGE POPULATION DENSITY OF THE EU MEMBER STATES DURING 

THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. .......................................................................... 65 

MAP 5. AVERAGE POPULATION DENSITY OF THE EU NUTS 2 REGIONS DURING 

THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. .......................................................................... 66 

MAP 6. AVERAGE POPULATION DENSITY OF THE US STATES DURING THE 2007-

2013 PERIOD. ......................................................................................... 67 

MAP  7.  AVERAGE  GDP  OF  THE  EU  MEMBER  STATES  DURING  THE  2007-2013 

PERIOD. ................................................................................................. 69 

MAP  8.  AVERAGE  GDP  PPP  PER  CAPITA  OF  THE  EU  MEMBER  STATES  DURING 

THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. .......................................................................... 70 

MAP  9.  AVERAGE  GDP  OF  THE  EU  NUTS  2  REGIONS  DURING  THE  2007-2013 

PERIOD. ................................................................................................. 71 

MAP 10. AVERAGE GDP PPP PER CAPITA OF THE EU NUTS 2 REGIONS DURING 

THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. .......................................................................... 72 

MAP 11. AVERAGE GDP OF THE US STATES DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. ....... 73 

MAP 12. AVERAGE GDP PPP PER CAPITA OF THE US STATES DURING THE 2007-

2013 PERIOD. ......................................................................................... 73 

MAP  13.  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF  ECONOMIC,  SOCIAL  AND 
TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS  IN  THE  EU  MEMBER  STATES  DURING  THE 
2007-2013 PERIOD. ................................................................................. 75 

MAP  14.  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF  ECONOMIC,  SOCIAL  AND 
TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS  IN  THE  EU  NUTS  2  REGIONS  DURING  THE 
2007-2013 PERIOD. ................................................................................. 76 

MAP  15.  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF  ECONOMIC,  SOCIAL  AND 
TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS  IN  THE US STATES  DURING  THE 2007-2013 
PERIOD. ................................................................................................. 77 

MAP  16.  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF  ECONOMIC,  SOCIAL  AND 
TERRITORIAL INVESTMENTS AS SHARE OF THE EU MEMBER STATES GDP 
DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. .............................................................. 79 

X 

 
 
 
 
 
MAP  17.  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF  ECONOMIC,  SOCIAL  AND 
TERRITORIAL INVESTMENTS AS SHARE OF THE EU NUTS 2 REGIONS GDP 
DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. .............................................................. 81 

MAP  18.  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF  ECONOMIC,  SOCIAL  AND 
TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS AS SHARE OF  THE  US STATES  GDP  DURING 
THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. .......................................................................... 82 

MAP  19.  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF  ECONOMIC,  SOCIAL  AND 
TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS  PER  CAPITA  IN  THE  EU  MEMBER  STATES 
DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. .............................................................. 84 

MAP  20.  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF  ECONOMIC,  SOCIAL  AND 
TERRITORIAL  INVESTMENTS  PER  CAPITA  IN  THE  EU  NUTS  2  REGIONS 
DURING THE 2007-2013 PERIOD. .............................................................. 86 

MAP  21.  AVERAGE  YEARLY  ALLOCATIONS  OF  ECONOMIC,  SOCIAL  AND 
TERRITORIAL INVESTMENTS PER CAPITA IN THE US STATES DURING THE 
2007-2013 PERIOD. ................................................................................. 87 

XI 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 

This report was elaborated by students of the Urban School of Sciences Po Paris upon 
request  of  the  Directorate-General  for  Regional  and  Urban  Policy  of  the  European 
Commission during the academic year 2015-2016.  

In  the  context  of  the  reflections  on  the  future  of  Cohesion  Policy,  it  is  necessary  to 
furnish new tools and approaches to contribute to the debate. A comparison with the 
US institutional model can provide a new point of view and sets of arguments to assess 
the effects of EU Cohesion Policy. Indeed, Cohesion Policy has no clear equivalent in the 
US, thus impeding the comparative literature on this issue.  

This study aims at comparing the EU  and the  US  Economic, Social  and Territorial 
Development Investments (ESTI) during the 2007-2013 period. ESTI can be defined 
as expenditures aimed at improving the stock of capital to achieve long term territorial, 
economic and social objectives, notably growth and cohesion. Their content corresponds 
to the investments funded by EU Cohesion Policy and the transfers with equivalent goals 
in the US. In the context of this study, only investments transferred from a higher level 
of  government  to  a  lower  one  are  considered.  In  particular,  higher  levels  are  the 
European Union and the US Federal Government, and the lower  ones refer to the  EU 
Member  States/NUTS  2  regions  and  the  US  State  and  Local  governments.  As  a 
consequence, it restricts the study to Cohesion Policy Funds (ERDF, CF, ESF) and 
relevant US federal grants to State and Local governments.  

Concerning  the  research  questions  of  the  study,  this  comparative  analysis  allows  to 
conclude on whether institutional differences between the EU and the US ESTI 
models  produce  opposed  territorial  effects.  These  research  questions  will  be 
explored  at  the  EU  Member  states,  NUTS  2  and  US  States  levels,  depending  on  the 
availability of data.  

The  analysis  will  study  the  sectoral  and  geographical  distribution  of  ESTI 
allocations, but it will also try to reveal the underlying logics of the two models. 
In  order to do  so, the  relationships between ESTI allocations and  population, level of 
development and density will be tested. Moreover, specific issues will be explored for 
the US model because of its political and budgetary particularities. 

In  order  to  proceed  with  the  comparison  and  to  answer  the  research  questions,  a 
database of the ESTI was elaborated. Using as sources the EU data about Cohesion 
Policy 2007-2013 and the yearly US data of the US Department of the Treasury.  

The classification of expenditures considered as ESTI has been carried out according to 
a typology, as a tool for a common framework. It was conceived to be applied both 
to the EU priorities, the specific objectives of Cohesion Policy 2007-2013 and to the US 
programmes, the descriptions of the US federal grants. It features 10 categories of level-
1, which deal with different intervention domains. The typology is based on EU Cohesion 
Policy priorities. Expenditures that could not be considered as investments (e.g. benefits 
to individuals, operational costs, expenditures for technical assistance) have not been 
taken  into  account.  Among  the  US  programmes,  expenditures  that  could  be  seen  as 
investments, but would not be funded by EU Cohesion Policy, have also been excluded. 
In  case  an  expenditure  contained  different  purposes  that  could  be  included in  two  or 
more different categories, it was decided to  classify it according to the most relevant 
purpose. If an expenditure was at least partially involved a domain that is excluded from 
the field of study, it was not taken into consideration.  

The goal of the database is to present all the relevant expenditures (ESTI), sorted out 
by period, place and typology categories. The available data from the original databases 
represents a constraint for the possibilities of the study database: the design of the ESTI 
database is conceived accordingly.  

XII 

 
 
Methodological  choices  for  the  database  imply  that  the  considered  ESTI  are 
allocations  during  the  2007-2013  period  and  not  actual  expenditures.  US  ESTI  are 
allocated independently of the GDP per capita of the targeted territories, unlike EU ESTI 
because  Cohesion  Policy  mostly  targets  the  less  developed  areas.  Regarding  the 
geographical scope of the study, Croatia and US freely associated States are excluded 
because  of  their  particularities.  Another  critical  geographical  assumption  is  to  assign 
cross-border EU programmes to their administrative region in the EU.   

These methodological choices lead to a series of limits, that are explicitly stated 
in the study. These limits deal with two perspectives: some biases emerge concerning 
the issue of the comparability of the two entities, some other limits are related to the 
adopted technical choices. However, they do not undermine the coherence of this 
study. These limits have to be considered as keys to understand the conclusions and 
they  should  help  to  appreciate  the  comparison  in  a  larger  perspective.  Notably,  the 
impact  of  the  US  Stimulus  Package  during  that  period  should  be  recalled,  as  it  is 
likely to strongly influence the results. 

Concerning the procedure of the creation of the database, once the quality and the 
validity of the original databases checked, the original EU priorities and US programmes 
were recoded using the elaborated typology. Numerous checks to control the quality 
of data were conducted. The selected expenditures were then aggregated by place and 
typology  category.  Finally,  the  selected  expenditures  were  unified  into  a  single 
database,  which  features  the  three  considered  levels:  EU  Member  States,  NUTS  2 
regions, US States. Then, the robustness of the ESTI database was checked, before 
conducting the analysis and answering the research questions. Tables summarising the 
main characteristics of the ESTI database are exposed in the appendix.  

To begin the analysis, the weight of ESTI within each entity is assessed for the 2007-
2013  period.  The  size  of  the  ESTI  budgets  is  the  reflection  of  institutional 
differences between the EU and the US. Indeed, ESTI allocations represent 38% of the 
EU Community budget, while they account for not even 3% of the US Federal budget. 
However, it must not be forgotten that the US Federal budget is 15 times larger than 
the EU Community one. In terms of share of GDP dedicated to ESTI, the situation 
is similar in the EU (0.4%) and the US (0.6%). However, this situation is likely to 
be produced by the important US Stimulus Package in 2009-2010, that influenced 
the ESTI allocations. 

Interesting results emerge from the sectoral analysis of ESTI allocations. The striking 
difference between the EU and US distributions concerns the ESTI allocated to 
“Transport”  (16%  of  ESTI  in  the  EU,  65%  in  the  US).  Accordingly,  the  weight  of 
transport,  notably  of  roads,  is  massive  for  the  US  ESTI.  Regarding  the  similarities 
between  the  two  models,  ESTI  dedicated  to  “Territorial  development”  represent 
10% of the US ESTI and 6% in the EU. It may go against the common belief that 
the US does not invest on this kind of expenditures.  

Through  cartography,  the  geographical  distribution  of  ESTI  is  presented  in  order  to 
understand at a first glance the territorial dimensions of these allocations in the EU and 
in the US. It appears that Southern and Eastern Member States and regions are 
favoured by ESTI allocations in the EU. In the US, ESTI allocations seem to be 
concentrated on the most populous areas. The analysis of ESTI as share of local 
GDP gives a picture of the importance of ESTI allocations to finance investments in the 
territories. In the US, the observation of the distribution of ESTI as share of local GDP 
gives a radically different picture in comparison to the previous analysis: the US States 
where the ESTI allocations as share of GDP are the highest are not the ones which 
receive, in absolute terms, the most important amounts of ESTI, but instead isolated 
States  in  the  North-West  as  well  as  Alaska.  For  the  EU,  Eastern  and  Central 
Europe regions feature the highest levels of ESTI allocations as share of GDP, 
notably  Hungary.  The  analysis  of  ESTI  per  capita  generally  yields  the  same  spatial 

XIII 

 
 
results. However, these results should be nuanced by the specificities of the period, with 
a major crisis impacting the conclusions. 

     The  research  questions  were  also  partially  answered  thanks  to  the  developed 
database.  However,  further  analysis  would  be  required  to  draw  general  conclusions, 
especially  for  non-crisis  periods.  The  EU  model  tends  to  allocate  more  ESTI  per 
capita for the less developed regions, as intended by EU Cohesion Policy. On 
the  contrary,  in  the  US,  it  seems  that  ESTI  allocations  per  capita  favour  the 
more  developed  regions.  Moreover,  EU  ESTI  allocations  seem  to  be 
concentrated in territories representing a small fraction of the EU GDP. On the 
contrary, the US model attributes ESTI almost homogeneously, though it may be 
an artefact of the Stimulus Package.  

Population is also proven to be a major driver of ESTI allocations in both models. 
However,  no  significant  relationship  was  found  between  density  and  ESTI 
allocations in the EU or the US, even if it may not be a good proxy for the rural/urban 
divide, because of the scales of the comparison.  

Particularities  of  the  US  model  do  not  seem  to  make  its  ESTI  vulnerable  to 
political  pressures.  However,  the  flexibility  of  yearly  federal  grants  allows  greater 
adaptation to macroeconomic shocks.  

Future  studies  may  try  to  take  a  more  holistic  approach,  comparing  the  entire  EU 
investment  policies  to  the  US  federal  model.  This  approach  would  allow  reduced 
methodological limits and greater conclusive power.  

XIV 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
“The world has changed but the federal budget has not”1: this was a compelling 
observation on the United States federal effort for regional development in 2006. In the 
same period, the European Union set a new strategy for Cohesion Policy for 2007-2013. 
On  the  occasion  of  the  midterm  evaluation  of  the  2014-2020  programming  period  of 
Cohesion Policy, it is necessary to provide new tools and approaches to contribute to 
the debate on EU Cohesion Policy. From the EU perspective, it is interesting to establish 
an international comparison about the way of dealing with territorial development and 
inequalities. The US presents a different institutional model since it is a Federal State. 
However, the US model can be considered as a useful term of comparison since the two 
entities  feature  significantly  important  similarities,  such  as  the  level  of  economic 
development,  demographics  and  common  public  finance  rationales.  Cohesion  Policy, 
with  its  institutional  framework,  represents  a  key  policy  for  economic,  social  and 
territorial  development  investments  at  the  EU  level.  On  the  contrary,  the  US  has  no 
similar  overarching  policy,  but  still  similar  expenditures.  Therefore,  this  comparison 
between these two entities is a relevant tool to understand the territorial effects of two 
distinct institutional models. 

I. STUDY BACKGROUND OF THE EU/US COMPARISON 

This first section will present the general and scientific context of the study, as well as 
the challenges of the EU/US comparison and the objectives assigned to this report.    

1. INTELLECTUAL FRAMEWORK  

1.1 Subject of the study 

This  study  is  a  comparison  of  the  EU  and  the  US  Economic,  Social  and  Territorial 
Development  Investments  during  the  2007-2013  period.  Economic,  Social  and 
Territorial Investments can be defined as expenditures aimed at improving the stock of 
capital to achieve long term territorial, economic and social objectives, notably growth 
and cohesion. In the context of this study, only investments transferred from a higher 
level  of  government  to  a  lower  one  are  considered.  The  higher  level  refers  to  the 
European Union and the US Federal State and the lower one to EU Member States/NUTS 
2  regions  and  the  US  State  and  Local  governments.  The  content  of  the  considered 
investments corresponds to those funded by EU Cohesion Policy and the transfers with 
equivalent  goals  in  the  US.  Therefore,  it  is  connected  to  the  concept  of  regional 
development, that implies transfers between levels of government.  

For clarity reasons, expenditures matching these criteria (period, involved government 
levels  and  content)  are  labelled  Economic  Social  and  Territorial  Investments 
(ESTI) in this study. Obviously, it should be noted that the ESTI do not represent all 
the investments dedicated to economic, social and territorial investments in the EU and 
the US. Indeed, ESTI only encapsulate expenditures funded by the ERDF, CF and ESF 
in the EU and by relevant federal grants to State and Local governments in the US.  

1 Drabenstott, ‘Rethinking Federal Policy for Regional Economic Development’. 

1 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
                                                 
In  these  two  entities,  intergovernmental  investments  transfers  can  be  justified  by 
economic and political rationales2: promoting economic efficiency and social inclusion, 
increasing  the  legitimacy  of  the  highest  level  of  government,  influencing  local 
investments  priorities,  benefiting  from  local  knowledge  and  fostering  development, 
notably in lagging regions. They are used, to different extent, by both the EU and the 
US. This common public finance background can be translated into different investment 
policies, with particular territorial effects. This issue is particularly critical in the context 
of the preparation of the next programming period of EU Cohesion Policy. 

1.2 Context of the study 

In the context of the 2016 Multiannual Financial Framework and the post-2020 strategy, 
it is necessary to furnish new tools and approaches to contribute to the debate on EU 
Cohesion Policy strategy. A comparison with another institutional model can provide a 
new point of view and sets of arguments to assess the particular effects of EU Cohesion 
Policy. 

EU Cohesion Policy is seen as an original model of investment policy. The allocation and 
the distribution of funds between Member States gathered in this sui generis Community 
are explicitly justified by an argument of economic efficiency and cohesion. These two 
rationales  are  presented  as  dependent  and  interrelated.  The  EU  has  been  concerned 
with the reduction of regional disparities ever since its inception3. The preamble of the 
1957  Treaty  of  Rome  mentions  the  need  “to  strengthen  the  unity  of  their  economies 
and to ensure their harmonious development by reducing the differences existing among 
the various regions and the backwardness of the less-favoured regions”. Cohesion Policy 
is a leading policy responsible for the Economic, Social and Territorial Development of 
the EU.  In the Europe 2020 context, Cohesion Policy contributes to promoting smart, 
sustainable and inclusive growth.   

Cohesion Policy is entering into a new cycle, facing different challenges than in the 2007-
2013 period. Thus, studying the 2007-2013 programming period with consolidated data 
will provide insights for the post-2020 debate. A comparative approach between the EU 
and the US gives new keys to reflect on the particularities of each model. 

1.3 Previous EU/US comparisons  

There are few examples of economic comparison between the EU and the US because 
of their institutional differences. Comparing a sui generis community with a federation 
is  the  main  obstacle.  Domenico  Tortola’s  work4  on  the  EU-US  comparative  literature 
reveals the lack of consistent scholarly production before 1996. However, it also reveals 
a link between post-Maastricht endeavour and the increase of comparative studies. As 
the EU becomes more integrated, comparisons with the US become more meaningful. 

2 Boadway and Shah, Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers; Barca, ‘An Agenda for a Reformed Cohesion Policy 
A Place-Based Approach to Meeting European Union Challenges and Expectations’; EU Regional Policy, 
Cohesion Policy 2007-13; CBO, ‘Federal Grants to State and Local Governments’. 

3 Treaty Establishing the European Economic Community, EEC Treaty. 
4 Tortola, ‘The Limits of Normalization’. 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
Even if the two entities present structural differences, it does not preclude a comparison 
of their budgetary allocations. The OECD also carried out a comparison study on regional 
development  policies,  even  if  its  difficulty  was  recognised.  The  OECD  compared 
international  models  of  investments  and  budgets  in  the  2010  report  “Regional 
development policies in OECD countries”5, and more recently in their “Regional Outlook 
2014”6. These works highlight the complexity of an international budgetary comparison 
due to the lack of a shared definitions of policies, notably of regional policy. As a matter 
of  fact,  no  country  reports  a  precise  budget  for  the  regional  policy,  but  despite  this 
obstacle,  this  report  manages  to  construct  an  overall  estimate  budget  allowing  a 
relevant comparison framework. For example, the OECD study built a strong framework 
to compare the Block Grant of Korea, the Community Renovation Grant of Japan, and 
the Community Development Block Grant of the United States. As well as the scope of 
this  study  about  the  comparison  between  EU  and  US,  their  work  aimed  at  finding 
equivalent intergovernmental transfers in widely different entities.  

Consequently,  structural  differences  do  not  mean  that  comparison  is  not  relevant. 
However, a deep knowledge of the models is required to compare ESTI between the EU 
and the US. Thus, in order to provide a solid background for a comparison method, the 
following section presents the differences and the similarities between the EU and the 
US as far as their characteristics relevant to ESTI are concerned.  

2. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TWO ENTITIES  

2.1 Structural differences 

The EU and the US present major structural differences, notably at the economic and 
institutional levels.  

In the economic field, the GDP at market prices (2007-2013 average) of the EU attains 
EUR 12,971,864 million7, very close to the US where it reaches EUR 11,149,780 million8. 
The GDP PPP per capita of the US is EUR 36,0899, higher than in the EU where it reaches 
EUR  24,66010.  This  situation  is  mainly  caused  by  the  East-West  divide  in  the  EU. 
Moreover, the average yearly nominal GDP growth registered for the 2007-2013 period 
attains 0.69%11 for the EU and 2%12 for the US.  

From  the  institutional  point  of  view,  the  US  is  a  Federal  State,  while  the  EU  can  be 
considered as a sui generis Community. The repartition of competencies that these two 
different  institutional  structures  imply  constitutes  the  main  challenge  for  the 
comparison. It leads to a striking contrast between the scopes of EU Community and 
US Federal budgets. Indeed, the EU Community budget represents 2% of the total public 
expenditures  and  the  US  Federal  budget  represents  63.9%  of  the  total  public 
expenditures13. 

5 OECD, Regional Development Policies in OECD Countries. 
6 OECD Regional Outlook 2014. 
7 Eurostat, ‘GDP and Main Components (Output, Expenditure and Income)’. 
8 US Department of Commerce, ‘Table 1.1.5. Gross Domestic Product’; USFOREX, ‘Yearly Average Rates’. 
9 World Bank, ‘GDP per Capita, PPP (Current International US$)’; USFOREX, ‘Yearly Average Rates’. 
10 World Bank, ‘GDP per Capita, PPP (Current International US$)’; USFOREX, ‘Yearly Average Rates’. 
11 Eurostat, ‘GDP and Main Components (Output, Expenditure and Income)’. 
12 US Department of Commerce, ‘Table 1.1.5. Gross Domestic Product’. 
13 Barbier-Gauchard, ‘European Public Expenditure: Community Level and National Level’. 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
In the EU, the Maastricht Treaty (1992) formally introduced the “subsidiarity principle”, 
ensuring the Member States budgetary autonomy. Community intervention is described 
has an exception and should be preferred only if “the objectives of the proposed action 
cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States and can therefore, by reason of 
the  scale  or  effects  of  the  proposed  action,  be  better  achieved  by  the  Community”14. 
Amélie Barbier Gauchard’s work studies the aggregated expenditures of the Community 
and  National  level  to  distinguish  three  types  of  budgetary  competency  :  “Highly 
Communitarian  budgetary  competency”  (Agriculture,  Fishing,  Rural  development), 
“Shared  competency”  at  various  degrees  (R&D,  Innovation,  Foreign  relations)  and 
“Exclusive national competency” which refers to competencies, which are funded by less 
than 1% by the Community level (Energy, Transport, Justice, Education and Training, 
Health).  

In  the  US  model,  the  Constitution  attributes  extended  competencies  to  the  federal 
level15:  Customs  Union,  Monetary  Policy,  Intellectual  Property   Policy,  Internal 
Improvements, Disposal of Public Lands, Subsidies (mainly to shipping), Foreign Policy, 
Immigration Policy. Competencies that are not explicitly listed can be shared between 
the State and Local governments and the Federal one.  

In order to understand the scope and the importance of the ESTI allocations in the EU 
and US systems, it is necessary to place them in context of the overall budgets of the 
two entities during the studied period. During the 2007-2013 period, the EU Community 
budget and the US Federal budget differ in terms of scope and goals.  

In the EU system, the multiannual framework sets the budget for the 2007-2013 period. 
Expenditures are equivalent to 1.12% of the GNI of the Member States, i.e. EUR 975.8 
billion16.  Cohesion  Policy,  which  accounts  for  more  than  a  third  of  the  total  EU 
Community budget, is a leading expense item. The conservation and the management 
of natural resources through Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and other policies (rural 
development,  environment,  fishing)  also  represent  about  a  third  of  the  total  EU 
Community budget.  

In the US system, the overall budget of the Federal State is decided on a yearly basis 
by the Congress. Between 2007 and 2013, federal expenditures range between USD 2.7 
and  3.5  trillion  every  year17.  The  US  Department  of  the  Treasury  divides  all  federal 
spending into three groups18: mandatory spending, discretionary spending and interest 
on debt. Mandatory spending makes up nearly 60% of the overall Federal budget and 
includes fields such as Social Security, Unemployment and Labor, Medicare and Health, 
Food  and  Agriculture,  Veteran’s  benefit  and  Transportation.  Discretionary  spending is 
dominated  by  the  military  programs,  with  more  than  50%  of  the  total  discretionary 
spending.  Other  discretionary  expenditures  include  Education,  Government,  Medicare 
and  Health,  Veterans’  Benefit,  Housing  and  Community,  International  Affairs,  Energy 
and Environment, Science, Transportation and Food and Agriculture. Among this overall 
budget, investment represents roughly 15% of federal spending and 3% of the US GDP. 
Those shares remained stable during the past twenty years, though investment by the 
Federal State raised to 4% of the GDP after the American Recovery and Reinvestment 
Act of 2009, which particularly increased investments on Transportation programmes19. 
The context of the study is therefore influenced by the stimulus package, that heavily 
focused on infrastructures.  

14  Official  Journal  of  the  European  Communities,  Article  5  of  the  Treaty  on  European  Union  (Consolidated 

Version), Treaty of Maastricht. 

15 Legal Information Institute, ‘Federalism’. 
16 European Commission, ‘Cadre Financier 2007-2013 de l’UE En Chiffres - Budget’. 
17 Executive Office Of The President, Budget of the United States Government. 
18 National Priorities Project, ‘Federal Spending’. 
19 CBO, ‘Federal Investment’. 

4 

 
 
                                                 
Thus, in the two systems, ESTI allocations are not the only instrument of the highest 
level of government to conduct investments in the different territories.  Among them, 
the example of rural development of the EU can be highlighted20. In the US, the Federal 
State  often  conducts  investments  directly,  without  transferring  amounts  to  other 
entities21. These alternative mechanisms, not covered by the ESTI and this study, should 
be explored in other studies. Indeed, they may have different sectoral and geographical 
logics than the ESTI and thus could alter the redistributive nature of both budgets for 
territories.  

These  structural  differences  lead  to  two  models  of  ESTI  allocations  for  the  EU 
Community level and the US Federal State.  

2.2 Approaches of ESTI allocations 

2.2.1 ESTI legal frameworks 

The EU and the US models present two different approaches of ESTI, through a specific 
toolbox to organize investments from a higher level of government to a lower one. On 
the one hand, in the EU, ESTI are financed by an institutionalised regional policy and 
they are regulated by treaties and agreements. Indeed, EU Cohesion Policy is derived 
from several legal texts: EU Treaties22 and regulations23 regarding Structural Funds, the 
General Regulation No 1083/2006, which concerns the objectives, the programming and 
the  management  and  control  requirements.  Objectives  are  explicitly  detailed  in  the 
Funds-specific  regulations  laying  down  investment  priorities:  European  Regional 
Development Fund (ERDF) No 1080/2006, European Social Fund (ESF) No 1081/2006, 
Cohesion  Fund  (CF)  No  1084/2006.  Each  objective  makes  a  clear  reference  to  the 
targeted territory. 

This institutionalisation of this investment policy gives a strong strategic dimension to 
transfers from the Community level to Member States. A economic development budget 
is  conceived  for  septennial  periods:  for  2007-2013  it  amounted  to  €347.4  billion,  as 
defined by the EU law, which represents about ⅓ of the EU budget (35-36%)24.  

On  the  other  hand,  the  US  does  not  present  such  an  explicit  policy  to  rule  ESTI.  It 
primarily  stems  from  the  absence  of  an  institutionalised  regional  policy.  Aside  the 
political priorities set by the President and the Congress25, there is no overarching law 
or  strategy  document  for  this  issue.  However,  attempts  were  made  to  analyse  a 
supposed “US regional policy”, that could cover parts of ESTI allocations. As pointed by 
the  OECD  “Regional  Outlook  2014”,  the  US  regional  policy  mandate  is  to  support 
economically  distressed  areas  through  regional  strategy  development  and  public 
investments for regional competitiveness26. However, from a global perspective, as the 
OECD  attests  it,  the  US  system  distinguishes  itself  by  the  lack  of  unified  budget  for 

20 European Commission, ‘Cadre Financier 2007-2013 de l’UE En Chiffres - Budget’. 
21 CBO, ‘Federal Investment’. 
22 EU Regional Policy, Cohesion Policy 2007-13. 
23 DG Regio, ‘Structural Funds Regulations 2007-2013’. 
24 Tatulescu, ‘The Cohesion Policy at EU Level’. 
25 Obama, ‘The Budget Message of the President’, 2012; Obama, ‘The Budget Message of the President’, 2011; 
Obama, ‘The Budget Message of the President’, 2010; Obama, ‘The Budget Message of the President’, 
2009; Bush, ‘The Budget Message of the President’, 2008; Bush, ‘The Budget Message of the President’, 
2007; Bush, ‘The Budget Message of the President’, 2006. 

26 OECD Regional Outlook 2014. 

5 

 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
regional and community economic development27. Drabenstott’s study on “Rethinking 
federal policy for regional economic development”28 confirms that there is no “strategic 
policy” on regional development, but only programmes, which are not motivated by a 
common  and  overarching  policy.  He  argues  that,  in  this  context,  investments  are 
homogenous and not territorially targeted. Therefore, regional development  and ESTI 
allocations  are  diluted  among  the  20  Federal  budget  functions29,  which  contribute  to 
these objectives through grants attribution.  

However,  the  US  makes  reference  to  “regional  development”  through  one  of  the  20 
Federal  budget  functions:  “Community  and  Regional  Development”30.  It  aims  at 
improving  community  economic  conditions,  promoting  rural  development,  assisting 
federal  preparations  and  response  to  disasters  such  as  floods  or  hurricanes.  Another 
example of regional policy target is the Appalachian Regional Commission (ARC) which 
focuses on a specific region. This is a Federal-State partnership with the population of 
Appalachia to foster economic development and improve quality of life in their region. 
It  can  be  considered  as  a  form  of  territorial  development  policy,  because  it  explicitly 
targets a lagging-behind region. However, it represents only a fraction of expenditures 
that can be considered as ESTI. 

ESTI in the US must therefore be extracted from federal transfers to State and Local 
governments. As a consequence, the legal framework for ESTI in the US consist mainly 
of the general federal grants legislation31.  

2.2.2 Territorialisation of investments 

The  respective  investment  policies  of  the  EU  and  the  US  have  frequently  been 
archetypally  represented  as  opposed  regarding  their  objectives.  The  features  of  one 
model have sometimes been used as an argument to criticize the other. EU Cohesion 
Policy  defends  the  positive  impact  of  its  investments  on  cohesion  and  economic 
efficiency,  being  the  main  argument  the  fact  that  its  policy  explicitly  targets  the  less 
developed  regions,  in  order  to  encourage  the  economic  convergence  among  all  the 
Member States. Indeed, under the Convergence objective for 2007-2013, the ERDF and 
ESF funds focus regions whose GDP per head is lower than 75% of the EU average32. It 
also targets the outermost regions. The EU considers that its investment policy has to 
be  adapted  to  each  territory,  according  to  its  needs  and  assets.  The  Barca  Report 33 
assumes that this is the condition for growth and Cohesion Policy efficiency.  

This  approach  of  investment  is  not  presented  in  the  same  way  in  the  US  because 
transfers are not intended to be based on the economic and social characteristics of the 
places. Grants result from the federal orientations and they are not generally explicitly 
adapted  to  specific  territorial  characteristics34,  which  can  be  seen  as  a  “bottom-up” 
investment policy. 

27 OECD, Regional Development Policies in OECD Countries. 
28 Drabenstott, ‘Rethinking Federal Policy for Regional Economic Development’. 
29 Executive Office Of The President, Budget of the United States Government. 
30 Ibid. 
31 CBO, ‘Federal Grants to State and Local Governments’; OMB, ‘Learn Grants’. 
32 EU Regional Policy, Cohesion Policy 2007-13. 
33  Barca,  ‘An  Agenda  for  a  Reformed  Cohesion  Policy  A  Place-Based  Approach  to  Meeting  European  Union 

Challenges and Expectations’. 

34 OMB, ‘Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance’. 

6 

 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
2.3 Mechanisms of ESTI allocations 

As a consequence of these two different approaches of investments and conception of 
regional  policy,  mechanisms  regarding  ESTI  allocations  differ  widely  between  the  EU 
and the US. 

ESTI  are  conducted  within  EU  Cohesion  Policy,  which  is  bounded  by  detailed 
procedures35. The first step is the elaboration of the “Community Strategic Guidelines 
on Cohesion Policy” by the European Commission, in close contact with the EU Member 
States. Then, Member States must prepare a National Strategic Reference Framework, 
that sets the objectives and Operational Programmes. The Commission evaluates the 
NSRF and the OP. ESTI allocations and management are implemented by a Management 
Authority, that depends on the Member State. In the EU the main instruments are the 
three Structural Funds: ERDF,  ESF, CF.  ESTI are guided by three different  objectives 
under  EU  Cohesion  Policy:  Convergence,  Regional  Competitiveness  and  Employment 
and  European  Territorial  Cooperation.  Cohesion  Policy  funds  explicitly  favour  the  less 
developed regions (in terms of GDP PPP per capita), using an instrument known as the 
Berlin formula36.  

In  the  US,  ESTI  are  performed  by  federal  grants  to  State  and  Local  governments. 
Indeed,  it  is  the  tool  for  intergovernmental  transfers  from  the  federal  government37. 
Grants are under the responsibility of the Congress, the Executive Office of the President 
and the Federal Agencies. The Congress creates the legal framework and assigns the 
yearly budget dedicated to the Federal Agencies managing grants. The Executive Office 
of the President provides guidelines for implementation to Federal Agencies. The Federal 
Agencies release Funding Opportunities, select and attribute funds. They also monitor, 
control  and  audit  the  beneficiaries.  The  US  legislation  allows  several  types  of  grants, 
providing tools for different objectives of the Federal government. This leads to the first 
major distinction for the legal framework of the US ESTI: spending can be mandatory 
or  discretionary.  Mandatory  spending  represents  the  majority  of  the  US  federal 
spending,  and  it  mainly  deals  with  social  benefits  and  health  care.  On  the  contrary, 
discretionary spending is set on a yearly basis by the Congress of the US. Different types 
of federal grants are provided. Each type of grants is linked to a specific set of rules 38. 
Block  grants  enable  a  loose  federal  control  on  local  spending.  Conditions  are  very 
general and do not require non-federal additional funding. Formula grants are attributed 
by  a  formula  given  by  the  law  that  can  take  into  account  several  indicators,  such  as 
population and crime rate. Finally, project grants  are attributed to projects which are 
directly  selected  by  the  Federal  government  through  a  call  for  bids.  Therefore,  they 
allow a high federal control. 

Instruments are ruled by different principles in the two entities. In the US, the existence 
of  conditionalities  for  some  grants  depends  on  their  type39,  while  EU  principles  and 
conditionalities are mandatory (complementarity, coherence, coordination, conformity, 
additionality)40.  For  instance,  in  the  US,  additionality  is  not  mandatory  for  grants 
attribution.  Moreover,  contrary  to  the  EU,  in  the  US  there  are  automatic  aids  (non-
conditional  grants),  mainly  for  social  and  health  expenditures  but  also  for 
infrastructures41. 

One  of  the  main  distinctions  between  EU  and  US  ESTI  mechanisms  is  that  in  the  EU 

35 EU Regional Policy, Cohesion Policy 2007-13. 
36 Osterloh, ‘The Fiscal Consequences of EU Cohesion Policy after 2013’. 
37 OMB, ‘Learn Grants’; CBO, ‘Federal Grants to State and Local Governments’. 
38 CBO, ‘Federal Grants to State and Local Governments’. 
39 Ibid. 
40 EU Regional Policy, Cohesion Policy 2007-13. 
41 OMB, ‘Learn Grants’. 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
model,  receivers  can  only  be  Member  States,  which  afterwards  redistribute  funds  to 
lower levels of governments42. On the contrary, in the US, grants are available to several 
types  of  beneficiaries43:  Government  Organizations  (notably  State  and  Local 
Governments), Education Organizations, NGOs, Public Housing Organizations, SMEs, For 
Profit  Organizations,  Individuals  and  even  Foreign  Applicants.  However,  each  grant 
opportunity has a set of conditions that can restrict the range of beneficiaries. The great 
majority of grants, about 80%, are attributed to State or Local Governments44 and can 
be qualified as ESTI if their content is relevant.  

2.4 Similarities and common issues 

In spite of legal, economic and historical differences, the EU and the US both conduct 
expenditures  that  can  be  described  as  ESTI  at  the  Community/Federal  level.  This 
investment  policy  is  assumed  to  allow  the  development  of  territories,  i.e.  the 
improvement of economic efficiency and quality of life in specific places. 

Structural differences do not prevent the comparison. Indeed, the EU and the US appear 
to  be  similar  on  many  other  features  and  these  similarities  can  be  considered  more 
important than their differences. In the EU as in the US, the main goal of investments 
from the Community/Federal level to lower levels of government is an efficient allocation 
aiming  at  increasing  the  territories’  productivity45.  It  cannot  be  seen  as  an  economic 
redistribution.  

Overall,  the  main  assumption  of  this  study  is  that  both  models  face  common  issues: 
regional inequalities46. Indeed, looking at regional disparities, GDP per capita PPP in the 
2007-2013 period is about 5.8 times greater in the most developed EU Member State 
(Luxembourg)  than  in  the  least  developed  (Bulgaria)47.  It  would  be  3  times  greater 
without  Luxembourg.  GDP  per  capita  PPP  is  about  5.2  times  greater  in  the  most 
developed  US  territory  (DC)  than  in  the  least  developed  US  State  (Mississippi)48.  It 
would be 2.1 without DC. Thus, in the EU as in the US, the global cohesion is prevented 
by  inequalities  of  development  between  States,  heterogeneous  growth  rates,  and 
lagging-behind  territories.  Despite  structural  differences  in  their  Community/Federal 
transfers, both models take into account these issues. This study seeks to understand 
the  US  and  EU  strategy  to  tackle  the  question  of  cohesion  and  how  their  respective 
policies impact territories. The absence of institutionalised ESTI policy in the US does 
not necessarily mean that there is no political answer to regional disparities. 

42 EU Regional Policy, Cohesion Policy 2007-13. 
43 CBO, ‘Federal Grants to State and Local Governments’. 
44  GAO,  ‘Grants  to  State  and  Local  Governments:  An  Overview  of  Federal  Funding  Levels  and  Selected 

Challenges’. 

45 CBO, ‘Federal Grants to State and Local Governments’; EU Regional Policy, Cohesion Policy 2007-13. 
46 OECD, ‘Regional Accounts : Regional GDP per Capita (PPP)’; Eurostat, ‘GDP per Capita in PPS’. 
47 Eurostat, ‘GDP per Capita in PPS’. 
48 OECD, ‘Regional Accounts : Regional GDP per Capita (PPP)’. 

8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
3. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY  

3.1 Study goal 

Starting from the fact that the EU and the US models feature different mechanisms for 
ESTI allocations, this study aims at comparing their respective effects on territories. Do 
structural and institutional differences lead to diverging spatial effects? By studying the 
territorial distribution of ESTI, this work will highlight particularities of both models and 
reveal their underlying logic. This study tries to go beyond their contrasting structures 
and mechanisms in order to make actual differences and similarities emerge. It opens 
a  reflection  on  the  objectives  which  are  pursued  in  both  models  regarding  ESTI 
allocations.  

This  implies  considering  that  the  effects  of  a  policy  can  be  different  from  the  stated 
objectives.  In this perspective, it is possible to question the basic assumptions which 
are attributed to both models and particularly to the US. Notably, the basic hypothesis 
which present the US model as blind to regional inequalities should be questioned. The 
comparison  of  ESTI  allocations  can  confront  the  official  rationales  to  the  reality  and 
conclude on whether the EU and the US ESTI allocations decisions differ significantly.  

3.2 Means  

To  pursue  these  objectives,  research  questions  and  hypotheses  must  be  developed. 
Then, a specific methodology will be derived to test these hypotheses.  

4. RESEARCH QUESTIONS 

The comparative analysis allows the assessment of the sectoral and spatial dimensions 
of  the  EU  ESTI  undertaken  by  Cohesion  Policy  and  of  the  US  ESTI  performed  via  the 
federal grants. To reach this goal, several research questions are required. They will be 
tested  at  the  EU  Member  states,  NUTS  2  and  US  States  levels,  depending  on  the 
availability  of  data.  In  the  end,  it  will  be  possible  to  determine  the  actual  differences 
produced by the EU and the US models.  

  ESTI sectoral and spatial distribution 

The first dimension to test is whether the two models produce different choices about 
the ESTI allocation regarding sectors. Moreover, the goal is also to provide an overall 
description  of  the  spatial  distribution  of  these  ESTI.  This  approach  relies  heavily  on 
cartography.  

9 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Relationship between ESTI allocations and population 

In the EU, population is an element in the formula according to which ESTI are allocated. 
In  the  US  grants  literature,  population  also  seems  to  be  a  major  factor  of  allocation, 
especially  for  formula  grants.  Thus,  the  role  of  population  in  determining  the  ESTI 
allocations is to be studied.  

  Relationship between ESTI allocations and the level of development 

A key element to compare the policies is to study whether funding is related to the level 
of  economic  development  of  territories.  This  perspective  will  be  used  to  conclude  on 
whether the allocated ESTI have a focus on the less developed regions. The analysis will 
be  primarily  based  on  GDP  per  capita  expressed  in  purchasing  power  parity  terms, 
allowing to take into account the differences of purchasing power between States and 
regions.  

  Relationship between ESTI and the rural/urban divide 

The ESTI allocations choices will be explored regarding their potential focus on urban or 
rural territories. To do so, density of the territories will be used as a proxy.  

  Specificities of the US model 

The US federal grants are attributed yearly by the Congress. As a consequence, ESTI 
may be vulnerable to political alignment differences. This aspect will be tested for the 
US,  yet  due  to  the  structure  and  the  procedures  of  EU  Cohesion  Policy,  it  will  not  be 
possible to conduct the same analysis at the EU level.  

The study will also question the resilience capacity of the American model in case of a 
negative  shock,  that  is  to  say  whether  ESTI  allocations  are  impacted  by  economic 
shocks. The monetary mass and the nature of investments will be tested. To do so, the 
potential effects of the economic crisis of 2008 on the American ESTI will be observed, 
as  the  US  features  yearly  data.  It  will  be  compared  to  the  consequences  of  the 
multiannual stable EU Cohesion Policy.  

In order to answer these research questions, the methodology features the elaboration 
of an original typology and ESTI database.  

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
II. METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH  

In order to answer the research questions, data regarding ESTI needed to be collected 
and processed. Indeed, no previous study on this subject was conducted in the past. As 
a  consequence,  it  was  necessary  to  develop  a  typology  to  separate  ESTI  from  other 
expenditures. Then, available EU and US data could be compiled into a single database, 
that would allow an in-depth analysis. 

Therefore, this part includes the explanation of the elaboration of the typology and of 
the construction of the ESTI database. Firstly, the created typology will be exposed. In 
particular, the steps of its realisation, but also its content will be presented. Moreover, 
the application of the elaborated typology to the EU priorities and the US programmes 
is provided. Secondly, the methodological approach adopted to create the ESTI database 
is  described  in  details.  In  particular,  the  data  sources,  the  main  features  and 
assumptions of the ESTI database and the procedure of its production will be explained. 
Then, the limits induced by the methodology will be exposed in order to contextualise 
the findings of the study. Robustness checks carried out to test the validity of the ESTI 
database are also detailed in the appendix. These tests have been carried out from three 
perspectives:  the  aim  was  to  prove  the  consistency  from  the  internal,  spatial  and 
sectoral points of view.  

1. TYPOLOGY ELABORATION 

1.1 Typology design 

The design of the elaborated typology has no precedent, as it had been elaborated to 
meet the needs of this specific comparative study.  

Since  the  EU  is  the  point  of  reference,  the  typology  has  been  derived  from  the  EU 
priorities and, secondly, it has been modified to comply with the US programmes. The 
list  of  the  EU  86  priorities  has  been  extracted  from  the  “EU  Categorisation  of  Fund 
Assistance”  (Commission  Regulation  No  1828/2006,  8/12/2008)49.  Every  priority 
corresponds to a specific objective pursued by the different Cohesion Policy funds (ERDF, 
ESF, Cohesion Fund).  

US  programmes  have  been  extracted  from  a  database  of  US  federal  expenditures.  A 
description is assigned to every US programme, allowing classification in the typology. 
This database is provided by the US Department of the Treasury50.  

Thus, this typology has been conceived to be applied both to the EU priorities and US 
programmes, as a tool for a common framework to classify expenditures considered as 
ESTI.  The typology features 10  categories  of level-1, coded  from 1 to  10, which deal 
with  different  intervention  domains.  Excluded  expenditures  are  coded  by  0.  To  each 
level-1 category, some level-2 and level-3 sub-categories are related, the aim being to 
keep an acceptable level of detail.  

49 Official Journal of the European Union, Commission Regulation (EC) No 1828/2006. 
50 US Department of the Treasury, ‘Federal Grants Databases’. 

11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
Table 1. ESTI typology.  

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

1  Applied R&D 
and Innovation 

11  R&D activities 

110  R&D activities 

12  R&D infrastructures 

120  R&D infrastructures 

13  Promotion of innovation in 
enterprises 

130  Promotion of innovation in 
enterprises 

14  Other R&D/innovation 

140  Other R&D/innovation 

2  Transport 

21  Rail transport 

210  Rail transport 

22  Road transport 

220  Road transport 

23  Maritime transport and 
waterways 

230  Maritime transport and 
waterways 

24  Air transport 

240  Air transport 

25  Other transport/mixed 

250  Other transport/mixed 

3  ICT 

31  ICT infrastructures 

310  ICT infrastructures 

4  Social 
Infrastructures 

41  Education infrastructures 

410  Education infrastructures 

42  Health infrastructures 

420  Health infrastructures 

43  Housing infrastructures 

430  Housing infrastructures 

44  Other social infrastructures 

440  Other social infrastructures 

5  Human 
Capital 

6  Enterprises 
Support 

51  Education and training 

510  Education and training 

52  Support to employment 
access 

520  Support to employment 
access 

61  Aids to enterprises 

610  Aids to enterprises 

7  Natural 
Resources and 
Energy 

71  Electricity (unspecified: 
generation, distribution, 
storage) 

710 Electricity (unspecified: 
generation, distribution, storage) 

72  Fossil energy 

721  Gas 

73  Renewables 

722  Petroleum 

723  Mixed 

731  Wind 

732  Solar 

733  Biomass 

12 

 
 
734  Other 

735  Mixed 

74  Other sources of energy 

740  Other sources of energy 

75  Energy 
efficiency/conservation 

750  Energy 
efficiency/conservation 

8  Environment  81  Environmental quality and 

811  Air 

pollution control 

812  Water 

813  Land 

814  Waste 

815  Integrated/mixed approach 

82  Climate change action 

820  Climate change action 

83  Biodiversity/nature 
protection 

830  Biodiversity/nature 
protection 

84  Environmental risk 
prevention 

840  Environmental risk 
prevention 

9  Touristic and 
Cultural 
development 

10  Territorial 
Development 

91  Touristic development of the 
territory 

910  Touristic development of the 
territory 

92  Cultural development of the 
territory 

920  Cultural development of the 
territory 

101  Territorial regeneration 

1010  Territorial regeneration 

102  Aids to lagging territories 

1020  Aids to lagging territories 

Sources: CFDA, DG Empl, DG Regio, US Department of the Treasury, Authors’ 
calculation 

Note: Level-3 with no additional precision is the same as level-2, e.g. 110 corresponds 
to 11.  

The  reasons  for  the  exclusion  of  certain  expenditures  will  be  presented.  Afterwards, 
some  fields,  which  presented  ambiguities,  will  be  listed  and  the  concerning  choices 
justified. Finally, the detailed description of each level-1 category of the typology and 
of its content will be provided.   

13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1.2 Excluded fields  

Some expenditures have been excluded according to the following assertions. As the EU 
is  the  point  of  reference,  the  exclusion  choices  have  been  oriented  according  to  the 
Cohesion Policy expenditures. It implies that domains related to fields covered by the 
typology, but not conducted by EU Cohesion  Policy, will not be included in the study. 
Expenditures  that  cannot  be  considered  as  investments  (e.g.  benefits  to  individuals, 
wages,  operational  costs,  expenditures  for  technical  assistance)  have  not  been  taken 
into account.  

1.3 Ambiguous fields  

The  selection  of  the  US  programmes  has  raised  some  ambiguities  concerning  the 
domains of rural development, forestry and fishery. As a matter of fact, in the EU these 
objectives  are  traditionally  financed  by  Common  Agricultural  Policy  (notably,  through 
the  corresponding  EAFRD)  and  by  Common  Fisheries  Policy.  However,  some  US 
programmes targeting rural development are included in the study. The distinction is 
made  according  to  the  type  of  objective  pursued  and  to  the  fund  which  finance  it51. 
Investments  with  objectives  overlapping  between  the  EAFRD  and  the  ERDF/ESF  are 
included. Objectives that could be part of the study, but that are only funded by EAFRD 
are  automatically  excluded  because  Cohesion  Policy  is  the  base  of  the  selection 
decisions.  

For  the  domains  of  forestry  and  fishery,  only  the  US  programmes  explicitly  targeting 
objectives such as environmental and biodiversity protection have been included. 

2. DETAILS FOR TYPOLOGY CATEGORIES 

In order to have precise comprehension of the fields covered in the study, a description 
of  each  category  of  the  typology  is  necessary.  Categories  are  described  according  to 
their order in the typology.  

2.1 Applied R&D and Innovation  

In  this  category,  only  priorities  and  programmes  that  deal  with  applied  research  and 
development are included. For applied research, it means  research that is tested and 
that  pursues  the  utilisation  of  knowledge  to  bring  innovation  and  economic 
development.  Therefore,  basic  research,  which  aims  at  the  comprehension  of 
phenomena, is excluded.  

51 ‘Programme de Développement Rural Hexagonal’. 

14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
The domains which are not covered by the study are not included in the R&D category, 
e.g.  Military  R&D,  Agriculture  R&D,  Fishery  R&D  and  Forestry  R&D.  However,  a 
clarification  has  to  be  made  about  Health  R&D.  The  research  in  the  field  of  health  is 
included, when it is explicitly applied and it prompts innovative technologies and related 
businesses.  

This  level-1  category  features  specific  level-2  sub-categories  about  “R&D  activities”, 
“R&D  infrastructures”  and  “Promotion  of  innovation  in  enterprises”52.  The  “other 
R&D/innovation” level-2 category includes the following fields: technology transfers and 
improvements in cooperation networks.  

2.2 Transport 

The “Transport” level-1 category includes a variety of transport investments,  such as 
infrastructures  and  rolling  stocks.  The  categorisation  is  sectoral,  representing  all  the 
different types of transport53. The “Transport” level-1 category excludes measures which 
are explicitly aimed at transportation safety and safety promotion. 

The “Road transport” level-2 sub-category encapsulates road infrastructures (including 
bridges and tunnels).  

The “Rail transport” level-2 sub-category includes railways and subways construction, 
track, signalling systems, stations and other related infrastructures and rolling stock.  

The  “Air 
infrastructures and modernisation of air traffic control systems.  

level-2  sub-category 

transport” 

includes  modernisation  of  airport 

The  “Maritime  transport  and  Waterways” 
includes  port 
infrastructures,  but  also  Sea  and  Coastal  passenger  and  freight  water  and  Inland 
passenger water transport.  

level-2  sub-category 

The  “Other  transport”  level-2  sub-category  includes  multimodal  transport,  urban 
transport or cycle tracks, but also programmes related to transport efficiency. “Other 
transport”  also  allows  to  classify  mixed  transport  expenditures,  e.g.  those  financing 
multiple  types  of  transportation.  It  should  be  considered  during  the  interpretation  of 
data.  

2.3 Information and Communication Technologies 

The level-1 category for ICT only encapsulates ICT infrastructures, as it is the only level-
2 sub-category included. This choice was operated on the basis of the consideration that 
ICT are a key priority for the EU, but the same does not appear so clearly for the US 

52  European  Commission,  ‘Cohesion  Report:  Strategic  Report  2013,  Factsheet:  Innovation  and  RTD 

Investments’; OMB, ‘Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance’. 

53 European Commission, ‘Cohesion Report: Strategic Report 2013, Factsheet: Rail’; European Commission, 
‘Cohesion  Report:  Strategic  Report  2013,  Factsheet:  Road’;  European  Commission,  ‘Cohesion  Report: 
Strategic Report 2013, Factsheet: Other Transport’; OMB, ‘Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance’. 

15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
programmes54. Other ICT-related expenditures are included in other level-1 categories, 
such as Human Capital and Enterprises Support. 

2.4 Social infrastructures  

The “Social infrastructures” level-1 category includes assets that accommodate  social 
services, for instance medical facilities, schools, state or council housing. In particular, 
four  level-2  sub-categories  have  been  conceived:  Education  infrastructures,  Health 
infrastructures, Housing infrastructures and Other social infrastructures55.  

the  “Education 

Concerning 
includes 
expenditures  for  the  construction  and  renovation  of  education  buildings,  for  the 
education-related equipment provision and for the investment for training centres.  

level-2  sub-category, 

infrastructures” 

it 

The  “Health  infrastructures”  level-2  sub-category  encapsulates  the  investments  in 
building  and  restructuring  hospitals  and  primary  health  centres,  the  development  of 
multiple function infrastructure and the modernisation of equipment. 

The “Housing infrastructures” level-2 sub-category gathers measures related to social 
housing, or equivalent expenditures in the US. Any housing infrastructure which is not 
considered as social housing is excluded from the study, as well as housing subsidies or 
any kind of housing expenditures that can be considered as social benefits.  

The “Other social infrastructures” level-2 sub-category concerns investments related to 
the construction or renovation of buildings, such as community centres, migrant centres 
or community sport facilities.  

2.5 Human capital 

This notion covers the stock of knowledge, skills and abilities possessed by individuals 
in order to produce economic output. It was decided to classify investments within two 
level-2 sub-categories: “Education and training” and “Support to employment access”56.  

The “Education and training” level-2 sub-category includes expenditures related to the 
improvement  of  quality  and  networks  of  higher  education  institutions,  training 
programmes,  university  and  professional  training,  assistance  to  the  development  of 
human potential in R&D (scholarships to postgraduate studies). Moreover, it contains 
measures to increase participation in education and training throughout the life-cycle, 
including actions to promote access to high quality vocational and tertiary education and 
training,  measures  to  develop  employability  through  education  and  training,  support 
services to citizens, such as e-learning or e-inclusion. It excludes investments for pre-
school, primary and secondary education institutions, since EU Cohesion Policy does not 
fund these domains.  

54  European  Commission,  ‘Cohesion  Report:  Strategic  Report  2013,  Factsheet:  Information  and 

Communication Technologies’; OMB, ‘Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance’. 

55  European  Commission,  ‘Cohesion  Report:  Strategic  Report  2013,  Factsheet:  Social  Inclusion  and  Social 

Infrastructure’; OMB, ‘Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance’. 

56 European Commission, ‘Cohesion Report: Strategic Report 2013, Factsheet: Human Capital’; OMB, ‘Catalog 

of Federal Domestic Assistance’. 

16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
The “Support to employment access” level-2 sub-category encapsulates investments for 
training  and  services  to  foster  the  employees’  adaptability  to  change,  measures  to 
reduce discrimination and gender-based segregation in accessing the labour market.   

2.6 Enterprises support 

Only  one  level-2  sub-category  corresponds  to  the  level-1  category  “Enterprises 
support”,  namely  “Aids  to  enterprises”.  This  arrangement  was  necessary  to  allow  a 
single level-2 sub-category which is general enough to include the heterogeneous  EU 
and US investments in this field57. As a matter of fact, many US programmes are related 
to the support to small and disadvantaged businesses, ethnic minorities’ and veterans’ 
enterprises. In the EU, priorities aiming at helping disadvantaged/discriminated groups 
generally  have  a  human  capital  rather  than  a  purely  entrepreneurial  dimension. 
Therefore,  this  category  includes  investments  that  aim  at  providing  SMEs  and  large 
businesses with support services and applications, e.g. through improved use of ICT. It 
also  involves  measures  to  enhance  the  establishment  of  businesses  owned  by 
disadvantaged individuals. 

2.7 Natural Resources and Energy 

For the “Natural Resources and Energy” level-1 category, the choice was to elaborate a 
sectoral classification of expenditures, i.e. by energy source58. 

However,  the  “Electricity”  level-2  sub-category  was  specifically  conceived  for 
expenditures encapsulating distribution, generation and storage of electricity without a 
specification of the precise source of energy involved.  

Concerning  the  other  sub-categories,  they  gather  the  different  investments  in  fossil 
sources and renewable sources, being more detailed at level-3.  

The “Other sources of  energy” level-2 sub-category gathers measures related to coal 
and nuclear energy.  

2.8 Environment  

The  “Environment”  level-1  category  is  divided  into  four  sub-categories.  The  priorities 
were similar in the EU and the US59. 

Regarding  the  “Environmental  Quality  and  Pollution  Control”  level-2  sub-category,  it 
includes expenditures with a sectoral distribution: every level-3 category corresponds 

57 DG Regio, ‘Annex II: Categorisation of Funds Assistance for 2007-2013’; OMB, ‘Catalog of Federal Domestic 

Assistance’. 

58  European  Commission,  ‘Cohesion  Report:  Strategic  Report  2013,  Factsheet:  Energy’;  OMB,  ‘Catalog  of 

Federal Domestic Assistance’. 

59 European Commission, ‘Cohesion Report: Strategic Report 2013, Factsheet: Environment’; OMB, ‘Catalog 

of Federal Domestic Assistance’. 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
to  investments  in  a  different  domain  (“Air”,  “Water”,  “Land”,  “Waste”),  for  instance 
sewage treatment stations for “Water”. The “Integrated/mixed approach” level-3 sub-
category includes all the expenditures which combine a series of integrated actions in 
order to pursue the environmental quality of more than one of the previous elements at 
the same time.   

The  “Climate  change  action”  level-2  sub-category  involves  expenditures  aimed  at 
tackling and mitigating climate change.  

The  “Biodiversity/nature  protection”  level-2  sub-category  concerns  the  protection  of 
natural areas, lakes, maritime areas and of the fauna.  

The  “Environmental  risk  prevention”  level-2  sub-category  refers  to  funds  allocated  to 
risk  prevention  aimed  at  environmental  goals.  In  particular,  it  refers  to  natural  or 
industrial hazards that can endanger individuals and the environment. The definition of 
“prevention”  is  understood  as  any  measure  or  infrastructure  aiming  at  reducing  the 
likelihood  or  consequences  of  a  hazard.  It  can  refer  to  construction  work,  prevention 
activities and renovation of dangerous infrastructures. Sanitary risks prevention such as 
epidemics are not included in this sub-category because they are considered as health 
issues, therefore not belonging to the field of the study.  

2.9 Touristic and Cultural Development  

The “Touristic and Cultural Development” level-1 category corresponds to two different 
level-2 sub-categories. This category is mainly based on the EU priorities, as it is almost 
an absent objective for the US60. 

The  “Touristic  development  of  the  territory”  level-2  sub-category  includes  physical 
investments for the promotion and development of the tourism sector, e.g. information 
centres  or  congress  centres.  It  also  aims  at  territorial  marketing  activities,  such  as 
promotional activities, networking, conferences, trade fairs. Expenditures that support 
private initiatives related to tourism are also included. It also includes the expenditures 
which pursue the valorisation of natural assets.  

The “Cultural development of the territory” level-2 sub-category encapsulates measures 
to improve cultural services and infrastructures. In particular, it deals with investments 
in the construction, extension or recovery of cultural infrastructures, such as museums, 
libraries, archives, theatres, concert halls.   

2.10 Territorial Development  

The “Territorial development” level-1 category includes two level-2 sub-categories61.  

The  “Territorial  regeneration”  level-2  sub-category  concerns  territorial  renovation.  In 
particular,  it  encapsulates  investments  aimed  at  pursuing  integrated  renovation  of 

60 DG Regio, ‘Annex II: Categorisation of Funds Assistance for 2007-2013’; OMB, ‘Catalog of Federal Domestic 

Assistance’. 

61  European  Commission,  ‘Cohesion  Policy:  Strategic  Report  2013.  Factsheet:  Urban  and  Territorial 

Development’; OMB, ‘Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance’. 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
neighbourhoods, urban renewals of city centres or urban areas, park revitalisation and 
regeneration of former industrial sites.  

The “Aids to lagging territories” level-2 sub-category targets specific aids to territories 
facing negative conditions. It includes integrated investments in deprived territories in 
order to pursue economic regeneration and growth through the deployment of combined 
measures in different fields, such as business support, construction and renovation of 
infrastructures, investments in cultural issues or integrated urban development plans.  

3. TYPOLOGY APPLICATION  

Once  the  typology  was  finished,  it  was  possible  to  classify  EU  priorities  and  US 
programmes, in order to achieve a list of ESTI in both entities. 

