COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT technical details on the outcome of the EU co-financed programmes for the eradication, control and monitoring of animal diseases and zoonosis over the period of 2005-2011
Date: 2014-03-05
Institutions: European Commission
Subjects: EU Member State, EU programme, EU statistics, animal disease, co-financing, veterinary inspection, zoonosis













EUR-Lex - 52014SC0055 - EN











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52014SC0055

COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT technical details on the outcome of the EU co-financed programmes for the eradication, control and monitoring of animal diseases and zoonosis over the period of 2005-2011 /* SWD/2014/055 final */









COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT
technical details on the outcome of the EU
co-financed programmes for the eradication, control and monitoring of animal
diseases and zoonosis over the period of 2005-2011
1.           Chapter I - List of acronyms
AD:     Aujeszky’s disease
ADNS:            Animal Disease
Notification System
AI:       Avian influenza
ASF:    African swine fever
BSE:    Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
BTV:   Bluetongue virus
CJD:    Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease
CSF:    Classical swine fever
DG:     Directorate General
DG SANCO:  DG for Health and Consumers
EBL:   Enzootic bovine leucosis
EC:      European Commission
ECDC:            European Centre for
Disease Prevention and Control
EFSA: European Food Safety Authority
EU:      European Union
FVO:   Food and Veterinary Office
GDP:   Gross Domestic Product
HP:      Highly pathogenic
HPAI: Highly pathogenic avian influenza
LPAI:  Low pathogenic avian influenza
MFF:   Multiannual Financial Framework
MS:     Member State
OBF:   Officially free of bovine
brucellosis
ObmF: Officially free of brucellosis
melitensis
OIE:    World Organisation for Animal
Health (Office International des Epizooties)
OTF:    Officially tuberculosis free
OV:     Oral vaccination
SCoFCAH:     Standing Committee on the Food
Chain and Animal Health
SRM:   Specified risk material
SVD:   Swine vesicular disease
TB:      Tuberculosis
TF:       Task Force
TSE:    Transmissible Spongiform
Encephalopathies
UK:     United Kingdom
vCJD:  Variant Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease
WHO: World Health Organisation
WTO
– SPS:   World Trade Organisation – Sanitary and Phytosanitary Agreement
2.           Chapter
II – Glossary
Co-funding
Co-funding is the financial contribution of
the Commission to EU Member States for control and eradication of certain
animal diseases and zoonosis.
Competent authority
A domestic government body made responsible
under that country’s national law for the control or regulation of a particular
area of legislation.
Compensation
Compensation means the financial
contribution from the Competent authority to the owner of the animals that have
been culled in the course of controlling or eradication of a particular
disease.
Control programme
Programme to obtain or maintain the
prevalence of an animal disease or zoonosis below a sanitary acceptable level.
Culling
Culling means the killing and destruction
or slaughter of animals as one of the measures in the course of controlling or
eradication of a particular disease under the authority of the Competent
Authority.
Disease case
A case is a defined confirmation of
infection in a particular animal or individual.
Disease status
Sanitary status of a defined animal
population in a country or region, defining the level of the burden of disease.
Eradication programme
Programme to result in biological
extinction of an animal disease or zoonosis and-or to obtain the free or
officially free-status of the territory according to EU legislation, where such
possibility exists.
Herd
An animal or group of animals kept on a
holding  as an epidemiological unit.
Incidence
The
incidence of a disease is the disease occurrence in new cases in a defined
population over a designated time period.
Monitoring programme
Programme to investigate an animal
population or subpopulation, and/or its environment (including wild reservoir
and vectors), to detect changes in the occurrence and infection patterns of an
animal disease or zoonosis.
Outbreak
An outbreak is an occurrence of a disease
in an animal or animal population, attributed to the same source of infection.
Prevalence
The prevalence of a disease is the disease
presence in a defined population (at animals or herd level) in a designated
time. 
Region
Part of a Member State's territory with a
regional governing structure and that is subject to inspection by the competent
authorities.
