REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL ON THE FINAL EVALUATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE COMMUNITY STATISTICAL PROGRAMME 2008-2012
Date: 2013-12-13
Institutions: European Commission
Subjects: EU statistics, Eurostat, disclosure of information, statistical method













EUR-Lex - 52013DC0883 - EN











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52013DC0883

REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL ON THE FINAL EVALUATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE COMMUNITY STATISTICAL PROGRAMME 2008-2012 /* COM/2013/0883 final */









REPORT FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE
EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL
ON THE FINAL EVALUATION OF THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE COMMUNITY STATISTICAL PROGRAMME 2008-2012
1.           Introduction
Decision No 1578/2007/EC[1] of the European
Parliament and of the Council on the Community Statistical Programme 2008 to
2012 (CSP) was adopted on 11 December 2007. 
Article 6 of the Decision states that ‘At the
end of the period covered by the programme, the Commission, after consulting
the Statistical Programme Committee, shall present an evaluation report on the
implementation of the programme, taking into account the views of independent
experts. That report shall be completed by the end of 2013 and subsequently
submitted to the European Parliament and the Council.’.
Article 6 adds that ‘Reporting on the outcome
of reprioritisation, including estimations of costs and burdens for statistical
projects and fields covered by this statistical programme, as well as an
assessment of emerging statistical needs, in particular for new Community
policies, shall form part of the intermediate progress report and the final
evaluation report.’.
This document constitutes the required final
evaluation report and is based on a report by an external evaluation company
and on the mid-term evaluation report. Chapter 2 summarises the CSP’s main
achievements, chapter 3 presents the outcome of the reprioritisation and chapter
4 the implementation of Eurostat’s Vision communication[2], a major new initiative
that, although issued after the CSP was adopted, reshaped the activities in
2010-12 and is also relevant for going forward. Chapter 5 presents considerations
on the recommendations made by the external consultant.
The executive summary of the final report of
the external consultant can be found at http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/quality/documents/Report_expert.pdf.
2.           Main Achievements of the
Programme
This chapter focuses on the achievements gained
over the course of the programme and covers all its objectives.
Summary
The CSP contains over 130 objectives, the
majority of which achieved a high degree of implementation. Institutional
objectives and those aiming to improve the legislative framework had the
highest degree of achievement, — 100 % and 95 % respectively of their
objectives could be considered achieved — while some 10 % of the
production-related objectives were not adequately achieved. More detailed
information can be found in the executive summary of the report of the external
consultant. As regards these objectives, account must be taken of the fact that
European statistics are based on those produced by Member States (MSs), with
the result that the realization of some objectives suffer from the constraints
in terms of production processes and resources available in the MSs. Resources
also had to be redeployed to meet new statistical needs that emerged during the
CSP period, particularly in the areas of macroeconomic and social statistics
due to the financial crisis.
The financial implementation was generally good,
showing a trend towards increased efficiency.
Cross-cutting issues
The role of statistics in European
integration
The process of preparing the new European system
of accounts (ESA 2010) culminated in the adoption of the ESA 2010 Regulation by
the European Parliament (EP) and the Council in May 2013[3], and the implementation
of the NACE Rev. 2 classification advanced considerably. A Union register of
multinational enterprise groups is expected to be completed by end of 2013 and is
already being used by some MSs. Statistical and IT standards for the exchange
of data and metadata became increasingly available within the European
Statistical System (ESS), e.g. the Statistical Data and Metadata eXchange
(SDMX) standards, and the ESS Metadata Handler
was developed for the production and dissemination of harmonised ESS metadata. Internet
usage steadily increased, also for purposes other than data dissemination.
Policies and tools for harmonised confidentiality management in the ESS were
developed. The portal for Cooperation among Researchers and Official
Statisticians is being used to store the results of research in official
statistics and open source software tools such as ‘Demetra’ and ‘R’ were
promoted and made available on the Open Source Observatory and Repository
website.
Relations with stakeholders
The ESS
The ESS Committee (ESSC) endorsed a revised
version of the European Statistics Code of Practice (CoP) in 2011 and updated
the ESS Quality Assurance Framework (v1.1) at the end of 2012. The European
Statistical Governance Advisory Board reports annually to the European Parliament
and the Council on the implementation of the CoP. The European Statistical
Training Programme was developed annually as part of a long-term strategy.