3.1 Classification of EU priorities and US programmes 

See the Appendix for the typology applied to EU priorities and US programmes. 

From the list of the 86 EU priorities, some of them were excluded, since non relevant 
for the field of study. It is notably the case for expenditures in technical assistance.  

The extraction from the US database62 has given a long list of US programmes which 
had  to  be  selected  according  to  the  comparison  requirements.  The  selection  of  the 
pertinent  US  programmes  has  been  carried  out  thanks  to  the  consultation  of  the 
“Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance”. It is a website which gathers the programmes’ 
detailed  description  (objectives,  uses  and  use  restrictions,  eligibility  requirements)63. 
This selection of the US programmes has been carried out on the basis of certain choices, 
already  mentioned  in  the  previous  paragraphs.  In  case  a  US  programme  contained 
different  purposes  that  could  be  included  in  two  or  more  different  categories,  it  was 
decided to classify it according to the most relevant purpose. When a US programme at 
least  partially  involved  a  domain  that  is  excluded  from  the  field  of  study,  it  was  not 
taken into account.  

At  the  end  of  the  selection,  30%  of  the  total  number  of  initially  extracted  US 
programmes were relevant and considered as ESTI.  

Regarding  the  rest,  every  EU  priority  and  US  programme  has  been  classified  to  the 
pertinent category of level-1 and sub-categories of level-2 and -3. In order to do so, the 
corresponding codes of the typology were associated to every priority or programme.  

62 US Department of the Treasury, ‘Federal Grants Databases’. 
63 OMB, ‘Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance’. 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
3.2 Explicitly targeted territories  

The selected US programmes have been classified in the database according to another 
variable,  called  “Explicitly  targeted  territories”.  This  criterion  has  been  integrated  in 
order to evaluate what part of the considered total expenditures are investments with a 
precise territorial target by policy design. This characteristic is automatic for EU priorities 
because all Cohesion Policy funds are territorially targeted per definition, as they are all 
encapsulated in territorialised Operational Programmes. It must be noted that the notion 
of “explicitly targeted territory” is distinct from the geolocalisation information available 
for an expenditure. Indeed, an expenditure can be traced geographically even if it does 
not explicitly target a territory by design.  

In  order  to  determine  if  a  US  programme  was  to  be  considered  explicitly  territorially 
targeted, its description in the “Catalogue of Domestic Federal Assistance” was taken 
into account. If the description precisely indicated the name of the targeted territory, at 
any  scale,  the  programme  was  included  in  this  category.  In  particular,  it  related  to 
programmes addressed to natural parks with a specifically enounced name, to precisely 
named places (e.g. Alaska city of Juneau), to territories affected by enounced natural 
disasters (e.g. Katrina) and to specifically enounced public institutions (e.g. University 
of Washington, Gallaudet Institute). However, programmes which referred to a “type” 
of  territory  (e.g.  rural  territory/Indian  lands…)  were  not  considered  as  explicitly 
territorially targeted because too imprecise. Moreover, programmes targeting a minority 
were  not  included  in  this  category,  since  they  addressed  individuals  rather  than 
territories  per  se  (e.g.  Native  Hawaiian  Institutions  Assisting  Communities).  Few  US 
programmes  explicitly  target  territories,  however  geolocalisation  information  for  US 
ESTI is widely available because of the high quality of US data. 

With  the  typology  done  and  applied  to  EU  and  US  expenditures,  the  creation  of  a 
database for ESTI is possible. 

4. ESTI DATABASE DEVELOPMENT 

In  order  to  test  the  research  questions  of  the  study,  the  construction  of  an  ad  hoc 
database was  required. Indeed, no database encapsulating the required expenditures 
was available prior to this analysis.  

The created database features all the expenditures matching the study criteria, both in 
the  EU  and  the  US,  i.e.  investments  which  would  be  covered  by  EU  Cohesion  Policy 
whose  amounts  are  transferred  from  the  EU/US  Federal  State  to  lower  levels  of 
government  during  the  2007-2013  period  (ESTI).  The  elaborated  typology  and  its 
application  to  the  EU  and  US  expenditures  allow  the  realisation  of  a  comprehensive 
database.  

The developed methodology is exposed in details in order to ensure reproducibility of 
the study results.  

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4.1 Data sources 

One of the first steps to realise the ESTI database for the study was to spot the original 
EU and US databases that could provide the relevant information. The extent and the 
quality of the available data was then to be assessed in order to ensure the validity of 
the created database. 

More information regarding the source databases is summarised in the following table. 

Table 2. Presentation of data sources. 

EU 

US 

Data sources 

The  data  sources  are  provided 
by  the  DGs  involved  in  EU 
Cohesion  Policy  (DG  Regio  and 
DG Empl)64. 

For  the  ERDF  and  the  CF,  the 
data  source  is  the  “Database  of 
the  cumulative  allocations  to 
selected 
and 
expenditure at NUTS2”.  

projects 

For  the  ESF,  the  data  source  is 
provided  by  the  DG  Empl  but 
only at the Member States level.  

is 

source 

The  data 
the  US 
Department  of  the  Treasury,  on 
USAspending.gov65.  The  download 
centre  of  the  website  allowed  the 
extraction  of  all  federal  grants  to 
State  and  Local  governments  (as 
prime  recipients),  for  all  funding 
Agencies. Fiscal years from 2006 to 
2013  were  downloaded,  in  order  to 
compile the allocation dates ranging 
from 01/01/2007 to 31/12/2013.   

Type of data 

The data is provided in allocated 
amounts.  It  is  expressed  in 
millions  of  euros,  as  current 
prices.  Yearly  transactions  are 
not available, as the database is 
only 
(2007-2013 
cumulative 
total allocations).  

The  data  is  provided  in  federal 
obligations amounts. It is expressed 
in  US  dollars,  as  current  prices. 
Yearly transactions are available, as 
each  individual  transfer  from  the 
Federal  government  is  recorded  in 
the database.  

The data is sorted by the 86 EU 
priorities.  

is 

The  data 
sorted  by  US 
programmes, codified in the Catalog 
of  Federal  Domestic  Assistance 
(CFDA).  

also 

data 

The 
includes 
decommissions  of  funds,  but  in 
relatively  small  proportions  (6%  of 
the  value  of  relevant  allocations 
during the 2007-2013 period)66.  

64  DG  Regio,  ‘Database  of  the  Cumulative  Allocations  to  Selected  Projects  and  Expenditure  at  NUTS2’;  DG 

Empl, ‘Database of ESF Allocations 2007-2013’. 

65 US Department of the Treasury, ‘Federal Grants Databases’. 
66 Ibid. 

21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
Data quality 

Every  transaction  in  the  source 
database  is  geolocalised  (at  the 
NUTS 2 or Member State level). 

transactions 

not 
Some 
geolocalised, but they represent less 
than  1%  of  allocated  funds  during 
the 2007-2013 period.  

are 

experts 

Data  quality  was  checked  by 
national 
the 
European  Commission,  notably 
by  using  comparisons  between 
their respective sources67. 

and 

to 

According 
the  US  Federal 
government,  97.7%  of  transactions 
recorded  during 
the  2009-2014 
period are complete and 94.97% are 
accurate. The methodology for these 
statistics 
the  comparison  of 
recorded  amounts  in  the  database 
and contracts amounts possessed by 
the  Federal  government.  Primary 
source of error is thought to be user 
input68. 

is 

Sources: DG Empl, DG Regio, US Department of the Treasury, Authors’ calculation 

Thanks  to  these  databases  that  feature  an  acceptable  quality  level,  it  is  possible  to 
design the ESTI database for this study.  

4.2 Design and assumptions  

In order to  challenge  the research questions of the study, the database must include 
several elements. The goal of the database is to present all the relevant expenditures 
(ESTI),  sorted  out  by  period,  place,  and  typology  categories.  Other  important 
information to be included is the fact that expenditures can explicitly target a specific 
territory, the recipient type and the funding source. 

Obviously, the available data from the original databases represents a constraint for the 
possibilities  of  the  study  database.  So  the  design  of  the  database  is  conceived 
accordingly. 

More precisely, the ESTI database is designed to include the variables exposed in the 
following table. 

67 European Commission, ‘Geography of Expenditure. Final Report Work Package 13. Ex Post Evaluation of 
Cohesion Policy Programmes 2007-2013, Focusing on the European Development Fund (ERDF) and the 
Cohesion Fund (CF)’. 

68  US  Department  of  the  Treasury,  ‘Federal  Government  Procurement  Data  Quality  Summary.  Fiscal  Year 

2014. For Agency Data in the Federal Procurement Data System’. 

22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
Table 3. List of variables in the ESTI database. 

Variable 

Description 

ent  

This variable specifies the entity where the expenditures occur (EU or US). 

ter_1  

ter_2 

time 

exp_tar 

lvl_1 

lvl_2 

lvl_3 

fund_x 

fund_all 

This variable specifies the highest available level of government where the 
expenditures occur. It corresponds to the Member States for the  EU and 
the US States for the US.   

This  variable  specifies  the  lower  available  place  where  the  expenditures 
occur. It is only relevant for the EU (NUTS 2 regions, 2006 definition).   

This variable indicates the time period of the expenditures. It corresponds 
to allocation dates during the 2007-2013 period. For the US, yearly data 
is available, while for the EU the data is only available for the entire period. 

This  variable  indicates  whether  the  territory  where  the  selected 
expenditures occur is explicitly targeted by the policy. By definition, it is 
always the case for EU Cohesion Policy, as Operational Programmes always 
focus  on  a  territory.  For  the  US,  an  expenditure  is  considered  explicitly 
targeted if the federal grant describes a specific location.  

This variable refers to the typology of expenditures. The level-1 is the most 
aggregated level. Each category is represented by a code from 1 to 10.   

This variable refers to the typology of expenditures. A level-2 category is 
a subpart of a level-1 category.  The first number of the code is the parent 
level-1 category. A specific digit is then added to form the level-2 code.    

This variable refers to the typology of expenditures. The level-3 is the most 
detailed scale of the typology. Each level-3 category is represented by a 
level-2  code  to  which  a  specific  single  digit  number  is  added.    Some 
categories do not have any detailed level-3 category, so a “0” is juxtaposed 
after the level-2 code.   

This  variable  indicates  if  the  selected  expenditure  is  at  least  partially 
funded  by  "x".  "x"  is  declined  for  each  possible  funding  source.  The 
possible values are “Yes” if fund “x” is involved or “No” otherwise.  

This  variable  specifies  the  list  of  all  funding  sources  financing  the 
considered  expenditures.  It  aggregates  the  relevant  information  of  all 
previous "fund_x". It provides no information on the relative share of each 
funding source.  

typ_x 

This  variable  indicates  if  the  relevant  allocation  from  the  EU/US  Federal 
State is given to a specific type of government. "x" is declined to adapt to 
the different contexts.  

typ_all 

This variable provides the full list of government types that receive parts 
of the relevant allocation from the higher level of government.  

cml_am 

This variable represents the cumulative allocation of funds granted by the 
EU/US Federal government for this territory and typology category during 
the 2007-2013 period. It is expressed in millions of the local currency. It 
is used to compute shares and ratios.  

23 

 
 
yrl_am 

This  variable  represents  the  yearly  allocation  of  funds  granted  by  the 
EU/US Federal government for this territory and typology category during 
the 2007-2013 period. It is an average of the cumulative allocation, except 
in the US States yearly tab, where it refers to the actual yearly allocation. 
It  is  expressed  in  millions  of  the  local  currency.  It  is  used  to  compute 
shares and ratios.  

cml_am_c
o 

It corresponds to the cml_am variable, converted to millions of euros. It 
is only relevant for the US. Its aim is to provide a rough estimate and not 
to be a precise sum. It is not used to compute the following shares.  

yrl_am_co  It corresponds to the yrl_am variable, converted to millions of euros. It is 
only relevant for the US. Its aim is to provide a rough estimate and not to 
be a precise sum. It is not used to compute the following shares.  

sh_gdp 

This  variable  shows  in  percentage  the  average  yearly  allocation  for  a 
transaction  (yrl_am),  compared  to  the  average  yearly  GDP  of  the 
EU27/US.   

sh_yte 

It represents the share of the average yearly allocation (yrl_am) compared 
to the total yearly expenditures considered in this study.   

sh_locgdp 

It represents the share of the average yearly allocation (yrl_am) compared 
to the average GDP of the territory (NUTS 2, Member State or US State) 
that benefits from the allocation, during the 2007-2013 period. 

Sources: DG Regio, DG Empl, US Department of the Treasury, Authors’ calculation. 

Several methodological choices must be made to ensure the creation of the database: 

  Period and type of amounts 

Firstly, the database features the allocated expenditures. The EU databases provide also 
the  actual  expenditures.  However,  this  information  is  not  available  for  the  US.  As  a 
consequence, a way to ensure comparability is to focus on allocation dates during  the 
2007-2013 period. For the US, it implies to select only transactions with obligation dates 
ranging from 01/01/2007 to 31/12/2013. Moreover, the focus on allocations allows to 
consider  only  the  policy  mechanisms  and  not  the  capacities  of  lower  levels  of 
government to actually consume the granted resources.  

  Territorial extension 

Secondly, the territorial framework of the database must be exposed.   

For  the  EU,  it  was  decided  to  exclude  Croatia  for  the  study  for  two  main  reasons: 
because of its recent accession to the Member State status and because of the corollary 

24 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
low  rate  of  EU  Cohesion  funds  absorption69.  Other  NUTS  2,  including  the  outermost 
regions, and Member States are considered in the database. A critical assumption for 
the  geolocalisation  of  expenditures  was  to  assign  crossborder  programmes  to  their 
administrative region.  

For  the  US,  the  50  US  States,  the  District  of  Columbia  and  the  main  US  overseas 
territories  are  included.  However,  associated  States,  such  as  Palau,  are  not  selected 
because of their specific relationship with the Federal government.  

  Currency 

Considering  the  allocated  amounts,  they  are  standardised  in  millions  of  the  local 
currencies.  Then,  shares, notably of  GDP, can  be computed in order to ensure easier 
comparisons without facing conversion issues.  

4.3 Procedure 

The procedure for the realisation of the ESTI database is declined to adapt to EU or US 
particularities. However, the underlying principles are the same. Once the quality and 
the  validity  of  the  original  databases  checked,  the  original  EU  priorities  and  US 
programmes  are  recoded  using  the  elaborated  typology.  As  a  consequence,  they  are 
presented  with  the  same  classification  system.  The  selected  expenditures  are  then 
aggregated  by  place  and  typology  category.  Finally,  the  selected  expenditures  are 
unified into a single database.  

4.3.1 EU data 

Two  levels  are  available  for  the  EU:  NUTS  2  regions  (without  the  ESF)  and  Member 
States (with the ESF).  

4.3.1.1 EU NUTS 2 

For the EU, the initial database is available at the NUTS 2 level for the ERDF and the CF. 
This level allows to consider regions for their characteristics beyond political borders, as 
NUTS regions are statistical units. ESF allocations are not available at the NUTS 2 level. 
Given  the  methodology  of  realisation  of  the  source  database,  no  missing  value  is 
detected.  Also,  there  is  no  apparent  aberrant  value,  with  the  largest  transfer 
representing less than 0.01% of EU27 GDP.  

69  Katsarova,  ‘The  (Low)  Absorption  of  EU  Structural  Funds’;  DG  Regio,  ‘Cohesion  Policy  Data  -  Total 

Percentage of Available Funds Paid Out by the Commission 2007-2013’. 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
First,  a  column  for  each  variable  is  created.  Then,  the  expenditures  are  coded  by 
category  level  using  the  typology.  It  allows  the  expenditures  to  be  sorted  out  by 
typology category. There is no expenditure which is not covered by the typology. There 
are  40  categories  in  the  typology:  thus,  40  corresponding  lines  are  created  for  each 
NUTS  2.  Then,  conditional  sums  are  computed  in  order  to  assign  all  expenditures 
corresponding to a NUTS 2 – level-3 category pair. 

Once  this  classification  done,  Croatia  (HR)  and  the  excluded  expenditures  (category 
code 0) are dropped out. The total allocated amount (without  Croatia and 0s) is EUR 
295,957 million.  

The  excluded  expenditures  are  extracted  in  a  specific  file.  They  represent  2%  of  the 
expenditures  matching  formal  criteria  (place,  date,  Cohesion  Policy  mechanisms)  but 
belonging to the 0 category.  

Then, it is straightforward to compute the yearly average, i.e. the cumulative allocation 
divided by seven.  

Using array formulas, the funding source can be detected (ERDF, CF, ERDF+CF), for all 
NUTS 2 – level-3 category pairs. Other information is given by definition of Cohesion 
Policy (the recipient is always a Member State and each territory is explicitly targeted 
by its corresponding Operational Programme). 

4.3.1.2 EU Member States 

Once  the  information  is  compiled  at  the  EU  NUTS  2  level,  it  becomes  possible  to 
aggregate it at the Member State level. In this case, the addition of the ESF, which is 
only geolocalised at the Member State level, is possible.  

The  ESF  database  is  also  completely  geolocalised  and  with  no  apparent  aberrant 
amounts. The largest transaction represents 0.03% of EU27 GDP. The expenditures are 
coded by category level using the elaborated typology. There is no expenditure which is 
not covered by the typology. The previous NUTS 2 ERDF and CF source database is then 
fused  with  the  ESF  database.  A  line  is  created  for  each  pair  Member  State  –  level-3 
category. As a consequence, it is possible to compute a conditional sum for each line, 
including both the ERDF/CF and the ESF.  

Once this classification done, Croatia (HR) and the excluded expenditures (which belong 
to the category code 0) are dropped out. The total allocated amount (without Croatia 
and 0s) is EUR 369,384 million. The excluded expenditures are extracted in a specific 
file.  They  represent  3%  of  the  expenditures  matching  formal  criteria  (place,  date, 
Cohesion Policy mechanisms).  

Then, it is straightforward to compute the yearly average, i.e. the cumulative allocation 
divided by 7.  

Using array formulas, the funding source can be detected (ERDF, CF, ERDF+CF, ESF), 
for all Member State – level-3 category pairs. Other information is given by definition of 
Cohesion Policy (the recipient is always a Member State and each territory is explicitly 
targeted by its corresponding Operational Programme). 

After these steps, the EU data is ready to be included in a unified database. 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
4.3.2 US data 

The US data provides detailed information on individual transactions from the Federal 
government to lower levels of government. It should be noted that the US expenditures 
are  extracted  independently  of  the  GDP  per  capita  of  the  beneficiary  territory.  Thus, 
results should be interpreted with extreme caution. It is justified by the fact that there 
is no policy mechanism connecting ESTI allocations to GDP per capita in the US. 

Data is extracted by fiscal year. For convenience and consistency reasons, the first step 
is to regroup the data by actual obligation date, which corresponds to an allocation date 
(decision by the relevant Federal Agency). Thus, seven new files are created, one for 
each year. The data is processed for each year, using the same method. 

Obligation dates are checked to ensure that no expenditure outside the time period is 
selected.  All  the  considered  obligations  dates  are  in  the  2007-2013  range.  The 
expenditures are coded by category level using the elaborated typology. The amounts, 
which are considered for the study, are the obligated federal amounts. Errors in places 
are  checked,  i.e.  the  state_recipient_code  with  null  or  meaningless  values.  Errors  in 
recipient type are also checked, i.e. recipient_type with null or meaningless values.  

The spotted errors are reported in the following table. 

Table 4. Data errors  (expenditures missing place and/or recipient)  in the US 
federal grants database.  

Year 

Place error 

Recipient error 

2007 

2008 

2009 

2010 

2,363 
transactions,  mostly 
outside the US (representing USD 
3,051,912,655,  that  is  to  say 
0.7% of selected 2007 grants) 

127  transactions  (all  classified  as 
“other” in the recipient category type 
and  representing  USD  58,045,675,  
that is to say 0.01% of selected 2007 
grants) 

transactions,  mostly 
2,686 
outside the US (representing USD 
3,937,255,601,  that  is  to  say 
0.9% of selected grants) 

109  transactions  (all  classified  as 
“other” in the recipient category type 
and  representing  USD  130,860,604, 
that  is  to  say  0.03%  of  selected 
grants) 

7,332 
transactions,  mostly 
outside the US (representing USD 
4,590,876,732,  that  is  to  say 
0.7% of selected grants) 

99  transactions  (all  classified  as 
“other” in the recipient category type 
and  representing  USD  13,179,807, 
that  is  to  say  0.002%  of  selected 
grants) 

transactions,  mostly 
8,868 
outside the US (representing USD 
4,735,602,745,  that  is  to  say 
0.7% of selected grants) 

No recipient type error for 2010.  

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
2011 

2012 

2013 

transactions,  mostly 
6,497 
outside the US (representing  USD 
5,257,948,061,  that  is  to  say 
0.9% of selected grants) 

6,475 
transactions,  mostly 
outside the US (representing USD 
5,142,454,155, that is to say 1% 
of selected grants) 

No recipient type error for 2011. 

No recipient type error for 2012. 

transactions,  mostly 
6,975 
outside the US (representing USD 
5,292,410,925,  that  is  to  say 
0.9% of selected grants) 

No recipient type error for 2013. 

Source: US Department of the Treasury, Authors’ calculation 

The previous errors are of limited scope, therefore it is possible to drop them without 
major consequence. Relevant places (US States, DC and territories) and recipient types 
(State  government,  County  government,  City  or  township  government  and  Special 
district government) are kept, while the others are dropped.  

In  doing  so,  the  only  remaining  expenditures  are  matching  formal  criteria  (amounts 
transferred from the Federal level to State and local governments located in the selected 
places during the 2007-2013 period). 

Then, the remaining transactions are checked to ensure that they all feature a typology 
code. In case of missing typology code (meaning that the relevant expenditures lack a 
CFDA  description),  there  is  a  typology  error.  The  spotted  errors  are  included  in  the 
following table. 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table  5.  Data  errors  (expenditures  not  classified  in  the  typology)  in  the  US 
federal grants database. 

Year 

Typology error 

2007 

2008 

2009 

2010 

2011 

2012 

2013 

9  transactions  without  a  typology  code.  They  only  refer  to  rural 
development and they represent USD -1,716,449 (only decommissions, 
0.001% of the selected expenditures) 

6  transactions  without  a  typology  code.  They  only  refer  to  rural 
development  and  they  represent  USD  -919,836    (only  decommissions, 
0.0003% of the selected expenditures) 

52  transactions  without  a  typology  code.  They  mainly  refer  to  rural 
development/agriculture  issues  and  they  represent  USD  34,694,128 
(0.005% of the selected expenditures) 

70  transactions  without  a  typology  code.  They  mainly  refer  to  rural 
development/agriculture/housing 
issues  and  they  represent  USD 
101,642,150  (0.02% of the selected expenditures) 

70  transactions  without  a  typology  code.  They  mainly  refer  to  rural 
development/agriculture/administrative/early education issues and they 
represent USD 464,237,144  (0.1% of the selected expenditures) 

106  transactions  without  a  typology  code.  They  mainly  refer  to  rural 
development/agriculture/early education issues and they represent USD 
212,751,369 (0.05% of the selected expenditures) 

973  transactions  without  a  typology  code.  They  mainly  refer  to  rural 
development/agriculture/health 
represent  USD 
19,176,461,216 (4% of the selected expenditures) 

issues  and 

they 

Source: US Department of the Treasury, Authors’ calculation 

So  overall,  expenditures  which  are  not  covered  by  the  typology  represent  limited 
amounts, even if it is possible to note a rising tendency across the years. However, they 
are  mostly  focused  on  the  excluded  expenditures,  notably  health  or  agriculture. 
Therefore, these typology errors can be safely excluded.  

Then, the share of decommissions or cancellation (negative amounts) compared to the 
allocations (positive amounts) must be computed. If this share is relatively small, the 
negative  amounts  can  be  excluded  without  major  consequence.  As  a  matter  of  fact, 
these decommissions or cancellations are adjustments of allocations decided during the 
previous periods, so they are not considered a key element of the study. The share of 
negative amounts compared to positive amounts is presented in the following table. 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table  6.  Decommissions  of  funds  as  share  of  allocations  of  funds  in  the  US 
database. 

Year 

2007 

2008 

2009 

2010 

2011 

2012 

2013 

amounts 

Negative 
adjustments)  as 
amounts (allocations)  

(decommissions, 
share  of  positive 

1% 

6% 

5% 

6% 

8% 

9% 

7% 

Source: US Department of the Treasury, Authors’ calculation 

To  sum  up,  negative  amounts  represent  a  relatively  small  share  of  positive  ones,  so 
they can be excluded. The rising trend can be explained by the intensive allocations that 
occurred to deal with the 2008 crisis.  

Thus, at this point, the data for each year includes the selected places and recipients, 
and it includes only the positive federal obligated amounts that are coded according to 
the typology.  

The next step is to extract the excluded expenditures (0 codes). They are regrouped in 
a  specific  file,  which  is  also  available  (Excluded  expenditures.xlsx).  For  the  US,  the 
excluded expenditures represent a very large share of the expenditures matching formal 
criteria  (place,  date,  recipient,  mechanisms).  It  can  be  explained  by  the  weight  of 
healthcare  and  other  social  expenditures.  The  share  of  excluded  expenditures  is 
summarised in the following table. 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table 7. Share of excluded expenditures in all federal grants matching formal 
criteria.  

Year 

2007 

2008 

2009 

2010 

2011 

2012 

2013 

Share  of  excluded  expenditures  in  all 
federal grants matching formal criteria 

60% 

81% 

78% 

79% 

83% 

81% 

81% 

Source: US Department of the Treasury, Authors’ calculation 

Overall, 79% of the potential expenditures are excluded because they are not matching 
content criteria. It is mainly social and healthcare expenditures. Once this process done, 
the data is aggregated to create the yearly and cumulative databases.  

4.3.2.1 Yearly US database 

The  yearly  files  are  fused  into  a  single  one,  which,  consequently,  features  all  the 
considered transactions.  

Checks  are  conducted  to  spot  potential  errors.  Internal  consistency  (date,  place, 
recipient, typology codes) is conserved. The considered amounts are compared to the 
US  GDP  to  spot  discrepancies.  The  share  fluctuates  between  0%  and  0.015%  of  the 
GDP.  The  unique  transaction  identification  number  provided  by  the  US  database  is 
checked  to  ensure  that  some  transactions  are  not  shown  multiple  times.  The  test 
revealed  that  it  is  not  the  case.  Thus,  the  database  can  be  realised.  There  are  40 
categories in the typology and 7 years in the  period,  so 40  x 7 = 280 corresponding 
lines are created for each US territory. Then, conditional sums are computed in order to 
assign  all  expenditures  corresponding  to  a  US  territory  –  level-3  category  –  year 
combination.  These  conditional  sums  are  divided  by  1.000.000  to  show  amounts  in 
millions of dollars.  

A special column is created to convert roughly these amounts in millions of euros. The 
used exchange rates are presented in the following table. 

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Table 8. Average EUR/USD exchange rates during the 2007-2013 period.  

Year 

2007 

2008 

2009 

2010 

2011 

2012 

2013 

Yearly average value of one dollar in euros 

0.730785 

0.683075 

0.719039 

0.754908 

0.718836 

0.778296 

0.753045 

Sources: USFOREX, Authors’ calculation 

Using array formulas, it is possible to detect the funding source, the recipient type and 
the explicit target of territories. 

For the funding sources, 31 agencies are detected (maj_agency_cat). But some funding 
sources  are  different  just  because  of  spelling  differences,  e.g.  “EDUCATION, 
DEPARTMENT  OF” and  “Department of Education”. So these identical funding sources 
must be fused. Moreover, no name of agency is provided for the “397,791667” code, 
but it corresponds to the Delta Regional Authority, as shown by the agency description 
variable. The total number of funding sources (Federal Agencies) is finally 23.  

4.3.2.2 Unified 2007-2013 US database  

Using the yearly database, it is possible to realise a cumulative database on the 2007-
2013 period for the US. The method is exactly the same. 

Differences include the existence of a cumulative amount column, which features the 
total  allocated  amounts  during  the  2007-2013  period.  Therefore,  the  yearly  amount 
column represents an average in this case. 

4.3.3 Finalised ESTI database 

Finally,  all  the  realised  databases  are  fused  into  a  single  ESTI  database.  The 
presentation is unified to ensure consistency. Moreover, some columns are created to 
present  shares  of  GDP  and  of  budget,  in  order  to  ensure  comparability  between  the 
different entities.  

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The GDP of the EU27 is provided by Eurostat70. 

Table 9. Average EU27 GDP during the 2007-2013 period. 

Year 

2007 

2008 

2009 

2010 

2011 

2012 

2013 

GDP (EUR million) 

EUR 12,870,706 million 

EUR 12,946,850 million 

EUR 12,209,706 million 

EUR 12,748,536 million 

EUR 13,134,782 million 

EUR 13,387,823 million 

EUR 13,504,649 million 

2007-2013 average 

EUR 12,971,864 million 

Source: Eurostat, Authors’ calculation 

The GDP of the US is provided by the BEA71. 

Table 10. Average US GDP during the 2007-2013 period.  

Year 

2007 

2008 

2009 

2010 

2011 

2012 

2013 

GDP (USD million) 

USD 14,477,600 million 

USD 14,718,600 million 

USD 14,418,700 million 

USD 14,964,400 million 

USD 15,517,900 million 

USD 16,155,300 million  

USD 16,663,200 million 

2007-2013 average 

USD 15,273,671 million  

Source: BEA, Authors’ calculation 

70 Eurostat, ‘GDP and Main Components (Output, Expenditure and Income)’. 
71 US Department of Commerce, ‘Table 1.1.5. Gross Domestic Product’. 

33 

 
 
 
 
  
                                                 
The total budget of the study is the sum of all ESTI. It allows the study of repartition of 
ESTI within each entity.  

For the EU27, it is different between the NUTS2 and the Member States, because of the 
data availability of the ESF. 

Table 11. ESTI budget in the EU during the 2007-2013 period. 

ESTI budget (NUTS 2) – excluding the ESF  ESTI  budget  (EU  Member  States)  – 

including the ESF 

EUR 295,957 million (cumulative) 

EUR 369,384 million (cumulative) 

EUR 42,280 million (yearly average) 

EUR 52,769 million (yearly average) 

Sources: DG Regio, DG Empl, Authors’ calculation 

For the US, the total ESTI budget is available by year. 

Table 12. ESTI budget in the US during the 2007-2013 period. 

Year 

2007 

2008 

2009 

2010 

2011 

2012 

2013 

ESTI budget (US States) 

USD 73,162 million 

USD 74,014 million 

USD 139,236 million 

USD 121,084 million 

USD 88,792 million 

USD 88,896 million 

USD 93,320 million 

2007-2013 

USD 678,505 million (cumulative) 

USD 96,929 million (yearly average) 

Source: BEA, Authors’ calculation 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The GDP of NUTS 2, Member States and US States are also used to compute a specific 
ratio72. 

Despite  all  the  precautions  taken  in  order  to  establish  the  database,  some 
methodological limits remain. They will be exposed in the next section. 

5. LIMITS OF THE STUDY 

The aim of the methodology, through all the dispositions presented before, is to reduce 
the potential biases.  However, some limits should be considered and taken into account 
even though they do not contravene the coherence of the results. Limits can be of two 
kinds. Firstly, they are linked to the differences between the EU and the US. Then, they 
are related to the technical choices made for this study. 

 5.1 Limits of the comparability 

5.1.1 ESTI definition 

The comparability of the two entities is the main constraint of the study. Each choice 
and methodological selection is the result of a will to take into account this constraint. 
Indeed, the comparison between these two different entities inevitably contains some 
limits, which mainly concern the equivalency and the comparability of the two models. 
The study aims at comparing the ESTI in the EU and in the US. The issue is to find the 
equivalent nature of these investments in the two models. However, because of their 
institutional differences, some choices remain open to debate. 

ESTI for the EU correspond by definition to the investments funded by Cohesion Policy 
in  2007-2013.  In  the  US,  there  is  no  overarching  structure  supporting  ESTI,  nor 
institutionalised regional policy73. De facto, ESTI are diluted among the federal grants. 
It inevitably leads to a selection of US programmes corresponding to priorities funded 
by Cohesion Policy. However, the main limit which can be highlighted for this study is 
that some US ESTI could have been conducted by other EU policies than EU Cohesion 
policy. It is related to the fact that EU Cohesion Policy mainly targets the less developed 
regions74,  while  the  US  does  not  have  this  mechanism,  thus  making  it  impossible  to 
unselect US investments that would have been conducted outside Cohesion Policy in the 
EU.  Even  if  it  concerns  a  small  share  of  the  programmes,  this  has  to  be  taken  into 
consideration. Indeed, it could change the scope of the budget of the two models and 
refine  the  conclusions  of  the  study.  It  must  also  be  noted  that  EU  Cohesion  Policy 
dedicates 16% of its budget during the 2007-2013 period to the more developed regions 
through the regional competitiveness and employment objective75. 

This limit is mainly linked to an overall reflection on the definition of ESTI. The scope of 
this research focuses on the investments made by Cohesion Policy, whereas others EU 

72 US Department of Commerce, ‘Regional Data. GDP & Personal Income’. 
73 OECD, Regional Development Policies in OECD Countries. 
74 EU Regional Policy, Cohesion Policy 2007-13. 
75 Ibid. 

35 

 
 
 
 
  
 
  
                                                 
policies also tackle Economic, Social, and Territorial development and affect territories 
in these fields. For instance, Common Agricultural Policy, representing EUR 58 billion76, 
is not integrated in the study. Some investments of the CAP targeting the  Economic, 
Social and Environmental development in the countryside and mainly its programmes 
for  rural  development  could  have  been  considered.  Moreover,  the  exclusion  of  the 
European Maritime and Fisheries Fund (EMFF), representing EUR 4.3 billion77 in the EU 
budget  during  the  2007-2013  period,  is  also  questionable.  Thus,  future  studies  may 
take a more holistic approach and consider other EU policies to perfectly match the US 
model.        

Thus, the limits linked to ESTI definition primarily stem from the fact that there is no 
overarching and institutionalised regional policy in the US. 

 5.1.2 Level of development threshold 

EU Cohesion policy allocations take into account the differences of GDP PPP per capita 
between  territories  by  favouring  the  less  developed  regions78.  However,  this  variable 
has  not  been  considered  for  the  extraction  of  the  expenditures  targeting  US  States 
because  such  mechanism  does  not  exist  in  the  US  model.  Thus,  US  ESTI  have  been 
selected independently of the GDP PPP per capita of US territories. This element has to 
be considered because it creates a bias for the comparison of the two entities. Indeed, 
the US ESTI are not the pure equivalent of a regional policy, because these investments 
also target very developed regions.  

5.2 Limits related to technical choices 

The elaborated methodology has been built to limit as much as possible the different 
biases which could occur. However, some technical choices of the methodology have to 
be highlighted in order to reveal the hypothetical distortions that they could create.  

5.2.1 Specificity of the temporal framework  

Firstly, the period of the study is likely to impact its conclusions. Indeed, these presented 
conclusions are based on the 2007-2013 period. However, this period is impacted by 
important particularities. Indeed, US ESTI allocations for 2007-2013 have been used by 
the  US  Federal  State  to  tackle  the  recession  of  2008.  For  that  reason,  ESTI  in  2009 
doubled because of the ARRA (American Recovery and Reinvestment Act), impulsed by 
the  Federal  government79.  This  large  stimulus  package  has  increased  the  share  of 
investments dedicated to Economic, Social and Territorial Development and can be seen 
as  a  distortion  for  the  EU/US  budgetary  comparison.  Moreover,  rationales  and 

76 European Commission, ‘EU Agriculture Spending Focused on Results’. 
77  European  Commission,  ‘Fonds  Européen  Pour  La  Pêche  (FEP)  (2007-2013)  -  Pêche  -  Commission 

Européenne’. 

78 Osterloh, ‘The Fiscal Consequences of EU Cohesion Policy after 2013’. 
79 CBO, ‘Federal Investment’. 

36 

 
 
      
  
  
 
 
 
 
                                                 
territorialisation of the investments impulsed under the Stimulus Package might differ 
from the previous ESTI and from other investments80. Especially, territorial targeting of 
US ESTI might be altered by the stimulus package. Infrastructures are also likely to be 
overrepresented  due  to  the  stimulus  package.  Thus,  appreciations  of  the  results 
presented by the study need to take into account the effect of this stimulus package as 
a particular element of the given period that could represent a bias for the comparison. 

5.2.2 Allocated expenditures 

The adopted methodological choices imply the selection of allocated expenditures and 
not of the actual expenditures. Indeed, actual expenditures are not available for the US 
programmes.  Thus,  to  ensure  comparability,  the  programmes  selection  focuses  on 
transactions  ranging  from  01/01/2007  to  31/12/2013.  However,  this  choice  does  not 
encapsulate the capacity of lower levels of government to actually consume the granted 
resources.  In  the  EU,  allocated  expenditures  are  usually  a  good  proxy  for  actual 
expenditures, as absorption rates tend to be high81. However, it can be problematic for 
areas with lower absorption rates, such as Greece. Absorption rates are also not directly 
available  for  US  States.  Future  studies  may  attempt  to  develop  a  methodology  to 
estimate them.  

5.2.3 Comparison scale 

Furthermore, the appreciation of the conclusions advanced by the study has to take into 
account  the  different  scale  effects  which  could  occur.  The  level  of  precision  of  the 
territories targeted by ESTI in the US is not fully optimal. The lack of precise data of 
acceptable quality has impeded the study to consider US territories below the US States 
level.  This  can  lead  to  a  distortion  of  geographical  effects  for  the  US.  A  study  at  the 
Counties scale would have been more representative of the reality of the geographical 
distribution,  mainly  because  of  the  large  disparities  coexisting  within  each  State.  For 
instance,  California  concentrates  the  richest  metropolitan  areas  but  also  some  of  the 
least  developed82.  Thus,  the  results  should  be  interpreted  considering  the  territorial 
limits induced and it should pave the way for conducting more small-scale studies. 

Thus, the limits presented in this section do not contravene the coherence of this study. 
They have to be considered as keys to understand the conclusions and they should help 
to appreciate the comparison in a larger perspective. This first comparative study paves 
the way for additional in-depth analysis in the future.  

Robustness checks confirming the consistency of the ESTI database are exposed in the 
appendix. Using the developed database, the comparative analysis can be conducted. 

80  Feyrer  and  Sacerdote,  ‘Did  the  Stimulus  Stimulate?  Real  Time  Estimates  of  the  Effects  of  the  American 

Recovery and Reinvestment Act’. 

81 DG Regio, ‘Cohesion Policy Data - Total Percentage of Available Funds Paid Out by the Commission 2007-

2013’. 

82  US  Department  of  Commerce,  ‘ECONOMIC  GROWTH  WIDESPREAD  ACROSS  METROPOLITAN  AREAS  IN 

2014’. 

37 

 
 
 
      
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
III. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EU/US ESTI 

The ESTI database is a key tool to conduct the comparative analysis of ESTI allocations 
between the EU and the US. This analysis will be performed by studying the scope of 
the ESTI budget, its sectoral and geographical distribution and finally by answering the 
research questions.  

1. PRESENTATION OF THE ESTI DATABASE 

The developed database of the Economic Social and Territorial Investments (ESTI) of 
the EU and the US during the 2007-2013 period is the main outcome of the study. It 
constitutes a useful tool for the comparison between EU and US ESTI allocations, thanks 
to its various features and the quality of its data. The goal of the database is to present 
all  the  relevant  expenditures  (ESTI),  sorted  out  by  period,  place,  and  typology 
categories. For clarity reasons and to ease the use of the ESTI database, a dictionary 
for the variables is included, as well as a tab presenting the elaborated typology.  

The  database  features  three  territorial  scales:  it  presents  two  tabs  for  the  EU, 
respectively relative to EU NUTS 2 regions, which contains data compiled at the NUTS 
2 level not including ESF funds, and to EU Member States, which features data compiled 
at  the  Member  States  scale  and  includes  ESF  funds.  For  the  US,  the  database  also 
provides two tabs. One is dedicated to the average ESTI allocations during the 2007-
2013 period, while the other provides the actual yearly allocations.   

For each territorial scale, this database provides information about the concerned entity 
(EU or US), the affected EU/US State or NUTS 2 region, the considered time frame, the 
explicit territorial target - if present -, the classification of allocations according to the 
typology, the funding source, the recipient type and the allocated amounts in millions 
of  the  local  currency  (EUR  or  USD).  Moreover,  the  ESTI  database  ensures  an  easier 
comparability between the allocated amounts in the EU and in the US through computed 
shares  of  ESTI  in  the  EU/US  GDP.  In  particular,  the  “sh_gdp”  variable  shows  in 
percentage the average yearly allocated amounts compared to the average yearly GDP 
of the EU27 and the US. The “sh_locgdp” variable represents the share of average yearly 
allocated  amounts  compared  to  the  average  yearly  GDP  of  the  considered  territory 
(NUTS 2 region, EU Member State, US State) that benefits from the allocation during 
the 2007-2013 period. Another useful variable, included in the database, is “sh_yte”, 
which  represents  the  share  of  the  average  yearly  allocations  compared  to  the  total 
yearly  ESTI  budget  of  the  EU/US.  These  computed  shares  allow  to  avoid  conversion 
issues  whilst  the  comparison  and  provide  the  analysis  with  different  potential 
perspectives.   

In  the  following  sections,  the  main  facts  about  the  average  yearly  ESTI  allocations 
derived from the database will be presented.  Summarised tables can be found in the 
appendix. 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1.1 EU database (NUTS 2 regions and Member States)   

In table 7 of the Appendix, average yearly amounts of ESTI allocations are presented 
according to the corresponding NUTS 2 region and level-1 category of the elaborated 
typology. From the observation of this table, it is possible to describe the main features 
of the distribution of ESTI allocations. 

Firstly, the NUTS 2 regions which received the largest average yearly ESTI allocations 
during  the  2007-2013  period  are  located  in  Spain,  Poland,  Italy,  Portugal,  Lithuania, 
Hungary  and  Greece.  The  same  information  is  confirmed  in  table  8  of  the  Appendix 
relative to EU Member States, where the top receivers appear to be, in decreasing order, 
Poland,  Spain,  Italy,  Hungary,  Greece,  Czech  Republic,  Germany,  Portugal,  Romania 
and  France.  The  discrepancies  among  the  classification  of  the  top  receivers  can  be 
explained by the absence of data relative to the ESF at the NUTS 2 region scale and by 
the fact that calculations refer to single NUTS 2 regions in one case and whole Member 
States  in  the  other  case.  This  spatial  distribution  is  explained  by  the  design  of  EU 
Cohesion Policy during the 2007-2013 period: the most affected regions and Member 
States by ESTI allocations are the ones who responded to the “Convergence” objective, 
which gathered the majority of the financial resources83.  

The  average  yearly  ESTI  allocation  for  NUTS  2  regions  during  the  2007-2013  period 
reaches EUR 156 million, with a high standard deviation of EUR 234 million. It confirms 
the high concentration of resources produced by EU Cohesion Policy. If the third-quartile 
is computed, it appears that the at least 75% of the considered NUTS 2 regions receive 
less than EUR 223 million. The maximum average yearly ESTI allocation is EUR 1,464 
million (Andalusia). This corresponds to Cohesion Policy design, which leads to a focus 
on  Eastern  and  Southern  Europe.  These  observations  are  confirmed  by  the  data 
presented per EU Member States: each Member State receives an average yearly ESTI 
allocation of EUR 1,954 million, with a standard deviation of EUR 2,336 million. 

If a closer look on the level-1 categories is taken, it is possible to observe the amounts 
of ESTI allocations per category and per NUTS 2 region or Member State. For example, 
among EU Member States, the top receivers by level-1 category are: Poland for “Applied 
R&D  and  Innovation”,  “Transport”,  “Support  to  Enterprises”,  “Natural  Resources  and 
Energy”, “Territorial Development”; Italy for “ICT”; Portugal for “Social Infrastructures”; 
Germany for “Human Capital”; Spain for “Environment” and Greece for “Touristic and 
Cultural Development”. 

The level-1 categories which present the highest variability of allocated amounts among 
EU  Member  States  are  “Natural  Resources  and  Energy”  (with  a  standard  deviation  of 
EUR  557  million),  “Human  Capital”  (with  a  standard  deviation  of  EUR  498  million), 
“Transport”  (with  a  standard  deviation  of  EUR  363  million)  and  “Applied  R&D  and 
Innovation” (with a standard deviation of EUR 363 million). The other level-1 categories 
present a relatively more homogeneous distribution of ESTI among EU Member States, 
with standard deviations ranging from EUR 104 million for “ICT” to EUR 198 million for 
“Environment”.  

83 EU Regional Policy, Cohesion Policy 2007-13. 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
1.2 US database (US States) 

In table 9 of the Appendix, average yearly amounts of ESTI allocations are presented 
according  to  the  corresponding  US  State  and  level-1  category  of  the  elaborated 
typology. From the observation of this table, it is possible to describe the main features 
of the distribution of ESTI allocations among US States.  

The top four beneficiary US States  of total ESTI allocations are, by decreasing order, 
California, Texas, New York and Florida. Because of the lack of data, it is impossible to 
provide information at a more detailed level for the US. 

The average yearly ESTI allocation of US States is USD 1,701 million during the 2007-
2013 period, with a standard deviation of USD 1,739 million. 75% of US States receive 
an average yearly ESTI allocation that accounted for less than USD 2,113 million during 
the 2007-2013 period. The largest average yearly ESTI allocation during the 2007-2013 
period  reaches  USD  9,210  million  (California).  However,  it  must  be  recalled  that  the 
population differ widely among US States, thus partially explaining these differences.  

If a closer look is taken at level-1 categories, top receivers appear to be the following: 
California  for  “Applied  R&D  and  Innovation”,  “Transport”,  “Human  Capital”,  “Natural 
Resources  and  Energy”,  “Environment”;  Colorado  for  “ICT”;  New  York  for  “Social 
Infrastructures”;  Ohio  for  “Enterprises  Support”;  Nevada  for  “Touristic  and  Cultural 
Development” and Louisiana for “Territorial Development”. 

Looking  at  the  single  level-1  categories  for  the  US,  “Enterprises  Support”  presents  a 
standard  deviation  of  USD  1  million,  “ICT”  of  USD  7  million,  “Touristic  and  Cultural 
Development”  of  USD  10  million.  These  categories  therefore  imply  a  very  small 
variations  of  allocations  between  territories.  However,  it  should  be  noted  that  the 
amounts are very small for them, partially explaining this situation. On the contrary, a 
remarkable  exception  is  “Transport”,  with  a  high  standard  deviation  of  USD  1,155 
million. It probably stems from population differences. It is also interesting to note that 
“Territorial Development” presents a standard deviation of USD 295 million, the second 
highest  after  “Transport”.  This  may  suggest  that  the  ESTI  belonging  to  this  level-1 
category are more likely to impact specific territories in difficulty. This hypothesis will 
be refined in the analysis.  

Furthermore, as it possible to see in table 10 of the Appendix, the developed database 
provides information about the yearly ESTI allocated amounts for the US. The original 
data, provided by the US Department of the Treasury, is expressed on a yearly basis. 
Once included in the ESTI database, this may constitute a useful information to analyse 
the variability in the allocations of ESTI year by year. In particular, in the section related 
to the research questions (section III. 5.), the analysis about the influence of political 
variables and of macroeconomic shocks on ESTI allocations is conducted through this 
tool.  

Additionally,  elements  extracted  from  the  ESTI  database  will  be  exposed  during  the 
analysis.  

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2. SCOPE OF THE BUDGET 

To begin the analysis, the weight of ESTI within each entity is observed for the 2007- 
2013 period, in order to understand the importance of these investments allocations. In 
particular, the share of ESTI in the EU and US Federal budget, in the EU and US total 
public expenditures and in the EU and US GDP are presented. 

Future  studies  may  also  attempt  to  assess  the  weight  of  ESTI  in  the  comparable 
expenditures of all levels of governments, including those below the EU Community/US 
Federal  level.  Indeed,  the  roles  of  lower  levels  of  government  is  likely  to  be  a  major 
reason for the differences between the systems. Moreover, the rationales of investment 
allocations  may  differ  depending  on  the  level  of  government.  For  instance,  evidence 
suggests  that  development  expenditures  performed  by  EU  Member  States  are  less 
driven by economic development considerations than those performed by EU Cohesion 
Policy84.  However,  this  task  would  require  a  detailed  budgetary  analysis  of  all  the 
governments involved.  

It should be noted that the scope of the EU ESTI budget may have been underestimated 
in this study. Indeed, some EU expenditures that could be considered as ESTI are not 
included,  because  they  are  not  funded  by  EU  Cohesion  Policy  but  by  other  policy 
mechanisms. It is notably the case for rural development (EUR 96 billion through the 
European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development during the 2007-2013 period85) and 
R&D  and  innovation  expenditures  (EUR  8  billion  through  the  Framework  Programme 
Seven  during  the  2007-2013  period86).  However,  EU  Cohesion  Policy  is  the  leading 
source of ESTI at the EU level, with more than one third of the Community budget, thus 
conserving the relevance of the study conclusions. 

84 Breska and European Commission, Investing in Europe’s Future. 
85 European Commission, ‘Chapter 4. Overview of the EU Rural Development Policy 2007-2013’, 4. 
86 European Commission, ‘19 January 2016 – the Commission Adopts Ex-Post Evaluation of FP7’. 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
2.1   Share of ESTI in the Community/Federal budget  

Graph  1.  Share  of  average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and  Territorial 
Investments  in  the  Community/Federal  expenditures  (highest  level  of 
government) during the 2007-2013 period. 

This  graph  represents  the  share  of  ESTI  in  the  EU  Community  budget  and  in  the  US 
Federal budget. The EU Community budget refers to the overall budget of the European 
Union,  encapsulating  every  policy  and  fund.  The  US  Federal  budget  refers  to  all  the 
expenditures conducted by the US Federal State. So the expenditures of the US State 
and Local governments are excluded. Thus, this illustration aims at revealing the weight 
of ESTI among all the prerogatives of the two entities. 

As  it  is  possible  to  see  on  the  graph  1,  during  the  2007-2013  period,  the  ESTI 
represented 38% of the EU Community budget. As a matter of fact, Cohesion Policy is 
only exceeded in terms of EU budgetary allocations by the Common Agricultural Policy87. 
Besides, the ESTI accounted for almost 3% of the US Federal budget. However, even if 
these proportions appear to be extremely diverging one from the other, the differences 
in  scope  of  the  Community  and  Federal  budgetary  allocations  should  be  taken  into 
account. As a matter of fact, during the period 2007-2013, the US disposed of a total 
Federal budget of EUR 17,114,712 million88
, while the EU budget for the same period 
amounted  to  EUR  975,777  million89
,  i.e.  the  US  Federal  budget  was  about  18  times 
larger than the EU Community budget. This divergence may be explained through the 
institutional differences between the two entities. On one side, the US is a Federal State, 
with a vast range of exclusive competences and 20 budgetary functions through which 
the  Federal  level  allocates  different  sorts  of  grants.  Thus,  the  US  Federal  budget 
represents 22% of the US GDP90. On the other side, the EU is a sui generis entity that 

87 European Commission, ‘CAP Expenditure in the Total EU Expenditure’. 
88 CBO, ‘Historical Budget Data’; USFOREX, ‘Yearly Average Rates’. 
89 European Commission, ‘EU Financial Framework 2007-2013 in Figures - Budget’. 
90 CBO, ‘Historical Budget Data’. 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
disposes  of  a  limited  number  of  exclusive  competences.  Consequently,  the  available 
Community budget is limited and it represents 1.07% of the EU GDP91. 

2.2   Share of ESTI in the EU/US total public expenditures 

Graph  2.  Share  of  average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and  Territorial 
Investments in the EU/US total public expenditures (central + national + local) 
during the 2007-2013 period. 

This graph represents the Share of ESTI in the EU and US total public expenditures. In 
both entities it represents the aggregate of the expenditures of all levels of government. 
The total public expenditures in the EU results from the sum of the public spending of 
the EU and all the Member States and their subdivisions92, while for the US it deals with 
the  sum  of  the  public  spending  of  the  Federal  government  and  the  State  and  Local 
governments93.  

Thus, its purpose is to express the institutional differences of the two models according 
to the share of intergovernmental transfers into Member States and Local governments 
budget. 

As it is possible to see on the graph 2 during the 2007-2013 period, the US allocated on 
average each year 1.8% of its total public expenditures for ESTI, while the EU allocated 
0.8% of its total public expenditures. 

Concerning the NUTS 2 level, it is necessary to note that ESF allocations have not been 
taken into account because of data availability problems. This is possibly an explanation 

91 European Commission, ‘EU Financial Framework 2007-2013 in Figures - Budget’. 
92 Eurostat, ‘Government Revenue, Expenditure and Main Aggregates’. 
93 USgovernmentspending, ‘Government Spending Details in $ Million’. 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
for the fact that ESTI allocations only represent 0.7% of total EU public expenditures at 
the EU NUTS 2 level. 

The underlying reason behind the differences between the shares of ESTI in the total 
public expenditures in the EU and in the US may stand, once more, on the institutional 
nature of the two entities. 

2.3   Share of ESTI in the EU/US GDP 

Graph  3.  Share  of  average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and  Territorial 

Investments in the EU/US GDP during the 2007-2013 period. 

As it is possible to see on the graph 3, the US allocated 0.6% of its GDP on average 
each year during the 2007-2013 period to finance ESTI. As far as the EU is concerned, 
the allocation for ESTI amounted to 0.4% of its GDP. If the ESF is not taken into account, 
the EU allocated 0.3% of its GDP on ESTI during the period 2007-2013. 

It should be considered that the average GDP of the two entities, during 2007-2013, did 
not differ consistently. Indeed, the EU had a GDP of EUR 12,971,864 million94, and the 
GDP of the US was EUR 11,224,978 million95. Therefore, it can be concluded that the 
EU and US allocations for ESTI are comparable, in terms of overall effort (share of GDP 
dedicated to these expenditures).  

Moreover,  as  mentioned  above,  the  role  of  EU  for  the  allocation  of  ESTI  is 
underestimated since ESTI in the US sometimes concern expenditures partially outside 
Cohesion Policy.  

94 Eurostat, ‘GDP and Main Components (Output, Expenditure and Income)’. 
95 US Department of Commerce, ‘Table 1.1.5. Gross Domestic Product’; USFOREX, ‘Yearly Average Rates’. 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
Thus, the scope of the budgets allocated to ESTI in the EU and the US is representative 
of their institutional differences. However, they remain of comparable dimensions. The 
US ARRA is likely influencing this result. Then, the composition of these budgets are to 
be explored.  

3. ANALYSIS OF ESTI SECTORAL DISTRIBUTION 

3.1 General description 

The  data  collected  in  the  ESTI  database  allows  to  understand  the  distribution  of 
investments by category of expenditures. The distribution of EU and US expenditures 
may  give  useful  information  on  the  strategic  choices  made  for  Economic,  Social  and 
Territorial development. 

Graph  4.  Distribution  of  average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and 
Territorial Investments by level-1 categories in EU Member States during the 
2007-2013 period. 

The  EU  distribution  appears  to  be  well  balanced  between  every  level-1  category.  As 
graph 4 suggests, each category is represented and there is no overrepresentation nor 
percentage inferior to 4%. It can be explained by the methodological choices adopted 
for  the  elaboration  of  the  typology.  Indeed,  the  EU  is  the  point  of  reference  for  the 
comparison and the typology has been constructed according to the EU 86 priorities for 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2007-201396. Thus, it fits better with the typology. The distribution of ESTI in the EU is 
divided into some plateaus with several categories accounting for similar shares of ESTI. 
The  ranking  distribution  presents  “Human  Capital”  in  first  position  (23%  of  the  total 
ESTI budget). “Transport”, “Natural Resources and Energy” appear in second position 
(both  of  them  representing  16%  of  the  total  ESTI  budget),  and  “Applied  R&D  and 
Innovation” in the third one (13% of the total ESTI budget). The main plateau is situated 
at  6%,  showing  that  “Social  infrastructures”,  “Environment”,  “Touristic  and  Cultural 
development” and “Territorial development” represent about the same share of the ESTI 
budget. “ICT” and “Enterprises support” appear in last position, representing both 4% 
of the ESTI budget.   

Graph  5.  Distribution  of  average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and 
Territorial Investments by level-1 categories in EU NUTS 2 regions during the 
2007-2013 period. 

The  distribution  of  expenditures  for  EU  NUTS  2  regions  appears  to  be  very  similar. 
Differences  of  distribution  between  EU  Member  States  and  NUTS  2  regions  are  likely 
due  to  the  lack  of  ESF  data  to  constitute  the  NUTS  2  ESTI  database.  Thus,  the 
distribution of ESTI for EU NUTS 2 regions only take into account funds from the ERDF 
and  the  CF,  which  explains  that  “Human  Capital”  only  represents  13%  of  the  budget 
compared to 23% at the Member States level. Except this difference, the distribution is 
similar for the different scales of the EU.  

96 DG Regio, ‘Annex II: Categorisation of Funds Assistance for 2007-2013’. 

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
Graph  6.  Distribution  of  average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and 
Territorial  Investments  by  level-1  categories  in  US  States  during  the  2007-
2013 period. 

In  the  US  model,  as  graph  6  suggests,  the  breakdown  of  ESTI  allocations  does  not 
appear as balanced as in the EU. Indeed, ESTI are not equitably split between level-1 
categories, mainly because 65% of the them are dedicated to “Transport” expenditures. 
The overrepresentation of this category and its coexistence with low percentages were 
expected  because  of  the  typology  methodological  choices.  Categories  created  in  the 
typology  do  not  fit  with  any  pre-existent  nor  institutionalised  US  categories  of 
expenditures.  Consequently,  many  categories  have  really  low  values  and  account  for 
less than 1% of allocations, such as “Touristic and cultural development”, “Enterprises 
support”, and “ICT”.  

The  analysis  of  EU  and  US  ESTI  distribution  will be  conducted  by  studying  the  major 
differences  and  the  points  of  convergence  between  both  models.  The  categories  are 
studied by level of importance, going from the most striking differences and similarities 
to the least noticeable ones. Beyond these major findings, the elaborated ESTI database 
represents a useful tool to pursue other sectoral analyses.  

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3.2 Major sectoral findings  

The sectoral analysis of ESTI allocations is a powerful tool to compare the EU and the 
US models. Using this method, wide differences are exposed, such as in the “Transport” 
sector. Moreover, some surprising elements are also found, such as the similar share of 
ESTI dedicated to “Territorial development” by both models.  

3.2.1 Transport 

The striking difference between the EU and US distributions concerns the ESTI allocated 
to “Transport”. In the EU, even if this category is the second main category of allocation 
of ESTI, it only represents 16% of the ESTI budget compared to 65% in the US. Indeed, 
“Transport” was not the primary EU Cohesion Policy priority for the 2007-2013 period. 
Moreover, investments in transportation in the EU are mostly performed by the national 
governments or their subdivisions97 and not by the EU. Especially, given the focus of EU 
Cohesion Policy on the less developed regions, the weight of EU ESTI for “Transport” in 
the most developed EU Member States is minimal. Thus, these factors are a potential 
explanation  for  the  wide  difference  between  the  EU  and  the  US  for  the  share  of 
“Transport” among the ESTI allocations.  

It  means  that  investments  for  Economic,  Social  and  Territorial  Development  seem  to 
focus mainly on transport infrastructures in the US. This is not surprising according to 
its  geography  and  size  but  also  to  its  historical  strategy  of  investments.  Indeed, 
transport has always represented an important target of US investments at the Federal 
level98, from the  Erie Canal in 1807 to the Transcontinental Railroad in 1869 and the 
Interstate Highway System in the 1950s and 1960s.  

This huge percentage might also be explained by the Stimulus package conducted by 
the US in 2009. The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) is an economic 
package of USD 787 billion (USD 275 billion in federal contracts, grants and loans) put 
in place to end the 2008 recession. It aimed at boosting the economic growth and saving 
between  900,000  to  2.3  million  jobs99.  Half  of  the  budget  dedicated  to  infrastructure 
investments  (Total:  USD  105.3  billion)  was  concentrated  on  Transport  (USD  48.1 
billion)100,  through  Transportation  Income  Generating  Economic  Recovery  (TIGER) 
Grants.  These  investments  were  attributed  for  restoration,  repair,  construction  and 
infrastructure  development.  USD  27.5  billion  were  used  for  highway  and  bridge 
construction projects, USD 8 billion for intercity passenger rail projects. These important 
investments in transport infrastructure accentuated the US traditional trend to invest in 
transport. 