Reservoir
The reservoir is the animal where the
infectious pathogen normally resides, and therefore is the common source of
infection to other animals or humans.
Surveillance
Surveillance refers to activities to
collect and record data on specific diseases in defined populations over a
period of time, in order to assess the epidemiological evolution of the
diseases and the ability to take targeted measures for control and eradication.

Third country
Country that is not a EU Member State.
Vector
A vector is a source, mostly an insect or
tick, that can transmits certain infectious pathogens from one animal or human
to the other. 
Zoonosis 
An
infectious disease that is transmissible under natural conditions from animals
to humans.
3.           Chapter III - EU
payments for veterinary programmes (2005-2011)[1]
Table 1 Evolution of payments per MSs (2005-2011)
Source: DG Health and Consumers
Table 2 Evolution of payments per diseases (2005-2011)
 Source: DG Health and Consumers 
4.           Chapter IV - Cost-benefit analysis of veterinary
programmes over the period 2005-2011
1.           Transmissible
Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSEs)
Figure 1 Evolution of funding for TSE, BSE and SCRAPIE
EU co-financing
(2005-2011): € 523.257.275,91
MS(s) co-financed: EU 27 (compulsory programmes)
(Maximum) co-financing rate (up to a ceiling): 100% (testing), 50% (animals culled;
genotyping)
The TSE's
family includes diseases that can occur in humans[2]
as well as in animals[3] caused by an agent called prion (PrPres). Although the major
concern is the impact on public health -, BSE in cattle causes serious direct
and indirect losses, mainly through consumers mistrust and trade restrictions
Over 80% of
funding was provided for TSE monitoring, a necessary measure to ensure that the
disease continues to decline: as a consequence of the very substantial
reduction in new BSE cases, financial  requests for BSE eradication dropped for
most of the MSs.
Over the same period, the herd prevalence
in bovines also fell by over 90%.
Figure 2 Number of BSE positive cases (2005-2011)
Overall, EU funding for TSE decreased by
50% over the period, while the number of BSE positive cases decreased by more
than 95% (Figure 7): in 2011 only 28 positive cases were found.
There is no clear trend with regard to the
evolution of the overall prevalence of scrapie at the EU level. However, a
refined analysis shows that it differs widely from one MSs to the other, and
that positive evolutions can be observed in some MSs.
Figure 3 Evolution of overall prevalence of Scrapie in small ruminants in the EU
(2001-2011)
 
Source:
Report on the monitoring of ruminants for the presence of Transmissible
Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSEs) in the EU in 2011
2.           Bluetongue (BT)
Figure 4 Evolution of funding for Bluetongue
EU co-financing (2005-2011): €166.868.989,66
MS(s) co-financed: 25 MSs (EU-27 except Cyprus and UK)
(Maximum) co-financing rate (up to a ceiling):50% (monitoring, vaccination)
Figure 5 Bluetongue outbreaks in the EU
Bluetongue is a non-contagious vector viral
disease that affects sheep, cattle, goats and other ruminants. It does not
affect humans. At present, 24 serotypes of the virus are known. The principal,
most effective veterinary measure in response to bluetongue is vaccination. 
The total amount of funding during the period varies greatly between MSs,
depending on whether vaccination eligible for EU funding was applied, and
depending on the size of the ruminant
population in each MS.
 In 2009 and 2010 the level of co-funding
increased importantly due to the large scale vaccination programme launched in
these years against serotypes BTV-8 and BTV-1. Thanks to the proper
implementation of these measures co-funded by the EU over these two years, the
spread of the disease was limited and a sharp reduction in the number of
outbreaks was observed, as illustrated in Figure 10. In 2011, due to the
significant improvement of the epidemiological situation, vaccination campaigns
became voluntary in most MSs, thus leading to a great reduction of EU financial
contribution. 