Cooperation with users
The creation of the European Statistical
Advisory Committee (ESAC) helped to improve communication with different types
of users. A general Eurostat user satisfaction survey was conducted in 2009 and
has been carried out annually since 2011. User surveys were also carried out
for specific domains subject to a rolling review. User satisfaction was also
assessed through personal contacts with users, such as in working groups and
the hearings inside the Commission.
Technical cooperation with third countries
and cooperation with international organisations
Eurostat collected and published a wide range
of data for the enlargement process and, to a lesser extent, for the European Neighbourhood
countries. They were produced with the help of regional cooperation programmes
implemented by Eurostat.
Instruments
Better regulation and the balance of costs
and benefits
There has been an increase in the number of
domains now governed by legislation (energy, environmental accounts) in order to
ensure timely and complete data transmission by MSs. Moreover, the basic legal
act – Regulation on European Statistics[4]
– was adopted. By the end of CSP, further amendments to this act were proposed
and the legislative procedure was initiated. Proposals for simplifying and
recasting legislation were submitted in the domains of energy, transport,
Intrastat, structural business statistics (SBS), agriculture, tourism and
statistical returns on carriage of goods by road. Some changes are already in
place, for example for Intrastat, agriculture, transport and tourism. More
details are given in the section of statistical domains per title. A priority
setting mechanism in the ESS was developed, based on a strategy-driven
approach, but measuring burden and costs proved to be difficult as they are not
calculated by all MSs in a systematic or homogenous way for all statistical
fields. More information can be found in the chapter on reprioritisation.
Compliance monitoring
Regular compliance monitoring for enhancing the
quality of European statistics was implemented.
Increased ability to respond to users’ needs
Exploratory work to combine different
statistical sources was completed by merging data from different surveys (e.g.
Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) and SBS to estimate ICT
impact, statistical matching of social surveys, trade and business data, and
greenhouse gas emissions from energy and aviation). Such combination is
routinely carried out by several MSs with administrative and survey data. The
use of ad-hoc modules was extended in the areas of social and business
statistics in order to increase responsiveness to new user needs.
Financial support for the programme period
A financing decision was adopted annually for
the operational implementation of the work programme. The financial execution
of the available credits was satisfactory and monitored at central level. The
grant policy was oriented towards projects with a European dimension, in particular
multi-beneficiary grant agreements. Since 2011 interested beneficiaries have
had the option of using standard scales of unit costs by staff category and a
flat rate for indirect costs.
Utilising partners’ expertise for Union purposes
New types of collaborative networks (ESSnets)
were developed to share expertise and channel knowledge and resources in the
ESS. They encompass project work performed by some MSs, with the results being
made available for the entire ESS and being used in many domains. A new policy
was adopted by the ESSC in 2012 that emphasised embedding ESSnets projects in
the ESS.VIP (Vision infrastructure projects) programme and establishing Centres
of Competence.
Dissemination
Following the launch of the revamped website in
2009 with new sections such as ‘Statistics Explained’ and improved
functionalities, in 2010 a new dissemination chain was put in place. It was
based on a common reference database used by all statistical domains at
Eurostat, thereby improving efficiency and facilitating the integration of
statistics across different domains. The number of downloads has been steadily increasing.
The Census Hub is a valuable experience of collaboration across the ESS for
dissemination based on common standards.
Cross-sectional activities
The Europe 2020 strategy replaced the Lisbon strategy and Eurostat published new indicators to replace the structural
indicators. The list of sustainable development indicators (SDIs) was updated. The
GDP and beyond initiative has led to improvements and the production of new
indicators in a number of statistical areas, in particular economic, social and
environmental statistics. Among others, the initiative was a stimulus to
elaborate the set of quality of life indicators. Quality profiles of European
indicators were developed and made available. Dissemination was improved with
the creation of Statistics explained pages on SDIs and of a Europe 2020
indicators web page.
Support was provided for the enlargement and to
the European Neighbourhood countries to strengthen their statistical systems
for building sustainable capacity to produce good quality statistics, in line
with European standards serving the needs of evidence-based policy decisions.
Statistical domains per title
Free movement of goods: New legislation was adopted in 2009 for Intrastat[5], introducing new
exemption thresholds which enable MSs to significantly reduce the response
burden on enterprises. Methods and tools for better integration of the
different types of statistical information required from businesses were
developed in the Modernisation of European Enterprise and Trade Statistics
(MEETS) programme[6].
In September 2010, the task force on the reconciliation between Balance of
Payments (BoP) and International Trade Statistics (ITS) issued its final report.