Moreover, the difference between EU and US investments in  “Transport” is not only a 
question of volume but also of nature. Indeed, when both models are compared through 
the level-2 categories within “Transport”, it should be noted that sectoral distributions 
diverge. 

97 Eurostat, ‘General Government Expenditure by Function (COFOG)’. 
98 White House, ‘An Economic Analysis of Transportation Infrastructure Investment’. 
99 Amadeo, ‘Did Obama’s Stimulus Plan Work?’ 
100 US Department of Transportation, ‘The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA)’. 

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
Graph  7.  Distribution  of  average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and 
Territorial  Investments  dedicated  to  “Transport”  by  level-2  categories  in  EU 
Member States during the 2007-2013 period. 

The  EU  ESTI  chiefly  seem  to  be  focused  on  “Other  transport/mixed”  with  34%  of 
“Transport” ESTI. “Rail transport” represents 29% of the EU ESTI for “Transport”, while 
“Road  transport”  represents  15%  and  “Air  Transport”  13%.  The  category  “Other 
transport/mixed”  is  mainly  constituted  by  integrated  programs.  Indeed,  focusing 
investments  on  multi-sectoral  transport  infrastructures  in  one  of  the  main  EU 
orientations  for  this  period.  This  integrated  approach  of  transport  infrastructures  is 
notably  illustrated  through  the  Trans-European  Networks  objectives.  Trans-European 
Networks  objectives  aims  at  upgrading  infrastructure  and  cross  border  transport 
operations  throughout  the  EU.  Its  programmes  also  target  the  improvement  of 
connections between different modes of transport, and Intelligent Transport Systems. 
Thus, “Transport” investments are mixed and balanced, resulting from the orientations 
of EU Cohesion Policy101, notably Trans-European Networks.   

101 European Commission, ‘Cohesion Report: Strategic Report 2013, Factsheet: Rail’; European Commission, 
‘Cohesion  Report:  Strategic  Report  2013,  Factsheet:  Road’;  European  Commission,  ‘Cohesion  Report: 
Strategic Report 2013, Factsheet: Other Transport’. 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
Graph  8.  Distribution  of  average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and 
Territorial  Investments  dedicated  to  “Transport”  by  level-2  categories  in  US 
States during the 2007-2013 period. 

On the contrary, 75% of the US ESTI for “Transport” are dedicated to “Road transport”. 
Only 25% of the US ESTI allocations are therefore split between the remaining level-2 
categories.  In  particular,  the  sub-category  “Maritime  transport  and  waterways” 
represents such a small share that it is not visible on the graph. This situation might be 
explained by the weight of the federal funding of the highway system102. 

102 OMB, ‘Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance’. 

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
3.2.2 Territorial development 

Allocations for “Territorial development” represent 10% of the US ESTI, which is a higher 
percentage than in the EU whose allocations in this category only reach 6%. However, 
these  shares  remain  of  comparable  extent,  which  may  contradict  the  common  belief 
that the US doest not invest in lagging-behind areas.  

Graph  9.  Distribution  of  average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and 
Territorial  Investments  dedicated  to  “Territorial  Development”  by  level-2 
categories in EU Member States during the 2007-2013 period.  

As  graph  9  suggests,  EU  ESTI  allocations  dedicated  to  “Territorial  development”  are 
concentrated on “Territorial regeneration”, at more than 90%. It is mainly because of 
the restrictive definition used for “Aids to lagging territories” in the typology for the EU, 
compared to the US.  

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Graph  10.  Distribution  of  average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and 
Territorial  Investments  dedicated  to  “Territorial  Development”  by  level-2 
categories in US States during the 2007-2013 period.   

In the US, the Federal State appears to use grants intensively to help lagging-behind 
regions.  Indeed,  looking  at  the  distribution  of  ESTI  for  “Territorial  development”  by 
level-2  categories,  27%  of  the  investments  focus  on  ”Aids  to  lagging  territories”, 
whereas it represents only 9% of EU “Territorial development” ESTI allocations. Federal 
grants for “Aids to lagging territories” in the US concern traditionally less developed US 
regions (Delta Area, Appalachia), but also Alaska Native territories, Insular regions and 
Indian  territory.  However,  these  ESTI  also  occur  in  very  developed  States.  Future 
studies should refine the territorial level of details for the US - below the State level - 
to study this question further. 

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3.2.3 Human Capital 

“Human  Capital”  appears  to  be  the  third  main  expense  item  of  the  US  ESTI. 
Nevertheless,  it  only  represents  9%  of  its  total  ESTI  spending.  In  the  EU,  its  share 
reaches 23%, which makes “Human Capital” the first category of ESTI. This is probably 
linked to the objectives of Cohesion Policy for 2007-2013, targeting in priority “Human 
Capital”103. It is the priority of the Convergence objective in order to foster the economic 
catch-up of regions whose GDP per capita is below 75% of the EU average. The ESF is 
one of the main sources of “Human Capital” ESTI in the EU.  

Graph 11. Share of average yearly allocations of Economic, Social and Territorial 
Investments dedicated to “Human Capital” by level-2 categories in the EU/US 
GDP during the 2007-2013 period.  

However,  even  if  they  diverge  in  amounts,  the  distribution  of  ESTI  allocations  in  the 
“Human Capital” category presents a comparable trend in the EU and in the US, with 
comparable  dedicated  share  of  GDP.  Both  models  seem  to  allocate  funds  of  “Human 
Capital” mainly for “Support to employment access”. This sub-category combines 69% 
of the EU ESTI on “Human Capital” and 80% in the US.  

103 European Commission, ‘Cohesion Report: Strategic Report 2013, Factsheet: Human Capital’. 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
3.2.4 R&D and Innovation 

“Applied R&D and Innovation” is obviously linked to Human Capital. It is the third main 
category of ESTI for the EU, representing 13% of the overall ESTI. This situation might 
have been favoured by the Lisbon Strategy. “Applied R&D and Innovation” was identified 
as the principal means to make the EU «the most competitive and dynamic knowledge-
based  economy  in  the  world  capable  of  sustainable  economic  growth  with  more  and 
better jobs and greater social cohesion" by 2010104. Innovation became the main priority 
under the Regional Competitivity and Employment objective, in order to foster region 
attractiveness and dynamism. This focus on “Applied R&D and Innovation” may result 
from the conclusion that the EU was lagging-behind its competitors in this field. Indeed, 
in 2011 R&D spending only represented 2% of the EU GDP which was far below the US 
rate105.  

Graph  12.  Distribution  of  average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and 
Territorial  Investments  dedicated  to  “R&D  and  Innovation”  by  level-2 
categories in EU Member States during the 2007-2013 period. 

In  the  EU,  the  composition  of  “Applied  R&D  and  Innovation”  ESTI  by  level-2  sub-
categories  seems  to  be  balanced.  Indeed,  52%  of  these  ESTI  concern  “Promotion  of 
Innovation in enterprises”, 25% for “R&D Infrastructures” and 14% for “R&D activities”.  

104 Council of the European Union, ‘Presidency Conclusions. LIsbon European Council.’ 
105 European Commission, ‘EU Cohesion Policy 2014-2020. Targeting Investments on Key Growth Priorities.’ 

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
Graph  13.  Distribution  of  average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and 
Territorial  Investments  dedicated  to  “R&D  and  Innovation”  by  level-2 
categories in US States during the 2007-2013 period. 

“Applied R&D and Innovation” expenditures are high in the US even if they represent 
only 1% of the ESTI, thus the apparent gap with the EU looks massive. For the purpose 
of the study, only grants to State and Local government have been included whereas 
most  of the R&D federal funding go to universities and enterprises106 or  is conducted 
directly by the Federal State107. Moreover, the study only focuses on investments, which 
means that federal grants for basic research have been excluded. This results in a low 
significance of this category for the US. As shown by the graph 13, 96% of US “Applied 
R&D and Innovation” ESTI are dedicated to “R&D activities”, contrasted with only 14% 
in the EU.  

106 US Department of the Treasury, ‘Federal Grants Databases’. 
107 CBO, ‘Federal Investment’. 

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
3.2.5 Environment 

The  EU  and  the  US  ESTI  allocations  appear  to  be  comparable  for  the  “Environment” 
category. They respectively represent 6% of the EU ESTI budget and 8% of the US one. 
This category of spending is ranked in both entities at the 4th position. However, this 
percentage  for  the  EU  is  not  representative  of  all  the  investments  targeting 
environmental  matters.  Indeed,  other  EU  policies  than  Cohesion  Policy  are  impacting 
this field.  

Graph 14. Share of average yearly allocations of Economic, Social and Territorial 
Investments  dedicated  to  “Environmental  Quality  and  Pollution  Control”  by 
level-3 sub-categories in the EU/US GDP during the 2007-2013 period.    

Interestingly, “Environment” ESTI are of comparable scope in terms of share of GDP in 
the two models, as demonstrated by graph 14. Beyond a similar overall percentage of 
ESTI allocated, the distribution of spending by level-2 categories for “Environment” also 
appears to be comparable in both entities. In the EU as in the US, “Environment” ESTI 
mainly target “Environmental quality and pollution control”. The second expense item 
in  both  models  is  “Biodiversity  protection”,  which  represents  7%  of  the  EU 
“Environment”  ESTI  and  15%  in  the  US.  In  the  US,  natural  parks  and  protection  of 
specified areas are key elements of “Biodiversity protection”.  

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Graph  15.  Distribution  of  average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and 
Territorial  Investments  dedicated  to  “Environmental  Quality  and  Pollution 
Control”  by  level-3  categories  in  EU  Member  States  during  the  2007-2013 
period.    

Graph  16.  Distribution  of  average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and 
Territorial  Investments  dedicated  to  “Environmental  Quality  and  Pollution 
Control” by level-3 categories in US States during the 2007-2013 period.    

According  to  the  results  by  level-3  sub-categories,  70%  of  the  EU  ESTI  dedicated  to 
“Environmental Quality and Pollution Control” are injected into the “Integrated/mixed 
approach”  category.  It  corresponds  to  the  overall  EU  Cohesion  Policy  strategy  of 
integrated approach. On the contrary, in the US, the “Water” category attains 68% of 
the  “Environmental  Quality  and  Pollution  Control”  ESTI.  This  field  thus  appears  to  be 
very sectoral for the US.   

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3.2.6 Social infrastructures 

“Social infrastructures” may represent a comparable share of ESTI in both entities. It 
represents 6% of the EU ESTI and 5% of the US ESTI. Thus, it takes relatively the same 
weight  in  both  models.  “Social  infrastructures”  do  not  appear  in  the  EU  or  US  top  3 
priorities. This category might be particularly vulnerable to institutional differences, for 
instance  for  education  infrastructures.  As  a  consequence,  the  sub-categories  are  not 
financed in the same proportions by the two models.  It should also be noted that the 
US  ARRA  was  heavily  focused  on  social  infrastructures108,  thus  restricting  the 
generalisation of these observations. 

Graph  17.  Distribution  of  average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and 
Territorial  Investments  dedicated  to  “Social  Infrastructures”  by  level-2 
categories in EU Member States during the 2007-2013 period.    

As  graph  17  suggests,  EU  ESTI  allocations  for  “Social  infrastructures”  mainly  fund 
“Education infrastructures” (51%) with “Housing Infrastructures” only reaching 2%. 

108 US Department of the Treasury, ‘Federal Grants Databases’. 

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
Graph  18.  Distribution  of  average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and 
Territorial  Investments  dedicated  to  “Social  Infrastructures”  by  level-2 
categories in US States during the 2007-2013 period.    

As graph 18 suggests, in the US, 83% of the “Social infrastructures” ESTI allocations 
target  “Housing  Infrastructures”  while  “Health infrastructures”  only  represent  10%  of 
the budget.  

3.2.7 ICT Infrastructures and Enterprises support 

In both models, “ICT” and in “Enterprises support” are the last items of ESTI allocations. 
In the EU, they both represent 4% of the ESTI budget which is the lowest percentage. 
ICT is one  of the objective targeted for the 2007-2013 period and paves the way for 
more investments in this field for the following seven-year period.  

In the US, the dedicated budget for these categories is below 1%. The “ICT” category 
is  probably  that  small  because  it  exclusively  refers  to  ICT  Infrastructures.  It  is  not  a 
main priority of the federal grants in the US. Other types of ICT investments such as 
ICT  Innovation  have  been  integrated  to  other  categories  of  expenditures  such  as 
“Applied R&D and  Innovation”. Moreover, “ICT” and “Enterprises support” are  funded 
via  other  channels  than  the  US  federal  grants.  Most  of  the  funding  for  “Enterprises 
support” ESTI in the US goes to deindustrialised regions such as Ohio in the Rust Belt, 
thus proving the category consistency in spite of its limited scope.  

59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4. ANALYSIS OF ESTI GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION 

In this section, the geographical distribution of ESTI is presented in order to understand 
at a first glance the territorial dimensions of these allocations in the EU and in the US.  

Firstly,  some  geographical  background  about  the  two  entities  is  to  be  provided.  The 
geographical analysis will then be conducted. In particular, the distribution of ESTI as 
allocated amounts is observed to grasp the budgetary effort dedicated to ESTI in the 
two entities. Then, the distribution of ESTI as share of local GDP (NUTS 2 regions, EU 
Member States or US States) is a tool to understand the importance of ESTI to finance 
investments  in  the  territories.  Finally,  the  distribution  of  ESTI  per  capita  is  studied, 
allowing to spot the regions favoured by the allocations.  

4.1 Geographical background 

In order to analyse the geographical distribution of ESTI allocations in the two models, 
it is necessary to get background information about basic elements characterising the 
impacted territories. Accordingly, this section will present the geographical distribution 
of population, density, GDP and GDP PPP per capita among EU and US territories.   

4.1.1 Population 

Population is unevenly distributed in both entities, as shown on the following maps109. 

109  Eurostat,  ‘Population  on  1  January’;  United  States  Census  Bureau,  ‘State  Intercensal  Estimates  (2000-
2010)’; United States Census Bureau, ‘Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for the United States, 
Regions, States, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015’. 

60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
Map  1.  Average  population  of  the  EU  Member  States  during  the  2007-2013 
period. 

61 

 
 
 
 
 
Map  2.  Average  population  of  the  EU  NUTS  2  regions  during  the  2007-2013 
period. 

62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Map 3. Average population of the US States during the 2007-2013 period. 

In the EU, population is high in Western Member States such as Germany, France and 
the  United  Kingdom.  Indeed,  population  in  these  countries  is  above  49,000,000 
inhabitants.  There  are  also  important  concentrations  of  population  in  the  main  urban 
areas of the EU, notably in capital cities such as Paris or Milan. The New Member States 
tend to have lower populations, with the notable exception of Poland, whose population 
attains 38,000,000 inhabitants.  

In the US, population is mainly concentrated around three separated poles: California, 
Texas and New York. California is the most populous State with 37,000,000 inhabitants. 
Secondary  poles  are  present  in  the  Deep  South,  with  Florida,  and  in  the  Rust  Belt. 
However, the Midwest and States of the Rocky Mountains feature very low population 
levels.  

These patterns favour the places with the highest nominal GDP in both entities. Indeed, 
population and nominal GDP are highly correlated with correlation coefficients of 0.96 
for the EU Member States and 0.99 for the US States. Because of these differences in 
population distribution, densities are also varying dramatically between territories in the 
EU and the US.  

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4.1.2 Density 

Densities in the EU and the US are summarised with the following maps110. 

110 Eurostat, ‘Density of Population’; Eurostat, ‘Density of Population (NUTS 2 Regions)’; United States Census 
Bureau, ‘State Intercensal Estimates (2000-2010)’; United States Census Bureau, ‘Annual Estimates of 
the Resident Population for the United States, Regions, States, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 
2015’; Geography, ‘State Area Measurements and Internal Point Coordinates’. 

64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
Map 4. Average population density of the EU Member States during the 2007-
2013 period. 

65 

 
 
 
 
 
Map 5. Average population density of the EU NUTS 2 regions during the 2007-
2013 period. 

66 

 
 
 
 
 
Map  6.  Average  population  density  of  the  US  States  during  the  2007-2013 
period. 

In the EU, high densities are typically found close to the European Megalopolis, i.e. the 
axis from Northern Italy to Southern England. Densities in this area often exceed 150 
people per km². Capital regions are also featuring high densities in all Member States.  

In the US, it is primarily in the New England region, primarily because of the small land 
areas  of  this  State  combined  with  important  population  centers.  However,  the  most 
populous  States  such  as  Texas  are  not  always  those  with  high  densities.  Moreover, 
density tends to be lower in the US than in the EU, with rare US States above 150 people 
per km².  

Density will be used as a proxy for a rural/urban divide. However, it should be noted 
that the scale of the EU Member States or the US States is not fully relevant concerning 
that  divide.  Further  studies  could  focus  on  smaller  territorial  scales  to  improve  the 
results.  

67 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4.1.3 Production and level of development 

Levels  of  development  vary  tremendously  in  the  two  entities.  It  is  the  case  for  the 
distribution of GDP but also of GDP PPP per capita111. The GDP allows to understand the 
financing  capacity  of  territories,  while  the  GDP  PPP  per  capita  is  a  proxy  of  level  of 
development and economic well-being because it allows to compare the ability of people 
to buy a basket of goods and services112.  

111 Eurostat, ‘Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at Current Market Prices by NUTS 2 Regions’; US Department of 
Commerce,  ‘Table  1.1.5.  Gross  Domestic  Product’;  Eurostat,  ‘GDP  and  Main  Components  (Output, 
Expenditure and Income)’; Eurostat, ‘GDP per Capita in PPS’; OECD, ‘Regional Accounts : Regional GDP 
per Capita (PPP)’. 

112 OECD, ‘Purchasing Power Parities - Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) - OECD’. 

68 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
Map 7. Average GDP of the EU Member States during the 2007-2013 period. 

69 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Map 8. Average GDP PPP per capita of the EU Member States during the 2007-
2013 period. 

70 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Map 9. Average GDP of the EU NUTS 2 regions during the 2007-2013 period. 

71 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Map 10. Average GDP PPP per capita of the EU NUTS 2 regions during the 2007-
2013 period. 

72 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Map 11. Average GDP of the US States during the 2007-2013 period. 

Map 12. Average GDP PPP per capita of the US States during the 2007-2013 
period.

73 

 
 
 
 
The GDP and GDP PPP per capita follow similar pattern in the EU. Indeed, North/South 
and  West/East  divides  can  be  easily  observed.  At  the  Member  States  level,  Western 
Europe  achieves  the  highest  levels  of  GDP,  notably  Germany,  France  and  the  United 
Kingdom.  Regarding  GDP  PPP  per  capita,  Germanic  and  Nordic  countries  reach  the 
highest levels. Eastern and Central Europe tend to have the lowest GDP and GDP PPP 
per  capita.  However,  exceptions  emerge  when  considering  the  NUTS  2  regions  level. 
Indeed, capital regions in the New Member States achieve similar level of development 
than Western Europe, for instance the Warsaw area.  

In  the  US,  the  situation  is  quite  different.  The  GDP  is  mostly  concentrated  on  three 
poles: California, Texas and New York. It is matching the population centers. Secondary 
centers can be found in the Deep South and the Rust Belt. For the GDP PPP per capita, 
the situation is more homogenous. Indeed, even States with low GDP appear to achieve 
relatively high GDP PPP per  capita. Exceptions are notably States of the Deep South, 
such as Mississippi. However, these findings at the US States level hide disparities within 
each territory and therefore further studies on this point are required.  

Having all these elements in mind, it is possible to analyse the geographical distribution 
of ESTI in the two models.  

4.2 Distribution of ESTI as allocated amounts 

The distribution of ESTI as allocated amounts allows the observation of monetary flows 
for  the  ESTI  in  the  two  systems.  However,  it  should  be  noted  that  the  amounts  are 
presented in different currencies (EUR million and USD million). It is therefore possible 
to know which territories receive the largest and smallest ESTI allocations.  

74 

 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Map  13.  Average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and  Territorial 
Investments in the EU Member States during the 2007-2013 period. 

75 

 
 
 
 
Map  14.  Average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and  Territorial 
Investments in the EU NUTS 2 regions during the 2007-2013 period. 

76 

 
 
 
 
The EU Member States which receive the most important amounts of ESTI allocations 
appear to be the less developed ones, as it appears on map 13. This can be explained 
by the structure of Cohesion Policy during the 2007-2013 period: it devoted the majority 
of the available funds to the “Convergence” objective, which targeted the lagging-behind 
regions113.  Accordingly,  on  map  14,  the  NUTS  2  regions  which  receive  the  most 
important amounts of ESTI allocations appear to be the less developed ones, especially 
in Eastern and Southern Europe. For instance, Andalusia and the Warsaw region receive 
on average each year more than EUR 1,322 million in ESTI allocations during the period. 
However, it appears that the distribution at the NUTS 2 level is more heterogeneous in 
comparison to the repartition by EU Member State. This can be easily explained by the 
higher level of precision of the distribution at the NUTS 2 level. Moreover, it must be 
taken  into  account  that,  at  the  NUTS  2  level,  the  data  concerning  the  ESF  is  not 
available.  Thus,  it  is  possible  to  advance  the  hypothesis  that  this  may  play  a  role  in 
explaining the differences of ESTI distribution between the map 13 and the map 14. 

 Map  15.  Average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and  Territorial 
Investments in the US States during the 2007-2013 period. 

As it is possible to note on map 15, the US States which appear to be the most affected 
by the ESTI allocations are California, Texas, New York and Florida. Notably, California 
benefits  from  an  average  yearly  allocation  of  ESTI  of  USD  9,210  million  during  the 
period.    Thus,  the  US  system  tends  to  favour  the  States  with  the  largest  GDP,  since 
their  GDP  represent  respectively  13.3%,  8.6%,  7.9%  and  5%  of  the  total  US  GDP 
(average  yearly  during  the  2007-2013  period)114.  However,  this  statement  should  be 

113 EU Regional Policy, Cohesion Policy 2007-13. 
114 US Department of Commerce, ‘Table 1.1.5. Gross Domestic Product’. 

77 

 
 
  
 
 
                                                 
nuanced  by  two  considerations.  First,  this  observation  does  not  necessarily  imply  a 
correlation between the US States  GDP level and the volume of the  ESTI allocations. 
Moreover,  these  States  are  also  the  first  four  most  populated  during  the  2007-2013 
period115, making it a probable factor for this situation.  

Besides that, if the two entities are compared, it appears at a first glance that in the EU 
the  less  developed  Member  States  and  NUTS  2  regions  are  the  most  affected  by  the 
ESTI. On the contrary in the US, the most populous and developed States in terms of 
GDP seem to be the most targeted by these allocations.  

Nevertheless,  this  first  approach  should  be  completed  by  a  look  at  the  geographical 
distribution of ESTI as share of local GDP and per capita. 

4.3 Distribution of ESTI as share of local GDP 

These maps present the distribution of ESTI allocations as share of the GDP of 
impacted territories116.  

Observing  the  distribution  of  ESTI  allocations  as  share  of  local  GDP  can  be  useful  to 
understand the importance of ESTI allocations to finance investments in the territory.    

115 United States Census Bureau, ‘Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for the United States, Regions, 
States, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015’; United States Census Bureau, ‘State Intercensal 
Estimates (2000-2010)’. 

116  Eurostat,  ‘GDP  and  Main  Components  (Output,  Expenditure  and  Income)’;  Eurostat,  ‘Gross  Domestic 
Product (GDP) at Current Market Prices by NUTS 2 Regions’; US Department of Commerce, ‘Table 1.1.5. 
Gross Domestic Product’. 

78 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
Map 16. Average yearly allocations of Economic, Social and Territorial 
Investments as share of the EU Member States GDP during the 2007-2013 
period. 

79 

 
 
 
 
Not  surprisingly,  a  concentration  of  high  levels  of  ESTI  allocations  as  share  of  GDP 
appears  on  the  Member  States  of  Central  and  Eastern  Europe,  whereas  maps 
representing  the  distribution  of  ESTI  as  allocated  amounts  suggested  not  only  an 
East/West divide but also a North/South one (see maps 13 and 14). Indeed, Spain and 
Italy appeared to be considerably affected by ESTI allocations on map 13, but because 
of their relatively high GDP (compared to Eastern and Central European Member States), 
Spain and Italy’s ESTI allocations only represent a share ranging between 0.10% and 
0.54% of their GDP. Thus, even if they emerged as top receivers in absolute terms (see 
maps 13 and 14), their level of ESTI allocations as share of GDP brings them closer to 
Western European countries. Countries such as France, the United Kingdom, Belgium, 
the Netherlands or Sweden show a low rate of ESTI allocations as share of GDP, ranging 
between 0.02% and 0.09% of their GDP.  

In Central and Eastern Member States, ESTI allocations represent a significant share of 
their  local  GDP.  The  highest  rate  is  located  in  Hungary  where  ESTI  allocations  reach 
4.31%  of  the  country’s  GDP  as  a  consequence  of  the  combination  of  a  relatively  low 
GDP and an important amount of ESTI allocations. Latvia and Lithuania also appear to 
receive significant amounts of ESTI as a share of GDP as seen in map 16 whereas they 
receive low amounts in absolute terms, as seen on map 13.  

80 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Map  17.  Average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and  Territorial 
Investments  as  share  of  the  EU  NUTS  2  regions  GDP  during  the  2007-2013 
period. 

81 

 
 
 
 
Map 17 relative to the EU NUTS 2 level shows a distribution of ESTI allocations as share 
of local GDP which is consistent with the previous map 16. NUTS 2 regions in Hungary, 
Latvia and Lithuania still appear to be the regions where ESTI allocations are the most 
important to finance investments. In particular, the biggest beneficiary of ESTI among 
the  NUTS  2  regions  seems  to  be  the  Southern  Great  Plain  (HU33),  where  ESTI 
allocations account for 8.1% of its GDP.  

Map  18.  Average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and  Territorial 
Investments as share of the US States GDP during the 2007-2013 period. 

It is noticeable that the minimum rate of ESTI as share of local GDP in the US is higher 
than  in  the  EU,  which  may  reveal  that  there  are  no  States  receiving  funds  which 
represent  less  than  0.45%  of  their  GDP.  Besides,  the  maximum  value  differs  largely 
between the two entities. The maximum rate of ESTI as share of local GDP in the EU 
reaches 4.31% at the Member States level and 8.1% at the NUTS 2 level, whereas it 
only rises to 2.16% in the US. This may suggest a greater uniformity of ESTI distribution 
in the US. However, the impact of ARRA should be considered when interpretating these 
figures. 

Moreover,  the  observation  of  the  distribution  of  ESTI  as  share  of  local  GDP  gives  a 
radically different picture in the US in comparison to the previous analysis. As a matter 
of  fact,  Texas,  California,  New  York  and  Florida  were  presented  as  the  main  ESTI 
receivers in absolute terms. However, map 18 shows that even if these states receive 
significant ESTI allocations, the amounts only account for a small fraction of their GDP. 
The  share  of  ESTI  compared  to  the  GDP  in  these  States  ranges  between  0.45%  and 
0.60%. Thus, this suggests that in the US, the main receivers have a low allocation of 
ESTI in relation to GDP.  

82 

 
 
 
 
 
Alaska  appears  to  be  the  State  with  the  highest  ESTI  allocation  intensity,  as  these 
allocations represent 2.16% of its GDP. Most of the US States presenting a high ESTI 
intensity are clustered in the North-West of the country (Montana, North Dakota, South 
Dakota and Wyoming). They also tend to have low population and GDP.  

Future studies may attempt to analyse EU and US ESTI as share of local ESTI budgets. 
However, this approach would require a massive data collection and the classification of 
the investments allocations at all the government levels.  

The next section completes the geographical analysis by focusing on the distribution of 
ESTI per capita in order to reveal regions whose inhabitants are the most favoured by 
ESTI allocations.  

4.4 Distribution of ESTI per capita 

This section presents the allocations of ESTI per capita117 at the EU Member States level 
on map 19, at the NUTS 2 regions level on map 20 and at the US States level on map 
21. It allows to spot the regions whose inhabitants are the most favoured by the two 
systems.  

117  Eurostat,  ‘Population  on  1  January’;  United  States  Census  Bureau,  ‘Annual  Estimates  of  the  Resident 
Population for the United States, Regions, States, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015’; United 
States Census Bureau, ‘State Intercensal Estimates (2000-2010)’. 

83 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
Map  19.  Average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and  Territorial 
Investments per capita in the EU Member States during the 2007-2013 period. 

84 

 
 
 
 
Concerning the EU, as it is possible to note on map 19, the Member States which receive 
the largest ESTI allocations per capita (more than EUR 150 per capita) during the 2007-
2013  period  are,  in  decreasing  order,  Hungary,  Greece,  Estonia,  the  Czech  Republic, 
Slovakia,  Latvia,  Portugal,  Lithuania,  Malta,  Slovenia  and  Poland.  On  the  contrary, 
Member States with  the lowest  ESTI allocations per capita, below EUR 25 per  capita, 
appear  to  be  in  decreasing  order:  the  United  Kingdom,  Austria,  Luxembourg,  the 
Netherlands and Denmark. It is consistent with the official Cohesion Policy priorities and 
the Berlin Formula118. 

118 EU Regional Policy, Cohesion Policy 2007-13; Osterloh, ‘The Fiscal Consequences of EU Cohesion Policy 

after 2013’. 

85 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
Map  20.  Average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and  Territorial 
Investments per capita in the EU NUTS 2 regions during the 2007-2013 period. 

86 

 
 
 
 
Accordingly,  map  20  relative  to  the  NUTS  2  regions  shows  a  consistent  distribution. 
However, some NUTS 2 regions belonging to Greece and Slovenia do not appear on the 
map,  since  the  corresponding  data  was  not  available  during  the  period.  The  NUTS  2 
regions that receive the highest ESTI allocations per capita in the 2007-2013 period are 
located in Portugal, Hungary, the Baltic States, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland and in 
the south of Italy. The highest ESTI allocation per capita is found in Portugal (PT20) at 
EUR 710 per capita. Once more, this distribution is not surprising: it reflects the explicit 
targets  of  EU  Cohesion  Policy  during  the  2007-2013  period  and  notably  the  less 
developed regions falling under the “Convergence” objective119. 

Map  21.  Average  yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and  Territorial 
Investments per capita in the US States during the 2007-2013 period. 

The US States which appear to receive the most important ESTI allocations relatively to 
their population are Alaska, Montana, Wyoming, North and South Dakota and Louisiana. 
More than USD 500 per capita is attributed to these territories. They are also among 
the least populated US States: respectively, their population account for 0.12%, 0.32%, 
0.19%, 0.23% and 1.5% of the total US population during the 2007-2013 period120. 

The reasons why these States are benefiting of large ESTI allocations  per capita with 
this intensity can be of different natures. Alaska’s huge area, distance from the other 
States, unfavourable climate and lack of infrastructures in vast areas may explain the 

119 EU Regional Policy, Cohesion Policy 2007-13. 
120 United States Census Bureau, ‘Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for the United States, Regions, 
States, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015’; United States Census Bureau, ‘State Intercensal 
Estimates (2000-2010)’. 

87 

 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
territorial  development  and  urban 

existence of greater federal funding. Moreover, Alaska hosts important communities of 
Natives and several national parks and protected areas121, which are factors conditioning 
some grants. Montana, Wyoming, North and South Dakota’s geography is characterised 
by  mountainous  and  vast  agricultural  areas.  It  implies  the  existence  of  communities 
living in  remote  areas,  which  can  contribute  to  explain  their  need  of  ESTI  allocations 
concerning 
revitalization,  construction  of 
infrastructures and attempts to make the local economies more diversified and dynamic. 
These  assertions  seem  to  be  validated  by  calculations  made  using  the  developed 
database  which  show  that  the  average  yearly  ESTI  allocations  per  capita  for  the 
“Territorial  Development”  category  during  the  2007-2013  period  are  quite  important, 
especially in the States of North and South Dakota (respectively the second and the fifth 
US States  for “Territorial Development”  ESTI  allocations per capita).  Moreover, these 
five States appear to be among the ones which receive the most important amount of 
ESTI allocations per capita for the “Environment category”. On this issue, Wyoming is 
the first receiver, followed by Alaska and North Dakota, Montana (respectively 2nd, 3rd, 
4th position) and South Dakota (7th position), which could be explained by the several 
natural parks and protected areas hosted in this geographical area. This focus on remote 
US States affected by special natural constraints could be compared to EU assistance to 
outermost and sparsely populated areas. 

Regarding  Louisiana,  the  considerable  amount  of  ESTI  allocation  per  capita  that  this 
State received during the 2007-2013 period can be explained by the fact that this State 
was deeply affected in 2005 by the hurricane Katrina, whose destructive effects have 
demanded intense public investments in the following years. Once more, these results 
are to be taken with caution, given the particular context of the study (ARRA).  

Having these first elements, it is possible to conduct tests in order to draw conclusions 
on the research questions.  

5. RESEARCH QUESTIONS FINDINGS 

The  ESTI  database  allows  the  exploration  of  the  developed  research  questions.  More 
specifically, it is a tool to assess the underlying logics of spatial distribution of ESTI in 
the  EU  and  the  US.  Methods  such  as  correlations  and  linear  regressions  will  be  used 
because of their relevancy to explore the relationship between the variables of interest. 
Reverse  correlation issues  do  not  represent  a  major  problem  given  the  nature  of  the 
tested variables. Indeed, the moderate levels of ESTI allocations are relatively unlikely 
to influence variables such as population or GDP in the short run. 

The  mechanisms  of  EU  Cohesion  Policy  are  known,  as  they  are  expressed  by  official 
texts and by the Berlin formula122. Population and level of development are the primary 
drivers of ESTI allocations in the EU. However, the actual link between these indicators 
and US ESTI is not known, even if it is common for federal grants to use population as 
a determinant of allocated amounts123.  

121 Knapp, ‘An Introduction to the Economy of Alaska’. 
122 EU Regional Policy, Cohesion Policy 2007-13; Osterloh, ‘The Fiscal Consequences of EU Cohesion Policy 

after 2013’. 

123 OMB, ‘Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance’. 

88 

 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
5.1 Population 

Within the geographical analysis, population emerged as one of the probable factors of 
ESTI  allocations.  It  is  notably  the  case  for  the  US,  with  the  most  populous  States 
clustering  at  high  ESTI  allocation  levels.  Thus,  the  hypothesis  of  a  link  between 
population and ESTI allocations must be formally explored. 

Graph 19. Correlation between average yearly allocations of Economic, Social and 
Territorial  Investments  and  the  population  of  EU  Member  States  during  the 
2007-2013 period. 

89 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Graph 20. Correlation between average yearly allocations of Economic, Social and 
Territorial  Investments  and  the  population  of  EU  NUTS  2  regions  during  the 
2007-2013 period. 

In  the  EU,  the  correlation  between  ESTI  allocations  and  population  is  strong  and 
positive. Indeed, the correlation coefficient is 0.5 for Member States and 0.33 for  EU 
NUTS 2 regions. Simple regressions yield high R², 25% for Member States and 11% for 
NUTS 2 regions. Moreover, the simple models coefficients are significant at 1%. 

So,  population  alone  seems  to  be  an  important  additional  criterion  to  explain  the 
distribution of ESTI allocations in the EU. It is indeed a criterion used in the design of 
EU Cohesion Policy, explaining this correlation. 

90 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Graph 21. Correlation between average yearly allocations of Economic, Social and 
Territorial Investments and the population of US States during the 2007-2013 
period. 

This variable appears to be even more important in the US where ESTI allocations and 
population  of  the  US  States  are  linked  by  a  quasi-linear  relationship.  The  correlation 
coefficient is strongly positive at 0.97. The simple regression model explains 94% of the 
observations, meaning that population is likely to be a main driver for ESTI allocations 
in the US. The coefficient of this simple model is significant at 1%. 

To sum up, population seems to be a relevant factor to explain the distribution of ESTI 
allocations both in the EU and the US. However, it appears to be much more important 
in the US as it tends to explain almost the entire distribution of ESTI allocations alone. 
It  should  be  noted  that  population  is  an  almost  obvious  factor  for  determining 
investments allocations. Thus, other potential variables should be explored, notably the 
level of development of impacted territories.  

5.2 Production and Level of development 

The hypothesis regarding the possible relationship between the level of development of 
territories  and  the  allocation  of  ESTI  is  central  to  the  study.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  an 
important  rationale  for  the  transfers  is  to  aid  the  development  of  lagging-behind 
regions124.  It  is  also  conceived  by  design  in  EU  Cohesion  Policy:  in  this  case,  the 
attribution  of  funds  depends  on  a  GDP  per  capita threshold125.  However,  it is  a  priori 
highly uncertain that in the US the level of development of territories is an important 
factor to determine the allocations of ESTI. 

124 Boadway and Shah, Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers; Barca, ‘An Agenda for a Reformed Cohesion Policy 
A Place-Based Approach to Meeting European Union Challenges and Expectations’; EU Regional Policy, 
Cohesion Policy 2007-13; CBO, ‘Federal Grants to State and Local Governments’. 

125 EU Regional Policy, Cohesion Policy 2007-13. 

91 

 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
GDP  PPP  per  capita  can  be  used  as  a  proxy  for  the  level  of  development.  Indeed, 
purchasing  power  parities  allow  to  compare  the  effective  standards  of  living  between 
places  using  a  common  basket  of  goods  and  services  and  taking  into  account  local 
variations  in  prices126.  Thus,  it  may  represent  a  better  tool  to  compare  the  level  of 
development than GDP without adjustments.  

Firstly, to get an overview of the situation, attributions of ESTI can be represented using 
concentration  curves.  These  curves  plot  the  cumulative  percentage  of  the  ESTI 
allocations against the cumulative percentage of the EU27/US GDP represented by the 
impacted territories. The territories are ranked from the lowest to the highest GDP PPP 
per  capita,  thus  allowing  to  test  the  redistributive  nature  of  the  ESTI  as  the  least 
developed territories are on the left of the x-axis. Thus, these curves show whether ESTI 
allocations are focused on specific territories.  

Graph 22. Concentration curve for average yearly allocations of Economic, Social 
and Territorial Investments ranked by GDP PPP per capita at the EU Member 
States level during the 2007-2013 period. 

126 OECD, ‘Purchasing Power Parities - Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) - OECD’. 

92 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
Graph 23. Concentration curve for average yearly allocations of Economic, Social 
and  Territorial  Investments  ranked  by  GDP  PPP  per  capita  at  the  NUTS  2 
regions level during the 2007-2013 period. 

In the EU, the concentration curves show that ESTI allocations are highly concentrated 
in  territories  representing  a  low  percentage  of  the  total  EU27  GDP.  Moreover,  the 
favoured  territories  are  also  the  ones  with  the  lowest  levels  of  development.  Indeed, 
territories representing 20% of the EU27 GDP receive 80% of ESTI allocations. These 
targeted  places  feature  a  GDP  PPP  per  capita  under  90%  of  the  EU27  average. 
Symmetrically,  places  representing  80%  of  the  EU27  GDP  only  obtain  20%  of  ESTI 
allocations. They are characterised by a relatively high level of development, with a GDP 
PPP per capita above 90% of the EU27 average.  

These  patterns  are  found  both  at  the  Member  States  and  the  NUTS  2  regions  scale. 
Thus, these concentration curves seem to confirm the focus on lagging-behind territories 
that is of paramount importance for EU Cohesion Policy.  

93 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Graph 24. Concentration curve for average yearly allocations of Economic, Social 
and  Territorial  Investments  ranked  by  GDP  PPP  per  capita  at  the  US  States 
level during the 2007-2013 period. 

The US ESTI repartition logic appears to differ widely from the EU. As a matter of fact, 
cumulative ESTI allocations follow a quasi-linear relationship with the cumulative share 
of the US GDP. This suggests that the US mechanisms do not imply a concentration of 
ESTI  allocations  on  specific  territories.  Accordingly,  the  least  developed  regions 
representing 20% of the US GDP benefit from about 25% of ESTI allocations. This curve 
suggests  that  ESTI  allocations  in  the  US  are  not  taking  into  account  the  level  of 
development as a determinant factor.  

Using these curves, it seems that the EU concentrates its ESTI allocations on territories 
which  represent  a  small  fraction  of  its  GDP,  while  the  US  has  a  more  homogenous 
approach. Moreover, the favoured territories are the least developed in the EU while it 
does not seem to be a relevant factor for the US. It also echoes the fact that the US 
faces smaller inter regional inequalities.  

However,  this  situation  is  observed  when  comparing  all  ESTI.  A  focus  on  “Territorial 
development”  (category  10)  could  be  an  interesting  way  to  complement  this  overall 
approach. Indeed, “Territorial development” often targets areas which are facing severe 
difficulties and therefore require unequal allocations. 

94 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Graph 25. Concentration curve for average yearly allocations of Economic, Social 
and Territorial Investments dedicated to “Territorial development” ranked by 
GDP  PPP  per  capita  at  the  EU  Member  States  level  during  the  2007-2013 
period. 

Graph 26. Concentration curve for average yearly allocations of Economic, Social 
and Territorial Investments dedicated to “Territorial development” ranked by 
GDP PPP per capita at the NUTS 2 regions level during the 2007-2013 period. 

95 

 
 
 
 
 
For the EU, ESTI allocations regarding “Territorial development” appear to be even more 
concentrated  than  overall  ESTI  allocations.  Indeed,  slightly  more  than  80%  of  ESTI 
allocations dedicated to this category are targeting territories representing 20% of EU27 
GDP. Moreover, these territories are also the least developed in terms of GDP PPP per 
capita.  Again,  these  results  may  be  representative  of  the  objectives  pursued  by 
Cohesion Policy127.  

Graph 27. Concentration curve for average yearly allocations of Economic, Social 
and Territorial Investments dedicated to “Territorial development” ranked by 
GDP PPP per capita at the US States level during the 2007-2013 period. 

In the US,  ESTI allocations dedicated to  “Territorial development” appear to be quite 
homogeneously  distributed  among  US  States.  Indeed,  30%  of  ESTI  allocations  for 
“Territorial  development”  are  granted  for  the  least  developed  territories  representing 
40% of US GDP. However, Louisiana produces an important jump in the curve. During 
the  2007-2013  period,  important  investments  were  conducted  in  Louisiana  after  the 
Hurricane Katrina disaster. Thus, this extreme event might be a probable cause for the 
concentration  of  resources  in  this  State,  as  it  benefited  from  classical  territorial 
development programmes at a higher magnitude but also from specific long-run post-
disaster  investments  (excluding  emergency  aids).  However,  Louisiana  is  an  average 
State in terms  of  GDP  PPP per  capita. As a consequence,  evidence seems to suggest 

127 EU Regional Policy, Cohesion Policy 2007-13. 

96 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
that level of development is not an important determinant of US ESTI allocations, even 
for those investments dedicated to “Territorial development”. It contrasts with the EU 
ESTI system.  

In order to complete these first findings, correlations between ESTI allocations per capita 
and the level of development, as determined by GDP PPP per capita, shall be observed. 
Looking at ESTI allocations per capita allows to take into consideration the important 
population differences between regions and to reveal the most favoured places by the 
two systems.  

Graph 28. Correlation between average yearly allocations of Economic, Social and 
Territorial Investments per capita and the GDP PPP per capita of EU Member 
States during the 2007-2013 period. 

97 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Graph 29. Correlation between average yearly allocations of Economic, Social and 
Territorial  Investments  per  capita  and  the  GDP  PPP  per  capita  of  NUTS  2 
regions during the 2007-2013 period. 

In the EU, ESTI allocations per capita are highly negatively correlated with the level of 
development  of  regions  and  Member  States,  as  expressed  by  GDP  PPP  per  capita. 
Indeed, as stated previously, this is a central element of the Cohesion Policy design128. 
The more developed regions and Member States receive less ESTI allocations per capita: 
the correlation coefficient is -0.64 for Member States and -0.53 for NUTS 2 regions. This 
simple  regression  model  is  relatively  predictive,  with  R²  ranging  between  41%  for 
Member  States  and  28%  for  NUTS  2  regions.  Coefficients  of  the  simple  regression 
models are significant at 5%. 

128 Osterloh, ‘The Fiscal Consequences of EU Cohesion Policy after 2013’. 

98 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
Graph 30. Correlation between average yearly allocations of Economic, Social and 
Territorial  Investments  per  capita  and  the  GDP  PPP  per  capita  of  US  States 
during the 2007-2013 period. 

The situation is completely different for the US. As a matter of fact, ESTI allocations per 
capita seem to be positively correlated with the GDP PPP per capita of US States, with 
a correlation coefficient of 0.67. It suggests a focus of US ESTI on the more developed 
regions.  Thus,  this  yields  results  contrary  to  the  EU  model.  Moreover,  the  simple 
regression model reaches a high R² at 45%. However, this situation may be produced 
by  the  fact  that  DC  features  extreme  values  and  can  be  considered  an  outlier.  This 
correlation should therefore be run again by dropping DC.  

Graph 31. Correlation between average yearly allocations of Economic, Social and 
Territorial Investments per capita and the GDP PPP per capita of US States (DC 
dropped) during the 2007-2013 period. 

99 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Without DC, a positive correlation between GDP PPP per capita of US States and ESTI 
allocations per capita can still be noticed, with a reduced correlation coefficient of 0.45. 
The predictive power of the simple regression is also dropping dramatically, with a R² 
of 20%. However, the relationship between variables remains significant. 

As  a  conclusion,  evidence  suggests  that  in  the  EU  ESTI  allocations  are  primarily 
performed in the less developed regions. On the contrary, the US model is thought to 
favour  the  more  developed  regions.  However,  it  should  be  reminded  that  the  EU  is 
conducting  expenditures  similar  to  ESTI  outside  the  Cohesion  Policy.  Therefore,  the 
strength of the negative relationship between ESTI allocations per capita and level of 
development for the EU might be overestimated. Also, the 2007-2013 period in the US 
was marked by the response to the crisis, that might have altered ESTI allocations with 
low territorial targeting.  

Moreover, further studies should refine the analysis to draw general conclusions on the 
two models. Notably, considering lower territorial scales in the US would be necessary 
before  achieving  perfect  certainty  on  the  model  specificities  regarding  level  of 
development.  

5.3 Rural/urban divide 

Whether the ESTI effort of the two entities favour certain types of territories is also an 
important  field  of  interest,  be  it  by  design  or  by  result  of  unintended  effects.  A  core 
divide between territories is the urban/rural classification. In this section, density is used 
as a proxy for territory type, with low densities assumed to be representative of rural 
regions and high densities of urban regions. Of course, this approach only provides a 
broad  overview  of  the  situation  and  should  be  further  refined  with  additional 
indicators129. Moreover, this test is mostly significant for the EU NUTS 2 regions as the 
level  of  details  for  EU  Member  States  and  US  States  does  not  necessarily  mean  that 
density is a good proxy for a rural/urban classification. Future studies may attempt to 
apply this test on smaller geographical regions, such as the US counties. Studying ESTI 
per  capita  allows  to  capture  the  actual  effect  of  density  by  taking  into  account  the 
population differences.  

129 Pizzoli, ‘How to Best Classify Rural and Urban’. 

100 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
Graph 32. Correlation between average yearly allocations of Economic, Social and 
Territorial Investments per capita and the density of EU Member States during 
the 2007 – 2013 period. 

Graph 33. Correlation between average yearly allocations of Economic, Social and 
Territorial Investments per capita and the density of EU NUTS 2 regions during 
the 2007-2013 period. 

101 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For the  EU, there appears to be no significant relationship between density and ESTI 
allocations  per  capita.  Indeed,  the  predictive  power  of  the  simple  regressions  is  very 
low, with R² of 0.005% for Member States and 0.36% for NUTS 2 regions. Moreover, 
the regression coefficients are not significant. A weak negative correlation can still be 
observed. However, the relationship may be biased primarily because of countries with 
small territories, i.e. Malta as a significant outlier, or because of densely populated urban 
agglomerations  located  in  the  most  developed  Member  States,  i.e.  London.  Nothing 
significant  can  therefore  be  stated  about  the  relationship  between  density  and  ESTI 
allocations per capita in the EU. These findings tend to confirm that EU Cohesion Policy 
does not favour rural or urban territories. 

Graph 34. Correlation between average yearly allocations of Economic, Social and 
Territorial  Investments  per  capita  and  the  density  of  US  States  during  the 
2007-2013 period. 

For the US, density seems to be positively correlated to ESTI allocations per capita. The 
simple regression leads to a high R² of 26%. The regression coefficient is significant at 
5%. However, DC is a very clear outlier in this situation. This can be explained by the 
very  small  territory  of  this  region.  By  dropping  it,  a  different  relationship  can  be 
observed.  

102 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Graph 35. Correlation between average yearly allocations of Economic, Social and 
Territorial Investments and the density of US States (DC dropped) during the 
2007-2013 period. 

In this case, the correlation between density and ESTI allocations per capita becomes 
negative. Moreover, the predictive power of the model is low with a R² of 8.6% without 
DC.  The  regression  coefficient  is  significant  at  5%.  Interpretation  is  thus  difficult,  as 
relationships between density and ESTI allocations per capita are contradictory in the 
US depending on whether DC is included or not. As a consequence, further analysis is 
required to conclude on the link between density and ESTI allocations per capita in this 
model. Furthermore, density is probably not a complete proxy for the rural/urban divide 
at  the  US  States  level,  so  additional  criteria  and  smaller  territorial  scales  should  be 
added as well.  

In  a  nutshell,  the  urban/rural  divide  -  as  accounted  by  density  -  does  not  seem  to 
correlate with ESTI allocations per capita in the EU. The situation is unclear in the US 
and might require further analysis. Adding control variables could be a way to refine the 
analysis in future studies. 

5.4 US specificities   

In the EU, allocations of ESTI are planned by negotiations between the Member States 
and the European Commission, through a seven-year process130. This procedure shields 
allocations from political changes and macroeconomic shocks. These political and short-
term factors could have an impact on the US ESTI, and shall therefore be studied. 

Indeed,  in  the  US,  the  process  for  ESTI  allocations  is  conducted  mainly  by  the 
Congress131, that decides yearly budgetary allocations for federal grants. Therefore, an 

130 EU Regional Policy, Cohesion Policy 2007-13. 
131 OMB, ‘Learn Grants’. 

103 

 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
analysis of the influence of political variables on US ESTI allocations might be relevant 
to fully understand the specificities of this system compared to the EU. 

In order to test the relevance of the political factors on US ESTI allocations, a composite 
political index is to be computed. The political leaning of US States is summarised by an 
index ranging from -1 (fully Democrat) to +1 (fully Republican). This index is determined 
by averaging political scores of State governors and legislatures during the 2007-2013 
period132. A Democrat political majority is given a score of -1, it is +1 for a Republican 
majority.  A  similar  index  is  also  computed  for  the  political  leaning  of  the  Congress 
between  2007  and  2013133.  During  that  period,  the  Congress  was  mainly  Democrat, 
with a score of -0.5.  

Then a political alignment index is computed, showing the correspondence between US 
States political leaning and the Congress political leaning. Positive values mean higher 
political convergence between US States and US Congress. For instance, Texas was a 
Republican leaning State during the period, contrary to the Congress. Therefore, it has 
a very negative value as political alignment index.  

This political alignment index is then compared to US ESTI allocations during the 2007-
2013 period. A positive relationship could imply an influence of political factors on ESTI 
allocations. 

Graph 36. Correlation between average yearly allocations of Economic, Social and 
Territorial  Investments  and  the  political  alignment  of  US  States  with  the 
Congress during the 2007-2013 period. 

Political alignment between the Congress and the US States seems to be uncorrelated 
to ESTI allocations, similarly with the 7-year and technical process of the EU. Indeed, 
no pattern is shown by the graph. A possible explanation is the weight of formula grants 
in the ESTI allocations - notably in “Transport” - that are influenced by technical factors 

132 Bump, ‘The History of Every Governor’s Seat in Every State, in 1 Chart’; NCSL, ‘State Partisan Composition’. 
133 Office of the Clerk of the House of Representatives, ‘Composition of Congress by Party 1855–2017’. 

104 

 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
and  not  by  political  considerations134.    The  situation  appears  to  be  similar  when 
considering ESTI allocations per capita.  

However,  political  variables  could  play  a  role  on  ESTI  allocations  in  the  US,  but  by 
regional proximity rather than by political party. Indeed, politicians of the same regions 
may favour their geographical area. Thus, further studies could focus on that particular 
hypothesis. Seniority of congressmen could also be a factor to take into account135 

The 2007-2013 period is also impacted by the crisis. By definition, EU Cohesion Policy 
cannot  react  immediately  as  it  must  follow  a  fixed  framework  for  the  period.  On  the 
contrary, the US budget can adapt to macroeconomic shocks. The reactivity of US ESTI 
allocations to this shock is thus to be assessed. 

Graph 37. Yearly composition of Economic, Social and Territorial Investments in 

the US as share of the US GDP. 

The first observation is that the scope of the US ESTI can adapt yearly to face severe 
economic hardship. Indeed, the budget dedicated to ESTI doubles during the 2009-2010 
period compared to normal years. Thus, ESTI in the US may be one of the instruments 
involved in a macroeconomic stabiliser function. However, it should be underlined that 
the weight of ESTI is very modest as a macroeconomic stabiliser instrument, as ESTI 
allocations represent less than 1% of the US GDP even in the peak year of the period.  

Regarding  the  ESTI  content,  it  appears  that  the  US  model  implies  the  possibility  to 
change dramatically the composition of ESTI in response to shocks. As a matter of fact, 
the composition of ESTI by category is very stable during the 2007-2013 period, except 
for 2009-2010. In 2009 especially, the share of ESTI dedicated to energy was 5.8 times 
greater  than  the  average  during  the  period.  For  social  infrastructures,  it  is  3.7  times 
greater. It follows the priorities of the ARRA136. The US model thus allows adaptation to 

134 OMB, ‘Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance’. 
135 Feyrer and Sacerdote, ‘Did the Stimulus Stimulate? Real Time Estimates of the Effects of the American 

Recovery and Reinvestment Act’. 

136 Ibid. 

105 

 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
shocks,  but  at  the  price  of  greater  uncertainty.  Moreover,  the  impact  of  the  stimulus 
package may alter the territorial target of ESTI allocations during the period. To sum 
up, further studies are required to fully assess the specificities of the US ESTI model, 
particularly during standard non-crisis periods.  

106 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CONCLUSION 

This  report  allows  a  comparative  overview  of  the  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and 
Territorial Investments (ESTI) in the EU and the US during the 2007-2013 period. 

The  main  output  of  this  study  is  the  ESTI  database,  which  was  conceived  after  the 
elaboration of a specific typology to classify the considered EU and US ESTI allocations. 
Thanks to the applied methodological choices, the ESTI database constitutes a powerful 
tool to provide elements regarding the research questions of this report. Moreover, the 
ESTI database is also exploitable by further studies. 

The  goal  of  this  study  was  to  test  various  hypotheses  at  the  EU  NUTS  2  regions,  EU 
Member  States  and  US  States  level.  The  first  tested  dimension  was  whether  the  two 
models produce different situations regarding sectoral and spatial ESTI allocations. The 
second  tested  dimension  dealt  with  the  role  of  population  in  determining  ESTI 
allocations. Thirdly, the link between the level of development of territories and ESTI 
allocations was studied. Furthermore, the ESTI allocations have been explored regarding 
their potential focus on urban or rural territories. The last considered aspect was related 
to some specificities of the US model, notably in terms of political and macroeconomic 
factors.   

All in all, through these different perspectives, the ESTI database allowed to advance 
some conclusions on whether institutional differences between the EU and the US ESTI 
models produce opposed territorial effects. However, some limits have to be taken into 
account even though they do not undermine the coherence of the results. These limits 
are of two kinds: some of them are linked to the institutional differences between the 
EU and the US, while others are related to the technical choices adopted for this study. 
Acknowledging this fact, it was possible to proceed with the analysis in order to answer 
the research questions. The observations allowed to draw the following conclusions.  

Firstly,  it  appeared  that  the  scope  of  the  ESTI  budgets  is  the  reflection  of 
institutional  differences  between  the  EU  and  the  US.  Indeed,  ESTI  allocations 
represent 38% of the EU budget, while they account for not even 3% of the US budget. 
However, it must not be forgotten that the US Federal budget is 15 times larger than 
the EU Community one. In terms of share of GDP dedicated to ESTI, the situation 
is similar in the EU (0.4%) and the US (0.6%).  

Interesting results emerged from the sectoral analysis of ESTI allocations. The striking 
difference between the EU and US distributions concerns the ESTI allocated to 
“Transport”  (16%  of  ESTI  in  the  EU,  65%  in  the  US).  Accordingly,  the  weight  of 
transport,  notably  of  roads,  is  massive  for  the  US  ESTI.  Regarding  the  similarities 
between  the  two  models,  ESTI  dedicated  to  “Territorial  development”  represent 
10% of the US ESTI and 6% in the EU. It may go against the common belief that 
the US does not invest on this kind of expenditures. 

Through  cartography  and  correlations,  the  geographical  distribution  of  ESTI  was 
presented  in  order  to  understand  at  a  first  glance  the  territorial  dimensions  of  these 
allocations in the EU and in the US. It appeared that in the EU, the less developed 
territories  in  terms  of  GDP  PPP  per  capita  are  favoured  by  ESTI  allocations, 
whereas it  seems  reversed  in the  US. The  analysis of  ESTI as  share of local GDP 
gave  a  picture  of  the  importance  of  ESTI  allocations  to  finance  investments  in  the 
territories.  In the US, the States with the highest levels of ESTI as share of GDP are 
isolated  States  in  the  North-West  as  well  as  Alaska.  For  the  EU,  Eastern  and 
Central  Europe  regions  feature  the  highest  levels  of  ESTI  as  share  of  GDP, 
notably  Hungary.  The  analysis  of  ESTI  per  capita  generally  yielded  the  same  spatial 
results. As a result of other tests, it appeared that in the EU, ESTI allocations seem 
to be concentrated in territories representing a small fraction of the EU GDP. 

107 

 
 
 
On the contrary, the US model seems to attribute ESTI almost homogeneously, 
though it may be an artefact of the Stimulus Package. Population was also proven to be 
a major driver of ESTI allocations in both models. However, no significant relationship 
was found between density and ESTI allocations in the EU or the US, even if it may not 
be a good proxy  for the  rural/urban divide, because of the scales  of the comparison. 
Furthermore, particularities of the US model did not seem to make its ESTI vulnerable 
to political pressures. However, it appeared that the flexibility of yearly federal grants 
allows greater adaptation to macroeconomic shocks. 

This study paves the way for more research thanks to the elaborated database. Future 
studies may try to take a more holistic approach, comparing the entire EU investment 
policies to the US federal model. Other levels of government are also to be considered. 
This approach would allow reduced methodological limits and even greater conclusive 
power. 

108 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
REFERENCES 

Amadeo,  Kimberly.  ‘Did  Obama’s  Stimulus  Plan  Work?’  About.com  Money,  2016. 

http://useconomy.about.com/od/candidatesandtheeconomy/a/Obama_Stimulu
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113 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
APPENDIX 

1. TYPOLOGY APPLICATION 

Appendix – Table 1. Typology applied to EU Priorities. 