3.           Bovine
Tuberculosis (TB)
               
Figure 6 Evolution of funding for Tuberculosis
EU co-financing (2005-2011): €181.582.294,74
MS(s )co-financed: Cyprus (2005), Estonia (2006), Italy, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Ireland (since 2009), UK (since 2010)
(Maximum) co-financing rate (up to a ceiling):50% (testing,
slaughtering/culling)
Tuberculosis is a bacterial disease of both
humans[4] and animals. The presence of this disease has a serious impact on
trade, therefore the achievement of 'officially-free status', is a crucial
objective of bovine tuberculosis eradication measures. 
Bovine tuberculosis is slow and difficult
to tackle, but there are success stories where clear progress can be
demonstrated, also due to EU co-financing (see section 3.3).
Co-financing provided by the Commission
significantly increased since 2007.  Epidemiological data for co-funded MSs
indicate that over the period considered, progress have been made in the
eradication of the disease with clear decreasing of the prevalence at herd  and
animal level. Nevertheless a noticeable increase was observed in the period
2008-2009: it can be partly attributed to increase detection via a large
number of additional gamma-interferon tests[5]
carried out and, the strict interpretation of the IDTB test[6](mainly in Spain).  This is reflected in the upward trend in
co-financing during these years.
Figure 7 Evolution of Prevalence herds, incidence herds and Prevalence animals
in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain (2007-2011)
From 2009, TB programmes were co-financed
also in Ireland   and from 2010 in the UK.  In both countries the
prevalence/incidence of the disease remained still high also possibly due to
the presence of the wildlife reservoirs. A slight reduction in herd prevalence
has been observed in Ireland, coming down from over 5,27% in 2009 to 4.37% in
2011. Some minor improvements were observed in the UK, where the herd
prevalence decreased from 14,4% in 2010 to 13,8%  in 2011, but the situation 
remain quite worrying.
Given the fact that eradication of TB is a
long-term process, no conclusion can be drawn from a three/two year
co-financing period.
4.           Bovine Brucellosis
Figure 8 Evolution of funding for Bovine Brucellosis
EU co-financing (2005-2011): €70.828.792,13
MS(s) co-financed: Cyprus, Ireland (until 2009), Italy, Malta (2009-2010), Portugal, Spain, UK
(Maximum) co-financing rate (up to a ceiling):50% (testing, vaccination, slaughtering/culling)
Bovine Brucellosis is a bacterial disease
of cattle that can also affect human. It is mainly concentrated in the South of
Europe:  Italy, Portugal, Spain, Cyprus as well as in Ireland and the UK (Northern Ireland). Vaccination is one of the main tool to eradicate the disease.
To be noticed that  in the Azores the implementation of the vaccination
programme yielded excellent results with herd prevalence dropping from over 3%
in 2006 to just over 1% in 2011. 
During the years 2005-2011, the major
beneficiaries of EU co-financing were countries with higher prevalence of the
disease and higher volume of cattle production. The amount invested by the EU
to the MSs under consideration decreased over the period considered, in line
with the decreasing (or at least low level) of the prevalence at herd and
animal levels in most countries (Cyprus, North-Central Italy, Ireland[7], Spain, and UK).
Figure 9 Evolution of Bovine Brucellosis Herd Prevalence Rate, Animal Prevalence
Rate and Herd incidence Rate (2005-2011)
The high herd and animal prevalence
observed in Italy in 2007 and 2008 is mainly due to the intensive testing
regime implemented to tackle the disease in the Southern regions of Italy, especially in   Campania.
Figure 15
Evolution of Bovine and Buffalo[8] Brucellosis Herd Prevalence Rate (%) in MSs
with Co-Funded Programmes 2005-2011 
5.           Rabies 
Figure 16
Evolution of funding Rabies
EU co-financing (2005-2011): € 64.547.503,68
MS(s) co-financed: Austria, Bulgaria (since 2009), Czech Republic (until 2009), Estonia, Finland, Germany (until 2009), Hungary (since 2007), Italy (2011), Latvia (since 2006),  Lithuania (since 2007), Poland, Romania (2011), Slovakia, Slovenia
(Maximum) co-financing rate (up to a ceiling): 50% (purchase and distribution of
vaccines, laboratory tests); 75% from 2010.