In 2012 the SIMSTAT (Single Market Statistics) project was launched containing
several simplification measures, in particular the proposal to enable the
exchange of micro-data (enterprise level data) on intra-EU exports in goods
between MSs.
Agriculture: The legislative bases for agricultural statistics (census, farm
structure survey (FSS)[7],
agricultural production[8],
livestock and meat statistics[9])
were adopted and/or updated. Data from the 2007 FSS sample survey and from the
agricultural census 2009/10 were published on Eurostat’s website. Data on
production (crops, livestock) and rural and agro-environmental indicators were
released. With a view to simplification, it was decided not to collect
information on the income of the agricultural households sector at a harmonised
EU level, due to the difficulty for MSs to produce comparable statistics and to
high costs and the response burden. Efforts were made to meet the statistical
information needs for the Commission’s maritime policy. A Regulation on permanent
crops[10],
simplifying previous legislation, was adopted.
Free movement of persons, services and capital: The NACE Rev. 2 was implemented. Key legislations on BoP[11], ITS, foreign direct
investment and foreign affiliates (FATS)[12]
was implemented and updated. Data on the internationalisation of R&D were
the subject of feasibility studies. The methodology for statistics on residence
permits was developed and implemented.
Justice, freedom and security: Implementing measures on migration and asylum statistics were
completed in 2010[13].
An ad-hoc module on the labour market integration of migrants was conducted. The
2011 Action Plan for measuring crime in the EU established the need to
complement the available data with statistics on victims and an EU victimisation
survey was proposed.
Transport: The legal basis for transport statistics was consolidated and a
modal split indicator (road, rail, inland waterways) was made available. Some
initial data on urban transport and additional performance indicators were
published but not intermodal transport indicators. The Regulation on Maritime
Transport statistics was simplified[14].
Economic and monetary policy: Eurostat contributed to the review of the UN System of National
Accounts that was finalised in 2009 and to the preparation of new BoP Manual
(BPM6). The process of preparing the new European system of accounts (ESA 2010)
was carried out and concluded with the adoption of the ESA 2010 Regulation by
the European Parliament and the Council in May 2013. The methodological update
also included the implementation of NACE Rev. 2 in most areas of economic
statistics. Compliance monitoring of national accounts and prices was
strengthened, which led to noticeably improved data availability in terms of
quantity and quality. Evidence on identifying differences in labour market
statistics and national accounts data on employment is available, and the
coherence between ESA 95 and employment growth (by branches) in the EU labour
force survey (LFS) appears in the published metadata. The Greek crisis was at
the origin of a renewal of the capacity of Eurostat to provide support to
economic and monetary policies. A new Directorate focusing on public finance
statistics was created, and Eurostat was given enhanced supervisory powers.
Employment: The annual ad-hoc modules to the LFS were successfully implemented.
All planned outputs were achieved regarding the implementation of the LFS, its
legal basis and the dissemination of results. Regional and urban data on
employment and unemployment were produced. The use of European sampling schemes
for the production of monthly unemployment data was not pursued as the growing
number of countries made it possible to provide monthly estimates. The coverage
of the Structure of Earning Surveys and the Labour Cost Survey was improved, the
classification adapted to NACE Rev. 2 and the data disseminated, including
microdata sets. A legal basis was adopted for job vacancy statistics[15].
Common commercial policy: The new Extrastat Regulation[16]
was implemented and the methodology for trade statistics was adapted to the
Manual on Statistics in International Trade in Services 2010. The MEETS
programme was launched. The legal bases for BoP and FATS were updated.
Social policy, education, vocational training
and youth: There was a greater need for social
statistics data during the crisis, increasing their relevance, especially the
EU survey on income and living conditions. It was consolidated and its
dissemination improved (longitudinal microdata). A programme of modernisation
of social statistics was launched. As part of its social dimension, the Beyond
GDP initiative pushed for the measurement of well-being and multi-dimensional
poverty in the EU. This is more ambitious than the measurement of the Human
Development Index which was targeted in the CSP. Legal bases for social
protection statistics[17],
for the 2011 population and housing census[18],
and for statistics on education and lifelong learning[19] were implemented,
providing better harmonisation of surveys on Adult Education (AES) and
Continuous Vocational Training. A proposal for a demography Regulation was also
adopted by the Commission[20]
and population data required for the purpose of qualified majority voting were
made available on an annual basis. The Census Hub portal was developed. Microdata
for AES were made available. A dedicated section on youth was opened on
Eurostat’s website. An overview of all gender-related statistics was prepared, specific
data on gender were produced, and Eurostat signed a Memorandum of understanding
with the European Institute for Gender Equality. 