Level 1 

Level 2 

Level 3 

1 - Applied 
R&D and 
Innovation 

11 - R&D activities 

110 - R&D activities 

12 - R&D infrastructures 

120 - R&D infrastructures 

13 - Promotion of innovation in 
enterprises 
14 - Other R&D/innovation 

130 - Promotion of innovation in 
enterprises 
140 - Other R&D/innovation 

2 - Transport 

21 - Rail transport 

22 - Road transport 

23 - Maritime transport and 
waterways 
24 - Air transport 

210 - Rail transport 

220 - Road transport 

230 - Maritime transport and 
waterways 
240 - Air transport 

25 - Other transport/mixed 

250 - Other transport/mixed 

3 - ICT 

31 - ICT infrastructures 

310 - ICT infrastructures 

4 - Social 
Infrastructures 

41 - Education infrastructures 

410 - Education infrastructures 

42 - Health infrastructures 

420 - Health infrastructures 

43 - Housing infrastructures 

430 - Housing infrastructures 

5 - Human 
Capital 

6 - Enterprises 
Support 
7 - Natural 
Resources and 
Energy 

44 - Other social infrastructures 

51 - Education and training 

52 - Support to employment 
access 
61 - Aids to enterprises 

71 - Electricity (unspecified: 
generation, distribution, storage) 

72 - Fossil energy 

440 - Other social 
infrastructures 
510 - Education and training 

520 - Support to employment 
access 
610 - Aids to enterprises 

710 - Electricity (unspecified: 
generation, distribution, 
storage) 
721 - Gas 

73 - Renewables 

722 - Petroleum 

723 - Mixed 

731 - Wind 

732 - Solar 

733 - Biomass 

734 - Other 

735 - Mixed 

74 - Other sources of energy 

740 - Other sources of energy 

8 - 
Environment 

75 - Energy 
efficiency/conservation 
81 - Environmental quality and 
pollution control 

750 - Energy 
efficiency/conservation 
811 - Air 

812 - Water 

813 - Land 

814 - Waste 

815 - Integrated/mixed 
approach 

114 

 
 
 
 
 
 
82 - Climate change action 

820 - Climate change action 

83 - Biodiversity/nature 
protection 
84 - Environmental risk 
prevention 
91 - Touristic development of the 
territory 
92 - Cultural development of the 
territory 
101 - Territorial regeneration 

830 - Biodiversity/nature 
protection 
840 - Environmental risk 
prevention 
910 - Touristic development of 
the territory 
920 - Cultural development of 
the territory 
1010 -  Territorial regeneration 

101 - Aids to lagging territories 

1020 - Aids to lagging territories 

9 - Touristic 
and Cultural 
development 

10 - Territorial 
Development 

Sources: DG Empl, DG Regio, European Commission, Authors’ calculation 

Appendix – Table 2. Typology applied to US Programmes. 

Programme Title 

Level 1 

Level 2  Level 3  Explicitely 

targeted 
territory 

NATIONAL CENTER FOR PRESERVATION 
TECHNOLOGY & TRAINING PROGRAM 
National Center for Preservation 
Technology and Training 
Stewardship Science Grant Program 

Brookwood-Sago Grant 

Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation 

North American Wetlands Conservation 
Fund 
Technical Assistance and Training Grants 

Laboratory Training, Evaluation, and 
Quality Assurance Programs 
Statewide Data Systems 

Statewide Data Systems, Recovery Act 

Alaska Native Serving and Native 
Hawaiian Serving Institutions Education 
Grants 
Appalachian Local Development District 
Assistance 
KLAMATH BASIN WATER SUPPLY 
ENHANCEMENT ACT OF 2000 
*FEDERALLY ASSISTED LOW-INCOME 
HOUSING DRUG ELIMINATION (1997U) 
*SAFE NEIGHBORHOOD GRANTS 
(1997U) 
108-7 ARBUCKLE 
SIMPSON/UNCOMPAHGRE 
16.751 & 16.738 National Initiatives 

16.754 - Harold Rogers Prescription Drug 
Monitoring Program 
16.816 - John R. Justice 

1994 Institutions Research Program 

7(j) Technical Assistance 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

YES 

YES 

115 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
93.518 - Affordable Care Act - Medicare 
Improvements for Patients and Providers 
Abandoned Infants 

Academic Exchange Programs - 
Educational Advising and Student 
Services 
Academic Exchange Programs - English 
Language Programs 
Academic Exchange Programs - Hubert 
H. Humphrey Fellowship Program 
Academic Exchange Programs - 
Humphrey Fellowship Program 
Academic Exchange Programs - Scholars 

Academic Exchange Programs - Special 
Academic Exchange Programs 
Academic Exchange Programs - Teachers 

Academic Exchange Programs - 
Undergraduate Programs 
ACADEMIC PARTNERSHIP PROGRAMS 

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome 
(AIDS) Activity 
Adolescent Family Life Research Grants 

Adolescent Family Life_Demonstration 
Projects 
Adoption Assistance 

Adoption Incentive Payments 

Adoption Opportunities 

Adult Viral Hepatitis Prevention and 
Control 
Advanced Nursing Education Grant 
Program 
Advanced Nursing Education 
Traineeships 
Advancing System Improvements to 
Support Targets for Healthy People 2010 
Aeronautics 

Aeronautics 

Affordable Care Act - Medicare 
Improvements for Patients and Providers 
Affordable Care Act - National 
Environmental Public Health Tracking 
Program-Network Implementation 
Affordable Care Act - Teaching Health 
Center Graduate Medical Education 
Payments Program 
Affordable Care Act (ACA) ├é┬┐ 
Consumer Assistance Program Grants 
Affordable Care Act (ACA) ├é┬┐ Family 
to Family Health Information Centers 
Affordable Care Act (ACA) Abstinence 
Education Program 
Affordable Care Act (ACA) Advanced 
Nursing Education Expansion Initiative 
Affordable Care Act (ACA) Childhood 
Obesity Research Demonstration 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

116 

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
Affordable Care Act (ACA) Expansion of 
Physician Assistant Training Program 
Affordable Care Act (ACA) Grants to 
States for Health Insurance Premium 
Review 
Affordable Care Act (ACA) Health 
Profession Opportunity Grants 
Affordable Care Act (ACA) Maternal, 
Infant, and Early Childhood Home 
Visiting Program 
Affordable Care Act (ACA) Maternal, 
Infant, and Early Childhood Home 
Visiting Research Programs 
Affordable Care Act (ACA) Nursing and 
Home Health Aides Training Program 
Affordable Care Act (ACA) Nursing 
Assistant and Home Health Aide Program 
Affordable Care Act (ACA) Personal and 
Home Care Aide State Training Program 
(PHCAST) 
Affordable Care Act (ACA) Personal 
Responsibility Education Program 
Affordable Care Act (ACA) Primary Care 
Residency Expansion Program 
Affordable Care Act ├é┬┐ Aging and 
Disability Resource Center 
Affordable Care Act ├é┬┐ National 
Health Service Corps 
Affordable Care Act Implementation 
Support for State Demonstrations to 
Integrate Care for Medicare-Medicaid 
Enrollees 
Affordable Care Act Program for Early 
Detection of Certain Medical Conditions 
Related to Environmental Health Hazards 
Affordable Care Act State Health 
Insurance Assistance Program (SHIP) 
and Aging and Disability Resource Center 
(ADRC) Options Counseling for Medicare-
Medicaid Individuals in States with 
Approved Financial Alignment Models 
Affordable Care Act Streamlined 
surveillance for ventilator-associated 
pneumonia: Reducing burden and 
demonstrating preventability 
Affordable Care Act Streamlined 
surveillance for ventilator-associated 
pneumonia: Reducing burden and 
demonstrating preventability; and 
Prevention and Public Health Fund 
African Elephant Conservation Fund 

Aging Congregate Nutrition Services for 
States 
Aging Home-Delivered Nutrition Services 
for States 
Aging Nutrition Services for Native 
Americans 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

117 

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
Aging Research 

Agricultural and Rural Economic 
Research 
Agricultural and Rural Economic 
Research, Cooperative Agreements and 
Collaborations 
Agricultural Management Assistance 

Agricultural Market and Economic 
Research 
Agricultural Research_Basic and Applied 
Research 
Agricultural Statistics Reports 

Agricultural Water Enhancement 
Program 
Agriculture and Food Research Initiative 
(AFRI) 
AIDS Education and Training Centers 

Air Force Defense Research Sciences 
Program 
Alaska Migratory Bird Co-Management 
Council 
Alcohol Impaired Driving 
Countermeasures Incentive Grants I 
Alcohol Open Container Requirements 

Alcohol Research Career Development 
Awards for Scientists and Clinicians 
Alcohol Research Programs 

Allergy, Immunology and 
Transplantation Research 
Alternate Non-Emergency Service 
Providers or Networks 
Alternative Housing Pilot Program 

Alternatives Analysis 

Alzheimer's Disease Demonstration 
Grants to States 
American Overseas Research Centers 

Anadromous Fish Conservation Act 
Program 
Animal Health and Disease Research 

Antiterrorism Emergency Reserve 

Appalachian Research, Technical 
Assistance, and Demonstration Projects 
Aquaculture Grants Program (AGP) 

ARCHEOLOGY 

ARRA - Immunization 

ARRA - Nursing Workforce Diversity 

ARRA - Preventing Healthcare-Associated 
Infections 
ARRA - Prevention and Wellness - 
Leveraging National Organizations 
ARRA - Prevention and Wellness ├é┬┐ 
Communities Putting Prevention to Work 
Funding Opportunities Announcement 
(FOA) 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

118 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
ARRA - Prevention and Wellness-State, 
Territories and Pacific Islands 
ARRA - Public Health Traineeship 
Program 
ARRA - Scholarships for Disadvantaged 
Students 
ARRA - State Loan Repayment Program 

ARRA - State Primary Care Offices 

ARRA ├é┬┐ Strengthening Communities 
Fund 
ARRA ├é┬┐ Child Care and Development 
Block Grant 
ARRA ├é┬┐ Emergency Contingency 
Fund for Temporary Assistance for 
Needy Families (TANF) State Program 
ARRA ├é┬┐ Licensure Portability Grant 
Program 
ARRA ├é┬┐ Temporary Assistance for 
Needy Families (TANF) Supplemental 
Grants 
ARRA Grants for Training in Primary Care 
Medicine and Dentistry Training and 
Enhancement 
ARRA Prevention Research Centers 
Comparative Effectiveness Research 
Program 
Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin 
Diseases Research 
Arts Exchanges on International Issues 

Arts in Education 

Asian Elephant Conservation Fund 

Assets for Independence Demonstration 
Program 
Assistance for Torture Victims 

Assistance Programs for Chronic Disease 
Prevention and Control 
Assistance to Firefighters Grant 

Assistance to Firefighters Grant (ARRA) 

Assisted Living Conversion for Eligible 
Multifamily Housing Projects 
Assistive Technology 

Assistive Technology_State Grants for 
Protection and Advocacy 
Atlantic Coastal Fisheries Cooperative 
Management Act 
Basic Scientific Research - Combating 
Weapons of Mass Destruction 
Basic Center Grant 

Basic Scientific Research 

Basic Scientific Research - Combating 
Weapons of Mass Destruction 
Basic, Applied, and Advanced Research 
in Science and Engineering 
Beginning Farmer and Rancher 
Development Program 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

119 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
Biological Sciences 

Birth Defects and Developmental 
Disabilities - Prevention and Surveillance 
Block Grants for Community Mental 
Health Services 
Block Grants for Prevention and 
Treatment of Substance Abuse 
Blood Diseases and Resources Research 

Boating Safety Financial Assistance 

Border Enforcement Grants 

Border Interoperability Demonstration 
Project 
Breastfeeding Promotion and Support 
├é┬┐ Improving Maternity Care Practices 
project financed solely by Public 
Prevention and Health Funds 
BROWNFIELD PILOTS COOPERATIVE 
AGREEMENTS 
Brownfields Training, Research, and 
Technical Assistance Grants and 
Cooperative Agreements 
Building Capacity to Implement EPA 
National Guidelines for School 
Environmental Health Programs 
BUREAU OF INTERNATIONAL LABOR 
AFFAIRS 
Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs 

Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs 
(WHA) Grant Programs (including Energ 
Byrd Honors Scholarships 

Byrne Criminal Justice Innovation 
Program 
Byrne Discretionary Program 

Cancer Biology Research 

Cancer Cause and Prevention Research 

Cancer Control 

Cancer Detection and Diagnosis 
Research 
Cancer Treatment Research 

Capital Case Litigation 

Cardiovascular Diseases Research 

Cataract Research 

CELL BIOLOGY AND BIOPHYSICS 
RESEARCH 
CENTER FOR MEDICAL REHABILITATION 
RESEARCH 
Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean 
Research_Coastal Ocean Program 
Centers for Academic Excellence 

Centers for Disease Control and 
Prevention ├é┬┐Affordable Care Act 
(ACA) ├é┬┐ Communities Putting 
Prevention to Work 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

120 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
Centers for Disease Control and 
Prevention_Investigations and Technical 
Assistance 
Centers for Disease Control and 
Prevention_Investigations and Technical 
Assistance 
Centers for Genomics and Public Health 

Centers for Homeland Security 

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid 
Services (CMS) Research, 
Demonstrations and Evaluations 
Chafee Education and Training Vouchers 
Program (ETV) 
Chafee Foster Care Independence 
Program 
Charles B. Rangel International Affairs 
Program 
Chemical Emergency Preparedness and 
Prevention (CEPP) Technical Assistance 
Grants Program 
Chesapeake Bay Studies 

Child Abuse and Neglect Discretionary 
Activities 
Child Abuse and Neglect State Grants 

Child and Adult Care Food Program 

Child Care Access Means Parents in 
School 
Child Care and Development Block Grant 

Child Care Mandatory and Matching 
Funds of the Child Care and 
Development Fund 
Child Nutrition Discretionary Grants 
Limited Availability 
Child Safety and Child Booster Seats 
Incentive Grants 
Child Support Enforcement 

Child Support Enforcement 
Demonstrations and Special Projects 
Child Support Enforcement Research 

Child Welfare Research Training or 
Demonstration 
Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention 
Projects_State and Local Childhood Lead 
Poisoning Prevention and Surveillance of 
Blood Lead Levels in Children 
Children and Youth Exposed 

Children Exposed to Violence 

Children Exposed to Violence 

Children's Health Insurance Program 

Children's Hospitals Graduate Medical 
Education Payment 
Children's Hospitals Graduate Medical 
Education Payment Program 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

121 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
Children's Justice Act Partnerships for 
Indian Communities 
Children's Justice Grants to States 

Chiropractic Demonstration Project 
Grants 
Chronic Diseases: Research, Control, and 
Prevention 
Citizen Corps 

Citizenship Education and Training 

Civic Education - We the People and the 
Cooperative Education Exchange 
Program 
Civil Rights Training and Advisory 
Services 
Coal Miners Respiratory Impairment 
Treatment Clinics and Services 
Coastal Program 

Coastal Zone Management 
Administration Awards 
Cochran Fellowship Program-
International Training-Foreign Participant 
COLLECTION OF GENETIC SAMPLES 
FROM WILD BLACK FOOTED FERRETS 
College Access Challenge Grant Program 

Columbia River Fisheries Development 
Program 
COMBATING EXPLOITIVE CHILD LABOR 
THROUGH EDUCATION IN UGANDA 
Commercial Driver's License Program 
Improvement Grant 
Commodity Partnerships for Risk 
Management Education 
Commodity Partnerships for Small 
Agricultural Risk Management Education 
Sessions 
Commodity Supplemental Food Program 

Common Bean Productivity Research for 
Global Food Security Competitive 
Program 
Community Capacity Development Office 

Community Compass Technical 
Assistance and Capacity Building 
Community Development Block 
Grants/Technical Assistance Program 
Community Economic Adjustment 
Assistance for Advance Planning and 
Economic Diversification 
Community Economic Adjustment 
Assistance for Compatible Use and Joint 
Land Use Studies 
Community Economic Adjustment 
Assistance for Reductions in Defense 
Industry Employment 
Community Economic Adjustment 
Diversification Planning 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

122 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
Community Economic Adjustment 
Planning Assistance for Joint Land Use 
Studies 
Community Programs to Improve 
Minority Health Grant Program 
Community Prosecution and Project Safe 
Neighborhoods 
Community-Based Abstinence Education 
(CBAE) 
Community-Based Child Abuse 
Prevention Grants 
Community-Based Violence Prevention 
Program 
Compassion Capital Fund 

Competitive Abstinence Education (CAE) 

Complex Humanitarian Emergency and 
War-Related Injury Public Health 
Activities 
Comprehensive Community Mental 
Health Services for Children with Serious 
Emotional Disturbances (SED) 
Comprehensive Geriatric Education 
Program(CGEP) 
Comprehensive Residential Drug 
Prevention and Treatment Projects for 
Subst 
CONFERENCES 

CONGRESSIONAL 

Congressional Grants 

Congressionally Directed Assistance 

Congressionally Recommended Awards 

Congressionally Recommended Awards 

Congressionally-Identified Projects 

CONSERVATION 

CONSERVATION CORPS 

Consolidated Health Centers (Community 
Health Centers, Migrant Health Centers, 
Health Care for the Homeless, and Public 
Housing Primary Care) 
Consolidated Health Centers (Community 
Health Centers, Migrant Health Centers, 
Health Care for the Homeless, Public 
Housing Primary Care, and School Based 
Health Centers) 
Consolidated Pesticide Enforcement 
Cooperative Agreements 
Consolidated Tribal Government Program 

Consultation Agreements 

Consumer Data and Information 
Program 
Contributions to International 
Organizations for Overseas Assistance 
Convicted Offender and/or Arrestee DNA 
Backlog Reduction Program 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

123 

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
COOPERATING TECHNICAL PARTNERS 

COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT FOR 
PURPOSE OF UTILIZING STATE 
PRISONERS 
Cooperative Agreements for Addiction 
Treatment Training Centers 
Cooperative Agreements for State 
Treatment Outcomes and Performance 
Pilot Studies Enhancement 
Cooperative Agreements for State-Based 
Diabetes Control Programs and 
Evaluation of Surveillance Systems 
Cooperative Agreements to Improve the 
Health Status of Minority Populations 
Cooperative Agreements to Support 
Comprehensive School Health Programs 
to Prevent the Spread of HIV and Other 
Important Health Problems 
Cooperative Agreements to Support 
State-Based Safe Motherhood and Infant 
Health Initiative Programs 
Cooperative Agreements with States for 
Intrastate Meat and Poultry Inspection 
Cooperative Development Program 
(CDP) 
COOPERATIVE ECOSYSTEM SYSTEM 
STUDIES UNIT AWARDS 
Cooperative Extension Service 

Cooperative Fishery Statistics 

Cooperative Inspection Agreements with 
States and Tribes 
COOPERATIVE RESEARCH AND 
TRAINING 
Cooperative Research Units Program 

Cooperative Research Units Training 
Program 
Cooperative Science and Education 
Program 
Coordinated Services and Access to 
Research for Women, Infants, Children, 
and Youth 
Correctional Grant Program for Indian 
Tribes 
Counter Narcotics 

COUNTERNARCOTICS 

COUNTERNARCOTICS 

Court Appointed Special Advocates 

Court Appointed Special Advocates 

CPD's Transformation Intitiative 
Technicial Assistance 
Crime Victim Assistance 

Crime Victim Assistance/Discretionary 
Grants 
Crime Victim Compensation 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

124 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
Criminal and Juvenile Justice and Mental 
Health Collaboration Program 
Criminal Justice Research and 
Development_Graduate Research 
Fellowships 
CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEMS 

Crisis Counseling 

Crop Insurance Education in Targeted 
States 
Cross Agency Support 

CSBG DISCRETIONARY AWARDS-
COMMUNITY FOOD AND NUTRITION 
Cuban/Haitian Entrant Program 

CULTURAL RESOURCES 

Cultural, Technical and Educational 
Centers 
Culturally and Linguistically Specific 
Services Program 
Cybersecurity Education and Training 
Assistance Program (CETAP) 
DC School Choice Incentive Program 

Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation 
Research 
Delta Health Care Services Grant 
Program 
Demonstration Grants to States for 
Community Scholarships 
Demonstration Projects for Indian Health 

Department of Defense Appropriation Act 
of 2003 
Department of Defense HIV/AIDS 
Prevention Program 
Department of Defense Impact Aid 
(Supplement, CWSD, BRAC) 
Development and Coordination of Rural 
Health Services 
Developmental Disabilities Basic Support 
and Advocacy Grants 
Developmental Disabilities Projects of 
National Significance 
Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases 
Extramural Research 
Digestive Diseases and Nutrition 
Research 
Disabilities Prevention 

Disadvantaged Health Professions 
Faculty Loan Repayment (FLRP) and 
Minority Faculty Fellowship Program 
(MFFP) 
Disaster Housing Assistance Grant 

DISASTER HOUSING PROGRAM 

Disaster Relief Appropriations 
Act├é┬┐Emergency Food Assistance 
Program (Administrative Costs) 
DISPATCH SERVICES 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

125 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
DOD, NDEP, DOTC-STEM Education 
Outreach Implementation 
Driver's License Security Grant Program 

Drug Abuse and Addiction Research 
Programs 
Drug Abuse National Research Service 
Awards for Research Training 
Drug Abuse Scientist Development 
Awards, Research Scientist Development 
Aw 
Drug Court Discretionary Grant Program 

Drug Court Discretionary Grant Program 

Drug-Free Communities Support 
Program Grants 
Drug-Free Workplace Program 

EASE 2.0 

East Asia and Pacific Grants Program 

East Asia and Pacific Grants Program 

ECA Individual Grants 

Economic Development_Technical 
Assistance 
Economic High-Tech and Cyber Crime 
Prevention 
Economic Statecraft 

Education 

Education 

Education and Prevention Grants to 
Reduce Sexual Abuse of Runaway, 
Homeless and Street Youth 
Education Quality Award 
Ambassadorship 
Education, Training, and Enhanced 
Services to End Violence Against and 
Abuse of Women with Disabilities 
Educational and Cultural Exchange 
Programs Appropriation Overseas Grants 
Educational and Cultural Exchange 
Programs Appropriation Overseas Grants 
Educational Exchange, American Studies 
Institute 
Educational Exchange_Congress-
Bundestag Youth Exchange 
EDUCATIONAL EXCHANGE-NIS 
SECONDARY SCHOOL INITIATIVE 
Educational Partnership Program 

EDUCATIONS 

Edward Byrne Memorial Competitive 
Grant Program 
Edward Byrne Memorial Justice 
Assistance Grant Program 
Edward Byrne Memorial State and Local 
Law Enforcement Assistance 
Discretionary Grants Program 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

126 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
Electronic Absentee Systems for 
Elections 
ELLENDER FELLOWSHIPS OLDER 
AMERICAN/RECENT IMMIGRANTS 
Emergency Food and Shelter National 
Board Program 
Emergency Food and Shelter National 
Board Program (ARRA) 
Emergency Food Assistance Program 
(Administrative Costs) 
Emergency Homeowners├é┬┐ Loan 
Program 
Emergency Management Performance 
Grant Program 
Emergency Management Performance 
Grants 
Emergency Management Performance 
Grants 
Emergency Medical Services for Children 

Emergency Shelter Grants Program 

Emergency Solutions Grant Program 

Emergency System for Advance 
Registration of Volunteer Health 
Professionals 
Empowering Older Adults and Adults 
with Disabilities through Chronic Disease 
Self-Management Education Programs 
├é┬┐ financed by 2012 Prevention and 
Public Health Funds (PPHF-2012) 
Empowering Older Adults and Adults 
with Disabilities through Chronic Disease 
Self-Management Education Programs 
├é┬┐ financed by Prevention and Public 
Health Funds (PPHF) 
Energy Cooperatives to Support the 
National Coal Resources Data System 
(NCRDS) 
Enforcing Underage Drinking Laws 
Program 
Enforcing Underage Drinking Laws 
Program 
Engaging Men and Youth in Preventing 
Domestic Violence, Dating Violence, 
Sexual Assault, and Stalking 
Engineering Grants 

Enhance Safety of Children Affected by 
Substance Abuse 
Enhance the Safety of Children Affected 
by Parental Methamphetamine or Other 
Substance Abuse 
Enhanced Hunter Education and Safety 
Program 
Enhanced Training and Services to End 
Violence and Abuse of Women Later in 
Life 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

127 

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
Environmental and Scientific 
Partnerships and Programs 
Environmental Finance Center Grants 

Environmental Health 

Environmental Information Exchange 
Network Grant Program and Related 
Assistance 
Environmental Justice Collaborative 
Problem-Solving Cooperative Agreement 
Program 
Environmental Justice Small Grant 
Program 
ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE TRAINING 
AND FELLOWSHIP ASSISTANCE 
Environmental Policy and Innovation 
Grants 
Environmental Policy and State 
Sustainability Grants 
ENVIRONMENTAL 
PROTECTION_CONSOLIDATED 
RESEARCH GRANTS 
Environmental Public Health and 
Emergency Response 
Epidemiologic Research Studies of 
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome 
(AIDS) and Human Immunodeficiency 
Virus (HIV) Infection in Selected 
Population Groups 
Epidemiology and Other Health Studies 
Financial Assistance Program 
Epidemiology Cooperative Agreements 

EUR/ACE Humanitarian Assistance 
Program 
EUR/ACE National Endowment for 
Democracy Small Grants 
EUR-Other 

Exchange_English Language 
Specialist/Speaker Program 
Exploration 

Exploration 

Exploration, Recovery Act 

Extramural Research Programs in the 
Neurosciences and Neurological 
Disorders 
Fair Housing Assistance Program_State 
and Local 
Fair Housing Initiatives Program 

Family and Community Violence 
Prevention Program 
Family Connection Grants 

Family Planning_Personnel Training 

Family Planning_Service Delivery 
Improvement Research Grants 
Family Planning_Services 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

128 

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
Family Support Payments to 
States_Assistance Payments 
Family Violence Prevention and 
Services/Battered Women's 
Shelters_Grants to State Domestic 
Violence Coalitions 
Family Violence Prevention and 
Services/Battered Women's 
Shelters_Grants to States and Indian 
Tribes 
Family Violence Prevention and 
Services/Discretionary 
Family Violence Prevention and 
Services/Grants for Battered Women's 
Shelters_Discretionary Grants 
Family Violence Prevention and 
Services/Grants for Domestic Violence 
Shelters and Supportive Services/Grants 
to States and Native American Tribes 
and Tribal Organizations 
Farm and Ranch Lands Protection 
Program 
Farm Business Management and 
Benchmarking Competitive Grants 
Program 
Farm Labor Housing Loans and Grants 

Farm to School Grant Program 

Farmers' Market Promotion Program 

Federal Disaster Assistance to 
Individuals and Households in 
Presidential Declared Disaster Areas 
FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT 
AGENCY 
Federal Junior Duck Stamp Conservation 
and Design 
Federal Motor Carrier Safety 
Administration National Training Center 
Federal Oil and Gas Royalty Management 

Federal Oil and Gas Royalty Management 
State and Tribal Coordination 
FEDERAL TRANSIT TECHNICAL 
ASSISTANCE 
Financial Education and Counseling Pilot 
Program 
FIRE 

FIRE MANAGEMENT ASSISTANCE GRANT 

FIRE STUDIES & HAZARD REDUCTION 

FISHERIES 

Fisheries Development and Utilization 
Research and Development Grants and 
Cooperative Agreements Program 
Fisheries Disaster Relief 

Flood Plain Management Services 

FNS Food Safety Grants 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

129 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
FOGARTY INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH 
COLLABORATION AWARD 
Food Aid Nutrition Enhancement 
Program 
Food and Agricultural Sciences National 
Needs Graduate Fellowship Grants 
Food and Drug Administration_Research 

Food Assistance and Nutrition Research 
Programs (FANRP) 
Food Distribution Program on Indian 
Reservations 
Food for Education 

Food for Peace Development Assistance 
Program 
Food for Peace Development Assistance 
Program (DAP) 
Food for Peace Emergency Program (EP) 

Food for Progress 

Food Safety and Security Monitoring 
Project 
Foreign Assistance to American Schools 
and Hospitals Abroad (ASHA) 
Foreign Assistance to American Schools 
and Hospitals Abroad (ASHA) 
Forest Legacy Program 

Forest Products Lab: Technology 
Marketing Unit (TMU) 
Forest Stewardship Program 

Forestry Research 

Forests and Woodlands Resource 
Management 
Foster Care_Title IV-E 

Foster Grandparent Program 

Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program 

FVAP Policy Clearinghouse 

Gang Resistance Education and Training 

Gap Analysis Program 

General Department of State Assistance 

GENERIC CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTERS 

GENETICS RESEARCH 

Geodetic Surveys and Services (Geodesy 
and Applications of the National Geodetic 
Reference System) 
Geologic Sequestration Site 
Characterization 
Geologic Sequestration Training and 
Research Grant Program 
Geosciences 

Geriatric Academic Career Awards 

Geriatric Training for Physicians, Dentists 
and Behavioral/Mental Health 
Professionals 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

130 

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
Global AIDS 

Global Counterterrorism Programs 

Global Development Alliance 

Global Development Alliance 

Global Threat Reduction 

Graduate Psychology Education Program 
and Patient Navigator and Chronic 
Disease Prevention Program 
Grants for Agricultural Research, Special 
Research Grants 
Grants for Agricultural 
Research_Competitive Research Grants 
Grants for Education, Prevention, and 
Early Detection of Radiogenic Cancers 
and Diseases 
Grants for Enhanced Assessment 
Instruments 
Grants for Faculty Development in 
Family Medicine 
Grants for Primary Care Training and 
Enhancement 
Grants for State Assessments and 
Related Activities 
Grants for Training in Primary Care 
Medicine and Dentistry 
Grants to Encourage Arrest Policies and 
Enforcement of Protection Orders 
Program 
Grants to Increase Organ Donations 

Grants to Provide Outpatient Early 
Intervention Services with Respect to 
HIV Disease 
Grants to Reduce Domestic Violence, 
Dating Violence, Sexual Assault, and 
Stalking on Campus 
Grants to State Sexual Assault and 
Domestic Violence Coalitions 
Grants to States for Access and 
Visitation Programs 
Grants to States for Loan Repayment 
Program 
Grants to States for Operation of Offices 
of Rural Health 
Grants to States for Operation of 
Qualified High-Risk Pools 
Grants to States to Support Oral Health 
Workforce Activities 
Great Apes Conservation Fund 

Great Lakes Human Health Effects 
Research 
Greater Research Opportunities (GRO) 
Fellowships For Undergraduate 
Environmental Study 
Growth Management Planning Assistance 

Guardianship Assistance 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

131 

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
Harold Rogers Prescription Drug 
Monitoring Program 
Hawaii Sustainable Fisheries 
Development (Aquaculture Program) 
Hazardous Materials Assistance Program 

Head Start 

Headquarters and Regional Underground 
Storage Tanks Program 
Health Care Tax Credit (HCTC) National 
Emergency Grants (NEGs) 
Health Careers Opportunity Program 

Health Disparities in Minority Health 

Health Education Training Centers 
Continuing Educational Support for 
Health Professionals Serving in 
Underserved Communities 
Health Improvement for Re-entering Ex-
offenders Initiative (HIRE) HIV/AIDS 
Health Professions Recruitment Program 
for Indians 
Health Program for Toxic Substances and 
Disease Registry 
Health Promotion and Disease Prevention 
Research Centers: PPHF 2012 - 
Affordable Care Act Projects 
Health Promotion/Disease Prevention 
Program for American Indians and 
Alaska Natives 
Health Systems Strengthening and 
HIV/AIDS Prevention, Care and 
Treatment under the President's 
Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief 
Healthy Communities Access Program 

Healthy Communities Grant Program 

Healthy Homes Demonstration Grants 

Healthy Homes Demonstration Grants 
(Recovery Act Funded) 
Healthy Homes Production Grant 
Program 
Healthy Homes Technical Studies Grants 

Healthy Homes Technical Studies Grants 
(Recovery Act Funded) 
Healthy Marriage Promotion and 
Responsible Fatherhood Grants 
Healthy Start Initiative 

Healthy Urban Food Enterprise 
Development Center (HUFED) 
Helium Resource Management 

Help America Vote Act Requirements 
Payments 
Help America Vote College Program 

Help America Vote Mock Election 
Program 
HERITAGE PRESERVATION INC. 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

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0 

0 

132 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
Hispanic Serving Institutions Education 
Grants 
HISTORY AND INTERPRETATION 

HIV Care Formula Grants 

HIV Demonstration, Research, Public and 
Professional Education Projects 
HIV Emergency Relief Project Grants 

HIV Prevention Activities_Health 
Department Based 
HIV Prevention Activities_Non-
Governmental Organization Based 
HIV Prevention Programs for Women 

HIV/AIDS PREVENTION PROGRAM 

Homeland Security Advanced Research 
Projects Agency 
Homeland Security Biowatch Program 

Homeland Security Grant Program 

HOMELAND SECURITY GRANT PROGRAM 

Homeland Security Information 
Technology Research, Testing, 
Evaluation and Demonstration Program 
Homeland Security Outreach, Education, 
and Technical Assistance 
Homeland Security Preparedness 
Technical Assistance Program 
Homeland Security Research Testing, 
Evaluation, and Demonstration of 
Technologies Related to Nuclear 
Detection 
Homeland Security Research, 
Development, Testing, Evaluation, and 
Demonstration of Technologies Related 
to Nuclear Threat Detection 
Homeland Security, Research, Testing, 
Evaluation, and Demonstration of 
Technologies 
Homeland Security_Agricultural 

Homeland Security-related Science, 
Technology, Engineering and 
Mathematics (HS STEM) Career 
Development Program 
Homeless Management Information 
Systems Technical Assistance 
Homelessness Prevention and Rapid Re-
Housing Program (Recovery Act Funded) 
Hospital Preparedness Program (HPP) 
and Public Health Emergency 
Preparedness (PHEP) Aligned 
Cooperative Agreements 
Housing Application Packaging Grants 

Housing Counseling Assistance Program 

Housing Counseling Training Program 

Housing Opportunities for Persons with 
AIDS 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

133 

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
HPS-SPS Contracts 

Human Genome Research 

Human Health Studies_Applied Research 
and Development 
Human Immunodeficiency Virus 
(HIV)/Acquired Immunodeficiency Virus 
Syndrome (AIDS) Surveillance 
IIP Individual Grants 

Immunization Cooperative Agreements 

Immunization Grants 

Immunization Research, Demonstration, 
Public Information and 
Education_Training and Clinical Skills 
Improvement Projects 
Impact Aid_Facilities Maintenance 

Improving Teacher Quality State Grants 

Improving the Capability of Indian Tribal 
Governments to Regulate Environmental 
Quality 
Improving the Investigation and 
Prosecution of Child Abuse and the 
Regional and Local Children's Advocacy 
Centers 
IMR and NCCIM Programs 

Incentive Grant Program to Increase 
Motorcyclist Safety 
Independent Living State Grants, 
Recovery Act 
Independent Living_State Grants 

Indian Community Fire Protection 

Indian Country Alcohol and Drug 
Prevention 
Indian Environmental General Assistance 
Program (GAP) 
Indian Health Service_Health 
Management Development Program 
Indian Housing Block Grants 

Indian School Equalization Program 

Indian Social Services_Welfare 
Assistance 
INDIVIDUAL FAMILY AND GRANTS 

Infant Adoption Awareness Training 

Information Analysis Infrastructure 
Protection (IAIP) and Critical 
Infrastructure Monitoring and Protection 
INFORMATION ON MANAGEMENT DATA 
SHARING 
Information Security Grant Program 

Initiative to Educate State and Territorial 
Officials about Maintaining and 
Strengthening Public Health in a 
Changing Environment 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

134 

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
Injury Prevention and Control Research 
and State and Community Based 
Programs 
Injury Prevention Program for American 
Indians and Alaskan 
Natives_Cooperative Agreements 
Innovations in Applied Public Health 
Research 
Institute for International Public Policy 

Institutional Capacity Building (ICB) 

Integrated Ocean Observing System 
(IOOS) 
Interagency Hazardous Materials Public 
Sector Training and Planning Grants 
Intercity Bus Security Grants 

Intergenerational Approaches to 
HIV/AIDS Prevention Education with 
Women across The Lifespan Pilot 
Program 
Interjurisdictional Fisheries Act of 1986 

International Labor Programs 

International Programs to Combat 
Human Trafficking 
International Programs to Support 
Democracy, Human Rights and Labor 
International Research and Research 
Training 
International Research and Studies 

International Science and Education 
Grants 
International Science and Engineering 
(OISE) 
Internships, Training and Workshops for 
the Office of Air and Radiation 
INTEROPERABLE EMERGENCY 
COMMUNCATIONS 
Interoperable Emergency 
Communications 
Invasive and Noxious Plant Management 

Investing in People in The Middle East 
and North Africa 
Investing in People in the Middle East 
and North Africa 
Iraq Assistance Programs 

Japan-U.S. Friendship Commission 
Grants 
John Ogonowski Farmer-to-Farmer 
Program 
Judicial Training on Child Maltreatment 
for Court Personnel Juvenile Justice 
Programs 
Juvenile Accountability Block Grants 

Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention_Allocation to States 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

135 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
Juvenile Justice and Delinquency 
Prevention_Allocation to States 
Juvenile Justice Reform and 
Reinvestment Demonstration Program 
Juvenile Mentoring Program 

Juvenile Mentoring Program 

Kidney Diseases, Urology and 
Hematology Research 
Labor Force Statistics 

LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCES AND 
PRIMATE RESEARCH 
LAND ACQUISITION 

Land Buy-Back Program For Tribal 
Nations 
Law Enforcement Officer Reimbursement 
Agreement Program 
Lead Educational Outreach and Baseline 
Assessment of Tribal Children's Exposure 
and Risks Associated With Lead 
Lead Hazard Reduction Demonstration 
Grant Program 
Lead Hazard Reduction Demonstration 
Grant Program 
Lead Hazard Reduction Demonstration 
Grant Program (Recovery Act Funded) 
Lead Technical Studies Grants 

Lead-Based Paint Hazard Control in 
Privately-Owned Housing 
Lead-Based Paint Hazard Control in 
Privately-Owned Housing (Recovery Act 
Funded) 
Lifespan Respite Care Program 

Litigation Support for Indian Rights 

Long-Term Surveillance and Maintenance 

Low Income Taxpayer Clinics 

Low-Income Home Energy Assistance 

Lung Diseases Research 

Manufactured Home Dispute Resolution 

Map Modernization Management Support 

Marine Corps Systems Command Federal 
Assistance Program 
Marine Fisheries Initiative 

Marine Mammal Data Program 

Market News 

Market Protection and Promotion 

Maternal and Child Health Federal 
Consolidated Programs 
Maternal and Child Health Services Block 
Grant to the States 
Mathematical and Physical Sciences 

Mathematical Sciences Grants Program 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

136 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
MCC Foreign Assistance for Overseas 
Programs 
MCC Foreign Assistance for Overseas 
Programs 
Medicaid Transformation Grants 

Medical Assistance Program 

Medical Library Assistance 

Medical Programs 

Medical Reserve Corps Small Grant 
Program 
Mental and Behavioral Health Education 
and Training Grants 
Mental Health Disaster Assistance and 
Emergency Mental Health 
Mental Health National Research Service 
Awards for Research Training 
Mental Health Research Career/Scientist 
Development Awards 
Mental Health Research Grants 

Mentoring Children of Prisoners 

Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 
Research 
Middle East Partnership Initiative 

Middle East Partnership Initiative (MEPI) 

Military Construction, National Guard 

Military Medical Research and 
Development 
Military Medical Research and 
Development 
Mine Health and Safety Grants 

Minerals Resources External Research 
Program 
Minimum Penalties for Repeat Offenders 
for Driving While Intoxicated 
Minority Health and Health Disparities 
Research 
MISCELLANEOUS FEDERAL ASSISTANCE 
ACTIONS 
Missing Alzheimer's Disease Patient 
Assistance Program 
Missing Children's Assistance 

Modification of Trauma Care Component 
of State EMS Plan 
Money Follows the Person Rebalancing 
Demonstration 
Multifamily Housing Service Coordinators 

Multi-State Information Sharing and 
Analysis Center 
National Agricultural Library 

National Bioterrorism Hospital 
Preparedness Program 
NATIONAL BOARD FOR PROFESSIONAL 
TEACHING STANDARDS 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

137 

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
National Center for Advancing 
Translational Sciences 
National Center for Health Workforce 
Analysis 
National Center for Missing and Exploited 
Children (NCMEC) 
National Center on Sleep Disorders 
Research 
National Community Centers of 
Excellence in Women's Health 
National Community-Based Lead 
Outreach and Training Grant Program 
National Cooperative Geologic Mapping 
Program 
National Criminal History Improvement 
Program (NCHIP) 
National Cyber Security Awareness 

National Explosives Detection Canine 
Team Program 
National Family Caregiver Support, Title 
VI, Part C, Grants To Indian Tribes And 
Native Hawaiians 
National Farmworker Jobs Program 

National Fire Plan - Rural Fire Assistance 

National Fire Plan-Wildland Urban 
Interface Community Fire Assistance 
National Food Service Management 
Institute Administration and Staffing 
Grant 
National Geological and Geophysical 
Data Preservation Program 
National Geospatial Program: Building 
The National Map 
National Guard ChalleNGe Program 

National Guard ChalleNGe Program 

National Guard Military Construction 

National Guard Military Operations & 
Maintenance 
National Guard Military Operations and 
Maintenance (O&M) Projects 
National Health Promotion 

National Highway Traffic Safety 
Administration (NHTSA) Discretionary 
Safety Grants 
National Institute of Justice Research, 
Evaluation, and Development Project 
Grants 
National Institute on Disability and 
Rehabilitation Research 
National Institutes of Health Acquired 
Immunodeficiency Syndrome Research 
Loan Repayment Program 
National Institutes of Health Pediatric 
Research Loan Repayment Program 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

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National Land Remote 
Sensing_Education Outreach and 
Research 
National Motor Carrier Safety 

National Organizations of State and Local 
Officials 
National Outreach and Communication 
Program 
National Prison Rape Statistics Program 

National Project Management of the 
Healthcare Communities Knowledge 
Gateway 
National Research Service Award in 
Primary Care Medicine 
National Research Service 
Awards_Health Services Research 
Training 
National School Lunch Program 

National Spatial Data Infrastructure 
Cooperative Agreements Program 
National Special Security Event 

National Urban Search and Rescue 
(US&R) Response System 
National Urban Search and Rescue 
(US&R) Response System 
National Wetlands Inventory 

Native Hawaiian Health Care Systems 

Native Hawaiian Health Systems 

NATL INST FOR JUV JUST & DEL PREV 

NICS Act Record Improvement Program 

NIEHS Hazardous Waste Worker Health 
and Safety Training 
NIEHS Superfund Hazardous 
Substances_Basic Research and 
Education 
NO CFDA NUMBER HAS BEEN ASSIGNED 

Non-Governmental Organization 
Strengthening (NGO) 
Nonprofit Capacity Building 

Non-Profit Security Program 

Nonproliferation and Disarmament Fund 

Not Elsewhere Classified 

Nurse Anesthetist Traineeships 

Nurse Education, Practice and Retention 
Grants 
Nurse Education, Practice Quality and 
Retention Grants 
Nurse Faculty Loan Program (NFLP) 

Nursing Research 

Nursing Workforce Diversity 

Nutrition Services Incentive Program 

Occupational Safety and Health Program 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

139 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Occupational Safety and Health_State 
Program 
Occupational Safety and Health_Susan 
Harwood Training Grants 
Ocean Exploration 

Ocean Freight Reimbursement Program 
(OFR) 
Office of Global Women's Issues 

Office of Global Women's Issues 

Office of Scientific and Technical 
Information 
OLYMPIC SCHOLARSHIPS 

One-Time International Exchange Grant 
Program 
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE GRANT 

Operation Lead Elimination Action 
Program 
Oral Diseases and Disorders Research 

Organic Agriculture Research and 
Extension Initiative 
Organic Certification Cost Share 
Programs 
OSHA Data Initiative 

Outreach and Assistance for Socially 
Disadvantaged Farmers and Ranchers 
Overseas Processing Entities (OPEs) for 
U.S. Refugee Resettlement 
Overseas Programs - Doctoral 
Dissertation Research Abroad 
Overseas Programs - Faculty Research 
Abroad 
Overseas Programs - Group Projects 
Abroad 
Overseas Refugee Assistance Program 
for Near East and South Asia 
Overseas Refugee Assistance Programs 
for Africa 
Overseas Refugee Assistance Programs 
for East Asia 
Overseas Refugee Assistance Programs 
for Europe 
Overseas Refugee Assistance Programs 
for Strategic Global Priorities 
Overseas Refugee Assistance Programs 
for Western Hemisphere 
Overseas Schools Program 

OVW Technical Assistance Initiative 

OVW Technical Assistance Initiative 

Pacific Fisheries Data Program 

Part E - Developing, Testing and 
Demonstrating Promising New Programs 
Partnership Agreements to Develop Non-
Insurance Risk Management Tools for 
Producers (Farmers) 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

140 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Patient Navigator and Chronic Disease 
Prevention Program 
Paul Coverdell Forensic Sciences 
Improvement Grant Program 
Paul Coverdell Forensic Sciences 
Improvement Grant Program 
Payments to 1890 Land-Grant Colleges 
and Tuskegee University 
Payments to Agricultural Experiment 
Stations Under the Hatch Act 
Performance and Registration 
Information Systems Management 
Pilot Demonstration or Earmark Projects 

Plant and Animal Disease, Pest Control, 
and Animal Care 
Plant Materials for Conservation 

Poison Center Support and Enhancement 
Grant Program 
Polar Programs 

Policy Research and Evaluation Grants 

Population Research 

Port Security Grant Program 

Port Security Grant Program (ARRA) 

Port Security Grant Program (ARRA) 

PORTABLE ASSISTANCE 

Postal Model for Medical 
Countermeasures Delivery and 
Distribution 
Postconviction DNA Testing Program 

Postconviction Testing of DNA Evidence 
to Exonerate the Innocent 
PPHF 2013 - Cooperative Agreement to 
Support Navigators in Federally-
facilitated and State Partnership 
Exchanges 
PPHF - Community Transfromation 
Grants and National Dissemination and 
Support for Community Transformation 
Grants - financed solely by Preventinon 
and Public Health Funds 
PPHF 2012 - Prevention and Public 
Health Fund (Affordable Care Act) - 
Capacity Building Assistance to 
Strengthen Public Health Immunization 
Infrastructure and Performance financed 
in part by 2012 Prevention and Public 
Health Funds 
PPHF 2012 National Public Health 
Improvement Initiative 
PPHF 2012: Community Transformation 
Grants -Small Communities Program 
financed solely by 2012 Public 
Prevention and Health Funds 
PPHF 2012: Community Transfromation 
Grants and National Dissemination and 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

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141 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
Support for Community Transformation 
Grants - financed solely by 2012 
Preventinon and Public Health Funds 
PPHF 2012: Racial and Ethnic 
Approaches to Community Health 
Program financed solely by 2012 Public 
Prevention and Health Funds 
PPHF 2012-Applied Leadership for 
Community Health Improvement 
PPHF: Health Care Surveillance/Health 
Statistics ├é┬┐ Surveillance Program 
Announcement: Behavioral Risk Factor 
Surveillance System Financed in Part by 
Prevention and Public Health Fund 
PPHF-2012 Cooperative Agreements for 
Prescription Drug Monitoring Program 
Electronic Health Record (EHR) 
Integration and Interoperability 
Expansion 
PPHF-2012 Geriatric Education Centers 

PPHF2012: Chronic disease Inovation 
Grants - financed soley by 2012 Public 
Prevention Health Funds 
PPHF2013: State Nutrition, Physical 
Activity, and Obesity Programs - 
financed in part by 2013 PPHF 
Pregnancy Assistance Fund Program 

PRESERVATION OF AFFORDABLE 
HOUSING (TITLE II (ELIHPA), TITLE III, 
TITLE IV 
Presidential Declared Disaster Assistance 
- Disaster Housing Operations for 
Individuals and Households 
Prevention and Public Health Fund 
(Affordable Care Act): Enhanced 
Surveillance for New Vaccine Preventable 
Disease 
Prevention and Public Health Fund 
(PPHF) Public Health Traineeships 
Prevention of Disease, Disability, and 
Death through Immunization and Control 
of Respiratory and Related Diseases 
Prevention Public Health Fund 2012: 
Viral Hepatitis Education 
Prevention Public Health Fund 2012: 
Viral Hepatitis Prevention 
Preventive Health and Health Services 
Block Grant 
Preventive Health Services_Sexually 
Transmitted Diseases Control Grants 
Preventive Health Services_Sexually 
Transmitted Diseases Research, 
Demonstrations, and Public Information 
and Education Grants 
Preventive Medicine and Public Health 
Residency Training Program, Integrative 
Medicine Program, and National 

0 

0 

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0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

142 

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Coordinating Center for Integrative 
Medicine 
Preventive Medicine Residency Program 

Priority Grant Competition 

Prisoner Reentry Initiative 
Demonstration (Offender Reentry) 
Private Enforcement Initiatives 

Professional and Cultural Exchange 
Programs - Citizen Exchanges 
Professional and Cultural Exchange 
Programs - International Visitor 
Leadership Program 
Professional and Cultural Exchange 
Programs - Special Professional and 
Cultural Programs 
Program for Study of Eastern Europe and 
the Independent States of the Former 
Soviet Union 
Program of Protection and Advocacy of 
Individual Rights 
Project Grants and Cooperative 
Agreements for Tuberculosis Control 
Programs 
Project Safe Neighborhoods 

Projects for Assistance in Transition from 
Homelessness (PATH) 
Promoting Evidence Integration in Sex 
Offender Management Discretionary 
Grant Program 
Promoting Safe and Stable Families 

Promotion of the Arts_Grants to 
Organizations and Individuals 
Promotion of the Humanities_Division of 
Preservation and Access 
Promotion of the Humanities_Fellowships 
and Stipends 
Promotion of the 
Humanities_Professional Development 
Promotion of the Humanities_Research 

Promotion of the Humanities_We the 
People 
Protecting Inmates and Safeguarding 
Communities Discretionary Grant 
Program 
Protection and Advocacy for Individuals 
with Mental Illness 
Public and Indian Housing 

Public and Indian Housing 
Transformation Initiative (TI) Technical 
Assistance (TA) 
PUBLIC AND INDIAN HOUSING-
COMPREHENSIVE GRANT PROGRAM 
PUBLIC AND INDIAN HOUSING-
COMPREHENSIVE IMPROVEMENT 
ASSISTANCE PROGRAM 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

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0 

0 

0 

143 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Public Awareness Campaigns on Embryo 
Adoption 
Public Diplomacy Programs 

Public Diplomacy Programs 

Public Diplomacy Programs for 
Afghanistan and Pakistan 
Public Diplomacy Programs for 
Afghanistan and Pakistan 
Public Health and Social Services 
Emergency Fund 
Public Health Conference Support 

Public Health Emergency Preparedness 

Public Health Traineeships 

Public Health Training Centers Grant 
Program 
Public Health Training Centers Program 

Public Safety Officers' Benefits Program 

Public Safety Partnership and 
Community Policing Grants 
Quentin N. Burdick Program for Rural 
Interdisciplinary Training 
Racial and Ethnic Approaches to 
Community Health: Obesity and 
Hypertension Demonstration Projects 
financed solely by 2012 Prevention and 
Public Health Funds 
Radiological/Nuclear Detection Pilot 
Evaluations Program 
Rapid Expansion of Antiretroviral 
Therapy Programs for HIV-Infected 
Persons in Selected Countries in Africa 
and the Caribbean Under the President's 
Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief 
Real Estate Programs_Indian Lands 

Recovery Act - Eward Byrne Memorial 
Justice Assistance Grant (JAG) Program/ 
Grants to States and Territories 
Recovery Act - State and Local Law 
Enforcement Assistance Program: 
Combating Criminal Narcotics Activity 
Stemming from the Southern Border of 
the United States Competitive Grant 
Program 
Recovery Act - State Victim Assistance 
Formula Grant Program 
Recovery Act - Violence Against Women 
Discretionary Grants For Indian Tribal 
Governments 
Recovery Act Transitional Housing 

RECREATION 

Refugee and Entrant 
Assistance_Discretionary Grants 
Refugee and Entrant Assistance_State 
Administered Programs 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

144 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
Refugee and Entrant 
Assistance_Targeted Assistance Grants 
Refugee and Entrant 
Assistance_Voluntary Agency Programs 
Refugee and Entrant 
Assistance_Wilson/Fish Program 
Regional Agricultural IPM Grants 

Regional Environmental Monitoring and 
Assessment Program (REMAP) Research 
Projects 
Regional Fishery Management Councils 

Regional Information Sharing Systems 

Regulation of Surface Coal Mining and 
Surface Effects of Underground Coal 
Mining 
Rehabilitation Long-Term Training 

Rehabilitation Services Demonstration 
and Training Programs 
Rehabilitation Services_Client Assistance 
Program 
Rehabilitation Services_Independent 
Living Services for Older Individuals Who 
are Blind 
Rehabilitation Short-Term Training 

Rehabilitation Training_Continuing 
Education 
Rehabilitation Training_General Training 

Rehabilitation Training_State Vocational 
Rehabilitation Unit In-Service Training 
Research and Training in Complementary 
and Alternative Medicine 
Research in Special Education 

Research on Chemical and Biological 
Defense 
Research on Healthcare Costs, Quality 
and Outcomes 
Research Related to Deafness and 
Communication Disorders 
Research, Prevention, and Education 
Programs on Lyme Disease in the United 
States 
Research, Treatment and Education 
Programs on Lyme Disease in the United 
States 
RESIDENT OPPORTUNITY AND 
SUPPORTIVE SERVICES - 
HOMEOWNERSHIP AND FAMILY 
Resident Opportunity and Supportive 
Services - Service Coordinators 
Residential Substance Abuse Treatment 
for State Prisoners 
Retired and Senior Volunteer Program 

RFA AND WUI 

Rhinoceros and Tiger Conservation Fund 

Ruminant Feed Ban Support Project 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

145 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Rural Access to Emergency Devices 
Grant 
Rural Cooperative Development Grants 

Rural Development, Forestry, and 
Communities 
Rural Domestic Violence, Dating 
Violence, Sexual Assault, and Stalking 
Assistance Program 
Rural Health Care Services Outreach, 
Rural Health Network Development and 
Small Health Care Provider Quality 
Improvement Program 
Rural Housing Preservation Grants 

Rural PACE (Program of All-Inclusive 
Care for the Elderly) Provider Grant 
Program 
Rural Self-Help Housing Technical 
Assistance 
Ryan White HIV/AIDS Dental 
Reimbursement and Community Based 
Dental Partnership Grants 
Ryan White HIV/AIDS Dental 
Reimbursements Community Based 
Dental Partnership 
Safe and Drug-Free Schools and 
Communities_National Programs 
Safe and Drug-Free Schools and 
Communities_State Grants 
Safety Belt Performance Grants 

Safety Data Improvement Program 

SAFETY/SECURITY 

Scholarships for Health Professions 
Students from Disadvantaged 
Backgrounds 
School Leadership 

Science 

Science, Recovery Act 

Scientific Leadership Awards 

Second Chance Act Prisoner Reentry 
Initiative 
Section 4 Capacity Building for 
Community Development and Affordable 
Housing 
Section 8 Moderate Rehabilitation Single 
Room Occupancy 
Secure Rural Schools and Community 
Self-Determination 
Securing Critical Underground 
Infrastructure Pilot Program 
Securing the Cities 

Securing the Cities Program 

Self-Help Homeownership Opportunity 
Program 
Senior Companion Program 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

146 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
Senior Demonstration Program 

Senior Farmers Market Nutrition Program 

Services for Trafficking Victims 

Services to Advocate for and Respond to 
Youth 
Services to Victims of a Severe Form of 
Trafficking 
Sexual Assault Services Formula 
Program 
Sexual Assault Services Program 

Shelter Plus Care 

Sickle Cell Treatment Demonstration 
Program 
Snow Survey and Water Supply 
Forecasting 
Social Security - Work Incentives 
Planning and Assistance Program 
Social Security State Grants for Work 
Incentives Assistance to Disabled 
Beneficiaries 
Social Security_Research and 
Demonstration 
Social Services Block Grant 

Social Services Research and 
Demonstration 
Soft Target Program for Overseas 
Schools 
Soil Survey 

Southeast Area Monitoring and 
Assessment Program 
Southern Nevada Public Land 
Management 
Special Assistance 

Special Data Collections and Statistical 
Studies 
Special Diabetes Program for Indians 
(SDPI) Diabetes Prevention and Healthy 
Heart Initiative 
Special Diabetes Program for 
Indians_Diabetes Prevention and 
Treatment Projects 
Special Education -- Olympic Education 
Programs 
Special Education_Technical Assistance 
on State Data Collection 
Special Education-Grants for Infants and 
Families 
Special Oceanic and Atmospheric 
Projects 
Special Programs for the Aging_Title III, 
Part C_Nutrition Services 
Special Programs for the Aging_Title 
IV_and Title II_Discretionary Projects 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

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0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

147 

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
Special Programs for the Aging_Title VI, 
Part A, Grants to Indian Tribes_Part B, 
Grants to Native Hawaiians 
Special Programs for the Aging_Title VII, 
Chapter 2_Long Term Care Ombudsman 
Services for Older Individuals 
Special Programs for the Aging_Title VII, 
Chapter 3_Programs for Prevention of 
Elder Abuse, Neglect, and Exploitation 
Special Projects 

Special Projects of National Significance 

Special Supplemental Nutrition Program 
for Women, Infants, and Children 
Specially Selected Health Projects 

Specialty Crop Block Grant Program 

Specialty Crop Research Initiative 

Staffing for Adequate Fire and 
Emergency Response (SAFER) 
Staffing for Adequate Fire and 
Emergency Response (SAFER) 
State Administrative Expenses for Child 
Nutrition 
State Administrative Matching Grants for 
the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance 
Program 
State and Local Anti-Terrorism Training 

State and Local Homeland Security 
Exercise Support 
State and Local Homeland Security 
National Training Program 
State and Territorial and Technical 
Assistance Capacity Development 
Minority HIV/AIDS Demonstration 
Program 
State Bulk Fuel Revolving Fund Grants 

State Commissions 

State Court Improvement Program 

State Damage Prevention Program 
Grants 
State Domestic Violence and Sexual 
Assault Coalitions 
State Environmental Justice Cooperative 
Agreement Program 
State Fire Training Systems Grants 

State Fiscal Stabilization Fund (SFSF) - 
Education State Grants, Recovery Act 
State Fiscal Stabilization Fund (SFSF) - 
Government Services, Recovery Act 
State Grants for Protection and Advocacy 
Services 
State Health Access Program 

State Health Planning and Development 
Agencies 
State Heating Oil and Propane Program 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

148 

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
STATE HOMELAND SECURITY GRANT 

STATE HOMELAND SECURITY GRANT 
PROGRAM 
State Homeland Security Program 
(SHSP) 
State Justice Statistics Program for 
Statistical Analysis Centers 
State Mediation Grants 

State Memorandum of Agreement 
Program for the Reimbursement of 
Technical Services 
State Planning and Establishment Grants 
for the Affordable Care Act (ACA)├é┬┐s 
Exchanges 
State Rural Hospital Flexibility Program 

State Survey and Certification of Health 
Care Providers and Suppliers (Title 
XVIII) Medicare 
State Survey Certification of Health Care 
Providers and Suppliers (Title XIX) 
Medicaid 
State Traffic Safety Information System 
Improvement Grants 
State Vital Statistics Improvement 
Program 
Stephanie Tubbs Jones Child Welfare 
Services Program 
Strengthening Minority-Serving 
Institutions 
Strengthening Public Health Services at 
the Outreach Offices of the U.S.-Mexico 
Border Health Commission 
Strengthening the Masters-Level Public 
Health Training Program in the Repu 
STUDENT CONSERVATION 
ASSOCIATION AWARDS 
Substance Abuse and Mental Health 
Services_Projects of Regional and 
National Significance 
Substance Abuse and Mental Health 
Services-Access to Recovery 
Summer Food Service Program for 
Children 
Superfund Technical Assistance Grants 
(TAG) for Community Groups at National 
Priority List (NPL) Sites 
Supervised Visitation, Safe Havens for 
Children 
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance 
Program, Outreach/Participation Program 
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance 
Program, Process and Technology 
Improvement Grants 
Support for Adam Walsh Act 
Implementation Grant Program 
SUPPORT FOR ADAM WALSH ACT 
IMPLEMENTATION GRANT PROGRAM 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