Rabies is a viral fatal disease that can
affect both animals and humans and was previously much present across Europe. In the EU, human cases are nowadays rare due to the disappearance of urban rabies,
the improvement of the situation in wildlife and the systematic application of
post-exposure treatment in cases of contact of humans with suspect animals.
A consistent upward trend in funding can be
observed over the period 2005-2011. This increase can be attributed to the
extension of the annual wildlife vaccination coverage area in co-funded MS and
the increase co-financing rate (75%) from 2010.
The total amount of funding during the
period varies between MSs, according to the size of the area covered by the
vaccination programme in each MS. Poland, the recipient of the largest amount
of funding, has carried out vaccination covering the whole territory of the
country (around 282,000 km2), while Finland, which received
relatively small amounts, has regularly implemented oral vaccination programmes
in a focused area of 4000 Km2 area along the Finnish-Russian south
east border.
Figure 17 Number of Rabies Outbreaks in the EU
Source: WHO
Bulletin Rabies, EU
Thus, the EU co-financing cost are- limited
compared to the overall benefits of the eradication of a serious and nearly
always fatal zoonosis. Apart from the prevented human deaths, a significant
saving for a rabies-free country is the reduced need for post-exposure
treatment for humans being bitten by animals, which is extremely expensive.  
Between 2008 and 2009, five cases of rabies
in humans were reported by four EU MSs, and of these three were indigenous
(this is the first time since the year 2000 that an indigenous case of human
rabies has occurred in the EU mainland territory and appears to be related to
the fact that rabies is still prevalent in wildlife in Romania (EFSA-ECDC,
2011). Despite the low number of human cases, the continued incidence in Europe indicates the need for maintaining the effort to monitor the disease.
The observed reductions are therefore the
direct result of these successful oral vaccination campaigns.
6.           Ovine and Caprine Brucellosis
Figure 18
Evolution of funding for Ovine and Caprine Brucellosis
EU co-financing (2005-2011): € 54.741.391,15
MS(s) co-financed: Cyprus, France (until 2007), Greece, Italy, Portugal, Spain
(Maximum) co-financing rate (up to a ceiling): 50% (testing, vaccination, slaughtering /
culling)
Brucellosis in ovine and caprine, is a
bacterial disease of small ruminants that can also affect human. It is mainly
concentrated in the South of Europe. The EU funding decreased steadily over the
period in line with the decreasing prevalence of the disease, while the
increase in funding in 2011 is due to the new co-funding rules to increase
financial support to the MSs concerned. 
Between 2005 and 2011, the implementation
of the eradication programmes in Northern and Central Italy, Spain and Cyprus made good progress in eradicating the disease, with the exception of Greece and Southern Italy, where the herd prevalence levels remained significantly high throughout
the period (figure 19).
Figure 19
Evolution of Ovine and Caprine Brucellosis herd prevalence in MSs with
co-funded programmes, 2005-2011 
 Source: DG SANCO
In the case of Greece, the Commission approved programmes during the period 2005- 2007 and in 2009 (in 2008 and
2010 Greece did not submit a brucellosis eradication
programme for
sheep and goats) but no payments were made due to the poor implementation of
the programme. Measures applied to tackle ovine and caprine brucellosis, were
not satisfactory in southern Italy either, where particular implementation
issues of the programmes, specially very limited vaccination coverage, adversely
affected their performance. As a consequence, the Commission imposed financial
reduction of the approved budget for the region of Sicily for the years since
2007.
7.           Salmonella
Figure 20
Evolution of payments for Salmonella
EU co-financing (2005-2011): €50.682.868,91
MS(s) co-financed: 25 MSs (EU-27 except Finland and Sweden)
(Maximum) co-financing rate (up to a ceiling): 50%
Salmonellosis is an important zoonosis
which can cause regular outbreaks with significant morbidity and mortality. 
Salmonella programmes cover four different
categories: breeders, laying hens, broilers and turkeys.  The programme data
available across the different flock types varies in extent and
comprehensiveness.  