Public health: A framework Regulation on public health and health and safety at
work[21]
was adopted and completed with two implementing regulations for statistics on
causes of death and accidents at work[22].
A European Health Interview Survey was conducted and a European Health and
Social Integration Survey was launched. A manual for the System of Health Accounts
was released in 2011.
Consumer protection: Consumer price statistics are well developed in the ESS, as major
economic indicators with high frequency and detail. Data on consumer
empowerment were available through a Eurobarometer. Statistics on organic
farming are under production, but data on control and monitoring activities and
the food consumption chain were discontinued as food safety statistics were on
the list of negative priorities.
Industry:
A major milestone in improving business statistics is the MEETS programme,
covering the period 2009-13 and implemented under a different financial
envelope. In addition, a roadmap for the improvement and integration of
business statistics legislation (FRIBS) was launched in 2012. The community
innovation surveys (CIS) for 2008 and 2010 were implemented and the 2012 survey
prepared. Globalisation and entrepreneurship indicators were developed. NACE Rev.
2 was implemented in the area of business statistics. The information society Regulation
was amended[23]
and new indicators were developed and made available for Europe’s Digital
Competitiveness report. A Regulation on tourism statistics was adopted[24] and Tourism Satellite
Accounts were disseminated in 2011. The Regulation on energy statistics was also
adopted[25]
and data collected. A methodology and indicators on energy efficiency/energy
savings were developed. A legal obligation to collect statistics on electricity
and gas prices paid by households was not introduced as the voluntary data
collection met needs adequately.
Economic and social cohesion: Regional data were converted following two revisions of the NUTS
territorial classifications. The annual collection of data at Local
Administrative Unit 2 (commune level) was implemented. The Urban Audit data
collection was renewed in 2012. The implementation of INSPIRE was ensured by
Eurostat for the statistical areas and by other Directorates General (DGs) for
other implementation aspects.
Research and technological development: Several surveys (CIS, R&D, career path of doctorate holders)
were largely harmonised and implemented. Research in official statistics,
included in the 7th framework programme, was given a strong boost with the
launch of ESSnets. Various projects were launched on harmonising statistical
disclosure control in the ESS and setting up the integrated infrastructure to
access confidential data. Anonymised microdata for scientific purposes were
provided for a number of surveys.
Environment: The data centres on waste and on natural resources and products are
operational. The Waste Statistics Regulation[26]
was simplified and aligned with other reporting obligations. The 2009
Regulation concerning statistics on pesticides[27]
lays down that sales data must be transmitted by the MSs from 2012 onwards. A
project on streamlining environmental indicators produced an inventory and
around 120 indicator fact sheets with proposals on streamlining. A consistent
set of European environmental indicators was published but there is a lack of
metadata. The methodological development of environmental-economic accounts
continued and a legal basis was adopted in 2011. Methodological guidelines and
manuals were produced for particular areas of the accounts.
Development cooperation: Cooperation focused on assisting donors and regional statistical
organisations to increase the visibility and importance of statistics for policy
design and monitoring, and on providing technical assistance in this respect.
Several tools for statistical cooperation were developed to support the
production of statistical data (national accounts and external trade) or the EU
delegations in the design of statistics-related projects in developing
countries.
Economic, financial and technical
cooperation with third countries: Technical
assistance focused on regional statistical programmes in which technical,
training and capacity-building tools were provided to developing countries. Data
resulting from cooperation projects were published.
3.           Outcome of
reprioritisation
A methodology for the reprioritisation process
was developed by a task force specifically set up for the purpose. The
methodology was based on an administrative evidence-based priority setting
mechanism, which relies on the measurement of production costs and the burden
of statistics and on the use of Summary Information Sheets (SISs) for both new
and existing statistical requirements. However, this methodology was difficult
to implement consistently at national level as the measurement of burden and
costs were not calculated by all MSs in a systematic or homogenous way. As a
result, the majority of the SISs did not contain the final assessment on
cost-effectiveness and, in turn, this did not prove to be an effective tool for
setting priorities. Therefore, Eurostat proposed a new strategy-driven approach
to the ESS, based on an annual review of existing statistical requirements, on
identification of negative priorities and on sunset clauses.