149 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Supporting Permanent Placements of 
Foster Care Children Through Electronic 
Records Exchange 
Surplus Property Utilization 

SURVEYS - STUDIES - INVESTIGATIONS 
- SPECL 
Surveys, Studies, Investigations and 
Special Purpose Grants within the Office 
of Research and Development 
Surveys, Studies, Investigations and 
Special Purpose Grants within the Office 
of the Administrator 
Surveys, Studies, Investigations, 
Demonstrations, and Training Grants - 
Section 1442 of the Safe Drinking Water 
Act 
Surveys, Studies, Investigations, 
Demonstrations, and Training Grants and 
Cooperative Agreements - Section 
104(b)(3) of the Clean Water Act 
Surveys, Studies, Investigations, 
Training and Special Purpose Activities 
Relating to Environmental Justice 
Surveys, Studies, Investigations, 
Training Demonstrations and Educational 
Outreach Related to Environmental 
Information and the Release of Toxic 
Chemicals 
Surveys, Studies, Investigations, 
Training, Demonstrations, and Special 
Purpose Grants for Regional Geographic 
Initiatives 
Surveys, Studies, Research, 
Investigations, Demonstrations, and 
Special Purpose Activities Relating to the 
Clean Air Act 
Sustainable Agriculture Research and 
Education 
Systems Interoperability_Health and 
Human Services 
TANF Program Integrity Innovation 
Grants 
Task Force for Business & Stability 
Operations 
Tax Counseling for the Elderly 

Tax Credit Assistance Program (Recovery 
Act Funded) 
Taxpayer Service 

Teacher Incentive Fund 

Teacher Incentive Fund, Recovery Act 

Team Nutrition Grants 

Technical Assistance and Provision for 
Foreign Hospitals and Health 
Organizations 
Technical Assistance Grants 

Technical Assistance to Cooperatives 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

150 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Teenage Pregnancy Prevention Program 

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families 

Temporary Labor Certification for Foreign 
Workers 
The Affordable Care Act (ACA): Capacity 
Building Assistance to Strengthen Public 
Health Infrastructure and Performance 
The Affordable Care Act ├é┬┐ Medicaid 
Adult Quality Grants 
The Affordable Care Act Medicaid 
Incentives for Prevention of Chronic 
Disease Demonstration Project 
The Affordable Care Act: Building 
Epidemiology, Laboratory, and Health 
Information Systems Capacity in the 
Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity 
for Infectious Disease (ELC) and 
Emerging Infections Program (EIP) 
Cooperative Agreements 
The Affordable Care Act: Building 
Epidemiology, Laboratory, and Health 
Information Systems Capacity in the 
Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity 
for Infectious Disease (ELC) and 
Emerging Infections Program (EIP) 
Cooperative Agreements;PPHF 
The Affordable Care Act: Human 
Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) 
Prevention and Public Health Fund 
Activities 
The Patient Protection and Affordable 
Care Act of 2010 (ACA) 
The Patient Protection and Affordable 
Care Act of 2010 (Affordable Care Act) 
authorizes Coordinated Chronic Disease 
prevention and Health Promotion 
Program 
Thomas R. Pickering Foreign Affairs 
Fellowship Program 
THURGOOD MARSHALL PROGRAM 

Title V_Delinquency Prevention Program 

Trade Adjustment Assistance 

Trade Adjustment Assistance for Farmers 
Training Coordination Program (TAAF) 
Training and Technical Assistance 

Training Interpreters for Individuals who 
are Deaf and Individuals who are Deaf-
Blind 
Transformation Initiative Research 
Grants: Demonstration and Related 
Small Grants 
Transition to Teaching 

Transitional Housing Assistance for 
Victims of Domestic Violence, Dating 
Violence, Stalking, or Sexual Assault 
Transitional Living for Homeless Youth 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

151 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Transnatioal Crime 

TRANSNATIONAL CRIME 

Trans-NIH Recovery Act Loan 
Repayment Support 
Trans-NIH Recovery Act Research 
Support 
Trans-NIH Research Support 

Trans-NSF Recovery Act Reasearch 
Support 
Transportation Services 

Trauma Care Systems Planning and 
Development 
Traumatic Brain Injury State 
Demonstration Grant Program 
Tribal Civil and Criminal Legal Assistance 
Grants, Training and Technical 
Assistance 
Tribal Colleges Education Equity Grants 

Tribal Colleges Endowment Program 

Tribal Court Assistance Program 

Tribal Domestic Violence and Sexual 
Assault Coalitions Grant Program 
Tribal Governments Program 

Tribal Public Health Capacity Building 
and Quality Improvement 
Tribal Self-Governance Program: 
Planning and Negotiation Cooperative 
Agreement 
Tribal Youth Program 

Tribal Youth Program 

Truck Security Program 

TSCA Title IV State Lead Grants 
Certification of Lead-Based Paint 
Professionals 
Tuberculosis Demonstration, Research, 
Public and Professional Education 
U.S. Ambassadors Fund for Cultural 
Preservation 
U.S. Ambassador's Fund for Cultural 
Preservation 
U.S. Geological Survey_ Research and 
Data Collection 
U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission 
Scholarship and Fellowship Program 
U.S. Refugee Admissions Program 

U.S. Repatriation 

Unaccompanied Alien Children Program 

Unallied Industry Projects 

Unallied Management Projects 

Unallied Science Program 

Undersea Research 

Unemployment Insurance 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

152 

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
Universal Newborn Hearing Screening 

University Centers for Excellence in 
Developmental Disabilities Education, 
Research, and Service 
Unknown 

Urban Indian Health Services 

US FEDERAL ASSISTANCE ACTIONS 
DEPARTMENT 
USAID Development Partnerships for 
University Cooperation and Development 
USAID Foreign Assistance for Programs 
Overseas 
USAID Foreign Assistance for Programs 
Overseas 
VA Assistance to United States 
Paralympic Integrated Adaptive Sports 
Program 
VA Supportive Services for Veteran 
Families Program 
Value-Added Producer Grants 

Very Low-Income Housing Repair Loans 
and Grants 
VETERANS EDUCATION OUTREACH 
PROGRAM 
Veterans State Adult Day Health Care 

Veterans State Nursing Home Care 

Victims of Child Abuse 

Violence Against Women Act Court 
Training and Improvement Grants 
Violence Against Women Discretionary 
Grants for Indian Tribal Governments 
Violence Against Women Formula Grants 

VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN OFFICE 
TECH. ASSISTANCE PROGRAM 
Vision Research 

Voluntary Public School Choice 

Volunteer Generation Fund 

Volunteer Income Tax Assistance (VITA) 
Matching Grant Program 
Volunteers in Service to America 

Voting Access for Individuals with 
Disabilities_Grants to States 
Voting Access for Individuals with 
Disabilities-Grants for Protection and 
Advocacy Systems 
Water Security Training and Technical 
Assistance and Water Security Initiative 
Contamination Warning System Pilots 
Weapons Removal and Abatement 

Weather and Air Quality Research 

Welfare Reform Research, Evaluations 
and National Studies 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

153 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
Wetland Program Grants - State/Tribal 
Environmental Outcome Wetland 
Demonstration Program 
Wholesale Farmers and Alternative 
Market Development 
WIA Evaluation 

WIA Pilots, Demonstrations, and 
Research Projects 
WIC Farmers' Market Nutrition Program 
(FMNP) 
WIC Grants To States (WGS) 

Wildland Fire Research and Studies 
Program 
Wildlife Services 

Wildlife Without Borders ├é┬┐ 
Amphibians in Decline 
Wildlife Without Borders ├é┬┐ Critically 
Endangered Animal Conservation Fund 
Wildlife Without Borders- Latin America 
and the Caribbean 
Wildlife Without Borders-Africa Program 

Wildlife Without Borders-Mexico 

Wood Education and Resource Center 
(WERC) 
Wood Utilization Assistance 

Workforce Investment Act (WIA) 
Dislocated Worker National Reserve 
Demonstration Grants 
Workforce Investment Act (WIA) 
Dislocated Worker National Reserve 
Technical Assistance and Training 
Workforce Investment Act (WIA) 
National Emergency Grants 
Youth Gang Prevention 

Integrated Programs 

1890 Institution Capacity Building Grants 

ACA Nationwide Program for National 
and State Background Checks for Direct 
Patient Access Employees of Long Term 
Care Facilities and Providers 
ADMINISTRATIVE GRANTS FOR FEDERAL 
AID IN SPORT FISH AND WILDLIFE 
RESTORATION 
AmeriCorps VISTA Training & Logistics 
Support 
APPLIED TOXICOLOGICAL RESEARCH 
AND TESTING 
Area Health Education Centers 
Infrastructure Development Awards 
Area Health Education Centers Point of 
Service Maintenance and Enhancement 
Awards 
ARRA - Centers of Excellence 

ARRA - Community Services Block Grant 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

154 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
ARRA - Early Head Start 

ARRA - Emergency Medical Services for 
Children 
ARRA - Head Start 

Ballast Water Treatment Technologies 

Biomedical Advanced Research and 
Development Authority (BARDA), 
Biodefense Medical Countermeasure 
Development 
Biomedical Research and Research 
Training 
Bio-Preparedness Collaboratory 

Biotechnology Risk Assessment Research 

Buffer Zone Protection Program (BZPP) 

Buffer Zone Protection Program (BZPP) 

Cancer Research Manpower 

Capacity Building Among American 
Indian Tribes 
Capacity Building Assistance to 
Strengthen Public Health Immunization 
Infrastructure and Performance ├é┬┐ 
financed in part by the Prevention and 
Public Health Fund (PPHF-2012) 
Capacity Building for Sustainable 
Communities 
Capacity Building for Traditionally 
Underserved Populations 
Capacity Building Grants and 
Cooperative Agreements for Compliance 
Assurance and Enforcement Activities in 
Indian Country and Other Tribal Areas 
Centers for Research and Demonstration 
for Health Promotion and Disease 
Prevention 
Centers of Excellence 

Charter Schools 

Coastal Zone Management Estuarine 
Research Reserves 
Community Assistance Program State 
Support Services Element (CAP-SSSE) 
Community Assistance Program State 
Support Services Element (CAP-SSSE) 
Community Development Financial 
Institutions Program 
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT WORK-
STUDY PROGRAM 
Community Food Projects 

Community Services Block Grant 

Cooperative Agreements to 
States/Territories for the Coordination 
and Development of Primary Care Offices 
Cooperative Forestry Research 

Direct Housing_Natural Disaster Loans 
and Grants 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

155 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Disaster Assistance Projects 

Discovery and Applied Research for 
Technological Innovations to Improve 
Human Health 
Federal-State Marketing Improvement 
Program 
Indian Education Facilities, Operations, 
and Maintenance 
Indian Self-Determination Act Contracts, 
Grants and Cooperative Agreements 
International Forestry Programs 

Management Initiatives 

Marine Minerals Activities 

Marine Minerals Activities - Hurricane 
Sandy 
Marine Sanctuary Program 

Marine Turtle Conservation Fund 

NATIONAL ENERGY INFORMATION 
CENTER 
Program Development and Innovation 
Grants 
Promotion of the Arts_Partnership 
Agreements 
Resident Instruction Grants for Insular 
Area Activities 
State Indoor Radon Grants 

STOCKPILE STEWARDSHIP 
COLLABORATIVE R&D 
STRATEGIC PLANNING 

Superfund State and Indian Tribe Core 
Program Cooperative Agreements 
Surveillance of Hazardous Substance 
Emergency Events 
TECH ASSIST FOR LOCAL AND TRIBAL 
GOVTS 
Metropolitan Transportation Planning 

Hurricane Education Recovery 

Occupant Protection Incentive Grants 

MISCELLANEOUS GRANTS 

Anti-Gang Initiative 

Growth Mangement Planning Assistance 

Statewide Automated Victim Information 
Notification (SAVIN) Program 
Environmental Quality Incentives 
Program 
Alaska Subsistence Management 

Dutch John Federal Property and 
Disposition Assistance Act 
Comprehensive Approaches to Sex 
Offender Management Discretionary 
Grant (CASOM) 
ADMINISTRATIVE GRANTS FOR FEDERAL 
AID IN SPORT FISH AND WILDLIFE 
RESTORATI 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

156 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
WILDLIFE STUDIES 

NO NAME AVAILABLE 

Regional Environmental Priority Projects 

LAW ENFORCEMENT COOPERATIVE 
AGREEMENTS (LECA) 
Indicates awards funded from multiple 
programs 
Family Violence Prevention and 
Services/Grants for Battered Women's 
Shelters_Grants to States and Indian 
Tribes 
Child Health and Human Development 
Extramural Research 
Specialty Crop Block Grant Program - 
Farm Bill 
Family Violence Prevention and 
Services/Grants For Battered Women's 
Shelters_Grants to State Domestic 
Violence Coalitions 
Demonstration to Maintain Independence 
and Employment 
Geriatric Education Centers 

*HOPE FOR HOMEOWNERSHIP OF 
SINGLE FAMILY HOMES (1992B) 
State Capacity Building 

Alcohol National Research Service 
Awards for Research Training 
Bioterrorism Training and Curriculum 
Development Program 
Community Economic Adjustment 
Planning Assistance for Reductions in 
Defense Industry Employment 
SMALL RECLAMATION PROJECTS ACT OF 
1956, 43 U.S.C. 422-423G 
Technical and Non-Financial Assistance 
to Health Centers 
Special Education - Grants for Infants 
and Families, Recovery Act 
Recovery Act - Edward Byrne Memorial 
Justice Assistance Grant (JAG) Program / 
Grants To Units Of Local Government 
Independent Living Services for Older 
Individuals Who are Blind, Recovery Act 
Parental Information and Resource 
Centers 
Special Education Grants to States, 
Recovery Act 
Recovery Act - State Victim 
Compensation Formula Grant Program 
Recovery Act ├é┬┐ Assistance to Rural 
Law Enforcement to Combat Crime and 
Drugs Competitive Grant Program 
Recovery Act - Edward Byrne Memorial 
Competitive Grant Program 
2010 Olympics First Responder Training 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

157 

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
FAIR HOUSING INITIATIVES PROGRAM 
(FHIP) PRIVATE ENFORCEMENT 
INITIATIVE 
Homeless Education Disaster Assistance 
Program 
Medicare Enrollment Assistance Program 

Health Manpower Initiative Awards 

ARRA - Survey and Certification 
Ambulatory Surgical Center Healthcare-
Associated Infection (ASC-HAI) 
Prevention Initiative 
Corrections_Research and Evaluation 
and Policy Formulation 
ARRA ├é┬┐ Dental Public Health 
Residency Training Grants 
Incentive Grant Program to Prohibit 
Racial Profiling 
Demonstration Grants to States with 
Respect to Alzheimer's Disease 
ARRA - Nurse Faculty Loan Program 

Emergency Food Assistance Program 
(Food Commodities) 
State Broadband Data and Development 
Grant Program 
Recovery Act ├é┬┐ Comparative 
Effectiveness Research - AHRQ 
State Fiscal Stabilization Fund (SFSF) - 
Race-to-the-Top Incentive Grants, 
Recovery Act 
Veterans State Domiciliary Care 

Affordable Care Act (ACA) State Health 
Care Workforce Development Grants 
Underground Railroad Educational and 
Cultural Program 
Affordable Care Act (ACA) Nurse-
Managed Health Clinics 
Lead-Based Paint Hazard Control in 
Privately-Owned Housing 
John R. Justice Prosecutors and 
Defenders Incentive Act 
Science 

U.S. Election Assistance Commission 
Research Grants 
Advanced Education Nursing 
Traineeships 
Healthy Homes Demonstration Grants 

Shelter Plus Care 

EDWARD BYRNE MEMORIAL JUSTICE 
ASSISTANCE GRANT PROGRAM 
Presidential Declared Disaster Assistance 
to Individuals and Households - Other 
Needs 
16.812 - Second Chance Act 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

158 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
OFFICE OF MINORITY ECONOMIC 
IMPACT, OFFICE OF ECONOMIC IMPACT 
& DIVERSITY 
Affordable Care Act (ACA) Tribal 
Maternal, Infant, and Early Childhood 
Home Visiting Program 
ACA - State Innovation Models: Funding 
for Model Design and Model Testing 
Assistance 
ACA Support for Demonstration 
Ombudsman Programs Serving 
Beneficiaries of State Demonstrations to 
Integrate Care for Medicare-Medicaid 
Affordable Care Act (ACA) Personal 
Responsibility Education Program 
Chafee Education and Training Vouchers 
Program (ETV) 
Chafee Foster Care Independence 
Program 
Child Abuse and Neglect State Grants 

Child Care Mandatory and Matching 
Funds of the Child Care and 
Development 
Compensation and Working Conditions 

Cooperative Agreements to Promote 
Adolescent Health through School-Based 
HIV/STD Prevention and School-Based 
Surveillance 
Developmental Disabilities Basic Support 
and Advocacy Grants 
Fair Housing Organization Initiatives 

Fire Management Assistance Grant 

Grants to States for Access and 
Visitation Programs 
Head Start 

HHS Programs for Disaster Relief 
Appropriations Act - Non Construction 
INDEPENDENT LIVING - STATE GRANTS 

Indian Law Enforcement 

National Family Caregiver Support, Title 
III, Part E 
National Family Caregiver Support, Title 
III, Part E 
National Priority Safety Programs 

PPHF 2012: Breast and Cervical Cancer 
Screening Opportunities for States, 
Tribes and Territories solely financed by 
2012 Prevention and Public Health Funds 
Promoting Safe and Stable Families 

Public Safety Officers' Educational 
Assistance 
REHABILITATION SERVICES - 
INDEPENDENT LIVING SERVICES FOR 
OLDER INDIVIDUAL 
Social Services Block Grant (SSBG) 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

159 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
Special Programs for the Aging_Title III, 
Part B_Grants for Supportive Services 
and Senior Centers 
Special Programs for the Aging_Title III, 
Part D_Disease Prevention and Health 
Promotion Services 
Special Programs for the Aging-Title III, 
Part B-Grants for Supportive Ser 
Special Programs for the Aging-Title III, 
Part C-Nutrition Services 
Special Programs for the Aging-Title III, 
Part D-Disease Prevention and He 
Special Programs for the Aging-Title VII, 
Chapter 2-Long Term Care Ombudsm 
Special Programs for the Aging-Title VII, 
Chapter 3-Programs for Preventio 
STATE GRANTS FOR ASSISTIVE 
TECHNOLOGY 
State Medicaid Fraud Control Units 

State Medicaid Fraud Control Units 

State Partnership Grant Program to 
Improve Minority Health 
State Public Health Approaches for 
Ensuring Quitline Capacity ├é┬┐ Funded 
in part by Prevention and Public Health 
Funds (PPHF) 
State Survey and Certification of Health 
Care Providers and Suppliers (Tit 
State Survey Certification of Health Care 
Providers and Suppliers (Title X 
Stephanie Tubbs Jones Child Welfare 
Services Program 
Voting Access for Individuals with 
Disabilities Grants for Protection and 
DNA Backlog Reduction Program 

Health Care Innovation Awards (HCIA) 

Training in General, Pediatric, and Public 
Health Dentistry 
Cross Agency Support 

ENERGY POLICY, PLANNING & 
DEVELOPMENT 
Child Nutrition Direct Certification 
Performance Awards 
Healthy Homes Technical Studies Grants 

TBA 

Planning Assistance to States 

Rural Access to Emergency Devices 
Grant and Public Access to Defibrillation 
Demonstration Grant 
National Forum on Youth Violence 
Prevention 
State and Local Implementation Grant 
Program 
Legal Assistance for Victims 

Violence Against Women Formula Grants 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

160 

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco 
Control Act Regulatory Research 
Disaster Relief Appropriations Act for 
Emergency Forest Restoration Program 
(EFRP) 
Family Violence Prevention and 
Services/Battered Women's 
Shelters_Discretionary Grants 
Research of the Responsible Conduct of 
Research (RCR) 
NOAA Mission-Related Education Awards 

CRIME VICTIM COMPENSATION 

Interoperable Communications and 
Training Project 
Juvenile Accountability Block Grants 

Fuel Tax Evasion-Intergovernmental 
Enforcement Effort 
Residential Substance Abuse Treatment 
for State Prisoners 
Climate and Atmospheric Research 

Computer and Information Science and 
Engineering 
General Research and Technology 
Activity 
Nuclear Energy Research, Development 
and Demonstration 
Office of Cyberinfrastructure 

Office of Experimental Program to 
Stimulate Competitive Research 
Office of Science Financial Assistance 
Program 
Research Innovation and Development 
Grants in Economic (RIDGE) 
Social, Behavioral, and Economic 
Sciences 
Space Operations 

Space Operations 

State Planning and Research 

Transformation Initiative Research 
Grants: Sustainable Community 
Research Grant Program 
UNIVERSITY-LABORATORY 
COOPERATIVE PROGRAM 
Rural Health Research Centers 

Predictive Science Academic Alliance 
Program 
Social Innovation Fund 

Health Information Technology Regional 
Extension Centers Program 
Public Safety Interoperable 
Communications Grant Program 
Telehealth Programs 

National All Schedules Prescription 
Electronic Reporting Grant 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

161 

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
ARRA - Communities Putting Prevention 
to Work: Chronic Disease Self-
Management Program 
Small Rural Hospital Improvement Grant 
Program 
Supportive Housing Program 

Alternatives to Psychiatric Residential 
Treatment Facilities for Children 
Home Investment Partnerships Program 

Centers for Independent Living 

VA Homeless Providers Grant and Per 
Diem Program 
Bilingual/Bicultural Service 
Demonstration Grants 
Community Outreach and Assistance 
Partnership Program 
Education and Human Resources 

Education and Outreach Initiatives 

Higher Education - Institution Challenge 
Grants Program 
Higher Education - Multicultural Scholars 
Grant Program 
Higher Education Challenge Grants 

Higher Education Multicultural Scholars 
Program 
International Education Training and 
Research 
Leveraging Educational Assistance 
Partnership 
MINORITY EDUCATIONAL INST ASST 
PROGRAM 
National Nuclear Security Administration 
(NNSA) Minority Serving Institutions 
(MSI) Program 
National Resource Centers Program for 
Foreign Language and Area Studies or 
Foreign Language and International 
Studies Program and Foreign Language 
and Area Studies Fellowship Program 
Promotion of the Humanities_Office of 
Digital Humanities 
Science, Technology, Engineering and 
Mathematics (STEM) Educational 
Program: Science, Mathematics And 
Research for Transformation (SMART) 
Secondary and Two-Year Postsecondary 
Agriculture Education Challenge Grants 
U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission 
Minority Serving Institutions Program 
(MSIP) 
Teacher Quality Partnerships, Recovery 
Act 
RACE TO THE TOP 

Promoting Readiness of Minors in 
Supplemental Security Income 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

162 

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
Education and Enforcement of the 
Antidiscrimination Provision of the 
Immigration and Nationality Act 
Education Jobs Fund 

Hurricane Sandy Disaster Relief 
Appropriations Act Supplemental - 
National Emergency Grants (NEGs) 
REHABILITATION SERVICES PROJECT 

Rehabilitation Services_Service Projects 

Senior Environmental Employment 
Program 
State Senior Environmental Employment 
Program 
Rural Business Enterprise Grants 

Rural Business Enterprise Grants - ARRA 

Small Socially- Disadvantaged Producer 
Grants 
Work Opportunity Tax Credit Program 
(WOTC) 
Air Pollution Control Program Support 

Water Resources on Indian Lands 

NATURAL RESOURCES 

Protection of Children from 
Environmental Health Risks 
Historic Preservation Fund Grants-In-Aid 

Conservation Assessment Program 

NLG/Professional Services 

ARRA - State Grants to Promote Health 
Information Technology 
Disaster Relief Appropriations Act Susan 
Harwood Training Grants 
Special Education_Technical Assistance 
and Dissemination to Improve Services 
and Results for Children with Disabilities 
Promote the Survival and Continuing 
Vitality of Native American Languages 
Mississippi National River and Recreation 
Area State and Local Assistance 
Cancer Centers Support Grants 

Consolidated Knowledge Development 
and Application (KD&A) Program 
COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT TO USE 
STATE PRISONERS ON PUBLIC LANDS 
Federal Resource Protection 

Forensic DNA Backlog Reduction 
Program 
GRANTS FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF 
DEPARTMENTS OF FAMILY MEDICINE 
Health Administration Traineeships 
Program 
Improving, Enhancing, and Evaluating 
Outcomes of Comprehensive Heart 
Health Care Programs for High-Risk 
Women 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

YES 

163 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
INDIAN SELF-DETERMINATION ACT 

LAW ENFORCEMENT ASST-UNDEFINED 

NATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF 
EDUCTIONAL PROGRESS (NAEP) 
National Guard Special Military 
Operations and Projects both ARNG and 
ANG 
Payments for Essential Air Services 

Tribal Self-Governance Program: IHS 
Compacts/Funding Agreements 
Uniformed Services University Medical 
Research Projects 
WEED CONTROL 

ENVIRONMENTAL CAREERS 
ORGANIZATION 
Healthy Schools, Healthy Communities 

Section 416(b) 

HAZARDS/HAZMAT 

Alcohol Research Center Grants 

CIVIC EDUCATION 

ASSISTANCE TO NONPROFIT 
ORGANIZATIONS WITH ACTIVITIES 
RELATING TO ENVIRON 
RESEARCH IN PUBLIC LANDS 

Cooperative Agreements for State-Based 
Comprehensive Breast and Cervical 
Cancer Early Detection Programs 
Podiatric Residency Training in Primary 
Care 
Ambassadors for Change Program 

DEFENSE CONVERSION GRANTS 

Physician Assistant Training in Primary 
Care 
National Historic Landmark 

HURRICAN KATRINA FOREIGN 
CONTRIBUTIONS 
Targeting Obesity in Young Women to 
Prevent the Development of Type II Dia 
State Health Fraud Task Force Grants 

MIGRANT HEALTH CENTERS GRANTS 

GRANTS TO US/ICOMOS, 
INTERNATIONAL COUNCIL ON 
MONUMENTS AND SITES 
SURVEYS, STUDIES, INVESTIGATIONS, 
TRAINING, DEMONSTRATIONS, AND 
SPECIAL P 
ARMS CONTROL AND NONPROLIF. 
POLICY ANALY 
HANSEN'S DISEASE NATIONAL 
AMBULATORY CARE PROGRAM 
PART E-STATE CHALLENGE ACTIVITIES 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

YES 

164 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
National Institute of Justice W.E.B. 
DuBois Fellowship Program 
Intramural Research Training Award 

Refugee Assistance_Naturalization and 
Citizenship Activities 
Academic Exchange Programs - 
Graduate Students 
Crime Victims' Rights Act 

Grants for Graduate Training in Family 
Medicine 
Marine Instrumentation Special Projects 
- DISCONTINUED 
HEALTH & SAFETY PROGRAMS FOR 
CONST WORK & MODEL CONST SAF & 
HEALTH 
Grants for Training in Emergency Medical 
Services 
LAW ENFORCEMENT ASST-TRAINING 

Cooperative Agreements for Drug Abuse 
Treatment Improvement Projects in Ta 
FIRE ECOLOGY EDUCATION PROJECT 

UMTA - HUMAN RESOURCES PROGRAM 

Benjamin Gilman International 
Scholarship 
BIOMETRY AND RISK ESTIMATION-
HEALTH RISKS FROM ENVIRONMENTAL 
EXPOSURES 
Health Programs for Refugees 

Multifamily Assisted Housing Reform and 
Affordability Act 
Program of Research on the Economic of 
Invasive Species Management (PREISM) 
RELOCATION OF POWER LINES, GAS 
LINES, ROADS, UTILITIES AND BRIDGES 
American Council of Young Political 
Leaders 
RFA PPE AND EQUIPMENT 

Recovery Act - Internet Crimes against 
Children Task Force Program (ICAC) 
Assistance Payments - Research 

Recovery Act - VOCA Crime Victim 
Assistance Discretionary Grant Program 
Model-Based Human Reliability Analysis 

ARRA - Health Careers Opportunity 
Program 
RESOURCES AND MANPOWER 
DEVELOPMENT IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL 
HEALTH SCIENCES 
HOMEOWNERSHIP AND OPPORTUNITY 
FOR PEOPLE EVERYWHERE (HOPE 2) 
Educational Exchange_Scholar-in-
Residence (U.S. Institutions of Higher 
Education Host Lecturing Faculty From 
Abroad) 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

165 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
Marketing Agreements and Orders 

Office of Administration Special 
Programs - DISCONTINUED 
Seed Grants to States for Qualified High-
Risk Pools 
Cellular and Molecular Basis of Disease 
Research 
Capacity Building for Traditionally 
Underserved Populations, Recovery Act. 
Reduction and Prevention of Children's 
Exposure to Violence 
Strengthening Public Health 
Infrastructure for Improved Health 
Outcomes 
Emergency Capital Repair Grants for 
Multifamily Housing Projects Designated 
for Occupancy 
ARRA - Preventive Medicine Residency 
Program 
LAW ENFORCEMENT R & D 

Foreign Public Health Construction 

Affordable Care Act (ACA) Prevention 
Center for Healthy Weight 
Demonstration Grants for Residential 
Treatment for Women and Their Childre 
PPHF 2012: Nutrition, Physical Activity 
and Obesity Program - financed in part 
by 2012 Prevention and Public Health 
Funds (PPHF-2012) 
Export Control and Related Border 
Security 
Building Capacity of the Public Health 
System to Improve Population Health 
through National, Non-Profit 
Organizations- financed in part by 2013 
Prevention and Public Health Funds 
(PPHF-2013) 
Transformation Initiative Research 
Grants: Natural Experiments 
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT 
PERFORMANCE GRANT 
Supporting Teens through Education and 
Protection Act of 2005 (STEP Act) 
Affordable Care Act - Preparedness and 
Emergency Response Learning Centers 
National Institute of Justice Research, 
Evaluation, and Development Projec 
Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs (NEA) 

The Affordable Care Act: Centers for 
Disease Control and 
Prevention_Investigations and Technical 
Assistance 
Affordable Care Act - Preparedness and 
Emergency Response Research Centers: 
A Public Health Systems Approach 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

166 

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
State Public Health Approaches for 
Ensuring Quitline Capacity ├é┬┐ Funded 
in part by 2012 Prevention and Public 
Health Funds (PPHF-2012) 
Affordable Care Act (ACA) Public Health 
Training Centers Program 
AEECA PD Programs 

PPHF-2012: Health Care 
Surveillance/Health Statistics ├é┬┐ 
Surveillance Program Announcement: 
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance 
System Financed in Part by 2012 
Prevention and Public Health Funds 
(PPHF-2012) 
Family Violence Prevention and 
Services/Discretionary Grants 
Elder Abuse Prevention Interventions 
Program 
Tenant Resource Network Program 

Capacity Building for Non-Land Grant 
Colleges of Agriculture (NLGCA) 
Part 1774 ├é┬┐ Special Evaluation 
Assistance for Rural Communities and 
Households Program (SEARCH) 
Affordable Care Act Initiative to Reduce 
Avoidable Hospitalizations among 
Nursing Facility Residents 
Breastfeeding Promotion and Support 
├é┬┐ Improving Maternity Care Practices 
project financed solely by 2012 Public 
Prevention and Health Funds 
Construction & Environmental 
Compliance & Remediation 
Navy Command, Control, 
Communications, Computers, 
Intelligence, Surveillance, and 
Reconnaissance 
National Nuclear Forensics Expertise 
Development Program 
Mortgage Insurance_Combination and 
Manufactured Home Lot Loans 
Annual Grant Competition 

Strengthening Emergency Care Delivery 
in the United States Healthcare System 
through Health Information and 
Promotion 
Fair Housing Initiatives Program 
Enforcement Testing Technical 
Assistance 
Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs 
(WHA) Grant Programs (including Energy 
and Climate Partnership for the 
Americas) 
Antiterrorism Assistance ├é┬┐ Domestic 
Training Programs 
Construction & Environmental 
Compliance & Remediation 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

167 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
Global Peace Operations Initiative 

Affordable Care Act: Coordinating Center 
for Interprofessional Education and 
Collaborative Practice 
PPHF 2012: Early Childcare and 
Education Obesity Prevention Program - 
Obesity Prevention in Young Children - 
financed solely by 2012 Public 
Prevention and Health Funds 
Special Supplemental Nutrition Program 
for Women, Infants and Children; 
Nutrition Education Innovations 
Asthma Interventions in Public and 
Assisted Multifamily Housing 
Tribal Self-Governance 

Continuum of Care Program 

Cooperative Research and Training 
Programs ├é┬┐ Resources of the 
National Park System 
Services to Indian Children, Elderly and 
Families 
Agriculture on Indian Lands 

National Public Health Improvement 
Initiative 
Indian Self-Determination Contract 
Support 
Tribal Courts 

Consolidated And Technical Assistance 
Grant Program to Address Children and 
Youth Experiencing Domestic and Sexual 
Violence and Engage Men and Boys as 
Allies 
Indian Child and Family Education 

Aid To Tribal Governments 

Strong Start for Mothers and Newborns 

Risk Management Education Partnerships 

Indian Rights Protection 

Collaboration with the World Health 
Organization and its regional offices for 
global health security and the 
International Health Regulations (IHR 
2005) 
Environmental Management_Indian 
Programs 
Indian Education_Higher Education Grant 
Program 
Rural Capacity Building for Community 
Development and Affordable Housing 
Grants 
The Secretary's Office of the Global 
Partnership Initiative (S/GPI) Grant 
Programs 
Corrections and Correctional Alternatives 
Program 
Technical Preservation Services 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

168 

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
CyberTipline 

Well-Integrated Screening and 
Evaluation for Women Across the Nation 
Administrative Cost Grants for Indian 
Schools 
Scientific Research - Combating 
Weapons of Mass Destruction 
Indian Child Welfare Act_Title II Grants 

Women and Minorities in Science, 
Technology, Engineering, and 
Mathematics Fields 
Sodium Reduction in Communities 

Racial and Ethnic Approaches to 
Community Health 
National Register of Historic Places 

Training Resource and Data Exchange 

Assistance to Tribally Controlled 
Community Colleges and Universities 
Bureau of Indian Affairs 
Facilities_Operations and Maintenance 
Trans-National Crime 

Health Promotion and Disease Prevention 
Research Centers: PPHF - Affordable 
Care Act Projects 
Indian Housing Assistance 

Los Alamos National Laboratory - Fire 
Protection 
Higher Education ├é┬┐ Graduate 
Fellowships Grant Program 
Matching Grants for Health Professions 
Scholarships to Indian Tribes 
Strengthening the Nation's Public Health 
System through a National Voluntary 
Accreditation Program for State, Tribal, 
Local and Territorial Health Departments 
COMMERCIAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR 
MAINTENANCE ACTIVITIES PROGRAM 
PPHF National Public Health 
Improvement Initiative 
Global Engagement 

National Incident Management System 
(NIMS) 
Fire Service Hazardous Materials 
Preparedness and Response 
Graduate Research Opportunities for 
Minority Students (Minorities and 
Retirement Security Program) 
IIP - American Spaces 

PPHF Capacity Building Assistance to 
Strengthen Public Health Immunization 
Infrastructure and Performance financed 
in part by Prevention and Public Health 
Funds 
Virginia Operational Integration Cyber 
Center of Excellence 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

169 

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
Supportive Housing for Persons with 
Disabilities 
Supportive Housing for the Elderly 

Home Investment Partnerships Program 

Rural Housing and Economic 
Development 
UNIVERSITIES REBUILDING AMERICA 
PROGRAM-COMMUNITY DESIGN 
Mathematics and Science Partnerships 

Consolidated Grant to the Outlying Areas 

Consolidated Grants to the Outlying 
Areas, Recovery Act 
Reading First State Grants 

Ready-To-Learn Television 

Javits Gifted and Talented Students 
Education 
State Grants for Innovative Programs 

Alaska Native Educational Programs 

Early Reading First 

Advanced Placement Program (Advanced 
Placement Test Fee; Advanced 
Placement Incentive Program Grants) 
BILINGUAL EDUCATION TRAINING 
GRANTS 
Comprehensive Centers 

Comprehensive School Reform 
Demonstration 
Education for Homeless Children and 
Youth 
Education for Homeless Children and 
Youth, Recovery Act 
English Language Acquisition Grants 

English Language Acquisition State 
Grants 
Even Start_Indian Tribes and Tribal 
Organizations 
Even Start_Migrant Education 

Even Start_State Educational Agencies 

Foreign Language Assistance 

Fund for the Improvement of Education 

High School Graduation Initiative 

Indian Education -- Special Programs for 
Indian Children 
Indian Education_Assistance to Schools 

Indian Education_Grants to Local 
Educational Agencies 
INSULAR AREA CONSOLIDATED GRANTS 

Learn and Serve America Innovative 
Community-Based Service-Learning 
Programs 
Learn and Serve America_Higher 
Education 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

YES 

YES 

YES 

YES 

YES 

170 

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
Learn and Serve America_School and 
Community Based Programs 
Magnet Schools Assistance 

Migrant Education_Coordination Program 

Migrant Education_State Grant Program 

NATIONAL WRITING PROJECT CORP 

Native Hawaiian Education 

Race to the Top ├é┬┐ Early Learning 
Challenge 
Rural Education 

School Improvement Grants 

School Improvement Grants, Recovery 
Act 
Special Education - Personnel 
Development to Improve Services and 
Results for Children with Disabilities 
Special Education - State Personnel 
Development 
Special Education_Grants to States 

Special Education_Parent Information 
Centers 
Special Education_Preschool Grants 

Striving Readers 

Territories and Freely Associated States 
Education Grant Program 
Title I Grants to Local Educational 
Agencies 
Twenty-First Century Community 
Learning Centers 
Women's Educational Equity Program 

Early Childhood Educator Professional 
Development 
EVEN START - FAMILY LITERACY IN 
WOMEN'S PRISONS PROGRAM 
Title I Grants to Local Educational 
Agencies, Recovery Act 
Special Education - Preschool Grants, 
Recovery Act 
Early Learning Fund 

State Fiscal Stabilization Fund (SFSF) - 
Investing in Innovation (i3) Fund, 
Recovery Act 
Investing in Innovation (i3) Fund 

State Fiscal Stabilization Fund (SFSF) - 
Investing in Innovation (i3) Fund 
Race to the Top - District Grants 

Special Education_Educational 
Technology Media, and Materials for 
Individuals with Disabilities 
Special Education_Technology and Media 
Services for Individuals with Disabilities 
Ready to Teach 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

YES 

171 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
Competitive Grants: Promoting K-12 
Student Achievement at Military-
Connected Schools 
Race to the Top ├é┬┐ Early Learning 
Challenge 
Race to the Top ├é┬┐ Early Learning 
Challenge 
State Tribal Education Partnership 
(STEP) 
Rail and Transit Security Grant Program 

Rail and Transit Security Grant Program 
(ARRA) 
Railroad Safety 

Grants-in-Aid for Railroad Safety_State 
Participation 
State and Community Highway Safety 

Biomedical Technology 

National Center for Research Resources 

Alaska Coastal Marine Institute 

Marine Gas Hydrate Research Activities 

Volcano Hazards Program Research and 
Monitoring 
SCIENTIFIC STUDIES 

Air Transportation Centers of Excellence 

Advanced Research and Projects Agency 
├é┬┐ Energy Financial Assistance 
Program 
Air Emissons and Energy Initiative 

Applied Meteorological Research 

Applied Science Program Cooperative 
Agreements Related to Coal Mining and 
Reclamation 
ASPR Science Preparedness and Reponse 
Grants 
Assessment and Watershed Protection 
Program Grants 
Assistance to State Water Resources 
Research Institutes 
Aviation Research Grants 

Basic and Applied Scientific Research 

Basic and Applied Scientific Research 

Basic Applied and Advanced Research in 
Science and Engineering 
Biomass Research and Development 
Initiative Competitive Grants Program 
(BRDI) 
Conservation Research and Development 

Environmental Sciences, Applications, 
Data, and Education 
Fossil Energy Research and Development 

Hydrologic Research 

Measurement and Engineering Research 
and Standards 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

0 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

110 

110 

110 

110  YES 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

172 

 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Meteorologic and Hydrologic 
Modernization Development 
National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
Administration (NOAA) Cooperative 
Institutes 
New ERA Rural Technology Competitive 
Grants Program 
Office of Research and Development 
Consolidated 
Research/Training/Fellowships 
PHMSA Pipeline Safety Research and 
Development ├é┬┐Other Transaction 
Agreements├é┬┐ 
Pipeline Safety Research Competitive 
Academic Agreement Program (CAAP) 
Public Transportation Research 

Railroad Research and Development 

Regional Applied Research Efforts 
(RARE) 
Renewable Energy Research and 
Development 
RESEARCH 

Research and Evaluation Program 

Research and Technical Assistance 

Research and Technology Development 

Research and Technology Development 

Research Grants 

Research Grants (Generic) 

Research, Development, Monitoring, 
Public Education, Training, 
Demonstrations, and Studies 
RESEARCH/ISSUES 

Science and Technology Projects Related 
to Coal Mining and Reclamation 
Science To Achieve Results (STAR) 
Research Program 
Sea Grant Support 

Temporally Integrated Monitoring of 
Ecosystems (TIME) and Long-Term 
Monitoring (LTM) Program 
Transportation Planning, Research and 
Education 
University Coal Research 

RESEARCH GRANTS FOR THE SPACE 
PROGRAM 
Water Desalination Research and 
Development Program 
Alternative or Innovative Treatment 
Technology Research, Demonstration, 
Training, and Hazardous Substance 
Research Grants 
Biobased Transportation Research 

Advanced Research Projects Agency - 
Energy 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

11 

11 

11 

11 

110 

110 

110 

110 

11 

110 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110  YES 

110 

173 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Urban Waters Small Grants 

Adaptive Science 

Minerals Management Service (MMS) 
Environmental Studies Program (ESP) 
Highway R&D Program 

Highway Research and Development 
Program 
Highway Research and Development 
Program 
P3 Award: National Student Design 
Competition for Sustainability 
Motor Carrier Research and Technology 
Programs 
Electricity Delivery and Energy 
Reliability, Research, Development and 
Analysis 
Louisiana State University (LSU) Coastal 
Marine Institute (CMI) 
Office of Environmental Waste 
Processing 
Environmental Remediation and Waste 
Processing and Disposal 
Financial Assistance for National Centers 
for Coastal Ocean Science 
RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY 
DEVELOPMENT 
Greater Research Opportunities (GRO) 
Research Program 
URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION 
GRANTS FOR UNIVERSITY RESEARCH 
AND TRAINING 
Centers for International Business 
Education 
SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC 
RESEARCH 
ARRA - Strategic Health IT Advanced 
Research Projects (SHARP) 
ELECTRICITY DELIVERY AND ENERGY 
RELIABILITY, RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT 
AND ANA 
Volcano Hazards Program Research and 
Monitoring. 
Basic Applied and Advanced Reserch in 
Science and Engineering 
Bureau of Ocean Energy Management 
(BOEM) Environmental Studies Program 
(ESP) 
Environmental Management R&D and 
Validation Testing on High Efficiency 
Particulate Air (HEPA) Filters 
RAILROAD SAFETY TECHNOLOGY 
GRANTS 
Research Infrastructure Programs 

Cancer Construction 

ARRA - Maternal and Child Health (MCH) 
Pediatric Research Network Program 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

11 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110  YES 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

110 

11 

110 

11 

12 

12 

12 

110 

120 

120 

120 

174 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction Support 

Laboratory Equipment Donation Program 

Laboratory Leadership, Workforce 
Training and Management Development, 
Improving Public Health Laboratory 
Infrastructure 
National Center for Research Resources, 
Recovery Act Construction Support 
National Institute of Standards and 
Technology Construction Grant Program 
PPHF 2012 ├é┬┐ Public Health 
Laboratory Infrastructure ├é┬┐ financed 
solely by 2012 Prevention and Public 
Health Fund 
UNIVERSITY RESEARCH 
INSTRUEMENTATION 
ARRA - Community Health Applied 
Research Network 
PPHF ├é┬┐ Public Health Laboratory 
Infrastructure ├é┬┐ financed solely by 
Prevention and Public Health Fund 
Research Facilities Improvement (AIDS 
Infrastructure Projects) 
Collaborative Research and Development 

Technology Innovation Program (TIP) 

Advanced Technology Program 

Federal and State Technology 
Partnership Program 
Small Business Innovation Research 

Inventions and Innovations 

Doctoral Dissertation Research Grants 

University Transportation Centers 

University Transportation Centers 
Program 
Granting of Patent Licenses 

Office of International and Integrative 
Activities 
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER ACTIVITIES 

Capital Assistance to States - Intercity 
Passenger Rail Service 
Fiscal Year 2013 Hurricane Sandy 
Disaster Relief Grants to the National 
Railroad Passenger Corporation 
National Railroad Passenger Corporation 
Grants 
Passenger Rail Investment and 
Improvement (PRIIA) Projects for 
Washington Metropolitan Area Transit 
Authority (WMATA) 
Rail Line Relocation and Improvement 

Railroad Development 

RAILROAD REHABILITATION AND 
IMPROVEMENT-GUA 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

12 

12 

12 

12 

12 

12 

12 

12 

12 

12 

13 

13 

13 

13 

13 

13 

14 

14 

14 

14 

14 

14 

21 

21 

21 

21 

21 

21 

21 

120 

120 

120 

120 

120 

120 

120 

120 

120 

120 

130 

130 

130 

130 

130 

130 

140 

140 

140 

140 

140 

140 

210 

210 

210 

210  YES 

210 

210 

210 

175 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Maglev Project Selection Program - 
SAFETEA-LU 
High Speed Ground Transportation_Next 
Generation High Speed Rail Program 
High-Speed Rail Corridors and Intercity 
Passenger Rail Service ├é┬┐ Capital 
Assistance Grants 
Bus and Bus Facilities Formula Program 

Capital and Training Assistance Program 
for Over-the-Road Bus Accessibility 
Clean Fuels 

Clean School Bus USA 

Highway Planning and Construction 

Road Maintenance_Indian Roads 

Highway Planning and Construct 

Surface Transportation _ Discretionary 
Grants for Capital Investment 
Surface Transportation _ Discretionary 
Grants for Capital Investment. 
HIGHWAY BEAUTIFICATION-CONTROL 
OF OUTDOOR ADVERTISING AND 
JUNKYARDS 
America├é┬┐s Marine Highway Grants 

Development of Ports and Intermodal 
Tran 
Sportfishing and Boating Safety Act 

Airport Improvement Program 

Payments for Small Community Air 
Service Development 
TSA Airport Checked Baggage Inspection 
System Program ├é┬┐ (ARRA) 
Capital Assistance Program for Elderly 
Persons and Persons with Disabilities 
Commercial Vehicle Information Systems 
and Networks 
Capital Assistance Program for Reducing 
Energy Consumption and Greenhouse 
Gas Emissions 
Enhanced Mobility of Seniors and 
Individuals with Disabilities 
Federal Transit_Capital Investment 
Grants 
Federal Transit_Formula Grants 

Formula Grants for Other Than 
Urbanized Areas 
Formula Grants for Rural Areas 

Indian Schools_Student Transportation 

Job Access And Reverse Commute 
Program 
Job Access_Reverse Commute 

National Infrastructure Investments 

New Freedom Program 

Public Transportation Emergency Relief 
Program 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

2 

21 

21 

21 

22 

22 

22 

22 

22 

22 

22 

22 

22 

22 

23 

23 

23 

24 

24 

24 

25 

25 

25 

25 

25 

25 

25 

25 

25 

25 

25 

25 

25 

25 

210 

210 

210 

220 

220 

220 

220 

220 

220 

220 

220 

220 

220 

230 

230 

230 

240 

240 

240 

250 

250 

250 

250 

250 

250 

250 

250 

250 

250 

250 

250 

250 

250  YES 

176 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
Recovery Act of 2009: Capital 
Improvement and Maintenance 
State of Good Repair Grants Program 

Paul S. Sarbanes Transit in the Parks 

Capital Assist for Elderly and Disabled 

Commercial Drivers License Information 
System (CDLIS) Modernization Grant 
ARRA ├é┬┐Health Information 
Technology and Public Health 
Broadband Initiatives Program 

Broadband Technology Opportunities 
Program (BTOP) 
Community Connect Grant Program 

Public Telecommunications Facilities 
Planning and Construction 
Public Television Station Digital 
Transition Grant Program 
TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND 
INFORMATION INFRASTRUCTURE 
ASSISTANCE PROGRAM 
Broadband Technology Opportunities 
Program 
Low-Power Television and Translator 
Digital-to-Analog Conversion 
Low-Power Television and Translator 
Upgrade Program 
ARRA - Health Information Technology - 
Beacon Communities 
Disaster Donations Management 
Program 
Star Schools 

Impact Aid 

Credit Enhancement for Charter School 
Facilities 
Impact Aid School Construction, 
Recovery Act 
Replacement and Repair of Indian 
Schools 
Schools and Roads - Grants to Counties 

Schools and Roads - Grants to States 

U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission 
Nuclear Education Grant Program 
University Reactor Infrastructure and 
Education Support 
Impact Aid -- School Construction 
Formula Grants, Recovery Act 
IMPACT AID 

ARRA ├é┬┐ Equipment to Enhance 
Training for Health Professionals 
Improving Literacy Through School 
Libraries 
Educational Technology State Grants 

Education Technology State Grants, 
Recovery Act 

2 

2 

2 

2 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

3 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

25 

25 

25 

25 

31 

31 

31 

31 

31 

31 

31 

31 

31 

31 

31 

31 

31 

41 

41 

41 

41 

41 

41 

41 

41 

41 

41 

41 

41 

41 

41 

41 

250 

250 

250 

250 

310 

310 

310 

310 

310 

310 

310 

310 

310 

310 

310 

310 

310 

410 

410 

410 

410 

410 

410 

410 

410 

410 

410 

410 

410 

410 

410 

410 

177 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
Medicaid Infrastructure Grants To 
Support the Competitive Employment of 
People with Disabilities 
Affordable Care Act (ACA) Grants for 
Capital Development in Health Centers 
Affordable Care Act (ACA) Grants for 
New and Expanded Services under the 
Health Center Program 
Affordable Care Act (ACA) Grants for 
School-Based Health Center Capital 
Expenditures 
ARRA ├é┬┐ Grants to Health Center 
Programs 
Health Care and Other Facilities 

Affordable Care Act (ACA) Infrastructure 
to Expand Access to Care 
Grants to States for Construction of 
State Home Facilities 
The Rural Development (RD) Multi-
Family Housing Revitalization 
Demonstration Program (MPR) 
Weatherization Assistance for Low-
Income Persons 
Assisted Housing Stability and Energy 
and Green Retrofit Investments Program 
(Recovery Act Funded) 
Native American Housing Block Grants 
(Competitive) Recovery Act Funded 
Native American Housing Block Grants 
(Formula) Recovery Act Funded 
Native Hawaiian Housing Block Grants 

Public Housing Capital Fund 

Public Housing Capital Fund Competitive 
(Recovery Act Funded) 
Public Housing Capital Fund Stimulus 
(Formula) Recovery Act Funded 
Native Hawaiian Housing Block Grants 
(Recovery Act Funded) 
Demolition and Revitalization of Severely 
Distressed Public Housing 
State Cemetery Grants 

Recovery Act - Correctional Facilities On 
Tribal Lands 
Community Facilities Loans and Grants 

Emergency Operations Center 

Outdoor Recreation_Acquisition, 
Development and Planning 
Recreation Resource Management 

Recreation Resources Management 

Centers for Independent Living, 
Recovery Act. 
OUTDOOR RECREATION 

Public Housing Neighborhood Networks 
Grants 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

42 

420 

42 

42 

420 

420 

42 

420 

42 

42 

42 

42 

43 

43 

43 

43 

43 

43 

43 

43 

43 

43 

43 

44 

44 

44 

44 

44 

44 

44 

44 

44 

44 

420 

420 

420 

420 

430 

430 

430 

430 

430 

430 

430 

430 

430 

430 

430 

440 

440 

440 

440 

440 

440 

440 

440 

440 

440 

178 

 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
Improvement and Repair of Indian 
Detention Facilities 
ACADEMIC RESEARCH ENHANCEMENT 
AWARD 
MINORITY BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH 
SUPPORT 
TRIO Staff Training Program 

Commercial Motor Vehicle Operator 
Training Grants 
Graduate Assistance in Areas of National 
Need 
Invitational Grants for Military-
Connected Schools 
Javits Fellowships 

Science To Achieve Results (STAR) 
Fellowship Program 
Special Minority Initiatives 

Distance Learning and Telemedicine 
Loans and Grants 
Historically Black Colleges and 
Universities Program 
GALLAUDET UNIVERSITY 

Internship Program for Postsecondary 
Students 
Grants to States 

Business and International Education 
Projects 
21st Century Museum Professionals 

Adult Education - Basic Grants to States 

Adult Education_National Leadership 
Activities 
Career and Technical Education -- Basic 
Grants to States 
Career and Technical Education - Grants 
to Native Americans and Alaska Natives 
Career and Technical Education -- 
National Programs 
Community Based Job Training Grants 

Congressionally Identified Awards and 
Projects 
Demonstration Projects to Support 
Postsecondary Faculty, Staff, and 
Administrations in Educating Students 
with Disabilities 
Education Research, Development and 
Dissemination 
Fund for the Improvement of 
Postsecondary Education 
Gaining Early Awareness and Readiness 
for Undergraduate Programs 
Higher Education_Institutional Aid 

Incentive Grants - WIA Section 503 

International Education_Technological 
Innovation and Cooperation for Foreign 
Information Access 

4 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

44 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

440 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510  YES 

510  YES 

510  YES 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

179 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
Language Grant Program 

Language Resource Centers 

Language Training Center 

Laura Bush 21st Century Librarian 
Program 
Migrant Education_College Assistance 
Migrant Program 
Minority Science and Engineering 
Improvement 
National Environmental Education 
Training Program 
National Institute for Literacy 

NATIONAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE FOR 
THE DEAF (NTID) 
Native American Basic Grants 

Program of Competitive Grants for 
Worker Training and Placement in High 
Growth and Emerging Industry Sectors 
Promotion of the Humanities_Challenge 
Grants 
Promotion of the Humanities_Teaching 
and Learning Resources and Curriculum 
Development 
Registered Apprenticeship 

Registered Apprenticeship and Other 
Training 
Science, Technology, Engineering & 
Mathematics (STEM) for K-12 & 
Institutions of Higher Learning- NAVY 
State Grants to Reimburse Operators of 
Small Water Systems for Training and 
Certification Costs 
Teacher Quality Partnership Grants 

Tech-Prep Education 

The Language Flagship Grants to 
Institutions of Higher Education 
TRAINING AND FELLOWSHIPS FOR THE 
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 
Transition Programs for Students with 
Intellectual Disabilities into Higher 
Education 
Tribal Colleges and Universities Program 

Tribally Controlled Postsecondary Career 
and Technical Institutions 
TRIO_Educational Opportunity Centers 

TRIO_McNair Post-Baccalaureate 
Achievement 
TRIO_Student Support Services 

TRIO_Talent Search 

TRIO_Upward Bound 

Undergraduate International Studies and 
Foreign Language Programs 
Wastewater Operator Training Grant 
Program 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510  YES 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

51 

510 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

180 

 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Women and Minorities in Science, 
Technology, Engineering, and 
YOUTH BUILD 

Youth Conservation Program 

YOUTH PROGRAMS 

Youthbuild 

Highway Training and Education 

MINORITY ACCESS TO RESEARCH 
CAREERS 
Hispanic-Serving Institutions Assisting 
Communities 
ARRA - Health Information Technology 
Professionals in Health Care 
SPARKS 

Workforce Innovation Fund 

HOWARD UNIVERSITY 

STUDENT TRAINING 

Baccalaureate Degrees in Science, 
Technology, Engineering, Mathematics, 
and Critical Foreign Languages and 
Master's Degrees in Science, Technology, 
Engineering, Mathematics, and Critical 
Foreign Languages 
MINORITY UNDERGRADUATE TRAINING 
FOR ENERGY RELATED CAREERS 
National Network for Environmental 
Management Studies Fellowship Program 
Librarians for the 21st Century 

ROTC Language and Culture Training 
Grants 
Trade Adjustment Assistance Community 
College and Career Training (TAACCCT) 
Grants 
Indian Adult Education 

Migrant Education_High School 
Equivalency Program 
H-1B High Growth Job Training Grants 

Grants to States for Workplace and 
Community Transition Training for 
Incarcerated Individuals 
Native Hawaiian Career and Technical 
Education 
AmeriCorps 

Conservation Activities by Youth Service 
Organizations 
Disability Employment Policy 
Development 
Disabled Veterans' Outreach Program 
(DVOP) 
Employment Service/Wagner-Peyser 
Funded Activities 
Environmental Workforce Development 
and Job Training Cooperative 
Agreements 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

51 

52 

52 

52 

52 

52 

52 

52 

52 

52 

52 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510  YES 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

510 

520 

520 

520 

520 

520 

520 

520 

520 

520 

520 

181 

 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
Green Jobs Innovation Fund Grants 

H-1B Job Training Grants 

Homeless Veterans Reintegration Project 

Indian Employment Assistance 

Job Opportunities for Low-Income 
Individuals 
Local Veterans' Employment 
Representative Program 
Microloan Program 

Native American Employment and 
Training 
Projects with Industry 

Rehabilitation Services_American Indians 
with Disabilities 
Rehabilitation Services_Vocational 
Rehabilitation Grants to States 
Rehabilitation Services-Vocational 
Rehabilitation Grants to States, Recovery 
Act 
Reintegration of Ex-Offenders 

Senior Community Service Employment 
Program 
Supported Employment Services for 
Individuals with the Most Significant 
Disabilities 
Title I State Agency Program for 
Neglected and Delinquent Children and 
Youth 
Transition Assistance Program 

Tribal Work Grants 

Veterans' Employment Program 

WIA Adult Program 

WIA Dislocated Workers 

WIA Dislocated Worker Formula Grants 

WIA Youth Activities 

Work Incentive Grants 

REHABILITATION SERVICES - 
VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION GRANTS 
TO STATES 
SUPPORTED EMPLOYMENT SERVICES 
FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH SEVERE 
DISABILITIES 
ONE-STOP CAREER CENTER INITRATIVE 

Youth Engagement, Education, and 
Employment Programs 
Assistance to small and disadvantaged 
businesses 
Bonding Assistance Program 

Disadvantaged Business 
Enterprises_Short Term Lending 
Program 
ITA Special Projects 

Manufacturing Extension Partnership 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

52 

52 

52 

52 

52 

52 

52 

52 

52 

52 

52 

52 

52 

52 

52 

520  YES 

520 

520 

520 

520 

520 

520 

520 

520 

520 

520 

520 

520 

520 

520 

52 

520 

52 

52 

52 

52 

52 

52 

52 

52 

52 

520 

520 

520 

520 

520 

520 

520 

520 

520 

52 

520 

52 

52 

61 

61 

61 

61 

61 

520 

520 

610 

610 

610 

610 

610 

182 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
MBDA Business Center 

MBDA Business Center - American Indian 
and Alaska Native 
Prime Technical Assistance 

Procurement Technical Assistance For 
Business Firms 
Procurement Technical Assistance For 
Business Firms 
Rural Business Opportunity Grants 

Rural Economic Development Loans and 
Grants 
Rural Microentrepreneur Assistance 
Program 
Service Corps of Retired Executives 

Small Business Development Centers 

Small Business Teaming Pilot Program 

Small Disadvantaged Businesses 

State Trade and Export Promotion Pilot 
Grant Program 
Trade Adjustment Assistance for Firms 

Veterans Business Development 

Women's Business Ownership Assistance 

SMALL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT 
CENTER 
Assistance to Small Shipyards 

Minority Business Enterprise Centers 

Minority Business Resource Development 

Native American Business Enterprise 
Centers 
Market Development Cooperator 
Program 
Minority Business Opportunity Center 
(MBOC) 
8(a) Business Development Program 

Entrepreneurial Development Disaster 
Assistance (Disaster Relief 
Appropriations Act) 
Native American Business Development 
Institute 
Denali Commission Grants and Loans 