The EU co-financing for salmonellosis
control has noticeably increased since 2007, when the implementation of control
programmes became (gradually, for the different categories) mandatory including
harmonised testing scheme with intensified monitoring. 
When comparing funding between EU MSs,
there are significant differences. MSs with an intensive poultry industry have
generally more programmes for the four categories under salmonella control.
Figure 21 Evolution of prevalence of five targeted
serovars in breeding flocks during the production period in the EU 2007-2011
Figure 22 Number
of Reported Confirmed Cases of Human Salmonella in the EU
Source: EFSA
and ECDC -The EU Summary Report on Trends and Sources of Zoonoses, Zoonotic
Agents and Food-borne Outbreaks in 2010
Data from EFSA also indicate continuous
progress made in combating the S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium,
which are the most important serovars also affecting humans: prevalence had
declined in most MSs over the period. 
Epidemiological data since 2004 clearly
show that there has been a substantial and steady decline in the reported cases
in humans across all 27 MSs. The drop is approximately 49% between 2004 and
2011, from 196,000 cases to 99,020.
5.           Chapter
V - Payments’ value (2005-2011)
Number of
payments and amount of payments (progressive thresholds) made in the period
2005-2011 under EU co-financed veterinary programmes.
 Source: DG Health and Consumers
 Source: DG Health and Consumers
 
Source: DG
Health and Consumers

6.           Chapter
VI - Evolution of funding per MSs
(minor recipients) 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Source: DG
Health and Consumers 
7.           Chapter
VII - Evolution of
funding for programmes not included under point 4
 
 
  Source: DG Health and Consumers
8.           Chapter
VIII – Economic figures
Production value (at basic prices) of
the four key livestock sector over the years 2005-2011
Cattle
Pigs
Sheep and Goats
Poultry
Source:
Eurostat (Economic accounts for agriculture)
Source:
Eurostat 
9.           Chapter IX - Status of EU MSs in relation to certain
animal diseases and countries or regions recognised
as officially free from certain animal diseases 
              
Bovine
Tuberculosis
Legal basis: CD
2003/467/EC as last by CIDs 2011/277/EU and 2011/675/EU.
Status of countries regarding bovine
tuberculosis, 2011
Source: The European
Union Summary Report on Trends and Sources of Zoonoses, Zoonotic Agents and
Food-borne Outbreaks in 2011 (EFSA and ECDC)
Bovine
Brucellosis
Legal basis: CD 2003/467/EC as last amended
by CID 2011/277/EU
Status of countries regarding bovine
brucellosis, 2011
Source: The
European Union Summary Report on Trends and Sources of Zoonoses, Zoonotic
Agents and Food-borne Outbreaks in 2011 (EFSA and ECDC)
Ovine and Caprine Brucellosis (Brucella melitensis)
Legal basis:
CD 93/52/EC as last amended by CID 2011/277/EU.
Status of
countries regarding ovine and caprine brucellosis, 2011
Source: The
European Union Summary Report on Trends and Sources of Zoonoses, Zoonotic
Agents and Food-borne Outbreaks in 2011 (EFSA and ECDC)
Rabies
Evolution of rabies cases in wildlife in
the EU, 1992 and 2011
               1992                                              
2011
        
Source:
WHO-Rabies Bulletin Europe 
Bluetongue
 Evolution
of Bluetongue outbreaks in the EU, 2007 and 2011
ADNS[9]
10.         Chapter
X – REFERENCES
- Council Regulation (EC, Euratom) No
1605/2002 of 25 June 2002 on the Financial Regulation applicable to the general
budget of the European Communities 
 OJ L 248, 16.9.2002, p. 1–48
- Financial decisions approving
co-financing programmes 
http://ec.europa.eu/food/animal/diseases/index_en.htm
- Food Chain Evaluation Consortium (FCEC),
2011. "Report on the outcome of the EU co-financed animal disease
eradication and monitoring programmes in the MS and the EU as a whole: Final
Report for DG SANCO";
http://ec.europa.eu/food/animal/diseases/eradication/docs/fcec_report_ah_eradication_an
d_monitoring_programmes.pdf
- ICF – GHK, April 2013. Evaluation of the
Eradication, Monitoring and Control Programmes for Animal Diseases. Final
report.