Priority setting was performed during the
preparation of the annual work programmes and involved a rolling process of
consultation between Eurostat and the other Commission DGs as well as among the
various ESS members, including ESAC. The annual priority-setting mechanism
actually ensured that annual programmes could cope with emerging statistical
priorities, even if not laid down in the CSP. Since 2010, the priority-setting
mechanism also involved the identification of negative priorities, i.e. activities
to be stopped. A list of new activities and of negative priorities is included
in the executive summary of the external consultant’s final report. 
Furthermore, it was not possible to base the
priority-setting mechanism on objective criteria, since there was no systematic
information available either on costs associated with new statistical
requirements or on the potential savings associated with the negative
priorities. It should be noted however that Commission Decision 2012/504/EU of 17
September 2012 on Eurostat, which makes the distinction between European
statistics and other statistics (Article 2) allows Eurostat to focus on
European statistics and services to other DGs, therefore improving the consistency
and transparency of the priority setting mechanism.
Even if there is no evidence that the
reprioritisation process was partly guided by systematic considerations on
efficiency gains, Eurostat made a big effort to increase the efficiency of the
production system. A rather approximate and aggregated way to assess the
results is to look at the ratio between the number of published tables and the
number of Eurostat staff. While the former increased sharply, the number of
staff producing statistics remained almost constant over the period and even
decreased in 2010 and 2011.
4.           Implementation of
Eurostat’s Vision
Eurostat’s Vision involves most — if not all —
phases of the statistical business process and could not have been completed in
only three years. Major developments are provided for in the European
Statistical Programme 2013-2017 (ESP)[28]
but the basis for its implementation was established for organisational, legislative
and concrete aspects. We can cite the establishment of Sponsorship Groups within
the ESS to promote the sharing of knowledge and good practice among ESS members
at a strategic level, the launch of the modernisation of social statistics and
the introduction of the European Master’s in Official Statistics. Eurostat has begun
an internal and external reflection process for redrafting legislation in the
area of business statistics in order to put in place a framework regulation
(FRIBS) but the implementation of legislative acts is a long process. The concrete
initiatives mainly consisted of VIP and ESSnet projects. The former addresses
cross-cutting domains of development. The latter is an initiative formalising a
long-standing tradition of cooperation among ESS members with the final aim of
developing tools and common solutions to be widely adopted by all the National
Statistical Institutes (NSIs).
The reengineering of statistical operations is
a long and complex process, and the results of VIP and ESSnet projects have
therefore, in most cases, not yet been included in the production chain of
NSIs. NSIs will need resources to invest in the modification of processes, even
though they might bring cost-efficiencies in the long-run.
Eurostat has intensified its communication
efforts and provided technical expertise and support to MSs on the implementation
of its Vision. However, the degree to which NSIs have adopted the ESS Strategy
and the Vision is still mixed, with NSI attitudes ranging from enthusiastic to
sceptical — if not reluctant. The risk of lacking momentum in a scenario of
resources shortage in the ESS can be mitigated by positioning the Vision at the
core of the ESP, but this strategy needs to be supported by adequate means, in
particular, adequate management should be put in place. The launch of the
ESS.VIP programme, which builds on the lessons learnt from the ESSnet and VIP
programmes, provides a new framework for implementing the Vision.
5.           Considerations on the recommendations
made by the external consultant
The external consultant who assessed the
programme submitted his final evaluation report on the CSP only after the new
ESP 2013-2017 had been adopted. In this report, he made recommendations based
on his analysis of the CSP. Given the timing of the final assessment, only
those recommendations, on a better designing of the ESP and its explicit links
with the AWP, which had already been presented in the interim evaluation report[29] on the CSP and recommendations by the European Court of Auditors[30] could be taken into account when designing the ESP and so not those
on the reprioritisation and on the Vision. This chapter provides a brief
overview of actions being taken by Eurostat in response to the recommendations
of the external consultant[31].
One set of recommendations concerns the
effectiveness of the CSP and has or is being already implemented for the ESP.
The new programme has been designed with measurable objectives and with the
possibility of a mid-term review. An explicit link is being made between the objectives
and actions of the AWP and the objectives of the ESP, and indicators to measure
the achievement of objectives are expected.