Assistance to High Energy Cost Rural 
Communities 
PRIORITIES & ALLOCATIONS FOR 
ENERGY PROG 
Minerals and Mining on Indian Lands 

STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE 

OIL RECOVERY DEMONSTRATION 
PROGRAM 
Pipeline Safety Program Base Grants 

PHMSA Pipeline Safety Program One Call 
Grant 
Pipeline Safety Program State Base 
Grant 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

61 

61 

61 

61 

61 

61 

61 

61 

61 

61 

61 

61 

61 

61 

61 

61 

61 

61 

61 

61 

61 

61 

61 

61 

61 

61 

71 

71 

71 

71 

72 

72 

72 

72 

72 

610 

610 

610 

610 

610 

610 

610 

610 

610 

610 

610 

610 

610 

610 

610 

610 

610 

610 

610  YES 

610 

610 

610 

610  YES 

610 

610  YES 

610 

710  YES 

710 

710 

710 

722  YES 

722 

723 

723 

723 

183 

 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
SOLAR ENERGY PTRNSHP SUP & 
BARRIER ELIMN 
Regional Biomass Energy Programs 

Biodiesel 

BIOENERGY PROGRAM FOR ADVANCED 
BIOFUELS 
Sun Grant Program 

Bioenergy Program for Advanced 
Biofuels 
Repowering Assistance 

Renewable Energy Systems and Energy 
Efficiency Improvements Program 
State Energy Program 

State Energy Program Special Projects 

U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission 
Office of Research Financial Assistance 
Program 
INNOVATIVE CLEAN COAL TECHNOLOGY 
PROGRAM 
INDUSTRIAL ENERGY CONSERVATION 

Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block 
Grant Program (EECBG) 
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy 
Information Dissemination, Outreach, 
Training and Technical 
Analysis/Assistance 
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy 
Technology Deployment, Demonstration 
and Commercialization 
Energy Efficient Appliance Rebate 
Program (EEARP) 
Multifamily Energy Innovation Fund 

National Industrial Competitiveness 
through Energy, Environment, and 
Economics 
Rural Energy for America Program 

ENERGY CONSERVATION FOR 
INSTITUTIONAL BUILDINGS 
Ozone Transport Commission 

State Clean Diesel Grant Program 

Training, Investigations, and Special 
Purpose Activities of Federally-
Recognized Indian Tribes Consistent 
With the Clean Air Act (CAA), Tribal 
Sovereignty and the Protection and 
Management of Air Quality 
National Clean Diesel Emissions 
Reduction Program 
Not-for-Profit AMD Reclamation 

Deschutes River Conservancy (DRC) 

The San Francisco Bay Water Quality 
Improvement Fund 
Gulf of Mexico Program 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

7 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

73 

73 

73 

73 

73 

73 

73 

73 

73 

73 

74 

74 

75 

75 

75 

732 

733 

733 

733 

733 

733 

733 

735 

735 

735 

740 

740  YES 

750 

750 

750 

75 

750 

75 

75 

75 

75 

75 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

750 

750 

750 

750 

750 

811 

811 

811 

811 

812 

812  YES 

812  YES 

812  YES 

184 

 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Klamath Basin _ Environmental Quality 
Incentives Program 
Garrison Diversion Unit 

California Water Security and 
Environmental Enhancement 
Colorado River Basin Salinity Control 
Program 
CALIFORNIA BAY DELTA 
ENVIRONMENTAL ENHANCEMENT, P.L. 
104-333 
West Coast Estuaries Initiative 

Grant Program to Establish a Fund for 
Financing Water and Wastewater 
Projects 
Capitalization Grants for Clean Water 
State Revolving Funds 
Capitalization Grants for Drinking Water 
State Revolving Funds 
Clean Vessel Act 

Construction Grants for Wastewater 
Treatment Works 
Emergency Community Water Assistance 
Grants 
Fort Peck Reservation Rural Water 
System 
Ground and Surface Water 
Conservation_ Environmental Quality 
Incentives Program 
Household Water Well System Grant 
Program 
Indian Tribal Water Resources 
Development, Management, and 
Protection 
Mni Wiconi Rural Water Supply Project 

Nonpoint Source Implementation Grants 

Perkins County Rural Water System 

Potomac Highlands Implementation 
Grants 
Providing Water to At-Risk Natural 
Desert Terminal Lakes 
Puget Sound Protection and Restoration: 
Tribal Implementation Assistance 
Program 
Puget Sound Watershed Management 
Assistance 
Regional Wetland Program Development 
Grants 
Southeastern U.S. Regional Targeted 
Watershed Initiative 
State Public Water System Supervision 

State Underground Water Source 
Protection 
Targeted Watersheds Grants 

Water Conservation Field Services 
Program (WCFSP) 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

812  YES 

812  YES 

812  YES 

812  YES 

812  YES 

812  YES 

812 

812 

812 

812 

812 

812 

812  YES  

812 

812 

812 

812  YES 

812 

812  YES 

812  YES 

812  YES 

812  YES 

812  YES 

812  YES 

812  YES 

812 

812 

812 

812 

185 

 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
Water Pollution Control State, Interstate, 
and Tribal Program Support 
Water Protection Grants to the States 

Water Quality Cooperative Agreements 

Water Quality Management Planning 

WaterSMART (Sustaining and Manage 
America's Resources for Tomorrow) 
Water Reclamation and Reuse Program 

San Luis Unit, Central Valley Project 

Clean Vessel Act Program 

OSM/VISTA AmeriCorps Program 

UMATILLA BASIN PROJECT 

Rocky Boy's/North Central Montana 
Regional Water System 
WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT ACT 

Brownfields Assessment and Cleanup 
Cooperative Agreements 
REMEDIAL ACTION AND WASTE 
TECHNOLOGY 
DISPOSAL MOUNDS 

Nuclear Waste Disposal Siting 

Superfund State, Political Subdivision, 
and Indian Tribe Site-Specific 
Cooperative Agreements 
Transport of Transuranic Wastes to the 
Waste Isolation Pilot Plant: States and 
Tribal Concerns, Proposed Solutions 
Compliance Assistance Support for 
Services to the Regulated Community 
and Other Assistance Providers 
Federal Loan Guarantees for Innovative 
Energy Technologies 
Puget Sound Action Agenda Outreach, 
Education and Stewardship Support 
Program 
Puget Sound Action Agenda: Technical 
Investigations and Implementation 
Assistance Program 
Region 3 Environmental Priority Projects 

Water and Waste Disposal Systems for 
Rural Communities 
Water and Waste Disposal Systems for 
Rural Communities - ARRA 
Abandoned Mine Land Reclamation 
(AMLR) Program 
Disaster Relief Appropriations Act 
(DRAA) Hurricane Sandy Leaking 
Underground Storage Tank Trust Fund 
Corrective Action Program 
Congressionally Mandated Projects 

Conservation Reserve Program 

Conservation Security Program 

Conservation Stewardship Program 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

812 

812 

812 

812 

812 

812 

812  YES 

812 

812  YES 

812  YES 

812  YES 

812 

813 

813 

814 

814 

814 

81 

814 

81 

815 

81 

81 

815 

815  YES 

81 

815  YES 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

815  YES 

815 

815 

815 

815  YES 

815 

815 

815 

815 

186 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
Environmental Protection Consolidated 
Grants for the Insular Areas - Program 
Support 
Environmental Quality and Protection 
Resource Management 
International Financial Assistance 
Projects Sponsored by the Office of 
International and Tribal Affairs 
Leaking Underground Storage Tank Trust 
Fund Corrective Action Program 
MITIGATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL 
IMPACTS TO INDIAN LANDS DUE TO 
DEPT OF DEFENSE 
Natural Resource Damage Assessment, 
Restoration and Implementation 
Performance Partnership Grants 

Pollution Prevention Grants Program 

Rangeland Resource Management 

RANGELAND RESOURCES 

Solid Waste Management Assistance 
Grants 
Solid Waste Management Grants 

Source Reduction Assistance 

Southeastern Multi-Media and 
Geographic Priority Projects 
Water and Waste Disposal Loans and 
Grants (Section 306C) 
SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION 

Environmental Monitoring/Cleanup, 
Cultural and Resource Mgmt., 
Emergency Response Research, 
Outreach, Technical Analysis 
SOIL, WATER, AND AIR RESOURCES 

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 
CONSOLIDATED GRANTS-PROGRAM 
SUPPORT 
Carbon Capture and Storage-FutureGen 
2.0 
Expand and Extend Clean Coal Power 
Initiative 
Industrial Carbon Capture and Storage 
(CCS) Application 
Climate Showcase Communities Grant 
Program 
Cooperative Landscape Conservation 

INTERGOVERNMENTAL CLIMATE-
PROGRAM 
Multi-Media Capacity Building Grants for 
States and Tribes 
National Climate Change and Wildlife 
Science Center 
Natural Resource Stewardship 

Good Neighbor Authority 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

81 

815  YES 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

81 

82 

82 

82 

82 

82 

82 

82 

82 

82 

83 

815 

815 

815 

815 

815 

815 

815 

815 

815 

815 

815 

815 

815  YES 

815 

815 

815 

815 

815 

820 

820 

820 

820 

820 

820 

820 

820  YES 

820 

830 

187 

 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NOAA Programs for Disaster Relief 
Appropriations Act - Non-construction 
and Construction 
San Gabriel Basin Restoration Project 

Great Lakes Program 

Great Lakes Restoration 

Highlands Conservation Program 

Lake Pontchartrain Basin Restoration 
Program (PRP) 
Lake Tahoe Erosion Control Grant 
Program 
Long Island Sound Program 

Lower Colorado River Multi-Species 
Conservation Program. 
Lower Snake River Compensation Plan 

Upper Colorado River Basin Fish and 
Wildlife Mitigation Program. 
Upper Mississippi River System Long 
Term Resource Monitoring Program 
Yakima River Basin Water Enhancement 
Project (YRBWEP) 
Central Valley Project Improvement 
(CVPI) Anadromous Fish Restoration 
Program (AFRP) 
Central Valley Project Improvement Act, 
Title XXXIV 
Chesapeake Bay Program 

Coastal Wetlands Planning Protection 
and Restoration Act 
Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection 
and Restoration Act 
Collaborative Forest Restoration 

Lake Champlain Basin Program 

Upper Colorado and San Juan River 
Basins Endangered Fish Recovery 
Programs 
Region 9 Multi-Media and Geographic 
Priority Projects 
Beach Erosion Control Projects 

Beach Monitoring and Notification 
Program Implementation Grants 
Central Valley Project, Trinity River 
Division, Trinity River Fish and Wildlife 
Management 
Coastal Impact Assistance Program 

Coastal Impact Assistance Program 
(CIAP) 
Coastal Services Center 

Community Forest and Open Space 
Conservation Program (CFP) 
Conservation Grants Private Stewardship 
for Imperiled Species 
Cooperative Endangered Species 
Conservation Fund 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

83 

830  YES 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

830  YES 

830  YES 

830  YES 

830  YES 

830  YES 

830  YES 

830  YES 

830  YES 

830  YES 

830  YES 

830  YES 

830  YES 

830  YES 

830  YES 

830  YES 

830  YES 

830  YES 

830  YES 

830  YES 

830  YES 

830  YES 

830 

830 

830  YES 

830  YES 

830  YES 

830 

830 

830 

830 

188 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cooperative Forestry Assistance 

Coral Reef Conservation Program 

Direct Implementation Tribal Cooperative 
Agreements 
Endangered Species - Candidate 
Conservation Action Funds 
ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT 

Endangered Species Conservation ├é┬┐ 
Recovery Implementation Funds 
Endangered Species Conservation-Wolf 
Livestock Loss Compensation and 
Prevention 
Endangered Species on Indian Lands 

Environmental Education Grants 

Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act 

Fish and Wildlife Coordination and 
Assistance Programs 
FISH AND WILDLIFE ENHANCEMENT 

Fish and Wildlife Management Assistance 

FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT 
ASSISTANCE 
Fish, Wildlife and Plant Conservation 
Resource Management 
Forest Health Protection 

Forestry on Indian Lands 

Grassland Reserve Program 

Habitat Conservation 

Healthy Forests Reserve Program (HFRP) 

Landowner Incentive Program 

Migratory Bird Conservation 

Migratory Bird Joint Ventures 

Migratory Bird Monitoring, Assessment 
and Conservation 
Multistate Conservation Grant Program 

National Estuary Program 

National Fish and Wildlife Foundation 

National Forest Foundation 

National Park Service Conservation, 
Protection, Outreach, and Education 
NATIONAL PRESERVATION CONFERENCE 

National Wildlife Refuge Fund 

Pacific Coast Salmon Recovery_Pacific 
Salmon Treaty Program 
Partners for Fish and Wildlife 

PROTECTION OF TIMBER 

Recovery Act Funds - Habitat 
Enhancement, Restoration and 
Improvement. 
Redwood National Park Cooperative 
Management with the State of California 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830  YES 

830 

830 

830 

830  YES 

830 

830 

830  YES 

830 

830 

830  YES 

830 

830 

830 

83 

830  YES 

189 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service Training and Technical 
Assistance (Generic Training) 
SPORT FISH RESTORATION 

Sport Fish Restoration Program 

State Wildlife Grants 

Tribal Wildlife Grants Program 

Undesirable/Noxious Plant Species 

Urban and Community Forestry Program 

Wetlands Reserve Program 

Wild Horse and Burro Resource 
Management 
WILDLIFE CONSERVATION AND 
APPRECIATION 
Wildlife Conservation and Restoration 

Wildlife Habitat Incentive Program 

WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT (OTHER THAN 
SIKES ACT) 
Wildlife Restoration and Basic Hunter 
Education 
Forest Land Enhancement Program 

Visitor Facility Enhancements - Refuges 
and Wildlife 
Hurricane Sandy Disaster Relief ├é┬┐ 
Coastal Resiliency Grants. 
National Wetland Program Development 
Grants and Five-Star Restoration 
Training Grant 
WILD HORSE AND BURROS 

Lower Rio Grande Valley Water 
Resources Conservation and 
Improvement 
AMERICAN RIVER WATERSHED 

ENDANGERED SPECIES CONSERVATION 

NATIONAL FISH AND WILDLIFE 
FOUNDATION, P.L. 103-232 
Chesapeake Bay Watershed Program 

Yukon River Salmon Research and 
Management Assistance 
Environmental Education and 
Conservation - North Cascades Bioregion 
Competitive Training Grant 

Chemical Stockpile Emergency 
Preparedness Program 
CHEMICAL STOCKPILE EMERGENCY 
PROTECTION PROGRAM 
Community Action for a Renewed 
Environment (CARE) Program 
Cooperating Technical Partners 

Earthquake Consortium 

Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program 

Emergency Watershed Protection 
Program 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

83 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830 

830  YES 

830 

830 

830  YES 

830  YES 

830 

830 

830  YES 

830  YES 

830  YES 

840 

840 

840 

840 

840 

840 

840 

840 

190 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Flood Mitigation Assistance 

FLOOD MITIGATION ASSISTANCE 

Hazard Mitigation Grant 

HAZARD MITIGATION GRANT 

Hazardous Materials Training Program 

Hazardous Waste Management Grant 
Program for Tribes 
Hazardous Waste Management State 
Program Support 
Pre-Disaster Mitigation 

PRE-DISASTER MITIGATION 

PRE-DISASTER MITIGATION (PDM) 
COMPETITIVE GRANTS 
PRE-DISASTER MITIGATION (PDM) 
COMPETITIVE GRANTS 
Reclamation States Emergency Drought 
Relief 
Recovery Act of 2009: Wildland Fire 
Management 
Regional Catastrophic Preparedness 
Grant Program (RCPGP) 
Repetitive Flood Claims 

REPETITIVE FLOOD CLAIMS 

Safety of Dams on Indian Lands 

SEVERE LOSS REPETITIVE PROGRAM 

Severe Repetitive Loss Program 

SEVERE REPETITIVE LOSS PROGRAM 

Southwest Forest Health and Wildfire 
Prevention 
Toxic Substances Compliance Monitoring 
Cooperative Agreements 
Underground Storage Tank Prevention, 
Detection and Compliance Program 
Watershed Protection and Flood 
Prevention 
Watershed Rehabilitation Program 

Watershed Restoration and 
Enhancement Agreement Authority 
Watershed Surveys and Planning 

National Fire Plan - Wildland Urban 
Interface Community Fire Assistance 
Automated Flood Warning Systems 
(AFWS) 
PRE-DISASTER MITIGATION (PDM) 

SECURITY OF DAMS, FACILITIES 

National Dam Safety Program 

Abandoned Mine Hazard Mitigation 

National Trails System Projects 

Recreational Trails Program 

OPERATE, DEVELOP AND MAINTENANCE 
OF THE APPALACHIAN TRL 
RIVERS AND TRAILS 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

8 

9 

9 

9 

9 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

84 

91 

91 

91 

91 

840 

840 

840 

840 

840 

840 

840 

840 

840 

840 

840 

840  YES  

840 

840 

840 

840 

840  YES  

840 

840 

840 

840 

840 

840 

840 

840 

840 

840 

840 

840 

840 

840 

840 

840 

910 

910 

910  YES 

910 

191 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rivers, Trails and Conservation 
Assistance 
Resource Conservation and Development 

Challenge Cost Share 

SOUTHERN NEVADA PUBLIC LAND 
MANAGEMENT ACT 
Chesapeake Bay Gateways Network 

Boston Harbor Islands Partnership 

Cultural Resources Management 

Cultural Resource Management 

American Battlefield Protection 

AMERICAN BATTLEFIELD PROTECTION 
PROGRAM 
HISTORIC PRESERVATION (FOR NPS-
OWNED PROPERTY) 
HISTORIC SITES FOR PROPERTY NOT 
NEC ON NPS LAND 
Civil War Battlefield Land Acquisition 
Grants 
Historic Preservation Fund Grants to 
Provide Disaster Relief to Historic 
Properties Damaged by Hurricane Sandy 
Preservation of Japanese American 
Confinement Sites 
Keweenaw National Historical Park (NHP) 
and Keweenaw NHP Advisory 
Commission Partner Enhancement 
Grants 
Shenandoah Valley Battlefields National 
Historic District Battlefield Acquisition 
and Protection 
Boston African-American National 
Historic Site Cooperative Agreement with 
the Museum of African American History 
Conservation Project Support 

GRANTS TO INDIAN TRIBES, ALASKA 
NATIVES, & NATIVE HAWAIIAN 
ORGANIZATIONS 
Museum Assessment Program 

Museum Grants for African American 
History and Culture 
Museums for America 

National Heritage Area Federal Financial 
Assistance 
National Historical Publications and 
Records Grants 
National Leadership Grants 

Native American and Native Hawaiian 
Library Services 
Native American Graves Protection and 
Repatriation Act 
Native American/Native Hawaiian 
Museum Services Program 
Promotion of the 
Humanities_Federal/State Partnership 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

9 

91 

91 

91 

91 

91 

91 

92 

92 

92 

92 

92 

92 

92 

92 

92 

92 

910 

910 

910 

910  YES 

910  YES 

910  YES 

920 

920 

920  YES 

920  YES 

920 

920 

920  YES 

920  YES 

920  YES 

920  YES 

92 

920  YES 

92 

920  YES 

92 

92 

92 

92 

92 

92 

92 

92 

92 

92 

92 

92 

920 

920 

920 

920 

920 

920 

920 

920 

920 

920 

920 

920 

192 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Promotion of the Humanities_Public 
Programs 
Save America's Treasures 

Preservation of Historic Structures on the 
Campuses of Historically Black Colleges 
and Universities (HBCUs). 
Hurricane Sandy Community 
Development Block Grant Disaster 
Recovery Grants (CDBG-DR) 
Community Services Block 
Grant_Discretionary Awards 
Disaster Grants - Public Assistance 
(Presidentially Declared Disasters) 
DISASTER GRANTS - PUBLIC 
ASSISTANCE (PRESIDENTIALLY 
DECLARED DISASTERS) 
HISTORICALLY BLACK COLLEGES & 
UNIVERSITIES PRESERVATION 
INITATIVE 
*HISTORICALLY BLACK COLLEGES AND 
UNIVERSITIES PROGRAM (1991B) 
Choice Neighborhoods Implementation 
Grants 
COMMUNITY BASE REUSE PLANS 

Community Development Block Grant 
ARRA Entitlement Grants (CDBG-
R)(Recovery Act Funded) 
Community Development Block 
Grants/Entitlement Grants 
Community Development Block 
Grants/Entitlement Grants 
COMMUNITY OUTREACH PARTNERSHIP 
CENTER PROGRAM 
Economic Development Initiative-Special 
Project, Neighborhood Initiative and 
Miscellaneous Grants 
State and Tribal Response Program 
Grants 
URBAN PARK AND RECREATION 
RECOVERY PROGRAM 
Community Development Block 
Grants/Brownfields Economic 
Development Initiative 
Neighborhood Stabilization Program 
(Recovery Act Funded) 
Capital Magnet Fund 

Sustainable Communities Regional 
Planning Grant Program 
Affordable Housing Development in Main 
Street Rejuvenation Projects 
Rural Innovation Fund 

National Forest_Dependent Rural 
Communities 
Investments for Public Works and 
Economic Development Facilities 

9 

9 

9 

92 

92 

92 

920 

920 

920 

10 

101 

1010  YES 

10 

10 

10 

101 

1010 

101 

1010 

101 

1010 

10 

101 

1010  YES 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

101 

1010  YES 

101 

1010 

101 

101 

1010 

1010 

101 

1010 

101 

1010 

101 

1010 

101 

1010 

101 

1010 

101 

1010 

101 

1010 

101 

1010 

101 

101 

1010 

1010 

101 

1010 

101 

102 

1010 

1020 

102 

1020 

193 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Renewal Community and Empowerment 
Zone Programs 
Economic, Social, and Political 
Development of the Territories 
Denali Commission Program 

Alaska Native/Native Hawaiian 
Institutions Assisting Communities 
Appalachian Area Development 

Appalachian Development Highway 
System 
Delta Area Economic Development 

Bank Enterprise Award Program 

Community Development Block 
Grants/Special Purpose Grants/Insular 
Areas 
Community Development Block 
Grants/Special Purpose Grants/Insular 
Areas ├é┬┐ (Recovery Act Funded) 
Community Development Block 
Grants/State's program and Non-
Entitlement Grants in Hawaii 
Community Development Block 
Grants/State's program and Non-
Entitlement Grants in Hawaii ├é┬┐ 
(Recovery Act Funded) 
Community Economic Adjustment 

Community Economic Adjustment 
Assistance for Establishment, Expansion, 
Realignment, or Closure of a Military 
Installation 
Economic Adjustment Assistance 

Economic Development_Support for 
Planning Organizations 
Empowerment Zones Program 

Indian Community Development Block 
Grant Program 
Indian Community Development Block 
Grant Program (Recovery Act Funded) 
Indian Economic Development 

Native American Programs 

Summer Intern and Year-Long 
OSM/VISTA Watershed Support 
Community Trade Adjustment Assistance 

Miscellaneous Public Law 93-638 
Contracts, Grants, and Cooperative 
Agreements 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

102 

1020 

102 

1020  YES 

102 

102 

102 

102 

102 

102 

102 

1020  YES 

1020 

1020  YES 

1020  YES 

1020  YES 

1020 

1020  YES 

10 

102 

1020  YES 

10 

102 

1020  YES 

10 

102 

1020  YES 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

10 

102 

102 

1020 

1020 

102 

102 

102 

102 

1020 

1020 

1020 

1020 

102 

1020 

102 

102 

102 

102 

102 

1020 

1020 

1020  YES 

1020 

1020 

Sources: CFDA, US Department of the Treasury, Authors’ calculation 

194 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2. ROBUSTNESS CHECK 

Once the ESTI database is finalised, an important step is to confirm its robustness. In 
order  to  do  so,  the  internal  cohesion  of  the  database  is  checked.  Also,  descriptive 
statistics for spatial and sectoral dimensions are compiled to spot potential errors.  

2.1. Internal consistency 

Tests are run using the finished database to locate discrepancies within it. The method 
is  based  on  sums  of  expenditures  by  spatial  level  and  typology  category.  Thus,  it  is 
possible  to  control  that  allocations  at  a  higher  territorial  level  or  a  greater  level  of 
category is the sum of its subparts.  

Using this method, the conclusion is that the database features a high level of internal 
consistency.  Indeed,  the  only  minor  errors  detected  by  this  checking  procedure  are 
smaller than the considered expenditures by several orders of magnitude. They can be 
attributed to rounding up precision.  

2.2 Spatial consistency 

Another step to ensure that the database is consistent is more qualitative. As a matter 
of fact, the spatial distribution found in the database must be compared to the original 
sources.  The  following  table  presents  synthetic  information  on  spatial  consistency  for 
the NUTS 2 level. 

195 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Appendix – Table 3. Spatial consistency at the EU NUTS 2 regions level.  

ESTI database  

Original EU database 

Largest yearly allocation 

EUR 1464 million 

EUR 1473  million 

Smallest yearly allocation 

EUR 0.6 million 

EUR 0.6 million 

Average yearly allocation 

EUR 156 million 

EUR 159 million 

Top 10 regions with largest 
allocations 

ES61  

PL12  

ITF3  

PT11  

PL22  

LT00  

ITG1  

HU10  

HU32  

HU33  

ES61  

PL12  

ITF3  

PT11  

PL22  

LT00  

ITG1  

HU10  

HU32  

HU33  

Source: DG Regio, Authors’ calculation 

According to this data, the database is robust for NUTS 2. The differences between the 
developed database and the original database probably stem from the exclusion of some 
EU  priorities,  such  as  technical  assistance.  The  spatial  distribution,  as  given  by  the 
regions receiving the largest allocation, is identical. Elements such as  GDP per capita 
and  population  can  explain  this  situation.  Moreover,  third  party  studies  about  spatial 
distribution of EU Cohesion Policy expenditures confirm the consistency of the developed 
database137. 

137 Bourdin, ‘Les Défis de La Future Politique Régionale Européenne 2014-2020 : On Prend Les Mêmes et on 

Recommence ?’ 

196 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
The  following  table  presents  synthetic  information  on  spatial  consistency  for  the  EU 
Member States level. 

Appendix – Table 4. Spatial consistency at the EU Member States level. 

ESTI database 

EU database   

Largest yearly allocation 

EUR 9847 million (PL)  

EUR 9598 million (PL) 

Smallest yearly allocation 

EUR 8 million (LU)  

EUR 7 million (LU) 

Average yearly allocation 

EUR 1954 million 

EUR 1769 million  

Top 10 Member States with 
largest allocations 

PL  

ES  

IT  

HU  

GR  

CZ  

DE  

PT  

RO  

FR  

PL  

ES  

IT  

CZ  

DE  

HU  

PT  

GR  

RO  

FR  

Sources: DG  Empl, DG Regio, European Commission138, Authors’ calculation 

This table proves that the data in the developed database is consistent from the spatial 
point of view. The differences between the two databases are small and can be explained 
by two  elements. First, some expenditures  of  EU Cohesion Policy are  excluded of the 
database,  notably  technical  assistance.  Also,  Territorial  Cooperation  allocations  are 
linked to their administrative NUTS 2 region in the developed database, while they are 
presented independently in the EU database.  

Spatial consistency is more difficult to assess for the US data. Indeed, no comparable 
study was  conducted in the past. Therefore,  ESTI  amounts in the US are not directly 
comparable to mainstream categories of expenditures. However, spatial concentration 
of  ESTI  can  be  compared  to  the  spatial  concentration  of  all  federal  grants  in  the  US 

138 European Commission, ‘2007-2013 Total Allocation by Member State’. 

197 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
during the 2007-2013 period, as a proxy for consistency. It allows the establishment of 
the table 5 of the Appendix.  

Appendix – Table 5. Spatial consistency at the US States level. 

ESTI database 

US 
database 

federal 

grants 

Top  10  States  with  largest 
allocations 

CA  

TX  

NY  

FL  

IL  

PA  

LA  

OH  

NJ  

GA  

CA  

NY  

TX  

PA  

FL  

IL  

OH  

MI  

NC  

MA  

Source: US Department of the Treasury, Authors’ calculation   

The  ranking  is  very  similar  between  the  original  US  federal  database  and  the  ESTI 
database. Variations can be explained by the focus on specific grants and the exclusion 
of  health  and  social  expenditures.  For  instance,  Louisiana  appears  as  one  of  the  top 
recipient State in the ESTI database because of its share of “Territorial Development” 
expenditures,  linked  to  the  situation  of  this  region.  Spatial  distribution  can  thus  be 
considered consistent.  

2.3 Sectoral consistency  

Finally, the robustness check of the database implies the comparison of amounts with 
sectoral data. In order to do so, ESTI allocations are compared to budgets allocated to 
relevant categories of the COFOG. This method would make appear aberrant values if 
present. Data is compiled in the following table. 

198 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Appendix  –  Table  6.  ESTI  allocations  by  category  as  shares  of 
comparable  COFOG  budgets  (all  government  levels)  during  the  2007-
2013 period.  

EU 

3.10% 

US 

22.7%  

1.81% 

0.99% 

30.2% 

1.83% 

ESTI 
for 
allocations 
“Transport” (category 2) as 
COFOG 
of 
share 
expenditures  allocated  to 
“Transportation” 
all 
government levels 

by 

ESTI allocations for “Human 
Capital”  (category  5)  as 
share 
COFOG 
of 
expenditures  allocated  to 
“Education” 
all 
government levels 

by 

for 
allocations 
ESTI 
“Natural  Resources  and 
Energy”  (category  7)  as 
share 
COFOG 
of 
expenditures  allocated  to 
“Energy” by all government 
levels 

Sources: DG Regio, DG Empl, Eurostat139, US Department of the Treasury, 
USgovernmentspending140, Authors’ calculation 

These  shares  are  consistent  with  available  information.  As  a  matter  of  fact, 
transportation and education are fields, which are mainly covered by Member States in 
the  EU.  On  the  contrary,  energy  expenditures  are  low  in  the  EU  under  the  COFOG 
framework141. It explains the high percentage for this category.  

For  the  US,  shares  are  low  because  of  its  institutional  model.  Transportation  is  the 
exception, notably because of federal allocations to develop the highway system.  

To sum up, these values do not seem to challenge the credibility of the database.  

Once the consistency checked, the consolidated database allows the analysis of the ESTI 
during the 2007-2013 period. 

139 Eurostat, ‘General Government Expenditure by Function (COFOG)’. 
140 USgovernmentspending, ‘US Federal State and Local Public Spending by COFOG Classification, 2007-2013’. 
141 The Quality of Public Expenditures in the EU. 

199 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                                                 
3. DATABASE PRESENTATION 

Appendix – Table 7. Average yearly allocations of Economic, Social and 
Territorial Investments in EU NUTS 2 regions by level-1 category in EUR 
million during the 2007-2013 period. 

EU 
NUTS 2 
Regions 
AT11 

Applied 
R&D and 
Innovation  
3.75 

AT12 

AT13 

AT21 

AT22 

AT31 

AT32 

AT33 

AT34 

BE10 

BE21 

BE22 

BE23 

BE24 

BE25 

BE31 

BE32 

BE33 

BE34 

BE35 

BG31 

BG32 

BG33 

BG34 

BG41 

BG42 

CY00 

CZ01 

CZ02 

CZ03 

CZ04 

CZ05 

CZ06 

CZ07 

CZ08 

DE11 

11.45 

2.80 

4.93 

10.54 

8.14 

0.98 

1.46 

0.58 

0.11 

1.92 

3.59 

1.26 

1.16 

2.83 

0.90 

15.89 

10.03 

1.46 

2.03 

2.38 

4.52 

5.08 

5.76 

20.07 

7.37 

7.57 

22.31 

108.20 

53.16 

22.34 

66.16 

153.46 

67.34 

58.42 

6.00 

Transport 

ICT 

Social 
Infrastructures 

Human Capital 

2.26 

4.36 

6.22 

1.65 

2.03 

1.58 

0.79 

3.22 

1.40 

0.93 

6.04 

2.59 

4.29 

0.73 

5.33 

0.38 

20.20 

11.04 

1.00 

1.01 

13.51 

20.01 

13.03 

12.98 

22.98 

20.15 

27.89 

35.69 

64.14 

68.36 

72.06 

87.28 

86.87 

64.43 

67.81 

0.32 

1.09 

0.04 

0.13 

0.12 

0.14 

0.47 

0.10 

0.21 

0.15 

0.07 

1.08 

2.30 

1.33 

0.73 

2.16 

0.24 

2.39 

0.37 

0.26 

0.29 

2.69 

2.49 

2.64 

2.50 

3.56 

2.66 

0.70 

0.94 

5.73 

2.69 

3.06 

5.42 

9.95 

4.99 

4.58 

0.43 

0.08 

0.22 

0.76 

- 

- 

0.12 

0.13 

0.13 

0.18 

0.42 

0.02 

0.22 

0.06 

- 

0.16 

- 

0.09 

0.39 

0.10 

- 

6.41 

6.07 

7.06 

5.77 

9.82 

8.74 

1.00 

5.34 

24.24 

23.70 

24.01 

22.56 

29.84 

29.16 

33.08 

- 

9.16 

5.02 

2.50 

5.14 

4.52 

3.14 

0.84 

2.02 

1.01 

5.28 

0.71 

0.80 

0.33 

0.08 

0.70 

- 

22.72 

7.98 

0.73 

2.19 

9.04 

13.71 

13.52 

42.01 

50.96 

53.84 

11.11 

66.23 

70.08 

103.91 

30.95 

28.88 

45.89 

55.61 

62.10 

0.01 

200 

 
 
 
 
DE12 

DE13 

DE14 

DE21 

DE22 

DE23 

DE24 

DE25 

DE26 

DE27 

DE30 

DE41 

DE42 

DE50 

DE60 

DE71 

DE72 

DE73 

DE80 

DE91 

DE92 

DE93 

DE94 

DEA1 

DEA2 

DEA3 

DEA4 

DEA5 

DEB1 

DEB2 

DEB3 

DEC0 

DED1 

DED2 

DED3 

DEE0 

DEF0 

DEG0 

DK01 

DK02 

DK03 

DK04 

DK05 

EE00 

3.45 

3.67 

3.14 

0.57 

1.20 

3.41 

5.10 

4.52 

2.74 

1.55 

51.29 

26.36 

37.48 

7.98 

2.06 

3.47 

3.15 

4.43 

42.50 

4.02 

5.40 

12.85 

6.85 

14.17 

32.14 

8.14 

3.69 

21.08 

2.60 

0.40 

4.42 

9.21 

40.98 

75.23 

31.58 

60.04 

19.51 

57.58 

6.02 

3.25 

6.71 

4.38 

4.84 

1.21 

1.76 

0.28 

4.93 

7.47 

9.36 

7.37 

1.23 

3.30 

2.34 

34.00 

20.48 

14.45 

5.60 

0.83 

1.20 

1.12 

5.79 

0.02 

0.20 

0.01 

0.16 

0.59 

1.49 

0.94 

- 

- 

0.47 

1.51 

9.93 

11.27 

1.71 

1.20 

0.71 

0.53 

0.76 

0.13 

0.38 

0.06 

0.31 

0.59 

0.09 

0.54 

0.11 

0.33 

0.93 

2.18 

3.10 

1.11 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

10.64 

15.29 

1.41 

3.87 

8.22 

22.02 

14.53 

13.70 

4.04 

8.42 

2.13 

15.48 

1.40 

0.84 

1.74 

12.71 

41.21 

28.73 

18.26 

44.61 

10.18 

32.98 

1.70 

0.89 

1.72 

0.89 

1.38 

3.17 

8.08 

3.85 

6.12 

4.66 

8.66 

2.19 

1.53 

4.23 

0.55 

0.46 

0.99 

0.07 

6.80 

4.82 

4.20 

3.32 

2.23 

1.08 

1.62 

0.86 

0.79 

1.69 

1.75 

- 

- 

4.98 

- 

0.19 

0.32 

0.07 

- 

- 

0.09 

0.15 

0.14 

1.67 

11.82 

15.71 

6.93 

13.54 

1.17 

6.75 

0.19 

0.23 

0.68 

0.14 

0.06 

1.89 

0.83 

0.09 

0.78 

8.44 

9.69 

2.15 

0.06 

1.28 

0.24 

24.17 

19.85 

23.72 

2.51 

- 

2.39 

2.32 

3.81 

42.47 

5.12 

3.00 

23.58 

8.32 

2.28 

11.16 

2.01 

2.37 

2.99 

3.00 

3.28 

5.60 

1.80 

36.26 

37.35 

27.64 

98.91 

16.24 

113.34 

1.38 

2.06 

1.23 

1.17 

1.16 

60.18 

52.58 

17.33 

82.31 

28.76 

201 

 
 
ES11 

ES12 

ES13 

ES21 

ES22 

ES23 

ES24 

ES30 

ES41 

ES42 

ES43 

ES51 

ES52 

ES53 

ES61 

ES62 

ES63 

ES64 

ES70 

FI13 

FI18 

FI19 

FI1A 

FI20 

FR10 

FR21 

FR22 

FR23 

FR24 

FR25 

FR26 

FR30 

FR41 

FR42 

FR43 

FR51 

FR52 

FR53 

FR61 

FR62 

FR63 

FR71 

FR72 

FR81 

125.07 

24.04 

7.43 

29.13 

8.18 

3.48 

16.29 

56.56 

55.65 

49.62 

35.93 

59.01 

77.80 

2.68 

322.64 

34.14 

0.50 

0.85 

18.51 

19.08 

7.17 

9.25 

21.37 

0.02 

10.17 

10.28 

14.26 

13.88 

14.58 

10.15 

6.49 

31.14 

15.29 

4.05 

8.57 

18.56 

12.01 

7.47 

21.54 

28.62 

4.36 

18.32 

10.32 

10.29 

50.42 

10.88 

3.98 

9.53 

2.11 

0.77 

4.59 

16.45 

29.25 

33.25 

46.86 

30.99 

49.30 

0.31 

186.66 

28.18 

5.62 

4.16 

12.10 

7.18 

6.51 

3.30 

7.84 

0.11 

3.35 

9.49 

9.93 

8.15 

7.13 

7.36 

9.93 

39.33 

12.28 

1.91 

9.10 

14.29 

11.12 

3.77 

17.44 

12.78 

4.83 

18.68 

9.41 

12.44 

26.75 

2.25 

- 

0.88 

0.48 

0.08 

6.33 

1.58 

14.02 

9.34 

3.59 

7.00 

31.60 

1.22 

18.24 

7.26 

0.98 

1.07 

9.02 

6.11 

1.83 

3.66 

5.29 

0.28 

0.42 

2.13 

3.03 

2.94 

2.11 

4.61 

2.19 

8.65 

1.02 

1.61 

2.45 

1.92 

7.59 

2.78 

7.48 

4.49 

0.87 

3.00 

5.22 

2.94 

7.30 

7.65 

- 

0.02 

0.01 

- 

0.05 

- 

0.25 

17.51 

36.77 

1.66 

- 

- 

82.55 

13.99 

0.65 

0.28 

17.44 

0.71 

0.56 

1.02 

0.18 

0.01 

3.19 

- 

0.28 

0.13 

0.16 

0.07 

0.01 

0.13 

4.04 

0.62 

0.13 

- 

0.44 

- 

0.09 

2.88 

0.31 

2.10 

0.58 

1.28 

108.09 

24.56 

0.15 

2.54 

0.30 

0.35 

0.58 

26.39 

59.72 

83.62 

84.95 

10.60 

127.39 

2.90 

197.53 

79.40 

2.32 

1.59 

52.20 

12.42 

3.22 

4.58 

9.45 

0.06 

0.82 

1.17 

2.69 

1.11 

- 

3.21 

1.66 

8.82 

5.19 

1.88 

0.72 

0.32 

0.46 

1.74 

1.35 

2.79 

4.41 

4.86 

1.09 

4.20 

202 

 
 
20.80 

6.88 

3.36 

5.32 

7.02 

9.01 

9.21 

12.72 

5.89 

13.33 

14.36 

7.37 

13.49 

27.92 

37.42 

113.99 

FR82 

FR83 

FR91 

FR92 

FR93 

FR94 

GR11 

GR12 

GR13 

GR14 

GR21 

GR22 

GR23 

GR24 

GR25 

GR30 

GR41 

GR42 

GR43 

HU10 

HU21 

HU22 

HU23 

HU31 

HU32 

HU33 

IE01 

IE02 

ITC1 

ITC2 

ITC3 

ITC4 

ITD1 

ITD2 

ITD3 

ITD4 

ITD5 

ITE1 

ITE2 

ITE3 

ITE4 

ITF1 

ITF2 

ITF3 

6.03 

9.01 

9.90 

7.62 

13.28 

7.05 

9.26 

83.54 

5.33 

4.62 

13.34 

22.40 

23.30 

13.35 

11.55 

21.37 

24.91 

46.53 

10.18 

13.99 

28.15 

0.75 

8.34 

15.32 

0.57 

1.03 

9.98 

4.93 

14.88 

19.19 

8.20 

6.33 

10.17 

3.37 

1.98 

3.59 

6.33 

1.78 

2.29 

1.97 

2.33 

31.65 

30.75 

5.52 

17.22 

22.01 

20.31 

27.48 

6.63 

38.70 

51.84 

6.84 

7.02 

36.10 

30.81 

17.88 

11.97 

11.75 

18.98 

18.45 

17.16 

3.66 

- 

1.02 

0.95 

4.90 

4.16 

1.14 

0.18 

8.22 

2.96 

1.42 

29.45 

29.62 

18.81 

18.09 

25.93 

16.05 

23.11 

187.71 

11.85 

6.81 

34.86 

229.62 

74.37 

83.43 

74.68 

121.97 

164.54 

108.64 

5.25 

2.98 

17.60 

3.92 

9.54 

6.57 

3.32 

0.58 

9.30 

5.82 

7.50 

16.10 

12.45 

6.36 

3.01 

2.98 

2.35 

16.31 

16.97 

7.85 

3.93 

1.08 

0.63 

0.28 

0.25 

0.88 

2.38 

6.26 

20.70 

18.65 

38.97 

14.34 

18.83 

10.83 

13.33 

24.99 

14.11 

10.99 

55.35 

9.12 

7.80 

20.03 

56.87 

49.29 

49.80 

59.21 

72.86 

79.48 

70.13 

- 

- 

- 

- 

0.24 

- 

0.05 

- 

0.10 

0.22 

0.02 

1.55 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2.12 

0.49 

13.26 

8.10 

9.52 

18.78 

16.88 

76.48 

11.22 

17.77 

15.09 

8.03 

91.31 

99.59 

14.12 

47.60 

5.61 

25.52 

14.55 

90.13 

125.84 

89.43 

52.14 

63.05 

157.87 

130.67 

3.63 

4.30 

5.96 

0.03 

1.46 

0.46 

0.45 

- 

0.93 

0.87 

3.03 

0.11 

0.09 

0.02 

0.49 

5.58 

1.61 

211.83 

279.36 

159.44 

75.54 

62.56 

203 

 
 
ITF4 

ITF5 

ITF6 

ITG1 

ITG2 

LT00 

LU00 

LV00 

MT00 

NL11 

NL12 

NL13 

NL21 

NL22 

NL23 

NL31 

NL32 

NL33 

NL34 

NL41 

NL42 

PL11 

PL12 

PL21 

PL22 

PL31 

PL32 

PL33 

PL34 

PL41 

PL42 

PL43 

PL51 

PL52 

PL61 

PL62 

PL63 

PT11 

PT15 

PT16 

PT17 

PT18 

PT20 

PT30 

160.53 

2.86 

82.60 

136.62 

49.03 

80.05 

1.89 

75.78 

10.42 

3.57 

2.21 

2.06 

3.64 

8.80 

1.55 

1.58 

5.99 

11.02 

1.08 

4.69 

5.02 

115.31 

261.54 

146.33 

135.31 

94.90 

107.20 

38.93 

52.88 

117.37 

57.75 

31.35 

86.53 

7.79 

155.73 

178.39 

33.44 

124.61 

1.82 

64.10 

26.01 

3.60 

3.26 

5.16 

2.34 

4.49 

1.59 

1.54 

3.60 

8.33 

2.05 

7.43 

5.13 

69.26 

241.70 

73.59 

109.34 

40.55 

36.24 

25.20 

20.78 

50.00 

55.66 

16.56 

55.51 

4.77 

44.56 

50.15 

10.04 

58.09 

0.04 

48.73 

1.50 

4.56 

0.72 

0.55 

1.67 

2.17 

0.46 

0.75 

1.49 

1.17 

0.27 

1.28 

1.18 

14.10 

72.50 

28.36 

37.53 

25.36 

17.59 

14.01 

16.13 

22.83 

8.36 

5.71 

132.78 

106.64 

16.90 

38.50 

62.01 

43.55 

88.67 

30.95 

48.98 

46.07 

87.93 

284.81 

126.77 

8.76 

229.61 

13.59 

90.82 

8.75 

3.23 

14.12 

89.54 

40.96 

58.40 

23.93 

38.24 

6.32 

7.71 

17.52 

15.70 

27.72 

1.98 

18.10 

23.59 

13.19 

5.06 

3.12 

62.17 

2.46 

43.38 

71.56 

3.37 

94.48 

0.23 

82.78 

14.62 

0.01 

0.05 

0.01 

0.25 

0.20 

0.46 

0.06 

0.15 

0.18 

0.11 

0.05 

0.19 

17.32 

39.89 

39.53 

31.98 

37.69 

36.20 

21.55 

21.36 

22.92 

13.45 

12.05 

36.34 

5.77 

18.68 

24.02 

14.11 

213.44 

3.18 

114.66 

8.53 

62.63 

42.35 

9.30 

55.47 

5.36 

40.63 

95.01 

3.19 

102.74 

0.31 

50.55 

0.84 

0.94 

0.07 

0.01 

0.40 

0.41 

0.33 

0.69 

0.82 

1.57 

0.23 

2.81 

0.69 

22.30 

100.47 

89.75 

29.97 

32.74 

47.37 

19.90 

13.39 

47.95 

18.55 

10.22 

70.68 

17.35 

30.58 

57.38 

62.21 

82.04 

5.90 

62.85 

3.81 

42.15 

36.48 

13.15 

204 

 
 
RO11 

RO12 

RO21 

RO22 

RO31 

RO32 

RO41 

RO42 

SE11 

SE12 

SE21 

SE22 

SE23 

SE31 

SE32 

SE33 

SI01 

SI02 

SK01 

SK02 

SK03 

SK04 

UKC1 

UKC2 

UKD1 

UKD2 

UKD3 

UKD4 

UKD5 

UKE1 

UKE2 

UKE3 

UKE4 

UKF1 

UKF2 

UKF3 

UKG1 

UKG2 

UKG3 

UKH1 

UKH2 

UKH3 

UKI1 

UKI2 

12.86 

10.24 

12.73 

2.56 

4.50 

78.34 

7.31 

9.20 

1.66 

4.23 

1.80 

4.62 

5.00 

8.99 

8.06 

18.84 

40.11 

47.58 

63.24 

29.44 

46.44 

32.45 

5.34 

2.73 

1.35 

1.98 

7.66 

2.95 

35.00 

26.72 

26.43 

50.22 

21.99 

43.33 

23.33 

19.20 

2.52 

1.06 

0.84 

2.58 

3.36 

1.81 

5.76 

4.76 

47.26 

20.82 

14.09 

48.12 

51.17 

63.93 

2.40 

6.49 

2.18 

0.95 

8.73 

5.14 

11.72 

26.69 

0.71 

6.47 

8.57 

2.59 

10.83 

5.25 

3.06 

8.51 

3.97 

15.37 

2.29 

2.17 

2.27 

6.62 

5.82 

5.34 

0.02 

8.24 

2.41 

1.83 

1.66 

0.64 

0.22 

3.32 

8.41 

1.01 

- 

0.63 

1.08 

1.30 

4.44 

1.06 

2.46 

0.70 

3.53 

18.86 

1.57 

0.61 

0.64 

3.84 

2.20 

2.20 

2.56 

10.55 

4.29 

4.93 

19.99 

17.34 

22.09 

19.40 

18.58 

15.39 

2.49 

2.03 

0.05 

0.05 

1.02 

0.97 

4.53 

7.09 

3.08 

12.26 

3.79 

6.00 

1.92 

1.62 

0.13 

0.02 

1.05 

0.58 

0.55 

0.55 

0.01 

0.01 

21.36 

13.82 

19.71 

28.41 

24.46 

16.51 

20.96 

17.23 

0.14 

0.20 

0.01 

0.14 

0.38 

0.34 

0.75 

0.15 

11.65 

8.10 

2.95 

55.39 

58.20 

62.26 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

0.06 

- 

- 

38.34 

155.82 

25.79 

16.31 

31.93 

28.98 

18.05 

80.63 

1.30 

2.24 

0.99 

2.32 

2.34 

2.35 

4.52 

1.95 

13.42 

4.91 

1.22 

127.11 

48.65 

21.71 

9.49 

13.82 

0.68 

1.55 

2.44 

1.67 

29.58 

0.77 

0.27 

19.73 

2.62 

1.62 

1.71 

0.61 

1.20 

2.15 

8.34 

1.64 

1.48 

1.52 

0.81 

0.81 

205 

 
 
UKJ1 

UKJ2 

UKJ3 

UKJ4 

UKK1 

UKK2 

UKK3 

UKK4 

UKL1 

UKL2 

UKM2 

UKM3 

UKM5 

UKM6 

UKN0 

Total 

EU NUTS 
2 
Regions 
AT11 

AT12 

AT13 

AT21 

AT22 

AT31 

AT32 

AT33 

AT34 

BE10 

BE21 

BE22 

BE23 

BE24 

BE25 

BE31 

BE32 

BE33 

BE34 

BE35 

BG31 

BG32 

0.50 

0.63 

0.78 

0.97 

4.78 

2.96 

20.34 

3.92 

48.07 

3.28 

11.08 

5.80 

0.89 

6.28 

0.08 

0.56 

0.69 

1.44 

0.02 

0.12 

1.36 

0.11 

39.32 

1.66 

3.44 

7.81 

2.27 

4.62 

0.04 

0.04 

0.04 

0.05 

0.15 

0.09 

10.64 

0.16 

24.62 

2.41 

2.17 

2.81 

0.84 

3.47 

- 

0.04 

- 

0.07 

- 

0.12 

4.50 

- 

2.61 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

21.61 

12.99 

20.46 

3.22 

- 

0.17 

0.08 

0.63 

2.13 

0.30 

16.61 

2.04 

- 

0.01 

8.86 

5.95 

0.01 

1.26 

2.72 

6,969.88 

6,736.94  2,108.80  3,004.27 

5,615.97 

Source: DG Regio, Authors’ calculation 

Enterprises 
Support 

Natural 
Resources 
and Energy 

Environment  

Touristic and Cultural 
Development  

0.29 

0.22 

0.82 

0.08 

0.13 

0.19 

0.06 

0.17 

0.03 

- 

0.33 

0.26 

0.12 

0.11 

0.13 

- 

0.07 

0.15 

0.01 

0.04 

0.23 

0.33 

0.11 

0.85 

2.06 

0.03 

0.01 

0.15 

0.04 

0.03 

0.06 

- 

0.93 

0.28 

0.10 

0.02 

0.11 

- 

5.61 

3.06 

0.94 

0.08 

18.04 

15.21 

0.06 

0.18 

0.43 

- 

0.00 

0.04 

0.02 

0.09 

0.02 

- 

0.11 

- 

0.00 

- 

0.75 

- 

1.31 

0.12 

0.00 

0.27 

0.56 

0.42 

0.32 

0.90 

1.16 

0.21 

0.79 

0.81 

0.13 

0.17 

0.23 

0.64 

0.73 

0.40 

0.45 

0.10 

0.47 

- 

0.14 

0.25 

0.05 

0.01 

22.80 

22.34 

206 

 
 
 
 
BG33 

BG34 

BG41 

BG42 

CY00 

CZ01 

CZ02 

CZ03 

CZ04 

CZ05 

CZ06 

CZ07 

CZ08 

DE11 

DE12 

DE13 

DE14 

DE21 

DE22 

DE23 

DE24 

DE25 

DE26 

DE27 

DE30 

DE41 

DE42 

DE50 

DE60 

DE71 

DE72 

DE73 

DE80 

DE91 

DE92 

DE93 

DE94 

DEA1 

DEA2 

DEA3 

DEA4 

DEA5 

DEB1 

DEB2 

0.28 

0.31 

1.37 

0.51 

2.74 

39.71 

5.97 

12.16 

5.51 

13.97 

17.20 

18.61 

12.26 

- 

0.11 

0.16 

0.00 

0.58 

0.15 

0.24 

0.23 

0.27 

- 

0.03 

0.02 

1.24 

0.87 

0.00 

- 

- 

- 

0.02 

0.18 

- 

0.07 

2.35 

0.17 

0.41 

0.66 

0.35 

0.44 

0.40 

- 

0.09 

17.92 

38.73 

122.99 

40.54 

13.70 

61.68 

81.02 

120.82 

127.11 

75.80 

84.81 

91.98 

90.86 

- 

0.20 

0.36 

0.02 

0.04 

0.46 

2.17 

0.64 

- 

- 

0.05 

2.05 

36.80 

12.98 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1.05 

86.98 

1.51 

0.42 

12.34 

0.58 

- 

0.10 

- 

- 

- 

0.05 

0.08 

0.10 

0.10 

0.14 

0.10 

3.96 

0.43 

8.01 

7.84 

1.46 

1.29 

1.43 

0.21 

2.68 

- 

0.06 

0.10 

0.01 

0.03 

0.06 

0.01 

0.00 

- 

- 

0.02 

- 

10.63 

0.97 

- 

0.15 

- 

- 

- 

6.29 

- 

0.32 

3.50 

2.60 

0.19 

0.25 

0.01 

- 

0.03 

- 

0.02 

15.89 

31.38 

40.77 

26.81 

0.07 

9.31 

31.06 

29.54 

19.59 

33.87 

48.24 

36.39 

26.38 

0.03 

0.13 

0.34 

0.15 

0.01 

0.09 

0.87 

2.10 

- 

- 

0.62 

8.35 

6.48 

2.28 

1.39 

0.40 

0.82 

0.23 

0.51 

3.78 

1.39 

0.79 

5.67 

1.08 

6.46 

8.20 

2.33 

2.06 

4.67 

0.02 

0.10 

207 

 
 
DEB3 

DEC0 

DED1 

DED2 

DED3 

DEE0 

DEF0 

DEG0 

DK01 

DK02 

DK03 

DK04 

DK05 

EE00 

ES11 

ES12 

ES13 

ES21 

ES22 

ES23 

ES24 

ES30 

ES41 

ES42 

ES43 

ES51 

ES52 

ES53 

ES61 

ES62 

ES63 

ES64 

ES70 

FI13 

FI18 

FI19 

FI1A 

FI20 

FR10 

FR21 

FR22 

FR23 

FR24 

FR25 

0.05 

0.16 

0.83 

2.21 

0.83 

0.40 

0.59 

4.10 

0.49 

0.25 

0.23 

0.21 

0.27 

18.25 

29.08 

13.85 

4.37 

1.88 

1.03 

1.94 

5.58 

11.05 

9.13 

13.38 

9.11 

6.04 

30.25 

6.10 

111.81 

12.97 

0.36 

0.39 

14.79 

2.85 

2.39 

0.65 

2.90 

0.05 

0.25 

0.57 

1.34 

2.97 

2.54 

0.37 

0.12 

3.50 

45.40 

34.09 

25.20 

32.24 

0.58 

27.15 

0.02 

0.04 

- 

- 

- 

65.62 

106.07 

15.36 

- 

0.16 

- 

- 

0.78 

- 

5.47 

49.63 

54.71 

12.62 

0.19 

0.22 

314.35 

10.10 

- 

1.28 

9.08 

2.04 

0.22 

1.45 

3.18 

- 

- 

1.46 

0.31 

0.05 

- 

- 

0.04 

0.01 

0.73 

1.20 

0.83 

4.31 

2.66 

- 

0.47 

0.39 

- 

0.30 

0.14 

14.51 

47.20 

7.62 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

6.47 

1.68 

2.73 

- 

12.26 

1.63 

76.01 

19.18 

3.14 

3.24 

53.80 

0.50 

0.86 

0.28 

0.15 

0.00 

- 

- 

0.45 

2.16 

- 

3.40 

0.21 

3.45 

5.36 

4.72 

2.93 

19.70 

0.68 

- 

- 

0.05 

- 

- 

- 

32.30 

16.13 

2.98 

2.84 

4.55 

0.48 

3.71 

2.73 

2.88 

48.44 

40.25 

32.65 

24.84 

32.22 

2.38 

111.57 

23.43 

2.80 

2.04 

5.44 

0.95 

1.36 

0.47 

0.92 

0.02 

2.74 

1.05 

4.43 

3.91 

1.77 

1.82 

208 

 
 
FR26 

FR30 

FR41 

FR42 

FR43 

FR51 

FR52 

FR53 

FR61 

FR62 

FR63 

FR71 

FR72 

FR81 

FR82 

FR83 

FR91 

FR92 

FR93 

FR94 

GR11 

GR12 

GR13 

GR14 

GR21 

GR22 

GR23 

GR24 

GR25 

GR30 

GR41 

GR42 

GR43 

HU10 

HU21 

HU22 

HU23 

HU31 

HU32 

HU33 

IE01 

IE02 

ITC1 

ITC2 

2.43 

4.18 

1.68 

0.66 

0.51 

1.93 

13.20 

3.03 

2.71 

9.16 

1.14 

1.84 

2.55 

1.70 

2.69 

- 

1.17 

1.59 

0.21 

0.72 

20.24 

22.96 

4.12 

20.78 

12.01 

6.37 

22.70 

4.06 

13.28 

46.86 

1.76 

2.03 

16.32 

12.34 

3.12 

3.58 

2.84 

3.50 

4.29 

4.67 

5.49 

1.96 

1.13 

0.24 

1.08 

7.92 

4.75 

0.91 

1.49 

2.87 

0.00 

1.59 

2.49 

1.26 

0.46 

3.11 

0.01 

0.02 

1.88 

0.62 

0.83 

9.72 

0.08 

28.73 

43.22 

117.94 

44.49 

179.81 

61.67 

5.63 

238.55 

53.60 

121.78 

35.10 

12.73 

5.12 

50.21 

198.36 

77.18 

188.31 

49.01 

62.23 

201.91 

200.14 

9.14 

- 

0.30 

0.05 

2.35 

0.55 

0.05 

0.15 

- 

0.78 

0.95 

3.64 

0.74 

1.34 

0.05 

1.22 

0.14 

4.11 

0.08 

0.90 

3.99 

1.86 

5.80 

13.67 

11.20 

15.77 

1.49 

5.03 

0.70 

4.07 

21.34 

4.55 

16.86 

9.11 

6.11 

3.99 

8.74 

1.96 

1.60 

2.04 

2.17 

2.94 

3.00 

3.66 

- 

- 

0.52 

0.11 

0.92 

10.03 

4.48 

2.21 

1.42 

1.84 

2.99 

3.15 

4.24 

1.70 

0.79 

3.84 

0.93 

1.25 

3.74 

3.68 

6.65 

4.44 

4.26 

15.82 

34.46 

44.11 

27.63 

22.11 

15.08 

10.20 

30.48 

42.05 

41.68 

55.16 

8.33 

12.79 

20.39 

36.29 

19.98 

22.18 

34.42 

28.83 

27.35 

63.20 

4.02 

1.03 

13.42 

0.63 

209 

 
 