- Annual Report on notifiable disease of
bovine animals and swine 2011, 2010, 2009, 2008
(http://ec.europa.eu/food/animal/liveanimals/bovine/docs/final_report_2011_en.pdf)
- Annual Reports on surveillance for avian
influenza in poultry and wild birds in the EU in 2007- 2011
http://ec.europa.eu/food/animal/diseases/controlmeasures/avian/eu_resp_surveillance_en.htm
- Presentations at Standing Committee on
the Food Chain and Animal Health (SCoFCAH), 2008-2009-2010
Other Sources:
- Animal Disease Notification System (ADNS)
(https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/ADNS/sec/?event=sec.login)
- EFSA and ECDC -The EU Summary Report on
Trends and Sources of Zoonosis, Zoonotic
Agents and Food-borne Outbreaks in
2005-2006-2007-2008-2009-2010-2011
- WHO Rabies bulletin (http://www.who-rabies-bulletin.org/Queries/Surveillance.aspx)
Legislation:
- Council Decision 2009/470 on expenditure
in the veterinary field. OLJ L155, 18.6.2009, pp. 30-44
- Communication from the Commission to the
Council, the European Parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee
and the Committee of Regions COM 539 (2007) final - A new Animal Health
Strategy for the European Union (2007-2013) where “Prevention is better than
cure”
Bovine Brucellosis/Bovine Tuberculosis
- Council Directive 77/391/EEC introducing
Community measures for the eradication of brucellosis, tuberculosis and
leucosis in cattle. OJ L 145, 13.6.1977, pp. 44-47.
- Council Directive 78/52/EEC establishing
the Community criteria for national plans for the accelerated eradication of
brucellosis, tuberculosis and enzootic leucosis in cattle. OJ L 015,
19.01.1978, pp. 34-41.
Bluetongue
- Council Directive 2000/75/EC laying down
specific provisions for the control and eradication of bluetongue. OJ L 327,
22.12.2000, pp. 74-83.
- Commission Regulation (EC) No 1266/2007
on implementing rules for Council Directive 2000/75/EC as regards the control,
monitoring, surveillance and restrictions on movements of certain animals of
susceptible species in relation to bluetongue. OJ L 283, 27.10.2007, pp. 37-53.
- Commission Decision 2009/560/EC approving
certain amended programmes for the eradication and monitoring of animal
diseases and zoonosis for the year 2009 and amending  Decision 2008/897/EC as
regards the reallocation of the Community’s financial contribution to certain
Member States for programmes approved by that Decision and by Decision
2009/560/EC. OJ L 194, 25.7.2009, pp. 56-60.
TSE
- Regulation (EC) No 999/2001 of the
European Parliament and of the Council of 22 May 2001 laying down rules for the
prevention, control and eradication of certain TSEs. OJ L 147, 31.5.2001, pp.
1–40
Avian Influenza
- Commission Decision 2010/367/EC of 25
June 2010 on the implementation by Member States of surveillance programmes for
avian influenza in poultry and wild birds. OJ L 166, 1.7. 2010, pp. 22-33.
- Commission Decision 2007/268/EC of 13
April 2007 on the implementation of surveillance programmes for avian influenza
in poultry and wild birds to be carried out in the MS and amending Decision
2004/450/EC. OJ L 115, 3.5.2007, pp. 3–17.
- Council Directive of 20 December 2005 on
Community measures for the control of avian influenza and repealing Directive
92/40/EEC. OJ L 10, 14.1.2006, pp. 16–65.
Rabies
- Council Directive of 26 June 1964 on
animal health problems affecting intra-Community trade in bovine animals and
swine. OJ L 120, 13.5.1975, pp. 13–13.