As regards reprioritisation, Eurostat intends
to continue to review the strategic priorities including negative priorities
after consultation of the users, while making a constant effort to reduce costs,
in line with the general Commission policy. Eurostat will also consider developing
in collaboration with MSs an analysis of costs and merits. Information should
include costs (for Eurostat and MSs, at least qualitatively), respondent burden
and alternative related available information. In addition it is explicitly
foreseen in Article 6 of the ESP that the Commission shall, in the preparation
of the annual work programmes, ensure effective priority-setting and an annual
review of, and report on, statistical priorities. It also stipulates that prioritisation
shall contribute to the reduction of costs and burdens for new statistical
requirements by reducing statistical requirements in existing domains of
European statistics and shall be pursued in close cooperation with the MSs. Implementing
the Vision is also an important instrument to improve efficiency in the
production systems and reduce costs.
Eurostat provides financial and technical
support to MSs for the implementation of the Vision. The recently discussed
ESS.VIP programme already spans five years, and in September 2013 the 18th ESSC
established a High Level Task Force to reflect on the original Vision and to update
it taking into account the experience with its implementation so far, the
present situation of NSIs and Eurostat as well as the evolving user needs and
IT developments.
[1]               OJ L 344, 28.12.2007
[2]               Commission Communication (2009) 404 on the production
method of EU statistics : a vision for the next decade
[3]               Regulation (EU) No 549/2013 of the European
Parliament and of the Council - OJ L 174, 26.6.2013, p. 1
[4]               Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 of the European
Parliament and of the Council - OJ L 87. 31.3.2009, p. 164
[5]               Regulation (EC) No 222/2009 of the European
Parliament and of the Council - OJ L 87, 31.3.2009, p. 160
[6]               Decision No 1297/2008/EC of the European Parliament
and of the Council - OJ L 340, 19.12.2008, p. 76
[7]               Regulation (EC) No 1166/2008 of the European
Parliament and of the Council - OJ L 321, 1.12.2008, p. 14
[8]               Regulation (EC) No 543/2009 of the European
Parliament and of the Council - OJ L 167, 29.6.2009, p. 1
[9]               Regulation (EC) No 1165/2008 of the European
Parliament and of the Council - OJ L 321, 1.12.2008, p. 1
[10]             Regulation (EU) No 1337/2011 of the European Parliament
and of the Council - OJ L 347, 30.12.2011, p. 7
[11]             Commission Regulation (EC) No 1055/2008 - OJ L 283,
28.10.2008, p. 3 and Commission Regulation (EU) No 555/2012 - OJ L 166,
27.6.2012, p. 22
[12]             Commission Regulation (EC) No 834/2009 - OJ L 241,
12.09.2009, p 3
[13]             Commission Regulation (EU) No 351/2010 of 23 April 2010
- OJ L 104, 24.4.2010, p. 37
[14]             Directive 2009/42/EC of the European Parliament and of
the Council of 6 May 2009 - OJ L141 of 6.6.2009, p. 29
[15]             Regulation (EC) No 453/2008 of the European Parliament
and of the Council - OJ L 145, 4.6.2008, p. 234
[16]             Regulation (EC) No 471/2009 of the European Parliament
and of the Council - OJ L 152, 16.6.2009, p. 23
[17]             Commission Regulation (EU) No 263/2011- OJ L 71,
18.3.2011, p. 4
[18]             Commission Regulation (EC) No 1201/2009 - OJ L 329,
15.12.2009, p 29
[19]             Commission Regulation (EU) No 823/2010 of 17 September
2010 - OJ L 246, 18.9.2010, p. 33
[20]             COM(2011) 903
[21]             Regulation (EC) No 1338/2008 of the European Parliament
and of the Council - OJ L 354, 31.12.2008, p. 70
[22]             Commission Regulation (EU) No 328/2011- OJ L 90,
6.4.2011, p. 22 and Commission Regulation (EU) No 349/2011 - OJ L 97,
12.4.2011, p. 3
[23]             Regulation (EC) No 1006/2009 - OJ L 286, 31.10.2009, p
31
[24]             Regulation (EU) No 692/2011 of the European Parliament
and of the Council - OJ L 192, 22.7.2011, p. 17
[25]             Regulation (EC) No 1099/2008 of the European Parliament
and of the Council - OJ L 304, 14.11.2008, p. 1
[26]             Commission Regulation (EU) No 849/2010 of 27 September
2010 - OJ L 253, 28.9.2010, p. 2
[27]             Regulation (EC) No 1185/2009 of the European Parliament
and of the Council - OJ L 324, 10.10.2009, p 1
[28]             Regulation (EU) No 99/2013 of the European Parliament
and of the Council - OJ L 39, 9.2.2013, p. 12
[29]             http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2010:0346:FIN:EN:PDF
[30]             Special Report No 12 // 2012
[31]             http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/quality/documents/Report_expert.pdf