ITC3 

ITC4 

ITD1 

ITD2 

ITD3 

ITD4 

ITD5 

ITE1 

ITE2 

ITE3 

ITE4 

ITF1 

ITF2 

ITF3 

ITF4 

ITF5 

ITF6 

ITG1 

ITG2 

LT00 

LU00 

LV00 

MT00 

NL11 

NL12 

NL13 

NL21 

NL22 

NL23 

NL31 

NL32 

NL33 

NL34 

NL41 

NL42 

PL11 

PL12 

PL21 

PL22 

PL31 

PL32 

PL33 

PL34 

PL41 

0.38 

2.95 

0.21 

0.06 

2.09 

0.39 

2.32 

1.87 

0.05 

0.06 

7.09 

0.13 

- 

109.72 

72.07 

7.11 

39.67 

73.07 

5.30 

28.53 

0.03 

5.34 

2.45 

0.15 

0.14 

- 

0.10 

0.74 

- 

- 

0.15 

0.40 

0.17 

0.56 

0.33 

35.40 

137.50 

32.04 

67.81 

21.82 

28.22 

11.32 

13.41 

41.80 

0.46 

2.84 

0.11 

- 

2.81 

0.49 

0.07 

1.17 

0.04 

1.60 

0.00 

- 

- 

25.06 

60.94 

9.33 

90.74 

80.65 

7.32 

132.00 

0.12 

102.06 

16.37 

- 

- 

- 

1.99 

2.18 

- 

0.29 

0.10 

- 

0.04 

0.26 

0.06 

237.41 

377.77 

138.24 

300.06 

173.80 

262.89 

102.63 

88.99 

168.10 

1.29 

0.01 

0.32 

0.32 

0.24 

0.02 

0.26 

0.71 

0.57 

0.51 

2.35 

0.26 

- 

66.49 

15.11 

0.07 

36.62 

36.22 

4.95 

22.25 

0.01 

34.65 

12.71 

0.03 

0.01 

0.02 

0.04 

0.25 

0.21 

- 

- 

0.14 

0.52 

0.32 

0.04 

7.92 

33.35 

14.45 

12.54 

16.63 

12.52 

1.15 

29.93 

14.45 

1.22 

3.17 

0.38 

0.89 

3.94 

1.80 

1.65 

1.42 

2.24 

1.85 

9.03 

1.46 

1.58 

36.81 

60.04 

4.47 

50.36 

46.90 

13.11 

94.38 

0.39 

119.49 

8.80 

0.25 

0.46 

1.03 

0.15 

0.60 

0.01 

0.15 

1.33 

2.68 

0.87 

0.57 

0.14 

18.80 

14.45 

25.44 

27.06 

16.06 

21.63 

13.88 

19.20 

36.33 

210 

 
 
PL42 

PL43 

PL51 

PL52 

PL61 

PL62 

PL63 

PT11 

PT15 

PT16 

PT17 

PT18 

PT20 

PT30 

RO11 

RO12 

RO21 

RO22 

RO31 

RO32 

RO41 

RO42 

SE11 

SE12 

SE21 

SE22 

SE23 

SE31 

SE32 

SE33 

SI01 

SI02 

SK01 

SK02 

SK03 

SK04 

UKC1 

UKC2 

UKD1 

UKD2 

UKD3 

UKD4 

UKD5 

UKE1 

11.63 

9.98 

22.31 

16.38 

33.33 

18.10 

46.76 

10.37 

1.19 

12.69 

21.55 

5.81 

1.12 

0.45 

5.55 

7.14 

6.72 

5.02 

6.11 

169.32 

4.05 

5.02 

0.22 

0.20 

0.07 

1.13 

0.19 

1.48 

0.91 

0.34 

30.05 

12.85 

20.18 

34.35 

24.83 

30.35 

0.75 

4.35 

2.78 

2.71 

0.80 

2.71 

0.99 

0.24 

97.50 

89.02 

189.30 

23.31 

130.39 

170.99 

119.25 

61.16 

2.97 

22.95 

18.86 

9.82 

21.30 

6.31 

63.77 

84.16 

56.52 

101.38 

56.31 

22.86 

58.27 

181.44 

0.01 

1.59 

3.81 

0.64 

0.06 

3.85 

2.78 

3.10 

58.98 

19.85 

80.93 

71.30 

153.68 

103.02 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

0.28 

- 

72.22 

4.24 

34.90 

4.73 

9.87 

17.06 

77.74 

7.40 

0.29 

5.55 

- 

5.08 

21.75 

4.68 

2.61 

5.37 

10.91 

24.56 

9.51 

4.20 

5.97 

4.89 

0.12 

0.09 

0.36 

0.35 

0.53 

0.74 

0.08 

3.39 

2.25 

2.14 

0.05 

2.30 

1.27 

0.64 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

32.08 

13.85 

24.81 

7.10 

23.22 

14.62 

30.75 

15.57 

4.81 

28.57 

1.63 

65.27 

12.66 

3.83 

72.78 

22.66 

28.18 

45.78 

18.86 

3.46 

25.12 

50.76 

0.09 

0.12 

0.14 

0.24 

0.00 

0.42 

0.41 

0.33 

44.07 

19.37 

0.45 

29.81 

23.37 

26.93 

- 

2.51 

0.53 

3.16 

0.93 

- 

0.54 

- 

211 

 
 
UKE2 

UKE3 

UKE4 

UKF1 

UKF2 

UKF3 

UKG1 

UKG2 

UKG3 

UKH1 

UKH2 

UKH3 

UKI1 

UKI2 

UKJ1 

UKJ2 

UKJ3 

UKJ4 

UKK1 

UKK2 

UKK3 

UKK4 

UKL1 

UKL2 

UKM2 

UKM3 

UKM5 

UKM6 

UKN0 

Total 

0.00 

0.46 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.09 

0.28 

0.09 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

0.00 

- 

- 

- 

0.11 

0.31 

0.28 

1.68 

0.40 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2.56 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

0.00 

- 

0.00 

1.86 

0.00 

20.30 

33.38 

1.75 

0.15 

0.47 

0.46 

0.72 

0.32 

- 

0.75 

1.49 

- 

0.69 

4.10 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

0.15 

- 

- 

- 

0.04 

0.18 

0.37 

- 

- 

4.18 

- 

- 

- 

0.05 

- 

- 

0.24 

- 

- 

1.24 

- 

- 

- 

- 

0.11 

1.04 

0.11 

0.83 

0.82 

0.82 

6.25 

1.56 

0.12 

0.33 

0.18 

0.31 

- 

- 

3.01 

- 

10.36 

0.88 

0.14 

0.68 

- 

0.55 

2.27 

2,135.97 

8,549.17 

1,228.55 

3,007.01 

Source: DG Regio, Authors’ calculation 

EU NUTS 2 Regions 

Territorial Development 

Total 

AT11 

AT12 

AT13 

AT21 

AT22 

AT31 

AT32 

AT33 

AT34 

BE10 

                              0.04    

            17.16    

                              0.06    

            23.31    

                              0.28    

            17.16    

                              0.02    

            12.18    

                                  -      

            18.16    

                              0.02    

            14.67    

                              0.04    

              3.12    

                              0.08    

              7.56    

                              0.03    

              3.68    

                                  -      

              7.45    

212 

 
 
 
 
BE21 

BE22 

BE23 

BE24 

BE25 

BE31 

BE32 

BE33 

BE34 

BE35 

BG31 

BG32 

BG33 

BG34 

BG41 

BG42 

CY00 

CZ01 

CZ02 

CZ03 

CZ04 

CZ05 

CZ06 

CZ07 

CZ08 

DE11 

DE12 

DE13 

DE14 

DE21 

DE22 

DE23 

DE24 

DE25 

DE26 

DE27 

DE30 

DE41 

DE42 

DE50 

DE60 

DE71 

DE72 

DE73 

                              0.26    

            12.14    

                              0.13    

            10.57    

                              0.14    

              8.07    

                                  -      

              2.94    

                              0.16    

            12.80    

                                  -      

              1.51    

                              0.03    

            68.48    

                              0.09    

            33.48    

                              0.07    

              4.63    

                              0.09    

              5.99    

                            14.38    

            90.05    

                            13.42    

            98.53    

                              8.17    

            83.68    

                            23.99    

          163.52    

                            25.47    

          298.14    

                            14.58    

          175.29    

                            15.33    

            84.07    

                              0.90    

          242.54    

                            47.50    

          445.97    

                            22.39    

          444.57    

                            19.88    

          325.98    

                            48.76    

          383.99    

                            63.84    

          541.53    

                            44.99    

          413.71    

                            57.56    

          415.73    

                              0.30    

              7.09    

                              0.34    

              7.53    

                              0.61    

              8.42    

                              0.63    

              4.38    

                              0.03    

              7.44    

                              0.01    

            19.06    

                              0.00    

            27.33    

                              0.02    

            19.10    

                                  -      

              6.20    

                                  -      

              7.65    

                              0.03    

              6.29    

                              0.74    

          124.31    

                              4.18    

          139.06    

                              1.55    

          106.69    

                                  -      

            19.20    

                                  -      

              4.64    

                                  -      

              8.60    

                                  -      

              7.35    

                                  -      

            16.37    

213 

 
 
DE80 

DE91 

DE92 

DE93 

DE94 

DEA1 

DEA2 

DEA3 

DEA4 

DEA5 

DEB1 

DEB2 

DEB3 

DEC0 

DED1 

DED2 

DED3 

DEE0 

DEF0 

DEG0 

DK01 

DK02 

DK03 

DK04 

DK05 

EE00 

ES11 

ES12 

ES13 

ES21 

ES22 

ES23 

ES24 

ES30 

ES41 

ES42 

ES43 

ES51 

ES52 

ES53 

ES61 

ES62 

ES63 

ES64 

                              3.42    

          212.97    

                              0.61    

            19.68    

                              0.98    

            27.26    

                              1.08    

            92.22    

                              1.20    

            41.45    

                                  -      

            42.06    

                                  -      

            65.55    

                              0.04    

            23.57    

                                  -      

            12.21    

                                  -      

            48.88    

                              0.29    

              8.00    

                              0.18    

              5.60    

                              0.12    

            13.42    

                              0.25    

            32.82    

                              0.91    

          190.28    

                              0.16    

          204.23    

                              0.01    

          118.40    

                              9.35    

          286.42    

                              0.02    

            53.85    

                            26.40    

          269.38    

                                  -      

            11.90    

                                  -      

              8.02    

                                  -      

            11.38    

                                  -      

              8.78    

                                  -      

              9.59    

                            48.26    

          420.10    

                            58.56    

          574.67    

                            45.76    

          154.96    

                              6.94    

            25.70    

                            11.26    

            59.94    

                              1.36    

            13.95    

                              0.02    

            10.35    

                              2.41    

            39.34    

                            17.47    

          132.37    

                            36.02    

          264.40    

                            14.60    

          312.89    

                            27.27    

          334.57    

                            11.05    

          163.82    

                            10.18    

          371.19    

                              1.10    

            18.53    

                            43.04    

       1,464.39    

                            23.10    

          251.77    

                              2.85    

            19.22    

                              4.29    

            19.20    

214 

 
 
ES70 

FI13 

FI18 

FI19 

FI1A 

FI20 

FR10 

FR21 

FR22 

FR23 

FR24 

FR25 

FR26 

FR30 

FR41 

FR42 

FR43 

FR51 

FR52 

FR53 

FR61 

FR62 

FR63 

FR71 

FR72 

FR81 

FR82 

FR83 

FR91 

FR92 

FR93 

FR94 

GR11 

GR12 

GR13 

GR14 

GR21 

GR22 

GR23 

GR24 

GR25 

GR30 

GR41 

GR42 

                              0.42    

          192.78    

                              1.08    

            52.91    

                              0.56    

            24.68    

                              0.22    

            24.89    

                              0.11    

            51.40    

                              0.01    

              0.57    

                              0.05    

            20.98    

                              0.26    

            26.41    

                              0.26    

            36.98    

                              0.29    

            35.60    

                                  -      

            28.29    

                              0.24    

            31.22    

                              0.08    

            27.13    

                              0.75    

          111.50    

                              0.63    

            49.40    

                              0.28    

            14.27    

                              0.21    

            24.61    

                                  -      

            42.51    

                              0.43    

            49.19    

                              0.85    

            28.01    

                              0.27    

            58.36    

                              0.46    

            65.47    

                              0.04    

            17.26    

                              0.24    

            57.22    

                              0.03    

            30.29    

                              1.01    

            39.25    

                              0.56    

            48.45    

                              0.42    

            25.47    

                              9.52    

            54.78    

                              2.24    

            52.30    

                              2.37    

            44.86    

                            16.11    

          139.37    

                            14.95    

          228.38    

                            43.47    

          541.87    

                            13.56    

          157.86    

                            22.59    

          342.77    

                            18.69    

          184.80    

                              6.66    

          100.28    

                            27.85    

          523.91    

                            24.15    

          271.84    

                            16.93    

          306.72    

                            54.44    

          626.69    

                              6.11    

            73.78    

                              8.39    

            84.09    

215 

 
 
GR43 

HU10 

HU21 

HU22 

HU23 

HU31 

HU32 

HU33 

IE01 

IE02 

ITC1 

ITC2 

ITC3 

ITC4 

ITD1 

ITD2 

ITD3 

ITD4 

ITD5 

ITE1 

ITE2 

ITE3 

ITE4 

ITF1 

ITF2 

ITF3 

ITF4 

ITF5 

ITF6 

ITG1 

ITG2 

LT00 

LU00 

LV00 

MT00 

NL11 

NL12 

NL13 

NL21 

NL22 

NL23 

NL31 

NL32 

NL33 

                            21.74    

          236.28    

                            61.11    

          739.89    

                            17.21    

          409.78    

                            16.52    

          480.61    

                            26.49    

          324.26    

                            21.96    

          417.68    

                            52.36    

          734.16    

                            72.07    

          716.87    

                                  -      

            41.38    

                              0.44    

            24.70    

                              0.23    

            68.34    

                              0.20    

              6.88    

                              0.14    

            27.97    

                                  -      

            35.47    

                              0.04    

              6.59    

                                  -      

              3.07    

                              0.03    

            37.62    

                              0.47    

            17.96    

                              0.02    

            31.17    

                              0.78    

            55.35    

                                  -      

            20.53    

                                  -      

            15.73    

                                  -      

            62.39    

                                  -      

            19.73    

                                  -      

              9.73    

                            55.09    

       1,081.89    

                            14.39    

          642.77    

                              1.18    

            45.40    

                            23.82    

          608.10    

                            10.42    

          779.00    

                              0.09    

          129.83    

                            79.98    

          817.11    

                              0.16    

              4.99    

                              0.18    

          583.67    

                            10.34    

          104.08    

                              0.01    

            13.12    

                              0.04    

              6.96    

                              0.00    

              8.85    

                              0.02    

            10.62    

                              0.01    

            19.86    

                              0.00    

              4.61    

                                  -      

              5.06    

                                  -      

            13.64    

                              0.28    

            25.76    

216 

 
 
NL34 

NL41 

NL42 

PL11 

PL12 

PL21 

PL22 

PL31 

PL32 

PL33 

PL34 

PL41 

PL42 

PL43 

PL51 

PL52 

PL61 

PL62 

PL63 

PT11 

PT15 

PT16 

PT17 

PT18 

PT20 

PT30 

RO11 

RO12 

RO21 

RO22 

RO31 

RO32 

RO41 

RO42 

SE11 

SE12 

SE21 

SE22 

SE23 

SE31 

SE32 

SE33 

SI01 

SI02 

                              0.09    

              5.43    

                              0.39    

            18.37    

                              0.04    

            12.83    

                            33.22    

          571.03    

                            93.66    

       1,372.83    

                            60.49    

          648.22    

                          107.13    

          858.74    

                            20.54    

          480.10    

                            16.63    

          586.49    

                            25.56    

          274.13    

                              7.35    

          283.43    

                            56.46    

          578.20    

                            23.72    

          390.92    

                            22.14    

          215.12    

                            34.76    

          669.41    

                            19.83    

          170.24    

                            13.13    

          377.90    

                            13.95    

          423.27    

                            29.43    

          572.55    

                            36.45    

          865.73    

                              5.60    

            48.80    

                            30.75    

          615.26    

                              8.28    

          140.80    

                            13.06    

          366.24    

                              1.77    

          175.18    

                              0.22    

            82.52    

                            19.55    

          276.27    

                            66.20    

          393.19    

                            78.69    

          268.15    

                            59.39    

          334.33    

                            71.73    

          248.91    

                            19.35    

          405.22    

                            53.86    

          218.49    

                            25.58    

          394.56    

                              0.02    

              6.71    

                              0.11    

            13.68    

                              0.24    

            10.46    

                              0.15    

            14.37    

                                  -      

            14.41    

                              0.01    

            30.56    

                              0.03    

            27.59    

                                  -      

            37.79    

                            32.55    

          300.34    

                            27.42    

          180.39    

217 

 
 
SK01 

SK02 

SK03 

SK04 

UKC1 

UKC2 

UKD1 

UKD2 

UKD3 

UKD4 

UKD5 

UKE1 

UKE2 

UKE3 

UKE4 

UKF1 

UKF2 

UKF3 

UKG1 

UKG2 

UKG3 

UKH1 

UKH2 

UKH3 

UKI1 

UKI2 

UKJ1 

UKJ2 

UKJ3 

UKJ4 

UKK1 

UKK2 

UKK3 

UKK4 

UKL1 

UKL2 

UKM2 

UKM3 

UKM5 

UKM6 

UKN0 

Total 

                            11.10    

          216.31    

                            57.35    

          474.55    

                            43.51    

          469.71    

                            41.63    

          398.30    

                                  -      

            20.47    

                                  -      

            31.93    

                                  -      

              7.57    

                                  -      

            10.39    

                                  -      

            21.58    

                                  -      

            13.44    

                                  -      

            74.33    

                              1.15    

            15.30    

                                  -      

              9.85    

                                  -      

            50.50    

                                  -      

            11.40    

                                  -      

            20.28    

                                  -      

            10.54    

                                  -      

              5.93    

                                  -      

            10.27    

                                  -      

            10.80    

                                  -      

            35.92    

                              0.00    

              6.36    

                                  -      

              5.02    

                                  -      

              6.00    

                              1.25    

            16.02    

                              0.47    

              9.97    

                                  -      

              0.74    

                              0.04    

              1.85    

                              0.07    

              2.02    

                              0.09    

              4.05    

                                  -      

              7.38    

                              0.09    

              3.95    

                                  -      

            64.18    

                              0.04    

              6.67    

                              8.24    

          186.91    

                              1.06    

            11.06    

                                  -      

            26.63    

                                  -      

            25.01    

                                  -      

              4.47    

                                  -      

            17.83    

                                  -      

            67.69    

                       2,922.97    

     42,279.54    

Source: DG Regio, Authors’ calculation 

218 

 
 
 
Appendix – Table 8. Average yearly allocations of Economic, Social and 
Territorial Investments in EU Member States by level-1 category in EUR 
million during the 2007-2013 period. 

EU 
Member 
States 
AT 

Applied 
R&D and 
Innovation  
44.6 

Transport 

ICT 

Social 
Infrastructures 

Human 
Capital 

BE 

BG 

CY 

CZ 

DE 

DK 

EE 

ES 

FI 

FR 

GR 

HU 

IE 

IT 

LT 

LU 

LV 

MT 

NL 

PL 

PT 

RO 

SE 

SI 

SK 

UK 

41.2 

45.2 

7.6 

551.4 

624.0 

25.2 

60.2 

927.5 

56.9 

322.9 

215.6 

163.4 

24.2 

776.6 

80.1 

1.9 

75.8 

10.4 

51.2 

38.8 

91.3 

130.0 

30.6 

693.7 

592.5 

24.0 

60.8 

613.5 

42.6 

523.7 

595.5 

931.2 

8.2 

2.5 

11.3 

16.5 

0.7 

37.4 

114.2 

6.7 

17.4 

1.6 

1.5 

43.9 

1.0 

191.9 

74.8 

1.3 

82.3 

141.7 

186.1 

17.2 

85.9 

302.1 

127.0 

3.7 

2.5 

47.2 

257.3 

437.6 

- 

1,052.5 

385.9 

260.7 

156.1 

2.1 

67.8 

29.1 

97.6 

58.1 

0.0 

48.7 

1.5 

16.3 

94.5 

0.2 

82.8 

14.6 

1.7 

392.8 

469.0 

162.5 

2.1 

19.7 

178.8 

10.6 

1,524.4 

1,332.8 

326.6 

641.0 

137.7 

53.2 

87.7 

173.9 

250.1 

450.1 

405.8 

47.7 

82.0 

202.5 

357.1 

96.3 

33.2 

31.2 

37.3 

75.5 

117.8 

61.9 

107.2 

259.8 

20.6 

771.2 

1,560.2 

14.0 

57.4 

1,275.1 

68.0 

476.2 

813.7 

1,068.8 

34.2 

846.9 

185.3 

2.5 

98.1 

12.7 

70.9 

1,523.0 

1,038.1 

675.8 

25.6 

81.6 

333.6 

399.5 

Total 

6,973.8 

8,659.5 

2,112.6 

3,019.2 

11,882.1 

Sources: DG Empl, DG Regio, European Commission, Authors’ calculation 

219 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EU 
Member 
States 
AT 

BE 

BG 

CY 

CZ 

DE 

DK 

EE 

ES 

FI 

FR 

GR 

HU 

IE 

IT 

LT 

LU 

LV 

MT 

NL 

PL 

PT 

RO 

SE 

SI 

SK 

UK 

Enterprises 
Support 

2.0 

6.3 

12.2 

2.7 

125.4 

34.4 

1.5 

19.6 

283.1 

17.4 

74.5 

194.5 

56.4 

7.4 

344.1 

29.9 

0.2 

5.3 

2.7 

5.6 

554.2 

53.6 

208.9 

4.5 

52.7 

129.8 

62.3 

Natural 
Resources 
and Energy 
3.3 

11.1 

253.4 

13.7 

734.1 

327.2 

0.1 

65.6 

580.0 

6.9 

71.6 

969.8 

977.2 

9.1 

284.0 

132.0 

0.1 

102.1 

16.4 

4.9 

2,669.7 

143.4 

624.7 

15.8 

78.8 

408.9 

45.1 

Environment 

29.4 

42.8 

30.7 

8.2 

23.3 

122.4 

11.9 

31.0 

854.5 

12.2 

183.6 

298.0 

59.8 

26.8 

348.6 

39.5 

0.8 

64.1 

12.9 

1.6 

606.1 

132.2 

136.1 

67.9 

21.4 

25.4 

160.4 

Touristic and 
Cultural 
Development 
4.7 

3.2 

160.0 

0.1 

234.4 

98.4 

0.0 

32.3 

362.4 

3.7 

94.1 

364.5 

232.2 

5.1 

256.4 

94.4 

0.4 

119.5 

8.8 

8.2 

339.3 

132.4 

267.6 

1.7 

63.4 

80.6 

39.3 

Total 

2,291.4 

8,549.2 

3,351.5 

3,007.0 

Sources: DG Empl, DG Regio, European Commission, Authors’ calculation 

220 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EU Member 
States 

Territorial Development 

AT 

BE 

BG 

CY 

CZ 

DE 

DK 

EE 

ES 

FI 

FR 

GR 

HU 

IE 

IT 

LT 

LU 

LV 

MT 

NL 

PL 

PT 

RO 

SE 

SI 

SK 

UK 

0.6 

1.0 

100.0 

15.3 

305.8 

53.5 

- 

48.3 

317.7 

2.0 

37.6 

279.5 

267.7 

0.4 

106.9 

80.0 

0.2 

0.2 

10.3 

0.9 

578.0 

96.1 

394.3 

0.6 

60.0 

153.6 

12.5 

Total 

2,923.0 

Total 

189.4 

316.7 

1,051.8 

100.5 

3,668.6 

3,601.5 

84.7 

474.9 

5,541.6 

229.3 

1,917.3 

4,290.5 

4,321.4 

119.2 

4,662.5 

949.8 

8.5 

664.4 

119.4 

258.9 

9,847.0 

3,252.2 

3,046.7 

250.4 

584.7 

1,762.6 

1,454.7 

52,769.2 

Sources: DG Empl, DG Regio, European Commission, Authors’ calculation 

221 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Appendix – Table 9. Average yearly allocations of Economic, Social and 
Territorial Investments in US States by level-1 category in USD million 
during the 2007-2013 period. 

US 
States 

AK 

AL 

AR 

AS 

AZ 

CA 

CO 

CT 

DC 

DE 

FL 

GA 

GU 

HI 

IA 

ID 

IL 

IN 

KS 

KY 

LA 

MA 

MD 

ME 

MI 

MN 

MO 

MP 

MS 

MT 

NC 

ND 

NE 

NH 

NJ 

NM 

NV 

Applied 
R&D and 
Innovation  
2.6 

3.4 

7.5 

0.2 

12.9 

68.6 

11.0 

1.9 

0.5 

0.5 

34.0 

5.2 

0.1 

1.2 

2.2 

2.2 

8.3 

2.8 

0.3 

16.9 

5.9 

10.4 

2.9 

0.8 

3.7 

5.8 

2.1 

0.1 

2.1 

0.8 

1.7 

1.5 

0.9 

1.1 

3.3 

2.0 

1.9 

Transport 

ICT 

Social 
Infrastructures 

Human 
Capital 

Enterprises 
Support 

810.0 

1,049.8 

732.7 

19.8 

1,149.2 

6,523.5 

1,186.6 

831.2 

786.6 

228.6 

2,888.9 

2,006.9 

53.8 

427.8 

626.6 

433.9 

0.8 

0.2 

133.3 

115.9 

14.9 

45.0 

- 

0.7 

26.3 

31.1 

13.5 

3.3 

0.3 

5.6 

2.1 

0.0 

0.3 

2.4 

0.7 

0.4 

51.3 

237.6 

71.4 

64.9 

35.6 

13.1 

163.8 

159.3 

1.8 

69.6 

44.0 

16.8 

2,576.6 

19.4 

255.0 

1,475.6 

0.0 

538.9 

991.2 

1,089.8 

1,270.0 

934.6 

271.8 

1,487.7 

1,001.3 

1,384.0 

12.3 

670.2 

566.5 

1,508.3 

398.1 

404.6 

246.6 

1,762.7 

533.9 

512.4 

- 

0.5 

12.8 

7.5 

16.5 

0.2 

0.8 

1.1 

0.7 

- 

10.2 

0.5 

3.3 

- 

0.5 

- 

6.4 

7.5 

0.4 

80.1 

53.1 

90.3 

93.5 

144.1 

84.9 

28.0 

155.3 

107.5 

95.6 

0.4 

50.2 

20.2 

156.5 

14.4 

29.4 

18.7 

150.7 

25.0 

30.5 

39.5 

142.8 

97.1 

5.6 

0.1 

0.1 

1.0 

- 

172.0 

0.5 

1,032.0  0.9 

109.1 

87.9 

39.5 

30.3 

482.4 

275.1 

7.4 

38.4 

85.7 

51.3 

364.3 

191.9 

77.3 

142.5 

131.2 

173.0 

133.1 

46.0 

367.1 

135.4 

183.1 

1.2 

130.0 

40.8 

284.8 

28.3 

46.6 

33.7 

211.3 

64.3 

73.5 

1.0 

0.1 

0.1 

0.1 

0.2 

0.5 

0.1 

0.3 

0.2 

0.2 

2.9 

1.9 

0.6 

0.2 

0.3 

0.2 

0.3 

0.4 

1.2 

0.9 

0.3 

0.1 

3.0 

0.5 

0.2 

0.2 

0.7 

0.3 

0.1 

0.1 

0.1 

222 

 
 
 
NY 

OH 

OK 

OR 

PA 

PR 

RI 

SC 

SD 

TN 

TX 

UM 

UT 

VA 

VI 

VT 

WA 

WI 

WV 

WY 

17.8 

8.9 

7.8 

4.4 

6.0 

0.5 

0.3 

2.8 

0.3 

2.6 

16.1 

- 

2.0 

6.9 

0.2 

1.9 

15.6 

3.8 

5.3 

0.3 

3,988.2 

1,890.9 

7.5 

0.3 

1,073.7 

11.1 

817.4 

2,498.2 

214.3 

289.0 

1,014.1 

405.2 

1,080.2 

4,428.9 

- 

676.0 

1,576.6 

26.3 

295.9 

1,610.8 

1,057.6 

634.8 

333.7 

2.2 

5.1 

- 

0.1 

2.3 

0.3 

0.1 

4.4 

- 

2.9 

1.6 

0.8 

4.8 

4.1 

3.7 

18.4 

0.2 

578.0 

211.1 

51.2 

44.5 

290.9 

170.6 

26.3 

52.5 

21.1 

124.0 

258.6 

- 

26.9 

110.7 

6.0 

13.8 

85.3 

97.8 

37.2 

12.9 

531.0 

361.3 

98.5 

113.3 

339.2 

179.0 

41.5 

160.5 

32.7 

176.2 

661.9 

- 

77.9 

173.3 

5.0 

33.4 

184.5 

152.0 

76.8 

22.1 

3.5 

7.3 

0.5 

0.3 

1.2 

0.3 

0.2 

0.1 

0.1 

0.3 

0.3 

- 

0.3 

1.8 

0.0 

0.4 

0.6 

0.2 

0.4 

0.0 

Total 

333.0 

63,304.8  260.1  5,126.7 

8,975.1  37.7 

Source: US Department of the Treasury, Authors’ calculation 

US 
States 

Natural 
Resources 
and Energy 

Environment  Touristic and 

Cultural 
Development 

Territorial 
Development 

Total 

AK 

AL 

AR 

AS 

AZ 

CA 

CO 

CT 

DC 

DE 

FL 

GA 

GU 

HI 

IA 

ID 

12.4 

27.0 

18.0 

3.1 

41.4 

150.1 

34.5 

12.9 

6.9 

10.1 

77.6 

40.5 

3.0 

10.7 

16.1 

12.2 

134.4 

127.4 

84.9 

12.2 

93.9 

512.3 

103.4 

79.6 

44.2 

47.4 

246.8 

143.8 

14.2 

53.1 

146.7 

86.8 

1.6 

0.8 

0.9 

- 

1.1 

4.9 

1.6 

1.9 

0.6 

0.4 

2.6 

2.1 

- 

0.7 

0.8 

1.4 

33.6 

132.1 

102.1 

32.7 

69.4 

653.7 

52.4 

49.1 

22.7 

13.0 

330.8 

140.0 

23.2 

25.2 

405.6 

18.7 

1,168.4 

1,599.4 

1,104.0 

74.0 

1,592.3 

9,210.1 

1,602.3 

1,143.0 

939.9 

343.8 

4,232.7 

2,775.6 

103.5 

627.2 

1,330.3 

624.2 

223 

 
 
 
 
 
IL 

IN 

KS 

KY 

LA 

MA 

MD 

ME 

MI 

MN 

MO 

MP 

MS 

MT 

NC 

ND 

NE 

NH 

NJ 

NM 

NV 

NY 

OH 

OK 

OR 

PA 

PR 

RI 

SC 

SD 

TN 

TX 

52.4 

36.4 

19.1 

22.8 

29.5 

31.6 

32.7 

19.7 

51.2 

27.3 

37.3 

4.0 

17.8 

8.8 

38.9 

9.6 

17.5 

14.5 

42.9 

15.7 

18.6 

89.8 

49.1 

21.0 

25.2 

61.2 

17.8 

10.2 

23.1 

9.8 

29.4 

119.5 

UM 

- 

UT 

VA 

VI 

VT 

WA 

WI 

WV 

WY 

16.0 

39.8 

3.1 

9.4 

35.3 

24.3 

13.5 

10.9 

239.7 

136.1 

88.3 

142.4 

338.1 

157.3 

114.8 

67.8 

228.8 

130.8 

173.9 

8.5 

132.4 

89.2 

159.3 

91.6 

64.2 

68.1 

184.1 

96.8 

56.4 

413.7 

242.5 

102.2 

114.5 

253.4 

56.6 

44.8 

86.2 

53.8 

116.5 

397.0 

- 

93.3 

130.6 

11.4 

52.0 

202.0 

157.0 

128.5 

117.9 

1.6 

1.4 

0.8 

1.0 

0.9 

1.0 

1.4 

0.8 

2.8 

2.0 

2.7 

- 

0.9 

1.1 

1.9 

0.9 

0.8 

0.5 

3.2 

1.1 

74.7 

1.7 

1.2 

1.5 

1.5 

1.7 

0.0 

1.0 

1.1 

1.0 

1.5 

1.7 

- 

1.6 

2.0 

- 

0.5 

1.8 

1.6 

0.8 

1.5 

253.1 

186.6 

100.7 

120.0 

1,668.7 

130.1 

86.0 

33.1 

161.2 

91.5 

176.0 

24.3 

163.5 

23.2 

111.3 

95.8 

55.7 

29.3 

448.1 

35.6 

30.4 

1,019.9 

217.9 

75.9 

54.6 

261.2 

98.4 

26.8 

48.6 

38.8 

131.3 

1,115.0 

- 

28.8 

99.0 

8.9 

18.0 

95.6 

112.0 

51.5 

8.5 

3,773.3 

2,112.9 

879.1 

1,527.8 

3,370.7 

1,925.4 

1,407.1 

468.5 

2,459.7 

1,503.5 

2,055.8 

51.0 

1,180.4 

751.5 

2,266.2 

640.3 

620.9 

412.8 

2,812.8 

782.0 

798.8 

6,651.1 

2,990.5 

1,443.2 

1,177.9 

3,718.1 

737.6 

440.1 

1,391.2 

563.0 

1,662.0 

7,003.3 

- 

925.6 

2,142.3 

61.8 

430.0 

2,235.6 

1,610.0 

967.0 

507.9 

Total  1,633.0 

7,473.1 

146.9 

9,639.0 

96,929.3 

Source: US Department of the Treasury, Authors’ calculation 

224 

 
 
 
Appendix  –  Table  10.  Yearly  allocations  of  Economic,  Social  and 
Territorial Investments in US States by level-1 category in USD million 
during the 2007-2013 period. 

US States and Level-1 
categories 
AK 

AK - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
AK - Transport 

2007 

2008 

2009 

2010 

1,097.33 

905.30 

1,262.84 

1,308.50 

5.83 

2.73 

4.34 

2.99 

750.94 

603.68 

678.22 

971.22 

AK - ICT 

- 

AK - Social Infrastructures  118.46 

AK - Human Capital 

AK - Enterprises Support 

AK - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
AK - Environment 

AK - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
AK - Territorial 
Development 
AL 

AL - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
AL - Transport 

- 

115.91 

34.27 

- 

2.91 

- 

218.76 

56.97 

- 

73.79 

5.35 

125.04 

38.43 

- 

5.21 

49.40 

0.05 

3.28 

158.05 

131.35 

169.17 

115.24 

2.16 

9.15 

2.52 

1.34 

1.35 

11.93 

60.25 

43.67 

1,269.20 

1,274.25 

2,223.93 

1,648.56 

5.54 

4.22 

9.13 

4.60 

929.24 

916.77 

1,132.57 

1,212.77 

AL - ICT 

0.07 

AL - Social Infrastructures 

7.92 

0.07 

81.88 

AL - Human Capital 

147.96 

128.41 

- 

362.77 

186.51 

- 

1.25 

78.99 

147.75 

- 

167.36 

13.37 

199.31 

0.16 

88.28 

0.57 

0.07 

0.74 

117.21 

0.02 

- 

0.57 

82.23 

0.18 

60.43 

59.93 

166.12 

100.98 

829.75 

798.96 

1,640.06 

1,413.10 

- 

5.29 

10.63 

23.16 

AL - Enterprises Support 

AL - Natural Resources and 
Energy 
AL - Environment 

AL - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
AL - Territorial 
Development 
AR 

AR - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
AR - Transport 

633.83 

572.48 

743.82 

AR - ICT 

0.06 

AR - Social Infrastructures  5.08 

AR - Human Capital 

101.24 

AR - Enterprises Support 

AR - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
AR - Environment 

AR - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  

1.25 

0.61 

80.99 

0.09 

0.65 

29.38 

89.75 

0.36 

0.54 

60.97 

1.00 

1.07 

137.86 

143.41 

0.99 

119.17 

163.55 

1.27 

914.30 

102.25 

42.04 

95.86 

0.86 

3.78 

86.25 

1.35 

225 

 
 
 
AR - Territorial 
Development 
AS 

6.59 

38.53 

318.30 

143.24 

51.67 

51.07 

99.85 

140.62 

0.13 

0.34 

25.01 

44.23 

- 

1.64 

11.92 

- 

19.20 

7.25 

- 

- 

0.66 

18.89 

- 

1.36 

22.12 

- 

AS - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
AS - Transport 

AS - ICT 

AS - Social Infrastructures 

0.31 

5.71 

- 

- 

0.13 

5.26 

- 

- 

AS - Human Capital 

2.20 

2.31 

AS - Enterprises Support 

- 

0.24 

7.08 

- 

- 

- 

5.21 

- 

AS - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
AS - Environment 

AS - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
AS - Territorial 
Development 
AZ 

AZ - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
AZ - Transport 

36.13 

38.16 

34.71 

53.02 

1,196.88 

1,270.27 

2,347.39 

2,059.80 

0.29 

0.29 

59.37 

29.15 

889.50 

960.38 

1,271.71 

1,630.58 

- 

39.73 

147.56 

0.05 

0.48 

71.50 

0.08 

1.28 

198.33 

241.49 

0.05 

3.38 

25.09 

162.86 

- 

225.50 

56.11 

184.59 

2.45 

90.42 

1.26 

2.53 

50.20 

162.62 

60.95 

6,942.88 

6,937.83 

12,981.94 

13,254.36 

48.06 

14.62 

273.26 

104.32 

5,083.49 

4,979.31 

6,859.55 

10,279.79 

AZ - ICT 

- 

AZ - Social Infrastructures  12.77 

AZ - Human Capital 

170.39 

0.15 

1.09 

119.88 

0.27 

AZ - Enterprises Support 

AZ - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
AZ - Environment 

AZ - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
AZ - Territorial 
Development 
CA 

CA - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
CA - Transport 

CA - ICT 

- 

- 

- 

CA - Social Infrastructures  39.29 

144.55 

859.57 

CA - Human Capital 

1,094.37 

850.02 

1,804.59 

184.13 

280.46 

983.52 

1.39 

CA - Enterprises Support 

CA - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
CA - Environment 

CA - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
CA - Territorial 
Development 
CO 

CO - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  

0.45 

4.92 

0.47 

4.11 

0.49 

837.94 

182.61 

559.48 

410.24 

1,095.29 

490.42 

0.42 

2.75 

6.40 

4.27 

112.39 

531.75 

1,244.85 

743.46 

1,424.79 

1,096.90 

1,996.53 

1,978.72 

8.22 

6.05 

12.30 

48.58 

226 

 
 
CO - Transport 

1,174.25 

833.31 

1,131.53 

1,462.59 

- 

42.48 

84.17 

- 

1.45 

85.82 

2.63 

0.30 

272.50 

145.66 

0.36 

161.69 

164.25 

1.44 

116.48 

43.41 

106.93 

1.61 

73.34 

81.27 

0.97 

CO - ICT 

- 

CO - Social Infrastructures  18.26 

CO - Human Capital 

108.63 

0.07 

1.12 

112.73 

0.09 

CO - Enterprises Support 

CO - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
CO - Environment 

CO - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
CO - Territorial 
Development 
CT 

CT - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
CT - Transport 

CT - ICT 

- 

CT - Social Infrastructures  16.69 

82.54 

0.04 

0.74 

94.30 

- 

CT - Human Capital 

CT - Enterprises Support 

CT - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
CT - Environment 

CT - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
CT - Territorial 
Development 
DC 

DC - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
DC - Transport 

DC - ICT 

- 

DC - Social Infrastructures  4.49 

DC - Human Capital 

41.19 

DC - Enterprises Support 

- 

0.30 

58.50 

0.15 

DC - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
DC - Environment 

DC - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
DC - Territorial 
Development 
DE 

DE - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
DE - Transport 

1.41 

41.00 

106.49 

43.52 

866.48 

826.07 

1,340.26 

1,403.71 

0.20 

2.56 

4.39 

5.22 

669.83 

575.11 

682.64 

1,075.34 

- 

47.34 

66.71 

- 

0.49 

90.62 

0.96 

- 

230.28 

135.76 

0.05 

78.81 

125.09 

1.24 

93.86 

41.95 

74.46 

- 

6.08 

56.73 

0.72 

2.14 

42.28 

82.00 

49.36 

428.29 

907.69 

863.43 

912.87 

0.84 

0.45 

1.69 

- 

322.13 

765.53 

561.22 

780.04 

- 

46.77 

32.57 

- 

0.21 

41.13 

- 

- 

111.08 

61.84 

- 

45.71 

50.79 

0.55 

23.21 

24.21 

37.15 

- 

0.59 

35.66 

0.16 

0.70 

21.02 

30.56 

11.86 

281.44 

274.59 

501.56 

390.01 

1.04 

- 

2.24 

- 

189.52 

194.95 

230.67 

292.09 

DE - ICT 

- 

DE - Social Infrastructures  2.31 

DE - Human Capital 

32.57 

- 

8.09 

25.09 

- 

57.31 

40.68 

1.90 

8.23 

29.03 

227 

 
 
DE - Enterprises Support 

- 

DE - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
DE - Environment 

DE - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
DE - Territorial 
Development 
FL 

FL - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
FL - Transport 

0.32 

54.92 

- 

- 

0.22 

38.32 

0.73 

- 

67.43 

72.64 

0.80 

- 

1.08 

43.27 

- 

0.76 

7.18 

29.79 

14.41 

3,364.94 

3,397.40 

7,166.04 

4,334.75 

68.30 

6.14 

15.36 

126.01 

2,534.23 

2,492.95 

3,908.22 

2,976.50 

FL - ICT 

0.13 

- 

FL - Social Infrastructures 

20.84 

FL - Human Capital 

432.70 

116.47 

378.92 

- 

1.83 

- 

664.01 

695.25 

- 

478.31 

39.02 

103.92 

458.83 

0.36 

54.14 

0.21 

1.63 

GA - ICT 

- 

GA - Social Infrastructures  23.06 

GA - Human Capital 

274.27 

FL - Enterprises Support 

FL - Natural Resources and 
Energy 
FL - Environment 

FL - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
FL - Territorial 
Development 
GA 

GA - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
GA - Transport 

GA - Enterprises Support 

GA - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
GA - Environment 

GA - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
GA - Territorial 
Development 
GU 

GU - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
GU - Transport 

279.95 

167.19 

484.38 

200.96 

0.05 

2.85 

0.32 

1.66 

26.90 

231.06 

920.19 

373.34 

2,161.74 

2,430.91 

4,244.04 

3,182.50 

1.52 

5.28 

8.93 

12.10 

1,672.84 

1,879.01 

2,465.22 

2,428.32 

0.49 

116.07 

225.33 

0.17 

1.08 

0.11 

541.40 

414.03 

- 

255.25 

14.16 

114.56 

248.50 

0.70 

19.24 

0.25 

1.41 

174.77 

104.28 

241.97 

168.69 

0.04 

2.49 

1.66 

1.30 

13.58 

96.70 

315.47 

174.92 

56.97 

0.13 

100.12 

174.06 

13.57 

50.80 

- 

- 

1.69 

6.76 

- 

- 

0.13 

85.13 

0.20 

5.81 

12.74 

- 

9.97 

10.91 

8.01 

23.93 

GU - ICT 

- 

GU - Social Infrastructures  0.23 

GU - Human Capital 

GU - Enterprises Support 

GU - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
GU - Environment 

9.80 

0.05 

0.25 

77.75 

0.12 

48.63 

- 

0.99 

5.95 

- 

9.83 

6.03 

228 

 
 
GU - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
GU - Territorial 
Development 
HI 

HI - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
HI - Transport 

- 

- 

- 

- 

22.03 

32.86 

36.16 

6.21 

583.44 

427.97 

830.76 

599.48 

4.18 

0.64 

2.02 

0.80 

432.27 

234.40 

451.49 

458.09 

HI - ICT 

- 

HI - Social Infrastructures 

40.03 

39.94 

0.05 

0.38 

60.44 

0.03 

89.12 

0.25 

0.64 

99.38 

- 

HI - Human Capital 

HI - Enterprises Support 

HI - Natural Resources and 
Energy 
HI - Environment 

HI - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
HI - Territorial 
Development 
IA 

IA - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
IA - Transport 

IA - Human Capital 

IA - Enterprises Support 

IA - Natural Resources and 
Energy 
IA - Environment 

IA - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
IA - Territorial 
Development 
ID 

ID - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
ID - Transport 

IA - ICT 

- 

IA - Social Infrastructures 

7.21 

- 

73.42 

36.07 

- 

1.61 

45.24 

0.31 

- 

102.61 

52.14 

- 

69.50 

96.95 

1.45 

1.95 

54.37 

40.46 

- 

0.35 

22.54 

0.07 

6.12 

36.29 

54.60 

20.86 

680.24 

1,021.07 

2,157.56 

1,940.53 

1.15 

0.50 

1.96 

10.70 

479.81 

479.81 

782.02 

678.02 

- 

13.60 

96.10 

0.20 

0.59 

72.86 

0.75 

0.05 

203.88 

121.71 

- 

95.54 

16.81 

25.02 

79.60 

0.08 

10.30 

253.66 

134.99 

0.98 

0.47 

2.69 

356.67 

697.77 

984.55 

529.85 

492.16 

1,004.71 

743.19 

1.77 

0.12 

8.38 

4.98 

363.43 

363.69 

592.65 

566.37 

ID - ICT 

0.14 

- 

ID - Social Infrastructures 

4.41 

47.40 

0.37 

0.45 

109.31 

0.24 

ID - Human Capital 

ID - Enterprises Support 

ID - Natural Resources and 
Energy 
ID - Environment 

ID - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
ID - Territorial 
Development 
IL 

6.13 

42.37 

0.06 

0.36 

61.68 

1.47 

0.96 

67.94 

65.97 

- 

81.77 

147.09 

2.16 

3.51 

20.41 

54.19 

- 

1.05 

73.37 

1.64 

2.32 

16.30 

37.78 

17.67 

2,759.22 

2,394.71 

4,943.77 

5,780.08 

229 

 
 
IL - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
IL - Transport 

0.08 

0.40 

19.65 

32.44 

2,056.99 

1,488.72 

2,202.99 

4,361.28 

IL - ICT 

- 

IL - Social Infrastructures 

26.75 

IL - Human Capital 

381.74 

- 

229.00 

295.70 

0.13 

2.45 

- 

967.61 

609.36 

0.49 

265.58 

135.92 

230.98 

325.51 

0.40 

84.13 

0.16 

3.01 

IL - Enterprises Support 

IL - Natural Resources and 
Energy 
IL - Environment 

IL - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
IL - Territorial 
Development 
IN 

IN - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
IN - Transport 

275.52 

168.46 

405.10 

213.14 

0.36 

0.34 

0.91 

0.17 

14.60 

209.51 

472.07 

396.12 

1,508.67 

1,631.71 

3,198.52 

2,941.56 

0.40 

2.09 

3.45 

13.51 

1,144.44 

1,191.77 

1,585.01 

2,187.54 

IN - ICT 

0.11 

- 

IN - Social Infrastructures 

11.39 

IN - Human Capital 

204.86 

43.38 

171.80 

0.22 

0.85 

- 

344.94 

288.20 

0.92 

208.86 

- 

40.48 

173.22 

0.85 

38.36 

1.16 

1.08 

IN - Enterprises Support 

IN - Natural Resources and 
Energy 
IN - Environment 

IN - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
IN - Territorial 
Development 
KS 

KS - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
KS - Transport 

KS - ICT 

- 

KS - Social Infrastructures  14.45 

98.23 

0.05 

0.83 

94.76 

0.02 

KS - Human Capital 

KS - Enterprises Support 

KS - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
KS - Environment 

KS - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
KS - Territorial 
Development 
KY 

KY - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
KY - Transport 

138.01 

101.45 

250.87 

132.59 

0.01 

7.22 

0.35 

1.17 

2.87 

119.80 

515.10 

352.13 

672.30 

710.89 

1,589.21 

1,043.50 

0.22 

- 

1.80 

0.26 

460.87 

482.00 

658.20 

720.14 

- 

31.31 

71.62 

0.05 

0.47 

59.71 

1.18 

- 

201.88 

102.37 

- 

113.05 

169.29 

- 

- 

39.55 

71.66 

2.17 

9.81 

95.18 

1.06 

2.88 

64.54 

342.62 

103.67 

1,204.03 

1,137.08 

2,348.83 

1,564.38 

3.70 

23.23 

37.85 

29.33 

918.87 

749.70 

1,127.60 

1,121.98 

KY - ICT 

0.52 

- 

- 

KY - Social Infrastructures  4.91 

57.29 

273.05 

3.24 

99.20 

230 

 
 
KY - Human Capital 

161.06 

119.02 

216.67 

134.41 

KY - Enterprises Support 

KY - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
KY - Environment 

KY - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
KY - Territorial 
Development 
LA 

LA - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
LA - Transport 

0.11 

1.03 

0.05 

0.54 

- 

149.76 

107.11 

121.26 

169.06 

1.18 

0.28 

0.10 

3.11 

88.10 

1.19 

64.81 

374.55 

83.72 

1,128.11 

3,622.45 

5,114.25 

5,823.36 

0.15 

2.10 

4.07 

31.63 

817.60 

832.79 

1,150.35 

1,474.61 

LA - ICT 

- 

LA - Social Infrastructures 

9.15 

LA - Human Capital 

184.33 

- 

97.37 

118.82 

- 

0.62 

- 

279.84 

187.51 

- 

89.39 

78.13 

124.22 

- 

186.42 

10.75 

0.01 

6.73 

0.39 

2.43 

LA - Enterprises Support 

LA - Natural Resources and 
Energy 
LA - Environment 

LA - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
LA - Territorial 
Development 
MA 

MA - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
MA - Transport 

MA - ICT 

- 

MA - Social Infrastructures  12.10 

MA - Human Capital 

164.63 

MA - Enterprises Support 

- 

1.45 

229.59 

0.22 

MA - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
MA - Environment 

MA - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
MA - Territorial 
Development 
MD 

MD - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
MD - Transport 

MD - ICT 

- 

MD - Social Infrastructures  17.44 

MD - Human Capital 

132.17 

MD - Enterprises Support 

MD - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
MD - Environment 

0.15 

1.10 

108.46 

188.14 

379.82 

369.48 

- 

1.42 

0.65 

0.41 

5.60 

2,381.19 

2,925.58 

3,644.74 

1,572.85 

1,468.59 

2,865.84 

2,288.25 

2.03 

- 

42.63 

21.50 

1,158.82 

1,032.42 

1,324.26 

1,633.62 

- 

99.80 

139.20 

- 

0.50 

84.57 

0.81 

1.91 

517.10 

255.48 

- 

50.92 

91.77 

158.03 

- 

184.68 

25.64 

282.85 

183.37 

1.23 

0.75 

4.03 

111.29 

255.70 

122.64 

1,256.03 

1,074.87 

1,933.98 

1,735.31 

1.15 

4.54 

6.76 

6.58 

964.77 

755.41 

950.34 

1,128.54 

- 

63.24 

115.10 

- 

1.13 

- 

300.35 

178.15 

- 

162.62 

115.24 

62.16 

125.23 

0.37 

59.56 

134.75 

77.80 

202.49 

106.18 

231 

 
 
MD - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
MD - Territorial 
Development 
ME 

ME - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
ME - Transport 

0.15 

4.35 

1.57 

1.25 

1.29 

56.09 

132.02 

130.16 

338.65 

372.33 

675.45 

666.20 

2.82 

0.40 

1.52 

0.05 

193.57 

227.35 

257.39 

406.23 

- 

17.78 

42.27 

0.17 

0.82 

55.98 

0.07 

- 

92.18 

65.03 

0.13 

57.22 

129.58 

1.61 

1.36 

33.90 

48.12 

1.63 

76.72 

64.83 

1.61 

6.53 

27.49 

70.80 

31.76 

2,065.67 

1,966.08 

4,200.41 

2,428.33 

1.11 

0.49 

9.03 

13.64 

1,350.47 

1,297.47 

1,705.49 

1,661.14 

MI - ICT 

- 

MI - Social Infrastructures 

35.44 

0.75 

72.18 

MI - Human Capital 

401.34 

292.67 

2.29 

2.00 

- 

2.47 

0.75 

713.65 

645.12 

- 

3.75 

85.96 

331.03 

0.32 

237.54 

110.51 

ME - ICT 

- 

ME - Social Infrastructures  6.73 

51.35 

0.22 

0.47 

76.96 

- 

ME - Human Capital 

ME - Enterprises Support 

ME - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
ME - Environment 

ME - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
ME - Territorial 
Development 
MI 

MI - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
MI - Transport 

MI - Enterprises Support 

MI - Natural Resources and 
Energy 
MI - Environment 

MI - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
MI - Territorial 
Development 
MN 

MN - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
MN - Transport 

MN - ICT 

- 

MN - Social Infrastructures  14.65 

MN - Human Capital 

128.44 

0.05 

1.38 

MN - Enterprises Support 

MN - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
MN - Environment 

MN - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
MN - Territorial 
Development 
MO 

265.23 

152.83 

447.88 

153.09 

0.25 

7.54 

2.97 

4.28 

2.40 

144.25 

436.68 

66.49 

1,096.32 

1,251.05 

2,349.25 

1,715.49 

3.75 

23.42 

4.36 

6.65 

795.57 

899.85 

1,142.56 

1,274.03 

- 

56.44 

105.00 

- 

1.09 

0.04 

435.69 

211.38 

- 

158.41 

7.78 

70.67 

146.50 

1.75 

15.56 

147.76 

102.74 

225.25 

120.61 

0.22 

4.50 

2.34 

2.41 

3.72 

60.17 

169.14 

68.21 

1,389.48 

1,359.89 

3,183.89 

2,944.93 

232 

 
 
MO - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
MO - Transport 

0.40 

0.49 

3.87 

8.26 

1,038.97 

928.45 

1,506.98 

2,379.71 

MP - Human Capital 

1.95 

1.07 

MP - Enterprises Support 

- 

MO - ICT 

- 

MO - Social Infrastructures  9.59 

MO - Human Capital 

197.30 

MO - Enterprises Support 

MO - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
MO - Environment 

MO - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
MO - Territorial 
Development 
MP 

MP - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
MP - Transport 

MP - ICT 

MP - Social Infrastructures 

0.09 

1.12 

0.01 

3.98 

43.78 

0.13 

0.96 

- 

- 

MS - ICT 

- 

MS - Social Infrastructures  8.17 

MS - Human Capital 

191.07 

0.24 

6.30 

- 

0.10 

0.70 

MP - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
MP - Environment 

MP - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
MP - Territorial 
Development 
MS 

MS - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
MS - Transport 

MS - Enterprises Support 

MS - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
MS - Environment 

MS - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
MS - Territorial 
Development 
MT 

MT - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
MT - Transport 

- 

51.00 

162.15 

0.05 

0.84 

- 

405.90 

292.30 

- 

4.98 

63.84 

164.76 

- 

177.94 

73.58 

138.02 

112.34 

307.76 

138.61 

1.23 

2.54 

2.62 

103.35 

486.60 

108.57 

18.05 

0.06 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

0.20 

- 

62.38 

0.24 

5.32 

- 

1.98 

2.02 

- 

17.01 

1.54 

- 

44.26 

0.27 

14.66 

- 

0.72 

1.57 

- 

9.82 

15.18 

- 

34.21 

16.72 

34.27 

2.04 

1,022.63 

922.38 

1,784.28 

1,432.36 

0.58 

3.36 

4.01 

3.94 

731.09 

522.74 

740.10 

808.92 

- 

37.05 

111.76 

3.11 

0.45 

0.51 

179.18 

195.41 

2.98 

113.75 

71.13 

43.12 

115.24 

2.98 

2.38 

85.76 

104.72 

232.40 

137.29 

- 

0.03 

0.31 

1.31 

5.16 

139.15 

315.62 

246.04 

574.62 

568.55 

908.06 

1,033.93 

0.20 

- 

1.35 

3.75 

417.36 

422.97 

555.27 

877.49 

MT - ICT 

- 

MT - Social Infrastructures  4.33 

- 

9.70 

0.12 

78.81 

2.59 

12.99 

233 

 
 
MT - Human Capital 

MT - Enterprises Support 

MT - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
MT - Environment 

MT - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
MT - Territorial 
Development 
NC 

NC - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
NC - Transport 

41.81 

0.02 

0.66 

106.12 

0.15 

38.32 

- 

0.62 

81.69 

1.42 

55.13 

0.08 

57.88 

120.21 

0.10 

39.43 

0.05 

0.87 

73.75 

1.87 

3.95 

13.84 

39.12 

21.14 

1,626.93 

1,741.82 

3,396.67 

2,525.16 

1.91 

- 

4.00 

2.70 

1,116.46 

1,188.67 

1,768.14 

1,787.04 

NC - ICT 

- 

NC - Social Infrastructures  25.97 

NC - Human Capital 

282.13 

- 

122.14 

229.96 

0.05 

1.30 

- 

540.03 

433.34 

- 

18.86 

123.65 

276.27 

- 

230.00 

34.64 

0.05 

1.05 

NC - Enterprises Support 

NC - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
NC - Environment 

NC - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
NC - Territorial 
Development 
ND 

ND - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
ND - Transport 

ND - ICT 

- 

ND - Social Infrastructures  3.73 

28.77 

0.15 

0.41 

74.96 

0.24 

ND - Human Capital 

ND - Enterprises Support 

ND - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
ND - Environment 

ND - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
ND - Territorial 
Development 
NE 

NE - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
NE - Transport 

NE - ICT 

0.16 

NE - Social Infrastructures  4.54 

NE - Human Capital 

NE - Enterprises Support 

NE - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
NE - Environment 

48.40 

1.17 

0.45 

192.12 

120.56 

255.98 

178.66 

0.21 

7.03 

1.03 

1.90 

0.95 

78.12 

163.27 

102.40 

387.96 

346.96 

938.57 

663.43 

3.81 

2.77 

1.28 

2.25 

273.08 

201.35 

417.93 

485.77 

- 

8.99 

26.71 

0.05 

0.02 

97.95 

1.03 

- 

65.73 

40.13 

0.08 

63.34 

232.52 

1.31 

- 

8.54 

24.46 

0.32 

1.87 

32.60 

0.81 

2.82 

8.09 

116.24 

106.79 

444.99 

456.61 

906.08 

745.45 

0.15 

0.20 

0.73 

4.59 

313.81 

290.92 

450.00 

530.54 

0.51 

14.41 

44.73 

0.35 

0.67 

0.07 

127.67 

63.14 

0.60 

80.27 

2.48 

15.45 

48.75 

0.40 

29.99 

74.60 

59.71 

102.28 

69.49 

234 

 
 
NE - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
NE - Territorial 
Development 
NH 

NH - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
NH - Transport 

0.03 

1.70 

0.99 

0.98 

0.34 

44.12 

80.34 

43.43 

370.21 

324.85 

647.06 

461.65 

1.42 

0.33 

1.42 

- 

232.98 

209.37 

276.71 

319.48 

- 

11.92 

33.74 

0.05 

0.28 

49.28 

0.01 

- 

66.96 

46.38 

0.05 

69.96 

122.63 

0.83 

- 

14.84 

31.14 

0.03 

27.14 

41.84 

0.38 

4.90 

19.87 

62.11 

26.79 

2,120.53 

1,837.78 

2,949.39 

3,107.70 

2.47 

3.92 

4.68 

4.71 

1,680.50 

1,368.60 

1,370.70 

2,332.70 

- 

97.62 

166.08 

0.20 

0.03 

89.08 

0.88 

- 

517.37 

307.52 

- 

235.54 

44.74 

130.54 

196.57 

0.12 

43.21 

304.88 

159.83 

1.24 

2.19 

2.83 

111.36 

207.46 

193.08 

588.74 

607.49 

1,196.99 

879.02 

0.72 

1.43 

1.56 

4.57 

396.17 

404.46 

705.90 

626.33 

- 

19.08 

56.77 

- 

0.79 

94.42 

0.88 

1.46 

94.09 

85.36 

0.05 

86.83 

165.96 

1.03 

50.88 

20.30 

63.01 

0.32 

13.26 

62.12 

1.86 

NH - ICT 

- 

NH - Social Infrastructures  4.89 

35.35 

0.05 

1.05 

89.52 

0.06 

NH - Human Capital 

NH - Enterprises Support 

NH - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
NH - Environment 

NH - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
NH - Territorial 
Development 
NJ 