Salmonella
- Council Directive 92/117/EEC of 17
December 1992 concerning measures for protection against specified zoonosis and
specified zoonotic agents in animals and products of animal origin in order to
prevent outbreaks of food-borne infections and intoxications. OJ L 62,
15.3.1993, pp. 38–48.
- Regulation (EC) No 2160/2003 of the
European Parliament and of the Council of 17 November 2003 on the control of
salmonella and other specified food-borne zoonotic agents. OJ L 325,
12.12.2003, pp.1-15.
- Commission Regulation (EC) No 1177/2006
of 1 August 2006 implementing Regulation (EC) No 2160/2003 of the European
Parliament and of the Council as regards requirements for the use of specific
control methods in the framework of the national programmes for the control of
salmonella in poultry. OJ L 212, 2.8.2006, pp. 3–5.
- Commission Decision 2004/665/EC of 22
September 2004 concerning a baseline study on the prevalence of salmonella in
laying flocks of Gallus gallus. OJ L 303, 30.9.2004, pp. 30–34.
Classical Swine Fever
- Council Directive 2001/89/EC of 23
October 2001 on Community measures for the control of classical swine fever. OJ
L 316 of 1.12.2001, pp. 5-26.
- Council Directive 77/391/EEC introducing
Community measures for the eradication of brucellosis, tuberculosis and
leucosis in cattle. OJ L 145, 13.6.1977, pp. 44-48.
African Swine Fever
- 2011/852/EU Commission Implementing
Decision of 15 December 2011 amending Decision 2005/363/EC concerning animal
health protection measures against African swine fever in Sardinia, Italy. OJ L
335, 17.12.2011, pp. 109-110.
Swine Vesicular Disease
- Council Directive 92/119/EEC of 17
December 1992 introducing general Community measures for the control of certain
animal diseases and specific measures relating to swine vesicular disease. OJ L
62, 15.3.1993, pp. 69–86.
- Commission Directive 2007/10/EC of 21
February 2007 amending Annex II to Council Directive 92/119/EEC as regards the
measures to be taken within a protection zone following an outbreak of swine
vesicular disease. OJ L 63, 1.3.2007, pp. 24–25
- Commission Decision 2008/185/EC of 21
February 2008 on additional guarantees in intra- Community trade of pigs
relating to Aujeszky’s disease and criteria to provide information on this
disease. OJ L 59, 4.3.2008, pp. 19-21.
- Commission Decision of 1 February 2002
approving a Diagnostic Manual establishing diagnostic procedures, sampling
methods and criteria for evaluation of the laboratory tests for the
confirmation of classical swine fever. OJ L 39, 9.2.2002, pp. 71–88.
Aujesky's Disease
- Commission Decision 2008/185/EC on
additional guarantees in intra-Community trade of pigs relating to Aujeszky’s
disease and criteria to provide information on this disease. OJ L 59,
04.03.2008, pp. 34-45.
- Council Decision 2006/965/EC amending
Decision 90/424/EEC on expenditure in the veterinary field. OJ L 397,
30.12.2006, pp. 22-27. Enzootic Bovine Leukosis
- Commission Decision 2003/467/EC
establishing the official tuberculosis, brucellosis, and
enzootic-bovine-leukosis-free status of certain Member States and regions of
Member States as regards bovine herds. OJ L 104, 24.4.2009, pp. 51-57.
[1] Some payments for 2011 programmes are still to be
completed, therefore figures for 2011 are slightly underestimated.
[2] Creutzfeldt Jakob's Disease (CJD)
[3] Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) in
cattle, scrapie in small ruminants (sheep and goats)
[4] Humans can be infected mainly through contaminated food (raw
non-pasteurized milk and milk products) or through direct contacts with
infected animals (farmers and abattoir workers.
[5] Gamma-interferon test is used in addition to the skin tests to increase sensitivity of the animal testing.
[6] The intradermal tuberculin (IDTB)
test.
[7] Officially free since 2009
[8] In Italy only
[9] ADNS is a reporting
system for registration and documentation of a number of individual features on
outbreaks of important animal diseases (see Annex II for the list of notifiable
animal diseases).