NJ - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
NJ - Transport 

NJ - ICT 

- 

NJ - Social Infrastructures 

11.90 

NJ - Human Capital 

210.52 

NJ - Enterprises Support 

- 

1.32 

211.00 

- 

NJ - Natural Resources and 
Energy 
NJ - Environment 

NJ - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
NJ - Territorial 
Development 
NM 

NM - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
NM - Transport 

NM - ICT 

- 

NM - Social Infrastructures  5.10 

NM - Human Capital 

65.93 

NM - Enterprises Support 

- 

1.97 

114.70 

0.35 

NM - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
NM - Environment 

NM - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
NM - Territorial 
Development 
NV 

3.79 

29.66 

54.75 

36.36 

977.54 

692.08 

1,091.76 

895.44 

235 

 
 
NV - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
NV - Transport 

3.32 

1.48 

2.48 

1.00 

399.13 

460.17 

580.80 

703.91 

- 

34.22 

48.68 

- 

0.05 

56.97 

69.29 

0.03 

105.83 

106.58 

- 

1.68 

25.86 

72.58 

- 

110.73 

11.99 

81.82 

1.52 

51.85 

1.42 

NV - ICT 

- 

NV - Social Infrastructures  6.38 

NV - Human Capital 

54.30 

NV - Enterprises Support 

- 

0.41 

63.94 

447.98 

NV - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
NV - Environment 

NV - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
NV - Territorial 
Development 
NY 

NY - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
NY - Transport 

NY - ICT 

- 

NY - Social Infrastructures  48.32 

NY - Human Capital 

608.92 

NY - Enterprises Support 

NY - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
NY - Environment 

NY - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
NY - Territorial 
Development 
OH 

OH - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
OH - Transport 

OH - Enterprises Support 

OH - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
OH - Environment 

OH - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
OH - Territorial 
Development 
OK 

OK - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
OK - Transport 

OH - ICT 

- 

OH - Social Infrastructures  31.17 

OH - Human Capital 

397.15 

2.08 

21.22 

101.96 

25.14 

5,817.29 

4,646.74 

7,829.05 

6,590.23 

31.18 

18.52 

15.12 

45.71 

4,683.61 

3,135.37 

3,319.59 

4,549.15 

0.05 

455.95 

476.95 

- 

2.17 

- 

1,758.88 

848.81 

0.05 

52.69 

433.11 

474.32 

0.82 

486.04 

114.96 

0.05 

4.97 

422.00 

200.39 

783.21 

410.75 

- 

0.09 

0.26 

3.01 

18.24 

357.26 

617.08 

505.71 

2,535.46 

2,231.52 

4,867.08 

3,304.91 

19.06 

9.01 

11.28 

20.74 

1,788.61 

1,488.92 

2,005.06 

2,516.41 

- 

128.76 

305.78 

1.56 

2.13 

- 

962.48 

598.16 

4.55 

296.86 

6.99 

1.94 

285.04 

103.86 

487.85 

- 

1.51 

1.71 

2.16 

121.96 

318.93 

8.36 

35.93 

98.81 

1.79 

5.49 

189.99 

499.11 

179.82 

1,127.13 

1,182.68 

1,727.33 

2,247.62 

0.16 

12.28 

14.88 

12.68 

896.15 

912.27 

967.12 

1,765.31 

OK - ICT 

- 

OK - Social Infrastructures  5.31 

0.65 

28.21 

- 

206.56 

77.02 

33.02 

236 

 
 
OK - Human Capital 

103.68 

88.74 

128.96 

93.73 

OK - Enterprises Support 

OK - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
OK - Environment 

OK - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
OK - Territorial 
Development 
OR 

OR - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
OR - Transport 

0.31 

0.77 

116.34 

0.15 

- 

0.48 

93.84 

1.84 

0.20 

- 

116.55 

24.13 

192.82 

0.20 

90.93 

2.25 

4.26 

44.37 

100.05 

148.56 

1,039.74 

687.26 

1,774.52 

1,500.10 

5.72 

3.75 

8.10 

5.54 

793.40 

436.20 

1,011.24 

1,069.82 

OR - ICT 

- 

OR - Social Infrastructures  7.78 

OR - Human Capital 

126.52 

0.20 

1.06 

101.56 

0.00 

OR - Enterprises Support 

OR - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
OR - Environment 

OR - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
OR - Territorial 
Development 
PA 

PA - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
PA - Transport 

PA - ICT 

- 

PA - Social Infrastructures  24.04 

PA - Human Capital 

364.22 

PA - Enterprises Support 

PA - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
PA - Environment 

PA - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
PA - Territorial 
Development 
PR 

PR - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
PR - Transport 

- 

17.24 

96.72 

0.05 

0.49 

87.22 

0.52 

0.19 

132.97 

177.88 

0.15 

116.26 

15.03 

39.86 

116.59 

0.45 

55.13 

238.92 

115.30 

2.05 

1.73 

3.49 

45.06 

86.76 

80.67 

3,274.75 

2,930.63 

5,274.52 

4,500.02 

23.94 

5.82 

5.52 

3.25 

2,571.07 

2,001.85 

2,589.43 

3,250.58 

- 

202.22 

302.00 

0.10 

1.82 

- 

1,064.88 

501.17 

- 

329.05 

35.40 

214.40 

307.70 

0.11 

83.74 

0.15 

3.27 

282.19 

190.19 

398.95 

305.92 

0.02 

5.85 

0.02 

0.36 

1.75 

226.61 

385.15 

297.16 

328.68 

506.00 

1,370.84 

873.28 

2.46 

0.59 

0.13 

0.13 

25.06 

31.93 

209.62 

377.49 

PR - ICT 

- 

PR - Social Infrastructures  11.93 

PR - Human Capital 

246.11 

PR - Enterprises Support 

- 

PR - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
PR - Environment 

0.56 

- 

148.39 

164.32 

- 

0.05 

- 

423.97 

332.10 

- 

112.36 

- 

177.63 

165.39 

0.16 

10.09 

42.24 

49.13 

111.45 

19.26 

237 

 
 
PR - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
PR - Territorial 
Development 
RI 

RI - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
RI - Transport 

- 

- 

- 

- 

0.32 

111.59 

181.23 

123.14 

333.99 

324.99 

631.32 

522.71 

- 

0.17 

1.44 

0.67 

239.46 

228.66 

322.87 

372.92 

RI - ICT 

- 

RI - Social Infrastructures 

4.98 

RI - Human Capital 

37.19 

RI - Enterprises Support 

- 

RI - Natural Resources and 
Energy 
RI - Environment 

RI - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
RI - Territorial 
Development 
SC 

SC - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
SC - Transport 

- 

20.28 

29.35 

- 

0.26 

0.36 

49.42 

28.15 

- 

- 

- 

74.17 

65.52 

- 

65.76 

72.36 

0.45 

0.37 

25.72 

39.85 

0.40 

2.67 

42.23 

0.68 

2.58 

18.11 

28.75 

37.19 

920.89 

1,042.13 

2,108.73 

1,826.28 

6.12 

2.68 

2.74 

2.48 

623.96 

768.49 

1,233.09 

1,502.85 

SC - ICT 

- 

SC - Social Infrastructures  5.84 

0.13 

36.39 

SC - Human Capital 

182.92 

131.35 

0.08 

197.78 

248.43 

- 

154.73 

15.57 

35.84 

145.30 

0.15 

2.93 

160.93 

92.97 

2.80 

- 

0.06 

0.68 

97.13 

0.13 

0.01 

1.05 

57.54 

0.01 

SC - Enterprises Support 

SC - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
SC - Environment 

SC - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
SC - Territorial 
Development 
SD 

SD - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
SD - Transport 

SD - ICT 

0.36 

SD - Social Infrastructures  3.70 

30.90 

0.02 

0.72 

70.07 

0.30 

SD - Human Capital 

SD - Enterprises Support 

SD - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
SD - Environment 

SD - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
SD - Territorial 
Development 
TN 

4.05 

44.49 

108.14 

28.19 

367.56 

346.97 

752.49 

702.03 

- 

0.24 

1.06 

0.10 

259.23 

248.26 

433.48 

515.03 

0.39 

6.43 

30.54 

- 

0.24 

45.61 

0.99 

0.28 

72.13 

44.40 

0.05 

65.59 

83.55 

1.35 

0.69 

10.15 

30.03 

- 

0.85 

43.51 

1.01 

2.26 

14.28 

50.61 

100.67 

1,270.61 

1,338.91 

2,542.63 

1,726.44 

238 

 
 
TN - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
TN - Transport 

- 

0.47 

1.93 

14.61 

923.89 

960.28 

1,307.85 

1,077.14 

TN - ICT 

- 

TN - Social Infrastructures  16.17 

TN - Human Capital 

201.02 

0.05 

0.93 

120.02 

0.10 

TN - Enterprises Support 

TN - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
TN - Environment 

TN - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
TN - Territorial 
Development 
TX 

TX - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
TX - Transport 

- 

80.20 

155.41 

0.05 

0.88 

77.02 

1.23 

- 

421.58 

287.29 

0.05 

179.51 

0.56 

111.81 

178.15 

0.75 

20.58 

166.38 

104.85 

3.05 

0.10 

8.43 

63.38 

175.01 

217.90 

4,358.12 

5,150.59 

11,311.66 

10,079.25 

2.37 

7.51 

13.41 

48.30 

3,320.08 

3,462.86 

4,507.76 

6,425.11 

TX - ICT 

- 

TX - Social Infrastructures  35.28 

TX - Human Capital 

712.09 

TX - Enterprises Support 

0.05 

10.41 

- 

169.63 

571.90 

- 

4.69 

- 

1,098.87 

931.43 

- 

724.66 

30.76 

155.19 

555.32 

0.31 

78.55 

TX - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
TX - Environment 

TX - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
TX - Territorial 
Development 
UM 

UM - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
UM - Transport 

UM - ICT 

UM - Social Infrastructures 

UM - Human Capital 

UM - Enterprises Support 

UM - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
UM - Environment 

UM - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
UM - Territorial 
Development 
UT 

UT - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
UT - Transport 

260.42 

316.44 

691.44 

492.66 

0.11 

3.55 

- 

0.02 

17.30 

614.02 

3,344.09 

2,293.02 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

794.97 

612.30 

1,206.07 

1,064.99 

3.80 

0.10 

3.92 

3.44 

614.50 

432.01 

656.19 

812.20 

UT - ICT 

- 

UT - Social Infrastructures  4.12 

- 

9.05 

0.58 

104.00 

18.22 

25.14 

239 

 
 
UT - Human Capital 

UT - Enterprises Support 

UT - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
UT - Environment 

UT - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
UT - Territorial 
Development 
VA 

VA - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
VA - Transport 

74.69 

0.04 

1.04 

93.33 

0.52 

72.53 

- 

0.35 

75.88 

1.59 

105.00 

77.37 

- 

105.59 

182.52 

1.92 

- 

2.69 

99.73 

1.95 

2.93 

20.79 

46.35 

24.24 

1,724.07 

1,830.49 

2,724.75 

2,986.00 

10.99 

4.66 

26.73 

4.22 

1,368.97 

1,394.62 

1,514.89 

2,423.04 

VA - ICT 

- 

VA - Social Infrastructures  34.57 

0.31 

96.54 

VA - Human Capital 

175.74 

158.23 

- 

355.81 

228.27 

1.48 

244.51 

10.90 

104.33 

166.47 

0.90 

23.33 

212.65 

138.14 

2.01 

1.78 

2.32 

1.12 

124.91 

- 

1.04 

0.74 

97.89 

0.11 

VA - Enterprises Support 

VA - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
VA - Environment 

VA - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
VA - Territorial 
Development 
VI 

VI - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
VI - Transport 

VI - ICT 

- 

VI - Social Infrastructures 

0.18 

VI - Human Capital 

4.75 

VI - Enterprises Support 

- 

0.26 

8.85 

- 

5.52 

VI - Natural Resources and 
Energy 
VI - Environment 

VI - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
VI - Territorial 
Development 
VT 

VT - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
VT - Transport 

VT - ICT 

- 

VT - Social Infrastructures  3.12 

VT - Human Capital 

VT - Enterprises Support 

VT - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
VT - Environment 

28.75 

0.23 

0.41 

5.44 

76.33 

138.40 

112.89 

46.86 

0.13 

49.94 

0.17 

61.40 

1.08 

68.75 

0.12 

27.17 

16.12 

10.97 

39.89 

- 

7.65 

3.63 

- 

0.22 

9.29 

- 

- 

3.62 

8.36 

- 

20.29 

7.05 

- 

12.84 

10.03 

5.56 

8.41 

4.56 

- 

0.24 

4.16 

- 

5.81 

309.40 

242.26 

561.36 

587.20 

0.94 

0.49 

3.06 

8.60 

221.55 

156.81 

270.75 

429.49 

- 

7.61 

25.83 

0.11 

0.68 

- 

54.16 

45.51 

0.32 

59.98 

33.39 

18.52 

33.54 

0.25 

2.18 

52.77 

35.20 

89.91 

46.22 

240 

 
 
VT - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
VT - Territorial 
Development 
WA 

WA - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
WA - Transport 

- 

0.06 

0.36 

0.70 

1.64 

15.46 

37.32 

14.31 

1,712.76 

1,494.72 

2,964.04 

2,637.00 

27.73 

10.88 

12.05 

45.49 

1,235.39 

1,004.85 

1,692.91 

1,941.10 

WA - ICT 

- 

WA - Social Infrastructures  10.33 

WA - Human Capital 

199.07 

- 

92.98 

156.14 

- 

1.33 

0.08 

304.56 

263.57 

- 

179.23 

28.45 

65.40 

176.39 

0.60 

58.92 

0.10 

1.03 

WA - Enterprises Support 

WA - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
WA - Environment 

WA - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
WA - Territorial 
Development 
WI 

WI - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
WI - Transport 

231.71 

159.86 

312.82 

211.34 

0.34 

7.07 

0.02 

2.34 

5.90 

68.67 

196.47 

103.43 

1,212.60 

1,444.55 

2,352.83 

2,023.80 

2.55 

0.39 

1.89 

18.46 

828.36 

1,037.87 

1,066.92 

1,475.16 

61.15 

136.11 

- 

2.62 

97.77 

0.13 

- 

420.93 

217.15 

0.05 

153.09 

25.69 

44.99 

160.65 

- 

7.28 

274.62 

106.53 

1.44 

0.07 

7.49 

108.53 

216.72 

184.94 

736.26 

794.69 

1,310.38 

1,269.06 

0.44 

4.37 

6.11 

18.19 

512.74 

558.40 

686.17 

- 

23.49 

58.71 

- 

0.47 

0.37 

140.78 

114.49 

- 

88.87 

68.38 

0.05 

0.53 

796.50 

128.45 

38.28 

87.69 

1.29 

2.03 

WI - ICT 

0.45 

- 

WI - Social Infrastructures  24.38 

WI - Human Capital 

159.34 

0.22 

1.53 

188.17 

0.10 

WI - Enterprises Support 

WI - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
WI - Environment 

WI - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
WI - Territorial 
Development 
WV 

WV - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
WV - Transport 

WV - ICT 

- 

WV - Social Infrastructures  5.44 

WV - Human Capital 

WV - Enterprises Support 

WV - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
WV - Environment 

WV - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
WV - Territorial 
Development 
WY 

143.10 

110.50 

170.05 

131.20 

0.07 

5.50 

1.09 

0.66 

1.20 

37.66 

102.89 

64.24 

336.20 

437.66 

745.84 

465.87 

241 

 
 
WY - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
WY - Transport 

0.17 

- 

1.26 

0.27 

241.06 

263.17 

410.15 

391.62 

WY - ICT 

- 

WY - Social Infrastructures  6.94 

WY - Human Capital 

WY - Enterprises Support 

WY - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
WY - Environment 

WY - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
WY - Territorial 
Development 
Total 

27.42 

0.03 

0.60 

59.73 

0.01 

0.26 

- 

16.00 

14.78 

- 

0.29 

- 

34.74 

24.32 

- 

73.31 

138.10 

173.38 

1.47 

0.30 

5.02 

1.01 

12.20 

17.56 

- 

0.59 

34.22 

1.30 

27.20 

7.11 

73,162.48  74,013.80  139,236.43  121,083.77 

Source: US Department of the Treasury, Authors’ calculation 

US States and Level-1 
categories 
AK 

AK - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
AK - Transport 

2011 

2012 

2013 

1,207.30 

1,227.58 

1,169.81 

Cumulative 
2007-2013 
8,178.65 

1.20 

0.82 

0.30 

18.22 

911.19 

814.50 

940.50 

5,670.24 

AK - ICT 

- 

AK - Social Infrastructures  134.49 

AK - Human Capital 

AK - Enterprises Support 

AK - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
AK - Environment 

AK - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
AK - Territorial 
Development 
AL 

AL - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
AL - Transport 

- 

178.93 

33.83 

- 

0.71 

- 

41.36 

32.10 

- 

0.28 

31.81 

0.74 

0.60 

101.85 

163.20 

102.08 

2.46 

0.96 

0.27 

5.35 

932.95 

276.81 

0.79 

86.78 

940.94 

11.05 

22.97 

34.64 

52.92 

235.52 

1,618.46 

1,626.63 

1,534.43 

11,195.46 

0.03 

- 

- 

23.51 

1,063.69 

1,045.10 

1,048.18 

7,348.34 

AL - ICT 

- 

AL - Social Infrastructures 

105.62 

AL - Human Capital 

119.63 

AL - Enterprises Support 

AL - Natural Resources and 
Energy 
AL - Environment 

AL - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
AL - Territorial 
Development 

0.14 

1.74 

98.55 

1.86 

- 

57.98 

140.58 

0.37 

2.51 

- 

116.26 

128.64 

- 

2.40 

1.39 

811.41 

999.47 

0.58 

188.67 

199.23 

107.02 

891.83 

2.66 

0.26 

5.71 

227.20 

178.21 

131.67 

924.55 

242 

 
 
 
 
AR 

1,052.09 

1,000.47 

993.88 

7,728.29 

AR - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
AR - Transport 

9.00 

- 

4.29 

52.37 

780.02 

751.87 

732.85 

5,129.18 

AR - ICT 

- 

AR - Social Infrastructures  23.99 

AR - Human Capital 

79.59 

AR - Enterprises Support 

1.46 

- 

67.57 

0.36 

AR - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
AR - Environment 

AR - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
AR - Territorial 
Development 
AS 

AS - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
AS - Transport 

- 

24.73 

87.52 

0.99 

0.91 

86.66 

1.33 

- 

52.13 

82.19 

1.04 

1.03 

48.18 

0.89 

104.03 

315.21 

679.56 

6.96 

126.04 

594.17 

6.29 

90.08 

46.45 

71.29 

714.48 

51.21 

59.08 

64.75 

518.26 

0.34 

0.20 

0.05 

1.50 

28.48 

14.50 

15.70 

138.89 

AS - ICT 

- 

AS - Social Infrastructures  0.30 

AS - Human Capital 

1.49 

AS - Enterprises Support 

- 

0.39 

- 

0.13 

0.53 

- 

0.14 

- 

0.22 

1.85 

- 

0.19 

- 

2.95 

39.19 

- 

21.52 

AS - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
AS - Environment 

AS - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
AS - Territorial 
Development 
AZ 

AZ - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
AZ - Transport 

AZ - ICT 

- 

AZ - Social Infrastructures  47.43 

AZ - Human Capital 

149.57 

0.66 

1.17 

57.18 

1.05 

AZ - Enterprises Support 

AZ - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
AZ - Environment 

AZ - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
AZ - Territorial 
Development 
CA 

CA - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
CA - Transport 

11.77 

17.72 

14.12 

85.27 

- 

- 

- 

- 

8.43 

25.87 

32.63 

228.95 

1,517.33 

1,303.90 

1,450.66 

11,146.24 

- 

0.87 

0.14 

90.12 

1,199.94 

986.54 

1,105.60 

8,044.25 

- 

16.82 

172.30 

0.89 

3.42 

68.23 

0.59 

- 

19.19 

160.06 

1.40 

1.97 

65.22 

2.29 

4.65 

359.36 

1,204.23 

3.19 

289.74 

657.02 

7.99 

60.33 

54.25 

94.80 

485.68 

8,555.09 

7,670.03 

8,128.37 

64,470.49 

11.64 

9.94 

18.67 

480.51 

6,596.54 

5,755.07 

6,110.76 

45,664.52 

CA - ICT 

0.04 

0.13 

- 

184.29 

243 

 
 
CA - Social Infrastructures  92.99 

CA - Human Capital 

753.20 

103.30 

944.76 

0.53 

7.23 

143.18 

793.62 

0.54 

8.44 

1,663.34 

7,224.09 

6.63 

1,050.64 

2.77 

5.39 

CA - Enterprises Support 

CA - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
CA - Environment 

CA - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
CA - Territorial 
Development 
CO 

CO - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
CO - Transport 

CO - ICT 

CO - Human Capital 

CO - Enterprises Support 

CO - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
CO - Environment 

CO - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
CO - Territorial 
Development 
CT 

CT - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
CT - Transport 

CO - Social Infrastructures  59.28 

CT - ICT 

- 

CT - Social Infrastructures  40.08 

87.18 

0.55 

1.16 

46.11 

0.97 

CT - Human Capital 

CT - Enterprises Support 

CT - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
CT - Environment 

CT - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
CT - Territorial 
Development 
DC 

DC - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
DC - Transport 

341.79 

371.52 

317.14 

3,585.88 

8.92 

7.47 

4.10 

34.34 

741.80 

470.09 

731.90 

4,576.23 

1,371.62 

1,811.55 

1,535.65 

11,215.77 

0.72 

0.26 

1.09 

77.22 

993.54 

101.04 

94.14 

0.67 

2.50 

75.60 

2.37 

1,522.47 

1,188.34 

8,306.04 

0.19 

17.89 

121.90 

2.84 

0.68 

105.67 

1.82 

- 

46.32 

102.30 

1.79 

0.58 

98.52 

1.63 

218.01 

500.14 

763.72 

7.35 

241.35 

723.87 

10.95 

41.77 

37.84 

95.08 

367.12 

1,181.13 

1,167.90 

1,215.80 

8,001.34 

1.08 

0.08 

0.10 

13.64 

950.87 

929.54 

935.06 

5,818.39 

- 

28.87 

82.54 

0.34 

1.77 

87.82 

0.83 

0.88 

49.03 

86.03 

- 

1.37 

56.44 

8.39 

94.73 

454.24 

615.23 

0.97 

90.42 

557.10 

13.10 

53.12 

36.11 

78.50 

343.52 

1,218.27 

878.43 

1,370.14 

6,579.13 

- 

0.10 

0.30 

3.38 

1,054.94 

768.29 

1,254.20 

5,506.35 

DC - ICT 

- 

DC - Social Infrastructures  20.17 

DC - Human Capital 

36.94 

DC - Enterprises Support 

- 

DC - Natural Resources 
and Energy 

0.27 

- 

14.58 

32.62 

0.59 

0.49 

- 

27.87 

33.95 

- 

0.54 

23.21 

249.16 

276.25 

0.59 

48.11 

244 

 
 
DC - Environment 

DC - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
DC - Territorial 
Development 
DE 

DE - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
DE - Transport 

54.50 

1.35 

48.07 

0.94 

20.84 

0.81 

309.48 

3.95 

50.11 

12.75 

31.64 

158.64 

271.48 

358.17 

329.29 

2,406.54 

0.06 

- 

- 

3.34 

201.58 

250.94 

240.74 

1,600.48 

DE - ICT 

- 

DE - Social Infrastructures  4.64 

25.69 

0.25 

0.54 

28.45 

1.29 

DE - Human Capital 

DE - Enterprises Support 

DE - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
DE - Environment 

DE - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
DE - Territorial 
Development 
FL 

FL - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
FL - Transport 

FL - ICT 

- 

FL - Social Infrastructures 

56.74 

FL - Human Capital 

447.11 

FL - Enterprises Support 

FL - Natural Resources and 
Energy 
FL - Environment 

FL - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
FL - Territorial 
Development 
GA 

GA - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
GA - Transport 

GA - ICT 

- 

GA - Social Infrastructures  91.65 

GA - Human Capital 

218.93 

GA - Enterprises Support 

GA - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
GA - Environment 

GA - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
GA - Territorial 
Development 

1.34 

1.88 

95.73 

2.47 

- 

4.89 

29.17 

0.19 

0.61 

63.38 

- 

- 

6.54 

29.77 

- 

0.66 

30.83 

0.00 

1.90 

92.00 

212.00 

0.44 

70.87 

331.80 

2.83 

8.99 

9.00 

20.74 

90.88 

3,916.29 

3,621.54 

3,827.64 

29,628.60 

17.53 

1.06 

3.55 

237.94 

2,868.06 

2,643.63 

2,798.44 

20,222.03 

- 

67.94 

508.05 

- 

1.76 

- 

116.53 

455.90 

- 

2.88 

39.14 

1,146.46 

3,376.75 

1.36 

543.35 

0.78 

2.80 

221.37 

196.48 

177.39 

1,727.71 

5.28 

3.89 

3.97 

18.01 

296.63 

198.73 

268.99 

2,315.84 

2,212.58 

2,586.31 

2,610.84 

19,428.91 

5.96 

1.76 

0.91 

36.46 

1,673.93 

1,999.21 

1,929.79 

14,048.31 

- 

83.82 

289.32 

0.83 

2.40 

- 

144.59 

255.07 

- 

2.45 

14.76 

1,115.15 

1,925.45 

3.29 

283.71 

108.24 

113.23 

1,006.91 

1.81 

5.23 

15.00 

120.71 

98.92 

159.57 

979.87 

245 

 
 
GU 

GU - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
GU - Transport 

84.11 

0.05 

123.41 

108.21 

724.63 

0.06 

0.25 

0.73 

49.23 

71.09 

57.83 

376.28 

GU - ICT 

- 

GU - Social Infrastructures  0.31 

GU - Human Capital 

GU - Enterprises Support 

GU - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
GU - Environment 

GU - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
GU - Territorial 
Development 
HI 

HI - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
HI - Transport 

- 

0.10 

7.00 

0.23 

0.15 

- 

3.51 

3.83 

- 

0.19 

0.20 

12.63 

51.77 

0.41 

20.79 

5.69 

0.14 

0.41 

21.19 

17.25 

12.29 

99.61 

- 

- 

- 

- 

7.10 

27.54 

30.31 

162.21 

449.54 

812.99 

686.43 

4,390.61 

0.45 

0.48 

0.18 

8.74 

274.09 

622.35 

521.86 

2,994.54 

HI - ICT 

- 

HI - Social Infrastructures 

55.59 

33.67 

0.62 

2.17 

64.21 

0.99 

HI - Human Capital 

HI - Enterprises Support 

HI - Natural Resources and 
Energy 
HI - Environment 

HI - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
HI - Territorial 
Development 
IA 

IA - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
IA - Transport 

IA - ICT 

0.12 

- 

IA - Social Infrastructures 

13.66 

- 

86.74 

33.04 

1.29 

0.56 

42.03 

1.01 

- 

74.14 

33.30 

0.44 

0.27 

40.03 

1.24 

1.95 

486.91 

268.62 

2.39 

74.82 

371.44 

5.10 

17.74 

25.49 

14.98 

176.10 

1,290.92 

1,280.84 

941.16 

9,312.33 

0.03 

1.17 

- 

15.50 

635.43 

716.63 

614.71 

4,386.42 

67.55 

0.47 

1.27 

5.08 

74.95 

0.21 

1.67 

- 

39.46 

70.93 

0.44 

2.46 

16.98 

307.90 

599.96 

1.65 

112.46 

182.29 

177.22 

106.19 

1,026.59 

1.79 

0.97 

0.99 

5.94 

388.32 

302.95 

105.99 

2,838.93 

473.18 

588.55 

537.67 

4,369.31 

0.06 

0.02 

0.05 

15.37 

337.76 

433.38 

379.93 

3,037.21 

IA - Human Capital 

IA - Enterprises Support 

IA - Natural Resources and 
Energy 
IA - Environment 

IA - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
IA - Territorial 
Development 
ID 

ID - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
ID - Transport 

ID - ICT 

- 

- 

- 

4.61 

246 

 
 
47.05 

0.30 

1.13 

58.27 

2.22 

6.57 

52.50 

0.59 

0.43 

81.26 

1.60 

6.58 

49.85 

0.24 

0.50 

76.29 

0.23 

117.68 

359.34 

1.56 

85.69 

607.28 

9.56 

20.74 

12.19 

24.00 

131.00 

3,816.75 

3,182.67 

3,536.15 

26,413.34 

0.28 

3.20 

2.36 

58.42 

2,872.41 

2,363.20 

2,690.65 

18,036.22 

- 

57.41 

337.80 

6.92 

4.52 

- 

110.62 

295.43 

3.61 

1.54 

135.92 

1,785.05 

2,550.08 

20.14 

366.67 

8.43 

5.44 

193.30 

223.98 

198.57 

1,678.07 

3.12 

5.34 

0.61 

10.86 

266.56 

180.31 

232.76 

1,771.92 

1,743.46 

1,791.48 

1,975.09 

14,790.49 

0.15 

0.11 

0.02 

19.73 

1,336.99 

1,373.75 

1,509.61 

10,329.11 

- 

30.29 

182.33 

2.48 

1.74 

- 

54.16 

167.10 

3.66 

2.07 

0.11 

560.90 

1,343.01 

13.64 

255.03 

125.20 

108.39 

952.60 

1.66 

1.80 

9.96 

ID - Social Infrastructures 

5.64 

ID - Human Capital 

ID - Enterprises Support 

ID - Natural Resources and 
Energy 
ID - Environment 

ID - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
ID - Territorial 
Development 
IL 

IL - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
IL - Transport 

IL - ICT 

- 

IL - Social Infrastructures 

162.69 

IL - Human Capital 

304.54 

IL - Enterprises Support 

IL - Natural Resources and 
Energy 
IL - Environment 

IL - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
IL - Territorial 
Development 
IN 

IN - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
IN - Transport 

IN - ICT 

- 

IN - Social Infrastructures 

36.25 

IN - Human Capital 

155.50 

4.35 

2.06 

96.10 

2.11 

IN - Enterprises Support 

IN - Natural Resources and 
Energy 
IN - Environment 

IN - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
IN - Territorial 
Development 
KS 

KS - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
KS - Transport 

109.97 

73.92 

128.27 

1,306.40 

667.73 

753.73 

716.21 

6,153.57 

- 

0.02 

- 

2.30 

466.52 

490.71 

494.17 

3,772.60 

KS - ICT 

- 

KS - Social Infrastructures  26.49 

KS - Human Capital 

KS - Enterprises Support 

KS - Natural Resources 
and Energy 

62.45 

1.49 

4.52 

- 

27.08 

69.27 

0.20 

3.00 

- 

31.14 

65.28 

- 

1.88 

- 

371.90 

540.89 

3.97 

133.57 

247 

 
 
KS - Environment 

KS - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
KS - Territorial 
Development 
KY 

KY - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
KY - Transport 

52.74 

1.22 

75.33 

1.91 

70.75 

0.21 

617.76 

5.60 

52.29 

86.21 

52.77 

704.99 

1,535.85 

1,469.60 

1,434.67 

10,694.44 

23.57 

0.57 

0.36 

118.62 

1,009.59 

1,049.63 

961.02 

6,938.39 

KY - ICT 

- 

KY - Social Infrastructures  72.48 

KY - Human Capital 

120.54 

- 

37.10 

142.30 

0.46 

1.77 

- 

87.75 

103.21 

- 

1.03 

3.76 

631.77 

997.22 

1.24 

159.42 

0.52 

2.19 

LA - ICT 

- 

LA - Social Infrastructures 

52.95 

KY - Enterprises Support 

KY - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
KY - Environment 

KY - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
KY - Territorial 
Development 
LA 

LA - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
LA - Transport 

LA - Human Capital 

LA - Enterprises Support 

LA - Natural Resources and 
Energy 
LA - Environment 

LA - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
LA - Territorial 
Development 
MA 

MA - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
MA - Transport 

MA - ICT 

- 

MA - Social Infrastructures  112.62 

MA - Human Capital 

161.87 

0.61 

4.35 

MA - Enterprises Support 

MA - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
MA - Environment 

MA - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
MA - Territorial 
Development 

180.73 

175.70 

154.50 

996.46 

1.87 

1.69 

1.04 

7.26 

124.35 

60.39 

125.76 

840.30 

2,718.88 

2,930.10 

2,257.40 

23,594.55 

2.59 

0.46 

0.32 

41.32 

1,164.09 

1,147.88 

1,041.05 

7,628.38 

- 

54.70 

121.84 

1.20 

1.95 

- 

82.56 

93.48 

- 

2.04 

89.39 

654.70 

918.50 

2.44 

206.16 

88.30 

0.85 

1.94 

403.99 

600.14 

316.74 

2,366.78 

0.80 

1.33 

1.70 

6.30 

1,003.37 

1,000.60 

719.50 

11,680.57 

1,603.36 

1,976.43 

1,702.24 

13,477.56 

2.75 

2.54 

1.27 

72.73 

1,084.77 

1,517.22 

1,139.16 

8,890.27 

- 

68.81 

162.63 

0.76 

3.02 

- 

106.52 

169.03 

0.09 

1.76 

52.82 

1,008.72 

1,210.87 

1.47 

221.40 

107.35 

109.14 

104.58 

1,101.45 

1.60 

0.96 

1.55 

7.13 

127.43 

111.33 

178.28 

910.70 

248 

 
 
MD 

1,240.89 

1,213.50 

1,394.97 

9,849.56 

MD - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
MD - Transport 

1.05 

0.05 

0.01 

20.13 

894.10 

831.61 

1,017.34 

6,542.11 

- 

42.28 

136.30 

- 

1.61 

102.37 

1.11 

- 

56.29 

125.41 

0.30 

1.21 

88.33 

3.08 

115.24 

594.10 

931.92 

1.89 

229.08 

803.27 

9.86 

MD - ICT 

- 

MD - Social Infrastructures  52.34 

MD - Human Capital 

119.55 

ME - ICT 

- 

ME - Social Infrastructures  14.86 

1.07 

1.85 

91.33 

1.41 

34.65 

0.24 

0.92 

43.33 

2.01 

MD - Enterprises Support 

MD - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
MD - Environment 

MD - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
MD - Territorial 
Development 
ME 

ME - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
ME - Transport 

ME - Human Capital 

ME - Enterprises Support 

ME - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
ME - Environment 

ME - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
ME - Territorial 
Development 
MI 

MI - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
MI - Transport 

MI - ICT 

- 

MI - Social Infrastructures 

60.29 

MI - Human Capital 

210.99 

2.41 

2.79 

MI - Enterprises Support 

MI - Natural Resources and 
Energy 
MI - Environment 

MI - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
MI - Territorial 
Development 
MN 

MN - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
MN - Transport 

78.19 

98.16 

102.98 

601.95 

409.59 

375.93 

441.34 

3,279.49 

- 

- 

0.73 

5.50 

281.14 

247.12 

289.77 

1,902.56 

- 

11.41 

39.86 

0.12 

0.78 

54.05 

0.64 

- 

18.93 

40.62 

0.11 

0.65 

49.71 

- 

1.36 

195.80 

321.91 

2.60 

137.57 

474.43 

5.94 

32.46 

21.94 

40.83 

231.82 

2,128.67 

2,166.80 

2,262.09 

17,218.06 

- 

0.14 

1.40 

25.82 

1,433.99 

1,450.41 

1,514.80 

10,413.78 

- 

46.07 

406.57 

2.86 

1.94 

- 

73.56 

281.81 

0.57 

1.01 

5.25 

1,087.14 

2,569.53 

8.44 

358.25 

235.03 

166.73 

180.62 

1,601.42 

5.01 

4.82 

0.05 

19.79 

178.15 

87.27 

208.27 

1,128.64 

1,284.25 

1,397.98 

1,429.99 

10,524.33 

2.06 

0.04 

0.09 

40.36 

888.73 

983.24 

1,024.92 

7,008.90 

MN - ICT 

0.04 

- 

- 

7.85 

249 

 
 
31.43 

137.85 

0.49 

4.28 

131.12 

1.13 

69.82 

105.22 

1.77 

4.66 

99.66 

0.45 

752.31 

947.63 

6.30 

191.01 

915.47 

14.28 

MN - Social Infrastructures  73.61 

MN - Human Capital 

113.24 

2.23 

5.63 

88.33 

4.00 

MN - Enterprises Support 

MN - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
MN - Environment 

MN - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
MN - Territorial 
Development 
MO 

MO - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
MO - Transport 

MO - ICT 

- 

MO - Social Infrastructures  47.56 

MO - Human Capital 

146.57 

1.03 

1.55 

35.78 

0.05 

0.79 

1.02 

0.39 

MO - Enterprises Support 

MO - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
MO - Environment 

MO - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
MO - Territorial 
Development 
MP 

MP - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
MP - Transport 

MP - Human Capital 

MP - Enterprises Support 

MP - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
MP - Environment 

MP - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
MP - Territorial 
Development 
MS 

MS - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
MS - Transport 

106.38 

108.42 

123.39 

640.20 

2,001.03 

1,774.84 

1,736.23 

14,390.30 

1.06 

0.32 

0.15 

14.55 

1,484.44 

1,117.93 

1,231.86 

9,688.33 

- 

32.23 

167.30 

1.06 

2.38 

- 

59.07 

151.27 

0.05 

3.99 

4.98 

669.19 

1,281.64 

2.28 

261.41 

184.64 

160.70 

175.44 

1,217.52 

9.06 

1.79 

1.46 

18.71 

125.12 

291.14 

112.93 

1,231.69 

105.12 

47.58 

356.95 

0.09 

- 

0.08 

0.46 

- 

0.14 

0.05 

8.99 

- 

0.04 

0.80 

- 

0.18 

0.89 

85.84 

- 

3.12 

8.66 

1.02 

27.78 

10.21 

12.93 

13.11 

59.47 

- 

- 

- 

- 

0.00 

58.52 

24.41 

170.18 

1,019.51 

1,131.83 

949.57 

8,262.55 

2.32 

0.65 

- 

14.87 

540.43 

749.05 

599.05 

4,691.39 

MP - ICT 

- 

MP - Social Infrastructures  0.30 

23.01 

32.90 

MS - ICT 

- 

MS - Social Infrastructures  29.61 

MS - Human Capital 

MS - Enterprises Support 

MS - Natural Resources 
and Energy 

98.52 

3.90 

1.31 

- 

20.48 

107.12 

4.26 

3.34 

- 

34.00 

90.63 

3.36 

2.83 

71.65 

351.62 

909.75 

20.69 

124.76 

250 

 
 
MS - Environment 

131.06 

129.06 

106.52 

926.82 

MS - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
MS - Territorial 
Development 
MT 

MT - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
MT - Transport 

0.86 

1.95 

2.01 

6.46 

211.49 

115.93 

111.17 

1,144.56 

724.76 

653.17 

797.28 

5,260.36 

- 

0.12 

0.11 

5.53 

582.01 

479.59 

630.66 

3,965.35 

0.41 

12.01 

39.72 

1.49 

0.33 

89.61 

1.52 

- 

14.37 

35.63 

1.06 

0.47 

91.02 

0.61 

3.41 

141.73 

285.34 

3.67 

61.42 

624.24 

7.45 

32.45 

28.36 

23.36 

162.21 

2,478.80 

1,977.01 

2,117.15 

15,863.54 

0.83 

0.19 

2.48 

12.11 

1,877.05 

1,416.55 

1,404.28 

10,558.18 

NC - ICT 

- 

NC - Social Infrastructures  89.51 

4.05 

71.74 

NC - Human Capital 

259.93 

238.79 

0.65 

1.91 

0.95 

1.73 

- 

122.59 

273.24 

- 

1.38 

22.90 

1,095.64 

1,993.65 

1.70 

272.00 

MT - ICT 

0.30 

MT - Social Infrastructures  9.52 

35.31 

0.96 

0.59 

61.84 

1.78 

MT - Human Capital 

MT - Enterprises Support 

MT - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
MT - Environment 

MT - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
MT - Territorial 
Development 
NC 

NC - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
NC - Transport 

NC - Enterprises Support 

NC - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
NC - Environment 

NC - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
NC - Territorial 
Development 
ND 

ND - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
ND - Transport 

ND - ICT 

- 

ND - Social Infrastructures  6.63 

ND - Human Capital 

ND - Enterprises Support 

ND - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
ND - Environment 

ND - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
ND - Territorial 
Development 

25.41 

0.05 

0.57 

44.08 

1.32 

109.84 

102.73 

154.95 

1,114.85 

5.76 

3.19 

0.31 

13.35 

133.33 

137.09 

157.92 

779.15 

587.45 

879.36 

678.50 

4,482.24 

0.07 

- 

0.05 

10.24 

331.83 

566.13 

510.90 

2,787.00 

- 

1.80 

26.98 

0.10 

0.33 

83.57 

1.11 

- 

5.39 

25.64 

0.31 

0.42 

75.71 

0.26 

- 

100.82 

198.11 

1.06 

66.95 

641.40 

6.08 

177.49 

199.33 

59.82 

670.58 

251 

 
 
NE 

603.70 

662.29 

527.26 

4,346.38 

NE - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
NE - Transport 

- 

0.12 

0.22 

6.02 

422.10 

444.79 

379.74 

2,831.91 

- 

14.32 

41.89 

1.17 

1.79 

54.80 

0.91 

- 

16.37 

40.68 

- 

4.06 

47.59 

0.54 

3.21 

205.89 

326.13 

4.99 

122.47 

449.62 

5.90 

NE - ICT 

- 

NE - Social Infrastructures  13.14 

38.53 

1.31 

5.24 

41.15 

2.12 

28.28 

0.64 

1.44 

79.08 

1.48 

NE - Human Capital 

NE - Enterprises Support 

NE - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
NE - Environment 

NE - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
NE - Territorial 
Development 
NH 

NH - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
NH - Transport 

NH - Human Capital 

NH - Enterprises Support 

NH - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
NH - Environment 

NH - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
NH - Territorial 
Development 
NJ 

NJ - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
NJ - Transport 

NH - ICT 

- 

NH - Social Infrastructures  14.04 

NJ - ICT 

- 

NJ - Social Infrastructures 

97.37 

NJ - Human Capital 

187.21 

NJ - Enterprises Support 

- 

NJ - Natural Resources and 
Energy 
NJ - Environment 

NJ - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
NJ - Territorial 
Development 
NM 

NM - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
NM - Transport 

80.10 

102.49 

38.06 

390.24 

329.41 

353.40 

402.76 

2,889.35 

- 

0.43 

4.28 

7.89 

176.07 

237.33 

274.15 

1,726.08 

- 

6.03 

31.18 

0.60 

0.79 

49.32 

0.59 

- 

12.57 

29.96 

0.37 

0.97 

44.71 

0.03 

- 

131.25 

236.02 

1.78 

101.64 

476.39 

3.39 

28.38 

27.14 

35.72 

204.91 

2,310.22 

2,416.13 

4,947.72 

19,689.47 

7.32 

0.04 

0.23 

23.36 

1,684.29 

1,595.35 

2,306.79 

12,338.93 

- 

81.80 

206.57 

0.06 

2.63 

15.35 

154.14 

175.91 

2.45 

1.04 

- 

118.20 

204.44 

0.25 

1.90 

194.14 

14.92 

44.74 

1,054.81 

1,478.91 

0.64 

299.98 

1,288.97 

22.72 

162.11 

352.73 

2,106.84 

3,136.41 

736.53 

712.43 

752.81 

5,474.01 

0.00 

- 

5.75 

14.04 

527.68 

507.28 

569.63 

3,737.45 

NM - ICT 

- 

- 

- 

52.34 

252 

 
 
9.33 

66.05 

0.26 

1.97 

88.40 

1.49 

14.72 

56.98 

0.17 

1.09 

52.75 

0.17 

175.21 

450.01 

0.89 

109.86 

677.83 

7.40 

NM - Social Infrastructures  12.59 

55.92 

0.08 

3.95 

99.47 

1.60 

72.46 

0.27 

3.49 

37.08 

0.92 

NM - Human Capital 

NM - Enterprises Support 

NM - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
NM - Environment 

NM - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
NM - Territorial 
Development 
NV 

NV - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
NV - Transport 

NV - Human Capital 

NV - Enterprises Support 

NV - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
NV - Environment 

NV - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
NV - Territorial 
Development 
NY 

NY - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
NY - Transport 

NV - ICT 

0.32 

NV - Social Infrastructures  14.10 

NY - ICT 

- 

NY - Social Infrastructures  375.55 

NY - Human Capital 

418.88 

NY - Enterprises Support 

NY - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
NY - Environment 

NY - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
NY - Territorial 
Development 
OH 

OH - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
OH - Transport 

35.24 

37.64 

51.54 

248.98 

571.52 

727.34 

636.18 

5,591.86 

3.09 

2.01 

- 

13.37 

414.95 

559.69 

468.01 

3,586.67 

0.43 

14.38 

81.88 

0.63 

2.68 

43.71 

1.68 

- 

12.54 

77.82 

- 

0.99 

59.54 

0.25 

2.47 

213.32 

514.30 

0.90 

130.35 

394.92 

523.06 

24.83 

20.24 

17.04 

212.50 

5,867.35 

6,799.03 

9,008.10 

46,557.79 

10.34 

1.26 

2.56 

124.70 

4,253.08 

4,410.37 

3,566.44 

27,917.60 

- 

341.92 

443.44 

7.23 

5.54 

- 

632.29 

445.43 

7.17 

5.27 

52.74 

4,046.03 

3,716.76 

24.84 

628.68 

9.53 

9.74 

382.74 

343.21 

353.45 

2,895.76 

1.14 

1.46 

5.63 

11.60 

406.36 

1,244.60 

3,989.83 

7,139.09 

2,721.54 

2,523.67 

2,749.41 

20,933.58 

1.04 

0.60 

0.88 

62.62 

1,807.81 

1,753.90 

1,875.67 

13,236.38 

OH - ICT 

- 

OH - Social Infrastructures  96.67 

OH - Human Capital 

288.26 

OH - Enterprises Support 

13.42 

OH - Natural Resources 
and Energy 

3.40 

- 

39.81 

330.88 

9.31 

1.68 

- 

96.65 

289.70 

6.80 

1.68 

2.16 

1,477.50 

2,528.88 

50.99 

343.62 

253 

 
 
OH - Environment 

329.89 

206.03 

185.68 

1,697.16 

OH - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
OH - Territorial 
Development 
OK 

OK - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
OK - Transport 

1.44 

0.51 

1.69 

8.65 

179.61 

180.96 

290.64 

1,525.62 

1,425.25 

1,238.09 

1,154.56 

10,102.65 

9.74 

2.43 

2.36 

54.52 

1,147.88 

957.72 

869.61 

7,516.06 

OK - ICT 

- 

OK - Social Infrastructures  33.52 

89.40 

1.43 

1.12 

64.36 

1.90 

91.71 

0.42 

1.22 

59.25 

2.86 

OK - Human Capital 

OK - Enterprises Support 

OK - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
OK - Environment 

OK - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
OK - Territorial 
Development 
OR 

OR - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
OR - Transport 

OR - Human Capital 

OR - Enterprises Support 

OR - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
OR - Environment 

OR - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
OR - Territorial 
Development 
PA 

PA - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
PA - Transport 

OR - ICT 

- 

OR - Social Infrastructures  41.01 

PA - ICT 

- 

PA - Social Infrastructures  164.64 

PA - Human Capital 

278.95 

2.39 

3.75 

PA - Enterprises Support 

PA - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
PA - Environment 

PA - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
PA - Territorial 
Development 

- 

16.76 

94.91 

0.98 

1.81 

91.13 

0.07 

- 

34.67 

89.96 

0.62 

1.94 

65.77 

3.82 

77.66 

358.05 

689.39 

3.54 

146.80 

715.18 

10.22 

75.90 

72.27 

85.81 

531.23 

1,039.74 

1,073.02 

1,130.81 

8,245.19 

5.81 

1.34 

0.31 

30.57 

787.00 

807.92 

816.21 

5,721.80 

0.02 

17.89 

89.96 

0.50 

1.02 

103.54 

1.73 

- 

55.04 

94.03 

0.05 

0.96 

95.40 

1.90 

15.24 

311.80 

793.41 

1.81 

176.14 

801.18 

10.79 

50.44 

49.10 

66.92 

382.43 

3,212.16 

3,369.56 

3,464.97 

26,026.61 

1.31 

0.46 

1.89 

42.20 

2,362.28 

2,361.12 

2,351.10 

17,487.42 

- 

124.18 

320.80 

4.71 

3.64 

- 

241.62 

299.88 

0.86 

3.27 

35.40 

2,035.98 

2,374.72 

8.32 

428.54 

158.31 

207.98 

230.01 

1,773.56 

3.96 

4.70 

1.41 

12.22 

236.58 

341.96 

334.93 

1,828.26 

254 

 
 
PR 

672.74 

640.25 

771.28 

5,163.07 

PR - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
PR - Transport 

- 

0.06 

- 

3.37 

262.95 

250.16 

343.19 

1,500.41 

- 

106.42 

136.24 

0.83 

1.03 

- 

204.82 

85.71 

0.35 

0.71 

77.92 

40.68 

- 

- 

- 

1,194.22 

1,252.88 

2.00 

124.80 

396.48 

0.01 

PR - ICT 

- 

PR - Social Infrastructures  121.07 

PR - Human Capital 

123.01 

PR - Enterprises Support 

0.65 

- 

55.82 

0.01 

PR - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
PR - Environment 

PR - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
PR - Territorial 
Development 
RI 

RI - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
RI - Transport 

RI - ICT 

- 

RI - Social Infrastructures 

15.71 

RI - Human Capital 

36.85 

RI - Enterprises Support 

- 

0.69 

38.34 

0.16 

RI - Natural Resources and 
Energy 
RI - Environment 

RI - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
RI - Territorial 
Development 
SC 

SC - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
SC - Transport 

SC - ICT 

- 

SC - Social Infrastructures  25.87 

SC - Human Capital 

130.30 

0.24 

1.32 

54.93 

1.75 

SC - Enterprises Support 

SC - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
SC - Environment 

SC - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
SC - Territorial 
Development 
SD 

SD - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
SD - Transport 

109.23 

67.59 

95.81 

688.91 

476.67 

396.77 

394.40 

3,080.85 

- 

0.03 

0.10 

2.40 

338.63 

267.01 

253.75 

2,023.31 

- 

16.84 

42.16 

0.40 

1.08 

48.37 

1.62 

- 

26.25 

39.26 

0.42 

0.43 

34.94 

4.21 

0.37 

183.95 

290.18 

1.22 

71.25 

313.80 

7.11 

46.29 

19.26 

35.06 

187.26 

1,179.56 

1,266.60 

1,394.25 

9,738.42 

1.09 

1.89 

2.38 

19.37 

917.96 

1,008.73 

1,043.70 

7,098.78 

- 

21.40 

148.19 

0.28 

0.48 

45.79 

1.10 

- 

44.19 

137.19 

- 

0.53 

93.90 

1.80 

15.78 

367.30 

1,123.68 

0.74 

161.71 

603.18 

7.59 

46.09 

38.75 

70.57 

340.29 

610.95 

519.26 

641.93 

3,941.19 

0.33 

0.08 

0.10 

1.90 

478.74 

395.97 

505.77 

2,836.47 

SD - ICT 

0.03 

- 

- 

1.75 

255 

 
 
SD - Social Infrastructures  16.13 

SD - Human Capital 

SD - Enterprises Support 

SD - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
SD - Environment 

SD - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
SD - Territorial 
Development 
TN 

TN - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
TN - Transport 

TN - Enterprises Support 

TN - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
TN - Environment 

TN - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
TN - Territorial 
Development 
TX 

TX - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
TX - Transport 

30.72 

0.17 

0.55 

31.96 

1.29 

9.73 

31.95 

0.22 

0.20 

52.93 

1.86 

29.24 

30.47 

- 

0.26 

49.19 

0.44 

147.50 

229.01 

0.45 

68.41 

376.81 

7.24 

51.04 

26.32 

26.46 

271.63 

1,590.05 

1,510.18 

1,654.87 

11,633.69 

1.10 

0.11 

0.02 

18.24 

1,029.28 

1,064.37 

1,198.33 

7,561.13 

- 

54.52 

170.12 

0.60 

1.15 

0.50 

1.50 

110.23 

146.24 

2.59 

1.36 

- 

118.18 

128.45 

- 

1.25 

90.43 

1.90 

0.56 

868.02 

1,233.38 

2.01 

205.79 

815.16 

10.33 

266.32 

71.72 

116.31 

919.07 

5,995.36 

6,368.03 

5,759.78 

49,022.78 

9.55 

10.91 

20.65 

112.69 

4,422.74 

4,703.15 

4,160.27 

31,001.97 

TN - ICT 

- 

TN - Social Infrastructures  65.58 

TN - Human Capital 

112.94 

TX - ICT 

0.10 

- 

TX - Social Infrastructures  89.43 

TX - Human Capital 

562.41 

84.99 

642.81 

0.77 

7.32 

- 

176.79 

657.04 

- 

6.42 

30.86 

1,810.18 

4,633.01 

2.21 

836.74 

1.08 

4.69 

TX - Enterprises Support 

TX - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
TX - Environment 

TX - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
TX - Territorial 
Development 
UM 

UM - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
UM - Transport 

UM - ICT 

UM - Social Infrastructures 

UM - Human Capital 

UM - Enterprises Support 

UM - Natural Resources 
and Energy 

284.66 

430.36 

302.85 

2,778.84 

3.14 

4.19 

0.57 

11.57 

617.56 

483.53 

435.18 

7,804.71 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

256 

 
 
UM - Environment 

UM - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
UM - Territorial 
Development 
UT 

UT - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
UT - Transport 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1,100.98 

924.40 

775.83 

6,479.54 

0.89 

1.66 

0.46 

14.27 

896.90 

737.67 

582.17 

4,731.66 

VA - ICT 

- 

VA - Social Infrastructures  53.61 

0.04 

60.28 

VA - Human Capital 

157.82 

164.77 

1.36 

3.81 

77.01 

0.68 

1.05 

74.01 

2.23 

- 

7.27 

70.98 

0.32 

0.69 

73.36 

0.83 

20.26 

188.44 

545.09 

1.92 

112.24 

652.79 

11.45 

42.43 

24.92 

39.75 

201.41 

1,887.23 

1,905.79 

1,938.03 

14,996.35 

0.99 

0.51 

0.27 

48.37 

1,467.03 

1,380.16 

1,487.62 

11,036.33 

- 

69.66 

161.64 

2.21 

2.49 

11.25 

774.80 

1,212.94 

12.37 

278.71 

914.03 

14.22 

2.76 

3.68 

1.66 

2.85 

104.98 

130.86 

104.60 

1.74 

1.84 

6.73 

94.63 

162.82 

102.82 

693.33 

52.76 

76.93 

76.14 

432.77 

- 

- 

- 

1.50 

14.33 

33.32 

42.32 

184.12 

- 

5.62 

4.62 

0.32 

0.16 

- 

10.15 

3.57 

- 

0.20 

5.56 

42.16 

35.16 

0.32 

21.80 

UT - ICT 

0.10 

UT - Social Infrastructures  35.05 

67.52 

0.88 

0.84 

53.96 

2.40 

UT - Human Capital 

UT - Enterprises Support 

UT - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
UT - Environment 

UT - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
UT - Territorial 
Development 
VA 

VA - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
VA - Transport 

VA - Enterprises Support 

VA - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
VA - Environment 

VA - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
VA - Territorial 
Development 
VI 

VI - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
VI - Transport 

VI - ICT 

- 

VI - Social Infrastructures 

6.53 

VI - Human Capital 

5.66 

VI - Enterprises Support 

- 

0.44 

VI - Natural Resources and 
Energy 
VI - Environment 

VI - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
VI - Territorial 
Development 

18.56 

15.82 

16.10 

79.84 

- 

- 

- 

- 

7.23 

17.07 

3.80 

62.31 

257 

 
 
VT 

396.61 

495.36 

418.06 

3,010.24 

VT - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
VT - Transport 

0.13 

0.13 

0.13 

13.47 

311.25 

367.98 

313.59 

2,071.42 

VT - ICT 

- 

VT - Social Infrastructures  4.85 

34.13 

0.86 

2.14 

36.66 

1.56 

VT - Human Capital 

VT - Enterprises Support 

VT - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
VT - Environment 

VT - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
VT - Territorial 
Development 
WA 

WA - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
WA - Transport 

- 

2.08 

30.31 

0.71 

0.20 

62.01 

0.96 

- 

5.93 

35.49 

0.62 

0.25 

40.99 

0.03 

33.39 

96.28 

233.56 

3.09 

65.85 

363.75 

3.68 

5.03 

30.97 

21.02 

125.75 

2,821.28 

2,038.27 

1,980.89 

15,648.94 

10.57 

1.02 

1.44 

109.17 

2,350.73 

1,551.34 

1,499.05 

11,275.36 

WA - ICT 

- 

WA - Social Infrastructures  35.31 

0.30 

33.07 

WA - Human Capital 

163.46 

173.34 

1.81 

1.97 

1.45 

2.39 

- 

55.61 

159.33 

- 

2.32 

28.83 

597.26 

1,291.29 

3.97 

247.18 

WI - ICT 

- 

WI - Social Infrastructures  62.56 

WI - Human Capital 

135.47 

WA - Enterprises Support 

WA - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
WA - Environment 

WA - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
WA - Territorial 
Development 
WI 

WI - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
WI - Transport 

WI - Enterprises Support 

WI - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
WI - Environment 

WI - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
WI - Territorial 
Development 
WV 

WV - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
WV - Transport 

159.98 

173.62 

164.71 

1,414.04 

2.57 

1.18 

0.11 

12.46 

94.87 

100.56 

98.32 

669.39 

1,339.11 

1,444.92 

1,452.11 

11,269.91 

0.07 

1.35 

1.60 

26.30 

924.43 

1,013.40 

1,056.78 

7,402.93 

- 

28.23 

140.08 

0.73 

1.92 

- 

42.20 

115.32 

- 

1.30 

26.15 

684.44 

1,064.11 

1.26 

170.34 

0.25 

2.59 

104.94 

188.07 

139.04 

1,099.13 

2.81 

6.83 

0.10 

11.48 

105.99 

64.32 

95.77 

783.76 

866.22 

954.62 

838.06 

6,769.29 

2.80 

0.51 

4.64 

37.06 

667.74 

683.73 

538.32 

4,443.60 

WV - ICT 

- 

- 

- 

128.82 

258 

 
 
WV - Social Infrastructures  22.72 

WV - Human Capital 

WV - Enterprises Support 

WV - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
WV - Environment 

WV - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
WV - Territorial 
Development 
WY 

WY - Applied R&D and 
Innovation  
WY - Transport 

72.47 

0.13 

0.53 

74.68 

0.65 

10.25 

65.06 

0.82 

0.83 

19.14 

70.77 

0.60 

0.90 

260.10 

537.57 

2.89 

94.16 

145.24 

124.38 

899.16 

0.44 

1.52 

5.61 

24.49 

47.75 

77.79 

360.31 

518.14 

582.58 

468.98 

3,555.27 

0.04 

0.11 

- 

1.85 

308.11 

351.80 

369.85 

2,335.75 

WY - ICT 

0.04 

- 

WY - Social Infrastructures  10.76 

20.77 

0.04 

0.70 

5.74 

24.66 

0.03 

0.37 

166.32 

192.30 

4.02 

7.34 

2.43 

5.13 

- 

3.84 

25.02 

- 

0.47 

61.38 

0.88 

1.05 

90.22 

154.54 

0.10 

76.33 

825.43 

10.41 

7.54 

59.60 

WY - Human Capital 

WY - Enterprises Support 

WY - Natural Resources 
and Energy 
WY - Environment 

WY - Touristic and Cultural 
Development  
WY - Territorial 
Development 
Total 

88,792.46  88,895.84  93,320.35  678,505.12 

Source: US Department of the Treasury, Authors’ calculation

259 

 
 
 
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doi: 10.2776/944989